WO2023134265A1 - Gas-cooled current lead and superconducting magnet system - Google Patents
Gas-cooled current lead and superconducting magnet system Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023134265A1 WO2023134265A1 PCT/CN2022/128166 CN2022128166W WO2023134265A1 WO 2023134265 A1 WO2023134265 A1 WO 2023134265A1 CN 2022128166 W CN2022128166 W CN 2022128166W WO 2023134265 A1 WO2023134265 A1 WO 2023134265A1
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- current lead
- pipeline
- lead
- magnet system
- superconducting magnet
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
- H01F6/04—Cooling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
- H01F6/06—Coils, e.g. winding, insulating, terminating or casing arrangements therefor
- H01F6/065—Feed-through bushings, terminals and joints
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of superconducting magnets, in particular to an air-cooled current lead and a superconducting magnet system.
- the traditional MRI liquid helium soaked zero-volatile superconducting magnet has a structure as shown in Figure 1, including a 300K container 01, a 4K cold head 02 installed on the 300K container 01, a 50K container 03, and a 50K container Cold head level 04 on 03, 4K container 05, cold head level 2 06 and condenser 07 on 4K container 05, superconducting coil 08 and liquid helium 09 in 4K container 05, used for heating liquid Helium 09 heater 010 and current lead 011, the upper end of the current lead 011 is respectively connected to the positive pole and negative pole of the external power supply 013 through the excitation cable 012, and the lower end of the current lead 011 is respectively connected to the superconducting coil 08 through the 4K inner cable 014.
- the positive pole of the connector and the negative pole of the joint are connected, the end of the current lead 011 is provided with an exhaust port 015 for discharging cold helium gas 018, the end of the current lead 011 is provided with a female connector 017, and the end of the 4K inner cable 014 is provided with a male connector 016.
- the female end 017 of the current lead 011 Before the magnet is excited or demagnetized, the female end 017 of the current lead 011 needs to be inserted into the male end 016 of the 4K internal cable 014. During the plugging process, the magnet needs to be depressurized and exhausted, which will lose liquid helium 09.
- the heater 010 can be heated to change the liquid helium 09 into cold helium gas 018, and the cold helium gas 018 flows upward through the inner cavity of the current lead 011, thereby cooling the current lead 011, and finally from the exhaust Port 015 is discharged.
- the schematic diagram of conventional magnet air-cooled current lead 011 is as shown in Figure 2, and the direction of the arrow in the figure is the flow direction of cold helium gas 018. Because the material of the current lead 011 is usually copper or brass, the heat generated during excitation is large, and the liquid helium 09 consumes a lot.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide an air-cooled current lead and superconducting magnet system, which can effectively improve the excitation operation effect of the superconducting magnet.
- the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
- An air-cooled current lead and superconducting magnet system including: a 4K container with liquid helium and a superconducting coil, a heater for heating the liquid helium, a cold head device with a cooling function, a current lead and a control device, the upper end of the current lead can be respectively connected to the positive pole and negative pole of the joint of the external power supply through the excitation cable, and the lower end of the current lead can be connected to the positive pole and negative pole of the joint of the superconducting coil through the 4K inner cable respectively,
- the heater, the cold head device and the external power supply are all connected to the control device;
- the current lead is a tubular structure, and the top is provided with an exhaust pipe for discharging helium.
- the current lead and the cold head device are fixed in the 4K container through the same metal flange.
- the current lead and the An insulator is sandwiched between the metal flanges, and a high temperature superconducting tape is pasted in the tubular structure of the current lead below the metal flanges.
- the current lead includes two symmetrically distributed lead pipes, the tops of the two lead pipes are connected, the top of the connection of the lead pipes is provided with the exhaust pipe, and the outer periphery of the connection is covered with A transition ring is provided, and the transition ring is an insulating material.
- the lead tube connected to the metal flange is a middle pipeline
- the lead tube above the metal flange is an upper pipeline
- the upper pipeline is made of stainless steel, brass or
- the pure copper part, the middle pipeline is a pure copper part, and the upper pipeline and the middle pipeline are connected by vacuum brazing or soldering.
- the lead tube located below the metal flange is a lower pipeline
- the lower pipeline is made of epoxy material or stainless steel
- the lower pipeline is connected to the middle pipeline through resin curing or soldered connections.
- the inner wall of the lower pipeline is axially provided with at least one groove for installing the high-temperature superconducting strip, and the high-temperature superconducting strip is connected to the groove through resin curing.
- the bottom of the lower pipeline is provided with a lead base, and the lead base is made of pure copper.
- the lead base and the 4K inner cable are connected by soldering.
- ventilation holes are provided on the walls of the upper pipeline and the lower pipeline.
- the insulator includes a filling block sandwiched between the middle pipeline and the metal flange, and the filling block is made of aluminum nitride.
- a solid resin part is provided at the connection between the middle pipeline and the metal flange.
- the current lead wire as a whole is fixed on the metal flange through the insulator, so that the metal flange is cold and non-conductive to the current lead wire, and the upper end of the current lead wire can pass through
- the excitation cable is respectively connected to the positive pole and negative pole of the connector of the external power supply, and the lower end of the current lead can be connected to the positive pole and negative pole of the connector of the superconducting coil through a 4K inner cable to form an external power supply, excitation cable, current lead, and 4K inner cable.
- the control device can perform excitation or demagnetization operation in real time by controlling whether the external power supply is energized, without manually plugging and unplugging the current leads.
- the cold head device can cool the metal flange to a temperature range of 50K, and through the cooling effect of the metal flange, it can ensure that the middle section of the current lead is also in the 50K temperature zone to reduce the heat leakage phenomenon of the current lead from the upper high temperature zone to the lower 4K temperature zone during the steady state operation of the magnet.
- the heater can be controlled by the control device
- the liquid helium is heated to generate a sufficient amount of cold helium gas, which flows upwards to fully cool the inside and outside of the current lead, and is discharged from the exhaust pipe.
- This device can not only ensure the stable operation of the magnet, but also effectively reduce the heat leakage phenomenon of the current lead, and make the excitation operation of the magnet simpler, without repeatedly plugging and pulling the lead, avoiding various risks of plugging and pulling the lead, and can also Automated excitation or demagnetization of magnets.
- the air-cooled current leads and the superconducting magnet system provided by the present invention can effectively improve the excitation operation effect of the superconducting magnet.
- Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the zero-volatile superconducting magnet soaked in MRI liquid helium in the prior art
- Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of conventional magnet air-cooled current lead
- Fig. 3 is the structural representation of air-cooled current lead wire and superconducting magnet system provided by the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a current lead
- Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of place A in Fig. 4;
- Fig. 6 is the structural representation of lead tube
- Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the high-temperature superconducting strip and the lower pipeline.
- 01 is 300K container
- 02 is 4K cold head
- 03 is 50K container
- 04 is the first stage of cold head
- 05 is 4K container
- 06 is the second stage of cold head
- 07 is condenser
- 08 is superconducting coil
- 09 is liquid helium
- 010 is the heater
- 011 is the current lead
- 012 is the excitation cable
- 013 is the external power supply
- 014 is the 4K inner cable
- 015 is the exhaust port
- 016 is the male connector
- 017 is the female connector
- 018 is the cold helium gas
- 1 is liquid helium
- 2 is superconducting coil
- 3 is 4K container
- 4 is heater
- 5 is cold head device
- 6 is current lead
- 7 is control device
- 8 is excitation cable
- 9 is external power supply
- 10 is 4K Inner cable
- 11 is the exhaust pipe
- 12 is the metal flange
- 13 is the insulator
- 14 is the high temperature superconducting strip
- 15 is the lead tube
- 16 is the transition ring
- 17 is the middle pipeline
- 18 is the upper pipeline
- 19 20 is a lead base
- 21 is a vent hole
- 22 is a solid resin piece
- 23 is helium.
- the core of the invention is to provide an air-cooled current lead and a superconducting magnet system, which can effectively improve the excitation operation effect of the superconducting magnet.
- Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the air-cooled current lead wire and the superconducting magnet system provided by the present invention
- Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the current lead wire
- Fig. 5 is the part of A place in Fig. 4 Enlarged view
- Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of the lead pipe
- Figure 7 is a schematic view of the assembly of the high-temperature superconducting strip and the lower pipeline.
- This specific embodiment provides an air-cooled current lead and a superconducting magnet system, including: a 4K container 3 equipped with liquid helium 1 and a superconducting coil 2, a heater 4 for heating the liquid helium 1, and a cooling function
- the cold head device 5, the current lead wire 6 and the control device 7, the upper end of the current lead wire 6 can be respectively connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of the joint of the external power supply 9 through the excitation cable 8, and the lower end of the current lead wire 6 can be respectively connected with the external power supply 9 through the 4K internal cable 10.
- the positive pole and negative pole of the joint of the superconducting coil 2 are connected, the heater 4, the cold head device 5 and the external power supply 9 are all connected to the control device 7;
- the current lead 6 is a tubular structure, and the top is provided with an exhaust gas for discharging helium
- the tube 11, the current lead 6 and the cold head device 5 are fixed in the 4K container 3 through the same metal flange 12, an insulating member 13 is interposed between the current lead 6 and the metal flange 12, and the current lead 6 is located on the metal flange 12
- a high temperature superconducting strip 14 is pasted inside the lower tubular structure.
- the superconducting magnet system usually includes a 300K container, a 4K cold head arranged on the 300K container, a 50K container, a cold head first stage arranged on the 50K container, a 4K container 3, and a cold head installed on the 4K container 3.
- the cold head stage 2 and the condenser, the cold head device 5 of this device includes a cold head stage 1 and a cold head stage 2, the current lead 6 located at the metal flange 12 is in a temperature zone of 50K, and the current lead 6 located above the metal flange 12
- the lead wire 6 is in the temperature range of 50K-300K, and the current lead wire 6 located under the metal flange 12 is in the temperature range of 4K-50K.
- the operating power of the first stage of the cold head is large, and the cooling effect is better.
- the first stage of the cold head can cool the metal flange 12 to a temperature range of 50K, and the metal flange 12 can conduct cooling to the current lead 6, so that the metal flange 12 The junction with the current lead 6 is also in the 50K temperature range.
- the second stage of the cold head has low operating power and relatively poor cooling effect, so the device is attached with a high-temperature superconducting strip 14 in the tubular structure below the metal flange 12 to reduce heat leakage of the magnet.
- the 4K container 3, the heater 4, the cold head device 5, the current lead 6, the control device 7, the excitation cable 8, the external power supply 9, the 4K inner cable 10, the metal The shape, structure, size, position, material, etc. of the flange 12, the insulator 13, and the high-temperature superconducting strip 14 are determined.
- the current lead 6 is integrally fixed on the metal flange 12 through the insulator 13, so that the metal flange 12 conducts cooling and non-conduction to the current lead 6, and the current
- the upper end of the lead wire 6 can be respectively connected to the positive pole and the negative pole of the joint of the external power supply 9 through the excitation cable 8, and the lower end of the current lead 6 can be respectively connected to the positive pole and the negative pole of the joint of the superconducting coil 2 through the 4K internal cable 10 to form an external connection.
- the control device 7 can perform the excitation or demagnetization operation in real time by controlling whether the external power supply 9 is energized, without manually plugging and unplugging the current lead 6 .
- the first stage of the cold head can cool the metal flange 12 to a temperature range of 50K, and through the cooling effect of the metal flange 12, the current lead 6 can be guaranteed
- the middle section is also in the 50K temperature zone to reduce the heat leakage phenomenon of the current lead 6 from the upper high temperature zone to the lower 4K temperature zone when the magnet operates in a steady state.
- the heater 4 is controlled to heat the liquid helium 1 to generate a sufficient amount of helium gas 23 , and the helium gas 23 flows upward to fully cool the inside and outside of the current lead 6 and is discharged from the exhaust pipe 11 .
- This device can not only ensure the stable operation of the magnet, but also effectively reduce the heat leakage phenomenon of the current lead wire 6, and make the excitation operation of the magnet simpler, without repeatedly inserting and pulling out the lead wire, avoiding various risks of plugging and pulling out the lead wire, and also The magnet can be automatically excited or demagnetized.
- the air-cooled current leads and the superconducting magnet system provided by the present invention can effectively improve the excitation operation effect of the superconducting magnet.
- the current lead 6 includes two symmetrically distributed lead tubes 15, the tops of the two lead tubes 15 are connected, and the top of the connection of the lead tubes 15 is provided with an exhaust pipe 11, and the top of the connected part
- a transition ring 16 is sheathed on the outer periphery, and the transition ring 16 is made of insulating material.
- the structure of the current lead 6 is shown in FIG. 4 , and the direction of the arrow in FIG. 4 is the flow direction of the helium gas 23 .
- the lead tube 15 on the left can be set as the positive current lead 6 and the lead tube 15 on the right can be set as the negative current lead 6 .
- a transition ring 16 is sheathed on the outer periphery of the connecting part of the lead pipe 15, so that the lead pipe 15 is divided into upper and lower parts, and the upper and lower parts are electrically insulated.
- the transition ring 16 can be set as a solid resin material Afterwards, the upper end of the annealed copper wire can be connected to the joint of the external power supply 9, and the lower end of the annealed copper wire is connected to the upper section of the current lead 6 and the position below the transition ring 16 to ensure the connection of the current loop.
- the shape, structure, position, etc. of the transition ring 16 can be determined according to the actual situation and actual needs during actual operation.
- the lead pipe 15 connected to the metal flange 12 is the middle pipe 17, the lead pipe 15 above the metal flange 12 is the upper pipe 18, and the upper pipe 18 is made of stainless steel, brass or pure copper , the middle pipeline 17 is a pure copper piece, and the upper pipeline 18 and the middle pipeline 17 are connected by vacuum brazing or soldering.
- the material of the upper pipeline 18 can be selected according to the operating current of the magnet.
- the lead pipe 15 located below the metal flange 12 is a lower pipeline 19, and the lower pipeline 19 is made of epoxy material or stainless steel, and the lower pipeline 19 and the middle pipeline 17 are connected by resin curing or brazing .
- connection mode between the middle pipeline 17 and the lower pipeline 19 depends on the material of the lower pipeline 19, and the lower pipeline 19 can be set as a thin-walled pipe.
- the material of the thin-walled pipe is epoxy, it can be The thin-walled tube is solidified on the middle pipeline 17 by using liquid resin or solid resin.
- the material of the thin-walled tube is stainless steel, the above-mentioned resin curing method can be used for fixing, and the thin-walled tube can be fixed on the middle pipeline 17 by brazing.
- the inner wall of the lower pipeline 19 is axially provided with at least one groove for installing the high-temperature superconducting strip 14 , and the high-temperature superconducting strip 14 and the groove are connected by resin curing.
- connection between the lower pipeline 19 and the high-temperature superconducting strip 14 can be cured by epoxy resin, so that the high-temperature superconducting strip 14 and the thin-walled tube become an integral body, and the thin-walled tube is connected to the high-temperature superconducting strip. 14 has mechanical protection.
- the high-temperature superconducting strips 14 can be uniformly distributed on the thin-walled tube, and the quantity of the high-temperature superconducting strips 14 is not limited to 4, and the actual number of the high-temperature superconducting strips 14 depends on the operation of the magnet. Current size. That is to say, the shape, position, number, etc. of the grooves can be determined according to the actual situation and actual needs in the actual application process.
- the bottom of the lower pipeline 19 is provided with a lead base 20, and the lead base 20 is made of pure copper.
- the lead base 20 can effectively fix the current lead 6 .
- the connection mode between the lower pipeline 19 and the lead base 20 is the same as the connection mode between the lower pipeline 19 and the middle pipeline 17, that is, the specific connection mode between the lower pipeline 19 and the lead base 20 depends on the material of the thin-walled tube.
- the lead base 20 and the 4K inner cable 10 are connected by soldering to ensure effective conduction of the circulation loop formed by the external power supply 9 , the excitation cable 8 , the current lead 6 , the 4K inner cable 10 and the superconducting coil 2 .
- vent holes 21 are provided on the walls of the upper pipeline 18 and the lower pipeline 19 , as shown in FIG. 5 .
- vent holes 21 are provided on the walls of the upper pipeline 18 and the lower pipeline 19, because the vent holes 21 can enhance the effect of convective heat transfer, so as to ensure that the current lead 6 can be sufficiently cooled during excitation or demagnetization.
- the number, size and position of the ventilation holes 21 can be determined according to the actual situation and actual needs during actual operation.
- the insulator 13 includes a filling block sandwiched between the middle pipeline 17 and the metal flange 12, and the filling block is made of aluminum nitride. That is to say, aluminum nitride can be used to fill between the middle pipeline 17 and the metal flange 12 .
- Aluminum nitride has the function of insulating and conducting cold, so as to ensure that the metal flange 12 only conducts cooling and does not conduct electricity to the current lead 6 .
- a solid resin piece 22 is provided at the connection between the middle pipeline 17 and the metal flange 12 .
- the metal flange 12 can be made of pure copper, and the middle pipeline 17 of the current lead 6 can be fixed on the metal flange 12 by using the solid resin part 22, so that the current lead 6 does not need to be inserted and pulled out repeatedly.
- the shape, structure, position, etc. of the filling block and the solid resin piece 22 can be determined according to the actual situation and actual needs during actual operation.
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Abstract
A gas-cooled current lead and superconducting magnet system. The system comprises: a 4K container filled with liquid helium and a superconducting coil, a heater for heating the liquid helium, a cold head apparatus having a cooling function, a current lead, and a control apparatus, wherein an upper end of the current lead can be connected to a positive connector electrode and a negative connector electrode of an external power source by means of excitation cables, and a lower end of the current lead can be respectively connected to a positive connector electrode and a negative connector electrode of the superconducting coil by means of 4K inner cables; the heater, the cold head apparatus and the external power source are all connected to the control apparatus; the current lead has a tubular structure, and the top thereof is provided with a vent tube for venting helium; the current lead and the cold head apparatus are fixed in the 4K container by means of the same metal flange; an insulation member is sandwiched between the current lead and the metal flange; and a high-temperature superconducting tape is attached in the tubular structure of the current lead located below the metal flange. The apparatus can reduce the heat leakage of a current lead during steady-state operation of a magnet, and simplify an excitation operation.
Description
本申请要求于2022年01月11日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210024160.4、发明名称为“一种气冷电流引线及超导磁体***”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application with the application number 202210024160.4 and the title of the invention "An air-cooled current lead and superconducting magnet system" submitted to the China Patent Office on January 11, 2022, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference in this application.
本发明涉及超导磁体技术领域,更具体地说,涉及一种气冷电流引线及超导磁体***。The invention relates to the technical field of superconducting magnets, in particular to an air-cooled current lead and a superconducting magnet system.
现有技术中,传统的MRI液氦浸泡零挥发超导磁体,结构如图1所示,包括有300K容器01、设于300K容器01上的4K冷头02、50K容器03、设于50K容器03上的冷头一级04、4K容器05、设于4K容器05上的冷头二级06和冷凝器07、设于4K容器05内的超导线圈08和液氦09、用于加热液氦09的加热器010以及电流引线011,电流引线011的上端通过励磁电缆012分别与外接电源013的接头正极、接头负极连接,电流引线011的下端通过4K内电缆014分别与超导线圈08的接头正极、接头负极连接,电流引线011的端部设有用于排出冷氦气018的排气口015,电流引线011的端部设有母头017,4K内电缆014的端部设有公头016。In the prior art, the traditional MRI liquid helium soaked zero-volatile superconducting magnet has a structure as shown in Figure 1, including a 300K container 01, a 4K cold head 02 installed on the 300K container 01, a 50K container 03, and a 50K container Cold head level 04 on 03, 4K container 05, cold head level 2 06 and condenser 07 on 4K container 05, superconducting coil 08 and liquid helium 09 in 4K container 05, used for heating liquid Helium 09 heater 010 and current lead 011, the upper end of the current lead 011 is respectively connected to the positive pole and negative pole of the external power supply 013 through the excitation cable 012, and the lower end of the current lead 011 is respectively connected to the superconducting coil 08 through the 4K inner cable 014. The positive pole of the connector and the negative pole of the joint are connected, the end of the current lead 011 is provided with an exhaust port 015 for discharging cold helium gas 018, the end of the current lead 011 is provided with a female connector 017, and the end of the 4K inner cable 014 is provided with a male connector 016.
磁体在进行励磁或退磁操作前,需要先将电流引线011的母头017***4K内电缆014的公头016上,在插拔的过程中,磁体需要卸压排气,会损失液氦09。插拔时为了保证电流引线011的母头017与4K内电缆014的公头016的接触良好,需要利用工具轻敲电流引线011的顶部,待母头017与公头016接触良好后,再将电流引线011上端与正极电缆、负极电缆连接,以使励磁电源与超导线圈08形成回路。期间,可以通过对加热器010进行加热,以使液氦09变为冷氦气018,冷氦气018向上流经电流引线011的内腔,从而对电流引线011进行冷却降温,最后从排气口015排出。其中,常规磁体气冷电流引线011的示意图如图2所示,图中的箭头 方向为冷氦气018的流动方向。因为电流引线011的材质通常为铜或黄铜,因此,励磁时生热较大,液氦09消耗较多。Before the magnet is excited or demagnetized, the female end 017 of the current lead 011 needs to be inserted into the male end 016 of the 4K internal cable 014. During the plugging process, the magnet needs to be depressurized and exhausted, which will lose liquid helium 09. In order to ensure good contact between the female end 017 of the current lead 011 and the male end 016 of the 4K inner cable 014 when plugging and unplugging, it is necessary to use a tool to tap the top of the current lead 011, and after the female end 017 and the male end 016 are in good contact, then insert the The upper end of the current lead 011 is connected with the positive cable and the negative cable, so that the excitation power supply and the superconducting coil 08 form a loop. During this period, the heater 010 can be heated to change the liquid helium 09 into cold helium gas 018, and the cold helium gas 018 flows upward through the inner cavity of the current lead 011, thereby cooling the current lead 011, and finally from the exhaust Port 015 is discharged. Wherein, the schematic diagram of conventional magnet air-cooled current lead 011 is as shown in Figure 2, and the direction of the arrow in the figure is the flow direction of cold helium gas 018. Because the material of the current lead 011 is usually copper or brass, the heat generated during excitation is large, and the liquid helium 09 consumes a lot.
而且,在插拔引线的过程中,若插拔操作不当,容易造成空气流入磁体4K容器05,使得磁体结冰,影响磁体正常运行,此时,需要对公头016吹热氦气化冰化霜。插拔后电流引线011与磁体内电接头的接触电阻要求高,不易控制,接触不良时需要拔出,导致需要反复插拔电流引线011,操作效率低,操作难度大。Moreover, in the process of plugging and unplugging the lead wire, if the plugging operation is improper, it is easy to cause air to flow into the magnet 4K container 05, causing the magnet to freeze and affecting the normal operation of the magnet. Frost. After plugging and unplugging, the contact resistance between the current lead 011 and the internal electrical connector of the magnet has high requirements and is difficult to control. When the contact is poor, it needs to be pulled out, resulting in the need to repeatedly plug and pull the current lead 011. The operation efficiency is low and the operation is difficult.
综上所述,如何提高超导磁体的励磁操作效果,是目前本领域技术人员亟待解决的问题。To sum up, how to improve the excitation operation effect of a superconducting magnet is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此,本发明的目的是提供一种气冷电流引线及超导磁体***,可有效提高超导磁体的励磁操作效果。In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an air-cooled current lead and superconducting magnet system, which can effectively improve the excitation operation effect of the superconducting magnet.
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
一种气冷电流引线及超导磁体***,包括:装有液氦和超导线圈的4K容器、用于加热所述液氦的加热器、具有降温冷却功能的冷头装置、电流引线以及控制装置,所述电流引线的上端可通过励磁电缆分别与外接电源的接头正极、接头负极连接,所述电流引线的下端可通过4K内电缆分别与所述超导线圈的接头正极、接头负极连接,所述加热器、所述冷头装置以及所述外接电源均与所述控制装置连接;An air-cooled current lead and superconducting magnet system, including: a 4K container with liquid helium and a superconducting coil, a heater for heating the liquid helium, a cold head device with a cooling function, a current lead and a control device, the upper end of the current lead can be respectively connected to the positive pole and negative pole of the joint of the external power supply through the excitation cable, and the lower end of the current lead can be connected to the positive pole and negative pole of the joint of the superconducting coil through the 4K inner cable respectively, The heater, the cold head device and the external power supply are all connected to the control device;
所述电流引线为管状结构、且顶部设有用于排出氦气的排气管,所述电流引线和所述冷头装置通过同一金属法兰固定在所述4K容器内,所述电流引线和所述金属法兰之间夹设有绝缘件,所述电流引线的位于所述金属法兰下方的管状结构内贴设有高温超导带材。The current lead is a tubular structure, and the top is provided with an exhaust pipe for discharging helium. The current lead and the cold head device are fixed in the 4K container through the same metal flange. The current lead and the An insulator is sandwiched between the metal flanges, and a high temperature superconducting tape is pasted in the tubular structure of the current lead below the metal flanges.
优选的,所述电流引线包括两个对称分布的引线管,两个所述引线管的顶部连通,所述引线管的连通处顶部设有所述排气管,所述连通处的外周部套设有过渡环,所述过渡环为绝缘材质件。Preferably, the current lead includes two symmetrically distributed lead pipes, the tops of the two lead pipes are connected, the top of the connection of the lead pipes is provided with the exhaust pipe, and the outer periphery of the connection is covered with A transition ring is provided, and the transition ring is an insulating material.
优选的,与所述金属法兰连接的所述引线管为中段管路,位于所述金属法兰上方的所述引线管为上段管路,所述上段管路为不锈钢件、黄铜件 或纯铜件,所述中段管路为纯铜件,所述上段管路与所述中段管路通过真空钎焊连接或锡焊连接。Preferably, the lead tube connected to the metal flange is a middle pipeline, and the lead tube above the metal flange is an upper pipeline, and the upper pipeline is made of stainless steel, brass or The pure copper part, the middle pipeline is a pure copper part, and the upper pipeline and the middle pipeline are connected by vacuum brazing or soldering.
优选的,位于所述金属法兰下方的所述引线管为下段管路,所述下段管路为环氧材质件或不锈钢材质件,所述下段管路与所述中段管路通过树脂固化连接或钎焊连接。Preferably, the lead tube located below the metal flange is a lower pipeline, and the lower pipeline is made of epoxy material or stainless steel, and the lower pipeline is connected to the middle pipeline through resin curing or soldered connections.
优选的,所述下段管路的内壁沿轴向设有至少一个用于安装所述高温超导带材的凹槽,所述高温超导带材和所述凹槽之间通过树脂固化连接。Preferably, the inner wall of the lower pipeline is axially provided with at least one groove for installing the high-temperature superconducting strip, and the high-temperature superconducting strip is connected to the groove through resin curing.
优选的,所述下段管路的底部设有引线底座,所述引线底座为纯铜材质件。Preferably, the bottom of the lower pipeline is provided with a lead base, and the lead base is made of pure copper.
优选的,所述引线底座和所述4K内电缆通过锡焊连接。Preferably, the lead base and the 4K inner cable are connected by soldering.
优选的,所述上段管路和所述下段管路的壁面均设有通气孔。Preferably, ventilation holes are provided on the walls of the upper pipeline and the lower pipeline.
优选的,所述绝缘件包括夹设于所述中段管路和所述金属法兰之间的填充块,所述填充块为氮化铝材质件。Preferably, the insulator includes a filling block sandwiched between the middle pipeline and the metal flange, and the filling block is made of aluminum nitride.
优选的,所述中段管路和所述金属法兰的连接处设有固体树脂件。Preferably, a solid resin part is provided at the connection between the middle pipeline and the metal flange.
在使用本发明所提供的气冷电流引线及超导磁体***时,电流引线整体通过绝缘件固定在金属法兰上,以使金属法兰对电流引线导冷不导电,电流引线的上端可通过励磁电缆分别与外接电源的接头正极、接头负极连接,电流引线的下端可通过4K内电缆分别与超导线圈的接头正极、接头负极连接,以形成外接电源、励磁电缆、电流引线、4K内电缆、超导线圈的流通回路。控制装置可通过控制外接电源是否通电,以实时进行励磁或退磁操作,无需对电流引线进行人工插拔操作。When using the air-cooled current lead wire and superconducting magnet system provided by the present invention, the current lead wire as a whole is fixed on the metal flange through the insulator, so that the metal flange is cold and non-conductive to the current lead wire, and the upper end of the current lead wire can pass through The excitation cable is respectively connected to the positive pole and negative pole of the connector of the external power supply, and the lower end of the current lead can be connected to the positive pole and negative pole of the connector of the superconducting coil through a 4K inner cable to form an external power supply, excitation cable, current lead, and 4K inner cable. , The circulation circuit of the superconducting coil. The control device can perform excitation or demagnetization operation in real time by controlling whether the external power supply is energized, without manually plugging and unplugging the current leads.
当磁体稳态运行时,也即磁体不进行励磁或退磁操作时,冷头装置可将金属法兰降温至50K温区,通过金属法兰的导冷作用,可保证电流引线的中间段也处于50K温区,以降低磁体稳态运行时电流引线从上段高温区到下段4K温区的漏热现象。当磁体进行励磁或退磁操作时,由于高温超导带材的上端温度处于50K温区,使得高温超导带材整体处于超导状态,而且,在励磁或退磁时,可通过控制装置控制加热器加热液氦,生成足量的冷氦气,冷氦气向上流动将电流引线的内侧、外侧充分冷却,并从排气管排出。本装置既能保证磁体稳态运行时,可有效降低电流引线的漏热现 象,又能使磁体的励磁操作更为简单,无需反复插拔引线,避免了插拔引线的各种风险,还可对磁体进行自动化励磁或退磁操作。When the magnet is running in a steady state, that is, when the magnet is not in the process of excitation or demagnetization, the cold head device can cool the metal flange to a temperature range of 50K, and through the cooling effect of the metal flange, it can ensure that the middle section of the current lead is also in the 50K temperature zone to reduce the heat leakage phenomenon of the current lead from the upper high temperature zone to the lower 4K temperature zone during the steady state operation of the magnet. When the magnet is in the excitation or demagnetization operation, since the upper end temperature of the high-temperature superconducting strip is in the 50K temperature range, the high-temperature superconducting strip is in a superconducting state as a whole, and, when the magnet is excited or demagnetized, the heater can be controlled by the control device The liquid helium is heated to generate a sufficient amount of cold helium gas, which flows upwards to fully cool the inside and outside of the current lead, and is discharged from the exhaust pipe. This device can not only ensure the stable operation of the magnet, but also effectively reduce the heat leakage phenomenon of the current lead, and make the excitation operation of the magnet simpler, without repeatedly plugging and pulling the lead, avoiding various risks of plugging and pulling the lead, and can also Automated excitation or demagnetization of magnets.
综上所述,本发明所提供的气冷电流引线及超导磁体***,可有效提高超导磁体的励磁操作效果。To sum up, the air-cooled current leads and the superconducting magnet system provided by the present invention can effectively improve the excitation operation effect of the superconducting magnet.
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only It is an embodiment of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings on the premise of not paying creative efforts.
图1为现有技术中的MRI液氦浸泡零挥发超导磁体的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the zero-volatile superconducting magnet soaked in MRI liquid helium in the prior art;
图2为常规磁体气冷电流引线的示意图;Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of conventional magnet air-cooled current lead;
图3为本发明所提供的气冷电流引线及超导磁体***的结构示意图;Fig. 3 is the structural representation of air-cooled current lead wire and superconducting magnet system provided by the present invention;
图4为电流引线的结构示意图;Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a current lead;
图5为图4中A处的局部放大图;Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of place A in Fig. 4;
图6为引线管的结构示意图;Fig. 6 is the structural representation of lead tube;
图7为高温超导带材和下段管路的装配示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the high-temperature superconducting strip and the lower pipeline.
图1和图2中:In Figure 1 and Figure 2:
01为300K容器、02为4K冷头、03为50K容器、04为冷头一级、05为4K容器、06为冷头二级、07为冷凝器、08为超导线圈、09为液氦、010为加热器、011为电流引线、012为励磁电缆、013为外接电源、014为4K内电缆、015为排气口、016为公头、017为母头、018为冷氦气;01 is 300K container, 02 is 4K cold head, 03 is 50K container, 04 is the first stage of cold head, 05 is 4K container, 06 is the second stage of cold head, 07 is condenser, 08 is superconducting coil, 09 is liquid helium , 010 is the heater, 011 is the current lead, 012 is the excitation cable, 013 is the external power supply, 014 is the 4K inner cable, 015 is the exhaust port, 016 is the male connector, 017 is the female connector, 018 is the cold helium gas;
图3-图7中:In Figure 3-Figure 7:
1为液氦、2为超导线圈、3为4K容器、4为加热器、5为冷头装置、6为电流引线、7为控制装置、8为励磁电缆、9为外接电源、10为4K内电缆、11为排气管、12为金属法兰、13为绝缘体、14为高温超导带材、15为引线管、16为过渡环、17为中段管路、18为上段管路、19为下段管路、20为引线底座、21为通气孔、22为固体树脂件、23为氦气。1 is liquid helium, 2 is superconducting coil, 3 is 4K container, 4 is heater, 5 is cold head device, 6 is current lead, 7 is control device, 8 is excitation cable, 9 is external power supply, 10 is 4K Inner cable, 11 is the exhaust pipe, 12 is the metal flange, 13 is the insulator, 14 is the high temperature superconducting strip, 15 is the lead tube, 16 is the transition ring, 17 is the middle pipeline, 18 is the upper pipeline, 19 20 is a lead base, 21 is a vent hole, 22 is a solid resin piece, and 23 is helium.
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明的核心是提供一种气冷电流引线及超导磁体***,可有效提高超导磁体的励磁操作效果。The core of the invention is to provide an air-cooled current lead and a superconducting magnet system, which can effectively improve the excitation operation effect of the superconducting magnet.
请参考图3至图7,其中,图3为本发明所提供的气冷电流引线及超导磁体***的结构示意图;图4为电流引线的结构示意图;图5为图4中A处的局部放大图;图6为引线管的结构示意图;图7为高温超导带材和下段管路的装配示意图。Please refer to Fig. 3 to Fig. 7, wherein, Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the air-cooled current lead wire and the superconducting magnet system provided by the present invention; Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the current lead wire; Fig. 5 is the part of A place in Fig. 4 Enlarged view; Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of the lead pipe; Figure 7 is a schematic view of the assembly of the high-temperature superconducting strip and the lower pipeline.
本具体实施例提供了一种气冷电流引线及超导磁体***,包括:装有液氦1和超导线圈2的4K容器3、用于加热液氦1的加热器4、具有降温冷却功能的冷头装置5、电流引线6以及控制装置7,电流引线6的上端可通过励磁电缆8分别与外接电源9的接头正极、接头负极连接,电流引线6的下端可通过4K内电缆10分别与超导线圈2的接头正极、接头负极连接,加热器4、冷头装置5以及外接电源9均与控制装置7连接;电流引线6为管状结构、且顶部设有用于排出氦气23的排气管11,电流引线6和冷头装置5通过同一金属法兰12固定在4K容器3内,电流引线6和金属法兰12之间夹设有绝缘件13,电流引线6的位于金属法兰12下方的管状结构内贴设有高温超导带材14。This specific embodiment provides an air-cooled current lead and a superconducting magnet system, including: a 4K container 3 equipped with liquid helium 1 and a superconducting coil 2, a heater 4 for heating the liquid helium 1, and a cooling function The cold head device 5, the current lead wire 6 and the control device 7, the upper end of the current lead wire 6 can be respectively connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of the joint of the external power supply 9 through the excitation cable 8, and the lower end of the current lead wire 6 can be respectively connected with the external power supply 9 through the 4K internal cable 10. The positive pole and negative pole of the joint of the superconducting coil 2 are connected, the heater 4, the cold head device 5 and the external power supply 9 are all connected to the control device 7; the current lead 6 is a tubular structure, and the top is provided with an exhaust gas for discharging helium The tube 11, the current lead 6 and the cold head device 5 are fixed in the 4K container 3 through the same metal flange 12, an insulating member 13 is interposed between the current lead 6 and the metal flange 12, and the current lead 6 is located on the metal flange 12 A high temperature superconducting strip 14 is pasted inside the lower tubular structure.
需要说明的是,超导磁体***通常包括有300K容器、设于300K容器上的4K冷头、50K容器、设于50K容器上的冷头一级、4K容器3以及设于4K容器3上的冷头二级和冷凝器,本装置的冷头装置5包括冷头一级和冷头二级,位于金属法兰12处的电流引线6处于50K的温区,位于金属法兰12上方的电流引线6处于50K~300K的温区,位于金属法兰12下方的电流引线6处于4K~50K的温区。其中,冷头一级的运行功率大、降温冷却效果较佳,冷头一级可将金属法兰12降温至50K温区,金属法兰 12可对电流引线6导冷,使金属法兰12和电流引线6的连接处也处于50K温区。而冷头二级的运行功率小、降温冷却效果相对较差,故本装置在位于金属法兰12下方的管状结构内贴设有高温超导带材14,以减小磁体漏热现象。It should be noted that the superconducting magnet system usually includes a 300K container, a 4K cold head arranged on the 300K container, a 50K container, a cold head first stage arranged on the 50K container, a 4K container 3, and a cold head installed on the 4K container 3. The cold head stage 2 and the condenser, the cold head device 5 of this device includes a cold head stage 1 and a cold head stage 2, the current lead 6 located at the metal flange 12 is in a temperature zone of 50K, and the current lead 6 located above the metal flange 12 The lead wire 6 is in the temperature range of 50K-300K, and the current lead wire 6 located under the metal flange 12 is in the temperature range of 4K-50K. Among them, the operating power of the first stage of the cold head is large, and the cooling effect is better. The first stage of the cold head can cool the metal flange 12 to a temperature range of 50K, and the metal flange 12 can conduct cooling to the current lead 6, so that the metal flange 12 The junction with the current lead 6 is also in the 50K temperature range. The second stage of the cold head has low operating power and relatively poor cooling effect, so the device is attached with a high-temperature superconducting strip 14 in the tubular structure below the metal flange 12 to reduce heat leakage of the magnet.
可以在实际运用过程中,根据实际情况和实际需求,对4K容器3、加热器4、冷头装置5、电流引线6、控制装置7、励磁电缆8、外接电源9、4K内电缆10、金属法兰12、绝缘件13以及高温超导带材14的形状、结构、尺寸、位置、材质等进行确定。In the actual application process, according to the actual situation and actual needs, the 4K container 3, the heater 4, the cold head device 5, the current lead 6, the control device 7, the excitation cable 8, the external power supply 9, the 4K inner cable 10, the metal The shape, structure, size, position, material, etc. of the flange 12, the insulator 13, and the high-temperature superconducting strip 14 are determined.
在使用本发明所提供的气冷电流引线及超导磁体***时,电流引线6整体通过绝缘件13固定在金属法兰12上,以使金属法兰12对电流引线6导冷不导电,电流引线6的上端可通过励磁电缆8分别与外接电源9的接头正极、接头负极连接,电流引线6的下端可通过4K内电缆10分别与超导线圈2的接头正极、接头负极连接,以形成外接电源9、励磁电缆8、电流引线6、4K内电缆10、超导线圈2的流通回路。控制装置7可通过控制外接电源9是否通电,以实时进行励磁或退磁操作,无需对电流引线6进行人工插拔操作。When using the air-cooled current lead and the superconducting magnet system provided by the present invention, the current lead 6 is integrally fixed on the metal flange 12 through the insulator 13, so that the metal flange 12 conducts cooling and non-conduction to the current lead 6, and the current The upper end of the lead wire 6 can be respectively connected to the positive pole and the negative pole of the joint of the external power supply 9 through the excitation cable 8, and the lower end of the current lead 6 can be respectively connected to the positive pole and the negative pole of the joint of the superconducting coil 2 through the 4K internal cable 10 to form an external connection. Power supply 9, excitation cable 8, current lead wire 6, 4K internal cable 10, circulation loop of superconducting coil 2. The control device 7 can perform the excitation or demagnetization operation in real time by controlling whether the external power supply 9 is energized, without manually plugging and unplugging the current lead 6 .
当磁体稳态运行时,也即磁体不进行励磁或退磁操作时,冷头一级可将金属法兰12降温至50K温区,通过金属法兰12的导冷作用,可保证电流引线6的中间段也处于50K温区,以降低磁体稳态运行时电流引线6从上段高温区到下段4K温区的漏热现象。当磁体进行励磁或退磁操作时,由于高温超导带材14的上端温度处于50K温区,使得高温超导带材14整体处于超导状态,而且,在励磁或退磁时,可通过控制装置7控制加热器4加热液氦1,生成足量的氦气23,氦气23向上流动将电流引线6的内侧、外侧充分冷却,并从排气管11排出。本装置既能保证磁体稳态运行时,可有效降低电流引线6的漏热现象,又能使磁体的励磁操作更为简单,无需反复插拔引线,避免了插拔引线的各种风险,还可对磁体进行自动化励磁或退磁操作。When the magnet operates in a steady state, that is, when the magnet is not in the process of excitation or demagnetization, the first stage of the cold head can cool the metal flange 12 to a temperature range of 50K, and through the cooling effect of the metal flange 12, the current lead 6 can be guaranteed The middle section is also in the 50K temperature zone to reduce the heat leakage phenomenon of the current lead 6 from the upper high temperature zone to the lower 4K temperature zone when the magnet operates in a steady state. When the magnet is in the excitation or demagnetization operation, because the temperature of the upper end of the high-temperature superconducting strip 14 is in the 50K temperature range, the high-temperature superconducting strip 14 is in a superconducting state as a whole. The heater 4 is controlled to heat the liquid helium 1 to generate a sufficient amount of helium gas 23 , and the helium gas 23 flows upward to fully cool the inside and outside of the current lead 6 and is discharged from the exhaust pipe 11 . This device can not only ensure the stable operation of the magnet, but also effectively reduce the heat leakage phenomenon of the current lead wire 6, and make the excitation operation of the magnet simpler, without repeatedly inserting and pulling out the lead wire, avoiding various risks of plugging and pulling out the lead wire, and also The magnet can be automatically excited or demagnetized.
综上所述,本发明所提供的气冷电流引线及超导磁体***,可有效提高超导磁体的励磁操作效果。To sum up, the air-cooled current leads and the superconducting magnet system provided by the present invention can effectively improve the excitation operation effect of the superconducting magnet.
在上述实施例的基础上,优选的,电流引线6包括两个对称分布的引线管15,两个引线管15的顶部连通,引线管15的连通处顶部设有排气管11,连通处的外周部套设有过渡环16,过渡环16为绝缘材质件。On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, preferably, the current lead 6 includes two symmetrically distributed lead tubes 15, the tops of the two lead tubes 15 are connected, and the top of the connection of the lead tubes 15 is provided with an exhaust pipe 11, and the top of the connected part A transition ring 16 is sheathed on the outer periphery, and the transition ring 16 is made of insulating material.
需要说明的是,电流引线6的结构如图4所示,图4中的箭头方向为氦气23的流动方向。可以将左边的引线管15设置为正极电流引线6,将右边的引线管15设置为负极电流引线6。引线管15的连通处外周部套设有过渡环16,使引线管15被分隔为上下两部分,且上下两部分之间为电绝缘状态,例如,可以将过渡环16设置为固体树脂材质件,之后,可以将软铜线上端连接在外接电源9的接头上,软铜线下端连接在电流引线6的上段且位于过渡环16下方的位置,以保证电流回路的连通。It should be noted that the structure of the current lead 6 is shown in FIG. 4 , and the direction of the arrow in FIG. 4 is the flow direction of the helium gas 23 . The lead tube 15 on the left can be set as the positive current lead 6 and the lead tube 15 on the right can be set as the negative current lead 6 . A transition ring 16 is sheathed on the outer periphery of the connecting part of the lead pipe 15, so that the lead pipe 15 is divided into upper and lower parts, and the upper and lower parts are electrically insulated. For example, the transition ring 16 can be set as a solid resin material Afterwards, the upper end of the annealed copper wire can be connected to the joint of the external power supply 9, and the lower end of the annealed copper wire is connected to the upper section of the current lead 6 and the position below the transition ring 16 to ensure the connection of the current loop.
可以在实际运用过程中,根据实际情况和实际需求,对过渡环16的形状、结构、位置等进行确定。The shape, structure, position, etc. of the transition ring 16 can be determined according to the actual situation and actual needs during actual operation.
优选的,与金属法兰12连接的引线管15为中段管路17,位于金属法兰12上方的引线管15为上段管路18,上段管路18为不锈钢件、黄铜件或纯铜件,中段管路17为纯铜件,上段管路18与中段管路17通过真空钎焊连接或锡焊连接。可以根据磁体运行电流对上段管路18的材质进行选择。Preferably, the lead pipe 15 connected to the metal flange 12 is the middle pipe 17, the lead pipe 15 above the metal flange 12 is the upper pipe 18, and the upper pipe 18 is made of stainless steel, brass or pure copper , the middle pipeline 17 is a pure copper piece, and the upper pipeline 18 and the middle pipeline 17 are connected by vacuum brazing or soldering. The material of the upper pipeline 18 can be selected according to the operating current of the magnet.
优选的,位于金属法兰12下方的引线管15为下段管路19,下段管路19为环氧材质件或不锈钢材质件,下段管路19与中段管路17通过树脂固化连接或钎焊连接。Preferably, the lead pipe 15 located below the metal flange 12 is a lower pipeline 19, and the lower pipeline 19 is made of epoxy material or stainless steel, and the lower pipeline 19 and the middle pipeline 17 are connected by resin curing or brazing .
需要说明的是,中段管路17与下段管路19的连接方式取决于下段管路19的材质,可以将下段管路19设置为薄壁管,当薄壁管的材质为环氧时,可以利用液体树脂或固体树脂将薄壁管固化在中段管路17上。当薄壁管的材质为不锈钢时,既可以运用上述的树脂固化方式进行固定,又可以运用钎焊方式将薄壁管固定在中段管路17上。It should be noted that the connection mode between the middle pipeline 17 and the lower pipeline 19 depends on the material of the lower pipeline 19, and the lower pipeline 19 can be set as a thin-walled pipe. When the material of the thin-walled pipe is epoxy, it can be The thin-walled tube is solidified on the middle pipeline 17 by using liquid resin or solid resin. When the material of the thin-walled tube is stainless steel, the above-mentioned resin curing method can be used for fixing, and the thin-walled tube can be fixed on the middle pipeline 17 by brazing.
优选的,下段管路19的内壁沿轴向设有至少一个用于安装高温超导带材14的凹槽,高温超导带材14和凹槽之间通过树脂固化连接。Preferably, the inner wall of the lower pipeline 19 is axially provided with at least one groove for installing the high-temperature superconducting strip 14 , and the high-temperature superconducting strip 14 and the groove are connected by resin curing.
需要说明的是,下段管路19和高温超导带材14之间可以通过环氧树脂固化连接,以使高温超导带材14与薄壁管成为整体,薄壁管对高温超导 带材14具有机械保护作用。如图7所示,可以将高温超导带材14均布在薄壁管上,且高温超导带材14的数量不限于4个,高温超导带材14的实际数量取决于磁体运行的电流大小。也即可以在实际运用过程中,根据实际情况和实际需求,对凹槽的形状、位置、个数等进行确定。It should be noted that the connection between the lower pipeline 19 and the high-temperature superconducting strip 14 can be cured by epoxy resin, so that the high-temperature superconducting strip 14 and the thin-walled tube become an integral body, and the thin-walled tube is connected to the high-temperature superconducting strip. 14 has mechanical protection. As shown in Figure 7, the high-temperature superconducting strips 14 can be uniformly distributed on the thin-walled tube, and the quantity of the high-temperature superconducting strips 14 is not limited to 4, and the actual number of the high-temperature superconducting strips 14 depends on the operation of the magnet. Current size. That is to say, the shape, position, number, etc. of the grooves can be determined according to the actual situation and actual needs in the actual application process.
在上述实施例的基础上,优选的,下段管路19的底部设有引线底座20,引线底座20为纯铜材质件。引线底座20可有效固定电流引线6。而且,下段管路19与引线底座20的连接方式与下段管路19与中段管路17的连接方式相同,也即下段管路19与引线底座20的具体连接方式取决于薄壁管的材质。On the basis of the above embodiments, preferably, the bottom of the lower pipeline 19 is provided with a lead base 20, and the lead base 20 is made of pure copper. The lead base 20 can effectively fix the current lead 6 . Moreover, the connection mode between the lower pipeline 19 and the lead base 20 is the same as the connection mode between the lower pipeline 19 and the middle pipeline 17, that is, the specific connection mode between the lower pipeline 19 and the lead base 20 depends on the material of the thin-walled tube.
优选的,引线底座20和4K内电缆10通过锡焊连接,以确保由外接电源9、励磁电缆8、电流引线6、4K内电缆10以及超导线圈2所构成的流通回路有效导通。Preferably, the lead base 20 and the 4K inner cable 10 are connected by soldering to ensure effective conduction of the circulation loop formed by the external power supply 9 , the excitation cable 8 , the current lead 6 , the 4K inner cable 10 and the superconducting coil 2 .
优选的,上段管路18和下段管路19的壁面均设有通气孔21,结构如图5所示。其中,在上段管路18和下段管路19的壁面均开设通气孔21,是因为通气孔21可以加强对流换热效果,以保证电流引线6在励磁或退磁时能够得到充分的冷却降温。可以在实际运用过程中,根据实际情况和实际需求,对通气孔21的数量、大小以及位置等进行确定。Preferably, vent holes 21 are provided on the walls of the upper pipeline 18 and the lower pipeline 19 , as shown in FIG. 5 . Wherein, vent holes 21 are provided on the walls of the upper pipeline 18 and the lower pipeline 19, because the vent holes 21 can enhance the effect of convective heat transfer, so as to ensure that the current lead 6 can be sufficiently cooled during excitation or demagnetization. The number, size and position of the ventilation holes 21 can be determined according to the actual situation and actual needs during actual operation.
优选的,绝缘件13包括夹设于中段管路17和金属法兰12之间的填充块,填充块为氮化铝材质件。也即可以在中段管路17与金属法兰12之间利用氮化铝进行填塞,氮化铝具有绝缘导冷作用,以确保金属法兰12对电流引线6仅进行导冷、不进行导电。Preferably, the insulator 13 includes a filling block sandwiched between the middle pipeline 17 and the metal flange 12, and the filling block is made of aluminum nitride. That is to say, aluminum nitride can be used to fill between the middle pipeline 17 and the metal flange 12 . Aluminum nitride has the function of insulating and conducting cold, so as to ensure that the metal flange 12 only conducts cooling and does not conduct electricity to the current lead 6 .
优选的,中段管路17和金属法兰12的连接处设有固体树脂件22。可以将金属法兰12的材质设置为纯铜,并利用固体树脂件22将电流引线6的中段管路17固定在金属法兰12上,无需反复插拔电流引线6。Preferably, a solid resin piece 22 is provided at the connection between the middle pipeline 17 and the metal flange 12 . The metal flange 12 can be made of pure copper, and the middle pipeline 17 of the current lead 6 can be fixed on the metal flange 12 by using the solid resin part 22, so that the current lead 6 does not need to be inserted and pulled out repeatedly.
可以在实际运用过程中,根据实际情况和实际需求,对填充块和固体树脂件22的形状、结构、位置等进行确定。The shape, structure, position, etc. of the filling block and the solid resin piece 22 can be determined according to the actual situation and actual needs during actual operation.
另外,还需要说明的是,本申请的“上下”、“左右”等指示的方位或位置关系,是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于简化描述和便于理解,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以 特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。In addition, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by "up and down", "left and right" in this application is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of simplified description and understanding, rather than Nothing indicating or implying that a referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed, and operate in a particular orientation should therefore not be construed as limiting the invention.
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处,各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。本发明所提供的所有实施例的任意组合方式均在此发明的保护范围内,在此不做赘述。Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other. Any combination of all the embodiments provided by the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention, and will not be repeated here.
以上对本发明所提供的气冷电流引线及超导磁体***进行了详细介绍。本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述,以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰,这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。The air-cooled current leads and the superconducting magnet system provided by the present invention have been introduced in detail above. In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- 一种气冷电流引线及超导磁体***,其特征在于,包括:装有液氦(1)和超导线圈(2)的4K容器(3)、用于加热所述液氦(1)的加热器(4)、具有降温冷却功能的冷头装置(5)、电流引线(6)以及控制装置(7),所述电流引线(6)的上端可通过励磁电缆(8)分别与外接电源(9)的接头正极、接头负极连接,所述电流引线(6)的下端可通过4K内电缆(10)分别与所述超导线圈(2)的接头正极、接头负极连接,所述加热器(4)、所述冷头装置(5)以及所述外接电源(9)均与所述控制装置(7)连接;An air-cooled current lead and a superconducting magnet system, characterized in that it comprises: a 4K container (3) equipped with liquid helium (1) and a superconducting coil (2), a heating device for heating the liquid helium (1) The heater (4), the cold head device (5) with cooling function, the current lead (6) and the control device (7), the upper end of the current lead (6) can be respectively connected to the external power supply through the excitation cable (8) (9) is connected to the positive pole of the joint and the negative pole of the joint, and the lower end of the current lead (6) can be connected to the positive pole of the joint and the negative pole of the joint of the superconducting coil (2) respectively through a 4K inner cable (10). (4), the cold head device (5) and the external power supply (9) are both connected to the control device (7);所述电流引线(6)为管状结构、且顶部设有用于排出氦气(23)的排气管(11),所述电流引线(6)和所述冷头装置(5)通过同一金属法兰(12)固定在所述4K容器(3)内,所述电流引线(6)和所述金属法兰(12)之间夹设有绝缘件(13),所述电流引线(6)的位于所述金属法兰(12)下方的管状结构内贴设有高温超导带材(14)。The current lead (6) is a tubular structure, and the top is provided with an exhaust pipe (11) for discharging helium (23), and the current lead (6) and the cold head device (5) pass the same metal method The flange (12) is fixed in the 4K container (3), an insulator (13) is sandwiched between the current lead (6) and the metal flange (12), and the current lead (6) A high temperature superconducting strip (14) is pasted in the tubular structure below the metal flange (12).
- 根据权利要求1所述的气冷电流引线及超导磁体***,其特征在于,所述电流引线(6)包括两个对称分布的引线管(15),两个所述引线管(15)的顶部连通,所述引线管(15)的连通处顶部设有所述排气管(11),所述连通处的外周部套设有过渡环(16),所述过渡环(16)为绝缘材质件。The air-cooled current lead wire and superconducting magnet system according to claim 1, wherein the current lead wire (6) comprises two symmetrically distributed lead tubes (15), and the two lead tubes (15) The top is connected, and the exhaust pipe (11) is provided on the top of the connection of the lead pipe (15), and the outer circumference of the connection is provided with a transition ring (16), and the transition ring (16) is an insulating Material pieces.
- 根据权利要求2所述的气冷电流引线及超导磁体***,其特征在于,与所述金属法兰(12)连接的所述引线管(15)为中段管路(17),位于所述金属法兰(12)上方的所述引线管(15)为上段管路(18),所述上段管路(18)为不锈钢件、黄铜件或纯铜件,所述中段管路(17)为纯铜件,所述上段管路(18)与所述中段管路(17)通过真空钎焊连接或锡焊连接。The air-cooled current lead wire and superconducting magnet system according to claim 2, characterized in that, the lead pipe (15) connected to the metal flange (12) is a middle pipeline (17), located in the The lead pipe (15) above the metal flange (12) is an upper pipeline (18), and the upper pipeline (18) is a stainless steel piece, a brass piece or a pure copper piece, and the middle pipeline (17 ) is a pure copper piece, and the upper pipeline (18) and the middle pipeline (17) are connected by vacuum brazing or soldering.
- 根据权利要求3所述的气冷电流引线及超导磁体***,其特征在于,位于所述金属法兰(12)下方的所述引线管(15)为下段管路(19),所述下段管路(19)为环氧材质件或不锈钢材质件,所述下段管路(19)与所述中段管路(17)通过树脂固化连接或钎焊连接。The air-cooled current lead wire and superconducting magnet system according to claim 3, characterized in that, the lead tube (15) located below the metal flange (12) is a lower section pipeline (19), and the lower section The pipeline (19) is made of epoxy material or stainless steel, and the lower pipeline (19) and the middle pipeline (17) are connected by resin curing or brazing.
- 根据权利要求4所述的气冷电流引线及超导磁体***,其特征在于,所述下段管路(19)的内壁沿轴向设有至少一个用于安装所述高温超导带材(14)的凹槽,所述高温超导带材(14)和所述凹槽之间通过树脂固化 连接。The air-cooled current lead wire and superconducting magnet system according to claim 4, characterized in that, the inner wall of the lower pipeline (19) is axially provided with at least one for installing the high-temperature superconducting strip (14 ), the high temperature superconducting strip (14) and the groove are connected through resin curing.
- 根据权利要求4所述的气冷电流引线及超导磁体***,其特征在于,所述下段管路(19)的底部设有引线底座(20),所述引线底座(20)为纯铜材质件。The air-cooled current lead and superconducting magnet system according to claim 4, characterized in that, the bottom of the lower pipeline (19) is provided with a lead base (20), and the lead base (20) is made of pure copper pieces.
- 根据权利要求6所述的气冷电流引线及超导磁体***,其特征在于,所述引线底座(20)和所述4K内电缆(10)通过锡焊连接。The air-cooled current lead and superconducting magnet system according to claim 6, characterized in that the lead base (20) and the 4K inner cable (10) are connected by soldering.
- 根据权利要求4至7任一项所述的气冷电流引线及超导磁体***,其特征在于,所述上段管路(18)和所述下段管路(19)的壁面均设有通气孔(21)。The air-cooled current lead wire and superconducting magnet system according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the walls of the upper pipeline (18) and the lower pipeline (19) are provided with vent holes (twenty one).
- 根据权利要求3至7任一项所述的气冷电流引线及超导磁体***,其特征在于,所述绝缘件(13)包括夹设于所述中段管路(17)和所述金属法兰(12)之间的填充块,所述填充块为氮化铝材质件。The air-cooled current lead wire and superconducting magnet system according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that, the insulator (13) includes a metal frame sandwiched between the middle pipeline (17) and the metal method. Filling blocks between the flanges (12), the filling blocks are made of aluminum nitride.
- 根据权利要求3至7任一项所述的气冷电流引线及超导磁体***,其特征在于,所述中段管路(17)和所述金属法兰(12)的连接处设有固体树脂件(22)。The air-cooled current lead and superconducting magnet system according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that a solid resin is provided at the connection between the middle pipeline (17) and the metal flange (12) pieces (22).
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CN117894546A (en) * | 2024-03-14 | 2024-04-16 | 能量奇点能源科技(上海)有限公司 | High-temperature superconductive current lead cooling device |
CN117894546B (en) * | 2024-03-14 | 2024-05-10 | 能量奇点能源科技(上海)有限公司 | High-temperature superconductive current lead cooling device |
CN117936222A (en) * | 2024-03-22 | 2024-04-26 | 宁波健信超导科技股份有限公司 | Superconducting magnet excitation low-temperature system |
CN117936222B (en) * | 2024-03-22 | 2024-05-28 | 宁波健信超导科技股份有限公司 | Superconducting magnet excitation low-temperature system |
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CN114038645B (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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