WO2023124966A1 - 一种无线充电发射装置、接收装置及其*** - Google Patents

一种无线充电发射装置、接收装置及其*** Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023124966A1
WO2023124966A1 PCT/CN2022/138653 CN2022138653W WO2023124966A1 WO 2023124966 A1 WO2023124966 A1 WO 2023124966A1 CN 2022138653 W CN2022138653 W CN 2022138653W WO 2023124966 A1 WO2023124966 A1 WO 2023124966A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
wireless charging
receiving
emitter
contact
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Application number
PCT/CN2022/138653
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
冯绍杰
钱中南
朱勇发
陈晓威
孙全浩
段志强
杨江涛
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2023124966A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023124966A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
    • H02J50/402—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices the two or more transmitting or the two or more receiving devices being integrated in the same unit, e.g. power mats with several coils or antennas with several sub-antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/05—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using capacitive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/70—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of wireless charging, in particular to a wireless charging transmitting device, a receiving device and a system thereof.
  • the wireless charging system includes a transmitting device and a receiving device.
  • the transmitting device may include two emitting plates
  • the receiving device may include two receiving plates
  • the two emitting plates are opposite to the two receiving plates to form two pairs of coupling capacitors to transmit electric energy.
  • the polar plate design of the wireless charging system in the prior art leads to poor offset capability and low degree of freedom of wireless charging.
  • the present application provides a wireless charging transmitting device, a receiving device and a system thereof, which can realize energy transmission in a relatively large range and improve the offset capability of wireless charging.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a wireless charging transmitting device, and the wireless charging transmitting device includes an inverter circuit, a first emitter plate, and a second emitter plate.
  • the input end of the inverter circuit is connected to the DC power supply
  • the first output end of the inverter circuit is connected to the first emitter plate
  • the second output end of the inverter circuit is connected to the second emitter plate
  • the first emitter plate A first contact is provided on the top, and when the first contact can be in contact with the second contact on the first receiving plate in the wireless charging receiving device, the first emitter plate establishes an electrical connection with the first receiving plate;
  • the first emitter plate and the second emitter plate are not in contact with each other, and the second emitter plate and the second receiver plate in the wireless charging receiving device perform electric field coupling through air.
  • a first contact is added to the first emitter plate of the wireless charging transmitting device, and an electrical connection is established between the first contact and the second contact of the first receiving plate in the wireless charging receiving device. connection, electric field coupling is performed between the second emitter plate and the second receiver plate.
  • This wireless charging transmitting device has a high tolerance to the shape of the receiving plate, and can be compatible with receiving plates of different shapes; in addition, there is no limit to the contact area between the first contact and the second contact, so the embodiment of the present application can be used in larger Energy transmission is realized within a certain range, which improves the offset capability of wireless charging.
  • the embodiment of the present application can be compatible with the contact type wireless charging receiving device and the non-contact type wireless charging receiving device, and the compatibility is high.
  • the above-mentioned first emitter plate overlaps with the projection of the above-mentioned second emitter plate in the first direction;
  • the first direction is perpendicular to the plane where the first emitter plate is located or perpendicular to the plane where the second emitter plate is located.
  • the embodiment of the present application adopts the method of stacking the emitter plates, so that the surface area of the wireless charging transmitter device is relatively small.
  • the above-mentioned first emitter plate has a mesh structure.
  • setting the first emitter plate as a mesh structure can reduce the shielding of the first emitter plate from the second emitter plate, and increase the distance between the second emitter plate and the second receiver plate. The facing area, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the wireless charging system.
  • the above mesh structure includes a plurality of hollow holes and a plurality of wires between the plurality of hollow holes, wherein the plurality of wires There is no closed loop between them.
  • Implementing the embodiment of the present application can reduce the eddy current loop on the first emitter plate, so that there is no eddy current temperature rise on the first emitter plate, thereby reducing the eddy current loss on the first emitter plate, and further improving the transmission efficiency of wireless charging .
  • the above-mentioned second emitter plate includes a plurality of connected electrode blocks, and each electrode block is connected to the second receiver in the wireless charging receiving device.
  • the plates are coupled by air; wherein, each electrode block corresponds to the hollow hole in the first emitter plate, and each electrode block is accommodated in the projection of the corresponding hollow hole on the second emitter plate.
  • the embodiment of the present application can reduce the facing area between the first emitter plate and the second emitter plate, thereby reducing the self-coupling between the first emitter plate and the second emitter plate, and further improving the wireless charging system. transmission efficiency.
  • the above-mentioned electrode block has a comb structure.
  • the embodiment of the present application can reduce the eddy current loop on the second emitter plate, so that there is no eddy current temperature rise on the second emitter plate, thereby reducing the eddy current loss on the second emitter plate, and further improving the transmission efficiency of wireless charging.
  • the wireless charging transmitting device further includes a shielding layer; the shielding layer is arranged on the above-mentioned In the projection area of the second emitter plate along the second direction, the second direction is opposite to the third direction, wherein the third direction is a projection direction of the second emitter plate to the second receiver plate.
  • adding a shielding layer to the wireless charging transmitting device can reduce electric field leakage of the wireless charging transmitting device and improve the safety and reliability of wireless charging.
  • the above-mentioned shielding layer has a mesh structure; the shielding layer is connected to the first output terminal of the above-mentioned inverter circuit or the first output terminal of the above-mentioned inverter circuit. Two output terminals.
  • the shielding layer is set in a mesh structure, which can reduce the self-coupling between the first emitter plate and the second emitter plate.
  • the above-mentioned first emitter plate includes n first emitter sub-plates; any first emitter The sub-plate is connected to other adjacent first emitter sub-plates through the first flexible circuit board; wherein, n is not less than 2;
  • the second emitter plate includes a second emitter sub-plate corresponding to each first emitter sub-plate; any second emitter sub-plate and other adjacent second emitter sub-plates are connected by a second cord board connection.
  • a flexible circuit board is used to connect the adjacent parts of the pole plate, so that the wireless charging pad can be folded, the area of the wireless transmitting end is reduced, and the portability is good.
  • the wireless charging transmitting device further includes a shielding layer; the shielding layer includes a shielding plate corresponding to each second emitting sub-plate, and any A shielding plate is connected with other adjacent shielding plates through a third flexible circuit.
  • the wireless charging transmitting device further includes a transmitting coil, and the transmitting coil is located between the shielding layer and the first transmitting electrode plate; Under the action of alternating current, the transmitting coil generates a high-frequency magnetic field; the high-frequency magnetic field is used to make the receiving coil in the wireless charging receiving device generate electric energy.
  • the embodiment of the present application adds a transmitting coil, so that the wireless charging transmitting device can be compatible with two wireless charging methods of magnetic field coupling and electric field coupling, and has good applicability.
  • both ends of the transmitting coil are connected between the first output end of the inverter circuit and the second output end of the inverter circuit
  • the above-mentioned alternating current is provided by the inverter circuit; or, the above-mentioned wireless charging transmitting device further includes a magnetic field transmitting circuit, the two ends of the magnetic field transmitting circuit are connected to the two ends of the above-mentioned transmitting coil, and the above-mentioned alternating current is provided by the magnetic field transmitting circuit.
  • the transmitting coil can share the inverter circuit with the two transmitting plates to obtain alternating current, or another magnetic field transmitting circuit can provide alternating current to the transmitting coil.
  • the first emitter plate can also perform electric field coupling with the first receiver plate in the wireless charging receiving device through air.
  • the above-mentioned wireless charging transmitting device further includes a first compensation circuit; the first compensation circuit is connected to the inverter Between the circuit and the first emitter plate and the second emitter plate, the first compensation circuit is used to compensate the capacitive reactance between the wireless charging transmitting device and the wireless charging receiving device.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a wireless charging receiving device, the wireless charging receiving device includes a first receiving electrode plate, a second receiving electrode plate and a rectifying circuit; wherein, the first receiving electrode plate and the first receiving electrode plate of the rectifying circuit One input end is connected, the second receiving plate is connected with the second input end of the rectification circuit, and the output end of the rectification circuit is connected with the load.
  • the first receiver plate and the first emitter plate pass through Air for electric field coupling.
  • the wireless charging receiving device is provided on glasses; wherein, the first receiving electrode plate is provided on the surface of the glasses , the above-mentioned second receiving electrode plate is arranged in the temple casing of the glasses.
  • the wireless charging receiving device is provided on the earphone; wherein, the first receiving electrode plate is arranged outside the earphone shell, The above-mentioned second receiving plate is arranged in the earphone shell.
  • the above-mentioned wireless charging receiving device is set on a watch; wherein, the above-mentioned first receiving electrode plate is a watch bottom cover with bare metal The above-mentioned second receiving electrode plate is arranged between the inner side of the bottom cover of the watch and the dial of the watch.
  • the wireless receiving device includes a receiving coil inside, and the receiving coil is connected to the second receiving electrode plate Located on the same side of the first receiving plate; the receiving coil is used to generate electric energy under the high-frequency magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil in the wireless charging transmitting device.
  • both ends of the receiving coil are connected between the first input end of the rectification circuit and the second input end of the rectification circuit;
  • the electric energy of the receiving coil is transmitted to the above-mentioned load through the above-mentioned rectification circuit; or the above-mentioned wireless charging receiving device further includes a magnetic field receiving circuit, and the two ends of the magnetic field receiving circuit are connected to the two ends of the receiving coil; the electric energy of the receiving coil is received by the magnetic field
  • the circuit transmits to the above load.
  • the receiving coil can share the rectification circuit with the two receiving plates to transmit electric energy to the load, or another magnetic field receiving circuit can transmit electric energy to the load.
  • the wireless charging receiving device further includes a second compensation circuit; the second compensation circuit is connected to the above-mentioned first Between a receiving plate, the second receiving plate and the rectifying circuit, the second compensation circuit is used to compensate the capacitive reactance between the wireless charging receiving device and the wireless charging transmitting device.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a wireless charging system
  • the wireless charging system includes the wireless charging transmitting device in any possible implementation manner of the above first aspect or in combination with the first aspect, and the above second aspect or In combination with the wireless charging receiving device in any possible implementation manner of the second aspect above.
  • FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of a wireless charging system in the prior art
  • Fig. 2 is a system block diagram of the wireless charging system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is another system block diagram of the wireless charging system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural block diagram of a wireless charging transmitting device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 5A to 5B are schematic structural diagrams of the first emitter plate provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is another structural block diagram of the wireless charging transmitting device provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7A to 7B are schematic structural views of the second emitter plate provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is another structural block diagram of the wireless charging transmitting device provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is another structural block diagram of the wireless charging transmitting device provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a wireless charging transmitting device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the wireless charging receiving device provided by the embodiment of the present application as glasses;
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the wireless charging receiving device provided by the embodiment of the present application as an earphone;
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a wireless charging receiving device provided by an embodiment of the present application as a watch;
  • Fig. 14 is a system schematic diagram of the wireless charging system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 15 is a structural schematic diagram of another part of the wireless charging transmitting device provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 16 is an expanded side view of the wireless charging pad provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 17 is a top view of the wireless charging pad provided by the embodiment of the present application for power supply;
  • Fig. 18 is a folded side view of the wireless charging pad provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 19 is a top view of the folded power supply of the wireless charging pad provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 20 is another system schematic diagram of the wireless charging system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 21 is another top view of the wireless charging pad provided by the embodiment of the present application for power supply;
  • Fig. 22 is a top view of the folded power supply of the wireless charging pad provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the wireless charging transmitting device provided in the embodiment of the present application may be embodied as a wireless charging pad, a wireless charging tray, a wireless charging box, or a wireless charging stand, for example.
  • the wireless charging receiving device provided in the embodiment of the present application may be provided in at least one or more of mobile terminals, smart watches, smart glasses, bluetooth earphones and smart stylus, for example.
  • the embodiment of the present application changes the structure of the wireless charging transmitting device and the wireless charging receiving device, so that the two transmitting plates in the wireless charging transmitting device and the two receiving plates in the wireless charging receiving device do not need to be connected in pairs.
  • one of the emitter plates and one of the receiver plates can establish an electrical connection through contact contact, thereby forming the first AC power path; and the other emitter plate and the other receiver plate are formed by establishing an electric field coupling through the air
  • the second AC power path, the first AC power path and the second AC power path realize AC power loop closure.
  • one of the emitter plates and one of the receiver plates may not establish an electrical connection through contact contact, but establish an electric field coupling through the air to form a first AC power path, and the other emitter plate and the other receiver plate
  • the board also establishes electric field coupling through the air to form a second AC power path, and the first AC power path and the second AC power path realize the AC power loop closure.
  • the embodiment of the present application is compatible with non-contact wireless charging, that is, the embodiment of the present application does not limit whether the contacts on the emitter plate and the receiver plate are in contact.
  • the wireless charging transmitting device can charge multiple wireless charging receiving devices at the same time, that is, one-to-many charging, which realizes the normalization of wireless chargers and makes wireless charging more convenient.
  • FIG. 2 is a system block diagram of a wireless charging system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the wireless charging system provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a wireless charging transmitting device 21 and a wireless charging receiving device 22 .
  • the wireless charging transmitting device 21 includes an inverter circuit 210 , a first emitter plate 211 and a second emitter plate 212 .
  • the input end of the inverter circuit 210 is connected to the DC power supply U1
  • the first output end of the inverter circuit 210 is connected to the first emitter plate 211
  • the second output end of the inverter circuit 210 is connected to the second emitter plate 212.
  • the first emitter plate 211 and the second emitter plate 212 are not in contact with each other.
  • the second emitter plate 212 can be insulated, or the first emitter plate 211 and the second emitter plate can be insulated. 212 are separated by insulators.
  • the wireless charging receiving device 22 includes a first receiving plate 221 , a second receiving plate 222 and a rectifying circuit 220 .
  • the first receiving plate 221 is connected to the first input end of the rectifying circuit 220
  • the second receiving plate 222 is connected to the second input end of the rectifying circuit 220
  • the output end of the rectifying circuit 220 is connected to the load; and, the first The receiving electrode plate 221 and the second receiving electrode plate 222 are also not in contact with each other.
  • the second receiving electrode plate 222 can be insulated, or the first receiving electrode plate 221 and the second receiving electrode plate can be insulated. 222 are separated by insulators.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit whether the second emitter plate 212 and the second receiver plate 222 are exposed or insulated.
  • the DC power supply U1 can be, for example, a battery (such as a nickel-cadmium battery, a nickel-hydrogen battery, a lithium-ion battery, a lithium polymer battery, etc.) or a storage battery.
  • the DC power supply U1 can be used to couple the upper stage circuit such as AC/DC converter (Alternating Current/Direct-Current converter) or other DC/DC converters (such as BUCK converter, BOOST converter, BUCK-BOOST converter, etc.), etc. .
  • the DC power supply U1 can be a direct power supply or an indirect power supply transmitted through a circuit.
  • the DC power supply U1 can be embodied as a power adapter (such as a mobile phone adapter, a computer adapter, etc.).
  • the inverter circuit 210 converts the DC power output by the DC power supply U1 into AC power, and transmits the AC power to the first emitter plate 211 and the second emitter plate 212 .
  • the inverter circuit 210 can be a full-bridge inverter circuit, a half-bridge inverter circuit or a Class E inverter circuit, etc.
  • the implementation of the specific circuit structure can refer to the prior art, which will not be described in detail here. The example does not limit the specific structure of the inverter circuit 210 .
  • the first emitter plate 211 may be made of conductive materials such as copper foil, aluminum foil, iron sheet or conductive ceramics.
  • the first emitter plate 211 is provided with a first contact.
  • the first emitter plate 211 may not be insulated, and the surface of the first emitter plate 211 is the first contact.
  • the first emitter plate 211 can also be partially insulated, so that the exposed metal part of the first emitter plate 211 is the first contact.
  • the first contact can also be a metal sheet such as copper foil, aluminum foil or iron pasted on the surface of the first emitter plate 211 .
  • the first contact is a conductive part of the first emitter plate 211 .
  • the first receiving plate 221 can be set in the terminal device to be charged, and the first receiving plate 221 can be made of conductive materials such as copper foil, aluminum foil, iron sheet or conductive ceramics, and can also be specifically implemented as a terminal device Metal casings, such as metal casings for mobile phones, metal bottom covers for watches, metal frames for glasses, etc. Therefore, the shape of the first receiving plate 221 may be a circle as shown in FIG. 2 , or a rhombus, a rectangle, and the like. It should be understood that FIG. 2 is an example of the shape of the first receiving plate 221 , and should not be construed as a limitation. The shape of the first receiving plate 221 may vary according to the shape of the terminal device.
  • the first receiving plate 221 is provided with a second contact.
  • the first receiving plate 221 may not be insulated, and the surface of the first receiving plate 221 is connected to the second contact.
  • the first receiving plate 221 can also be partially insulated, and the exposed metal part of the first receiving plate 221 is the second contact.
  • the second contact can also be a metal sheet such as copper foil, aluminum foil or iron pasted on the surface of the first receiving electrode plate 221 .
  • the second contact is a conductive part of the first receiving plate 221 .
  • the two when the first contact in the first emitter plate 211 is in contact with the second contact in the first receiver plate 221 , the two establish an electrical connection.
  • the second emitter plate 212 and the second receiver plate 222 form an energy loop through electric field coupling through air, that is, there is no contact between the second emitter plate 212 and the second receiver plate 222 .
  • the second receiver plate 222 Under the action of the electric field generated by the second emitter plate 212 , the second receiver plate 222 generates alternating current and transmits the alternating current to the rectifying circuit 220 .
  • the energy transmission closed path in the wireless charging system at this time is: from the positive pole of the DC power supply U1 to the second electrode of the inverter circuit 210 output terminal (high potential), the second emitter plate 212, the second receiving plate 222, the second input terminal of the rectifying circuit 220, the load, the first input terminal of the rectifying circuit 220, the first receiving plate 221, the first The emitter plate 211 and the first output terminal of the inverter circuit 210 return to the negative pole of the DC power supply U1.
  • the rectifier circuit 220 converts the alternating current between the first receiving plate 221 and the second receiving plate 222 into direct current, and transmits the direct current to the load, so as to provide direct current power to the load, thereby realizing wireless charging by the wireless charging transmitting device 21
  • the receiving device 22 is charged.
  • the load can be, for example, a capacitor, a resistor, a lithium battery or a chip, and the like.
  • the rectifier circuit 220 can be a full-bridge rectifier circuit, a half-bridge rectifier circuit, or a Class E rectifier circuit, etc.
  • the specific circuit structure can refer to the prior art, which will not be described here. The specific structure is limited.
  • the embodiment of the present application performs wireless charging through the principle of electric field coupling, so that the wireless charging system is light in weight and low in cost; secondly, a first Contacts, the second contact is added to the first receiving plate of the wireless charging receiving device, which is different from the two emitter plates and the two receiving plates in the prior art to realize electric field coupling.
  • the electrical connection between the first emitter plate and the first receiver plate can be established through the contact between the first contact and the second contact, and the connection between the second emitter plate and the second receiver plate The electric field coupling is performed between them, so as to realize the closure of the electric energy transmission path.
  • the contact in the embodiment of the present application does not need to add redundant materials to establish an electrical connection.
  • it is only necessary to connect the first contact in the wireless charging transmitter The second contact of the device is in contact.
  • This wireless charging transmitting device has a high tolerance to the shape of the receiving plate and is compatible with receiving plates of different shapes; in addition, the contact area between the first contact and the second contact is not limited, so The embodiments of the present application can realize energy transmission in a relatively large range, and improve the offset capability of wireless charging.
  • the wireless charging transmitting device provided in the embodiment of the present application can charge multiple wireless charging receiving devices, that is, realize one-to-many charging, realize the normalization of wireless chargers, and make wireless charging more convenient.
  • the wireless charging system provided by the embodiment of the present application can be compatible with the form of establishing an electrical connection between two contacts to form an energy loop, and can also be compatible with the first contact on the first emitter plate and the The second contact on the first receiving plate is not in contact, and the two are coupled through an electric field to form an energy loop.
  • FIG. 3 is another system block diagram of the wireless charging system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the wireless charging transmitting device provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes a first compensation circuit 213 connected between the inverter circuit and the first emitter plate and the second emitter plate.
  • the first compensation circuit 213 can compensate the capacitive reactance between the wireless charging transmitting device and the wireless charging receiving device, that is, compensate the reactive power in the wireless charging system, and can improve the energy transmission efficiency in the wireless charging system.
  • the first compensation circuit 213 may include at least one of a capacitor and an inductor.
  • the wireless charging receiving device provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes a second compensation circuit 223, and the second compensation circuit 223 is connected between the first receiving plate, the second receiving plate and the rectification circuit.
  • the second compensation circuit 223 can compensate the capacitive reactance between the wireless charging receiving device and the wireless charging transmitting device, that is, compensate the reactive power in the wireless charging system, and can further improve the energy transmission efficiency in the wireless charging system.
  • the second compensation circuit 223 also includes at least one of an inductor or a capacitor.
  • the first compensation circuit 213 and the second compensation circuit 223 may be included in the wireless charging system.
  • the first compensation circuit 213 and the second compensation circuit 223 may exist simultaneously, or may exist independently.
  • the circuit structure between the two can be different, as long as the capacitive reactance between the wireless charging receiving device and the wireless charging transmitting device can be compensated.
  • the specific circuit structure of the compensation circuit is not limited.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural block diagram of a wireless charging transmitting device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first emitter plate in the wireless charging transmitting device coincides with the projection of the second emitter plate in the first direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the plane where the first emitter plate is located or perpendicular to the second emitter plate. The plane of the plate.
  • a stack structure is formed between the first emitter plate and the second emitter plate.
  • the embodiment of the present application adopts the method of stacking the emitter plates, so that the surface area of the wireless charging transmitter device is relatively small.
  • the first emitter plate has a mesh structure.
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic structural diagram of a first emitter plate provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the mesh structure of the first emitter plate includes a plurality of hollow holes A and a plurality of wires between the plurality of hollow holes.
  • FIG. 5A is only an example in which the network structure is specifically presented as a quadrilateral, and should not be construed as a limitation on the network structure. It should be understood that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the shape of the hollow part in the network structure.
  • the shielding of the first emitter plate to the second emitter plate can be reduced, and the gap between the second emitter plate and the second receiver plate can be increased.
  • FIG. 5B is a schematic structural diagram of the first emitter plate provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the plurality of wires included in the mesh structure do not form closed loops with each other.
  • FIG. 5B takes the hollow hole as a quadrilateral as an example. The four sides of the quadrilateral are not sequentially connected to form a closed quadrilateral.
  • the first wire is connected to the second wire
  • the second wire is connected to the third wire
  • the first wire is connected to the third wire.
  • the three wires are connected to the fourth wire, and the fourth wire is disconnected from the first wire (that is, there is a gap between the fourth wire and the first wire).
  • each hollow hole shown in FIG. 5B do not form a closed loop, the sides of each hollow hole are connected to the same wire (for example, the leftmost vertical wire) .
  • the multiple wires included in the first emitter between the multiple hollow holes are all connected to the same potential point (that is, the multiple wires are all connected to the first output terminal of the inverter circuit).
  • Implementing the embodiment of the present application can reduce the eddy current loop on the first emitter plate, so that there is no eddy current temperature rise on the first emitter plate, thereby reducing the eddy current loss on the first emitter plate, and further improving the transmission efficiency of wireless charging .
  • FIG. 6 is another structural block diagram of a wireless charging transmitting device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic structural diagram of the second emitter plate provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the second emitter plate includes a plurality of connected electrode blocks B (black parts), and each electrode block B is electrically coupled with the second receiving plate in the wireless charging receiving device through air.
  • the white part is non-conductive and the black part is conductive.
  • the second emitter plate is cut into electrode blocks one by one. Although each electrode block is still connected to the same potential point (that is, the second output end of the inverter circuit), it can still reduce the number of electrodes between the first emitter plate and the second electrode block.
  • the facing area between the emitter plates is not limited to the second output end of the inverter circuit.
  • the size of the self-coupling between the first emitter plate and the second emitter plate is positively related to the facing area between the two emitter plates, And it is negatively correlated with the transmission efficiency of the wireless charging system. Therefore, the self-coupling between the first emitter plate and the second emitter plate can be reduced, and the transmission efficiency of the wireless charging system can be improved.
  • each electrode block B can be corresponding to the hollow hole in the first emitter plate, wherein each electrode block can be accommodated in the projection of the corresponding hollow hole on the second emitter plate.
  • the electrode blocks on the second emitter plate are not in direct alignment with the wires surrounding the hollow holes on the first emitter plate.
  • the shape of the electrode block B on the second emitter plate follows the shape of the hollow hole on the first emitter plate.
  • each electrode block B can be accommodated in the projection of the hollow hole corresponding to each electrode block on the second emitter plate , the facing area between the first emitter plate and the second emitter plate can be further reduced. Therefore, implementing the embodiment of the present application can further reduce the self-coupling between the first emitter plate and the second emitter plate, and improve the transmission efficiency of the wireless charging system.
  • each electrode block is a comb-shaped structure.
  • the comb structure includes a plurality of grid bars, and each grid bar cuts each electrode block into sub-electrode blocks, which can reduce the number of eddy current loops formed in each electrode block.
  • the eddy current loop on the second emitter plate can be reduced, so that there is no eddy current temperature rise on the second emitter plate, thereby reducing the temperature of the second emitter plate.
  • the eddy current loss further improves the transmission efficiency of wireless charging.
  • FIG. 8 is another structural block diagram of a wireless charging transmitting device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the wireless charging transmitting device further includes a shielding layer.
  • the shielding layer is arranged in the projection area of the second emitter plate along a second direction, the second direction is opposite to a third direction; wherein, the third direction is a projection direction of the second emitter plate to the second receiver plate.
  • the shielding layer is arranged on the side where the second emitter electrode does not need to be coupled with the second receiving electrode plate by electric field.
  • the shielding layer may be made of metal such as copper foil, aluminum foil, or iron sheet.
  • a shielding layer is added to the wireless charging transmitting device. Since the electric field is in all directions, a shielding layer is provided on the side where the second emitter electrode does not need to be coupled with the second receiving electrode plate in the electric field, which can reduce the risk of wireless charging. The electric field leakage of the transmitting device improves the safety and reliability of wireless charging.
  • FIG. 9 is another structural block diagram of a wireless charging transmitting device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the shielding layer and the first emitter plate may be commonly connected to the first output end of the inverter circuit.
  • the shielding layer and the second emitter plate may be commonly connected to the second output terminal of the inverter circuit.
  • the wireless charging transmitting device may have multiple connection modes.
  • the first emitter plate and the shielding layer are connected to GND, and the second emitter plate is connected to a high potential; or, the first emitter plate is connected to GND, and the shielding layer and the second emitter plate are connected to a high potential; or, the first emitter plate is connected to a high potential.
  • the plate is connected to a high potential, the shielding layer and the second emitter plate are connected to GND; or, the first emitter plate and the shielding layer are connected to a high potential, and the second emitter plate is connected to GND, etc.
  • the shielding layer can be arranged in a mesh structure (for example, refer to the structural schematic diagram shown in FIG. 5A ).
  • FIG. 10 Schematic diagram of part of the structure. It can be understood that, FIG. 10 is only an exemplary illustration of the structure between the first emitter plate, the second emitter plate and the shielding layer, and is not limited thereto.
  • the first emitter plate may be provided with breaks as shown in FIG. 5B
  • the second emitter plate may include a plurality of electrode blocks in a comb-like structure as shown in FIG. 7B
  • the shielding layer may be configured as a mesh structure and so on.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the wireless charging receiving device provided by the embodiment of the present application as glasses.
  • the wireless charging receiving device is set on the glasses; among them, the first receiving plate is set on the surface of the glasses, such as the exposed part of the metal frame, and the metal sheet is pasted on the outside of the temple; the second receiving plate is set on the glasses. inside the temple housing.
  • the rectification circuit included in the wireless charging receiving device can also be arranged in the temple casing (not shown in the figure), and the rectification circuit and the second receiving plate can be directly established through copper foil traces on the printed circuit board PCB
  • the connection relationship, the connection relationship between the rectifier circuit and the first receiving plate can be established through electric wires (not shown in the figure).
  • the shape of the second receiving electrode plate may follow the shape of the temple of the glasses, and this application does not limit the shape of the second receiving electrode plate.
  • the glasses have two left and right temples, the left temple and the left surface of the metal frame can be regarded as a wireless charging receiving device, and the right temple and the right surface of the metal frame can be regarded as another wireless charging device.
  • the receiving device so there is no charging conflict between the left and right temples of a pair of glasses, and wireless charging can be performed to the two wireless charging receiving devices corresponding to the glasses.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a wireless charging receiving device provided in an embodiment of the present application as an earphone.
  • the wireless charging receiving device is set on the earphone; wherein, the first receiving plate is set outside the earphone shell, and the second receiving plate is set inside the earphone shell.
  • the shape of the second receiving plate can follow the shape of the earplug hole.
  • the first receiving plate may be in the form of electroplating, in which metal such as copper foil, aluminum foil or iron sheet is plated on the outside of the earphone casing, and the earphone casing may be a currently used plastic casing.
  • the rectifier circuit included in the wireless charging receiving device can also be arranged in the earphone shell (not shown in the figure), and the rectifier circuit and the second receiving plate can be directly connected through the copper foil trace on the printed circuit board PCB
  • the relationship between the rectifier circuit and the first receiving plate can also be established through the PCB, or established through the wires in the earphone shell (not shown in the figure).
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a wireless charging receiving device provided in an embodiment of the present application as a watch.
  • the wireless charging receiving device is provided on the watch.
  • the first receiving electrode plate is the metal exposed outer side of the watch bottom cover
  • the second receiving electrode plate is arranged between the inner side of the watch bottom cover and the watch dial.
  • the first receiving electrode plate and the watch bottom cover may be the same object, that is, the watch bottom cover is made of metal, and the exposed metal part of the watch bottom cover is the first receiving electrode plate.
  • the second receiving pole plate is arranged between the inner side of the bottom cover of the watch and the dial of the watch, and the inner side of the bottom cover of the watch is insulated to isolate the contact between the second receiving pole plate and the first receiving pole plate.
  • the second receiving electrode plate can also be set as a frame part.
  • the watch also includes a blood oxygen heart rate detection module PPG, and the first receiving plate can be arranged on the outer circle of the round window of the PPG.
  • the watch also includes an ECG detection module ECG, and the first receiving plate can reuse the ECG, which is in the shape of a sheet without insulation treatment, and is in contact with the first emitter plate to establish an electrical connection.
  • the wireless charging receiving device of the present application can be applied to any wireless charging scene, such as wireless charging of electric vehicles, wireless charging of mobile robots, etc. .
  • FIG. 14 is the system schematic diagram of the wireless charging system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the wireless charging system can implement any of the feasible implementation manners described in FIG. 2 to FIG. 13 , which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of another part of the wireless charging transmitting device provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first emitter plate includes n first emitter sub-plates, where n is not less than 2.
  • Any first emitter sub-plate is connected to other adjacent first emitter sub-plates through a first flexible circuit board.
  • the second emitter plate includes a second emitter sub-plate corresponding to each first emitter sub-plate, and a second cord is passed between any second emitter sub-plate and other adjacent second emitter sub-plates board connection.
  • the size of the first emitting sub-plate and the corresponding second emitting sub-plate can be the same, or the surface area of the first emitting sub-plate is greater than the surface area of the corresponding second emitting sub-plate, or, the first emitting sub-plate A surface area of an emitting sub-plate is smaller than that of a corresponding second emitting sub-plate. It can be understood that the relative size relationship between the first emitter sub-plate and the corresponding second emitter sub-plate is limited, as long as the two can be folded.
  • the wireless charging transmitting device further includes a shielding layer; the shielding layer includes shielding plates corresponding to each second transmitting sub-plate, and any shielding plate is connected to other adjacent shielding plates through a third flexible circuit .
  • a first emitting sub-plate, a corresponding second emitting sub-plate and a shielding plate may be a wireless charging transmitting end.
  • the first emitter plate, the second emitter plate and the shielding layer shown in FIG. 15 may be embodied as a wireless charging pad, and an expanded side view of the wireless charging pad is shown in FIG. 16 .
  • the wireless charging pad can charge different terminal devices at the same time.
  • FIG. 17 the wireless charging pad in FIG. 17 is unfolded.
  • wireless charging can be performed on the watch, the left side of the glasses, and the right side of the glasses at the same time.
  • the unfolded wireless charging pad shown in FIG. 16 may be folded.
  • the folded side view of the folded charging pad can be seen in FIG. 18 .
  • the folded wireless charging pad can still wirelessly charge the terminal device.
  • the folded wireless charging pad wirelessly charges the watch.
  • each plate such as the first emitter plate, the second emitter plate and the shielding layer
  • a flexible circuit board is used to connect adjacent parts, so that the wireless The charging pad can be folded, which reduces the area of the wireless transmitter, and has good portability.
  • the embodiment of the present application may also add a transmitting coil and a receiving coil on the basis of the embodiments described above in conjunction with FIGS. 2 to 19 .
  • FIG. 20 is another system schematic diagram of the wireless charging system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the wireless charging transmitting device also includes a transmitting coil, the transmitting coil is located between the shielding layer and the first transmitting plate, and the transmitting coil can be shielded, that is, the surface of the transmitting coil can have electromagnetic shielding material .
  • the transmitting coil can generate a high-frequency magnetic field under the action of alternating current.
  • the transmitting coil can be specifically arranged between the shielding layer and the second emitter plate, so that it can be avoided that the transmitting coil is arranged between the first emitter plate and the second emitter plate, and the second emitter plate and the second emitter plate can be avoided.
  • the distance between the second receiving plates becomes longer.
  • disposing the transmitting coil between the shielding layer and the second emitter plate can reduce the distance between the second emitter plate and the second receiver plate, and increase the distance between the second emitter plate and the second Mutual coupling between receiving plates.
  • the wireless charging transmitting device further includes a magnetic field transmitting circuit. Wherein, the two ends of the transmitting coil are connected to the two ends of the magnetic field transmitting circuit, and the magnetic field transmitting circuit provides alternating current to the transmitting coil.
  • both ends of the transmitting coil are connected between the first output terminal of the inverter circuit and the second output terminal of the inverter circuit (not shown in the figure), that is, the transmitting coil and the second output terminal of the inverter circuit
  • the first emitter plate and the second emitter plate share an inverter circuit, and the inverter circuit supplies alternating current to the emitter coil.
  • a switch may be provided at the output end of the inverter circuit, and the inverter circuit may be multiplexed with the first emitter plate and the second emitter plate in the form of switching, thereby saving costs.
  • the wireless receiving device includes a receiving coil inside, and the receiving coil can be shielded, that is, the surface of the receiving coil can be provided with electromagnetic shielding materials.
  • the receiving coil is located between the first receiving pole plate and the second receiving pole plate.
  • the receiving coil can generate electric energy under the action of the high-frequency magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil.
  • the wireless receiving device further includes a magnetic field receiving circuit.
  • the two ends of the magnetic field receiving circuit are connected to the two ends of the receiving coil, and the magnetic field receiving circuit transmits the electric energy generated on the receiving coil to the load.
  • both ends of the receiving coil are connected between the first input end of the rectification circuit and the second input end of the rectification circuit (not shown in the figure), that is, the receiving coil and the first input end
  • the receiving pole plate and the second receiving pole plate share a rectification circuit, and the rectification circuit transmits the electric energy generated on the receiving coil to the load.
  • a switch may be provided at the input end of the rectification circuit, and the rectification circuit may be multiplexed with the first receiving plate and the second receiving plate in the form of switching, saving cost.
  • the transmitting coil can generate a high-frequency magnetic field under the action of alternating current
  • the receiving coil can generate electric energy under the high-frequency magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil, so as to realize magnetic field-coupled power transmission.
  • FIG. 21 is another top view of the wireless charging pad provided by the embodiment of the present application to provide power supply.
  • the wireless charging pad can charge watches, mobile phone terminals, earphones, etc. at the same time, where the mobile phone terminal and the wireless charging pad are magnetically coupled, and the watch and There is an electric field coupling between the earphones and the wireless charging pad.
  • the magnetic field coupling or electric field coupling in the embodiment of the present application can work independently, see FIG. 22 , which is a top view of the folded power supply of the wireless charging pad provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the transmitting coil in the folded wireless charging pad can wirelessly charge the mobile phone terminal.
  • the first emitter plate and the second emitter plate in the folded wireless charging pad can also wirelessly charge watches or earphones.
  • the wireless charging system by adding a transmitting coil and a receiving coil in the wireless charging system, it can be compatible with the wireless charging method of magnetic field coupling, and provides two wireless charging methods of magnetic field coupling and electric field coupling, which have good applicability.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种无线充电发射装置、接收装置及其***，其中，无线充电发射装置包括逆变电路、第一发射极板和第二发射极板；无线充电接收装置包括第一接收极板、第二接收极板和整流电路；逆变电路的输入端与直流电源连接，逆变电路的第一输出端与第一发射极板连接，逆变电路的第二输出端与第二发射极板连接；第一发射极上设置有第一触点，第一接收极板上设置有第二触点；当第一触点与第二触点接触，第一发射极板与第一接收极板建立电连接；第二发射极板与第二接收极板进行电场耦合；第一接收极板与整流电路的第一输入端连接，第二接收极板与整流电路的第二输入端连接，整流电路的输出端与负载连接。实施本申请，提高了无线充电的偏位能力。

Description

一种无线充电发射装置、接收装置及其***
本申请要求于2021年12月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111678968.6、申请名称为“一种无线充电发射装置、接收装置及其***”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及无线充电技术领域，尤其是一种无线充电发射装置、接收装置及其***。
背景技术
目前采用无线充电技术对电子设备进行充电越来越普及，相比于传统的电缆充电，无线充电中的电源与负载之间不需要电缆连接，更加安全、便捷与可靠。
现有技术中，无线充电***的***框图可以参见图1，如图1所示，无线充电***中包括有发射装置以及接收装置。其中，发射装置可以包括两个发射极板，接收装置中可以包括两个接收极板，两个发射极板与两个接收极板两两正对，形成两对耦合电容来传输电能。然而，这种正对形式的极板设计，若两个发射极板与两个接收极板之间存在偏位的情况，即两个发射极板与两个接收极板没有两两正对，将导致无线充电***失谐，影响***的充电效率。换句话来说，现有技术中无线充电***的极板设计导致无线充电的偏位能力较差，自由度不高。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种无线充电发射装置、接收装置及其***，可以在较大范围内实现能量传输，提高了无线充电的偏位能力。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种无线充电发射装置，该无线充电发射装置包括逆变电路、第一发射极板和第二发射极板。其中，逆变电路的输入端与直流电源连接，逆变电路的第一输出端与第一发射极板连接，逆变电路的第二输出端与第二发射极板连接；第一发射极板上设有第一触点，当第一触点可以与无线充电接收装置中的第一接收极板上的第二触点接触时，第一发射极板与第一接收极板建立电连接；然而，第一发射极板与第二发射极板互不接触，第二发射极板与无线充电接收装置中的第二接收极板通过空气进行电场耦合。本申请实施例中，在无线充电发射装置的第一发射极板上增加了第一触点，通过第一触点与无线充电接收装置中第一接收极板的第二触点之间建立电连接，第二发射极板与第二接收极板之间进行电场耦合。这种无线充电发射装置对接收极板形状容忍度高，可以兼容不同形态的接收极板；另外，第一触点与第二触点的接触面积没有限制，因此本申请实施例可以在较大范围内实现能量传输，提高了无线充电的偏位能力。
结合第一方面，在第一种可能的实现方式中，当上述第一触点未与上述第一接收极板上的第二触点接触时，上述第一发射极板与上述第一接收极板通过空气进行电场耦合。换句话来说，本申请实施例可以兼容接触型的无线充电接收装置与非接触型的无线充电接收装置，兼容性高。
结合第一方面或结合第一方面第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中， 上述第一发射极板与上述第二发射极板在第一方向上的投影部分重合；第一方向垂直该第一发射极板所在平面或者垂直该第二发射极板所在平面。区别于现有技术中发射极板并列设置的结构，本申请实施例采用发射极板叠层的方式，使得无线充电发射装置的表面积相对较小。
结合第一方面第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，上述第一发射极板为网状结构。在本申请实施例中，将第一发射极板设置为网状结构，可以减小第一发射极板对第二发射极板的遮挡，增加第二发射极板与第二接收极板之间的正对面积，从而提高无线充电***的传输效率。
结合第一方面第三种可能的实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，上述网状结构包括多个镂空孔以及在多个镂空孔之间的多条导线，其中，该多条导线相互之间没有形成闭合回路。实施本申请实施例，可以减少第一发射极板上的涡流回路，使得该第一发射极板上没有涡流温升，从而降低第一发射极板上的涡流损耗，进一步提高无线充电的传输效率。
结合第一方面第四种可能的实现方式，在第五种可能的实现方式中，上述第二发射极板上包括多个连通的电极块，各个电极块与无线充电接收装置中的第二接收极板通过空气进行电场耦合；其中，各个电极块与上述第一发射极板中的镂空孔对应，并且各个电极块收容于与各自对应的镂空孔在第二发射极板上的投影内。本申请实施例可以减小第一发射极板与第二发射极板之间的正对面积，从而减小第一发射极板与第二发射极板之间的自耦合，进一步提高无线充电***的传输效率。
结合第一方面第五种可能的实现方式，在第六种可能的实现方式中，上述电极块为梳状结构。本申请实施例可以减少第二发射极板上的涡流回路，使得该第二发射极板上没有涡流温升，从而降低第二发射极板上的涡流损耗，进一步提高无线充电的传输效率。
结合第一方面第二种可能的实现方式至结合第一方面第六种可能的实现方式，在第七种可能的实现方式中，上述无线充电发射装置还包括屏蔽层；该屏蔽层设于上述第二发射极板沿第二方向的投影区域内，该第二方向与第三方向相反，其中该第三方向为上述第二发射极板向上述第二接收极板投影的方向。在本申请实施例中，在无线充电发射装置中增加屏蔽层，可以减小无线充电发射装置的电场泄露，提高无线充电的安全性和可靠性。
结合第一方面第七种可能的实现方式，在第八种可能的实现方式中，上述屏蔽层为网状结构；该屏蔽层连接上述逆变电路的第一输出端或上述逆变电路的第二输出端。本申请实施例将屏蔽层设置为网状结构，可以减小第一发射极板与第二发射极板之间的自耦合。
结合第一方面或结合第一方面上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在第九种可能的实现方式中，上述第一发射极板中包括n个第一发射子极板；任一第一发射子极板与相邻的其他第一发射子极板之间通过第一软性电路板连接；其中，n不小于2；
第二发射极板中包括与各个第一发射子极板对应的第二发射子极板；任一第二发射子极板与相邻的其他第二发射子极板之间通过第二软线电路板连接。本申请实施例采用软性电路板来连接极板的相邻部分，使得无线充电垫可折叠，减小了无线发射端的面积，便携性好。
结合第一方面第九种可能的实现方式，在第十种可能的实现方式中，上述无线充电发射装置还包括屏蔽层；该屏蔽层包括与各个第二发射子极板对应的屏蔽板，任一屏蔽板与 相邻的其他屏蔽板之间通过第三软性电路连接。
结合第一方面第十种可能的实现方式，在第十一种可能的实现方式中，上述无线充电发射装置还包括发射线圈，该发射线圈位于上述屏蔽层与上述第一发射极板之间；该发射线圈在交流电的作用下，产生高频磁场；高频磁场用于使无线充电接收装置中的接收线圈产生电能。本申请实施例增加了发射线圈，使得无线充电发射装置可以兼容磁场耦合和电场耦合两种无线充电方式，适用性好。
结合第一方面第十一种可能的实现方式，在第十二种可能的实现方式中，上述发射线圈的两端连接在逆变电路的第一输出端与逆变电路的第二输出端之间；上述交流电由该逆变电路提供；或者，上述无线充电发射装置还包括磁场发射电路，该磁场发射电路的两端连接上述发射线圈的两端，上述交流电由该磁场发射电路提供。换句话来说，发射线圈可以与两个发射极板共用逆变电路来得到交流电，也可以由另外的磁场发射电路来向发射线圈提供交流电。
结合第一方面或结合第一方面上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在第十三种可能的实现方式中，在上述第一触点未与上述无线充电接收装置中的第一接收极板上的第二触点建立电连接的情况下，第一发射极板还可以与无线充电接收装置中的第一接收极板通过空气进行电场耦合。
结合第一方面或结合第一方面上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在第十二种可能的实现方式中，上述无线充电发射装置还包括第一补偿电路；该第一补偿电路连接在逆变电路与第一发射极板以及第二发射极板之间，该第一补偿电路用于补偿无线充电发射装置与无线充电接收装置之间的容抗。实施本申请实施例，可以提高无线充电***中的能量传输效率
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种无线充电接收装置，该无线充电接收装置包括第一接收极板、第二接收极板和整流电路；其中，第一接收极板与整流电路的第一输入端连接，第二接收极板与整流电路的第二输入端连接，整流电路的输出端与负载连接。第一接收极板上设有第二触点，当第二触点与无线充电发射装置中的第一发射极板上的第一触点接触时，第一接收极板与第一发射极板建立电连接；第一接收极板与第二接收极板互不接触，第二接收极板用于与无线充电发射装置中的第二发射极板通过空气进行电场耦合。
结合第二方面，在第一种可能的实现方式中，当上述第二触点未与上述第一发射极板上的第一触点接触时，第一接收极板与第一发射极板通过空气进行电场耦合。
结合第二方面或结合第二方面第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，上述无线充电接收装置设于眼镜；其中，上述第一接收极板设置在该眼镜的表面，上述第二接收极板设置在该眼镜的镜腿外壳内。
结合第二方面或结合第二方面第一种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，上述无线充电接收装置设于耳机；其中，上述第一接收极板设置在耳机外壳外，上述第二接收极板设置在耳机外壳内。
结合第二方面或结合第二方面第一种可能的实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，上述无线充电接收装置设于手表；其中，上述第一接收极板为手表底盖金属裸露的外侧，上述第二接收极板设置在手表底盖的内侧与手表表盘之间。
结合第二方面或结合第二方面上述的任意一种可能的实现方式，在第五种可能的实现 方式中，上述无线接收装置的内部包括有接收线圈，该接收线圈与上述第二接收极板位于上述第一接收极板的同一侧；该接收线圈用于在上述无线充电发射装置中的发射线圈产生的高频磁场下，产生电能。
结合第二方面第五种可能的实现方式，在第六种可能的实现方式中，该接收线圈的两端连接在上述整流电路的第一输入端与上述整流电路的第二输入端之间；该接收线圈的电能通过上述整流电路传输至上述负载；或者上述无线充电接收装置还包括磁场接收电路，该磁场接收电路的两端连接该接收线圈的两端；该接收线圈的电能通过该磁场接收电路传输至上述负载。换句话来说，接收线圈可以与两个接收极板共用整流电路来传输电能至负载，也可以由另外的磁场接收电路来传输电能至负载。
结合第二方面或结合第二方面上述的任意一种可能的实现方式，在第五种可能的实现方式中，上述无线充电接收装置还包括第二补偿电路；该第二补偿电路连接在上述第一接收极板和上述第二接收极板与上述整流电路之间，该第二补偿电路用于补偿上述无线充电接收装置与上述无线充电发射装置之间的容抗。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种无线充电***，该无线充电***包括上述第一方面或结合第一方面任意一种可能的实现方式中的无线充电发射装置，以及上述第二方面或结合上述第二方面任意一种可能的实现方式中的无线充电接收装置。
应理解的是，本申请上述多个方面的实现和有益效果可以相互参考。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中的无线充电***的***框图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的无线充电***的一***框图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的无线充电***的又一***框图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的无线充电发射装置的一结构框图；
图5A至图5B为本申请实施例提供的第一发射极板的结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的无线充电发射装置的又一结构框图；
图7A至图7B为本申请实施例提供的第二发射极板的结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的无线充电发射装置的又一结构框图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的无线充电发射装置的又一结构框图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的无线充电发射装置的部分结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的无线充电接收装置为眼镜的示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的无线充电接收装置为耳机的示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的无线充电接收装置为手表的示意图；
图14为本申请实施例提供的无线充电***的一***示意图；
图15为本申请实施例提供的无线充电发射装置的又一部分结构示意图；
图16为本申请实施例提供的无线充电垫的展开侧视图；
图17为本申请实施例提供的无线充电垫展开供电的一俯视图；
图18为本申请实施例提供的无线充电垫的折叠侧视图；
图19为本申请实施例提供的无线充电垫折叠供电的一俯视图；
图20为本申请实施例提供的无线充电***的又一***示意图；
图21为本申请实施例提供的无线充电垫展开供电的又一俯视图；
图22为本申请实施例提供的无线充电垫折叠供电的一俯视图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请实施例可以应用在无线充电的场景。示例性的，本申请实施例中提供的无线充电发射装置例如可以具体实现为无线充电垫、无线充电盘、无线充电盒或无线充电支架等。本申请实施例中提供的无线充电接收装置例如可以设于手机终端、智能手表、智能眼镜、蓝牙耳机和智能手写笔中的至少一个或多个。
具体实现中，本申请实施例改变了无线充电发射装置和无线充电接收装置的结构，使得无线充电发射装置中的两个发射极板与无线充电接收装置中的两个接收极板无需两两正对，其中一个发射极板与其中一个接收极板可以通过触点接触来建立电连接，从而形成第一交流功率路径；而另一个发射极板与另一个接收极板通过空气建立电场耦合来形成第二交流功率路径，第一交流功率路径与第二交流功率路径实现交流功率回路闭合。
可选的，其中一个发射极板与其中一个接收极板可以不通过触点接触建立电连接，而是通过空气建立电场耦合来形成第一交流功率路径，另一个发射极板与另一个接收极板还是通过空气建立电场耦合来形成第二交流功率路径，第一交流功率路径与第二交流功率路径实现交流功率回路闭合。本申请实施例可以兼容非接触型的无线充电，即本申请实施例不对发射极板与接收极板上的触点是否接触进行限制。
并且，目前各品类的终端设备都是需要单独搭配专属的无线充电器，即不同的终端设备需要不同的无线充电器，未能实现无线充电器的归一化。而在本申请实施例中，无线充电发射装置可以同时对多个无线充电接收装置进行充电，即一对多进行充电，实现了无线充电器的归一化，使得无线充电更加便捷。
下面结合附图来对本申请的技术方案的实施作进一步的详细描述。
参见图2，图2为本申请实施例提供的无线充电***的一***框图。如图2所示，本申请实施例提供的无线充电***包括无线充电发射装置21和无线充电接收装置22。
无线充电发射装置21包括逆变电路210、第一发射极板211和第二发射极板212。其中，逆变电路210的输入端与直流电源U1连接，逆变电路210的第一输出端与第一发射极板211连接，逆变电路210的第二输出端与第二发射极板212连接；并且，第一发射极板211与第二发射极板212互不接触。示例性的，为了避免第一发射极板211与第二发射极板212之间接触，可以对第二发射极板212进行绝缘处理，或者可以在第一发射极板211与第二发射极板212之间用绝缘物隔开。
无线充电接收装置22包括第一接收极板221、第二接收极板222和整流电路220。其中，第一接收极板221与整流电路220的第一输入端连接，第二接收极板222与整流电路 220的第二输入端连接，整流电路220的输出端与负载连接；并且，第一接收极板221与第二接收极板222也互不接触。同理的，为了避免第一接收极板221与第二接收极板222之间接触，可以对第二接收极板222进行绝缘处理，或者可以在第一接收极板221与第二接收极板222之间用绝缘物隔开。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例不对第二发射极板212和第二接收极板222是否裸露或绝缘进行限制。
直流电源U1例如可以是电池(如镍镉电池、镍氢电池、锂离子电池、锂聚合物电池等)或蓄电池等。直流电源U1可以用于耦合上一级电路如AC/DC变换器(Alternating Current/Direct-Currentconverter)或其他DC/DC变换器(如BUCK变换器、BOOST变换器、BUCK-BOOST变换器等)等。换句话说，直流电源U1可以是直接电源，也可以是经过电路传输的间接电源。示例性的，该直流电源U1可以具体实现为电源适配器(如手机适配器、电脑适配器等)。
逆变电路210将直流电源U1输出的直流电转换为交流电，并将该交流电传输至第一发射极板211和第二发射极板212。示例性的，该逆变电路210可以是全桥逆变电路、半桥逆变电路或Class E类逆变电路等，具体电路结构的实现可以参考现有技术，此处不作赘述，本申请实施例不对逆变电路210的具体结构进行限定。
第一发射极板211可以是利用铜箔、铝箔、铁片或导电陶瓷等导电材料制作而成。该第一发射极板211上设置有第一触点，示例性的，可以对第一发射极板211不作绝缘处理，则该第一发射极板211的表面即为该第一触点。可选的，也可以对第一发射极板211作部分绝缘处理，则第一发射极板211的金属裸露部分为第一触点。或者，第一触点还可以是在第一发射极板211的表面粘贴铜箔、铝箔或铁等金属片。总的来说，该第一触点为第一发射极板211中可导电部分。
第一接收极板221可以设置在待充电的终端设备中，该第一接收极板221可以是利用铜箔、铝箔、铁片或导电陶瓷等导电材料制作而成，还可以具体实现为终端设备的金属外壳，例如手机的金属外壳，手表的金属底盖、眼镜的金属镜框等等。因此，该第一接收极板221的形状可以是图2中示出的圆形，还可以是菱形、矩形等形状。应当理解为图2是对第一接收极板221的形状进行示例，不应当理解为限制，该第一接收极板221的形状可以跟随终端设备的形状而变化。
第一接收极板221上设置有第二触点，示例性的，可以对第一接收极板221不作绝缘处理，则该第一接收极板221的表面接为该第二触点。同理的，也可以对第一接收极板221作部分绝缘处理，则第一接收极板221的金属裸露部分为第二触点。或者，第二触点还可以是在第一接收极板221的表面粘贴铜箔、铝箔或铁等金属片。总的来说，该第二触点为第一接收极板221中可导电部分。
具体实现中，第一发射极板211中的第一触点与第一接收极板221中的第二触点接触时，两者建立电连接。然而，第二发射极板212与第二接收极板222是通过空气进行电场耦合来形成能量回路的，即第二发射极板212与第二接收极板222之间不接触。在第二发射极板212产生的电场的作用下，第二接收极板222产生交流电，并将该交流电传输至整流电路220。示例性的，以第二发射极板212连接逆变电路210输出的高电位为例，此时 无线充电***中的能量传输闭合路径是：从直流电源U1的正极、逆变电路210的第二输出端(高电位)、第二发射极板212、第二接收极板222、整流电路220的第二输入端、负载、整流电路220的第一输入端、第一接收极板221、第一发射极板211、逆变电路210的第一输出端回到直流电源U1的负极。
整流电路220将第一接收极板221与第二接收极板222之间的交流电转换为直流电，并将该直流电传输至负载，以向负载提供直流电源，从而实现无线充电发射装置21对无线充电接收装置22进行充电。该负载例如可以是电容、电阻、锂电池或芯片等。
示例性的，整流电路220可以是全桥整流电路、半桥整流电路或Class E类整流电路等等，具体电路结构可以参考现有技术，此处不作赘述，本申请实施例不对整流电路220的具体结构进行限定。
本申请实施例中，首先，本申请实施例通过电场耦合原理来进行无线充电，使得无线充电***的重量轻，成本低；其次，在无线充电发射装置的第一发射极板上增加了第一触点，在无线充电接收装置的第一接收极板上增加了第二触点，区别于现有技术中两个发射极板与两个接收极板之间两两正对来实现电场耦合，本申请实施例可以是通过第一触点与第二触点之间接触来建立第一发射极板与第一接收极板之间的电连接，第二发射极板与第二接收极板之间进行电场耦合，从而实现电能传输路径闭合。可以理解的是，本申请实施例中的这种触点建立电连接并不需要增加多余的物料，在无线充电的场景中，只需要将无线充电发射装置中的第一触点与无线充电接收装置的第二触点接触，这种无线充电发射装置对接收极板形状容忍度高，可以兼容不同形态的接收极板；另外，第一触点与第二触点的接触面积没有限制，因此本申请实施例可以在较大范围内实现能量传输，提高了无线充电的偏位能力。
并且，本申请实施例提供的无线充电发射装置可以对多个无线充电接收装置进行充电，即实现一对多充电，实现了无线充电器的归一化，使得无线充电更加便捷。
需要说明的是，在第一触点未与第二触点接触时，例如无线充电接收装置在靠近或远离无线充电发射装置的过程中，第一发射极板与第一接收极板之间也可以通过空气进行电场耦合的，此时也是可以形成能量回路的。换句话来说，可以理解为本申请实施例提供的无线充电***既可以兼容两个触点建立电连接来形成能量回路的形式，还可以兼容第一发射极板上的第一触点与第一接收极板上的第二触点不接触，两者通过电场耦合来形成能量回路的形式。
在一些可行的实施方式中，参见图3，图3为本申请实施例提供的无线充电***的又一***框图。如图3所示，本申请实施例提供的无线充电发射装置还包括第一补偿电路213，该第一补偿电路连接在逆变电路与第一发射极板以及第二发射极板之间。该第一补偿电路213可以补偿无线充电发射装置与无线充电接收装置之间的容抗，即补偿无线充电***中的无功功率，可以提高无线充电***中的能量传输效率。示例性的，该第一补偿电路213中可以包括电容和电感中的至少一种。
可选的，本申请实施例提供的无线充电接收装置还包括第二补偿电路223，该第二补偿电路223连接在第一接收极板和第二接收极板与整流电路之间。该第二补偿电路223可以补偿无线充电接收装置与无线充电发射装置之间的容抗，即补偿无线充电***中的无功 功率，可以进一步提高无线充电***中的能量传输效率。示例性的，该第二补偿电路223中也是包括电感或电容中的至少一种。
需要说明的是，无线充电***中可以包括第一补偿电路213和第二补偿电路223中的至少一个。换句话来说，第一补偿电路213和第二补偿电路223可以同时存在，也可以各自独立存在。并且，即使第一补偿电路213和第二补偿电路223同时存在时，两者之间的电路结构也可以不一样，只要可以对无线充电接收装置与无线充电发射装置之间的容抗进行补偿即可，不对补偿电路的具体电路结构进行限制。
下面结合图4至图10对本申请实施例中的无线充电发射装置中的第一发射极板和第二发射极板的具体结构进行介绍。
首先参见图4，图4为本申请实施例提供的无线充电发射装置的一结构框图。如图4所示，无线充电发射装置中的第一发射极板与第二发射极板在第一方向上的投影部分重合，该第一方向垂直第一发射极板所在平面或者垂直第二发射极板所在平面。此时，第一发射极板与第二发射极板之间形成堆叠结构。区别于现有技术中发射极板并列设置的结构，本申请实施例采用发射极板叠层的方式，使得无线充电发射装置的表面积相对较小。
在一些可行的实施方式中，第一发射极板为网状结构。示例性的，参见图5A，图5A为本申请实施例提供的第一发射极板的结构示意图。如图5A所示，第一发射极板的网状结构中包括多个镂空孔A以及在多个镂空孔之间的多条导线。
需要说明的是，该多条导线可以围成不同形状的镂空孔形状，例如可以是三角形、五边形等等。图5A中只是以网状结构具体呈现为四边形进行示例，并不应理解为对网状结构的限制，应当理解为本申请实施例不对网状结构内的镂空部分的设置形状进行限制。
在本申请实施例中，通过将第一发射极板设置为网状结构，可以减小第一发射极板对第二发射极板的遮挡，增加第二发射极板与第二接收极板之间的正对面积。由于第二发射极板与第二接收极板之间的互耦合强度与两个极板之间的正对面积正相关，而第二发射极板与第二接收极板之间的互耦合强度与无线充电***的传输效率正相关。因此，实施本申请实施例，可以提高第二发射极板与第二接收极板之间的互耦合强度，即提高无线充电***的传输效率。
进一步的，在一些可行的实施方式中，参见图5B，图5B为本申请实施例提供的第一发射极板的结构示意图。如图5B所示，网状结构中包括的多条导线相互之间没有形成闭合回路。示例性的，图5B以镂空孔为四边形为例，四边形的四条边的首尾没有依次连接形成封闭四边形的，比如说，第一导线与第二导线连接，第二导线与第三导线连接，第三导线与第四导线连接，第四导线与第一导线断开(即第四导线与第一导线之前存在断口)。可以理解的是，虽然图5B中示出的每个镂空孔中的四条边没有形成闭合回路，但每个镂空孔的边都是有连接到同一个导线中的(例如最左边的竖导线)。换句话来说，第一发射极中包括的在多个镂空孔之间的多条导线均连接到同一个电位点(即多条导线均有连接至逆变电路的第一输出端)。
实施本申请实施例，可以减少第一发射极板上的涡流回路，使得该第一发射极板上没有涡流温升，从而降低第一发射极板上的涡流损耗，进一步提高无线充电的传输效率。
可选的，在一些可行的实施方式中，参见图6，图6为本申请实施例提供的无线充电发射装置的又一结构框图。图6中示出的无线充电发射装置与图4中示出的无线充电发射装置之间的区别在于，第二发射极板的结构不同。
在一些可行的实施方式中，参见图7A，图7A为本申请实施例提供的第二发射极板的结构示意图。如图7A所示，第二发射极板上包括有多个连通的电极块B(黑色部分)，各个电极块B与无线充电接收装置中的第二接收极板通过空气进行电场耦合。在图7A中示出的第二发射极板上，白色部分是不导通的，黑色部分是导通的。将第二发射极板切割成一个个电极块，虽然每个电极块依然连接的都是同一电位点(即逆变电路的第二输出端)，但还是可以减少第一发射极板与第二发射极板之间的正对面积。由于第一发射极板与第二发射极板之间具有自耦合，第一发射极板与第二发射极板之间的自耦合大小与两个发射极板之间的正对面积正相关，且与无线充电***的传输效率负相关。因此，可以减小第一发射极板与第二发射极板之间的自耦合，提高无线充电***的传输效率。
进一步的，可以将各个电极块B与第一发射极板中的镂空孔对应起来，其中，各个电极块可以收容于与各自对应的镂空孔在第二发射极板上的投影内。换句话来说，第二发射极板上的电极块与第一发射极板上围成镂空孔的导线没有正对。
可以理解的是，第二发射极板上的电极块B的形状是跟随第一发射电极板上的镂空孔的形状变化的。
在本申请实施例中，通过将第二发射极板设置成多个电极块B，并且可以将各个电极块B收容于与每个电极块对应的镂空孔在第二发射极板上的投影内，可以进一步地减小第一发射极板与第二发射极板之间的正对面积。因此，实施本申请实施例，可以进一步减小第一发射极板与第二发射极板之间的自耦合，提高无线充电***的传输效率。
进一步的，在一些可行的实施方式中，参见图7B，图7B为本申请实施例提供的第二发射极板的结构示意图。如图7B所示，每个电极块均为梳状结构。可以理解的是，梳状结构中包括多条栅条，各条栅条将每个电极块切割成子电极块，可以减少各个电极块中形成涡流回路的数量。
本申请实施例通过将第二发射极板设置成梳状结构，可以减少第二发射极板上的涡流回路，使得该第二发射极板上没有涡流温升，从而降低第二发射极板上的涡流损耗，进一步提高无线充电的传输效率。
可选的，在一些可行的实施方式中，参见图8，图8为本申请实施例提供的无线充电发射装置的又一结构框图。如图8所示，无线充电发射装置还包括屏蔽层。该屏蔽层设于第二发射极板沿第二方向的投影区域内，该第二方向第三方向相反；其中，该第三方向为第二发射极板向第二接收极板投影的方向。换句话来说，屏蔽层设置在第二发射极无需与第二接收极板进行电场耦合的一侧。
示例性的，该屏蔽层可以是利用铜箔、铝箔或铁片等金属制作而成。
在本申请实施例中，在无线充电发射装置中增加屏蔽层，由于电场是四面八方的，在第二发射极无需与第二接收极板进行电场耦合的一侧设置屏蔽层，可以减小无线充电发射装置的电场泄露，提高无线充电的安全性和可靠性。
进一步的，参见图9，图9为本申请实施例提供的无线充电发射装置的又一结构框图。 图9中示出的无线充电发射装置与图8中示出的无线充电发射装置的区别在于，屏蔽层的连接关系。如图9所示，屏蔽层可以与第一发射极板共同连接至逆变电路的第一输出端。或者，屏蔽层可以与第二发射极板共同连接至逆变电路的第二输出端。
示例性的，以逆变电路的第一输出端为高电位为例，逆变电路的第二输出端为低电位(例如GND)，则该无线充电发射装置可以具有多种连接方式。例如，第一发射极板与屏蔽层接GND，第二发射极板接高电位；或者，第一发射极板接GND，屏蔽层和第二发射极板接高电位；或者，第一发射极板接高电位，屏蔽层和第二发射极板接GND；或者，第一发射极板与屏蔽层接高电位，第二发射极板接GND等。
然而，无论该屏蔽板连接至哪个发射极板，都增加了第一发射极板与第二发射极板之间的自耦合。因此，为减小第一发射极板与第二发射极板之间的自耦合，可以将屏蔽层设置为网状结构(例如可以参考图5A中示出的结构示意图)。
结合图4至图9所描述的实施例，本申请实施例提供的无线充电发射装置中的第一发射极板、第二发射极板以及屏蔽层之间的结构可以参见图10中示出的部分结构示意图。可以理解的是，图10只是对第一发射极板、第二发射极板以及屏蔽层之间的结构进行示例性说明，并不对此构成限制。比如说，第一发射极板中可以如图5B设有断口、第二发射极板可以如图7B包括多个梳状结构的电极块、屏蔽层可以设置为网状结构等等。
下面结合图11至图13对本申请实施例中的无线充电接收装置的应用场景进行示例性说明。
在一些可行的实施方式中，参见图11，图11为本申请实施例提供的无线充电接收装置为眼镜的示意图。如图11所示，无线充电接收装置设于眼镜；其中，第一接收极板设置在眼镜的表面，例如金属镜框裸露部分、镜腿外侧粘贴有金属片部分；第二接收极板设置在眼镜的镜腿外壳内。无线充电接收装置中包括的整流电路也可以设置在镜腿外壳内(图中未示出)，该整流电路与第二接收极板可以直接通过印制电路板PCB上的铜箔走线来建立连接关系，该整流电路与第一接收极板之间的连接关系可以通过电线来建立(图中未示出)。
示例性的，第二接收极板的形状可以跟随眼镜的镜腿形状，本申请不对第二接收极板的形状作限制。
需要说明的是，该眼镜具有左右两个镜腿，左镜腿与金属镜框的左边表面部分可以看作一个无线充电接收装置，右镜腿与金属镜框的右边表面部分可以看作另一个无线充电接收装置，所以一个眼镜的左右镜腿之间没有充电冲突，可以分别向该眼镜对应的两个无线充电接收装置来进行无线充电。
可选的，在一些可行的实施方式中，参见图12，图12为本申请实施例提供的无线充电接收装置为耳机的示意图。如图12所示，无线充电接收装置设于耳机；其中，第一接收极板设置在耳机外壳外，第二接收极板设置在耳机外壳内。其中，第二接收极板的形状可以跟随耳塞孔的形状。
示例性的，第一接收极板可以是使用电镀的形式，将铜箔、铝箔或铁片等金属镀在耳机外壳外，该耳机外壳可以是目前使用的塑料外壳。
无线充电接收装置中包括的整流电路也可以设置在耳机外壳内(图中未示出)，该整流 电路与第二接收极板可以直接通过印制电路板PCB上的铜箔走线来建立连接关系，该整流电路与第一接收极板之间的连接关系也可以通过PCB来建立，或者通过在耳机外壳内的电线来建立(图中未示出)。
可选的，在一些可行的实施方式中，参见图13，图13为本申请实施例提供的无线充电接收装置为手表的示意图。如图13所示，无线充电接收装置设于手表。其中，第一接收极板为手表底盖金属裸露的外侧，第二接收极板设置在手表底盖的内侧与手表表盘之间。
示例性的，第一接收极板与手表底盖可以是同一个物体，即手表底盖是金属制作而成的，则该手表底盖裸露在外侧的金属部分即为第一接收极板。第二接收极板设于手表底盖的内侧与手表表盘之间，该手表底盖的内侧是绝缘的，用来隔绝第二接收极板与第一接收极板之间的接触。或者，该第二接收极板还可以设置为表框部分。
可选的，该手表中还包括有血氧心率检测模块PPG，则第一接收极板可以设置在PPG的圆窗外圈。或者，该手表中还包括有心电检测模块ECG，则第一接收极板可以复用ECG，为片状，不绝缘处理，与第一发射极板接触建立电连接。
上述为对本申请实施例的无线充电接收装置的应用进行示例，而非穷举，应当理解为本申请无线充电接收装置可以应用于任何无线充电的场景，例如电动汽车无线充电、移动机器人无线充电等。
以无线充电接收装置设于手表为例，本申请实施例提供的无线充电***的***示意图可以参见图14，图14为本申请实施例提供的无线充电***的***示意图。如图14所示，该无线充电***可以实现如图2至图13所描述的任意一种可行的实施方式，此处不作赘述。
在一些可行的实施方式中，参见图15，图15为本申请实施例提供的无线充电发射装置的又一部分结构示意图。如图15所示，第一发射极板中包括n个第一发射子极板，其中，n不小于2。示例性的，图15中以n＝3为例进行示例性说明。
任一第一发射子极板与相邻的其他第一发射子极板之间通过第一软性电路板连接。
第二发射极板中包括与各个第一发射子极板对应的第二发射子极板，任一第二发射子极板与相邻的其他第二发射子极板之间通过第二软线电路板连接。可以理解的是，第一发射子极板与对应的第二发射子极板的大小可以相同，或者，第一发射子极板的表面积大于对应的第二发射子极板的表面积，或者，第一发射子极板的表面积小于对应的第二发射子极板的表面。可以理解的是，第一发射子极板与对应的第二发射子极板之间的相对大小关系进行限制，只需要两者可以折叠起来即可。
可选的，无线充电发射装置还包括屏蔽层；该屏蔽层包括与各个第二发射子极板对应的屏蔽板，任一屏蔽板与相邻的其他屏蔽板之间通过第三软性电路连接。
其中，一个第一发射子极板与对应的一个第二发射子极板以及一个屏蔽板可以是一个无线充电发射端。
示例性的，图15中示出的第一发射极板、第二发射极板以及屏蔽层可以具体呈现为无线充电垫，该无线充电垫的展开侧视图如图16所示。该无线充电垫可以同时给不同的终端设备进行充电，例如参见图17，图17中的无线充电垫是展开的。以该无线充电垫具有三个无线充电端为例，可以同时向手表、眼镜的左边以及眼镜的右边进行无线充电。
为了减少充电垫的面积，可以将图16中示出的展开的无线充电垫折叠。折叠后的充电垫的折叠侧视可以参见图18。折叠后的无线充电垫还是可以对终端设备进行无线充电，例如参见图19，折叠后的无线充电垫对手表进行无线充电。
本申请实施中，通过将无线充电发射装置中的各个极板(例如第一发射极板、第二发射极板和屏蔽层)分成各个部分，采用软性电路板来连接相邻部分，使得无线充电垫可折叠，减小了无线发射端的面积，便携性好。
为了可以兼容利用磁场耦合进行的无线充电，本申请实施例还可以在结合前文图2至图19所描述的实施例的基础上，增加发射线圈和接收线圈。
参见图20，图20为本申请实施例提供的无线充电***的又一***示意图。如图20所示，无线充电发射装置中还包括发射线圈，该发射线圈位于屏蔽层与第一发射极板之间，该发射线圈可以做屏蔽处理，即该发射线圈的表面可以具有电磁屏蔽材料。该发射线圈可以在交流电的作用下产生高频磁场。
进一步的，可以具体将发射线圈设置在屏蔽层与第二发射极板之间，从而可以避免将发射线圈设置在第一发射极板与第二发射极板之间，将第二发射极板与第二接收极板之间的距离变远。换句话来说，将发射线圈设置在屏蔽层与第二发射极板之间，可以减小第二发射极板与第二接收极板之间的距离，增加第二发射极板与第二接收极板之间的互耦。
在一些可行的实施方式中，无线充电发射装置还包括磁场发射电路。其中，该发射线圈的两端连接磁场发射电路的两端，该磁场发射电路向发射线圈提供交流电。
可选的，在一些可行的实施方式中，发射线圈的两端连接在逆变电路的第一输出端与逆变电路的第二输出端之间(图中未示出)，即发射线圈与第一发射极板和第二发射极板共用逆变电路，该逆变电路向发射线圈提供交流电。示例性的，可以在逆变电路的输出端中设置有开关，以开关切换的形式，与第一发射极板和第二发射极板复用逆变电路，节省成本。
无线接收装置内部包括接收线圈，该接收线圈可以做屏蔽处理，即该接收线圈的表面可以具有电磁屏蔽材料。该接收线圈位于第一接收极板与第二接收极板之间。该接收线圈可以在发射线圈产生的高频磁场的作用下产生电能。
在一些可行的实施方式中，无线接收装置还包括磁场接收电路。其中，该磁场接收电路的两端连接接收线圈的两端，该磁场接收电路将接收线圈上产生的电能传输至负载。
可选的，在一些可行的实施方式中，接收线圈的两端连接在整流电路的第一输入端与整流电路的第二输入端之间(图中未示出)，即接收线圈与第一接收极板和第二接收极板共用整流电路，该整流电路将接收线圈上产生的电能传输至负载。示例性的，可以在整流电路的输入端中设置有开关，以开关切换的形式，与第一接收极板和第二接收极板复用整流电路，节省成本。
总的来说，发射线圈可以在交流电的作用下，产生高频磁场，该接收线圈在发射线圈产生的高频磁场下，产生电能，从而实现磁场耦合的电能传输。
在一些可行的实施方式中，本申请实施例中的磁场耦合和电场耦合可以同时工作。参见图21，图21为本申请实施例提供的无线充电垫展开供电的又一俯视图。如图21所示， 以无线充电发射装置设于无线充电垫为例，无线充电垫可以同时向手表、手机终端、耳机等进行充电，其中手机终端与无线充电垫之间是磁场耦合，手表和耳机与无线充电垫之间是电场耦合。
可选的，在一些可行的实施方式中，本申请实施例中的磁场耦合或电场耦合可以单独工作，参见图22，图22为本申请实施例提供的无线充电垫折叠供电的一俯视图。如图22所示，折叠后的无线充电垫中的发射线圈可以对手机终端进行无线充电。或者，折叠后的无线充电垫中的第一发射极板和第二发射极板也可以对手表或耳机等进行无线充电。
本申请实施例中，通过在无线充电***中增加发射线圈与接收线圈，可以兼容磁场耦合的无线充电方式，提供磁场耦合和电场耦合两种无线充电方式，适用性好。
需要说明的是，上述术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种无线充电发射装置，其特征在于，所述无线充电发射装置包括逆变电路、第一发射极板和第二发射极板；
    所述逆变电路的输入端与直流电源连接，所述逆变电路的第一输出端与所述第一发射极板连接，所述逆变电路的第二输出端与所述第二发射极板连接；
    所述第一发射极板上设有第一触点，当所述第一触点与无线充电接收装置中的第一接收极板上的第二触点接触时，所述第一发射极板与所述第一接收极板建立电连接；
    所述第一发射极板与所述第二发射极板互不接触，所述第二发射极板用于与所述无线充电接收装置中的第二接收极板通过空气进行电场耦合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无线充电发射装置，其特征在于，当所述第一触点未与所述第一接收极板上的第二触点接触时，所述第一发射极板与所述第一接收极板通过空气进行电场耦合。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的无线充电发射装置，其特征在于，所述第一发射极板与所述第二发射极板在第一方向上的投影部分重合；所述第一方向垂直所述第一发射极板所在平面或者垂直所述第二发射极板所在平面。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的无线充电发射装置，其特征在于，所述第一发射极板为网状结构。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的无线充电发射装置，其特征在于，所述网状结构包括多条导线以及所述多条导线围成的多个镂空孔；其中，所述多条导线相互之间没有形成闭合回路。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的无线充电发射装置，其特征在于，所述第二发射极板上包括多个连通的电极块，各个电极块用于与所述无线充电接收装置中的第二接收极板通过空气进行电场耦合；
    其中，各个电极块与所述第一发射极板中的镂空孔对应，并且各个电极块收容于与各自对应的镂空孔在所述第二发射极板上的投影内。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的无线充电发射装置，其特征在于，所述电极块为梳状结构。
  8. 根据权利要求3-7任一项所述的无线充电发射装置，其特征在于，所述无线充电发射装置还包括屏蔽层；
    所述屏蔽层设于所述第二发射极板沿第二方向的投影区域内，所述第二方向与第三方向相反；其中，所述第三方向为所述第二发射极板向所述第二接收极板投影的方向。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的无线充电发射装置，其特征在于，所述屏蔽层为网状结构； 所述屏蔽层连接所述逆变电路的第一输出端或所述逆变电路的第二输出端。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的无线充电发射装置，其特征在于，所述第一发射极板中包括n个第一发射子极板；任一第一发射子极板与相邻的其他第一发射子极板之间通过第一软性电路板连接；其中，n不小于2；
    所述第二发射极板中包括与各个第一发射子极板对应的第二发射子极板；任一第二发射子极板与相邻的其他第二发射子极板之间通过第二软线电路板连接。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的无线充电发射装置，其特征在于，所述无线充电发射装置还包括屏蔽层；所述屏蔽层包括与各个第二发射子极板对应的屏蔽板，任一屏蔽板与相邻的其他屏蔽板之间通过第三软性电路连接。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的无线充电发射装置，其特征在于，所述无线充电发射装置还包括发射线圈，所述发射线圈位于所述屏蔽层与所述第一发射极板之间；
    所述发射线圈用于在交流电的作用下，产生高频磁场；所述高频磁场用于使所述无线充电接收装置中的接收线圈产生电能。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的无线充电发射装置，其特征在于，所述发射线圈的两端连接在所述逆变电路的第一输出端与所述逆变电路的第二输出端之间；所述交流电由所述逆变电路提供；
    或者，所述无线充电发射装置还包括磁场发射电路，所述磁场发射电路的两端连接所述发射线圈的两端，所述交流电由所述磁场发射电路提供。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的无线充电发射装置，其特征在于，所述无线充电发射装置还包括第一补偿电路；所述第一补偿电路连接在所述逆变电路与所述第一发射极板以及所述第二发射极板之间，所述第一补偿电路用于补偿所述无线充电发射装置与所述无线充电接收装置之间的容抗。
  15. 一种无线充电接收装置，其特征在于，所述无线充电接收装置包括第一接收极板、第二接收极板和整流电路；
    所述第一接收极板与所述整流电路的第一输入端连接，所述第二接收极板与所述整流电路的第二输入端连接，所述整流电路的输出端与负载连接；
    所述第一接收极板上设有第二触点，当所述第二触点与无线充电发射装置中的第一发射极板上的第一触点接触时，所述第一接收极板与所述第一发射极板建立电连接；
    所述第一接收极板与所述第二接收极板互不接触，所述第二接收极板用于与所述无线充电发射装置中的第二发射极板通过空气进行电场耦合。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的无线充电接收装置，其特征在于，当所述第二触点未与所 述第一发射极板上的第一触点接触时，所述第一接收极板与所述第一发射极板通过空气进行电场耦合。
  17. 根据权利要求15或16所述的无线充电接收装置，其特征在于，所述无线充电接收装置设于眼镜；其中，所述第一接收极板设置在所述眼镜的表面，所述第二接收极板设置在所述眼镜的镜腿外壳内。
  18. 根据权利要求15或16所述的无线充电接收装置，其特征在于，所述无线充电接收装置设于耳机；其中，所述第一接收极板设置在耳机外壳外，所述第二接收极板设置在耳机外壳内。
  19. 根据权利要求15或16所述的无线充电接收装置，其特征在于，所述无线充电接收装置设于手表；其中，所述第一接收极板为手表底盖金属裸露的外侧，所述第二接收极板设置在手表底盖的内侧与手表表盘之间。
  20. 根据权利要求15-19任一项所述的无线充电接收装置，其特征在于，所述无线接收装置的内部包括有接收线圈，所述接收线圈与所述第二接收极板位于所述第一接收极板的同一侧；
    所述接收线圈用于在所述无线充电发射装置中的发射线圈产生的高频磁场下，产生电能。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的无线充电接收装置，其特征在于，所述接收线圈的两端连接在所述整流电路的第一输入端与所述整流电路的第二输入端之间；所述接收线圈的电能通过所述整流电路传输至所述负载；
    或者，所述无线充电接收装置还包括磁场接收电路，所述磁场接收电路的两端连接所述接收线圈的两端；所述接收线圈的电能通过所述磁场接收电路传输至所述负载。
  22. 根据权利要求15-21任一项所述的无线充电接收装置，其特征在于，所述无线充电接收装置还包括第二补偿电路；所述第二补偿电路连接在所述第一接收极板和所述第二接收极板与所述整流电路之间，所述第二补偿电路用于补偿所述无线充电接收装置与所述无线充电发射装置之间的容抗。
  23. 一种无线充电***，其特征在于，所述无线充电***包括如权利要求1-14任一项所述的无线充电发射装置，以及如权利要求15-22任一项所述的无线充电接收装置。
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