WO2023141747A1 - Method and device for reducing gas temperature of internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Method and device for reducing gas temperature of internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023141747A1
WO2023141747A1 PCT/CN2022/073669 CN2022073669W WO2023141747A1 WO 2023141747 A1 WO2023141747 A1 WO 2023141747A1 CN 2022073669 W CN2022073669 W CN 2022073669W WO 2023141747 A1 WO2023141747 A1 WO 2023141747A1
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intake
gas
intake pipe
cylinder
internal combustion
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PCT/CN2022/073669
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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谢国华
谢晓宇
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谢国华
谢晓宇
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/073669 priority Critical patent/WO2023141747A1/en
Priority to CN202280000066.3A priority patent/CN114651119A/en
Publication of WO2023141747A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023141747A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B47/00—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines
    • F02B47/04—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being other than water or steam only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture

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  • This description relates to the field of internal combustion engines, in particular to a method and device for reducing the gas temperature of an internal combustion engine.
  • the air intake auxiliary control valve is an execution part in the air intake system, which is used to control the entry and exit of various gases and fuels in the air intake system, for example, to control the first gas, etc.
  • the auxiliary air intake control valve please refer to the relevant content in FIG. 4 , and details will not be repeated here.
  • the injection parameters of the high evaporation enthalpy liquid can be determined experimentally, taking into account the high load power, thermal efficiency, and exhaust pollutant level of the internal combustion engine.
  • the third intake pipe and the first intake pipe may be the same intake pipe.
  • the third intake pipe and the first intake pipe in Fig. 4 are both intake pipes 421, and the right end of the intake pipe 421 can be bifurcated to form two pipes, which are connected to the axes of the intake auxiliary control valve 431 and the intake auxiliary control valve 433 respectively. They are connected to the openings, and the side valve ports of the intake auxiliary control valve 431 and the intake auxiliary control valve 433 are connected with the intake passage 440 .
  • the intake pipe 421 also serves as the third intake pipe, which simplifies the connection structure between the intake pipe 420 (including the intake pipe 421 and the intake pipe 422 ), the auxiliary intake control valve 430 and the intake passage 440 , and reduces the manufacturing cost.
  • the intake port (for example, intake port 440 ) may be connected to the second intake pipe (for example, intake pipe 422 ) to the cylinder (for example, cylinder 493 ) to deliver internal combustion engine fuel.
  • the intake auxiliary control valve 500 may at least include an inner rotor 501 , an outer rotor 502 fitted on the inner rotor 501 , and a valve body 503 located outside the outer rotor 502 .
  • FIG. 5B, 5C, and 5D are schematic diagrams of sections M1-M1, M5-M5, and M6-M6 in FIG. 5A, respectively, showing states of different intake auxiliary control valves at the same time.
  • the opening and closing states of the side valve port of the air intake auxiliary control valve can be various, wherein, the side valve port in Figure 5B is in the closed state, and the side valve ports in Figure 5C and Figure 5D are in the closed state. On state.
  • the opening and closing states of the side valve ports of the intake auxiliary control valves corresponding to different cylinders may be different, and the opening and closing states of the side valve ports of the intake auxiliary control valves connected to the same cylinder may be consistent.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiments of the present description provide a method and a device for reducing the gas temperature of an internal combustion engine. The method comprises: conveying a first gas into an air cylinder within a first gas intake duration, wherein the first gas is an oxidizing agent; conveying a second gas into the air cylinder within a second gas intake duration, wherein the second gas is a mixture of an oxidizing agent and a high-evaporation-enthalpy liquid; and conveying a third gas into the air cylinder within a third gas intake duration, wherein at least part of the third gas is the first gas.

Description

一种内燃机的气体温度降低方法和装置A method and device for reducing gas temperature of an internal combustion engine 技术领域technical field
本说明书涉及内燃机领域，特别涉及一种内燃机的气体温度降低方法和装置。This description relates to the field of internal combustion engines, in particular to a method and device for reducing the gas temperature of an internal combustion engine.
背景技术Background technique
进气***喷射燃料的内燃机(例如，汽油机)在高负荷下具有爆震燃烧倾向，增压中冷内燃机(例如，增压中冷汽油机)的爆震倾向将进一步增加。同时，随着人们的环保意识的增强，对于交通工具等的排放的要求越来越高。其中，氮氧化物是内燃机主要污染排放物之一，而氮氧化物是在内燃机中局部高温富氧所产生的。An internal combustion engine (for example, a gasoline engine) that injects fuel into the intake system has a tendency to knock combustion under high load, and a supercharged and intercooled internal combustion engine (for example, a supercharged and intercooled gasoline engine) will further increase the tendency to knock. At the same time, with the enhancement of people's awareness of environmental protection, the requirements for the emission of vehicles and the like are getting higher and higher. Among them, nitrogen oxides are one of the main pollutant emissions of internal combustion engines, and nitrogen oxides are produced by local high-temperature oxygen enrichment in internal combustion engines.
降低内燃机燃烧时可燃混合气的温度，是理想的降低或消除进气***喷射内燃机高负荷爆震燃烧倾向的方法，同时相应降低了缸内最高燃烧温度，从而可以同时减少内燃机氮氧化物和碳烟的生成量，降低使用内燃机的交通工具等的排放。Reducing the temperature of the combustible mixture when the internal combustion engine is burning is an ideal method to reduce or eliminate the high-load knocking combustion tendency of the intake system injection internal combustion engine, and at the same time reduce the maximum combustion temperature in the cylinder accordingly, so that the nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide of the internal combustion engine can be reduced at the same time Reduce the amount of smoke generated and reduce emissions from vehicles using internal combustion engines.
向内燃机进气***喷射液态水或高蒸发焓液态燃料(例如，甲醇、乙醇)，可以降低内燃机可燃混合气燃烧时的温度，从而降低或消除进气***喷射内燃机高负荷爆震倾向，并降低氮氧化物的生成量。但是，向内燃机进气***喷射液态水或高蒸发焓液态燃料，均存在水或高蒸发焓液态燃料通过气缸内的燃烧室表面、气缸套内表面以及气门杆等流入油底壳的可能性，从而会降低内燃机油的润滑能力、降低内燃机的工作寿命。Injecting liquid water or liquid fuel with high vaporization enthalpy (for example, methanol, ethanol) into the intake system of the internal combustion engine can reduce the temperature of the combustible mixture of the internal combustion engine during combustion, thereby reducing or eliminating the high-load knocking tendency of the internal combustion engine injected into the intake system, and reducing The production of nitrogen oxides. However, when liquid water or liquid fuel with high vaporization enthalpy is injected into the intake system of the internal combustion engine, there is a possibility that water or liquid fuel with high vaporization enthalpy will flow into the oil pan through the surface of the combustion chamber in the cylinder, the inner surface of the cylinder liner, and the valve stem. This will reduce the lubricating ability of the internal combustion engine oil and reduce the working life of the internal combustion engine.
因此，希望提供一种内燃机的气体温度降低方法和装置。Therefore, it is desirable to provide a gas temperature reduction method and device for an internal combustion engine.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本说明书实施例之一提供一种内燃机的气体温度降低方法。所述方法包括：在第一进气持续期内向气缸内输送第一气体，第一气体是氧化剂；在第二进 气持续期内向气缸内输送第二气体，第二气体是氧化剂和高蒸发焓液体的混合物；在第三进气持续期内向气缸内输送第三气体，第三气体至少部分为第一气体。One of the embodiments of this specification provides a method for reducing the gas temperature of an internal combustion engine. The method includes: delivering a first gas into the cylinder during a first intake duration, the first gas being an oxidant; delivering a second gas into the cylinder during a second intake duration, the second gas being an oxidizer and a high vaporization enthalpy A mixture of liquids; delivering a third gas into the cylinder during the third intake duration, the third gas being at least partially the first gas.
在一些实施例中，在第一进气持续期内向气缸内输送第一气体包括：设置进气辅助控制阀为第一状态，第一状态使得第一进气管与气缸的进气道接通；通过第一进气管向气缸内输送第一气体。In some embodiments, delivering the first gas into the cylinder during the first intake duration includes: setting the intake auxiliary control valve to a first state, the first state makes the first intake pipe connected to the intake port of the cylinder; The first gas is delivered into the cylinder through the first intake pipe.
在一些实施例中，在第二进气持续期内向气缸内输送第二气体包括：设置进气辅助控制阀为第二状态，第二状态使得第二进气管与气缸的进气道接通；基于喷射参数通过第二进气管向气缸内输送第二气体。In some embodiments, delivering the second gas into the cylinder during the second intake duration includes: setting the intake auxiliary control valve to a second state, the second state makes the second intake pipe connected to the intake port of the cylinder; The second gas is delivered into the cylinder through the second intake pipe based on the injection parameters.
在一些实施例中，喷射参数基于内燃机的工作参数确定，喷射参数包括喷射量、喷射时间、喷射后的直径、喷射位置、喷射方向中的至少一个。In some embodiments, the injection parameters are determined based on the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, and the injection parameters include at least one of injection quantity, injection time, diameter after injection, injection position, and injection direction.
在一些实施例中，基于喷射参数通过第二进气管向气缸内输送第二气体包括：基于喷射参数通过至少一个高蒸发焓液体喷射装置将高蒸发焓液体喷入第二进气管，高蒸发焓液体包括液态水和高蒸发焓液态燃料中的其中至少一种，高蒸发焓液体喷射装置包括超细喷射装置、中压喷射装置和传统低压喷射装置中的至少一种。In some embodiments, delivering the second gas into the cylinder through the second intake pipe based on the injection parameters includes: injecting a high vaporization enthalpy liquid into the second intake pipe through at least one high vaporization enthalpy liquid injection device based on the injection parameters, the high vaporization enthalpy The liquid includes at least one of liquid water and high vaporization enthalpy liquid fuel, and the high vaporization enthalpy liquid injection device includes at least one of ultra-fine injection device, medium pressure injection device and traditional low pressure injection device.
在一些实施例中，基于喷射参数向气缸内输送第二气体还包括：基于内燃机的工作状态在输送过程中动态调节喷射参数。In some embodiments, delivering the second gas into the cylinder based on the injection parameters further includes: dynamically adjusting the injection parameters during delivery based on the operating state of the internal combustion engine.
在一些实施例中，在第二进气持续期内向气缸内输送第二气体包括：在第二进气持续期内向气缸内输送内燃机燃料。In some embodiments, delivering the second gas into the cylinder during the second intake duration includes: delivering the internal combustion engine fuel into the cylinder during the second intake duration.
在一些实施例中，内燃机燃料通过内燃机的燃料喷射装置喷入第二进气管，第二进气管的内燃机燃料当量比大于1。In some embodiments, the fuel of the internal combustion engine is injected into the second intake pipe through the fuel injection device of the internal combustion engine, and the fuel equivalence ratio of the second intake pipe is greater than 1.
在一些实施例中，在第三进气持续期内向气缸内输送第三气体包括：设置进气辅助控制阀为第三状态，第三状态使得第三进气管与气缸的进气道接通；通过第三进气管向气缸内输送第三气体。In some embodiments, delivering the third gas into the cylinder during the third intake duration includes: setting the intake auxiliary control valve to a third state, the third state makes the third intake pipe connected to the intake port of the cylinder; The third gas is delivered into the cylinder through the third intake pipe.
在一些实施例中，第三进气管与第一进气管为同一个进气管。In some embodiments, the third intake pipe is the same intake pipe as the first intake pipe.
在一些实施例中，当第三进气管与第一进气管为同一个进气管时，所述两 根进气管分别是氧含量低于或等于空气的低氧含量进气管和氧含量高于低氧含量进气管的高氧含量进气管；高氧含量进气管和低氧含量进气管分别与所述气缸之间设有流量分层装置，所述流量分层装置使进入气缸的高氧含量气体、低氧含量气体在其气缸内实现轴向分层；所述燃料喷射器把燃料喷射到气缸外的低氧含量气体中。In some embodiments, when the third intake pipe and the first intake pipe are the same intake pipe, the two intake pipes are respectively a low oxygen content intake pipe with an oxygen content lower than or equal to air and a low oxygen content intake pipe with an oxygen content higher than that of air. The high oxygen content intake pipe of the oxygen content intake pipe; the high oxygen content intake pipe and the low oxygen content intake pipe are respectively provided with a flow stratification device between the cylinder, and the flow stratification device makes the high oxygen content gas entering the cylinder 1. The gas with low oxygen content realizes axial stratification in the cylinder; the fuel injector injects fuel into the gas with low oxygen content outside the cylinder.
本说明书实施例之一提供一种内燃机的气体温度降低***，包括第一进气模块、第二进气模块和第三进气模块：第一进气模块用于在第一进气持续期内向气缸内输送第一气体，第一气体是氧化剂；第二进气模块用于在第二进气持续期内向气缸内输送第二气体，第二气体是氧化剂和高蒸发焓液体的混合物；第三进气模块用于在第三进气持续期内向气缸内输送第三气体，第三气体至少部分为第一气体。One of the embodiments of this specification provides a gas temperature reduction system for an internal combustion engine, including a first air intake module, a second air intake module, and a third air intake module: the first air intake module is used to The first gas is delivered to the cylinder, and the first gas is an oxidant; the second intake module is used to deliver the second gas to the cylinder during the second intake duration, and the second gas is a mixture of an oxidant and a liquid with a high evaporation enthalpy; the third The air intake module is used for delivering a third gas into the cylinder during the third intake duration, and the third gas is at least partially the first gas.
本说明书实施例之一提供一种内燃机的气体温度降低装置，包括至少一个气缸的进气道和高蒸发焓液体喷射装置，高蒸发焓液体喷射装置用于喷射高蒸发焓液体；进气道的出口与内燃机进气阀相连，在第一进气持续期内使进气道与第一进气管接通，向气缸内输送第一气体，第一气体是氧化剂；在第二进气持续期内使进气道与第二进气管接通，向气缸内输送第二气体，第二气体是氧化剂和高蒸发焓液体的混合物；在第三进气持续期内使进气道与第三进气管接通，向气缸内输送第三气体，第三气体至少部分为第一气体。One of the embodiments of this specification provides a gas temperature reduction device for an internal combustion engine, comprising an intake port of at least one cylinder and a high evaporation enthalpy liquid injection device, the high evaporation enthalpy liquid injection device is used to inject high evaporation enthalpy liquid; the intake port The outlet is connected to the intake valve of the internal combustion engine, and the intake port is connected to the first intake pipe during the first intake period, and the first gas is delivered to the cylinder, and the first gas is an oxidant; during the second intake period Connect the intake port with the second intake pipe to deliver the second gas into the cylinder, the second gas is a mixture of oxidant and high evaporation enthalpy liquid; connect the intake port with the third intake pipe during the third intake duration When it is turned on, the third gas is delivered to the cylinder, and the third gas is at least partially the first gas.
在一些实施例中，进气道与第一进气管、第二进气管和第三进气管之间通过进气辅助控制阀连通，进气辅助控制阀的启闭定时与气缸进气门配气定时的相位相对应，进气辅助控制阀至少包括第一状态、第二状态和第三状态，其特征在于：第一状态使得第一进气管与气缸的进气道接通；第二状态使得第二进气管与气缸的进气道接通；第三状态使得第三进气管与气缸的进气道接通。In some embodiments, the intake port communicates with the first intake pipe, the second intake pipe, and the third intake pipe through an intake assist control valve, and the opening and closing timing of the intake assist control valve is related to the gas distribution of the cylinder intake valve. The timing phase corresponds, and the air intake auxiliary control valve includes at least a first state, a second state and a third state, and is characterized in that: the first state makes the first intake pipe connect with the intake port of the cylinder; the second state makes The second intake pipe is connected with the intake port of the cylinder; the third state makes the third intake pipe connected with the intake port of the cylinder.
在一些实施例中，在第一进气持续期内设置进气辅助控制阀为第一状态；在第二进气持续期内设置进气辅助控制阀为第二状态；在第三进气持续期内设置进气辅助控制阀为第三状态。In some embodiments, the intake assist control valve is set to the first state during the first intake duration; the intake assist control valve is set to the second state during the second intake duration; and the intake assist control valve is set to the second state during the third intake duration During this period, the intake auxiliary control valve is set to the third state.
在一些实施例中，进气辅助控制阀包括内转子、套装在内转子上的外转子和位于外转子外的阀体；内转子中空且一端封闭，另一端为开口端；内转子、外转子和阀体的侧面分别开设有相对应的至少一组阀口；内转子的封闭端经转轴连接从动外齿轮，外转子的相应端部设有从动内齿轮，内燃机正时齿轮连接有传动轴，安装在传动轴端部的主动齿轮分别与从动外齿轮和从动内齿轮相啮合。In some embodiments, the air intake auxiliary control valve includes an inner rotor, an outer rotor fitted on the inner rotor, and a valve body located outside the outer rotor; the inner rotor is hollow and one end is closed, and the other end is an open end; the inner rotor, the outer rotor There are at least one group of valve ports corresponding to the side of the valve body; the closed end of the inner rotor is connected to the driven external gear through the rotating shaft, the corresponding end of the outer rotor is provided with a driven internal gear, and the timing gear of the internal combustion engine is connected with a transmission shaft, the driving gear installed at the end of the transmission shaft meshes with the driven external gear and the driven internal gear respectively.
在一些实施例中，进气辅助控制阀数量为多个；多个进气辅助控制阀的内转子开口端分别连接第一进气管、第二进气管和第三进气管；进气辅助控制阀阀体侧面的阀口数量基于进气道的数量确定；进气辅助控制阀阀体侧面的阀口分别连接进气道。In some embodiments, there are multiple intake auxiliary control valves; the open ends of the inner rotors of the plurality of intake auxiliary control valves are respectively connected to the first intake pipe, the second intake pipe and the third intake pipe; the intake auxiliary control valve The number of valve ports on the side of the valve body is determined based on the number of intake passages; the valve ports on the side of the valve body of the intake auxiliary control valve are respectively connected to the intake passages.
在一些实施例中，进气辅助控制阀的内转子开口端连接进气道；进气辅助控制阀阀体侧面的阀口分别连接第一进气管、第二进气管和第三进气管；进气辅助控制阀阀体侧面的阀口数量基于第一进气管、第二进气管和第三进气管的出口数量之和确定。In some embodiments, the open end of the inner rotor of the air intake auxiliary control valve is connected to the intake passage; the valve ports on the side of the air intake auxiliary control valve valve body are respectively connected to the first intake pipe, the second intake pipe and the third intake pipe; The number of valve ports on the side of the valve body of the air-assisted control valve is determined based on the sum of the outlet numbers of the first intake pipe, the second intake pipe and the third intake pipe.
在一些实施例中，进气道的数量基于内燃机进气阀的数量确定；第一进气管进口与空气中冷器的第一出口相连，第二进气管进口与空气中冷器的第二出口相连，第三进气管进口与空气中冷器的第三出口相连。In some embodiments, the number of intake ports is determined based on the number of intake valves of the internal combustion engine; the inlet of the first intake pipe is connected with the first outlet of the air intercooler, and the inlet of the second intake pipe is connected with the second outlet of the air intercooler The inlet of the third intake pipe is connected with the third outlet of the air intercooler.
在一些实施例中，在第二进气持续期内使进气道与第二进气管接通，向气缸内输送第二气体包括：基于喷射参数通过至少一个高蒸发焓液体喷射装置将高蒸发焓液体喷入第二进气管。In some embodiments, connecting the intake port to the second intake pipe during the second intake duration, delivering the second gas into the cylinder includes: injecting the high vaporization enthalpy liquid injection device into the cylinder based on the injection parameters. The enthalpy liquid is injected into the second intake pipe.
本说明书实施例之一提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储介质存储计算机指令，当计算机读取存储介质中的计算机指令后，计算机执行所述内燃机的气体温度降低方法。One of the embodiments of this specification provides a computer-readable storage medium. The storage medium stores computer instructions. After the computer reads the computer instructions in the storage medium, the computer executes the method for reducing the gas temperature of an internal combustion engine.
附图说明Description of drawings
本说明书将以示例性实施例的方式进一步说明，这些示例性实施例将通过附图进行详细描述。这些实施例并非限制性的，在这些实施例中，相同的编号 表示相同的结构，其中：This specification will be further illustrated by way of exemplary embodiments, which will be described in detail with the accompanying drawings. These examples are non-limiting, and in these examples, the same number indicates the same structure, wherein:
图1是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的内燃机的气体温度降低***的示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gas temperature reduction system for an internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of the present specification;
图2是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的内燃机的气体温度降低方法的示例性流程图；Fig. 2 is an exemplary flowchart of a method for reducing gas temperature of an internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of the present specification;
图3是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的内燃机的气体温度降低装置的示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a gas temperature reducing device for an internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of the present specification;
图4是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的内燃机的气体温度降低装置的示意图；Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a gas temperature reducing device for an internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of the present specification;
图5A、5B、5C、5D、5E是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的进气辅助控制阀的结构示意图；5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, and 5E are structural schematic diagrams of intake auxiliary control valves according to some embodiments of this specification;
图6是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的单缸进气阶段角面值及辅助控制阀口持续期示意图；Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the face value of the intake phase angle of a single cylinder and the duration of the auxiliary control valve port according to some embodiments of the present specification;
图7是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的内燃机的气体温度降低装置的示意图；Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a gas temperature reducing device for an internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of the present specification;
图8是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的内燃机的气体温度降低装置的示意图；Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a gas temperature reducing device for an internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of the present specification;
图9是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的高蒸发焓液体和燃料混合并喷入第二进气管的示意图。Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the high vaporization enthalpy liquid mixed with fuel and injected into the second intake pipe according to some embodiments of the present specification.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了更清楚地说明本说明书实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单的介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本说明书的一些示例或实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图将本说明书应用于其它类似情景。除非从语言环境中显而易见或另做说明，图中相同标号代表相同结构或操作。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present specification, the following briefly introduces the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments. Apparently, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some examples or embodiments of this specification, and those skilled in the art can also apply this specification to other similar scenarios. Unless otherwise apparent from context or otherwise indicated, like reference numerals in the figures represent like structures or operations.
应当理解，本文使用的“***”、“装置”、“单元”和/或“模块”是用于区分不同级别的不同组件、元件、部件、部分或装配的一种方法。然而，如果其他词语可实现相同的目的，则可通过其他表达来替换所述词语。It should be understood that "system", "device", "unit" and/or "module" as used herein is a method for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, parts or assemblies of different levels. However, the words may be replaced by other expressions if other words can achieve the same purpose.
如本说明书和权利要求书中所示，除非上下文明确提示例外情形，“一”、“一个”、“一种”和/或“该”等词并非特指单数，也可包括复数。一般说来，术语“包括”与“包含”仅提示包括已明确标识的步骤和元素，而这些步骤和元素不构成一个排它性的罗列，方法或者设备也可能包含其它的步骤或元素。As indicated in the specification and claims, the terms "a", "an", "an" and/or "the" are not specific to the singular and may include the plural unless the context clearly indicates an exception. Generally speaking, the terms "comprising" and "comprising" only suggest the inclusion of clearly identified steps and elements, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or device may also contain other steps or elements.
本说明书中使用了流程图用来说明根据本说明书的实施例的***所执行的操作。应当理解的是，前面或后面操作不一定按照顺序来精确地执行。相反，可以按照倒序或同时处理各个步骤。同时，也可以将其他操作添加到这些过程中，或从这些过程移除某一步或数步操作。The flowchart is used in this specification to illustrate the operations performed by the system according to the embodiment of this specification. It should be understood that the preceding or following operations are not necessarily performed in the exact order. Instead, various steps may be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. At the same time, other operations can be added to these procedures, or a certain step or steps can be removed from these procedures.
图1是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的内燃机的气体温度降低***的示意图。如图1所示，***100可以包括第一进气模块110、第二进气模块120和第三进气模块130。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gas temperature reduction system for an internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of the present specification. As shown in FIG. 1 , the system 100 may include a first air intake module 110 , a second air intake module 120 and a third air intake module 130 .
在一些实施例中，第一进气模块110可以用于在第一进气持续期内向气缸内输送第一气体，其中，第一气体可以是氧化剂。In some embodiments, the first intake module 110 may be used to deliver the first gas into the cylinder during the first intake duration, wherein the first gas may be an oxidant.
在一些实施例中，第二进气模块120可以用于在第二进气持续期内向气缸内输送第二气体，其中，第二气体可以是氧化剂和高蒸发焓液体的混合物。In some embodiments, the second air intake module 120 may be used to deliver the second gas into the cylinder during the second air intake duration, wherein the second gas may be a mixture of an oxidant and a liquid with a high evaporation enthalpy.
在一些实施例中，第三进气模块130可以用于在第三进气持续期内向气缸内输送第三气体，其中，第三气体可以至少部分为第一气体。In some embodiments, the third intake module 130 may be used to deliver a third gas into the cylinder during the third intake duration, wherein the third gas may be at least partially the first gas.
在一些实施例中，第一进气模块110和第三进气模块130可以为同一进气模块，例如，第一进气模块110为第一进气管，第三进气模块130为第三进气管，第一进气管与第三进气管相同。在一些实施例中，第二进气模块120可以是与第一进气模块110和第三进气模块130不同的进气模块，例如，第二进气模块120是第二进气管，其与第一进气管和第三进气管不相同。In some embodiments, the first air intake module 110 and the third air intake module 130 can be the same air intake module, for example, the first air intake module 110 is a first air intake pipe, and the third air intake module 130 is a third air intake pipe. Trachea, the first intake pipe is the same as the third intake pipe. In some embodiments, the second air intake module 120 may be an air intake module different from the first air intake module 110 and the third air intake module 130, for example, the second air intake module 120 is a second air intake pipe, which is different from the first air intake module 110 and the third air intake module 130 The first intake pipe and the third intake pipe are different.
图2是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的内燃机的气体温度降低方法的示 例性流程图。如图2所示，流程200包括下述步骤。在一些实施例中，流程200可以由***100执行。Fig. 2 is an exemplary flowchart of a method for reducing gas temperature of an internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of the present specification. As shown in FIG. 2 , the process 200 includes the following steps. In some embodiments, the process 200 may be performed by the system 100 .
步骤210，在第一进气持续期内向气缸内输送第一气体，第一气体可以是氧化剂。在一些实施例中，步骤210可以由第一进气模块110执行。 Step 210, deliver the first gas into the cylinder during the first intake duration, the first gas may be an oxidant. In some embodiments, step 210 may be performed by the first air intake module 110 .
进气持续期是指内燃机气缸进气门的进气过程。例如，进气门打开，活塞在气缸中由上止点向下移动至下止点，气缸内部空位增加而产生气压差，使得第一气体或第二气体或第三气体从进气管进入气缸，进气门关闭则进气过程结束。在一些实施例中，可以将气缸完整的进气过程按其开始的先后顺序划分为多个进气持续期，例如，两个进气持续期、三个进气持续期等。The intake duration refers to the intake process of the intake valve of the internal combustion engine cylinder. For example, the intake valve is opened, the piston moves down from the top dead center to the bottom dead center in the cylinder, and the internal space of the cylinder increases to generate a pressure difference, so that the first gas or the second gas or the third gas enters the cylinder from the intake pipe, The intake valve is closed and the intake process ends. In some embodiments, the complete intake process of the cylinders can be divided into multiple intake durations according to the start sequence, for example, two intake durations, three intake durations and so on.
在一些实施例中，可以将一个完整的气缸进气门的进气过程按照开始的时间顺序分为第一进气持续期、第二进气持续期和第三进气持续期，其中，这三个进气持续期之间可以有时间重叠。In some embodiments, the intake process of a complete cylinder intake valve can be divided into the first intake duration period, the second intake duration period and the third intake duration period according to the start time sequence, wherein, this There may be time overlap between the three intake durations.
第一气体是指第一进气持续期内输送进入气缸的气体，第一气体是起氧化作用的气体，例如，含有氧气的空气等气体。The first gas refers to the gas delivered into the cylinder during the first intake duration, and the first gas is an oxidizing gas, such as air containing oxygen.
氧化剂是在氧化还原反应中，获得电子的物质。氧化剂具有氧化性，得到电子化合价降低，发生还原反应，得到还原产物。氧化剂主要起氧化作用，可以是空气、空气混合气等。在一些实施例中，第一气体可以是氧化剂，例如，空气、空气和氧气的混合物、空气和内燃机燃烧废气的混合物等。An oxidizing agent is a substance that gains electrons in a redox reaction. The oxidizing agent is oxidizing, and the valence of electrons is reduced, and a reduction reaction occurs to obtain a reduced product. The oxidant mainly plays an oxidation role, and can be air, air mixture, etc. In some embodiments, the first gas may be an oxidizing agent, eg, air, a mixture of air and oxygen, a mixture of air and combustion engine exhaust, and the like.
在一些实施例中，可以在第一进气持续期内通过各种方式向气缸内输送第一气体，例如，通过进气辅助控制阀的开启等。In some embodiments, the first gas can be delivered to the cylinder in various ways during the first intake duration, for example, by opening the intake auxiliary control valve and so on.
进气辅助控制阀是进气***中的执行部分，用于控制进气***中各种气体以及燃料等的进出，例如，控制第一气体等。在一些实施例中，进气***中的进气辅助控制阀可以是多个，其中，可以通过至少一个进气辅助控制阀来实现一个或多个进气持续期。关于进气辅助控制阀的更多细节可以参见图4相关内容，在此不再赘述。The air intake auxiliary control valve is an execution part in the air intake system, which is used to control the entry and exit of various gases and fuels in the air intake system, for example, to control the first gas, etc. In some embodiments, there may be multiple intake assist control valves in the intake system, wherein at least one intake assist control valve may be used to implement one or more intake durations. For more details about the auxiliary air intake control valve, please refer to the relevant content in FIG. 4 , and details will not be repeated here.
进气辅助控制阀根据其数量、结构、安装方式、运行阶段等的不同，可以 分为多个状态，每个状态可以对应进气过程不同的运行阶段，例如，三个状态分别对应三个进气持续期。在一些实施例中，进气辅助控制阀的状态可以包括第一状态、第二状态和第三状态。The air intake auxiliary control valve can be divided into multiple states according to its quantity, structure, installation method, operation stage, etc., each state can correspond to a different operation stage of the intake process, for example, the three states correspond to three gas duration. In some embodiments, the states of the intake assist control valve may include a first state, a second state, and a third state.
进气管是指将内燃机燃烧所需的气体导入机器内部的气管。在一些实施例中，进气管可以是多个，例如，二个进气管、三个进气管等。在一些实施例中，多个进气管可以与多个进气持续期对应。在一些实施例中，进气管的数量可以小于或等于进气持续期的数量，例如，三个进气管分别对应三个进气持续期、二个进气管对应三个进气持续期。The intake pipe refers to the air pipe that introduces the gas required for the combustion of the internal combustion engine into the inside of the machine. In some embodiments, there may be multiple intake pipes, for example, two intake pipes, three intake pipes and so on. In some embodiments, multiple intake ducts may correspond to multiple intake durations. In some embodiments, the number of intake pipes may be less than or equal to the number of intake durations, for example, three intake pipes correspond to three intake durations, and two intake pipes correspond to three intake durations.
气缸的进气道是将进气管中的气体输送至气缸内部的部件，进气道的两端分别与进气管和气缸连接，其数量与气缸的数量成正比，一个气缸可以对应一个或多个进气道，例如，一个气缸对应一个进气道、一个气缸对应两个进气道等。The intake port of the cylinder is a component that transports the gas in the intake pipe to the inside of the cylinder. The two ends of the intake port are respectively connected with the intake pipe and the cylinder. The number is proportional to the number of cylinders. One cylinder can correspond to one or more Intake ports, for example, one cylinder corresponds to one intake port, one cylinder corresponds to two intake ports, and so on.
在一些实施例中，进气管与气缸进气道的连通可以由进气辅助控制阀控制。In some embodiments, communication of the intake pipe with the cylinder intake port may be controlled by an intake assist control valve.
在一些实施例中，在第一进气持续期内，可以设置进气辅助控制阀为第一状态，第一状态可以使得第一进气管与气缸的进气道接通。在一些实施例中，可以通过第一进气管向气缸内输送第一气体。In some embodiments, during the first intake duration period, the intake auxiliary control valve can be set to a first state, and the first state can make the first intake pipe connected to the intake port of the cylinder. In some embodiments, the first gas can be delivered into the cylinder through the first intake pipe.
步骤220，在第二进气持续期内向气缸内输送第二气体，第二气体是氧化剂和高蒸发焓液体的混合物。在一些实施例中，步骤220可以由第二进气模块120执行。 Step 220, delivering a second gas into the cylinder during the second intake duration, the second gas being a mixture of an oxidant and a liquid with a high evaporation enthalpy. In some embodiments, step 220 may be performed by the second air intake module 120 .
蒸发焓是指定压下物质由液态变为同温度的气态过程中吸收的热量。高蒸发焓液体是指蒸发焓相对较高的液体，例如，液态水、高蒸发焓燃料等。高蒸发焓燃料是指可以作为燃料的高蒸发焓液体，例如，液态甲醇、液态乙醇等。在一些实施例中，高蒸发焓液体可以包括液态水和高蒸发焓液态燃料中的至少一种，例如，液态水、高蒸发焓液态燃料、液态水和高蒸发焓液态燃料的混合物。The enthalpy of vaporization is the heat absorbed by a substance at a specified pressure when it changes from a liquid state to a gaseous state at the same temperature. High vaporization enthalpy liquids refer to liquids with relatively high vaporization enthalpy, such as liquid water, high vaporization enthalpy fuels, and the like. High vaporization enthalpy fuels refer to high vaporization enthalpy liquids that can be used as fuels, for example, liquid methanol, liquid ethanol, and the like. In some embodiments, the high enthalpy of vaporization liquid may include at least one of liquid water and a high enthalpy of vaporization liquid fuel, eg, liquid water, high enthalpy of vaporization liquid fuel, or a mixture of liquid water and high enthalpy of vaporization liquid fuel.
第二气体是指第二进气持续期内输送进入气缸的气体或气体和液体混合物，第二气体的作用主要是降低输送入气缸内混合物的温度，可以包括高蒸发焓 液体。在一些实施例中，第二气体可以是氧化剂和高蒸发焓液体的混合物，其中，氧化剂可以是空气等，高蒸发焓液体可以是液态或蒸发后的气体状态。The second gas refers to the gas or gas and liquid mixture delivered into the cylinder during the second intake duration. The function of the second gas is mainly to reduce the temperature of the mixture delivered into the cylinder, which may include liquids with high vaporization enthalpy. In some embodiments, the second gas may be a mixture of an oxidant and a liquid with a high enthalpy of evaporation, wherein the oxidant may be air or the like, and the liquid with a high enthalpy of evaporation may be in a liquid state or a gaseous state after evaporation.
在一些实施例中，可以在第二进气持续期内通过各种方式向气缸内输送第二气体，例如，通过进气辅助控制阀的开启等。In some embodiments, the second gas can be delivered into the cylinder in various ways during the second intake duration period, for example, by opening the intake auxiliary control valve and so on.
在一些实施例中，在第二进气持续期内，可以设置进气辅助控制阀为第二状态，第二状态可以使得第二进气管与气缸的进气道接通。在一些实施例中，可以基于喷射参数通过第二进气管向气缸内输送第二气体。In some embodiments, during the second intake duration period, the intake auxiliary control valve can be set to a second state, and the second state can make the second intake pipe connected to the intake port of the cylinder. In some embodiments, the second gas may be delivered into the cylinder through the second intake pipe based on injection parameters.
喷射参数是指喷射高蒸发焓液体时依据的参数，例如，喷射时间、喷射量等。在一些实施例中，可以基于内燃机的工作参数(例如，内燃机类型、内燃机工况等)确定喷射参数，喷射参数可以包括喷射量、喷射时间、喷射后的直径、喷射位置、喷射方向中的一个或多个。在一些实施例中，内燃机所需高蒸发焓液体的喷射参数，可以根据内燃机的多个工作参数(例如，进气温度、负荷等)，由具有处理器的模块/部件(例如，ECU等)控制。The injection parameters refer to the parameters according to which the liquid with high vaporization enthalpy is injected, for example, the injection time, the injection amount, and the like. In some embodiments, the injection parameters can be determined based on the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine (for example, the type of internal combustion engine, the working condition of the internal combustion engine, etc.), and the injection parameters can include one of injection quantity, injection time, diameter after injection, injection position, and injection direction or more. In some embodiments, the injection parameters of the high vaporization enthalpy liquid required by the internal combustion engine can be determined by a module/component with a processor (for example, ECU, etc.) control.
在一些实施例中，在兼顾内燃机高负荷的功率、热效率、排气污染物水平的情况下，可以由试验确定高蒸发焓液体的喷射参数，例如，最小喷射量等。In some embodiments, the injection parameters of the high evaporation enthalpy liquid, such as the minimum injection amount, etc., can be determined experimentally, taking into account the high load power, thermal efficiency, and exhaust pollutant level of the internal combustion engine.
在一些实施例中，喷射方式可以是脉冲喷射或连续喷射，其中脉冲喷射便于调节喷射量。In some embodiments, the injection mode can be pulse injection or continuous injection, wherein the pulse injection facilitates adjustment of the injection amount.
内燃机的活塞从下止点到上止点的压缩过程中，相同质量的液体通过蒸发可以降低内燃机压缩过程中的气体温度，其取决于两个条件，液体蒸发焓和液体的液体表面积平均直径。液体液滴的蒸发寿命与液滴表面积平均直径的平方成正比，液体蒸发焓越高，液滴表面积平均直径越小，液体通过蒸发降低内燃机压缩过程中的气体温度的收益越显著。在一些实施例中，喷射后的液体液滴表面积平均直径可以是5-300微米。在一些实施例中，喷射后的液体液滴表面积平均直径可以是5-50微米。During the compression process of the piston of the internal combustion engine from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, the same mass of liquid can reduce the gas temperature during the compression process of the internal combustion engine by evaporating, which depends on two conditions, the enthalpy of evaporation of the liquid and the average diameter of the liquid surface area of the liquid. The evaporation life of liquid droplets is proportional to the square of the average diameter of the droplet surface area. The higher the liquid evaporation enthalpy, the smaller the average diameter of the droplet surface area, and the more significant the benefit of the liquid in reducing the gas temperature during the compression process of the internal combustion engine through evaporation. In some embodiments, the average diameter of the surface area of the sprayed liquid droplets may be 5-300 microns. In some embodiments, the average diameter of the surface area of the sprayed liquid droplets may be 5-50 microns.
在一些实施例中，喷射方向可以与进气管气流的方向相反，这样可以增加液体与气流碰撞机会、减小液体的直径并与气体混合更加均匀。In some embodiments, the injection direction can be opposite to the airflow direction of the intake pipe, which can increase the collision chance of the liquid and the airflow, reduce the diameter of the liquid and mix with the gas more uniformly.
高蒸发焓液体喷射装置是指喷射高蒸发焓液体或其与气体混合物的装置，可以是各种喷射装置，例如，超细喷射装置、中压喷射装置、低压喷射装置等。超细喷射装置是各种喷射超细物质的喷射装置，可以包括超声波液体喷射器、高压液体喷射器和气体和液体混合喷射器等中的一种或多种。High evaporation enthalpy liquid injection device refers to a device that injects high evaporation enthalpy liquid or its mixture with gas, and can be various injection devices, for example, ultrafine injection device, medium pressure injection device, low pressure injection device, etc. The ultra-fine injection device is a variety of injection devices for injecting ultra-fine substances, which may include one or more of ultrasonic liquid injectors, high-pressure liquid injectors, and gas and liquid mixed injectors.
在一些实施例中，高蒸发焓液体喷射装置可以包括超细喷射装置、中压喷射装置和传统低压喷射装置中的一种或多种。In some embodiments, the high vaporization enthalpy liquid injection device may include one or more of an ultra-fine injection device, a medium pressure injection device, and a conventional low pressure injection device.
在一些实施例中，可以基于喷射参数通过一个或多个高蒸发焓液体喷射装置将高蒸发焓液体喷入第二进气管。In some embodiments, the high evaporative enthalpy liquid may be injected into the second intake conduit by one or more high evaporative enthalpy liquid injection devices based on injection parameters.
在一些实施例中，可以基于内燃机的工作状态在输送第二气体的过程中动态调节喷射参数，例如，当内燃机处于高工况状态下，可以增加高蒸发焓液体的喷射量，从而降低燃烧温度，消除内燃机爆震燃烧倾向，提高内燃机燃料的燃烧热效率。又例如，在外界低温条件下，可以减少高蒸发焓液体(例如，液态水)的喷射量，同样可以消除爆震倾向。In some embodiments, the injection parameters can be dynamically adjusted during the delivery of the second gas based on the working state of the internal combustion engine. For example, when the internal combustion engine is in a high operating state, the injection amount of the high evaporation enthalpy liquid can be increased to reduce the combustion temperature. , Eliminate the tendency of internal combustion engine to knock and burn, and improve the combustion thermal efficiency of internal combustion engine fuel. For another example, under the condition of low temperature outside, the injection amount of liquid with high vaporization enthalpy (for example, liquid water) can be reduced, and the tendency of knocking can also be eliminated.
内燃机燃料是指通过燃烧为内燃机提供工质的物质，例如，固体、气体和液体燃料。液体燃料是指各种可燃液体，例如，汽油、煤油、柴油、重油、甲醇、乙醇、植物油、动物油等；气体燃料是指各种可燃气体，例如，氢气、液化石油气、压缩天然气、甲烷、发生炉煤气、沼气和工业废气等；固体燃料是指各种可燃固体，例如，煤、火药等。在一些实施例中，内燃机燃料可以包括汽油、柴油、天然气、氢气、甲醇和乙醇等中的其中一种或其组合。Internal combustion engine fuel refers to substances that provide working fluids for internal combustion engines through combustion, such as solid, gas and liquid fuels. Liquid fuel refers to various combustible liquids, such as gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, heavy oil, methanol, ethanol, vegetable oil, animal oil, etc.; gas fuel refers to various combustible gases, such as hydrogen, liquefied petroleum gas, compressed natural gas, methane, Producer gas, biogas and industrial waste gas, etc.; solid fuel refers to various combustible solids, such as coal, gunpowder, etc. In some embodiments, the internal combustion engine fuel may include one or a combination of gasoline, diesel, natural gas, hydrogen, methanol, and ethanol.
在一些实施例中，在第二进气持续期内，可以向气缸内输送内燃机燃料。例如，向第二进气管内喷射汽油，在第二进气管内与空气和液态水混合后经进气辅助控制阀进入气缸内。In some embodiments, engine fuel may be delivered to the cylinder during the second intake duration. For example, gasoline is injected into the second intake pipe, mixed with air and liquid water in the second intake pipe, and enters the cylinder through the auxiliary intake control valve.
燃料喷射装置是指用于喷射内燃机燃料(简称，燃料)的装置，这里的内燃机燃料可以包括气态燃料、液态燃料或气液混合燃料等。燃料喷射装置可以是各种喷射装置，例如，传统的低压或高压喷射装置。在一些实施例中，燃料喷射装置可以是高蒸发焓液体使用的超细喷射装置。在一些实施例中，高蒸发焓液体 的喷射装置和燃料的喷射装置类型可以是不同的，也可以是相同的。在一些实施例中，可以是用一个喷射装置同时或先后喷射高蒸发焓液体和燃料。A fuel injection device refers to a device for injecting fuel for an internal combustion engine (referred to as fuel), where the fuel for an internal combustion engine may include gaseous fuel, liquid fuel, or gas-liquid mixed fuel. The fuel injection device may be a variety of injection devices, eg conventional low pressure or high pressure injection devices. In some embodiments, the fuel injection device may be an ultra-fine injection device for use with high enthalpy of vaporization liquids. In some embodiments, the injection device for the high vaporization enthalpy liquid and the injection device for the fuel may be of different or the same type. In some embodiments, the high vaporization enthalpy liquid and the fuel may be injected simultaneously or sequentially by one injection device.
当量比是指可燃混合气中包含的理论上可完全燃烧的燃料量与空气量之比，是表示可燃混合气中燃料量与空气量配合比例的一个参数。燃料当量比可以用燃料与空气刚好完全燃烧时,燃料与空气的质量比来表示。The equivalence ratio refers to the ratio of the amount of theoretically completely combustible fuel contained in the combustible mixture to the amount of air, and is a parameter that expresses the proportion of the fuel and air in the combustible mixture. The fuel equivalence ratio can be expressed by the mass ratio of fuel to air when the fuel and air are just completely combusted.
在一些实施例中，内燃机燃料可以通过内燃机的燃料喷射装置喷入第二进气管，其中，第二进气管的内燃机燃料当量比大于1，这表示第二进气管内燃机燃料完全燃烧所需要的空气量高于第二进气管所能提供的空气量。In some embodiments, the internal combustion engine fuel can be injected into the second intake pipe through the fuel injection device of the internal combustion engine, wherein the fuel equivalent ratio of the internal combustion engine of the second intake pipe is greater than 1, which means that the air required for the complete combustion of the internal combustion engine fuel in the second intake pipe The amount of air is higher than the amount of air that can be provided by the second intake pipe.
当量比大于1的燃料在缸内的中间低温气体层燃烧，具有更好的燃烧稳定性(例如，汽油机冷态运行，富油燃烧的燃烧稳定性较燃料当量比为1时燃烧的稳定性好)；中间低温层富油燃烧产物在缸内上、下层高温空气高效燃烧，在增加内燃机高负荷的动力的同时，使得内燃机的排气污染物水平降低、热效率提高。The fuel with an equivalence ratio greater than 1 burns in the middle low-temperature gas layer in the cylinder, which has better combustion stability (for example, when the gasoline engine is running in a cold state, the combustion stability of rich oil combustion is better than that of combustion when the fuel equivalence ratio is 1 ); the oil-rich combustion products in the middle low-temperature layer are efficiently burned in the upper and lower layers of high-temperature air in the cylinder, and while increasing the high-load power of the internal combustion engine, the exhaust pollutant level of the internal combustion engine is reduced and the thermal efficiency is improved.
步骤230，在第三进气持续期内向气缸内输送第三气体，第三气体至少部分为第一气体。在一些实施例中，步骤230可以由第三进气模块130执行。 Step 230, delivering a third gas into the cylinder during a third intake duration, at least part of the third gas being the first gas. In some embodiments, step 230 may be performed by the third air intake module 130 .
第三气体是指第三进气持续期内输送进入气缸的气体，第三气体是起氧化作用的气体。在一些实施例中，第三气体可以与第一气体相同，例如，都是空气。在一些实施例中，第三气体可以包含第一气体，是第一气体与其它气体的混合物，例如，第一气体是空气且第三气体是空气和废气的混合气体。The third gas refers to the gas delivered into the cylinder during the third intake duration, and the third gas is an oxidizing gas. In some embodiments, the third gas may be the same as the first gas, for example, both are air. In some embodiments, the third gas may contain the first gas and be a mixture of the first gas and other gases, for example, the first gas is air and the third gas is a mixture of air and exhaust gas.
在一些实施例中，在第三进气持续期内，可以通过各种方式向气缸内输送第三气体，例如，通过进气辅助控制阀的开启等。In some embodiments, during the third intake duration, the third gas can be delivered into the cylinder in various ways, for example, by opening the intake auxiliary control valve and so on.
在一些实施例中，可以设置进气辅助控制阀为第三状态，第三状态可以使得第三进气管与气缸的进气道接通。在一些实施例中，可以通过第三进气管向气缸内输送第三气体。In some embodiments, the auxiliary air intake control valve can be set to a third state, and the third state can make the third intake pipe connected to the intake port of the cylinder. In some embodiments, the third gas can be delivered into the cylinder through the third intake pipe.
在一些实施例中，根据进气辅助控制阀的结构和安装方式等的不同，进气辅助控制阀的第一状态和第三状态可以相同。In some embodiments, the first state and the third state of the intake assist control valve may be the same according to the structure and installation method of the intake assist control valve.
在一些实施例中，第三进气管与第一进气管可以为同一个进气管，这时第三气体可以为第一气体，从而可以减少进气辅助控制阀的数量，提高输气方便性，简化结构，节约成本。In some embodiments, the third intake pipe and the first intake pipe can be the same intake pipe, and the third gas can be the first gas at this time, thereby reducing the number of intake auxiliary control valves and improving the convenience of gas delivery. Simplify structure and save cost.
在一些实施例中，燃料的喷射过程可以包括至少两个进气持续期，在第一个进气持续期内，可以向气缸内输送第一气体，其中，第一气体可以是氧化剂和燃料的混合物，燃料的当量比可以大于1；在其余的进气持续期内，可以向气缸内输送第二气体，第二气体可以是氧化剂。In some embodiments, the fuel injection process may include at least two intake durations, and in the first intake duration, the first gas may be delivered into the cylinder, wherein the first gas may be the oxidant and the fuel For the mixture, the equivalence ratio of the fuel may be greater than 1; during the rest of the intake duration, the second gas may be delivered into the cylinder, and the second gas may be an oxidant.
本说明一些实施例中，通过分段进气方式，使得气缸内物质分为界限较为清晰的多层(例如，三层)，从而降低了进气***喷射的水通过燃烧室表面进入内燃机油底壳的风险；通过喷射高蒸发焓液体，降低了进气道温度，从而减少乃至消除了爆震的可能；通过以上多种方式的共同使用，提高了内燃机燃烧效率，减少了燃料消耗，降低了燃烧废弃物的排放，从而较好地满足了环保绿色的要求，同时取得了较好的经济效益。In some embodiments of this description, the material in the cylinder is divided into multiple layers (for example, three layers) with relatively clear boundaries through the segmented air intake method, thereby reducing the water injected by the intake system from entering the oil bottom of the internal combustion engine through the surface of the combustion chamber. The risk of the shell; through the injection of high evaporation enthalpy liquid, the temperature of the intake port is reduced, thereby reducing or even eliminating the possibility of knocking; through the joint use of the above methods, the combustion efficiency of the internal combustion engine is improved, fuel consumption is reduced, and the The discharge of burning waste can better meet the requirements of environmental protection and green, and at the same time achieve better economic benefits.
应当注意的是，上述有关流程200的描述仅仅是为了示例和说明，而不限定本说明书的适用范围。对于本领域技术人员来说，在本说明书的指导下可以对流程200进行各种修正和改变。然而，这些修正和改变仍在本说明书的范围之内。It should be noted that the above description about the process 200 is only for illustration and description, and does not limit the scope of application of this description. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and changes can be made to the process 200 under the guidance of this description. However, such modifications and changes are still within the scope of this specification.
图4是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的内燃机的气体温度降低装置的示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a gas temperature reducing device for an internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of the present specification.
如图4所示，装置400至少包括空气中冷器410、进气管420、进气辅助控制阀430、进气道440、高蒸发焓液体喷射装置450、气缸490、高蒸发焓液体喷射装置的阀口461～466、气缸的进气门481～486以及气缸490。其中，进气管420包括进气管421和进气管422；进气辅助控制阀430包括进气辅助控制阀431、进气辅助控制阀432和进气辅助控制阀433，阀口461～466对应进气辅助控制阀431侧面的6个阀口，进气辅助控制阀430的轴向开口与进气管420连接，进气辅助控制阀430的侧面开口与气缸490的进气道连接；高蒸发焓液体 喷射装置450包括高蒸发焓液体喷射装置451和高蒸发焓液体喷射装置452；气缸490包括气缸491、气缸492和气缸493，进气门481和进气门482对应气缸491，进气门483和进气门484对应气缸492，进气门485和进气门486对应气缸493。As shown in Figure 4, the device 400 at least includes an air intercooler 410, an air intake pipe 420, an air intake auxiliary control valve 430, an air intake channel 440, a high evaporation enthalpy liquid injection device 450, a cylinder 490, and a high evaporation enthalpy liquid injection device. The valve ports 461-466, the intake valves 481-486 of the cylinder and the cylinder 490. Wherein, the air intake pipe 420 includes an air intake pipe 421 and an air intake pipe 422; the air intake auxiliary control valve 430 includes an air intake auxiliary control valve 431, an air intake auxiliary control valve 432 and an air intake auxiliary control valve 433, and the valve ports 461-466 correspond to the intake air The 6 valve ports on the side of the auxiliary control valve 431, the axial opening of the intake auxiliary control valve 430 is connected with the intake pipe 420, and the side opening of the intake auxiliary control valve 430 is connected with the intake port of the cylinder 490; high evaporation enthalpy liquid injection Device 450 includes high evaporation enthalpy liquid injection device 451 and high evaporation enthalpy liquid injection device 452; cylinder 490 includes cylinder 491, cylinder 492 and cylinder 493, intake valve 481 and intake valve 482 correspond to cylinder 491, intake valve 483 and intake valve Valve 484 corresponds to cylinder 492 , intake valve 485 and intake valve 486 correspond to cylinder 493 .
在一些实施例中，气体温度降低装置可以包括至少一个气缸(例如，气缸493)的进气道(例如，进气道440)和高蒸发焓液体喷射装置(例如，高蒸发焓液体喷射装置450)，其中，高蒸发焓液体喷射装置可以用于喷射高蒸发焓液体；进气道的出口可以与内燃机进气阀相连。In some embodiments, the gas temperature reduction device may include an intake port (eg, intake port 440 ) of at least one cylinder (eg, cylinder 493 ) and a high vaporization enthalpy liquid injection device (eg, high vaporization enthalpy liquid injection device 450 ). ), wherein the high evaporating enthalpy liquid injection device can be used to inject high evaporating enthalpy liquid; the outlet of the intake passage can be connected with the intake valve of the internal combustion engine.
在一些实施例中，在第一进气持续期内，可以使进气道(例如，进气道440)与第一进气管(例如，进气管421)接通，向气缸(例如，气缸493)内输送第一气体，其中，第一气体可以是氧化剂。In some embodiments, during the first intake duration, the intake port (for example, intake port 440 ) may be connected to the first intake pipe (for example, intake pipe 421 ) to the cylinder (for example, cylinder 493 ), where the first gas may be an oxidizing agent.
在一些实施例中，在第二进气持续期内，可以使进气道(例如，进气道440)与第二进气管(例如，进气管422)接通，向气缸(例如，气缸493)输送第二气体，其中，第二气体可以是氧化剂和高蒸发焓液体的混合物。In some embodiments, during the second intake duration, the intake port (for example, intake port 440 ) may be connected to the second intake pipe (for example, intake pipe 422 ) to the cylinder (for example, cylinder 493 ) to deliver a second gas, wherein the second gas may be a mixture of an oxidant and a liquid with a high enthalpy of vaporization.
在一些实施例中，在第三进气持续期内，可以使进气道(例如，进气道440)与第三进气管(例如，进气管421)接通，向气缸(例如，气缸493)内输送第三气体，其中，第三气体可以全部或部分为第一气体。In some embodiments, during the third intake duration, the intake port (for example, intake port 440 ) can be connected with the third intake pipe (for example, intake pipe 421 ) to the cylinder (for example, cylinder 493 ) to deliver a third gas, wherein the third gas may be all or part of the first gas.
在一些实施例中，进气管的数量可以为两个，包括第一进气管和第二进气管，第一进气管的第一气体可以是氧含量低于或等于空气的气体，第二进气管的第二气体可以是氧含量高于第一气体氧含量的气体；第一进气管和第二进气管可以分别与气缸之间设有流量分层装置，该流量分层装置使得进入气缸的第一气体和第二气体在气缸内实现轴向分层；燃料喷射器可以把燃料喷射到气缸外的第一气体中。In some embodiments, the number of intake pipes can be two, including a first intake pipe and a second intake pipe, the first gas in the first intake pipe can be a gas with an oxygen content lower than or equal to air, and the second air intake pipe The second gas can be a gas whose oxygen content is higher than that of the first gas; the first intake pipe and the second intake pipe can be respectively provided with a flow stratification device between the cylinder, and the flow stratification device makes the second gas entering the cylinder The first gas and the second gas achieve axial stratification in the cylinder; the fuel injector can inject fuel into the first gas outside the cylinder.
在本说明书一些实施例中，通过分段进气，实现了分层燃烧方式，可以获得超过内燃机可变压缩比+米勒循环的收益，实现了内燃机在高负荷运行时的缸内气体分层低温，提高了高负荷运行状态下的功率，同时极大地降低了内燃机在 最大功率点时的废气温度，从而增加了最大功率点时的内燃机功率，降低了排放，提高了内燃机的节能效果。In some embodiments of this specification, the stratified combustion method is realized through segmented air intake, which can obtain benefits exceeding the variable compression ratio of the internal combustion engine + Miller cycle, and realize the gas stratification in the cylinder when the internal combustion engine is running at a high load The low temperature increases the power under high-load operation, and at the same time greatly reduces the exhaust gas temperature of the internal combustion engine at the maximum power point, thereby increasing the power of the internal combustion engine at the maximum power point, reducing emissions, and improving the energy-saving effect of the internal combustion engine.
在一些实施例中，内燃机可以是多个冲程的，例如，二冲程、四冲程等。在一些实施例中，内燃机可以的气缸数量可以是至少一个，例如，单缸、三缸、四缸、六缸、八缸等。In some embodiments, the internal combustion engine may be multi-stroke, eg, two-stroke, four-stroke, etc. In some embodiments, the internal combustion engine may have at least one cylinder, for example, single cylinder, three cylinders, four cylinders, six cylinders, eight cylinders, and the like.
在一些实施例中，内燃机可以是增压的，例如，机械增压、涡轮增压等。在一些实施例中，内燃机可以是自然吸气的。在一些实施例中，与内燃机的类型匹配，内燃机进气***可以有对应的组件，例如，增压的内燃机具有空气冷却装置(例如，空气中冷器等)，自然吸气的内燃机具有空气过滤装置(例如，空气滤清器等)。In some embodiments, the internal combustion engine may be supercharged, eg, supercharged, turbocharged, or the like. In some embodiments, the internal combustion engine may be naturally aspirated. In some embodiments, the intake system of the internal combustion engine may have corresponding components matching the type of internal combustion engine, for example, a supercharged internal combustion engine has an air cooling device (for example, an air intercooler, etc.), a naturally aspirated internal combustion engine has an air filter device (eg, air filter, etc.).
在一些实施例中，内燃机可以是使用各种燃料的内燃机，例如，液体燃料内燃机(例如，汽油机、柴油机、乙醇内燃机、甲醇汽油内燃机等)、气体燃料内燃机(天然气内燃机、氢气内燃机等)、双燃料内燃机(例如，汽油+氢气内燃机等)等。In some embodiments, the internal combustion engine can be an internal combustion engine using various fuels, for example, a liquid fuel internal combustion engine (such as a gasoline engine, a diesel engine, an ethanol internal combustion engine, a methanol gasoline internal combustion engine, etc.), a gaseous fuel internal combustion engine (a natural gas internal combustion engine, a hydrogen internal combustion engine, etc.), a dual Fuel internal combustion engine (for example, gasoline + hydrogen internal combustion engine, etc.), etc.
如图4所示，在一些实施例中，装置400可以匹配四冲程三缸增压中冷汽油机，其中，气缸490可以包括三个气缸，即气缸491、气缸492和气缸493；每个气缸可以设置两个进气门，气缸491的进气门为进气门481和进气门482，气缸492的进气门为进气门483和进气门484，气缸493的进气门为进气门485和进气门486；高蒸发焓液体喷射装置450可以包括两个，即高蒸发焓液体喷射装置451和高蒸发焓液体喷射装置452，以高蒸发焓液体是液态水、燃料是汽油为例，高蒸发焓液体喷射装置451和高蒸发焓液体喷射装置452可以分别对应超声波喷水器和汽油喷射器。As shown in Figure 4, in some embodiments, the device 400 can match a four-stroke three-cylinder supercharged intercooled gasoline engine, wherein the cylinder 490 can include three cylinders, namely a cylinder 491, a cylinder 492 and a cylinder 493; each cylinder can Two intake valves are set, the intake valve of cylinder 491 is intake valve 481 and intake valve 482, the intake valve of cylinder 492 is intake valve 483 and intake valve 484, and the intake valve of cylinder 493 is intake valve Door 485 and intake valve 486; high evaporation enthalpy liquid injection device 450 can comprise two, namely high evaporation enthalpy liquid injection device 451 and high evaporation enthalpy liquid injection device 452, with high evaporation enthalpy liquid being liquid water, fuel being gasoline For example, the high evaporating enthalpy liquid injection device 451 and the high evaporating enthalpy liquid injection device 452 may respectively correspond to an ultrasonic water sprayer and a gasoline injector.
在一些实施例中，内燃机进气道的数量可以与进气门数量匹配，例如，图4中进气门数量与进气道数量均为6个；进气辅助控制阀数量可以与进气道数量匹配，例如，如图4所示，每个进气道对应3个进气辅助控制阀，进气道440对应的进气辅助控制阀430包括进气辅助控制阀431、进气辅助控制阀432和进气 辅助控制阀433。In some embodiments, the number of intake ports of the internal combustion engine can match the number of intake valves, for example, the number of intake valves and the number of intake ports in Figure 4 are 6; the number of intake auxiliary control valves can be matched with the number of intake ports The quantity is matched. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, each intake port corresponds to three intake auxiliary control valves, and the intake assist control valve 430 corresponding to the intake port 440 includes an intake assist control valve 431, an intake assist control valve 432 and intake assist control valve 433.
在一些实施例中，进气道可以与第一进气管、第二进气管和第三进气管之间通过进气辅助控制阀连通，其中，进气辅助控制阀的启闭定时可以与气缸进气门配气定时的相位相对应。In some embodiments, the intake port can communicate with the first intake pipe, the second intake pipe and the third intake pipe through an intake auxiliary control valve, wherein the opening and closing timing of the intake auxiliary control valve can be adjusted according to the cylinder. The phases of the valve timings correspond.
在一些实施例中，第三进气管与第一进气管可以为同一个进气管。例如，图4中第三进气管与第一进气管均为进气管421，进气管421的右端可以分叉形成两根管道，分别与进气辅助控制阀431和进气辅助控制阀433的轴向开口相连，进气辅助控制阀431和进气辅助控制阀433的侧面阀口连接进气道440。进气管421兼具第三进气管的作用，使得进气管420(包括进气管421和进气管422)与进气辅助控制阀430以及进气道440的连接结构简单化，也降低了制造成本。In some embodiments, the third intake pipe and the first intake pipe may be the same intake pipe. For example, the third intake pipe and the first intake pipe in Fig. 4 are both intake pipes 421, and the right end of the intake pipe 421 can be bifurcated to form two pipes, which are connected to the axes of the intake auxiliary control valve 431 and the intake auxiliary control valve 433 respectively. They are connected to the openings, and the side valve ports of the intake auxiliary control valve 431 and the intake auxiliary control valve 433 are connected with the intake passage 440 . The intake pipe 421 also serves as the third intake pipe, which simplifies the connection structure between the intake pipe 420 (including the intake pipe 421 and the intake pipe 422 ), the auxiliary intake control valve 430 and the intake passage 440 , and reduces the manufacturing cost.
在一些实施例中，第二进气管(例如，进气管422)可以连接进气辅助控制阀(例如，进气辅助控制阀432)的轴向开口，进气辅助控制阀侧面阀口可以连接进气道(例如，进气道440)。In some embodiments, the second intake pipe (for example, intake pipe 422 ) can be connected to the axial opening of the intake assist control valve (for example, intake assist control valve 432 ), and the side port of the intake assist control valve can be connected into Airway (eg, air intake 440).
在一些实施例中，进气辅助控制阀至少可以包括第一状态、第二状态和第三状态，其中，第一状态可以使得第一进气管与气缸的进气道接通；第二状态可以使得第二进气管与气缸的进气道接通；第三状态可以使得第三进气管与气缸的进气道接通。在一些实施例中，当一个进气管与气缸的进气道接通时，该进气管之外的其他进气管可以与该气缸的进气道不接通。In some embodiments, the intake assist control valve may at least include a first state, a second state and a third state, wherein the first state may make the first intake pipe connect with the intake port of the cylinder; the second state may The second intake pipe is connected to the intake port of the cylinder; in the third state, the third intake pipe is connected to the intake port of the cylinder. In some embodiments, when one intake pipe is connected to the intake port of the cylinder, the other intake pipes may not be connected to the intake port of the cylinder.
如图4所示，在一些实施例中，进气辅助控制阀430的第一状态可以是进气辅助控制阀431的侧面阀口开启，同时进气辅助控制阀432和进气辅助控制阀433的侧面阀口关闭，从而使得第一进气管(例如，进气管421)与气缸493的进气道440接通，同时其余的进气管(例如，进气管422)与气缸493的进气道440不接通。As shown in FIG. 4 , in some embodiments, the first state of the intake assist control valve 430 may be that the side valve port of the intake assist control valve 431 is opened, and the intake assist control valve 432 and the intake assist control valve 433 The side valve port of the valve is closed, so that the first intake pipe (for example, the intake pipe 421) is connected with the intake passage 440 of the cylinder 493, while the remaining intake pipes (for example, the intake pipe 422) are connected with the intake passage 440 of the cylinder 493 Not connected.
如图4所示，在一些实施例中，进气辅助控制阀430的第二状态可以是进气辅助控制阀432的侧面阀口开启，同时进气辅助控制阀431和进气辅助控 制阀433的侧面阀口关闭，从而使得第二进气管(例如，进气管422)与气缸493的进气道440接通，同时第一进气管和第三进气管(例如，进气管421)与气缸493的进气道440不接通。As shown in FIG. 4 , in some embodiments, the second state of the intake assist control valve 430 may be that the side valve port of the intake assist control valve 432 is opened, and the intake assist control valve 431 and the intake assist control valve 433 The side valve port of the valve is closed, so that the second intake pipe (for example, the intake pipe 422) is connected with the intake passage 440 of the cylinder 493, while the first intake pipe and the third intake pipe (for example, the intake pipe 421) are connected with the cylinder 493 The air inlet 440 is not connected.
如图4所示，在一些实施例中，进气辅助控制阀430的第三状态可以是进气辅助控制阀433的侧面阀口开启，同时进气辅助控制阀432和进气辅助控制阀431的侧面阀口关闭，从而使得第三进气管(例如，进气管421)与气缸493的进气道440接通，同时其余的进气管(例如，进气管422)与气缸493的进气道440不接通。As shown in FIG. 4 , in some embodiments, the third state of the intake assist control valve 430 may be that the side valve port of the intake assist control valve 433 is opened, and the intake assist control valve 432 and the intake assist control valve 431 The side valve port of the valve is closed, so that the third intake pipe (for example, intake pipe 421) is connected with the intake passage 440 of the cylinder 493, while the remaining intake pipes (for example, the intake pipe 422) are connected with the intake passage 440 of the cylinder 493 Not connected.
在一些实施例中，可以在第一进气持续期内设置进气辅助控制阀为第一状态；在第二进气持续期内设置进气辅助控制阀为所述第二状态；在第三进气持续期内设置进气辅助控制阀为所述第三状态。例如，图4中，可以在第一进气持续期内设置进气辅助控制阀430为第一状态；第二进气持续期内设置进气辅助控制阀430为第二状态；在第三进气持续期内设置进气辅助控制阀430为第三状态。通过将进气辅助控制阀430分为不同的状态，使进气管420经进气辅助控制阀430和进气道440向气缸490输入不同的气体。In some embodiments, the intake assist control valve can be set to the first state during the first intake duration; the intake assist control valve can be set to the second state during the second intake duration; During the duration of intake air, set the intake assist control valve to the third state. For example, in FIG. 4, the intake assist control valve 430 can be set to the first state during the first intake duration; the intake assist control valve 430 can be set to the second state during the second intake duration; Set the intake auxiliary control valve 430 to the third state during the gas duration. By dividing the auxiliary intake control valve 430 into different states, the intake pipe 420 can input different gases to the cylinder 490 through the auxiliary intake control valve 430 and the intake passage 440 .
在一些实施例中，进气辅助控制阀的轴向可以存在开口，阀体侧面可以包括一个或多个阀口，进气管和气缸进气道可以分别连接进气辅助控制阀的轴向开口和阀体侧面的阀口。其中，经进气管输入气缸的物质，例如，空气、高蒸发焓液体、燃料等，可以经进气管与进气辅助控制阀的连接接口通过进气辅助控制阀，然后经气缸进气道与进气辅助控制阀的连接接口进入气缸进气道，从而输送到气缸。In some embodiments, there may be an opening in the axial direction of the intake auxiliary control valve, the side of the valve body may include one or more valve ports, and the intake pipe and the cylinder intake port may be respectively connected to the axial opening and valve port on the side of the valve body. Among them, the substances input into the cylinder through the intake pipe, such as air, high evaporation enthalpy liquid, fuel, etc., can pass through the intake auxiliary control valve through the connection interface between the intake pipe and the intake auxiliary control valve, and then pass through the cylinder intake port and the intake air. The connection interface of the air-assisted control valve enters the cylinder intake port, thereby delivering to the cylinder.
如图4所示，在一些实施例中，进气管420可以连接进气辅助控制阀430的轴向开口，进气道440可以连接进气辅助控制阀430阀体的侧面阀口，其中，由进气管420进入的物质，可以经进气辅助控制阀430的轴向开口通过进气辅助控制阀430，然后经进气辅助控制阀430阀体的侧面阀口进入进气道440。As shown in FIG. 4, in some embodiments, the intake pipe 420 can be connected to the axial opening of the intake auxiliary control valve 430, and the intake passage 440 can be connected to the side valve port of the intake auxiliary control valve 430 valve body, wherein, by The material entering the intake pipe 420 can pass through the axial opening of the intake auxiliary control valve 430 through the intake auxiliary control valve 430 , and then enter the intake passage 440 through the side valve port of the intake auxiliary control valve 430 valve body.
图3是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的内燃机的气体温度降低装置的示 意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a gas temperature reducing device for an internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of the present specification.
如图3所示，装置300至少包括进气辅助控制阀310和气缸320，其中，进气辅助控制阀310至少包括内转子311和阀体312。As shown in FIG. 3 , the device 300 includes at least an intake assist control valve 310 and a cylinder 320 , wherein the intake assist control valve 310 at least includes an inner rotor 311 and a valve body 312 .
如图3所示，在一些实施例中，进气管(图中未示出)可以连接进气辅助控制阀310的阀体312侧面的阀口，气缸320的进气道可以连接进气辅助控制阀310的轴向开口，其中，由进气管进入的物质，可以经阀体312的侧面阀口通过进气辅助控制阀310，然后经进气辅助控制阀310的轴向开口进入气缸320的进气道，从而输送到气缸。As shown in Figure 3, in some embodiments, the intake pipe (not shown in the figure) can be connected to the valve port on the side of the valve body 312 of the intake auxiliary control valve 310, and the intake port of the cylinder 320 can be connected to the intake auxiliary control valve. The axial opening of the valve 310, wherein, the material entering from the intake pipe can pass through the side valve port of the valve body 312 through the intake auxiliary control valve 310, and then enter the inlet of the cylinder 320 through the axial opening of the intake auxiliary control valve 310 air passage, thereby delivering to the cylinder.
在一些实施例中，进气道的数量可以基于内燃机进气阀的数量确定，例如，进气道的数量可以与内燃机进气阀数量相等或是其整数倍。In some embodiments, the number of intake ports may be determined based on the number of intake valves of the internal combustion engine, for example, the number of intake ports may be equal to or an integral multiple of the number of intake valves of the internal combustion engine.
在一些实施例中，第一进气管的进口可以与第一进气组件的第一出口相连，第二进气管进口可以与第一进气组件的第二出口相连，第三进气管进口可以与第一进气组件的第三出口相连。In some embodiments, the inlet of the first air intake pipe can be connected with the first outlet of the first air intake assembly, the inlet of the second air intake pipe can be connected with the second outlet of the first air intake assembly, and the inlet of the third air intake pipe can be connected with the second outlet of the first air intake assembly. The third outlet of the first air intake assembly is connected to each other.
第一进气组件是进气***的组件，对于不同的内燃机起到不同的作用。例如，对于增压内燃机，第一进气组件可以是空气中冷器，起进气冷却的作用。又例如，对于自然吸气内燃机，第一进气组件可以是空气滤清器，起进气过滤的作用。The first intake component is a component of the intake system, which plays different roles for different internal combustion engines. For example, for a supercharged internal combustion engine, the first air intake component may be an air intercooler, which acts as an intake air cooler. For another example, for a naturally aspirated internal combustion engine, the first air intake component may be an air filter, which functions as an air intake filter.
在一些实施例中，第一进气管(例如，进气管421)的进口可以与第一进气组件(例如，空气中冷器410)的第一出口相连，第二进气管(例如，进气管422)的进口可以与第一进气组件的第二出口相连，第三进气管(例如，进气管421)的进口可以与第一进气组件的第三出口相连。在一些实施例中，第一进气管和第三进气管可以相同，第一进气组件的第一出口与第三出口可以相同，例如，如图4所示，第一进气管和第三进气管均为进气管421，空气中冷器410的第一出口与第三出口相同。In some embodiments, the inlet of the first air intake pipe (for example, the air intake pipe 421) can be connected to the first outlet of the first air intake assembly (for example, the air intercooler 410), and the second air intake pipe (for example, the air intake pipe 410) 422) may be connected to the second outlet of the first air intake assembly, and the inlet of the third air intake pipe (eg, air intake pipe 421) may be connected to the third outlet of the first air intake assembly. In some embodiments, the first air intake pipe and the third air intake pipe can be the same, and the first outlet of the first air intake assembly can be the same as the third outlet. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the first air intake pipe and the third air inlet The air pipes are all air intake pipes 421, and the first outlet of the air intercooler 410 is the same as the third outlet.
在一些实施例中，第二进气管(例如，进气管422)上可以设置高蒸发焓液体喷射装置(例如，装置450)。In some embodiments, a high vaporization enthalpy liquid injection device (eg, device 450 ) may be disposed on the second intake pipe (eg, intake pipe 422 ).
在一些实施例中，在第二进气持续期内，可以使进气道与第二进气管接通，基于喷射参数通过至少一个高蒸发焓液体喷射装置将高蒸发焓液体喷入第二进气管。例如，如图4所示，装置450包括装置451和装置452，可以通过装置451和/或装置452将高蒸发焓液体喷入进气管422。In some embodiments, during the second air intake duration, the intake port can be connected to the second intake pipe, and the high evaporation enthalpy liquid is injected into the second intake port through at least one high evaporation enthalpy liquid injection device based on the injection parameters. trachea. For example, as shown in FIG. 4 , the device 450 includes a device 451 and a device 452 , and the high evaporation enthalpy liquid can be sprayed into the intake pipe 422 through the device 451 and/or the device 452 .
在一些实施例中，第二进气管与第一进气组件(例如，空气中冷器等)连通，使得第二进气管内存在氧化剂(例如，空气等)，高蒸发焓液体喷射装置向第二进气管内部喷射高蒸发焓液体，氧化剂和高蒸发焓液体在第二进气管内部混合形成第二气体。In some embodiments, the second air intake pipe communicates with the first air intake assembly (for example, an air intercooler, etc.), so that there is an oxidant (for example, air, etc.) in the second air intake pipe, and the high evaporation enthalpy liquid injection device injects the first The liquid with high vaporization enthalpy is sprayed inside the second intake pipe, and the oxidant and liquid with high vaporization enthalpy are mixed inside the second intake pipe to form the second gas.
在一些实施例中，高蒸发焓液体可以包括液态水和高蒸发焓液态燃料中的其中至少一种。In some embodiments, the high enthalpy of vaporization liquid may include at least one of liquid water and a high enthalpy of vaporization liquid fuel.
在一些实施例中，高蒸发焓液体喷射装置可以包括超细喷射装置、中压喷射装置和传统低压喷射装置中的至少一种。In some embodiments, the high vaporization enthalpy liquid injection device may include at least one of an ultra-fine injection device, a medium pressure injection device, and a conventional low pressure injection device.
在一些实施例中，喷射参数可以基于内燃机的工作参数确定，喷射参数可以包括喷射量、喷射时间、喷射后的直径、喷射位置、喷射方向中的至少一个。In some embodiments, the injection parameters can be determined based on the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, and the injection parameters can include at least one of injection quantity, injection time, diameter after injection, injection position, and injection direction.
在一些实施例中，内燃机所需高蒸发焓液体的实际喷射量，可以根据进气温度和负荷等，由具有处理能力的部件/组件(例如，ECU等)控制。In some embodiments, the actual injection amount of the high vaporization enthalpy liquid required by the internal combustion engine can be controlled by components/components with processing capabilities (eg, ECU, etc.) according to the intake air temperature and load, etc.
在一些实施例中，喷射方式可以是脉冲喷射或连续喷射等。In some embodiments, the spraying method can be pulse spraying or continuous spraying, etc.
在一些实施例中，高蒸发焓液体喷射装置的位置可以在第二进气管的前端。In some embodiments, the position of the high evaporation enthalpy liquid injection device may be at the front end of the second intake pipe.
在一些实施例中，喷射方向可以与第二进气管内部气流的方向相反。In some embodiments, the injection direction may be opposite to the direction of airflow inside the second intake pipe.
在一些实施例中，可以基于内燃机的工作状态在输送过程中动态调节喷射参数。例如，当内燃机处于高工况状态下，可以增加高蒸发焓液体的喷射量，从而降低燃烧温度，消除内燃机爆震燃烧倾向，提高内燃机燃料的燃烧热效率提高空气进气量，提高内燃机燃料的当量比。又例如，在外界低温条件下，可以减少高蒸发焓液体(例如，液态水)的喷射量，同样可以消除爆震倾向。In some embodiments, injection parameters may be dynamically adjusted during delivery based on the operating state of the internal combustion engine. For example, when the internal combustion engine is in a high working condition, the injection amount of high evaporation enthalpy liquid can be increased, thereby reducing the combustion temperature, eliminating the tendency of internal combustion engine knocking combustion, improving the combustion thermal efficiency of internal combustion engine fuel, increasing air intake, and increasing the equivalent of internal combustion engine fuel Compare. For another example, under the condition of low temperature outside, the injection amount of liquid with high vaporization enthalpy (for example, liquid water) can be reduced, and the tendency of knocking can also be eliminated.
在一些实施例中，在第二进气持续期内，可以使进气道(例如，进气道440) 与第二进气管(例如，进气管422)接通，向气缸(例如，气缸493)内输送内燃机燃料。In some embodiments, during the second intake duration, the intake port (for example, intake port 440 ) may be connected to the second intake pipe (for example, intake pipe 422 ) to the cylinder (for example, cylinder 493 ) to deliver internal combustion engine fuel.
在一些实施例中，内燃机燃料可以通过内燃机的高蒸发焓液体喷射装置(例如，装置450)喷入第二进气管(例如，进气管422)，其中，第二进气管内燃机燃料当量比可以大于1。通过将当量比大于1的内燃机燃料在气缸内中间的低温层富油燃烧，可以大幅降低内燃机的氮氧化物排放、降低或消除汽油机高负荷的爆震倾向；中间低温层的燃烧产物在缸内上、下层高温空气继续燃烧，不但增加了内燃机高负荷的动力，而且降低了内燃机的排气污染物。In some embodiments, the fuel of the internal combustion engine can be injected into the second intake pipe (for example, the intake pipe 422) through the high vaporization enthalpy liquid injection device (for example, device 450) of the internal combustion engine, wherein, the fuel equivalence ratio of the second intake pipe internal combustion engine can be greater than 1. By burning the internal combustion engine fuel with an equivalence ratio greater than 1 in the low-temperature layer in the middle of the cylinder, the nitrogen oxide emission of the internal combustion engine can be greatly reduced, and the knocking tendency of the gasoline engine at high load can be reduced or eliminated; the combustion products of the middle low-temperature layer in the cylinder The high-temperature air in the upper and lower layers continues to burn, which not only increases the high-load power of the internal combustion engine, but also reduces the exhaust pollutants of the internal combustion engine.
图5A、5B、5C、5D、5E是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的进气辅助控制阀的结构示意图。5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, and 5E are structural schematic diagrams of intake auxiliary control valves according to some embodiments of the present specification.
如图5A所示，在一些实施例中，进气辅助控制阀500至少可以包括内转子501、套装在内转子501上的外转子502和位于外转子502外的阀体503。其中，内转子501中空且一端封闭，另一端为开口端N端，内转子的开口端即为阀体的轴向开口；内转子501、外转子502和阀体503的侧面分别开设有相对应的至少一组阀口；内转子501的封闭端经转轴连接一从动外齿轮504，外转子502的相应端部设有从动内齿轮505，内燃机正时齿轮传动连接有传动轴506，一安装在传动轴506端部的主动齿轮507分别与从动外齿轮504和从动内齿轮505相啮合。As shown in FIG. 5A , in some embodiments, the intake auxiliary control valve 500 may at least include an inner rotor 501 , an outer rotor 502 fitted on the inner rotor 501 , and a valve body 503 located outside the outer rotor 502 . Wherein, the inner rotor 501 is hollow and one end is closed, and the other end is the open end N end, and the open end of the inner rotor is the axial opening of the valve body; At least one group of valve ports; the closed end of the inner rotor 501 is connected to a driven external gear 504 through the rotating shaft, the corresponding end of the outer rotor 502 is provided with a driven internal gear 505, and the timing gear of the internal combustion engine is connected to a transmission shaft 506. The driving gear 507 installed at the end of the transmission shaft 506 meshes with the driven external gear 504 and the driven internal gear 505 respectively.
在一些实施例中，当阀体503、内转子501和外转子502的阀口相互交错时，进气辅助控制阀500侧面的阀口关闭；当阀体503、内转子501和外转子502的阀口相互对应时，进气辅助控制阀500侧面的阀口开启。In some embodiments, when the valve ports of the valve body 503, the inner rotor 501 and the outer rotor 502 intersect with each other, the valve ports on the sides of the intake auxiliary control valve 500 are closed; When the valve ports correspond to each other, the valve port on the side of the air intake assist control valve 500 is opened.
图5B、5C、5D分别为图5A中截面M1-M1、截面M5-M5和截面M6-M6的示意图，表示为同一时间下不同进气辅助控制阀的状态示意图。如图5所示，在一些实施例中，进气辅助控制阀的侧面阀口的开合状态可以有多种，其中，图5B侧面阀口为关闭状态，图5C和图5D侧面阀口为开启状态。在一些实施例中，不同气缸对应的进气辅助控制阀的侧面阀口的开合状态可以不一致，同一气缸所连的进气辅助控制阀的侧面阀口的开合状态可以一致。5B, 5C, and 5D are schematic diagrams of sections M1-M1, M5-M5, and M6-M6 in FIG. 5A, respectively, showing states of different intake auxiliary control valves at the same time. As shown in Figure 5, in some embodiments, the opening and closing states of the side valve port of the air intake auxiliary control valve can be various, wherein, the side valve port in Figure 5B is in the closed state, and the side valve ports in Figure 5C and Figure 5D are in the closed state. On state. In some embodiments, the opening and closing states of the side valve ports of the intake auxiliary control valves corresponding to different cylinders may be different, and the opening and closing states of the side valve ports of the intake auxiliary control valves connected to the same cylinder may be consistent.
如图5E所示，在一些实施例中，进气辅助控制阀的外转子502侧面可以设置两个开口，其中一个开口与内转子501开口和阀体503阀口对应时，第一进气管可以通过该开口输送第一气体，另一个开口与内转子501开口和阀体503阀口对应时，第三进气管可以通过该开口输送第三气体。As shown in Figure 5E, in some embodiments, two openings can be provided on the side of the outer rotor 502 of the intake auxiliary control valve, and when one of the openings corresponds to the opening of the inner rotor 501 and the valve port of the valve body 503, the first intake pipe can be The first gas is delivered through this opening, and when another opening corresponds to the opening of the inner rotor 501 and the valve port of the valve body 503 , the third air intake pipe can deliver the third gas through this opening.
如图4所示，在一些实施例中，对于与第一进气管和第三进气管分别对应的进气辅助控制阀431和进气辅助控制阀433，当进气辅助控制阀431和/或进气辅助控制阀433为如图5E所示的进气辅助控制阀时，可以取消其中一个进气辅助控制阀，例如，取消进气辅助控制阀433，保留进气辅助控制阀431，并将保留的进气辅助控制阀与第一进气管(例如，进气管421)连接。As shown in FIG. 4 , in some embodiments, for the intake assist control valve 431 and the intake assist control valve 433 respectively corresponding to the first intake pipe and the third intake pipe, when the intake assist control valve 431 and/or When the auxiliary intake control valve 433 is the auxiliary intake control valve as shown in FIG. The retained intake assist control valve is connected to the first intake pipe (for example, the intake pipe 421 ).
在一些实施例中，进气辅助控制阀的轴向开口既可以用于连接进气管，也可以用于连接进气道。In some embodiments, the axial opening of the auxiliary air intake control valve can be used for connecting the intake pipe and the intake passage.
如图4所示，在一些实施例中，进气辅助控制阀430的轴向开口可以与进气管420连接，同时进气辅助控制阀430阀体的侧面阀口与气缸493进气道440连接，可以由进气辅助控制阀430的轴向开口从进气管420进气，然后由进气辅助控制阀430阀体的侧面阀口向进气道440输出气体。As shown in FIG. 4 , in some embodiments, the axial opening of the intake auxiliary control valve 430 can be connected to the intake pipe 420 , while the side valve port of the valve body of the intake auxiliary control valve 430 is connected to the intake passage 440 of the cylinder 493 , intake air can be taken from the intake pipe 420 through the axial opening of the intake assist control valve 430 , and then the gas is output to the intake passage 440 through the side valve port of the intake assist control valve 430 valve body.
在一些实施例中，当进气辅助控制阀与进气管和气缸进气道的连接方式为图4所示的连接方式时，进气辅助控制阀数量可以为多个，其中，多个进气辅助控制阀的内转子开口端可以分别连接第一进气管、第二进气管和第三进气管；进气辅助控制阀的阀体侧面的阀口数量可以基于进气道的数量确定，例如，与每个气缸匹配的进气辅助控制阀的阀体侧面的阀口数量之和与该气缸的进气道的数量相同；进气辅助控制阀的阀体侧面的阀口可以分别连接该气缸的进气道。In some embodiments, when the connection mode between the intake auxiliary control valve and the intake pipe and the cylinder intake port is the connection mode shown in Figure 4, the number of intake auxiliary control valves can be multiple, wherein the plurality of intake air The open end of the inner rotor of the auxiliary control valve can be respectively connected to the first intake pipe, the second intake pipe and the third intake pipe; the number of valve ports on the side of the valve body of the intake auxiliary control valve can be determined based on the number of intake passages, for example, The sum of the number of valve ports on the side of the valve body of the air intake auxiliary control valve matched with each cylinder is the same as the number of intake passages of the cylinder; the valve ports on the side of the valve body of the air intake auxiliary control valve can be respectively connected to the air intake.
如图3所示，在一些实施例中，进气辅助控制阀310的侧面阀口可以与进气管(图中未示出)连接，同时进气辅助控制阀310的轴向开口与气缸320的进气道连接，可以由进气辅助控制阀310阀体312的侧面阀口从进气管进气，然后由进气辅助控制阀310内转子311的轴向开口端向气缸320的进气道输出气体。As shown in Figure 3, in some embodiments, the side valve port of the intake assist control valve 310 can be connected with the intake pipe (not shown in the figure), while the axial opening of the intake assist control valve 310 is connected with the cylinder 320 The intake port is connected, and the intake air can be taken from the intake pipe through the side valve port of the valve body 312 of the intake auxiliary control valve 310, and then output to the intake port of the cylinder 320 by the axial opening end of the inner rotor 311 of the intake auxiliary control valve 310 gas.
在一些实施例中，当进气辅助控制阀与进气管和气缸进气道的连接方式 为图3所示的连接方式时，进气辅助控制阀的内转子开口端可以连接进气道；进气辅助控制阀阀体侧面的阀口可以分别连接第一进气管、第二进气管和第三进气管；进气辅助控制阀阀体侧面的阀口数量可以基于第一进气管、第二进气管和第三进气管的出口数量之和确定，例如，进气辅助控制阀阀体侧面的阀口数量之和可以等于第一进气管、第二进气管和第三进气管的出口数量之和。In some embodiments, when the connection mode between the intake auxiliary control valve and the intake pipe and the cylinder intake port is the connection mode shown in Figure 3, the open end of the inner rotor of the intake auxiliary control valve can be connected to the intake port; The valve ports on the side of the air assist control valve valve body can be connected to the first intake pipe, the second intake pipe and the third intake pipe respectively; the number of valve ports on the side of the intake assist control valve valve body can be based on the first intake pipe, the second intake The sum of the outlets of the air pipe and the third intake pipe is determined. For example, the sum of the valve ports on the side of the intake auxiliary control valve body can be equal to the sum of the outlets of the first intake pipe, the second intake pipe and the third intake pipe. .
图9是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的高蒸发焓液体和燃料混合并喷入第二进气管的示意图。Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the high vaporization enthalpy liquid mixed with fuel and injected into the second intake pipe according to some embodiments of the present specification.
如图9所示，在一些实施例中，可以在第二进气管的前端管道(例如，管道930)中设置高蒸发焓液体喷射装置(例如，喷射装置920)和燃料喷射装置(例如，喷射装置910)，可以使高蒸发焓液体喷射装置喷射的高蒸发焓液体(例如，液态水等)和燃料喷射装置喷射的液态燃料(例如，汽油等)在前端管道中先混合，然后再进入第二进气管，这样可以使高蒸发焓液体、液态燃料以及第二进气管内的气体混合更加均匀。As shown in FIG. 9, in some embodiments, a high vaporization enthalpy liquid injection device (for example, injection device 920) and a fuel injection device (for example, injection device 910), which can make the high evaporation enthalpy liquid (for example, liquid water, etc.) injected by the high evaporation enthalpy liquid injection device and the liquid fuel (for example, gasoline, etc.) injected by the fuel injection device mix first in the front-end pipeline, and then enter the second The second intake pipe, which can make the high vaporization enthalpy liquid, liquid fuel and the gas in the second intake pipe mix more uniformly.
图6是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的单缸进气阶段角面值及辅助控制阀口持续期示意图。其中，图6所示的内燃机与图4所示的内燃机相同，图6所示的进气门可以为图4中气缸493的进气道440的进气门486。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing angle surface values and auxiliary control valve port durations of a single cylinder intake stage according to some embodiments of the present specification. Wherein, the internal combustion engine shown in FIG. 6 is the same as the internal combustion engine shown in FIG. 4 , and the intake valve shown in FIG. 6 may be the intake valve 486 of the intake port 440 of the cylinder 493 in FIG. 4 .
在一些实施例中，内燃机工作时，每个气缸的进气辅助控制阀内的阀口可以与相应气缸进气阀的配气正时相位的启闭角度相对应，该气缸的进气辅助控制阀把每个气缸进气道完整的进气过程分成3个有重叠的、依次相连的进气持续期；通过阀口位置的相对位置变化，可实现进气辅助控制阀阀口的开启与关闭，第一气体、第二气体、第三气体分别在3个不同的进气持续期，先后通过该气缸进气道的进气门进入气缸。In some embodiments, when the internal combustion engine is working, the valve port in the intake assist control valve of each cylinder may correspond to the opening and closing angle of the valve timing phase of the intake valve of the corresponding cylinder, and the intake assist control valve of the cylinder The valve divides the complete intake process of the intake port of each cylinder into three overlapping and sequentially connected intake durations; through the relative position change of the valve port position, the opening and closing of the valve port of the intake auxiliary control valve can be realized , the first gas, the second gas, and the third gas enter the cylinder successively through the intake valve of the intake port of the cylinder in three different intake durations.
如图6所示，气缸可以是气缸493，进气门可以是进气门486，进气道可以是进气道440。θ 1表示进气门开启与进气辅助控制阀(例如，进气辅助控制阀431)第一阀口的进气持续期开启的角度差，其中，第一阀口与第一进气管对应；θ 2表示进气门开启与进气辅助控制阀(例如，进气辅助控制阀432)第二 阀口的进气持续期开启的角度差，其中，第二阀口与第二进气管对应；θ 3表示进气门开启与进气辅助控制阀(例如，进气辅助控制阀431)第三阀口的进气持续期开启的角度差，其中第三阀口与第三进气管对应；θ4表示进气辅助控制阀(例如，进气辅助控制阀431)第一阀口的第一进气持续期从开启到关闭的角度使空气由第一进气管(例如，进气管421)通过进气道进入气缸；θ 5表示进气辅助控制阀(例如，进气辅助控制阀432)第二阀口的第二进气持续期从开启到关闭的角度，使高蒸发焓液体、燃料和空气的混合气(例如，液态水雾、汽油和空气的混合气)由第二进气管(例如，进气管422)通过进气道进入气缸；θ 6表示进气辅助控制阀(例如，进气辅助控制阀431)第三阀口的第三进气持续期从开启到关闭的角度，使空气由第三进气管(例如，进气管421)通过进气道进入气缸。 As shown in FIG. 6 , the cylinder may be cylinder 493 , the intake valve may be intake valve 486 , and the intake port may be intake port 440 . θ1 represents the angle difference between the opening of the intake valve and the opening of the intake duration of the first valve port of the intake auxiliary control valve (for example, the intake auxiliary control valve 431), wherein the first valve port corresponds to the first intake pipe; θ2 represents the angle difference between the opening of the intake valve and the opening of the intake duration of the second valve port of the intake auxiliary control valve (for example, the intake auxiliary control valve 432), wherein the second valve port corresponds to the second intake pipe; θ3 represents the angle difference between the opening of the intake valve and the opening of the intake duration of the third valve port of the intake assist control valve (for example, the intake assist control valve 431), wherein the third valve port corresponds to the third intake pipe; θ4 Indicates the angle of the first intake duration of the first valve port of the intake assist control valve (for example, the intake assist control valve 431 ) from opening to closing so that the air passes through the intake air from the first intake pipe (for example, the intake pipe 421 ) θ 5 represents the angle of the second intake duration of the second valve port of the intake assist control valve (for example, the intake assist control valve 432) from opening to closing, so that the high vaporization enthalpy liquid, fuel and air The mixed gas ( for example, the mixed gas of liquid mist, gasoline and air) enters the cylinder through the intake port through the second intake pipe (for example, the intake pipe 422); The angle of the third intake duration of the third valve port of the valve 431) from opening to closing allows air to enter the cylinder from the third intake pipe (for example, the intake pipe 421) through the intake passage.
图7、图8是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的内燃机的气体温度降低装置的示意图。Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 are schematic diagrams of a gas temperature reducing device for an internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of the present specification.
如图7所示，装置700至少包括进气管721、进气管722、进气辅助控制阀730、进气道740、高蒸发焓液体喷射装置750和阀口761～763，其中，阀口761和阀口763与进气管721对应，阀口762与进气管722对应；进气辅助控制阀730与进气管722对应；高蒸发焓液体喷射装置750包括超声波喷水器751、汽油喷射器752和氢气喷射器753。As shown in Figure 7, the device 700 at least includes an intake pipe 721, an intake pipe 722, an intake auxiliary control valve 730, an intake passage 740, a high evaporation enthalpy liquid injection device 750 and valve ports 761-763, wherein the valve ports 761 and Valve port 763 corresponds to intake pipe 721, valve port 762 corresponds to intake pipe 722; intake auxiliary control valve 730 corresponds to intake pipe 722; high evaporation enthalpy liquid injection device 750 includes ultrasonic water sprayer 751, gasoline injector 752 and hydrogen Injector 753.
在一些实施例中，高蒸发焓液体喷射装置可以是多个，例如，图4中为两个，即装置451和装置452；图7中为三个，即装置751、装置752和装置753；图8中为一个，即装置810。In some embodiments, there may be multiple high evaporation enthalpy liquid injection devices, for example, two devices in FIG. 4 , namely device 451 and device 452 ; three devices in FIG. 7 , namely device 751 , device 752 and device 753 ; One is shown in FIG. 8 , device 810 .
如图7所示，在一些实施例中，内燃机可以是液态燃料+气态燃料(例如，汽油+氢气)的双燃料内燃机，第二进气管(例如，进气管722)可以设置高蒸发焓液体喷射装置(例如，高蒸发焓液体喷射装置750)。以高蒸发焓液体是液态水、燃料是汽油+氢气为例，高蒸发焓液体喷射装置可以包括超声波喷水器(例如，超声波喷水器751)、汽油喷射器(例如，汽油喷射器752)和氢气喷射器 (例如，氢气喷射器753)，第二进气管内部的汽油+氢气的当量比可以大于1。As shown in Figure 7, in some embodiments, the internal combustion engine can be a dual-fuel internal combustion engine of liquid fuel+gaseous fuel (for example, gasoline+hydrogen), and the second intake pipe (for example, intake pipe 722) can be provided with a high vaporization enthalpy liquid injection device (eg, high vaporization enthalpy liquid injection device 750). Taking liquid water as the high evaporating enthalpy liquid and gasoline+hydrogen as the fuel, the high evaporating enthalpy liquid injection device may include ultrasonic water sprayer (for example, ultrasonic water sprayer 751), gasoline injector (for example, gasoline injector 752) With a hydrogen injector (for example, hydrogen injector 753 ), the equivalence ratio of gasoline+hydrogen inside the second intake pipe may be greater than 1.
如图8所示，装置800至少包括高蒸发焓液体喷射装置810，在一些实施例中，内燃机可以是液态燃料内燃机。以液态燃料和高蒸发焓液体均是甲醇为例，高蒸发焓液体喷射装置(例如，高蒸发焓液体喷射装置810)可以为超声波喷甲醇器、高压喷甲醇器、气体和液体混合喷射器等中的其中一种。高蒸发焓液体为甲醇时，不但具有水的低温分层作用，而且在气缸内作为已蒸发的燃料，具有比传统燃烧甲醇燃烧方式更高的热效率。As shown in FIG. 8, the device 800 includes at least a high vaporization enthalpy liquid injection device 810. In some embodiments, the internal combustion engine may be a liquid fuel internal combustion engine. Taking methanol as an example for both the liquid fuel and the high vaporization enthalpy liquid, the high vaporization enthalpy liquid injection device (for example, the high vaporization enthalpy liquid injection device 810) can be an ultrasonic methanol injector, a high-pressure methanol injector, a gas and liquid mixed injector, etc. one of the When the high evaporation enthalpy liquid is methanol, it not only has the low-temperature stratification effect of water, but also acts as the evaporated fuel in the cylinder, which has a higher thermal efficiency than the traditional methanol combustion method.
上文已对基本概念做了描述，显然，对于本领域技术人员来说，上述详细披露仅仅作为示例，而并不构成对本说明书的限定。虽然此处并没有明确说明，本领域技术人员可能会对本说明书进行各种修改、改进和修正。该类修改、改进和修正在本说明书中被建议，所以该类修改、改进、修正仍属于本说明书示范实施例的精神和范围。The basic concept has been described above, obviously, for those skilled in the art, the above detailed disclosure is only an example, and does not constitute a limitation to this description. Although not expressly stated here, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements and corrections to this description. Such modifications, improvements and corrections are suggested in this specification, so such modifications, improvements and corrections still belong to the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this specification.
同时，本说明书使用了特定词语来描述本说明书的实施例。如“一个实施例”、“一实施例”、和/或“一些实施例”意指与本说明书至少一个实施例相关的某一特征、结构或特点。因此，应强调并注意的是，本说明书中在不同位置两次或多次提及的“一实施例”或“一个实施例”或“一个替代性实施例”并不一定是指同一实施例。此外，本说明书的一个或多个实施例中的某些特征、结构或特点可以进行适当的组合。Meanwhile, this specification uses specific words to describe the embodiments of this specification. For example, "one embodiment", "an embodiment", and/or "some embodiments" refer to a certain feature, structure or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of this specification. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that two or more references to "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" in different places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment . In addition, certain features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of this specification may be properly combined.
此外，除非权利要求中明确说明，本说明书所述处理元素和序列的顺序、数字字母的使用、或其他名称的使用，并非用于限定本说明书流程和方法的顺序。尽管上述披露中通过各种示例讨论了一些目前认为有用的发明实施例，但应当理解的是，该类细节仅起到说明的目的，附加的权利要求并不仅限于披露的实施例，相反，权利要求旨在覆盖所有符合本说明书实施例实质和范围的修正和等价组合。例如，虽然以上所描述的***组件可以通过硬件设备实现，但是也可以只通过软件的解决方案得以实现，如在现有的服务器或移动设备上安装所描述的***。In addition, unless explicitly stated in the claims, the order of processing elements and sequences described in this specification, the use of numbers and letters, or the use of other names are not used to limit the sequence of processes and methods in this specification. While the foregoing disclosure has discussed by way of various examples some embodiments of the invention that are presently believed to be useful, it should be understood that such detail is for illustrative purposes only and that the appended claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but rather, the claims The claims are intended to cover all modifications and equivalent combinations that fall within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of this specification. For example, although the system components described above may be implemented by hardware devices, they may also be implemented by a software-only solution, such as installing the described system on an existing server or mobile device.
同理，应当注意的是，为了简化本说明书披露的表述，从而帮助对一个或多个发明实施例的理解，前文对本说明书实施例的描述中，有时会将多种特征归并至一个实施例、附图或对其的描述中。但是，这种披露方法并不意味着本说明书对象所需要的特征比权利要求中提及的特征多。实际上，实施例的特征要少于上述披露的单个实施例的全部特征。In the same way, it should be noted that in order to simplify the expression disclosed in this specification and help the understanding of one or more embodiments of the invention, in the foregoing description of the embodiments of this specification, sometimes multiple features are combined into one embodiment, drawings or descriptions thereof. This method of disclosure does not, however, imply that the subject matter of the specification requires more features than are recited in the claims. Indeed, embodiment features are less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment.
一些实施例中使用了描述成分、属性数量的数字，应当理解的是，此类用于实施例描述的数字，在一些示例中使用了修饰词“大约”、“近似”或“大体上”来修饰。除非另外说明，“大约”、“近似”或“大体上”表明所述数字允许有±20％的变化。相应地，在一些实施例中，说明书和权利要求中使用的数值参数均为近似值，该近似值根据个别实施例所需特点可以发生改变。在一些实施例中，数值参数应考虑规定的有效数位并采用一般位数保留的方法。尽管本说明书一些实施例中用于确认其范围广度的数值域和参数为近似值，在具体实施例中，此类数值的设定在可行范围内尽可能精确。In some embodiments, numbers describing the quantity of components and attributes are used. It should be understood that such numbers used in the description of the embodiments use the modifiers "about", "approximately" or "substantially" in some examples. grooming. Unless otherwise stated, "about", "approximately" or "substantially" indicates that the stated figure allows for a variation of ±20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the specification and claims are approximations that can vary depending upon the desired characteristics of individual embodiments. In some embodiments, numerical parameters should take into account the specified significant digits and adopt the general digit reservation method. Although the numerical ranges and parameters used in some embodiments of this specification to confirm the breadth of the range are approximations, in specific embodiments, such numerical values are set as precisely as practicable.
针对本说明书引用的每个专利、专利申请、专利申请公开物和其他材料，如文章、书籍、说明书、出版物、文档等，特此将其全部内容并入本说明书作为参考。与本说明书内容不一致或产生冲突的申请历史文件除外，对本说明书权利要求最广范围有限制的文件(当前或之后附加于本说明书中的)也除外。需要说明的是，如果本说明书附属材料中的描述、定义、和/或术语的使用与本说明书所述内容有不一致或冲突的地方，以本说明书的描述、定义和/或术语的使用为准。Each patent, patent application, patent application publication, and other material, such as article, book, specification, publication, document, etc., cited in this specification is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Application history documents that are inconsistent with or conflict with the content of this specification are excluded, and documents (currently or later appended to this specification) that limit the broadest scope of the claims of this specification are also excluded. It should be noted that if there is any inconsistency or conflict between the descriptions, definitions, and/or terms used in the accompanying materials of this manual and the contents of this manual, the descriptions, definitions and/or terms used in this manual shall prevail .
最后，应当理解的是，本说明书中所述实施例仅用以说明本说明书实施例的原则。其他的变形也可能属于本说明书的范围。因此，作为示例而非限制，本说明书实施例的替代配置可视为与本说明书的教导一致。相应地，本说明书的实施例不仅限于本说明书明确介绍和描述的实施例。Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described in this specification are only used to illustrate the principles of the embodiments of this specification. Other modifications are also possible within the scope of this description. Therefore, by way of example and not limitation, alternative configurations of the embodiments of this specification may be considered consistent with the teachings of this specification. Accordingly, the embodiments of this specification are not limited to the embodiments explicitly introduced and described in this specification.

Claims (25)

  1. 一种内燃机的气体温度降低方法，包括：A gas temperature reduction method for an internal combustion engine, comprising:
    在第一进气持续期内向气缸内输送第一气体，所述第一气体是氧化剂；delivering a first gas into the cylinder during a first intake duration, the first gas being an oxidant;
    在第二进气持续期内向所述气缸内输送第二气体，所述第二气体是所述氧化剂和高蒸发焓液体的混合物；delivering a second gas into the cylinder during a second intake duration, the second gas being a mixture of the oxidant and a high vaporization enthalpy liquid;
    在第三进气持续期内向所述气缸内输送第三气体，所述第三气体至少部分为所述第一气体。Delivering a third gas into the cylinder during a third intake duration, the third gas being at least partially the first gas.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，所述在第一进气持续期内向气缸内输送第一气体包括：The method according to claim 1, wherein delivering the first gas into the cylinder during the first intake duration comprises:
    设置进气辅助控制阀为第一状态，所述第一状态使得第一进气管与所述气缸的进气道接通；Setting the intake auxiliary control valve to a first state, the first state makes the first intake pipe connected to the intake port of the cylinder;
    通过第一进气管向所述气缸内输送所述第一气体。The first gas is delivered into the cylinder through the first intake pipe.
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法，所述在第二进气持续期内向所述气缸内输送第二气体包括：The method of claim 2, wherein delivering the second gas into the cylinder during the second intake duration comprises:
    设置所述进气辅助控制阀为第二状态，所述第二状态使得第二进气管与所述气缸的进气道接通；Setting the auxiliary air intake control valve to a second state, the second state makes the second intake pipe connected to the intake port of the cylinder;
    基于喷射参数通过第二进气管向所述气缸内输送所述第二气体。The second gas is delivered into the cylinder through a second intake pipe based on injection parameters.
  4. 如权利要求3所述的方法，所述喷射参数基于内燃机的工作参数确定，所述喷射参数包括喷射量、喷射时间、喷射后的直径、喷射位置、喷射方向中的至少一个。The method according to claim 3, wherein the injection parameters are determined based on the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, and the injection parameters include at least one of injection quantity, injection time, diameter after injection, injection position, and injection direction.
  5. 如权利要求3所述的方法，所述基于所述喷射参数通过第二进气管向所述气缸内输送所述第二气体包括：The method according to claim 3, wherein said delivering said second gas into said cylinder through a second intake pipe based on said injection parameters comprises:
    基于所述喷射参数通过至少一个高蒸发焓液体喷射装置将所述高蒸发焓液 体喷入所述第二进气管，所述高蒸发焓液体包括液态水和高蒸发焓液态燃料中的其中至少一种，所述高蒸发焓液体喷射装置包括超细喷射装置、中压喷射装置和传统低压喷射装置中的至少一种。injecting the high evaporating enthalpy liquid into the second intake pipe through at least one high evaporating enthalpy liquid injection device based on the injection parameters, the high evaporating enthalpy liquid including at least one of liquid water and high evaporating enthalpy liquid fuel The high evaporation enthalpy liquid injection device includes at least one of an ultra-fine injection device, a medium-pressure injection device and a traditional low-pressure injection device.
  6. 如权利要求3所述的方法，所述基于所述喷射参数向所述气缸内输送所述第二气体还包括：The method of claim 3, said delivering said second gas into said cylinder based on said injection parameters further comprising:
    基于内燃机的工作状态在所述输送过程中动态调节所述喷射参数。The injection parameters are dynamically adjusted during the delivery based on the operating state of the internal combustion engine.
  7. 如权利要求3所述的方法，所述在第二进气持续期内向所述气缸内输送第二气体包括：The method of claim 3, wherein delivering the second gas into the cylinder during the second intake duration comprises:
    在所述第二进气持续期内向所述气缸内输送内燃机燃料。Internal combustion engine fuel is delivered to the cylinder during the second intake duration.
  8. 如权利要求7所述的方法，所述内燃机燃料通过内燃机的燃料喷射装置喷入所述第二进气管，所述第二进气管的内燃机燃料当量比大于1。The method according to claim 7, wherein the internal combustion engine fuel is injected into the second intake pipe through a fuel injection device of the internal combustion engine, and the fuel equivalence ratio of the internal combustion engine of the second intake pipe is greater than 1.
  9. 如权利要求2所述的方法，所述在第三进气持续期内向所述气缸内输送第三气体包括：The method according to claim 2, wherein delivering the third gas into the cylinder during the third intake duration comprises:
    设置所述进气辅助控制阀为第三状态，所述第三状态使得第三进气管与所述气缸的进气道接通；Setting the auxiliary air intake control valve to a third state, the third state makes the third intake pipe connected to the intake port of the cylinder;
    通过所述第三进气管向所述气缸内输送所述第三气体。The third gas is delivered into the cylinder through the third intake pipe.
  10. 如权利要求9所述的方法，所述第三进气管与所述第一进气管为同一个进气管。The method according to claim 9, wherein the third intake pipe is the same intake pipe as the first intake pipe.
  11. 一种内燃机的气体温度降低装置，包括至少一个气缸的进气道和高蒸发焓液体喷射装置，所述高蒸发焓液体喷射装置用于喷射高蒸发焓液体；所述进气道的出口与内燃机进气阀相连，其特征在于：A gas temperature reducing device for an internal combustion engine, comprising an intake port of at least one cylinder and a high evaporation enthalpy liquid injection device, the high evaporation enthalpy liquid injection device is used for injecting a high evaporation enthalpy liquid; the outlet of the intake port is connected to the internal combustion engine The intake valve is connected, which is characterized by:
    在第一进气持续期内使所述进气道与第一进气管接通，向所述气缸内输送第一气体，所述第一气体是氧化剂；During the first intake duration, the intake port is connected to the first intake pipe, and a first gas is delivered into the cylinder, and the first gas is an oxidant;
    在第二进气持续期内使所述进气道与第二进气管接通，向所述气缸内输送第二气体，所述第二气体是所述氧化剂和高蒸发焓液体的混合物；During the second air intake duration, the intake port is connected to the second intake pipe, and a second gas is delivered into the cylinder, and the second gas is a mixture of the oxidant and a high vaporization enthalpy liquid;
    在第三进气持续期内使所述进气道与第三进气管接通，向所述气缸内输送第三气体，所述第三气体至少部分为所述第一气体。During the third intake duration period, the intake port is connected to the third intake pipe, and a third gas is delivered into the cylinder, and the third gas is at least partly the first gas.
  12. 如权利要求11所述的装置，所述进气道与所述第一进气管、所述第二进气管和所述第三进气管之间通过进气辅助控制阀连通，所述进气辅助控制阀的启闭定时与气缸进气门配气定时的相位相对应，所述进气辅助控制阀至少包括第一状态、第二状态和第三状态，其特征在于：The device according to claim 11, said intake duct communicates with said first intake pipe, said second intake pipe, and said third intake pipe through an intake assist control valve, and said intake assist The opening and closing timing of the control valve corresponds to the phase of the gas distribution timing of the intake valve of the cylinder, and the auxiliary intake control valve includes at least a first state, a second state and a third state, and is characterized in that:
    所述第一状态使得所述第一进气管与所述气缸的进气道接通；The first state makes the first intake pipe connected to the intake port of the cylinder;
    所述第二状态使得所述第二进气管与所述气缸的进气道接通；The second state makes the second intake pipe communicate with the intake port of the cylinder;
    所述第三状态使得所述第三进气管与所述气缸的进气道接通。The third state makes the third intake pipe communicate with the intake port of the cylinder.
  13. 如权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于：The device of claim 12, characterized in that:
    在所述第一进气持续期内设置所述进气辅助控制阀为所述第一状态；setting the intake assist control valve to the first state during the first intake duration;
    在所述第二进气持续期内设置所述进气辅助控制阀为所述第二状态；setting the intake assist control valve to the second state during the second intake duration;
    在所述第三进气持续期内设置所述进气辅助控制阀为所述第三状态。The intake assist control valve is set to the third state during the third intake duration.
  14. 如权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于：The device of claim 12, characterized in that:
    所述进气辅助控制阀包括内转子、套装在所述内转子上的外转子和位于所述外转子外的阀体；The air intake auxiliary control valve includes an inner rotor, an outer rotor fitted on the inner rotor, and a valve body located outside the outer rotor;
    所述内转子中空且一端封闭，另一端为开口端；The inner rotor is hollow and one end is closed, and the other end is an open end;
    所述内转子、所述外转子和所述阀体的侧面分别开设有相对应的至少一组阀口；The inner rotor, the outer rotor and the sides of the valve body are respectively provided with at least one set of corresponding valve ports;
    所述内转子的封闭端经转轴连接从动外齿轮，所述外转子的相应端部设有从动内齿轮，所述内燃机正时齿轮连接有传动轴，安装在所述传动轴端部的主动齿轮分别与所述从动外齿轮和所述从动内齿轮相啮合。The closed end of the inner rotor is connected to the driven external gear through the rotating shaft, the corresponding end of the outer rotor is provided with a driven internal gear, the timing gear of the internal combustion engine is connected to the transmission shaft, and the drive shaft installed at the end of the transmission shaft The driving gear meshes with the driven external gear and the driven internal gear respectively.
  15. 如权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于：The device of claim 14, characterized in that:
    所述进气辅助控制阀数量为多个；The number of the air intake auxiliary control valves is multiple;
    所述多个进气辅助控制阀的内转子开口端分别连接所述第一进气管、所述第二进气管和所述第三进气管；The open ends of the inner rotors of the plurality of auxiliary air intake control valves are respectively connected to the first intake pipe, the second intake pipe and the third intake pipe;
    所述进气辅助控制阀阀体侧面的阀口数量基于所述进气道的数量确定；The number of valve ports on the side of the intake auxiliary control valve body is determined based on the number of the intake passages;
    所述进气辅助控制阀阀体侧面的阀口分别连接所述进气道。Valve ports on the side of the intake auxiliary control valve body are respectively connected to the intake passages.
  16. 如权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于：The device of claim 14, characterized in that:
    所述进气辅助控制阀的内转子开口端连接所述进气道；The open end of the inner rotor of the air intake auxiliary control valve is connected to the air intake passage;
    所述进气辅助控制阀阀体侧面的阀口分别连接所述第一进气管、所述第二进气管和所述第三进气管；The valve ports on the side of the intake auxiliary control valve body are respectively connected to the first intake pipe, the second intake pipe and the third intake pipe;
    所述进气辅助控制阀阀体侧面的阀口数量基于所述第一进气管、所述第二进气管和所述第三进气管的出口数量之和确定。The number of valve ports on the side of the intake auxiliary control valve valve body is determined based on the sum of the outlet numbers of the first intake pipe, the second intake pipe and the third intake pipe.
  17. 如权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于：The device of claim 11, wherein:
    所述进气道的数量基于内燃机进气阀的数量确定；The number of the intake ports is determined based on the number of intake valves of the internal combustion engine;
    所述第一进气管进口与空气中冷器的第一出口相连，所述第二进气管进口与所述空气中冷器的第二出口相连，所述第三进气管进口与所述空气中冷器的第三出口相连。The inlet of the first air intake pipe is connected with the first outlet of the air intercooler, the inlet of the second air intake pipe is connected with the second outlet of the air intercooler, and the inlet of the third air intake pipe is connected with the air intercooler. The third outlet of the cooler is connected.
  18. 如权利要求11所述的装置，所述在第二进气持续期内使所述进气道与第二进气管接通，向气缸内输送第二气体包括：The device according to claim 11, said connecting the intake port with the second intake pipe during the second intake duration, and delivering the second gas into the cylinder comprises:
    基于喷射参数通过至少一个所述高蒸发焓液体喷射装置将所述高蒸发焓液 体喷入所述第二进气管。injecting said high vaporization enthalpy liquid into said second intake pipe by at least one said high vaporization enthalpy liquid injection device based on injection parameters.
  19. 如权利要求18所述的装置，所述喷射参数基于内燃机的工作参数确定，所述喷射参数包括喷射量、喷射时间、喷射后的直径、喷射位置、喷射方向中的至少一个。The device according to claim 18, wherein the injection parameters are determined based on the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, and the injection parameters include at least one of injection quantity, injection time, diameter after injection, injection position, and injection direction.
  20. 如权利要求18所述的装置，所述高蒸发焓液体包括液态水和高蒸发焓液态燃料中的其中至少一种，所述高蒸发焓液体喷射装置包括超细喷射装置、中压喷射装置和传统低压喷射装置中的至少一种。The device according to claim 18, wherein said high vaporization enthalpy liquid comprises at least one of liquid water and high vaporization enthalpy liquid fuel, and said high vaporization enthalpy liquid injection device comprises ultra-fine injection device, medium pressure injection device and At least one of the conventional low-pressure injection devices.
  21. 如权利要求18所述的装置，所述基于所述喷射参数向所述气缸内输送所述第二气体还包括：The apparatus of claim 18, said delivering said second gas into said cylinder based on said injection parameters further comprising:
    基于内燃机的工作状态在所述输送过程中动态调节所述喷射参数。The injection parameters are dynamically adjusted during the delivery based on the operating state of the internal combustion engine.
  22. 如权利要求11所述的装置，所述在第二进气持续期内使所述进气道与第二进气管接通，向所述气缸内输送第二气体包括：The device according to claim 11, said connecting the intake port with the second intake pipe during the second intake duration, and delivering the second gas into the cylinder comprises:
    在所述第二进气持续期内向所述气缸内输送内燃机燃料。Internal combustion engine fuel is delivered to the cylinder during the second intake duration.
  23. 如权利要求22所述的装置，所述内燃机燃料通过内燃机的燃料喷射装置喷入所述第二进气管，所述第二进气管的内燃机燃料当量比大于1。The device according to claim 22, wherein the internal combustion engine fuel is injected into the second intake pipe through a fuel injection device of the internal combustion engine, and the fuel equivalence ratio of the internal combustion engine in the second intake pipe is greater than 1.
  24. 如权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于：The device of claim 11, wherein:
    所述第三进气管与所述第一进气管为同一个进气管。The third intake pipe is the same intake pipe as the first intake pipe.
  25. 一种计算机可读存储介质，所述存储介质存储计算机指令，当计算机读取存储介质中的计算机指令后，计算机执行如权利要求1～10任一项所述的内燃机的气体温度降低方法。A computer-readable storage medium, the storage medium stores computer instructions, and after the computer reads the computer instructions in the storage medium, the computer executes the method for reducing the gas temperature of an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1-10.
PCT/CN2022/073669 2022-01-25 2022-01-25 Method and device for reducing gas temperature of internal combustion engine WO2023141747A1 (en)

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