WO2023123047A1 - 电池、用电设备及电池的制造方法 - Google Patents

电池、用电设备及电池的制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023123047A1
WO2023123047A1 PCT/CN2021/142466 CN2021142466W WO2023123047A1 WO 2023123047 A1 WO2023123047 A1 WO 2023123047A1 CN 2021142466 W CN2021142466 W CN 2021142466W WO 2023123047 A1 WO2023123047 A1 WO 2023123047A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
opening
housing
limiting structure
temperature sampling
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/142466
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王冲
陈智明
郑陈铃
甘卫锋
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to CN202180096949.4A priority Critical patent/CN117136456A/zh
Priority to EP21969419.7A priority patent/EP4283755A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/142466 priority patent/WO2023123047A1/zh
Publication of WO2023123047A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023123047A1/zh
Priority to US18/237,907 priority patent/US20230402671A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of power batteries, in particular to a battery, an electrical device and a method for manufacturing the battery.
  • Some batteries in the related art include a plurality of battery cells.
  • a sampling device is usually provided in the battery so that the working parameters of the battery cells can be measured in real time.
  • temperature is one of the important working parameters of the battery, therefore, it is necessary to install a temperature sampling component in the battery.
  • the air humidity in the environment where the battery is located is high, condensed water will form on the surface of the battery cell. Once the condensed water touches the terminals of the temperature sampling component, there will be a risk of damage to the temperature sampling component. Therefore, how to reduce the risk of damage to the temperature sampling components due to condensed water is an urgent problem to be solved.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide a battery, an electrical device and a manufacturing method of the battery, so as to reduce the risk of damage to the temperature sampling components in the battery due to condensed water.
  • the specific technical scheme is as follows:
  • the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application proposes a battery, including: a temperature sampling assembly and at least one battery cell, the temperature sampling assembly includes a casing, one end of the casing is provided with an opening for accessing a sampling signal line, and the temperature sampling assembly is installed It is arranged on the battery cell and the opening is inclined downward.
  • the casing of the temperature sampling assembly is provided with an opening for accessing the sampling signal line, and the opening of the temperature sampling assembly is installed on the battery cell in a downwardly inclined manner, so that when the battery When condensed water is generated inside and adheres to the surface of the temperature sampling component or the surface of the battery cell, the opening of the temperature sampling component is inclined downward to prevent the condensed water from flowing back into the internal interface of the shell from the opening, thereby reducing the impact on the damage of the temperature sampling component due to condensed water Risk, which is conducive to improving the stability and service life of temperature sampling components, and also conducive to improving the reliability of the battery.
  • the battery further includes a mounting frame and an elastic thermal pad
  • the mounting frame is connected to the battery cell
  • the elastic thermal pad is close to the surface of the battery cell
  • the mounting frame is used to install the casing
  • the elastic thermal pad is located between the casing and the battery cell, under the mutual limitation of the mounting frame and the elastic thermal pad, the casing is fixed on the battery cell in a direction in which the opening is inclined downward.
  • the housing Under the joint action of the mounting frame and the elastic thermal pad, the housing can be installed on the battery cell in a downwardly inclined manner, thereby effectively preventing condensed water from flowing back into the temperature sampling component through the opening.
  • the use of the elastic thermal pad can absorb the dimensional tolerance between the case and the battery cells after the case is installed on the mounting frame.
  • the installation frame includes a base, a first limiting structure and a second limiting structure
  • the base is provided with a through groove for accommodating the housing
  • the first limiting structure and the second limiting structure are arranged on the base
  • the housing is limited in the through groove by the first limiting structure and the second limiting structure, the distance from the first limiting structure to the opening of the housing is greater than the distance from the second limiting structure to the opening of the housing
  • the first limiting structure includes The first limiting part is used for pressing the shell
  • the second limiting structure includes a second limiting part for pressing the shell
  • the first limiting part is set higher than the second limiting part.
  • the first limiting structure is farther away from the opening of the casing, while the second limiting structure is closer to the opening of the casing.
  • the first limiting part is set higher than the second limiting part, and the bottom of the housing is supported by an elastic heat-conducting pad, so that the overall housing assumes an inclined posture, so that the opening of the housing is facing down slope.
  • the first limiting structure is a buckle or a pressing member. Since both the buckle and the bead member have the advantages of simple structure and convenient installation, it is beneficial to improve the installation efficiency of the temperature sampling component and also to save costs.
  • the second limiting structure is a buckle or a pressing member. Therefore, it is also beneficial to improve the installation efficiency of the temperature sampling component, and also beneficial to saving costs.
  • the buckle includes a support portion and a buckle portion located at an upper end of the support portion.
  • the position and height of the temperature sampling component are defined by the support part and the buckle part of the buckle.
  • the buckle form requires fewer steps in the installation of the temperature sampling component, which is conducive to improving the assembly efficiency of the battery.
  • the bead member includes a bead and a connecting piece, and the end of the bead is connected to the base through the connecting piece.
  • the shell is pressed down by the pressing bar, and the shell presses the elastic thermal pad, and the pressing bar and the elastic thermal pad jointly define the inclination angle of the shell.
  • the connecting piece is a screw
  • the height of the adjustment bar can also be adjusted by adjusting the screw-in depth of the screw, so that the downward slope of the opening of the shell can be adjusted.
  • the first limiting structure includes a side plate and a top plate disposed on an upper end of the side plate, and the top plate is the first limiting part.
  • the side plate and the top plate together form the structure for installing the shell, and the plate-shaped structure has a better fixing effect, and the shell only needs to be extended under the top plate, thereby omitting the installation process, and the assembly efficiency is higher.
  • the side panels are "C” shaped panels.
  • the side plate 428 is a "C"-shaped plate, and the "C"-shaped plate can form a limiting effect on the housing in multiple directions. Under the enveloping effect of the "C"-shaped plate, the housing can be installed more firmly.
  • the longer connecting line between the "C" shaped plate and the top plate also makes the first limiting structure have better structural strength and structural rigidity
  • the top board, the side boards and the base are integrally formed.
  • the top plate, the side plate and the base are integrally formed, so that the installation and connection process between the first limiting structure and the base can be saved, which is conducive to improving assembly efficiency.
  • the battery further includes an electrical connecting sheet
  • the battery cell further includes a pole
  • the electrical connecting sheet is connected to the pole of the battery cell
  • the mounting frame is pressed and fixed on the surface of the battery cell through the electrical connecting sheet.
  • the electrical connecting piece is fixedly connected to the pole of the battery cell, and the electrical connecting piece is tightly pressed and fitted to the surface of the battery cell.
  • the housing includes a housing bottom plate and a housing top plate, and the housing top plate and the housing bottom plate are not parallel, so that the cross-sectional area of the housing gradually decreases from an end far away from the opening to an end close to the opening.
  • the top plate of the housing and the bottom plate of the housing are not parallel, so that the overall housing presents a wedge-shaped structure, and the cross-sectional area of the housing gradually decreases from the end far away from the opening to the end close to the opening.
  • the housing is installed on the battery cell On the surface, the effect of the opening sloping downward can be achieved.
  • the bottom plate of the case is disposed in close contact with the surface of the battery cells. Based on the non-parallel relationship between the top plate and the bottom plate of the shell, the shell itself has the effect that the opening is inclined downward. In this case, the shell can be directly attached to the surface of the battery cell.
  • the embodiment of the second aspect of the present application provides an electric device, which includes the battery in any embodiment of the first aspect above, wherein the battery is used to provide electric energy for the electric device.
  • the battery includes a temperature sampling assembly and at least one battery cell, an opening is provided on the casing of the temperature sampling assembly, and the opening is used to access the sampling signal line, and the temperature sampling assembly is in the direction of It is installed on the battery cell with a downward slope, so that when the condensed water in the battery adheres to the surface of the temperature sampling component or the surface of the battery cell, the opening of the temperature sampling component is inclined downward to prevent the condensed water from flowing back into the shell from the opening, by Therefore, the risk of damage to the temperature sampling component due to condensed water can be reduced, thereby improving the stability and service life of the temperature sampling component and improving the reliability of the battery.
  • the embodiment of the third aspect of the present application proposes a battery manufacturing method, including: providing a temperature sampling assembly and at least one battery cell, the temperature sampling assembly includes a casing, and one end of the casing is provided with an opening for accessing a sampling signal line, The temperature sampling component is installed on the battery cell and the opening is arranged in a downwardly inclined direction.
  • the battery manufactured by the battery manufacturing method in the embodiment of the present application has an opening on the casing of the temperature sampling component, which is used to access the sampling signal line, and the temperature sampling component is installed on the battery cell with the opening inclined downward.
  • the opening of the temperature sampling component is inclined downward to prevent the condensed water from flowing back into the shell from the opening, thereby reducing the temperature of the sampling component. Risk of damage due to condensed water, which is beneficial to improve the stability and service life of the temperature sampling components, and also to improve the reliability of the battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle using a battery of the present embodiment
  • Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the battery of the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is an exploded view of the battery of some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the battery shown in Fig. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a mounting frame in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a mounting bracket according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a mounting frame according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of temperature sampling components in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • 300 temperature sampling component
  • 310 shell
  • 311 bottom plate of the shell
  • 312 top plate of the shell
  • 320 opening
  • 350 sampling signal line
  • 400 mounting frame, 410—base, 411—through slot, 420—first limiting structure, 421—first limiting part, 422—buckle, 423—layer member, 424—supporting part, 425—buckle part, 426—layering bar, 427—connector, 428—side plate, 429—top plate, 430—second limiting structure, 431—second limiting part;
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two), similarly, “multiple groups” refers to more than two groups (including two), and “multiple pieces” refers to More than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • a temperature sampling component that monitors the battery cell will be installed in the battery. When abnormalities are found, timely control and processing can be made to protect the battery charge and discharge. When abnormal changes such as battery pack temperature exceed the safety threshold are found When the time comes, an alarm signal is sent for early warning to avoid danger.
  • the casing is provided with a connection port for connecting a connection line, and the sampled temperature is transmitted to the battery management system in the form of an electrical signal through the connection line.
  • the connection port is generally a plug-in connection, and The size and space are small, and it is difficult to achieve complete sealing.
  • the change of ambient temperature during the use of the battery will cause condensed water on the surface of the battery cell. Under the action of gravity, the condensed water may flow into the temperature sampling component through the connection port.
  • Contact with the electrical connection interface once this happens, there is a risk of causing damage to the temperature sampling component, which in turn affects the reliability of the temperature sampling component.
  • the inventor proposed a new installation form of the temperature sampling component in the battery, by installing the side of the connection port of the temperature sampling component on the battery cell at a certain angle downwards to prevent condensation The water flows back into the electrical connection interface of the temperature sampling component through the connection port, which is beneficial to improving the working reliability of the temperature sampling component, and further helps to improve the reliability of the battery.
  • the batteries disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used, but not limited to, in electric devices such as vehicles, ships or aircrafts.
  • Electric devices can be but not limited to mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, electric tools, battery cars, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc.
  • electric toys may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys, electric airplane toys, etc.
  • spacecraft may include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • FIG. 1 it is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical equipment vehicle 1 using the battery of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or Extended range cars, etc.
  • a motor 30 , a controller 20 and a battery 10 may be provided inside the vehicle 1 , and the controller 20 is used to control the battery 10 to supply power to the motor 30 .
  • the battery 10 may be provided at the bottom or front or rear of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1 , for example, the battery 10 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1 , for a circuit system of the vehicle 1 , for example, for starting, navigating and running power requirements of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells 200 to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery 10 mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • the battery 10 generally includes a case 100 for enclosing one or more battery cells 200 .
  • the box body 100 can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the box body 100 may include an upper cover 101 and a box shell 102, and the upper cover 101 and the box shell 102 are fastened together.
  • the shapes of the upper cover 101 and the box case 102 may be determined according to the combined shape of a plurality of battery cells 200 .
  • a plurality of battery cells 200 can be connected in series and/or in parallel via poles for various applications.
  • the application of the battery 10 includes three levels: battery cells 200, battery modules and battery packs.
  • a battery module is formed by electrically connecting a certain number of battery cells together and putting them into a frame in order to protect the battery cells from external shock, heat, vibration, etc.
  • the battery pack is the final state of the battery system that goes into an electric vehicle.
  • a battery pack generally includes a case for enclosing one or more battery cells.
  • the box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the box body is generally composed of a cover body and a box shell.
  • BMS battery management system
  • thermal management components on one or more battery modules.
  • BMS battery management system
  • the level of the battery module can be omitted, that is, the battery pack is formed directly from the battery cells. This improvement has improved the gravimetric energy density and volumetric energy density of the battery system while significantly reducing the number of components.
  • the batteries mentioned in this application include battery modules or battery packs.
  • the battery cell 200 may include a lithium-ion secondary battery, a lithium-ion primary battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-lithium ion battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cell can be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cells 200 are generally divided into three types according to the packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square square battery cells and pouch battery cells, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery 10 includes a temperature sampling assembly 300 and at least one battery cell 200.
  • the temperature sampling assembly 300 includes a housing 310. One end of the housing 310 is provided with an opening 320 for accessing a sampling signal line 350.
  • the temperature sampling assembly 300 is installed on the battery cell 200. And the opening 320 is arranged in a downwardly inclined direction.
  • the battery cell 200 is a small unit constituting the battery 10 , and the battery cell 200 may include an end cover, a casing, a cell assembly and other functional components, such as an insulating layer.
  • the end cap refers to a component that covers the opening of the casing to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 200 from the external environment.
  • the casing is a component for accommodating the electrode assembly to form the battery cell 200.
  • the casing also contains electrolyte and other ministry structures.
  • the casing can be made of various materials, such as iron casing, aluminum casing, stainless steel casing, etc., and the electrode assembly is a component in the battery cell 200 where the electrochemical reaction occurs.
  • One or more electrode assemblies may be contained within the case.
  • the electrode assembly is mainly formed by winding or laminating the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and usually a separator is provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet.
  • the temperature sampling component 300 is a component capable of collecting temperature signals of the battery cells 200 , and the temperature sampling component 300 transmits the collected temperature information to the battery management system in the form of electrical signals through the sampling signal line 350 .
  • the sampling signal line refers to a wire or cable that can transmit electrical signals.
  • the shell 310 is used to protect the internal terminals of the temperature sampling component 300 and the electrical connection interface between the electronics and the sampling signal line 350 .
  • the terminals can specifically be thermistors, and thermistors have the characteristic that the resistance value changes with temperature.
  • the shell 310 can be a metal shell, which has good thermal conductivity. When the surface temperature of the battery cell 200 rises, the battery cell 200 will conduct heat to the shell 310 of the temperature sampling assembly 300, so that the temperature of the shell 310 rises, and then the temperature of the terminals located in the shell 310 rises, thereby Change the resistance value of the terminal.
  • the temperature sampling assembly 300 is installed on the battery cell 200 with the opening 320 sloping downward, wherein "down” refers to the direction of gravity, and the opening 320 is inclined downward, so that it is difficult for the condensed water in the battery 10 to sample the temperature through the opening 320. Assembly 300 flows backwards.
  • the housing 310 of the temperature sampling assembly 300 is provided with an opening 320, the opening 320 is used to access the sampling signal line 350, and the temperature sampling assembly 300 is installed on the battery cell 200 with the opening 320 inclined downward.
  • the opening 320 of the temperature sampling assembly 300 is inclined downward to prevent the condensed water from flowing back into the casing 310 from the opening 320, thus, The risk of damage to the temperature sampling assembly 300 due to condensed water can be reduced, thereby improving the stability and service life of the temperature sampling assembly 300 and improving the reliability of the battery 10 .
  • the battery 10 further includes a mounting frame 400 and an elastic thermal pad 500, the mounting frame 400 is connected to the battery cell 200, the elastic thermal pad 500 is close to the surface of the battery cell 200, the mounting frame 400
  • the elastic heat conduction pad 500 is located between the case 310 and the battery cell 200, and under the joint definition of the installation frame 400 and the elastic heat conduction pad 500, the case 310 is fixed in the direction in which the opening 320 is inclined downward. on the battery cell 200 .
  • the mounting frame 400 is a support structure for mounting the temperature sampling assembly 300 on the battery cell 200 .
  • the elastic heat conduction gasket 500 is a gasket with elasticity and good thermal conductivity, which is installed between the battery cell 200 and the casing 310 , and can transfer the heat of the battery cell 200 to the casing 310 .
  • the mounting bracket 400 fixes the casing 310 on the battery cell 200, and the elastic thermal pad 500 is located between the casing 310 and the battery cell 200.
  • the elastic thermal pad 500 By configuring the elastic thermal pad 500, the casing 310 can be offset from the mounting frame 400 after the casing 310 and the gap between the battery cells 200 .
  • the elastic thermal pad 500 has strong plasticity, and under the joint action of the mounting frame 400 and the elastic thermal pad 500 , the casing 310 can be installed on the battery cell 200 in a downwardly inclined manner, thereby effectively preventing condensed water from passing through the opening 320 It flows back into the temperature sampling assembly 300 .
  • the use of the elastic thermal pad 500 can absorb the dimensional tolerance between the casing 310 and the battery cell 200 after the casing 310 is installed on the mounting frame 400 .
  • the mounting frame 400 includes a base 410 , a first limiting structure 420 and a second limiting structure 430 , and the base 410 is provided with a through groove 411 for accommodating the housing 310 , the first limiting structure 420 and the second limiting structure 430 are arranged on the base 410, the housing 310 is limited in the through groove 411 by the first limiting structure 420 and the second limiting structure 430, the first limiting structure 420 to The distance from the opening 320 of the housing 310 is greater than the distance from the second limiting structure 430 to the opening 320 of the housing 310, the first limiting structure 420 includes a first limiting portion 421 for pressing the housing 310, and the second limiting structure 430 includes a second limiting portion 431 for pressing the housing 310 , and the first limiting portion 421 is set higher than the second limiting portion 431 .
  • the base 410 is the main structure of the mounting frame 400, which has two functions, one is to provide accommodating space for the housing 310 of the temperature sampling assembly 300, and the other is to provide a mounting space for the first limiting structure 420 and the second limiting structure 430.
  • the foundation, that is, the first limiting structure 420 and the second limiting structure 430 are both disposed on the base 410 .
  • the through groove 411 is a groove structure passing through the upper and lower sides of the base 410 . When the temperature sampling assembly 300 is in the slot 411, it is limited in the horizontal direction.
  • the first limiting structure 420 and the second limiting structure 430 are structures on the base 410 that mainly limit the temperature sampling assembly 300 in the vertical direction.
  • the first limiting portion 421 is a part of the first limiting structure 420 that is in direct contact with the housing 310 so as to limit the housing 310.
  • the second limiting portion 431 is a part of the second limiting structure 430. The part of the housing that is in direct contact with the housing 310 so as to limit the housing 310 .
  • the distance between the first limiting structure 420 and the opening 320 of the casing 310 is greater than the distance between the second limiting structure 430 and the opening 320 of the casing 310, that is, the distance between the first limiting structure 420
  • the opening 320 of the casing 310 is relatively far away, while the second limiting structure 430 is relatively close to the opening 320 of the casing 310 .
  • the first limiting portion 421 is set higher than the second limiting portion 431, and the bottom of the housing 310 is supported by the elastic thermal pad 500, so that the overall housing 310 assumes an inclined posture, so that The opening of the casing 310 is inclined downward.
  • the first limiting structure 420 is a buckle 422 (refer to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 ) or a bead member 423 (refer to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 ).
  • the buckle 422 is a connection structure that can elastically deform when subjected to extrusion, and resettable when the extrusion is removed. After reset, the workpieces can be fixedly installed in a snap-fit manner.
  • the bead member 423 is a connection structure for fixing and installing the workpiece by pressing.
  • the second limiting structure 430 is a buckle 422 or a pressing member 423 .
  • the buckle 422 includes a support portion 424 and a buckle portion 425 located on the upper end of the support portion 424 .
  • the buckle portion 425 is a part of the buckle 422 that is in direct contact with the housing 310 to limit the housing 310 .
  • the support part 424 is a connecting structure between the buckle part 425 and the base 410, wherein the support part 424 can be elastically deformed when it is squeezed, and can be reset when the squeeze is removed.
  • the supporting part 424 may be in the shape of a rod, a plate or a helical structure.
  • the position and height of the temperature sampling assembly 300 are defined by the support portion 424 and the buckle portion 425 of the buckle 422 .
  • the buckle 422 requires fewer steps in the installation of the temperature sampling assembly 300 , which is beneficial to improve the assembly efficiency of the battery 10 .
  • the bead member 423 includes a bead 426 and a connecting piece 427 , and the end of the bead 426 is connected to the base 410 through the connecting piece 427 .
  • the pressing bar 426 is a bar-shaped structure that can exert a pressing force on the shell 310 to fix the shell 310 .
  • the connecting piece 427 is used to connect the bead 426 and the base 410. Specifically, both ends of the bead 426 can be connected and fixed with the base 410 through the connecting piece 427.
  • the connecting piece 427 can be a screw or a quick-plug structure.
  • An elastic heat conduction gasket 500 is provided between the shell 310 and the battery cell 200, and the shell 310 can be pressed against the elastic heat conduction gasket 500 by the pressure of the bead 426.
  • the fixed height of the bead 426 is the fixed height of the shell 310 on the side of the bead 426.
  • the inclination direction of the housing 310 is adjusted by adjusting the pressing depth of the pressing bar 426 .
  • the housing 310 is pressed down by the pressing bar 426 , and the housing 310 presses the elastic thermal pad 500 , and the pressing bar and the elastic thermal pad 500 jointly define the inclination angle of the housing 310 .
  • the connecting member 427 is a screw
  • the height of the adjustment bar can also be adjusted by adjusting the screw-in depth of the screw, so that the downward slope of the opening 320 of the housing 310 can be adjusted.
  • the first limiting structure 420 includes a side plate 428 and a top plate 429 disposed on an upper end of the side plate 428 , and the top plate 429 is the first limiting portion 421 .
  • the side plate 428 and the top plate 429 on the upper end of the side plate 428 are combined, and the shell 310 is installed between the side plate 428 and the top plate 429 , and the combination of the side plate 428 and the top plate 429 together defines the height of the shell 310 away from the opening 320 .
  • the side plate 428 and the top plate 429 together form a structure for installing the shell 310, and the plate-shaped structure has a better fixing effect, and the shell 310 only needs to extend under the top plate 429, thereby omitting the installation link , higher assembly efficiency.
  • side panels 428 are "C" shaped panels.
  • the side plate 428 is a "C"-shaped plate, and the "C"-shaped plate can form a limiting effect on the shell 310 in multiple directions. Under the enveloping effect of the "C"-shaped plate, the shell 310 can be installed more firmly. In addition, the longer connecting line between the "C"-shaped plate and the top plate 429 also makes the first limiting structure 420 have better structural strength and structural rigidity. According to some embodiments of the present application, the top plate 429, the side plate 428 and the base 410 are integrally formed structures.
  • the top plate 429 , the side plate 428 and the base 410 are integrally formed, for example, the integrally formed structure can be directly produced by injection molding. In this way, the installation and connection process between the first limiting structure 420 and the base 410 can be saved, which is beneficial to improve assembly efficiency.
  • the battery 10 further includes an electrical connecting sheet 600
  • the battery cell 200 also includes a pole 210
  • the electrical connecting sheet 600 and the battery cell 200 The mounting frame 400 is pressed and fixed on the surface of the battery cell 200 through the electrical connecting piece 600 .
  • the pole 210 is a component connecting the inside and outside of the battery cell 200 , and one end of the pole 210 is connected to the cell assembly inside the battery cell 200 .
  • the poles 210 can protrude from the end caps of the battery cells 200 , and connect the poles 210 of a plurality of battery cells 200 through the electrical connecting piece 600 , so that the battery cells 200 can be connected in series or in parallel.
  • the electrical connection piece 600 can be a metal piece, which has good electrical conductivity.
  • the electrical connection piece 600 is fixedly connected to the pole 210 of the battery cell 200 , the electrical connection piece 600 is pressed against the surface of the battery cell 200 , and the installation frame 400 is arranged on the electrical connection piece 600 and the battery cell.
  • the surfaces of the body 200 can be used to fix the installation frame 400 , and the installation frame 400 can be fixed by using the electrical connecting sheet 600 that must be used in the battery 10 , which can reduce some fixing procedures.
  • the housing 310 includes a housing bottom plate 311 and a housing top plate 312 , and the housing top plate 312 and the housing bottom plate 311 are not parallel to each other, so that the housing 310 approaches from the end far away from the opening 320 At one end of the opening 320, the area of the cross section gradually decreases.
  • the shell top plate 312 and the shell bottom plate 311 are not parallel, so that the shell 310 as a whole presents a wedge-shaped structure, and the cross-sectional area of the shell 310 gradually decreases from the end far away from the opening 320 to the end close to the opening 320.
  • the casing 310 is installed on the surface of the battery cell 200 to achieve the effect of the opening 320 being inclined downward.
  • the housing bottom plate 311 is disposed in close contact with the surface of the battery cell 200 .
  • the shell 310 Since the shell top plate 312 and the shell bottom plate 311 of the shell 310 are not parallel, the shell 310 itself has the effect that the opening 320 is inclined downward. In this case, the shell 310 can be directly attached to the surface of the battery cell 200 for installation. Specifically, the connection between the casing 310 and the cell 200 of the battery can be realized in various ways such as welding, screw connection, and gluing.
  • the battery 10 includes a temperature sampling assembly 300 and at least one battery cell 200, the temperature sampling assembly 300 includes a housing 310, and one end of the housing 310 is provided with a Opening 320 of wire 350 .
  • the battery 10 also includes a mounting frame 400 and an elastic heat-conducting gasket 500.
  • the mounting frame 400 is connected to the battery cell 200.
  • the elastic heat-conducting gasket 500 is close to the surface of the battery cell 200.
  • the mounting frame 400 is used to install the casing 310, and the elastic heat-conducting
  • the gasket 500 is located between the casing 310 and the battery cell 200 , and under the combined action of the mounting frame 400 and the elastic thermal pad 500 , the casing 310 is fixed on the battery cell 200 in a direction in which the opening 320 is inclined downward.
  • the mounting frame 400 includes a base 410, a first limiting structure 420 and a second limiting structure 430, the base 410 is provided with a through groove 411 for accommodating the housing 310, the first limiting structure 420 and the second limiting structure 430 are arranged on On the base 410, the housing 310 is limited in the through groove 411 by the first limiting structure 420 and the second limiting structure 430, and the distance from the first limiting structure 420 to the opening 320 of the housing 310 is greater than the distance from the second limiting structure 430 to the opening 320 of the housing 310.
  • the first limiting portion 421 is disposed higher than the second limiting portion 431 .
  • Both the first limiting structure 420 and the second limiting structure are buckles 42 .
  • the housing 310 of the temperature sampling assembly 300 is provided with an opening 320, and the opening 320 is used to access the sampling signal line 350.
  • 310 is installed on the battery cell 200 in a downward sloping manner, so that when condensed water in the battery adheres to the surface of the temperature sampling assembly 300 or the surface of the battery cell 200, the opening 320 of the temperature sampling assembly 300 is inclined downward to prevent condensation Water flows back into the housing 310 from the opening 320, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the temperature sampling assembly 300 due to condensed water, thereby improving the stability and service life of the temperature sampling assembly 300 and improving the reliability of the battery 10. sex.
  • the buckle 422 since the buckle 422 has the advantages of simple structure and convenient installation, it is beneficial to improve the installation efficiency of the temperature sampling assembly 300 and also help to save costs.
  • the second aspect of the present application proposes an electric device, including the battery 10 in any embodiment of the above first aspect, wherein the battery 10 is used to provide electric energy for the electric device.
  • the battery includes a temperature sampling assembly 300 and at least one battery cell 200, and the housing 310 of the temperature sampling assembly 300 is provided with an opening 320, and the opening 320 is used to access the sampling signal line 350,
  • the temperature sampling assembly 300 is installed on the battery cell 200 with the opening 320 inclined downward, so that when the condensed water in the battery adheres to the surface of the temperature sampling assembly 300 or the surface of the battery cell 200, the opening 320 of the temperature sampling assembly 300 will The downward slope can prevent condensed water from flowing back into the housing 310 from the opening 320, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the temperature sampling assembly 300 due to condensed water, thereby improving the stability and service life of the temperature sampling assembly 300, and also benefiting Improve the reliability of the battery 10 .
  • the third aspect of the present application proposes a battery manufacturing method, including: providing a temperature sampling assembly 300 and at least one battery cell 200, the temperature sampling assembly 300 includes a casing 310, and one end of the casing 310 is provided with a plug for accessing a sampling signal line The opening 320 , the temperature sampling assembly 300 is installed on the battery cell 200 and the opening 320 is arranged in a downwardly inclined direction.
  • the battery manufactured by the battery manufacturing method in the embodiment of the present application has an opening 320 on the casing 310 of the temperature sampling assembly 300, and the opening 320 is used to access the sampling signal line 350.
  • the downward slope is installed on the battery cell 200, so that when the condensed water in the battery adheres to the surface of the temperature sampling assembly 300 or the surface of the battery cell 200, the opening 320 of the temperature sampling assembly 300 is inclined downward to prevent the condensed water from flowing through the opening 320.
  • the reverse flow into the housing 310 can reduce the risk of the temperature sampling assembly 300 being damaged by condensed water, thereby improving the stability and service life of the temperature sampling assembly 300 and improving the reliability of the battery 10 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

本公开提供一种电池、用电设备及电池的制造方法。其中，电池包括温度采样组件和至少一个电池单体，温度采样组件包括外壳，外壳的一端设置有用于接入采样信号线的开口，温度采样组件安装于电池单体且开口呈向下倾斜的方向设置。根据本申请实施例的电池，温度采样组件的外壳上设置有开口，开口用于接入采样信号线，温度采样组件以开口呈向下倾斜的安装在电池单体上，这样，当电池内产生冷凝水附着于温度采样组件表面或电池单体表面时，温度采样组件开口向下倾斜可防止冷凝水从开口倒流入外壳内部，由此，可以降低温度采样组件因冷凝水而损坏的风险，从而有利于提高温度采样组件的稳定性和使用寿命，也有利于提高电池的可靠性。

Description

电池、用电设备及电池的制造方法 技术领域
本申请涉及动力电池领域，特别是涉及一种电池、用电设备及电池的制造方法。
背景技术
本部分提供的仅仅是与本申请相关的背景信息，其并不必然是现有技术。
在电池技术不断更新以及市场推动下，高能量密度电池在很多领域得到广泛使用，例如电动车辆、船舶等。相关技术中的一些电池，其包括多个电池单体，为了监控电池中电池单体的工作状态，通常在电池中设置采样装置，以便于能够实时测量电池单体的工作参数。其中，温度是电池重要的工作参数之一，因此，在电池中设置温度采样组件是有必要的。当电池所在的环境中的空气湿度较大时，电池单体的表面会形成冷凝水，冷凝水一旦接触到温度采样组件的端子，会有导致温度采样组件损坏的风险。因此，如何降低温度采样组件因冷凝水而损坏的风险，是亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种电池、用电设备及电池的制造方法，以降低电池中的温度采样组件因冷凝水而损坏的风险。具体技术方案如下：
本申请第一方面的实施例提出了一种电池，包括：温度采样组件和至少一个电池单体，温度采样组件包括外壳，外壳的一端设置有用于接入采样信号线的开口，温度采样组件安装于电池单体且开口呈向下倾斜的方向设置。
根据本申请实施例的电池，温度采样组件的外壳上设置有开口，开口用于接入采样信号线，温度采样组件的开口以呈向下倾斜的方式安装在电池单体上，这样，当电池内产生冷凝水附着于温度采样组件表面或电池单体表面时，温度采样组件开口向下倾斜可防止冷凝水从开口倒流入外壳内部界面，由此，可以降低影响温度采样组件因冷凝水而损坏的风险，从而有利于提高温度采样组件的稳定性和使用寿命，也有利于提高电池的可靠性。
在一些实施例中，电池还包括安装架和弹性导热垫片，安装架连接在电池单体上，弹 性导热垫片紧贴电池单体的表面，安装架用于安装外壳，弹性导热垫片位于外壳和电池单体之间，在安装架和弹性导热垫片的共同限定作用下，外壳以开口向下倾斜的方向固定在电池单体上。在安装架和弹性导热垫片的共同作用下，可以使外壳呈向下倾斜的方式安装在电池单体上，从而有效避免冷凝水通过开口回流入温度采样组件内。另外，使用弹性导热垫片可吸收外壳在安装于安装架后，外壳与电池单体之间的尺寸公差。
在一些实施例中，安装架包括底座、第一限位结构和第二限位结构，底座上设置有用于容纳外壳的通槽，第一限位结构和第二限位结构设置在底座上，外壳通过第一限位结构和第二限位结构限制在通槽中，第一限位结构到外壳的开口的距离，大于第二限位结构到外壳的开口的距离，第一限位结构包括用于压持外壳的第一限位部，第二限位结构包括用于压持外壳的第二限位部，第一限位部高于第二限位部设置。第一限位结构距离外壳的开口较远，而第二限位结构距离外壳的开口较近。在此基础上，第一限位部高于第二限位部设置，再加之外壳的底部具有弹性导热垫片作为支撑，由此，使得外壳整体呈现倾斜设置的姿态，使外壳的开口呈向下倾斜。
在一些实施例中，第一限位结构为卡扣或压条构件。由于卡扣和压条构件均具有结构简单、安装方便的优点，因此，有利于提高温度采样组件的安装效率，并且也有利于节约成本。
在一些实施例中，第二限位结构为卡扣或压条构件。由此，也有利于提高温度采样组件的安装效率，并且也有利于节约成本。
在一些实施例中，卡扣包括支撑部和位于支撑部的上端的扣部。通过卡扣的支撑部和扣部的共同限定了温度采样组件的位置和高度，卡扣形式在温度采样组件的安装上步骤更少，有利于提升电池的组装效率。
在一些实施例中，压条构件包括压条和连接件，压条的端部通过连接件连接于底座。通过压条下压外壳，外壳挤压弹性导热垫片，压条和弹性导热垫片共同限定了外壳倾斜角度。另外，当连接件为螺钉时，通过调整螺钉的旋入深度，还可以对调整压条的高度进行调节，从而可调整外壳开口向下倾斜的幅度。
在另一些实施例中，第一限位结构包括侧板和设置在侧板的上端的顶板，顶板为第一限位部。侧板和顶板的共同组成了安装外壳的结构，板状结构固定效果更好，并且，外壳伸入顶板的下方即可，由此省略了安装环节，组装效率更高。
在一些实施例中，侧板为“C”形板。侧板428为“C”形板，“C”形板可以对外壳在多个方向上形成限位作用，在“C”形板的包围作用下，外壳可以安装得更为牢固。另外，“C”形板与顶板之间连接线更长，也使得第一限位结构具有更好的结构强度和结构刚度
在一些实施例中，顶板、侧板和底座为一体成型结构。顶板、侧板和底座为一体成型结构，这样，可节省第一限位结构和底座之间的安装连接过程，有利于提高装配效率。
在一些实施例中，电池还包括电连接片，电池单体还包括极柱，电连接片与电池单体的极柱连接，安装架通过电连接片压固于电池单体的表面。电连接片与电池单体极柱固定连接，电连接片与电池单体表面压紧贴合，将安装架设置在电连接片和电池单体表面之间可起到对安装架固定的作用，利用电池中必须用到的电连接片来固定安装架，可减少了一些固定步骤
在另外一些实施例中，外壳包括外壳底板和外壳顶板，外壳顶板和外壳底板之间不平行，以使外壳由远离开口的一端向靠近开口的一端，横截面的面积逐渐减小。外壳顶板和外壳底板之间不平行，由此，使外壳整体呈现为楔形结构，外壳由远离开口的一端向靠近开口的一端，横截面的面积逐渐减小，此时，外壳安装在电池单体表面上，可实现开口向下倾斜的效果。
在另外一些实施例中，外壳底板贴合电池单体的表面设置。基于外壳的外壳顶板和外壳底板之间不平行，使得外壳自身即具有开口向下倾斜的效果，这种情况下，可以将外壳直接贴合电池单体的表面设置。
本申请第二方面的实施例提出了一种用电设备，其包括上述第一方面任一实施例中的电池，其中电池用于为用电装置提供电能。
根据本申请实施例的用电设备，其中的电池包括温度采样组件和至少一个电池单体，温度采样组件的外壳上设置有开口，开口用于接入采样信号线，温度采样组件以开口呈向下倾斜的安装在电池单体上，这样，当电池内产生冷凝水附着于温度采样组件表面或电池单体表面时，温度采样组件开口向下倾斜可防止冷凝水从开口倒流入外壳内部，由此，可以降低温度采样组件因冷凝水而损坏的风险，从而有利于提高温度采样组件的稳定性和使用寿命，也有利于提高电池的可靠性。
本申请第三方面的实施例提出了一种电池的制造方法，包括：提供温度采样组件和至 少一个电池单体，温度采样组件包括外壳，外壳的一端设置有用于接入采样信号线的开口，温度采样组件安装于电池单体且开口呈向下倾斜的方向设置。
通过本申请实施例中电池的制造方法所制造出的电池，其温度采样组件的外壳上设置有开口，开口用于接入采样信号线，温度采样组件以开口呈向下倾斜的安装在电池单体上，这样，当电池内产生冷凝水附着于温度采样组件表面或电池单体表面时，温度采样组件开口向下倾斜可防止冷凝水从开口倒流入外壳内部，由此，可以降低温度采样组件因冷凝水而损坏的风险，从而有利于提高温度采样组件的稳定性和使用寿命，也有利于提高电池的可靠性。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的实施例。在附图中：
图1为采用本实施例电池的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例的电池的结构示意图；
图3为本申请一些实施例的电池的***图；
图4为本申请一些实施例的电池的结构示意图；
图5为图4所示的电池的局部剖视示意图；
图6为本申请一些实施例的安装架的结构示意图；
图7为本申请另一些实施例的安装架的剖视图；
图8为本申请另一些实施例的安装架的结构示意图；
图9为本申请另外一些实施例温度采样组件的结构示意图。
附图标记如下：
1—车辆，10—电池，20—控制器，30—马达，100—箱体，101—上盖，102—箱壳，200—电池单体，210—极柱；
300—温度采样组件，310—外壳，311—外壳底板，312—外壳顶板，320—开口，350—采样信号线；
400—安装架，410—底座，411—通槽，420—第一限位结构，421—第一限位部，422—卡扣，423—压条构件，424—支撑部，425—扣部，426—压条，427—连接件，428—侧板，429—顶板，430—第二限位结构，431—第二限位部；
500—弹性导热垫片，600—电连接片。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
在电池技术不断更新以及市场推动下，高能量密度电池在很多领域得到广泛使用，例如电动车辆、船舶等。本发明人注意到，随着对电池整体能量密度需求越来越高，将电池单体直接布置在电池箱体内的技术应用越来越广泛。这样的成组技术，可以在有限空间中布置更多的电池单体，提高体积能量密度。电池***中的每个电池单体不可能完全相同，并且，随着使用时间的增加，电池单体之间的差别会越来越大，由于这些差别的存在，使得电池单体的一致性变差，影响电池的整体性能，甚至会由于未采取合理的控制造成严重的起火、***等事故。所以，在电池内会设置对电池单体进行监控的温度采样组件，在发现异常时可以作出及时的控制和处理，达到对电池充放电的保护作用，当发现电池包温度超过安全阈值等变化异常时，发送报警信号进行早期预警，以避免危险发生。
相关技术中的一些温度采样组件，其外壳上设置有用于接入连接线连接口，通过连接线将采样温度以电信号的形式传递至电池管理***，由于其连接口一般为插拔连接，且尺寸空间小，较难做到完全密封，而电池在使用过程中环境温度的变化使电池单体的表面产生冷凝水，冷凝水在重力的作用下，可能会通过连接口流入温度采样组件内部，接触到电连接界面，一旦发生这种情况，就会有导致温度采样组件损坏的风险，进而影响温度采样组件的可靠性。
发明人经过深入研究，提出了一种温度采样组件在电池中的新的安装形式，通过将温度采样组件的连接口一侧以一定角度向下倾斜的方式安装于电池单体上，从而防止冷凝水通过连接口倒流入温度采样组件的电连接界面，有利于提高温度采样组件的工作可靠性，进而有利于提高电池的可靠性。
本申请实施例公开的电池可以但不限用于车辆、船舶或飞行器等用电装置中。用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中，电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
如图1所示，为用电设备车辆1使用本申请实施例的电池的结构示意图，车辆1可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1的内部可以设置马达30、控制器20以及电池10，控制器20用来控制电池10为马达30的供电。例如，在车辆1的底部或车头或车尾可以设置电池10。电池10可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池10可以作为车辆1的操作电源，用于车辆1的电路***，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和运行时的工作用电需求。在本申请的另一实施例中，电池10不仅仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1的驱动电源，替代或部分地替代燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
如图2所示，本申请的实施例所提到的电池10是指包括一个或多个电池单体200以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池10可以包括电池模组或电池包等。电池10一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体200的箱体100。箱体100可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。具体地，箱体100可以包括上盖101和箱壳102，上盖101和箱壳102扣合在一起。上盖101和箱壳102的形状可以根据多个电池单体200组合的形状而定。
多个电池单体200可经由极柱而被串联和/或并联在一起以应用于各种应用场合。在一些诸如电动汽车等的大功率应用场合，电池10的应用包括三个层次：电池单体200、电池模组和电池包。电池模组是为了从外部冲击、热、振动等中保护电池单体，将一定数目的电池单体电连接在一起并放入一个框架中而形成的。电池包则是装入电动汽车的电池***的最终状态。电池包一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。箱体一般由盖体和箱壳组成。目前的大部分电池包是在一个或多个电池模组上装配电池管理***(BMS)、热管理部件等各种控制和保护***而制成的。随着技术的发展，电池模组这个层次可以被省略，也即，直接由电池单体形成电池包。这一改进使得电池***的重量能量密度、体积能量密度得到提升的同时零部件数量显著下降。本申请中所提到的电池包括电池模组或电池包。
本申请中，电池单体200可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体200一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方体方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
请参照图3至图5，本申请第一方面提出了一种电池10。电池10包括温度采样组件300和至少一个电池单体200，温度采样组件300包括外壳310，外壳310的一端设置有用于接入采样信号线350的开口320，温度采样组件300安装于电池单体200且开口320呈向下倾斜的方向设置。
电池单体200为组成电池10的小单元，电池单体200可以包括有端盖、壳体、电芯组件以及其他的功能性部件，例如绝缘层。端盖是指盖合于壳体的开口处以将电池单体200的内部环境隔绝于外部环境的部件，壳体是用于容纳电极组件以形成电池单体200的部件，壳体内还包含电解液以及其他部结构。壳体的材质可以是多种，例如铁壳、铝壳、不锈钢壳等，电极组件是电池单体200中发生电化学反应的部件。壳体内可以包含一个或更多个电极组件。电极组件主要由正极片和负极片卷绕或层叠放置形成，并且通常在正极片与负极片之间设有隔膜。
温度采样组件300是能够对电池单体200的温度信号进行采集的组件，温度采样组件300通过采样信号线350将采集到的温度信息以电信号的形式传输至电池管理***。
采样信号线是指可传输电信号的导线或线缆。
外壳310用于保护温度采样组件300内部的端子以及电子和采样信号线350之间的电连接界面，端子具体可以采用热敏电阻，热敏电阻具有电阻值随温度变化的特性。外壳310可以采用金属外壳，其具有良好的导热性能。当电池单体200的表面温度升高时，电池单体200会将热量传导给温度采样组件300的外壳310，使外壳310温度升高，进而使位于外壳310内的端子的温度升高，从而使端子的电阻值发生变化。
温度采样组件300以开口320呈向下倾斜的方向安装于电池单体200，其中，“下”为重力方向，开口320向下倾斜，这样，电池10中的冷凝水难以通过开口320向温度采样组件300内倒流。
根据本申请实施例的电池，温度采样组件300的外壳310上设置有开口320，开口320 用于接入采样信号线350，温度采样组件300以开口320呈向下倾斜的安装在电池单体200上，这样，当电池内产生冷凝水附着于温度采样组件300表面或电池单体200表面时，温度采样组件300开口320向下倾斜可防止冷凝水从开口320倒流入外壳310内部，由此，可以降低温度采样组件300因冷凝水而损坏的风险，从而有利于提高温度采样组件300的稳定性和使用寿命，也有利于提高电池10的可靠性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，电池10还包括安装架400和弹性导热垫片500，安装架400连接在电池单体200上，弹性导热垫片500紧贴电池单体200的表面，安装架400用于安装外壳310，弹性导热垫片500位于外壳310和电池单体200之间，在安装架400和弹性导热垫片500的共同限定作用下，外壳310以开口320向下倾斜的方向固定在电池单体200上。
安装架400为用于将温度采样组件300安装于电池单体200上的支架结构。
弹性导热垫片500为具有弹性和良好导热特性的垫片，其安装在电池单体200和外壳310之间，可以将电池单体200的热量传递给外壳310。
安装架400将外壳310固定在电池单体200上，弹性导热垫片500位于外壳310和电池单体200之间，通过配置弹性导热垫片500，可抵消外壳310安装在安装架400上后外壳310和电池单体200间的空隙。弹性导热垫片500可塑性较强，在安装架400和弹性导热垫片500的共同作用下，可以使外壳310呈向下倾斜的方式安装在电池单体200上，从而有效避免冷凝水通过开口320回流入温度采样组件300内。另外，使用弹性导热垫片500可吸收外壳310在安装于安装架400后，外壳310与电池单体200之间的尺寸公差。
请参照图5至图6，根据本申请的一些实施例，安装架400包括底座410、第一限位结构420和第二限位结构430，底座410上设置有用于容纳外壳310的通槽411，第一限位结构420和第二限位结构430设置在底座410上，外壳310通过第一限位结构420和第二限位结构430限制在通槽411中，第一限位结构420到外壳310的开口320的距离，大于第二限位结构430到外壳310的开口320的距离，第一限位结构420包括用于压持外壳310的第一限位部421，第二限位结构430包括用于压持外壳310的第二限位部431，第一限位部421高于第二限位部431设置。
底座410为安装架400的主体结构，其具有两方面的作用，一是为温度采样组件300的外壳310提供容置空间，二是为第一限位结构420和第二限位结构430提供安装基础，即第 一限位结构420和第二限位结构430均设置在底座410上。
通槽411为贯通底座410上、下两面的槽结构。温度采样组件300处于通槽411中时，其在水平方向上被限位。
第一限位结构420和第二限位结构430为底座410上的主要对温度采样组件300在竖直方向上起到限位作用的结构。其中，第一限位部421为第一限位结构420中的与外壳310直接接触从而对外壳310起到限位作用的部分，同样地，第二限位部431为第二限位结构430中的与外壳310直接接触从而对外壳310起到限位作用的部分。
根据本申请实施例的电池，第一限位结构420到外壳310的开口320的距离，大于第二限位结构430到外壳310的开口320的距离，也就是说，第一限位结构420距离外壳310的开口320较远，而第二限位结构430距离外壳310的开口320较近。在此基础上，第一限位部421高于第二限位部431设置，再加之外壳310的底部具有弹性导热垫片500作为支撑，由此，使得外壳310整体呈现倾斜设置的姿态，使外壳310的开口呈向下倾斜。
根据本申请的一些实施例，第一限位结构420为卡扣422(参考图5、图6)或压条构件423(参考图7、图8)。
卡扣422为受到挤压作用时可发生弹性变形、卸除挤压作用时可复位的连接结构，当复位以后能够以卡接的方式实现工件之间固定安装。
压条构件423为通过压紧的方式对工件进行固定安装的连接结构。
由于卡扣422和压条构件423均具有结构简单、安装方便的优点，因此，有利于提高温度采样组件300的安装效率，并且也有利于节约成本。
根据本申请的一些实施例，第二限位结构430为卡扣422或压条构件423。
由此，也有利于提高温度采样组件300的安装效率，并且也有利于节约成本。
请参照图5至图6，根据本申请的一些实施例，卡扣422包括支撑部424和位于支撑部424的上端的扣部425。
扣部425为卡扣422上的与外壳310直接接触从而对外壳310起到限位作用的部分。
支撑部424为位于扣部425和底座410之间的连接结构，其中，支撑部424在受到挤压作 用时可发生弹性变形、卸除挤压作用时可复位。支撑部424可以是杆状、板状或螺旋状结构。
通过卡扣422的支撑部424和扣部425的共同限定了温度采样组件300的位置和高度，卡扣422形式在温度采样组件300的安装上步骤更少，有利于提升电池10的组装效率。
请参照图7至图8，根据本申请的一些实施例，压条构件423包括压条426和连接件427，压条426的端部通过连接件427连接于底座410。
压条426为可对外壳310施加压持力从而对外壳310进行固定的条状结构。
连接件427用于连接压条426与底座410，具体地，压条426的两端可通过连接件427与底座410连接固定，连接件427可以是螺钉或快插结构。在外壳310与电池单体200间设置弹性导热垫片500，通过压条426压力可将外壳310压向弹性导热垫片500，压条426的固定高度即为外壳310位于压条426一侧的固定高度，通过调整压条426下压深度调整外壳310的倾斜方向。
通过压条426下压外壳310，外壳310挤压弹性导热垫片500，压条和弹性导热垫片500共同限定了外壳310倾斜角度。另外，当连接件427为螺钉时，通过调整螺钉的旋入深度，还可以对调整压条的高度进行调节，从而可调整外壳310开口320向下倾斜的幅度。
根据本申请的另一些实施例，第一限位结构420包括侧板428和设置在侧板428的上端的顶板429，顶板429为第一限位部421。
其中，侧板428和侧板428上端的顶板429组合，外壳310安装在侧板428和顶板429间，侧板428和顶板429组合共同限定了外壳310远离开口320一侧的高度。
根据本申请的实施例，侧板428和顶板429的共同组成了安装外壳310的结构，板状结构固定效果更好，并且，外壳310伸入顶板429的下方即可，由此省略了安装环节，组装效率更高。
根据本申请的一些实施例，侧板428为“C”形板。
侧板428为“C”形板，“C”形板可以对外壳310在多个方向上形成限位作用，在“C”形板的包围作用下，外壳310可以安装得更为牢固。另外，“C”形板与顶板429之间连接线更长，也使得第一限位结构420具有更好的结构强度和结构刚度。根据本申请的一些实施 例，顶板429、侧板428和底座410为一体成型结构。
顶板429、侧板428和底座410为一体成型结构，例如通过注塑的方式可直接制作出该一体成型结构。这样，可节省第一限位结构420和底座410之间的安装连接过程，有利于提高装配效率。
请参照图3、图4、图6以及图8，根据本申请的一些实施例，电池10还包括电连接片600，电池单体200还包括极柱210，电连接片600与电池单体200的极柱210连接，安装架400通过电连接片600压固于电池单体200的表面。
极柱210为连通电池单体200内外的部件，极柱210的一端与电池单体200内部的电芯组件连接。极柱210可以从电池单体200端部的端盖凸出，将多个电池单体200的极柱210通过电连接片600连接，从而可以实现电池单体200的串联或并联。电连接片600可以为金属片，其具有良好的导电特性。
根据本申请的实施例，电连接片600与电池单体200极柱210固定连接，电连接片600与电池单体200表面压紧贴合，将安装架400设置在电连接片600和电池单体200表面之间可起到对安装架400固定的作用，利用电池10中必须用到的电连接片600来固定安装架400，可减少一些固定程序。
根据本申请的另外一些实施例，如图9所示，外壳310包括外壳底板311和外壳顶板312，外壳顶板312和外壳底板311之间不平行，以使外壳310由远离开口320的一端向靠近开口320的一端，横截面的面积逐渐减小。
外壳顶板312和外壳底板311之间不平行，由此，使外壳310整体呈现为楔形结构，外壳310由远离开口320的一端向靠近开口320的一端，横截面的面积逐渐减小，此时，外壳310安装在电池单体200表面上，可实现开口320向下倾斜的效果。
根据本申请的一些实施例，外壳底板311贴合电池单体200的表面设置。
基于外壳310的外壳顶板312和外壳底板311之间不平行，使得外壳310自身即具有开口320向下倾斜的效果，这种情况下，可以将外壳310直接贴合电池单体200的表面设置。具体地，可以通过焊接、螺钉连接、胶合等多种方式实现外壳310与电池的单体200之间的连接。
请参照图3至图6，根据本申请的一些实施例，电池10包括温度采样组件300和至少一 个电池单体200，温度采样组件300包括外壳310，外壳310的一端设置有用于接入采样信号线350的开口320。电池10还包括安装架400和弹性导热垫片500，安装架400连接在电池单体200上，弹性导热垫片500紧贴电池单体200的表面，安装架400用于安装外壳310，弹性导热垫片500位于外壳310和电池单体200之间，在安装架400和弹性导热垫片500的共同限定作用下，外壳310以开口320向下倾斜的方向固定在电池单体200上。安装架400包括底座410、第一限位结构420和第二限位结构430，底座410上设置有用于容纳外壳310的通槽411，第一限位结构420和第二限位结构430设置在底座410上，外壳310通过第一限位结构420和第二限位结构430限制在通槽411中，第一限位结构420到外壳310的开口320的距离，大于第二限位结构430到外壳310的开口320的距离，第一限位结构420包括用于压持外壳310的第一限位部421，第二限位结构430包括用于压持外壳310的第二限位部431，第一限位部421高于第二限位部431设置。第一限位部结构420和第二限位结构均为卡扣42。
根据本申请实施例的电池，温度采样组件300的外壳310上设置有开口320，开口320用于接入采样信号线350，在安装架400和弹性导热垫片500的共同作用下，可以使外壳310呈向下倾斜的方式安装在电池单体200上，这样，当电池内产生冷凝水附着于温度采样组件300表面或电池单体200表面时，温度采样组件300开口320向下倾斜可防止冷凝水从开口320倒流入外壳310内部，由此，可以降低温度采样组件300因冷凝水而损坏的风险，从而有利于提高温度采样组件300的稳定性和使用寿命，也有利于提高电池10的可靠性。另外，由于卡扣422具有结构简单、安装方便的优点，因此，有利于提高温度采样组件300的安装效率，并且也有利于节约成本。
本申请第二方面提出了一种用电设备，包括上述第一方面任一实施例中的电池10，其中，电池10用于为用电装置提供电能。
根据本申请实施例的用电设备，其中的电池包括温度采样组件300和至少一个电池单体200，温度采样组件300的外壳310上设置有开口320，开口320用于接入采样信号线350，温度采样组件300以开口320呈向下倾斜的安装在电池单体200上，这样，当电池内产生冷凝水附着于温度采样组件300表面或电池单体200表面时，温度采样组件300开口320向下倾斜可防止冷凝水从开口320倒流入外壳310内部，由此，可以降低温度采样组件300因冷凝水而损坏的风险，从而有利于提高温度采样组件300的稳定性和使用寿命，也有利于提高电池10的可靠性。
本申请第三方面提出了一种电池的制造方法，包括：提供温度采样组件300和至少一 个电池单体200，温度采样组件300包括外壳310，外壳310的一端设置有用于接入采样信号线的开口320，温度采样组件300安装于电池单体200且开口320呈向下倾斜的方向设置。
通过本申请实施例中电池的制造方法所制造出的电池，其温度采样组件300的外壳310上设置有开口320，开口320用于接入采样信号线350，温度采样组件300以开口320呈向下倾斜的安装在电池单体200上，这样，当电池内产生冷凝水附着于温度采样组件300表面或电池单体200表面时，温度采样组件300开口320向下倾斜可防止冷凝水从开口320倒流入外壳310内部，由此，可以降低温度采样组件300因冷凝水而损坏的风险，从而有利于提高温度采样组件300的稳定性和使用寿命，也有利于提高电池10的可靠性。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种电池，其特征在于，包括：
    至少一个电池单体；
    温度采样组件，所述温度采样组件包括外壳，所述外壳的一端设置有用于接入采样信号线的开口，所述温度采样组件安装于所述电池单体且所述开口呈向下倾斜的方向设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述电池还包括安装架和弹性导热垫片，所述安装架连接在所述电池单体上，所述弹性导热垫片紧贴所述电池单体的表面，所述安装架用于安装所述外壳，所述弹性导热垫片位于所述外壳和所述电池单体之间；
    在所述安装架和所述弹性导热垫片的共同限定作用下，所述外壳以所述开口向下倾斜的方向固定在所述电池单体上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池，其特征在于，所述安装架包括底座、第一限位结构和第二限位结构，所述底座上设置有用于容纳所述外壳的通槽，所述第一限位结构和所述第二限位结构设置在所述底座上，所述外壳通过所述第一限位结构和所述第二限位结构限制在所述通槽中，所述第一限位结构到所述外壳的所述开口的距离，大于所述第二限位结构到所述外壳的所述开口的距离；
    所述第一限位结构包括用于压持所述外壳的第一限位部，所述第二限位结构包括用于压持所述外壳的第二限位部，所述第一限位部高于所述第二限位部设置。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池，其特征在于，所述第一限位结构为卡扣或压条构件。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的电池，其特征在于，所述第二限位结构为卡扣或压条构件。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的电池，其特征在于，所述卡扣包括支撑部和位于所述支撑部的上端的扣部；
    所述压条构件包括压条和连接件，所述压条的端部通过连接件连接于所述底座。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的电池，其特征在于，所述第一限位结构包括侧板和设置在所述侧板的上端的顶板，所述顶板为所述第一限位部。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池，其特征在于，所述侧板为“C”形板，并且/或者，所 述顶板、所述侧板和所述底座为一体成型结构。
  9. 根据权利要求2至8中任一项所述的电池，其特征在于，所述电池还包括电连接片，所述电池单体还包括极柱，所述电连接片与所述电池单体的所述极柱连接，所述安装架通过所述电连接片压固于所述电池单体的表面。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述外壳包括外壳底板和外壳顶板，所述外壳顶板和所述外壳底板之间不平行，以使所述外壳由远离所述开口的一端向靠近所述开口的一端，横截面的面积逐渐减小。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池，其特征在于，所述外壳底板贴合所述电池单体的表面设置。
  12. 一种用电设备，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的电池。
  13. 一种电池的制造方法，其特征在于，包括：
    提供至少一个电池单体；
    温度采样组件，所述温度采样组件包括外壳，所述外壳的一端设置有用于接入采样信号线的开口，所述温度采样组件安装于所述电池单体且所述开口呈向下倾斜的方向设置。
PCT/CN2021/142466 2021-12-29 2021-12-29 电池、用电设备及电池的制造方法 WO2023123047A1 (zh)

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