WO2023144085A1 - Composite pane with a hologram element and anti-reflective coating - Google Patents

Composite pane with a hologram element and anti-reflective coating Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023144085A1
WO2023144085A1 PCT/EP2023/051552 EP2023051552W WO2023144085A1 WO 2023144085 A1 WO2023144085 A1 WO 2023144085A1 EP 2023051552 W EP2023051552 W EP 2023051552W WO 2023144085 A1 WO2023144085 A1 WO 2023144085A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pane
layer
intermediate layer
hologram element
laminated
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2023/051552
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Andreas GOMER
Jan Hagen
Pauline GIRARD
Oliver GIER
Original Assignee
Saint-Gobain Glass France
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint-Gobain Glass France filed Critical Saint-Gobain Glass France
Priority to CN202380008191.3A priority Critical patent/CN116829351A/en
Publication of WO2023144085A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023144085A1/en

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    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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    • B32B17/10899—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/20—Displays, e.g. liquid crystal displays, plasma displays
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/08—Cars
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/70—Properties of coatings
    • C03C2217/73—Anti-reflective coatings with specific characteristics
    • C03C2217/734—Anti-reflective coatings with specific characteristics comprising an alternation of high and low refractive indexes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
    • G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
    • G02B1/113—Anti-reflection coatings using inorganic layer materials only
    • G02B1/115—Multilayers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B27/0103—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising holographic elements
    • G02B2027/0105—Holograms with particular structures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B2207/00—Coding scheme for general features or characteristics of optical elements and systems of subclass G02B, but not including elements and systems which would be classified in G02B6/00 and subgroups
    • G02B2207/107—Porous materials, e.g. for reducing the refractive index
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H2250/00—Laminate comprising a hologram layer
    • G03H2250/32—Antireflective layer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a laminated pane with a hologram element and an anti-reflection coating, a method for producing such a laminated pane, and the use of such a laminated pane.
  • Composite glazing is used in many places today, particularly in vehicle construction.
  • vehicle includes, among other things, road vehicles, aircraft, ships, agricultural machines or also work equipment.
  • Composite panes are also used in other areas. These include, for example, building glazing or information displays, e.g. in museums or as advertising displays.
  • Laminated windows are also often used as a head-up display (HUD) to display information.
  • An image is projected onto the laminated glass panes by means of an imaging unit in order to display information in the viewer's field of vision.
  • the imaging unit is arranged, for example, on the dashboard so that the projected image is reflected on the nearest glass surface of the laminated glass pane tilted towards the viewer (cf. e.g. European Patent EP 0 420 228 B1 or German Offenlegungsschrift DE 10 2012 211 729 A1).
  • Head-up displays in which the projected image is reflected in the direction of the viewer on the nearest glass surface of the laminated glass pane inclined towards the viewer, are subject to the law of reflection, according to which the angle of incidence and the angle of emission are equal.
  • the angle of inclination of the laminated glass pane can therefore not be chosen freely.
  • Hologram elements that are laminated between the panes of a composite pane can also be used for head-up displays.
  • the hologram element includes at least one hologram, and the hologram may include information recorded thereon.
  • the hologram can be activated by means of light emitted from a projector and thus the information recorded in the hologram for the viewer be played back.
  • Head-up displays based on the principle of holography so-called holographic head-up displays are, for example, in the publications WO 2012/156124 A1, US 2019/0056596 A1, US 10,394,032 B2, US 10,061, 069 B2 and US 2015/ 205138 A1.
  • WO 2021/180471 A1, WO 2021/233713 A1, WO 2021/245031 A1, WO 2021/254872 A1 and WO 2021/254873 A1 disclose composite panes with a hologram element, it being possible for the first and/or the second pane of the composite pane to have anti-reflection coatings.
  • WO 2019/179682 A1 discloses a composite pane for a head-up display with an electrically conductive coating and an anti-reflection coating.
  • EP 3 998 501 A2 discloses a system having anti-reflection coatings to prevent the formation of Fresnel reflections during reflection hologram formation.
  • DE 10 2020 112 447 A1 discloses a method for integrating a hologram in a rigid component with a predetermined target surface geometry using a hologram recording layer made of a liquid photopolymer.
  • a hologram can be created in a holographic material, ie a photosensitive material, which is laminated between the panes of a laminated pane.
  • a holographic material ie a photosensitive material, which is laminated between the panes of a laminated pane.
  • the so-called reference beam which can also be referred to as a reference wave
  • the so-called object beam which can also be referred to as an object wave
  • the resulting interference pattern of the superimposed wavefronts is written into the holographic material as an alternating refractive index modulation. If the reference wave and the object wave have parallel wave fronts, the interference pattern corresponds to a parallel grating whose lamellae are angled at the bisector of the reference wave and the object wave.
  • the holographic material After recording, the holographic material is cured, losing the ability to record additional holograms. If the holographic material in which the hologram was recorded is again irradiated with the reference wave, the light is diffracted at the recorded grating of the hologram in such a way that the diffracted Wave corresponds to the object wave. Thus, by illuminating the interference pattern written in the holographic material with the reference wave, the object wave can be reconstructed.
  • Head-up displays in which the projected image is reproduced in the direction of the viewer by means of a hologram, thus enable the production of composite panes with laminated holograms, in which the angle of incidence on the composite pane is not as large as the angle of emission. Consequently, the angle of inclination of the laminated pane can be chosen more freely in holographic head-up displays.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved laminated pane with a hologram element, in particular for a head-up display, in which the occurrence of undesirable ghost images and/or the degree of reflection of the laminated pane is minimized.
  • the object of the present invention is solved by a laminated pane according to independent claim 1 .
  • Preferred embodiments emerge from the dependent claims.
  • a method for producing a composite pane according to the invention and its use emerge from further independent claims.
  • the invention relates to a laminated pane at least comprising an outer pane with an outside surface and an inside surface, an inner pane with an outside surface and an inside surface, a first intermediate layer and a hologram element with at least one hologram.
  • the first intermediate layer is arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane and the hologram element is arranged between the outer pane and the first intermediate layer or between the inner pane and the first intermediate layer.
  • an antireflection coating is arranged on the interior-side surface of the inner pane.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane each have an outside surface, i.e. an outer surface, and an interior surface, i.e. an inner surface, and a peripheral side edge extending therebetween.
  • the outside surface designates that main surface which is intended to face the external environment in the installed position.
  • the interior-side surface designates that main surface which is intended to face the interior in the installed position.
  • the surfaces of the glass panes are typically designated as follows:
  • the outside surface of the outer pane is referred to as side I.
  • the surface of the outer pane on the interior side is referred to as side II.
  • the outside surface of the inner pane is referred to as Side III.
  • the interior side surface of the inner pane is referred to as side IV.
  • the inner pane in the context of the invention refers to the pane facing the interior (vehicle interior).
  • the outer pane refers to the pane facing the outside environment.
  • the hologram element refers to the holographic medium in which the hologram is contained.
  • the hologram element comprises a photosensitive material, ie a holographic material.
  • a hologram can be recorded in this by exposure to a suitable light source.
  • the material of the hologram element is no longer sensitive to light, since the holographic material is changed so much during the process that it is no longer possible to record a hologram.
  • the hologram element comprises a holographic material and can additionally optionally comprise a first substrate layer and/or a second substrate layer. Suitable holographic materials are known to those skilled in the art. Suitable first and second substrate layers are also known to those skilled in the art.
  • the hologram element preferably comprises a photopolymer, dichromated gelatin or silver halide gelatin as holographic material, particularly preferably a photopolymer.
  • Silver halides or dichromates are generally used in a gelatine matrix, which is usually initially dried at room temperature before a hologram can be recorded by exposure.
  • the holographic material is formed as a coating on the interior-side surface of the outer pane or as a coating on the outside surface of the inner pane.
  • the laminated pane can additionally comprise a second intermediate layer.
  • the hologram element is arranged between the first intermediate layer and the inner pane and the additional second intermediate layer is arranged between the inner pane and the hologram element.
  • the hologram element comprises a holographic material, a first substrate layer and a second substrate layer, the holographic material being arranged between the first intermediate layer and the inner pane, a second intermediate layer being arranged between the holographic material and the inner pane, between the holographic material and the first intermediate layer is arranged the first substrate layer and between the holographic material and the second intermediate layer the second substrate layer is arranged.
  • the holographic material is consequently arranged between a first substrate layer and a second substrate layer.
  • the hologram element comprises a first substrate layer and a holographic material.
  • the laminated pane can optionally comprise a second intermediate layer. If a second intermediate layer is present, this is arranged between the inner pane and the hologram element and the first intermediate layer is arranged between the outer pane and the hologram element.
  • the hologram element comprises a second substrate layer and a holographic material.
  • the first intermediate layer is preferably a thermoplastic intermediate layer, an adhesive layer or an optically clear adhesive (OCA).
  • OCA optically clear adhesive
  • the second intermediate layer is preferably a thermoplastic intermediate layer, an adhesive layer or an optically clear adhesive (OCA).
  • OCA optically clear adhesive
  • An optically clear adhesive is characterized by high light transmission, low turbidity, no double refraction, high UV resistance and good aging resistance. Uncontrolled and therefore undesirable impairments in light transmission or unaesthetic distortions can be avoided in this way.
  • the adhesive layer preferably has an absorption in the visible spectral range of less than 5%, in particular less than 2% or even 1% and preferably a turbidity of less than 5%, in particular less than 2% or even less than 1%.
  • the adhesive layer is preferably designed as a homogeneous layer.
  • the adhesive layer preferably has a thickness of from 20 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, particularly preferably from 50 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m, very particularly preferably from 60 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m. This achieves good optical properties.
  • adhesive layers with these thicknesses are commercially available as adhesive films.
  • the adhesive of the adhesive layer can also be used as a liquid adhesive.
  • the adhesive of the adhesive layer is preferably a chemically active, in particular chemically curing adhesive or UV-curing, particularly preferably an acrylate adhesive or a silicone-based adhesive.
  • the first substrate layer contains, for example, polyamide (PA), cellulose triacetate (TAC) and/or polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
  • PA polyamide
  • TAC cellulose triacetate
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the first substrate layer is, for example, 35 pm (microns) to 60 pm thick.
  • the second substrate layer contains, for example, polyamide (PA), cellulose triacetate (TAC) and/or polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
  • PA polyamide
  • TAC cellulose triacetate
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the second substrate layer is, for example, 35 ⁇ m (microns) to 60 ⁇ m thick.
  • the holographic material comprises a photopolymer.
  • the photopolymer is for example 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m thick, for example 16 ⁇ m. Suitable photopolymers are known to those skilled in the art.
  • the photopolymer preferably comprises crosslinked polyurethane (PU). Alternatively, a liquid photopolymer can also be used.
  • the antireflection coating can be designed in different ways.
  • antireflection coatings made of porous silicon dioxide layers are known.
  • the antireflection coating is formed from alternating layers with different refractive indices, which lead to a reduction in reflection at the coated surface due to interference effects.
  • Such coatings are very effective and can be easily optimized to meet individual requirements by selecting the materials and layer thicknesses of the individual layers.
  • the antireflection coating is formed on the basis of nanoporous silicon oxide.
  • Such an antireflection coating can be configured, for example, as described in WO 2021/156023 A1.
  • the anti-reflection coating is formed from alternatingly arranged layers with different refractive indices.
  • the antireflection coating preferably comprises at least two optically high refractive layers, in particular with a refractive index greater than 1.8, and two optically low refractive layers, in particular with a refractive index less than 1.8.
  • the high-index layers can be based on silicon nitride, zinc tin oxide, silicon zirconium nitride or titanium oxide, for example, and the low-index layers can be based on silicon dioxide or magnesium fluoride, for example.
  • refractive indices are generally given in relation to a wavelength of 550 nm. Methods for determining refractive indices are known to those skilled in the art. The refractive indices specified within the scope of the invention can be determined, for example, by means of ellipsometry, with commercially available ellipsometers being able to be used.
  • the anti-reflection coating starting from the interior surface of the inner pane, consists of a 19 nm thick silicon nitride layer, a 23 nm thick silicon dioxide layer arranged thereon, a 114 nm thick zinc-tin oxide layer arranged thereon and a 97 nm layer arranged thereon thick silicon dioxide layer formed.
  • the anti-reflection coating is formed, starting from the interior surface of the inner pane, from a 13 nm thick silicon nitride layer, a 29 nm thick silicon dioxide layer arranged thereon, a 94 nm thick silicon nitride layer arranged thereon and an 89 nm thick silicon dioxide layer arranged thereon.
  • the anti-reflection coating starting from the interior-side surface of the inner pane, comprises exactly one high-index layer and exactly one low-index layer, the high-index layer having a refractive index greater than 1.9 and a thickness of at most 40 nm, preferably at most 30 nm. particularly preferably not more than 20 nm, very particularly preferably not more than 15 nm, and the low-index layer has a refractive index of less than 1.6 and a thickness of not more than 60 nm, preferably not more than 50 nm, particularly preferably not more than 40 nm, very particularly preferably of at most 30 nm.
  • the high-index layer is preferably formed on the basis of silicon nitride, tin-zinc oxide, silicon-zirconium nitride, silicon-titanium nitride, silicon-hafnium nitride or titanium oxide, particularly preferably Based on silicon zirconium nitride or titanium oxide, and the low-index layer is preferably formed based on silicon dioxide or doped silicon oxide.
  • a protective layer can be applied to the anti-reflection coating.
  • the protective layer is preferably applied transparently and areally, in particular congruently, to the antireflection coating.
  • the protective layer is preferably a polymer based on polyacrylates, polyoximes, alkyd resins, polyurethanes or mixtures thereof.
  • the protective layer preferably has a thickness of 50 nm to 10 ⁇ m and particularly preferably 100 nm to 5 ⁇ m.
  • the protective layer protects the anti-reflective coating from mechanical damage such as scratches. It can also serve to increase the durability of the anti-reflective coating.
  • a UV protection layer is arranged in the laminated pane according to the invention between the outer pane and the holographic material. Such a UV protection layer prevents aging processes of the holograms recorded in the holographic material caused by UV radiation from the outside.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane are made of glass, particularly preferably of soda-lime glass, as is customary for window panes.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane can also be made from other types of glass, for example quartz glass, borosilicate glass or alumino-silicate glass, or from rigid, clear plastics, for example polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane can be clear, independently of one another, or else tinted or tinted.
  • Composite panes designed as windshields must have sufficient light transmission in the central viewing area, preferably at least 70% in the main viewing area A in accordance with ECE-R43.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane are preferably curved, ie they have a curvature.
  • a first intermediate layer or second intermediate layer designed as a thermoplastic intermediate layer preferably contains at least polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyurethane (PU) or copolymers or derivatives thereof or consists of them, particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), very particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB ) and additives known to those skilled in the art, such as plasticizers.
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
  • PU polyurethane
  • PVB polyurethane
  • additives known to those skilled in the art, such as plasticizers.
  • a first intermediate layer or second intermediate layer designed as a thermoplastic intermediate layer preferably contains at least 60% by weight, particularly preferably at least 70% by weight, in particular at least 90% by weight and for example at least 97% by weight, of polyvinyl butyral.
  • a first intermediate layer designed as a thermoplastic intermediate layer can be formed by a single film or by more than one film.
  • a second intermediate layer designed as a thermoplastic intermediate layer can also be formed by a single film or by more than one film.
  • the first intermediate layer and, if present, the second intermediate layer can, independently of one another, also be a functional intermediate layer, in particular an intermediate layer with acoustically dampening properties, an intermediate layer which reflects infrared radiation, an intermediate layer which absorbs infrared radiation, an intermediate layer which absorbs UV radiation, an intermediate layer which is colored at least in sections and/or or an intermediate layer that is tinted at least in sections.
  • the first intermediate layer and, if present, the second intermediate layer can also be, for example, a band filter film independently of one another.
  • the thickness of a first intermediate layer or second intermediate layer designed as a thermoplastic intermediate layer is between 30 ⁇ m and 1500 ⁇ m, preferably between 50 ⁇ m and 780 ⁇ m, preferably between 380 ⁇ m and 760 ⁇ m.
  • the hologram element preferably has a thickness of 5 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, preferably 10 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m and particularly preferably 15 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the outer pane and the inner pane can vary widely and can thus be adapted to the requirements of the individual case.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane are preferably 0.5 mm to 5 mm thick, particularly preferably 1 mm to 3 mm thick.
  • the laminated pane according to the invention can comprise one or more additional intermediate layers, in particular functional intermediate layers.
  • An additional intermediate layer can in particular be an intermediate layer with acoustically dampening properties, an intermediate layer reflecting infrared radiation, an intermediate layer absorbing infrared radiation, an intermediate layer colored at least in sections and/or an intermediate layer tinted at least in sections. If several additional intermediate layers are present, these can also have different functions.
  • a laminated pane according to the invention can additionally include a cover print, in particular made of a dark, preferably black, enamel.
  • the masking print is in particular a peripheral, i.e. frame-like, masking print.
  • the peripheral masking print primarily serves as UV protection for the assembly adhesive of the laminated pane.
  • the cover print can be opaque and full-surface.
  • the cover print can also be semi-transparent, at least in sections, for example as a dot grid, stripe grid or checkered grid.
  • the covering print can also have a gradient, for example from an opaque covering to a semi-transparent covering.
  • the hologram element preferably does not reach the edge of the pane, while the first intermediate layer extends to the edge of the pane.
  • the hologram element in the laminated pane is sealed at its peripheral edge by the first intermediate layer or other layers arranged there and is thus protected from external influences such as moisture and cleaning agents.
  • a blocking film with a cutout is preferably arranged in the form of a frame around the hologram element.
  • the section corresponds to the area in which the hologram element is arranged.
  • the hologram element is arranged within this section and completely fills it out.
  • the barrier film has the shape of a surrounding frame and stands in direct contact with the peripheral edge of the hologram element. The hologram element and the barrier film are thus in the same plane and touch each other along their edges, with their contact surface being essentially orthogonal to the pane surfaces of the laminated pane.
  • the blocking film in the form of a peripheral frame compensates for a local difference in thickness between the area with the hologram element and the surrounding area.
  • the blocking film does not overlap the hologram element, but rather is only attached in its immediate vicinity adjacent to the peripheral edge of the hologram element, which makes it possible to compensate for differences in thickness. Accordingly, the laminated pane with a hologram element not only has improved resistance to aging, but also improved durability by minimizing stresses and glass breakage.
  • the barrier film is preferably a polymer layer and preferably contains or consists of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide (PA), polyethylene (PE), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), cellulose triacetate (TAC). essentially from it.
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PA polyamide
  • PE polyethylene
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • TAC cellulose triacetate
  • the laminated pane according to the invention is preferably curved in one or more spatial directions, as is customary for motor vehicle panes, with typical radii of curvature being in the range from about 10 cm to about 40 m.
  • the laminated glass can also be flat, for example if it is intended as a pane for buses, trains or tractors.
  • a laminated pane according to the invention has an upper edge and a lower edge as well as two side edges running between the upper edge and the lower edge.
  • the top edge designates that edge which is intended to point upwards in the installation position.
  • the lower edge designates that edge which is intended to point downwards in the installation position.
  • the upper edge is often referred to as the roof edge and the lower edge as the engine edge.
  • Composite panes designed as windshields have a central field of vision, the optical quality of which is subject to high requirements.
  • the central field of view must have high light transmission (typically greater than 70%).
  • Said central field of view is in particular that field of view which the person skilled in the art calls field of view B, Field of View B or Zone B is called.
  • Field of view B and its technical requirements are specified in United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (LIN/ECE) Control No. 43 (ECE-R43, "Uniform Conditions for the Approval of Safety Glazing Materials and Their Installation in Vehicles").
  • EAE-R43 European Economic Commission for Europe
  • the hologram element is advantageously arranged within the central field of view (field of view B) in a composite pane designed as a windshield.
  • the hologram element can, but does not have to, cover the entire area and can also protrude beyond it.
  • the hologram element preferably extends over at least 30%, particularly preferably over at least 50%, further particularly preferably over at least 80% of the pane. In this way, visible transitions between the hologram element and a section without a hologram element in the visible area of the pane can be avoided.
  • the hologram element is particularly preferably arranged in such a way that the peripheral edge of the hologram element is arranged in the area of an opaque cover print.
  • the opaque cover print covers the transition from the hologram element to the surrounding layer.
  • the masking print is usually in the edge area of the pane and hides the view of attachments or bonding.
  • Windshields typically have an all-round peripheral masking print made of an opaque enamel, which serves in particular to protect the adhesive used to install the windshield from UV radiation and to conceal it from view.
  • This peripheral masking print is preferably used to also mask the peripheral edge of the hologram element.
  • Both the outer pane and the inner pane of the laminated pane preferably have a masking print, so that the view through the edge area is prevented from both sides.
  • the hologram element can also have recesses or holes, for example in the area of so-called sensor windows or camera windows. These areas are intended to be equipped with sensors or cameras whose function could be affected by a hologram element in the beam path.
  • the hologram element is preferably arranged over the entire width and the entire height of the laminated pane, particularly preferably minus a peripheral edge area with a width of, for example, 5 mm to 50 mm.
  • the hologram element is thus protected from contact with the surrounding atmosphere and corrosion.
  • the width of the surrounding edge area can be constant or vary.
  • the laminated pane can be, for example, the windshield or the roof pane of a vehicle or other vehicle glazing, for example a partition pane in a vehicle, preferably in a rail vehicle or a bus.
  • the laminated pane can be architectural glazing, for example in an exterior facade of a building, or a separating pane inside a building.
  • the invention also includes a projection arrangement for displaying information for an observer, at least comprising a laminated pane according to the invention and a projector which is directed onto the hologram element from the inside.
  • a projection arrangement for displaying information for an observer at least comprising a laminated pane according to the invention and a projector which is directed onto the hologram element from the inside.
  • the composite pane according to the invention can be designed as described above in the various embodiments.
  • the projector of the projection arrangement emits light with wavelengths to which the hologram or, if more than one hologram is present, the holograms of the hologram element respond.
  • an undesired reflection of the light emitted by the projector on the interior-side surface of the inner pane of the laminated pane is minimized by the anti-reflection coating.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing a composite pane, wherein at least: a) an outer pane with an outside surface and an inside surface, a first intermediate layer, a hologram element with at least one hologram and an inner pane with an outside surface and an inside surface and a antireflection coating applied to the interior surface, b) a layer stack is formed in which the first intermediate layer is arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane and the hologram element is arranged between the outer pane and the first intermediate layer or between the inner pane and the first intermediate layer, c) the layer stack is connected by lamination.
  • the hologram element can contain, for example, dichromated gelatin or silver halide gelatin or a photopolymer as the holographic material as described above.
  • the anti-reflection coating is applied to the interior-side surface of the inner pane before lamination.
  • step a it is also possible to apply the antireflection coating to the interior-side surface of the inner pane only after the lamination, so that an uncoated inner pane is initially provided in step a).
  • a laminated pane wherein at least: a) an outer pane with an outside surface and an inside surface, a first intermediate layer, a hologram element with at least one hologram and an inner pane with an outside surface and an inside surface are provided , b) a layer stack is formed in which the first intermediate layer is arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane and the hologram element is arranged between the outer pane and the first intermediate layer or between the inner pane and the first intermediate layer, c) the layer stack is connected by lamination d) an anti-reflection coating is applied to the interior-side surface of the inner pane.
  • step a) instead of a hologram element in which at least one hologram is recorded, an unexposed hologram element precursor made of light-sensitive material can also be provided as an alternative.
  • step b) the layer stack can also be formed and in step c) the lamination with the unexposed hologram element precursor or with the final hologram element with a recorded hologram element can take place.
  • a method according to the invention when providing the unexposed hologram element precursor in step a) as an additional step after the lamination of Layer stack comprises recording at least one hologram in the hologram element precursor.
  • the layer stack is preferably laminated under the action of heat, vacuum and/or pressure.
  • Methods known per se can be used for lamination, for example autoclave methods, vacuum bag methods, vacuum ring methods, calendering methods, vacuum laminators or combinations thereof.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane are preferably subjected to a bending process before lamination.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane are preferably bent congruently together (i.e. at the same time and using the same tool), because the shape of the panes is then optimally matched to one another for the lamination that takes place later.
  • Typical temperatures for glass bending processes are 500°C to 700°C, for example.
  • Any opaque cover prints that may be present i.e. in particular black prints running around the edges of the pane, are preferably applied using the screen printing process.
  • the invention also includes the use of a composite pane according to the invention with at least one hologram as interior glazing or exterior glazing in a vehicle or a building, in particular as a vehicle pane in means of transport for traffic on land, in the air or on water, in particular in motor vehicles and in particular as a windshield , which serves as a projection surface for a head-up display.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of an embodiment of a laminated pane 100 according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross section through the embodiment of a laminated pane 100 according to the invention shown in Fig. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated pane 100 according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated pane 100 according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section of an embodiment of a hologram element
  • FIG. 6 shows a cross section of a further embodiment of a hologram element
  • FIG. 7 shows a cross section of a further embodiment of a hologram element
  • FIG. 8 shows a cross section of an embodiment of a laminated pane according to the invention
  • FIG. 10 shows a cross section of a further embodiment of a composite pane according to the invention.
  • FIG. 11 shows an exemplary embodiment of a method according to the invention using a flowchart.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of an embodiment of a composite pane 100 according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows the cross section through the embodiment of a composite pane 100 according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 along the section line X-X'.
  • the laminated pane 100 has an upper edge O, a lower edge U and two side edges S.
  • the laminated pane 100 comprises an outer pane 1 with an outside surface I and an inside surface II, a first intermediate layer 3, a hologram element 4, an inner pane 2 with an outside surface III and an inside surface IV and a Anti-reflection coating 6.
  • the hologram element 4 is arranged over the entire surface between the outer pane 1 and the inner pane 2
  • the first intermediate layer 3 is arranged over the entire surface between the outer pane 1 and the hologram element 4
  • the anti-reflection coating 6 is arranged over the entire surface arranged on the interior-side surface IV of the inner pane 2 .
  • the outer pane 1 consists, for example, of soda-lime glass and is 2.1 mm thick.
  • the inner pane 2 consists, for example, of soda-lime glass and is 1.6 mm thick.
  • the first intermediate layer 3 is, for example, a thermoplastic intermediate layer and consists, for example, of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and is 0.76 mm thick.
  • the hologram element 4 is designed, for example, as shown in FIG. 5 or 7.
  • FIG. 7 If the hologram element 4 is configured as shown in FIG. 7 , the hologram element 4 is preferably arranged in such a way that the first substrate layer 8 is arranged directly adjacent to the first intermediate layer 3 .
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section of a further embodiment of a laminated pane 100 according to the invention.
  • the composite pane 100 shown in cross section in FIG. 3 differs from that shown in FIG. 2 only in that the first intermediate layer 3 is arranged between the inner pane 2 and the hologram element 4 .
  • the hologram element 4 is designed, for example, as shown in FIG. 5 or 7 . If the hologram element 4 is configured as shown in FIG. 7 , the hologram element 4 is preferably arranged in such a way that the first substrate layer 8 is arranged directly adjacent to the first intermediate layer 3 .
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section of a further embodiment of a laminated pane 100 according to the invention.
  • the composite pane 100 shown in cross section in FIG. 4 differs from that shown in FIG. 2 in that a second intermediate layer 7 is arranged between the hologram element 4 and the inner pane 2 .
  • the second intermediate layer 7 is, for example, a thermoplastic intermediate layer and consists, for example, of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and is 0.76 mm thick.
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • the hologram element 4 is designed, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, 6 or 7.
  • FIG. 5 the hologram element 4 is designed, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, 6 or 7.
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross-section of an embodiment of a hologram element 4.
  • the holographic material 5 is, for example, a photopolymer, dichromated gelatin or silver halide gelatin.
  • Fig. 6 shows a cross section of another embodiment of a hologram element 4.
  • the hologram element 4 comprises a first substrate layer 8, a second substrate layer 9 and a holographic material 5 arranged therebetween.
  • the holographic material 5 is for example a photopolymer, dichromated gelatin or silver halide gelatin.
  • the hologram element 4 comprises a first substrate layer 8 and a holographic material 5.
  • the holographic material 5 is, for example, a photopolymer, dichromated gelatin or silver halide gelatin.
  • FIG. 8 shows a cross section of a further embodiment of a laminated pane 100 according to the invention.
  • the laminated pane 100 shown in cross section in FIG. 8 differs from that shown in FIG. 2 only in that a protective layer 10 is arranged on the antireflection coating 6 .
  • the protective layer 10 is arranged on the surface of the anti-reflection coating 6 facing away from the inner pane 2 .
  • FIG. 9 shows a cross section of a further embodiment of a laminated pane 100 according to the invention.
  • the laminated pane 100 shown in cross section in FIG. 9 differs from that shown in FIG. 3 only in that a protective layer 10 is arranged on the antireflection coating 6 .
  • the protective layer 10 is arranged on the surface of the anti-reflection coating 6 facing away from the inner pane 2 .
  • FIG. 10 shows a cross section of a further embodiment of a laminated pane 100 according to the invention.
  • the laminated pane 100 shown in cross section in FIG. 10 differs from that shown in FIG. 4 only in that a protective layer 10 is arranged on the antireflection coating 6 .
  • the protective layer 10 is arranged on the surface of the anti-reflection coating 6 facing away from the inner pane 2 .
  • 11 shows an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention for producing a laminated pane 100 according to the invention using a flowchart, comprising the steps:

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Abstract

The invention relates to a composite pane (100), at least comprising an outer pane (1) with an outer-side surface (I) and an interior-side surface (II), an inner pane (2) with an outer-side surface (III) and an interior-side surface (IV), a first intermediate layer (3) and a hologram element (4) with at least one hologram, wherein the first intermediate layer (3) is arranged between the outer pane (1) and the inner pane (2), the hologram element (4) is arranged between the outer pane (1) and the first intermediate layer (3) or between the inner pane (2) and the first intermediate layer, and wherein an anti-reflective coating (6) is arranged on the interior-side surface (IV) of the inner pane (2).

Description

VERBUNDSCHEIBE MIT HOLOGRAMMELEMENT UND ANTIREFLEXIONSBESCHICHTUNG COMPOSITE LENS WITH HOLOGRAM ELEMENT AND ANTI-REFLECTIVE COATING
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Verbundscheibe mit einem Hologrammelement und einer Antireflexionsbeschichtung, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen Verbundscheibe, sowie die Verwendung einer solchen Verbundscheibe. The invention relates to a laminated pane with a hologram element and an anti-reflection coating, a method for producing such a laminated pane, and the use of such a laminated pane.
Verbundscheiben werden heutzutage an vielen Orten, insbesondere im Fahrzeugbau, verwendet. Dabei umfasst der Begriff Fahrzeug unter anderem Straßenfahrzeuge, Flugzeuge, Schiffe, landwirtschaftliche Maschinen oder auch Arbeitsgeräte. Composite glazing is used in many places today, particularly in vehicle construction. The term vehicle includes, among other things, road vehicles, aircraft, ships, agricultural machines or also work equipment.
Auch in anderen Bereichen werden Verbundscheiben verwendet. Hierzu zählen beispielsweise Gebäudeverglasungen oder Informationsdisplays, z.B. in Museen oder als Werbedisplays. Composite panes are also used in other areas. These include, for example, building glazing or information displays, e.g. in museums or as advertising displays.
Häufig werden Verbundscheiben auch als Head-Up-Display (HUD) zur Anzeige von Informationen verwendet. Dabei wird mittels einer bildgebenden Einheit ein Bild auf die Verbundglasscheiben projiziert, um dem Betrachter eine Information ins Sichtfeld einzublenden. Im Fahrzeugbereich wird die bildgebende Einheit z.B. auf dem Armaturenbrett angeordnet, so dass das projizierte Bild auf der nächstliegenden Glasfläche der zum Betrachter hin geneigten Verbundglasscheibe in Richtung des Betrachters reflektiert wird (vgl. z.B. das europäische Patent EP 0 420 228 B1 oder die deutsche Offenlegungsschrift DE 10 2012 211 729 A1). Laminated windows are also often used as a head-up display (HUD) to display information. An image is projected onto the laminated glass panes by means of an imaging unit in order to display information in the viewer's field of vision. In the vehicle area, the imaging unit is arranged, for example, on the dashboard so that the projected image is reflected on the nearest glass surface of the laminated glass pane tilted towards the viewer (cf. e.g. European Patent EP 0 420 228 B1 or German Offenlegungsschrift DE 10 2012 211 729 A1).
Head-Up-Displays, in denen das projizierte Bild auf der nächstliegenden Glasfläche der zum Betrachter hin geneigten Verbundglasscheibe in Richtung des Betrachters reflektiert wird, unterliegen dem Reflexionsgesetz, wonach der Einstrahlwinkel und der Ausstrahlwinkel gleich groß sind. Der Neigungswinkel der Verbundglasscheibe kann somit nicht frei gewählt werden. Head-up displays, in which the projected image is reflected in the direction of the viewer on the nearest glass surface of the laminated glass pane inclined towards the viewer, are subject to the law of reflection, according to which the angle of incidence and the angle of emission are equal. The angle of inclination of the laminated glass pane can therefore not be chosen freely.
Für Head-Up-Displays können auch Hologrammelemente genutzt werden, die zwischen den Scheiben einer Verbundscheibe einlaminiert sind. Das Hologrammelement weist mindestens ein Hologramm auf und das Hologramm kann darin aufgezeichnete Informationen enthalten. Das Hologramm kann mittels von einem Projektor abgestrahltem Licht aktiviert werden und somit die in dem Hologramm aufgezeichneten Informationen für den Betrachter wiedergegeben werden. Head-Up-Displays, basierend auf dem Prinzip der Holographie, sogenannte holographische Head-Up-Displays sind beispielsweise in den Veröffentlichungen WO 2012/156124 A1 , US 2019/0056596 A1 , US 10,394,032 B2, US 10,061 ,069 B2 und US 2015/205138 A1 offenbart. Hologram elements that are laminated between the panes of a composite pane can also be used for head-up displays. The hologram element includes at least one hologram, and the hologram may include information recorded thereon. The hologram can be activated by means of light emitted from a projector and thus the information recorded in the hologram for the viewer be played back. Head-up displays based on the principle of holography, so-called holographic head-up displays are, for example, in the publications WO 2012/156124 A1, US 2019/0056596 A1, US 10,394,032 B2, US 10,061, 069 B2 and US 2015/ 205138 A1.
WO 2021/180471 A1 , WO 2021/233713 A1 , WO 2021/245031 A1 , WO 2021/254872 A1 und WO 2021/254873 A1 offenbaren Verbundscheiben mit einem Hologrammelement, wobei die erste und/oder die zweite Scheibe der Verbundscheibe Antireflexbeschichtungen aufweisen kann. WO 2021/180471 A1, WO 2021/233713 A1, WO 2021/245031 A1, WO 2021/254872 A1 and WO 2021/254873 A1 disclose composite panes with a hologram element, it being possible for the first and/or the second pane of the composite pane to have anti-reflection coatings.
WO 2019/179682 A1 offenbart eine Verbundscheibe für ein Head-Up-Display mit elektrisch leitfähiger Beschichtung und Antireflexionsbeschichtung. WO 2019/179682 A1 discloses a composite pane for a head-up display with an electrically conductive coating and an anti-reflection coating.
EP 3 998 501 A2 offenbart ein System, welches Antireflexionsbeschichtungen zum Verhindern der Bildung von Fresnel-Reflexionen während der Reflexionshologrammbildung aufweist. EP 3 998 501 A2 discloses a system having anti-reflection coatings to prevent the formation of Fresnel reflections during reflection hologram formation.
DE 10 2020 112 447 A1 offenbart ein Verfahren zum Integrieren eines Hologramms in einem starren Bauteil einer vorbestimmten Oberflächen-Sollgeometrie unter Verwendung einer Hologrammaufnahmeschicht aus einem flüssigen Photopolymer. DE 10 2020 112 447 A1 discloses a method for integrating a hologram in a rigid component with a predetermined target surface geometry using a hologram recording layer made of a liquid photopolymer.
Ein Hologramm kann in einem holographischen Material, d.h. einem photosensitiven Material, erzeugt werden, das zwischen den Scheiben einer Verbundscheibe einlaminiert ist. Zum Aufzeichnen eines Hologramms werden zwei zueinander kohärente Lichtstrahlen, der sogenannte Referenzstrahl, der auch als Referenzwelle bezeichnet werden kann, und der sogenannte Objektstrahl, der auch als Objektwelle bezeichnet werden kann, auf ein holographisches Material gerichtet. Das dabei entstehende Interferenzmuster der überlagerten Wellenfronten wird als alternierende Brechungsindexmodulation in das holographische Material geschrieben. Wenn die Referenzwelle und die Objektwelle parallele Wellenfronten aufweisen, entspricht das Interferenzmuster einem parallelen Gitter, dessen Lamellen unter der Winkelhalbierenden von Referenzwelle und Objektwelle abgewinkelt sind. Nach dem Aufzeichnen wird das holographische Material ausgehärtet, wodurch es die Fähigkeit weitere Hologramme aufzuzeichnen verliert. Wird das holographische Material, in welchem das Hologramm aufgezeichnet wurde, mit der Referenzwelle erneut beschienen, so wird das Licht am aufgezeichneten Gitter des Hologramms so gebeugt, dass die gebeugte Welle der Objektwelle entspricht. Durch Beleuchten des in das holographische Material geschriebenen Interferenzmusters mit der Referenzwelle kann somit die Objektwelle rekonstruiert werden. A hologram can be created in a holographic material, ie a photosensitive material, which is laminated between the panes of a laminated pane. To record a hologram, two mutually coherent light beams, the so-called reference beam, which can also be referred to as a reference wave, and the so-called object beam, which can also be referred to as an object wave, are directed onto a holographic material. The resulting interference pattern of the superimposed wavefronts is written into the holographic material as an alternating refractive index modulation. If the reference wave and the object wave have parallel wave fronts, the interference pattern corresponds to a parallel grating whose lamellae are angled at the bisector of the reference wave and the object wave. After recording, the holographic material is cured, losing the ability to record additional holograms. If the holographic material in which the hologram was recorded is again irradiated with the reference wave, the light is diffracted at the recorded grating of the hologram in such a way that the diffracted Wave corresponds to the object wave. Thus, by illuminating the interference pattern written in the holographic material with the reference wave, the object wave can be reconstructed.
Head-Up-Displays, in denen das projizierte Bild mittels eines Hologramms in Richtung des Betrachters wiedergegeben wird, ermöglichen somit die Herstellung von Verbundscheiben mit einlaminierten Hologrammen, bei denen der Einstrahlwinkel auf die Verbundscheibe nicht genauso groß ist wie der Ausstrahlwinkel. Folglich kann der Neigungswinkel der Verbundscheibe bei holographischen Head-Up-Displays freier gewählt werden. Head-up displays, in which the projected image is reproduced in the direction of the viewer by means of a hologram, thus enable the production of composite panes with laminated holograms, in which the angle of incidence on the composite pane is not as large as the angle of emission. Consequently, the angle of inclination of the laminated pane can be chosen more freely in holographic head-up displays.
Während bei Head-Up-Displays, in denen das projizierte Bild mittels eines Hologramms in Richtung des Betrachters wiedergegeben wird, eine Reflexion der Referenzwelle an der außenseitigen Oberfläche der Außenscheibe infolge der Beugung am aufgezeichneten Gitter des Hologramms abgeschwächt wird, kann insbesondere eine Reflexion der Referenzwelle an der innenraumseitigen Oberfläche der Innenscheibe als zwar schwaches, aber dennoch störendes Geisterbild in Erscheinung treten. While in head-up displays, in which the projected image is reproduced by means of a hologram in the direction of the viewer, a reflection of the reference wave on the outside surface of the outer pane is weakened as a result of diffraction on the recorded lattice of the hologram, in particular a reflection of the reference wave appear on the inside surface of the inner pane as a weak but disturbing ghost image.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, insbesondere für ein Head-Up- Display, eine verbesserte Verbundscheibe mit einem Hologrammelement bereitzustellen, bei der das Auftreten unerwünschter Geisterbilder und/oder der Reflexionsgrad der Verbundscheibe minimiert ist. The object of the present invention is to provide an improved laminated pane with a hologram element, in particular for a head-up display, in which the occurrence of undesirable ghost images and/or the degree of reflection of the laminated pane is minimized.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung wird durch eine Verbundscheibe gemäß dem unabhängigen Anspruch 1 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausführungen gehen aus den Unteransprüchen hervor. Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe und deren Verwendung gehen aus weiteren unabhängigen Ansprüchen hervor. The object of the present invention is solved by a laminated pane according to independent claim 1 . Preferred embodiments emerge from the dependent claims. A method for producing a composite pane according to the invention and its use emerge from further independent claims.
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Verbundscheibe mindestens umfassend eine Außenscheibe mit einer außenseitigen Oberfläche und einer innenraumseitigen Oberfläche, eine Innenscheibe mit einer außenseitigen Oberfläche und einer innenraumseitigen Oberfläche, eine erste Zwischenschicht und ein Hologrammelement mit mindestens einem Hologramm. The invention relates to a laminated pane at least comprising an outer pane with an outside surface and an inside surface, an inner pane with an outside surface and an inside surface, a first intermediate layer and a hologram element with at least one hologram.
Die erste Zwischenschicht ist zwischen der Außenscheibe und der Innenscheibe angeordnet und das Hologrammelement ist zwischen der Außenscheibe und der ersten Zwischenschicht oder zwischen der Innenscheibe und der ersten Zwischenschicht angeordnet. Erfindungsgemäß ist auf der innenraumseitigen Oberfläche der Innenscheibe eine Antireflexionsbeschichtung angeordnet. The first intermediate layer is arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane and the hologram element is arranged between the outer pane and the first intermediate layer or between the inner pane and the first intermediate layer. According to the invention, an antireflection coating is arranged on the interior-side surface of the inner pane.
Die Außenscheibe und die Innenscheibe weisen jeweils eine außenseitige Oberfläche, d.h. eine Außenfläche, und eine innenraumseitige Oberfläche, d.h. eine Innenfläche, auf und eine dazwischen verlaufende, umlaufende Seitenkante. Mit außenseitiger Oberfläche wird im Sinne der Erfindung diejenige Hauptfläche bezeichnet, welche dafür vorgesehen ist, in Einbaulage der äußeren Umgebung zugewandt zu sein. Mit innenraumseitiger Oberfläche wird im Sinne der Erfindung diejenige Hauptfläche bezeichnet, welche dafür vorgesehen ist, in Einbaulage dem Innenraum zugewandt zu sein. Die innenraumseitige Oberfläche der Außenscheibe und die außenseitige Oberfläche der Innenscheibe sind in der erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe einander zugewandt. The outer pane and the inner pane each have an outside surface, i.e. an outer surface, and an interior surface, i.e. an inner surface, and a peripheral side edge extending therebetween. Within the meaning of the invention, the outside surface designates that main surface which is intended to face the external environment in the installed position. Within the meaning of the invention, the interior-side surface designates that main surface which is intended to face the interior in the installed position. The interior surface of the outer pane and the outside surface of the inner pane face each other in the laminated pane according to the invention.
Die Oberflächen der Glasscheiben werden typischerweise wie folgt bezeichnet: The surfaces of the glass panes are typically designated as follows:
Die außenseitige Oberfläche der Außenscheibe wird als Seite I bezeichnet. Die innenraumseitige Oberfläche der Außenscheibe wird als Seite II bezeichnet. Die außenseitige Oberfläche der Innenscheibe wird als Seite III bezeichnet. Die innenraumseitige Oberfläche der Innenscheibe wird als Seite IV bezeichnet. The outside surface of the outer pane is referred to as side I. The surface of the outer pane on the interior side is referred to as side II. The outside surface of the inner pane is referred to as Side III. The interior side surface of the inner pane is referred to as side IV.
Ist die Verbundscheibe dafür vorgesehen, in einer Fensteröffnung eines Fahrzeugs oder eines Gebäudes einen Innenraum gegenüber der äußeren Umgebung abzutrennen, so wird mit Innenscheibe im Sinne der Erfindung die dem Innenraum (Fahrzeuginnenraum) zugewandte Scheibe bezeichnet. Mit Außenscheibe wird die der äußeren Umgebung zugewandte Scheibe bezeichnet. If the laminated pane is intended to separate an interior from the outside environment in a window opening of a vehicle or a building, the inner pane in the context of the invention refers to the pane facing the interior (vehicle interior). The outer pane refers to the pane facing the outside environment.
Das Hologrammelement bezeichnet das holographische Medium, in dem das Hologramm enthalten ist. Das Hologrammelement umfasst ein photosensitives Material, d.h. ein holographisches Material. In diesem kann durch Belichtung mit einer geeigneten Lichtquelle ein Hologramm aufgezeichnet werden. In der fertigen Verbundscheibe ist das Material des Hologrammelements nicht mehr lichtempfindlich, da das holographische Material während des Prozesses soweit verändert wird, dass keine weitere Aufzeichnung eines Hologramms mehr möglich ist. Das Hologrammelement umfasst ein holographisches Material und kann zusätzlich optional eine erste Substratschicht und/oder eine zweite Substratschicht umfassen. Dem Fachmann sind geeignete holographische Materialien bekannt. Geeignete erste und zweite Substratschichten sind dem Fachmann ebenfalls bekannt. The hologram element refers to the holographic medium in which the hologram is contained. The hologram element comprises a photosensitive material, ie a holographic material. A hologram can be recorded in this by exposure to a suitable light source. In the finished laminated pane, the material of the hologram element is no longer sensitive to light, since the holographic material is changed so much during the process that it is no longer possible to record a hologram. The hologram element comprises a holographic material and can additionally optionally comprise a first substrate layer and/or a second substrate layer. Suitable holographic materials are known to those skilled in the art. Suitable first and second substrate layers are also known to those skilled in the art.
Bevorzugt umfasst das Hologrammelement als holographisches Material ein Photopolymer, Dichromatgelatine oder Silberhalogenid-Gelatine, besonders bevorzugt ein Photopolymer. The hologram element preferably comprises a photopolymer, dichromated gelatin or silver halide gelatin as holographic material, particularly preferably a photopolymer.
Silberhalogenide oder Dichromate werden in der Regel in einer Matrix aus Gelatine eingesetzt, die zunächst üblicherweise bei Raumtemperatur angetrocknet wird, bevor ein Hologramm durch Belichtung aufgezeichnet werden kann. Silver halides or dichromates are generally used in a gelatine matrix, which is usually initially dried at room temperature before a hologram can be recorded by exposure.
In einer Ausführungsform ist das holographische Material als eine Beschichtung der innenraumseitigen Oberfläche der Außenscheibe oder als eine Beschichtung der außenseitigen Oberfläche der Innenscheibe ausgebildet. In one embodiment, the holographic material is formed as a coating on the interior-side surface of the outer pane or as a coating on the outside surface of the inner pane.
Die Verbundscheibe kann zusätzlich eine zweite Zwischenschicht umfassen. In dieser Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe ist das Hologrammelement zwischen der ersten Zwischenschicht und der Innenscheibe angeordnet und die zusätzliche zweite Zwischenschicht ist zwischen der Innenscheibe und dem Hologrammelement angeordnet. The laminated pane can additionally comprise a second intermediate layer. In this embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention, the hologram element is arranged between the first intermediate layer and the inner pane and the additional second intermediate layer is arranged between the inner pane and the hologram element.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform umfasst das Hologrammelement ein holographisches Material, eine erste Substratschicht und eine zweite Substratschicht, wobei das holographische Material zwischen der ersten Zwischenschicht und der Innenscheibe angeordnet ist, zwischen dem holographischen Material und der Innenscheibe eine zweite Zwischenschicht angeordnet ist, zwischen dem holographischen Material und der ersten Zwischenschicht die erste Substratschicht angeordnet ist und zwischen dem holographischen Material und der zweiten Zwischenschicht die zweite Substratschicht angeordnet ist. Das holographische Material ist folglich in dieser Ausführungsform zwischen einer ersten Substratschicht und einer zweiten Substratschicht angeordnet. In a preferred embodiment, the hologram element comprises a holographic material, a first substrate layer and a second substrate layer, the holographic material being arranged between the first intermediate layer and the inner pane, a second intermediate layer being arranged between the holographic material and the inner pane, between the holographic material and the first intermediate layer is arranged the first substrate layer and between the holographic material and the second intermediate layer the second substrate layer is arranged. In this embodiment, the holographic material is consequently arranged between a first substrate layer and a second substrate layer.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform umfasst das Hologrammelement eine erste Substratschicht und ein holographisches Material. Auch in dieser Ausführungsform kann die Verbundscheibe optional eine zweite Zwischenschicht umfassen. Bei Vorhandensein einer zweiten Zwischenschicht ist diese zwischen der Innenscheibe und dem Hologrammelement angeordnet und die erste Zwischenschicht ist zwischen der Außenscheibe und dem Hologrammelement angeordnet. In a further embodiment, the hologram element comprises a first substrate layer and a holographic material. In this embodiment too, the laminated pane can optionally comprise a second intermediate layer. If a second intermediate layer is present, this is arranged between the inner pane and the hologram element and the first intermediate layer is arranged between the outer pane and the hologram element.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform umfasst das Hologrammelement eine zweite Substratschicht und ein holographisches Material. In a further embodiment, the hologram element comprises a second substrate layer and a holographic material.
Die erste Zwischenschicht ist bevorzugt eine thermoplastische Zwischenschicht, eine Klebeschicht oder ein optisch klarer Kleber (OCA, optically clear adhesive). The first intermediate layer is preferably a thermoplastic intermediate layer, an adhesive layer or an optically clear adhesive (OCA).
Die zweite Zwischenschicht ist bevorzugt eine thermoplastische Zwischenschicht, eine Klebeschicht oder ein optisch klarer Kleber (OCA, optically clear adhesive). The second intermediate layer is preferably a thermoplastic intermediate layer, an adhesive layer or an optically clear adhesive (OCA).
Ein optisch klarer Kleber zeichnet sich durch eine hohe Lichttransmission, eine geringe Trübung, keine doppelte Lichtbrechung, hohe UV-Beständigkeit und gute Alterungsbeständigkeit aus. Unkontrollierte und daher unerwünschte Beeinträchtigungen der Lichttransmission oder unästhetische Verwerfungen können dadurch vermieden werden. An optically clear adhesive is characterized by high light transmission, low turbidity, no double refraction, high UV resistance and good aging resistance. Uncontrolled and therefore undesirable impairments in light transmission or unaesthetic distortions can be avoided in this way.
Die Klebeschicht weist bevorzugt eine Absorption im sichtbaren Spektral be re ich von kleiner als 5%, insbesondere kleiner als 2% oder sogar 1% auf und bevorzugt eine Trübung von kleiner als 5%, insbesondere kleiner als 2% oder sogar kleiner als 1 %. The adhesive layer preferably has an absorption in the visible spectral range of less than 5%, in particular less than 2% or even 1% and preferably a turbidity of less than 5%, in particular less than 2% or even less than 1%.
Die Klebeschicht ist bevorzugt als homogene Schicht ausgebildet. The adhesive layer is preferably designed as a homogeneous layer.
Die Klebeschicht weist bevorzugt eine Dicke von 20 pm bis 200 pm auf, besonders bevorzugt von 50 pm bis 150 pm, ganz besonders bevorzugt von 60 pm bis 100 pm. Damit werden gute optische Eigenschaften erzielt. Zudem sind Klebeschichten mit diesen Dicken kommerziell als Klebstoff-Filme erhältlich. Der Klebstoff der Klebeschicht kann alternativ auch als flüssiger Kleber eingesetzt werden. The adhesive layer preferably has a thickness of from 20 μm to 200 μm, particularly preferably from 50 μm to 150 μm, very particularly preferably from 60 μm to 100 μm. This achieves good optical properties. In addition, adhesive layers with these thicknesses are commercially available as adhesive films. Alternatively, the adhesive of the adhesive layer can also be used as a liquid adhesive.
Der Klebstoff der Klebeschicht ist bevorzugt ein chemisch wirkender, insbesondere chemisch härtender Klebstoff oder UV-härtender, besonders bevorzugt ein Acrylat-Klebstoff oder ein Silikon-basierter Klebstoff. Die erste Substratschicht enthält beispielsweise Polyamid (PA), Cellulosetriacetat (TAC) und/oder Polyethylenterephthalat (PET). Die erste Substratschicht ist beispielsweise 35 pm (Mikrometer) bis 60 pm dick. The adhesive of the adhesive layer is preferably a chemically active, in particular chemically curing adhesive or UV-curing, particularly preferably an acrylate adhesive or a silicone-based adhesive. The first substrate layer contains, for example, polyamide (PA), cellulose triacetate (TAC) and/or polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The first substrate layer is, for example, 35 pm (microns) to 60 pm thick.
Die zweite Substratschicht enthält beispielsweise Polyamid (PA), Cellulosetriacetat (TAC) und/oder Polyethylenterephthalat (PET). Die zweite Substratschicht ist beispielsweise 35 pm (Mikrometer) bis 60 pm dick. The second substrate layer contains, for example, polyamide (PA), cellulose triacetate (TAC) and/or polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The second substrate layer is, for example, 35 µm (microns) to 60 µm thick.
Wie oben beschrieben umfasst das holographische Material in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ein Photopolymer. Das Photopolymer ist beispielsweise 10 pm bis 100 pm, beispielsweise 16 pm, dick. Dem Fachmann sind geeignete Photopolymere bekannt. Das Photopolymer umfasst bevorzugt vernetztes Polyurethan (PU). Alternativ kann auch ein flüssiges Photopolymer eingesetzt werden. As described above, in a preferred embodiment, the holographic material comprises a photopolymer. The photopolymer is for example 10 µm to 100 µm thick, for example 16 µm. Suitable photopolymers are known to those skilled in the art. The photopolymer preferably comprises crosslinked polyurethane (PU). Alternatively, a liquid photopolymer can also be used.
Die Antireflexionsbeschichtung kann grundsätzlich auf verschiedene Weisen ausgestaltet sein. So sind beispielsweise Antireflexionsbeschichtungen aus porösen Siliziumdioxidschichten bekannt. In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung ist die Antireflexionsbeschichtung aber aus alternierend angeordneten Schichten mit unterschiedlichen Brechungsindizes gebildet, die aufgrund von Interferenzeffekten zu einer Verminderung der Reflexion an der beschichteten Oberfläche führen. Solche Beschichtungen sind sehr effektiv und lassen sich durch die Wahl der Materialien und Schichtdicken der Einzelschichten gut auf die Erfordernisse im Einzelfall optimieren. In principle, the antireflection coating can be designed in different ways. For example, antireflection coatings made of porous silicon dioxide layers are known. In a preferred embodiment, however, the antireflection coating is formed from alternating layers with different refractive indices, which lead to a reduction in reflection at the coated surface due to interference effects. Such coatings are very effective and can be easily optimized to meet individual requirements by selecting the materials and layer thicknesses of the individual layers.
Die Antireflexionsbeschichtung ist in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens auf Basis von nanoporösem Siliziumoxid ausgebildet. Eine solche Antireflexionsbeschichtung kann beispielsweise wie in der WO 2021/156023 A1 beschrieben ausgebildet sein. In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the antireflection coating is formed on the basis of nanoporous silicon oxide. Such an antireflection coating can be configured, for example, as described in WO 2021/156023 A1.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Antireflexionsbeschichtung aus alternierend angeordneten Schichten mit unterschiedlichen Brechungsindizes gebildet. Die Antireflexionsbeschichtung umfasst bevorzugt mindestens zwei optisch hochbrechende Schichten, insbesondere mit einem Brechungsindex größer 1 ,8, und zwei optisch niedrigbrechende Schichten, insbesondere mit einem Brechungsindex kleiner 1 ,8. Ausgehend vom Substrat, d.h. von der innenraumseitigen Oberfläche der Innenscheibe, ist dabei zunächst eine erste hochbrechende Schicht, darüber eine erste niedrigbrechende Schicht, darüber eine zweite hochbrechende Schicht und darüber eine zweite niedrigbrechende Schicht angeordnet. Die hochbrechenden Schichten können beispielsweise auf Basis von Siliziumnitrid, Zink-Zinn-Oxid, Silizium-Zirkonium-Nitrid oder Titanoxid ausgebildet sein, die niedrigbrechenden Schichten beispielsweise auf Basis von Siliziumdioxid oder Magnesiumfluorid. In a further preferred embodiment, the anti-reflection coating is formed from alternatingly arranged layers with different refractive indices. The antireflection coating preferably comprises at least two optically high refractive layers, in particular with a refractive index greater than 1.8, and two optically low refractive layers, in particular with a refractive index less than 1.8. Starting from the substrate, ie from the interior-side surface of the inner pane, there is firstly a first high-index layer, above that a first low-index layer, above that a second high-index layer and above that a second low-index layer. The high-index layers can be based on silicon nitride, zinc tin oxide, silicon zirconium nitride or titanium oxide, for example, and the low-index layers can be based on silicon dioxide or magnesium fluoride, for example.
Brechungsindizes sind im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung grundsätzlich bezogen auf eine Wellenlänge von 550 nm angegeben. Methoden zur Bestimmung von Brechungsindizes sind dem Fachmann bekannt. Die im Rahmen der Erfindung angegebenen Brechungsindizes sind beispielsweise mittels Ellipsometrie bestimmbar, wobei kommerziell erhältliche Ellipsometer eingesetzt werden können. In the context of the present invention, refractive indices are generally given in relation to a wavelength of 550 nm. Methods for determining refractive indices are known to those skilled in the art. The refractive indices specified within the scope of the invention can be determined, for example, by means of ellipsometry, with commercially available ellipsometers being able to be used.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Antireflexionsbeschichtung ausgehend von der innenraumseitigen Oberfläche der Innenscheibe aus einer 19 nm dicken Siliziumnitridschicht, einer darauf angeordneten 23 nm dicken Siliziumdioxidschicht, einer darauf angeordneten einer 114 nm dicken Zink-Zinn-Oxid-Schicht und einer darauf angeordneten 97 nm dicken Siliziumdioxidschicht ausgebildet. In einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Antireflexionsbeschichtung ausgehend von der innenraumseitigen Oberfläche der Innenscheibe aus einer 13 nm dicken Siliziumnitridschicht, einer darauf angeordneten 29 nm dicken Siliziumdioxidschicht, einer darauf angeordneten 94 nm dicken Siliziumnitridschicht und einer darauf angeordneten 89 nm dicken Siliziumdioxidschicht ausgebildet. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the anti-reflection coating, starting from the interior surface of the inner pane, consists of a 19 nm thick silicon nitride layer, a 23 nm thick silicon dioxide layer arranged thereon, a 114 nm thick zinc-tin oxide layer arranged thereon and a 97 nm layer arranged thereon thick silicon dioxide layer formed. In a further particularly preferred embodiment, the anti-reflection coating is formed, starting from the interior surface of the inner pane, from a 13 nm thick silicon nitride layer, a 29 nm thick silicon dioxide layer arranged thereon, a 94 nm thick silicon nitride layer arranged thereon and an 89 nm thick silicon dioxide layer arranged thereon.
In einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform umfasst die Antireflexionsbeschichtung ausgehend von der innenraumseitigen Oberfläche der Innenscheibe genau eine hochbrechende Schicht und genau eine niedrigbrechende Schicht, wobei die hochbrechende Schicht einen Brechungsindex größer 1 ,9 und eine Dicke von höchstens 40 nm, bevorzugt von höchstens 30 nm, besonders bevorzugt von höchstens 20 nm, ganz besonders bevorzugt von höchstens 15 nm, aufweist und die niedrigbrechende Schicht einen Brechungsindex kleiner 1 ,6 und eine Dicke von höchstens 60 nm, bevorzugt von höchstens 50 nm, besonders bevorzugt von höchstens 40 nm, ganz besonders bevorzugt von höchstens 30 nm, aufweist. In dieser Ausführungsform ist die hochbrechende Schicht bevorzugt auf Basis von Siliziumnitrid, Zinn-Zink-Oxid, Silizium-Zirkonium-Nitrid, Silizium- Titan-Nitrid, Silizium-Hafnium-Nitrid oder Titanoxid ausgebildet, besonders bevorzugt auf Basis von Silizium-Zirkonium-Nitrid oder Titanoxid, und die niedrigbrechende Schicht bevorzugt auf Basis von Siliziumdioxid oder dotiertem Siliziumoxid ausgebildet. In a further particularly preferred embodiment, the anti-reflection coating, starting from the interior-side surface of the inner pane, comprises exactly one high-index layer and exactly one low-index layer, the high-index layer having a refractive index greater than 1.9 and a thickness of at most 40 nm, preferably at most 30 nm. particularly preferably not more than 20 nm, very particularly preferably not more than 15 nm, and the low-index layer has a refractive index of less than 1.6 and a thickness of not more than 60 nm, preferably not more than 50 nm, particularly preferably not more than 40 nm, very particularly preferably of at most 30 nm. In this embodiment, the high-index layer is preferably formed on the basis of silicon nitride, tin-zinc oxide, silicon-zirconium nitride, silicon-titanium nitride, silicon-hafnium nitride or titanium oxide, particularly preferably Based on silicon zirconium nitride or titanium oxide, and the low-index layer is preferably formed based on silicon dioxide or doped silicon oxide.
Optional kann auf der Antireflexionsbeschichtung eine Schutzschicht aufgebracht werden. Die Schutzschicht ist vorzugsweise transparent und flächig, insbesondere deckungsgleich, auf der Antireflexionsbeschichtung aufgebracht. Die Schutzschicht ist vorzugsweise ein Polymer auf Basis von Polyacrylaten, Polyoximen, Alkydharzen, Polyurethanen oder Mischungen davon. Die Schutzschicht hat vorzugsweise eine Dicke von 50 nm bis 10 pm und besonders bevorzugt von 100 nm bis 5 pm. Optionally, a protective layer can be applied to the anti-reflection coating. The protective layer is preferably applied transparently and areally, in particular congruently, to the antireflection coating. The protective layer is preferably a polymer based on polyacrylates, polyoximes, alkyd resins, polyurethanes or mixtures thereof. The protective layer preferably has a thickness of 50 nm to 10 μm and particularly preferably 100 nm to 5 μm.
Die Schutzschicht schützt die Antireflexionsbeschichtung vor mechanischer Beschädigung wie beispielsweise Verkratzungen. Sie kann außerdem dazu dienen, die Haltbarkeit der Antireflexionsbeschichtung zu erhöhen. The protective layer protects the anti-reflective coating from mechanical damage such as scratches. It can also serve to increase the durability of the anti-reflective coating.
In einer Ausführungsform ist in der erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe zwischen der Außenscheibe und dem holographischen Material eine UV-Schutzschicht angeordnet. Eine solche UV-Schutzschicht verhindert durch UV-Strahlung von außen hervorgerufene Alterungsprozesse der in dem holographischen Material aufgezeichneten Hologrammen. In one embodiment, a UV protection layer is arranged in the laminated pane according to the invention between the outer pane and the holographic material. Such a UV protection layer prevents aging processes of the holograms recorded in the holographic material caused by UV radiation from the outside.
Die Außenscheibe und die Innenscheibe sind aus Glas gefertigt, besonders bevorzugt aus Kalk-Natron-Glas, wie es für Fensterscheiben üblich ist. Die Außenscheibe und die Innenscheibe können aber auch aus anderen Glassorten gefertigt sein, beispielsweise Quarzglas, Borosilikatglas oder Alumino-Sililat-Glas, oder aus starren klaren Kunststoffen, beispielsweise Polycarbonat oder Polymethylmethacrylat. Die Außenscheibe und die Innenscheibe können unabhängig voneinander klar sein, oder auch getönt oder gefärbt. Als Windschutzscheiben ausgebildete Verbundscheiben müssen dabei im zentralen Sichtbereich eine ausreichende Lichttransmission aufweisen, bevorzugt mindestens 70 % im Haupt- Durchsichtbereich A gemäß ECE-R43. Die Außenscheibe und die Innenscheibe sind bevorzugt gebogen, das heißt sie weisen eine Krümmung auf. The outer pane and the inner pane are made of glass, particularly preferably of soda-lime glass, as is customary for window panes. However, the outer pane and the inner pane can also be made from other types of glass, for example quartz glass, borosilicate glass or alumino-silicate glass, or from rigid, clear plastics, for example polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate. The outer pane and the inner pane can be clear, independently of one another, or else tinted or tinted. Composite panes designed as windshields must have sufficient light transmission in the central viewing area, preferably at least 70% in the main viewing area A in accordance with ECE-R43. The outer pane and the inner pane are preferably curved, ie they have a curvature.
Die Außenscheibe und/oder die Innenscheibe können geeignete, an sich bekannte Beschichtungen aufweisen, beispielsweise Antihaftbeschichtungen, Antikratzbeschichtungen, heizbare Beschichtungen, Sonnenschutzbeschichtungen oder Low-E- Beschichtungen. Eine als eine thermoplastische Zwischenschicht ausgebildete erste Zwischenschicht oder zweite Zwischenschicht enthält bevorzugt zumindest Polyvinylbutyral (PVB), Ethylenvinylacetat (EVA), Polyurethan (PU) oder Copolymere oder Derivate davon oder besteht daraus, besonders bevorzugt Polyvinylbutyral (PVB), ganz besonders bevorzugt Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) und dem Fachmann bekannte Additive wie beispielsweise Weichmacher. The outer pane and/or the inner pane can have suitable coatings known per se, for example non-stick coatings, anti-scratch coatings, heatable coatings, sun protection coatings or low-E coatings. A first intermediate layer or second intermediate layer designed as a thermoplastic intermediate layer preferably contains at least polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyurethane (PU) or copolymers or derivatives thereof or consists of them, particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), very particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB ) and additives known to those skilled in the art, such as plasticizers.
Bevorzugt enthält eine als thermoplastische Zwischenschicht ausgebildete erste Zwischenschicht oder zweite Zwischenschicht mindestens 60 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt mindestens 70 Gew.-%, insbesondere mindestens 90 Gew.-% und beispielsweise mindestens 97 Gew.-% Polyvinylbutyral. A first intermediate layer or second intermediate layer designed as a thermoplastic intermediate layer preferably contains at least 60% by weight, particularly preferably at least 70% by weight, in particular at least 90% by weight and for example at least 97% by weight, of polyvinyl butyral.
Eine als thermoplastische Zwischenschicht ausgebildete erste Zwischenschicht kann durch eine einzelne Folie ausgebildet sein oder auch durch mehr als eine Folie. A first intermediate layer designed as a thermoplastic intermediate layer can be formed by a single film or by more than one film.
Eine als thermoplastische Zwischenschicht ausgebildete zweite Zwischenschicht kann ebenfalls durch eine einzelne Folie ausgebildet sein oder auch durch mehr als eine Folie. A second intermediate layer designed as a thermoplastic intermediate layer can also be formed by a single film or by more than one film.
Die erste Zwischenschicht und sofern vorhanden die zweite Zwischenschicht können unabhängig voneinander auch eine funktionale Zwischenschicht sein, insbesondere eine Zwischenschicht mit akustisch dämpfenden Eigenschaften, eine Infrarotstrahlung reflektierende Zwischenschicht, eine Infrarotstrahlung absorbierende Zwischenschicht, eine UV-Strahlung absorbierende Zwischenschicht, eine zumindest abschnittsweise gefärbte Zwischenschicht und/oder eine zumindest abschnittsweise getönte Zwischenschicht. So können die erste Zwischenschicht und sofern vorhanden die zweite Zwischenschicht unabhängig voneinander beispielsweise auch eine Bandfilterfolie sein. The first intermediate layer and, if present, the second intermediate layer can, independently of one another, also be a functional intermediate layer, in particular an intermediate layer with acoustically dampening properties, an intermediate layer which reflects infrared radiation, an intermediate layer which absorbs infrared radiation, an intermediate layer which absorbs UV radiation, an intermediate layer which is colored at least in sections and/or or an intermediate layer that is tinted at least in sections. Thus, the first intermediate layer and, if present, the second intermediate layer can also be, for example, a band filter film independently of one another.
Die Dicke einer als thermoplastische Zwischenschicht ausgebildeten ersten Zwischenschicht oder zweiten Zwischenschicht liegt zwischen 30 pm bis 1500 pm, bevorzugt zwischen 50 pm und 780 pm, bevorzugt zwischen 380 pm und 760 pm. The thickness of a first intermediate layer or second intermediate layer designed as a thermoplastic intermediate layer is between 30 μm and 1500 μm, preferably between 50 μm and 780 μm, preferably between 380 μm and 760 μm.
Das Hologrammelement hat bevorzugt eine Dicke von 5 pm bis 500 pm, bevorzugt von 10 pm bis 200 pm und besonders bevorzugt von 15 pm bis 150 pm. Die Dicke der Außenscheibe und der Innenscheibe kann breit variieren und so den Erfordernissen im Einzelfall angepasst werden. Die Außenscheibe und die Innenscheibe weisen bevorzugt Dicken von 0,5 mm bis 5 mm, besonders bevorzugt von 1 mm bis 3 mm auf. The hologram element preferably has a thickness of 5 μm to 500 μm, preferably 10 μm to 200 μm and particularly preferably 15 μm to 150 μm. The thickness of the outer pane and the inner pane can vary widely and can thus be adapted to the requirements of the individual case. The outer pane and the inner pane are preferably 0.5 mm to 5 mm thick, particularly preferably 1 mm to 3 mm thick.
Die erfindungsgemäße Verbundscheibe kann eine oder mehrere zusätzliche Zwischenschichten, insbesondere funktionale Zwischenschichten, umfassen. Bei einer zusätzlichen Zwischenschicht kann es sich insbesondere um eine Zwischenschicht mit akustisch dämpfenden Eigenschaften, eine Infrarotstrahlung reflektierende Zwischenschicht, eine Infrarotstrahlung absorbierende Zwischenschicht eine zumindest abschnittsweise gefärbte Zwischenschicht und/oder eine zumindest abschnittsweise getönte Zwischenschicht handeln. Beim Vorhandensein mehrerer zusätzlicher Zwischenschichten können diese auch unterschiedliche Funktionen aufweisen. The laminated pane according to the invention can comprise one or more additional intermediate layers, in particular functional intermediate layers. An additional intermediate layer can in particular be an intermediate layer with acoustically dampening properties, an intermediate layer reflecting infrared radiation, an intermediate layer absorbing infrared radiation, an intermediate layer colored at least in sections and/or an intermediate layer tinted at least in sections. If several additional intermediate layers are present, these can also have different functions.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Verbundscheibe kann zusätzlich einen Abdeckdruck, insbesondere aus einer dunklen, bevorzugt schwarzen, Emaille umfassen. Bei dem Abdeckdruck handelt es sich insbesondere um einen peripheren, d.h. rahmenartigen, Abdeckdruck. Der periphere Abdeckdruck dient in erster Linie als UV-Schutz für den Montagekleber der Verbundscheibe. Der Abdeckdruck kann opak und vollflächig ausgebildet sein. Der Abdeckdruck kann zumindest abschnittsweise auch semitransparent, beispielsweise als Punktraster, Streifenraster oder kariertes Raster ausgebildet sein. Alternativ kann der Abdeckdruck auch einen Gradienten aufweisen, beispielsweise von einer opaken Bedeckung zu einer semitransparenten Bedeckung. A laminated pane according to the invention can additionally include a cover print, in particular made of a dark, preferably black, enamel. The masking print is in particular a peripheral, i.e. frame-like, masking print. The peripheral masking print primarily serves as UV protection for the assembly adhesive of the laminated pane. The cover print can be opaque and full-surface. The cover print can also be semi-transparent, at least in sections, for example as a dot grid, stripe grid or checkered grid. Alternatively, the covering print can also have a gradient, for example from an opaque covering to a semi-transparent covering.
Das Hologrammelement reicht bevorzugt nicht bis zur Scheibenkante, während die erste Zwischenschicht bis zur Scheibenkante reicht. In dieser Ausführungsform wird das Hologrammelement in der Verbundscheibe an seiner umlaufenden Kante durch die erste Zwischenschicht oder weitere dort angeordnete Schichten versiegelt und so vor äußeren Einflüssen wie Feuchtigkeit und Reinigungsmitteln geschützt. The hologram element preferably does not reach the edge of the pane, while the first intermediate layer extends to the edge of the pane. In this embodiment, the hologram element in the laminated pane is sealed at its peripheral edge by the first intermediate layer or other layers arranged there and is thus protected from external influences such as moisture and cleaning agents.
Bevorzugt ist, wenn das Hologrammelement nicht vollflächig auf der Scheibe angeordnet ist, rahmenförmig um das Hologrammelement herum eine Sperrfolie mit einem Ausschnitt angeordnet. Der Ausschnitt entspricht dem Bereich, in dem das Hologrammelement angeordnet ist. Das Hologrammelement ist innerhalb dieses Ausschnitts angeordnet und füllt diesen vollständig aus. Die Sperrfolie hat die Form eines umlaufenden Rahmens und steht in unmittelbarem Kontakt zur umlaufenden Kante des Hologrammelements. Das Hologrammelement und die Sperrfolie liegen somit in der gleichen Ebene und berühren sich entlang ihrer Kanten, wobei ihre Kontaktfläche sich im Wesentlichen orthogonal zu den Scheibenflächen der Verbundscheibe verhält. Die Sperrfolie in Form eines umlaufenden Rahmens gleicht in der erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe einen lokalen Dickenunterschied zwischen dem Bereich mit Hologrammelement und dem umgebenden Bereich aus. Die Sperrfolie ist erfindungsgemäß nicht überlappend mit dem Hologrammelement, sondern lediglich in dessen unmittelbarer Nachbarschaft angrenzend an die umlaufende Kante des Hologrammelementes angebracht, wodurch diese Kompensation von Dickenunterschieden möglich wird. Die Verbundscheibe mit Hologrammelement weist demnach nicht nur eine verbesserte Alterungsbeständigkeit, sondern auch eine verbesserte Haltbarkeit durch Minimierung von Spannungen sowie Glasbruch auf. If the hologram element is not arranged over the entire surface of the pane, a blocking film with a cutout is preferably arranged in the form of a frame around the hologram element. The section corresponds to the area in which the hologram element is arranged. The hologram element is arranged within this section and completely fills it out. The barrier film has the shape of a surrounding frame and stands in direct contact with the peripheral edge of the hologram element. The hologram element and the barrier film are thus in the same plane and touch each other along their edges, with their contact surface being essentially orthogonal to the pane surfaces of the laminated pane. In the laminated pane according to the invention, the blocking film in the form of a peripheral frame compensates for a local difference in thickness between the area with the hologram element and the surrounding area. According to the invention, the blocking film does not overlap the hologram element, but rather is only attached in its immediate vicinity adjacent to the peripheral edge of the hologram element, which makes it possible to compensate for differences in thickness. Accordingly, the laminated pane with a hologram element not only has improved resistance to aging, but also improved durability by minimizing stresses and glass breakage.
Die Sperrfolie ist bevorzugt eine Polymerschicht und enthält bevorzugt Polyvinylbutyral (PVB), Polyethylenterephthalat (PET), Polyamid (PA), Polyethylen (PE), Polymethylmethacrylat (PMMA), Polycarbonat (PC), Polyvinylchlorid (PVC), Cellulosetriacetat (TAC) oder besteht im Wesentlichen daraus. The barrier film is preferably a polymer layer and preferably contains or consists of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide (PA), polyethylene (PE), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), cellulose triacetate (TAC). essentially from it.
Die erfindungsgemäße Verbundscheibe ist bevorzugt in einer oder in mehreren Richtungen des Raumes gebogen, wie es für Kraftfahrzeugscheiben üblich ist, wobei typische Krümmungsradien im Bereich von etwa 10 cm bis etwa 40 m liegen. Das Verbundglas kann aber auch plan sein, beispielsweise wenn es als Scheibe für Busse, Züge oder Traktoren vorgesehen ist. The laminated pane according to the invention is preferably curved in one or more spatial directions, as is customary for motor vehicle panes, with typical radii of curvature being in the range from about 10 cm to about 40 m. However, the laminated glass can also be flat, for example if it is intended as a pane for buses, trains or tractors.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Verbundscheibe weist eine Oberkante und eine Unterkante auf sowie zwei zwischen Oberkante und Unterkante verlaufende Seitenkanten auf. Mit Oberkante wird diejenige Kante bezeichnet, welche dafür vorgesehen ist, in Einbaulage nach oben zu weisen. Mit Unterkante wird diejenige Kante bezeichnet, welche dafür vorgesehen ist, in Einbaulage nach unten zu weisen. Die Oberkante wird häufig auch als Dachkante und die Unterkante als Motorkante bezeichnet. A laminated pane according to the invention has an upper edge and a lower edge as well as two side edges running between the upper edge and the lower edge. The top edge designates that edge which is intended to point upwards in the installation position. The lower edge designates that edge which is intended to point downwards in the installation position. The upper edge is often referred to as the roof edge and the lower edge as the engine edge.
Als Windschutzscheiben ausgebildete Verbundscheiben weisen ein zentrales Sichtfeld auf, an dessen optische Qualität hohe Anforderungen gestellt werden. Das zentrale Sichtfeld muss eine hohe Lichttransmission aufweisen (typischerweise größer als 70%). Das besagte zentrale Sichtfeld ist insbesondere dasjenige Sichtfeld, das vom Fachmann als Sichtfeld B, Sichtbereich B oder Zone B bezeichnet wird. Das Sichtfeld B und seine technischen Anforderungen sind in der Steuerung Nr. 43 der Wirtschaftskommission der Vereinten Nationen für Europa (LIN/ECE) (ECE-R43, „Einheitliche Bedingungen für die Genehmigung der Sicherheitsverglasungswerkstoffe und ihres Einbaus in Fahrzeuge“) festgelegt. Dort ist das Sichtfeld B in Anhang 18 definiert. Composite panes designed as windshields have a central field of vision, the optical quality of which is subject to high requirements. The central field of view must have high light transmission (typically greater than 70%). Said central field of view is in particular that field of view which the person skilled in the art calls field of view B, Field of View B or Zone B is called. Field of view B and its technical requirements are specified in United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (LIN/ECE) Control No. 43 (ECE-R43, "Uniform Conditions for the Approval of Safety Glazing Materials and Their Installation in Vehicles"). There, the field of view B is defined in Appendix 18.
Das Hologrammelement ist in einer als Windschutzscheibe ausgebildeten Verbundscheibe vorteilhafterweise innerhalb des zentralen Sichtfelds (Sichtfeld B) angeordnet. Das Hologrammelement kann, aber muss nicht den gesamten Bereich abdecken, und kann auch darüber hinausragen. Bevorzugt erstreckt sich das Hologrammelement über mindestens 30%, besonders bevorzugt über mindestens 50 %, weiterhin besonders bevorzugt über mindestens 80 % der Scheibe. Damit können sichtbare Übergänge zwischen dem Hologrammelement und einem Abschnitt ohne Hologrammelement im sichtbaren Bereich der Scheibe vermieden werden. Besonders bevorzugt wird das Hologrammelement so angeordnet, dass die umlaufende Kante des Hologrammelements im Bereich eines opaken Abdeckdrucks angeordnet ist. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass der opake Abdeckdruck den Übergang vom Hologrammelement zu der umgebenden Schicht verdeckt. Der Abdeckdruck befindet sich üblicherweise im Randbereich der Scheibe und verdeckt den Blick auf Anbauteile oder Verklebungen. Windschutzscheiben weisen typischerweise einen umlaufenden peripheren Abdeckdruck aus einer opaken Emaille auf, der insbesondere dazu dient, den zum Einbau der Scheibe verwendeten Kleber vor UV-Strahlung zu schützen und optisch zu verdecken. Dieser periphere Abdeckdruck wird bevorzugt dazu verwendet, auch die umlaufende Kante des Hologrammelements zu verdecken. Bevorzugt weist sowohl die Außenscheibe als auch die Innenscheibe der Verbundscheibe einen Abdeckdruck auf, so dass die Durchsicht im Randbereich von beiden Seiten gehindert wird. The hologram element is advantageously arranged within the central field of view (field of view B) in a composite pane designed as a windshield. The hologram element can, but does not have to, cover the entire area and can also protrude beyond it. The hologram element preferably extends over at least 30%, particularly preferably over at least 50%, further particularly preferably over at least 80% of the pane. In this way, visible transitions between the hologram element and a section without a hologram element in the visible area of the pane can be avoided. The hologram element is particularly preferably arranged in such a way that the peripheral edge of the hologram element is arranged in the area of an opaque cover print. This has the advantage that the opaque cover print covers the transition from the hologram element to the surrounding layer. The masking print is usually in the edge area of the pane and hides the view of attachments or bonding. Windshields typically have an all-round peripheral masking print made of an opaque enamel, which serves in particular to protect the adhesive used to install the windshield from UV radiation and to conceal it from view. This peripheral masking print is preferably used to also mask the peripheral edge of the hologram element. Both the outer pane and the inner pane of the laminated pane preferably have a masking print, so that the view through the edge area is prevented from both sides.
Das Hologrammelement kann auch Aussparungen oder Löcher aufweisen, etwa im Bereich sogenannter Sensorfenster oder Kamerafenster. Diese Bereiche sind dafür vorgesehen, mit Sensoren oder Kameras ausgestattet zu werden, deren Funktion durch ein Hologrammelement im Strahlengang beeinträchtigt werden könnte. The hologram element can also have recesses or holes, for example in the area of so-called sensor windows or camera windows. These areas are intended to be equipped with sensors or cameras whose function could be affected by a hologram element in the beam path.
Das Hologrammelement ist bevorzugt über die gesamte Breite und die gesamte Höhe der Verbundscheibe angeordnet, besonders bevorzugt abzüglich eines umlaufenden Randbereichs mit einer Breite von beispielsweise 5 mm bis 50 mm. Das Hologrammelement ist so vor Kontakt mit der umgebenden Atmosphäre und Korrosion geschützt. Die Breite des umlaufenden Randbereichs kann konstant sein oder variieren. The hologram element is preferably arranged over the entire width and the entire height of the laminated pane, particularly preferably minus a peripheral edge area with a width of, for example, 5 mm to 50 mm. The hologram element is thus protected from contact with the surrounding atmosphere and corrosion. The width of the surrounding edge area can be constant or vary.
Die Verbundscheibe kann beispielsweise die Windschutzscheibe oder die Dachscheibe eines Fahrzeugs oder eine andere Fahrzeugverglasung sein, beispielsweise eine Trennscheibe in einem Fahrzeug, bevorzugt in einem Schienenfahrzeug oder einem Bus. Alternativ kann die Verbundscheibe eine Architekturverglasung, beispielsweise in einer Außenfassade eines Gebäudes oder eine Trennscheibe im Innern eines Gebäudes sein. The laminated pane can be, for example, the windshield or the roof pane of a vehicle or other vehicle glazing, for example a partition pane in a vehicle, preferably in a rail vehicle or a bus. Alternatively, the laminated pane can be architectural glazing, for example in an exterior facade of a building, or a separating pane inside a building.
Die Erfindung umfasst auch eine Projektionsanordnung zur Darstellung von Informationen für einen Betrachter, mindestens umfassend eine erfindungsgemäße Verbundscheibe und einen Projektor, der von innen auf das Hologrammelement gerichtet ist. Die erfindungsgemäße Verbundscheibe kann dabei wie oben in den verschiedenen Ausführungsformen beschrieben ausgebildet sein. The invention also includes a projection arrangement for displaying information for an observer, at least comprising a laminated pane according to the invention and a projector which is directed onto the hologram element from the inside. The composite pane according to the invention can be designed as described above in the various embodiments.
Der Projektor der Projektionsanordnung sendet Licht mit Wellenlängen aus, auf die das Hologramm, bzw. bei Vorhandensein von mehr als einem Hologramm, die Hologramme des Holgrammelements ansprechen. The projector of the projection arrangement emits light with wavelengths to which the hologram or, if more than one hologram is present, the holograms of the hologram element respond.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Projektionsanordnung wird eine unerwünschte Reflexion des von dem Projektor ausgesendeten Lichts an der innenraumseitigen Oberfläche der Innenscheibe der Verbundscheibe durch die Antireflexionsbeschichtung minimiert. In the projection arrangement according to the invention, an undesired reflection of the light emitted by the projector on the interior-side surface of the inner pane of the laminated pane is minimized by the anti-reflection coating.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Verbundscheibe, wobei zumindest: a) eine Außenscheibe mit einer außenseitigen Oberfläche und einer innenraumseitigen Oberfläche, eine erste Zwischenschicht, ein Hologrammelement mit mindestens einem Hologramm und eine Innenscheibe mit einer außenseitigen Oberfläche und einer innenraumseitigen Oberfläche und einer auf der innenraumseitigen Oberfläche aufgebrachten Antireflexionsbeschichtung bereitgestellt werden, b) ein Schichtenstapel gebildet wird, in dem die erste Zwischenschicht zwischen der Außenscheibe und der Innenscheibe angeordnet ist und das Hologrammelement zwischen der Außenscheibe und der ersten Zwischenschicht oder zwischen der Innenscheibe und der ersten Zwischenschicht angeordnet ist, c) der Schichtenstapel durch Lamination verbunden wird. Das Hologrammelement kann als holographisches Material wie oben beschrieben beispielsweise Dichromatgelatine oder Silberhalogenid-Gelatine oder ein Photopolymer enthalten. The invention also relates to a method for producing a composite pane, wherein at least: a) an outer pane with an outside surface and an inside surface, a first intermediate layer, a hologram element with at least one hologram and an inner pane with an outside surface and an inside surface and a antireflection coating applied to the interior surface, b) a layer stack is formed in which the first intermediate layer is arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane and the hologram element is arranged between the outer pane and the first intermediate layer or between the inner pane and the first intermediate layer, c) the layer stack is connected by lamination. The hologram element can contain, for example, dichromated gelatin or silver halide gelatin or a photopolymer as the holographic material as described above.
In der oben beschriebenen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird die Antireflexionsbeschichtung vor dem Laminieren auf der innenraumseitigen Oberfläche der Innenscheibe aufgebracht. In the above-described embodiment of the method according to the invention, the anti-reflection coating is applied to the interior-side surface of the inner pane before lamination.
Alternativ ist es auch möglich die Antireflexionsbeschichtung erst nach der Lamination auf der innenraumseitigen Oberfläche der Innenscheibe aufzubringen, so dass zunächst in Schritt a) eine unbeschichtete Innenscheibe bereitgestellt wird. Alternatively, it is also possible to apply the antireflection coating to the interior-side surface of the inner pane only after the lamination, so that an uncoated inner pane is initially provided in step a).
Erfindungsgemäß ist somit auch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Verbundscheibe, wobei zumindest: a) eine Außenscheibe mit einer außenseitigen Oberfläche und einer innenraumseitigen Oberfläche, eine erste Zwischenschicht, ein Hologrammelement mit mindestens einem Hologramm und eine Innenscheibe mit einer außenseitigen Oberfläche und einer innenraumseitigen Oberfläche bereitgestellt werden, b) ein Schichtenstapel gebildet wird, in dem die erste Zwischenschicht zwischen der Außenscheibe und der Innenscheibe angeordnet ist und das Hologrammelement zwischen der Außenscheibe und der ersten Zwischenschicht oder zwischen der Innenscheibe und der ersten Zwischenschicht angeordnet ist, c) der Schichtenstapel durch Lamination verbunden wird, d) auf die innenraumseitige Oberfläche der Innenscheibe eine Antireflexionsbeschichtung aufgebracht wird. According to the invention is therefore also a method for producing a laminated pane, wherein at least: a) an outer pane with an outside surface and an inside surface, a first intermediate layer, a hologram element with at least one hologram and an inner pane with an outside surface and an inside surface are provided , b) a layer stack is formed in which the first intermediate layer is arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane and the hologram element is arranged between the outer pane and the first intermediate layer or between the inner pane and the first intermediate layer, c) the layer stack is connected by lamination d) an anti-reflection coating is applied to the interior-side surface of the inner pane.
Es versteht sich, dass in Schritt a) anstatt eines Hologrammelements, in welchem mindestens ein Hologramm aufgezeichnet ist, jeweils alternativ auch ein unbelichteter Hologrammelementvorläufer aus lichtempfindlichem Material bereitgestellt werden kann. Somit kann auch in Schritt b) die Bildung des Schichtenstapels und in Schritt c) die Lamination mit dem unbelichteten Hologrammelementvorläufer oder mit dem endgültigen Hologrammelement mit aufgezeichnetem Hologrammelement erfolgen. Es versteht sich, dass ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren bei Bereitstellung des unbelichteten Hologrammelementvorläufers in Schritt a) als zusätzlichen Schritt nach der Lamination des Schichtenstapels die Aufzeichnung mindestens eines Hologramms in dem Hologrammelementvorläufer umfasst. It goes without saying that in step a) instead of a hologram element in which at least one hologram is recorded, an unexposed hologram element precursor made of light-sensitive material can also be provided as an alternative. Thus, in step b) the layer stack can also be formed and in step c) the lamination with the unexposed hologram element precursor or with the final hologram element with a recorded hologram element can take place. It is understood that a method according to the invention when providing the unexposed hologram element precursor in step a) as an additional step after the lamination of Layer stack comprises recording at least one hologram in the hologram element precursor.
Die Lamination des Schichtenstapels erfolgt bevorzugt unter Einwirkung von Hitze, Vakuum und/oder Druck. Es können an sich bekannte Verfahren zur Lamination verwendet werden, beispielsweise Autoklavverfahren, Vakuumsackverfahren, Vakuumringverfahren, Kalanderverfahren, Vakuumlaminatoren oder Kombinationen davon. The layer stack is preferably laminated under the action of heat, vacuum and/or pressure. Methods known per se can be used for lamination, for example autoclave methods, vacuum bag methods, vacuum ring methods, calendering methods, vacuum laminators or combinations thereof.
Soll die Verbundscheibe gebogen sein, so werden die Außenscheibe und die Innenscheibe bevorzugt vor der Lamination einem Biegeprozess unterzogen. Bevorzugt werden die Außenscheibe und die Innenscheibe gemeinsam (d.h. zeitgleich und durch dasselbe Werkzeug) kongruent gebogen, weil dadurch die Form der Scheiben für die später erfolgende Laminierung optimal aufeinander abgestimmt sind. Typische Temperaturen für Glasbiegeprozesse betragen beispielsweise 500°C bis 700°C. If the composite pane is to be curved, the outer pane and the inner pane are preferably subjected to a bending process before lamination. The outer pane and the inner pane are preferably bent congruently together (i.e. at the same time and using the same tool), because the shape of the panes is then optimally matched to one another for the lamination that takes place later. Typical temperatures for glass bending processes are 500°C to 700°C, for example.
Eventuell vorhandene opake Abdeckdrucke, d.h. insbesondere umlaufende Schwarzdrucke im Randbereich der Scheibe, werden bevorzugt im Siebdruckverfahren aufgebracht. Any opaque cover prints that may be present, i.e. in particular black prints running around the edges of the pane, are preferably applied using the screen printing process.
Die vorstehend im Zusammenhang mit der erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe beschriebenen Ausgestaltungen gelten in gleicher Weise auch für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren. The configurations described above in connection with the composite pane according to the invention also apply in the same way to the method according to the invention.
Die Erfindung umfasst weiterhin die Verwendung einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe mit mindestens einem Hologramm als Innenverglasung oder Außenverglasung in einem Fahrzeug oder einem Gebäude, insbesondere als Fahrzeugscheibe in Fortbewegungsmitteln für den Verkehr auf dem Land, in der Luft oder zu Wasser, insbesondere in Kraftfahrzeugen und insbesondere als Windschutzscheibe, die als eine Projektionsfläche für ein Head-Up- Display dient. The invention also includes the use of a composite pane according to the invention with at least one hologram as interior glazing or exterior glazing in a vehicle or a building, in particular as a vehicle pane in means of transport for traffic on land, in the air or on water, in particular in motor vehicles and in particular as a windshield , which serves as a projection surface for a head-up display.
Die Erfindung wird anhand von Zeichnungen und Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Die Zeichnungen sind schematische Darstellungen und nicht maßstabsgetreu. Die Zeichnungen schränken die Erfindung in keiner Weise ein. Es zeigen: The invention is explained in more detail with reference to drawings and exemplary embodiments. The drawings are schematic representations and not to scale. The drawings do not limit the invention in any way. Show it:
Fig. 1 eine Draufsicht auf eine Ausgestaltung einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe 100, Fig. 2 einen Querschnitt durch die in der Fig. 1 gezeigte Ausgestaltung einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe 100, 1 shows a plan view of an embodiment of a laminated pane 100 according to the invention, Fig. 2 shows a cross section through the embodiment of a laminated pane 100 according to the invention shown in Fig. 1,
Fig. 3 einen Querschnitt durch eine weitere Ausgestaltung einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe 100, 3 shows a cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated pane 100 according to the invention,
Fig. 4 einen Querschnitt durch eine weitere Ausgestaltung einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe 100, 4 shows a cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated pane 100 according to the invention,
Fig. 5 einen Querschnitt einer Ausführungsform eines Hologrammelements, 5 shows a cross section of an embodiment of a hologram element,
Fig. 6 einen Querschnitt einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines Hologrammelements,6 shows a cross section of a further embodiment of a hologram element,
Fig. 7 einen Querschnitt einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines Hologrammelements,7 shows a cross section of a further embodiment of a hologram element,
Fig. 8 einen Querschnitt einer Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe, 8 shows a cross section of an embodiment of a laminated pane according to the invention,
Fig. 9 einen Querschnitt einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen9 shows a cross-section of another embodiment of one according to the invention
Verbundscheibe, laminated pane,
Fig. 10 einen Querschnitt einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe, und 10 shows a cross section of a further embodiment of a composite pane according to the invention, and
Fig. 11 ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens anhand eines Flussdiagramms. 11 shows an exemplary embodiment of a method according to the invention using a flowchart.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf eine Ausgestaltung einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe 100 und in der Fig. 2 ist der Querschnitt durch die in der Fig. 1 gezeigte Ausgestaltung einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe 100 entlang der Schnittlinie X-X‘ dargestellt. In der in der Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsform weist die Verbundscheibe 100 eine Oberkante O, eine Unterkante U und zwei Seitenkanten S auf. Wie in der Fig. 2 dargestellt, umfasst die Verbundscheibe 100 eine Außenscheibe 1 mit einer außenseitigen Oberfläche I und einer innenraumseitigen Oberfläche II, eine erste Zwischenschicht 3, ein Hologrammelement 4, eine Innenscheibe 2 mit einer außenseitigen Oberfläche III und einer innenraumseitigen Oberfläche IV und eine Antireflexionsbeschichtung 6. In der in der Fig. 1 und 2 gezeigten Ausführungsform ist das Hologrammelement 4 vollflächig zwischen der Außenscheibe 1 und der Innenscheibe 2 angeordnet, die erste Zwischenschicht 3 ist vollflächig zwischen der Außenscheibe 1 und dem Hologrammelement 4 angeordnet und die Antireflexionsbeschichtung 6 ist vollflächig auf der innenraumseitigen Oberfläche IV der Innenscheibe 2 angeordnet. 1 shows a plan view of an embodiment of a composite pane 100 according to the invention, and FIG. 2 shows the cross section through the embodiment of a composite pane 100 according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 along the section line X-X'. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the laminated pane 100 has an upper edge O, a lower edge U and two side edges S. As shown in Fig. 2, the laminated pane 100 comprises an outer pane 1 with an outside surface I and an inside surface II, a first intermediate layer 3, a hologram element 4, an inner pane 2 with an outside surface III and an inside surface IV and a Anti-reflection coating 6. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the hologram element 4 is arranged over the entire surface between the outer pane 1 and the inner pane 2, the first intermediate layer 3 is arranged over the entire surface between the outer pane 1 and the hologram element 4, and the anti-reflection coating 6 is arranged over the entire surface arranged on the interior-side surface IV of the inner pane 2 .
Die Außenscheibe 1 besteht beispielsweise aus Kalk-Natron-Glas und ist 2,1 mm dick. Die Innenscheibe 2 besteht beispielsweise aus Kalk-Natron-Glas und ist 1 ,6 mm dick. Die erste Zwischenschicht 3 ist in der in den Fig. 1 und 2 gezeigten Ausführungsform beispielsweise eine thermoplastische Zwischenschicht und besteht beispielsweise aus Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) und ist 0,76 mm dick. The outer pane 1 consists, for example, of soda-lime glass and is 2.1 mm thick. The inner pane 2 consists, for example, of soda-lime glass and is 1.6 mm thick. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first intermediate layer 3 is, for example, a thermoplastic intermediate layer and consists, for example, of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and is 0.76 mm thick.
Das Hologrammelement 4 ist in der in den Fig. 1 und 2 gezeigten Ausführungsform beispielsweise wie in der Fig. 5 oder 7 dargestellt ausgebildet. Ist das Hologrammelement 4 wie in der Fig. 7 dargestellt ausgebildet, so ist das Hologrammelement 4 bevorzugt so angeordnet, dass die erste Substratschicht 8 direkt benachbart zur ersten Zwischenschicht 3 angeordnet ist. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the hologram element 4 is designed, for example, as shown in FIG. 5 or 7. FIG. If the hologram element 4 is configured as shown in FIG. 7 , the hologram element 4 is preferably arranged in such a way that the first substrate layer 8 is arranged directly adjacent to the first intermediate layer 3 .
In der Fig. 3 ist ein Querschnitt einer weiteren Ausgestaltung einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe 100 dargestellt. Die in der Fig. 3 im Querschnitt dargestellte Verbundscheibe 100 unterscheidet sich von der in der Fig. 2 dargestellten nur dahingehend, dass die erste Zwischenschicht 3 zwischen der Innenscheibe 2 und dem Hologrammelement 4 angeordnet ist. 3 shows a cross section of a further embodiment of a laminated pane 100 according to the invention. The composite pane 100 shown in cross section in FIG. 3 differs from that shown in FIG. 2 only in that the first intermediate layer 3 is arranged between the inner pane 2 and the hologram element 4 .
Das Hologrammelement 4 ist in der in der Fig. 3 gezeigten Ausführungsform beispielsweise wie in der Fig. 5 oder 7 dargestellt ausgebildet. Ist das Hologrammelement 4 wie in der Fig. 7 dargestellt ausgebildet, so ist das Hologrammelement 4 bevorzugt so angeordnet, dass die erste Substratschicht 8 direkt benachbart zur ersten Zwischenschicht 3 angeordnet ist. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the hologram element 4 is designed, for example, as shown in FIG. 5 or 7 . If the hologram element 4 is configured as shown in FIG. 7 , the hologram element 4 is preferably arranged in such a way that the first substrate layer 8 is arranged directly adjacent to the first intermediate layer 3 .
In der Fig. 4 ist ein Querschnitt einer weiteren Ausgestaltung einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe 100 dargestellt. Die in der Fig. 4 im Querschnitt dargestellte Verbundscheibe 100 unterscheidet sich von der in der Fig. 2 dargestellten dahingehend, dass zwischen dem Hologrammelement 4 und der Innenscheibe 2 eine zweite Zwischenschicht 7 angeordnet ist. Die zweite Zwischenschicht 7 ist beispielsweise eine thermoplastische Zwischenschicht und besteht beispielsweise aus Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) und ist 0,76 mm dick. FIG. 4 shows a cross section of a further embodiment of a laminated pane 100 according to the invention. The composite pane 100 shown in cross section in FIG. 4 differs from that shown in FIG. 2 in that a second intermediate layer 7 is arranged between the hologram element 4 and the inner pane 2 . The second intermediate layer 7 is, for example, a thermoplastic intermediate layer and consists, for example, of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and is 0.76 mm thick.
Das Hologrammelement 4 ist in der in der Fig. 4 gezeigten Ausführungsform beispielsweise wie in der Fig. 5, 6 oder 7 dargestellt ausgebildet. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the hologram element 4 is designed, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, 6 or 7. FIG.
Fig. 5 zeigt einen Querschnitt einer Ausführungsform eines Hologrammelements 4. In der in der Fig. 5 gezeigten Ausführungsform besteht das Hologrammelement 4 aus einem holographischen Material 5. Bei dem holographischen Material 5 handelt es sich beispielsweise um ein Photopolymer, Dichromatgelatine oder Silberhalogenid-Gelatine. FIG. 5 shows a cross-section of an embodiment of a hologram element 4. In the embodiment shown in FIG holographic material 5. The holographic material 5 is, for example, a photopolymer, dichromated gelatin or silver halide gelatin.
Fig. 6 zeigt einen Querschnitt einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines Hologrammelements 4. In der in der Fig. 6 gezeigten Ausführungsform umfasst das Hologrammelement 4 eine erste Substratschicht 8, eine zweite Substratschicht 9 und ein dazwischen angeordnetes holographisches Material 5. Bei dem holographischen Material 5 handelt es sich beispielsweise um ein Photopolymer, Dichromatgelatine oder Silberhalogenid-Gelatine. Fig. 6 shows a cross section of another embodiment of a hologram element 4. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 6, the hologram element 4 comprises a first substrate layer 8, a second substrate layer 9 and a holographic material 5 arranged therebetween. The holographic material 5 is for example a photopolymer, dichromated gelatin or silver halide gelatin.
Fig. 7 zeigt einen Querschnitt einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines Hologrammelements 4. In der in der Fig. 7 gezeigten Ausführungsform umfasst das Hologrammelement 4 eine erste Substratschicht 8 und ein holographisches Material 5. Bei dem holographischen Material 5 handelt es sich beispielsweise um ein Photopolymer, Dichromatgelatine oder Silberhalogenid- Gelatine. 7 shows a cross-section of another embodiment of a hologram element 4. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the hologram element 4 comprises a first substrate layer 8 and a holographic material 5. The holographic material 5 is, for example, a photopolymer, dichromated gelatin or silver halide gelatin.
In der Fig. 8 ist ein Querschnitt einer weiteren Ausgestaltung einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe 100 dargestellt. Die in der Fig. 8 im Querschnitt dargestellte Verbundscheibe 100 unterscheidet sich von der in der Fig. 2 dargestellten nur dahingehend, dass auf der Antireflexionsbeschichtung 6 eine Schutzschicht 10 angeordnet ist. Die Schutzschicht 10 ist wie in der Fig. 8 zu erkennen ist auf der von der Innenscheibe 2 wegweisenden Oberfläche der Antireflexionsbeschichtung 6 angeordnet. FIG. 8 shows a cross section of a further embodiment of a laminated pane 100 according to the invention. The laminated pane 100 shown in cross section in FIG. 8 differs from that shown in FIG. 2 only in that a protective layer 10 is arranged on the antireflection coating 6 . As can be seen in FIG. 8 , the protective layer 10 is arranged on the surface of the anti-reflection coating 6 facing away from the inner pane 2 .
In der Fig. 9 ist ein Querschnitt einer weiteren Ausgestaltung einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe 100 dargestellt. Die in der Fig. 9 im Querschnitt dargestellte Verbundscheibe 100 unterscheidet sich von der in der Fig. 3 dargestellten nur dahingehend, dass auf der Antireflexionsbeschichtung 6 eine Schutzschicht 10 angeordnet ist. Die Schutzschicht 10 ist wie in der Fig. 9 zu erkennen ist auf der von der Innenscheibe 2 wegweisenden Oberfläche der Antireflexionsbeschichtung 6 angeordnet. FIG. 9 shows a cross section of a further embodiment of a laminated pane 100 according to the invention. The laminated pane 100 shown in cross section in FIG. 9 differs from that shown in FIG. 3 only in that a protective layer 10 is arranged on the antireflection coating 6 . As can be seen in FIG. 9, the protective layer 10 is arranged on the surface of the anti-reflection coating 6 facing away from the inner pane 2 .
In der Fig. 10 ist ein Querschnitt einer weiteren Ausgestaltung einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe 100 dargestellt. Die in der Fig. 10 im Querschnitt dargestellte Verbundscheibe 100 unterscheidet sich von der in der Fig. 4 dargestellten nur dahingehend, dass auf der Antireflexionsbeschichtung 6 eine Schutzschicht 10 angeordnet ist. Die Schutzschicht 10 ist wie in der Fig. 10 zu erkennen ist auf der von der Innenscheibe 2 wegweisenden Oberfläche der Antireflexionsbeschichtung 6 angeordnet. Fig. 11 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zur Herstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe 100 anhand eines Flussdiagramms umfassend die Schritte: FIG. 10 shows a cross section of a further embodiment of a laminated pane 100 according to the invention. The laminated pane 100 shown in cross section in FIG. 10 differs from that shown in FIG. 4 only in that a protective layer 10 is arranged on the antireflection coating 6 . As can be seen in FIG. 10 , the protective layer 10 is arranged on the surface of the anti-reflection coating 6 facing away from the inner pane 2 . 11 shows an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention for producing a laminated pane 100 according to the invention using a flowchart, comprising the steps:
51 Bereitstellung einer Außenscheibe 1 mit einer außenseitigen Oberfläche I und einer innenraumseitigen Oberfläche II, einer ersten Zwischenschicht 3, eines Hologrammelements 4 mit mindestens einem Hologramm und einer Innenscheibe 2 mit einer außenseitigen Oberfläche III und einer innenraumseitigen Oberfläche IV und einer auf der innenraumseitigen Oberfläche IV aufgebrachten Antireflexionsbeschichtung 6. 51 Provision of an outer pane 1 with an outside surface I and an inside surface II, a first intermediate layer 3, a hologram element 4 with at least one hologram and an inner pane 2 with an outside surface III and an inside surface IV and one applied to the inside surface IV Anti-reflective coating 6.
52 Bildung eines Schichtenstapels, in dem und die erste Zwischenschicht 3 zwischen der Außenscheibe 1 und der Innenscheibe 2 angeordnet ist und das Hologrammelement 4 zwischen der Außenscheibe 1 und der ersten Zwischenschicht 3 oder zwischen der Innenscheibe 2 und der ersten Zwischenschicht 3 angeordnet ist. S3 Verbinden des Schichtenstapels durch Lamination. 52 Formation of a layer stack in which the first intermediate layer 3 is arranged between the outer pane 1 and the inner pane 2 and the hologram element 4 is arranged between the outer pane 1 and the first intermediate layer 3 or between the inner pane 2 and the first intermediate layer 3. S3 Joining the stack of layers by lamination.
Bezugszeichenliste: Reference list:
100 Verbundscheibe 100 Composite Disc
1 Außenscheibe 1 outer pane
2 Innenscheibe 2 inner pane
3 erste Zwischenschicht 3 first intermediate layer
4 Hologrammelement 4 hologram element
5 holographisches Material 5 holographic material
6 Antireflexionsbeschichtung 6 anti-reflective coating
7 zweite Zwischenschicht 7 second intermediate layer
8 erste Substratschicht 8 first substrate layer
9 zweite Substratschicht 9 second substrate layer
10 Schutzschicht 10 protective layer
I außenseitige Oberfläche der Außenscheibe 1I outside surface of the outer pane 1
11 innenraumseitige Oberfläche der Außenscheibe 111 Interior surface of outer pane 1
III außenseitige Oberfläche der Innenscheibe 2 III Outside surface of the inner pane 2
IV innenraumseitige Oberfläche der Innenscheibe 2 IV interior surface of the inner pane 2
O Oberkante O top edge
U Unterkante U lower edge
S Seitenkante S side edge
X-X‘ Schnittlinie X-X' cutting line

Claims

Patentansprüche patent claims
1. Verbundscheibe (100), mindestens umfassend eine Außenscheibe (1) mit einer außenseitigen Oberfläche (I) und einer innenraumseitigen Oberfläche (II), eine Innenscheibe (2) mit einer außenseitigen Oberfläche (III) und einer innenraumseitigen Oberfläche (IV), eine erste Zwischenschicht (3), und ein Hologrammelement (4) mit mindestens einem Hologramm, wobei die erste Zwischenschicht (3) zwischen der Außenscheibe (1) und der Innenscheibe (2) angeordnet ist, das Hologrammelement (4) zwischen der Außenscheibe (1) und der ersten Zwischenschicht (3) oder zwischen der Innenscheibe (2) und der ersten Zwischenschicht (3) angeordnet ist, und wobei auf der innenraumseitigen Oberfläche (IV) der Innenscheibe (2) eine Antireflexionsbeschichtung (6) angeordnet ist. 1. Composite pane (100), at least comprising an outer pane (1) with an outside surface (I) and an inside surface (II), an inner pane (2) with an outside surface (III) and an inside surface (IV), a first intermediate layer (3), and a hologram element (4) with at least one hologram, the first intermediate layer (3) being arranged between the outer pane (1) and the inner pane (2), the hologram element (4) between the outer pane (1) and the first intermediate layer (3) or between the inner pane (2) and the first intermediate layer (3), and wherein an antireflection coating (6) is arranged on the interior-side surface (IV) of the inner pane (2).
2. Verbundscheibe (100) nach Anspruch 1 , wobei das Hologrammelement (4) ein holographisches Material (5) und optional eine erste Substratschicht (8) und/oder eine zweite Substratschicht (9) umfasst. 2. Composite pane (100) according to claim 1, wherein the hologram element (4) comprises a holographic material (5) and optionally a first substrate layer (8) and/or a second substrate layer (9).
3. Verbundscheibe (100) nach Anspruch 2, wobei das holographische Material (5) ein Photopolymer, Dichromatgelatine oder Silberhalogenid-Gelatine umfasst. 3. Laminated disk (100) according to claim 2, wherein the holographic material (5) comprises a photopolymer, dichromated gelatin or silver halide gelatin.
4. Verbundscheibe (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei das Hologrammelement (4) ein holographisches Material (5) umfasst und das holographische Material (5) als eine Beschichtung der innenraumseitigen Oberfläche (II) der Außenscheibe (1) oder als eine Beschichtung der außenseitigen Oberfläche (III) der Innenscheibe (2) ausgebildet ist. 4. Composite pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hologram element (4) comprises a holographic material (5) and the holographic material (5) as a coating of the interior-side surface (II) of the outer pane (1) or as a coating of the outside surface (III) of the inner pane (2) is formed.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei das Hologrammelement (4) zwischen der ersten Zwischenschicht (3) und der Innenscheibe (2) angeordnet ist und die Verbundscheibe (100) zusätzlich eine zweite Zwischenschicht (7) umfasst, welche zwischen der Innenscheibe (2) und dem Hologrammelement (4) angeordnet ist. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hologram element (4) is arranged between the first intermediate layer (3) and the inner pane (2) and the composite pane (100) additionally comprises a second intermediate layer (7) which is between the Inner pane (2) and the hologram element (4) is arranged.
6. Verbundscheibe (100) nach Anspruch 5, wobei das Hologrammelement (4) ein holographisches Material (5), eine erste Substratschicht (8) und eine zweite Substratschicht (9) umfasst, wobei zwischen dem holographischen Material (5) und der ersten Zwischenschicht (3) die erste Substratschicht (8) angeordnet ist und zwischen dem holographischen Material (5) und der zweiten Zwischenschicht (7) die zweite Substratschicht (9) angeordnet ist. 6. Laminated pane (100) according to claim 5, wherein the hologram element (4) comprises a holographic material (5), a first substrate layer (8) and a second substrate layer (9), wherein between the holographic material (5) and the first intermediate layer (3) the first substrate layer (8) is arranged and the second substrate layer (9) is arranged between the holographic material (5) and the second intermediate layer (7).
7. Verbundscheibe (100) nach Anspruch 1 , 2, 3 oder 5, wobei das Hologrammelement (4) eine erste Substratschicht (8) und ein holographisches Material (5) umfasst. 7. Composite pane (100) according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 5, wherein the hologram element (4) comprises a first substrate layer (8) and a holographic material (5).
8. Verbundscheibe (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei die erste Zwischenschicht (3) und/oder die zweite Zwischenschicht (7) unabhängig voneinander eine thermoplastische Zwischenschicht, eine Klebeschicht oder ein optisch klarer Kleber ist. 8. Laminated pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first intermediate layer (3) and/or the second intermediate layer (7) is independently a thermoplastic intermediate layer, an adhesive layer or an optically clear adhesive.
9. Verbundscheibe (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 2, 3, 6, 7 oder 8, wobei die erste Substratschicht (8) und/oder die zweite Substratschicht (9) Polyamid (PA), Cellulosetriacetat (TAC) und/oder Polyethylenterephthalat (PET) umfasst. 9. Laminated pane (100) according to one of claims 2, 3, 6, 7 or 8, wherein the first substrate layer (8) and/or the second substrate layer (9) is polyamide (PA), cellulose triacetate (TAC) and/or polyethylene terephthalate ( PET) included.
10. Verbundscheibe (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, wobei die Antireflexionsbeschichtung (6) auf Basis von nanoporösem Siliziumoxid oder aus alternierend angeordneten Schichten mit unterschiedlichen Brechungsindizes gebildet ist. 10. Laminated pane (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the antireflection coating (6) is formed on the basis of nanoporous silicon oxide or of alternating layers with different refractive indices.
11. Verbundscheibe (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, wobei die Antireflexionsbeschichtung (6) aus einer 19 nm dicken Siliziumnitridschicht, einer darauf angeordneten 23 nm dicken Siliziumdioxidschicht, einer darauf angeordneten 114 nm dicken Zink-Zinn-Oxid-Schicht und einer darauf angeordneten 97 nm dicken Siliziumdioxidschicht ausgebildet ist oder die Antireflexionsbeschichtung (6) aus einer 13 nm dicken Siliziumnitridschicht, einer darauf angeordneten 29 nm dicken Siliziumdioxidschicht, einer darauf angeordneten 94 nm dicken Siliziumnitridschicht und einer darauf angeordneten 89 nm dicken Siliziumdioxidschicht ausgebildet ist. 11. Laminated pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the anti-reflection coating (6) consists of a 19 nm thick silicon nitride layer, a 23 nm thick silicon dioxide layer arranged thereon, a 114 nm thick zinc tin oxide layer arranged thereon and a 97 nm thick silicon dioxide layer arranged thereon or the antireflection coating (6) is formed from a 13 nm thick silicon nitride layer, a 29 nm thick silicon dioxide layer arranged thereon, a 94 nm thick silicon nitride layer arranged thereon and an 89 nm thick silicon dioxide layer arranged thereon.
12. Verbundscheibe (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, wobei die Antireflexionsbeschichtung (6) ausgehend von der innenraumseitigen Oberfläche (IV) der Innenscheibe (2) genau eine hochbrechende Schicht und genau eine niedrigbrechende Schicht umfasst, die hochbrechende Schicht einen Brechungsindex größer 1 ,9 und eine Dicke von höchstens 40 nm aufweist und die niedrigbrechende Schicht einen Brechungsindex kleiner 1 ,6 und eine Dicke von höchstens 60 nm aufweist. Projektionsanordnung umfassend eine Verbundscheibe (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12 und einen Projektor, der von innen auf das Hologrammelement (4) gerichtet ist. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Verbundscheibe (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, wobei zumindest a) eine Außenscheibe (1) mit einer außenseitigen Oberfläche (I) und einer innenraumseitigen Oberfläche (II), eine erste Zwischenschicht (3), ein Hologrammelement (4) mit mindestens einem Hologramm und eine Innenscheibe (2) mit einer außenseitigen Oberfläche (III) und einer innenraumseitigen Oberfläche (IV) und einer auf der innenraumseitigen Oberfläche (IV) aufgebrachten Antireflexionsbeschichtung (6) bereitgestellt werden, b) ein Schichtenstapel gebildet wird, in dem die erste Zwischenschicht (3) zwischen der Außenscheibe (1) und der Innenscheibe (2) angeordnet ist und das Hologrammelement (4) zwischen der Außenscheibe (1) und der ersten Zwischenschicht (3) oder zwischen der Innenscheibe (2) der ersten Zwischenschicht (3) angeordnet ist, c) der Schichtenstapel durch Lamination verbunden wird. Verwendung einer Verbundscheibe (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12 als Innenverglasung oder Außenverglasung in einem Fahrzeug oder einem Gebäude, insbesondere als Fahrzeugscheibe in Fortbewegungsmitteln für den Verkehr auf dem Land, in der Luft oder zu Wasser, insbesondere in Kraftfahrzeugen und insbesondere als Windschutzscheibe, die als eine Projektionsfläche für ein Head-Up-Display dient. 12. Laminated pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the anti-reflection coating (6), starting from the interior-side surface (IV) of the inner pane (2), comprises exactly one high-index layer and exactly one low-index layer, the high-index layer having a refractive index greater than 1.9 and a thickness of at most 40 nm and the low-index layer has a refractive index of less than 1.6 and a thickness of at most 60 nm. Projection arrangement comprising a composite pane (100) according to one of Claims 1 to 12 and a projector which is directed onto the hologram element (4) from the inside. Method for producing a laminated pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein at least a) an outer pane (1) with an outside surface (I) and an inside surface (II), a first intermediate layer (3), a hologram element ( 4) are provided with at least one hologram and an inner pane (2) with an outside surface (III) and an inside surface (IV) and an anti-reflection coating (6) applied to the inside surface (IV), b) a layer stack is formed, in which the first intermediate layer (3) is arranged between the outer pane (1) and the inner pane (2) and the hologram element (4) is arranged between the outer pane (1) and the first intermediate layer (3) or between the inner pane (2) of the first Intermediate layer (3) is arranged, c) the layer stack is connected by lamination. Use of a laminated pane (100) according to one of Claims 1 to 12 as interior glazing or exterior glazing in a vehicle or a building, in particular as a vehicle pane in means of locomotion for traffic on land, in the air or on water, in particular in motor vehicles and in particular as a windshield , which serves as a projection surface for a head-up display.
PCT/EP2023/051552 2022-01-26 2023-01-23 Composite pane with a hologram element and anti-reflective coating WO2023144085A1 (en)

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