WO2023116557A1 - 一种氢动力车及其氢动力*** - Google Patents

一种氢动力车及其氢动力*** Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023116557A1
WO2023116557A1 PCT/CN2022/139476 CN2022139476W WO2023116557A1 WO 2023116557 A1 WO2023116557 A1 WO 2023116557A1 CN 2022139476 W CN2022139476 W CN 2022139476W WO 2023116557 A1 WO2023116557 A1 WO 2023116557A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
air
box
storage device
hydrogen storage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/139476
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周蝉鸣
孙继胜
卢成超
孙秀芳
钱程
岑健
Original Assignee
永安行科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202111573735.XA external-priority patent/CN116279931A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202111573729.4A external-priority patent/CN116278825A/zh
Application filed by 永安行科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 永安行科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023116557A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023116557A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
    • B62J17/00—Weather guards for riders; Fairings or stream-lining parts not otherwise provided for
    • B62J17/10—Ventilation or air guiding devices forming part of fairings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
    • B62J43/00—Arrangements of batteries
    • B62J43/10—Arrangements of batteries for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
    • B62J43/00—Arrangements of batteries
    • B62J43/20—Arrangements of batteries characterised by the mounting
    • B62J43/28—Arrangements of batteries characterised by the mounting hidden within the cycle frame
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
    • B62J50/00—Arrangements specially adapted for use on cycles not provided for in main groups B62J1/00 - B62J45/00
    • B62J50/30—Means for ventilation within devices provided on the cycle, e.g. ventilation means in a battery container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the application field of hydrogen energy, in particular to a hydrogen powered vehicle and a hydrogen powered system thereof.
  • the method adopted in the prior art is that the air inlet is provided with an air inlet waterproof membrane, but this will have a certain impact on the air intake of the air-cooled passage.
  • the present invention provides a hydrogen-powered vehicle and its hydrogen-powered system to solve the problems involved in the background technology.
  • the present invention firstly provides a hydrogen power system, including:
  • the box body is arranged on the vehicle
  • the air inlet is arranged on the windward side of the box body, and a deflector is arranged in front of the air inlet;
  • the air outlet is arranged on the leeward side of the box
  • the fuel cell is placed on the air duct formed by the air inlet and the air outlet in the box.
  • the tank is located at a standpipe of the vehicle.
  • the height of the box relative to the ground is greater than 30cm.
  • a fan is provided at or near the air outlet.
  • the wind deflector is fastened to the windward side of the box body through buckles or bolts on the inner side, and fixed to the box body through screws or bolts on the bottom, forming an integral body.
  • the shroud includes:
  • the main body part the middle part of which is adapted to the outline of the riser of the vehicle, and the two sides extend toward the two sides of the windward side of the box body;
  • Ventilation openings are arranged on both sides of the main body and are aligned with the air inlets;
  • the air guiding part is arranged on the upper part of the ventilation opening, and is bent downwards and extends to cover the upper half of the ventilation opening.
  • the air outlets are or approximate to a honeycomb distribution.
  • the bottom of the fuel cell is provided with an elastic member, and is installed on the separator of the box through the elastic member.
  • the hydrogen power system further includes: a rechargeable battery arranged inside the box and distributed diagonally to the fuel cell.
  • the present invention also provides a hydrogen powered vehicle, comprising:
  • a frame including a down tube for connecting the handlebars to the pedals, a riser tube for mounting the seat plate, and other frame tubes; the down tube, riser tube, and frame tube are interconnected to form a rigid structure such that the frame does not change geometry under a predetermined load;
  • a hydrogen storage device used to store hydrogen gas, is installed in the hollow pipe of the lower pipe in a predetermined direction; a hydrogen supply pipeline connected to the hydrogen storage device is arranged inside the lower pipe;
  • the hydrogen power system includes a box arranged at the standpipe, a fuel cell arranged inside the box and connected to a hydrogen supply pipeline; and drive system power supply.
  • the hydrogen storage device includes: a bottle body, a protective cover arranged on the lower half of the bottle body, and a plurality of reinforcing ribs arranged on one side or circumferential direction of the bottle body;
  • the inner surface of the lower tube is provided with a plurality of grooves matching the reinforcing ribs; a cover is movably installed on the upper part of the lower tube, and an elastic layer is arranged inside the cover;
  • the reinforcing rib fits into the groove, and the elastic layer is against the upper surface of the bottle body.
  • the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen storage is provided with a quick disassembly device, and is connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline through the quick disassembly device;
  • the quick disassembly device includes: a quick-install male connector, a quick-install female connector, a toggle button, a clip block and a pull cord;
  • the quick-install female connector is provided with an air circuit opening and closing slide suitable for matching with the quick-install male connector. block;
  • the clamp block is fixed on the opening and closing slider of the air circuit;
  • the toggle button is set on the installation equipment of the quick-fit female joint; one end of the pull rope is connected to the clamp block, and the other end is connected to the eccentric of the toggle button positional connection; when the toggle button is turned, the air path opening and closing slider is driven by the pull rope and the clip block to move to the end away from the quick-installation male connector.
  • the lower half of the hydrogen storage is covered with a layer of electric heating paper.
  • a plurality of internally and externally penetrating heat dissipation holes are arranged on the protective cover.
  • the bottom of the bottle body is provided with a first terminal, and the first terminal includes a heating port and a temperature control port, respectively connected to the electric heating paper and the temperature sensor;
  • the bottom of the down tube is provided with a base, and the base is provided with a second terminal, and the second terminal is connected with the power module and the control module;
  • the second terminal When the hydrogen storage device is placed in the down tube, the second terminal is inserted into the first terminal to form an electrical connection.
  • an air inlet is provided on the windward side of the box
  • an air outlet is provided on the leeward side of the box
  • the fuel cell is placed in the box by the wind formed by the air inlet and the air outlet. on the road;
  • a shroud is arranged in front of the air inlet.
  • the wind deflector is fastened with the windward side of the box body through buckles or bolts on the inside to form an integral body, and the riser runs through the whole body formed by the wind deflector and the box body.
  • the shroud includes:
  • the main body part the middle part of which is adapted to the outline of the riser of the vehicle, and the two sides extend toward the two sides of the windward side of the box body;
  • Ventilation openings are arranged on both sides of the body part and are aligned with the air inlets;
  • the air guiding part is arranged on the upper part of the ventilation opening, and is bent downwards and extends to cover the upper half of the ventilation opening.
  • the hydrogen power system further includes: a rechargeable battery; the rechargeable battery is arranged inside the box and is diagonally distributed to the fuel cell.
  • the invention relates to a hydrogen-powered vehicle and its hydrogen-powered system. Compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects:
  • the present invention installs the hydrogen storage device in the hollow pipe of the downpipe of the hydrogen-powered vehicle, and installs the hydrogen power system on the standpipe to convert the hydrogen energy of the fuel cell into electric energy to supply power for the drive system.
  • the entire system is rationally laid out , Compact structure, maximizing the use of frame space.
  • the present invention can effectively prevent the rotation and displacement of the hydrogen storage device in the inner casing of the lower tube by fitting the reinforcing rib into the groove; the elastic layer is in contact with the upper surface of the hydrogen storage device, thereby To fix the bottle body and prevent the bottle body from shaking; realize the directional positioning function of the hydrogen storage device.
  • the quick-installation female joint and the quick-installation male joint can be quickly separated, and the quick disassembly and assembly of the hydrogen storage device is realized.
  • the operator takes away the hydrogen storage device, he only needs to operate the dial to turn the hydrogen storage device, which greatly improves the work efficiency.
  • electric heating paper is arranged outside the bottle body to increase the temperature inside the hydrogen storage device, realize the temperature control function, and improve the hydrogen output efficiency of the hydrogen storage device.
  • a protective cover is provided outside the electric heating paper. On the one hand, it is used to fix the electric heating paper, so as to prevent the electric heating paper from directly contacting the lower tube and causing abrasion. On the other hand, during the hydrogen discharge process, it can Play the effect of heat preservation.
  • a plurality of heat dissipation holes are provided in the protective cover. Since a large amount of heat is generated during the hydrogen charging process, the hydrogen storage device can be directly placed in the cooling water during the hydrogen charging process, and the cooling water will flow in the heat dissipation holes. Flow channels are formed between them to improve heat dissipation efficiency.
  • the power supply of the electric heating paper on the hydrogen storage can be realized, and on the other hand, the hydrogen storage can be oriented and installed on the inside the downtube.
  • a deflector is provided at the air inlet, and the deflector can play the role of drainage and waterproof, and the cold wind can still pass through the opening below the deflector and enter the inside of the box to form a complete air duct without will affect heat dissipation.
  • the present invention not only improves the aesthetics of the entire power system and standpipe, but also realizes the anti-theft function by first fixing the entire shroud from the inside, and finally fixing it at the bottom with screws.
  • the hinge joint of the cover plate can be hidden by the shroud, which has a certain anti-theft function.
  • the present invention prevents the splashed rainwater from entering the shroud when the hydrogen-powered vehicle passes through the puddle, causing water to enter the fuel cell. Water overflows and enters the tank.
  • the air flow through the fuel cell can be further increased, and the cooling efficiency can be improved.
  • the air outlets of the present invention are arranged in or approximate to a honeycomb distribution to ensure that the air outlets can completely cover the leeward side of the entire cabinet, so that the heat dissipation efficiency is the highest.
  • a spring member is provided below the fuel cell of the present invention, and the partition plate of the box is fixed by the elastic member to play the role of shock absorption and ensure the normal operation of the fuel cell.
  • the present invention improves the cold air exchange efficiency and the cooling efficiency under the premise of ensuring rainproof by designing the structure of the air deflector.
  • the present invention reduces the overlapping degree of the fuel cell and the rechargeable battery by diagonally arranging the rechargeable battery, and improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the entire power system. And by planning the power supply of the rechargeable battery and the fuel cell to the drive system, the stability of the hydrogen-powered vehicle is further improved.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the vehicle frame of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a hydrogen storage device in the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of the quick disassembly device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the first terminal in the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the second terminal in the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a partially enlarged view of the base of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the hydrogen power system in the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the shroud in the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of another wind deflector in the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the cover plate in Fig. 11 .
  • Reference numerals are: frame 100, down tube 110, riser 120, cover 130, elastic layer 131, groove 111, electronic lock 140, base 150, limit rail 151, through hole 152, first gap 153, elastic member 160, positioning column 161, spring 162, second terminal 170, second notch 171, mounting plate 180, limit chute 181;
  • Hydrogen storage device 200 bottle body 210, bottom 211 of the bottle body, reinforcing rib 220, first terminal 230, first protrusion 231, second protrusion 232; wheel 251;
  • Quick disassembly device 300 quick-install female connector 310, air path opening and closing slider 311, toggle button 321, clamp block 322, adapter 340, guide frame 350, quick-install male connector 360;
  • Hydrogen power system 400 box body 410, windward side 411, leeward side 412, air inlet 413, air outlet 414, partition 415, fuel cell 420, fan 430, rechargeable battery 440, shroud 450, main body 451, ventilation Mouth 452 , guide part 453 , cover plate 454 .
  • a hydrogen-powered vehicle includes: a vehicle frame 100, a hydrogen storage device 200, a hydrogen power system 400, a control system and a drive system.
  • described vehicle frame 100 comprises the down tube 110 that is used to connect handlebar and pedal, is used to install the riser 120 of seat plate, and other several vehicle frame 100 tubes; Described down tube 110, The riser tube 120 and the frame 100 tubes are interconnected to form a rigid structure such that the frame 100 does not change its geometry under a predetermined load.
  • the hydrogen storage device 200 is used to store hydrogen, and is installed in the hollow pipe of the down pipe 110 in a predetermined direction. Due to the limited space of the hydrogen-powered vehicle, in this embodiment, the hydrogen storage device 200 adopts a metal powder hydrogen storage method, which has the advantages of small size and low cost, and is widely used in the hydrogen storage industry.
  • the hydrogen storage device 200 includes a bottle body 210, a protective cover 240 arranged outside the bottle body, and a plurality of reinforcing ribs 220 arranged on one side or circumferential direction of the protective cover 240
  • the inner surface of the lower tube 110 is provided with a plurality of grooves 111 that match the ribs 220; a cover 130 is movably installed on the upper part of the lower tube 110, and the inner side of the cover 130 is provided with elastic Layer 131; the elastic layer 131 is made of elastic colloidal material.
  • the reinforcing rib 220 is fitted into the groove 111 , and the elastic layer 131 is against the upper surface of the bottle body 210 .
  • the cover 130 is hinged to the upper surface of the lower tube 110 to form an openable or closed cavity, which is convenient for users or workers to take out and place the hydrogen storage device 200 .
  • An electronic lock 140 is provided between the cover body 130 and the down tube 110 to lock the cover body 130 to form an accommodating cavity.
  • the reinforcing rib 220 is disposed on one side or a part of the circumference of the protective cover 240 , rather than forming a complete circle along the circumference of the protective cover 240 .
  • the reinforcing rib 220 is a circular arc of ⁇ /4 ⁇ , and is arranged on one side of the protective cover 240.
  • the device 200 rotates and relatively displaces in the inner shell of the lower tube 110 .
  • a hydrogen supply pipeline connected to the hydrogen storage device 200 is arranged inside the down pipe 110, and hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen power system 400 through the hydrogen supply pipeline.
  • the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen storage device 200 is provided with a quick disassembly device 300 , and is connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline through the quick disassembly device 300 .
  • described quick dismounting device 300 comprises: pressure reducing valve 250, quick-fit male joint 360, quick-fit female joint 310, joint quick separator, adapter 340 and guide frame 350;
  • the connector 360 is arranged at one end of the hydrogen supply pipeline, and the quick-fit female connector 310 communicates with the hydrogen storage device 200 through the decompression valve 250 .
  • the pressure reducing valve 250 is a manual valve.
  • the spool of the pressure reducing valve 250 is fixedly connected with a runner through a rotating shaft. The rotation of the runner drives the rotation of the valve core to control the opening and closing of the pressure reducing valve 250 .
  • the quick-install female connector 310 is provided with an air passage opening and closing slider 311 adapted to cooperate with the quick-install male connector 360 .
  • the joint quick disconnector is linked with the air path opening and closing slider 311, so that the air path opening and closing slider 311 has at least two states of locking the quick-installation male connector 360 and releasing the quick-installation male connector 360.
  • the joint quick disconnector includes a toggle button 321, a clamping block 322 and a pull cord (not shown in the figure).
  • the dial button 321 is rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft of the pressure reducing valve 250, and no additional rotating shaft for supporting the dial button 321 is required, which not only reduces the cost, but also makes the appearance more beautiful.
  • the clamping block 322 is fixed on the air path opening and closing slider 311 .
  • One end of the stay rope is connected to the clamp block 322, and the other end is connected to the eccentric position of the toggle button 321; when the toggle button 321 rotates, the drawstring and the clamp block 322 drive the air circuit opening and closing slider 311 away from the quick-install male connector 360
  • the stay rope is preferably a steel wire rope.
  • the adapter 340 is connected between the quick-fit female connector 310 and the pressure reducing valve 250 .
  • the end of the adapter 340 close to the quick-install female connector 310 is parallel to the length direction of the bottle body 210 , so that the quick-install female connector 310 is arranged parallel to the length of the bottle body 210 , which facilitates the installation of the hydrogen storage device 200 .
  • the outlet direction of the pressure reducing valve 250 is perpendicular to the length direction of the bottle body 210
  • the adapter 340 in this embodiment is L-shaped.
  • a pressure detection device is provided on the side of the decompression valve 250 facing away from the outlet direction. When the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage device 200 is insufficient, it is convenient to replace the hydrogen storage device 200 in time.
  • the pressure detection device includes a pressure gauge, a pressure sensor and the like.
  • the guide frame 350 is fixed on the adapter 340, and the guide frame 350 is provided with a wire hole, and the middle part of the stay rope passes through the wire hole, so that the end of the stay rope close to the air path opening and closing slider 311 is connected with the end of the air path opening and closing slider 311.
  • the moving direction is parallel, so that it is convenient for the pull rope to pull the opening and closing slider 311 of the air circuit.
  • the hydrogen storage device 200 adopts the metal powder hydrogen storage method, when the hydrogen storage device 200 releases hydrogen, it needs to absorb a lot of heat. Therefore, the lower half of the hydrogen storage device 200 is covered with a layer of electric heating paper At the same time, a temperature sensor is arranged on the outer surface of the bottle body 210 to detect the temperature of the hydrogen storage device 200 bottle body, and the temperature sensor is far away from the electric heating paper to ensure that the temperature detected by the sensor is more realistic value.
  • the elastic layer 131 is preferably made of silica gel or foam, which can not only fix the hydrogen storage device 200 , but also play a role of heat preservation and improve the hydrogen output efficiency of the hydrogen storage device 200 .
  • a protective cover 240 is provided outside the bottle body 210 , and the electric heating paper is arranged between the hydrogen storage bottle and the protective cover 240 .
  • the protective cover 240 is used to fix the electric heating paper, so as to prevent the electric heating paper from directly contacting the lower tube 110 and causing abrasion; on the other hand, during the hydrogen discharge process, it can play The effect of heat preservation.
  • the hydrogen storage device 200 releases hydrogen, a large amount of heat will be generated.
  • water cooling is generally used to cool down the hydrogen storage device 200 . Therefore, a plurality of cooling holes 241 penetrating inside and outside are arranged on the protective cover 240 .
  • the hydrogen storage device 200 can be directly placed in the cooling water, and the cooling water will form a flow channel between the heat dissipation holes 241 to improve heat dissipation efficiency.
  • the selection of the shape of the heat dissipation hole 241 should consider not only the thermal insulation performance, but also the heat dissipation performance, and the requirement for the thermal insulation performance is greater than the requirement for the heat dissipation performance.
  • the result of repeated tests by the R&D personnel is that the heat dissipation holes 241 adopt a circular hole layout, which can meet the premise of ensuring the heat preservation effect, and will not affect the cooling effect of the water cooling.
  • the protective cover 240 is made of wear-resistant materials, such as nylon, POM plastic and so on.
  • the bottom 211 of the bottle body is provided with a first terminal 230, and the first terminal 230 includes a heating port and a temperature control port, respectively connected to the electric heating paper and the temperature sensor.
  • the bottom of the down tube 110 is provided with a base 150, the base 150 is provided with a through hole 152, the second terminal 170 is fixedly mounted on the through hole 152, and the second terminal 170 is connected with the power module and the control module ;
  • the power module can be a rechargeable battery or a fuel cell 420 built into the hydrogen-powered vehicle.
  • one side of the base 150 is a plane, and the limit guide rail 151 is formed on the plane protruding outward; the bottom of the accommodating cavity is provided with The mounting plate 180 , one side of the mounting plate 180 protrudes upwards to form another plane, and a limiting chute 181 matched with the limiting guide rail 151 is arranged on the other plane.
  • the plane cooperates with another plane, and the position-limiting guide rail 151 cooperates with the position-limiting chute 181 to realize the positioning of the hydrogen storage device 200 and avoid the relative rotation of the hydrogen storage device 200 . It can slide upwards along the limit sliding groove 181.
  • the installation orientation of the hydrogen storage device 200 needs to be further positioned.
  • the bottom of the base 150 is provided with a first notch 153, and the bottom 211 of the bottle body is provided with The first protrusion 231 that fits the first notch 153; the second terminal 170 is provided with a second notch 171, and the first terminal 230 is provided with a second notch 171 that fits. raised 232 .
  • the cooperation of the second notch 171 and the second protrusion 232 ensures the consistency of the installation direction of the hydrogen storage device 200 and ensures that the second terminal 170 can be completely inserted into the The interior of the first terminal 230 is described above.
  • both the first terminal 230 and the second terminal 170 are magnet-type joints, that is to say, the first terminal 230 and the second terminal 170 are provided with magnet pieces that magnetically attract each other.
  • the magnetic connection between the hydrogen storage bottle and the down tube 210 is realized, further playing the role of fixing the hydrogen storage device 200 .
  • the first terminal 230 and the second terminal 170 are connected magnetically, they are still connected flexibly. During the driving of the hydrogen-powered vehicle, bumps often occur, which may easily cause the first terminal 230 and the second terminal 170 are detached, and even the second terminal 170 is deformed. Therefore, there is a predetermined gap between the base 150 and the base 150 of the down tube 110 , and the elastic member 160 is disposed in the predetermined gap.
  • the elastic member 160 includes: a plurality of positioning columns 161, which are evenly distributed on the base 150, and protrude downward from the base 150; a plurality of springs 162, one end of which is fixed on the positioning column 161, The other end is against the mounting plate 180 .
  • the elastic member 160 can facilitate the operator to install and disassemble the hydrogen storage device 200; and the magnetic connection between the first terminal 230 and the second terminal 170, the matching relationship between the rib 220 and the groove 111, and the elastic layer 131 and The pressure on the upper surface of the bottle body 210 works together to fix the hydrogen storage device 200 and absorb shock.
  • an air-cooled fuel cell 420 is used, and a vent 452 is provided in the box where the fuel cell 420 is placed to form an air-cooled passage.
  • the air vent 452 is in direct contact with the outside, rainwater and dust will enter into the fuel cell 420 storage box, affecting the normal operation of the fuel cell 420 .
  • the box body 410 is fixed to the standpipe 120 of the vehicle, and since the standpipe 120 is used for installing the seat plate, it will be inclined backward at a certain angle. Therefore, the box body 410 is also tilted backward at a certain angle to match the standpipe 120 .
  • the front of the box body 410 is the windward side 411
  • the rear of the box body 410 is the leeward side 412
  • the windward side 411 of the box body 410 is the cover plate of the box body 410
  • An air inlet is provided on the cover plate
  • an air outlet 414 is provided on the leeward surface 412 of the box body 410 , so that an air duct is formed inside the box body 410 .
  • the fuel cell 420 is placed on the air duct formed by the air inlet 413 and the air outlet 414 in the box 410 .
  • cold air enters the box body 410 from the air inlet 413 , contacts the fuel cell 420 , and then flows out through the air outlet 414 to cool down the fuel cell 420 .
  • the windward side 411 of the box body 410 is provided with an air inlet 413, and the leeward side 412 of the box body 410 is provided with an air outlet 414.
  • the fuel cell 420 is placed in the box body 410 by the air inlet 413 and the air outlet. 414 formed on the air duct; and in front of the air inlet 413 is provided with a guide cover 450 . Referring to FIG.
  • the wind deflector 450 includes: a main body 451 , an air vent 452 and a deflector 453 .
  • the middle part of the main body part 451 is adapted to the profile of the standpipe 120 of the vehicle, and the two sides of the main body part 451 extend toward both sides of the windward surface 411 of the box body 410; on the side, and is aligned with the air inlet 413; the guide part 453 is arranged on the upper part of the air inlet 452, and is bent downward and protrudes outward to cover the upper half of the air inlet 452, but does not Does not affect the ventilation effect of the lower half.
  • the rainwater is blocked by the guide part 453 and flows down along both sides of the guide part 453, and will not enter the inside of the box body 410, affecting the normal operation of the fuel cell 420.
  • the cold air can still be conducted
  • the opening below the flow portion 453 enters the inside of the box body 410 to form a complete air duct.
  • the straight line where the bottom of the diversion portion 453 is located forms an acute angle of 45°-65° with the horizontal line.
  • the rainwater can flow down along the diversion portion 453 and fall at the bottom without entering the ventilation hole; on the other hand , can reduce the impact of the cold air flow on the bottom of the air guide part 453, reduce the energy loss of the air flow, and increase the air flow velocity. At the same time, at this angle, it can play a good rainproof and ventilation effect.
  • the bottom end surface of the deflector 453 is preferably arc-shaped, and since the riser is generally inclined, the angle between the tangent at any point on the bottom end surface of the deflector 453 and the horizontal plane is less than 65°. °, the cold air gradually becomes larger along the guide part 453 and enters the air passage of the air inlet 413 through the vent 452.
  • the turbulent flow caused by the sudden change in the cross-sectional area makes the flow of cold air more stable, reduces the turbulence of the air flow, and increases the air exchange flow and cooling efficiency under the same negative pressure.
  • the wind deflector 450 includes: a body part 451, the middle part of which is adapted to the contour of the standpipe 120 of the vehicle, and two sides extend toward both sides of the windward surface 411 of the box body 410, And there are installation grooves on both sides; the cover plate 454 is installed on the installation groove by buckling; the air vents 452 are evenly distributed on the cover plate 454 and are opposite to the air inlet 413
  • the guide part 453 is arranged on the upper part of the vent 452, and is bent downward and protrudes outward to cover the upper part of the vent 452, but does not affect the ventilation effect of the lower part.
  • the space formed between the wind deflector 450 and the windward surface 411 of the box body 410 is adapted to the standpipe 120, and the box body 410 and the wind deflector 450 can be fixed on the standpipe 120. superior.
  • the shroud 450 can hide the hinge of the cover, and has a certain anti-theft function.
  • a damper is provided at the hinge of the cover to slow down the abrupt closing and opening of the cover.
  • the wind deflector 450 is fastened to the windward surface 411 of the box body 410 through buckles or bolts on the inner side, and fixed to the box body 410 through screws or bolts on the bottom, forming an integral body.
  • the standpipe 120 runs through the whole formed by the shroud 450 and the box body 410 , and the box body 410 and the shroud 450 are fixedly installed on the standpipe 120 . Since the entire wind deflector 450 is first fixed from the inside, the screws cannot be seen from the outside, and finally it is fixed on the bottom with screws. On the one hand, it improves the aesthetics of the entire power system and the standpipe 120; on the other hand, for the general public, It is difficult to find the position of the connection between the deflector and the box body 410 from the outside, which increases the difficulty for criminals to steal and further ensures the safety of the fuel cell 420 .
  • the height of the box body 410 relative to the ground is increased, and the height of the box body 410 relative to the ground is greater than 30 cm.
  • the fuel cell 420 is flooded, and at the same time, when not riding, it can also prevent the accumulated water from overflowing and entering the box.
  • the fuel cell is located on the upper part of the box body 410 , even if a small amount of rainwater enters the box body 410 or when the vehicle passes through the water accumulation area, it will not affect the power supply system of the fuel cell 420 .
  • a fan 430 is provided at the air outlet 414 or near the air outlet 414, so that the air flow through the fuel cell 420 can be further increased and the heat dissipation efficiency can be improved, and when the fan 430 is close to the air outlet 414 When , the air exhaust rate is the highest, preventing the backflow of hot air, improving the cooling efficiency, and avoiding the temperature rise of the fuel cell 420 .
  • the air outlets 414 are distributed in or approximate to a honeycomb shape, so that the leeward surface 412 of the entire box body 410 can be completely covered, and the heat dissipation efficiency is the highest.
  • a plurality of partitions 415 are arranged inside the box body 410, and the box body 410 is divided into a plurality of different spaces for placing control components, rechargeable batteries 440 and
  • the fuel cell 420 for example, the fuel cell 420 is arranged at the upper rear of the box body 410 , and the rechargeable battery 440 is arranged at the lower front of the box body 410 , and is arranged diagonally to the fuel cell 420 . Since the rechargeable battery 440 and the fuel cell 420 are the two most important power elements in the entire hydrogen power system 400, they are arranged diagonally to reduce the degree of overlap between them and improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the entire power system.
  • the power supply of the rechargeable battery 440 and the fuel cell 420 to the drive system is planned to further improve the stability of the hydrogen-powered vehicle.
  • the rechargeable battery 440 is used at the initial stage (and at the start-up stage of the hydrogen-powered vehicle), and at the same time, the kinetic energy of the hydrogen is slowly increased until it is fully switched. Hydrogen energy will also charge the rechargeable battery 440 in addition to providing power to the moped after the normal operation, or charge the rechargeable battery 440 in other situations (when it is detected that the rechargeable battery 440 needs to be replenished).
  • the rechargeable battery 440 is used as a backup power source, and is generally fully charged, and is jointly powered by the fuel cell 420 and the rechargeable battery 440 when riding is difficult such as climbing a hill.
  • the fuel cell 420 fails to supply power, it will be powered by the rechargeable battery 440 .
  • the fuel cell 420 supplies power to the rechargeable battery 440 to ensure that the rechargeable battery 440 is fully charged.

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Abstract

一种氢动力车及其氢动力***，其中，该氢动力车包括车架（100）、储氢器（200）、氢动力***（400）、控制***和驱动***。车架（100）包括用于连接把手与脚踏板的下管（110）、用于安装座板的立管（120），以及其它若干车架（100）管；储氢器（200）用于存储氢气，并以预定方向安装在下管（110）的中空管道内；在下管（110）内设置有与储氢器（200）相连接的供氢管路；氢动力***（400）包括设置在立管（120）处的箱体（410），设置在箱体（410）内部、并与供氢管路相连接的燃料电池（420）；燃料电池（420）分别向储氢器（200）、控制***和驱动***供电。该氢动力车整体***合理布局、结构紧凑，最大化利用车架的空间。

Description

一种氢动力车及其氢动力*** 技术领域
本发明属于氢能源应用领域，尤其是一种氢动力车及其氢动力***。
背景技术
随着燃料电池的快速发展，氢燃料电池的技术也应用到两轮车中。然而燃料电池工作过程中会释放大量热量，因此在氢燃料电池两轮车的使用过程中，首要克服的问题就是确保燃料电池在一个高效、安全的温度范围内工作。
相比氢动力汽车及其他方式，氢动力两轮车在推广上将更加容易，成本更低，消费者对于氢能源的接触也将更加直接。但是由于两轮车的空间有限，如何最大化利用共享自行车的存储空间，进行储氢器的结构设计及电气设计，是急需解决的技术问题。
同时，由于两轮车的空间位置有限，因此需要采用空冷型燃料电池，并在燃料电池放置箱内设置通风口，形成风冷通道。但是由于通风口直接与外部接触，会导致雨水和灰尘进入燃料电池放置箱内部，影响燃料电池的正常工作。因此现有技术中采用的方法是进气口内设有进气防水膜，但是如此会对风冷通道的进气量有一定的影响。
发明内容
为了克服上述技术缺陷，本发明提供一种氢动力车及其氢动力***，以解决背景技术所涉及的问题。
本发明首先提供一种氢动力***，包括：
箱体，设置在车辆上；
进风口，设置在所述箱体的迎风面，在所述进风口前方设置有导流罩；
出风口，设置在所述箱体的背风面；
燃料电池，放置在所述箱体内由所述进风口和出风口形成的风道上。
优选地或可选地，所述箱***于所述车辆的立管处。
优选地或可选地，所述箱体相对于地面的高度大于30cm。
优选地或可选地，所述出风口或靠近所述出风口的位置设置有风扇。
优选地或可选地，所述导流罩通过位于其内侧的卡扣或螺栓与箱体的迎风面相扣合， 并通过位于其底部的螺钉或者螺栓与所述箱体固定，形成一个整体。
优选地或可选地，所述导流罩包括：
本体部，其中部与所述车辆的立管的轮廓相适应，两个侧面向箱体的迎风面的两侧延伸；
通风口，设置在所述本体部的两个侧面，并与所述进风口相对齐；
导流部，设置在所述通风口的上部，并向下弯折延伸至将通风口的上半部分遮挡住。
优选地或可选地，所述出风口为或近似于蜂窝状分布。
优选地或可选地，所述燃料电池的底部设置有弹性件，并通过弹性件安装在所述箱体的隔板上。
优选地或可选地，所述氢动力***还包括：充电电池，设在所述箱体内部，与所述燃料电池呈对角分布。
本发明还提供一种氢动力车，包括：
车架，包括用于连接把手与脚踏板的下管、用于安装座板的立管，以及其它若干车架管；所述下管、立管和车架管相互连接形成刚性结构，使得所述车架在预定负载下不会发生几何形状的改变；
储氢器，用于存储氢气，并以预定方向安装在所述下管的中空管道内；在所述下管的内设置有与所述储氢器相连接的供氢管路；
氢动力***，包括设置在所述立管处的箱体，设置在所述箱体内部、并与供氢管路相连接的燃料电池；所述燃料电池分别向所述储氢器、控制***和驱动***供电。
优选地或可选地，所述储氢器包括：瓶体，设置在所述瓶体下半部的保护罩，以及设置在所述瓶体一侧或周向上的多个加强筋；
所述下管的内表面上设置有与所述加强筋相配合的多个凹槽；在所述下管上部活动安装有盖体，并所述盖体内侧设置弹性层；
当所述储氢器放置于所述下管内时，所述加强筋嵌合于所述凹槽内，所述弹性层与所述瓶体的上表面相抵。
优选地或可选地，所述储氢器的出氢口设置有快速拆装装置，并通过所述快速拆装装置与供氢管路相连接；
所述快速拆装装置包括：快装公接头、快装母接头、拨钮、夹块和拉绳；所述快装母接头上设有适于与快装公接头配合的气路开合滑块；所述夹块固定在气路开合滑块上； 所述拨钮转动设置在快装母接头的安装设备上；所述拉绳的一端与夹块连接，另一端与拨钮的偏心位置连接；所述拨钮转动时通过拉绳、夹块带动气路开合滑块向远离快装公接头的一端移动。
优选地或可选地，所述储氢器的下半部包覆有一层电加热纸。
优选地或可选地，在所述保护罩上布置有多个内外贯通的散热孔。
优选地或可选地，所述瓶体的底部设置有第一端子，所述第一端子包括设有加热端口和温控端口，分别与所述电加热纸和温度传感器相连接；
所述下管底部设置有底座，所述底座上设置有第二端子，所述第二端子与电源模块和控制模块相连接；
当所述储氢器放置于所述下管内时，所述第二端子***所述第一端子内，形成电连接。
优选地或可选地，所述箱体迎风面设置有进风口，在所述箱体的背风面设置有出风口，燃料电池放置在所述箱体内由所述进风口和出风口形成的风道上；
并在所述进风口前方设置有导流罩。
优选地或可选地，所述导流罩通过位于其内侧的卡扣或螺栓与箱体的迎风面相扣合，形成一个整体，所述立管贯穿由导流罩和箱体形成的整体。
优选地或可选地，所述导流罩包括：
本体部，其中部与所述车辆的立管的轮廓相适应，两个侧面向箱体的迎风面的两侧延伸；
通风口，设置在所述本体部的两个侧面上，并与所述进风口相对齐；
导流部，设置在所述通风口的上部，并向下弯折延伸至将通风口的上半部分遮挡住。
优选地或可选地，所述氢动力***还包括：充电电池；所述充电电池设在所述箱体内部，并与所述燃料电池呈对角分布。
本发明涉及一种氢动力车及其氢动力***，相较于现有技术，具有如下有益效果：
1、本发明通过将储氢器安装在氢动力车的下管的中空管道内，并在立管上设置氢动力***，将燃料电池氢能转化为电能，为驱动***供电，整个***合理布局、结构紧凑，最大化利用车架的空间。
2、本发明通过将所述加强筋嵌合于所述凹槽内，能有效防止储氢器在下管内壳内旋转以及发生位移；所述弹性层与所述储氢器的上表面相抵，起到固定瓶身，防止瓶身 晃动的作用；实现所述储氢器的定向定位作用。
3、本发明通过设置能够带动快装母接头上的气路开合滑块移动的快速拆装装置，使快装母接头与快装公接头能够快速分离，实现了储氢器的快速拆装，当运营人员取走储氢器时，只需操作拨钮转动，即可方便取走储氢器，极大地提升了工作效率。
4、本发明通过在瓶体外部设置电加热纸，提高所述储氢器内的温度，实现控温功能，提高储氢器的出氢效率。
5、本发明通过在电加热纸的外部设置保护罩，一方面用于固定所述电加热纸，避免电加热纸直接与下管相接触，出现磨损，另一方面在放氢过程中，可以起到保温的效果。
6、本发明通过在保护罩中设置多个散热孔，由于在充氢过程中会产生大量热量，在充氢过程中，可通过将储氢器直接放置在冷却水中，冷却水会在散热孔之间形成流道，提高散热效率。
7、本发明通过将所述第二端子***所述第一端子内形成电连接，一方面能够实现储氢器上电加热纸的供电，另一方面能够将所述储氢器定向定位安装在所述下管内部。
8、本发明通过在进风口设置导流罩，所述导流罩能够起到引流防水的效果，冷风仍然可以通导流部下方的开口处进入箱体内部，形成一个完整的风道，不会对散热产生影响。
9、本发明通过将整个导流罩先从内部固定，最后在底部通过螺钉固定，不仅提高整个动力***与立管的美观程度，而且兼具实现防盗功能。
10、本发明将导流罩设置盖板前，在导流罩可隐藏盖板铰接处，具有一定的防盗的功能。
11、本发明通过提高箱体的安装高度，将当氢动力车辆在通过水坑时，避免飞溅的雨水进入导流罩中，导致燃料电池进水，同时，不骑行时，也能防止积水漫过、并进入箱体。
12、本发明通过通过在出风口设置风扇可以进一步提高通过燃料电池的空气流量，提高降温效率。
13、本发明的出风口设置为或近似于蜂窝状分布，保证出风口可以完全铺满整个箱体的背风面，使得散热效率最高。
14、本发明的燃料电池的下方设有弹簧构件，并通过弹性件固定所述箱体的隔板上， 起到减震的作用，保证燃料电池的正常工作。
15、本发明通过对导流罩的结构进行设计，在保证防雨的前提下，提高冷空气交换效率，提高降温效率。
16、本发明通过对角设置充电电池，减小燃料电池和充电电池的重叠程度，提高整个动力***的散热效率。并通过对充电电池和燃料电池对驱动***的供电进行规划，进一步提高氢动力车的使用稳定性。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图一。
图2是本发明的结构示意图二。
图3是本发明的车架的结构示意图。
图4是本发明中储氢器的结构示意图。
图5是本发明快速拆装装置的局部放大图。
图6是本发明中第一端子的结构示意图。
图7是本发明中第二端子的结构示意图。
图8是本发明中底座的局部放大图。
图9是本发明中氢动力***的结构示意图。
图10是本发明中导流罩的结构示意图。
图11是本发明中另一种导流罩的结构示意图。
图12是图11中罩板的结构示意图。
附图标记为：车架100、下管110、立管120、盖体130、弹性层131、凹槽111、电子锁140、底座150、限位导轨151、通孔152、第一缺口153、弹性件160、定位柱161、弹簧162、第二端子170、第二缺口171、安装板180、限位滑槽181；
储氢器200、瓶体210、瓶体的底部211、加强筋220、第一端子230、第一凸起231、第二凸起232；保护罩240、散热孔241、减压阀250、转轮251；
快速拆装装置300、快装母接头310、气路开合滑块311、拨钮321、夹块322、转接头340、导向架350、快装公接头360；
氢动力***400、箱体410、迎风面411、背风面412、进风口413、出风口414、隔板415、燃料电池420、风扇430、充电电池440、导流罩450、本体部451、通风口 452、导流部453、罩板454。
具体实施方式
在下文的描述中，给出了大量具体的细节以便提供对本发明更为彻底的理解。然而，对于本领域技术人员而言显而易见的是，本发明可以无需一个或多个这些细节而得以实施。在其他的例子中，为了避免与本发明发生混淆，对于本领域公知的一些技术特征未进行描述。
参阅附图1至9，一种氢动力车，包括：车架100、储氢器200、氢动力***400、控制***和驱动***。
其中，参阅附图1，所述车架100包括用于连接把手与脚踏板的下管110、用于安装座板的立管120，以及其它若干车架100管；所述下管110、立管120和车架100管相互连接形成刚性结构，使得所述车架100在预定负载下不会发生几何形状的改变。
参阅附图2、附图3，所述储氢器200用于存储氢气，并以预定方向安装在所述下管110的中空管道内。由于氢动力车的空间有限，在本实施例中，储氢器200采用金属粉末储氢方式，该储氢方式具有的体积小、成本低的优点，在储氢行业得到广泛应用。
具体地，参阅附图4，所述储氢器200包括瓶体210，设置在所述瓶体外部的保护罩240，以及设置在所述保护罩240一侧或周向上的多个加强筋220；所述下管110的内表面上设置有与所述加强筋220相配合的多个凹槽111；在所述下管110上部活动安装有盖体130，并所述盖体130内侧设置弹性层131；所述弹性层131采用弹性胶质材料制成。
当所述储氢器200放置于下管110时，所述加强筋220嵌合于所述凹槽111内，所述弹性层131与所述瓶体210的上表面相抵。所述盖体130与所述下管110上表面铰接，形成一个可打开或关闭的腔体，方便用户或工作人员取出和放置储氢器200。并在所述盖体130与所述下管110之间设置有电子锁140，将所述盖体130锁闭，形成容纳腔体。
需要说明的是，所述加强筋220设置在所述保护罩240周向的一侧或一部分，而非是沿着保护罩240周向形成的一个完整的圆形。在本实施例中，所述加强筋220为π/4～π段圆弧，并设置在所述保护罩240的一侧，当加强筋220嵌入所述凹槽111时，能有效防止储氢器200在下管110内壳内旋转以及发生相对位移。
在所述下管110的内设置有与所述储氢器200相连接的供氢管路，通过供氢管道向 氢动力***400供氢。但是由于氢动力车的安装储氢器200的地方都比较紧凑，这样就导致运营人员对现有的气路开合滑块311的操作非常不方便，工作效率较低。因此，所述储氢器200的出氢口设置有快速拆装装置300，并通过所述快速拆装装置300与供氢管路相连接。
具体地，参阅附图5，所述快速拆装装置300包括：减压阀250、快装公接头360、快装母接头310、接头快速分离器、转接头340和导向架350；快装公接头360设置在供氢管路的一端，快装母接头310通过减压阀250与储氢器200相连通。减压阀250为手动阀，减压阀250的阀芯通过转轴固定连接有转轮，转轮的转动带动阀芯转动从而控制减压阀250的开闭。
快装母接头310上设有适于与快装公接头360配合的气路开合滑块311。接头快速分离器与所述气路开合滑块311联动，使气路开合滑块311至少具有锁紧快装公接头360和松开快装公接头360两种状态。所述接头快速分离器包括拨钮321、夹块322和拉绳(图中未示出)。拨钮321转动设置在减压阀250的转轴上，无需额外设置用于支撑拨钮321的转轴，不但降低了成本，而且使外形更加美观。夹块322固定在气路开合滑块311上。拉绳的一端与夹块322连接，另一端与拨钮321的偏心位置连接；所述拨钮321转动时通过拉绳、夹块322带动气路开合滑块311向远离快装公接头360的一端移动，结构简单，操作方便，成本低。考虑拉绳的强度、耐磨性和使用寿命，拉绳优选钢丝绳。
转接头340连接在快装母接头310与减压阀250之间。转接头340靠近快装母接头310的一端与瓶体210的长度方向平行，进而使得快装母接头310平行于瓶体210的长度设置，方便储氢器200的安装。由于本实施例中，减压阀250的出口方向与瓶体210的长度方向垂直，因此本实施例中的转接头340呈L型。为了便于实时显示储氢器200的内部压力，减压阀250上背向出口方向的一侧设有压力检测装置，当储氢器200的内部压力不足时，方便及时更换储氢器200。所述压力检测装置包括压力表、压力传感器等。
导向架350固定在转接头340上，导向架350上设有导线孔，拉绳的中部穿过导线孔，使拉绳靠近气路开合滑块311的一端与气路开合滑块311的移动方向平行，进而方便拉绳拉动气路开合滑块311。
当运营人员取走储氢器200时，先手动转动转轮，关闭减压阀250，然后拨动拨钮321，通过拉绳作用使拨钮321与夹块322联动，夹块带动气路开合滑块311发生位移 变化，快装母接头310与快装公接头360自动松开，就可以非常方便地方便取走储氢器200。当运营人员安装另一个储氢器200时，先放好储氢器200，然后推动储氢器200，使快装母接头310与快装公接头360对接上，气路开合滑块311自动发生位移变化，并使快装母接头310与快装公接头360自动锁紧，最后手动转动转轮2，打开减压阀250。
由于所述储氢器200采用金属粉末储氢方式，当储氢器200在释放氢气的过程中，需要大量吸热，因此，所述储氢器200的下半部包覆有一层电加热纸，同时，在所述瓶体210的外表面设置有温度传感器，用于检测储氢器200瓶身的温度，所述温度传感器远离所述电加热纸，以保证传感器检测的温度更趋于真实值。所述弹性层131优选为硅胶或泡沫，不仅能够实现对储氢器200的固定作用，而且可以起到保温作用，提高储氢器200的出氢效率。
在进一步实施例中，在所述瓶体210外部设置有保护罩240，所述电加热纸设于储氢瓶与保护罩240之间。通过在电加热纸的外部设置保护罩240，一方面用于固定所述电加热纸，避免电加热纸直接与下管110相接触，出现磨损，另一方面在放氢过程中，可以起到保温的效果。
同样的，当储氢器200在释放氢气的过程中，会产生大量热量，为了实现快速充氢，一般会采用水冷对储氢器200进行降温。因此，在所述保护罩240上布置有多个内外贯通的散热孔241。在充氢过程中，可通过将储氢器200直接放置在冷却水中，冷却水会在散热孔241之间形成流道，提高散热效率。
因此，散热孔241的形状的选择，既要考虑保温性能，又要考虑散热性能，并且对保温性能的需求大于对散热性能的需求。经研发人员反复试验得到结果是，散热孔241采用圆孔的布局，能够满足保证保温效果的前提下，也不会影响水冷的降温的效果。为了提高使用寿命，保护罩240由耐磨材料制成，如尼龙、POM塑料等。
显然，为了实现所述储氢器200内的温度稳定，实现控温功能，需要在所述储氢器200上设置控制模块和电源模块，但是由于下管110的空间有限，上述设想很难实施。参阅附图6至8，所述瓶体的底部211设置有第一端子230，所述第一端子230包括设有加热端口和温控端口，分别与所述电加热纸和温度传感器相连接。所述下管110底部设置有底座150，所述底座150上设置有通孔152，第二端子170固定安装在所述通孔152上，所述第二端子170与电源模块和控制模块相连接；当所述储氢器200放置于所述容纳腔体内时，所述第二端子170***所述第一端子230内，形成电连接。其中所述 电源模块可以为内置于氢动力车内部的充电池或燃料电池420。
为了提高所述第一端子230和第二端子170连接的稳定性，所述底座150的一侧为平面，在所述平面上向外凸起形成限位导轨151；容纳腔体的底部设置有安装板180，所述安装板180的一侧向上凸起，形成另一平面，且在所述另一平面上设置有与所述限位导轨151相配合的限位滑槽181。如此，所述平面与另一平面配合、所述限位导轨151与限位滑槽181配合，实现对储氢器200的定位，避免储氢器200发生相对转动，通过所述储氢器200可沿着限位滑槽181向上滑动。
为了提高第一端子230和第二端子170接口的吻合度，需要对储氢器200的安装方位进一步定位，所述底座150底部设置有第一缺口153，所述瓶体的底部211设置与所述第一缺口153相配合的第一凸起231；所述第二端子170上设置有第二缺口171，所述第一端子230上设置有与所述第二缺口171相适配的第二凸起232。通过第一缺口153与第一凸起231的配合，第二缺口171和第二凸起232的配合，保证所述储氢器200的安装方向的一致性，保证第二端子170能够完全***所述第一端子230内部。
在进一步实施例中，所述第一端子230和第二端子170均采用磁铁式接头，也就是说在所述第一端子230和第二端子170上设有磁性相吸的磁铁片。通过磁性片的吸引力，实现储氢瓶与下管210磁性连接，进一步起到了固定储氢器200的作用。
在本实施例中，所述第一端子230和第二端子170之间虽然为磁性连接，但是两者仍为柔性连接，氢动力车在行驶过程中，经常会发生颠簸，容易导致第一端子230和第二端子170发生脱离，甚至导致第二端子170发生形变。因此在所述底座150与所述下管110底座150之间留有预定间隙，所述预定间隙内设置有弹性件160。具体地，所述弹性件160包括：多个定位柱161，均匀分布在所述底座150上，位于所述底座150向下凸起；多个弹簧162，一端固定在所述定位柱161上，另一端与所述安装板180相抵。所述弹性件160可以方便运营人员的安装、拆卸储氢器200；并与第一端子230和第二端子170之间的磁性连接、加强筋220和凹槽111的配合关系以及弹性层131和瓶体210上表面的压力共同作用，起到固定储氢器200和减震的效果。
由于两轮车的空间位置有限，因此采用空冷型燃料电池420，并在燃料电池420放置箱内设置通风口452，形成风冷通道。但是由于通风口452直接与外部接触，会导致雨水和灰尘进入燃料电池420放置箱内部，影响燃料电池420的正常工作。
参阅附图9，箱体410与车辆的立管120相固定，由于所述立管120用于安装座板， 因此会向后倾斜一定角度。因此所述箱体410也向后倾斜一定角度，与所述立管120相适应。当车辆在正常行驶时，所述箱体410的前方即为迎风面411，所述箱体410的后方即为背风面412，在所述箱体410的迎风面411为箱体410的盖板，在所述盖板上设置有进气口，所述箱体410的背风面412设置有出风口414，如此在所述箱体410内部形成一个风道。所述燃料电池420即放置在所述箱体410内由所述进风口413和出风口414形成的风道上。在正常行驶过中，冷空气从进风口413进入箱体410，与燃料电池420相接触，然后通过出风口414流出，实现对燃料电池420的降温处理。所述箱体410迎风面411设置有进风口413，在所述箱体410的背风面412设置有出风口414，燃料电池420放置在所述箱体410内由所述进风口413和出风口414形成的风道上；并在所述进风口413前方设置有导流罩450。参阅附图10，所述导流罩450包括：本体部451、通风口452和导流部453。本体部451中部与所述车辆的立管120的轮廓相适应，本体部451的两个侧面向箱体410的迎风面411的两侧延伸；通风口452设置在所述本体部451的两个侧面上，并与所述进风口413相对齐；导流部453设置在所述通风口452的上部，并向下弯折、向外突出至将通风口452的上半部分遮挡住，但是并不影响下半部分的通风效果。在雨天行使过程中，雨水被导流部453所挡住，沿着导流部453两侧向下流出，不会进入箱体410内部，影响燃料电池420的正常工作，同时，冷风仍然可以通导流部453下方的开口处进入箱体410内部，形成一个完整的风道。
其中，导流部453的底端所在的直线与水平线形成45°～65°的锐角，一方面，雨水能够沿着导流部453下流，并在底部下落，不会进入通气孔；另一方面，可以降低冷空气流对导流部453底端的冲击，减少气流的能量损耗，提高空气流速，同时，在这个角度下，能够起到良好的防雨通风效果。
其中，所述导流部453的底端面优选为弧形，由于所述立管一般为倾斜设置，因此所述导流部453的底端面上任意一点的切线与水平面之间的夹角小于65°，冷空气沿着导流部453、通过通气口452进入进气口413的气道逐渐变大，导流部453的底端面能对冷空气起到导流的效果，避免气道通道横截面积突变所引起的湍流，使得冷空气的流动更加稳定，降低空气流动的湍流度，在同等负压的情况，提高空气交换流量，提高降温效率。
由于在本体部451上设置导流部453的造型相对较为复杂，在实际生产过程中，生产难度较大。在另一个实施例中，所述导流罩450包括：本体部451，其中部与所述车 辆的立管120的轮廓相适应，两个侧面向箱体410的迎风面411的两侧延伸，并在两个侧面上设置有安装凹槽；罩板454，通过卡扣安装在所述安装凹槽上；通风口452，均匀分布在所述罩板454上，并与所述进风口413相对齐；导流部453，设置在所述通风口452的上部，并向下弯折、向外突出至将通风口452的上半部分遮挡住，但是并不影响下半部分的通风效果。通过将导流部453与本体部451设计为可拆式结构，分别进行加工，使得加工更为容易。
同时，所述导流罩450与所述箱体410迎风面411之间形成的空间与所述立管120相适应，可以将所述箱体410与导流罩450固定在所述立管120上。如此，导流罩450可隐藏盖板铰接处，具有一定的防盗的功能。同时在盖板的铰接处设有阻尼器，减缓盖板关闭和打开的突兀。具体地，所述导流罩450通过位于其内侧的卡扣或螺栓与箱体410的迎风面411相扣合，并通过位于其底部的螺钉或者螺栓与所述箱体410固定，形成一个整体，所述立管120贯穿由导流罩450和箱体410形成的整体，将箱体410和导流罩450固定安装在立管120上。由于整个导流罩450先从内部固定，从外部看不到螺钉，最后在底部通过螺钉固定，一方面，提高整个动力***与立管120的美观程度；另一方面，对于一般大众而言，从外部很难发现所述导流板与箱体410之间连接处的位置，提高了不法人员的偷盗难度，进一步保证所述燃料电池420的安全。
另外，为了实现防水功能，一方面，提高箱体410相对于地面的高度，所述箱体410相对于地面的高度大于30cm，当车辆在通过水坑时，避免飞溅的雨水进入导流罩450中，导致燃料电池420进水，同时，不骑行时，也能防止积水漫过、并进入箱体。另一方面，所述燃料电池位于所述箱体410上部，即使少量雨水进入箱体410内或当车辆通过积水区域时，不会对燃料电池420的供电***造成影响。
在进一步实施例中，在所述出风口414或靠近所述出风口414的位置设置有风扇430，如此可以进一步提高通过燃料电池420的空气流量，提高散热效率，而且当风扇430靠近出风口414时，排风率最高，防止热气回流，提高降温效率，避免燃料电池420温度升高。其中，所述出风口414为或近似于蜂窝状分布，如此可以完全铺满整个箱体410的背风面412，散热效率最高。
为了提高氢动力***400内各动力元件之间的分布，在所述箱体410内部设置了多个隔板415，将箱体410划分为多个不同空间用于放置控制组件、充电电池440和燃料电池420，例如在所述箱体410的后上方设置燃料电池420，同时将充电电池440设在 所述箱体410的前下方，与所述燃料电池420呈对角分布。由于充电电池440和燃料电池420整个氢动力***400中最主要的两个功率元件，因此通过对角设置，减小两者的重叠程度，提高整个动力***的散热效率。
在进一步实施例中，在管理所述燃料电池420和充电电池440时，通过对充电电池440和燃料电池420对驱动***的供电进行规划，进一步提高氢动力车车的使用稳定性。例如，初期(及氢动力车启动阶段)使用充电电池440，同时，缓慢增加氢动能，直到完全切换。氢能正常运转后在提供助力车做动力之余还将给充电电池440充电，或在其他情况(检测到充电电池440需要补给时)给充电电池440充电。换言之，充电电池440作为备用电源，一般情况下都处于满电状态，在爬坡等骑行困难时，由燃料电池420和充电电池440共同供电。当燃料电池420出现故障，无法供电时，由充电电池440供电。当氢动力车处于闲置状态，且所述充电电池440电压偏低时，燃料电池420为充电电池440供电，保证充电电池440处于满电状态。
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。为了避免不必要的重复，本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种氢动力***，其特征在于，包括：
    箱体，设置在车辆上；
    进风口，设置在所述箱体的迎风面，在所述进风口前方设置有导流罩；
    出风口，设置在所述箱体的背风面；
    燃料电池，放置在所述箱体内由所述进风口和出风口形成的风道上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的氢动力***，其特征在于，所述箱***于所述车辆的立管处。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的氢动力***，其特征在于，所述出风口或靠近所述出风口的位置设置有风扇。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的氢动力***，其特征在于，所述导流罩通过位于其内侧的卡扣或螺栓与箱体的迎风面相扣合，并通过位于其底部的螺钉或者螺栓与所述箱体固定，形成一个整体。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的氢动力***，其特征在于，所述导流罩包括：
    本体部，其中部与所述车辆的立管的轮廓相适应，两个侧面向箱体的迎风面的两侧延伸；
    通风口，设置在所述本体部的两个侧面上，并与所述进风口相对齐；
    导流部，设置在所述通风口的上部，并向下弯折延伸至将通风口的上半部分遮挡住。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的氢动力***，其特征在于，所述出风口为或近似于蜂窝状分布。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的氢动力***，其特征在于，所述氢动力***还包括：
    充电电池，设在所述箱体内部，与所述燃料电池呈对角分布。
  8. 一种氢动力车，其特征在于，包括：
    车架，包括用于连接把手与脚踏板的下管、用于安装座板的立管，以及其它若干车架管；所述下管、立管和车架管相互连接形成刚性结构，使得所述车架在预定负载下不会发生几何形状的改变；
    储氢器，用于存储氢气，并以预定方向安装在所述下管的中空管道内；在所述下管的内设置有与所述储氢器相连接的供氢管路；
    氢动力***，包括设置在所述立管处的箱体，设置在所述箱体内部、并与供氢管路相连接的燃料电池；所述燃料电池分别向所述储氢器、控制***和驱动***供电。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的氢动力车，其特征在于，所述储氢器包括：瓶体，设置在所述瓶体下半部的保护罩，以及设置在所述瓶体一侧或周向上的多个加强筋；
    所述下管的内表面上设置有与所述加强筋相配合的多个凹槽；在所述下管上部活动安装有盖体，并所述盖体内侧设置弹性层；
    当所述储氢器放置于所述下管内时，所述加强筋嵌合于所述凹槽内，所述弹性层与所述瓶体的上表面相抵。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的氢动力车，其特征在于，所述盖体与所述下管上表面铰接，并在所述盖体与所述下管之间设置有电子锁，将所述盖体锁闭，形成容纳腔体。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的氢动力车，其特征在于，所述瓶体的外表面包覆有一层电加热纸和远离所述电加热纸的温度传感器。
  12. 根据权利要求8所述的氢动力车，其特征在于，所述储氢器的出氢口设置有快速拆装装置，并通过所述快速拆装装置与供氢管路相连接；
    所述快速拆装装置包括：快装公接头、快装母接头、拨钮、夹块和拉绳；所述快装母接头上设有适于与快装公接头配合的气路开合滑块；所述夹块固定在气路开合滑块上；所述拨钮转动设置在快装母接头的安装设备上；所述拉绳的一端与夹块连接，另一端与拨钮的偏心位置连接；所述拨钮转动时通过拉绳、夹块带动气路开合滑块向远离快装公接头的一端移动。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的氢动力车，其特征在于，所述储氢器的下半部包覆有一层电加热纸。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的氢动力车，其特征在于，在所述保护罩上布置有多个内外贯通的散热孔。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的氢动力车，其特征在于，所述瓶体的底部设置有第一端子，所述第一端子包括设有加热端口和温控端口，分别与所述电加热纸和温度传感器相连接；
    所述下管底部设置有底座，所述底座上设置有第二端子，所述第二端子与电源模块和控制模块相连接；
    当所述储氢器放置于所述下管内时，所述第二端子***所述第一端子内，形成电连接。
  16. 根据权利要求8所述的氢动力车，其特征在于，所述箱体迎风面设置有进风口， 在所述箱体的背风面设置有出风口，燃料电池放置在所述箱体内由所述进风口和出风口形成的风道上；
    并在所述进风口前方设置有导流罩。
  17. 根据权利要求14所述的氢动力车，其特征在于，所述导流罩通过位于其内侧的卡扣或螺栓与箱体的迎风面相扣合，形成一个整体，所述立管贯穿由导流罩和箱体形成的整体。
  18. 根据权利要求14所述的氢动力车，其特征在于，所述导流罩包括：
    本体部，其中部与所述车辆的立管的轮廓相适应，两个侧面向箱体的迎风面的两侧延伸；
    通风口，设置在所述本体部的两个侧面上，并与所述进风口相对齐；
    导流部，设置在所述通风口的上部，并向下弯折延伸至将通风口的上半部分遮挡住。
PCT/CN2022/139476 2021-12-21 2022-12-16 一种氢动力车及其氢动力*** WO2023116557A1 (zh)

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