WO2023125383A1 - 电机 - Google Patents

电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023125383A1
WO2023125383A1 PCT/CN2022/141838 CN2022141838W WO2023125383A1 WO 2023125383 A1 WO2023125383 A1 WO 2023125383A1 CN 2022141838 W CN2022141838 W CN 2022141838W WO 2023125383 A1 WO2023125383 A1 WO 2023125383A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
motor
rotor
magnetic
magnetic gear
speed rotor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/141838
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
江龙顺
王洪林
Original Assignee
广东美的白色家电技术创新中心有限公司
美的集团股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 广东美的白色家电技术创新中心有限公司, 美的集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 广东美的白色家电技术创新中心有限公司
Publication of WO2023125383A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023125383A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K49/00—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
    • H02K49/10—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
    • H02K49/102—Magnetic gearings, i.e. assembly of gears, linear or rotary, by which motion is magnetically transferred without physical contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K49/00—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
    • H02K49/10—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
    • H02K49/104—Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element
    • H02K49/108—Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element with an axial air gap

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of drive equipment, in particular to a motor.
  • Magnetic gear has the advantages of low noise, high efficiency, easy maintenance and high reliability, etc. It can be used to replace mechanical gears, and can realize low-speed and high-torque operation in direct drive systems. Therefore, magnetic gear composite motor technology has been widely used in recent years. focus on.
  • the magnetic gear compound motor combines the motor and the concentric magnetic gear with a groove structure.
  • the motor and the magnetic gear have a radial magnetic flux structure, but its motor torque and power density are low.
  • the present disclosure provides a motor, and the technical problem of low motor torque and power density of a magnetic gear compound motor is solved by utilizing one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • a motor which may include: a motor casing, a motor shaft, a motor stator, a motor rotor, and a magnetic gear low-speed rotor; the motor shaft, the motor stator, the motor rotor, and the The magnetic gear low-speed rotors are all arranged in the motor housing; the motor stator, the motor rotor and the magnetic gear low-speed rotor are arranged along the axial direction of the motor shaft and sleeved on the motor shaft , the motor rotor is located between the motor stator and the magnetic gear low-speed rotor.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a motor according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Figure 2 shows an exploded view of the motor in Figure 1;
  • Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of the motor stator structure of the motor in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram of the motor rotor structure of the motor in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 5 shows the schematic structural view of the magnetic gear low-speed rotor of the motor in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural view of the magnetic gear fixing seat of the motor in FIG. 1 .
  • 10 Motor housing; 101: Housing; 102: Magnetic gear holder; 1021: Flange end cover; 1022: Second magnetic steel; 1023: Fourth through hole; 1024: Positioning groove; 103: Fourth bearing; 104: first limiter; 105: second limiter; 20: motor shaft 2; 30: motor stator; 301: wire frame; 302: stator core; 303: first through hole; 304: winding; 40: Motor rotor; 401: rotor core; 402: first magnetic steel; 403: protective cover; 50: magnetic gear low-speed rotor; 501: magnetic gear low-speed rotor core; 502: magnetic adjustment ring core; 503: third through hole; 504 : the third bearing; 505: the magnet ring bushing; 60: the output shaft; 601: the first bearing; 602: the accommodation cavity; 603: the second bearing.
  • a motor is provided, and the technical problem of low motor torque and power density of a magnetic gear compound motor is solved by utilizing one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a motor according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 shows an exploded view of the motor in Fig. 1
  • the motor of this embodiment includes: a motor housing 10 , a motor shaft 20 , a motor stator 30 , a motor rotor 40 and a magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 .
  • the motor shaft 20 , the motor stator 30 , the motor rotor 40 and the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 are all arranged in the motor casing 10 .
  • the motor stator 30 , the motor rotor 40 and the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 are arranged along the axial direction of the motor shaft 20 and sleeved on the motor shaft 20 .
  • the motor rotor 40 is located between the motor stator 30 and the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 .
  • the present disclosure sets the motor shaft 20, the motor stator 30, the motor rotor 40 and the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 in the motor casing 10, so that the motor stator 30 is turned on to generate a rotating magnetic field, and the motor rotor 40 rotates, and the motor rotor 40 drives the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 to generate low-speed high-torque to drive external equipment.
  • the motor stator 30 and the motor rotor 40 can form a motor magnetic flux closed path, and the motor rotor 40 and the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 and the end face of the motor housing 10 toward the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 form a magnetic gear magnetic flux closed path, therefore, the motor rotor 40 can also be used as a magnetic gear high-speed rotor, and the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 can also be used as a magnetic gear magnetic adjustment ring, no need Separately set the magnetic gear high-speed rotor and the magnetic gear magnetic adjustment ring to save cost, save space, and facilitate layout.
  • the motor stator 30, the motor rotor 40 and the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 are arranged along the axial direction of the motor shaft 20, and are sleeved on the On the motor shaft 20, the motor rotor 40 is located between the motor stator 30 and the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50, so the magnetic steel can be arranged on the motor rotor 40 and the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 to form an axial magnetic flux structure.
  • the present disclosure can set more pole pairs.
  • the power and rotation speed of the present disclosure The moment density is high, and under the same power and torque density requirements, the volume of the present disclosure is small and the weight is low. Moreover, the poles of the motor rotor 40 and the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 of the present disclosure can be adjusted according to the performance requirements of the motor. The logarithm makes the pole logarithm of the motor rotor 40 and the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 different, and the power and torque density are high, ensuring that the performance of the motor can be fully exerted.
  • the motor shaft 20 is connected with the motor rotor 40 to support the motor rotor 40 to rotate smoothly in the motor housing 10 .
  • the motor shaft 20 is not connected to the motor stator 30 , that is, there is a gap between the motor shaft 20 and the motor stator 30 , so as to prevent the motor stator 30 from interfering with the movement of the motor shaft 20 .
  • the motor shaft 20 is rotatably disposed in the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 , and the actions of the two do not interfere with each other.
  • the motor shaft 20 , the motor stator 30 , the motor rotor 40 and the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 are coaxial to ensure smooth power output.
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic structural view of the magnetic gear low-speed rotor of the motor in Fig. 1 .
  • the motor in order to output the low-speed high-torque generated by the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 , the motor further includes: an output shaft 60 .
  • the output shaft 60 is connected with the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 . That is, the output shaft 60 is disposed on the end surface of the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 facing away from the motor rotor 40 , and is rotatably passed through the motor housing 10 .
  • a first bearing 601 is provided between the output shaft 60 and the motor housing 10.
  • the output shaft 60 can rotate smoothly at the motor housing 10 through the first bearing 601, and the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 can be generated The low-speed high-torque is transmitted to the external equipment.
  • the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 when the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 rotates, the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 drives the output shaft 60 to rotate at the motor housing 10, and then the output shaft 60 transmits the low-speed high torque generated by the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 to The external device is used to drive the action of the external device.
  • an accommodation cavity 602 is opened in the output shaft 60 , and the end of the motor shaft 20 is rotatably disposed in the accommodation cavity 602 , that is, the motor shaft 20 deviates from The end of the motor stator 30 is rotatably disposed in the accommodating cavity 602 , and the end of the motor shaft 20 can be accommodated through the accommodating cavity 602 to support the motor shaft 20 .
  • the end of the motor shaft 20 away from the motor stator 30 can be arranged in the housing cavity 602 through the second bearing 603, so as to ensure that the motor shaft 20 can rotate smoothly, and at the same time, the rotation of the motor shaft 20 is consistent with the output shaft 60 The rotation does not interfere with each other to ensure the normal operation of the equipment.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of the motor stator of the motor in FIG. 1 .
  • the motor stator 30 includes: a wire frame 301 and a plurality of stator cores 302 .
  • the wire frame 301 is arranged in the motor casing 10 and is sleeved on the motor shaft 20, the wire frame 301 is protected by the motor casing 10, and the middle part of the wire frame 301 is provided with a first through hole 303, which is convenient for the motor shaft 20 to pass through
  • the diameter of the first through hole 303 is greater than the diameter of the motor shaft 20, so as to prevent the wire frame 301 from interfering with the rotation of the motor shaft 20, so that the motor shaft 20 can rotate normally, so as to ensure the normal rotation of the motor rotor 40.
  • a plurality of stator cores 302 are arranged in the wire frame 301, and the stator cores 302 are supported by the wire frame 301. At the same time, a plurality of stator cores 302 are arranged in the wire frame 301 at equiangular intervals to ensure that the arrangement meets the requirements.
  • Each stator core 302 is provided with a winding 304 , the winding 304 is supported by the stator core 302 , and the winding 304 is conducted to generate a rotating magnetic field, thereby driving the motor rotor 40 to rotate.
  • the radial cross-sectional shape of the stator core 302 is an isosceles trapezoidal shape, and the axial cross-sectional shape of the stator core 302 is an I-shaped shape.
  • the manufacturing cost of the stator core 302 can be reduced. , easy to manufacture.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of the motor rotor of the motor in FIG. 1 .
  • the motor rotor 40 is a magnetism gathering spoke structure.
  • the motor rotor 40 includes: a rotor core 401 and a plurality of first magnetic steels 402 .
  • the rotor core 401 is arranged in the motor casing 10 and connected to the motor shaft 20 , the rotor core 401 is protected by the motor casing 10 , and the rotor core 401 is supported by the motor shaft 20 .
  • a second through hole is opened in the middle of the rotor core 401 , and the motor shaft 20 is embedded in the second through hole, so that the rotor core 401 and the motor shaft 20 are fixedly connected.
  • the axial end surface of the rotor core 401 is provided with a plurality of first mounting grooves, and a plurality of first magnetic steels 402 are respectively arranged in the corresponding first mounting grooves and are radially magnetized. Every two adjacent first magnetic steels 402 The polarity of the first magnetic steel 402 is opposite, the volume of the first magnetic steel 402 can be reduced, more first magnetic steel 402 can be arranged, and the power and torque density are high.
  • the first installation groove is a through groove
  • the first magnetic steel 402 is embedded in the first installation groove, so that the rotating magnetic field generated by the motor stator 30 can act on the first magnetic steel 402 to drive the rotor.
  • the core 401 moves, and the magnetic field generated by the first magnetic steel 402 can also act on the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 to drive the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 to rotate. Therefore, the motor rotor 40 can also be used as a magnetic gear high-speed rotor without a separate A high-speed rotor with a magnetic gear is provided to save cost, save space, and facilitate layout.
  • the motor rotor 40 in order to protect the rotor core 401 , further includes: a protective cover 403 .
  • the protective sleeve 403 is sleeved on the peripheral surface of the rotor core 401 to protect the peripheral surface of the rotor core 401 and prevent the rotor core 401 from being damaged.
  • the material of the protective cover 403 is a non-magnetic material, so as to prevent the external magnetic field from interfering with the movement of the motor rotor 40. At the same time, it can also avoid the leakage of the magnetic field generated by the motor rotor 40 to ensure high power and torque density.
  • the non-magnetic conductive material can be metals and alloys other than iron-cobalt-nickel and its alloys, such as copper, aluminum and aluminum alloys. From the viewpoint of cost reduction, the material of the protective cover 403 is preferably aluminum alloy.
  • the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 includes: a magnetic gear low-speed rotor core 501 and a plurality of flux-regulating ring cores 502 .
  • the magnetic gear low-speed rotor core 501 is set in the motor housing 10 and sleeved on the motor shaft 20.
  • the output shaft 60 is set on the end surface of the magnetic gear low-speed rotor core 501 away from the motor rotor 40, and the output shaft 60 is rotatable.
  • the magnetic gear low-speed rotor core 501 can be supported by the motor casing 10 , and at the same time, can rotate smoothly in the motor casing 10 .
  • the middle part of the magnetic gear low-speed rotor core 501 is provided with a third through hole 503, so that the motor shaft 20 can pass through, and the third through hole 503 is provided with a third bearing 504, and the motor shaft 20 can pass through the third bearing 504 to move smoothly in the magnetic field.
  • the gear low-speed rotor core 501 rotates, and the rotation of the magnetic gear low-speed rotor core 501 and the rotation of the motor shaft 20 do not interfere with each other to ensure the normal operation of the equipment.
  • the magnetic gear low-speed rotor core 501 can also support the motor shaft 20 to ensure The stability of the rotation of the motor shaft 20.
  • a plurality of second installation slots are opened on the axial end surface of the magnetic gear low-speed rotor core 501, and a plurality of magnetic modulation ring cores 502 are respectively arranged in the corresponding second installation slots.
  • 502 can not only make the magnetic field generated by the motor rotor 40 act on the low-speed rotor core 501 of the magnetic gear to drive the low-speed rotor core 502 of the magnetic gear to rotate. At the same time, it can also realize magnetic adjustment, and there is no need to separately set the magnetic gear magnetic adjustment ring. Cost saving, space saving, easy to arrange.
  • the second installation groove is a through groove
  • the magnetic modulation ring core 502 is embedded in the first installation groove, so that the magnetic field generated by the motor rotor 20 can act on the magnetic modulation ring core 502
  • the end face of the motor housing 10 facing the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 is provided with a plurality of second magnetic steels 1022, and the plurality of second magnetic steels 1022 are axially magnetized.
  • the polarity of the adjacent second magnetic steel 1022 is opposite to generate a magnetic field, and at the same time act on the magnetic adjustment ring core 502 to make the low-speed rotor core 501 of the magnetic gear generate high torque at low speed.
  • the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 in order to protect the magnetic gear low-speed rotor core 501 , the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 further includes: a magnetic ring bushing 505 .
  • the magnetic ring bushing 505 is sheathed on the peripheral surface of the magnetic gear low-speed rotor core 501 to protect the peripheral surface of the magnetic gear low-speed rotor core 501 and prevent the magnetic gear low-speed rotor core 501 from being damaged.
  • the material of the magnetic adjusting ring bushing 505 is a non-magnetic material to prevent the external magnetic field from interfering with the action of the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50. At the same time, it can also avoid the magnetic field leakage generated by the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50, ensuring power and Torque density.
  • the non-magnetic conductive material can be metals and alloys other than iron-cobalt-nickel and its alloys, such as copper, aluminum and aluminum alloys. From the perspective of cost reduction, the material of the magnet adjusting ring bushing 505 is preferably aluminum alloy.
  • the radial cross-sectional shape of the magnetic modulation toroidal core 502 is fan-shaped, and at the same time, the preparation cost of the magnetic field modulation toroidal core 502 can be reduced, which is convenient for manufacture.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural view of the magnetic gear fixing seat of the motor in FIG. 1 .
  • the motor housing 10 includes: a housing 101 and a magnetic gear fixing seat 102 .
  • the magnetic gear holder 102 includes: a flange end cover 1021 and a plurality of second magnetic steels 1022.
  • the flange end cover 1021 covers the end surface of the housing 101 to form a space for accommodating the motor shaft 20, the motor stator 30, the motor rotor 40 and the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50, and closes the housing 101 to prevent debris from entering the motor. In the housing 10, the safety of the equipment inside the motor housing 10 is guaranteed.
  • the middle part of the flange end cover 1021 is provided with a fourth through hole 1023, and the third through hole 1023 is provided with a first bearing 601, through the first bearing 601, the output shaft 60 can rotate smoothly at the flange end cover 1021, The low-speed high torque generated by the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 can be transmitted to external equipment.
  • a plurality of second magnetic steels 1022 are attached to the end surface of the flange end cover facing the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 and magnetized in the axial direction. Every two adjacent second magnetic steels 1022 The polarity of the steel 1022 is opposite, the volume of the second magnetic steel 1022 can be reduced, more second magnetic steel 1022 can be arranged, and the power and torque density are high. At the same time, the magnetic fields generated by the plurality of second magnetic steels 1022 can act on the magnetizing ring core 502 of the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 , so that the magnetic gear low-speed rotor core 501 of the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 generates high torque at low speed.
  • the driver conducts the winding 304 of the motor stator 30 according to a certain phase sequence to generate a rotating magnetic field, drives the motor rotor 40 to generate rotational motion, and drives the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 to generate low-speed high-torque rotation, thereby The low-speed high torque is transmitted to the output shaft 60 .
  • the closed path of the magnetic flux of the motor is: any first magnetic steel 402 in the motor rotor 40 ⁇ rotor core 401 ⁇ air gap between the motor stator 30 and the motor rotor 40 ⁇ stator core 302 and winding 304 ⁇ motor stator 30 and motor rotor 40 To the adjacent first magnetic steel 402 with opposite magnetization direction ⁇ rotor core 401 ⁇ any first magnetic steel 402 in the motor rotor 40 .
  • the magnetic flux closed path of the magnetic gear is: any first magnetic steel 402 in the motor rotor 40 ⁇ rotor core 401 ⁇ air gap between the motor rotor 40 and the low-speed rotor 50 of the magnetic gear ⁇ magnetic ring core 502 ⁇ low-speed rotor 50 of the magnetic gear and the magnetic Air gap between gear base 102 ⁇ second magnetic steel 1022 ⁇ flange end cover 1021 of magnetic gear base 102 ⁇ second magnetic steel 1022 with opposite magnetization direction adjacent to it ⁇ air gap between magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 and magnetic gear base 102 ⁇
  • the end face of the flange end cover 1021 facing the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 is provided with a plurality of positioning parts
  • the second The magnetic steel 1022 is provided with a positioning groove 1024, and the positioning piece can be embedded in the positioning groove 1024.
  • the positioning member can be a semicircular protrusion
  • the positioning groove 1024 can be a semicircular groove
  • the diameter of the semicircular protrusion matches the diameter of the semicircular groove
  • the semicircular The protrusion can be embedded in the semicircular groove, which is convenient for positioning and ensures installation accuracy.
  • a plurality of locating parts are equiangularly and evenly spaced on the flange end cover 1021 , and the locating groove 1024 is provided on the peripheral surface of the second magnetic steel 1022 , so that the second magnetic steel 1022 can be easily positioned. position.
  • a groove is provided at the end of the housing 101 away from the magnetic gear fixing seat 102 , and the end of the motor shaft 20 away from the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 is rotatably set in the groove.
  • the housing 101 supports the motor shaft 20 so that the motor shaft 20 can support the motor rotor 40 .
  • a fifth through hole is opened at the groove, and a fourth bearing 103 is arranged in the fifth through hole, and the motor shaft 20 can rotate smoothly at the housing 101 through the fourth bearing 103, so as to support the motor rotor 40, to avoid interference with the rotation of the rotor 40 of the motor.
  • a first stopper 104 is provided on the peripheral surface of the end of the housing 101 facing the flange end cover 1021, and a first stopper 104 is provided on the peripheral surface of the flange end cover 1021.
  • the first limiter 104 can A threaded hole is provided with the second limiting member 105 to facilitate the connection between the housing 101 and the magnetic gear fixing seat 102 .
  • the cross-sectional shapes of the first limiting member 104 and the second limiting member 105 are ring-shaped, so as to facilitate the connection between the first limiting member 104 and the second limiting member 105 .
  • the number of pole pairs of the first magnetic steel 402 of the motor rotor 40 is 4 or 5
  • the number of pole pairs of the magnetic modulation ring core 502 of the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 is the number of pole pairs of the first magnetic steel 402
  • the sum of the number of pole pairs of the second magnetic steel 1022 of the housing 101 can define the transmission ratio, so that the motor rotor 40 and the magnetic gear low-speed rotor 50 can function as a reducer.
  • a first feature being “on” or “under” a second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, and may also include the first and second features being in direct contact with each other. Two features are not in direct contact but through another feature between them.
  • “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature on the second feature include that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature.
  • "Below”, “beneath” and “under” the first feature to the second feature include that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本文公开了一种电机。其中的电机包括：电机壳 (10) 、电机轴 (20) 、电机定子 (30) 、电机转子 (40) 和磁齿轮低速转子(50); 所述电机轴 (20) 、所述电机定子 (30) 、所述电机转子 (40) 和所述磁齿轮低速转子(50) 均设于所述电机壳 (10) 内; 所述电机定子 (30) 、所述电机转子(40) 和所述磁齿轮低速转子 (50) 沿所述电机轴 (20) 的轴向设置，并套设于所述电机轴 (20) 上，所述电机转子 (40) 位于所述电机定子 (30) 与所述磁齿轮低速转子 (50) 之间。

Description

电机
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2021年12月29日提交、申请号为202111635027.4且名称为“电机”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用合并于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及驱动设备技术领域，特别涉及一种电机。
背景技术
磁齿轮具有低噪声，高效率，便于维护及高可靠性等优点，可以用于代替机械齿轮，在直驱***中能实现低速高转矩的运行，因此，近年来磁齿轮复合电机技术得到普遍关注。
磁齿轮复合型电机是将电机和同心式磁齿轮采用凹槽式结构结合在一起，电机与磁齿轮为径向磁通结构，但是其电机转矩及功率密度低。
发明内容
本公开内容提供一种电机，通过利用本公开内容的一个或多个实施方式解决了磁齿轮复合型电机的电机转矩及功率密度低的技术问题。
在本公开一个方面，提供了一种电机，其可以包括：电机壳、电机轴、电机定子、电机转子和磁齿轮低速转子；所述电机轴、所述电机定子、所述电机转子和所述磁齿轮低速转子均设于所述电机壳内；所述电机定子、所述电机转子和所述磁齿轮低速转子沿所述电机轴的轴向设置，并套设于所述电机轴上，所述电机转子位于所述电机定子与所述磁齿轮低速转子之间。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1示出了依据本公开一些实施例的电机的结构示意图；
图2示出了图1中电机的***图；
图3示出了图1中电机的电机定子结构示意图；
图4示出了图1中电机的电机转子结构示意图；
图5示出了图1中电机的磁齿轮低速转子的结构示意图；
图6示出了图1中电机的磁齿轮固定座结构示意图。
附图标记中：
10：电机壳；101：壳体；102：磁齿轮固定座；1021：法兰端盖；1022：第二磁钢；1023：第四通孔；1024：定位槽；103：第四轴承；104：第一限位件；105：第二限位件；20：电机轴2；30：电机定；301：线架；302：定子芯；303：第一通孔；304：绕组；40：电机转子；401：转子芯；402：第一磁钢；403：保护套；50：磁齿轮低速转子；501：磁齿轮低速转子芯；502：调磁环芯；503：第三通孔；504：第三轴承；505：调磁环衬套；60：输出轴；601：第一轴承；602：容纳腔；603：第二轴承。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
需要说明的是，本公开实施例中所有方向性指示仅用于解释在某一特定姿态下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
需要说明的是，本公开实施例中所有方向性指示仅用于解释在某一特定姿态下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
另外，在本公开中如涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本公开要求的保护范围之内。
下面结合附图并参考具体实施例描述本公开。
在本公开的一个方面，提供一种电机，通过利用本公开内容的一个或多个实施方式解决了磁齿轮复合型电机的电机转矩及功率密度低的技术问题。
图1示出了依据本公开一些实施例的电机的结构示意图，图2示出了图1中电机的***图。结合图1和图2，本实施例的电机包括：电机壳10、电机轴20、电机定子30、电机转子40和磁齿轮低速转子50。电机轴20、电机定子30、电机转子40和磁齿轮低速转子50均设于电机壳10内。电机定子30、电机转子40和磁齿轮低速转子50沿电机轴20的轴向设置，并套设于电机轴20上，电机转子40位于电机定子30与磁齿轮低速转子50之间。
在一些实施例中，本公开将电机轴20、电机定子30、电机转子40和磁 齿轮低速转子50均设于电机壳10内，所以，对电机定子30进行导通产生旋转磁场，电机转子40进行转动，电机转子40带动磁齿轮低速转子50产生低速大转矩，以驱动外界设备动作，而电机定子30和电机转子40可以形成电机磁通闭合路径，电机转子40、磁齿轮低速转子50和电机壳10朝向磁齿轮低速转子50的端面形成磁齿轮磁通闭合路径，因此，电机转子40也可以作为磁齿轮高速转子，磁齿轮低速转子50也可以作为磁齿轮调磁环，不需要单独再设置磁齿轮高速转子和磁齿轮调磁环，节约成本，节约空间，便于布置，由于电机定子30、电机转子40和磁齿轮低速转子50沿电机轴20的轴向设置，并套设于电机轴20上，电机转子40位于电机定子30与磁齿轮低速转子50之间，所以，可以将磁钢设置在电机转子40和磁齿轮低速转子50上，形成轴向磁通结构，当应用于偏平式空间或应用场景时，相比于将磁钢设置在电机转子40和磁齿轮的周面上，本公开可以设置更多的极对数，在同等尺寸条件下，本公开的功率及转矩密度高，而在相同的功率及转矩密度的需求下，本公开的体积小，重量低，而且，可以根据电机的性能要求，调整本公开的电机转子40和磁齿轮低速转子50的极对数，使电机转子40和磁齿轮低速转子50的极对数不同，功率及转矩密度高，保证电机的性能可以得到充分的发挥。
在一些实施例中，电机轴20与电机转子40相连，以支撑电机转子40可以在电机壳10内顺畅转动。电机轴20与电机定子30不相连，即：电机轴20与电机定子30之间有间隙，避免电机定子30干扰电机轴20的动作。电机轴20可转动式地设于磁齿轮低速转子50内，两者之间的动作互不干涉。
在一些实施例中，电机轴20、电机定子30、电机转子40和磁齿轮低速转子50同轴，保证动力可以顺畅输出。
图5示出了图1中电机的磁齿轮低速转子的结构示意图。结合图1、图2和图5，在一些实施例中，为了便于将磁齿轮低速转子50产生的低速大转矩输出，电机还包括：输出轴60。输出轴60与磁齿轮低速转子50连接。即：输出轴60设于磁齿轮低速转子50背离电机转子40的端面上，且可转动式地穿设于电机壳10。在本实施方式中，输出轴60与电机壳10之间设有第一轴承601，通过第一轴承601使输出轴60可以在电机壳10处顺畅转动，可以将磁齿轮低速转子50产生的低速大转矩传递给外界设备。
在一些实施例中，当磁齿轮低速转子50转动时，磁齿轮低速转子50带动输出轴60在电机壳10处转动，进而输出轴60将磁齿轮低速转子50产生的低速大转矩传递给外界设备，以驱动外界设备动作。
结合图1，在一些实施例中，为了支撑电机轴20，输出轴60内开设有容纳腔602，，电机轴20的端部可转动式地设于容纳腔602内，即：电机轴20背离电机定子30的端部可转动式地设于容纳腔602内，通过容纳腔602以容纳电机轴20的端部，可以支撑电机轴20。在本实施方式中，电机轴20背 离电机定子30的端部可通过第二轴承603设于容纳腔602内，以保证电机轴20可以顺畅转动，同时，使电机轴20的转动与输出轴60的转动互不干涉，保证设备正常运行。
图3示出了图1中电机的电机定子结构示意图。结合图3，在一些实施例中，电机定子30包括：线架301和多个定子芯302。线架301设于电机壳10内，并套设于电机轴20上，通过电机壳10保护线架301，而线架301的中部开设有第一通孔303，便于电机轴20穿过，同时，第一通孔303的直径大于电机轴20的直径，以避免线架301干扰电机轴20的转动，使电机轴20正常转动，以保证电机转子40正常转动。多个定子芯302设于线架301内，通过线架301支撑定子芯302，同时，多个定子芯302等角度均匀间隔设于线架301内，以保证布置符合要求。每个定子芯302均设有绕组304，通过定子芯302支撑绕组304，对绕组304进行导通，以产生旋转磁场，进而可以带动电机转子40转动。
结合图3，在一些实施例中，为了便于布置，定子芯302的径向截面形状为等腰梯形，定子芯302的轴向截面形状为工字型，同时，可以降低定子芯302的制备成本，便于制造。
图4示出了图1中电机的电机转子结构示意图。结合图4，在一些实施例中，为了提高聚磁效果，电机转子40为聚磁式轮辐结构。
结合图4，在一些实施例中，电机转子40包括：转子芯401和多个第一磁钢402。转子芯401设于电机壳10内，并与电机轴20连接，通过电机壳10保护转子芯401，同时，通过电机轴20支撑转子芯401。在本实施方式中，转子芯401的中部开设有第二通孔，电机轴20嵌设于第二通孔内，以使转子芯401和电机轴20实现固定连接。转子芯401的轴向端面上开设有多个第一安装槽，多个第一磁钢402分别设于相对应的第一安装槽内，且为径向充磁，每两个相邻的第一磁钢402的极性相反，可以减小第一磁钢402的体积，可以布置更多的第一磁钢402，功率及转矩密度高。
在一些实施例中，第一安装槽为通槽，第一磁钢402嵌设于第一安装槽内，以使电机定子30产生的旋转磁场可以作用于第一磁钢402上，以带动转子芯401动作，而第一磁钢402的产生的磁场也可以作用到磁齿轮低速转子50上，以带动磁齿轮低速转子50转动，因此，电机转子40也可以作为磁齿轮高速转子，不需要单独再设置磁齿轮高速转子，节约成本，节约空间，便于布置。
在一些实施例中，为了保护转子芯401，电机转子40还包括：保护套403。保护套403套设于转子芯401的周面，以保护转子芯401的周面，避免转子芯401损坏。
在一些实施例中，保护套403的材质为非导磁材料，避免外界磁场干扰电机转子40的动作，同时，也可以避免电机转子40产生的磁场泄漏，保证 功率及转矩密度。非导磁材料可以为铁钴镍及其合金以外的金属及合金，如：铜、铝及铝合金等。从降低成本的角度考虑，保护套403的材质优选地为铝合金。
结合图5，在一些实施例中，磁齿轮低速转子50包括：磁齿轮低速转子芯501和多个调磁环芯502。磁齿轮低速转子芯501设于电机壳10内，并套设于电机轴20上，输出轴60设于磁齿轮低速转子芯501背离电机转子40的端面上，而输出轴60可转动式地穿设于电机壳10，那么，磁齿轮低速转子芯501可以被电机壳10支撑，同时，也可顺畅的在电机壳10内转动。磁齿轮低速转子芯501的中部开设有第三通孔503，以使电机轴20穿过，且第三通孔503内设有第三轴承504，电机轴20通过第三轴承504可以顺畅在磁齿轮低速转子芯501内转动，而且，磁齿轮低速转子芯501的转动与电机轴20的转动，互不干涉，保证设备正常运行，同时，磁齿轮低速转子芯501还可以支撑电机轴20，保证电机轴20转动的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，磁齿轮低速转子芯501的轴向端面上开设有多个第二安装槽，多个调磁环芯502分别设于相对应的第二安装槽内，通过调磁环芯502不仅可以使电机转子40产生的磁场作用于磁齿轮低速转子芯501上，以带动磁齿轮低速转子芯502转动，同时，还可以实现进行调磁，不需要单独再设置磁齿轮调磁环，节约成本，节约空间，便于布置。
结合图5，在一些实施例中，第二安装槽为通槽，调磁环芯502嵌设于第一安装槽内，以使电机转子20产生的磁场可以作用于调磁环芯502上，以带动磁齿轮低速转子芯501动作，而电机壳10朝向磁齿轮低速转子50的端面上设有多个第二磁钢1022，多个第二磁钢1022为轴向充磁，每两个相邻的第二磁钢1022的极性相反，以产生磁场，同时作用到调磁环芯502上，以使磁齿轮低速转子芯501产生低速大转矩。
结合图5，在一些实施例中，为了保护磁齿轮低速转子芯501，磁齿轮低速转子50还包括：调磁环衬套505。调磁环衬套505套设于磁齿轮低速转子芯501的周面，以保护磁齿轮低速转子芯501的周面，避免磁齿轮低速转子芯501损坏。
在一些实施例中，调磁环衬套505的材质为非导磁材料，避免外界磁场干扰磁齿轮低速转子50的动作，同时，也可以避免磁齿轮低速转子50产生的磁场泄漏，保证功率及转矩密度。非导磁材料可以为铁钴镍及其合金以外的金属及合金，如：铜、铝及铝合金等。从降低成本的角度考虑，调磁环衬套505的材质优选地为铝合金。
结合图5，在一些实施例中，为了便于布置，调磁环芯502的径向截面形状为扇形，同时，可以降低调磁环芯502的制备成本，便于制造。
图6示出了图1中电机的磁齿轮固定座结构示意图。结合图1、图2和图6，在一些实施例中，电机壳10包括：壳体101和磁齿轮固定座102。磁 齿轮固定座102包括：法兰端盖1021和多个第二磁钢1022。法兰端盖1021盖设于壳体101的端面上，以形成容置电机轴20、电机定子30、电机转子40和磁齿轮低速转子50的空间，封闭壳体101，避免杂物进入电机壳10内，保证电机壳10内部设备安全。其中，法兰端盖1021的中部开设有第四通孔1023，第三通孔1023内设有第一轴承601，通过第一轴承601使输出轴60可以在法兰端盖1021处顺畅转动，可以将磁齿轮低速转子50产生的低速大转矩传递给外界设备。
结合图6，在一些实施例中，多个第二磁钢1022贴附于法兰端盖朝向磁齿轮低速转子50的端面上，且为轴向充磁，每两个相邻的第二磁钢1022的极性相反，可以减小第二磁钢1022的体积，可以布置更多的第二磁钢1022，功率及转矩密度高。同时，多个第二磁钢1022产生的磁场可以作用到磁齿轮低速转子50的调磁环芯502上，以使磁齿轮低速转子50的磁齿轮低速转子芯501产生低速大转矩。
在一些实施例中，通电后，驱动器按一定相序对电机定子30的绕组304进行导通产生旋转磁场，驱动电机转子40产生旋转运动，带动磁齿轮低速转子50产生低速大转矩旋转，从而把该低速大转矩传给输出轴60。具体地，电机磁通闭合路径为：电机转子40中任意第一磁钢402→转子芯401→电机定子30和电机转子40间气隙→定子芯302及绕组304→电机定子30和电机转子40至相邻充磁方向相反的第一磁钢402→转子芯401→电机转子40中任意第一磁钢402。磁齿轮磁通闭合路径为：电机转子40中任意第一磁钢402→转子芯401→电机转子40与磁齿轮低速转子50间气隙→调磁环铁芯502→磁齿轮低速转子50与磁齿轮底座102间气隙→第二磁钢1022→磁齿轮底座102的法兰端盖1021→相邻充磁方向相反第二磁钢1022→磁齿轮低速转子50与磁齿轮底座102间气隙→相邻调磁环铁芯502→电机转子40与磁齿轮低速转子50间气隙→转子芯401→电机转子40中任意第一磁钢402。
结合图6，在一些实施例中，为了便于将第二磁钢1022安装到法兰端盖1021上，法兰端盖1021朝向磁齿轮低速转子50的端面上设有多个定位件，第二磁钢1022上开设有定位槽1024，定位件可嵌设于定位槽1024内，通过定位件和定位槽1024的定位，可以快速将第二磁钢1022安装到法兰端盖1021上，提高安装效率，同时，也保证了安装精度。
在一些实施例中，定位件可以为半圆形凸起，定位槽1024可以为半圆形凹槽，且，半圆形凸起的直径与半圆形凹槽的直径相匹配，半圆形凸起可嵌设于半圆形凹槽，便于定位，保证安装精度。
结合图6，在一些实施例中，多个定位件等角度均匀间隔设于法兰端盖1021上，且定位槽1024开设于第二磁钢1022的周面，便于对第二磁钢1022进行定位。
结合图1，在一些实施例中，壳体101背离磁齿轮固定座102的端部设 有凹槽，电机轴20远离磁齿轮低速转子50的端部可转动式地设于凹槽内，通过壳体101支撑电机轴20，以使电机轴20可以支撑电机转子40。在本实施方式中，凹槽处开设有第五通孔，第五通孔内设有第四轴承103，通过第四轴承103使电机轴20可以在壳体101处顺畅转动，以便支撑电机转子40，避免干涉电机转子40的转动。
结合图1、图2和图6，在一些实施例，壳体101朝向法兰端盖1021的端部的周面上设有第一限位件104，法兰端盖1021的周面上设有第二限位件105，第一限位件104与第二限位件105相抵触，以确定壳体101和磁齿轮固定座102之间的位置，同时，可以在第一限位件104与第二限位件105开设螺纹孔，便于壳体101和磁齿轮固定座102的连接。在本实施方式中，第一限位件104与第二限位件105的截面形状均为环形，以便于第一限位件104与第二限位件105的连接。
在一些实施例，电机转子40的第一磁钢402的极对数为4或5，且磁齿轮低速转子50的调磁环芯502的极对数为第一磁钢402的极对数与壳体101的第二磁钢1022的极对数之和，可以限定传动比，以使电机转子40、磁齿轮低速转子50实现减速机的作用。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。
在本公开的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本公开的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例进行接合和组合。
尽管已描述了本公开的优选实施例，但本领域内的普通技术人员一旦得 知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本公开范围的所有变更和修改。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本公开进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本公开的精神和范围。这样，倘若本公开的这些修改和变型属于本公开权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本公开也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种电机，包括：电机壳(10)、电机轴(20)、电机定子(30)、电机转子(40)和磁齿轮低速转子(50)；
    所述电机轴(20)、所述电机定子(30)、所述电机转子(40)和所述磁齿轮低速转子(50)均设于所述电机壳(10)内；
    所述电机定子(30)、所述电机转子(40)和所述磁齿轮低速转子(50)沿所述电机轴(20)的轴向设置，并套设于所述电机轴(20)上，所述电机转子(40)位于所述电机定子(30)与所述磁齿轮低速转子(50)之间。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的根据权利要求1所述的电机，还包括：输出轴(60)，与所述磁齿轮低速转子(50)连接，且可转动式地穿设于所述电机壳(10)。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的电机，其中，所述输出轴(60)内开设有容纳腔，所述电机轴(20)的端部可转动式地设于所述容纳腔内。
  4. 如权利要求1-2中任一项所述的电机，其中，所述电机定子(30)包括：
    线架(301)，设于所述电机壳(10)内，并套设于所述电机轴(20)上；
    多个定子芯(302)，设于所述线架(301)内，每个所述定子芯(302)均设有绕组(304)。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的电机，其中，所述定子芯(302)的径向截面形状为等腰梯形，所述定子芯(302)的轴向截面形状为工字型。
  6. 如权利要求1-2中任一项所述的电机，其中，所述电机转子(40)为聚磁式轮辐结构。
  7. 如权利要求1-2中任一项所述的电机，其中，所述电机转子(40)包括：
    转子芯(401)，与所述电机轴(20)连接，所述转子芯(401)的轴向端面上开设有多个第一安装槽；
    多个第一磁钢(402)，分别设于相对应的所述第一安装槽内，且为径向充磁，每两个相邻的所述第一磁钢(402)的极性相反。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的电机，其中，所述电机转子(40)还包括：保护套(403)，套设于所述转子芯(401)的周面。
  9. 如权利要求1-2中任一项所述的电机，其中，所述磁齿轮低速转子(50)包括：
    磁齿轮低速转子芯(501)，套设于所述电机轴(20)上，所述磁齿轮低速转子芯(501)的轴向端面上开设有多个第二安装槽；
    多个调磁环芯(502)，分别设于相对应的所述第二安装槽内。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的电机，其中，所述磁齿轮低速转子(50)还包括：调磁环衬套(505)，套设于所述磁齿轮低速转子芯(501)的周面。
  11. 如权利要求1-2中任一项所述的电机，其中，所述电机壳(10)包括：
    壳体(101)；
    磁齿轮固定座(102)，包括：法兰端盖(1021)和多个第二磁钢(1022)；所述法兰端盖(1021)盖设于所述壳体(101)的端面上，以形成容置所述电机轴(20)、所述电机定子(30)、所述电机转子(40)和所述磁齿轮低速转子(50)的空间；多个所述第二磁钢(1022)贴附于所述法兰端盖(1021)朝向所述磁齿轮低速转子(50)的端面上，且为轴向充磁，每两个相邻的所述第二磁钢(1022)的极性相反。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的电机，其中，所述法兰端盖(1021)朝向所述磁齿轮低速转子(50)的端面上设有多个定位件，所述第二磁钢(1022)上开设有定位槽(1024)，所述定位件可嵌设于所述定位槽(1024)内。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的电机，其中，所述壳体(101)背离所述磁齿轮固定座(102)的端部设有凹槽，所述电机轴(20)远离所述磁齿轮低速转子(50)的端部可转动式地设于所述凹槽内。
  14. 如权利要求11所述的电机，其中，所述壳体(101)朝向所述法兰端盖(1021)的端部的周面上设有第一限位件(104)，所述法兰端盖(1021)的周面上设有第二限位件(105)，所述第一限位件(104)与所述第二限位件(105)相抵触。
  15. 如权利要求1-2中任一项所述的电机，其中：所述电机转子(40)的第一磁钢(402)的极对数为4或5，且所述磁齿轮低速转子(50)的调磁环芯(502)的极对数为所述第一磁钢(402)的极对数与所述壳体(101)的第二磁钢(1022)的极对数之和。
PCT/CN2022/141838 2021-12-29 2022-12-26 电机 WO2023125383A1 (zh)

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