WO2023134089A1 - Surface treatment method for fiber-based photovoltaic backplane, and anti-aging fiber-based photovoltaic backplane - Google Patents

Surface treatment method for fiber-based photovoltaic backplane, and anti-aging fiber-based photovoltaic backplane Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023134089A1
WO2023134089A1 PCT/CN2022/090820 CN2022090820W WO2023134089A1 WO 2023134089 A1 WO2023134089 A1 WO 2023134089A1 CN 2022090820 W CN2022090820 W CN 2022090820W WO 2023134089 A1 WO2023134089 A1 WO 2023134089A1
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photovoltaic
curing
protective coating
fiber
coating
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PCT/CN2022/090820
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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徐征阳
王伟力
练成荣
施正荣
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上迈(镇江)新能源科技有限公司
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/002—Pretreatement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0209—Multistage baking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0254—After-treatment
    • B05D3/0272—After-treatment with ovens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/08—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by flames
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/14—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by electrical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic encapsulation, in particular to a surface treatment method for a fiber-based photovoltaic backplane, and the invention also relates to an aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backplane applying the pretreatment method.
  • Photovoltaic backsheets used for the backside packaging of photovoltaic modules usually need to have good barrier water vapor permeability, aging resistance and mechanical strength at the same time. For this reason, the applicant first proposed a fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet.
  • fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet In order to improve the fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet To further improve aging resistance or other properties, people usually hope to further provide a functional coating with excellent aging resistance effect on the fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet.
  • fiber-based photovoltaic backsheets unlike traditional photovoltaic backsheets (usually PET backsheets) that are easy to curl and coat, fiber-based photovoltaic backsheets have high rigid structural strength, so they cannot directly refer to the coating technology of existing photovoltaic backsheets. As a result, it is difficult to further improve the composite function of the fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a surface treatment method for fiber-based photovoltaic backsheets, and an aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet, which combines surface pretreatment and protective coating coating technology, which significantly enhances the protection of protective coatings on the basis of The curing and molding effect of the surface of the photovoltaic backplane matrix formed by fiber materials has finally realized the effect of improving the composite function of the fiber-based photovoltaic backplane.
  • a surface treatment method for a fiber-based photovoltaic backplane comprising a photovoltaic backplane matrix based on composite molding of fiber materials, comprising the following steps:
  • the protective coating is cured through a curing process to obtain a protective coating formed on the surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate, and obtain a fiber-based photovoltaic backplane.
  • the pretreatment includes corona treatment or flame treatment, so that the dyne value of the photovoltaic backplane substrate on the surface is not lower than 48 dyn/cm.
  • the coating process adopts a screen printing process or a gravure printing process or a spraying process or a flow coating process; the protective coating is in a planar shape or in a grid shape.
  • the protective coating includes a fluorine-containing coating
  • the fluorine-containing coating includes a fluorocarbon resin and a curing agent capable of cross-linking and curing with the fluorocarbon resin.
  • the curing process includes a pre-curing step and a complete curing step, wherein, through the pre-curing step, the surface layer of the protective coating is cross-linked and cured/and in the protective coating The solvent is volatilized; through the complete curing step, the fluorocarbon resin or thermosetting resin and its corresponding curing agent undergo a complete cross-linking curing reaction.
  • the pre-curing temperature in the pre-curing step is 150-175° C., and/or the pre-curing time is not higher than 5 minutes.
  • the curing temperature in the complete curing step is 50-60° C., and/or the curing time is not less than 24 hours.
  • the pre-curing step is performed in a tunnel oven and the full curing step is performed in an oven.
  • the protective paint includes a black paint
  • the black paint includes a thermosetting resin, a curing agent capable of cross-linking and curing with the thermosetting resin, and a black pigment.
  • step S40) is further included, performing pretreatment on at least one surface of the fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet to increase the dyne value of the fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet on this surface, which facilitates the subsequent photovoltaic module lamination process.
  • an aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet is prepared by the above-mentioned surface treatment method, and the protective coating is an aging-resistant protective coating.
  • an aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet includes a black protective coating on one surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate, the black protective coating is grid-like and corresponds to the gaps between the photovoltaic cells; And an aging-resistant protective coating located on the other surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate; wherein, the black protective coating and/or the aging-resistant protective coating are prepared by the above-mentioned surface treatment method.
  • the dyne value involved in this application specifically refers to the size of the surface tension coefficient, which is obtained by testing with a dyne pen; the coating thickness is obtained by testing according to the GB/T13452.2-2008 standard.
  • this application proposes to perform surface pretreatment on the photovoltaic backplane substrate based on composite molding of fiber materials to increase the dyne value and then apply protective coatings, this will significantly enhance the curing of protective coatings on the surface of photovoltaic backplane substrates based on composite molding of fiber materials Forming effect, and finally realized the composite function improvement effect on the fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet; this application further proposes a two-stage curing process (including a pre-curing step and a complete curing step) for protective coatings, and the protection is achieved through the pre-curing step.
  • the preliminary cross-linking of the coating not only further facilitates the curing and molding effect and improves the adhesion performance, but also ensures that the pretreated photovoltaic backplanes will not adhere when stacked, and then implement a complete curing step, which is convenient for processing manufacturing, improving production efficiency.
  • Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the surface treatment method steps of the fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet under the specific embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 2 is a physical photo of an aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet according to a specific embodiment of the present application (wherein, the surface shown in the photo is the surface where the black protective coating is located).
  • the embodiment of the present invention discloses a surface treatment method for a fiber-based photovoltaic backplane, including a photovoltaic backplane matrix based on composite molding of fiber materials.
  • the photovoltaic backplane matrix is made of thermosetting powder coating composite fiber cloth, preferably, fiber cloth
  • the material is any one of glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, or non-woven fabric.
  • the thermosetting powder coating can be a well-known acrylic powder coating or weather-resistant polyester powder coating or fluorocarbon powder coating or epoxy powder coating.
  • Powder coating or epoxy-polyester hybrid powder coating or other known thermosetting powder coatings this embodiment does not specifically and uniquely limit it, specifically preferably, the photovoltaic module packaging material technology previously proposed by the applicant can be directly used: CN201610685536.0, CN201610685240.9 and CN201610927464.6; in other embodiments, the photovoltaic backplane matrix can also use thermoplastic polymer composite fiber cloth, and the thermoplastic polymer can be PP (polypropylene), PE (polyethylene), PET (polyethylene terephthalic acid plastics), PA (polyamide), PC (polycarbonate) in any one or the mixing of several, certainly also can be other known thermoplastic polymers, present embodiment is to its It is not particularly limited; specifically, preferably, in this embodiment, the photovoltaic backplane substrate can be a continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polymer unidirectional tape (including a single-layer structure or a multi-layer laminate structure, for example, the applicant can specifically use the The first proposed photovoltaic composite back
  • the surface treatment method includes the following steps:
  • the pretreatment includes corona treatment or flame treatment or other Known surface treatment process, so that the dyne value of the photovoltaic backplane substrate on the surface is not lower than 48dyn/cm, more preferably 49-60dyn/cm; more preferably, in this embodiment, the pretreatment adopts corona treatment , can significantly increase the wettability of the surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate, and finally improve the adhesion between the subsequent protective coating and the photovoltaic backplane substrate; in specific implementation, a corona machine can be used to implement the corona treatment.
  • the highest power can reach 10KW, and the power used in the specific implementation can be adjusted for the corona effect in specific practical applications.
  • This embodiment does not specifically limit it.
  • the working power of the corona machine can be set at 2-10KW, more preferably It is 3-6KW.
  • the coating process adopts a screen printing process or a gravure printing process or a spraying process or
  • the flow coating process can also adopt other coating processes with similar effects; specifically preferably, in this embodiment, the coating process adopts a screen printing process, which can be directly implemented by a known screen printing machine; preferably , in this embodiment, the protective coating is planar or grid-shaped, and can also be arranged in other suitable shapes according to needs; preferably, in this embodiment, the protective coating includes fluorine-containing coatings, and the fluorine-containing coatings include Fluorocarbon resins and curing agents that can undergo cross-linking and curing reactions with fluorocarbon resins can achieve excellent weather resistance and aging resistance protection effects; further preferably, in order to facilitate high-precision coating and printing effects, fluorine-containing coatings are preferably liquid The fluorine-containing paint specifically includes a fluorine
  • the protective coating can also use black coatings, black coatings include thermosetting resins, which can undergo cross-linking and curing reactions with thermosetting resins Curing agent and black pigment, further preferably, thermosetting resin can adopt acrylic resin and/or epoxy resin and/or polyester resin and/or fluorocarbon resin and/or other known thermosetting resin, and curing agent can be selected according to actual situation
  • thermosetting resin can adopt acrylic resin and/or epoxy resin and/or polyester resin and/or fluorocarbon resin and/or other known thermosetting resin, and curing agent can be selected according to actual situation
  • the specific selection of the thermosetting resin is carried out, and the added weight part is also selected according to the weight part of the thermosetting resin, as long as the complete cross-linking and curing effect of the thermosetting resin can be satisfied, this embodiment does not specifically limit it;
  • Black pigment can specifically adopt black inorganic pigment (for example carbon black)
  • the curing process is used to complete the curing of the protective coating, to obtain a protective coating formed on the surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate, and to obtain a fiber-based photovoltaic backplane; wherein preferably, the curing process usually adopts a thermal curing process to achieve curing and molding, preferably,
  • the curing process includes a pre-curing step and a complete curing step, wherein the surface layer of the protective coating is cross-linked and cured through the pre-curing step, and at the same time the organic solvent in the protective coating is volatilized; through the complete curing step, the fluorine The carbon resin or thermosetting resin and its corresponding curing agent undergo a complete cross-linking curing reaction; further preferably, in this embodiment, a pre-curing step is performed in a tunnel furnace, and a complete curing step is performed in a drying room; wherein, the pre-curing step The pre-curing temperature is 150-175 °C, and/or the pre
  • step S40 at least One surface is pretreated to increase the dyne value of the fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet on the surface, which is beneficial to the subsequent lamination process of photovoltaic modules and improves the bonding effect between laminated composites; preferably, the pretreatment method and The steps can fully refer to the preferred preprocessing scheme of the above-mentioned step S10). Finally, it can be packaged and put into storage.
  • this embodiment proposes an aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet, which is prepared by the above surface treatment method, and the protective coating is an aging-resistant protective coating.
  • this embodiment also proposes an aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backplane, including a black protective coating on one surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate, and an aging-resistant protective coating on the other surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate; wherein , the black protective coating and the aging-resistant protective coating are prepared by the above surface treatment method; further preferably, the aging-resistant protective coating is planar, and the black protective coating is grid-like and connected to the photovoltaic cells
  • the gap is corresponding; preferably, in this embodiment, the thickness of the anti-aging protective coating is 5-50 microns, more preferably 5-30 microns; and/or, the thickness of the black protective coating is 1-50 microns, More preferably 1-30 microns.
  • this embodiment also proposes a photovoltaic module, including a photovoltaic front plate, a photovoltaic cell string, and a photovoltaic back plate.
  • the photovoltaic back plate adopts the above-mentioned aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic back plate, wherein the aging-resistant protective coating
  • the black protective coating is used as the inner layer of the photovoltaic backplane;
  • the photovoltaic cell string includes several photovoltaic cells connected in series and/or in parallel, and the black protective coating is in the form of Grid shape, corresponding to the gap between the photovoltaic cells;
  • the photovoltaic cell cells adopt any known cell (including crystalline or amorphous, including silicon or non-silicon materials, including whole or Half slice, 1/3 slice, or 1/4 slice, etc.), this embodiment does not specifically limit it; specifically, preferably, this embodiment uses crystalline silicon cells.
  • the black protective coating and the aging-resistant protective coating can be prepared respectively according to the above method, as in a further preferred solution, in order to facilitate the improvement of preparation efficiency, different pre-curing steps can be used, but the same complete curing step can be used to achieve complete curing (also known as aging) to the black protective coating and the aging-resistant protective coating at the same time .
  • planar coating involved in this application refers to covering the entire surface of the photovoltaic backplane, and the grid-shaped black coating only needs to be used to cover each photovoltaic cell in the corresponding photovoltaic cell string.
  • the gaps between the photovoltaic cells make the gaps between the photovoltaic cells appear black, which is beneficial to the overall color aesthetics of the photovoltaic modules.
  • Example 1 An aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backplane, using the encapsulation material provided by CN201610685240.9 as a photovoltaic backplane matrix based on composite molding of fiber materials, with a thickness of 3mm; through a corona machine (working power set at 6KW) to the photovoltaic Corona treatment is carried out on one surface of the backplane substrate, and the dyne value of the corona-treated photovoltaic backplane substrate on this surface reaches 52 dyn/cm after detection by a dyne pen; Coating liquid fluorine-containing coatings, wherein the weight ratio of fluorocarbon resin, curing agent, and organic solvent in the liquid fluorine-containing coatings is 22:1:8; the coated photovoltaic backplane substrate is coated in a tunnel furnace Implement a pre-curing step (pre-curing temperature is 165°C, pre-curing time is 2.5 minutes), and then transfer to a drying room for a complete curing step
  • Embodiment 2 the remaining technical solutions of this embodiment 2 are the same as those of embodiment 1, the difference is that in this embodiment 2, the liquid fluorine-containing paint in embodiment 1 is replaced by a liquid black paint, wherein the acrylic acid in the liquid black paint The weight ratio between resin, curing agent, carbon black, and organic solvent is 22:1:10:6, and the black protective coating is grid-shaped. After testing, the thickness of the black protective coating is 15 microns; of course
  • the thermosetting resin in the liquid black paint can also be fluorocarbon resin or other known thermosetting resins, which are not specifically and uniquely limited in this embodiment.
  • Embodiment 3 The remaining technical solutions of this embodiment 3 are the same as those of embodiment 1, the difference is that, please refer to Figure 2 further, on the basis of the aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet obtained in embodiment 1, an electric Sick machine (working power is set at 5KW) for corona treatment, after detection by dyne pen, it is confirmed that the dyne value of the photovoltaic backplane substrate after corona treatment on the surface reaches 50dyn/cm; Machine-coated liquid black paint, wherein the weight ratio of acrylic resin, curing agent, black organic dye, and organic solvent in the liquid black paint is 20:1:1:20; The photovoltaic backplane matrix is subjected to a pre-curing step (pre-curing temperature is 170°C, pre-curing time is 1.5 minutes), and then transferred to a drying room for a complete curing step (curing temperature is 50°C, curing time is 50 hours), so that the liquid The black paint is completely cured, and the black
  • Embodiment 4 Please refer further to Fig. 2, a kind of aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backboard, adopt the encapsulation material provided by CN201610685240.9 as the photovoltaic backplane matrix based on composite molding of fiber material, the thickness is 3mm; through the corona machine ( The working power is set at 6KW) Corona treatment is carried out on the two surfaces of the photovoltaic backplane substrate, and the dyne value of the two surfaces in the photovoltaic backplane substrate after the corona treatment is confirmed to reach 52dyn/cm by the detection of the dyne pen Above; one of the surfaces is coated with a liquid fluorine-containing paint by a screen printing machine, wherein the ratio of fluorocarbon resin, curing agent, and organic solvent in the liquid fluorine-containing paint is 22:1:10; Implement a pre-curing step (pre-curing temperature is 165 ° C, pre-curing time is 2.5 minutes) to the photovoltaic back
  • pre-curing temperature is 150°C, pre-curing time is 5 minutes
  • a drying room for a complete curing step (curing temperature is 60°C, curing time is 45 hours)
  • the protective coating is completely cured
  • the black protective coating is grid-like
  • the thickness of the anti-aging protective coating 2 is 20 microns
  • the thickness of the black protective coating 2 is 10 microns.
  • Embodiment 5 The remaining technical solutions of this embodiment 5 are the same as those of embodiment 1, except that in this embodiment 5, the photovoltaic composite backplane provided by CN211555907U is used as the photovoltaic backplane matrix.
  • Comparative example 1 The packaging material provided by CN201610685240.9 is used directly as a photovoltaic backplane.
  • Comparative example 2 The remaining technical solutions of this comparative example 2 are the same as those of Example 1, the difference is that this comparative example 2 does not perform corona treatment in advance, and directly manufactures an aging-resistant protective coating on the surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate.
  • Comparative example 3 The remaining technical solutions of this comparative example 3 are the same as those of Example 2, the difference is that this comparative example 3 does not perform corona treatment in advance, and directly manufactures a black protective coating on the surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate.
  • Comparative example 4 The remaining technical solutions of this comparative example 4 are the same as those of Example 4, the difference is that this comparative example 3 does not perform corona treatment in advance, and directly manufactures an aging-resistant protective coating and a black protective coating on the surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate.
  • Comparative example 5 The photovoltaic composite backsheet provided by CN211555907U is directly used as the photovoltaic backsheet.
  • liquid containing The anti-aging protective coating formed by the fluorine coating has excellent weather resistance and anti-aging effect, and at the same time significantly improves the hardness of the coating, which is very suitable as the external protective layer structure of photovoltaic modules.
  • the application further sets up the following embodiments:
  • Embodiment 6 The remaining technical solutions of this embodiment 6 are the same as those of embodiment 2, the difference is that the black protective coating is arranged in a plane shape.
  • Embodiment 7 The remaining technical solutions of this embodiment 7 are the same as those of embodiment 4, except that the black protective coating is arranged in a plane shape.
  • Example 2 Example 4
  • Example 6 Example 7 Reflectivity ⁇ 20% ⁇ 20% ⁇ 6% ⁇ 6%
  • grid-shaped black protective coating is not only beneficial to the overall color aesthetics of photovoltaic modules, but also has significantly better performance in terms of reflectivity than the overall planar black protective coating.
  • the applied photovoltaic module power is increased by 5-10%.
  • the test standard for the cross-cut grade involved in this application is ISO2409-2013
  • the test standard for the hardness of the coating involved is GB/T1730-93
  • the UV resistance test involved is carried out according to the provisions of 10.10 in IEC 61215:2005 , the specific test method is: cut three 100mm ⁇ 100mm samples, the test temperature is (60 ⁇ 5) °C; apply UVA wavelength: 320nm ⁇ 400nm, of which the minimum applied UVB wavelength: 300nm ⁇ 320nm; take out the sample after the test, Check and record whether the sample is delaminated, blistered, cracked, and sticky; the reflectance involved is based on the test standard GB/T29848-2013, and is tested with a spectrophotometer.

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Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are a surface treatment method for a fiber-based photovoltaic backplane and an anti-aging fiber-based photovoltaic backplane, comprising a photovoltaic backplane matrix based on fiber material composite molding, and comprising the following operation steps: S10), pretreating at least one surface of the photovoltaic backplane matrix to improve a dyne value of the photovoltaic backplane matrix on the surface; S20), coating the surface of the pretreated photovoltaic backplane matrix with a protective coating material by means of a coating process; and S30), curing the protective coating material by means of a curing process to obtain a protective coating formed on the surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate, so as to obtain a fiber-based photovoltaic backplane. In the present invention, surface pretreatment and a coating process for a protective coating material are applied in combination, so that the curing forming effect of the protective coating material on the surface of the photovoltaic backplane matrix based on fiber material composite molding is obviously enhanced, and finally a composite function of the fiber-based photovoltaic backplane is improved.

Description

纤维基光伏背板的表面处理方法、耐老化纤维基光伏背板Surface treatment method of fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet, aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet
本申请要求于2022年01月17日提交中国国家知识产权局专利局，申请号为2022100516787、发明名称为“纤维基光伏背板的表面处理方法、耐老化纤维基光伏背板”的中国专利申请优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application is required to be submitted to the Patent Office of the State Intellectual Property Office of China on January 17, 2022. The application number is 2022100516787, and the Chinese patent application titled "Surface Treatment Method for Fiber-based Photovoltaic Backsheet, Aging-resistant Fiber-based Photovoltaic Backsheet" priority, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application.
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及光伏封装技术领域，具体涉及一种纤维基光伏背板的表面处理方法，本发明还涉及了应用该预处理方法的耐老化纤维基光伏背板。The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic encapsulation, in particular to a surface treatment method for a fiber-based photovoltaic backplane, and the invention also relates to an aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backplane applying the pretreatment method.
背景技术Background technique
用于光伏组件背面封装的光伏背板通常需要同时具有良好的阻隔水汽透过性、耐老化性以及机械强度，本申请人为此在先提出了纤维基光伏背板，为了对纤维基光伏背板进一步改善耐老化或其他性能，人们通常希望在纤维基光伏背板上进一步设置具有优异耐老化效果的功能涂层。然而与易进行卷曲、涂覆的传统光伏背板(通常为PET背板)不同，由于纤维基光伏背板具有较高的刚性结构强度，因此无法直接参照现有光伏背板的涂覆技术，导致难以对纤维基光伏背板做进一步复合功能改善。Photovoltaic backsheets used for the backside packaging of photovoltaic modules usually need to have good barrier water vapor permeability, aging resistance and mechanical strength at the same time. For this reason, the applicant first proposed a fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet. In order to improve the fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet To further improve aging resistance or other properties, people usually hope to further provide a functional coating with excellent aging resistance effect on the fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet. However, unlike traditional photovoltaic backsheets (usually PET backsheets) that are easy to curl and coat, fiber-based photovoltaic backsheets have high rigid structural strength, so they cannot directly refer to the coating technology of existing photovoltaic backsheets. As a result, it is difficult to further improve the composite function of the fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet.
为此，本申请人基于以上技术现状，决定寻求技术方案来解决以上技术问题。For this reason, the applicant decided to seek a technical solution to solve the above technical problems based on the above technical status.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种纤维基光伏背板的表面处理方法、耐老化纤维基光伏背板，结合应用了表面预处理和防护涂料涂覆工艺，明显增强了防护涂料在基于纤维材料复合成型的光伏背板基体表面的固化成 型效果，最终实现了对纤维基光伏背板的复合功能改善效果。In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a surface treatment method for fiber-based photovoltaic backsheets, and an aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet, which combines surface pretreatment and protective coating coating technology, which significantly enhances the protection of protective coatings on the basis of The curing and molding effect of the surface of the photovoltaic backplane matrix formed by fiber materials has finally realized the effect of improving the composite function of the fiber-based photovoltaic backplane.
本发明采用的技术方案如下：The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows:
一种纤维基光伏背板的表面处理方法，包括基于纤维材料复合成型的光伏背板基体，包括如下操作步骤：A surface treatment method for a fiber-based photovoltaic backplane, comprising a photovoltaic backplane matrix based on composite molding of fiber materials, comprising the following steps:
S10)、对所述光伏背板基体的至少一个表面进行预处理，提高所述光伏背板基体在该表面的达因值；S10), performing pretreatment on at least one surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate to increase the dyne value of the photovoltaic backplane substrate on the surface;
S20)、通过涂覆工艺在经预处理后的光伏背板基体表面上涂覆防护涂料；S20), coating a protective coating on the surface of the pretreated photovoltaic backplane substrate through a coating process;
S30)、通过固化工艺使得所述防护涂料完成固化，得到成型在光伏背板基体表面的防护涂层，得到纤维基光伏背板。S30), the protective coating is cured through a curing process to obtain a protective coating formed on the surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate, and obtain a fiber-based photovoltaic backplane.
优选地，在所述步骤S10)中，所述预处理包括电晕处理或火焰处理，使得所述光伏背板基体在该表面的达因值不低于48dyn/cm。Preferably, in the step S10), the pretreatment includes corona treatment or flame treatment, so that the dyne value of the photovoltaic backplane substrate on the surface is not lower than 48 dyn/cm.
优选地，在所述步骤S20)中，所述涂覆工艺采用丝网印刷工艺或凹版印刷工艺或喷涂工艺或淋涂工艺；所述防护涂层呈平面状或呈网格状。Preferably, in the step S20), the coating process adopts a screen printing process or a gravure printing process or a spraying process or a flow coating process; the protective coating is in a planar shape or in a grid shape.
优选地，所述防护涂料包括含氟涂料，所述含氟涂料包括氟碳树脂以及可与所述氟碳树脂发生交联固化反应的固化剂。Preferably, the protective coating includes a fluorine-containing coating, and the fluorine-containing coating includes a fluorocarbon resin and a curing agent capable of cross-linking and curing with the fluorocarbon resin.
优选地，在所述步骤S30)中，所述固化工艺包括预固化步骤和完全固化步骤，其中，通过所述预固化步骤使得所述防护涂料的表层进行交联固化/和所述防护涂料中的溶剂被挥发；通过所述完全固化步骤使得所述氟碳树脂或热固性树脂与其对应的固化剂发生完全交联固化反应。Preferably, in the step S30), the curing process includes a pre-curing step and a complete curing step, wherein, through the pre-curing step, the surface layer of the protective coating is cross-linked and cured/and in the protective coating The solvent is volatilized; through the complete curing step, the fluorocarbon resin or thermosetting resin and its corresponding curing agent undergo a complete cross-linking curing reaction.
优选地，所述预固化步骤中的预固化温度为150-175℃，和/或预固化时间不高于5分钟。Preferably, the pre-curing temperature in the pre-curing step is 150-175° C., and/or the pre-curing time is not higher than 5 minutes.
优选地，所述完全固化步骤中的固化温度为50-60℃，和/或固化时间不低于24小时。Preferably, the curing temperature in the complete curing step is 50-60° C., and/or the curing time is not less than 24 hours.
优选地，在隧道炉中进行预固化步骤，在烘房中进行完全固化步骤。Preferably, the pre-curing step is performed in a tunnel oven and the full curing step is performed in an oven.
优选地，所述防护涂料包括黑色涂料，所述黑色涂料包括热固性树脂，可与所述热固性树脂发生交联固化反应的固化剂以及黑色颜料。Preferably, the protective paint includes a black paint, and the black paint includes a thermosetting resin, a curing agent capable of cross-linking and curing with the thermosetting resin, and a black pigment.
优选地，还包括步骤S40)、对所述纤维基光伏背板的至少一个表面进行预处理，提高所述纤维基光伏背板在该表面的达因值，利于后续进行光伏组件层压工艺。Preferably, step S40) is further included, performing pretreatment on at least one surface of the fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet to increase the dyne value of the fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet on this surface, which facilitates the subsequent photovoltaic module lamination process.
优选地，一种耐老化纤维基光伏背板，采用如上所述的表面处理方法制备得到，所述防护涂层为耐老化防护涂层。Preferably, an aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet is prepared by the above-mentioned surface treatment method, and the protective coating is an aging-resistant protective coating.
优选地，一种耐老化纤维基光伏背板，包括位于光伏背板基体一表面的黑色防护涂层，所述黑色防护涂层呈网格状且与各光伏电池片之间的间隙进行对应；以及位于光伏背板基体另一表面的耐老化防护涂层；其中，所述黑色防护涂层和/或所述耐老化防护涂层采用如上所述的表面处理方法制备得到。Preferably, an aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet includes a black protective coating on one surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate, the black protective coating is grid-like and corresponds to the gaps between the photovoltaic cells; And an aging-resistant protective coating located on the other surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate; wherein, the black protective coating and/or the aging-resistant protective coating are prepared by the above-mentioned surface treatment method.
需要特别说明的是，本申请涉及的达因值具体是指表面张力系数的大小，通过达因笔检测得到；涂层厚度是依据GB/T13452.2-2008标准测试得到。It should be noted that the dyne value involved in this application specifically refers to the size of the surface tension coefficient, which is obtained by testing with a dyne pen; the coating thickness is obtained by testing according to the GB/T13452.2-2008 standard.
由于本申请提出基于纤维材料复合成型的光伏背板基体进行表面预处理，使其达因值提高后再涂覆防护涂料，明显增强防护涂料在基于纤维材料复合成型的光伏背板基体表面的固化成型效果，最终实现了对纤维基光伏背板的复合功能改善效果；本申请还进一步提出了针对防护涂料的两段式固化工艺(包括预固化步骤和完全固化步骤)，通过预固化步骤实现防护涂料的初步交联，不仅进一步利于固化成型效果，提高附着力表现，而且还可以确保在经预处理后的光伏背板在叠放时不会发生粘附，然后再实施完全固化步骤，便于加工制造，提高生产效率。Since this application proposes to perform surface pretreatment on the photovoltaic backplane substrate based on composite molding of fiber materials to increase the dyne value and then apply protective coatings, this will significantly enhance the curing of protective coatings on the surface of photovoltaic backplane substrates based on composite molding of fiber materials Forming effect, and finally realized the composite function improvement effect on the fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet; this application further proposes a two-stage curing process (including a pre-curing step and a complete curing step) for protective coatings, and the protection is achieved through the pre-curing step. The preliminary cross-linking of the coating not only further facilitates the curing and molding effect and improves the adhesion performance, but also ensures that the pretreated photovoltaic backplanes will not adhere when stacked, and then implement a complete curing step, which is convenient for processing manufacturing, improving production efficiency.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本申请具体实施方式下纤维基光伏背板的表面处理方法步骤框图；Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the surface treatment method steps of the fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet under the specific embodiment of the present application;
图2是本申请具体实施方式下耐老化纤维基光伏背板的实物照片(其中，该照片所示出的面为黑色防护涂层所在的表面)。Fig. 2 is a physical photo of an aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet according to a specific embodiment of the present application (wherein, the surface shown in the photo is the surface where the black protective coating is located).
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明实施例公开了一种纤维基光伏背板的表面处理方法，包括基于纤维材料复合成型的光伏背板基体，优选地，光伏背板基体采用热固性粉末涂料复合纤维布，优选地，纤维布的材质采用玻璃纤维、碳纤维、芳纶纤维中的任意一种，也可以采用无纺布，热固性粉末涂料可以选用公知的丙烯酸粉末涂料或耐候型聚酯粉末涂料或氟碳粉末涂料或环氧粉末涂料或环氧聚酯混合型粉末涂料或其他公知的热固性粉末涂料，本实施例对其不做特别唯一限定，具体优选地，可以直接采用本申请人在先提出的光伏组件封装材料技术：CN201610685536.0、CN201610685240.9以及CN201610927464.6；在其他实施方式中，光伏背板基体还可以采用热塑性聚合物复合纤维布，热塑性聚合物可以可以为PP(聚丙烯)、PE(聚乙烯)、PET(聚对苯二甲酸类塑料)、PA(聚酰胺)、PC(聚碳酸脂)中的任意一种或几种的混合，当然也可以是其他公知的热塑性聚合物，本实施例对其不做特别限定；具体优选地，在本实施方式中，光伏背板基体可以采用连续性纤维增强热塑性聚合物单向带(包括单层结构或多层叠层结构，例如可具体采用本申请人在先提出的光伏复合背板方案：CN211555907U；当然也可以采用其他公知的基于纤维材料复合成型的光伏背板基体。The embodiment of the present invention discloses a surface treatment method for a fiber-based photovoltaic backplane, including a photovoltaic backplane matrix based on composite molding of fiber materials. Preferably, the photovoltaic backplane matrix is made of thermosetting powder coating composite fiber cloth, preferably, fiber cloth The material is any one of glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, or non-woven fabric. The thermosetting powder coating can be a well-known acrylic powder coating or weather-resistant polyester powder coating or fluorocarbon powder coating or epoxy powder coating. Powder coating or epoxy-polyester hybrid powder coating or other known thermosetting powder coatings, this embodiment does not specifically and uniquely limit it, specifically preferably, the photovoltaic module packaging material technology previously proposed by the applicant can be directly used: CN201610685536.0, CN201610685240.9 and CN201610927464.6; in other embodiments, the photovoltaic backplane matrix can also use thermoplastic polymer composite fiber cloth, and the thermoplastic polymer can be PP (polypropylene), PE (polyethylene), PET (polyethylene terephthalic acid plastics), PA (polyamide), PC (polycarbonate) in any one or the mixing of several, certainly also can be other known thermoplastic polymers, present embodiment is to its It is not particularly limited; specifically, preferably, in this embodiment, the photovoltaic backplane substrate can be a continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polymer unidirectional tape (including a single-layer structure or a multi-layer laminate structure, for example, the applicant can specifically use the The first proposed photovoltaic composite backplane solution: CN211555907U; of course, other known photovoltaic backplane substrates based on composite molding of fiber materials can also be used.
请参见图1所示，在本实施方式中，表面处理方法包括如下操作步骤：Please refer to Fig. 1, in this embodiment, the surface treatment method includes the following steps:
S10)、对光伏背板基体的至少一个表面进行预处理，提高光伏背板基体在该表面的达因值；优选地，在本步骤S10)中，预处理包括电晕处理或火焰处理或其他公知的表面处理工艺，使得光伏背板基体在该表面的达因值不低于48dyn/cm，更优选为49-60dyn/cm；进一步优选地，在本实施方式中，预 处理采用电晕处理，可以明显增加光伏背板基体表面的润湿度，最终提高后续成型的防护涂层与光伏背板基体之间附着力；在具体实施时，可以采用电晕机来实施电晕处理，其中，电晕机的功率最高可以达到10KW，具体实施时所采用的功率可以具体实际应用进行电晕效果调节，本实施例对其不做具体限定，例如，电晕机的工作功率可以设置在2-10KW，更优选为3-6KW。S10), pretreat at least one surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate, and increase the dyne value of the photovoltaic backplane substrate on the surface; preferably, in this step S10), the pretreatment includes corona treatment or flame treatment or other Known surface treatment process, so that the dyne value of the photovoltaic backplane substrate on the surface is not lower than 48dyn/cm, more preferably 49-60dyn/cm; more preferably, in this embodiment, the pretreatment adopts corona treatment , can significantly increase the wettability of the surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate, and finally improve the adhesion between the subsequent protective coating and the photovoltaic backplane substrate; in specific implementation, a corona machine can be used to implement the corona treatment. The highest power can reach 10KW, and the power used in the specific implementation can be adjusted for the corona effect in specific practical applications. This embodiment does not specifically limit it. For example, the working power of the corona machine can be set at 2-10KW, more preferably It is 3-6KW.
S20)、通过涂覆工艺在经预处理后的光伏背板基体表面上涂覆防护涂料；优选地，在本步骤S20)中，涂覆工艺采用丝网印刷工艺或凹版印刷工艺或喷涂工艺或淋涂工艺，当然也可以采用其他具有类似效果的涂覆工艺；具体优选地，在本实施方式中，涂覆工艺采用丝网印刷工艺，可直接采用公知的丝网印刷机进行实施；优选地，在本实施方式中，防护涂层呈平面状或呈网格状，还可以根据需要设置呈其他合适的形状；优选地，在本实施方式中，防护涂料包括含氟涂料，含氟涂料包括氟碳树脂以及可与氟碳树脂发生交联固化反应的固化剂，可以实现优异的耐候、耐老化的防护效果；进一步优选地，为了利于高精度的涂覆印刷效果，含氟涂料优选采用液体含氟涂料，具体包括氟碳树脂(可以采用公知的氟碳树脂)、固化剂(可以采用公知的氟碳树脂固化剂)以及作为稀释功能的有机溶剂，其中，优选地，在本实施方式中，氟碳树脂、固化剂、有机溶剂之间的重量份配比为22:1：(5-30)；当然也可以采用其他的合适配比参数，这些均不会影响本申请的实施效果；作为进一步的优选方案，还可以根据需要向含氟涂料中添加合适的助剂，例如抗氧助剂和/或耐抗紫外老化剂等，本实施例对此不做特别限定，本领域技术人员可以根据公知常识并结合实际需要来做常规技术选择；S20), apply a protective coating on the surface of the pretreated photovoltaic backplane substrate through a coating process; preferably, in this step S20), the coating process adopts a screen printing process or a gravure printing process or a spraying process or The flow coating process, of course, can also adopt other coating processes with similar effects; specifically preferably, in this embodiment, the coating process adopts a screen printing process, which can be directly implemented by a known screen printing machine; preferably , in this embodiment, the protective coating is planar or grid-shaped, and can also be arranged in other suitable shapes according to needs; preferably, in this embodiment, the protective coating includes fluorine-containing coatings, and the fluorine-containing coatings include Fluorocarbon resins and curing agents that can undergo cross-linking and curing reactions with fluorocarbon resins can achieve excellent weather resistance and aging resistance protection effects; further preferably, in order to facilitate high-precision coating and printing effects, fluorine-containing coatings are preferably liquid The fluorine-containing paint specifically includes a fluorocarbon resin (a known fluorocarbon resin can be used), a curing agent (a known fluorocarbon resin curing agent can be used) and an organic solvent as a dilution function, wherein, preferably, in this embodiment , the weight ratio between fluorocarbon resin, curing agent and organic solvent is 22:1: (5-30); of course, other suitable ratio parameters can also be used, and these will not affect the implementation effect of the application; As a further preferred solution, it is also possible to add suitable additives, such as anti-oxidant additives and/or anti-ultraviolet aging agents, etc., to the fluorine-containing coating as required, which is not particularly limited in this embodiment. Those skilled in the art Conventional technology selection can be made based on common knowledge and combined with actual needs;
由于光伏电池串层通常外观上呈现为黑色或深蓝色，而光伏背板基体通常呈现为透明色或白色，因此光伏电池串层中的各电池片之间的间隙为呈现出与光伏电池片不太协调的外观颜色，为了实现对光伏组件的整体颜色美观度，优选地，在本实施方式中，防护涂料还可以采用黑色涂料，黑色涂料包 括热固性树脂，可与热固性树脂发生交联固化反应的固化剂以及黑色颜料，进一步优选地，热固性树脂可以采用丙烯酸树脂和/或环氧树脂和/或聚酯树脂和/或氟碳树脂和/或其他公知的热固性树脂，固化剂可以根据实际所选用的热固性树脂来进行具体选择，其所添加的重量份同样依据热固性树脂的重量份来进行选择，只要能满足热固性树脂的完全交联固化效果即可，本实施例对其不做特别唯一限定；黑色颜料可以具体采用黑色无机颜料(例如碳黑)和/或黑色有机颜料(例如公知的黑色有机染料)；同样优选地，为了利于高精度的涂覆印刷效果，黑色涂料采用液体黑色涂料，具体包括热固性树脂、固化剂、黑色颜料以及作为稀释功能的有机溶剂，其中优选地，黑色颜料占黑色涂料的重量份为1-20wt％，有机溶剂占黑色涂料的重量份为5-25wt％；当然也可以采用其他的合适配比参数，这些均不会影响本申请的实施效果；作为进一步的优选方案，还可以根据需要向黑色涂料中添加合适的助剂，例如抗氧助剂和/或耐抗紫外老化剂等，本实施例对此不做特别限定，本领域技术人员可以根据公知常识并结合实际需要来做常规技术选择；Since the photovoltaic cell strings are usually black or dark blue in appearance, and the photovoltaic backplane substrate is usually transparent or white, the gaps between the cells in the photovoltaic cell strings are not the same as the photovoltaic cells. Too coordinated appearance color, in order to achieve the overall color aesthetics of the photovoltaic module, preferably, in this embodiment, the protective coating can also use black coatings, black coatings include thermosetting resins, which can undergo cross-linking and curing reactions with thermosetting resins Curing agent and black pigment, further preferably, thermosetting resin can adopt acrylic resin and/or epoxy resin and/or polyester resin and/or fluorocarbon resin and/or other known thermosetting resin, and curing agent can be selected according to actual situation The specific selection of the thermosetting resin is carried out, and the added weight part is also selected according to the weight part of the thermosetting resin, as long as the complete cross-linking and curing effect of the thermosetting resin can be satisfied, this embodiment does not specifically limit it; Black pigment can specifically adopt black inorganic pigment (for example carbon black) and/or black organic pigment (for example known black organic dyestuff); Equally preferably, in order to benefit the coating printing effect of high precision, black paint adopts liquid black paint, specifically Including thermosetting resin, curing agent, black pigment and organic solvent as a dilution function, wherein preferably, the black pigment accounts for 1-20 wt% of the black paint, and the organic solvent accounts for 5-25 wt% of the black paint; of course Also can adopt other suitable proportioning parameters, these all can not influence the implementation effect of the present application; As a further preferred scheme, can also add suitable additives, such as anti-oxidation additives and/or anti-oxidation additives in the black paint as required Anti-ultraviolet aging agent, etc., the present embodiment does not specifically limit this, those skilled in the art can make conventional technical selection according to common knowledge and in combination with actual needs;
S30)、通过固化工艺使得防护涂料完成固化，得到成型在光伏背板基体表面的防护涂层，得到纤维基光伏背板；其中优选地，固化工艺通常采用热固化工艺实现固化成型，优选地，在本步骤S30)中，固化工艺包括预固化步骤和完全固化步骤，其中，通过预固化步骤使得防护涂料的表层进行交联固化，同时防护涂料中的有机溶剂被挥发；通过完全固化步骤使得氟碳树脂或热固性树脂与其对应的固化剂发生完全交联固化反应；进一步优选地，在本实施方式中，在隧道炉中进行预固化步骤，在烘房中进行完全固化步骤；其中，预固化步骤中的预固化温度为150-175℃，和/或预固化时间不高于5分钟，优选为1-3分钟，当然地，也可以根据所应用的树脂类型来适当调整预固化温度(例如120-150℃)和预固化时间(例如低于1分钟或5-8分钟，甚至更高)，本实施例对其不做唯一限定；完全固化步骤中的固化温度为 50-60℃，和/或固化时间不低于24小时，优选为30-60小时，通过实施完全固化步骤确保防护涂料完成完全程度地交联固化。本申请人惊讶地发现，通过设置预固化步骤不仅使得位于表层中的树脂高分子结构开始解封，然后和其对应的固化剂发生反应进行部分程度上的交联固化反应形成表层固化胶膜，同时还和光伏背板基体表面的官能基团发生交联固化反应，增加其与光伏背板基体之间的附着力；而且还可以挥发防护涂料中的有机溶剂，使得防护涂料表干，确保在对经预处理后的光伏背板在叠放时不会发生粘附，然后再实施完全固化步骤，便于加工制造，提高生产效率。S30), the curing process is used to complete the curing of the protective coating, to obtain a protective coating formed on the surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate, and to obtain a fiber-based photovoltaic backplane; wherein preferably, the curing process usually adopts a thermal curing process to achieve curing and molding, preferably, In this step S30), the curing process includes a pre-curing step and a complete curing step, wherein the surface layer of the protective coating is cross-linked and cured through the pre-curing step, and at the same time the organic solvent in the protective coating is volatilized; through the complete curing step, the fluorine The carbon resin or thermosetting resin and its corresponding curing agent undergo a complete cross-linking curing reaction; further preferably, in this embodiment, a pre-curing step is performed in a tunnel furnace, and a complete curing step is performed in a drying room; wherein, the pre-curing step The pre-curing temperature is 150-175 ℃, and/or the pre-curing time is not higher than 5 minutes, preferably 1-3 minutes, of course, the pre-curing temperature can also be adjusted appropriately according to the type of resin used (for example, 120 -150°C) and pre-curing time (such as less than 1 minute or 5-8 minutes, or even higher), the present embodiment does not limit it; the curing temperature in the complete curing step is 50-60°C, and/ Or the curing time is not less than 24 hours, preferably 30-60 hours, by implementing a complete curing step to ensure that the protective coating is fully cross-linked and cured. The applicant surprisingly found that by setting the pre-curing step, not only the resin macromolecular structure in the surface layer starts to unblock, and then reacts with its corresponding curing agent to perform a partial cross-linking and curing reaction to form a surface layer curing adhesive film, At the same time, it also has a cross-linking and curing reaction with the functional groups on the surface of the photovoltaic backplane matrix to increase the adhesion between it and the photovoltaic backplane matrix; it can also volatilize the organic solvent in the protective coating to make the protective coating dry, ensuring that The pretreated photovoltaic backplane will not adhere when stacked, and then implement a complete curing step, which is convenient for processing and manufacturing, and improves production efficiency.
优选地，为了进一步利于本实施例提供纤维基光伏背板在后续的复合加工性能(例如进行光伏层压复合)，在本实施方式中，还包括步骤S40)、对纤维基光伏背板的至少一个表面进行预处理，提高纤维基光伏背板在该表面的达因值，利于后续进行光伏组件层压工艺，提高层压复合之间的粘合效果；优选地，所采用的预处理方法和步骤可以完全参照上述步骤S10)的预处理优选方案。最后进行包装入库即可。Preferably, in order to further facilitate this embodiment to provide fiber-based photovoltaic backsheets in the subsequent composite processing performance (for example, perform photovoltaic lamination), in this embodiment, step S40), at least One surface is pretreated to increase the dyne value of the fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet on the surface, which is beneficial to the subsequent lamination process of photovoltaic modules and improves the bonding effect between laminated composites; preferably, the pretreatment method and The steps can fully refer to the preferred preprocessing scheme of the above-mentioned step S10). Finally, it can be packaged and put into storage.
优选地，本实施例提出了一种耐老化纤维基光伏背板，采用如上的表面处理方法制备得到，防护涂层为耐老化防护涂层。Preferably, this embodiment proposes an aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet, which is prepared by the above surface treatment method, and the protective coating is an aging-resistant protective coating.
优选地，本实施例还提出了一种耐老化纤维基光伏背板，包括位于光伏背板基体一表面的黑色防护涂层，以及位于光伏背板基体另一表面的耐老化防护涂层；其中，黑色防护涂层以及耐老化防护涂层采用如上的表面处理方法制备得到；进一步优选地，耐老化防护涂层呈平面状，黑色防护涂层呈网格状且与各光伏电池片之间的间隙进行对应；优选地，在本实施方式中，耐老化防护涂层的厚度为5-50微米，更优选为5-30微米；和/或，黑色防护涂层的厚度为1-50微米，更优选为1-30微米。Preferably, this embodiment also proposes an aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backplane, including a black protective coating on one surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate, and an aging-resistant protective coating on the other surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate; wherein , the black protective coating and the aging-resistant protective coating are prepared by the above surface treatment method; further preferably, the aging-resistant protective coating is planar, and the black protective coating is grid-like and connected to the photovoltaic cells The gap is corresponding; preferably, in this embodiment, the thickness of the anti-aging protective coating is 5-50 microns, more preferably 5-30 microns; and/or, the thickness of the black protective coating is 1-50 microns, More preferably 1-30 microns.
优选地，本实施例还提出了一种光伏组件，包括光伏前板、光伏电池串、光伏背板，光伏背板采用如上所述的耐老化纤维基光伏背板，其中，耐老化 防护涂层作为光伏背板的外侧层，黑色防护涂层作为光伏背板的内侧层；优选地，在本实施方式中，光伏电池串包括若干呈串联和/或并联的光伏电池片，黑色防护涂层呈网格状，与各光伏电池片之间的间隙进行对应；光伏电池片电池片采用任意一种公知的电池片(包括晶体型或非晶体型，包括硅材质或非硅材质，包括整片或半片或1/3片或1/4片等切片规格)，本实施例对其不做特别限定；具体优选地，本实施例采用晶体硅电池片。Preferably, this embodiment also proposes a photovoltaic module, including a photovoltaic front plate, a photovoltaic cell string, and a photovoltaic back plate. The photovoltaic back plate adopts the above-mentioned aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic back plate, wherein the aging-resistant protective coating As the outer layer of the photovoltaic backplane, the black protective coating is used as the inner layer of the photovoltaic backplane; preferably, in this embodiment, the photovoltaic cell string includes several photovoltaic cells connected in series and/or in parallel, and the black protective coating is in the form of Grid shape, corresponding to the gap between the photovoltaic cells; the photovoltaic cell cells adopt any known cell (including crystalline or amorphous, including silicon or non-silicon materials, including whole or Half slice, 1/3 slice, or 1/4 slice, etc.), this embodiment does not specifically limit it; specifically, preferably, this embodiment uses crystalline silicon cells.
需要说明的是，当光伏背板基体的一表面设置黑色防护涂层，另一表面设置耐老化防护涂层时，可以分别按照上述方法分别制备得到黑色防护涂层和耐老化防护涂层，作为进一步的优选方案，为了利于提高制备效率，可以采用不同的预固化步骤，但采用相同的完全固化步骤，同时实现对黑色防护涂层和耐老化防护涂层的完全固化(也可称为熟化)。It should be noted that when one surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate is provided with a black protective coating and the other surface is provided with an aging-resistant protective coating, the black protective coating and the aging-resistant protective coating can be prepared respectively according to the above method, as In a further preferred solution, in order to facilitate the improvement of preparation efficiency, different pre-curing steps can be used, but the same complete curing step can be used to achieve complete curing (also known as aging) to the black protective coating and the aging-resistant protective coating at the same time .
还需要特别说明的是，本申请所涉及的呈平面状的涂层是指覆盖光伏背板的整体表面，呈网格状的黑色涂层只要用于覆盖与其对应光伏电池串中各光伏电池片之间的间隙，使得各光伏电池片之间的间隙呈现为黑色，利于光伏组件的整体颜色美观度。It should also be noted that the planar coating involved in this application refers to covering the entire surface of the photovoltaic backplane, and the grid-shaped black coating only needs to be used to cover each photovoltaic cell in the corresponding photovoltaic cell string. The gaps between the photovoltaic cells make the gaps between the photovoltaic cells appear black, which is beneficial to the overall color aesthetics of the photovoltaic modules.
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明中的技术方案，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本发明保护的范围。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described The embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例1：一种耐老化纤维基光伏背板，采用CN201610685240.9提供的封装材料作为基于纤维材料复合成型的光伏背板基体，厚度为3mm；通过电晕机(工作功率设置在6KW)对光伏背板基体的1个表面进行电晕处理，经达因笔检测，确认经电晕处理后的光伏背板基体在该表面的达因值达到52dyn/cm；在该表面上通过丝网印刷机涂覆液体含氟涂料，其中，液体含氟 涂料中氟碳树脂、固化剂、有机溶剂之间的重量份配比为22:1：8；在隧道炉中对完成涂覆的光伏背板基体实施预固化步骤(预固化温度为165℃，预固化时间为2.5分钟)，然后转移至烘房中进行完全固化步骤(固化温度为55℃，固化时间为50小时)，使得液体含氟涂料完成完全固化，得到成型在光伏背板基体表面的耐老化防护涂层(呈白色)，得到耐老化纤维基光伏背板，耐老化防护涂层呈平面状，经检测，耐老化防护涂层的厚度为20微米。Example 1: An aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backplane, using the encapsulation material provided by CN201610685240.9 as a photovoltaic backplane matrix based on composite molding of fiber materials, with a thickness of 3mm; through a corona machine (working power set at 6KW) to the photovoltaic Corona treatment is carried out on one surface of the backplane substrate, and the dyne value of the corona-treated photovoltaic backplane substrate on this surface reaches 52 dyn/cm after detection by a dyne pen; Coating liquid fluorine-containing coatings, wherein the weight ratio of fluorocarbon resin, curing agent, and organic solvent in the liquid fluorine-containing coatings is 22:1:8; the coated photovoltaic backplane substrate is coated in a tunnel furnace Implement a pre-curing step (pre-curing temperature is 165°C, pre-curing time is 2.5 minutes), and then transfer to a drying room for a complete curing step (curing temperature is 55°C, curing time is 50 hours), so that the liquid fluorine-containing coating is completed Completely cured, the aging-resistant protective coating (white) formed on the surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate is obtained, and the aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backplane is obtained. The aging-resistant protective coating is flat. After testing, the thickness of the aging-resistant protective coating is to 20 microns.
实施例2：本实施例2的其余技术方案同实施例1，区别在于，在本实施例2中，将实施例1中的液体含氟涂料替换为液体黑色涂料，其中，液体黑色涂料中丙烯酸树脂、固化剂、炭黑、有机溶剂之间的重量份配比为22:1：10：6，黑色防护涂层呈网格状，经检测，黑色防护涂层的厚度为15微米；当然地，液体黑色涂料中的热固性树脂也可以采用氟碳树脂或其他公知热固性树脂，本实施例对其没有特别唯一限定。Embodiment 2: the remaining technical solutions of this embodiment 2 are the same as those of embodiment 1, the difference is that in this embodiment 2, the liquid fluorine-containing paint in embodiment 1 is replaced by a liquid black paint, wherein the acrylic acid in the liquid black paint The weight ratio between resin, curing agent, carbon black, and organic solvent is 22:1:10:6, and the black protective coating is grid-shaped. After testing, the thickness of the black protective coating is 15 microns; of course The thermosetting resin in the liquid black paint can also be fluorocarbon resin or other known thermosetting resins, which are not specifically and uniquely limited in this embodiment.
实施例3：本实施例3的其余技术方案同实施例1，区别在于，请进一步参见图2所示，在实施例1得到的耐老化纤维基光伏背板基础上，在其另一面通过电晕机(工作功率设置在5KW)进行电晕处理，经达因笔检测，确认经电晕处理后的光伏背板基体在该表面的达因值达到50dyn/cm；在该表面上通过丝网印刷机涂覆液体黑色涂料，其中，液体黑色涂料中丙烯酸树脂、固化剂、黑色有机染料、有机溶剂之间的重量份配比为20:1：1：20；在隧道炉中对完成涂覆的光伏背板基体实施预固化步骤(预固化温度为170℃，预固化时间为1.5分钟)，然后转移至烘房中进行完全固化步骤(固化温度为50℃，固化时间为50小时)，使得液体黑色涂料完成完全固化，得到成型在耐老化纤维基光伏背板1另一表面的黑色防护涂层2，黑色防护涂层2呈网格状，经检测，黑色防护涂层2的厚度为15微米。Embodiment 3: The remaining technical solutions of this embodiment 3 are the same as those of embodiment 1, the difference is that, please refer to Figure 2 further, on the basis of the aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet obtained in embodiment 1, an electric Sick machine (working power is set at 5KW) for corona treatment, after detection by dyne pen, it is confirmed that the dyne value of the photovoltaic backplane substrate after corona treatment on the surface reaches 50dyn/cm; Machine-coated liquid black paint, wherein the weight ratio of acrylic resin, curing agent, black organic dye, and organic solvent in the liquid black paint is 20:1:1:20; The photovoltaic backplane matrix is subjected to a pre-curing step (pre-curing temperature is 170°C, pre-curing time is 1.5 minutes), and then transferred to a drying room for a complete curing step (curing temperature is 50°C, curing time is 50 hours), so that the liquid The black paint is completely cured, and the black protective coating 2 formed on the other surface of the aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backplane 1 is obtained. The black protective coating 2 is in the shape of a grid. After testing, the thickness of the black protective coating 2 is 15 microns .
实施例4：请进一步参见图2所示，一种耐老化纤维基光伏背板，采用CN201610685240.9提供的封装材料作为基于纤维材料复合成型的光伏背板基 体，厚度为3mm；通过电晕机(工作功率设置在6KW)对光伏背板基体的2个表面进行电晕处理，经达因笔检测，确认经电晕处理后的光伏背板基体中2个表面的达因值均达到52dyn/cm以上；在其中1个表面上通过丝网印刷机涂覆液体含氟涂料，其中，液体含氟涂料中氟碳树脂、固化剂、有机溶剂之间的重量份配比为22:1：10；在隧道炉中对完成涂覆的光伏背板基体实施预固化步骤(预固化温度为165℃，预固化时间为2.5分钟)；然后再另一个表面上通过丝网印刷机涂覆液体黑色涂料，其中，液体黑色涂料中丙烯酸树脂、固化剂、炭黑、有机溶剂之间的重量份配比为22:1：10：15，在隧道炉中对完成涂覆的耐老化纤维基光伏背板进一步实施预固化步骤(预固化温度为150℃，预固化时间为5分钟)；然后转移至烘房中进行完全固化步骤(固化温度为60℃，固化时间为45小时)，使得防护涂料完成完全固化，得到分别成型在光伏背板基体1不同表面的耐老化防护涂层(图2未示出)和黑色防护涂层2，得到耐老化纤维基光伏背板，耐老化防护涂层2呈平面状，黑色防护涂层呈网格状，经检测，耐老化防护涂层2的厚度为20微米，黑色防护涂层2的厚度为10微米。Embodiment 4: Please refer further to Fig. 2, a kind of aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backboard, adopt the encapsulation material provided by CN201610685240.9 as the photovoltaic backplane matrix based on composite molding of fiber material, the thickness is 3mm; through the corona machine ( The working power is set at 6KW) Corona treatment is carried out on the two surfaces of the photovoltaic backplane substrate, and the dyne value of the two surfaces in the photovoltaic backplane substrate after the corona treatment is confirmed to reach 52dyn/cm by the detection of the dyne pen Above; one of the surfaces is coated with a liquid fluorine-containing paint by a screen printing machine, wherein the ratio of fluorocarbon resin, curing agent, and organic solvent in the liquid fluorine-containing paint is 22:1:10; Implement a pre-curing step (pre-curing temperature is 165 ° C, pre-curing time is 2.5 minutes) to the photovoltaic backplane substrate that has been coated in a tunnel furnace; then apply a liquid black paint on the other surface by a screen printing machine, Among them, the weight ratio of acrylic resin, curing agent, carbon black, and organic solvent in the liquid black paint is 22:1:10:15, and the aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet that has been coated is further processed in a tunnel furnace. Implement a pre-curing step (pre-curing temperature is 150°C, pre-curing time is 5 minutes); then transfer to a drying room for a complete curing step (curing temperature is 60°C, curing time is 45 hours), so that the protective coating is completely cured , to obtain aging-resistant protective coatings (not shown in FIG. 2 ) and black protective coatings 2 formed on different surfaces of the photovoltaic backplane substrate 1 respectively, to obtain aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backplanes, and the aging-resistant protective coating 2 is planar , the black protective coating is grid-like, and the thickness of the anti-aging protective coating 2 is 20 microns, and the thickness of the black protective coating 2 is 10 microns.
实施例5：本实施例5的其余技术方案同实施例1，区别在于，在本实施例5中，采用CN211555907U提供的光伏复合背板作为光伏背板基体。Embodiment 5: The remaining technical solutions of this embodiment 5 are the same as those of embodiment 1, except that in this embodiment 5, the photovoltaic composite backplane provided by CN211555907U is used as the photovoltaic backplane matrix.
对比例1：采用CN201610685240.9提供的封装材料直接作为光伏背板。Comparative example 1: The packaging material provided by CN201610685240.9 is used directly as a photovoltaic backplane.
对比例2：本对比例2的其余技术方案同实施例1，区别在于，本对比例2没有预先进行电晕处理，直接在光伏背板基体表面制作耐老化防护涂层。Comparative example 2: The remaining technical solutions of this comparative example 2 are the same as those of Example 1, the difference is that this comparative example 2 does not perform corona treatment in advance, and directly manufactures an aging-resistant protective coating on the surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate.
对比例3：本对比例3的其余技术方案同实施例2，区别在于，本对比例3没有预先进行电晕处理，直接在光伏背板基体表面制作黑色防护涂层。Comparative example 3: The remaining technical solutions of this comparative example 3 are the same as those of Example 2, the difference is that this comparative example 3 does not perform corona treatment in advance, and directly manufactures a black protective coating on the surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate.
对比例4：本对比例4的其余技术方案同实施例4，区别在于，本对比例3没有预先进行电晕处理，直接在光伏背板基体表面制作耐老化防护涂层和黑色防护涂层。Comparative example 4: The remaining technical solutions of this comparative example 4 are the same as those of Example 4, the difference is that this comparative example 3 does not perform corona treatment in advance, and directly manufactures an aging-resistant protective coating and a black protective coating on the surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate.
对比例5：采用CN211555907U提供的光伏复合背板直接作为光伏背板。Comparative example 5: The photovoltaic composite backsheet provided by CN211555907U is directly used as the photovoltaic backsheet.
为了验证本申请实施例的技术效果，本申请人设置了如下性能对比测试：In order to verify the technical effect of the embodiment of the present application, the applicant set up the following performance comparison test:
将以上实施例1-5以及对比例1-5分别依据进行了如下性能对比测试，测试结果请参见下表1：The above Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were respectively based on the following performance comparison tests, and the test results are shown in Table 1 below:
表1本申请各实施例及各对比例的实施效果对比Table 1 The implementation effect comparison of each embodiment of the application and each comparative example
Figure PCTCN2022090820-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2022090820-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2022090820-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2022090820-appb-000002
通过以上可得知，本申请通过电晕预处理后的光伏背板基体实现了明显有效的表面张力改性，非常有利于后续进行制作防护涂层的附着力；同时本实施例中采用液体含氟涂料成型得到的耐老化防护涂层具有优异的耐候、耐老化效果，同时还显著提高了涂层硬度，非常适合作为光伏组件的外部防护层结构。From the above, it can be known that the present application has achieved obvious and effective surface tension modification through the photovoltaic backplane substrate after corona pretreatment, which is very beneficial to the subsequent production of protective coating adhesion; at the same time, in this embodiment, liquid containing The anti-aging protective coating formed by the fluorine coating has excellent weather resistance and anti-aging effect, and at the same time significantly improves the hardness of the coating, which is very suitable as the external protective layer structure of photovoltaic modules.
为了进一步验证本实施例采用网格状黑色防护涂层所取得的突出实施效果，本申请进一步设置了以下实施例：In order to further verify the outstanding implementation effect obtained by adopting the grid-shaped black protective coating in this embodiment, the application further sets up the following embodiments:
实施例6：本实施例6的其余技术方案同实施例2，区别在于，将黑色防护涂层设置成呈平面状。Embodiment 6: The remaining technical solutions of this embodiment 6 are the same as those of embodiment 2, the difference is that the black protective coating is arranged in a plane shape.
实施例7：本实施例7的其余技术方案同实施例4，区别在于，将黑色防护涂层设置成呈平面状。Embodiment 7: The remaining technical solutions of this embodiment 7 are the same as those of embodiment 4, except that the black protective coating is arranged in a plane shape.
将以上实施例2、4、6、7提供的光伏背板分别依据进行了如下性能对比测试，测试结果请参见下表2：The photovoltaic backsheets provided in the above examples 2, 4, 6, and 7 were respectively tested according to the following performance comparisons. Please refer to the following table 2 for the test results:
表2本申请部分实施例的实施效果对比Table 2 The implementation effect comparison of some embodiments of the application
 the 实施例2Example 2 实施例4Example 4 实施例6Example 6 实施例7Example 7
反射率Reflectivity ≥20％≥20% ≥20％≥20% <6％<6% <6％<6%
通过以上可得知，采用网格状的黑色防护涂层不仅利于光伏组件的整体颜色美观度，而且相对于采用整体平面状的黑色防护涂层，在反射率上具有明显更加优异的表现，最终使得应用的光伏组件功率提高了5-10％。From the above, it can be known that the use of grid-shaped black protective coating is not only beneficial to the overall color aesthetics of photovoltaic modules, but also has significantly better performance in terms of reflectivity than the overall planar black protective coating. The applied photovoltaic module power is increased by 5-10%.
本申请全文涉及的划格等级所依据的测试标准为ISO2409-2013，涉及的涂层硬度所依据的测试标准为GB/T1730-93，涉及的耐紫外测试按IEC 61215:2005中10.10的规定进行，具体测试方法采用：裁取3个100mm×100mm试样，试验温度为(60土5)℃；施加UVA波长：320nm～400nm，其中最小施加UVB波长：300nm～320nm；试验后取出试样，检查并记录试样是否分层、起泡、开裂和发黏；涉及的反射率所依据的测试标准为GB/T29848-2013，采用分光光度计进行测试。The test standard for the cross-cut grade involved in this application is ISO2409-2013, the test standard for the hardness of the coating involved is GB/T1730-93, and the UV resistance test involved is carried out according to the provisions of 10.10 in IEC 61215:2005 , the specific test method is: cut three 100mm×100mm samples, the test temperature is (60 ± 5) ℃; apply UVA wavelength: 320nm ~ 400nm, of which the minimum applied UVB wavelength: 300nm ~ 320nm; take out the sample after the test, Check and record whether the sample is delaminated, blistered, cracked, and sticky; the reflectance involved is based on the test standard GB/T29848-2013, and is tested with a spectrophotometer.
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Accordingly, the embodiments should be regarded in all points of view as exemplary and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is therefore intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes within the meaning and range of equivalents of the elements are embraced in the present invention. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to implementation modes, not each implementation mode only includes an independent technical solution, and this description in the specification is only for clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole , the technical solutions in the various embodiments can also be properly combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (11)

  1. 一种纤维基光伏背板的表面处理方法，包括基于纤维材料复合成型的光伏背板基体，其特征在于，包括如下操作步骤：A surface treatment method for a fiber-based photovoltaic backplane, comprising a photovoltaic backplane matrix based on composite molding of fiber materials, characterized in that it includes the following steps:
    S10)、对所述光伏背板基体的至少一个表面进行预处理，提高所述光伏背板基体在该表面的达因值；S10), performing pretreatment on at least one surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate to increase the dyne value of the photovoltaic backplane substrate on the surface;
    S20)、通过涂覆工艺在经预处理后的光伏背板基体表面上涂覆防护涂料；S20), coating a protective coating on the surface of the pretreated photovoltaic backplane substrate through a coating process;
    S30)、通过固化工艺使得所述防护涂料完成固化，得到成型在光伏背板基体表面的防护涂层，得到纤维基光伏背板。S30), the protective coating is cured through a curing process to obtain a protective coating formed on the surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate, and obtain a fiber-based photovoltaic backplane.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的表面处理方法，其特征在于，在所述步骤S10)中，所述预处理包括电晕处理或火焰处理，使得所述光伏背板基体在该表面的达因值不低于48dyn/cm。The surface treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step S10), the pretreatment includes corona treatment or flame treatment, so that the dyne value of the photovoltaic backplane substrate on the surface is not Below 48dyn/cm.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的表面处理方法，其特征在于，在所述步骤S20)中，所述涂覆工艺采用丝网印刷工艺或凹版印刷工艺或喷涂工艺或淋涂工艺；所述防护涂层呈平面状或呈网格状。The surface treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step S20), the coating process adopts a screen printing process or a gravure printing process or a spraying process or a flow coating process; the protective coating Flat or grid-like.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的表面处理方法，其特征在于，所述防护涂料包括含氟涂料，所述含氟涂料包括氟碳树脂以及可与所述氟碳树脂发生交联固化反应的固化剂。The surface treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the protective coating comprises a fluorine-containing coating, and the fluorine-containing coating comprises a fluorocarbon resin and a curing agent capable of cross-linking and curing with the fluorocarbon resin.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的表面处理方法，其特征在于，所述防护涂料包括黑色涂料，所述黑色涂料包括热固性树脂，可与所述热固性树脂发生交联固化反应的固化剂以及黑色颜料。The surface treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the protective coating comprises a black coating, and the black coating comprises a thermosetting resin, a curing agent capable of cross-linking and curing reaction with the thermosetting resin, and a black pigment.
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的表面处理方法，其特征在于，在所述步骤S30)中，所述固化工艺包括预固化步骤和完全固化步骤，其中，通过所述预固化步骤使得所述防护涂料的表层进行交联固化/和所述防护涂料中的溶剂被挥发；通过所述完全固化步骤使得所述氟碳树脂或热固性树脂与其对应的 固化剂发生完全交联固化反应。The surface treatment method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, in the step S30), the curing process includes a pre-curing step and a complete curing step, wherein the protective The surface layer of the paint is cross-linked and cured/and the solvent in the protective paint is volatilized; through the complete curing step, the fluorocarbon resin or thermosetting resin and its corresponding curing agent undergo a complete cross-linking and curing reaction.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的表面处理方法，其特征在于，所述预固化步骤中的预固化温度为150-175℃，和/或预固化时间不高于5分钟。The surface treatment method according to claim 6, characterized in that, the pre-curing temperature in the pre-curing step is 150-175° C., and/or the pre-curing time is not higher than 5 minutes.
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的表面处理方法，其特征在于，所述完全固化步骤中的固化温度为50-60℃，和/或固化时间不低于24小时。The surface treatment method according to claim 6, characterized in that, the curing temperature in the complete curing step is 50-60° C., and/or the curing time is not less than 24 hours.
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的表面处理方法，其特征在于，还包括步骤S40)、对所述纤维基光伏背板的至少一个表面进行预处理，提高所述纤维基光伏背板在该表面的达因值，利于后续进行光伏组件层压工艺。The surface treatment method according to claim 1, further comprising step S40), performing pretreatment on at least one surface of the fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet to increase the reach of the fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet on the surface Because of the value, it is beneficial to the subsequent lamination process of photovoltaic modules.
  10. 一种耐老化纤维基光伏背板，其特征在于，采用如权利要求1-9之一所述的表面处理方法制备得到，所述防护涂层为耐老化防护涂层。An aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backsheet, characterized in that it is prepared by the surface treatment method according to any one of claims 1-9, and the protective coating is an aging-resistant protective coating.
  11. 一种耐老化纤维基光伏背板，其特征在于，包括位于光伏背板基体一表面的黑色防护涂层，所述黑色防护涂层呈网格状且与各光伏电池片之间的间隙进行对应；以及位于光伏背板基体另一表面的耐老化防护涂层；其中，所述黑色防护涂层和/或所述耐老化防护涂层采用如权利要求1-9之一所述的表面处理方法制备得到。An aging-resistant fiber-based photovoltaic backplane, characterized in that it includes a black protective coating on one surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate, and the black protective coating is grid-like and corresponds to the gaps between the photovoltaic cells and an aging-resistant protective coating positioned on the other surface of the photovoltaic backplane substrate; wherein, the black protective coating and/or the aging-resistant protective coating adopt the surface treatment method described in any one of claims 1-9 prepared.
PCT/CN2022/090820 2022-01-17 2022-04-30 Surface treatment method for fiber-based photovoltaic backplane, and anti-aging fiber-based photovoltaic backplane WO2023134089A1 (en)

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CN110832138A (en) * 2017-07-07 2020-02-21 老虎表面技术新材料（苏州）有限公司 Composite packaging material for photovoltaic module and preparation method of composite packaging material
CN113299782A (en) * 2021-06-09 2021-08-24 苏州明冠新材料科技有限公司 Transparent backboard with high-reflectivity black grid and preparation method thereof
CN113817365A (en) * 2021-10-15 2021-12-21 苏州赛伍应用技术股份有限公司 Weather-resistant paint for photovoltaic back plate and preparation method and application thereof

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CN110832138A (en) * 2017-07-07 2020-02-21 老虎表面技术新材料（苏州）有限公司 Composite packaging material for photovoltaic module and preparation method of composite packaging material
CN113299782A (en) * 2021-06-09 2021-08-24 苏州明冠新材料科技有限公司 Transparent backboard with high-reflectivity black grid and preparation method thereof
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