WO2023134535A1 - 电池模组及用电设备 - Google Patents

电池模组及用电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023134535A1
WO2023134535A1 PCT/CN2023/070669 CN2023070669W WO2023134535A1 WO 2023134535 A1 WO2023134535 A1 WO 2023134535A1 CN 2023070669 W CN2023070669 W CN 2023070669W WO 2023134535 A1 WO2023134535 A1 WO 2023134535A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
collision
frame
battery module
longitudinal beam
module according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/070669
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曾智敏
唐彧
杨海奇
黄小腾
王鹏
徐晨怡
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023134535A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023134535A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of electronic component manufacturing, and in particular, relate to a battery module and electrical equipment.
  • Lithium batteries are a type of batteries that use lithium metal or lithium alloys as positive and/or negative electrode materials and use non-aqueous electrolyte solutions.
  • the embodiment of the present application aims to provide a battery module and an electrical device to improve the current situation that the battery is prone to fire or explosion when it is squeezed or hit.
  • the present application provides a battery module, including a battery module, an anti-collision frame, and an anti-collision member.
  • the cell module includes a first surface, a second surface, a first side, a second side and a third side.
  • the first surface and the second surface are oppositely arranged, the first side is respectively connected with the first surface and the second surface, the second side is respectively connected with the first surface and the second surface, and the third side is respectively connected with the first surface and the second surface connection, the second side is respectively connected to the first side and the third side, the first side and the third side are arranged oppositely,
  • the battery module is provided with poles, and the poles are arranged on the first side and/or the third side.
  • the anti-collision frame is provided with a receiving space, and the cell module is accommodated in the accommodating space, and there is a gap between the first side and/or the third side with the pole and the anti-collision frame.
  • the anti-collision piece is arranged in the gap, and one side of the anti-collision piece abuts against the inner surface of the anti-collision frame, and the other side of the anti-collision piece abuts against the first side provided with poles and/or the third side is connected to the second side the end of.
  • the battery module is accommodated in the accommodation space of the anti-collision frame, and the anti-collision member is arranged in the gap between the battery module and the anti-collision frame.
  • the anti-collision frame is first subjected to the impact force.
  • the anti-collision frame can absorb the energy generated by the impact force, and then transfer the remaining energy to the
  • the battery module is provided with an end portion where the first side and/or the third side of the pole are connected to one end of the second side.
  • the energy brought by the impact force can be dispersed to the two sides, which improves the force bearing capacity of the battery module. Prevent the impact force from directly crushing the battery module and causing explosion.
  • the bumper includes a plurality of bumpers arranged at intervals. This design allows the impact force of the battery module to be transmitted and dispersed through multiple anti-collision blocks, so as to prevent burning or explosion caused by crushing the pole.
  • the plurality of bumpers includes a first bumper, a second bumper, a third bumper and a fourth bumper arranged at intervals.
  • the first anti-collision block is located on the first side and/or the third side is connected to the second side and one end is close to the first surface
  • the second anti-collision block is located on the first side and/or the third side is connected to the second side One end of is close to the side of the second surface.
  • the third anti-collision block is located on the first side and/or the third side is connected to the second side and the other end is close to the first surface
  • the fourth anti-collision block is located on the first side and/or the third side is connected to the second side.
  • the other end of the side is close to one side of the second surface.
  • the multiple anti-collision blocks include a first anti-collision beam and a second anti-collision beam
  • the first anti-collision beam is located at the end of one end of the first side and/or the third side connected to the second side
  • the second anti-collision beam is located at the end where the first side and/or the third side are connected to the other end of the second side
  • the first anti-collision beam and the second anti-collision beam are arranged at intervals.
  • the bumper includes a frame-type bumper, and the frame-type bumper is arranged along the edge of the first side and/or the third side. This design enables the impact force received by the battery module to be transmitted from the anti-collision frame along the frame-type anti-collision block, so as to prevent burning or explosion caused by crushing the pole.
  • the bumper is made of insulating material. This design can further improve the safety of the battery module and prevent leakage of electricity when the anti-collision frame is crushed.
  • the battery module further includes an insulating structure, and the insulating structure is disposed between the cell module and the anti-collision member, or, the insulating structure is disposed between the anti-collision member and the anti-collision frame.
  • This design makes the insulating structure play an insulating role between the battery module and the anti-collision frame when the battery module is hit, which reduces or avoids the short circuit of the battery module to a certain extent and improves the safety of the battery module. sex.
  • the anti-collision frame includes a first side frame and a second side frame, the first side frame is installed on the side of the first side away from the third side, and the second side frame is installed on the third side away from the first side side.
  • the anti-collision frame further includes a first cover plate and a second cover plate, one end of the first cover plate is connected with the first side frame, and the other end of the first cover plate is connected with the second side frame; One end of the cover plate is connected to the first side frame, and the other end of the second cover plate is connected to the second side frame; the first side frame, the second side frame, the first cover plate and the second cover plate together form a storage space.
  • This design can improve the stability of the first side frame and the second side frame, and can also transfer the impact force of the first side frame or the second side frame to the other side along the first cover plate and the second cover plate frame, thereby improving the impact resistance of the anti-collision frame.
  • the first side frame includes a first longitudinal beam, a second longitudinal beam and at least one first cross beam, the second longitudinal beam abuts against the anti-collision member or the first side, the second longitudinal beam and the first longitudinal beam
  • the beams are arranged opposite to each other, the first longitudinal beam is arranged away from the anti-collision member, one end of the first transverse beam is connected to the first longitudinal beam, the other end of the first transverse beam is connected to the second longitudinal beam, and the first transverse beam is connected to the first longitudinal beam or the second longitudinal beam.
  • the second side frame includes a third longitudinal beam, a fourth longitudinal beam and at least one second cross beam, the fourth longitudinal beam abuts against the anti-collision member or the third side, the fourth longitudinal beam and the third longitudinal beam
  • the beams are arranged oppositely, the third longitudinal beam is arranged away from the third side, one end of the second cross beam is connected with the third longitudinal beam, the other end of the second cross beam is connected with the fourth longitudinal beam, and the second cross beam is connected with the third longitudinal beam and the second cross beam.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an electric device, which includes the above-mentioned battery module.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by one embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a battery module provided by one embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is an exploded view of a battery module provided by one embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the A side of Fig. 2 provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the cell module and the anti-collision member provided by one embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a cell module and an anti-collision member provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a cell module and an anti-collision member provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of plane A of FIG. 2 provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two), similarly, “multiple groups” refers to two or more groups (including two), and “multiple pieces” refers to More than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydraulic, thermal, wind and solar power plants, but also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric vehicles, as well as military equipment and aerospace and other fields . With the continuous expansion of power battery application fields, its market demand is also constantly expanding.
  • the battery module disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used in electric devices such as vehicles, ships or aircrafts, but not limited to.
  • the power system composed of the battery module disclosed in this application can be used to form the power device, which is beneficial to protect the battery cells in the battery module and improve the crush resistance and impact resistance of the battery module.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electric device using a battery module as a power source.
  • the electric device can be, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a notebook computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, etc.
  • electric toys may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys, electric airplane toys, etc.
  • spacecraft may include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • a vehicle 1000 as an electric device according to an embodiment of the present application is taken as an example for description.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle.
  • the interior of the vehicle 1000 is provided with a battery module 100 , and the battery module 100 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery module 100 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery module 100 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300 , the controller 200 is used to control the battery module 100 to supply power to the motor 300 , for example, for starting, navigating and running the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery module 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 instead of or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas.
  • FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 respectively show a perspective view of the battery module 100 provided by one embodiment of the present application, an exploded view of the battery module 100 provided by one of the embodiments of the present application, and a side A of FIG. 2 Sectional view.
  • the battery module 100 includes a battery module 10 , an anti-collision frame 20 and an anti-collision member 40 .
  • the cell module 10 includes a first surface 11 , a second surface 12 , a first side 13 , a second side 14 and a third side 15 .
  • the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 are arranged oppositely, the first side 13 is connected with the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 respectively, the second side 14 is connected with the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 respectively, and the third side 15 respectively connected to the first surface 11 and the second surface 12, the second side 14 is respectively connected to the first side 13 and the third side 15, the first side 13 and the third side 15 are oppositely arranged, and the battery module 10 is provided with poles
  • the post 16 , the pole post 16 is disposed on the first side 13 and/or the third side 15 .
  • the anti-collision frame 20 is provided with a receiving space 21 in which the cell module 10 is accommodated, and there is a gap 30 between the first side 13 and/or the third side 15 provided with the pole 16 and the anti-collision frame 20 .
  • the anti-collision member 40 is arranged in the gap 30, and one side of the anti-collision member 40 abuts against the inner surface of the anti-collision frame 20, and the other side of the anti-collision member 40 abuts against the first side 13 and/or the third side where the pole 16 is provided.
  • the side surface 15 is connected to an end portion of one end of the second side surface 14 .
  • the anti-collision frame 20 of a kind of cushioning and energy-absorbing structure at this moment, the anti-collision frame 20 is first subjected to the impact force produced by extrusion or impact, and under the effect of the impact force, the anti-collision frame 20 collapses and performs the first Step cushioning and energy absorption. Secondly, on the one hand, the anti-collision piece 40 can perform another step of energy absorption; One side 13 and/or the third side 15 are connected to one end of the second side 14 . As for the cell module 10 , the end portion where the first side 13 and the second side 14 are connected has better force bearing capacity.
  • the battery module 10 is also provided with an explosion-proof valve 17, which is used as a pressure relief device. side 13 and/or third side 15 . Therefore, the anti-collision frame 20 and the anti-collision member 40 can successively withstand the impact force generated by external extrusion or impact, so as to protect the pole 16 and the explosion-proof valve 17 . It should be noted that when the pole 16 or the explosion-proof valve 17 is damaged by extrusion or impact, the battery module 10 will experience thermal runaway due to the damage of the pole 16 or the explosion-proof valve 17, which will further cause the battery module 10 to burn.
  • the pole 16 is arranged on the cell module 10, and the anti-collision member 40 is arranged between the cell module 10 and the anti-collision frame 20, so that the anti-collision frame 20 and the anti-collision member 40 can successively withstand external
  • the impact force generated by extrusion or impact is used to protect the pole 16 and the explosion-proof valve 17.
  • the battery cell module 10 in FIG. 3 schematically includes only one battery cell. Those skilled in the art can understand that the battery cell module 10 can also include multiple battery cells, including multiple When a single battery cell is used, its poles are arranged on the first side 13 and/or the third side 15 .
  • FIGS. 5-6 show a perspective view of the cell module 10 and the anti-collision member 40 provided by one embodiment of the present application.
  • the anti-collision member 40 includes a plurality of anti-collision blocks arranged at intervals.
  • the plurality of anti-collision blocks include a first anti-collision block 41 , a second anti-collision block 42 , a third anti-collision block 43 and a fourth anti-collision block 44 .
  • the same side is provided with the first anti-collision block 41, the second anti-collision block 42, the third anti-collision block 43 and the fourth anti-collision block 44, that is, in one case, the first side 13 is provided with the first anti-collision block Collision block 41, the second anti-collision block 42, the third anti-collision block 43 and the fourth anti-collision block 44; in another case, the third side 15 is provided with the first anti-collision block 41, the second anti-collision block 42 , the third anti-collision block 43 and the fourth anti-collision block 44;
  • Four anti-collision blocks 44 , and the third side 15 is provided with a first anti-collision block 41 , a second anti-c
  • the first anti-collision block 41 is located at the side of the first side 13 and/or the third side 15 connected to the second side 14 near the first surface 11, and the second anti-collision block 42 is located at the first side 13 and/or the second side 14.
  • the three sides 15 are connected to one end of the second side 14 close to the side of the second surface 12 .
  • the third anti-collision block 43 is located on the first side 13 and/or the third side 15 is connected to the other end of the second side 14 on the side close to the first surface 11, and the fourth anti-collision block 44 is located on the first side 13 and/or
  • the third side 15 is connected to the other end of the second side 14 near the second surface 12 .
  • the first anti-collision block 41, the second anti-collision block 42, the third anti-collision block 43 and the fourth anti-collision block 44 are respectively arranged on the four corners of one side of the pole 16, so that the pole 16 And the explosion-proof valve 17 need not be directly subjected to the impact force from the anti-collision frame 20, so as to protect the pole 16 and the explosion-proof valve 17.
  • first anti-collision block 41, the second anti-collision block 42, the third anti-collision block 43 and the fourth anti-collision block 44 are all arranged in the shape of a rectangular block, and in some other embodiments, also It can be cylindrical, or extend along the outer edge of the first side 13 and/or the third side 15 to form an "L" shape and be arranged at the corner.
  • This patent does not limit the specific shape of the anti-collision block.
  • one end of the first side 13 connected to the second side 14 is close to the side of the first surface 11, and the first side 13 is connected to the second side.
  • One end of the side surface 14 is close to the side of the second surface 12 and can withstand a higher pressure than the middle area away from the above two sides.
  • the first anti-collision block 41 and the second anti-collision block 42 are respectively arranged at the bending moment
  • the third anti-collision block 43 and the fourth anti-collision block 44 are respectively arranged on the two sides away from the second side 14 with a smaller bending moment.
  • the first anti-collision block 41 , the second anti-collision block 42 , the third anti-collision block 43 and the fourth anti-collision block 44 can also partially extend to the second side 14 , thereby further improving the stability of the battery module 100 . Impact resistance in more directions.
  • FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of the cell module 10 and the anti-collision member 40 provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • the plurality of anti-collision blocks may further include a first anti-collision beam 45 and a second anti-collision beam 46, at least one first anti-collision beam 45 and at least one second anti-collision beam 46 are located on the same side.
  • the first anti-collision beam 45 is located at the end of the first side 13 and/or the third side 15 connected to the second side 14, and the second anti-collision beam 46 is located at the first side 13 and/or the third side 15 is connected to the end of the second side 14.
  • the first anti-collision beam 45 and the second anti-collision beam 46 are arranged at intervals.
  • the first anti-collision beam 45 extends along the edge line where the first side 13 and/or the third side 15 are connected to the second side 14, and one end of the first anti-collision beam 45 is arranged at an end close to the first surface 11, and the second side
  • the other end of an anti-collision beam 45 is provided with an end close to the second surface 12;
  • the second anti-collision beam 46 extends along the first side 13 and/or the third side 15 away from the edge of the second side 14, and the second anti-collision beam
  • One end of the second anti-collision beam 46 is disposed near the end of the first surface 11
  • the other end of the second anti-collision beam 46 is disposed near the end of the second surface 12 .
  • the first anti-collision beam 45 and the second anti-collision beam 46 can further disperse the impact force to more areas, thereby preventing excessive local stress on the surface of the cell module 10 . It can be understood that the first anti-collision beam 45 and the second anti-collision beam 46 can also partially extend to the second side 14 , so as to further improve the impact resistance of the battery module 100 in more directions.
  • FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of the cell module 10 and the anti-collision member 40 provided in another embodiment of the present application in combination with other drawings.
  • the anti-collision member 40 includes a frame-type anti-collision block 47 disposed along the edge of the first side 13 and/or the third side 15 . Therefore, the edge of the frame-type anti-collision block 47 coincides with the edge of the first side 13 and/or the third side 15 , so that there is a gap between the anti-collision frame 20 and the first side 13 and/or the third side 15 .
  • At least one connecting beam 48 is also provided in the middle area of the first side 13 and/or the third side 15 to enhance the force bearing capacity of the frame type anti-collision block 47, wherein the connecting beam 48 is connected to the first side 13 and/or Or the side of the third side 15 connected to the second side 14 is parallel, so that the frame of the frame-type anti-collision block 47 is in a grid shape. It can be understood that the frame-type anti-collision block 47 can also partially extend to the second side 14 , so as to further improve the impact resistance of the battery module 100 in more directions.
  • the anti-collision member 40 is made of insulating material. Through this design, when the battery module 100 is deformed due to extrusion, it can be insulated by the anti-collision member 40 to prevent secondary hazards such as electric shock.
  • the anti-collision member 40 and the insulating layer can also be provided at the same time, that is to say, the battery module 100 also includes an insulating layer, and the insulating layer is arranged between the cell module 10 and the anti-collision member 40, Or, the insulating layer is disposed between the anti-collision member 40 and the anti-collision frame 20 .
  • the insulating layer can be a structure such as an insulating gasket or an insulating shell, for example, an insulating gasket is added between the cell module 10 and the anti-collision member 40, or an insulating gasket is added between the anti-collision member 40 and the anti-collision frame 20 or Insulated housing.
  • the composite busbars can be connected between the batteries and other batteries, so that the batteries can be connected in series with other batteries or connected in parallel.
  • the connection between the battery cell and the composite busbar is usually welded, and the insulation structure is between the composite busbar and the anti-collision frame 20, so that when the battery module 100 is hit, the insulation layer is between the cell module 10 and the anti-collision frame 20. Insulate between them, so as to reduce or avoid the short circuit of the composite busbar in the battery module 100 to a certain extent, and improve the safety of the battery module 100 .
  • the battery module 100 includes at least two sets of cell modules 10
  • the cell modules 10 include the following two configuration methods.
  • FIG. 2 in combination with other drawings:
  • Two sets of cell modules 10 are arranged side by side along the first direction X or stacked along the second direction Y, and the poles 16 are all arranged on the first side 13 .
  • the battery module 100 including this arrangement of the cell module 10 it is sufficient to arrange the anti-collision member 40 in the gap 30 as described above.
  • Two sets of battery modules 10 are arranged side by side along the first direction X or stacked along the second direction Y, and the pole 16 of one of the battery modules 10 is arranged on the first side 13, and the other battery module 10 The poles 16 of the set 10 are disposed on the third side 15 .
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides the following solution: there are gaps 30 on the first side 13 and the third side 15, corresponding to the first side 13 and the third side 15 Anti-collision members 40 are provided in the gaps, so that the battery module 100 can pass through the The bumper 40 absorbs or cushions, thereby protecting the pole 16 .
  • FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of plane A of FIG. 2 provided by other embodiments of the present application in combination with other drawings.
  • the battery module 100 includes at least four sets of battery modules 10, one battery module 10 and another battery module 10 are arranged side by side along the third direction Z, and the other battery module 10 and another battery module
  • the group 10 is stacked along the second direction Y, one cell module 10 and another cell module 10 are stacked along the second direction Y, and another cell module 10 and another cell module 10 are stacked along the third direction Y.
  • the directions Z are set side by side.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides the following solution: there are gaps 30 on the first side 13 and the third side 15, and in the corresponding gaps of the first side 13 and the third side 15 Both are equipped with anti-collision members 40, so that when the battery module 100 is subjected to an impact force from the first side 13 or the third side 15, or is squeezed from the first side 13 and the third side 15, it can pass through the anti-collision
  • the member 40 absorbs or cushions, thereby protecting the pole 16.
  • first direction X is perpendicular to the second direction Y
  • second direction Y is perpendicular to the third direction Z
  • third direction Z is perpendicular to the first direction X, so that the first direction X, the second direction Y and The third direction Z constitutes a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system.
  • the crash frame 20 includes a first side frame 22 and a second side frame 23 .
  • the first side frame 22 is mounted on a side of the first side 13 away from the third side 15
  • the second side frame 23 is mounted on a side of the third side 15 away from the first side 13 .
  • the first side frame 22 includes a first longitudinal beam 221 , a second longitudinal beam 222 and at least one first cross beam 223 , the second longitudinal beam 222 is in contact with the anti-collision member 40 or the first side 13 A longitudinal beam 221 is oppositely arranged, and the first longitudinal beam 221 is arranged away from the anti-collision member 40.
  • One end of the first transverse beam 223 is connected to the first longitudinal beam 221, and the other end of the first transverse beam 223 is connected to the second longitudinal beam 222, and the second longitudinal beam 223 is connected to the second longitudinal beam 222.
  • An included angle exists between a horizontal beam 223 and the first longitudinal beam 221 or the second longitudinal beam 222 .
  • the included angle between the first beam 223 and the first longitudinal beam 221 and the second longitudinal beam 222 can be any angle from 0° to 90°, wherein, in this embodiment, the first beam 223 and the second The included angle between the first longitudinal beam 221 or the second longitudinal beam 222 is 90°.
  • the first longitudinal beam 221 , the second longitudinal beam 222 and at least one first cross beam 223 of the first side frame 22 form a buffer space to enhance the force bearing capacity of the anti-collision frame 20 .
  • the second side frame 23 includes a third longitudinal beam 231 , a fourth longitudinal beam 232 and at least one second cross beam 233 , the fourth longitudinal beam 232 abuts against the third side 15 of the anti-collision member 40 , the fourth longitudinal beam 232 and the third
  • the longitudinal beam 231 is oppositely arranged, the third longitudinal beam 231 is arranged away from the third side 15, one end of the second transverse beam 233 is connected with the third longitudinal beam 231, the other end of the second transverse beam 233 is connected with the fourth longitudinal beam 232, and the second transverse beam 233 is connected with the fourth longitudinal beam 232.
  • the included angle between the cross beam 233 and the third longitudinal beam 231 or the fourth longitudinal beam 232 there is an included angle between the cross beam 233 and the third longitudinal beam 231 or the fourth longitudinal beam 232 .
  • the included angle between the second beam 233 and the third longitudinal beam 231 and the fourth longitudinal beam 232 can be any angle from 0° to 90°, wherein, in this embodiment, the second beam 233 and the fourth The included angle between the three longitudinal beams 231 or the fourth longitudinal beam 232 is 90°.
  • the third longitudinal beam 231 , the fourth longitudinal beam 232 and at least one second cross beam 233 of the second side frame 23 form a buffer space to enhance the force bearing capacity of the anti-collision frame 20 .
  • the anti-collision frame 20 also includes a first cover plate 24, a second cover plate 25 and two third cover plates 26, one end of the first cover plate 24 is connected with the first side frame 22, and the other end of the first cover plate 24 is connected with the first side frame 22.
  • the second side frame 23 is connected; one end of the second cover plate 25 is connected with the first side frame 22, and the other end of the second cover plate 25 is connected with the second side frame 23, so that the first side frame 22, the second side frame 23.
  • the first cover plate 24 and the second cover plate 25 jointly enclose the storage space 21; the two third cover plates 26 are oppositely arranged, and the third cover plate 26 is simultaneously connected with the first side frame 22, the second side frame 23,
  • the first cover 24 is connected to the second cover 25 to prevent the cell module 10 from sliding out of the storage space 21 , increase the airtightness of the storage space 21 , and improve the stability and safety of the battery module 100 .
  • the present application also provides an electric device, not shown in the figure, including the battery module 100 described in any of the above solutions.
  • the present application provides a battery module 100 .
  • the battery module 100 includes a battery module 10 , an anti-collision frame 20 and an anti-collision member 40 .
  • the cell module 10 includes a first surface 11 , a second surface 12 , a first side 13 , a second side 14 and a third side 15 .
  • the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 are arranged oppositely, the first side 13 is connected with the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 respectively, the second side 14 is connected with the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 respectively, and the third side 15 respectively connected to the first surface 11 and the second surface 12, the second side 14 is respectively connected to the first side 13 and the third side 15, the first side 13 and the third side 15 are oppositely arranged, and the battery module 10 is provided with poles
  • the post 16 , the pole post 16 is disposed on the first side 13 and/or the third side 15 .
  • the anti-collision frame 20 is provided with a receiving space 21 in which the cell module 10 is accommodated, and there is a gap 30 between the first side 13 and/or the third side 15 provided with the pole 16 and the anti-collision frame 20 .
  • the anti-collision member 40 is arranged in the gap 30, and one side of the anti-collision member 40 abuts against the inner surface of the anti-collision frame 20, and the other side of the anti-collision member 40 abuts against the first side 13 and/or the third side where the pole 16 is provided.
  • the side surface 15 is connected to an end portion of one end of the second side surface 14 .
  • the cell module 10 is accommodated in the accommodation space 21 of the anti-collision frame 20 , and the anti-collision member 40 is disposed in the gap 30 between the cell module 10 and the anti-collision frame 20 .
  • the anti-collision frame 20 is first subjected to the impact force, and by crushing the anti-collision frame 20, the anti-collision frame 20 can absorb the energy generated by the impact force, and then pass the remaining energy through the anti-collision frame 20.
  • the striker 40 is delivered to the end of the first side 13 and/or the third side 15 of the cell module 10 connected to the second side 14 .
  • the energy brought by the impact force can be dispersed to the first side 13 and the second side 14, improving the battery module 100. To prevent the impact force from directly crushing the cell module 10 and causing an explosion.

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

本申请实施例涉及电子元件制造技术领域，特别是涉及一种电池模组及用电设备。其中，电池模组（100）包括电芯模组（10）、防撞框架（20）以及防撞件（40）。电芯模组（10）包括第一表面（11）、第二表面（12）、第一侧面（13）、第二侧面（14）和第三侧面（15），第一表面（11）和第二表面（12）相对设置，第一侧面（13）、第二侧面（14）和第三侧面（15）均单独与第一表面（11）和第二表面（12）连接，第二侧面（14）分别与第一侧面（13）和第三侧面连接，第一侧面（13）和第三侧面（15）相对设置，电芯模组（10）设有极柱（16），极柱（16）设置于第一侧面（13）和/或第三侧面（15）。防撞框架（20）设有收容电芯模组（10）的收容空间（21），第一侧面（13）和/或第三侧面（15）与防撞框架（20）之间具有空隙（30）。防撞件（40）设置于空隙（30），并且防撞件（40）一侧抵接防撞框架（20）的内表面，防撞件（40）另一侧抵接于设有极柱（16）的第一侧面（13）和/或第三侧面（15）连接于第二侧面（14）的端部。以提高安全性。

Description

电池模组及用电设备
本申请要求于2022年01月17日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为202220117815.8、申请名称为“电池模组及用电设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及电子元件制造技术领域，特别是涉及一种电池模组及用电设备。
 背景技术
作为交通工具的汽车，每天要排放大量的碳、氮、硫的氧化物、碳氢化合物、铅化物等多种大气污染物，是重要的大气污染发生源，对人体健康和生态环境带来严重的危害。而目前，以电能为动力的新能源汽车逐步占据汽车市场，从而缓解这些污染物对环境造成的污染。
新能源汽车为了保证其高续航能力，从而使用了能量密度较高的锂电池作为能源，锂电池是一类由锂金属或锂合金为正和/或负极材料、使用非水电解质溶液的电池。
而新能源汽车作为一台载人载具，其安全性能则为重中之重。电池在受到挤压或者撞击时容易发生起火或者***，十分危险。所以无论是车体对于人体的直接保护，还是车体对于锂电池的保护从而间接保护人体，都决定了新能源汽车的安全性能。
 技术问题
鉴于上述问题，本申请实施例旨在提供一种电池模组及用电设备，以改善目前电池在受到挤压或者撞击时容易发生起火或者***的现状。
 技术解决方案
本申请实施例采用的技术方案是：
第一方面，本申请提供了一种电池模组，包括电芯模组、防撞框架以及防撞件。电芯模组包括第一表面、第二表面、第一侧面、第二侧面和第三侧面。第一表面和第二表面相对设置，第一侧面分别与第一表面和第二表面连接，第二侧面分别与第一表面和第二表面连接，第三侧面分别与第一表面和第二表面连接，第二侧面分别与第一侧面和第三侧面连接，第一侧面和第三侧面相对设置，电芯模组设有极柱，极柱设置于第一侧面和/或第三侧面。防撞框架设有收容空间，电芯模组收容于收容空间，设有极柱的第一侧面和/或第三侧面与防撞框架之间具有空隙。防撞件设置于空隙，并且防撞件一侧抵接防撞框架的内表面，防撞件另一侧抵接于设有极柱的第一侧面和/或第三侧面连接于第二侧面的端部。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，电芯模组收容于防撞框架的收容空间内，防撞件设置于电芯模组和防撞框架之间的空隙内。当电池模组受到挤压或者冲击时，防撞框架首先受到冲击力，通过压溃防撞框架，使得防撞框架能够吸收冲击力所产生的能量，然后将剩余的能量通过防撞件传递至电芯模组设有极柱的第一侧面和/或第三侧面连接于第二侧面的一端的端部。由于端部位于电芯模组的第一侧面和/或第三侧面和第二侧面的连接处，可以将冲击力所带来的能量分散至两侧面，提高了电池模组的受力能力，防止冲击力直接压溃电芯模组发生***。
在一些实施例中，防撞件包括间隔设置的多个防撞块。这种设计可以使得电池模组受到的冲击力通过多个防撞块进行传递进而分散，从而防止压溃极柱造成燃烧或者***。
在一些实施例中，多个防撞块包括间隔设置的第一防撞块、第二防撞块、第三防撞块和第四防撞块。第一防撞块位于第一侧面和/或第三侧面连接于第二侧面的一端靠近第一表面的一侧，第二防撞块位于第一侧面和/或第三侧面连接于第二侧面的一端靠近第二表面的一侧。第三防撞块位于第一侧面和/或第三侧面连接于第二侧面的另一端靠近第一表面的一侧，第四防撞块位于第一侧面和/或第三侧面连接于第二侧面的另一端靠近第二表面的一侧。这种设计可以使得电池模组受到的冲击力可以自防撞框架沿第一防撞块、第二防撞块、第三防撞块和第四防撞块传递，从而防止压溃极柱造成燃烧或者***。
在一些实施例中，多个防撞块包括第一防撞梁和第二防撞梁，第一防撞梁位于第一侧面和/或第三侧面连接于第二侧面的一端的端部，第二防撞梁位于第一侧面和/或第三侧面连接于第二侧面的另一端的端部，第一防撞梁和第二防撞梁间隔设置。这种设计可以使得电池模组受到的冲击力可以自防撞框架沿第一防撞梁和第二防撞梁传递，从而防止压溃极柱造成燃烧或者***。
在一些实施例中，防撞件包括框架型防撞块，框架型防撞块沿第一侧面和/或第三侧面的边缘设置。这种设计可以使得电池模组受到的冲击力可以自防撞框架沿框架型防撞块传递，从而防止压溃极柱造成燃烧或者***。
在一些实施例中，防撞件使用绝缘材料制成。这种设计可以进一步提高电池模组的安全性，防止在防撞框架压溃时，漏电。
在一些实施例中，电池模组还包括绝缘结构，绝缘结构设置于电芯模组与防撞件之间，或，绝缘结构设置于防撞件与防撞框架之间。如此设计，使得在电池模组受到撞击时，绝缘结构在电芯模组与防撞框架之间起到绝缘作用，在一定程度上减轻或避免电池模组出现短路情况，提高电池模组的安全性。
在一些实施例中，防撞框架包括第一侧架和第二侧架，第一侧架安装于第一侧面远离第三侧面的一侧，第二侧架安装于第三侧面远离第一侧面的一侧。通过在电芯模组两侧设置第一侧架和第二侧架，在电池模组受到挤压或者冲击时，第一侧架和第二侧架先受力被压溃，从而吸收冲击或者挤压带来的能量，以保护电芯模组。
在一些实施例中，防撞框架还包括第一盖板和第二盖板，第一盖板的一端与第一侧架连接，第一盖板的另一端与第二侧架连接；第二盖板的一端与第一侧架连接，第二盖板的另一端与第二侧架连接；第一侧架、第二侧架、第一盖板和第二盖板共同围合成收容空间。这种设计可以提升第一侧架和第二侧架的稳定性，还可以将第一侧架或者第二侧架受到的冲击力，沿第一盖板和第二盖板传递至另一侧架，从而提高防撞框架的抗冲击能力。
在一些实施例中，第一侧架包括第一纵梁、第二纵梁以及至少一个第一横梁，第二纵梁与防撞件或者第一侧面抵接，第二纵梁和第一纵梁相对设置，第一纵梁远离防撞件设置，第一横梁的一端与第一纵梁连接，第一横梁的另一端与第二纵梁连接，并且第一横梁与第一纵梁或者第二纵梁之间均存在夹角。通过在第一纵梁和第二纵梁之间设置第一横梁，从而使得第一侧架具有更强的抗冲击抗挤压能力。
在一些实施例中，第二侧架包括第三纵梁、第四纵梁以及至少一个第二横梁，第四纵梁与防撞件或者第三侧面抵接，第四纵梁和第三纵梁相对设置，第三纵梁远离第三侧面设置，第二横梁的一端与第三纵梁连接，第二横梁的另一端与第四纵梁连接，并且第二横梁与第三纵梁和第四纵梁之间均存在夹角。通过在第三纵梁和第四纵梁之间设置第二横梁，从而使得第一侧架具有更强的抗冲击抗挤压能力。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供一种用电设备，其包括上述电池模组。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请具体实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施例作简单地介绍。在所有附图中，类似的元件或部分一般由类似的附图标记标识。附图中，各元件或部分并不一定按照实际的比例绘制。显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请其中一实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2是本申请其中一实施例提供的电池模组的立体图；
图3是本申请其中一实施例提供的电池模组的分解图；
图4是本申请提供的图2的A面的截面图；
图5是本申请其中一实施例提供的电芯模组和防撞件的立体图；
图6是本申请另一实施例提供的电芯模组和防撞件的立体图；
图7是本申请再一实施例提供的电芯模组和防撞件的立体图；
图8是本申请另一些实施例提供的图2的A面的截面图。
具体实施方式中的附图标号如下：
1000、车辆；100、电池模组；200、控制器；300、马达；
10、电芯模组；11、第一表面；12、第二表面；13、第一侧面；14、第二侧面；15、第三侧面；16、极柱；17、防爆阀；20、防撞框架；21、收容空间；22、第一侧架；221、第一纵梁；222、第二纵梁；223、第一横梁；23、第二侧架；231、第三纵梁；232、第四纵梁；233、第二横梁；24、第一盖板；25、第二盖板；26、第三盖板；30、空隙；40、防撞件；41、第一防撞块；42、第二防撞块；43、第三防撞块；44、第四防撞块；45、第一防撞梁；46、第二防撞梁；47、框架型防撞块；48、连接梁；X、第一方向；Y、第二方向；Z、第三方向。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上（包括两个），同理，“多组”指的是两组以上（包括两组），“多片”指的是两片以上（包括两片）。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，动力电池的应用越加广泛。动力电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源***，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着动力电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
以电动汽车为例，本发明人注意到，在电动汽车使用过程中如果发生碰撞等高能量事故，可能会导致锂离子电池发生严重的形变，从而造成锂离子电池发生内部短路等严重的安全问题。在锂离子电池发生内部短路时，整个电池组中的大量能量会在短时间内通过短路点进行释放，从而引起局部温度快速升高，继而引起正负极活性物质、电解液等分解，导致锂离子电池发生热失控。而热失控产生的高温会烧毁电池，即便是没有发生热失控，局部的高温仍然会将集流体、隔膜等部分融化，从而引发电池自燃或者***，威胁到人身安全。
本申请实施例公开的电池模组可以但不限用于车辆、船舶或飞行器等用电装置中。可以使用具备本申请公开的电池模组等组成该用电装置的电源***，这样，有利于保护电池模组内的电芯，提升电池模组的抗挤压和抗撞击能力。
本申请实施例提供一种使用电池模组作为电源的用电装置，用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中，电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以本申请一实施例的一种用电装置为车辆1000为例进行说明。
请参阅图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池模组100，电池模组100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池模组100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池模组100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池模组100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池模组100不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参阅图2至图4，其分别示出了本申请其中一实施例提供的电池模组100的立体图、本申请其中一实施例提供的电池模组100的分解图以及图2的A面的截面图。电池模组100包括电芯模组10、防撞框架20以及防撞件40。电芯模组10包括第一表面11、第二表面12、第一侧面13、第二侧面14和第三侧面15。第一表面11和第二表面12相对设置，第一侧面13分别与第一表面11和第二表面12连接，第二侧面14分别与第一表面11和第二表面12连接，第三侧面15分别与第一表面11和第二表面12连接，第二侧面14分别与第一侧面13和第三侧面15连接，第一侧面13和第三侧面15相对设置，电芯模组10设有极柱16，极柱16设置于第一侧面13和/或第三侧面15。防撞框架20设有收容空间21，电芯模组10收容于收容空间21，设有极柱16的第一侧面13和/或第三侧面15与防撞框架20之间具有空隙30。防撞件40设置于空隙30，并且防撞件40一侧抵接防撞框架20内表面，防撞件40另一侧抵接于设有极柱16的第一侧面13和/或第三侧面15连接于第二侧面14的一端的端部。
可以理解的是，这种设计使得当车辆1000受到挤压或者撞击时，这种挤压或者撞击会使得电池模组100发生形变。而作为一种缓冲和吸能结构的防撞框架20，此时，防撞框架20首先受到挤压或者撞击产生的冲击力，在冲击力的作用下，防撞框架20溃缩，进行第一步缓冲和吸能。其次，防撞件40一方面可以进行再一步吸能，另一方面，通过防撞件40与防撞框架20的连接，将剩余的能量从防撞件40传递至设有极柱16的第一侧面13和/或第三侧面15连接于第二侧面14的一端的端部。而对于电芯模组10来说，其第一侧面13和第二侧面14连接的端部的受力能力较好。因为第一侧面13和第二侧面14连接的端部相较于背离端部的中部区域的弯矩相对较大，受力性能较强。值得一提的是，电芯模组10还设有防爆阀17，防爆阀17用作泄压装置，防爆阀17与极柱16相邻设置，并且均设置于电芯模组10的第一侧面13和/或第三侧面15。从而使得防撞框架20和防撞件40可以先后承受外部挤压或者撞击产生的冲击力，以保护极柱16和防爆阀17。需要说明的是，当极柱16或者防爆阀17受到挤压或者冲击而损坏时，电芯模组10会由于极柱16或者防爆阀17损坏而发生热失控，进一步造成电芯模组10燃烧或者***。即是，极柱16设置于电芯模组10上，而防撞件40设置于电芯模组10和防撞框架20之间，从而使得防撞框架20和防撞件40可以先后承受外部挤压或者撞击产生的冲击力，以保护极柱16和防爆阀17。为了便于描述，图3中的电芯模组10示意性地仅包含一个电芯单体，本领域技术人员可以理解，所述电芯模组10也可以包含多个电芯单体，包含多个电芯单体时，其极柱被设置于第一侧面13和/或第三侧面15上。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图5-6并结合其他附图，其示出了本申请其中一实施例提供的电芯模组10和防撞件40的立体图。防撞件40包括间隔设置的多个防撞块。
具体地，多个防撞块包括第一防撞块41、第二防撞块42、第三防撞块43和第四防撞块44。同一侧面同时设置有第一防撞块41、第二防撞块42、第三防撞块43和第四防撞块44，也即在一种情况中，第一侧面13设置有第一防撞块41、第二防撞块42、第三防撞块43和第四防撞块44；另一种情况中，第三侧面15设置有第一防撞块41、第二防撞块42、第三防撞块43和第四防撞块44；在又一种情况中，第一侧面13设置有第一防撞块41、第二防撞块42、第三防撞块43和第四防撞块44，且第三侧面15设置有第一防撞块41、第二防撞块42、第三防撞块43和第四防撞块44。第一防撞块41位于第一侧面13和/或第三侧面15连接于第二侧面14的一端靠近第一表面11的一侧，第二防撞块42位于第一侧面13和/或第三侧面15连接于第二侧面14的一端靠近第二表面12的一侧。第三防撞块43位于第一侧面13和/或第三侧面15连接于第二侧面14的另一端靠近第一表面11的一侧，第四防撞块44位于第一侧面13和/或第三侧面15连接于第二侧面14的另一端靠近第二表面12的一侧。即是，第一防撞块41、第二防撞块42、第三防撞块43和第四防撞块44分别设置于设有极柱16的一侧面的四边角，从而使得极柱16和防爆阀17无需直接受到来自于防撞框架20的冲击力，以保护极柱16和防爆阀17。值得一提的是，第一防撞块41、第二防撞块42、第三防撞块43和第四防撞块44均呈矩形块状设置，而在其他的一些实施例中，还可以是圆柱状，或者沿第一侧面13和/或第三侧面15的外边缘延伸成“L”形设置于边角，本专利对防撞块的具体形状不做限定。
需要说明的是，对于电芯模组10来说，电芯模组10，第一侧面13连接于第二侧面14的一端靠近第一表面11的一侧，以及第一侧面13连接于第二侧面14的一端靠近第二表面12的一侧，所能承受的压力大于背离上述两侧的中部区域。其原因是，电芯模组10背离上述两侧的中部区域的弯矩大于上述两侧，故容易受压变形，所以将第一防撞块41和第二防撞块42分别设置于弯矩较小的两侧边，同理第三防撞块43和第四防撞块44分别设置于远离第二侧面14的弯矩较小的两侧边。可以理解的是，第一防撞块41、第二防撞块42、第三防撞块43和第四防撞块44还可以部分延伸至第二侧面14，从而进一步提高电池模组100的在更多方向上的抗冲击能力。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图6并结合其他附图，其示出了本申请另一实施例提供的电芯模组10和防撞件40的立体图。多个防撞块还可以包括第一防撞梁45和第二防撞梁46，至少一个第一防撞梁45和至少一个第二防撞梁46位于同一个侧面。第一防撞梁45位于第一侧面13和/或第三侧面15连接于第二侧面14的一端的端部，第二防撞梁46位于第一侧面13和/或第三侧面15连接于第二侧面14的另一端的端部，第一防撞梁45和第二防撞梁46间隔设置。具体地，第一防撞梁45沿第一侧面13和/或第三侧面15连接于第二侧面14的边线延伸，第一防撞梁45的一端设置于靠近第一表面11的一端，第一防撞梁45的另一端设置与靠近第二表面12的一端；第二防撞梁46沿第一侧面13和/或第三侧面15远离第二侧面14的边线延伸，第二防撞梁46的一端设置于靠近第一表面11的一端，第二防撞梁46的另一端设置与靠近第二表面12的一端。从而使得当防撞框架20压溃时，第一防撞梁45和第二防撞梁46可以将冲击力进一步分散给更多的区域，从而防止电芯模组10表面局部应力过大。可以理解的是，第一防撞梁45和第二防撞梁46还可以部分延伸至第二侧面14，从而进一步提高电池模组100的在更多方向上的抗冲击能力。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图7并结合其他附图，其示出了本申请再一实施例提供的电芯模组10和防撞件40的立体图。防撞件40包括框架型防撞块47，框架型防撞块47沿第一侧面13和/或第三侧面15的边缘设置。从而使得框架型防撞块47的边缘与第一侧面13和/或第三侧面15的边缘重合，以使防撞框架20与该第一侧面13和/或第三侧面15之间具有空隙。并且于第一侧面13和/或第三侧面15的中部区域还设有至少一个连接梁48，以增强框架型防撞块47的受力能力，其中，连接梁48与第一侧面13和/或第三侧面15连接于第二侧面14的侧边平行，以使框架型防撞块47的框架呈网格状。可以理解的是，框架型防撞块47还可以部分延伸至第二侧面14，从而进一步提高电池模组100的在更多方向上的抗冲击能力。
在本申请实施例中，防撞件40使用绝缘材料制成。通过这种设计，使得当电池模组100受到挤压发生形变时，可以通过防撞件40进行绝缘，防止触电等二次危害发生。
在一些实施例中，还可以是同时设置防撞件40和绝缘层，也即是说，电池模组100还包括绝缘层，绝缘层设置在电芯模组10与防撞件40之间，或，绝缘层设置于防撞件40与防撞框架20之间。绝缘层可以为绝缘垫片或绝缘外壳等结构，例如在电芯模组10和防撞件40之间增加绝缘垫片，或者在防撞件40与防撞框架20之间增加绝缘垫片或者绝缘外壳。在电芯模组10中设置有多个电芯和复合母排（busbar），复合母排可连接在电芯与其他的电芯之间，以使得电芯与其他的电芯之间进行串联或并联连接。电芯与复合母排之间通常为焊接连接，在复合母排与防撞框架20之间绝缘结构，使得在电池模组100受到撞击时，绝缘层在电芯模组10与防撞框架20之间起到绝缘作用，以在一定程度上减轻或避免电池模组100中的复合母排出现短路情况，提高电池模组100的安全性。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图7并参阅其他附图。当电池模组100包括至少两组电芯模组10时，电芯模组10包括以下两种设置方式，具体请复阅图2并结合其他附图：
（1）两组电芯模组10沿第一方向X并排设置或者沿第二方向Y叠置，并且极柱16均设置于第一侧面13。对于包括这种电芯模组10设置方式的电池模组100，上述在空隙30中设置防撞件40即可。
（2）两组电芯模组10沿第一方向X并排设置或者沿第二方向Y叠置，并且其中一个电芯模组10的极柱16设置于第一侧面13，另一个电芯模组10的极柱16设置于第三侧面15。
对于上述第二种电芯模组10的设置方式，本申请实施例还提供以下方案：在第一侧面13和第三侧面15均具有空隙30，于第一侧面13和第三侧面15对应地空隙内均设有防撞件40，从而使得电池模组100在受到来自第一侧面13或第三侧面15的冲击力，或者来自第一侧面13和第三侧面15的挤压时，可以通过防撞件40吸收或者缓冲，从而保护极柱16。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图8，并结合其他附图，其示出了本申请另一些实施例提供的图2的A面的截面图。电池模组100包括至少四组电芯模组10时，一电芯模组10与另一电芯模组10沿第三方向Z并排设置，另一电芯模组10与又一电芯模组10沿第二方向Y堆叠设置，一电芯模组10与再一电芯模组10沿第二方向Y堆叠设置，再一电芯模组10与另一电芯模组10沿第三方向Z并排设置。对于这种电芯模组10的设置方式，本申请实施例还提供以下方案：在第一侧面13和第三侧面15均具有空隙30，于第一侧面13和第三侧面15对应地空隙内均设有防撞件40，从而使得电池模组100在受到来自第一侧面13或第三侧面15的冲击力，或者来自第一侧面13和第三侧面15的挤压时，可以通过防撞件40吸收或者缓冲，从而保护极柱16。需要说明的是，第一方向X与第二方向Y垂直，第二方向Y于第三方向Z垂直，第三方向Z于第一方向X垂直，以使第一方向X、第二方向Y和第三方向Z构成一立体直角坐标系。
对于上述防撞框架20，请参阅图3，并参阅其他附图。防撞框架20包括第一侧架22和第二侧架23。第一侧架22安装于第一侧面13远离第三侧面15的一侧，第二侧架23安装于第三侧面15远离第一侧面13的一侧。通过在电芯模组10的第一侧面13和第三侧面15设置第一侧架22和第二侧架23，从而增强电芯模组10的第一侧面13和第三侧面15的受力能力。
对于上述第一侧架22，请参阅图3，并参阅其他附图。第一侧架22包括第一纵梁221、第二纵梁222以及至少一个第一横梁223，第二纵梁222与防撞件40或者第一侧面13抵接，第二纵梁222和第一纵梁221相对设置，第一纵梁221远离防撞件40设置，第一横梁223的一端与第一纵梁221连接，第一横梁223的另一端与第二纵梁222连接，并且第一横梁223与第一纵梁221或者第二纵梁222之间均存在夹角。在一些实施例中，第一横梁223与第一纵梁221和第二纵梁222之间的夹角可以为0°至90°的任意角度，其中，本实施例中第一横梁223与第一纵梁221或者第二纵梁222之间的夹角为90°。第一侧架22的第一纵梁221、第二纵梁222以及至少一个第一横梁223构成缓冲空间，以增强防撞框架20的受力能力。
对于上述第二侧架23，请参阅图3，并参阅其他附图。第二侧架23包括第三纵梁231、第四纵梁232以及至少一个第二横梁233，第四纵梁232与防撞件40第三侧面15抵接，第四纵梁232和第三纵梁231相对设置，第三纵梁231远离第三侧面15设置，第二横梁233的一端与第三纵梁231连接，第二横梁233的另一端与第四纵梁232连接，并且第二横梁233与第三纵梁231或者第四纵梁232之间均存在夹角。在一些实施例中，第二横梁233与第三纵梁231和第四纵梁232之间的夹角可以为0°至90°的任意角度，其中，本实施例中第二横梁233与第三纵梁231或者第四纵梁232之间的夹角为90°。第二侧架23的第三纵梁231、第四纵梁232以及至少一个第二横梁233构成缓冲空间，以增强防撞框架20的受力能力。
在本申请实施例中，请参阅图3，并参阅其他附图。防撞框架20还包括第一盖板24和第二盖板25以及两个第三盖板26，第一盖板24的一端与第一侧架22连接，第一盖板24的另一端与第二侧架23连接；第二盖板25的一端与第一侧架22连接，第二盖板25的另一端与第二侧架23连接，从而使得第一侧架22、第二侧架23、第一盖板24和第二盖板25共同围合成收容空间21；两第三盖板26相对设置，并且第三盖板26均同时与第一侧架22、第二侧架23、第一盖板24和第二盖板25连接，防止电芯模组10滑出收容空间21，增加收容空间21的密闭性，提升电池模组100的稳定性和安全性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种用电设备，图未示，包括以上任一方案所述的电池模组100。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参阅图3，并结合其他附图。本申请提供了一种电池模组100。电池模组100包括电芯模组10、防撞框架20和防撞件40。电芯模组10包括第一表面11、第二表面12、第一侧面13、第二侧面14和第三侧面15。第一表面11和第二表面12相对设置，第一侧面13分别与第一表面11和第二表面12连接，第二侧面14分别与第一表面11和第二表面12连接，第三侧面15分别与第一表面11和第二表面12连接，第二侧面14分别与第一侧面13和第三侧面15连接，第一侧面13和第三侧面15相对设置，电芯模组10设有极柱16，极柱16设置于第一侧面13和/或第三侧面15。防撞框架20设有收容空间21，电芯模组10收容于收容空间21，设有极柱16的第一侧面13和/或第三侧面15与防撞框架20之间具有空隙30。防撞件40设置于空隙30，并且防撞件40一侧抵接防撞框架20内表面，防撞件40另一侧抵接于设有极柱16的第一侧面13和/或第三侧面15连接于第二侧面14的一端的端部。电芯模组10收容于防撞框架20的收容空间21内，防撞件40设置于电芯模组10和防撞框架20之间的空隙30内。当电池模组100受到挤压或者冲击时，防撞框架20首先受到冲击力，通过压溃防撞框架20，使得防撞框架20能够吸收冲击力所产生的能量，然后将剩余的能量通过防撞件40传递至电芯模组10第一侧面13和/或第三侧面15连接于第二侧面14的一端的端部。由于端部位于电芯模组10的第一侧面13和第二侧面14的连接处，可以将冲击力所带来的能量分散至第一侧面13和第二侧面14，提高了电池模组100的受力能力，防止冲击力直接压溃电芯模组10发生***。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种电池模组，其特征在于，包括：
    电芯模组，包括第一表面、第二表面、第一侧面、第二侧面和第三侧面，所述第一表面和第二表面相对设置，所述第一侧面分别与第一表面和第二表面连接，所述第二侧面分别与第一表面和第二表面连接，所述第三侧面分别与第一表面和第二表面连接，所述第二侧面分别与所述第一侧面和第三侧面连接，所述第一侧面和第三侧面相对设置，所述电芯模组设有极柱，所述极柱设置于所述第一侧面和/或第三侧面；
    防撞框架，设有收容空间，所述电芯模组收容于所述收容空间，设有所述极柱的所述第一侧面和/或第三侧面与所述防撞框架之间具有空隙；以及
    防撞件，所述防撞件设置于所述空隙，并且所述防撞件一侧抵接所述防撞框架的内表面，所述防撞件另一侧抵接于设有所述极柱的所述第一侧面和/或第三侧面连接于所述第二侧面的端部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述防撞件包括间隔设置的多个防撞块。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述多个防撞块包括第一防撞块、第二防撞块、第三防撞块和第四防撞块；
    所述第一防撞块位于所述第一侧面和/或所述第三侧面连接于第二侧面的一端靠近所述第一表面的一侧，所述第二防撞块位于所述第一侧面和/或所述第三侧面连接于第二侧面的一端靠近所述第二表面的一侧；
    所述第三防撞块位于所述第一侧面和/或所述第三侧面连接于所述第二侧面的另一端靠近所述第一表面的一侧，所述第四防撞块位于所述第一侧面和/或所述第三侧面连接于所述第二侧面的另一端靠近所述第二表面的一侧。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述多个防撞块包括第一防撞梁和第二防撞梁，所述第一防撞梁位于所述第一侧面和/或所述第三侧面连接于所述第二侧面的一端的端部，所述第二防撞梁位于所述第一侧面和/或所述第三侧面连接于所述第二侧面的另一端的端部，所述第一防撞梁和第二防撞梁间隔设置。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述防撞件包括框架型防撞块，所述框架型防撞块沿所述第一侧面和/或第三侧面的边缘设置。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的电池模组，其特征在于，
    所述防撞件使用绝缘材料制成。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6任一项所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述电池模组还包括绝缘层，
    所述绝缘层设置于所述电芯模组与所述防撞件之间，或，所述绝缘层设置于所述防撞件与所述防撞框架之间。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的电池模组，其特征在于，
    所述防撞框架包括第一侧架和第二侧架，所述第一侧架安装于所述第一侧面远离所述第三侧面的一侧，所述第二侧架安装于所述第三侧面远离所述第一侧面的一侧。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述防撞框架还包括第一盖板和第二盖板，所述第一盖板的一端与所述第一侧架连接，所述第一盖板的另一端与所述第二侧架连接；所述第二盖板的一端与所述第一侧架连接，所述第二盖板的另一端与所述第二侧架连接；所述第一侧架、第二侧架、第一盖板和第二盖板共同围合成收容空间。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的电池模组，其特征在于，
    所述第一侧架包括第一纵梁、第二纵梁以及至少一个第一横梁，所述第二纵梁与所述防撞件或者所述第一侧面抵接，所述第二纵梁和第一纵梁相对设置，所述第一纵梁远离所述防撞件设置，所述第一横梁的一端与所述第一纵梁连接，所述第一横梁的另一端与所述第二纵梁连接，并且所述第一横梁与所述第一纵梁或者第二纵梁之间均存在夹角。
  11. 根据权利要求8至10任一项所述的电池模组，其特征在于，
    所述第二侧架包括第三纵梁、第四纵梁以及至少一个第二横梁，所述第四纵梁与所述防撞件或者所述第三侧面抵接，所述第四纵梁和第三纵梁相对设置，所述第三纵梁远离所述第三侧面设置，所述第二横梁的一端与所述第三纵梁连接，所述第二横梁的另一端与所述第四纵梁连接，并且所述第二横梁与所述第三纵梁和第四纵梁之间均存在夹角。
  12. 一种用电设备，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至11中任意一项所述的电池模组。
PCT/CN2023/070669 2022-01-17 2023-01-05 电池模组及用电设备 WO2023134535A1 (zh)

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