WO2023124152A1

WO2023124152A1 - Rotor core, rotor, motor, motor driving system and electric vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2023124152A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/114790
Authority: WO
Inventors: 石超杰; 蔺梦轩; 周朝
Original assignee: 华为数字能源技术有限公司
Priority date: 2021-12-27
Filing date: 2022-08-25
Publication date: 2023-07-06
Also published as: CN114498977A

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application relate to a rotor core (100), a rotor, a motor, a motor driving system and an electric vehicle. The rotor core (100) comprises a rotor body (110) and a sleeve (120). A plurality of core accessories (112) are circumferentially arranged on a core base body (111) in the rotor body (110). A first rotor groove (113) is formed between the core base body (111) and each core accessory (112). The sleeve (120) is provided outside the rotor body (110) to enhance the mechanical strength of the rotor body (110), and high-speed operation of the rotor is achieved. A thicker magnetic bridge for reducing magnetic flux leakage does not need to be provided between the core base body (111) and the core accessory (112), the magnetic flux leakage is reduced by adjusting the direction of the magnetic lines by means of a magnetic isolation groove (1131), and the risk that the magnetic bridge is prone to break when the rotor rotates at a high speed does not need to be considered. Under the condition that the same rotor outer diameter and the same permanent magnet built-in form and size are adopted, the motor can reach a higher rotating speed, and higher power density is realized. A synchronous reluctance motor adopting the rotor core (100) and a permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor can also realize operation at a higher rotating speed, and the power density of the motor is improved.

Description

一种转子铁芯、转子、电机、电机驱动***及电动车A rotor core, rotor, motor, motor drive system and electric vehicle

本申请要求于2021年12月27日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为202111682531.X、申请名称为“一种转子铁芯、转子、电机、电机驱动***及电动车”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application submitted to the State Intellectual Property Office on December 27, 2021, the application number is 202111682531.X, and the application name is "A Rotor Core, Rotor, Motor, Motor Drive System, and Electric Vehicle" rights, the entire contents of which are incorporated in this application by reference.

技术领域technical field

本申请实施例涉及电机领域，尤其涉及一种转子铁芯、转子、电机、电机驱动***及电动车。The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of motors, and in particular to a rotor core, a rotor, a motor, a motor drive system, and an electric vehicle.

背景技术Background technique

在一些应用场景中，电机需要达到很高的转速，高转速会给电机结构带来更大的挑战。以电动车常用的内置式永磁电机为例，转子铁芯上通常会有用于强度支撑的磁桥。更高的电机转速会给转子带来更大的离心力，磁桥存在应力集中而疲劳断裂风险。为了降低更高转速带来磁桥的破坏风险，可设置相对较厚的磁桥，但是会增加电机漏磁的风险，使转矩、功率因素和效率等电磁性能降低。为了提升电机转速，可在转子铁芯上设置更多的永磁体，但是在转子铁芯上加厚磁桥的空间就会变得更少，较薄的磁桥难以面对断裂风险，从而限制了电机转速的提升。业界的永磁电机在需要很高转速时，难以兼顾磁桥机械强度和电磁性能，以及只通过加厚磁桥难以进一步提升电机转速。In some application scenarios, the motor needs to reach a very high speed, and the high speed will bring greater challenges to the motor structure. Taking the built-in permanent magnet motor commonly used in electric vehicles as an example, the rotor core usually has a magnetic bridge for strength support. Higher motor speed will bring greater centrifugal force to the rotor, and the magnetic bridge has the risk of stress concentration and fatigue fracture. In order to reduce the risk of damage to the magnetic bridge caused by higher speeds, a relatively thick magnetic bridge can be set, but it will increase the risk of magnetic flux leakage of the motor and reduce the electromagnetic performance such as torque, power factor and efficiency. In order to increase the speed of the motor, more permanent magnets can be placed on the rotor core, but the space for thickening the magnetic bridge on the rotor core will become less, and the thinner magnetic bridge is difficult to face the risk of fracture, thus limiting increased motor speed. When the permanent magnet motor in the industry requires a high speed, it is difficult to balance the mechanical strength and electromagnetic performance of the magnetic bridge, and it is difficult to further increase the motor speed by only thickening the magnetic bridge.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本申请实施例提供一种转子铁芯、转子、电机、电机驱动***及电动车，解决了现有技术中的电机在需要很高转速时，难以兼顾磁桥机械强度和电磁性能，以及只通过加厚磁桥难以进一步提升电机转速的问题。The embodiment of the present application provides a rotor core, a rotor, a motor, a motor drive system, and an electric vehicle, which solves the problem that it is difficult to balance the mechanical strength and electromagnetic performance of the magnetic bridge when the motor in the prior art requires a very high speed, and only through the It is difficult to further increase the motor speed by thickening the magnetic bridge.

为达到上述目的，本申请实施例采用如下技术方案：In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种转子铁芯，包括转子本体和套筒。转子本体包括铁芯基体和多个铁芯附件，铁芯基体用于和转轴连接，多个铁芯附件沿铁芯基体的周向分布。铁芯基体和每个铁芯附件之间分别形成有第一转子槽，每个第一转子槽的至少一部分形成有用于降低漏磁的隔磁槽。套筒套设于多个铁芯附件的外边缘。In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a rotor core, including a rotor body and a sleeve. The rotor body includes an iron core base body and a plurality of iron core attachments, the iron core base body is used for connecting with the rotating shaft, and the plurality of iron core attachments are distributed along the circumference of the iron core base body. A first rotor slot is respectively formed between the iron core base and each iron core attachment, and at least a part of each first rotor slot is formed with a magnetic isolation slot for reducing magnetic flux leakage. The sleeve is sleeved on the outer edges of the plurality of iron core attachments.

本申请实施例提供的转子铁芯，转子本体中的铁芯基体沿周向布置有多个铁芯附件，在铁芯基体和每个铁芯附件之间分别形成有第一转子槽，转子本体外加套筒用以加强转子本体的机械强度，实现转子高转速运行。在铁芯基体和铁芯附件之间无需设置比较厚的用于降低漏磁的磁桥，而通过隔磁槽去调整磁力线的走向以降低漏磁，无需考虑磁桥在转子高转速时磁桥容易断裂的风险。对常规电机和应用上述转子铁芯的内置式永磁电机进行比较，在采用相同转子外径、相同永磁体内置形式和尺寸下，本申请电机可达到更高的转速，实现更高的功率密度。采用上述转子铁芯的同步磁阻电机、永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机也可以实现更高转速运行，提升电机功率密度。In the rotor core provided by the embodiment of the present application, the iron core base in the rotor body is arranged with a plurality of iron core attachments along the circumferential direction, and first rotor slots are respectively formed between the iron core base and each iron core attachment, and the rotor body The external sleeve is used to strengthen the mechanical strength of the rotor body and realize the high-speed operation of the rotor. There is no need to set a relatively thick magnetic bridge for reducing magnetic flux leakage between the core base and the iron core accessories, but to adjust the direction of the magnetic force line through the magnetic isolation groove to reduce magnetic flux leakage, without considering the magnetic bridge when the rotor rotates at a high speed Risk of breaking easily. Comparing the conventional motor and the built-in permanent magnet motor using the above-mentioned rotor core, the motor of the present application can achieve higher speed and higher power density under the same rotor outer diameter and the same built-in permanent magnet form and size . Synchronous reluctance motors and permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motors using the above-mentioned rotor core can also achieve higher speed operation and increase the power density of the motor.

将电机应用在电动车的驱动电机，驱动电机的动力通过减速器传递至电动车的驱动轮，减速器起到降低转速、提升转矩的作用。对常规电机和本申请电机应用在电动车进行仿真试验，采用相同转子外径、相同永磁体内置形式和尺寸以及相同高转速，通过仿真分析得到：相比于常规电机，本申请电机中的转子铁芯轴向尺寸可以做得更小，即电机体积可以做得更小，而电机功率可以更高，从而实现功率密度提升。在电动车中的驱动电机和减速器装配空间一定的情况下，本申请电机体积做小后，减速器体积就可以做大，减速器就具有更大速比。本申请电机在配置更大速比的减速器后，就能实现驱动轮的轮边扭矩提升，使得电动车具有更好的动力性能。The motor is applied to the driving motor of the electric vehicle, and the power of the driving motor is transmitted to the driving wheel of the electric vehicle through the reducer, and the reducer plays the role of reducing the speed and increasing the torque. The conventional motor and the motor of this application are used in electric vehicles for simulation tests, using the same outer diameter of the rotor, the same built-in form and size of permanent magnets, and the same high speed. Through simulation analysis, it is obtained: Compared with the conventional motor, the rotor of the motor of this application The axial size of the iron core can be made smaller, that is, the volume of the motor can be made smaller, and the power of the motor can be higher, thereby achieving an increase in power density. In the case of a certain assembly space for the drive motor and the reducer in the electric vehicle, after the volume of the motor is reduced in the present application, the volume of the reducer can be enlarged, and the reducer has a larger speed ratio. After the electric motor of the present application is equipped with a reducer with a larger speed ratio, the wheel side torque of the driving wheel can be increased, so that the electric vehicle has better power performance.

结合第一方面，在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，转子本体中的铁芯基体和多个铁芯附件为分离结构，转子本体上不设置磁桥，并不是如常规内置式永磁电机采用一个整体的转子铁芯冲片。这种铁芯基体和多个铁芯附件可以通过套筒固定在一起，提升整体结构强度，使转子可承受更高转速。In combination with the first aspect, in the first possible implementation of the first aspect, the iron core base and multiple iron core accessories in the rotor body are separated structures, and the rotor body is not provided with a magnetic bridge, which is not a conventional built-in Permanent magnet motors use an integral rotor core punch. The iron core base and multiple iron core accessories can be fixed together through the sleeve, which improves the overall structural strength and enables the rotor to withstand higher rotational speeds.

结合第一方面，在第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，第一转子槽内设有磁桥，磁桥用于连接铁芯基体和铁芯附件，磁桥的厚度小于或等于1mm。本实施例设置磁桥厚度极小，只用于在加工转子本体时连接铁芯基体和铁芯附件，以便在冲压成型后对转子本体工件的取放和装配操作。本实施例的转子转动时，该磁桥有可能发生断裂，由于转子外部的套筒结构，转子整体强度不会受到影响。In combination with the first aspect, in the second possible implementation of the first aspect, a magnetic bridge is provided in the first rotor slot, the magnetic bridge is used to connect the iron core base and the iron core accessories, and the thickness of the magnetic bridge is less than or equal to 1mm . In this embodiment, the thickness of the magnetic bridge is extremely small, and it is only used to connect the iron core base and the iron core accessories when processing the rotor body, so as to facilitate the pick-and-place and assembly operations of the rotor body workpiece after stamping and forming. When the rotor in this embodiment rotates, the magnetic bridge may break, but the overall strength of the rotor will not be affected due to the sleeve structure outside the rotor.

结合第一方面至第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式中任一项，在第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，转子本体呈片状，转子本体的数量为多个，多个转子本体层叠设置，不同转子本体中的铁芯附件层叠设置。多个层叠的转子本体容易成型和装配。In combination with any one of the first aspect to the second possible implementation of the first aspect, in the third possible implementation of the first aspect, the rotor body is in the shape of a sheet, and the number of the rotor bodies is multiple. The rotor bodies are arranged in layers, and the iron core accessories in different rotor bodies are arranged in layers. Multiple laminated rotor bodies are easy to form and assemble.

结合第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，层叠设置的多个铁芯附件通过紧固件连接，紧固件穿过于不同转子本体上同一个位置的多个铁芯附件的定位孔。紧固件可以包括长螺栓和螺母，将长螺栓穿过多个铁芯附件的定位孔，并采用螺母螺接在长螺栓的末端，将同一轴向上的铁芯附件固定在一起，该装配方式容易操作，连接可靠，可提高转子强度。In combination with the third possible implementation of the first aspect, in the fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, the multiple iron core accessories stacked are connected by fasteners, and the fasteners pass through different rotor bodies Locating holes for multiple core attachments at the same location. Fasteners can include long bolts and nuts, the long bolts pass through the positioning holes of multiple iron core accessories, and nuts are used to screw the ends of the long bolts to fix the iron core accessories on the same axis together. The method is easy to operate, the connection is reliable, and the strength of the rotor can be improved.

结合第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，层叠设置的多个铁芯附件通过注塑件连接，注塑件填充于不同转子本体上同一个位置的多个铁芯附件的第一转子槽。将多个转子本体组装好，向多个层叠铁芯附件的第一转子槽部分区域填充热塑料，在降温后形成注塑件，将多个铁芯附件可靠地连接在一起。In combination with the third possible implementation of the first aspect, in the fifth possible implementation of the first aspect, the multiple iron core accessories stacked are connected by injection molded parts, and the injection molded parts are filled in the same rotor body on different rotor bodies. Position the multiple core attachments in the first rotor slot. After assembling a plurality of rotor bodies, filling the first rotor groove part area of the plurality of laminated iron core attachments with thermoplastic, forming an injection molded part after cooling down, and reliably connecting the plurality of iron core attachments together.

结合第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，层叠设置的多个铁芯附件通过扣片连接，扣片扣接于不同转子本体上同一个位置的多个铁芯附件的扣接槽。将扣片设于对齐后的多个铁芯附件的扣接槽，即可将多个铁芯附件固定在一起。In combination with the third possible implementation of the first aspect, in the sixth possible implementation of the first aspect, the multiple iron core accessories stacked are connected through buckles, and the buckles are buckled on different rotor bodies at the same time. Snap-in slots for multiple core attachments in one location. A plurality of iron core accessories can be fixed together by setting the buckle piece in the buckle groove of the aligned plurality of iron core accessories.

结合第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式至第六种可能的实现方式中任一项，在第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式中，铁芯附件的定位孔的位置由铁芯附件的对称轴绕着转子本体的中心偏移预定角度确定，相邻两个转子本体正反相叠，以使相叠设置的两个铁芯附件的定位孔共线设置。通过复用同一种片状转子本体，使相邻两个转子本体正反叠，在每个转子本体的转子槽分别设置永磁体，在转子轴向相邻两个永磁体没有完全重合而是错开一定角度，能够实现转子斜极效果，降低电机转矩波动，改善电机在运行过程中对外表现出的噪声、振动与声振粗糙度性能。In combination with any one of the third possible implementation manner to the sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the position of the positioning hole of the iron core attachment is determined by the iron core The axis of symmetry of the attachment is determined by offsetting a predetermined angle around the center of the rotor body, and two adjacent rotor bodies are stacked front and back, so that the positioning holes of the two stacked iron core attachments are collinearly arranged. By reusing the same sheet-shaped rotor body, two adjacent rotor bodies are stacked upside down, and permanent magnets are respectively arranged in the rotor slots of each rotor body. The two adjacent permanent magnets in the rotor axial direction are not completely overlapped but staggered. A certain angle can realize the oblique effect of the rotor, reduce the torque fluctuation of the motor, and improve the noise, vibration and roughness performance of the motor during operation.

结合第一方面至第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式中任一项，在第一方面的第八种可能的实现方式中，第一转子槽呈一字型，所有第一转子槽的中心延长线能够围成凸多边形。每个第一转子槽的中间位置用于安装永磁体，在第一转子槽的两端分别形成隔磁槽。In combination with any one of the first aspect to the seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first rotor slots are in-line, and all the first rotor slots The central extension line can enclose a convex polygon. A middle position of each first rotor slot is used for installing a permanent magnet, and magnetic isolation slots are respectively formed at both ends of the first rotor slot.

结合第一方面至第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式中任一项，在第一方面的第九种可能的实现方式中，第一转子槽呈V字型，第一转子槽的内凹侧背向转子本体的中心设置。第一转子槽包括呈V字排布的两段第一子槽，每个第一子槽的中间位置用于安装永磁体，在第一转子槽的两端以及两段第一子槽相靠近位置分别形成隔磁槽。With reference to any one of the first aspect to the seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the ninth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first rotor slot is V-shaped, and the inside of the first rotor slot The concave side is located away from the center of the rotor body. The first rotor slot includes two first sub-slots arranged in a V shape, the middle of each first sub-slot is used to install permanent magnets, and the two ends of the first rotor slot and the two first sub-slots are close The positions respectively form magnetic isolation grooves.

结合第一方面至第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式中任一项，在第一方面的第十种可能的实现方式中，第一转子槽呈V字型，第一转子槽的内凹侧背向转子本体的中心设置；铁芯附件具有呈一字型的第二转子槽，所有第二转子槽的中心延长线能够围成凸多边形。在铁芯附件上增加了一字型的第二转子槽，第一转子槽作为内层槽而第二转子槽作为外层槽。With reference to any one of the first aspect to the seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the tenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first rotor slot is V-shaped, and the inner portion of the first rotor slot The concave side is arranged away from the center of the rotor body; the iron core attachment has a second rotor slot in a straight shape, and the central extension lines of all the second rotor slots can be surrounded by a convex polygon. A straight second rotor slot is added to the iron core attachment, the first rotor slot is used as an inner layer slot and the second rotor slot is used as an outer layer slot.

结合第一方面至第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式中任一项，在第一方面的第十一种可能的实现方式中，第一转子槽呈V字型，第一转子槽的内凹侧背向转子本体的中心设置；铁芯附件具有呈V字型的第二转子槽，第二转子槽的内凹侧背向转子本体的中心设置。在铁芯附件上增加了V字型的第二转子槽，第二转子槽包括呈V字排布的两段第二子槽，第一转子槽作为内层槽而第二转子槽作为外层槽。With reference to any one of the first aspect to the seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the eleventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first rotor slot is V-shaped, and the first rotor slot The inner concave side is set against the center of the rotor body; the iron core attachment has a second rotor slot in a V shape, and the inner concave side of the second rotor slot is set away from the center of the rotor body. A V-shaped second rotor slot is added to the iron core attachment. The second rotor slot includes two second sub-slots arranged in a V shape. The first rotor slot is used as the inner layer slot and the second rotor slot is used as the outer layer. groove.

以上四种转子槽实现方式适用于内置式永磁电机转子结构，第一转子槽均安装有永磁体，在第一转子槽的部分位置形成隔磁槽以降低漏磁，在转子铁芯上形成预定磁路。The above four rotor slot implementation methods are suitable for the rotor structure of the built-in permanent magnet motor. The first rotor slots are equipped with permanent magnets, and magnetic isolation slots are formed in part of the first rotor slots to reduce magnetic flux leakage. Formed on the rotor core Scheduled magnetic circuit.

结合第一方面至第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式中任一项，在第一方面的第十二种可能的实现方式中，第一转子槽呈由多个直线段组成的U字型，第一转子槽的内凹侧背向转子本体的中心设置。With reference to any one of the first aspect to the seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the twelfth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first rotor slot is in the shape of a U shape composed of multiple straight segments type, the concave side of the first rotor slot is set away from the center of the rotor body.

结合第一方面至第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式中任一项，在第一方面的第十三种可能的实现方式中，第一转子槽呈由多个直线段组成的U字型，第一转子槽的内凹侧背向转子本体的中心设置；铁芯附件具有第二转子槽，第二转子槽呈由多个直线段组成的U字型，第二转子槽的内凹侧背向转子本体的中心设置。在铁芯附件上增加一个或多个第二转子槽，第一转子槽作为内层槽而第二转子槽作为外层槽。With reference to any one of the first aspect to the seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the thirteenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first rotor slot is in the shape of a U shape composed of multiple straight segments type, the concave side of the first rotor slot is set against the center of the rotor body; the iron core attachment has a second rotor slot, the second rotor slot is U-shaped composed of multiple straight segments, and the concave side of the second rotor slot The side faces away from the center of the rotor body. One or more second rotor slots are added to the iron core attachment, the first rotor slots are used as inner slots and the second rotor slots are used as outer slots.

结合第一方面至第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式中任一项，在第一方面的第十四种可能的实现方式中，第一转子槽呈弧形，第一转子槽的内凹侧背向转子本体的中心设置。With reference to any one of the first aspect to the seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the fourteenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first rotor slot is arc-shaped, and the inner portion of the first rotor slot The concave side is located away from the center of the rotor body.

结合第一方面至第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式中任一项，在第一方面的第十五种可能的实现方式中，第一转子槽呈弧形，第一转子槽的内凹侧背向转子本体的中心设置；铁芯附件具有呈弧形的第二转子槽，第二转子槽的内凹侧背向转子本体的中心设置。在铁芯附件上增加一个或多个第二转子槽，第一转子槽作为内层槽而第二转子槽作为外层槽。With reference to any one of the first aspect to the seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the fifteenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first rotor slot is arc-shaped, and the inner portion of the first rotor slot The concave side is set away from the center of the rotor body; the iron core attachment has an arc-shaped second rotor slot, and the concave side of the second rotor slot is set away from the center of the rotor body. One or more second rotor slots are added to the iron core attachment, the first rotor slots are used as inner slots and the second rotor slots are used as outer slots.

采用后四种转子铁芯的其中一种，在转子本体上设置转子槽(第一转子槽、第二转子槽)，转子槽内可以不设置永磁体，将转轴穿过并固定于转子铁芯，得到同步磁阻电机的转子，在转子铁芯上能形成预定磁路。One of the last four rotor cores is adopted, and rotor slots (the first rotor slot and the second rotor slot) are set on the rotor body. Permanent magnets may not be set in the rotor slots, and the rotating shaft passes through and is fixed to the rotor core. , the rotor of the synchronous reluctance motor is obtained, and a predetermined magnetic circuit can be formed on the rotor core.

采用后四种转子铁芯的其中一种，在转子本体上设置转子槽(第一转子槽、第二转子槽)并增加永磁体后，将转轴穿过并固定于转子铁芯，得到永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机的转子，在转子铁芯上能形成预定磁路。采用后四种转子铁芯的永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机中所采用的永磁体体积可以设置得更小，磁阻回路更为明显，从而提升转子磁阻转矩分量。One of the last four rotor cores is used. After setting rotor slots (first rotor slot and second rotor slot) on the rotor body and adding permanent magnets, the rotating shaft is passed through and fixed to the rotor core to obtain permanent magnets. The rotor of the auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor can form a predetermined magnetic circuit on the rotor core. The volume of the permanent magnet used in the permanent magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance motor with the latter four rotor cores can be set smaller, and the reluctance circuit is more obvious, thereby increasing the rotor reluctance torque component.

结合第一方面至第一方面的第十五种可能的实现方式中任一项，在第一方面的第十六种可能的实现方式中，套筒为碳纤维套筒、钢套筒或者合金钢套筒。通过在转子本体外套设套筒，提升转子结构的机械强度，使转子能在高转速下可靠运行。In combination with any one of the first aspect to the fifteenth possible implementation of the first aspect, in the sixteenth possible implementation of the first aspect, the sleeve is a carbon fiber sleeve, a steel sleeve or an alloy steel sleeve sleeve. By arranging the sleeve outside the rotor body, the mechanical strength of the rotor structure is improved, so that the rotor can operate reliably at high speeds.

结合第一方面至第一方面的第十六种可能的实现方式中任一项，在第一方面的第十七种可能的实现方式中，铁芯基体为无取向硅钢件，铁芯附件为取向硅钢件，铁芯附件的磁化取向为由铁芯附件的内边缘至外边缘的方向。在采用取向硅钢制作的铁芯附件后，有效降低铁芯附件区域的漏磁，从而提升电磁性能。在相同交变电磁场下，铁芯附件所产生的损耗会下降。或，铁芯基体和铁芯附件均为无取向硅钢件，也是可行的。In combination with any one of the first aspect to the sixteenth possible implementation of the first aspect, in the seventeenth possible implementation of the first aspect, the iron core base is a non-oriented silicon steel piece, and the iron core attachment is For oriented silicon steel parts, the magnetization orientation of the iron core attachment is from the inner edge to the outer edge of the iron core attachment. After the iron core attachment made of oriented silicon steel is used, the magnetic flux leakage in the iron core attachment area is effectively reduced, thereby improving the electromagnetic performance. Under the same alternating electromagnetic field, the loss generated by the iron core attachment will decrease. Or, it is also feasible that both the iron core base and the iron core accessories are non-oriented silicon steel parts.

结合第一方面至第一方面的第十七种可能的实现方式中任一项，在第一方面的第十八种可能的实现方式中，铁芯基体的外周具有沿铁芯基体的周向分布的多个安装位，多个铁芯附件一一对应地设于多个安装位，铁芯基体在相邻两个安装位之间形成外凸部，外凸部用于和套筒的内壁抵接。在装配套筒时，套筒的内壁抵设于各个铁芯附件的外边缘和铁芯基体的各个外凸部，将铁芯基体和各个铁芯附件可靠地固定在一起。With reference to any one of the first aspect to the seventeenth possible implementation of the first aspect, in the eighteenth possible implementation of the first aspect, the outer circumference of the iron core base has Multiple installation locations are distributed, and multiple iron core accessories are arranged in multiple installation locations one by one. The core base forms an outer convex part between two adjacent installation locations, and the outer convex part is used to connect with the inner wall of the sleeve. Abut. When the sleeve is assembled, the inner wall of the sleeve abuts against the outer edge of each iron core attachment and each convex portion of the iron core base to securely fix the iron core base and each iron core attachment.

结合第一方面至第一方面的第十七种可能的实现方式中任一项，在第一方面的第十九种可能的实现方式中，芯基体的外周具有沿铁芯基体的周向分布的多个安装位，多个铁芯附件一一对应地设于多个安装位，铁芯基体在相邻两个安装位之间形成第一表面，第一表面和套筒的内壁间隔设置，安装位能够适配多种不同外径的铁芯附件。该铁芯基体的安装位可在一定范围内兼容不同圆弧外径的铁芯附件，实现转子外径可调，以适配不同规格的电机，实现平台化设计，降低生产成本。With reference to any one of the first aspect to the seventeenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the nineteenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the outer circumference of the core base has a distribution along the circumferential direction of the iron core base A plurality of installation positions, a plurality of iron core accessories are arranged in a plurality of installation positions one by one, the iron core base forms a first surface between two adjacent installation positions, the first surface and the inner wall of the sleeve are arranged at intervals, The mounting position can be adapted to a variety of core accessories with different outer diameters. The installation position of the iron core base can be compatible with iron core accessories with different arc outer diameters within a certain range, and the outer diameter of the rotor can be adjusted to adapt to motors of different specifications, realizing platform design and reducing production costs.

第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种转子，包括转轴、永磁体和如第一方面至第一方面的第十九种可能的实现方式中所描述的转子铁芯，转轴穿过并固定于转子铁芯，永磁体安装于转子铁芯内。In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a rotor, including a rotating shaft, a permanent magnet, and the rotor core as described in the nineteenth possible implementation manners from the first aspect to the first aspect, and the rotating shaft passes through and is fixed on The rotor core, the permanent magnet is installed in the rotor core.

第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种转子，包括转轴和如第一方面的第十二种可能的实现方式至第十五种可能的实现方式中所描述的转子铁芯，转轴穿过并固定于转子铁芯。In a third aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a rotor, including a rotating shaft and the rotor core as described in the twelfth possible implementation manner to the fifteenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the rotating shaft passes through and fixed to the rotor core.

第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种电机，包括定子和如第二方面或第三方面所描述的转子，定子套设于套筒的外周，定子和转子之间形成有气隙。电机可以是内置式永磁电机、同步磁阻电机或者永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机。In a fourth aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a motor, including a stator and a rotor as described in the second aspect or the third aspect, the stator is sleeved on the outer periphery of the sleeve, and an air gap is formed between the stator and the rotor. The motor may be an interior permanent magnet motor, a synchronous reluctance motor or a permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor.

第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种电机驱动***，包括控制器和如第四方面所描述的电机，控制器和电机电连接。控制器用于调节电机的输出转矩，以实现电机的怠速、加速、能量回收等功能。In a fifth aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a motor drive system, including a controller and the motor as described in the fourth aspect, and the controller and the motor are electrically connected. The controller is used to adjust the output torque of the motor to realize functions such as motor idling, acceleration, and energy recovery.

第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种电动车，包括如第五方面所描述的电机驱动***。电动车可以为电动汽车、地铁列车、高速动车组等等。In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electric vehicle, including the motor drive system as described in the fifth aspect. The electric vehicle can be an electric vehicle, a subway train, a high-speed EMU or the like.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为常规技术中的双V型转子的局部结构图；Fig. 1 is the partial structural diagram of double V-type rotor in conventional technology;

图2为本申请实施例提供的转子的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the rotor provided by the embodiment of the present application;

图3为图2的转子的分解示意图；Fig. 3 is an exploded schematic diagram of the rotor of Fig. 2;

图4为本申请另一实施例提供的转子的结构示意图；Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor provided by another embodiment of the present application;

图5中的(a)、(b)分别为作为第一对比例的转子的立体装配图和沿A-A线剖视图；(a) and (b) in Fig. 5 are respectively the three-dimensional assembly drawing and the sectional view along the A-A line of the rotor as the first comparative example;

图6为作为第二对比例的转子的结构示意图；Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the rotor as the second comparative example;

图7为作为第三对比例的转子的结构示意图；Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the rotor as the third comparative example;

图8为作为第四对比例的转子的结构示意图；Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a rotor as a fourth comparative example;

图9中的(a)、(b)、(c)分别为本申请不同实施例提供的转子在设置磁桥时的局部结构示意图；(a), (b) and (c) in Fig. 9 are respectively the partial structural schematic diagrams of the rotor provided by different embodiments of the present application when the magnetic bridge is provided;

图10为本申请另一实施例提供的转子的立体装配图；Fig. 10 is a three-dimensional assembly view of a rotor provided by another embodiment of the present application;

图11为图10的转子的立体分解图；Fig. 11 is a three-dimensional exploded view of the rotor of Fig. 10;

图12为图10的沿B-B线的剖视图；Fig. 12 is a sectional view along the B-B line of Fig. 10;

图13为本申请另一实施例提供的转子的立体装配图；Fig. 13 is a three-dimensional assembly view of a rotor provided by another embodiment of the present application;

图14为本申请另一实施例提供的转子的结构示意图；Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor provided by another embodiment of the present application;

图15为图14的转子的分解示意图；Fig. 15 is an exploded schematic diagram of the rotor of Fig. 14;

图16为本申请另一实施例提供的转子的结构示意图；Fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor provided by another embodiment of the present application;

图17中的(a)至(e)分别为本申请不同实施例提供的转子的局部结构示意图；(a) to (e) in FIG. 17 are partial structural schematic diagrams of rotors provided by different embodiments of the present application;

图18为本申请另一实施例提供的转子在铁芯附件为取向硅钢件时的结构示意图；Fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of the rotor provided by another embodiment of the present application when the iron core attachment is oriented silicon steel;

图19中的(a)、(b)分别为本申请另一实施例提供的转子在去除外凸部前后的结构示意图；(a) and (b) in FIG. 19 are structural schematic diagrams of the rotor provided by another embodiment of the present application before and after removing the convex part;

图20为本申请另一实施例提供的转子的结构示意图；Fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor provided by another embodiment of the present application;

图21为图20的转子在正反相叠时的结构示意图。FIG. 21 is a schematic structural view of the rotors in FIG. 20 stacked in front and back.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

相比于异步电机，永磁电机以永磁体提供励磁，无需励磁电流，没有励磁损耗，可提高电机的效率和功率密度。永磁电机可用作电动车的驱动电机。永磁电机包括定子和转子。定子由叠片叠压而成，可减少电机运行时的铁耗。定子安装有三相交流绕组，用于产生定子旋转磁场。转子可以做成实心或者由叠片叠压而成，转子上装有永磁体，永磁体用于产生转子磁场。Compared with asynchronous motors, permanent magnet motors provide excitation with permanent magnets, without excitation current and without excitation loss, which can improve the efficiency and power density of the motor. Permanent magnet motors can be used as drive motors for electric vehicles. A permanent magnet motor consists of a stator and a rotor. The stator is made of stacked laminations, which can reduce the iron loss when the motor is running. The stator is equipped with three-phase AC windings for generating the stator rotating magnetic field. The rotor can be made solid or laminated with laminations. The rotor is equipped with permanent magnets, which are used to generate the rotor magnetic field.

根据电机转子上永磁体所处位置的不同，永磁电机分为表贴式永磁电机(surface-mounted permanent magnet machine,SPM)和内置式永磁电机(inserted permanent magnet machine,IPM)。在表贴式永磁电机中，永磁体贴在转子铁芯的表面。参阅图1，在内置式永磁电机中，永磁体1嵌入转子铁芯2内部，转子铁芯2具有用于安装永磁体1的转子槽2a。永磁体1的内置形式可以分为一字形、单V、双V、V+一等等。图1展示了常规双V型转子的结构。相比于表贴式永磁电机，内置式永磁电机的转子磁路不对称，在运行中会产生磁阻转矩，可提高电机的功率密度和过载能力，更易于实现弱磁扩速。永磁电机作为电动机使用时，将三相电流通入定子的三相交流绕组，定子产生旋转磁场，转子磁场和定子旋转磁场相互作用，在转子上产生一个电磁转矩以推动转子旋转。According to the position of the permanent magnet on the motor rotor, the permanent magnet motor is divided into a surface-mounted permanent magnet machine (SPM) and an inserted permanent magnet machine (IPM). In surface mount permanent magnet motors, the permanent magnets are attached to the surface of the rotor core. Referring to FIG. 1 , in an interior permanent magnet motor, a permanent magnet 1 is embedded inside a rotor core 2 , and the rotor core 2 has a rotor slot 2 a for installing the permanent magnet 1 . The built-in form of the permanent magnet 1 can be divided into inline shape, single V, double V, V+one and so on. Figure 1 shows the structure of a conventional double V-shaped rotor. Compared with the surface-mounted permanent magnet motor, the rotor magnetic circuit of the internal permanent magnet motor is asymmetrical, and reluctance torque will be generated during operation, which can improve the power density and overload capacity of the motor, and it is easier to realize the field weakening speed expansion. When the permanent magnet motor is used as a motor, the three-phase current is passed into the three-phase AC winding of the stator, the stator generates a rotating magnetic field, the rotor magnetic field and the stator rotating magnetic field interact, and an electromagnetic torque is generated on the rotor to drive the rotor to rotate.

在常规电机的转子铁芯上，转子铁芯2的相邻两个转子槽2a之间或转子槽2a和转子铁芯2的外周面之间会设置磁桥2b，长条形的磁桥2b用于供磁力线通过，在磁桥2b的磁力线达到饱和时起到减少漏磁的作用。磁桥2b的厚度越小，磁桥2b的磁力线越饱和，减少漏磁效果越好。磁桥2b的长度方向X和厚度方向Y都在转子铁芯2的平面上，两者相垂直。磁桥2b需要满足一定的厚度，以克服在转子高转速旋转时离心力对磁桥2b的疲劳断裂破坏。On the rotor core of a conventional motor, a magnetic bridge 2b is provided between two adjacent rotor slots 2a of the rotor core 2 or between the rotor slot 2a and the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 2, and the elongated magnetic bridge 2b is used It is used for the passage of the magnetic force lines, and plays a role in reducing magnetic flux leakage when the magnetic force lines of the magnetic bridge 2b reach saturation. The smaller the thickness of the magnetic bridge 2b is, the more saturated the magnetic field lines of the magnetic bridge 2b are, and the better the effect of reducing magnetic flux leakage is. Both the length direction X and the thickness direction Y of the magnetic bridge 2b are on the plane of the rotor core 2, and they are perpendicular to each other. The magnetic bridge 2b needs to meet a certain thickness, so as to overcome the fatigue fracture damage of the magnetic bridge 2b caused by the centrifugal force when the rotor rotates at a high speed.

在电机设计中，通常希望功率密度越高越好，功率密度是电机输出功率与电机导电导磁材料体积的比值，电机输出功率是转速与转矩的乘积，因此提升电机转矩密度和转速可以提升电机功率密度。在一定的材料、工艺水平下，常规电机的转矩密度是一定的，即电机体积或外径越大，转矩就越大。为了追求更高的电机功率密度，就要依赖更高的电机转速。目前，用于电动车的驱动电机转速达到16000rpm以上，在一些对装配空间很严格的场合，需要将电机体积做得更小，在保持电机功率不变的情况下，就要进一步提升电机转速，达到20000rpm以上。In motor design, the higher the power density, the better. The power density is the ratio of the motor output power to the volume of the motor’s conductive and magnetic material. The motor output power is the product of the speed and torque. Therefore, increasing the torque density and speed of the motor can Improve motor power density. Under a certain material and process level, the torque density of conventional motors is certain, that is, the larger the volume or outer diameter of the motor, the greater the torque. In order to pursue higher motor power density, it is necessary to rely on higher motor speed. At present, the speed of the driving motor used for electric vehicles reaches above 16000rpm. In some occasions where the assembly space is very strict, the volume of the motor needs to be made smaller. In the case of keeping the power of the motor unchanged, the motor speed must be further increased. Reach above 20000rpm.

常规电机采用大外径结构在高转速下，转子应力会超过材料屈服强度，这就限制了电机转速或功率进一步提高。示例性的，在常规电机中，转子采用硅钢片叠压而成，硅钢片材料屈服强度约为450MPa，在高温下会更低，电机转速在20000rpm以上后，考虑转速安全余量，外径130mm的转子薄弱位置(即磁桥)应力通常超过460MPa，磁桥容易发生疲劳断裂。为了进一步提升转速，通过减小转子外径，可使转子薄弱位置应力在材料屈服强度以下，电机转矩会减小。因此，常规电机难以兼顾电机高转速和高转矩。Conventional motors adopt a large outer diameter structure. At high speeds, the stress of the rotor will exceed the yield strength of the material, which limits the further increase in the speed or power of the motor. Exemplarily, in a conventional motor, the rotor is made of laminated silicon steel sheets. The yield strength of the silicon steel sheet material is about 450MPa, which will be lower at high temperatures. After the motor speed is above 20,000rpm, considering the safety margin of the speed, the outer diameter is 130mm The stress at the weak position of the rotor (that is, the magnetic bridge) usually exceeds 460MPa, and the magnetic bridge is prone to fatigue fracture. In order to further increase the speed, by reducing the outer diameter of the rotor, the stress at the weak position of the rotor can be lower than the yield strength of the material, and the motor torque will be reduced. Therefore, it is difficult for conventional motors to take into account the high rotational speed and high torque of the motor.

图2为本申请实施例提供的转子的结构示意图；图3为图2的转子的分解示意图；图4为本申请另一实施例提供的转子的结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor provided by an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 3 is a schematic exploded view of the rotor of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor provided by another embodiment of the present application.

参阅图2至图4，本申请实施例提供一种转子铁芯100，其包括转子本体110和套筒120。转子本体110包括铁芯基体111和多个铁芯附件112，铁芯基体111用于和转轴(图未示)连接，多个铁芯附件112沿铁芯基体111的周向分布，铁芯附件112作为不直接连接转轴的部分。铁芯基体111和每个铁芯附件112之间分别形成有第一转子槽113，每个第一转子槽113的至少一部分形成有用于降低漏磁的隔磁槽1131。套筒120套设于多个铁芯附件112的外边缘112b。Referring to FIGS. 2 to 4 , the embodiment of the present application provides a rotor core 100 , which includes a rotor body 110 and a sleeve 120 . The rotor body 110 includes an iron core base 111 and a plurality of iron core attachments 112. The iron core base 111 is used to connect with a rotating shaft (not shown in the figure). The plurality of iron core attachments 112 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the iron core base 111. The iron core attachments 112 as a part not directly connected to the rotating shaft. A first rotor slot 113 is respectively formed between the iron core base 111 and each iron core attachment 112 , and at least a part of each first rotor slot 113 is formed with a magnetic isolation slot 1131 for reducing magnetic flux leakage. The sleeve 120 is sleeved on the outer edges 112b of the plurality of iron core attachments 112 .

其中，铁芯附件112的外边缘112b是指铁芯附件112远离转子本体110的最外边缘。转子本体110中的铁芯基体111和多个铁芯附件112可以分别做成实心的。或者，多个转子本体110层叠设置，每个转子本体110均包括呈片状的铁芯基体111和多个呈片状的铁芯附件112，在多个转子本体110装配好以后，多个铁芯基体111依次层叠设置，在铁芯基体111不同周向位置依次层叠有多个铁芯附件112。Wherein, the outer edge 112 b of the iron core attachment 112 refers to the outermost edge of the iron core attachment 112 away from the rotor body 110 . The iron core base 111 and the plurality of iron core attachments 112 in the rotor body 110 can be made solid respectively. Alternatively, a plurality of rotor bodies 110 are stacked, and each rotor body 110 includes a sheet-shaped iron core base 111 and a plurality of sheet-shaped iron core accessories 112. After the plurality of rotor bodies 110 are assembled, the plurality of iron cores The core bases 111 are stacked in sequence, and a plurality of core accessories 112 are stacked in sequence at different circumferential positions of the core bases 111 .

本申请实施例提供的转子铁芯100，转子本体110中的铁芯基体111沿周向布置有多个铁芯附件112，在铁芯基体111和每个铁芯附件112之间分别形成有第一转子槽113，转子本体110外加套筒120用以加强转子本体110的机械强度，实现转子高转速运行。在铁芯基体111和铁芯附件112之间无需设置比较厚的用于降低漏磁的磁桥，而通过隔磁槽1131去调整磁力线的走向以降低漏磁，无需考虑磁桥在转子高转速时磁桥容易断裂的风险。对常规电机和应用上述转子铁芯100的内置式永磁电机进行比较，在采用相同转子外径、相同永磁体内置形式和尺寸下，本申请电机可达到更高的转速，实现更高的功率密度。采用上述转子铁芯100的同步磁阻电机、永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机也可以实现更高转速运行，提升电机功率密度。In the rotor core 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application, the core base 111 in the rotor body 110 is provided with a plurality of core attachments 112 along the circumferential direction, and a second core attachment 112 is formed between the core base 111 and each core attachment 112. A rotor slot 113 , the rotor body 110 plus a sleeve 120 is used to strengthen the mechanical strength of the rotor body 110 and realize the high speed operation of the rotor. Between the iron core base 111 and the iron core attachment 112, there is no need to set a relatively thick magnetic bridge to reduce magnetic flux leakage, but to adjust the direction of the magnetic force line through the magnetic isolation groove 1131 to reduce magnetic flux leakage, without considering the magnetic bridge at high rotor speeds. There is a risk of the magnetic bridge being easily broken. Comparing the conventional motor with the built-in permanent magnet motor using the above-mentioned rotor core 100, under the same outer diameter of the rotor and the same built-in form and size of the permanent magnet, the motor of the present application can achieve higher speed and higher power density. The synchronous reluctance motor and the permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor using the rotor core 100 can also achieve higher speed operation and increase the power density of the motor.

示例性的，常规电机和本申请电机中，转子铁芯100均采用硅钢片叠压而成，转子外径均为130mm。在满足转子机械强度下，常规电机中的转子转速只能达到18000rpm，当转子转速达到20000rpm以上时，转子中的磁桥应力会超过材料屈服强度而发生断裂破坏。本申请转子铁芯100中，在满足转子铁芯100机械强度下，转子的转速可达到25000rpm以上，可见采用本申请转子铁芯100的电机可达到更高的转速，实现更高的功率密度。Exemplarily, in the conventional motor and the motor of the present application, the rotor core 100 is made of laminated silicon steel sheets, and the outer diameter of the rotor is 130mm. When the mechanical strength of the rotor is satisfied, the rotor speed of the conventional motor can only reach 18,000 rpm. When the rotor speed reaches 20,000 rpm or more, the magnetic bridge stress in the rotor will exceed the yield strength of the material and fracture will occur. In the rotor core 100 of the present application, when the mechanical strength of the rotor core 100 is satisfied, the rotational speed of the rotor can reach more than 25,000 rpm. It can be seen that the motor using the rotor core 100 of the present application can achieve a higher rotational speed and higher power density.

在采用相同转子外径、相同永磁体内置形式和尺寸下，相比于加厚磁桥实现转子较高转速的方式，本申请转子铁芯100通过套筒120去提升转子本体110的机械强度，可以将永磁体200进一步向气隙方向靠近，加强转子磁场和定子磁场之间的相互作用，从而提升电机性能或降低电机成本。Under the same outer diameter of the rotor and the same built-in form and size of the permanent magnet, compared with the way of thickening the magnetic bridge to achieve a higher speed of the rotor, the rotor core 100 of the present application uses the sleeve 120 to improve the mechanical strength of the rotor body 110, The permanent magnet 200 can be further approached toward the air gap to strengthen the interaction between the rotor magnetic field and the stator magnetic field, thereby improving the performance of the motor or reducing the cost of the motor.

对常规电机和应用本申请转子铁芯的电机进行仿真试验，采用相同转子外径、相同永磁体内置形式和尺寸以及相同高转速，通过仿真分析得到：相比于常规电机，应用本申请转子铁芯的电机的转矩和功率均比较高，能够兼顾电机高转速和高转矩。The simulation test was carried out on the conventional motor and the motor applying the rotor iron core of the application, using the same outer diameter of the rotor, the same built-in form and size of the permanent magnet, and the same high speed, and obtained through simulation analysis: Compared with the conventional motor, the rotor iron core of the application The torque and power of the core motor are relatively high, which can take into account the high speed and high torque of the motor.

将电机应用在电动车的驱动电机，驱动电机的动力通过减速器(比如齿轮减速器)传递至电动车的驱动轮，减速器起到降低转速、提升转矩的作用。对常规电机和本申请电机应用在电动车进行仿真试验，采用相同转子外径、相同永磁体内置形式和尺寸以及相同高转速，通过仿真分析得到：相比于常规电机，本申请电机中的转子铁芯轴向尺寸可以做得更小，即电机体积可以做得更小，而电机功率可以更高，从而实现功率密度提升。在电动车中的驱动电机和减速器装配空间一定的情况下，本申请电机体积做小后，减速器体积就可以做大，减速器就具有更大速比。本申请电机在配置更大速比的减速器后，就能实现驱动轮的轮边扭矩提升，使得电动车具有更好的动力性能。其中，驱动轮的轮边扭矩等于电机转矩和减速器速比的乘积。The motor is applied to the driving motor of the electric vehicle, and the power of the driving motor is transmitted to the driving wheel of the electric vehicle through a reducer (such as a gear reducer), and the reducer plays the role of reducing the speed and increasing the torque. The conventional motor and the motor of this application are used in electric vehicles for simulation tests, using the same outer diameter of the rotor, the same built-in form and size of permanent magnets, and the same high speed. Through simulation analysis, it is obtained: Compared with the conventional motor, the rotor of the motor of this application The axial size of the iron core can be made smaller, that is, the volume of the motor can be made smaller, and the power of the motor can be higher, thereby achieving an increase in power density. In the case of a certain assembly space for the drive motor and the reducer in the electric vehicle, after the volume of the motor is reduced in the present application, the volume of the reducer can be enlarged, and the reducer has a larger speed ratio. After the electric motor of the present application is equipped with a reducer with a larger speed ratio, the wheel side torque of the driving wheel can be increased, so that the electric vehicle has better power performance. Among them, the wheel side torque of the driving wheel is equal to the product of the motor torque and the speed ratio of the reducer.

图5中的(a)、(b)分别为作为第一对比例的转子的立体装配图和沿A-A线剖视图。(a) and (b) in FIG. 5 are a three-dimensional assembly view and a cross-sectional view along line A-A of the rotor of the first comparative example, respectively.

在作为第一对比例的转子中，参阅图5中的(a)、(b)，转子包括多个轴向布置的盘形永磁体11、套设于各个盘形永磁体11的外周的套筒12，以及多个沿套筒12的轴向延伸的连杆13，多个连杆13设置在套筒12的外壁或者设置在套筒12的内壁。多个连杆13和套筒12配合可以加强转子的强度，使得转子达到更高的工作转速。然而，第一对比例的转子只适用于小电机之中，不适用电动车驱动电机或其它大电机场景，原因是多个连杆13连接在套筒12上的结构不可靠，占用气隙的尺寸会增加，降低电磁性能。该转子采用整体盘形永磁体11，本质上属于表贴式永磁电机，表贴式永磁电机的高速弱磁扩速能力较弱，难以满足电动车或其它场景宽速度运行范围的需求。考察第一对比例转子的变形方式，将转子换为内置式永磁电机结构，难以解决内置式永磁电机在高转速下磁桥强度不足的问题。In the rotor of the first comparative example, referring to (a) and (b) in FIG. The sleeve 12 , and a plurality of connecting rods 13 extending along the axial direction of the sleeve 12 , the plurality of connecting rods 13 are arranged on the outer wall of the sleeve 12 or on the inner wall of the sleeve 12 . The cooperation between multiple connecting rods 13 and the sleeve 12 can strengthen the strength of the rotor, so that the rotor can reach a higher operating speed. However, the rotor of the first comparative example is only suitable for small motors, and is not suitable for electric vehicle drive motors or other large motor scenarios, because the structure in which multiple connecting rods 13 are connected to the sleeve 12 is unreliable and occupies the air gap. The size will increase, degrading the electromagnetic performance. The rotor adopts an integral disc-shaped permanent magnet 11, which is essentially a surface-mounted permanent magnet motor. The surface-mounted permanent magnet motor has a weak high-speed weak magnetic speed expansion capability, and it is difficult to meet the needs of electric vehicles or other scenarios with a wide speed range. Investigating the deformation mode of the rotor of the first comparative example, and replacing the rotor with an internal permanent magnet motor structure, it is difficult to solve the problem of insufficient magnetic bridge strength of the internal permanent magnet motor at high speeds.

相比于第一对比例的转子在套筒12上设置连杆13，参阅图2至图4，采用本申请转子铁芯100的转子通过套筒120套在转子本体110外，在结构上更可靠，占用气隙的尺寸较小，有利于提升电磁性能，使得采用本申请转子铁芯100的电机适用于大电机，适用电动车驱动电机或其它大电机场景。本申请的转子铁芯100适用于内置式永磁电机，具有较好的高速弱磁扩速能力，满足电动车或其它场景宽速度运行范围的需求。相比于第一对比例转子的变形方式，本申请转子铁芯100在转子本体110外加套筒120用以加强转子本体110的机械强度，实现转子高转速运行，无需考虑磁在转子高转速时磁桥容易断裂的风险。Compared with the rotor of the first comparative example, the connecting rod 13 is arranged on the sleeve 12, referring to Fig. 2 to Fig. 4, the rotor using the rotor core 100 of the present application is sleeved on the outside of the rotor body 110 through the sleeve 120, which is more structurally Reliable, the size of the occupied air gap is small, which is conducive to improving the electromagnetic performance, so that the motor using the rotor core 100 of the present application is suitable for large motors, electric vehicle drive motors or other large motor scenarios. The rotor core 100 of the present application is suitable for built-in permanent magnet motors, has better high-speed field-weakening speed expansion capability, and meets the needs of electric vehicles or other scenes with a wide speed range. Compared with the deformation method of the rotor in the first comparative example, the rotor core 100 of the present application adds a sleeve 120 to the rotor body 110 to strengthen the mechanical strength of the rotor body 110 and realize the high-speed operation of the rotor without considering the magnetic effect of the rotor at high speed. Risk of magnetic bridges breaking easily.

图6为作为第二对比例的转子的结构示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a rotor as a second comparative example.

在作为第二对比例的转子中，参阅图6，转子包括多个轴向布置的盘形永磁体21、穿过各个盘形永磁体21的转轴22、套设于各个盘形永磁体21的外周的钢套筒23，以及套设在钢套筒23的外周的碳纤维套筒24。以钢套筒23作为内层护套，以碳纤维套筒24作为外层护套，在转子旋转时离心力先由钢套筒23承担一部分，碳纤维套筒24的温度系数较小，碳纤维套筒24只要较小的过盈量就可以装配。钢套筒23温度系数大，容易通过热胀冷缩的原理进行装配。然而，第二对比例的转子采用了两种材质的套筒，增加了物料种类和材料成本；钢套筒23产生的涡流损耗较大，会降低电机效率；两个套筒120占用气隙的尺寸增加，降低电磁性能。考察第二对比例转子的变形方式，将转子换为内置式永磁电机结构，由于磁桥的存在难以解决内置式永磁电机在高转速下磁桥强度不足的问题。In the rotor as the second comparative example, referring to FIG. 6 , the rotor includes a plurality of disk-shaped permanent magnets 21 arranged axially, a rotating shaft 22 passing through each disk-shaped permanent magnet 21 , and a shaft sleeved on each disk-shaped permanent magnet 21. A steel sleeve 23 on the outer periphery, and a carbon fiber sleeve 24 sleeved on the outer periphery of the steel sleeve 23 . The steel sleeve 23 is used as the inner sheath, and the carbon fiber sleeve 24 is used as the outer sheath. When the rotor rotates, the centrifugal force is first borne by the steel sleeve 23. The temperature coefficient of the carbon fiber sleeve 24 is small, and the carbon fiber sleeve 24 As long as there is a small amount of interference, it can be assembled. The steel sleeve 23 has a large temperature coefficient and is easy to assemble through the principle of thermal expansion and cold contraction. However, the rotor of the second comparative example uses sleeves of two kinds of materials, which increases the type of material and material cost; the eddy current loss produced by the steel sleeve 23 is relatively large, which will reduce the efficiency of the motor; Increased size reduces electromagnetic performance. Investigate the deformation mode of the rotor of the second comparative example, and replace the rotor with the structure of the built-in permanent magnet motor. Due to the existence of the magnetic bridge, it is difficult to solve the problem of insufficient magnetic bridge strength of the built-in permanent magnet motor at high speed.

相比于第二对比例的转子采用两种套筒，参阅图2至图4，本申请的转子铁芯100采用一种套筒120即可，物料种类较少，材料成本较低；在转子本体110外套设单个套筒120，使套筒120占用气隙的尺寸较少，有利于提升电磁性能。相比于第二对比例转子的变形方式，本申请转子铁芯100在转子本体110外加套筒120用以加强转子本体110的机械强度，实现转子高转速运行，无需考虑磁桥在转子高转速时磁桥容易断裂的风险。Compared with the rotor of the second comparative example using two kinds of sleeves, referring to Fig. 2 to Fig. 4, the rotor core 100 of the present application can only use one kind of sleeve 120, and the material types are less, and the material cost is lower; A single sleeve 120 is disposed outside the body 110, so that the size of the air gap occupied by the sleeve 120 is small, which is beneficial to improve the electromagnetic performance. Compared with the deformation method of the rotor in the second comparative example, the rotor core 100 of the present application adds a sleeve 120 to the rotor body 110 to strengthen the mechanical strength of the rotor body 110 and realize the high-speed operation of the rotor without considering the magnetic bridge in the high-speed rotor. There is a risk of the magnetic bridge being easily broken.

图7为作为第三对比例的转子的结构示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a rotor as a third comparative example.

在作为第三对比例的转子中，参阅图7，转子包括铁芯基体31和多个沿铁芯基体31的周向分布的铁芯附件32，铁芯基体31由无取向硅钢叠片组成，铁芯附件32由取向硅钢叠片组成，每个铁芯附件32的两端卡设在铁芯基体31的外周卡槽31a，铁芯基体31和各个铁芯附件32之间分别设有永磁体33。该方案能降低转子漏磁，提升电机电磁性能。然而，第三对比例的转子没有采用套筒进行加强，不适用于高转速工作场景。铁芯基体31和铁芯附件32之间的卡接方式较为薄弱，适用的最高转速较低。In the rotor of the third comparative example, referring to FIG. 7, the rotor includes an iron core base 31 and a plurality of iron core accessories 32 distributed along the circumferential direction of the iron core base 31. The iron core base 31 is composed of non-oriented silicon steel laminations. The iron core attachment 32 is composed of oriented silicon steel laminations, and the two ends of each iron core attachment 32 are clamped in the outer peripheral slot 31a of the iron core base 31, and permanent magnets are respectively arranged between the iron core base 31 and each iron core attachment 32 33. This solution can reduce the rotor flux leakage and improve the electromagnetic performance of the motor. However, the rotor of the third comparative example is not reinforced with a sleeve and is not suitable for high-speed working scenarios. The clamping mode between the iron core base 31 and the iron core attachment 32 is relatively weak, and the applicable maximum rotational speed is relatively low.

相比于第三对比例的转子中的铁芯基体31和铁芯附件32之间采用卡接装配，参阅图2至图4，本申请转子铁芯100采用套筒120加固转子机械强度，适用于高转速工作场景，无需考虑磁桥在转子高转速时磁桥容易断裂的风险。Compared with the third comparative example in which the iron core base 31 and the iron core attachment 32 are snap-fitted, referring to Fig. 2 to Fig. 4, the rotor iron core 100 of the present application adopts the sleeve 120 to reinforce the mechanical strength of the rotor, which is suitable for For high-speed working scenarios, there is no need to consider the risk of the magnetic bridge being easily broken when the rotor rotates at a high speed.

图8为作为第四对比例的转子的结构示意图。FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a rotor as a fourth comparative example.

在作为第四对比例的转子中，参阅图8，转子包括转轴41和多个沿转轴41的周向分布的铁芯附件42，转轴41具有多个沿周向分布的锯齿结构41a，锯齿结构41a卡接在铁芯附件42的卡槽42a以使铁芯附件42装配在转轴41外周，锯齿结构41a可分散高转速旋转带来的应力。在相邻两个铁芯附件42之间安装永磁体43，形成轮辐式永磁电机。然而，第四对比例的转子采用切向励磁方式，所需转子尺寸较大，永磁体43用量较多，成本较高。采用锯齿结构41a进行转轴41和铁芯附件42的连接，可接受应力较低，第四对比例的可承受离心力大于第三对比例的可承受离心力，但不如常规不加套筒的内置式永磁电机可承受的最高转速。In the rotor as the fourth comparative example, referring to FIG. 8, the rotor includes a rotating shaft 41 and a plurality of iron core attachments 42 distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 41. The rotating shaft 41 has a plurality of sawtooth structures 41a distributed along the circumferential direction. The sawtooth structure 41 a is snapped into the slot 42 a of the iron core attachment 42 so that the iron core attachment 42 is assembled on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 41 , and the sawtooth structure 41 a can disperse stress caused by high-speed rotation. A permanent magnet 43 is installed between two adjacent iron core accessories 42 to form a spoke-type permanent magnet motor. However, the rotor of the fourth comparative example adopts a tangential excitation method, which requires a large size of the rotor, a large amount of permanent magnets 43 , and a high cost. The sawtooth structure 41a is used to connect the rotating shaft 41 and the iron core attachment 42, and the acceptable stress is low. The withstand centrifugal force of the fourth comparative example is greater than that of the third comparative example, but not as good as the conventional built-in permanent without sleeve. The maximum rotational speed that the magneto can withstand.

相比于第四对比例的转子采用切向励磁方式，参阅图2至图4，采用本申请转子铁芯100的转子在铁芯基体111和每个铁芯附件112之间分别形成有第一转子槽113，在第一转子槽113内设置永磁体200时永磁体200可采用多种内置形式，比如一字形、单V、双V、V+一等等。在同样电磁性能时所需转子尺寸较小，永磁体200的用量较少，成本较低。本申请转子铁芯100通过套筒120套在转子本体110外，可提升转子本体110的机械强度，使得转子可承受更高转速。Compared with the rotor of the fourth comparative example which adopts tangential excitation mode, referring to FIGS. The rotor slot 113, when the permanent magnet 200 is arranged in the first rotor slot 113, the permanent magnet 200 can adopt various built-in forms, such as inline, single V, double V, V+one and so on. With the same electromagnetic performance, the size of the rotor required is smaller, the amount of permanent magnets 200 is less, and the cost is lower. In the present application, the rotor core 100 is sleeved on the outside of the rotor body 110 through the sleeve 120 , which can improve the mechanical strength of the rotor body 110 so that the rotor can withstand a higher rotational speed.

在一些实施例中，参阅图2至图4，转子本体110中的铁芯基体111和多个铁芯附件112为分离结构，转子本体110上不设置磁桥，并不是如常规内置式永磁电机采用一个整体的转子铁芯冲片。这种铁芯基体111和多个铁芯附件112可以通过套筒120固定在一起，提升整体结构强度，使转子可承受更高转速。In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 , the iron core base 111 and the plurality of iron core attachments 112 in the rotor body 110 are separate structures, and the rotor body 110 is not provided with a magnetic bridge, which is not a conventional built-in permanent magnet. The motor adopts a whole rotor iron core punching. The iron core base 111 and the plurality of iron core accessories 112 can be fixed together through the sleeve 120 to improve the overall structural strength and allow the rotor to withstand higher rotational speeds.

图9中的(a)、(b)、(c)分别为本申请不同实施例提供的转子在设置磁桥时的局部结构示意图。(a), (b) and (c) in FIG. 9 are partial structural schematic diagrams of rotors provided by different embodiments of the present application when a magnetic bridge is provided.

在一些实施例中，参阅图9中的(a)、(b)、(c)，第一转子槽113内设有磁桥114，磁桥114用于连接铁芯基体111和铁芯附件112，磁桥114的厚度小于或等于1mm。磁桥114分为靠近转子外周面的外侧磁桥114a，以及位于相邻两个永磁体200间的中间磁桥114b。本实施例中可以设置外侧磁桥114a或中间磁桥114b，还可以设置两种磁桥114。相比于常规转子铁芯的磁桥，本实施例设置磁桥114厚度极小，只用于在加工转子本体110时连接铁芯基体111和铁芯附件112，以便在冲压成型后对转子本体110工件的取放和装配操作，该磁桥114并不是在转子转动时固定转子铁芯100和承担应力的结构。本实施例的转子转动时，该磁桥114有可能发生断裂，由于转子外部的套筒120结构，转子整体强度不会受到影响。In some embodiments, referring to (a), (b) and (c) in FIG. 9 , a magnetic bridge 114 is provided in the first rotor slot 113 , and the magnetic bridge 114 is used to connect the iron core base 111 and the iron core attachment 112 , the thickness of the magnetic bridge 114 is less than or equal to 1mm. The magnetic bridge 114 is divided into an outer magnetic bridge 114 a close to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor, and a middle magnetic bridge 114 b located between two adjacent permanent magnets 200 . In this embodiment, the outer magnetic bridge 114 a or the middle magnetic bridge 114 b can be provided, and two kinds of magnetic bridges 114 can also be provided. Compared with the magnetic bridge of the conventional rotor core, the thickness of the magnetic bridge 114 in this embodiment is extremely small, and it is only used to connect the iron core base 111 and the iron core attachment 112 when the rotor body 110 is processed, so that the rotor body can be fixed after stamping. 110 for pick-and-place and assembly operations of workpieces, the magnetic bridge 114 is not a structure that fixes the rotor core 100 and bears stress when the rotor rotates. When the rotor in this embodiment rotates, the magnetic bridge 114 may be broken, but due to the structure of the sleeve 120 outside the rotor, the overall strength of the rotor will not be affected.

在常规的内置式永磁电机中，转子的磁桥厚度都在1mm以上，且随着转子外径增大或转速提高要加厚磁桥。在转子转速16000rpm以上的场景中，考虑到模具精度及硅钢片可加工最小尺寸，本实施例中的磁桥114厚度小于或等于1mm。本实施例中的磁桥114厚度与转子外径和转子最高转速无关，磁桥114厚度大致设置为硅钢片厚度的两倍。比如采用0.3mm硅钢片，磁桥114厚度设置为0.6mm即可。In a conventional built-in permanent magnet motor, the thickness of the magnetic bridge of the rotor is more than 1 mm, and the magnetic bridge must be thickened as the outer diameter of the rotor increases or the speed increases. In the scenario where the rotor speed is above 16000 rpm, considering the precision of the mold and the minimum size of the silicon steel sheet that can be processed, the thickness of the magnetic bridge 114 in this embodiment is less than or equal to 1 mm. The thickness of the magnetic bridge 114 in this embodiment has nothing to do with the outer diameter of the rotor and the maximum rotational speed of the rotor, and the thickness of the magnetic bridge 114 is roughly set to twice the thickness of the silicon steel sheet. For example, if a 0.3 mm silicon steel sheet is used, the thickness of the magnetic bridge 114 can be set to 0.6 mm.

图10为本申请另一实施例提供的转子的立体装配图；图11为图10的转子的立体分解图；图12为图10的沿B-B线的剖视图；图13为本申请另一实施例提供的转子的立体装配图。Fig. 10 is a three-dimensional assembly view of the rotor provided by another embodiment of the present application; Fig. 11 is a three-dimensional exploded view of the rotor in Fig. 10; Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view along line B-B of Fig. 10; Fig. 13 is another embodiment of the present application A three-dimensional assembly drawing of the rotor is provided.

在设置转子本体110时，参阅图10至图12，转子本体110呈片状，转子本体110的数量为多个，多个转子本体110层叠设置，不同转子本体110中的铁芯附件112层叠设置。多个层叠的转子本体110容易成型和装配。在装配转子时，每个转子本体110外可以套设一个套筒120，也可以多个转子本体110外共用一个套筒120。When setting the rotor body 110, referring to Fig. 10 to Fig. 12, the rotor body 110 is sheet-shaped, the number of the rotor body 110 is multiple, the plurality of rotor bodies 110 are stacked, and the iron core accessories 112 in different rotor bodies 110 are stacked. . Multiple laminated rotor bodies 110 are easily formed and assembled. When assembling the rotor, one sleeve 120 may be sleeved on each rotor body 110 , or one sleeve 120 may be shared by multiple rotor bodies 110 .

在装配转子本体110时有不同的实现方式。第一种装配实现方式是：参阅图10 至图12，层叠设置的多个铁芯附件112通过紧固件130连接，结合图2，紧固件130穿过于不同转子本体110上同一个位置的多个铁芯附件112的定位孔1121。其中，紧固件130可以包括长螺栓131和螺母132，将长螺栓131穿过多个铁芯附件112的定位孔1121，并采用螺母132螺接在长螺栓131的末端，将同一轴向上的铁芯附件112固定在一起，该装配方式容易操作，连接可靠，可提高转子强度。在装配转子时，铁芯附件112的定位孔1121可作为片状铁芯附件112在安装时定位使用。层叠设置的转子本体110的两端均可以设置端板400，端板400设置和定位孔1121对应的孔位401，在装配时紧固件130穿过端板400的孔位401和多个铁芯附件112的定位孔1121后，将两个端板400和多个铁芯附件112固定在一起。There are different implementations when assembling the rotor body 110 . The first way of assembling is: referring to Fig. 10 to Fig. 12, a plurality of iron core accessories 112 arranged in layers are connected by fasteners 130, referring to Fig. 2, fasteners 130 pass through different rotor bodies 110 at the same position A plurality of positioning holes 1121 for the iron core attachment 112 . Wherein, the fastener 130 may include a long bolt 131 and a nut 132, the long bolt 131 passes through the positioning holes 1121 of a plurality of iron core accessories 112, and the nut 132 is used to screw the end of the long bolt 131, and the same axial direction The iron core accessories 112 are fixed together. This assembly method is easy to operate, reliable in connection, and can improve the strength of the rotor. When assembling the rotor, the positioning hole 1121 of the iron core attachment 112 can be used as the positioning of the sheet iron core attachment 112 during installation. Both ends of the stacked rotor body 110 can be provided with an end plate 400, the end plate 400 is provided with a hole 401 corresponding to the positioning hole 1121, and the fastener 130 passes through the hole 401 of the end plate 400 and a plurality of irons during assembly. Behind the positioning holes 1121 of the core attachments 112, the two end plates 400 and a plurality of iron core attachments 112 are fixed together.

第二种装配实现方式是：参阅图13，层叠设置的多个铁芯附件112通过注塑件(图未示)连接，结合图2，注塑件填充于不同转子本体110上同一个位置的多个铁芯附件112的第一转子槽113。在装配时，将多个转子本体110组装好，向多个层叠铁芯附件112的第一转子槽113部分区域填充热塑料，在降温后形成注塑件，将多个铁芯附件112可靠地连接在一起。铁芯附件112的定位孔1121作为片状铁芯附件112在安装时定位使用。层叠设置的转子本体110的两端均可以设置端板400，而端板400无需设置和定位孔对应的孔位。The second way of assembling is: referring to FIG. 13 , a plurality of iron core accessories 112 stacked in layers are connected by injection molded parts (not shown in the figure). Referring to FIG. The first rotor slot 113 of the core attachment 112 . When assembling, a plurality of rotor bodies 110 are assembled, and thermoplastic is filled into the first rotor groove 113 of the plurality of laminated iron core accessories 112, and an injection molded part is formed after cooling down, and the plurality of iron core accessories 112 are reliably connected. together. The positioning holes 1121 of the iron core attachment 112 are used for positioning the sheet iron core attachment 112 during installation. Both ends of the stacked rotor body 110 can be provided with end plates 400 , and the end plates 400 do not need to be provided with holes corresponding to the positioning holes.

第三种装配实现方式是：层叠设置的多个铁芯附件112通过扣片(图未示)连接，扣片扣接于不同转子本体110上同一个位置的多个铁芯附件112的扣接槽(图未示)。铁芯附件112的外边缘设有扣接槽。将扣片设于对齐后的多个铁芯附件112的扣接槽，即可将多个铁芯附件112固定在一起。The third way of assembling is: multiple iron core accessories 112 arranged in layers are connected by buckles (not shown in the figure), and the buckles are fastened to the fastening of multiple iron core accessories 112 at the same position on different rotor bodies 110 slot (not shown). The outer edge of the iron core attachment 112 is provided with a fastening groove. The plurality of iron core attachments 112 can be fixed together by disposing the buckle in the buckling slots of the aligned plurality of iron core attachments 112 .

在设置转子槽时有不同的实现方式。第一种转子槽实现方式是一字型：参阅图2、图3，第一转子槽113呈一字型，所有第一转子槽113的中心延长线能够围成凸多边形。每个第一转子槽113的中间位置用于安装永磁体200，在第一转子槽113的两端(即靠近转子本体110外周面的位置)分别形成隔磁槽1131。第一转子槽113的中心延长线是指第一转子槽113用于安装永磁体200的区域的中心延长线。示例性的，在图2中的转子本体110具有六个第一转子槽113，六个第一转子槽113用于安装永磁体200的区域的中心延长线围成六边形。There are different implementations when setting the rotor slots. The first implementation of the rotor slots is in-line: referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the first rotor slot 113 is in-line, and the central extension lines of all the first rotor slots 113 can be surrounded by a convex polygon. The middle position of each first rotor slot 113 is used for installing the permanent magnet 200 , and magnetic isolation slots 1131 are respectively formed at both ends of the first rotor slot 113 (ie positions close to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor body 110 ). The central extension line of the first rotor slot 113 refers to the central extension line of the area where the permanent magnet 200 is installed in the first rotor slot 113 . Exemplarily, the rotor body 110 in FIG. 2 has six first rotor slots 113 , and the central extension lines of the areas where the permanent magnets 200 are installed in the six first rotor slots 113 form a hexagon.

第二种转子槽实现方式是单V型：参阅图4，第一转子槽113呈V字型，第一转子槽113的内凹侧背向转子本体110的中心设置。第一转子槽113包括呈V字排布的两段第一子槽，每个第一子槽的中间位置用于安装永磁体200，在第一转子槽113的两端以及两段第一子槽相靠近位置分别形成隔磁槽1131。The second implementation of the rotor slot is single V-shaped: referring to FIG. 4 , the first rotor slot 113 is V-shaped, and the concave side of the first rotor slot 113 is set away from the center of the rotor body 110 . The first rotor slot 113 includes two first sub-slots arranged in a V shape. The middle position of each first sub-slot is used to install the permanent magnet 200. At both ends of the first rotor slot 113 and the two first sub-slots Magnetic isolation slots 1131 are formed at adjacent positions of the slots.

图14为本申请另一实施例提供的转子的结构示意图；图15为图14的转子的分解示意图。FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a rotor provided by another embodiment of the present application; FIG. 15 is an exploded schematic view of the rotor in FIG. 14 .

第三种转子槽实现方式是V+一型：参阅图14、图15，第一转子槽113呈V字型，第一转子槽113的内凹侧背向转子本体110的中心设置；铁芯附件112具有呈一字型的第二转子槽1122，所有第二转子槽1122的中心延长线能够围成凸多边形。这种方式是在第二种转子槽实现方式的基础上，在铁芯附件112上增加了一字型的第二转子槽1122，第一转子槽113作为内层槽而第二转子槽1122作为外层槽。第二转子槽1122的中间位置用于安装永磁体200a，在第二转子槽1122的两端分别形成隔磁槽1123。在横截面积上，第一转子槽113中的永磁体200a大于第二转子槽1122中的永磁体200b。The third implementation of the rotor slot is V+1 type: refer to Figure 14 and Figure 15, the first rotor slot 113 is V-shaped, and the concave side of the first rotor slot 113 is set away from the center of the rotor body 110; the iron core attachment 112 has an inline-shaped second rotor slot 1122, and the central extension lines of all the second rotor slots 1122 can enclose a convex polygon. This method is based on the second rotor slot implementation, adding a straight second rotor slot 1122 on the iron core attachment 112, the first rotor slot 113 as the inner layer slot and the second rotor slot 1122 as the Outer groove. The middle position of the second rotor slot 1122 is used for installing the permanent magnet 200a, and magnetic isolation slots 1123 are respectively formed at both ends of the second rotor slot 1122 . The permanent magnets 200 a in the first rotor slot 113 are larger than the permanent magnets 200 b in the second rotor slot 1122 in cross-sectional area.

图16为本申请另一实施例提供的转子的结构示意图。Fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor provided by another embodiment of the present application.

第四种转子槽实现方式是双V型：参阅图16，第一转子槽113呈V字型，第一转子槽113的内凹侧背向转子本体110的中心设置；铁芯附件112具有呈V字型的第二转子槽1122，第二转子槽1122的内凹侧背向转子本体110的中心设置。这种方式是在第二种转子槽实现方式的基础上，在铁芯附件112上增加了V字型的第二转子槽1122，第二转子槽1122包括呈V字排布的两段第二子槽，第一转子槽113作为内层槽而第二转子槽1122作为外层槽。每个第二子槽的中间位置用于安装永磁体200b，在第二转子槽1122的两端以及两段第二子槽相靠近位置分别形成隔磁槽。在横截面积上，第一转子槽113中的永磁体200a大于第二转子槽1122中的永磁体200b。The fourth implementation of the rotor slot is double V-shaped: referring to FIG. 16, the first rotor slot 113 is V-shaped, and the concave side of the first rotor slot 113 is set away from the center of the rotor body 110; the iron core attachment 112 has a The second rotor slot 1122 is V-shaped, and the concave side of the second rotor slot 1122 is disposed away from the center of the rotor body 110 . This method is based on the second rotor slot implementation, adding a V-shaped second rotor slot 1122 to the iron core attachment 112. The second rotor slot 1122 includes two sections of second For the sub-slots, the first rotor slot 113 serves as the inner slot and the second rotor slot 1122 serves as the outer slot. The middle position of each second sub-slot is used to install the permanent magnet 200b, and magnetic isolation slots are respectively formed at both ends of the second rotor slot 1122 and the positions where two sections of the second sub-slot are close. The permanent magnets 200 a in the first rotor slot 113 are larger than the permanent magnets 200 b in the second rotor slot 1122 in cross-sectional area.

以上四种转子槽实现方式适用于内置式永磁电机转子结构，第一转子槽113均安装有永磁体200，在第一转子槽113的部分位置形成隔磁槽1131以降低漏磁，在转子铁芯100上形成预定磁路。以上四种转子槽实现方式的转子铁芯100在安装永磁体200后，结合图10、图12，将转轴300穿过并固定于转子铁芯100，可得到内置式永磁电机转子。The above four rotor slot implementation methods are suitable for the rotor structure of the built-in permanent magnet motor. The first rotor slot 113 is equipped with a permanent magnet 200, and a magnetic isolation slot 1131 is formed in a part of the first rotor slot 113 to reduce magnetic flux leakage. A predetermined magnetic circuit is formed on the iron core 100 . After the permanent magnet 200 is installed on the rotor core 100 of the above four rotor slot implementation methods, referring to Fig. 10 and Fig. 12, the rotating shaft 300 is passed through and fixed on the rotor core 100, and the rotor of the built-in permanent magnet motor can be obtained.

以下四种转子槽实现方式适用于同步磁阻电机或永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机拓扑。同步磁阻电机是一种遵循磁阻最小路径闭合原理，通过转子在不同位置引起的磁阻变化产生磁阻转矩去驱动转子旋转的交流电机。同步磁阻电机中的转子槽没有设置永磁体，转子槽均作为隔磁槽。在同步磁阻电机的基础上，转子槽内放入永磁体后，称为永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机，该类电机与内置式永磁电机基于相同工作原理运行。The following four rotor slot implementations are suitable for SRM or PMASSM topologies. The synchronous reluctance motor is an AC motor that follows the principle of minimum reluctance path closure, and generates reluctance torque through the reluctance changes caused by the rotor at different positions to drive the rotor to rotate. The rotor slots in the synchronous reluctance motor are not provided with permanent magnets, and the rotor slots are used as magnetic isolation slots. On the basis of the synchronous reluctance motor, after the permanent magnet is placed in the rotor slot, it is called a permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor. This type of motor operates on the same working principle as the built-in permanent magnet motor.

图17中的(a)至(e)分别为本申请不同实施例提供的转子的局部结构示意图。(a) to (e) in FIG. 17 are partial structural schematic diagrams of rotors provided by different embodiments of the present application.

第五种转子槽实现方式是：参阅图17中的(a)、(b)，第一转子槽113呈由多个直线段组成的U字型，第一转子槽113的内凹侧背向转子本体110的中心设置。在第一转子槽113内设置永磁体200时，可以在中间直线段设置一个永磁体200，在第一转子槽113没有设置永磁体200的部分形成隔磁槽1131。或者，在两侧的直线段分别设置永磁体200，中间直线段不设置永磁体200，也是可行的。此外，永磁体200还可以采用其它排列组合设置在第一转子槽113内。The fifth way to realize the rotor slot is: referring to (a) and (b) in Figure 17, the first rotor slot 113 is U-shaped composed of a plurality of straight segments, and the concave side of the first rotor slot 113 faces away from the The center of the rotor body 110 is disposed. When the permanent magnet 200 is arranged in the first rotor slot 113 , one permanent magnet 200 may be arranged in the middle straight line section, and a magnetic isolation slot 1131 is formed in the part of the first rotor slot 113 where no permanent magnet 200 is arranged. Alternatively, it is also feasible to arrange the permanent magnets 200 on the straight sections on both sides, and not install the permanent magnets 200 on the middle straight section. In addition, the permanent magnets 200 may also be disposed in the first rotor slot 113 in other arrangements and combinations.

第六种转子槽实现方式是：参阅图17中的(c)，第一转子槽113呈由多个直线段组成的U字型，第一转子槽113的内凹侧背向转子本体110的中心设置；铁芯附件112具有第二转子槽1122，第二转子槽1122呈由多个直线段组成的U字型，第二转子槽1122的内凹侧背向转子本体110的中心设置。这种方式是在第五种转子槽实现方式的基础上，在铁芯附件112上增加一个或多个第二转子槽1122，第一转子槽113作为内层槽而第二转子槽1122作为外层槽。第二转子槽1122布置永磁体200的方式参考第一转子槽113的情况，比如第一转子槽113的中间直线段布置一个永磁体200，第二转子槽1122的中间直线段也布置一个永磁体200。同一铁芯附件112配置多个第二转子槽1122时可以是两个、三个或更多个第二转子槽1122，多个第二转子槽1122在转子径向依次排布，铁芯附件112可以包括多个沿转子径向依次排布的子附件，相邻子附件之间可通过磁桥连接或者不设置磁桥。The sixth way to realize the rotor slot is: referring to (c) in FIG. Set in the center; the iron core attachment 112 has a second rotor slot 1122 , the second rotor slot 1122 is U-shaped composed of multiple straight segments, and the concave side of the second rotor slot 1122 is set away from the center of the rotor body 110 . This way is to add one or more second rotor slots 1122 on the iron core attachment 112 on the basis of the fifth rotor slot implementation, the first rotor slots 113 are used as inner slots and the second rotor slots 1122 are used as outer slots. layer slot. The way of arranging the permanent magnet 200 in the second rotor slot 1122 refers to the situation of the first rotor slot 113, for example, a permanent magnet 200 is arranged in the middle straight section of the first rotor slot 113, and a permanent magnet is also arranged in the middle straight section of the second rotor slot 1122. 200. When the same iron core attachment 112 is configured with multiple second rotor slots 1122, it can be two, three or more second rotor slots 1122, and the plurality of second rotor slots 1122 are arranged sequentially in the radial direction of the rotor, and the iron core attachment 112 It can include a plurality of sub-attachments arranged sequentially along the radial direction of the rotor, and adjacent sub-attachments can be connected by magnetic bridges or no magnetic bridges are provided.

第七种转子槽实现方式是：参阅图17中的(d)，第一转子槽113呈弧形，第一转子槽113的内凹侧背向转子本体110的中心设置。在第一转子槽113内设置永磁体200时，可以在中间直线段设置一个永磁体200，在第一转子槽113没有设置永磁体200的部分形成隔磁槽1131。或者，在第一转子槽113的两侧区域分别设置永磁体200，第一转子槽113的中间区域不设置永磁体200，也是可行的。此外，永磁体200还可以采用其它排列组合设置在第一转子槽113内。The seventh way to realize the rotor slot is: referring to (d) in Figure 17, the first rotor slot 113 is arc-shaped, and the concave side of the first rotor slot 113 is set away from the center of the rotor body 110. When the permanent magnet 200 is arranged in the first rotor slot 113 , one permanent magnet 200 may be arranged in the middle straight line section, and a magnetic isolation slot 1131 is formed in the part of the first rotor slot 113 where no permanent magnet 200 is arranged. Alternatively, it is also feasible to arrange the permanent magnets 200 on both side regions of the first rotor slot 113 and not arrange the permanent magnets 200 in the middle region of the first rotor slot 113 . In addition, the permanent magnets 200 may also be disposed in the first rotor slot 113 in other arrangements and combinations.

第八种转子槽实现方式是：参阅图17中的(e)，第一转子槽113呈弧形，第一转子槽113的内凹侧背向转子本体110的中心设置；铁芯附件112具有呈弧形的第二转子槽1122，第二转子槽1122的内凹侧背向转子本体110的中心设置。这种方式是在第七种转子槽实现方式的基础上，在铁芯附件112上增加一个或多个第二转子槽1122，第一转子槽113作为内层槽而第二转子槽1122作为外层槽。第二转子槽1122布置永磁体200的方式参考第一转子槽113的情况，比如第一转子槽113的中间区域布置一个永磁体，第二转子槽1122的中间区域也布置一个永磁体。同一铁芯附件112配置多个第二转子槽1122时可以是两个、三个或更多个第二转子槽1122，多个第二转子槽1122在转子径向依次排布，铁芯附件112可以包括多个沿转子径向依次排布的子附件，相邻子附件之间可通过磁桥连接或者不设置磁桥。The eighth way to realize the rotor slot is: referring to (e) in Fig. 17, the first rotor slot 113 is arc-shaped, and the concave side of the first rotor slot 113 is set away from the center of the rotor body 110; the iron core attachment 112 has The second rotor slot 1122 is arc-shaped, and the concave side of the second rotor slot 1122 is disposed away from the center of the rotor body 110 . This way is to add one or more second rotor slots 1122 on the iron core attachment 112 on the basis of the seventh rotor slot realization mode, the first rotor slots 113 are used as inner layer slots and the second rotor slots 1122 are used as outer layer slots. layer slot. The manner of arranging the permanent magnet 200 in the second rotor slot 1122 refers to the case of the first rotor slot 113 , for example, a permanent magnet is arranged in the middle area of the first rotor slot 113 , and a permanent magnet is also arranged in the middle area of the second rotor slot 1122 . When the same iron core attachment 112 is configured with multiple second rotor slots 1122, it can be two, three or more second rotor slots 1122, and the plurality of second rotor slots 1122 are arranged sequentially in the radial direction of the rotor, and the iron core attachment 112 It can include a plurality of sub-attachments arranged sequentially along the radial direction of the rotor, and adjacent sub-attachments can be connected by magnetic bridges or no magnetic bridges are provided.

采用后四种转子铁芯的其中一种，在转子本体上设置转子槽(第一转子槽、第二转子槽)并增加永磁体后，将转轴穿过并固定于转子铁芯，得到永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机的转子，在转子铁芯上能形成预定磁路。与采用第一种至第四种转子铁芯的内置式永磁电机相比，采用后四种转子铁芯的永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机中所采用的永磁体体积可以设置得更小，磁阻回路更为明显，从而提升转子磁阻转矩分量。One of the last four rotor cores is used. After setting rotor slots (first rotor slot and second rotor slot) on the rotor body and adding permanent magnets, the rotating shaft is passed through and fixed to the rotor core to obtain permanent magnets. The rotor of the auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor can form a predetermined magnetic circuit on the rotor core. Compared with the built-in permanent magnet motors using the first to fourth types of rotor cores, the volume of the permanent magnets used in the permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motors using the latter four types of rotor cores can be set smaller, The reluctance loop is more pronounced, increasing the rotor reluctance torque component.

在设置套筒120时，参阅图2、图10，套筒120可以为碳纤维套筒、钢套筒或者合金钢套筒，还可以采用其它高强度材质。通过在转子本体110外套设套筒120，提升转子结构的机械强度，使转子能在高转速下可靠运行。采用碳纤维套筒会比金属套筒更好，在一定程度上降低涡流损耗，提升电机效率。示例性的，转子本体110外径为130mm，套筒120的径向宽度为1mm，将套筒120套设在转子本体110外，能有效提升转子本体110的机械强度。When setting the sleeve 120, referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 10, the sleeve 120 can be a carbon fiber sleeve, a steel sleeve or an alloy steel sleeve, and other high-strength materials can also be used. By arranging the sleeve 120 outside the rotor body 110, the mechanical strength of the rotor structure is improved, so that the rotor can run reliably at a high speed. The use of carbon fiber sleeves is better than metal sleeves, which can reduce eddy current losses to a certain extent and improve motor efficiency. Exemplarily, the outer diameter of the rotor body 110 is 130 mm, and the radial width of the sleeve 120 is 1 mm. The sleeve 120 is sheathed outside the rotor body 110 , which can effectively improve the mechanical strength of the rotor body 110 .

图18为本申请另一实施例提供的转子在铁芯附件为取向硅钢件时的结构示意图。Fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of a rotor provided by another embodiment of the present application when the iron core attachment is made of oriented silicon steel.

在一些实施例中，参阅图18，铁芯基体111为无取向硅钢件，铁芯附件112为取向硅钢件，铁芯附件112的磁化取向为由铁芯附件112的内边缘112a至外边缘112b的方向。其中，铁芯附件112内边缘112a是指铁芯附件112装配至转子本体110后靠近转子中心的边缘，铁芯附件112外边缘112b就是相对内边缘112a的另一侧。取向硅钢的磁性有较强的方向性，将取向硅钢的磁性设置为铁芯附件112的内边缘112a至外边缘112b的方向，即由铁芯附件112朝向气隙的方向。在采用取向硅钢制作的铁芯附件112后，有效降低铁芯附件112区域的漏磁，从而提升电磁性能。在相同交变电磁场下，铁芯附件112所产生的损耗会下降。相比于第三对比例的转子中的铁芯基体31和铁芯附件32之间采用卡接装配，本实施例的转子铁芯100通过套筒120固定转子本体110，具有更高的机械强度以适应更高的转子转速。In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 18 , the core base 111 is a non-oriented silicon steel part, the iron core attachment 112 is an oriented silicon steel part, and the magnetization orientation of the iron core attachment 112 is from the inner edge 112a to the outer edge 112b of the iron core attachment 112 direction. Wherein, the inner edge 112a of the iron core attachment 112 refers to the edge near the center of the rotor after the iron core attachment 112 is assembled to the rotor body 110 , and the outer edge 112b of the iron core attachment 112 is the other side opposite to the inner edge 112a. The magnetism of oriented silicon steel has strong directionality, and the magnetism of oriented silicon steel is set from the inner edge 112a to the outer edge 112b of the iron core attachment 112, that is, the direction from the iron core attachment 112 to the air gap. After adopting the iron core attachment 112 made of oriented silicon steel, the flux leakage in the area of the iron core attachment 112 is effectively reduced, thereby improving the electromagnetic performance. Under the same alternating electromagnetic field, the loss generated by the iron core attachment 112 will decrease. Compared with the third comparative example in which the iron core base 31 and the iron core attachment 32 are snap-fitted, the rotor iron core 100 of this embodiment fixes the rotor body 110 through the sleeve 120 and has higher mechanical strength to accommodate higher rotor speeds.

在另一个实施例中，铁芯基体111和铁芯附件112均为无取向硅钢件，也是可行的。In another embodiment, both the iron core base 111 and the iron core attachment 112 are non-oriented silicon steel parts, which is also feasible.

图19中的(a)、(b)分别为本申请另一实施例提供的转子在去除外凸部前后的结构示意图。(a) and (b) in FIG. 19 are structural schematic diagrams of the rotor provided by another embodiment of the present application before and after removing the convex part.

在一些实施例中，参阅图1、图19中的(a)，铁芯基体111的外周具有沿铁芯基体111的周向分布的多个安装位1111，多个铁芯附件112一一对应地设于多个安装位1111，铁芯基体111在相邻两个安装位1111之间形成外凸部1112，外凸部1112用于和套筒120的内壁抵接。在装配套筒120时，套筒120的内壁抵设于各个铁芯附件112的外边缘112b和铁芯基体111的各个外凸部1112，将铁芯基体111和各个铁芯附件112可靠地固定在一起。In some embodiments, referring to Fig. 1 and (a) in Fig. 19, the outer periphery of the iron core base 111 has a plurality of installation positions 1111 distributed along the circumferential direction of the iron core base 111, and a plurality of iron core accessories 112 correspond to each other. The iron core base 111 forms an outer protrusion 1112 between two adjacent installation positions 1111 , and the outer protrusion 1112 is used to abut against the inner wall of the sleeve 120 . When the sleeve 120 is assembled, the inner wall of the sleeve 120 abuts against the outer edge 112b of each iron core attachment 112 and each convex portion 1112 of the iron core base 111, so that the iron core base 111 and each iron core attachment 112 are reliably fixed. together.

在一些实施例中，参阅图19中的(b)，为了使铁芯基体111能和不同尺寸的铁芯附件112搭配使用，铁芯基体111的外周具有沿铁芯基体111的周向分布的多个安装位1111，多个铁芯附件112一一对应地设于多个安装位1111，铁芯基体111在相邻两个安装位1111之间形成第一表面1113，第一表面1113和套筒120的内壁间隔设置，安装位1111能够适配多种不同外径的铁芯附件112。在加工转子本体110时，增加工装或工序将铁芯基体111的外凸部1112冲掉，在铁芯基体111的外周形成第一表面1113，该铁芯基体111的安装位1111可在一定范围内兼容不同圆弧外径的铁芯附件112，实现转子外径可调，以适配不同规格的电机，实现平台化设计，降低生产成本。In some embodiments, referring to (b) in FIG. 19 , in order to enable the iron core base 111 to be used together with iron core accessories 112 of different sizes, the outer circumference of the iron core base 111 has A plurality of installation positions 1111, a plurality of iron core accessories 112 are arranged on the plurality of installation positions 1111 one by one, and the iron core base 111 forms a first surface 1113 between two adjacent installation positions 1111, and the first surface 1113 and the sleeve The inner wall of the cylinder 120 is arranged at intervals, and the installation position 1111 can be adapted to various iron core accessories 112 with different outer diameters. When processing the rotor body 110, add tooling or processes to wash away the convex portion 1112 of the iron core base 111, and form a first surface 1113 on the outer periphery of the iron core base 111. The installation position 1111 of the iron core base 111 can be within a certain range. Compatible with iron core accessories 112 with different arc outer diameters, the outer diameter of the rotor can be adjusted to adapt to motors of different specifications, realizing platform design and reducing production costs.

常规内置式永磁电机难以通过以上方式实现转子外径可调，主要原因是磁桥的厚度在二次冲制下会变薄，从而影响到转子强度。本实施例通过套设在转子本体110外的套筒120去满足转子结构的机械强度，转子本体110中的铁芯基体111和铁芯附件112可采用分离结构，磁桥结构可有可无，可在不破坏永磁体200的前提下将铁芯基体111的外凸部1112冲掉。It is difficult for conventional built-in permanent magnet motors to realize the adjustable outer diameter of the rotor through the above methods. The main reason is that the thickness of the magnetic bridge will become thinner under secondary stamping, which will affect the strength of the rotor. In this embodiment, the sleeve 120 set outside the rotor body 110 is used to meet the mechanical strength of the rotor structure. The iron core base 111 and the iron core attachment 112 in the rotor body 110 can adopt a separate structure, and the magnetic bridge structure is optional. The convex portion 1112 of the iron core base 111 can be washed away without damaging the permanent magnet 200 .

图20为本申请另一实施例提供的转子的结构示意图；图21为图20的转子在正反相叠时的结构示意图。Fig. 20 is a schematic structural view of a rotor provided by another embodiment of the present application; Fig. 21 is a schematic structural view of the rotors in Fig. 20 stacked front and back.

在一些实施例中，参阅图20、图21，为了用一种片状转子本体110实现转子斜极效果，铁芯附件112的定位孔1121的位置由铁芯附件112的对称轴112c绕着转子本体110的中心偏移预定角度α确定，相邻两个转子本体110正反相叠，以使相叠设置的两个铁芯附件112的定位孔1121共线设置。定位孔1121和转子本体110两者中心连线跟铁芯附件112的对称轴112c之间的夹角就是预定角度α。通过复用同一种片状转子本体110，使相邻两个转子本体110正反叠，在每个转子本体110的转子槽分别设置永磁体200，在转子轴向相邻两个永磁体200没有完全重合而是错开一定角度，该错开角度是上述预定角度α的两倍，能够实现转子斜极效果，降低电机转矩波动，改善电机在运行过程中对外表现出的噪声、振动与声振粗糙度(noise，vibration，harshness，NVH)性能。预定角度α的范围可以小于或等于10°，具体按需设置。示例性的，当定位孔1121偏移铁芯附件112的对称轴5°时，通过转子本体110正反叠的方式，采用同一种片状转子本体110可以实现±5°的转子斜极效果。In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 20 and FIG. 21 , in order to use a sheet-shaped rotor body 110 to achieve the rotor skew effect, the positioning hole 1121 of the iron core attachment 112 is positioned around the rotor by the symmetry axis 112c of the iron core attachment 112 The centers of the main bodies 110 are offset by a predetermined angle α, and two adjacent rotor main bodies 110 are stacked front and back so that the positioning holes 1121 of the two stacked iron core attachments 112 are collinearly arranged. The included angle between the line connecting the center of the positioning hole 1121 and the rotor body 110 and the axis of symmetry 112c of the iron core attachment 112 is the predetermined angle α. By reusing the same sheet-shaped rotor body 110, two adjacent rotor bodies 110 are stacked upside down, and permanent magnets 200 are respectively arranged in the rotor slots of each rotor body 110, and there are no two adjacent permanent magnets 200 in the axial direction of the rotor. Complete coincidence but staggered by a certain angle, the staggered angle is twice the above predetermined angle α, which can achieve the rotor skew effect, reduce the torque fluctuation of the motor, and improve the external noise, vibration and roughness of the motor during operation degree (noise, vibration, harshness, NVH) performance. The range of the predetermined angle α may be less than or equal to 10°, which is specifically set as required. Exemplarily, when the positioning hole 1121 is offset by 5° from the axis of symmetry of the iron core attachment 112 , the rotor body 110 can be folded forward and backward, and the rotor skew effect of ±5° can be achieved by using the same sheet-shaped rotor body 110 .

本申请实施例提供一种电机，包括定子和上述的转子，定子套设于套筒的外周，定子和转子之间形成有气隙。电机可以是内置式永磁电机、同步磁阻电机或者永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机。由于本电机采用了上述转子，因此同样具有转子所带来的所有有益效果，在此不再一一赘述。An embodiment of the present application provides a motor, including a stator and the above-mentioned rotor, the stator is sheathed on the outer periphery of the sleeve, and an air gap is formed between the stator and the rotor. The motor may be an interior permanent magnet motor, a synchronous reluctance motor or a permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor. Since the motor adopts the above-mentioned rotor, it also has all the beneficial effects brought by the rotor, which will not be repeated here.

本申请实施例提供一种电机驱动***，包括控制器和上述的电机，控制器和电机电连接。控制器用于调节电机的输出转矩，以实现电机的怠速、加速、能量回收等功能。由于本电机驱动***采用了上述电机，因此同样具有电机所带来的所有有益效果，在此不再一一赘述。An embodiment of the present application provides a motor drive system, including a controller and the above-mentioned motor, and the controller and the motor are electrically connected. The controller is used to adjust the output torque of the motor to realize functions such as motor idling, acceleration, and energy recovery. Since the motor driving system adopts the above-mentioned motor, it also has all the beneficial effects brought by the motor, and will not be repeated here.

本申请实施例提供一种电动车，包括上述的电机驱动***。电动车可以为电动汽车、地铁列车、高速动车组等等。电动车还包括车架，电机驱动***可设于车架上。由于本电动车采用了上述电机驱动***，因此同样具有电机驱动***所带来的所有有益效果，在此不再一一赘述。An embodiment of the present application provides an electric vehicle, including the above motor drive system. The electric vehicle can be an electric vehicle, a subway train, a high-speed EMU or the like. The electric vehicle also includes a vehicle frame, on which the motor drive system can be arranged. Since the electric vehicle adopts the above-mentioned motor drive system, it also has all the beneficial effects brought by the motor drive system, which will not be repeated here.

最后应说明的是：以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何在本申请揭露的技术范围内的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。Finally, it should be noted that: the above is only a specific implementation of the application, but the scope of protection of the application is not limited thereto, and any changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the application shall be covered by this application. within the scope of the application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

一种转子铁芯，其特征在于，包括：转子本体和套筒；A rotor core, characterized by comprising: a rotor body and a sleeve;

所述转子本体包括铁芯基体和多个铁芯附件，所述铁芯基体用于和转轴连接，多个铁芯附件沿所述铁芯基体的周向分布；所述铁芯基体和每个所述铁芯附件之间分别形成有第一转子槽，每个所述第一转子槽的至少一部分形成有用于降低漏磁的隔磁槽；The rotor body includes an iron core base and a plurality of iron core attachments, the iron core base is used to connect with the rotating shaft, and the plurality of iron core attachments are distributed along the circumference of the iron core base; the iron core base and each First rotor slots are respectively formed between the iron core accessories, and at least a part of each first rotor slot is formed with a magnetic isolation slot for reducing magnetic flux leakage;

所述套筒套设于多个所述铁芯附件的外边缘。The sleeve is sheathed on the outer edges of the plurality of iron core accessories.
根据权利要求1所述的转子铁芯，其特征在于，所述铁芯基体和多个所述铁芯附件为分离结构；The rotor core according to claim 1, wherein the core base and the plurality of core accessories are separate structures;

或，所述第一转子槽内设有磁桥，所述磁桥用于连接所述铁芯基体和所述铁芯附件，所述磁桥的厚度小于或等于1mm。Or, a magnetic bridge is provided in the first rotor slot, the magnetic bridge is used to connect the iron core base and the iron core attachment, and the thickness of the magnetic bridge is less than or equal to 1mm.
根据权利要求1或2所述的转子铁芯，其特征在于，所述转子本体呈片状，所述转子本体的数量为多个，多个所述转子本体层叠设置，不同所述转子本体中的所述铁芯附件层叠设置。The rotor core according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the rotor body is sheet-shaped, the number of the rotor bodies is multiple, and a plurality of the rotor bodies are stacked, and different rotor bodies The iron core accessories are stacked.
根据权利要求3所述的转子铁芯，其特征在于，层叠设置的多个所述铁芯附件通过紧固件连接，所述紧固件穿过于不同所述转子本体上同一个位置的多个所述铁芯附件的定位孔；The rotor core according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of iron core accessories stacked in layers are connected by fasteners, and the fasteners pass through a plurality of the same positions on different rotor bodies. The positioning hole of the iron core attachment;

或，层叠设置的多个所述铁芯附件通过注塑件连接，所述注塑件填充于不同所述转子本体上同一个位置的多个所述铁芯附件的所述第一转子槽；Or, the plurality of iron core accessories stacked are connected by injection molded parts, and the injection molded parts are filled in the first rotor slots of the plurality of iron core accessories at the same position on different rotor bodies;

或，层叠设置的多个所述铁芯附件通过扣片连接，所述扣片扣接于不同所述转子本体上同一个位置的多个所述铁芯附件的扣接槽。Or, the plurality of iron core accessories arranged in layers are connected through buckle pieces, and the buckle pieces are buckled to fastening slots of multiple iron core accessories at the same position on different rotor bodies.
根据权利要求3或4所述的转子铁芯，其特征在于，所述铁芯附件的定位孔的位置由所述铁芯附件的对称轴绕着所述转子本体的中心偏移预定角度确定，相邻两个所述转子本体正反相叠，以使相叠设置的两个所述铁芯附件的所述定位孔共线设置。The rotor core according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the position of the positioning hole of the core attachment is determined by the offset of the axis of symmetry of the core attachment around the center of the rotor body by a predetermined angle, Two adjacent rotor bodies are stacked front and back, so that the positioning holes of the two stacked iron core accessories are collinearly arranged.
根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的转子铁芯，其特征在于，所述第一转子槽呈一字型，所有所述第一转子槽的中心延长线能够围成凸多边形；The rotor core according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, the first rotor slots are in-line shape, and the central extension lines of all the first rotor slots can be surrounded by a convex polygon;

或，所述第一转子槽呈V字型，所述第一转子槽的内凹侧背向所述转子本体的中心设置；Or, the first rotor slot is V-shaped, and the concave side of the first rotor slot is set away from the center of the rotor body;

或，所述第一转子槽呈V字型，所述第一转子槽的内凹侧背向所述转子本体的中心设置；所述铁芯附件具有呈一字型的第二转子槽，所有所述第二转子槽的中心延长线能够围成凸多边形；Or, the first rotor slot is V-shaped, and the concave side of the first rotor slot is set away from the center of the rotor body; the iron core attachment has a second rotor slot that is in-line, and all The central extension line of the second rotor slot can enclose a convex polygon;

或，所述第一转子槽呈V字型，所述第一转子槽的内凹侧背向所述转子本体的中心设置；所述铁芯附件具有呈V字型的第二转子槽，所述第二转子槽的内凹侧背向所述转子本体的中心设置。Or, the first rotor slot is V-shaped, and the concave side of the first rotor slot is set away from the center of the rotor body; the iron core attachment has a V-shaped second rotor slot, so The inner concave side of the second rotor slot is disposed away from the center of the rotor body.
根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的转子铁芯，其特征在于，所述第一转子槽呈由多个直线段组成的U字型，所述第一转子槽的内凹侧背向所述转子本体的中心设置；The rotor core according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first rotor slot is in a U-shape composed of a plurality of straight segments, and the concave side of the first rotor slot faces away from The center of the rotor body is set;

或，所述第一转子槽呈由多个直线段组成的U字型，所述第一转子槽的内凹侧背向所述转子本体的中心设置；所述铁芯附件具有第二转子槽，所述第二转子槽呈由多个直线段组成的U字型，所述第二转子槽的内凹侧背向所述转子本体的中心设置；Or, the first rotor slot is U-shaped composed of a plurality of straight segments, and the concave side of the first rotor slot is set away from the center of the rotor body; the iron core attachment has a second rotor slot , the second rotor slot is U-shaped composed of a plurality of straight segments, and the concave side of the second rotor slot is set away from the center of the rotor body;

或，所述第一转子槽呈弧形，所述第一转子槽的内凹侧背向所述转子本体的中心设置；Or, the first rotor slot is arc-shaped, and the concave side of the first rotor slot is set away from the center of the rotor body;

或，所述第一转子槽呈弧形，所述第一转子槽的内凹侧背向所述转子本体的中心设置；所述铁芯附件具有呈弧形的第二转子槽，所述第二转子槽的内凹侧背向所述转子本体的中心设置。Or, the first rotor slot is arc-shaped, and the concave side of the first rotor slot is set away from the center of the rotor body; the iron core attachment has an arc-shaped second rotor slot, and the first rotor slot is The concave sides of the two rotor slots are arranged away from the center of the rotor body.
根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的转子铁芯，其特征在于，所述套筒为碳纤维套筒、钢套筒或者合金钢套筒。The rotor core according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the sleeve is a carbon fiber sleeve, a steel sleeve or an alloy steel sleeve.
根据权利要求1至8任一项所述的转子铁芯，其特征在于，所述铁芯基体和所述铁芯附件均为无取向硅钢件；The rotor core according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, both the core base and the core accessories are non-oriented silicon steel parts;

或，所述铁芯基体为无取向硅钢件，所述铁芯附件为取向硅钢件，所述铁芯附件的磁化取向为由所述铁芯附件的内边缘至所述外边缘的方向。Or, the iron core base is non-oriented silicon steel, the iron core attachment is oriented silicon steel, and the magnetization orientation of the iron core attachment is from the inner edge to the outer edge of the iron core attachment.
根据权利要求1至9任一项所述的转子铁芯，其特征在于，所述铁芯基体的外周具有沿所述铁芯基体的周向分布的多个安装位，多个所述铁芯附件一一对应地设于多个所述安装位；The rotor core according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, the outer periphery of the core base has a plurality of installation positions distributed along the circumference of the core base, and a plurality of the iron cores The accessories are arranged in a plurality of the installation positions in a one-to-one correspondence;

所述铁芯基体在相邻两个所述安装位之间形成外凸部，所述外凸部用于和所述套筒的内壁抵接；或，所述铁芯基体在相邻两个所述安装位之间形成第一表面，所述第一表面和所述套筒的内壁间隔设置，所述安装位能够适配多种不同外径的所述铁芯附件。The iron core base forms an outer protrusion between two adjacent installation positions, and the outer protrusion is used to abut against the inner wall of the sleeve; or, the iron core base forms an outer protrusion between two adjacent installation positions. A first surface is formed between the installation positions, and the first surface is spaced apart from the inner wall of the sleeve, and the installation positions can be adapted to various iron core accessories with different outer diameters.
一种转子，其特征在于，包括转轴、永磁体和如权利要求1至10任一项所述的转子铁芯，所述转轴穿过并固定于所述转子铁芯，所述永磁体安装于所述转子铁芯内。A rotor, characterized by comprising a rotating shaft, a permanent magnet and a rotor core according to any one of claims 1 to 10, the rotating shaft passes through and is fixed to the rotor core, and the permanent magnet is installed on inside the rotor core.
一种转子，其特征在于，包括转轴和如权利要求7所述的转子铁芯，所述转轴穿过并固定于所述转子铁芯。A rotor, characterized by comprising a rotating shaft and the rotor core according to claim 7, the rotating shaft passes through and is fixed to the rotor core.
一种电机，其特征在于，包括定子和如权利要求11或12所述的转子，所述定子套设于所述套筒的外周，所述定子和所述转子之间形成有气隙。A motor, characterized by comprising a stator and the rotor according to claim 11 or 12, the stator is sheathed on the outer periphery of the sleeve, and an air gap is formed between the stator and the rotor.
一种电机驱动***，其特征在于，包括控制器和如权利要求13所述的电机，所述控制器和所述电机电连接。A motor drive system, characterized by comprising a controller and the motor according to claim 13, the controller being electrically connected to the motor.
一种电动车，其特征在于，包括如权利要求14所述的电机驱动***。An electric vehicle, characterized by comprising the motor drive system according to claim 14.