WO2023142825A1 - 一种数据处理方法、装置及相关设备 - Google Patents

一种数据处理方法、装置及相关设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023142825A1
WO2023142825A1 PCT/CN2022/141707 CN2022141707W WO2023142825A1 WO 2023142825 A1 WO2023142825 A1 WO 2023142825A1 CN 2022141707 W CN2022141707 W CN 2022141707W WO 2023142825 A1 WO2023142825 A1 WO 2023142825A1
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data
differential
block
symbols
symbol
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PCT/CN2022/141707
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English (en)
French (fr)
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胡远洲
王磊
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华为技术有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0058—Allocation criteria
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0003—Two-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0005—Time-frequency
    • H04L5/0007—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/0008—Modulated-carrier systems arrangements for allowing a transmitter or receiver to use more than one type of modulation

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of communications, and in particular to a data processing method, device and related equipment.
  • orthogonal multiple access (OMA) technology and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technology are widely concerned and researched in wireless communication, for example, OMA technology has been It is widely used in the data transmission process of wireless communication.
  • OMA technology has been It is widely used in the data transmission process of wireless communication.
  • the reference signal can be used for channel estimation (channel estimation) to obtain a channel response.
  • the receiving device can use the channel response to perform equalization, demodulation, decoding and other processing, so as to obtain the data sent by the sending device.
  • the overhead of the reference signal will be very high.
  • Time-domain offset and/or frequency-domain offset will destroy the orthogonality between reference signals sent by different users, and reduce channel estimation performance, that is, reduce demodulation performance.
  • the present application provides a data processing method, device and related equipment.
  • the data processing method does not need to send reference signals, which avoids overhead of reference signals and collision problems between reference signals.
  • the data processing method provides multiple mapping relationships, which is beneficial to reducing the impact of time domain offset and/or frequency domain offset on the transmission channel, and is beneficial to improving demodulation performance.
  • the present application provides a data processing method.
  • the data processing method is implemented by the first communication device, may also be executed by components of the first communication device (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or may be implemented by logic capable of realizing all or part of the functions of the first communication device Module or software implementation.
  • the first communication device acquires the first data, and based on the mapping relationship between the first data and the time-frequency resources, maps the first data to the time-frequency resources for transmission.
  • the first data includes at least two differential data symbols, or at least two differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the mapping relationship includes that two adjacent data units in the first data are adjacent in the time domain or in the frequency domain on the time-frequency resource.
  • the data unit is any one of the following: differential data symbols, differential spread spectrum data symbols, differential spread spectrum data symbol blocks (also referred to as spread spectrum blocks).
  • the first data can be transmitted within a plurality of symbols.
  • the first communication device can flexibly select the mapping relationship of the first data on the time-frequency resource according to different scenarios of time-domain offset or frequency-domain offset. Based on the mapping relationship, when the frequency domain channel changes due to time domain offset or frequency domain offset, the present application can make the frequency domain channels passed by two adjacent data units in the first data close, which is beneficial to improve demodulation performance.
  • the data unit is a differential data symbol or a differential spread spectrum data symbol.
  • the time-frequency resources include L symbols and K subcarriers.
  • the mapping relationship includes: according to the data unit, the first data is mapped along the L symbols in the first direction on the 2k subcarrier, and mapped along the L symbols in the second direction on the 2p+1 subcarrier.
  • the mapping relationship includes: the first data is mapped along the K subcarriers in the first direction in the 21st symbol according to the data unit, and mapped along the K subcarriers in the second direction in the 2q+1 symbol. Wherein, the first direction is opposite to the second direction.
  • k is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2k ⁇ K-1
  • p is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2p+1 ⁇ K-1
  • l is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2l ⁇ L-1
  • q is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2q+1 ⁇ Integer of L-1.
  • L and K are integers greater than 1.
  • the first communication device can flexibly select different mapping relationships for differential data symbols or differential spread spectrum data symbols according to different scenarios of time domain offset or frequency domain offset.
  • the mapping relationship may be used to make the frequency domain channels through which the two adjacent data units in the first data pass the closest.
  • the time-domain offset causes changes in the frequency-domain channels of different subcarriers, the frequency-domain channels passed by two adjacent data units in the first data are still close, which is beneficial to improving demodulation performance.
  • mapping relationship when two adjacent data units in the first data are adjacent in the frequency domain on the time-frequency resource, using the mapping relationship can make the frequency domain channels through which the two adjacent data units in the first data pass the closest. Moreover, when the frequency domain offset causes the frequency domain channels of different symbols to change, the frequency domain channels passed by two adjacent data units in the first data are still close, which is beneficial to improving demodulation performance.
  • the data unit is a differentially spread spectrum data symbol block.
  • the differential spread spectrum data symbol block includes l block ⁇ k block differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the time-frequency resources include L symbols and K subcarriers.
  • the mapping relationship includes: the first data is mapped along L symbols in the first direction between the 2k ⁇ k block subcarrier and the (2k+1)k block -1 subcarrier according to the data unit, and the (2p+1)th subcarrier )k block subcarriers to the 2nd (p+1)k block -1th subcarriers are mapped in the second direction along L symbols.
  • the mapping relationship includes: the first data is mapped along the K subcarriers in the first direction between the 2l ⁇ l block symbol and the (2l+1)l block -1 symbol according to the data unit, and the (2q Mapping from the +1)l block symbol to the 2nd (q+1)l block -1 symbol along the K subcarriers in the second direction.
  • the first direction is opposite to the second direction.
  • k is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ (2k+1)k block -1 ⁇ K-1.
  • p is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2(p+1)k block -1 ⁇ K-1.
  • l is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ (2l+1)l block -1 ⁇ L-1.
  • q is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2(q+1)l block -1 ⁇ L-1.
  • l block is an integer satisfying 1 ⁇ l block ⁇ L.
  • k block is an integer satisfying 1 ⁇ k block ⁇ K.
  • L and K are integers greater than 1.
  • the first communication device can flexibly select different mapping relationships for differential spread spectrum data symbol blocks according to different scenarios of time domain offset or frequency domain offset.
  • the differentially spread spectrum data symbol block is mapped as a whole.
  • the mapping relationship may be used to make the frequency domain channels through which the two adjacent data units in the first data pass the closest.
  • the time-domain offset causes changes in the frequency-domain channels of different subcarriers
  • the frequency-domain channels passed by two adjacent data units in the first data are still close, which is beneficial to improving demodulation performance.
  • mapping relationship when two adjacent data units in the first data are adjacent in the frequency domain on the time-frequency resource, using the mapping relationship can make the frequency domain channels through which the two adjacent data units in the first data pass the closest. Moreover, when the frequency domain offset causes the frequency domain channels of different symbols to change, the frequency domain channels passed by two adjacent data units in the first data are still close, which is beneficial to improving demodulation performance.
  • the first communication device outputs an initial value of the first data.
  • the initial value of the first data is data predefined by the first communication device. Or, when the first data is mapped to the time-frequency resource for transmission, the initial value of the first data is transmitted. It can be understood that the initial value of the first data is also referred to as initialized differential data.
  • the first communication device maps the first data to a time-frequency resource, and generates data of an OFDM symbol according to data on the time-frequency resource.
  • the first communication device sends data of OFDM symbols to the second communication device.
  • the first communication device maps the first data to the time-frequency resource for transmission, it may generate an OFDM symbol for transmission.
  • the first communication device maps the first data to time-frequency resources, and performs Fourier transform to obtain corresponding Fourier transform output data.
  • Data of a single carrier frequency division multiple access symbol is generated from the output data of the Fourier transform.
  • the first communication device sends data of single carrier frequency division multiple access SC-FDMA symbols to the second communication device.
  • the first communication device maps the first data to time-frequency resources for transmission, it may generate single carrier frequency division multiple access SC-FDMA symbols for transmission.
  • the first data is a differential data symbol generated in a Pi/2 binary phase shift keying Pi/2-BPSK modulation manner.
  • the phase difference between two adjacent differential data symbols is ⁇ /2 or - ⁇ /2.
  • the first data generated after differential modulation using the Pi/2-BPSK modulation method of the present application is still Pi/2-BPSK modulation data. Therefore, the peak-to-average power ratio (peak to average power ratio, PAPR) of the data of OFDM/SC-FDMA symbols generated according to the first data remains unchanged, and still has the characteristic of low PAPR, which is beneficial to demodulation of data.
  • peak to average power ratio, PAPR peak to average power ratio
  • the phase difference between any two modulation symbols is ⁇ or 0.
  • the differential data symbols are modulation symbols obtained based on differential modulation. Through the method, the phase difference between the modulated symbol generated by using the Pi/2-BPSK modulation method and the existing modulated symbol is easier to calculate.
  • the modulation symbols are obtained by bit data to be transmitted based on a Pi/2-BPSK modulation manner.
  • the relationship between the bit data to be sent and the modulation symbol satisfies:
  • b(m) represents the mth bit data to be sent among at least two bit data to be sent.
  • d(m) represents an m-th modulation symbol among at least two modulation symbols.
  • x(m) represents the m-th differential data symbol among at least two differential data symbols.
  • x(m-1) represents the m-1th differential data symbol among at least two differential data symbols.
  • d(m) represents an m-th modulation symbol among at least two modulation symbols.
  • x(-1) may be referred to as initializing differential data. The initial value of the first data, that is, initialize the difference data.
  • the existing Pi/2-BPSK modulation method is improved, so that the first data generated after differential modulation using the Pi/2-BPSK modulation method of the present application is still Pi/2-BPSK modulation data. Therefore, the peak-to-average power ratio PAPR of the data of the OFDM/SC-FDMA symbols generated according to the first data remains unchanged, and still has the characteristic of low PAPR, which is beneficial to data demodulation.
  • the modulation symbols are obtained by bit data to be transmitted based on a Pi/2-BPSK modulation manner.
  • the relationship between the bit data to be sent and the modulation symbol satisfies:
  • b(m) represents the mth bit data to be sent among at least two bit data to be sent.
  • d(m) represents an m-th modulation symbol among at least two modulation symbols.
  • j represents an imaginary number symbol.
  • x(m) represents the m-th differential data symbol among at least two differential data symbols.
  • x(m-1) represents the m-1 th differential data symbol among the at least two differential data symbols.
  • d(m) represents an m-th modulation symbol among at least two modulation symbols.
  • the existing Pi/2-BPSK modulation mode is improved, so that the first data generated after differential modulation using the Pi/2-BPSK modulation mode is still Pi/2-BPSK modulation data. Therefore, the peak-to-average power ratio PAPR of the data of the OFDM/SC-FDMA symbols generated according to the first data remains unchanged, and still has the characteristic of low PAPR, which is beneficial to data demodulation.
  • the present application provides another data processing method.
  • the data processing method is implemented by the second communication device, may also be executed by components of the second communication device (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or may be implemented by logic capable of realizing all or part of the functions of the second communication device Module or software implementation.
  • the second communication device receives the first data on the time-frequency resource, and demodulates the first data based on the mapping relationship.
  • the first data includes at least two differential data symbols, or at least two differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the mapping relationship includes: two adjacent data units in the first data are adjacent in the time domain or adjacent in the frequency domain on the time-frequency resource.
  • the data unit is any one of the following: differential data symbols, differential spread spectrum data symbols, and differential spread spectrum data symbol blocks.
  • the data unit is a differential data symbol or a differential spread spectrum data symbol.
  • the time-frequency resources include L symbols and K subcarriers.
  • the mapping relationship includes: according to the data unit, the first data is mapped along the L symbols in the first direction on the 2k subcarrier, and mapped along the L symbols in the second direction on the 2p+1 subcarrier.
  • the mapping relationship includes: the first data is mapped along the K subcarriers in the first direction in the 21st symbol according to the data unit, and mapped along the K subcarriers in the second direction in the 2q+1 symbol. Wherein, the first direction is opposite to the second direction.
  • k is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2k ⁇ K-1
  • p is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2p+1 ⁇ K-1
  • l is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2l ⁇ L-1
  • q is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2q+1 ⁇ Integer of L-1.
  • L and K are integers greater than 1.
  • the data unit is a differentially spread spectrum data symbol block.
  • the differential spread spectrum data symbol block includes l block ⁇ k block differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the time-frequency resources include L symbols and K subcarriers.
  • the mapping relationship includes: the first data is mapped along L symbols in the first direction between the 2k ⁇ k block subcarrier and the (2k+1)k block -1 subcarrier according to the data unit, and the (2p+1)th subcarrier )k block subcarriers to the 2nd (p+1)k block -1th subcarriers are mapped in the second direction along L symbols.
  • the mapping relationship includes: the first data is mapped along the K subcarriers in the first direction between the 2l ⁇ l block symbol and the (2l+1)l block -1 symbol according to the data unit, and the (2q Mapping from the +1)l block symbol to the 2nd (q+1)l block -1 symbol along the K subcarriers in the second direction.
  • the first direction is opposite to the second direction.
  • k is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ (2k+1)k block -1 ⁇ K-1.
  • p is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2(p+1)k block -1 ⁇ K-1.
  • l is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ (2l+1)l block -1 ⁇ L-1.
  • q is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2(q+1)l block -1 ⁇ L-1.
  • l block is an integer satisfying 1 ⁇ l block ⁇ L.
  • k block is an integer satisfying 1 ⁇ k block ⁇ K.
  • L and K are integers greater than 1.
  • the second communication device acquires an initial value of the first data.
  • the initial value of the first data is data predefined by the first communication device.
  • the second communication device receives the first data on the time-frequency resource, it receives the initial value of the first data.
  • the second communication device acquires the initial value of the first data, it can avoid the occurrence of phase in the 0th data unit of the modulated data obtained by the second communication device from performing data demodulation (including de-differentiation or de-spreading). Vague. Therefore, it is beneficial to improve the demodulation performance of the receiver.
  • the present application provides yet another data processing method.
  • the data processing method is implemented by the first communication device, may also be executed by components of the first communication device (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or may be implemented by logic capable of realizing all or part of the functions of the first communication device Module or software implementation.
  • the first communication device acquires the first data, and based on the mapping relationship between the first data and the time-frequency resources, maps the first data to the time-frequency resources for transmission.
  • the first data includes at least two differential data symbols, or at least two differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the time-frequency resources include L symbols and K subcarriers.
  • the mapping relationship includes: the first data is mapped along the L symbols in the first direction on the 2k subcarrier according to the data unit, and is mapped along the L symbols in the first direction on the 2p+1 subcarrier.
  • the mapping relationship includes: the first data is mapped along the K subcarriers in the first direction in the 21st symbol according to the data unit, and mapped along the K subcarriers in the first direction in the 2q+1 symbol.
  • the data unit is a differential data symbol or a differential spread spectrum data symbol.
  • k is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2k ⁇ K-1
  • p is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2p+1 ⁇ K-1
  • l is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2l ⁇ L-1
  • q is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2q+1 ⁇ Integer of L-1.
  • L and K are integers greater than 1.
  • the first communication device can use the above mapping relationship to map two adjacent differential data symbols or differential spread spectrum data symbols in the first data to time-frequency resources to transfer.
  • the mapping relationship is relatively simple and easier to implement.
  • the frequency domain channels through which two adjacent differential data symbols or differential spread spectrum data symbols in the first data pass through can also be close, which is conducive to improving demodulation performance.
  • the present application provides yet another data processing method.
  • the data processing method is implemented by the first communication device, may also be executed by components of the first communication device (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or may be implemented by logic capable of realizing all or part of the functions of the first communication device Module or software implementation.
  • the first communication device acquires the first data, and based on the mapping relationship between the first data and the time-frequency resources, maps the first data to the time-frequency resources for transmission.
  • the first data includes at least two differential data symbols, or at least two differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the time-frequency resources include L symbols and K subcarriers. Mapping relationships include:
  • the first data is mapped along the L symbols in the first direction between the 2k ⁇ k block subcarrier and the (2k+1)k block -1 subcarrier according to the data unit, and the (2p+1)k block subcarrier Mapping between the carrier and the 2(p+1)k block -1 subcarrier along the L symbols in the first direction. or,
  • the first data is mapped along K subcarriers in the first direction between the 2l ⁇ l block symbol and the (2l+1)l block -1 symbol according to the data unit, and the (2q+1)l block From the symbol to the 2nd(q+1)l block -1 symbol, mapping along the K subcarriers in the first direction.
  • the data unit is a differential spread spectrum data symbol block
  • the differential spread spectrum data symbol block includes l block ⁇ k block differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • k is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ (2k+1)k block -1 ⁇ K-1.
  • p is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2(p+1)k block -1 ⁇ K-1.
  • l is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ (2l+1)l block -1 ⁇ L-1.
  • q is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2(q+1)l block -1 ⁇ L-1.
  • l block is an integer satisfying 1 ⁇ l block ⁇ L.
  • k block is an integer satisfying 1 ⁇ k block ⁇ K.
  • L and K are integers greater than 1.
  • the first communication device can use the above mapping relationship to map two adjacent differentially spread data symbol blocks in the first data to time-frequency resources for transmission .
  • the mapping relationship is relatively simple and easier to implement.
  • the frequency-domain channels through which two adjacent differentially spread data symbol blocks in the first data pass can also be close, which is beneficial to improving demodulation performance.
  • the present application provides yet another data processing method.
  • the data processing method is implemented by the first communication device, may also be executed by components of the first communication device (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or may be implemented by logic capable of realizing all or part of the functions of the first communication device Module or software implementation.
  • the first communication device obtains the second data.
  • the second data includes at least two differential data symbols.
  • the second data is a differential data symbol generated by using Pi/2 binary phase shift keying Pi/2-BPSK modulation mode.
  • the phase difference between two adjacent differential data symbols is ⁇ /2 or - ⁇ /2.
  • the first communication device can generate differential data symbols by using an improved Pi/2-BPSK modulation mode.
  • the phase difference of the differential data symbols generated by this application is ⁇ /2 or - The two values of ⁇ /2 are convenient for data demodulation.
  • the differential data symbols are obtained by modulation symbols based on differential modulation.
  • the modulation symbol is obtained based on the Pi/2-BPSK modulation mode of the bit data to be transmitted.
  • the relationship between the bit data to be sent and the modulation symbol satisfies:
  • b(m) represents the mth bit data to be sent among at least two bit data to be sent.
  • d(m) represents the m-th modulation symbol among at least two modulation symbols. The relationship between the modulation symbol and the differential data symbol satisfies:
  • x(m) represents the m th differential data symbol among the at least two differential data symbols.
  • x(m-1) represents the m-1th differential data symbol among at least two differential data symbols.
  • d(m) represents an m-th modulation symbol among at least two modulation symbols.
  • the existing Pi/2-BPSK modulation method is improved, so that the first data generated after differential modulation using the Pi/2-BPSK modulation method of the present application is still Pi/2-BPSK modulation data. Therefore, the peak-to-average power ratio PAPR of the data of the OFDM/SC-FDMA symbols generated according to the first data remains unchanged, and still has the characteristic of low PAPR, which is beneficial to data demodulation.
  • the relationship between the bit data to be sent and the modulation symbol satisfies:
  • b(m) represents the mth bit data to be sent among at least two bit data to be sent.
  • d(m) represents an m-th modulation symbol among at least two modulation symbols.
  • j represents an imaginary number symbol. The relationship between the modulation symbol and the differential data symbol satisfies:
  • x(m) represents the m th differential data symbol among the at least two differential data symbols.
  • x(m-1) represents the m-1th differential data symbol among at least two differential data symbols.
  • d(m) represents an m-th modulation symbol among at least two modulation symbols.
  • the existing Pi/2-BPSK modulation mode is improved, so that the first data generated after differential modulation using the Pi/2-BPSK modulation mode is still Pi/2-BPSK modulation data. Therefore, the peak-to-average power ratio PAPR of the data of the OFDM/SC-FDMA symbols generated according to the first data remains unchanged, and still has the characteristic of low PAPR, which is beneficial to data demodulation.
  • the present application provides a data processing device.
  • the data processing device includes a transceiver unit and a processing unit. Wherein, the transceiver unit is used to obtain the first data.
  • the first data includes at least two differential data symbols, or at least two differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the processing unit is configured to map the first data to the time-frequency resource for transmission based on the mapping relationship between the first data and the time-frequency resource.
  • the mapping relationship includes that two adjacent data units in the first data are adjacent in the time domain or in the frequency domain on the time-frequency resource.
  • the data unit is any one of the following: differential data symbols, differential spread spectrum data symbols, and differential spread spectrum data symbol blocks.
  • the present application provides another data processing device.
  • the data processing device includes a transceiver unit and a processing unit.
  • the transceiving unit is used for receiving the first data on the time-frequency resource.
  • the first data includes at least two differential data symbols, or at least two differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the processing unit demodulates the first data based on the mapping relationship.
  • the mapping relationship includes that two adjacent data units in the first data are adjacent in the time domain or in the frequency domain on the time-frequency resource.
  • the data unit is any one of the following: differential data symbols, differential spread spectrum data symbols, and differential spread spectrum data symbol blocks.
  • mapping relationship As for the specific implementation manner of the first data, the mapping relationship, etc., reference may be made to the corresponding description in the second aspect, and details are not repeated here.
  • the present application provides yet another data processing device.
  • the data processing device includes a transceiver unit and a processing unit.
  • the transceiver unit is used to obtain the first data.
  • the first data includes at least two differential data symbols, or at least two differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the processing unit is configured to map the first data to the time-frequency resource for transmission based on the mapping relationship between the first data and the time-frequency resource.
  • the time-frequency resources include L symbols and K subcarriers.
  • the mapping relationship includes: the first data is mapped along L symbols in the first direction on the 2k subcarrier according to the data unit, and mapped along L symbols in the first direction on the 2p+1 subcarrier.
  • the mapping relationship includes: the first data is mapped along K subcarriers in the first direction in the 21st symbol according to the data unit, and mapped along the K subcarriers in the first direction in the 2q+1 symbol.
  • the data unit is a differential data symbol or a differential spread spectrum data symbol.
  • k is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2k ⁇ K-1
  • p is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2p+1 ⁇ K-1
  • l is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2l ⁇ L-1
  • q is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2q+1 ⁇ Integer of L-1.
  • L and K are integers greater than 1.
  • the present application provides yet another data processing device.
  • the data processing device includes a transceiver unit and a processing unit.
  • the transceiver unit is used to obtain the first data.
  • the first data includes at least two differential data symbols, or at least two differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the processing unit is configured to map the first data to the time-frequency resource for transmission based on the mapping relationship between the first data and the time-frequency resource.
  • the time-frequency resources include L symbols and K subcarriers. Mapping relationships include:
  • the first data is mapped along the L symbols in the first direction between the 2k ⁇ k block subcarrier and the (2k+1)k block -1 subcarrier according to the data unit, and the (2p+1)k block subcarrier Mapping between the carrier and the 2(p+1)k block -1 subcarrier along the L symbols in the first direction. or,
  • the first data is mapped along K subcarriers in the first direction between the 2l ⁇ l block symbol and the (2l+1)l block -1 symbol according to the data unit, and the (2q+1)l block From the symbol to the 2nd(q+1)l block -1 symbol, mapping along the K subcarriers in the first direction.
  • the data unit is a differential spread spectrum data symbol block
  • the differential spread spectrum data symbol block includes l block ⁇ k block differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • k is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ (2k+1)k block -1 ⁇ K-1.
  • p is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2(p+1)k block -1 ⁇ K-1.
  • l is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ (2l+1)l block -1 ⁇ L-1.
  • q is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2(q+1)l block -1 ⁇ L-1.
  • l block is an integer satisfying 1 ⁇ l block ⁇ L.
  • k block is an integer satisfying 1 ⁇ k block ⁇ K.
  • L and K are integers greater than 1.
  • the present application provides yet another data processing device.
  • the data processing device includes a transceiver unit.
  • the transceiver unit is used to obtain the second data.
  • the second data includes at least two differential data symbols.
  • the second data is a differential data symbol generated by using Pi/2 binary phase shift keying Pi/2-BPSK modulation mode.
  • the phase difference between two adjacent differential data symbols is ⁇ /2 or - ⁇ /2.
  • a communications device includes one or more processors and memory.
  • a memory is coupled to the one or more processors, and the memory stores a computer program.
  • the communication device when one or more processors execute the computer program, the communication device performs the following operations:
  • first data includes at least two differential data symbols, or at least two differential spread spectrum data symbols;
  • the first data is mapped to the time-frequency resources for transmission.
  • the mapping relationship includes that two adjacent data units in the first data are adjacent in the time domain or in the frequency domain on the time-frequency resource.
  • the data unit is any one of the following: differential data symbols, differential spread spectrum data symbols, and differential spread spectrum data symbol blocks.
  • the communication device when one or more processors execute the computer program, the communication device performs the following operations:
  • the first data includes at least two differential data symbols, or at least two differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the mapping relationship includes that two adjacent data units in the first data are adjacent in the time domain or adjacent in the frequency domain on the time-frequency resource.
  • the data unit is any one of the following: differential data symbols, differential spread spectrum data symbols, and differential spread spectrum data symbol blocks.
  • mapping relationship As for the specific implementation manner of the first data, the mapping relationship, etc., reference may be made to the corresponding description in the second aspect, and details are not repeated here.
  • the communication device when one or more processors execute the computer program, the communication device performs the following operations:
  • the first data is mapped to the time-frequency resources for transmission.
  • the first data includes at least two differential data symbols, or at least two differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the time-frequency resources include L symbols and K subcarriers.
  • the mapping relationship includes: the first data is mapped along the L symbols in the first direction on the 2k subcarrier according to the data unit, and is mapped along the L symbols in the first direction on the 2p+1 subcarrier.
  • the mapping relationship includes: the first data is mapped along K subcarriers in the first direction in the 21st symbol according to the data unit, and mapped along the K subcarriers in the first direction in the 2q+1 symbol.
  • the data unit is a differential data symbol or a differential spread spectrum data symbol.
  • k is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2k ⁇ K-1
  • p is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2p+1 ⁇ K-1
  • l is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2l ⁇ L-1
  • q is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2q+1 ⁇ Integer of L-1.
  • L and K are integers greater than 1.
  • the communication device when one or more processors execute the computer program, the communication device performs the following operations:
  • the processing unit is configured to map the first data to the time-frequency resource for transmission based on the mapping relationship between the first data and the time-frequency resource.
  • the first data includes at least two differential data symbols, or at least two differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the time-frequency resources include L symbols and K subcarriers. Mapping relationships include:
  • the first data is mapped along the L symbols in the first direction between the 2k ⁇ k block subcarrier and the (2k+1)k block -1 subcarrier according to the data unit, and the (2p+1)k block subcarrier Mapping between the carrier and the 2(p+1)k block -1 subcarrier along the L symbols in the first direction. or,
  • the first data is mapped along K subcarriers in the first direction between the 2l ⁇ l block symbol and the (2l+1)l block -1 symbol according to the data unit, and the (2q+1)l block From the symbol to the 2nd(q+1)l block -1 symbol, mapping along the K subcarriers in the first direction.
  • the data unit is a differential spread spectrum data symbol block
  • the differential spread spectrum data symbol block includes l block ⁇ k block differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • k is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ (2k+1)k block -1 ⁇ K-1.
  • p is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2(p+1)k block -1 ⁇ K-1.
  • l is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ (2l+1)l block -1 ⁇ L-1.
  • q is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2(q+1)l block -1 ⁇ L-1.
  • l block is an integer satisfying 1 ⁇ l block ⁇ L.
  • k block is an integer satisfying 1 ⁇ k block ⁇ K.
  • L and K are integers greater than 1.
  • the communication device when one or more processors execute the computer program, the communication device performs the following operations:
  • the second data includes at least two differential data symbols.
  • the second data is a differential data symbol generated by using Pi/2 binary phase shift keying Pi/2-BPSK modulation mode.
  • the phase difference between two adjacent differential data symbols is ⁇ /2 or - ⁇ /2.
  • the present application provides a communication system.
  • the communication system includes one or more of the data processing devices provided in the sixth aspect to the tenth aspect.
  • the communication system includes the communication device provided in the eleventh aspect.
  • the present application provides a chip system.
  • the system-on-a-chip includes a processor, and may further include a memory, configured to implement the method described in any one of the first aspect to the fifth aspect and possible implementation manners of the first aspect to the fifth aspect.
  • the system-on-a-chip may consist of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the interface in the chip may be an input/output interface, a pin or a circuit, and the like.
  • the above-mentioned chip system may be a system on chip (system on chip, SOC), or a baseband chip, etc., wherein the baseband chip may include a processor, a channel encoder, a digital signal processor, a modem, and an interface module.
  • SOC system on chip
  • baseband chip may include a processor, a channel encoder, a digital signal processor, a modem, and an interface module.
  • the present application provides a communication device.
  • the communication device is composed of input and output interfaces and logic circuits.
  • the input and output interfaces are used to input or output data.
  • the logic circuit processes the data according to the method described in any one of the first aspect or the third aspect to the fifth aspect, and obtains the processed data.
  • the present application provides a communication device.
  • the communication device is composed of input and output interfaces and logic circuits.
  • the input and output interfaces are used to input or output data.
  • the logic circuit processes the data according to the method described in any one of the second aspect, and obtains the processed data.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program.
  • the above computer program is executed by a processor to implement the method described in any one of the first aspect to the fifth aspect and the possible implementation manners of the first aspect to the fifth aspect.
  • the present application provides a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes instructions. When the instructions are run on the computer, the computer is made to execute the method described in any one of the above-mentioned first aspect to the fifth aspect and possible implementation manners of the first aspect to the fifth aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a generation process of differential spread spectrum data provided by the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of a data processing method provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 4a is a schematic diagram of differential spread spectrum data provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 4b is a schematic diagram of another differential spread spectrum data provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the mapping relationship between the first differential data mapped to time-frequency resources provided by the present application
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the mapping relationship of the first differential spread spectrum data mapped to time-frequency resources provided by the present application
  • FIG. 7a is a schematic diagram of a mapping method of differential spread spectrum data symbols in a spread spectrum block provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 7b is a schematic diagram of a mapping method of differential spread spectrum data symbols in another spread spectrum block provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the mapping relationship between the second differential spread spectrum data mapped to time-frequency resources provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a mapping relationship between second differential data mapped to time-frequency resources provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a mapping relationship between differential spread spectrum data mapped to time-frequency resources provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the mapping relationship between the fourth differential spread spectrum data mapped to time-frequency resources provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the mapping relationship between the third differential data mapped to time-frequency resources provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the mapping relationship between the fifth differential spread spectrum data mapped to time-frequency resources provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the mapping relationship between the fourth differential data mapped to time-frequency resources provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the mapping relationship of the sixth differential spread spectrum data mapped to time-frequency resources provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the mapping relationship between the seventh differential spread spectrum data mapped to time-frequency resources provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the mapping relationship between the eighth differential spread spectrum data mapped to time-frequency resources provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic flowchart of another data processing method provided by the present application.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of a device provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of a device provided by the present application.
  • the wireless communication system includes communication devices, and the communication devices can use air interface resources to perform wireless communication.
  • the communication device may include a network device and a terminal device, and the network device may also be referred to as a network side device.
  • the air interface resources may include at least one of time domain resources, frequency domain resources, code resources and space resources. In this application, at least one can also be described as one or more, and multiple can be two, three, four or more, which is not limited in this application.
  • “/” may indicate that the objects associated before and after are in an "or” relationship.
  • A/B can mean either A or B.
  • “And/or” can be used to describe the existence of three relationships between associated objects.
  • a and/or B may mean that A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists independently, wherein A and B may be singular or plural.
  • words such as “first” and “second” may be used to distinguish technical features with the same or similar functions. The words “first” and “second” do not limit the number and execution order, and the words “first” and “second” do not necessarily mean that they must be different.
  • words such as “exemplary” or “for example” are used to represent examples or illustrations, and any embodiment or design described as “exemplary” or “for example” should not be construed as being superior to other implementations. Examples or design schemes are more preferred or more advantageous.
  • the use of words such as “exemplary” or “for example” is intended to present related concepts in a specific manner for easy understanding.
  • OMA orthogonal multiple access
  • NOMA non-orthogonal multiple access
  • data and a reference signal are generally sent.
  • Data and reference signals can be generated using technologies such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), single carrier frequency domain multiple access (SC-FDMA), etc.
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • SC-FDMA single carrier frequency domain multiple access
  • the reference signal can be used for channel estimation (channel estimation) to obtain a channel response.
  • the receiving device can use the channel response to perform equalization, demodulation, decoding and other processing, so as to obtain the data sent by the sending device.
  • time offset time offset
  • frequency offset frequency offset
  • Time-domain offset and/or frequency-domain offset will destroy the orthogonality between reference signals sent by different users, and reduce channel estimation performance, that is, reduce demodulation performance.
  • the present application provides a data processing method.
  • the data processing method does not need to send reference signals, which avoids overhead of reference signals and collision problems between reference signals.
  • the data processing method can perform differential modulation and/or spread spectrum processing on the modulated data, and the processed first data supports multiple time-frequency resource mapping relationships, which is beneficial to improving demodulation performance.
  • the communication system includes a plurality of communication devices (including, for example, network devices and terminal devices).
  • This application assumes that the first communication device is a transmitting device, and the second communication device is a receiving device.
  • the first communication device may be a terminal device, and the second communication device may be a network device.
  • the first communication device may be a network device, and the second communication device may be a terminal device.
  • This application specifically describes the flow of the data processing method by taking an uplink transmission scenario as an example. It can be understood that the flow of the downlink transmission scenario is similar to that of the uplink transmission scenario, and you can refer to the flow description of the uplink transmission scenario.
  • the communication systems mentioned in this application include but are not limited to: narrow band-Internet of things (NB-IoT), global system for mobile communications (GSM), enhanced data rate GSM evolution system (enhanced data rate for GSM evolution, EDGE), wideband code division multiple access system (wideband code division multiple access, WCDMA), code division multiple access 2000 system (code division multiple access, CDMA2000), time division synchronous code division multiple access system ( Time division-synchronization code division multiple access, TD-SCDMA), long term evolution system (long term evolution, LTE) and the three application scenarios of 5G mobile communication system enhanced mobile broadband (enhanced mobility broad band, eMBB), ultra-high reliability and Low-latency communications (ultra-reliable and low latency communications, URLLC) and enhanced machine-type communications (enhanced machine-type communications, eMTC) and future communication systems (such as 6G/7G, etc.).
  • NB-IoT narrow band-Internet of things
  • GSM global system for mobile communications
  • GSM global system for mobile communications
  • the network device may be a device capable of communicating with the terminal device.
  • Network devices can be base stations, relay stations or access points.
  • the base station can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a global system for mobile communication (GSM) system or a code division multiple access (CDMA) network, or a broadband
  • BTS base transceiver station
  • GSM global system for mobile communication
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • WCDMA wideband code division multiple access
  • eNB or eNodeB evolutional NodeB
  • LTE long term evolution
  • a network device may also be a satellite in a satellite communication system.
  • the network device may also be a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (cloud radio access network, CRAN) scenario.
  • the network device may also be a network device in a 5G network or a network device (such as gNodeB) in a future evolved shared land mobile network (public land mobile network, PLMN) network.
  • the network device can also be a wearable device, a drone, or a device in the Internet of Vehicles (such as a vehicle to everything (V2X)), or a communication device in a device to device (D2D) communication, Or it can be applied to network equipment in future communication systems.
  • V2X vehicle to everything
  • D2D device to device
  • the terminal equipment may be a user equipment (user equipment, UE), an access terminal, a terminal unit, a terminal station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a terminal, a wireless communication device, a terminal agent or a terminal device etc.
  • An access terminal may be a cellular telephone, a cordless telephone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) telephone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a Functional handheld devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, wearable devices, drones, V2X devices, D2D devices, terminal devices in 5G networks, terminal devices in future evolved PLMN networks, or future Terminal equipment in communication systems, etc.
  • SIP session initiation protocol
  • WLL wireless local loop
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • the data generation process of the transmitting device can perform differential modulation on the modulated data to generate differential data; or the transmitting device can perform differential modulation and spread spectrum on the modulated data to generate differential spread spectrum data.
  • FIG. 2 shows a generation process of differential spread spectrum data provided in this application.
  • the transmitting device modulates the bit data to be transmitted using a corresponding modulation mode to obtain modulated data. Differential modulation is performed on the modulated data to obtain differential data.
  • Spread spectrum processing is performed on the differential data to obtain differential spread spectrum data.
  • the spread spectrum processing is optional.
  • the data generation process of the transmitting device mainly involves the following types of data: bit data to be transmitted, modulated data, differential data, and differential spread spectrum data.
  • the bit data to be sent can be obtained from the original bit stream through encoding, interleaving, scrambling and other processing.
  • the original bit stream can be obtained according to the service to be sent by the transmitting device, which is not limited in this application.
  • the modulation method adopted in this application may include but not limited to binary phase shift keying (binary phase shift keying, BPSK) modulation, Pi/2-binary phase shift keying (Pi/2-BPSK) modulation, quadrature phase shift keying (quadrature phase shift keying, QPSK) modulation, octal phase shift keying 8PSK modulation, etc.
  • the modulation data is denoted as d, and the length of the modulation data is M, that is, the modulation data includes M data units (modulation data symbols).
  • the difference data is expressed as x, and the length of the difference data is M.
  • Differential modulation is performed on the modulated data to obtain differential data as shown in formula (1):
  • x(m) represents the mth data unit (differential data symbol) of the differential data.
  • d(m) represents the m-th data unit (modulated data symbol) of the modulated data.
  • m satisfies 0 ⁇ m ⁇ M-1.
  • M is an integer greater than 1.
  • x(0) x( ⁇ 1)d(0).
  • x(-1) may be referred to as initialized differential data, that is, the initial value of the first data.
  • the initialized differential data may be predefined, for example, the value of the predefined initialized differential data is 1.
  • the initialization differential data is known to both the transmitting device and the receiving device.
  • the initialization difference data may also be sent by the first communication device to the second communication device. In the case of sending, the second communication device knows the location where the initialization difference data is sent, and then the second communication device can receive the initialization difference data at the corresponding location.
  • a data unit is used to refer to a minimum unit of each data or a collection of minimum units of each data.
  • the data unit in this application may include but not limited to: bit data symbols, modulated data symbols, differential data symbols, differential spread spectrum data symbols, differential spread spectrum data symbol blocks, and the like.
  • the data unit of the bit data is a bit data symbol
  • the data unit of the differential data is a differential data symbol
  • the data unit of the differential spread data is a differential spread data symbol or a differential spread data symbol block.
  • the modulation mode is BPSK modulation
  • the relationship between the bit data to be transmitted and the modulated data is shown in formula (2)
  • the relationship between modulated data and differential data is shown in formula (1):
  • b(m) represents the mth data unit (bit data symbol) of the bit data to be sent.
  • the modulation mode is QPSK modulation
  • the relationship between the bit data to be transmitted and the modulated data is shown in formula (3) or (4)
  • the relationship between modulated data and differential data is shown in formula (1):
  • j represents the imaginary number symbol.
  • j represents the imaginary number symbol.
  • the BPSK modulation method, Pi/2-BPSK modulation method and QPSK modulation method described in this application improve the existing BPSK modulation method, Pi/2-BPSK modulation method and QPSK modulation method.
  • the differential data generated after differential modulation using the BPSK modulation method, Pi/2-BPSK modulation method and QPSK modulation method of the present application are still BPSK modulation data, Pi/2-BPSK modulation data and QPSK modulation data. Therefore, the peak-to-average power ratio PAPR of the data of OFDM/SC-FDMA symbols generated according to the first data remains unchanged, and still has the characteristic of low PAPR, which is beneficial to data demodulation.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a data processing method provided by the present application.
  • the data processing method is applied to the communication system shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the data processing method may be implemented by interaction between the first communication device and the second communication device, including the following steps:
  • a first communication device acquires first data, where the first data includes at least two differential data symbols, or at least two differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the first data is differential data.
  • the relationship between modulated data and differential data satisfies formula (1).
  • the first data includes at least two differential data symbols.
  • x(m) represents the m-th differential data symbol of differential data.
  • m satisfies 0 ⁇ m ⁇ M-1.
  • M represents the length of differential data, and M is an integer greater than 1.
  • at least two differential data symbols are sent within at least two time domain symbols.
  • the first data is sent within L time domain symbols, where L is an integer greater than 1.
  • the first communication device may use the time domain offset or the frequency domain offset scenario, more flexibly adapting the mapping relationship of the first data on the time-frequency resources.
  • the first communication device when the first communication device performs differential modulation on the modulated data to obtain differential data, and performs spectrum spreading processing on the differential data, the first data is differential spread spectrum data. For example, the first communication device determines a spreading sequence c SF , and spreads differential data x according to the spreading sequence c SF to obtain differential spreading data x S .
  • different transmitting devices may use different spreading sequences to perform spreading. Different spreading sequences can be orthogonal, non-orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal. It can be understood that when the spreading sequences adopted by multiple terminal devices are non-orthogonal, the transmission process in which multiple first communication devices send data to the second communication device is a non-orthogonal multiple access transmission process.
  • the length of the spreading sequence is K SF , that is, the spreading sequence includes K SF elements, and K SF is an integer greater than 1.
  • K SF may be called a spreading factor.
  • the values of the spreading factor and the spreading sequence may be predefined, or may be determined by the first communication device itself, or may be notified by the second communication device to the first communication device through signaling. Not limited.
  • c SF (t) represents the tth data unit (ie, the tth element) of the spread spectrum sequence.
  • x S (m*K SF +t) represents the m*K SF +t data unit (differential spread spectrum data symbol) of the differential spread spectrum data.
  • t satisfies 0 ⁇ t ⁇ K SF -1.
  • FIG. 4a is a schematic diagram of differential spread spectrum data provided in this application.
  • a differentially spread spectrum data symbol block shown in FIG. 4a includes a plurality of differentially spread spectrum data symbols, and each differentially spread spectrum data symbol block is arranged in sequence.
  • the 0th to 3rd differential spread spectrum data symbols (that is, the 0th spread spectrum block) can be expressed as [x(0)c SF (0), x(0)c SF (1), x( 0)c SF (2), x(0)c SF (3)].
  • the 4th to 7th differential spread spectrum data symbols (that is, the first spread spectrum block) can be expressed as [x(1)c SF (0), x(1)c SF (1), x(1) c SF (2), x(1)c SF (3)], and so on.
  • the differentially spread spectrum data shown in Fig. 4a contains 24 differentially spread spectrum data symbols.
  • c SF (t) represents the tth data unit of the spreading sequence.
  • x S (m+t*M) represents the m+t*Mth data unit of the differential spread spectrum data.
  • t satisfies 0 ⁇ t ⁇ K SF -1.
  • FIG. 4b is a schematic diagram of another differential spread spectrum data provided by the present application.
  • the differential data includes 6 data units
  • the spreading sequence includes 4 data units.
  • the 6 values obtained by multiplying the differential data with the 0th data unit of the spreading sequence that is, the 0th differential spreading data symbol of the 6 spreading blocks
  • the 6 values are arranged in sequence.
  • the 6 values obtained by multiplying the differential data with the first data unit of the spreading sequence that is, the first differential spreading data symbol of the 6 spreading blocks
  • the 6 values are arranged in sequence, and so on.
  • the differentially spread spectrum data shown in Fig. 4b includes 24 differentially spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the first communication device maps the first data to the time-frequency resource based on the mapping relationship between the first data and the time-frequency resource for transmission.
  • the time-frequency resource is a time-frequency resource for the first communication device to send the first data.
  • Time-frequency resources may include, but are not limited to: the number of symbols for sending data, the number of subcarriers included in the data bandwidth, the positions of symbols, and the locations of subcarriers included in the data bandwidth (also referred to as subcarrier locations for short), etc.
  • the time-frequency resource may be notified by the second communication device to the first communication device, or may be determined by the first communication device itself, which is not limited in this application.
  • the symbols for sending data in the time-frequency resources may be OFDM symbols or SC-FDMA symbols, which are not limited in this application.
  • the number of symbols is represented as L.
  • the first data is sent within L symbols, where L is a positive integer greater than 1. That is, the first data is sent within at least 2 symbols.
  • the number of subcarriers contained in the data bandwidth is denoted as K.
  • the data bandwidth corresponding to each symbol contains the same number of subcarriers.
  • K subcarriers of each symbol can transmit K data units of the first data.
  • the index of the symbol in the L symbols of the time-frequency resource is expressed as l', and l' is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ l' ⁇ L-1.
  • Indexes of the K subcarriers of each symbol may be expressed as k', where k' is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ k' ⁇ K-1.
  • the positions of the K subcarriers included in the data bandwidth are denoted as I Freq .
  • the positions of the K subcarriers may be the positions of the K subcarriers in the subcarriers included in the system bandwidth. It is understandable that I Freq contains K elements.
  • I Freq (k′), k′ 0, 1, . . .
  • K ⁇ 1 is the position of the k′th subcarrier among the K subcarriers.
  • the positions of the K subcarriers of different symbols may be the same.
  • the positions of the L symbols are denoted as I Time .
  • the positions of the L symbols of the transmitted data may be the positions of the L symbols in all symbols for transmission.
  • all symbols for transmission may include symbols for sending data, and may also include symbols for sending reference signals.
  • I Time contains L elements.
  • the position I Time (l') of the l'th symbol corresponds to the index l' of the symbol, so the value of the index l' of the symbol can also be called the position of the l'th symbol.
  • the time-frequency resources may also include but not limited to: the number of symbols for sending data, the number of data units that can be sent per symbol, the location of symbols, and the number of symbols sent per symbol.
  • the location of the data unit, etc. the number of symbols is represented as L.
  • the first data is sent within L symbols, where L is a positive integer greater than 1. That is, the first data is sent within at least 2 symbols.
  • the number of data units (for example, differential data symbols) that can be transmitted in each symbol is denoted as K, which corresponds to the K positions of the data units transmitted in each symbol.
  • the K positions of the data units sent by each symbol are denoted as I Freq
  • the positions of the L symbols are denoted as I Time .
  • the position I Time (l') of the l'th symbol corresponds to the index l' of the symbol.
  • the k'th position I Freq (k') among the K positions of the data unit sent by each symbol corresponds to the index k'.
  • mapping relationship between the first data and the time-frequency resources specifically includes the following situations:
  • the first data is differential data
  • the data unit is a differential data symbol.
  • the first data is differential spread spectrum data
  • the data unit is differential spread spectrum data symbol.
  • the time-frequency resources include L symbols and K subcarriers. Mapping relationships include:
  • the first data is mapped along the L symbols in the first direction on the 2k subcarrier according to the data unit, and mapped along the L symbols in the second direction on the 2p+1 subcarrier.
  • the first direction is opposite to the second direction.
  • k is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2k ⁇ K-1
  • p is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2p+1 ⁇ K-1
  • l is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2l ⁇ L-1
  • q is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2q+1 ⁇ Integer of L-1.
  • L and K are integers greater than 1. It can be understood that the first direction may be a direction in which the symbol index increases, and the second direction is a direction in which the symbol index decreases. Alternatively, the first direction may be a direction in which the symbol index decreases, and the second direction is a direction in which the symbol index increases, which is not limited in this application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first mapping relationship between differential data and time-frequency resources provided in this application.
  • the 0th to 6th differential data symbols of the 0th subcarrier are mapped along 7 symbols in the first direction (for example, the first direction in FIG. 5 is the direction in which the symbol index increases).
  • the differential data is mapped along the 7 symbols in the second direction (the direction in which the symbol index decreases) on the 1st subcarrier
  • the 7th to 13th differential data symbols Since the direction of differential data mapping on the second subcarrier is opposite to the direction of differential data mapping on the first subcarrier, the 14th to 20th differences of differential data are mapped along the 7 symbols in the first direction on the second subcarrier data symbols, and so on.
  • the differential data is first mapped along different symbols in the first direction on the 2k subcarrier, and then along the different symbols in the second direction on the 2p+1 subcarrier.
  • the first direction is opposite to the second direction. It is possible to make the frequency-domain channels passed by two adjacent data units in the differential data (that is, the m-th differential data symbol and the m+1-th differential data symbol) the closest, for example, after frequency diversity (frequency diversity) is very close
  • the frequency domain channels passed by two adjacent data units in the differential data are closest to each other.
  • the time-domain offset causes the frequency-domain channels of different subcarriers to change, the frequency-domain channels passed by two adjacent data units in the differential data are still close, which is beneficial to improving demodulation performance.
  • mapping relationship shown in Figure 5 the data sent on the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource is expressed as Taking the first direction as the direction in which the symbol index increases and the second direction as the direction in which the symbol index decreases as an example, then the data sent on the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol
  • the mapping relationship with differential data x satisfies:
  • k' is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ k' ⁇ K-1
  • l' is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ l' ⁇ L-1.
  • the l'+k'Lth data unit of the differential data corresponds to the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource.
  • the l'+k'Lth data unit of the differential data is consistent with the data sent on the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource.
  • the mapping relationship between the differential data and the time-frequency resource is determined, that is, the mapping relationship between the differential data and the data sent in the time-frequency resource is determined.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a first mapping relationship between differential spread spectrum data and time-frequency resources provided in this application. It is assumed that the differential spread spectrum data shown in FIG. 6 is that elements of all spread spectrum blocks are arranged in sequence.
  • the direction of differential spread spectrum data mapping on the first subcarrier is opposite to the direction of differential spread spectrum data mapping on the zeroth subcarrier, then on the first subcarrier in the second direction (the direction in which the symbol index decreases) along the 8
  • the symbol maps the 8th to the 15th differential spread spectrum data symbols of the differential spread spectrum data (that is, the second spread spectrum block and the third spread spectrum block). Since the direction of differential spread spectrum data mapping on the second subcarrier is opposite to the direction of differential spread spectrum data mapping on the first subcarrier, the second subcarrier of differential spread spectrum data is mapped along the first direction along 8 symbols on the second subcarrier
  • the 16th to the 23rd differential spread spectrum data symbols that is, the 4th spread spectrum block and the 5th spread spectrum block
  • the differential spread spectrum data is first mapped along different symbols in the first direction on the 2k subcarrier, and then along the second direction on the 2p+1 subcarrier Different symbol maps.
  • the first direction is opposite to the second direction.
  • the frequency domain channels through which two adjacent differential spread data symbols in the spread spectrum block of the differential spread spectrum data are closest to each other can be made.
  • the frequency-domain channels passed by two adjacent elements in the spreading block are still the closest, and the adjacent spreading blocks ( That is, frequency domain channels passed by adjacent differential spread spectrum data corresponding to adjacent spread spectrum blocks are close to each other, which is beneficial to improve demodulation performance.
  • mapping relationship shown in Figure 6 the data sent on the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource is expressed as Taking the first direction as the direction in which the symbol index increases and the second direction as the direction in which the symbol index decreases as an example, then the data sent on the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol
  • the mapping relationship with the differential spread spectrum data x S satisfies:
  • the l'+k'Lth data unit of the differential spread spectrum data corresponds to the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource.
  • the l'+k'Lth data unit of the differential spread spectrum data is consistent with the data sent on the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource.
  • the mapping relationship between the differential spread spectrum data and the time-frequency resource is determined, that is, the mapping relationship between the differential spread spectrum data and the data sent in the time-frequency resource is determined.
  • the first data is differential spread spectrum data
  • the data unit is a differential spread spectrum data symbol block.
  • the differential spread spectrum data symbol block includes l block ⁇ k block differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the time-frequency resources include L symbols and K subcarriers. Mapping relationships include:
  • the first data is mapped along the L symbols in the first direction between the 2k ⁇ k block subcarrier and the (2k+1)k block -1 subcarrier according to the data unit, and the (2p+1)k block subcarrier Mapping from the carrier to the 2(p+1)k block -1 subcarrier along the L symbols in the second direction.
  • k is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ (2k+1)k block -1 ⁇ K-1.
  • p is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2(p+1)k block -1 ⁇ K-1.
  • l is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ (2l+1)l block -1 ⁇ L-1.
  • q is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2(q+1)l block -1 ⁇ L-1.
  • l block is an integer satisfying 1 ⁇ l block ⁇ L.
  • k block is an integer satisfying 1 ⁇ k block ⁇ K.
  • the spread spectrum blocks in the differential spread spectrum data can be mapped to multiple symbols and multiple subcarriers.
  • one spreading block includes K SF differential spreading data symbols.
  • One spreading block is mapped to l block consecutive symbols.
  • a spreading block is mapped to k block consecutive subcarriers in each symbol.
  • the values of l block and k block may be predefined, or may be notified by the second communication device to the first communication device, which is not limited in this application.
  • the l block and the k block can have different values, so that different scenarios can be flexibly adapted to make the frequency domain channels passed in the spreading block closer.
  • the number of symbols l block mapped by the spreading block may be greater than the number of subcarriers k block .
  • the number l block of symbols mapped to the spreading block may be smaller than the number k block of subcarriers.
  • the mapping manner of the differential spread spectrum data symbols in the spread spectrum block to l block ⁇ k block subcarriers may be predefined, or may be notified by the second communication device to the first communication device.
  • the differential spread spectrum data symbols in the spread spectrum block can be arranged along the frequency domain first, and then arranged along the time domain; or, they can be arranged along the time domain first, and then arranged along the frequency domain.
  • Fig. 7a shows that the 6 differential spread spectrum data symbols in the spread spectrum block are first arranged along 3 subcarriers in the frequency domain, and then arranged along 2 symbols in the time domain.
  • Fig. 7b shows that the 6 differential spread spectrum data symbols in the spread spectrum block are first arranged along 2 symbols in the time domain, and then arranged along 3 subcarriers in the frequency domain.
  • mapping relationship of the differential spread spectrum data to the time-frequency resource can be determined.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a mapping relationship between differential spread spectrum data mapped to time-frequency resources provided by the present application. It is assumed that the differential spread spectrum data shown in FIG. 8 is that elements of all spread spectrum blocks are arranged in order.
  • One spreading block includes 6 differential spreading data symbols. It is assumed that the 6 differential spread spectrum data symbols are mapped in 3 consecutive symbols, and 2 consecutive subcarriers of each symbol.
  • the first communication device first maps the 0th spreading block and the 1st spreading block on the 0th subcarrier and the 1st subcarrier in a first direction (for example, the first direction in FIG. 8 is the direction in which the symbol index increases).
  • the second spreading block and the third spreading block are mapped on the second subcarrier and the third subcarrier in the second direction (the direction in which the symbol index decreases).
  • the frequency domain channels through which two adjacent differential spread spectrum data symbols in the spread spectrum block pass are closest to each other in a low-speed scenario.
  • the time-domain offset causes the frequency-domain channel variation of different subcarriers and the frequency-domain offset causes the frequency-domain channel variation of different symbols to be close, it still makes the frequency domain of two adjacent differential spread data symbols in the spreading block pass through channel is closest. It can also make frequency domain channels passed by adjacent spreading blocks (that is, adjacent differential spreading data corresponding to adjacent spreading blocks) be close to each other, which is beneficial to improve demodulation performance.
  • the first data is differential data
  • the data unit is a differential data symbol.
  • the first data is differential spread spectrum data
  • the data unit is differential spread spectrum data symbol.
  • Time-frequency resources include L symbols and K subcarriers, and the mapping relationship includes:
  • the first data is mapped along the K subcarriers in the first direction in the 21st symbol according to the data unit, and mapped along the K subcarriers in the second direction in the 2q+1 symbol.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a second type of mapping relationship between differential data mapped to time-frequency resources provided in this application.
  • the 0th to 5th differential data symbols of the 0th symbol are mapped along the 6 subcarriers in the first direction (for example, the first direction in FIG. 9 is the direction in which the subcarrier index increases).
  • the differential data mapping on the 1st symbol is opposite to the direction of differential data mapping on the 0th symbol
  • the differential data is mapped along the 6 subcarriers in the second direction (the direction in which the subcarrier index decreases) in the first symbol
  • the 6th to 11th differential data symbols of Since the direction of differential data mapping on the second symbol is opposite to the direction of differential data mapping on the first symbol, the 12th to 17th differentials of the differential data are mapped along the 6 subcarriers in the first direction in the second symbol data symbols, and so on.
  • the first direction is opposite to the second direction.
  • the frequency domain channels passed by two adjacent data units in the differential data can be made closest.
  • the frequency domain channels passed by two adjacent data units in the differential data can be made closest.
  • the frequency domain offset causes the frequency domain channels of different symbols to change, the frequency domain channels passed by two adjacent data units in the differential data are still close, which is beneficial to improve the demodulation performance.
  • mapping relationship shown in Figure 9 the data sent on the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource is expressed as Taking the first direction as the direction in which the subcarrier index increases, and the second direction as the direction in which the subcarrier index decreases, as an example, the data sent on the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol
  • the mapping relationship with differential data x satisfies:
  • the k'+l'Kth data unit of the differential data corresponds to the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource.
  • the k'+l'Kth data unit of the differential data is consistent with the data sent on the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource.
  • the mapping relationship between the differential data and the time-frequency resource is determined, that is, the mapping relationship between the differential data and the data sent in the time-frequency resource is determined.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a mapping relationship between differential spread spectrum data mapped to time-frequency resources provided by the present application. It is assumed that the differential spread spectrum data shown in FIG. 10 is that elements of all spread spectrum blocks are arranged in sequence.
  • the second direction (the direction in which the subcarrier index decreases) along the 8 sub- Carrier maps the 8th to 15th elements of the differential spread spectrum data (that is, the second spread spectrum block and the third spread spectrum block). Since the direction of differential spread spectrum data mapping on the 2nd symbol is opposite to the direction of differential spread spectrum data mapping on the 1st symbol, the 16th segment of differential spread spectrum data is mapped along 8 subcarriers in the first direction in the 2nd symbol to the 23rd element (that is, the 4th spreading block and the 5th spreading block), and so on.
  • the differential spread spectrum data is first mapped along different subcarriers in the first direction at the 21st symbol, and then mapped along the second direction in the 2q+1 symbol with different subcarrier mappings.
  • the first direction is opposite to the second direction.
  • the frequency domain channels passed by two adjacent data units in the spreading block are the closest.
  • the frequency domain offset causes changes in frequency domain channels of different symbols and/or there is a small time domain offset
  • the frequency domain channels passed by two adjacent data units in the spreading block are still the closest. It can also make frequency domain channels passed by adjacent spreading blocks (that is, adjacent differential spreading data corresponding to adjacent spreading blocks) be close to each other, which is beneficial to improve demodulation performance.
  • mapping relationship shown in Figure 10 the data sent on the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource is expressed as Taking the first direction as the direction in which the subcarrier index increases, and the second direction as the direction in which the subcarrier index decreases, as an example, the data sent on the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol
  • the mapping relationship with the differential spread spectrum data x S satisfies:
  • the k'+l'Kth data unit of the differential spread spectrum data corresponds to the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource.
  • the k'+l'Kth data unit of the differential spread spectrum data is consistent with the data sent on the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource.
  • the mapping relationship between the differential spread spectrum data and the time-frequency resource is determined, that is, the mapping relationship between the differential spread spectrum data and the data sent in the time-frequency resource is determined.
  • the first data is differential spread spectrum data
  • the data unit is a differential spread spectrum data symbol block.
  • the differential spread spectrum data symbol block includes l block ⁇ k block differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the time-frequency resources include L symbols and K subcarriers. Mapping relationships include:
  • the first data is mapped along K subcarriers in the first direction between the 2l ⁇ l block symbol and the (2l+1)l block -1 symbol according to the data unit, and the (2q+1)l block From the symbol to the 2nd(q+1)l block -1 symbol, mapping along the K subcarriers in the second direction.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a fourth type of mapping relationship between differential spread spectrum data and time-frequency resources provided in this application. It is assumed that the differential spread spectrum data shown in FIG. 11 is that elements of all spread spectrum blocks are arranged in sequence.
  • One spreading block includes 6 differential spreading data symbols. It is assumed that the 6 differentially spread data symbols are mapped in 2 consecutive symbols, and 3 consecutive subcarriers of each symbol.
  • the first communication device first maps the 0th spreading block and the 1st spreading block in the 0th symbol and the 1st symbol in the first direction (for example, the first direction in Figure 11 is the direction in which the subcarrier index increases) .
  • the second spreading block and the third spreading block are mapped in the second direction (the direction in which the symbol index decreases) on the second symbol and the third symbol. Then map the 4th spreading block and the 5th spreading block in the first direction on the 4th symbol and the 5th symbol, and so on.
  • the frequency domain channels through which two adjacent differential spread spectrum data symbols in the spread spectrum block pass are the closest in the high-speed scenario.
  • the time-domain offset causes the frequency-domain channel variation of different subcarriers and the frequency-domain offset causes the frequency-domain channel variation of different symbols to be close, it still makes the frequency domain of two adjacent differential spread data symbols in the spreading block pass through channel is closest. It can also make frequency domain channels passed by adjacent spreading blocks (that is, adjacent differential spreading data corresponding to adjacent spreading blocks) be close to each other, which is beneficial to improve demodulation performance.
  • the mapping relationships described in the foregoing case 1 to case 4 may be predefined.
  • the first communication device may predefine one of the mapping relationships shown in FIGS. 5 to 11 .
  • N MAP is an integer greater than 1.
  • the different mapping relationships of the N MAPs may be predefined, or may be indicated by high-layer signaling.
  • the first communication device may select a mapping relationship from N MAP different mapping relationships as the mapping relationship between differential data/differential spread spectrum data and time-frequency resources, and then may notify the selected mapping relationship to a second communication device.
  • the mapping relationship described in the foregoing case 1 to case 4 may be notified by the second communication device to the first communication device in a signaling manner. For example, you can use bit signaling.
  • the values from 0 to N MAP ⁇ 1 indicated by the signaling correspond to the different mapping relationships of N MAP one by one.
  • the second communication device may send the value indicated by the signaling to the first communication device.
  • the first communication device determines a mapping relationship between differential data/differential spread spectrum data and time-frequency resources according to the acquired value indicated by the signaling.
  • the first communication device can map the differential data/differential spread spectrum data based on the mapping relationship described in the above-mentioned cases 1 to 4 to obtain the data sent by the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource (that is, ).
  • the data that can be sent according to the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource Generate data for OFDM symbols or generate data for SC-FDMA symbols. Therefore, the first communication device transmits the data of the OFDM symbol of the l'th symbol or the data of the SC-FDMA symbol of the l'th symbol on the time-frequency resource.
  • the first communication device maps the first data to time-frequency resources for transmission, which may include the following steps:
  • mapping the first data to the time-frequency resource and generating data of an OFDM symbol according to the data on the time-frequency resource;
  • the data sent by the l′th symbol of the time-frequency resource can be Inverse Fourier transform is performed to obtain OFDM symbol data.
  • the inverse Fourier transform can be inverse discrete Fourier transform (inverse discrete fourier transform, IDFT), or fast Fourier transform (inverse fast fourier transform, IFFT), or other forms of inverse Fourier transform transform.
  • IDFT inverse discrete fourier transform
  • IFFT fast Fourier transform
  • the first communication device maps the first data to time-frequency resources for transmission, which may include the following steps:
  • the time-frequency resources may include, but are not limited to: the number of symbols for sending data, the number of data units that can be sent per symbol, the positions of symbols, the positions of data units sent by each symbol, and the like.
  • the data sent by the l′th symbol of the time-frequency resource can be The Fourier transform is performed to obtain the output data of the Fourier transform (for example, expressed as y l′ ). Then inverse Fourier transform is performed on the output data y l' of the Fourier transform to obtain SC-FDMA symbol data. Specifically, the output data y l' of the Fourier transform and the data sent by the l'th symbol The relation satisfies:
  • y l' (r) represents the rth data unit (that is, the rth value) of the output data yl ' .
  • r is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ r ⁇ K-1.
  • the rth element of the Fourier transform output data y l' corresponding to the l'th symbol can be mapped to the rth subcarrier in the time-frequency resource. That is to say, the rth element of y l' is sent on the rth subcarrier of the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource.
  • the Fourier transform may be a discrete Fourier transform (discrete fourier transform, DFT) or a fast Fourier transform (fast fourier transform, FFT), and may also be other forms of Fourier transform.
  • DFT discrete Fourier transform
  • FFT fast fourier transform
  • the process of Fourier transform reference may also be made to the corresponding description in the protocol standard, which is not limited in this application.
  • the first communication device may output the initialization differential data, or may not output the initialization differential data. It can be understood that initializing the differential data is also an initial value of the first data.
  • the first communication device may not send the initialization difference data.
  • the initialization differential data is known to both the first communication device and the second communication device.
  • the initial differential data is a predefined value.
  • the second communication device may send the initialization difference data to the first communication device.
  • the first communication device receives the initialization difference data, and generates first data based on the initialization difference data. For example, take the first communication device as a terminal device and the second communication device as a base station device as an example.
  • the second communication device sends downlink control information (downlink control information, DCI) to the first communication device.
  • DCI downlink control information
  • the DCI carries initialization differential data.
  • the second communication device sends high-level signaling to the first communication device, where the high-level signaling indicates the value of the initialized differential data.
  • the first communication device may send the initialization difference data to the second communication device.
  • the first communication device sends an uplink control information (uplink control information, UCI) message to the second communication device, where the message carries initialization differential data.
  • uplink control information uplink control information, UCI
  • the first communication device sends high-level signaling to the second communication device, where the high-level signaling indicates the value of the initialized differential data.
  • the first communication device maps the first data to the time-frequency resource for transmission, it also transmits the initialization difference data.
  • the first communication device may send the initialization differential data used in the transmission.
  • the first communication device may combine the initialization difference data and the difference data to obtain combined difference data.
  • the relationship between the merged differential data and the initialized differential data and differential data satisfies:
  • x(m') represents the m'th differential data symbol among at least two differential data symbols.
  • x(-1) means to initialize the differential data.
  • x 1 (m') is the m'th element representing the merged difference data. It can be understood that the merged difference data includes M+1 values.
  • the first data may be combined difference data, or the first data may be output data obtained by performing spectrum spreading processing on the combined difference data.
  • the first communication device may send different transport blocks (transport block, TB) in different transmission processes.
  • the first communication device may also divide a transmission block into multiple sub-blocks and send them sequentially in different transmission processes, which is not limited in this application.
  • the first communication device may send the initialization differential data during the first transmission process, and not send the initialization differential data during the remaining transmission processes. In the rest of the transmission process, the initial differential data is the initial differential data used in the first transmission process.
  • the output of the initial differential data by the first communication device can prevent the phase ambiguity of the 0th element of the modulated data obtained by de-differentiation by the second communication device, thereby affecting the demodulation performance.
  • the second communication device receives first data on the time-frequency resource, and demodulates the first data based on the mapping relationship.
  • the first data when the first data are data of different types, different demodulation modes are corresponding.
  • demodulating the first data when the first data is differential data, demodulating the first data means de-difference.
  • demodulating the first data when the first data is differential spread spectrum data, demodulating the first data means de-differentiation and de-spreading.
  • the second communication device receives the OFDM symbol data sent by the first communication device, and then performs Fourier transform on the OFDM symbol data to obtain received frequency domain data.
  • the second communication device obtains the data received through the l'th symbol of the multipath channel from the received frequency domain data According to the mapping relationship between differential data and time-frequency resources and the data received by the l'th symbol Differential data can be obtained through multipath channels For differential data passing through a multipath channel De-difference to obtain the restored modulated data Taking BPSK modulation or QPSK modulation as an example, the restored modulation data Differential data with multipath channel The relation satisfies:
  • differential data The frequency-domain channel passed can be denoted as H(m). Neglecting the influence of Gaussian noise, the differential data passing through the multipath channel The relationship with the sent differential data x is approximately satisfied:
  • H(m-1) H(m)
  • 2 where
  • the modulated data d sent by the terminal device may be different in amplitude, but the phase is the same. For low-order modulations such as BPSK and QPSK, relatively excellent demodulation performance can be obtained based on this.
  • the restored modulated data The 0th element of satisfies:
  • the restored modulated data The 0th element of The phase of may be different from the phase of the 0th element d(0) of the modulated data sent by the first communication device.
  • the phase difference between the two is related to the frequency domain channel H(0), and H(0) is unknown. That is, the restored modulated data The 0th element of There is phase ambiguity.
  • the demodulation performance may be affected. Therefore, when the first communication device uses K subcarriers to send data in each symbol, the number of symbols for sending differential data can be increased.
  • the differential data is sent within L>1 symbol, thereby increasing the data length of the differential data (modulation data), thereby reducing the effect of the 0th element of the modulation data restored by the second communication device on the demodulation performance due to phase ambiguity Impact.
  • the frequency domain channels of different subcarriers of each symbol can be considered to be multiplied by a phase, and the value of the phase is related to the size of the time offset and the index of the subcarrier.
  • the parameter ⁇ in the phase e j2 ⁇ *k′ is determined according to the magnitude of the time domain offset.
  • the index k' represents the index of the subcarrier to which the differential data x(m) is mapped. It can be understood that the equivalent frequency domain channel through which the frequency domain data passes is expressed as H(m) multiplied by the phase e j2 ⁇ *k′ .
  • the differential data is first mapped along different symbols in the first direction on the 2k subcarrier according to the mapping relationship shown in FIG. 5 , and then mapped along different symbols in the second direction on the 2p+1 subcarrier.
  • the position of the subcarriers of most of the two adjacent data units in the differential data can be made the same, and the difference between the symbol positions is 1.
  • the second communication device solves the difference, the frequency-domain channels passed by two adjacent data units in the differential data are less affected by the time-domain offset, which can improve the demodulation performance of the receiver when there is a time-domain offset.
  • the frequency domain channels of different symbols of each subcarrier are also multiplied by a phase, and the value of the phase is related to the magnitude of the frequency offset and the index of the symbol. It can be understood that the larger the frequency domain offset is, the faster the phase values corresponding to two adjacent symbols change. That is to say, the frequency domain channel of different symbols changes faster.
  • the differential data is first mapped along different subcarriers in the first direction on the 21st symbol, and then mapped along different subcarriers in the second direction on the 2q+1 symbol. With this mapping method, most of the symbol positions of two adjacent data units in the differential data are the same, and the difference between subcarrier positions is 1. Then, when the second communication device solves the difference, the frequency domain channels passed by two adjacent data units in the differential data are less affected by the frequency domain offset, which can improve the demodulation performance of the receiver when there is a frequency domain offset.
  • the present application provides a variety of mapping relationships between differential data/differential spread spectrum data and time-frequency resources, which can adapt to requirements of different time-domain offsets and/or frequency-domain offsets.
  • the transmitter can select the appropriate mapping relationship between differential data/differential spread spectrum data and time-frequency resources according to the size of the time domain offset and/or frequency domain offset, thereby reducing the difference between two adjacent differential data when the receiver solves the difference.
  • the change of the inter-channel is beneficial to improve the demodulation performance of the receiver.
  • mapping relationship between the first data and the time-frequency resources in step 302 may also include the following situations:
  • the first data is differential data, and the data unit is a differential data symbol.
  • the first data is differential spread spectrum data
  • the data unit is differential spread spectrum data symbol.
  • the time-frequency resources include L symbols and K subcarriers. Mapping relationships include:
  • the first data is mapped along the L symbols in the first direction on the 2k subcarrier according to the data unit, and mapped along the L symbols in the first direction on the 2p+1 subcarrier.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a third mapping relationship between differential data mapped to time-frequency resources provided in this application.
  • the 0th to 6th differential data symbols of the 0th subcarrier are mapped along 7 symbols in the first direction (for example, the first direction in FIG. 12 is the direction in which the symbol index increases).
  • the 7th to 13th differential data symbols of the differential data along the 7 symbols in the first direction on the first subcarrier continue to map the 14th to 20th differential data symbols of the differential data along the 7 symbols in the first direction on the second subcarrier, and so on.
  • mapping relationship shown in Figure 12 the data sent on the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource is expressed as Taking the first direction as the direction in which the symbol index increases and the second direction as the direction in which the symbol index decreases as an example, then the data sent on the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol
  • the mapping relationship with differential data x satisfies:
  • the l'+k'Lth data unit of the differential data corresponds to the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource.
  • the l'+k'Lth data unit of the differential data is consistent with the data sent on the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource.
  • the mapping relationship between the differential data and the time-frequency resource is determined, that is, the mapping relationship between the differential data and the data sent in the time-frequency resource is determined.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a mapping relationship between the fifth type of differential spread spectrum data mapped to time-frequency resources provided in this application. It is assumed that the differential spread spectrum data shown in FIG. 13 is that elements of all spread spectrum blocks are arranged in order.
  • the differential spread spectrum data is first mapped along different symbols in the first direction on the 2k subcarrier, and then continues to be mapped in the first direction on the 2p+1 subcarrier Map along different symbols.
  • the time domain offset causes the frequency domain channels of different subcarriers to change, it is possible to make the frequency domain channels passed by two adjacent data units in the spreading block as close as possible, and make adjacent spreading blocks (that is, adjacent spreading The frequency domain channels passed by the adjacent differential data corresponding to the blocks are close, which is beneficial to improve the demodulation performance.
  • mapping relationship shown in Figure 13 the data sent on the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource is expressed as Taking the first direction as the direction in which the symbol index increases and the second direction as the direction in which the symbol index decreases as an example, then the data sent on the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol
  • the mapping relationship with the differential spread spectrum data x S satisfies:
  • the l'+k'Lth element of the differential spread spectrum data corresponds to the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource.
  • the l'+k'Lth element of the differential spread spectrum data is consistent with the data sent on the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource.
  • the mapping relationship between the differential spread spectrum data and the time-frequency resource is determined, that is, the mapping relationship between the differential spread spectrum data and the data sent in the time-frequency resource is determined.
  • the first data is differential data
  • the data unit is a differential data symbol.
  • the first data is differential spread spectrum data
  • the data unit is differential spread spectrum data symbol.
  • Time-frequency resources include L symbols and K subcarriers, and the mapping relationship includes:
  • the first data is mapped along the K subcarriers in the first direction at the 21st symbol according to the data unit, and mapped along the K subcarriers at the 2q+1 symbol along the first direction.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a fourth type of mapping relationship between differential data and time-frequency resources provided in this application.
  • the 0th to 5th differential data symbols of the 0th symbol are mapped along the 6 subcarriers in the first direction (for example, the first direction in FIG. 14 is the direction in which the subcarrier index increases).
  • the 6th to 11th differential data symbols of the differential data along the 6 subcarriers in the first symbol in the first direction continue to map the 12th to 17th differential data symbols of the differential data along the 6 subcarriers in the first direction in the second symbol, and so on.
  • the differential data is first mapped along different subcarriers in the first direction at the 21st symbol, and then continues along the first direction at the 2q+1 symbol Different subcarrier mappings.
  • the frequency domain offset causes the frequency domain channels of different symbols to change, it is possible to make the frequency domain channels passed by two adjacent data units in the differential data as close as possible, which is beneficial to improve the demodulation performance.
  • mapping relationship shown in Figure 14 the data sent on the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource is expressed as Taking the first direction as the direction in which the subcarrier index increases, and the second direction as the direction in which the subcarrier index decreases, as an example, the data sent on the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol
  • the mapping relationship with differential data x satisfies:
  • the k'+l'Kth data unit of the differential data corresponds to the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource.
  • the k'+l'Kth data unit of the differential data is consistent with the data sent on the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource.
  • the mapping relationship between the differential data and the time-frequency resource is determined, that is, the mapping relationship between the differential data and the data sent in the time-frequency resource is determined.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a sixth mapping relationship between differential spread spectrum data and time-frequency resources provided in this application. It is assumed that the differential spread spectrum data shown in FIG. 15 is that elements of all spread spectrum blocks are arranged in sequence.
  • the first symbol continue to map the 8th to 15th elements of the differential spread spectrum data along the 8 subcarriers in the first direction (ie, the second spread spectrum block and the third spread spectrum block).
  • the second symbol continue to map the 16th to 23rd elements of the differential spread spectrum data along the 8 subcarriers in the first direction (that is, the 4th spread spectrum block and the 5th spread spectrum block), and so on.
  • the differential spread spectrum data is first mapped along different subcarriers in the first direction at the 21st symbol, and then continues to be mapped in the first direction at the 2q+1 symbol Mapping along different subcarriers.
  • the frequency domain offset causes the frequency domain channels of different symbols to change, it is possible to make the frequency domain channels passed by two adjacent data units in the spreading block as close as possible. It is also possible to make the frequency domain channels passed by adjacent spreading blocks (that is, adjacent differential spreading data corresponding to adjacent spreading blocks) as close as possible, which is beneficial to improve demodulation performance.
  • mapping relationship shown in Figure 15 the data sent on the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource is expressed as Taking the first direction as the direction in which the subcarrier index increases, and the second direction as the direction in which the subcarrier index decreases, as an example, the data sent on the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol
  • the mapping relationship with the differential spread spectrum data x S satisfies:
  • the k'+l'Kth data unit of the differential spread spectrum data corresponds to the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource.
  • the k'+l'Kth data unit of the differential spread spectrum data is consistent with the data sent on the k'th subcarrier in the l'th symbol of the time-frequency resource.
  • the mapping relationship between the differential spread spectrum data and the time-frequency resource is determined, that is, the mapping relationship between the differential spread spectrum data and the data sent in the time-frequency resource is determined.
  • the first data is differential spread spectrum data
  • the data unit is a differential spread spectrum data symbol block.
  • the differential spread spectrum data symbol block includes l block ⁇ k block differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the time-frequency resources include L symbols and K subcarriers. Mapping relationships include:
  • the first data is mapped along the L symbols in the first direction between the 2k ⁇ k block subcarrier and the (2k+1)k block -1 subcarrier according to the data unit, and the (2p+1)k block subcarrier Mapping between the carrier and the 2(p+1)k block -1 subcarrier along the L symbols in the first direction.
  • the spread spectrum blocks in the differential spread spectrum data can be mapped to multiple symbols and multiple subcarriers.
  • the mapping manner of the differential spread spectrum data symbols in the spread spectrum block and the mapping relationship of the spread spectrum block to the time-frequency resource Based on the mapping manner of the differential spread spectrum data symbols in the spread spectrum block and the mapping relationship of the spread spectrum block to the time-frequency resource, the mapping relationship of the differential spread spectrum data to the time-frequency resource can be determined.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a mapping relationship between differential spread spectrum data and time-frequency resources provided by the present application. It is assumed that the differential spread spectrum data shown in FIG. 16 is that elements of all spread spectrum blocks are arranged sequentially.
  • One spreading block includes 6 differential spreading data symbols. It is assumed that the 6 differential spread spectrum data symbols are mapped in 3 consecutive symbols, and 2 consecutive subcarriers of each symbol.
  • the first communication device first maps the 0th spreading block and the 1st spreading block on the 0th subcarrier and the 1st subcarrier in a first direction (for example, the first direction in FIG. 16 is the direction in which the symbol index increases).
  • the first communication device adopts the mapping relationship shown in FIG. 16 , it can try to make the frequency domain channels passed by two adjacent data units in the spreading block as close as possible in the low-speed scenario.
  • the time-domain offset causes frequency-domain channel changes of different subcarriers and the frequency-domain offset causes frequency-domain channel changes of different symbols to be close
  • the first data is differential spread spectrum data
  • the data unit is a differential spread spectrum data symbol block.
  • the differential spread spectrum data symbol block includes l block ⁇ k block differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the time-frequency resources include L symbols and K subcarriers. Mapping relationships include:
  • the first data is mapped along K subcarriers in the first direction between the 2l ⁇ l block symbol and the (2l+1)l block -1 symbol according to the data unit, and the (2q+1)l block From the symbol to the 2nd(q+1)l block -1 symbol, mapping along the K subcarriers in the first direction.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the eighth type of mapping relationship between differential spread spectrum data and time-frequency resources provided in this application. It is assumed that the differential spread spectrum data shown in FIG. 17 is that elements of all spread spectrum blocks are arranged sequentially.
  • One spreading block includes 6 differential spreading data symbols. It is assumed that the 6 differentially spread data symbols are mapped in 2 consecutive symbols, and 3 consecutive subcarriers of each symbol.
  • the first communication device first maps the 0th spreading block and the 1st spreading block in the 0th symbol and the 1st symbol in the first direction (for example, the first direction in Figure 17 is the direction in which the subcarrier index increases) . Then continue to map the second spreading block and the third spreading block in the first direction on the second symbol and the third symbol. Then continue to map the 4th spreading block and the 5th spreading block in the first direction on the 4th symbol and the 5th symbol, and so on.
  • the first communication device when it adopts the mapping relationship shown in FIG. 17 , it can try to make the frequency domain channels through which two adjacent differential spread spectrum data symbols in the spread spectrum block pass close to each other in the high-speed scenario.
  • the time domain offset causes the frequency domain channel changes of different subcarriers and the frequency domain offset causes the frequency domain channel changes of different symbols to be close
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic flowchart of another data processing method provided by the present application.
  • the data processing method is applied to the communication system shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the data processing method may be performed by the first communication device, including the following steps:
  • the first communication device determines a Pi/2 binary phase shift keying Pi/2-BPSK modulation mode.
  • the first communication device generates second data in a Pi/2-BPSK modulation manner, where the second data includes at least two differential data symbols, and a phase difference between two adjacent differential data symbols is ⁇ /2 or - ⁇ /2.
  • the first communication device generates the second data in a Pi/2-BPSK modulation manner, which may be modulated data by modulating the bit data to be transmitted, and differentially modulated the modulated data to obtain the second data.
  • the modulated data includes at least two data units (ie, at least two modulated data symbols), and the second data includes at least two data units (ie, at least two differential data symbols).
  • the above steps 1801 and 1802 may be understood as steps for the first communication device to obtain the second data.
  • the Pi/2-BPSK modulation method described in this application improves the existing Pi/2-BPSK modulation method, so that the Pi/2-BPSK modulation method of this application is used to generate the second
  • the data is still Pi/2-BPSK modulation data, and still has the characteristics of low PAPR, which is beneficial to data demodulation.
  • the modulated data is modulated based on the bit data to be transmitted, and the phase difference between two adjacent modulation symbols of the modulated data is ⁇ /2 or - ⁇ /2.
  • the PAPR of the SC-FDMA symbols generated based on the modulated data is relatively low, and has low PAPR characteristics. It is beneficial to increase the transmission power of the generated SC-FDMA symbols and improve the demodulation performance.
  • the first communication device may generate the SC-FDMA symbol of the modulation symbol based on each modulation symbol in the modulation data, and then superimpose the SC-FDMA symbols of each modulation symbol to obtain the SC-FDMA symbol generated based on the modulation data. FDMA symbols.
  • differential modulation is performed to generate differential data.
  • the phase difference between two adjacent modulation symbols in the differential data is not only ⁇ /2 or - ⁇ /2, but may have more values of phase difference.
  • the SC-FDMA symbols of two adjacent differential data symbols in the differential data may overlap in the same direction, resulting in a high PAPR. Therefore, based on the differential data generated by the traditional Pi/2-BPSK modulation method, the PAPR of the regenerated SC-FDMA symbols is relatively high, which will affect the demodulation performance.
  • the first communication device modulates bit data to be sent to obtain modulated data.
  • the relationship between the bit data to be sent and the modulated data satisfies formula (2).
  • the modulated data is differentially modulated to obtain second data.
  • the relationship between the modulated data and the second data satisfies the formula (5), and the second data is x in the formula (5).
  • Formula (2) is used, so that the mth data unit (modulation symbol) d(m) in the modulated data is 1 or -1. At this time, the phase difference between any two modulation symbols is ⁇ or 0.
  • the modulated data is differentially modulated to obtain the second data
  • the number of phase difference values between two adjacent data units (differential data symbols) in the second data can be reduced, thereby reducing PAPR.
  • the phase difference between two adjacent differential data symbols in the second data can be ⁇ /2 or - ⁇ /2, which can reduce PAPR.
  • the first communication device modulates bit data to be sent to obtain modulated data.
  • the relationship between the bit data to be sent and the modulated data satisfies formula (6).
  • the modulated data is differentially modulated to obtain second data.
  • the relationship between the modulated data and the second data satisfies the formula (1), and the second data is expressed as x in the formula (1).
  • Formula (6) is used, so that the mth data unit (modulation symbol) d(m) in the modulated data is j or -j. At this time, the phase difference between any two modulation symbols is ⁇ or 0.
  • the modulated data when the modulated data is differentially obtained to obtain the second data, the number of phase difference values between two adjacent data units (differential data symbols) in the second data can be reduced, thereby reducing PAPR.
  • the phase difference between two adjacent differential data symbols in the second data can be ⁇ /2 or - ⁇ /2, which can reduce PAPR.
  • the first communication device may determine an improved BPSK modulation manner.
  • the first communication device generates second data by using the improved BPSK modulation mode.
  • the second data includes at least two differential data symbols, and the phase difference between any two differential data symbols is ⁇ or 0.
  • the first communication device modulates the bit data to be sent to obtain modulated data, and the relationship between the bit data to be sent and the modulated data satisfies formula (2).
  • the modulated data is differentially modulated to obtain second data, the relationship between the modulated data and the second data satisfies formula (1), and the second data is expressed as x in formula (1).
  • the second data can still be BPSK modulation data (that is, the phase difference between any two differential data symbols is ⁇ or 0), and the PAPR of the SC-FDMA symbol generated based on the second data is relatively low, compared with the SC-FDMA symbol based on BPSK modulation data.
  • the PAPR of the FDMA symbols is consistent.
  • the first communication device may determine an improved QPSK modulation manner.
  • the first communication device generates second data by using the improved QPSK modulation mode.
  • the second data includes at least two differential data symbols.
  • the first communication device modulates the bit data to be sent to obtain modulated data, and the relationship between the bit data to be sent and the modulated data satisfies formula (3) or formula (4).
  • the modulated data is differentially modulated to obtain second data, the relationship between the modulated data and the second data satisfies formula (1), and the second data is expressed as x in formula (1).
  • the second data may still be QPSK modulated data, and the PAPR of the SC-FDMA symbols generated based on the second data is relatively low, which is consistent with the PAPR of the SC-FDMA symbols generated based on the QPSK modulated data.
  • the first communication device may further perform spectrum spreading processing on the second data to obtain spread spectrum data of the second data, and the first communication device may generate SC-FDMA symbols based on the spread spectrum data of the second data.
  • the device or equipment provided by this application may include a hardware structure and/or a software module, and realize the above-mentioned functions in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module. Whether one of the above-mentioned functions is executed in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.
  • the division of modules in this application is schematic, and is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation.
  • each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processor, or physically exist separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.
  • the above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software function modules.
  • FIG. 19 is a device 1900 provided by the present application, which is used to implement the data processing method in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the device may also be a system on a chip.
  • the device 1900 includes a communication interface 1901, which may be, for example, a transceiver, an interface, a bus, a circuit, or a device capable of implementing a sending and receiving function. Wherein, the communication interface 1901 is used to communicate with other devices through a transmission medium, so that devices used in the access network device 1900 can communicate with other devices.
  • Device 1900 also includes at least one processor 1902 .
  • the processor 1902 and the communication interface 1901 are configured to implement the methods executed by the first communication device and the second communication device in the method embodiments corresponding to FIG. 3 to FIG. 18 .
  • the communication interface 1901 and the processor 1902 are used to implement the method executed by the first communication device in the method embodiments corresponding to FIG. 3 to FIG. 11 .
  • the device 1900 may be a terminal device, or a device in the terminal device, or a device that can be matched with the terminal device.
  • the communication interface 1901 is used to obtain the first data.
  • the first data includes at least two differential data symbols, or at least two differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the processor 1902 is configured to map the first data to the time-frequency resource for transmission based on the mapping relationship between the first data and the time-frequency resource.
  • the mapping relationship includes: two adjacent data units in the first data are adjacent in the time domain or adjacent in the frequency domain on the time-frequency resource.
  • the data unit is any one of the following: differential data symbols, differential spread spectrum data symbols, and differential spread spectrum data symbol blocks.
  • the steps performed by the communication interface 1901 and the processor 1902 enable the first data to be sent within a plurality of symbols.
  • the first communication device can flexibly select the mapping relationship of the first data on the time-frequency resource according to different scenarios of time-domain offset or frequency-domain offset. Based on the mapping relationship, when the time domain offset or the frequency domain offset causes the frequency domain channel to change, the frequency domain channels passed by two adjacent data units in the first data can be close to each other, which is beneficial to improving demodulation performance.
  • the communication interface 1901 and the processor 1902 are used to implement the method executed by the second communication device in the method embodiments corresponding to FIG. 3 to FIG. 11 .
  • the device 1900 may be a network device, or a device in the network device, or a device that can be matched with the network device.
  • the communication interface 1901 is used for receiving first data on time-frequency resources, and the first data includes at least two differential data symbols, or at least two differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the processor 1902 is configured to demodulate the first data based on the mapping relationship.
  • the mapping relationship includes: two adjacent data units in the first data are adjacent in the time domain or adjacent in the frequency domain on the time-frequency resource.
  • the data unit is any one of the following: differential data symbols, differential spread spectrum data symbols, and differential spread spectrum data symbol blocks.
  • the steps performed by the communication interface 1901 and the processor 1902 make it possible to reduce the channel between two adjacent data units when the receiver demodulates when the first data is mapped to time-frequency resources for transmission based on the mapping relationship. The change. Therefore, when the receiver demodulates the first data based on the mapping relationship, the demodulation performance of the receiver is improved.
  • the communication interface 1901 and the processor 1902 are used to implement the method executed by the first communication device in the method embodiments corresponding to FIG. 12 to FIG. 15 .
  • the device 1900 may be a terminal device, or a device in the terminal device, or a device that can be matched with the terminal device.
  • the communication interface 1901 is used to obtain first data, and the first data includes at least two differential data symbols, or at least two differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the processor 1902 is configured to map the first data to the time-frequency resource for transmission based on the mapping relationship between the first data and the time-frequency resource.
  • the time-frequency resources include L symbols and K subcarriers.
  • the mapping relationship includes: the first data is mapped along the L symbols in the first direction on the 2kth subcarrier according to the data unit, and the 2p+1th subcarrier is mapped along the L symbols in the first direction; or, the mapping relationship includes: A piece of data is mapped along the K subcarriers in the first direction in the 21st symbol according to the data unit, and mapped along the K subcarriers in the first direction in the 2q+1 symbol.
  • the data unit is a differential data symbol or a differential spread spectrum data symbol.
  • k is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2k ⁇ K-1
  • p is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2p+1 ⁇ K-1
  • l is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2l ⁇ L-1
  • q is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2q+1 ⁇ Integer of L-1.
  • L and K are integers greater than 1.
  • the steps performed by the communication interface 1901 and the processor 1902 are in a scenario where there is no time domain offset or frequency domain offset, so that the first communication device can use the above mapping relationship to map two adjacent The differential data symbols or differential spread spectrum data symbols are mapped to time-frequency resources for transmission.
  • the mapping relationship is relatively simple and easier to implement.
  • the frequency domain channels through which two adjacent differential data symbols or differential spread spectrum data symbols in the first data pass through can also be close, which is conducive to improving demodulation performance.
  • the communication interface 1901 and the processor 1902 are used to implement the method executed by the first communication device in the method embodiments corresponding to FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 .
  • the device 1900 may be a terminal device, or a device in the terminal device, or a device that can be matched with the terminal device.
  • the communication interface 1901 is used to obtain first data, and the first data includes at least two differential data symbols, or at least two differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the processor 1902 is configured to map the first data to the time-frequency resource for transmission based on the mapping relationship between the first data and the time-frequency resource.
  • the time-frequency resources include L symbols and K subcarriers. Mapping relationships include:
  • the first data is mapped along the L symbols in the first direction between the 2k ⁇ k block subcarrier and the (2k+1)k block -1 subcarrier according to the data unit, and the (2p+1)k block subcarrier Mapping between the carrier and the 2(p+1)k block -1 subcarrier along the L symbols in the first direction. or,
  • the first data is mapped along K subcarriers in the first direction between the 2l ⁇ l block symbol and the (2l+1)l block -1 symbol according to the data unit, and the (2q+1)l block From the symbol to the 2nd(q+1)l block -1 symbol, mapping along the K subcarriers in the first direction.
  • the data unit is a differential spread spectrum data symbol block.
  • the differential spread spectrum data symbol block includes l block ⁇ k block differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • k is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ (2k+1)k block -1 ⁇ K-1.
  • p is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2(p+1)k block -1 ⁇ K-1.
  • l is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ (2l+1)l block -1 ⁇ L-1.
  • q is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2(q+1)l block -1 ⁇ L-1.
  • l block is an integer satisfying 1 ⁇ l block ⁇ L.
  • k block is an integer satisfying 1 ⁇ k block ⁇ K.
  • L and K are integers greater than 1.
  • the steps performed by the communication interface 1901 and the processor 1902 are in a scenario where there is no time domain offset or frequency domain offset, so that the first communication device can use the above mapping relationship to map two adjacent The differential spread spectrum data symbol blocks are mapped to time-frequency resources for transmission.
  • the mapping relationship is relatively simple and easier to implement.
  • the frequency-domain channels through which two adjacent differentially spread data symbol blocks in the first data pass can also be close, which is beneficial to improving demodulation performance.
  • the communication interface 1901 and the processor 1902 are used to implement the method executed by the first communication device in the method embodiment corresponding to FIG. 18 .
  • the device 1900 may be a terminal device, or a device in the terminal device, or a device that can be matched with the terminal device.
  • the communication interface 1901 is used to obtain second data, and the second data includes at least two differential data symbols.
  • the second data is a differential data symbol generated by Pi/2 binary phase shift keying Pi/2-BPSK modulation, and the phase difference between two adjacent differential data symbols is ⁇ /2 or - ⁇ /2.
  • the steps performed by the communication interface 1901 and the processor 1902 adopt a modified Pi/2-BPSK modulation method to generate differential data symbols.
  • the phase difference of the differential data symbols generated by this application is ⁇ /2 or - The two values of ⁇ /2 are convenient for data demodulation.
  • Device 1900 may also include at least one memory 1903 for storing program instructions and/or data.
  • the memory 1903 is coupled to the processor 1902. Coupling in this application is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units or modules, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information exchange between devices, units or modules.
  • Processor 1902 may cooperate with memory 1903 .
  • Processor 1902 may execute program instructions stored in memory 1903 .
  • the at least one memory is integrated with the processor.
  • the specific connection medium among the communication interface 1901 , the processor 1902 and the memory 1903 is not limited in this application.
  • the present application connects the memory 1903, the processor 1902, and the communication interface 1901 through the bus 1904.
  • the bus is represented by a thick line in FIG. Do not limit yourself.
  • the bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus and so on. For ease of representation, only one thick line is used in FIG. 19 , but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • a processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component, and may realize or execute the present invention.
  • a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the methods disclosed in this application can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • the memory may be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk (hard disk drive, HDD) or a solid-state drive (solid-state drive, SSD), etc., or a volatile memory (volatile memory), such as a random memory Access memory (random-access memory, RAM).
  • a memory is, but is not limited to, any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer.
  • the memory in the present application may also be a circuit or any other device capable of implementing a storage function for storing program instructions and/or data.
  • Fig. 20 is a device 2000 provided by this application.
  • the device may include modules corresponding to one-to-one execution of the methods/operations/steps/actions described in the method embodiments corresponding to FIG. 3 to FIG. 18 .
  • the module may be a hardware circuit, or software, or a combination of hardware and software.
  • the apparatus may include a transceiver unit 2001 and a processing unit 2002 .
  • the apparatus 2000 may be the first communication device, or a device in the first communication device, or a device that can be matched and used with the first communication device.
  • the transceiving unit 2001 is used to obtain the first data.
  • the first data includes at least two differential data symbols, or at least two differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the processing unit 2002 is configured to map the first data to the time-frequency resource for transmission based on the mapping relationship between the first data and the time-frequency resource.
  • the mapping relationship includes: two adjacent data units in the first data are adjacent in the time domain or adjacent in the frequency domain on the time-frequency resource.
  • the data unit is any one of the following: differential data symbols, differential spread spectrum data symbols, and differential spread spectrum data symbol blocks.
  • the steps performed by the transceiver unit 2001 and the processing unit 2002 enable the first data to be sent within a plurality of symbols.
  • the first communication device can flexibly select the mapping relationship of the first data on the time-frequency resource according to different scenarios of time-domain offset or frequency-domain offset. Based on the mapping relationship, when the time domain offset or the frequency domain offset causes the frequency domain channel to change, the frequency domain channels passed by two adjacent data units in the first data can be close to each other, which is beneficial to improving demodulation performance.
  • the apparatus 2000 may be the second communication device, or a device in the second communication device, or a device that can be matched with the second communication device.
  • the transceiving unit 2001 is configured to receive first data on time-frequency resources, and the first data includes at least two differential data symbols, or at least two differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the processing unit 2002 is configured to demodulate the first data based on the mapping relationship.
  • the mapping relationship includes: two adjacent data units in the first data are adjacent in the time domain or in the frequency domain on the time-frequency resource.
  • the data unit is any one of the following: differential data symbols, differential spread spectrum data symbols, and differential spread spectrum data symbol blocks.
  • the steps performed by the transceiver unit 2001 and the processing unit 2002 make it possible to reduce the channel between two adjacent data units when the receiver demodulates when the first data is mapped to time-frequency resources for transmission based on the mapping relationship. The change. Therefore, when the receiver demodulates the first data based on the mapping relationship, the demodulation performance of the receiver is improved.
  • the apparatus 2000 may be the first communication device, or a device in the first communication device, or a device that can be matched and used with the first communication device.
  • the transceiver unit 2001 is configured to acquire first data
  • the first data includes at least two differential data symbols, or at least two differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the processing unit 2002 is configured to map the first data to the time-frequency resource for transmission based on the mapping relationship between the first data and the time-frequency resource.
  • the time-frequency resources include L symbols and K subcarriers.
  • the mapping relationship includes: the first data is mapped along the L symbols in the first direction on the 2kth subcarrier according to the data unit, and the 2p+1th subcarrier is mapped along the L symbols in the first direction; or, the mapping relationship includes: A piece of data is mapped along the K subcarriers in the first direction in the 21st symbol according to the data unit, and mapped along the K subcarriers in the first direction in the 2q+1 symbol.
  • the data unit is a differential data symbol or a differential spread spectrum data symbol.
  • k is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2k ⁇ K-1
  • p is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2p+1 ⁇ K-1
  • l is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2l ⁇ L-1
  • q is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2q+1 ⁇ Integer of L-1.
  • L and K are integers greater than 1.
  • the steps performed by the transceiver unit 2001 and the processing unit 2002 are in a scenario where there is no time-domain offset or frequency-domain offset, so that the first communication device can use the above mapping relationship to map two adjacent first data
  • the differential data symbols or differential spread spectrum data symbols are mapped to time-frequency resources for transmission.
  • the mapping relationship is relatively simple and easier to implement.
  • the frequency domain channels through which two adjacent differential data symbols or differential spread spectrum data symbols in the first data pass through can also be close, which is conducive to improving demodulation performance.
  • the apparatus 2000 may be the first communication device, or a device in the first communication device, or a device that can be matched and used with the first communication device.
  • the transceiver unit 2001 is configured to acquire first data
  • the first data includes at least two differential data symbols, or at least two differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • the processing unit 2002 is configured to map the first data to the time-frequency resource for transmission based on the mapping relationship between the first data and the time-frequency resource.
  • the time-frequency resources include L symbols and K subcarriers. Mapping relationships include:
  • the first data is mapped along the L symbols in the first direction between the 2k ⁇ k block subcarrier and the (2k+1)k block -1 subcarrier according to the data unit, and the (2p+1)k block subcarrier Mapping between the carrier and the 2(p+1)k block -1 subcarrier along the L symbols in the first direction. or,
  • the first data is mapped along K subcarriers in the first direction between the 2l ⁇ l block symbol and the (2l+1)l block -1 symbol according to the data unit, and the (2q+1)l block From the symbol to the 2nd(q+1)l block -1 symbol, mapping along the K subcarriers in the first direction.
  • the data unit is a differential spread spectrum data symbol block.
  • the differential spread spectrum data symbol block includes l block ⁇ k block differential spread spectrum data symbols.
  • k is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ (2k+1)k block -1 ⁇ K-1.
  • p is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2(p+1)k block -1 ⁇ K-1.
  • l is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ (2l+1)l block -1 ⁇ L-1.
  • q is an integer satisfying 0 ⁇ 2(q+1)l block -1 ⁇ L-1.
  • l block is an integer satisfying 1 ⁇ l block ⁇ L.
  • k block is an integer satisfying 1 ⁇ k block ⁇ K.
  • L and K are integers greater than 1.
  • the steps performed by the transceiver unit 2001 and the processing unit 2002 are in a scenario where there is no time-domain offset or frequency-domain offset, so that the first communication device can use the above mapping relationship to map two adjacent first data
  • the differential spread spectrum data symbol blocks are mapped to time-frequency resources for transmission.
  • the mapping relationship is relatively simple and easier to implement.
  • the frequency-domain channels through which two adjacent differentially spread data symbol blocks in the first data pass can also be close, which is beneficial to improving demodulation performance.
  • the apparatus 2000 may be the first communication device, or a device in the first communication device, or a device that can be matched and used with the first communication device.
  • the transceiver unit 2001 is configured to obtain second data, and the second data includes at least two differential data symbols.
  • the second data is a differential data symbol generated by Pi/2 binary phase shift keying Pi/2-BPSK modulation, and the phase difference between two adjacent differential data symbols is ⁇ /2 or - ⁇ /2.
  • the steps performed by the transceiver unit 2001 and the processing unit 2002 adopt an improved Pi/2-BPSK modulation method to generate differential data symbols.
  • the phase difference of the differential data symbols generated by this application is ⁇ /2 or -
  • the two values of ⁇ /2 are convenient for data demodulation.
  • the present application provides a communication system.
  • the communication system includes a first communication device and a second communication device for performing the methods in the embodiments corresponding to FIG. 3 to FIG. 18 .
  • the present application provides a communication device.
  • the communication device is composed of input and output interfaces and logic circuits.
  • the input and output interfaces are used to input or output data.
  • the data input by the input-output interface in the embodiment of FIG. 3 may be the first data.
  • the logic circuit processes the data to be processed according to the method executed by the first communication device in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3 to FIG. 18 , and acquires the processed data.
  • the processed data in the embodiment of FIG. 3 may be the data that the first data is mapped to the time-frequency resource for transmission.
  • the present application provides another communication device.
  • the communication device is composed of input and output interfaces and logic circuits.
  • the input and output interfaces are used to input or output data.
  • the logic circuit processes the data according to the method executed by the second communication device in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3 to FIG. 18 , and acquires the processed data.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer-readable storage medium stores programs or instructions. When the program or instruction is run on the computer, the computer is made to execute the data processing method in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3 to FIG. 18 .
  • a computer program product is provided in this application.
  • the computer program product includes instructions. When the instructions are run on the computer, the computer is made to execute the data processing method in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3 to FIG. 18 .
  • the present application provides a chip or a chip system, the chip or chip system includes at least one processor and an interface, the interface and at least one processor are interconnected through lines, and at least one processor is used to run computer programs or instructions to execute Figure 18 corresponds to the data processing method in the embodiment.
  • the interface in the chip may be an input/output interface, a pin or a circuit, and the like.
  • the above-mentioned chip system may be a system on chip (system on chip, SOC), or a baseband chip, etc., wherein the baseband chip may include a processor, a channel encoder, a digital signal processor, a modem, and an interface module.
  • SOC system on chip
  • baseband chip may include a processor, a channel encoder, a digital signal processor, a modem, and an interface module.
  • the chip or the chip system described above in this application further includes at least one memory, and instructions are stored in the at least one memory.
  • the memory may be a storage unit inside the chip, such as a register, a cache, etc., or a storage unit of the chip (eg, a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.).
  • the technical solutions provided in this application may be fully or partially realized by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof.
  • software When implemented using software, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on the computer, the processes or functions according to the present application will be generated in whole or in part.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a terminal device or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server or data center Transmission to another website site, computer, server or data center by wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the available medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a digital video disc (digital video disc, DVD)), or a semiconductor medium.
  • the various embodiments can refer to each other, for example, the methods and/or terms between the method embodiments can refer to each other, such as the functions and/or terms between the device embodiments
  • Mutual references can be made, for example, functions and/or terms between the apparatus embodiment and the method embodiment can be referred to each other.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种数据处理方法、装置及相关设备。其中，方法包括：第一通信设备获取第一数据，并基于第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，将第一数据映射到时频资源上进行传输。第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号。映射关系包括第一数据中相邻两个数据单元在时频资源上时域相邻或者频域相邻。采用该方法，可以避免导频的开销。第一通信设备可以根据时域偏移或频域偏移的不同场景，灵活选择第一数据在时频资源上的映射关系。基于映射关系，当时域偏移或频域偏移导致频域信道变化时，本申请能够使第一数据中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。

Description

一种数据处理方法、装置及相关设备
本申请要求于2022年1月25日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202210090199.6、申请名称为“一种数据处理方法、装置及相关设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种数据处理方法、装置及相关设备。
背景技术
目前，正交多址接入(orthogonal multiple access，OMA)技术和非正交多址接入(non-orthogonal multiple access，NOMA)技术在无线通信中受到广泛关注和研究，例如其中的OMA技术已广泛应用于无线通信的数据传输过程中。OMA技术和NOMA技术中，参考信号可以用于信道估计(channel estimation)以获取信道响应。接收设备可以利用信道响应进行均衡、解调、译码等处理，以便获取发送设备发送的数据。其中，对于非正交多址传输，为了支持大量连接的用户数，需要增加发送参考信号的符号数目。但是，当发送参考信号的符号数目较多时，会使得参考信号的开销很高。并且，在传输过程中可能存在不同的时域偏移(time offset，TO)，以及不同的频域偏移(frequency offset，FO)。时域偏移和/或频域偏移会破坏不同用户所发送的参考信号之间的正交性，降低信道估计性能，即降低解调性能。
发明内容
本申请提供一种数据处理方法、装置及相关设备。该数据处理方法不需要发送参考信号，避免了参考信号的开销以及参考信号之间的碰撞问题。并且，该数据处理方法提供了多种映射关系，有利于降低时域偏移和/或频域偏移对传输信道的影响，有利于提升解调性能。
第一方面，本申请提供一种数据处理方法。该数据处理方法由第一通信设备所实现，也可以由第一通信设备的部件(例如处理器、芯片、或芯片***等)执行，还可以由能实现全部或部分第一通信设备功能的逻辑模块或软件实现。其中，第一通信设备获取第一数据，并基于第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，将第一数据映射到时频资源上进行传输。第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号。映射关系包括第一数据中相邻两个数据单元在时频资源上时域相邻或者频域相邻。数据单元为以下任意一种：差分数据符号、差分扩频数据符号、差分扩频数据符号块(也称为扩频块)。
通过该方法，第一数据可以在多个符号内发送。相较于第一数据在一个符号内发送，第一通信设备可以根据时域偏移或频域偏移的不同场景，灵活选择第一数据在时频资源上的映射关系。基于映射关系，当时域偏移或频域偏移导致频域信道变化时，本申请能够使第一数据中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。
在一种可能的实施方式中，数据单元为差分数据符号或差分扩频数据符号。时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波。映射关系包括：第一数据按照数据单元在第2k个子载波以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第2p+1个子载波以第二方向沿L个符号映射。或者，映射关系包括：第一数据按照数据单元在第2l个符号以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第2q+1个符号以第二方向沿K个子载波映射。其中，第一方向与第二方向相反。k为满足0≤2k≤K-1的 整数，p为满足0≤2p+1≤K-1的整数，l为满足0≤2l≤L-1的整数，q为满足0≤2q+1≤L-1的整数。L和K为大于1的整数。
通过该方法，第一通信设备可以根据时域偏移或频域偏移的不同场景，针对差分数据符号或差分扩频数据符号，灵活选择不同的映射关系。一方面，当第一数据中相邻两个数据单元在时频资源上时域相邻时，采用映射关系可以使得第一数据中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道最接近。并且，当时域偏移造成不同子载波的频域信道变化时，仍然使得第一数据中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。另一方面，当第一数据中相邻两个数据单元在时频资源上频域相邻时，采用映射关系可以使得第一数据中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道最接近。并且，当频域偏移造成不同符号的频域信道变化时，仍然使得第一数据中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。
在一种可能的实施方式中，数据单元为差分扩频数据符号块。差分扩频数据符号块包括l block×k block个差分扩频数据符号。时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波。映射关系包括：第一数据按照数据单元在第2k×k block个子载波至第(2k+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第(2p+1)k block个子载波至第2(p+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第二方向沿L个符号映射。或者，映射关系包括：第一数据按照数据单元在第2l×l block个符号至第(2l+1)l block-1个符号之间以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第(2q+1)l block个符号至第2(q+1)l block-1个符号之间以第二方向沿K个子载波映射。其中，第一方向与第二方向相反。k为满足0≤(2k+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数。p为满足0≤2(p+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数。l为满足0≤(2l+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数。q为满足0≤2(q+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数。l block为满足1≤l block≤L的整数。k block为满足1≤k block≤K的整数。L和K为大于1的整数。
通过该方法，第一通信设备可以根据时域偏移或频域偏移的不同场景，针对差分扩频数据符号块，灵活选择不同的映射关系。应注意，本申请将差分扩频数据符号块作为一个整体进行映射。一方面，当第一数据中相邻两个数据单元在时频资源上时域相邻时，采用映射关系可以使得第一数据中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道最接近。并且，当时域偏移造成不同子载波的频域信道变化时，仍然使得第一数据中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。另一方面，当第一数据中相邻两个数据单元在时频资源上频域相邻时，采用映射关系可以使得第一数据中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道最接近。并且，当频域偏移造成不同符号的频域信道变化时，仍然使得第一数据中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。
在一种可能的实施方式中，第一通信设备输出第一数据的初始值。第一数据的初始值是第一通信设备预定义的数据。或者，当第一数据映射到时频资源上进行传输时，传输第一数据的初始值。可以理解的是，第一数据的初始值也称为初始化差分数据。通过该方法，当第一通信设备输出第一数据的初始值时，可以避免第二通信设备进行数据解调(包括解差分或解扩频)得到的调制数据的第0个数据单元出现相位模糊。从而有利于提升解调性能。
在一种可能的实施方式中，第一通信设备将第一数据映射到时频资源上，并根据时频资源上的数据生成正交频分复用符号的数据。第一通信设备向第二通信设备发送正交频分复用符号的数据。通过该方法，第一通信设备将第一数据映射到时频资源上进行传输时，可以是生成正交频分复用OFDM符号进行传输。
在一种可能的实施方式中，第一通信设备将第一数据映射到时频资源上，并且进行傅里叶变换得到对应的傅里叶变换的输出数据。根据傅里叶变换的输出数据生成单载波频分多址 符号的数据。第一通信设备向第二通信设备发送单载波频分多址SC-FDMA符号的数据。通过该方法，第一通信设备将第一数据映射到时频资源上进行传输时，可以是生成单载波频分多址SC-FDMA符号进行传输。
在一种可能的实施方式中，第一数据为采用Pi/2二进制相移键控Pi/2-BPSK调制方式生成的差分数据符号。相邻两个差分数据符号的相位差为π/2或-π/2。通过该方法，使得采用本申请的Pi/2-BPSK调制方式经过差分调制后生成的第一数据仍然是Pi/2-BPSK调制数据。从而使得根据第一数据生成OFDM/SC-FDMA符号的数据的峰均功率比(peak to average power ratio，PAPR)不变，仍然具有低PAPR的特性，有利于数据的解调。
在一种可能的实施方式中，任意两个调制符号的相位差为π或0。差分数据符号是调制符号基于差分调制得到的。通过该方法，使得采用Pi/2-BPSK调制方式经过调制后生成的调制符号与现有的调制符号相比，相位差更便于计算。
在一种可能的实施方式中，调制符号是待发送比特数据基于Pi/2-BPSK调制方式得到的。待发送比特数据与调制符号的关系满足：
d(m)＝1-2b(m)
其中，b(m)表示至少两个待发送比特数据中的第m个待发送比特数据。d(m)表示至少两个调制符号中的第m个调制符号。
调制符号与所述差分数据符号的关系满足：
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000001
其中，x(m)表示至少两个差分数据符号中的第m个差分数据符号。x(m-1)表示至少两个差分数据符号中的第m-1个差分数据符号。d(m)表示至少两个调制符号中的第m个调制符号。x(-1)可以称为初始化差分数据。第一数据的初始值，即初始化差分数据。
通过该方法，对现有的Pi/2-BPSK调制方式进行了改进，使得采用本申请的Pi/2-BPSK调制方式经过差分调制后生成的第一数据仍然是Pi/2-BPSK调制数据。从而使得根据第一数据生成OFDM/SC-FDMA符号的数据的峰均功率比PAPR不变，仍然具有低PAPR的特性，有利于数据的解调。
在一种可能的实施方式中，调制符号是待发送比特数据基于Pi/2-BPSK调制方式得到的。待发送比特数据与调制符号的关系满足：
d(m)＝j[1-2b(m)]
其中，b(m)表示至少两个待发送比特数据中的第m个待发送比特数据。d(m)表示至少两个调制符号中的第m个调制符号。j表示虚数符号。
调制符号与差分数据符号的关系满足：
x(m)＝x(m-1)*d(m)
其中，x(m)表示至少两个差分数据符号中的第m个差分数据符号。x(m-1)表示所述至少两个差分数据符号中的第m-1个差分数据符号。d(m)表示至少两个调制符号中的第m个调制符号。
通过该方法，对现有的Pi/2-BPSK调制方式进行了改进，使得采用Pi/2-BPSK调制方式经过差分调制后生成的第一数据仍然是Pi/2-BPSK调制数据。从而使得根据第一数据生成OFDM/SC-FDMA符号的数据的峰均功率比PAPR不变，仍然具有低PAPR的特性，有利于数据的解调。
第二方面，本申请提供另一种数据处理方法。该数据处理方法由第二通信设备所实现，也可以由第二通信设备的部件(例如处理器、芯片、或芯片***等)执行，还可以由能实现全部或部分第二通信设备功能的逻辑模块或软件实现。其中，第二通信设备在时频资源上接收第一数据，并基于映射关系对第一数据进行解调。第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号。映射关系包括：第一数据中相邻两个数据单元在时频资源上时域相邻或者频域相邻。数据单元为以下任意一种：差分数据符号、差分扩频数据符号、差分扩频数据符号块。
通过该方法，当第一数据基于映射关系映射到时频资源上传输时，可以减少接收机解调时相邻两个数据单元之间的信道的变化。从而有利于接收机基于映射关系对第一数据进行解调时，提升接收机的解调性能。
在一种可能的实施方式中，数据单元为差分数据符号或差分扩频数据符号。时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波。映射关系包括：第一数据按照数据单元在第2k个子载波以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第2p+1个子载波以第二方向沿L个符号映射。或者，映射关系包括：第一数据按照数据单元在第2l个符号以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第2q+1个符号以第二方向沿K个子载波映射。其中，第一方向与第二方向相反。k为满足0≤2k≤K-1的整数，p为满足0≤2p+1≤K-1的整数，l为满足0≤2l≤L-1的整数，q为满足0≤2q+1≤L-1的整数。L和K为大于1的整数。
在一种可能的实施方式中，数据单元为差分扩频数据符号块。差分扩频数据符号块包括l block×k block个差分扩频数据符号。时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波。映射关系包括：第一数据按照数据单元在第2k×k block个子载波至第(2k+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第(2p+1)k block个子载波至第2(p+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第二方向沿L个符号映射。或者，映射关系包括：第一数据按照数据单元在第2l×l block个符号至第(2l+1)l block-1个符号之间以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第(2q+1)l block个符号至第2(q+1)l block-1个符号之间以第二方向沿K个子载波映射。其中，第一方向与第二方向相反。k为满足0≤(2k+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数。p为满足0≤2(p+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数。l为满足0≤(2l+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数。q为满足0≤2(q+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数。l block为满足1≤l block≤L的整数。k block为满足1≤k block≤K的整数。L和K为大于1的整数。
在一种可能的实施方式中，第二通信设备获取第一数据的初始值。第一数据的初始值是第一通信设备预定义的数据。或者，当第二通信设备在时频资源上接收第一数据时，接收第一数据的初始值。通过该方法，当第二通信设备获取了第一数据的初始值时，可以避免第二通信设备进行数据解调(包括解差分或解扩频)得到的调制数据的第0个数据单元出现相位模糊。从而有利于提升接收机的解调性能。
第三方面，本申请提供又一种数据处理方法。该数据处理方法由第一通信设备所实现，也可以由第一通信设备的部件(例如处理器、芯片、或芯片***等)执行，还可以由能实现全部或部分第一通信设备功能的逻辑模块或软件实现。其中，第一通信设备获取第一数据，并基于第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，将第一数据映射到时频资源上进行传输。第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号。时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波。映射关系包括：第一数据按照数据单元在第2k个子载波以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第2p+1个子载波以第一方向沿L个符号映射。或者，映射关系包括：第一数据按照数据单元在第2l个符号以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第2q+1个符号以第一 方向沿K个子载波映射。其中，数据单元为差分数据符号或差分扩频数据符号。k为满足0≤2k≤K-1的整数，p为满足0≤2p+1≤K-1的整数，l为满足0≤2l≤L-1的整数，q为满足0≤2q+1≤L-1的整数。L和K为大于1的整数。
通过该方法，在没有时域偏移或频域偏移的场景中，第一通信设备可以采用上述映射关系将第一数据中相邻两个差分数据符号或差分扩频数据符号映射至时频资源进行传输。该映射关系较为简单，更容易实现。并且在没有时域偏移或频域偏移的场景中，同样可以使第一数据中相邻两个差分数据符号或差分扩频数据符号经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。
第四方面，本申请提供又一种数据处理方法。该数据处理方法由第一通信设备所实现，也可以由第一通信设备的部件(例如处理器、芯片、或芯片***等)执行，还可以由能实现全部或部分第一通信设备功能的逻辑模块或软件实现。其中，第一通信设备获取第一数据，并基于第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，将第一数据映射到时频资源上进行传输。第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号。时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波。映射关系包括：
第一数据按照数据单元在第2k×k block个子载波至第(2k+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第(2p+1)k block个子载波至第2(p+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第一方向沿L个符号映射。或者，
第一数据按照数据单元在第2l×l block个符号至第(2l+1)l block-1个符号之间以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第(2q+1)l block个符号至第2(q+1)l block-1个符号之间以第一方向沿K个子载波映射。
其中，数据单元为差分扩频数据符号块，差分扩频数据符号块包括l block×k block个差分扩频数据符号。k为满足0≤(2k+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数。p为满足0≤2(p+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数。l为满足0≤(2l+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数。q为满足0≤2(q+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数。l block为满足1≤l block≤L的整数。k block为满足1≤k block≤K的整数。L和K为大于1的整数。
通过该方法，在没有时域偏移或频域偏移的场景中，第一通信设备可以采用上述映射关系将第一数据中相邻两个差分扩频数据符号块映射至时频资源进行传输。该映射关系较为简单，更容易实现。并且在没有时域偏移或频域偏移的场景中，同样可以使第一数据中相邻两个差分扩频数据符号块经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。
第五方面，本申请提供又一种数据处理方法。该数据处理方法由第一通信设备所实现，也可以由第一通信设备的部件(例如处理器、芯片、或芯片***等)执行，还可以由能实现全部或部分第一通信设备功能的逻辑模块或软件实现。其中，第一通信设备获取第二数据。第二数据包括至少两个差分数据符号。第二数据为采用Pi/2二进制相移键控Pi/2-BPSK调制方式生成的差分数据符号。相邻两个差分数据符号的相位差为π/2或-π/2。
通过该方法，第一通信设备可以采用一种改进的Pi/2-BPSK调制方式生成差分数据符号。相较于现有的Pi/2-BPSK调制方式生成的差分数据符号的相位差可能存在两个或两个以上的不同取值，本申请生成的差分数据符号的相位差为π/2或-π/2这两种取值，便于数据的解调。
在一种可能的实施方式中，差分数据符号是调制符号基于差分调制得到的。调制符号是待发送比特数据基于Pi/2-BPSK调制方式得到的。待发送比特数据与调制符号的关系满足：
d(m)＝1-2b(m)
其中，b(m)表示至少两个待发送比特数据中的第m个待发送比特数据。d(m)表示至少 两个调制符号中的第m个调制符号。调制符号与差分数据符号的关系满足：
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000002
其中，x(m)表示所述至少两个差分数据符号中的第m个差分数据符号。x(m-1)表示至少两个差分数据符号中的第m-1个差分数据符号。d(m)表示至少两个调制符号中的第m个调制符号。
通过该方法，对现有的Pi/2-BPSK调制方式进行了改进，使得采用本申请的Pi/2-BPSK调制方式经过差分调制后生成的第一数据仍然是Pi/2-BPSK调制数据。从而使得根据第一数据生成OFDM/SC-FDMA符号的数据的峰均功率比PAPR不变，仍然具有低PAPR的特性，有利于数据的解调。
在一种可能的实施方式中，待发送比特数据与调制符号的关系满足：
d(m)＝j[1-2b(m)]
其中，b(m)表示至少两个待发送比特数据中的第m个待发送比特数据。d(m)表示至少两个调制符号中的第m个调制符号。j表示虚数符号。调制符号与差分数据符号的关系满足：
x(m)＝x(m-1)*d(m)
其中，x(m)表示所述至少两个差分数据符号中的第m个差分数据符号。x(m-1)表示至少两个差分数据符号中的第m-1个差分数据符号。d(m)表示至少两个调制符号中的第m个调制符号。
通过该方法，对现有的Pi/2-BPSK调制方式进行了改进，使得采用Pi/2-BPSK调制方式经过差分调制后生成的第一数据仍然是Pi/2-BPSK调制数据。从而使得根据第一数据生成OFDM/SC-FDMA符号的数据的峰均功率比PAPR不变，仍然具有低PAPR的特性，有利于数据的解调。
第六方面，本申请提供一种数据处理装置。该数据处理装置包括收发单元和处理单元。其中，收发单元用于获取第一数据。第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号。处理单元用于基于第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，将第一数据映射到时频资源上进行传输。映射关系包括第一数据中相邻两个数据单元在时频资源上时域相邻或者频域相邻。数据单元为以下任意一种：差分数据符号、差分扩频数据符号、差分扩频数据符号块。
其中，关于第一数据、映射关系等的具体实现方式可以参考第一方面中对应的描述，具体此处不再赘述。
第七方面，本申请提供另一种数据处理装置。该数据处理装置包括收发单元和处理单元。其中，收发单元用于在时频资源上接收第一数据。第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号。处理单元基于映射关系对第一数据进行解调。映射关系包括第一数据中相邻两个数据单元在时频资源上时域相邻或者频域相邻。数据单元为以下任意一种：差分数据符号、差分扩频数据符号、差分扩频数据符号块。
其中，关于第一数据、映射关系等的具体实现方式可以参考第二方面中对应的描述，具体此处不再赘述。
第八方面，本申请提供又一种数据处理装置。该数据处理装置包括收发单元和处理单元。收发单元用于获取第一数据。第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号。处理单元用于基于第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，将第一数据映射到所述时频资源上进行传输。时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波。映射关系包括：第一数据按 照数据单元在第2k个子载波以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第2p+1个子载波以第一方向沿L个符号映射。或者，映射关系包括：第一数据按照数据单元在第2l个符号以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第2q+1个符号以第一方向沿K个子载波映射。其中，数据单元为差分数据符号或差分扩频数据符号。k为满足0≤2k≤K-1的整数，p为满足0≤2p+1≤K-1的整数，l为满足0≤2l≤L-1的整数，q为满足0≤2q+1≤L-1的整数。L和K为大于1的整数。
第九方面，本申请提供又一种数据处理装置。该数据处理装置包括收发单元和处理单元。收发单元用于获取第一数据。第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号。处理单元用于基于第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，将第一数据映射到时频资源上进行传输。时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波。映射关系包括：
第一数据按照数据单元在第2k×k block个子载波至第(2k+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第(2p+1)k block个子载波至第2(p+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第一方向沿L个符号映射。或者，
第一数据按照数据单元在第2l×l block个符号至第(2l+1)l block-1个符号之间以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第(2q+1)l block个符号至第2(q+1)l block-1个符号之间以第一方向沿K个子载波映射。
其中，数据单元为差分扩频数据符号块，差分扩频数据符号块包括l block×k block个差分扩频数据符号。k为满足0≤(2k+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数。p为满足0≤2(p+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数。l为满足0≤(2l+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数。q为满足0≤2(q+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数。l block为满足1≤l block≤L的整数。k block为满足1≤k block≤K的整数。L和K为大于1的整数。
第十方面，本申请提供又一种数据处理装置。该数据处理装置包括收发单元。收发单元用于获取第二数据。第二数据包括至少两个差分数据符号。第二数据为采用Pi/2二进制相移键控Pi/2-BPSK调制方式生成的差分数据符号。相邻两个差分数据符号的相位差为π/2或-π/2。
其中，关于差分数据符号、调制符号等的具体实现方式可以参考第五方面中对应的描述，具体此处不再赘述。
第十一方面，本申请提供一种通信设备。通信设备包括一个或多个处理器和存储器。存储器与一个或多个处理器耦合，存储器存储有计算机程序。
在一种可能的实施方式中，一个或多个处理器执行计算机程序时，该通信设备执行如下操作：
获取第一数据，第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号；
基于第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，将第一数据映射到时频资源上进行传输。
映射关系包括第一数据中相邻两个数据单元在时频资源上时域相邻或者频域相邻。数据单元为以下任意一种：差分数据符号、差分扩频数据符号、差分扩频数据符号块。
其中，关于第一数据、映射关系等的具体实现方式可以参考第一方面中对应的描述，具体此处不再赘述。
在一种可能的实施方式中，一个或多个处理器执行计算机程序时，该通信设备执行如下操作：
在时频资源上接收第一数据；
基于映射关系对第一数据进行解调。
其中，第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号。映射关 系包括第一数据中相邻两个数据单元在时频资源上时域相邻或者频域相邻。数据单元为以下任意一种：差分数据符号、差分扩频数据符号、差分扩频数据符号块。
其中，关于第一数据、映射关系等的具体实现方式可以参考第二方面中对应的描述，具体此处不再赘述。
在一种可能的实施方式中，一个或多个处理器执行计算机程序时，该通信设备执行如下操作：
获取第一数据；
基于第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，将第一数据映射到所述时频资源上进行传输。
其中，第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号。时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波。映射关系包括：第一数据按照数据单元在第2k个子载波以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第2p+1个子载波以第一方向沿L个符号映射。或者，映射关系包括：第一数据按照数据单元在第2l个符号以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第2q+1个符号以第一方向沿K个子载波映射。其中，数据单元为差分数据符号或差分扩频数据符号。k为满足0≤2k≤K-1的整数，p为满足0≤2p+1≤K-1的整数，l为满足0≤2l≤L-1的整数，q为满足0≤2q+1≤L-1的整数。L和K为大于1的整数。
在一种可能的实施方式中，一个或多个处理器执行计算机程序时，该通信设备执行如下操作：
获取第一数据。处理单元用于基于第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，将第一数据映射到时频资源上进行传输。
其中，第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号。时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波。映射关系包括：
第一数据按照数据单元在第2k×k block个子载波至第(2k+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第(2p+1)k block个子载波至第2(p+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第一方向沿L个符号映射。或者，
第一数据按照数据单元在第2l×l block个符号至第(2l+1)l block-1个符号之间以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第(2q+1)l block个符号至第2(q+1)l block-1个符号之间以第一方向沿K个子载波映射。
其中，数据单元为差分扩频数据符号块，差分扩频数据符号块包括l block×k block个差分扩频数据符号。k为满足0≤(2k+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数。p为满足0≤2(p+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数。l为满足0≤(2l+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数。q为满足0≤2(q+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数。l block为满足1≤l block≤L的整数。k block为满足1≤k block≤K的整数。L和K为大于1的整数。
在一种可能的实施方式中，一个或多个处理器执行计算机程序时，该通信设备执行如下操作：
获取第二数据。第二数据包括至少两个差分数据符号。第二数据为采用Pi/2二进制相移键控Pi/2-BPSK调制方式生成的差分数据符号。相邻两个差分数据符号的相位差为π/2或-π/2。
其中，关于差分数据符号、调制符号等的具体实现方式可以参考第五方面中对应的描述，具体此处不再赘述。
第十二方面，本申请提供一种通信***。该通信***包括第六方面至第十方面提供的数 据处理装置的一种或多种装置。或者该通信***包括如第十一方面提供的通信设备。
第十三方面，本申请提供一种芯片***。该芯片***包括处理器，还可以包括存储器，用于实现上述第一方面至第五方面，以及第一方面至第五方面的可能实现的方式中的任一项所述的方法。该芯片***可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
其中，芯片中的接口可以为输入/输出接口、管脚或电路等。
上述芯片***可以是片上***(system on chip，SOC)，也可以是基带芯片等，其中基带芯片可以包括处理器、信道编码器、数字信号处理器、调制解调器和接口模块等。
第十四方面，本申请提供一种通信装置。该通信装置由输入输出接口和逻辑电路组成。输入输出接口用于输入或输出数据。逻辑电路按照第一方面或第三方面至第五方面任一项所述的方法对数据进行处理，获取处理后的数据。
第十五方面，本申请提供一种通信装置。该通信装置由输入输出接口和逻辑电路组成。输入输出接口用于输入或输出数据。逻辑电路按照第二方面任一项所述的方法对数据进行处理，获取处理后的数据。
第十六方面，本申请提供一种计算机可读存储介质。上述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序。上述计算机程序被处理器执行以实现上述第一方面至第五方面，以及第一方面至第五方面的可能实现的方式中的任一项所述的方法。
第十七方面，本申请中提供一种计算机程序产品。该计算机程序产品包括指令。当所述指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第五方面，以及第一方面至第五方面的可能实现的方式中的任一项所述的方法。
附图说明
图1为本申请提供的一种通信***的示意图；
图2为本申请提供的一种差分扩频数据的生成过程的示意图；
图3为本申请提供的一种数据处理方法的流程示意图；
图4a为本申请提供的一种差分扩频数据的示意图；
图4b为本申请提供的另一种差分扩频数据的示意图；
图5为本申请提供的第一种差分数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系的示意图；
图6为本申请提供的第一种差分扩频数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系的示意图；
图7a为本申请提供的一种扩频块中的差分扩频数据符号的映射方式的示意图；
图7b为本申请提供的另一种扩频块中的差分扩频数据符号的映射方式的示意图；
图8为本申请提供的第二种差分扩频数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系的示意图；
图9为本申请提供的第二种差分数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系的示意图；
图10为本申请提供的第三种差分扩频数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系的示意图；
图11为本申请提供的第四种差分扩频数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系的示意图；
图12为本申请提供的第三种差分数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系的示意图；
图13为本申请提供的第五种差分扩频数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系的示意图；
图14为本申请提供的第四种差分数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系的示意图；
图15为本申请提供的第六种差分扩频数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系的示意图；
图16为本申请提供的第七种差分扩频数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系的示意图；
图17为本申请提供的第八种差分扩频数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系的示意图；
图18为本申请提供的另一种数据处理方法的流程示意图；
图19为本申请提供的一种设备的示意图；
图20为本申请提供的一种装置的示意图。
具体实施方式
无线通信***包括通信设备，通信设备间可以利用空口资源进行无线通信。其中，通信设备可以包括网络设备和终端设备，网络设备还可以称为网络侧设备。空口资源可以包括时域资源、频域资源、码资源和空间资源中至少一个。在本申请中，至少一个还可以描述为一个或多个，多个可以是两个、三个、四个或者更多个，本申请不做限制。
在本申请中，“/”可以表示前后关联的对象是一种“或”的关系。例如，A/B可以表示A或B。“和/或”可以用于描述关联对象存在三种关系。例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况，其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。为了便于描述本申请的技术方案，在本申请中，可以采用“第一”、“第二”等字样对功能相同或相似的技术特征进行区分。该“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定，并且“第一”、“第二”等字样也并不限定一定不同。在本申请中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示例子或说明，被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念，便于理解。
下面将结合本申请中的附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
目前，正交多址接入(orthogonal multiple access，OMA)技术和非正交多址接入(non-orthogonal multiple access，NOMA)技术在无线通信中受到广泛关注和研究，例如其中的OMA技术已广泛应用于无线通信的数据传输过程中。OMA技术和NOMA技术中，一般会发送数据与参考信号(reference signal)。数据和参考信号可以采用正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing，OFDM)、单载波频分多址(single carrier frequency domain multiple access，SC-FDMA)等技术生成。其中，参考信号可以用于信道估计(channel estimation)以获取信道响应。接收设备可以利用信道响应进行均衡、解调、译码等处理，以便获取发送设备发送的数据。
一方面，对于非正交多址传输，为了支持大量连接的用户数，需要增加发送参考信号的符号数目，以提高参考信号的容量。但是，当发送参考信号的符号数目较多时，会使得参考信号的开销很高。另一方面，对于非正交多址传输的不同用户，可能存在不同的时域偏移(time offset，TO)，以及不同的频域偏移(frequency offset，FO)。时域偏移和/或频域偏移会破坏不同用户所发送的参考信号之间的正交性，降低信道估计性能，即降低解调性能。
为了解决上述问题，本申请提供一种数据处理方法。该数据处理方法不需要发送参考信号，避免了参考信号的开销以及参考信号之间的碰撞问题。并且，该数据处理方法可以对调制数据进行差分调制和/或扩频处理，处理后的第一数据支持多种时频资源映射关系，有利于提升解调性能。
其中，本申请提供的数据处理方法可以应用于如图1所示的一种通信***中。该通信***包括多个通信设备(例如包括网络设备和终端设备)。本申请假设第一通信设备为发射设备，第二通信设备为接收设备。例如，在上行传输场景中，第一通信设备可以是终端设备，第二通信设备可以是网络设备。又例如，在下行传输场景中，第一通信设备可以是网络设备，第二通信设备可以是终端设备。本申请以上行传输场景为例具体描述数据处理方法的流程。可以理解的是，下行传输场景的流程与上行传输场景是类似的，可以参考对上行传输场景的流 程描述。
本申请提及的通信***包括但不限于：窄带物联网***(narrow band-Internet of things，NB-IoT)、全球移动通信***(global system for mobile communications，GSM)、增强型数据速率GSM演进***(enhanced data rate for GSM evolution，EDGE)、宽带码分多址***(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)、码分多址2000***(code division multiple access，CDMA2000)、时分同步码分多址***(time division-synchronization code division multiple access，TD-SCDMA)，长期演进***(long term evolution，LTE)以及5G移动通信***的三大应用场景增强移动宽带(enhanced mobility broad band，eMBB)，超高可靠与低时延通信(ultra-reliable and low latency communications，URLLC)和增强型机器类通信(enhanced machine-type communication，eMTC)以及未来的通信***(例如6G/7G等)。
其中，网络设备可以是能和终端设备进行通信的设备。网络设备可以是基站、中继站或接入点。其中，基站可以是全球移动通信(global system for mobile communication，GSM)***或码分多址(code division multiple access，CDMA)网络中的基站收发台(base transc eiver station，BTS)，也可以是宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WC DMA)***中的3G基站NodeB，还可以是长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)***中的evolutional NodeB(简称为eNB或eNodeB)。网络设备还可以是卫星通信***中的卫星。网络设备还可以是云无线接入网络(cloud radio access network，CRAN)场景下的无线控制器。网络设备还可以是5G网络中的网络设备或者未来演进的共用陆地移动网(public land mobil e network，PLMN)网络中的网络设备(例如gNodeB)。网络设备还可以是可穿戴设备、无人机，或者车联网中的设备(例如车联万物设备(vehicle to everything，V2X))，或者设备间(device to device，D2D)通信中的通信设备，或者应用于未来的通信***中的网络设备。
其中，终端设备可以是用户设备(user equipment，UE)、接入终端、终端单元、终端站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、终端、无线通信设备、终端代理或终端装置等。接入终端可以是蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字处理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、可穿戴设备、无人机、V2X设备、D2D设备，5G网络中的终端设备、未来演进的PLMN网络中的终端设备或未来的通信***中的终端设备等。
为了便于理解，下面对本申请涉及的相关名词的定义进行详细介绍。
1.发射设备的数据生成过程：发射设备可以将调制数据进行差分调制生成差分数据；或发射设备可以将调制数据进行差分调制和扩频，生成差分扩频数据。例如，图2为本申请提供的一种差分扩频数据的生成过程。发射设备对待发送比特数据采用相应的调制方式进行调制，得到调制数据。对调制数据进行差分调制，得到差分数据。对差分数据进行扩频处理，得到差分扩频数据。其中，扩频处理是可选的。其中，发射设备的数据生成过程中，主要涉及以下几类数据：待发送的比特数据、调制数据、差分数据、差分扩频数据。
待发送比特数据可以由原始比特流经过编码、交织、加扰等处理得到。原始比特流可以根据发射设备待发送的业务得到，本申请不作限定。本申请采用的调制方式可以包括但不限于二进制相移键控(binary phase shift keying，BPSK)调制、Pi/2-二进制相移键控(Pi/2-BPSK)调制、正交相移键控(quadrature phase shift keying，QPSK)调制、八进制相移键控8PSK调制等。
例如，调制数据表示为d，调制数据的长度为M，即调制数据包含M个数据单元(调制 数据符号)。差分数据表示为x，差分数据的长度为M。对调制数据进行差分调制得到差分数据如公式(1)所示：
x(m)＝x(m-1)d(m)   (1)
其中，x(m)表示差分数据的第m个数据单元(差分数据符号)。d(m)表示调制数据的第m个数据单元(调制数据符号)。m满足0≤m≤M-1。M为大于1的整数。其中，当m＝0时，x(0)＝x(-1)d(0)。x(-1)可以称为初始化差分数据，也即是第一数据的初始值。初始化差分数据可以是预定义的，例如预定义初始化差分数据的值为1。在预定义的情况下，初始化差分数据对于发射设备和接收设备来说都是已知的。初始化差分数据还可以是由第一通信设备向第二通信设备发送的。在发送的情况下，第二通信设备已知发送初始化差分数据的位置，则第二通信设备可以在对应的位置接收初始化差分数据。
需要注意的是，本申请中采用数据单元来指代各个数据的最小单元或各个数据的最小单元的集合。例如，本申请的数据单元可以包括但不限于：比特数据符号、调制数据符号、差分数据符号、差分扩频数据符号、差分扩频数据符号块等。其中，比特数据的数据单元是比特数据符号，差分数据的数据单元是差分数据符号，差分扩频数据的数据单元是差分扩频数据符号或差分扩频数据符号块。
2.调制数据的生成方式：当采用不同的调制方式时，待发送的比特数据、调制数据和差分数据的关系分别满足不同的公式。
例如，当调制方式为BPSK调制时，待发送比特数据与调制数据的关系如公式(2)所示，调制数据与差分数据的关系如公式(1)所示：
d(m)＝1-2b(m)   (2)
其中，b(m)表示待发送比特数据的第m个数据单元(比特数据符号)。初始化差分数据的值为x(-1)＝e jπ/4或者x(-1)＝e -jπ/4。
又例如，当调制方式为QPSK调制时，待发送比特数据与调制数据的关系如公式(3)或(4)所示，调制数据与差分数据的关系如公式(1)所示：
d(m)＝e jπ/4[(1-2b(2m))+j(1-2b(2m+1))]  (3)
d(m)＝e -jπ/4[(1-2b(2m))+j(1-2b(2m+1))]   (4)
其中，j表示虚数符号。初始化差分数据的值为x(-1)＝e jπ/4或者x(-1)＝e -jπ/4。
又例如，当调制方式为Pi/2-BPSK调制时，待发送比特数据与调制数据的关系如公式(2)所示，调制数据与差分数据的关系如公式(5)所示：
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000003
其中，j表示虚数符号。初始化差分数据的值为x(-1)＝e jπ/4或者x(-1)＝e -jπ/4。
或者，当调制方式为Pi/2-BPSK调制时，待发送比特数据与调制数据的关系如公式(6)所示，调制数据与差分数据的关系如公式(1)所示：
d(m)＝j[1-2b(m)]  (6)
其中，初始化差分数据的值为x(-1)＝e jπ/4或者x(-1)＝e -jπ/4。
需要注意的是，本申请描述的BPSK调制方式、Pi/2-BPSK调制方式和QPSK调制方式对现有的BPSK调制方式、Pi/2-BPSK调制方式和QPSK调制方式进行了改进。采用本申请的BPSK调制方式、Pi/2-BPSK调制方式和QPSK调制方式经过差分调制后生成的差分数据仍然是BPSK调制数据、Pi/2-BPSK调制数据和QPSK调制数据。从而使得根据第一数据生成OFDM/SC-FDMA符号的数据的峰均功率比PAPR不变，仍然具有低PAPR的特性，有利 于数据的解调。
下面对本申请提供的数据处理方法进行详细的描述。
图3为本申请提供的一种数据处理方法的流程示意图。该数据处理方法应用于如图1所示的通信***。例如，该数据处理方法可以由第一通信设备和第二通信设备之间的交互实现，包括以下步骤：
301，第一通信设备获取第一数据，第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号。
一种可能的实施方式中，当第一通信设备对调制数据进行差分调制得到第一数据时，第一数据为差分数据。例如，调制数据与差分数据之间的关系满足公式(1)。在这种情况下，第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号。例如，x(m)表示差分数据的第m个差分数据符号。m满足0≤m≤M-1。M表示差分数据的长度，且M为大于1的整数。其中，至少两个差分数据符号在至少两个时域符号内发送。例如，第一数据在L个时域符号内发送，L为大于1的整数。可以理解的是，当第一数据在至少两个时域符号内发送时，相较于第一数据只在一个时域符号内发送，第一通信设备可以根据时域偏移或频域偏移的场景，更灵活地适配第一数据在时频资源上的映射关系。
另一种可能的实施方式中，当第一通信设备对调制数据进行差分调制得到差分数据，并对差分数据进行扩频处理时，第一数据为差分扩频数据。例如，第一通信设备确定一个扩频序列c SF，并根据该扩频序列c SF对差分数据x进行扩频得到差分扩频数据x S。其中，不同的发射设备可以采用不同的扩频序列进行扩频。不同的扩频序列之间可以是正交的，也可以是非正交或准正交的。可以理解的是，当多个终端设备采用的扩频序列之间为非正交时，多个第一通信设备向第二通信设备发送数据的传输过程是非正交多址传输过程。
具体来说，假设扩频序列的长度为K SF，即扩频序列包含K SF个元素，K SF为大于1的整数。K SF可以称为扩频因子。扩频因子和扩频序列的值可以是预定义的，也可以是第一通信设备自行确定的，还可以是第二通信设备通过信令通知给第一通信设备的，具体实现方式本申请并不限定。其中，差分扩频数据x S的长度为M S，M S满足M S＝K SFM。可以理解的是，当扩频因子K SF的值为1时，可以不需要进行扩频的操作。即此时差分扩频数据与差分数据相同。
一种可能实现中，差分数据x与差分扩频数据x S的关系满足：
x S(m*K SF+t)＝x(m)c SF(t)   (7)
其中，c SF(t)表示扩频序列的第t个数据单元(即第t个元素)。x S(m*K SF+t)表示差分扩频数据的第m*K SF+t个数据单元(差分扩频数据符号)。t满足0≤t≤K SF-1。
为了便于描述，本申请将差分数据x的第m个差分数据符号x(m)与扩频序列c SF相乘后得到的K SF个输出的值称为第m个差分扩频数据符号块(也称为扩频块)，则共有M个差分扩频数据符号块(即M个扩频块)。例如，图4a为本申请提供的一种差分扩频数据的示意图。图4a所示的一个差分扩频数据符号块包括多个差分扩频数据符号，每一个差分扩频数据符号块依次排列。假设差分数据包含6个数据单元，即x＝[x(0),x(1),x(2),x(3),x(4),x(5)]。扩频序列包含4个数据单元，即c SF＝[c SF(0),c SF(1),c SF(2),c SF(3)]。因此差分数据x的各个数据单元与扩频序列相乘得到多个差分扩频数据符号。例如，第0个至第3个差分扩频数据符号(也就是第0个扩频块)可以表示为[x(0)c SF(0),x(0)c SF(1),x(0)c SF(2),x(0)c SF(3)]。第4个至第7个差分扩频数据符号(也就是第1个扩频块)可以表示为[x(1)c SF(0),x(1)c SF(1),x(1)c SF(2),x(1)c SF(3)]，以此类推。图4a所示的差分扩频数据包含 24个差分扩频数据符号。
另一种可能实现中，差分数据x与差分扩频数据x S的关系满足：
x S(m+t*M)＝x(m)c SF(t)   (8)
其中，c SF(t)表示扩频序列的第t个数据单元。x S(m+t*M)表示差分扩频数据的第m+t*M个数据单元。t满足0≤t≤K SF-1。
可以理解的是，该实现方式中的差分扩频数据x S以差分数据的长度M为间隔进行交叉排列得到的。例如，图4b为本申请提供的另一种差分扩频数据的示意图。其中，差分数据包含6个数据单元，扩频序列包含4个数据单元。首先，差分数据与扩频序列的第0个数据单元相乘得到的6个值(即6个扩频块的第0个差分扩频数据符号)，该6个值依次排列。然后，差分数据与扩频序列的第1个数据单元相乘得到的6个值(即6个扩频块的第1个差分扩频数据符号)，该6个值依次排列，以此类推。图4b所示的差分扩频数据包含24个差分扩频数据符号。
302，第一通信设备基于第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，将第一数据映射到时频资源上进行传输。
其中，时频资源为第一通信设备发送第一数据的时频资源。时频资源可以包括但不限于：发送数据的符号数目、数据带宽包含的子载波数目、符号的位置、数据带宽包含的子载波的位置(也可以简称为子载波的位置)等。需要注意的是，时频资源可以是由第二通信设备通知给第一通信设备的，也可以是第一通信设备自行确定的，本申请不做限制。还需要注意的是，时频资源中发送数据的符号，可以是OFDM符号或者SC-FDMA符号，本申请不做限制。
具体来说，符号数目表示为L。第一数据在L个符号内发送，L为大于1的正整数。也就是说，第一数据在至少2个符号内发送。数据带宽包含的子载波数目表示为K。每个符号对应的数据带宽包含的子载波数目一致。每个符号的K个子载波可以发送第一数据的K个数据单元。例如，第一通信设备可以发送K个差分数据符号。可以理解的是，当第一数据为差分数据时，L个符号共有L×K＝M个子载波。也就是说，时频资源共包含M个子载波，可以发送M个第一数据的数据单元。其中，时频资源的L个符号中符号的索引表示为l′，l′为满足0≤l′≤L-1的整数。每一个符号的K个子载波的索引可以表示为k′，k′为满足0≤k′≤K-1的整数。数据带宽包含的K个子载波的位置表示为I Freq。例如，K个子载波的位置可以是该K个子载波在***带宽包含的子载波中的位置。可以理解的是，I Freq包含K个元素。I Freq(k′),k′＝0,1,...,K-1为K个子载波中第k′个子载波的位置。不同符号的K个子载波的位置可以相同。L个符号的位置表示为I Time。例如，发送数据的L个符号的位置可以是该L个符号在进行传输的所有符号中的位置。其中，进行传输的所有符号可以包括发送数据的符号，也可以包括发送参考信号的符号。I Time包含L个元素。I Time(l′),l′＝0,1,...L-1为L个符号中第l′个符号的位置。可以理解的是，时频资源的M个子载波与符号的索引l′和子载波的索引k′对应。第l′个符号的位置I Time(l′)与符号的索引l′对应，因此符号的索引l′的值也可以称为第l′个符号的位置。第k′个子载波的位置I Freq(k′)与子载波的索引k′对应，因此子载波的索引k′的值也可以称为第k′个子载波的位置。可以理解的是，当第一数据为差分扩频数据时，L个符号共有L×K＝M S个子载波，时频资源的M S个子载波与符号的索引l′和子载波的索引k′对应。
当第一通信设备基于第一数据生成SC-FDMA符号时，时频资源也可以包括但不限于：发送数据的符号数目、每个符号可以发送的数据单元数目、符号的位置、每个符号发送的数据单元的位置等。具体来说，符号数目表示为L。第一数据在L个符号内发送，L为大于1的正整数。也就是说，第一数据在至少2个符号内发送。每个符号可以发送的数据单元(例 如差分数据符号)数目表示为K，与每个符号发送的数据单元的K个位置对应。每个符号发送的数据单元的K个位置表示为I Freq，L个符号的位置表示为I Time。则第l′个符号的位置I Time(l′)与符号的索引l′对应。每个符号发送的数据单元的K个位置中第k′个位置I Freq(k′)与索引k′对应。
其中，第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，具体包括以下几种情况：
情况一：第一数据为差分数据，数据单元为差分数据符号。或者，第一数据为差分扩频数据，数据单元为差分扩频数据符号。时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波。映射关系包括：
第一数据按照数据单元在第2k个子载波以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第2p+1个子载波以第二方向沿L个符号映射。
其中，第一方向与第二方向相反。k为满足0≤2k≤K-1的整数，p为满足0≤2p+1≤K-1的整数，l为满足0≤2l≤L-1的整数，q为满足0≤2q+1≤L-1的整数。L和K为大于1的整数。可以理解的是，第一方向可以是符号索引增大的方向，且第二方向是符号索引减小的方向。或者，第一方向可以是符号索引减小的方向，且第二方向是符号索引增大的方向，本申请并不限定。
例如，图5为本申请提供的第一种差分数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系的示意图。其中，第一通信设备在时域上采用L＝7个符号发送差分数据。具体来说，在第0个子载波以第一方向(例如图5中第一方向为符号索引增大的方向)沿7个符号映射差分数据的第0个至第6个差分数据符号。由于第1个子载波上差分数据映射的方向与第0个子载波上差分数据映射的方向相反，则在第1个子载波以第二方向(符号索引减小的方向)沿7个符号映射差分数据的第7个至第13个差分数据符号。由于第2个子载波上差分数据映射的方向与第1个子载波上差分数据映射的方向相反，则在第2个子载波以第一方向沿7个符号映射差分数据的第14个至第20个差分数据符号，以此类推。
可见，第一通信设备采用如图5所示的映射关系时，差分数据首先在第2k个子载波以第一方向沿着不同符号映射，然后在第2p+1个子载波以第二方向沿着不同符号映射。第一方向与第二方向相反。可以使得差分数据中相邻两个数据单元(即差分数据的第m个差分数据符号和第m+1个差分数据符号)经过的频域信道最接近，例如在经过频选(frequency diversity)很大的信道时使得差分数据中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道最接近。并且，当时域偏移导致不同子载波的频域信道变化时，仍然使得差分数据中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。
需要注意的是，图5所示的映射关系中，时频资源的第l′个符号中第k′个子载波上发送的数据表示为
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000004
以第一方向是符号索引增大的方向，且第二方向是符号索引减小的方向为例，则第l′个符号中第k′个子载波上发送的数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000005
与差分数据x的映射关系满足：
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000006
其中，k′为满足0≤k′≤K-1的整数，l′为满足0≤l′≤L-1的整数。
根据公式(9)，差分数据的第l′+k′L个数据单元与时频资源的第l′个符号中的第k′个子载波对应。同样的，差分数据的第l′+k′L个数据单元与时频资源的第l′个符号中的第k′个子载波上发送的数据一致。确定了差分数据与时频资源的映射关系，也就是确定了差分数据与时频资源内发送的数据的映射关系。
又例如，图6为本申请提供的第一种差分扩频数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系的示意 图。假设图6所示的差分扩频数据为所有扩频块的元素依次排列。第一通信设备采用L＝8个符号发送差分扩频数据。具体来说，在第0个子载波以第一方向(例如图6中第一方向为符号索引增大的方向)沿8个符号映射差分扩频数据的第0个至第7个差分扩频数据符号(即第0个扩频块和第1个扩频块)。由于第1个子载波上差分扩频数据映射的方向与第0个子载波上差分扩频数据映射的方向相反，则在第1个子载波上以第二方向(符号索引减小的方向)沿8个符号映射差分扩频数据的第8个至第15个差分扩频数据符号(即第2个扩频块和第3个扩频块)。由于第2个子载波上差分扩频数据映射的方向与第1个子载波上差分扩频数据映射的方向相反，则在第2个子载波上以第一方向沿8个符号映射差分扩频数据的第16个至第23个差分扩频数据符号(即第4个扩频块和第5个扩频块)，以此类推。
可见，第一通信设备采用如图6所示的映射关系时，差分扩频数据首先在第2k个子载波以第一方向沿着不同符号映射，然后在2p+1个子载波以第二方向沿着不同符号映射。第一方向与第二方向相反。可以使得在低速度场景下差分扩频数据的扩频块中相邻两个差分扩频数据符号经过的频域信道最接近。并且，当时域偏移导致不同子载波的频域信道变化和有小的频偏时，仍然使得扩频块中相邻两个元素经过的频域信道最接近，且使得相邻扩频块(即相邻扩频块对应的相邻的差分扩频数据)经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。
需要注意的是，图6所示的映射关系中，时频资源的第l′个符号中第k′个子载波上发送的数据表示为
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000007
以第一方向是符号索引增大的方向，且第二方向是符号索引减小的方向为例，则第l′个符号中第k′个子载波上发送的数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000008
与差分扩频数据x S的映射关系满足：
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000009
根据公式(10)，差分扩频数据的第l′+k′L个数据单元与时频资源的第l′个符号中的第k′个子载波对应。同样的，差分扩频数据的第l′+k′L个数据单元与时频资源的第l′个符号中的第k′个子载波上发送的数据一致。确定了差分扩频数据与时频资源的映射关系，也就是确定了差分扩频数据与时频资源内发送的数据的映射关系。
情况二：第一数据为差分扩频数据，数据单元为差分扩频数据符号块。差分扩频数据符号块包括l block×k block个差分扩频数据符号。时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波。映射关系包括：
第一数据按照数据单元在第2k×k block个子载波至第(2k+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第(2p+1)k block个子载波至第2(p+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第二方向沿L个符号映射。
其中，k为满足0≤(2k+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数。p为满足0≤2(p+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数。l为满足0≤(2l+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数。q为满足0≤2(q+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数。l block为满足1≤l block≤L的整数。k block为满足1≤k block≤K的整数。
其中，差分扩频数据中的扩频块可以映射到多个符号和多个子载波内。具体的，一个扩频块包括K SF个差分扩频数据符号。一个扩频块映射到l block个连续的符号中。一个扩频块在每个符号映射到k block个连续的子载波内。其中，l block和k block的值可以是预定义的，也可以是由第二通信设备通知第一通信设备的，本申请不作限定。例如，一个扩频块包括K SF＝4个差分扩频数据符号，l block＝2，k block＝2。又例如，一个扩频块包括K SF＝6个差分扩频数据符号，l block＝2，k block＝3，或者l block＝3，k block＝2。可以理解的是，l block和k block可以有多种不同的 取值，从而可以灵活适配不同的场景，使得扩频块内经过的频域信道更接近。例如，对于低速场景，扩频块映射的符号数目l block可以大于子载波数目k block。对于高速场景，扩频块映射的符号数目l block可以小于子载波数目k block。其中，扩频块中的差分扩频数据符号在l block×k block个子载波中的映射方式可以是预定义的，也可以由第二通信设备通知给第一通信设备的。以预定义为例，扩频块中的差分扩频数据符号可以先沿频域排列，再沿时域排列；或者，可以先沿时域排列，再沿频域排列。例如，图7a和图7b示出了l block＝2，k block＝3时，扩频块中的6个差分扩频数据符号在连续2个符号，每个符号3个子载波中的映射方式。其中，图7a表示扩频块中的6个差分扩频数据符号先沿频域的3个子载波排列，再沿时域的2个符号排列。图7b表示扩频块中的6个差分扩频数据符号先沿时域的2个符号排列，再沿频域的3个子载波排列。
基于扩频块中的差分扩频数据符号的映射方式，以及扩频块在时频资源中的映射关系，可以确定差分扩频数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系。
例如，图8为本申请提供的第二种差分扩频数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系的示意图。假设图8所示的差分扩频数据为所有扩频块的元素依次排列。第一通信设备采用L＝6个符号发送差分扩频数据。一个扩频块包括6个差分扩频数据符号。假设该6个差分扩频数据符号在连续3个符号，每个符号的2个连续的子载波内映射。第一通信设备首先在第0个子载波和第1个子载波以第一方向(例如图8中第一方向为符号索引增大的方向)映射第0个扩频块和第1个扩频块。然后在第2个子载波和第3个子载波以第二方向(符号索引减小的方向)映射第2个扩频块和第3个扩频块。接着在第4个子载波和第5个子载波以第一方向映射第4个扩频块和第5个扩频块，以此类推。
可见，第一通信设备采用如图8所示的映射关系时，使得在低速度场景下扩频块中相邻两个差分扩频数据符号经过的频域信道最接近。并且，当时域偏移导致不同子载波的频域信道变化和频域偏移导致不同符号的频域信道变化接近时，仍然使得扩频块中相邻两个差分扩频数据符号经过的频域信道最接近。还可以使得相邻扩频块(即相邻扩频块对应的相邻差分扩频数据)经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。
情况三：第一数据为差分数据，数据单元为差分数据符号。或者，第一数据为差分扩频数据，数据单元为差分扩频数据符号。时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波，映射关系包括：
第一数据按照数据单元在第2l个符号以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第2q+1个符号以第二方向沿K个子载波映射。
例如，图9为本申请提供的第二种差分数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系的示意图。其中，第一通信设备在频域上采用K＝6个子载波发送差分数据。具体来说，在第0个符号以第一方向(例如图9中第一方向为子载波索引增大的方向)沿6个子载波映射差分数据的第0个至第5个差分数据符号。由于第1个符号上差分数据映射的方向与第0个符号上差分数据映射的方向相反，则在第1个符号以第二方向(子载波索引减小的方向)沿6个子载波映射差分数据的第6个至第11个差分数据符号。由于第2个符号上差分数据映射的方向与第1个符号上差分数据映射的方向相反，则在第2个符号以第一方向沿6个子载波映射差分数据的第12个至第17个差分数据符号，以此类推。
可见，第一通信设备采用如图9所示的映射关系时，差分数据首先在第2l个符号以第一方向沿着不同子载波映射，然后在2q+1个符号以第二方向沿着不同子载波映射。第一方向与第二方向相反。可以使得差分数据中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道最接近，例如第一通信设备移动速度比较快时，可以使得差分数据中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道最接近。并且，当频域偏移导致不同符号的频域信道变化时，仍然使得差分数据中相邻两个数据单元 经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。
需要注意的是，图9所示的映射关系中，时频资源的第l′个符号中第k′个子载波上发送的数据表示为
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000010
以第一方向是子载波索引增大的方向，且第二方向是子载波索引减小的方向为例，则第l′个符号中第k′个子载波上发送的数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000011
与差分数据x的映射关系满足：
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000012
根据公式(11)，差分数据的第k′+l′K个数据单元与时频资源的第l′个符号中的第k′个子载波对应。同样的，差分数据的第k′+l′K个数据单元与时频资源的第l′个符号中的第k′个子载波上发送的数据一致。确定了差分数据与时频资源的映射关系，也就是确定了差分数据与时频资源内发送的数据的映射关系。
又例如，图10为本申请提供的第三种差分扩频数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系的示意图。假设图10所示的差分扩频数据为所有扩频块的元素依次排列。第一通信设备采用K＝8个子载波发送差分扩频数据。具体来说，在第0个符号以第一方向(例如图10中第一方向为子载波索引增大的方向)沿8个子载波映射差分扩频数据的第0个至第7个差分数据符号(即第0个扩频块和第1个扩频块)。由于第1个符号上差分扩频数据映射的方向与第0个符号上差分扩频数据映射的方向相反，则在第1个符号以第二方向(子载波索引减小的方向)沿8个子载波映射差分扩频数据的第8个至第15个元素(即第2个扩频块和第3个扩频块)。由于第2个符号上差分扩频数据映射的方向与第1个符号上差分扩频数据映射的方向相反，则在第2个符号以第一方向沿8个子载波映射差分扩频数据的第16个至第23个元素(即第4个扩频块和第5个扩频块)，以此类推。
可见，第一通信设备采用如图10所示的映射关系时，差分扩频数据首先在第2l个符号以第一方向沿着不同子载波映射，然后在2q+1个符号以第二方向沿着不同子载波映射。第一方向与第二方向相反。可以使得在高速场景下，扩频块中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道最接近。并且，当频域偏移导致不同符号的频域信道变化和/或存在较小时域偏移时，仍然使得扩频块中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道最接近。还可以使得相邻扩频块(即相邻扩频块对应的相邻差分扩频数据)经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。
需要注意的是，图10所示的映射关系中，时频资源的第l′个符号中第k′个子载波上发送的数据表示为
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000013
以第一方向是子载波索引增大的方向，且第二方向是子载波索引减小的方向为例，则第l′个符号中第k′个子载波上发送的数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000014
与差分扩频数据x S的映射关系满足：
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000015
根据公式(12)，差分扩频数据的第k′+l′K个数据单元与时频资源的第l′个符号中的第k′个子载波对应。同样的，差分扩频数据的第k′+l′K个数据单元与时频资源的第l′个符号中的第k′个子载波上发送的数据一致。确定了差分扩频数据与时频资源的映射关系，也就是确定了差分扩频数据与时频资源内发送的数据的映射关系。
情况四：第一数据为差分扩频数据，数据单元为差分扩频数据符号块。差分扩频数据符号块包括l block×k block个差分扩频数据符号。时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波。映射关系包括：
第一数据按照数据单元在第2l×l block个符号至第(2l+1)l block-1个符号之间以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第(2q+1)l block个符号至第2(q+1)l block-1个符号之间以第二方向沿K个子载波映射。
例如，图11为本申请提供的第四种差分扩频数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系的示意图。假设图11所示的差分扩频数据为所有扩频块的元素依次排列。第一通信设备采用K＝6个子载波发送差分扩频数据。一个扩频块包括6个差分扩频数据符号。假设该6个差分扩频数据符号在连续2个符号，每个符号的3个连续的子载波内映射。第一通信设备首先在第0个符号和第1个符号以第一方向(例如图11中第一方向为子载波索引增大的方向)映射第0个扩频块和第1个扩频块。然后在第2个符号和第3个符号以第二方向(符号索引减小的方向)映射第2个扩频块和第3个扩频块。接着在第4个符号和第5个符号以第一方向映射第4个扩频块和第5个扩频块，以此类推。
可见，第一通信设备采用如图11所示的映射关系时，使得在高速场景下扩频块中相邻两个差分扩频数据符号经过的频域信道最接近。并且，当时域偏移导致不同子载波的频域信道变化和频域偏移导致不同符号的频域信道变化接近时，仍然使得扩频块中相邻两个差分扩频数据符号经过的频域信道最接近。还可以使得相邻扩频块(即相邻扩频块对应的相邻差分扩频数据)经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。
一种可能的实现中，上述情况一至情况四描述的映射关系可以是预定义的。例如，第一通信设备可以预定义如图5至图11所示的其中一种映射关系。差分数据/差分扩频数据与时频资源也可以存在N MAP种不同的映射关系。其中N MAP为大于1的整数。其中N MAP种不同的映射关系可以是预定义的，也可以由高层信令指示。第一通信设备可以从N MAP种不同的映射关系中选取一种映射关系作为差分数据/差分扩频数据与时频资源的映射关系，然后可以将所选取的映射关系通过信令的方式通知给第二通信设备。
另一种可能的实现中，上述情况一至情况四描述的映射关系可以由第二通信设备通过信令指示的方式通知第一通信设备。例如，可以采用
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000016
比特的信令。该信令指示的0至N MAP-1的数值与N MAP种不同的映射关系一一对应。第二通信设备可以向第一通信设备发送信令指示的数值。第一通信设备根据获取的信令指示的数值确定差分数据/差分扩频数据与时频资源的映射关系。
第一通信设备基于上述情况一至情况四描述的映射关系可以将差分数据/差分扩频数据映射得到时频资源的第个l′个符号发送的数据(即
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000017
)。对于符号l′，可以根据时频资源的第个l′个符号发送的数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000018
生成OFDM符号的数据或者生成SC-FDMA符号的数据。从而，第一通信设备在时频资源上发送第个l′个符号的OFDM符号的数据或者第个l′个符号的SC-FDMA符号的数据。
一种可能的实施方式中，第一通信设备将第一数据映射到时频资源上进行传输，可以包括以下步骤：
s11，将第一数据映射到所述时频资源上，并根据时频资源上的数据生成正交频分复用符号的数据；
s12，向第二通信设备发送所述正交频分复用符号的数据
以生成OFDM符号的数据为例，可以将时频资源的第l′个符号发送的数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000019
进行傅里叶反变换得到OFDM符号的数据。其中，傅里叶反变换可以是离散傅里叶反变换(inverse discrete fourier transform，IDFT)，或者快速傅里叶反变换(inverse fast fourier transform，IFFT)，也可以是其他形式的傅里叶反变换。傅里叶反变换的过程也可以参考协议标准中对应的描述，本申请不作限定。
另一种可能的实施方式中，第一通信设备将第一数据映射到时频资源上进行传输，可以包括以下步骤：
s21，将所述第一数据映射到所述时频资源上，并且进行傅里叶变换得到对应的傅里叶变换的输出数据；
s22，根据所述傅里叶变换的输出数据生成单载波频分多址符号的数据；
s23，向第二通信设备发送所述单载波频分多址符号的数据。
此时，时频资源可以包括但不限于：发送数据的符号数目、每个符号可以发送的数据单元数目、符号的位置、每个符号发送的数据单元的位置等。
以生成SC-FDMA符号为例，可以将时频资源的第l′个符号发送的数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000020
进行傅里叶变换得到傅里叶变换的输出数据(例如表示为y l′)。然后将傅里叶变换的输出数据y l′进行傅里叶反变换得到SC-FDMA符号的数据。具体的，傅里叶变换的输出数据y l′与第l′个符号发送的数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000021
的关系满足：
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000022
其中，y l′(r)表示输出数据y l′的第r个数据单元(即第r个值)。
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000023
表示第l′个符号的第k′个位置发送的数据。r为满足0≤r≤K-1的整数。在这种情况下，第l′个符号对应的傅里叶变换的输出数据y l′的第r个元素可以映射到时频资源中的第r个子载波上。也就是说，y l′的第r个元素在时频资源的第l′个符号的第r个子载波上发送。其中，傅里叶变换可以是离散傅里叶变换(discrete fourier transform，DFT)或者快速傅里叶变换(fast fourier transform，FFT)，还可以是其它傅里叶变换形式。例如，傅里叶变换的过程也可以参考协议标准中对应的描述，本申请不作限定。
可选的，第一通信设备可以输出初始化差分数据，或者不输出初始化差分数据。可以理解的，初始化差分数据也就是第一数据的初始值。
一种可能的实现中，第一通信设备可以不发送初始化差分数据。在这种情况下，初始化差分数据是第一通信设备和第二通信设备均已知的。例如，初始化差分数据是预定义的数值。
另一种可能的实现中，第二通信设备可以向第一通信设备发送初始化差分数据。第一通信设备接收该初始化差分数据，基于该初始化差分数据生成第一数据。例如，以第一通信设备为终端设备，第二通信设备为基站设备为例。第二通信设备向第一通信设备发送下行控制信息(downlinkcontrol information，DCI)。该DCI承载了初始化差分数据。或者第二通信设备向第一通信设备发送高层信令，该高层信令指示了初始化差分数据的值。
又一种可能的实现中，第一通信设备可以向第二通信设备发送初始化差分数据。例如，以第一通信设备为终端设备，第二通信设备为基站设备为例。第一通信设备向第二通信设备发送上行控制消息(uplinkcontrol information，UCI)，该消息承载了初始化差分数据。或者，第一通信设备向第二通信设备发送高层信令，该高层信令指示了初始化差分数据的值。或者，第一通信设备将第一数据映射到时频资源上进行传输时，也传输初始化差分数据。
具体来说，当第一通信设备进行一次传输时，第一通信设备可以发送该次传输所使用的初始化差分数据。例如，第一通信设备可以将初始化差分数据与差分数据合并得到合并差分数据。该合并差分数据与初始化差分数据、差分数据的关系满足：
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000024
其中，x(m′)表示至少两个差分数据符号中的第m′个差分数据符号。x(-1)表示初始化差分数据。x 1(m′)为所述表示合并差分数据的第m′个元素。可以理解的是，合并差分数据包含M+1个值。在这种情况下，第一数据可以是合并差分数据，第一数据也可以是将合并差分数据进行扩频处理得到的输出数据。
当第一通信设备进行超过一次传输时，第一通信设备可以在不同传输过程中发送不同的传输块(transport block，TB)。第一通信设备也可以将一个传输块分成多个子块依次在不同传输过程中发送，本申请不做限制。在这种情况下，第一通信设备可以在首次传输过程中发送初始化差分数据，在剩余的传输过程中不发送初始化差分数据。在剩余的传输过程中，初始化差分数据是首次传输过程所使用的初始化差分数据。
可见，第一通信设备输出初始化差分数据，可以避免第二通信设备解差分得到的调制数据的第0个元素出现相位模糊，从而影响解调性能。
303，第二通信设备在时频资源上接收第一数据，并基于映射关系对第一数据进行解调。
可以理解的是，本申请中第一数据为不同类型的数据时，对应不同的解调方式。例如，当第一数据为差分数据时，对第一数据进行解调表示解差分。当第一数据为差分扩频数据时，对第一数据进行解调表示解差分和解扩频。
以第一通信设备发送OFDM符号的数据为例。第二通信设备接收第一通信设备发送的OFDM符号的数据，然后将OFDM符号的数据进行傅里叶变换得到接收的频域数据。第二通信设备从接收的频域数据中获取经过多径信道的第l′个符号接收的数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000025
根据差分数据与时频资源的映射关系和第l′个符号接收的数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000026
可以得到经过多径信道的差分数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000027
对经过多径信道的差分数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000028
进行解差分得到还原的调制数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000029
以BPSK调制或QPSK调制为例，还原的调制数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000030
与经过多径信道的差分数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000031
的关系满足：
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000032
其中，
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000033
表示
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000034
的共轭值。
以终端设备采用1根天线发送数据，基站设备采用1根天线接收数据为例，差分数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000035
经过的频域信道可以表示为H(m)。忽略高斯噪声的影响，则经过多径信道的差分数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000036
与发送的差分数据x的关系近似满足：
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000037
于是，结合公式(15)和(16)以及差分数据和调制数据的关系，还原的调制数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000038
与经过多径信道的差分数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000039
的关系满足：
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000040
可以理解的是，当H(m-1)＝H(m)时，[H(m-1)] *H(m)＝|H(m)| 2，其中|H(m)|表示对H(m)的取模运算。也就是说，当差分数据中相邻两个元素经过的频域信道相同时，第二通信设备还原的调制数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000041
与终端设备发送的调制数据d只是幅度可能不相同，相位是相同的。对于BPSK、QPSK等低阶调制，可以基于此获得比较优秀的解调性能。
可选的，当第一通信设备不发送初始化差分数据时，第二通信设备已知的初始化差分数据没有经过频域信道，则还原的调制数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000042
的第0个元素满足：
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000043
在这种情况下，还原的调制数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000044
的第0个元素
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000045
的相位与第一通信设备发送的调制数据的第0个元素d(0)的相位可能不同。两者之间的相位差与频域信道H(0)相关，而H(0)是未知的。也就是说，还原的调制数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000046
的第0个元素
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000047
存在相位模糊。当发送的调制数据的长度比较短时，可能会影响解调性能。于是，当第一通信设备在每个符号采用K个子载波发送数据时，可以增加发送差分数据的符号数目。也就是说，在L>1个符号内发送差分数据，进而增加差分数据(调制数据)的数据长度，从而减小第二通信设备还原的调制数据的第0个元素由于相位模糊对解调性能的影响。
一种可能的实施方式中，当存在时域偏移时，每个符号的不同子载波的频域信道可以认为会乘以一个相位，该相位的值与时偏的大小和子载波的索引相关。以第一通信设备采用1根天线发送数据，第二通信设备采用1根天线接收数据为例，差分数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000048
(即差分数据的第m个差分数据符号)经过的频域信道可以表示为H(m)。忽略高斯噪声的影响，则经过多径信道的差分数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000049
与发送的差分数据x的关系近似满足：
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000050
其中，相位e j2πα*k′中的参数α是根据时域偏移的大小确定的。索引k′表示差分数据x(m)映射的子载波的索引。可以理解的是，频域数据经过的等效的频域信道表示为H(m)乘以相位e j2πα*k′。
例如，图5所示的映射关系中，绝大多数相邻的两个差分数据符号的子载波的索引相同，符号的索引不同。即对于绝大多数m的取值，x(m)与x(m-1)的子载波索引相同。在这种情况下，还原的调制数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000051
与经过多径信道的差分数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000052
的关系满足：
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000053
根据公式(20)可知，还原的调制数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000054
与相位因子e j2πα*k′无关。也就是说，由于时域偏移引入的相位e j2πα*k′带来的干扰被消除了。因此采用图5所示的映射关系可以抵抗时域偏移带来的干扰。
可以理解的是，时域偏移越大，相邻两个子载波对应的相位的值变化越快。也就是说，不同子载波的频域信道变化越快，即参数α的值(或者幅度)越大。此时差分数据以图5所示的映射关系首先在第2k个子载波以第一方向沿着不同符号映射，然后在第2p+1个子载波以第二方向沿着不同符号映射。可以使得差分数据中绝大多数相邻两个数据单元的子载波的位置相同，符号位置相差为1。则第二通信设备解差分时差分数据中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道受到时域偏移的影响很小，可以提升存在时域偏移时接收机的解调性能。
另一种可能的实施方式中，当存在频域偏移时，每个子载波的不同符号的频域信道同样会乘以一个相位，该相位的值与频偏的大小和符号的索引相关。可以理解的是，频域偏移越大，相邻两个符号对应的相位的值变化越快。也就是说，不同符号的频域信道变化越快。此时差分数据首先在第2l个符号以第一方向沿着不同子载波映射，然后在2q+1个符号以第二方向沿着不同子载波映射。采用这种映射方式，可以使得差分数据中绝大多数相邻两个数据单元符号位置相同，子载波位置相差为1。则第二通信设备解差分时差分数据中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道受到频域偏移的影响很小，可以提升存在频域偏移时接收机的解调性 能。
综上，本申请提供了多种不同的差分数据/差分扩频数据与时频资源的映射关系，可以适配不同时域偏移和/或频域偏移的需求。发射机可以根据时域偏移和/或频域偏移的大小选取合适的差分数据/差分扩频数据与时频资源的映射关系，从而减小接收机解差分时相邻两个差分数据之间信道的变化，有利于提升接收机的解调性能。
在一种示例中，步骤302中第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，还可以包括以下几种情况：
情况五：第一数据为差分数据，数据单元为差分数据符号。或者，第一数据为差分扩频数据，数据单元为差分扩频数据符号。时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波。映射关系包括：
第一数据按照数据单元在第2k个子载波以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第2p+1个子载波以第一方向沿L个符号映射。
例如，图12为本申请提供的第三种差分数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系的示意图。其中，第一通信设备在时域上采用L＝7个符号发送差分数据。具体来说，在第0个子载波以第一方向(例如图12中第一方向为符号索引增大的方向)沿7个符号映射差分数据的第0个至第6个差分数据符号。在第1个子载波继续以第一方向沿7个符号映射差分数据的第7个至第13个差分数据符号。在第2个子载波继续以第一方向沿7个符号映射差分数据的第14个至第20个差分数据符号，以此类推。
可见，第一通信设备采用如图12所示的映射关系时，差分数据首先在第2k个子载波以第一方向沿着不同符号映射，然后在2p+1个子载波继续以第一方向沿着不同符号映射。当不存在时域偏移时，采用这种映射方式实现起来较为简单。当时域偏移导致不同子载波的频域信道变化时，可以尽量使得差分数据中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。
需要注意的是，图12所示的映射关系中，时频资源的第l′个符号中第k′个子载波上发送的数据表示为
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000055
以第一方向是符号索引增大的方向，且第二方向是符号索引减小的方向为例，则第l′个符号中第k′个子载波上发送的数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000056
与差分数据x的映射关系满足：
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000057
根据公式(21)，差分数据的第l′+k′L个数据单元与时频资源的第l′个符号中的第k′个子载波对应。同样的，差分数据的第l′+k′L个数据单元与时频资源的第l′个符号中的第k′个子载波上发送的数据一致。确定了差分数据与时频资源的映射关系，也就是确定了差分数据与时频资源内发送的数据的映射关系。
又例如，图13为本申请提供的第五种差分扩频数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系的示意图。假设图13所示的差分扩频数据为所有扩频块的元素依次排列。第一通信设备采用L＝8个符号发送差分扩频数据。具体来说，在第0个子载波以第一方向(例如图13中第一方向为符号索引增大的方向)沿8个符号映射差分扩频数据的第0个至第7个差分扩频数据符号(即第0个扩频块和第1个扩频块)。在第1个子载波上继续以第一方向沿8个符号映射差分扩频数据的第8个至第15个差分扩频数据符号(即第2个扩频块和第3个扩频块)。在第2个子载波上继续以第一方向沿8个符号映射差分扩频数据的第16个至第23个差分扩频数据符号(即第4个扩频块和第5个扩频块)，以此类推。
可见，第一通信设备采用如图13所示的映射关系时，差分扩频数据首先在第2k个子载波以第一方向沿着不同符号映射，然后在第2p+1个子载波继续以第一方向沿着不同符号映 射。当不存在时域偏移时，采用这种映射方式实现起来较为简单。当时域偏移导致不同子载波的频域信道变化时，可以尽量使得扩频块中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道是接近的，且使得相邻扩频块(即相邻扩频块对应的相邻差分数据)经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。
需要注意的是，图13所示的映射关系中，时频资源的第l′个符号中第k′个子载波上发送的数据表示为
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000058
以第一方向是符号索引增大的方向，且第二方向是符号索引减小的方向为例，则第l′个符号中第k′个子载波上发送的数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000059
与差分扩频数据x S的映射关系满足：
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000060
根据公式(22)，差分扩频数据的第l′+k′L个元素与时频资源的第l′个符号中的第k′个子载波对应。同样的，差分扩频数据的第l′+k′L个元素与时频资源的第l′个符号中的第k′个子载波上发送的数据一致。确定了差分扩频数据与时频资源的映射关系，也就是确定了差分扩频数据与时频资源内发送的数据的映射关系。
情况六：第一数据为差分数据，数据单元为差分数据符号。或者，第一数据为差分扩频数据，数据单元为差分扩频数据符号。时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波，映射关系包括：
第一数据按照数据单元在第2l个符号以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第2q+1个符号以第一方向沿K个子载波映射。
例如，图14为本申请提供的第四种差分数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系的示意图。其中，第一通信设备在频域上采用K＝6个子载波发送差分数据。具体来说，在第0个符号以第一方向(例如图14中第一方向为子载波索引增大的方向)沿6个子载波映射差分数据的第0个至第5个差分数据符号。在第1个符号继续以第一方向沿6个子载波映射差分数据的第6个至第11个差分数据符号。在第2个符号继续以第一方向沿6个子载波映射差分数据的第12个至第17个差分数据符号，以此类推。
可见，第一通信设备采用如图14所示的映射关系时，差分数据首先在第2l个符号以第一方向沿着不同子载波映射，然后在2q+1个符号继续以第一方向沿着不同子载波映射。当不存在频域偏移时，采用这种映射方式实现起来较为简单。当频域偏移导致不同符号的频域信道变化时，可以尽量使得差分数据中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。
需要注意的是，图14所示的映射关系中，时频资源的第l′个符号中第k′个子载波上发送的数据表示为
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000061
以第一方向是子载波索引增大的方向，且第二方向是子载波索引减小的方向为例，则第l′个符号中第k′个子载波上发送的数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000062
与差分数据x的映射关系满足：
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000063
根据公式(23)，差分数据的第k′+l′K个数据单元与时频资源的第l′个符号中的第k′个子载波对应。同样的，差分数据的第k′+l′K个数据单元与时频资源的第l′个符号中的第k′个子载波上发送的数据一致。确定了差分数据与时频资源的映射关系，也就是确定了差分数据与时频资源内发送的数据的映射关系。
又例如，图15为本申请提供的第六种差分扩频数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系的示意图。假设图15所示的差分扩频数据为所有扩频块的元素依次排列。第一通信设备采用K＝8个子载波发送差分扩频数据。具体来说，在第0个符号以第一方向(例如图15中第一方向为子载波索引增大的方向)沿8个子载波映射差分扩频数据的第0个至第7个差分数据符号(即 第0个扩频块和第1个扩频块)。在第1个符号继续以第一方向沿8个子载波映射差分扩频数据的第8个至第15个元素(即第2个扩频块和第3个扩频块)。在第2个符号继续以第一方向沿8个子载波映射差分扩频数据的第16个至第23个元素(即第4个扩频块和第5个扩频块)，以此类推。
可见，第一通信设备采用如图15所示的映射关系时，差分扩频数据首先在第2l个符号以第一方向沿着不同子载波映射，然后在2q+1个符号继续以第一方向沿着不同子载波映射。当不存在频域偏移时，采用这种映射方式实现起来较为简单。当频域偏移导致不同符号的频域信道变化时，可以尽量使得扩频块中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道是接近的。还可以尽量使得相邻扩频块(即相邻扩频块对应的相邻差分扩频数据)经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。
需要注意的是，图15所示的映射关系中，时频资源的第l′个符号中第k′个子载波上发送的数据表示为
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000064
以第一方向是子载波索引增大的方向，且第二方向是子载波索引减小的方向为例，则第l′个符号中第k′个子载波上发送的数据
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000065
与差分扩频数据x S的映射关系满足：
Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-000066
根据公式(24)，差分扩频数据的第k′+l′K个数据单元与时频资源的第l′个符号中的第k′个子载波对应。同样的，差分扩频数据的第k′+l′K个数据单元与时频资源的第l′个符号中的第k′个子载波上发送的数据一致。确定了差分扩频数据与时频资源的映射关系，也就是确定了差分扩频数据与时频资源内发送的数据的映射关系。
情况七：第一数据为差分扩频数据，数据单元为差分扩频数据符号块。差分扩频数据符号块包括l block×k block个差分扩频数据符号。时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波。映射关系包括：
第一数据按照数据单元在第2k×k block个子载波至第(2k+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第(2p+1)k block个子载波至第2(p+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第一方向沿L个符号映射。
其中，差分扩频数据中的扩频块可以映射到多个符号和多个子载波内。具体实现方式可以参考图7a和图7b实施例对应的描述，此处不再赘述。基于扩频块中的差分扩频数据符号的映射方式，以及扩频块在时频资源中的映射关系，可以确定差分扩频数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系。
例如，图16为本申请提供的第七种差分扩频数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系的示意图。假设图16所示的差分扩频数据为所有扩频块的元素依次排列。第一通信设备采用L＝6个符号发送差分扩频数据。一个扩频块包括6个差分扩频数据符号。假设该6个差分扩频数据符号在连续3个符号，每个符号的2个连续的子载波内映射。第一通信设备首先在第0个子载波和第1个子载波以第一方向(例如图16中第一方向为符号索引增大的方向)映射第0个扩频块和第1个扩频块。然后在第2个子载波和第3个子载波继续以第一方向映射第2个扩频块和第3个扩频块。接着在第4个子载波和第5个子载波继续以第一方向映射第4个扩频块和第5个扩频块，以此类推。
可见，第一通信设备采用如图16所示的映射关系时，可以尽量使得在低速场景下扩频块中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道是接近的。当时域偏移导致不同子载波的频域信道变化和频域偏移导致不同符号的频域信道变化接近时，尽量使得扩频块中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道是接近的。还可以尽量使得大部分相邻扩频块(即大部分相邻扩频块对应的相邻 差分扩频数据)经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。
情况八：第一数据为差分扩频数据，数据单元为差分扩频数据符号块。差分扩频数据符号块包括l block×k block个差分扩频数据符号。时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波。映射关系包括：
第一数据按照数据单元在第2l×l block个符号至第(2l+1)l block-1个符号之间以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第(2q+1)l block个符号至第2(q+1)l block-1个符号之间以第一方向沿K个子载波映射。
例如，图17为本申请提供的第八种差分扩频数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系的示意图。假设图17所示的差分扩频数据为所有扩频块的元素依次排列。第一通信设备采用K＝6个子载波发送差分扩频数据。一个扩频块包括6个差分扩频数据符号。假设该6个差分扩频数据符号在连续2个符号，每个符号的3个连续的子载波内映射。第一通信设备首先在第0个符号和第1个符号以第一方向(例如图17中第一方向为子载波索引增大的方向)映射第0个扩频块和第1个扩频块。然后在第2个符号和第3个符号继续以第一方向映射第2个扩频块和第3个扩频块。接着在第4个符号和第5个符号继续以第一方向映射第4个扩频块和第5个扩频块，以此类推。
可见，第一通信设备采用如图17所示的映射关系时，可以尽量使得在高速场景下扩频块中相邻两个差分扩频数据符号经过的频域信道是接近的。当时域偏移导致不同子载波的频域信道变化和频域偏移导致不同符号的频域信道变化接近时，尽量使得扩频块中相邻两个差分扩频数据符号经过的频域信道是接近的。还可以尽量使得大部分相邻扩频块(即大部分相邻扩频块对应的相邻差分扩频数据)经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。
图18为本申请提供的另一种数据处理方法的流程示意图。该数据处理方法应用于如图1所示的通信***。例如，该数据处理方法可以由第一通信设备来执行，包括以下步骤：
1801，第一通信设备确定Pi/2二进制相移键控Pi/2-BPSK调制方式。
1802，第一通信设备采用Pi/2-BPSK调制方式生成第二数据，第二数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，相邻两个差分数据符号的相位差为π/2或-π/2。其中，第一通信设备采用Pi/2-BPSK调制方式生成第二数据，可以是将待发送比特数据进行调制得到调制数据，将调制数据进行差分调制得到第二数据。其中，调制数据包含至少两个数据单元(即至少两个调制数据符号)，第二数据包含至少两个数据单元(即至少两个差分数据符号)。
上述步骤1801和1802，可以理解为，第一通信设备获取第二数据的步骤。具体来说，本申请描述的Pi/2-BPSK调制方式对现有的Pi/2-BPSK调制方式进行了改进，使得采用本申请的Pi/2-BPSK调制方式经过差分调制后生成的第二数据仍然是Pi/2-BPSK调制数据，仍然具有低PAPR的特性，有利于数据的解调。
传统的Pi/2-BPSK调制方式中，调制数据是基于待发送比特数据进行调制得到，其中调制数据的相邻两个调制符号的相位差为π/2或-π/2。基于调制数据生成的SC-FDMA符号的PAPR是比较低的，具有低PAPR特性。有利于提高生成的SC-FDMA符号的发送功率，提升解调性能。可以理解的是，第一通信设备可以基于调制数据中的每一个调制符号生成该调制符号的SC-FDMA符号，然后将每一个调制符号的SC-FDMA符号进行叠加得到基于调制数据生成的SC-FDMA符号。因此，由于调制数据的相邻两个调制符号的相位差为π/2或-π/2，避免了相邻两个调制符号的SC-FDMA符号进行叠加时是同向叠加的。从而可以大大减小叠加得到的SC-FDMA符号的最大值的幅度，进而具有低PAPR的特性。
但是，如果基于传统的Pi/2-BPSK调制方式生成调制符号(即相邻两个调制符号的相位 差为π/2或-π/2)，进行差分调制生成差分数据。则该差分数据中的相邻两个调制符号的相位差不止是π/2或-π/2，可能有更多的相位差的值。此时，差分数据中相邻两个差分数据符号的SC-FDMA符号可能会产生同向叠加，导致PAPR较高。因此，基于传统的Pi/2-BPSK调制方式生成的差分数据，再生成的SC-FDMA符号的PAPR是比较高的，会影响解调性能。
一种可能的实现中，第一通信设备将待发送比特数据进行调制得到调制数据。其中，待发送比特数据与调制数据的关系满足公式(2)。将调制数据进行差分调制得到第二数据。其中调制数据与第二数据的关系满足公式(5)，第二数据为公式(5)中的x。采用公式(2)，使得调制数据中第m个数据单元(调制符号)d(m)为1或者-1。此时任意两个调制符号的相位差为π或0。因此将该调制数据进行差分调制得到第二数据时，可以减少第二数据中相邻两个数据单元(差分数据符号)的相位差的取值的数目，从而可以降低PAPR。具体来说，采用公式(2)和公式(5)时，可以使得第二数据中相邻两个差分数据符号的相位差为π/2或-π/2，可以降低PAPR。
另一种可能的实现中，第一通信设备将待发送比特数据进行调制得到调制数据。其中，待发送比特数据与调制数据的关系满足公式(6)。将调制数据进行差分调制得到第二数据。其中，调制数据与第二数据的关系满足公式(1)，第二数据表示为公式(1)中的x。采用公式(6)，使得调制数据中第m个数据单元(调制符号)d(m)为j或者-j。此时任意两个调制符号的相位差为π或0。因此将该调制数据进行差分数据得到第二数据时，可以减少第二数据中相邻两个数据单元(差分数据符号)的相位差的取值的数目，从而可以降低PAPR。具体来说，采用公式(6)和公式(1)时，可以使得第二数据中相邻两个差分数据符号的相位差为π/2或-π/2，可以降低PAPR。
可选的，第一通信设备可以确定一种改进的BPSK调制方式。第一通信设备采用该改进的BPSK调制方式生成第二数据。第二数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，任意两个差分数据符号的相位差为π或0。其中，第一通信设备将待发送比特数据进行调制得到调制数据，待发送比特数据与调制数据的关系满足公式(2)。将调制数据进行差分调制得到第二数据，调制数据与第二数据的关系满足公式(1)，第二数据表示为公式(1)中的x。可以使得第二数据仍然是BPSK调制数据(即任意两个差分数据符号的相位差为π或0)，基于第二数据生成的SC-FDMA符号的PAPR比较低，与基于BPSK调制数据的SC-FDMA符号的PAPR一致。
可选的，第一通信设备可以确定一种改进的QPSK调制方式。第一通信设备采用该改进的QPSK调制方式生成第二数据。第二数据包括至少两个差分数据符号。其中，第一通信设备将待发送比特数据进行调制得到调制数据，待发送比特数据与调制数据的关系满足公式(3)或满足公式(4)。将调制数据进行差分调制得到第二数据，调制数据与第二数据的关系满足公式(1)，第二数据表示为公式(1)中的x。可以使得第二数据仍然是QPSK调制数据，基于第二数据生成的SC-FDMA符号的PAPR比较低，与基于QPSK调制数据的SC-FDMA符号的PAPR一致。
可选的，第一通信设备还可以对第二数据进行扩频处理得到第二数据的扩频数据，第一通信设备可以基于第二数据的扩频数据生成SC-FDMA符号。
为了实现本申请提供的方法中的各功能，本申请提供的装置或设备可以包括硬件结构和/或软件模块，以硬件结构、软件模块、或硬件结构加软件模块的形式来实现上述各功能。上述各功能中的某个功能以硬件结构、软件模块、还是硬件结构加软件模块的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。本申请中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能 模块可以集成在一个处理器中，也可以是单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上模块集成在一个模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。
图19为本申请提供的一种设备1900，用于实现上述方法实施例中的数据处理方法。该设备也可以是芯片***。设备1900包括通信接口1901，该通信接口例如可以是收发器、接口、总线、电路或者能够实现收发功能的装置。其中，通信接口1901用于通过传输介质和其它设备进行通信，从而用于接入网设备1900中的装置可以和其它设备进行通信。设备1900还包括至少一个处理器1902。处理器1902和通信接口1901用于实现图3至图18对应的方法实施例中第一通信设备和第二通信设备所执行的方法。
示例性地，通信接口1901和处理器1902用于实现图3至图11对应的方法实施例中第一通信设备所执行的方法。该示例中，设备1900可以是终端设备，也可以是终端设备中的装置，或者是能够和终端设备匹配使用的装置。其中，通信接口1901用于获取第一数据。第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号。处理器1902用于基于第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，将第一数据映射到时频资源上进行传输。其中，映射关系包括：第一数据中相邻两个数据单元在时频资源上时域相邻或者频域相邻。数据单元为以下任意一种：差分数据符号、差分扩频数据符号、差分扩频数据符号块。该示例中通信接口1901和处理器1902的具体执行流程参考图3至图11对应的方法实施例中的第一通信设备所执行的操作的详细描述，此处不再赘述。在该示例中，通信接口1901和处理器1902所执行的步骤使得第一数据可以在多个符号内发送。相较于第一数据在一个符号内发送，第一通信设备可以根据时域偏移或频域偏移的不同场景，灵活选择第一数据在时频资源上的映射关系。基于映射关系，当时域偏移或频域偏移导致频域信道变化时，能够使第一数据中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。
示例性地，通信接口1901和处理器1902用于实现图3至图11对应的方法实施例中第二通信设备所执行的方法。该示例中，设备1900可以是网络设备，也可以是网络设备中的装置，或者是能够和网络设备匹配使用的装置。其中，通信接口1901用于在时频资源上接收第一数据，第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号。处理器1902用于基于映射关系对第一数据进行解调。映射关系包括：第一数据中相邻两个数据单元在时频资源上时域相邻或者频域相邻。数据单元为以下任意一种：差分数据符号、差分扩频数据符号、差分扩频数据符号块。该示例中通信接口1901和处理器1902的具体执行流程参考图3至图11对应的方法实施例中的第二通信设备所执行的操作的详细描述，此处不再赘述。在该示例中，通信接口1901和处理器1902所执行的步骤使得当第一数据基于映射关系映射到时频资源上传输时，可以减少接收机解调时相邻两个数据单元之间的信道的变化。从而有利于接收机基于映射关系对第一数据进行解调时，提升接收机的解调性能。
示例性地，通信接口1901和处理器1902用于实现图12至图15对应的方法实施例中第一通信设备所执行的方法。该示例中，设备1900可以是终端设备，也可以是终端设备中的装置，或者是能够和终端设备匹配使用的装置。其中，通信接口1901用于获取第一数据，第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号。处理器1902用于基于第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，将第一数据映射到时频资源上进行传输。时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波。映射关系包括：第一数据按照数据单元在第2k个子载波以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第2p+1个子载波以第一方向沿L个符号映射；或者，映射关系包括：第一数据按照数据单元在第2l个符号以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第2q+1个符 号以第一方向沿K个子载波映射。其中，数据单元为差分数据符号或差分扩频数据符号。k为满足0≤2k≤K-1的整数，p为满足0≤2p+1≤K-1的整数，l为满足0≤2l≤L-1的整数，q为满足0≤2q+1≤L-1的整数。L和K为大于1的整数。该示例中通信接口1901和处理器1902的具体执行流程参考图12至图15对应的方法实施例中的第一通信设备所执行的操作的详细描述，此处不再赘述。在该示例中，通信接口1901和处理器1902所执行的步骤在没有时域偏移或频域偏移的场景中，使得第一通信设备可以采用上述映射关系将第一数据中相邻两个差分数据符号或差分扩频数据符号映射至时频资源进行传输。该映射关系较为简单，更容易实现。并且在没有时域偏移或频域偏移的场景中，同样可以使第一数据中相邻两个差分数据符号或差分扩频数据符号经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。
示例性地，通信接口1901和处理器1902用于实现图16和图17对应的方法实施例中第一通信设备所执行的方法。该示例中，设备1900可以是终端设备，也可以是终端设备中的装置，或者是能够和终端设备匹配使用的装置。其中，通信接口1901用于获取第一数据，第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号。处理器1902用于基于第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，将第一数据映射到时频资源上进行传输。时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波。映射关系包括：
第一数据按照数据单元在第2k×k block个子载波至第(2k+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第(2p+1)k block个子载波至第2(p+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第一方向沿L个符号映射。或者，
第一数据按照数据单元在第2l×l block个符号至第(2l+1)l block-1个符号之间以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第(2q+1)l block个符号至第2(q+1)l block-1个符号之间以第一方向沿K个子载波映射。
其中，数据单元为差分扩频数据符号块。差分扩频数据符号块包括l block×k block个差分扩频数据符号。k为满足0≤(2k+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数。p为满足0≤2(p+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数。l为满足0≤(2l+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数。q为满足0≤2(q+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数。l block为满足1≤l block≤L的整数。k block为满足1≤k block≤K的整数。L和K为大于1的整数。
该示例中通信接口1901和处理器1902的具体执行流程参考图16和图17对应的方法实施例中的第一通信设备所执行的操作的详细描述，此处不再赘述。在该示例中，通信接口1901和处理器1902所执行的步骤在没有时域偏移或频域偏移的场景中，使得第一通信设备可以采用上述映射关系将第一数据中相邻两个差分扩频数据符号块映射至时频资源进行传输。该映射关系较为简单，更容易实现。并且在没有时域偏移或频域偏移的场景中，同样可以使第一数据中相邻两个差分扩频数据符号块经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。
示例性地，通信接口1901和处理器1902用于实现图18对应的方法实施例中第一通信设备所执行的方法。该示例中，设备1900可以是终端设备，也可以是终端设备中的装置，或者是能够和终端设备匹配使用的装置。其中，通信接口1901用于获取第二数据，第二数据包括至少两个差分数据符号。第二数据为采用Pi/2二进制相移键控Pi/2-BPSK调制方式生成的差分数据符号，相邻两个差分数据符号的相位差为π/2或-π/2。该示例中通信接口1901和处理器1902的具体执行流程参考图18对应的方法实施例中的第一通信设备所执行的操作的详细描述，此处不再赘述。在该示例中，通信接口1901和处理器1902所执行的步骤采用一种改进的Pi/2-BPSK调制方式生成差分数据符号。相较于现有的Pi/2-BPSK调制方式生成的差分数据符号的相位差可能存在两个或两个以上的不同取值，本申请生成的差分数据符号的相 位差为π/2或-π/2这两种取值，便于数据的解调。
设备1900还可以包括至少一个存储器1903，用于存储程序指令和/或数据。一种实施方式中，存储器1903和处理器1902耦合。本申请中的耦合是装置、单元或模块之间的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式，用于装置、单元或模块之间的信息交互。处理器1902可能和存储器1903协同操作。处理器1902可能执行存储器1903中存储的程序指令。所述至少一个存储器和处理器集成在一起。
本申请中不限定上述通信接口1901、处理器1902以及存储器1903之间的具体连接介质。本申请在图19中以存储器1903、处理器1902以及通信接口1901之间通过总线1904连接，总线在图19中以粗线表示，其它部件之间的连接方式，仅是进行示意性说明，并不引以为限。所述总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图19中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
在本申请中，处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器、专用集成电路、现场可编程门阵列或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件，可以实现或者执行本申请中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。
在本申请中，存储器可以是非易失性存储器，比如硬盘(hard disk drive，HDD)或固态硬盘(solid-state drive，SSD)等，还可以是易失性存储器(volatile memory)，例如随机存取存储器(random-access memory，RAM)。存储器是能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。本申请中的存储器还可以是电路或者其它任意能够实现存储功能的装置，用于存储程序指令和/或数据。
图20为本申请提供的一种装置2000。一种实施方式中，该装置可以包括执行图3至图18对应的方法实施例中所描述的方法/操作/步骤/动作所一一对应的模块。该模块可以是硬件电路，也可以是软件，也可以是硬件电路结合软件实现。一种实施方式中，该装置可以包括收发单元2001和处理单元2002。
示例性地，该装置2000可以是第一通信设备，也可以是第一通信设备中的装置，或者是能够和第一通信设备匹配使用的装置。其中，收发单元2001用于获取第一数据。第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号。处理单元2002用于基于第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，将第一数据映射到时频资源上进行传输。其中，映射关系包括：第一数据中相邻两个数据单元在时频资源上时域相邻或者频域相邻。数据单元为以下任意一种：差分数据符号、差分扩频数据符号、差分扩频数据符号块。该示例中收发单元2001和处理单元2002的具体执行流程参考图3至图11对应的方法实施例中的第一通信设备所执行的操作的详细描述，此处不再赘述。在该示例中，收发单元2001和处理单元2002所执行的步骤使得第一数据可以在多个符号内发送。相较于第一数据在一个符号内发送，第一通信设备可以根据时域偏移或频域偏移的不同场景，灵活选择第一数据在时频资源上的映射关系。基于映射关系，当时域偏移或频域偏移导致频域信道变化时，能够使第一数据中相邻两个数据单元经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。
示例性地，该装置2000可以是第二通信设备，也可以是第二通信设备中的装置，或者是能够和第二通信设备匹配使用的装置。其中，收发单元2001用于在时频资源上接收第一数据，第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号。处理单元2002用于基于映射关系对第一数据进行解调。映射关系包括：第一数据中相邻两个数据单元在时频资 源上时域相邻或者频域相邻。数据单元为以下任意一种：差分数据符号、差分扩频数据符号、差分扩频数据符号块。该示例中收发单元2001和处理单元2002的具体执行流程参考图3至图11对应的方法实施例中的第二通信设备所执行的操作的详细描述，此处不再赘述。在该示例中，收发单元2001和处理单元2002所执行的步骤使得当第一数据基于映射关系映射到时频资源上传输时，可以减少接收机解调时相邻两个数据单元之间的信道的变化。从而有利于接收机基于映射关系对第一数据进行解调时，提升接收机的解调性能。
示例性地，该装置2000可以是第一通信设备，也可以是第一通信设备中的装置，或者是能够和第一通信设备匹配使用的装置。其中，收发单元2001用于获取第一数据，第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号。处理单元2002用于基于第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，将第一数据映射到时频资源上进行传输。时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波。映射关系包括：第一数据按照数据单元在第2k个子载波以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第2p+1个子载波以第一方向沿L个符号映射；或者，映射关系包括：第一数据按照数据单元在第2l个符号以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第2q+1个符号以第一方向沿K个子载波映射。其中，数据单元为差分数据符号或差分扩频数据符号。k为满足0≤2k≤K-1的整数，p为满足0≤2p+1≤K-1的整数，l为满足0≤2l≤L-1的整数，q为满足0≤2q+1≤L-1的整数。L和K为大于1的整数。该示例中收发单元2001和处理单元2002的具体执行流程参考图12至图15对应的方法实施例中的第一通信设备所执行的操作的详细描述，此处不再赘述。在该示例中，收发单元2001和处理单元2002所执行的步骤在没有时域偏移或频域偏移的场景中，使得第一通信设备可以采用上述映射关系将第一数据中相邻两个差分数据符号或差分扩频数据符号映射至时频资源进行传输。该映射关系较为简单，更容易实现。并且在没有时域偏移或频域偏移的场景中，同样可以使第一数据中相邻两个差分数据符号或差分扩频数据符号经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。
示例性地，该装置2000可以是第一通信设备，也可以是第一通信设备中的装置，或者是能够和第一通信设备匹配使用的装置。其中，收发单元2001用于获取第一数据，第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号。处理单元2002用于基于第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，将第一数据映射到时频资源上进行传输。时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波。映射关系包括：
第一数据按照数据单元在第2k×k block个子载波至第(2k+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第(2p+1)k block个子载波至第2(p+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第一方向沿L个符号映射。或者，
第一数据按照数据单元在第2l×l block个符号至第(2l+1)l block-1个符号之间以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第(2q+1)l block个符号至第2(q+1)l block-1个符号之间以第一方向沿K个子载波映射。
其中，数据单元为差分扩频数据符号块。差分扩频数据符号块包括l block×k block个差分扩频数据符号。k为满足0≤(2k+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数。p为满足0≤2(p+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数。l为满足0≤(2l+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数。q为满足0≤2(q+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数。l block为满足1≤l block≤L的整数。k block为满足1≤k block≤K的整数。L和K为大于1的整数。
该示例中收发单元2001和处理单元2002的具体执行流程参考图16和图17对应的方法实施例中的第一通信设备所执行的操作的详细描述，此处不再赘述。在该示例中，收发单元2001和处理单元2002所执行的步骤在没有时域偏移或频域偏移的场景中，使得第一通信设 备可以采用上述映射关系将第一数据中相邻两个差分扩频数据符号块映射至时频资源进行传输。该映射关系较为简单，更容易实现。并且在没有时域偏移或频域偏移的场景中，同样可以使第一数据中相邻两个差分扩频数据符号块经过的频域信道是接近的，有利于提升解调性能。
示例性地，该装置2000可以是第一通信设备，也可以是第一通信设备中的装置，或者是能够和第一通信设备匹配使用的装置。其中，收发单元2001用于获取第二数据，第二数据包括至少两个差分数据符号。第二数据为采用Pi/2二进制相移键控Pi/2-BPSK调制方式生成的差分数据符号，相邻两个差分数据符号的相位差为π/2或-π/2。该示例中收发单元2001和处理单元2002的具体执行流程参考图18对应的方法实施例中的第一通信设备所执行的操作的详细描述，此处不再赘述。在该示例中，收发单元2001和处理单元2002所执行的步骤采用一种改进的Pi/2-BPSK调制方式生成差分数据符号。相较于现有的Pi/2-BPSK调制方式生成的差分数据符号的相位差可能存在两个或两个以上的不同取值，本申请生成的差分数据符号的相位差为π/2或-π/2这两种取值，便于数据的解调。
本申请提供一种通信***。该通信***包括用于执行图3至图18对应的实施例中的方法的第一通信设备和第二通信设备。
本申请提供一种通信装置。该通信装置由输入输出接口和逻辑电路组成。输入输出接口用于输入或输出数据。例如，图3实施例中输入输出接口输入的数据可以是第一数据。逻辑电路按照图3至图18对应的实施例中的第一通信设备所执行的方法对待数据进行处理，获取处理后的数据。例如，图3实施例中处理后的数据可以是第一数据映射到所述时频资源上进行传输的数据。
本申请提供另一种通信装置。该通信装置由输入输出接口和逻辑电路组成。输入输出接口用于输入或输出数据。逻辑电路按照图3至图18对应的实施例中的第二通信设备所执行的方法对数据进行处理，获取处理后的数据。
本申请提供一种计算机可读存储介质。该计算机可读存储介质存储有程序或指令。当所述程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如图3至图18对应的实施例中的数据处理方法。
本申请中提供一种计算机程序产品。该计算机程序产品包括指令。当所述指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如图3至图18对应的实施例中的数据处理方法。
本申请提供一种芯片或者芯片***，该芯片或者芯片***包括至少一个处理器和接口，接口和至少一个处理器通过线路互联，至少一个处理器用于运行计算机程序或指令，以执行如图3至图18对应的实施例中的数据处理方法。
其中，芯片中的接口可以为输入/输出接口、管脚或电路等。
上述芯片***可以是片上***(system on chip，SOC)，也可以是基带芯片等，其中基带芯片可以包括处理器、信道编码器、数字信号处理器、调制解调器和接口模块等。
在一种实现方式中，本申请中上述描述的芯片或者芯片***还包括至少一个存储器，该至少一个存储器中存储有指令。该存储器可以为芯片内部的存储单元，例如，寄存器、缓存等，也可以是该芯片的存储单元(例如，只读存储器、随机存取存储器等)。
本申请提供的技术方案可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网 络、网络设备、终端设备或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机可以存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DVD))、或者半导体介质等。
在本申请中，在无逻辑矛盾的前提下，各实施例之间可以相互引用，例如方法实施例之间的方法和/或术语可以相互引用，例如装置实施例之间的功能和/或术语可以相互引用，例如装置实施例和方法实施例之间的功能和/或术语可以相互引用。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (38)

  1. 一种数据处理方法，其特征在于，应用于第一通信设备，所述方法包括：
    获取第一数据，所述第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号；
    基于所述第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，将所述第一数据映射到所述时频资源上进行传输；
    所述映射关系包括：所述第一数据中相邻两个数据单元在时频资源上时域相邻或者频域相邻；
    所述数据单元为以下任意一种：差分数据符号、差分扩频数据符号、差分扩频数据符号块。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据单元为差分数据符号或差分扩频数据符号，所述时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波，所述映射关系包括：
    所述第一数据按照数据单元在第2k个子载波以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第2p+1个子载波以第二方向沿L个符号映射；或者，
    所述第一数据按照数据单元在第2l个符号以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第2q+1个符号以第二方向沿K个子载波映射；
    其中，所述第一方向与所述第二方向相反，所述k为满足0≤2k≤K-1的整数，所述p为满足0≤2p+1≤K-1的整数，所述l为满足0≤2l≤L-1的整数，所述q为满足0≤2q+1≤L-1的整数，所述L和所述K为大于1的整数。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据单元为差分扩频数据符号块，所述差分扩频数据符号块包括l block×k block个差分扩频数据符号，所述时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波，所述映射关系包括：
    所述第一数据按照数据单元在第2k×k block个子载波至第(2k+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第(2p+1)k block个子载波至第2(p+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第二方向沿L个符号映射；或者，
    所述第一数据按照数据单元在第2l×l block个符号至第(2l+1)l block-1个符号之间以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第(2q+1)l block个符号至第2(q+1)l block-1个符号之间以第二方向沿K个子载波映射；
    其中，所述第一方向与所述第二方向相反，所述k为满足0≤(2k+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数，所述p为满足0≤2(p+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数，所述l为满足0≤(2l+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数，所述q为满足0≤2(q+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数，所述l block为满足1≤l block≤L的整数，所述k block为满足1≤k block≤K的整数，所述L和所述K为大于1的整数。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    输出所述第一数据的初始值，所述第一数据的初始值是所述第一通信设备预定义的数据，或者，当所述第一数据映射到所述时频资源上进行传输时，传输所述第一数据的初始值。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，将所述第一数据映射到所述时频资源上进行传输，包括：
    将所述第一数据映射到所述时频资源上，并根据所述时频资源上的数据生成正交频分复用符号的数据；
    向第二通信设备发送所述正交频分复用符号的数据；
    或者，
    将所述第一数据映射到所述时频资源上，并且进行傅里叶变换得到对应的傅里叶变换的输出数据；
    根据所述傅里叶变换的输出数据生成单载波频分多址符号的数据；
    向第二通信设备发送所述单载波频分多址符号的数据。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据为采用Pi/2二进制相移键控Pi/2-BPSK调制方式生成的差分数据符号，相邻两个差分数据符号的相位差为π/2或-π/2。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，任意两个调制符号的相位差为π或0，所述差分数据符号是所述调制符号基于差分调制得到的。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述调制符号是待发送比特数据基于Pi/2-BPSK调制方式得到的，所述待发送比特数据与所述调制符号的关系满足：
    d(m)＝1-2b(m)
    其中，所述b(m)表示至少两个待发送比特数据中的第m个待发送比特数据，所述d(m)表示至少两个调制符号中的第m个调制符号；
    所述调制符号与所述差分数据符号的关系满足：
    Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-100001
    其中，所述x(m)表示所述至少两个差分数据符号中的第m个差分数据符号，所述x(m-1)表示所述至少两个差分数据符号中的第m-1个差分数据符号，所述d(m)表示至少两个调制符号中的第m个调制符号；
    或者，
    所述待发送比特数据与所述调制符号的关系满足：
    d(m)＝j[1-2b(m)]
    其中，所述b(m)表示至少两个待发送比特数据中的第m个待发送比特数据，所述d(m)表示至少两个调制符号中的第m个调制符号，所述j表示虚数符号；
    所述调制符号与所述差分数据符号的关系满足：
    x(m)＝x(m-1)*d(m)
    其中，所述x(m)表示所述至少两个差分数据符号中的第m个差分数据符号，所述x(m-1)表示所述至少两个差分数据符号中的第m-1个差分数据符号，所述d(m)表示至少两个调制符号中的第m个调制符号。
  9. 一种数据处理方法，其特征在于，应用于第二通信设备，所述方法包括：
    在时频资源上接收第一数据，所述第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号；
    基于映射关系对所述第一数据进行解调；
    所述映射关系包括：所述第一数据中相邻两个数据单元在时频资源上时域相邻或者频域相邻；
    所述数据单元为以下任意一种：差分数据符号、差分扩频数据符号、差分扩频数据符号块。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据单元为差分数据符号或差分扩 频数据符号，所述时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波，所述映射关系包括：
    所述第一数据按照数据单元在第2k个子载波以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第2p+1个子载波以第二方向沿L个符号映射；或者，
    所述第一数据按照数据单元在第2l个符号以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第2q+1个符号以第二方向沿K个子载波映射；
    其中，所述第一方向与所述第二方向相反，所述k为满足0≤2k≤K-1的整数，所述p为满足0≤2p+1≤K-1的整数，所述l为满足0≤2l≤L-1的整数，所述q为满足0≤2q+1≤L-1的整数，所述L和所述K为大于1的整数。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据单元为差分扩频数据符号块，所述差分扩频数据符号块包括l block×k block个差分扩频数据符号，所述时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波，所述映射关系包括：
    所述第一数据按照数据单元在第2k×k block个子载波至第(2k+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第(2p+1)k block个子载波至第2(p+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第二方向沿L个符号映射；或者，
    所述第一数据按照数据单元在第2l×l block个符号至第(2l+1)l block-1个符号之间以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第(2q+1)l block个符号至第2(q+1)l block-1个符号之间以第二方向沿K个子载波映射；
    其中，所述第一方向与所述第二方向相反，所述k为满足0≤(2k+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数，所述p为满足0≤2(p+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数，所述l为满足0≤(2l+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数，所述q为满足0≤2(q+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数，所述l block为满足1≤l block≤L的整数，所述k block为满足1≤k block≤K的整数，所述L和所述K为大于1的整数。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    获取所述第一数据的初始值，所述第一数据的初始值是所述第一通信设备预定义的数据，或者，当在时频资源上接收第一数据时，接收所述第一数据的初始值。
  13. 一种数据处理方法，其特征在于，包括：
    获取第一数据，所述第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号；
    基于所述第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，将所述第一数据映射到所述时频资源上进行传输；
    所述时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波，所述映射关系包括：
    所述第一数据按照数据单元在第2k个子载波以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第2p+1个子载波以第一方向沿L个符号映射；或者，
    所述第一数据按照数据单元在第2l个符号以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第2q+1个符号以第一方向沿K个子载波映射；
    其中，所述数据单元为差分数据符号或差分扩频数据符号，所述k为满足0≤2k≤K-1的整数，所述p为满足0≤2p+1≤K-1的整数，所述l为满足0≤2l≤L-1的整数，所述q为满足0≤2q+1≤L-1的整数，所述L和所述K为大于1的整数。
  14. 一种数据处理方法，其特征在于，包括：
    获取第一数据，所述第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号；
    基于所述第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，将所述第一数据映射到所述时频资源上进行传输；
    所述时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波，所述映射关系包括：
    所述第一数据按照数据单元在第2k×k block个子载波至第(2k+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第(2p+1)k block个子载波至第2(p+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第一方向沿L个符号映射；或者，
    所述第一数据按照数据单元在第2l×l block个符号至第(2l+1)l block-1个符号之间以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第(2q+1)l block个符号至第2(q+1)l block-1个符号之间以第一方向沿K个子载波映射；
    其中，所述数据单元为差分扩频数据符号块，所述差分扩频数据符号块包括l block×k block个差分扩频数据符号；所述k为满足0≤(2k+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数，所述p为满足0≤2(p+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数，所述l为满足0≤(2l+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数，所述q为满足0≤2(q+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数，所述l block为满足1≤l block≤L的整数，所述k block为满足1≤k block≤K的整数，所述L和所述K为大于1的整数。
  15. 一种数据处理方法，其特征在于，包括：
    获取第二数据，所述第二数据包括至少两个差分数据符号；
    所述第二数据为采用Pi/2二进制相移键控Pi/2-BPSK调制方式生成的差分数据符号，相邻两个差分数据符号的相位差为π/2或-π/2。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述差分数据符号是调制符号基于差分调制得到的，所述调制符号是待发送比特数据基于Pi/2-BPSK调制方式得到的；
    所述待发送比特数据与所述调制符号的关系满足：
    d(m)＝1-2b(m)
    其中，所述b(m)表示至少两个待发送比特数据中的第m个待发送比特数据，所述d(m)表示至少两个调制符号中的第m个调制符号；
    所述调制符号与所述差分数据符号的关系满足：
    Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-100002
    其中，所述x(m)表示所述至少两个差分数据符号中的第m个差分数据符号，所述x(m-1)表示所述至少两个差分数据符号中的第m-1个差分数据符号，所述d(m)表示至少两个调制符号中的第m个调制符号；
    或者，
    所述待发送比特数据与所述调制符号的关系满足：
    d(m)＝j[1-2b(m)]
    其中，所述b(m)表示至少两个待发送比特数据中的第m个待发送比特数据，所述d(m)表示至少两个调制符号中的第m个调制符号，所述j表示虚数符号；
    所述调制符号与所述差分数据符号的关系满足：
    x(m)＝x(m-1)*d(m)
    其中，所述x(m)表示所述至少两个差分数据符号中的第m个差分数据符号，所述x(m-1)表示所述至少两个差分数据符号中的第m-1个差分数据符号，所述d(m)表示至少两个调制符号中的第m个调制符号。
  17. 一种数据处理装置，其特征在于，包括：
    收发单元，用于获取第一数据，所述第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号；
    处理单元，用于基于所述第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，将所述第一数据映射到所述时频资源上进行传输；
    所述映射关系包括：所述第一数据中相邻两个数据单元在时频资源上时域相邻或者频域相邻；
    所述数据单元为以下任意一种：差分数据符号、差分扩频数据符号、差分扩频数据符号块。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的装置，其特征在于，所述数据单元为差分数据符号或差分扩频数据符号，所述时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波，所述映射关系包括：
    所述第一数据按照数据单元在第2k个子载波以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第2p+1个子载波以第二方向沿L个符号映射；或者，
    所述第一数据按照数据单元在第2l个符号以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第2q+1个符号以第二方向沿K个子载波映射；
    其中，所述第一方向与所述第二方向相反，所述k为满足0≤2k≤K-1的整数，所述p为满足0≤2p+1≤K-1的整数，所述l为满足0≤2l≤L-1的整数，所述q为满足0≤2q+1≤L-1的整数，所述L和所述K为大于1的整数。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的装置，其特征在于，所述数据单元为差分扩频数据符号块，所述差分扩频数据符号块包括l block×k block个差分扩频数据符号，所述时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波，所述映射关系包括：
    所述第一数据按照数据单元在第2k×k block个子载波至第(2k+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第(2p+1)k block个子载波至第2(p+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第二方向沿L个符号映射；或者，
    所述第一数据按照数据单元在第2l×l block个符号至第(2l+1)l block-1个符号之间以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第(2q+1)l block个符号至第2(q+1)l block-1个符号之间以第二方向沿K个子载波映射；
    其中，所述第一方向与所述第二方向相反，所述k为满足0≤(2k+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数，所述p为满足0≤2(p+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数，所述l为满足0≤(2l+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数，所述q为满足0≤2(q+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数，所述l block为满足1≤l block≤L的整数，所述k block为满足1≤k block≤K的整数，所述L和所述K为大于1的整数。
  20. 根据权利要求17所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元还用于：
    输出所述第一数据的初始值，所述第一数据的初始值是所述第一通信设备预定义的数据，或者，当所述第一数据映射到所述时频资源上进行传输时，传输所述第一数据的初始值。
  21. 根据权利要求17至20任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元还用于将所述第一数据映射到所述时频资源上，并根据所述时频资源上的数据生成正交频分复用符号的数据；
    所述收发单元还用于向第二通信设备发送所述正交频分复用符号的数据；
    或者，
    所述处理单元还用于将所述第一数据映射到所述时频资源上，并且进行傅里叶变换得到 对应的傅里叶变换的输出数据；根据所述傅里叶变换的输出数据生成单载波频分多址符号的数据；
    所述收发单元还用于向第二通信设备发送所述单载波频分多址符号的数据。
  22. 根据权利要求17所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一数据为采用Pi/2二进制相移键控Pi/2-BPSK调制方式生成的差分数据符号，相邻两个差分数据符号的相位差为π/2或-π/2。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，任意两个调制符号的相位差为π或0，所述差分数据符号是所述调制符号基于差分调制得到的。
  24. 根据权利要求22或23所述的装置，其特征在于，所述调制符号是待发送比特数据基于Pi/2-BPSK调制方式得到的，所述待发送比特数据与所述调制符号的关系满足：
    d(m)＝1-2b(m)
    其中，所述b(m)表示至少两个待发送比特数据中的第m个待发送比特数据，所述d(m)表示至少两个调制符号中的第m个调制符号；
    所述调制符号与所述差分数据符号的关系满足：
    Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-100003
    其中，所述x(m)表示所述至少两个差分数据符号中的第m个差分数据符号，所述x(m-1)表示所述至少两个差分数据符号中的第m-1个差分数据符号，所述d(m)表示至少两个调制符号中的第m个调制符号；
    或者，
    所述待发送比特数据与所述调制符号的关系满足：
    d(m)＝j[1-2b(m)]
    其中，所述b(m)表示至少两个待发送比特数据中的第m个待发送比特数据，所述d(m)表示至少两个调制符号中的第m个调制符号，所述j表示虚数符号；
    所述调制符号与所述差分数据符号的关系满足：
    x(m)＝x(m-1)*d(m)
    其中，所述x(m)表示所述至少两个差分数据符号中的第m个差分数据符号，所述x(m-1)表示所述至少两个差分数据符号中的第m-1个差分数据符号，所述d(m)表示至少两个调制符号中的第m个调制符号。
  25. 一种数据处理装置，其特征在于，包括：
    收发单元，用于在时频资源上接收第一数据，所述第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号；
    处理单元，用于基于映射关系对所述第一数据进行解调；
    所述映射关系包括：所述第一数据中相邻两个数据单元在时频资源上时域相邻或者频域相邻；
    所述数据单元为以下任意一种：差分数据符号、差分扩频数据符号、差分扩频数据符号块。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述数据单元为差分数据符号或差分扩频数据符号，所述时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波，所述映射关系包括：
    所述第一数据按照数据单元在第2k个子载波以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第2p+1个子载波以第二方向沿L个符号映射；或者，
    所述第一数据按照数据单元在第2l个符号以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第2q+1个 符号以第二方向沿K个子载波映射；
    其中，所述第一方向与所述第二方向相反，所述k为满足0≤2k≤K-1的整数，所述p为满足0≤2p+1≤K-1的整数，所述l为满足0≤2l≤L-1的整数，所述q为满足0≤2q+1≤L-1的整数，所述L和所述K为大于1的整数。
  27. 根据权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述数据单元为差分扩频数据符号块，所述差分扩频数据符号块包括l block×k block个差分扩频数据符号，所述时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波，所述映射关系包括：
    所述第一数据按照数据单元在第2k×k block个子载波至第(2k+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第(2p+1)k block个子载波至第2(p+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第二方向沿L个符号映射；或者，
    所述第一数据按照数据单元在第2l×l block个符号至第(2l+1)l block-1个符号之间以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第(2q+1)l block个符号至第2(q+1)l block-1个符号之间以第二方向沿K个子载波映射；
    其中，所述第一方向与所述第二方向相反，所述k为满足0≤(2k+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数，所述p为满足0≤2(p+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数，所述l为满足0≤(2l+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数，所述q为满足0≤2(q+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数，所述l block为满足1≤l block≤L的整数，所述k block为满足1≤k block≤K的整数，所述L和所述K为大于1的整数。
  28. 根据权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元还用于：
    获取所述第一数据的初始值，所述第一数据的初始值是所述第一通信设备预定义的数据，或者，当在时频资源上接收第一数据时，接收所述第一数据的初始值。
  29. 一种数据处理装置，其特征在于，包括：
    收发单元，用于获取第一数据，所述第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号；
    处理单元，用于基于所述第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，将所述第一数据映射到所述时频资源上进行传输；
    所述时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波，所述映射关系包括：
    所述第一数据按照数据单元在第2k个子载波以第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第2p+1个子载波以第一方向沿L个符号映射；或者，
    所述第一数据按照数据单元在第2l个符号以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第2q+1个符号以第一方向沿K个子载波映射；
    其中，所述数据单元为差分数据符号或差分扩频数据符号，所述k为满足0≤2k≤K-1的整数，所述p为满足0≤2p+1≤K-1的整数，所述l为满足0≤2l≤L-1的整数，所述q为满足0≤2q+1≤L-1的整数，所述L和所述K为大于1的整数。
  30. 一种数据处理装置，其特征在于，包括：
    收发单元，用于获取第一数据，所述第一数据包括至少两个差分数据符号，或者至少两个差分扩频数据符号；
    处理单元，用于基于所述第一数据映射到时频资源上的映射关系，将所述第一数据映射到所述时频资源上进行传输；
    所述时频资源包括L个符号和K个子载波，所述映射关系包括：
    所述第一数据按照数据单元在第2k×k block个子载波至第(2k+1)k block-1个子载波之间以 第一方向沿L个符号映射，且在第(2p+1)k block个子载波至第2(p+1)k block-1个子载波之间以第一方向沿L个符号映射；或者，
    所述第一数据按照数据单元在第2l×l block个符号至第(2l+1)l block-1个符号之间以第一方向沿K个子载波映射，且在第(2q+1)l block个符号至第2(q+1)l block-1个符号之间以第一方向沿K个子载波映射；
    其中，所述数据单元为差分扩频数据符号块，所述差分扩频数据符号块包括l block×k block个差分扩频数据符号；所述k为满足0≤(2k+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数，所述p为满足0≤2(p+1)k block-1≤K-1的整数，所述l为满足0≤(2l+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数，所述q为满足0≤2(q+1)l block-1≤L-1的整数，所述l block为满足1≤l block≤L的整数，所述k block为满足1≤k block≤K的整数，所述L和所述K为大于1的整数。
  31. 一种数据处理装置，其特征在于，包括：
    收发单元，用于获取第二数据，所述第二数据包括至少两个差分数据符号；
    所述第二数据为采用Pi/2二进制相移键控Pi/2-BPSK调制方式生成的差分数据符号，相邻两个差分数据符号的相位差为π/2或-π/2。
  32. 根据权利要求31所述的装置，其特征在于，所述差分数据符号是调制符号基于差分调制得到的，所述调制符号是待发送比特数据基于Pi/2-BPSK调制方式得到的；
    所述待发送比特数据与所述调制符号的关系满足：
    d(m)＝1-2b(m)
    其中，所述b(m)表示至少两个待发送比特数据中的第m个待发送比特数据，所述d(m)表示至少两个调制符号中的第m个调制符号；
    所述调制符号与所述差分数据符号的关系满足：
    Figure PCTCN2022141707-appb-100004
    其中，所述x(m)表示所述至少两个差分数据符号中的第m个差分数据符号，所述x(m-1)表示所述至少两个差分数据符号中的第m-1个差分数据符号，所述d(m)表示至少两个调制符号中的第m个调制符号；
    或者，
    所述待发送比特数据与所述调制符号的关系满足：
    d(m)＝j[1-2b(m)]
    其中，所述b(m)表示至少两个待发送比特数据中的第m个待发送比特数据，所述d(m)表示至少两个调制符号中的第m个调制符号，所述j表示虚数符号；
    所述调制符号与所述差分数据符号的关系满足：
    x(m)＝x(m-1)*d(m)
    其中，所述x(m)表示所述至少两个差分数据符号中的第m个差分数据符号，所述x(m-1)表示所述至少两个差分数据符号中的第m-1个差分数据符号，所述d(m)表示至少两个调制符号中的第m个调制符号。
  33. 一种通信设备，其特征在于，包括：存储器和处理器；
    所述存储器，用于存储指令；
    所述处理器，用于执行所述指令，使得如权利要求1至8，或9至12，或13至16中任一项所述的方法被执行。
  34. 一种通信***，其特征在于，包括：
    第一通信设备，用于执行如权利要求1至8或13至16中任一项所述的方法；
    第二通信设备，用于执行如权利要求9至12中任一项所述的方法。
  35. 一种芯片，其特征在于，包括处理器和接口；
    所述处理器用于读取指令以执行权利要求1至8，或9至12，或13至16中任一项所述的方法。
  36. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置由输入输出接口和逻辑电路组成，所述输入输出接口用于输入或输出数据；所述逻辑电路按照如权利要求1至8或13至16中任一项所述的方法对数据进行处理，获取处理后的数据。
  37. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置由输入输出接口和逻辑电路组成，所述输入输出接口用于输入或输出数据；所述逻辑电路按照如权利要求9至12中任一项所述的方法对数据进行处理，获取处理后的数据。
  38. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括程序或指令，当所述程序或指令在计算机上运行时，如权利要求1至8，或9至12，或13至16中任一项所述的方法被执行。
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