WO2023119875A1 - Procédé de production de combustible de biomasse solide - Google Patents

Procédé de production de combustible de biomasse solide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023119875A1
WO2023119875A1 PCT/JP2022/040462 JP2022040462W WO2023119875A1 WO 2023119875 A1 WO2023119875 A1 WO 2023119875A1 JP 2022040462 W JP2022040462 W JP 2022040462W WO 2023119875 A1 WO2023119875 A1 WO 2023119875A1
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Prior art keywords
biomass
solid fuel
producing
exploded
pellets
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PCT/JP2022/040462
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
拓也 古園
悠輔 武田
直毅 河本
フィリップ ジェームズ スカルゾ
ドーン バートホールド アシューエールス ヴァン
デービッド ヒール
Original Assignee
出光興産株式会社
マースハッパイ ウィルヘルミナ エヌ ヴィー
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Publication of WO2023119875A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023119875A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing biomass solid fuel.
  • Coal-fired power plants have high CO2 emissions per emission unit and have a high environmental impact.
  • biomass co-combustion in which biomass is mixed with coal and burned, is attracting attention.
  • Co-firing of wood chips and wood pellets has already been carried out, but the maximum co-firing ratio of biomass is only a few percent because biomass is less pulverizable than coal.
  • a method for producing a solid fuel is disclosed, which is characterized by treating the solid fuel, followed by roasting under conditions of an oxygen concentration of 10% or less and a temperature of 170 to 350°C.
  • the fuel ratio (fixed carbon / volatile matter) is 0.2 to 0.8
  • the anhydrous base higher heating value is 4800 to 7000 (kcal / kg)
  • the molar ratio O of oxygen O and carbon C /C is 0.1 to 0.7
  • the molar ratio H/C of hydrogen H and carbon C is 0.8 to 1.3.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,900,004 discloses a method for producing pellets or briquettes from lignin-containing material, comprising the steps of transferring said lignin-containing material having a moisture content of less than 30% by weight into a reactor; heating and pressurizing the lignin-containing material to 180-235° C. by injecting into the reactor, and maintaining the material in the reactor for 1-12 minutes to release lignin. , removing said material from said reactor into an atmospheric pressure environment; and pressing substantially all of said processed material to form pellets or briquettes in a press. ing.
  • Patent Document 4 a pretreatment step of sealing and indirectly heating the raw biomass and steam blasting the raw biomass with the moisture contained in the raw biomass to generate pulverized biomass, and the pulverized biomass
  • a method for producing fuel biomass comprising a slurrying step of washing with water to produce a slurry biomass, and a filtration step of filtering the slurry biomass to produce a solid biomass.
  • biomass is semi-carbonized or steam-exploded to obtain a solid fuel with improved pulverizability and co-firing ratio with coal.
  • a hydrophobic solid fuel (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "black pellet") is obtained by semi-carbonizing or steam blasting biomass.
  • Solid fuel can be stored outdoors. However, when black pellets are stored outdoors, elution of organic components (chemical oxygen demand (COD)) is a concern. Coal has almost no elution of organic components, but black pellets do have elution of organic components, so there is concern about the impact on the environment when stored outdoors.
  • COD chemical oxygen demand
  • Patent Document 1 does not consider the elution of organic components, and does not assume the risk of outdoor storage.
  • the biomass solid fuel described in Patent Literature 2 exhibits a relatively high COD value because the manufacturing process has not been sufficiently studied.
  • the method described in Patent Document 3 has not been sufficiently studied for reducing chlorine and alkali components. In the case of the fuel biomass production method described in Patent Document 4, steam explosion is performed using the moisture contained in the raw material biomass, so many chlorine and alkali components are thought to remain in the fuel biomass.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a biomass solid fuel production method capable of producing a biomass solid fuel with reduced elution of COD and further reduced elution of chlorine and alkali components.
  • a step of steam-exploding biomass to obtain an exploded biomass a post-washing step of washing the exploded biomass after the steam explosion, and a drying step of drying the washed exploded biomass a step of molding the dried exploded biomass to obtain biomass pellets; and a pellet heating step of heating the biomass pellets at 180° C. or higher for 5 minutes or longer.
  • the method for producing a biomass solid fuel it is preferable to have a pre-cleaning step of cleaning the biomass before the step of obtaining the exploded biomass.
  • an addition step of adding the fine powder of the exploded biomass generated in the post-washing step to the exploded biomass is molded.
  • the steam explosion is preferably performed in a sealed container under saturated steam at 100°C or higher and 300°C or lower and 0.1 MPa or higher and 9.0 MPa or lower.
  • the pellet heating step preferably heats the biomass pellets at 180° C. or higher for 5 minutes or more and 60 minutes or less in an atmosphere with an oxygen concentration of 5% by mass or less. .
  • the COD of the biomass pellets after performing the pellet heating step is 1/3 of the COD of the biomass pellets before performing the pellet heating step. It is preferable to carry out the pellet heating step as follows.
  • the biomass is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of woody biomass, herbaceous biomass, agricultural residue biomass, and palm biomass. .
  • the COD of the produced biomass solid fuel is 500 mg/L or less, and the chlorine contained in the produced biomass solid fuel is 500 mg/kg or less. and potassium is preferably 1000 mg/kg or less.
  • a biomass solid fuel manufacturing method capable of manufacturing a biomass solid fuel with reduced COD elution and further reduced chlorine and alkali components.
  • the numerical range represented using “to” means a range including the numerical value described before “to” as the lower limit and the numerical value described after “to” as the upper limit. do.
  • the method for producing a biomass solid fuel according to the present embodiment includes a step of steam blasting biomass to obtain blasted biomass, and after steam blasting, the blasted biomass is a washing step after washing; a drying step of drying the washed exploded biomass; a step of molding the dried exploded biomass to obtain biomass pellets; and a pellet heating step for heating.
  • the production method of the present embodiment has a post-cleaning step of cleaning biomass after steam explosion (exploded biomass).
  • post-washed biomass is subjected to a post-washing step.
  • the significance of performing the post-cleaning step will be explained. It is thought that the destruction of plant cell membranes by steam explosion treatment facilitates the removal of impurities such as chlorine and alkaline components contained in the cell membranes. Due to the treatment with steam, some of the alkaline components, etc., migrate to the steam side during the treatment. In order to further remove these alkaline components, etc., washing with water, etc., after the steam explosion treatment (that is, post-washing).
  • herbaceous biomass and agricultural residue contain a large amount of chlorine and alkaline components (especially potassium), so the implementation of the post-washing process is more effective when using these biomass (herbaceous biomass and agricultural residue). . Therefore, according to the production method of the present embodiment, it is considered that the chlorine and alkaline components contained in the biomass can be sufficiently removed by performing the post-cleaning step. Furthermore, in the production method of the present embodiment, after the biomass pellets are formed using the washed and exploded biomass, a pellet heating step is performed in which the biomass pellets are heated under predetermined conditions. By carrying out this pellet heating step, a biomass solid fuel with significantly reduced COD elution can be obtained.
  • the biomass solid fuel obtained by the production method of the present embodiment is a fuel with reduced COD elution and reduced chlorine and alkali components.
  • the step of obtaining the exploded biomass is a step of steam blasting the biomass to obtain the exploded biomass.
  • Steam explosion involves steaming biomass in a closed container such as a pressure vessel with high-temperature, high-pressure saturated steam for a short period of time, then rapidly releasing it to atmospheric pressure, cooling it rapidly, and adiabatically expanding the biomass structure ( In the case of wood, it refers to a process that destroys the wood structure).
  • the shape of biomass used for steam explosion is not particularly limited.
  • the shape of the biomass includes, for example, the shape of the biomass itself (for example, empty palm fruit clusters, etc.), chip-like, elongated, powder-like, irregular shape, and the like.
  • the biomass used in the steam explosion may be the biomass in the obtained state or the biomass after pulverizing the obtained biomass into an arbitrary shape and size. For example, empty palm fruit clusters and the like can be used as they are obtained.
  • the biomass is pulverized and semi-carbonized by steam explosion. For example, when the biomass is chip-shaped biomass (biomass chips), the biomass chips are pulverized into biomass powder by steam explosion. The resulting biomass powder (exploded biomass) is in a semi-carbonized state.
  • the temperature of steam explosion is preferably 100°C or higher and 300°C or lower, more preferably 100°C or higher and 280°C or lower.
  • the steam explosion pressure is preferably 0.1 MPa or more and 9.0 MPa or less, more preferably 1.0 MPa or more and 6.5 MPa or less.
  • the steam explosion time is preferably 10 minutes or more and 60 minutes or less, more preferably 15 minutes or more and 30 minutes or less.
  • the steam explosion is preferably performed in a sealed container under saturated steam at 100° C. or higher and 300° C. or lower and 0.1 MPa or higher and 9.0 MPa or lower. It is more preferable to carry out under saturated steam of 1.0 MPa or more and 6.5 MPa or less.
  • the size of biomass obtained in the step of obtaining exploded biomass varies depending on the size and shape of biomass used for steam explosion.
  • the major axis diameter of the biomass powder obtained in the step of obtaining the exploded biomass is preferably 1000 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 500 ⁇ m or less.
  • the major axis diameter means the maximum diameter.
  • the major axis diameter of the biomass powder means the maximum length of a straight line connecting any two points on the outer contour of the biomass powder.
  • the post-washing step is a step of washing the exploded biomass after steam explosion.
  • a biomass solid fuel with sufficiently reduced chlorine and alkali components can be obtained.
  • ash adhesion which is a concern during combustion in a boiler, is less likely to occur.
  • corrosion which is a concern when burned in a boiler, is less likely to occur.
  • the time for washing the exploded biomass is preferably 5 minutes or more and 60 minutes or less, more preferably 10 minutes or more and 30 minutes or less.
  • the number of washings is not particularly limited. Washing can be performed using a known washing apparatus. As the washing water, a known washing liquid such as water or hot water can be used.
  • the ratio (mass ratio) of the alkali component contained in the blasted biomass after the post-cleaning step to the alkaline component contained in the biomass before the post-cleaning step is determined by the following formula (Equation 1). It is preferable to perform the operation so as to satisfy the following formula (Equation 2), and more preferably to perform the operation so as to satisfy the following formula (Equation 2).
  • the alkaline component is potassium. Requirements that satisfy the following formula (equation 1) or formula (equation 2) include, for example, the flow rate of cleaning water, the cleaning time, the number of cleanings, and the amount of biomass to be cleaned.
  • the drying step is a step of drying the washed exploded biomass.
  • the drying step is a step of adjusting the water content of the blasted biomass by drying the water adhering to the biomass in the post-washing step.
  • the drying step may be natural drying or heat drying.
  • the drying temperature and drying time in the drying step are appropriately selected depending on the biomass species and size of the exploded biomass. For example, the drying time of the exploded biomass is preferably 30 minutes or longer.
  • the water content of the exploded biomass obtained in the drying step is preferably 10% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less.
  • the step of obtaining biomass pellets is a step of obtaining biomass pellets by molding the dried exploded biomass.
  • pellets include briquettes.
  • the size and shape of the pellets are not particularly limited, but the pellets are usually cylindrical and preferably have a diameter of 5 mm or more and 10 mm or less and a length of 5 mm or more and 50 mm or less.
  • the biomass pellet can be produced by extruding the blasted biomass through a metal hole (for example, a diameter of 5 mm or more and 10 mm or less and a length of 5 mm or more and 50 mm or less).
  • biomass pellets can be produced, for example, using a pelletizer such as a ring die system or a flat die system.
  • Biomass pellets can also be produced, for example, by molding them into charcoal briquettes or cylinders using a briquette machine.
  • the pellet heating step is a step of heating the biomass pellets at 180° C. or higher for 5 minutes or longer.
  • the biomass pellets are preferably heated at 190 ° C. or higher for 5 minutes or longer, more preferably at 200 ° C. or higher for 5 minutes or longer, and 205 ° C. or higher for 5 minutes. It is more preferable to heat for 5 minutes or more, more preferably 210° C. or more for 5 minutes or more.
  • the upper limit temperature in the pellet heating process is from the viewpoint of ensuring well-balanced properties required for fuel (for example, HGI, higher calorific value, bulk density, and mechanical durability) while reducing COD elution.
  • the time (heating time) for heating the biomass pellets at 180 ° C. or higher is preferably 240 minutes or less, more preferably 120 minutes or less, further preferably 60 minutes or less, from the viewpoint of reducing COD elution in a short time. minutes or less, more preferably 50 minutes or less, more preferably 40 minutes or less.
  • the heating time of the biomass pellets means the sum of the time from 180° C. to the target temperature and the holding time at the target temperature.
  • the target temperature is the temperature of the heating device into which the biomass pellets are introduced.
  • the heating time of the biomass pellets is from 180° C.
  • the time to reach 230° C. (10 minutes) and the holding time at 230° C. (0 minutes) are added together to give 10 minutes.
  • the target temperature may be referred to as the reached temperature.
  • the pellet heating step it is preferable to heat to a target temperature at a temperature increase rate of 3° C./min or more and 60° C./min or less (preferably 3° C./min or more and 30° C./min or less).
  • the target temperature (reaching temperature) is preferably 270° C. or lower, more preferably 265° C. or lower, and even more preferably 260° C. or lower.
  • the target temperature is 270° C. or lower, the elution of COD can be reduced, the effect can be more expressed, and the heating time of the biomass pellets can be significantly shortened.
  • the atmosphere in the pellet heating process preferably has a low oxygen concentration.
  • the oxygen concentration is preferably 5% by mass or less, and more preferably 3% by mass or less.
  • the low oxygen concentration atmosphere in the pellet heating step include an inert gas atmosphere.
  • the inert gas atmosphere include at least one inert gas atmosphere selected from nitrogen gas, argon gas, carbon dioxide gas, and combustion exhaust gas.
  • the pellet heating step it is preferable to heat the biomass pellets at 180 ° C. or more for 5 minutes or more and 60 minutes or less in an atmosphere with an oxygen concentration of 5 mass% or less, and the biomass pellets are heated to 180 ° C. or more in an atmosphere with an oxygen concentration of 5 mass% or less. It is more preferable to heat the biomass pellets at 180° C. or higher for 5 minutes or more and 50 minutes or less in an atmosphere with an oxygen concentration of 3% by mass or less.
  • the COD of the biomass pellets after the pellet heating step is 1/3 or less of the COD of the biomass pellets before the pellet heating step.
  • the ratio of the COD (unit: mg / L) of the biomass pellet after performing the pellet heating process to the COD (unit: mg / L) of the biomass pellet before performing the pellet heating process is more preferably 1/5 or less, more preferably 1/7 or less, and still more preferably 1/10 or less. be.
  • Pre-washing process In the production method of the present embodiment, it is preferable to have a pre-cleaning step of cleaning the biomass before the step of obtaining the exploded biomass.
  • the pre-cleaning step is mainly performed to remove contaminants adhering to the biomass. It should be noted that the pre-washing step can also remove chlorine and alkaline components to some extent.
  • the biomass cleaning time is preferably 5 minutes or more and 60 minutes or less, more preferably 10 minutes or more and 30 minutes or less. Washing conditions in the pre-washing step are not particularly limited. The washing conditions for the pre-washing step may be the same as or different from those for the post-washing step.
  • the manufacturing method of the second embodiment will be described with a focus on differences from the first embodiment, and the description of the same items will be omitted or simplified by, for example, assigning the same reference numerals.
  • the production method of the second embodiment is the first embodiment in that it has an addition step of adding the fine powder of the exploded biomass generated in the post-washing step to the exploded biomass before the step of obtaining the biomass pellets. Different from the manufacturing method of the form. Other than this, the manufacturing method is the same as the manufacturing method of the first embodiment. That is, in the step of obtaining biomass pellets in the manufacturing method of the second embodiment, the blasted biomass to which the fine powder has been added is molded.
  • a biomass solid fuel with reduced COD elution and reduced chlorine and alkali components can be obtained.
  • the fine powder (fine powder of the blasted biomass) generated in the post-washing step is considered to function as a binder. Therefore, according to the manufacturing method of the second embodiment, by adding the fine powder to the blasted biomass and molding the biomass pellets, the moldability is improved and the biomass pellets that are difficult to collapse can be obtained. In addition, fine powder that can be discarded can be effectively used.
  • biomass fine powder generated in the post-cleaning step
  • Biomass fine powder is obtained, for example, by passing washing waste generated in the post-washing step through a screen and then pressing.
  • the size of biomass fine powder is adjusted according to the size of pellets to be molded, but is usually in the order of millimeters. It is preferable that the biomass fine powder has an adjusted moisture content.
  • Methods for adjusting the moisture content of the biomass fine powder include, for example, a method of heating and drying the biomass fine powder, or a method of naturally drying the biomass fine powder.
  • the biomass fine powder is added so that the ratio of the exploded biomass and the biomass fine powder (exploded biomass: biomass fine powder) is 99.5: 0.5 to 90.0: 10.0 in terms of mass ratio. It is preferably added to the exploded biomass.
  • the ratio (exploded biomass: biomass fine powder) is more preferably 99.0: 1.0 to 93.0: 7.0, more preferably 98.0: 2.0 to 95.0: 5.0 is more preferred.
  • the ratio (exploded biomass:biomass fine powder) is 99.5:0.5 to 90.0:10.0 in mass ratio, biomass pellets that are more difficult to disintegrate can be obtained.
  • Step of obtaining biomass pellets In the production method of the second embodiment, the step of obtaining biomass pellets is a step of molding the explosively crushed biomass to which biomass fine powder has been added.
  • a biomass pellet can be produced by the same method as in the first embodiment.
  • the production method of the embodiment preferably has a first pulverizing step of pulverizing the biomass before the step of obtaining the exploded biomass.
  • One mode of pulverization in the first pulverization step includes a mode of pulverizing the obtained biomass into a shape (for example, chip shape, long shape, etc.) that can be easily introduced into the steam explosion device.
  • the pulverization method is not particularly limited, and biomass can be pulverized into chips, elongated shapes, and the like using a known pulverizer.
  • the size of the chips is not particularly limited, for example, when pulverizing woody biomass into chips, the major axis diameter is preferably 5.0 cm or less, more preferably 1.0 cm or less.
  • the production method of the embodiment has a second pulverizing step of pulverizing the exploded biomass after the step of obtaining the exploded biomass.
  • One aspect of pulverization in the second pulverization step is to further pulverize the exploded biomass when relatively large-sized biomass (for example, major axis diameter on the order of several tens of centimeters) is subjected to steam explosion.
  • Pre-drying process In the production method of the embodiment, it is preferable to have a pre-drying step of drying the biomass before the step of obtaining the exploded biomass.
  • the pre-drying step is a step of drying the biomass and adjusting the moisture content of the biomass.
  • the washing conditions in the pre-drying step may be the same as or different from those in the post-drying step.
  • the water content of the biomass obtained in the pre-drying step is preferably 10% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less.
  • the pre-drying step by drying the biomass so that the water content of the biomass is 10% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less, saturated steam is likely to be evenly contained in each biomass during steam explosion. Steam explosion is expected. Therefore, by performing the pre-drying step, it is possible to obtain exploded biomass having more uniform properties in the subsequent step of obtaining exploded biomass.
  • the production method of the embodiment may have a pre-cleaning step of cleaning the biomass before the step of obtaining the exploded biomass.
  • the pre-washing step is preferably performed before the first drying step. By performing the pre-cleaning step, the chlorine and alkaline components adhering to the surface of the biomass can be removed.
  • the manufacturing method of the above embodiment may have at least one of a first pulverizing step, a second pulverizing step, a pre-drying step, and a pre-cleaning step, if necessary. It is preferable to carry out the manufacturing method of the first embodiment or the second embodiment in the following order. • A step of obtaining blasted biomass, a post-washing step, a drying step, a step of obtaining biomass pellets, and a pellet heating step. - A pre-drying step, a step of obtaining exploded biomass, a second crushing step, a post-washing step, a drying step, a step of obtaining biomass pellets, and a pellet heating step.
  • a pre-drying step a step of obtaining exploded biomass, a second crushing step, a post-washing step, a drying step, an adding step, a step of obtaining biomass pellets, and a pellet heating step.
  • biomass examples include, but are not limited to, woody biomass, herbaceous biomass, agricultural residue biomass, palm biomass, cellulose products, and pulp products.
  • crop residue biomass means anything other than the edible parts.
  • palm biomass means palm agricultural waste that can be biomass fuel.
  • the biomass is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of woody biomass, herbaceous biomass, agricultural residue biomass, and palm biomass.
  • woody biomass examples include coniferous trees (e.g., cedar, pine, eucalyptus, cypress, fir, etc.), and broadleaf trees (e.g., birch, beech, zelkova, katsura, paulownia, rubber tree, camphor, etc.). mentioned.
  • the woody biomass may be construction waste (for example, cut scraps, chips generated in processing plants, sawdust, etc.), forestry residue, thinned wood, bamboo, and the like.
  • Herbaceous biomass includes, for example, grasses, naturally grown plants, and artificially planted plants.
  • the herbaceous biomass may be hemp, cotton, rice straw, rice husk, wheat straw, bamboo grass, napier grass, sorghum, pampas grass, and the like.
  • Agricultural residue biomass includes, for example, leaves, fruit bunches, stems, roots, and other non-edible parts of agricultural crops.
  • Examples of agricultural products include wheat, corn, potatoes, sugar cane (including bagasse), and bananas.
  • Palm biomass includes, for example, palm kernel shell (PKS), empty fruit bunch (EFB), and palm trunk.
  • PKS palm kernel shell
  • EFB empty fruit bunch
  • palm trunk The biomass described above may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
  • the biomass solid fuel obtained by the production method of the above embodiment may contain components other than biomass as long as the effects of the present embodiment are not impaired.
  • Other components include, but are not limited to, binders and various additives.
  • Binders include, for example, lignin and acrylic acid amide.
  • the content of the binder in the biomass solid fuel is preferably 0% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, more preferably 0% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less.
  • the biomass solid fuel obtained by the manufacturing method of the embodiment can be widely used in power plants, steelworks, factories, and the like.
  • the biomass solid fuel of the above embodiment may be used by being burned alone, or may be mixed with other fuel such as coal and burned (mixed combustion).
  • the biomass solid fuel may be pulverized by a pulverizer and introduced into the boiler, or depending on the size, it may be introduced into the boiler as it is. It is also preferable to use a biomass solid fuel mixed with coal.
  • the biomass solid fuel may be pulverized by a pulverizer other than the coal pulverizer (for example, a pulverizer for biomass solid fuel), mixed with separately pulverized coal, and introduced into the boiler.
  • a pulverizer other than the coal pulverizer for example, a pulverizer for biomass solid fuel
  • the mode of use of the biomass solid fuel is not limited to the above.
  • the biomass solid fuel of the third embodiment is obtained by the biomass solid fuel manufacturing method according to the first embodiment or the second embodiment.
  • the COD of the biomass solid fuel is 500 mg/L or less
  • the chlorine contained in the biomass solid fuel is 500 mg/kg or less
  • the potassium content is 1000 mg/kg or less. be.
  • the elution of COD can be reduced, and the chlorine and alkali components can be reduced.
  • the COD of the biomass solid fuel of the third embodiment is preferably 300 mg/L or less, more preferably 100 mg/L or less.
  • the method for measuring COD is as described in Examples.
  • the chlorine contained in the biomass solid fuel of the third embodiment is preferably 300 mg/kg or less, more preferably 200 mg/kg or less.
  • Potassium contained in the biomass solid fuel of the third embodiment is preferably 800 mg/kg or less, more preferably 600 mg/kg or less.
  • Tables 1 and 2 show the properties of EFB chips, which are the raw materials of Examples and Reference Examples.
  • the lower heating value is a value measured according to JIS M8814 (2003).
  • the fuel ratio is "fixed carbon/volatiles".
  • the calorific value of dry base (DB) represents the calorific value in a dry state.
  • AD and "ad” are abbreviations for Air Dry Basis, and represent an air-dried base, which is dried in the atmosphere.
  • AR indicates arrival basis.
  • db indicates a dry basis.
  • daf indicates an anhydrous ashless base.
  • ash indicates ash base.
  • “-” means not detected.
  • ⁇ 0.005" means "less than 0.005".
  • Example 1 Oil-extracted empty palm fruit bunches (oil-extracted EFB) obtained by squeezing oil from empty palm fruit bunches were used as biomass. A biomass solid fuel was produced according to the procedure of the production method described in the first embodiment.
  • Pre-washing process The pre-oiled EFB (500 kg) was pre-washed using a washing device. The retention time of the oil-extracted EFB in the washing device was 15 minutes.
  • Step of obtaining exploded biomass The pre-washed, deoiled EFB was introduced into a steam explosion device (pressure vessel) connected to a steam boiler. Saturated steam generated in a steam boiler was introduced into a steam explosion device, and the expeller EFB was steam exploded with the saturated steam under the preferred conditions of temperature, pressure and time described in the embodiment. After that, it was rapidly released to the atmospheric pressure and cooled to obtain powdery exploded EFB.
  • a steam explosion device pressure vessel
  • Saturated steam generated in a steam boiler was introduced into a steam explosion device, and the expeller EFB was steam exploded with the saturated steam under the preferred conditions of temperature, pressure and time described in the embodiment. After that, it was rapidly released to the atmospheric pressure and cooled to obtain powdery exploded EFB.
  • Step of obtaining biomass pellets Using a pelletizer, the exploded EFB was compression molded to obtain cylindrical biomass pellets (diameter 6 mm, maximum height 40 mm).
  • Example 2 and 3 The temperature reached in the pellet heating step was raised at a temperature increase rate of 5 ° C./min until the temperature shown in Table 3 was reached, and then the temperature was maintained (heated) for 30 minutes. Same as in Example 1.
  • the biomass solid fuels of Examples 2 and 3 were obtained by the method of.
  • Comparative Example 1 A biomass solid fuel of Comparative Example 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the pellet heating step was not performed.
  • Reference Example 1 An EFB chip having properties shown in Tables 1 and 2 was used as Reference Example 1. Note that the EFB chip is the chip that was obtained. In Table 3, "-" in the physical property, HGI and COD columns indicates that they were not measured.
  • the immersion water used for COD measurement conforms to the "Method for Examining Metals Contained in Industrial Waste (Environment Agency Notification No. 13 of 1973)" and conducts a 6-hour shaking test to prepare wastewater. prepared by the method.
  • the COD concentration in the prepared immersion water was measured with a simple COD meter (COD-60A) manufactured by Toa DKK.
  • COD concentration in the black pellet immersion water was measured by an official method (JIS K0102 (2016)), and a regression equation was obtained from the correlation with the measurement results with this device. From the regression equation, a measured value converted to the designated measurement method was obtained.
  • HGI Hard Grove Grindability Index
  • Examples 1 to 3 are comparative examples. Compared to 1, the elution of COD (mg/L) was significantly reduced. Among them, in Examples 2 and 3 in which the heating process was performed at the reaching temperatures of 210° C. and 230° C., compared with Comparative Example 1, the elution of COD was reduced to 1/10 or less.
  • HGI higher heating value, mechanical durability and bulk density
  • the biomass solid fuel obtained by the production method of the present invention can be used in power plants, steelworks, factories, etc.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de production d'un combustible de biomasse solide qui comprend une étape dans laquelle de la biomasse est soumise à une explosion de vapeur pour obtenir une biomasse explosée, une étape de post-lavage dans laquelle la biomasse explosée est lavée après explosion de vapeur, une étape de séchage dans laquelle la biomasse explosée lavée est séchée, une étape dans laquelle la biomasse explosée séchée est moulée pour obtenir des granulés de biomasse, et une étape de chauffage de granulés dans laquelle les granulés de biomasse sont chauffés à 180 °C ou plus pendant cinq minutes ou plus.
PCT/JP2022/040462 2021-12-24 2022-10-28 Procédé de production de combustible de biomasse solide WO2023119875A1 (fr)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005239907A (ja) * 2004-02-27 2005-09-08 Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd バイオマス半炭化燃料の製造方法及び装置
JP2012512270A (ja) * 2008-12-15 2012-05-31 ジルカ バイオマス フュールズ エルエルシー ペレット又はブリケットの製造方法
WO2014087949A1 (fr) * 2012-12-05 2014-06-12 宇部興産株式会社 Biocombustible solide
JP2018048280A (ja) * 2016-09-23 2018-03-29 株式会社Ihi 燃料バイオマスの製造方法、及び燃料バイオマス製造装置、並びにボイラ装置
JP2018154721A (ja) * 2017-03-17 2018-10-04 日本製紙株式会社 固体燃料の製造方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005239907A (ja) * 2004-02-27 2005-09-08 Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd バイオマス半炭化燃料の製造方法及び装置
JP2012512270A (ja) * 2008-12-15 2012-05-31 ジルカ バイオマス フュールズ エルエルシー ペレット又はブリケットの製造方法
WO2014087949A1 (fr) * 2012-12-05 2014-06-12 宇部興産株式会社 Biocombustible solide
JP2018048280A (ja) * 2016-09-23 2018-03-29 株式会社Ihi 燃料バイオマスの製造方法、及び燃料バイオマス製造装置、並びにボイラ装置
JP2018154721A (ja) * 2017-03-17 2018-10-04 日本製紙株式会社 固体燃料の製造方法

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