WO2023112352A1 - Protection control terminal and distributed protection control system - Google Patents
Protection control terminal and distributed protection control system Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023112352A1 WO2023112352A1 PCT/JP2022/020218 JP2022020218W WO2023112352A1 WO 2023112352 A1 WO2023112352 A1 WO 2023112352A1 JP 2022020218 W JP2022020218 W JP 2022020218W WO 2023112352 A1 WO2023112352 A1 WO 2023112352A1
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- protection control
- control terminal
- circuit breaker
- protection
- information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/26—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/20—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution using protection elements, arrangements or systems
Definitions
- Embodiments of the present invention relate to protection control terminals and distributed protection control systems.
- Protective relays installed in a digital substation system that employs a transmission method that conforms to IEC61850 quickly detect accidents that occur in the power system and isolate the accident part from the power system to minimize the impact of the accident. It plays an important role in preventing large-scale power outages. Disconnection from the power grid is performed by a circuit breaker commanded by a protective relay. In addition, the control device controls power supply, measures the amount of electricity in the power system, and monitors and controls the entire substation premises. Various devices (hereinafter referred to as "field devices”) such as switchgears (circuit breakers, disconnectors, etc.) and instrument transformers (ammeters, voltmeters, etc.) are installed in the power system in the substation. .
- switchgears circuit breakers, disconnectors, etc.
- instrument transformers ammeters, voltmeters, etc.
- Protection relays detect faults from on-site equipment based on the state of the voltage and current of the power system, output a shutdown command to the circuit breaker, and open the circuit breaker to detect the part where the system fault occurred (hereinafter referred to as " (referred to as "system fault point") from the system in operation.
- system fault point the part where the system fault occurred (hereinafter referred to as "system fault point") from the system in operation.
- the responsibility as a protective relay is to minimize the extent of blackouts along with clearing faults in as short a time as possible in order to minimize the effects of system faults. For this reason, there are types of protection relays that protect the system in a protection range that is divided into sections that minimize the impact, such as transmission line protection, bus bar protection, and transformer protection.
- the control terminal installed in the digital substation system controls various on-site equipment installed in the substation (turning on and off operations, etc.).
- the control terminal is mainly controlled manually or automatically, and different control may be performed depending on the operating state of the electric power system, season, time, and the like.
- the control terminal acquires system information such as the current, voltage, and voltage of the power system and the open/close status of circuit breakers and disconnectors from the field equipment, and transmits the acquired system information via the network of the digital substation system. , to various devices such as terminals and servers that are required.
- the control terminal installed for each circuit breaker receives manual or automatic switching commands from these terminals/servers via the network, and controls switching devices such as circuit breakers and to output the open/close command.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of a conventional substation system.
- a plurality of mutually independent protection relay devices 100 and a plurality of control devices 101 are installed, and each protection relay device 100 is system information necessary for protection and control of the power system. It takes in electrical quantity information such as current and voltage from instrument transformer 400 and outputs a break command to circuit breaker 300 . Therefore, in the conventional substation system, all the connections between the protective relay devices and the field devices are configured by metal cables (dotted lines shown in FIG. 1). Voltage transformers 400 that detect electrical quantities in the power system, such as current and voltage, need to communicate with analog signals. Therefore, metal cables are used for all communication connections with instrument transformer 400 .
- the protection relay device 100 converts the analog data of electric quantity received from the instrument transformer 400 via the metal cable into digital data.
- the protection relay device 100 outputs a break command to the breaker 300 when it is determined that the break control of the breaker 300 is necessary based on the calculation result using the digital data.
- conventional substation systems require cable pits and processing spaces for laying large amounts of metal cables within the substation premises.
- the control device 101 is also connected to on-site devices such as instrument transformers, circuit breakers, and disconnectors.
- ITC Intelligent Tele-communication System or GW: Gate Way (located at the station level).
- IED Intelligent Electrical Device (located at bay level).
- PIU Process Interface Unit or MU: Merging Unit (located at the process level).
- FIG. 2 shows a configuration example of a digital substation system (process bus system).
- the process bus system shown in FIG. 2 has a system configuration in which IEDs and various terminals arranged at each level within the substation are connected via a communication network within the substation.
- an IED 210 is arranged at the bay level (distribution board room) for each protection function or control function of the electric power system.
- the control target (circuit breaker 300, etc.) of the IED 210 is a circuit breaker 300 unit or a line unit, and the process level for the PIU (MU) 200 arranged near the field equipment such as the circuit breaker 300 for each line. connected through the network of All information including various system information obtained by the PIU 200 and communication signals between terminals are transmitted and received through a process-level digital communication network.
- Conventional protection relay devices convert analog data input from on-site equipment into digital data (Analog to Digital), and use this digital data to perform necessary operations such as protection relay operations. Run to detect the occurrence of a grid fault.
- a distributed protection and control system is a functionally distributed version of a conventional protection relay device, typically provided with one or more PIUs 200 that collect system information such as current and voltage from the power system. be done.
- the PIU 200 generates digital data by A/D conversion from input analog data, and outputs the generated digital data to the IED 210 via a communication line.
- IED210 connected via the communication line performs an operation based on the data (digital data), such as determination of generation
- the IED 210 controls the switchgear 310 such as the breaker 300 and the disconnecting switch 301 by outputting a break command to the breaker from the PIU 200 installed near the field equipment. This eliminates the need to transmit a cut-off command from the IED 210 to the switchgear 310 via a metal cable, making it possible to reduce the cost of the metal cable. Furthermore, in order to improve the reliability of the transmission circuit, redundancy is achieved by duplicating the transmission line including the PIU 200, and even if a problem occurs in part of the process bus, etc., protection in the event of an accident Blocking is possible.
- the protection IED 210 and the control IED 211 are still configured on a functional basis, and are different from the protection relay device and control device of the conventional substation system shown in FIG. The number of devices cannot be reduced by comparison.
- the PIU 200 is installed in the vicinity of each field device, so the PIU 200 is required together with the protection IED 210 and the control IED 211 in order to realize the conventional protection control function shown in FIG. As a result, the number of terminals of various types increases, which raises reliability issues such as an increase in the failure rate.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a protection control terminal and a distributed protection control system that can reduce the number of IEDs in a digital substation and integrate the protection control function for each circuit breaker or line. is.
- the protection control terminal of the embodiment is connected to the process bus and has an output section, a communication section, and a calculation section.
- the output is connected to one circuit breaker in the power system and controls the circuit breaker without going through the process bus.
- the communication unit collects, via the process bus, system information, which is information on the power system detected by other protection control terminals connected to the process bus.
- the calculation unit identifies a system fault point where the system fault has occurred, based on information including the system information from other protection control terminals collected by the communication unit.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a distributed protection and control system including protection and control terminals according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the operation of the protection control terminal according to this embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a specific example of the flow of operations of the protection control terminal according to the embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the distributed protection and control system 1 including the protection and control terminals of this embodiment.
- the distributed protection and control system 1 protects and monitors substations.
- the distributed protection control system 1 is a system to which the international standard IEC 61850 is applied.
- the distributed protection and control system 1 is a protection and control system that is installed at each electrical station such as a substation in order to stabilize the wide-area power system E. Control your equipment.
- the substation premises include a plurality of field devices, a bus 500, a plurality of transmission lines 600, transformers 700, etc. (and other facilities necessary for stable operation of the power system, such as phase modifying facilities).
- the field equipment includes the circuit breaker 300, the disconnecting switch 301, and the instrument transformer 400.
- the circuit breaker 300 is, for example, a gas insulated switchgear.
- the instrument transformer 400 is, for example, a voltage transformer or a current transformer.
- the instrument transformer 400 is arranged to measure system information, which is electric quantities such as voltage and current of busbars and transmission lines.
- the switchgear 310 includes a circuit breaker 300 and a disconnector 301 .
- the system information may include information such as the power supply and demand status of the power system E and the connection status of the power system E, in addition to the electric quantity of the power system E such as the voltage and current of the bus and transmission lines.
- the power supply and demand state includes information on the load of the power system E, information on the amount of power generated by generators connected to the power system E, and the like.
- the connection state of the power system E includes connection information of the circuit breakers 300 and disconnectors 301 included in the power system E.
- the substation power system E illustrated in FIG. 3 includes four circuit breakers 300-1 to 300-4 and three instrument transformers 400-1 to 400-4 as field devices. It should be noted that the symbols following the hyphen are used to distinguish a plurality of components of the same type from each other. If multiple configurations of the same type are not distinguished from each other, the symbols following the hyphen may be omitted.
- the circuit breaker 300-1 is installed on the transmission line 600-1 connected to the bus 500.
- the busbar 500 is a double-busbar type busbar including a busbar A and a busbar B 500b.
- the circuit breaker 300-2 is connected between the first bus line 500a and the second bus line 500b.
- Circuit breaker 300-3 is installed on transmission line 600-2 connected to bus 500.
- FIG. Transmission line 600 - 2 is connected to transformer 700 .
- Circuit breaker 300 - 4 is installed on transmission line 600 - 3 connected to transformer 700 .
- Instrument transformer 400-1 is installed on transmission line 600-1 and measures the amount of electricity in transmission line 600-1.
- the quantity of electricity is, for example, information on voltage or current.
- Instrument transformer 400-1 is, for example, a voltage transformer.
- the instrument transformer 400-2 is installed on the first bus line 500a and measures the electric quantity of the first bus line 500a.
- Instrument transformer 400-2 is, for example, a voltage transformer.
- the instrument transformer 400-3 is installed on the Otsu bus line 500b and measures the electric quantity of the Otsu bus line 500b.
- Instrument transformer 400-3 is, for example, a voltage transformer.
- Instrument transformer 400-4 is installed in transmission line 600-1 and measures the amount of electricity in transmission line 600-1.
- Instrumentation transformer 400-4 is, for example, an instrumentation current transformer.
- the distributed protection control system 1 of the present embodiment is not configured to install an independent IED 210 as illustrated in FIG.
- the protection control terminal 10 is equipped with a protection control function.
- the protection control function includes a protection function that protects the power system and power equipment in the substation by controlling a circuit breaker, etc., and a monitoring control function that monitors system information in the power system and controls field equipment.
- the protection control terminals 10 installed for each circuit breaker 300 exchange system information with each other via the process bus 20, and the information obtained from the other protection control terminals 10 is also used to Identify system fault points. Then, the protection control terminal 10 transmits a break command to a necessary circuit breaker according to the identified fault point.
- the distributed protection and control system 1 includes multiple protection and control terminals 10 .
- the distributed protection control system 1 includes four protection control terminals 10 (10-1 to 10-4), but is not limited to this.
- the distributed protection control system 1 only needs to have a plurality of protection control terminals 10, and the number of protection control terminals 10 is not particularly limited.
- the protection control terminals 10-1 to 10-4 are not distinguished from each other, they may be referred to as "protection control terminals 10". Dotted lines shown in FIGS. 3 and 6 indicate the wiring of metal cables.
- a plurality of protection control terminals 10 are connected to the process bus 20 .
- a protection control terminal 10 is provided for each circuit breaker 300 (or line).
- the protection control terminal 10-1 is provided corresponding to the circuit breaker 300-1 and is provided near the circuit breaker 300-1. Protection control terminal 10-1 is connected to circuit breaker 300-1 via a metal cable. Protection control terminal 10-1 can control circuit breaker 300-1 to be in an interrupted state by outputting a circuit breaker command to circuit breaker 300-1. Protection control terminal 10-1 is also connected to instrument transformer 400-1 via a metal cable. Protection control terminal 10-1 is connected to instrument transformer 400-4. Protection control terminal 10-1 measures and calculates the electric quantity of instrument transformer 400-4.
- the protection control terminal 10-2 is provided corresponding to the circuit breaker 300-2 and is provided near the circuit breaker 300-2. Protection control terminal 10-2 is connected to circuit breaker 300-2 via a metal cable. Protection control terminal 10-2 can control circuit breaker 300-2 to be in an interrupted state by outputting a circuit breaker command to circuit breaker 300-2. In addition, protection control terminal 10-2 is connected to instrument transformer 400-2, instrument transformer 400-3, and instrument transformer 400-7 in switchgear 310-2 via metal cables. connected. Protection control terminal 10-2 measures and calculates the measured value of instrument transformer 400-2 and the electric quantity of instrument transformers 400-3 and 400-7.
- the protection control terminal 10-3 is provided corresponding to the circuit breaker 300-3 and is provided near the circuit breaker 300-3. Protection control terminal 10-3 is connected to circuit breaker 300-3 via a metal cable. Protection control terminal 10-3 can control circuit breaker 300-3 to be in a cut-off state by outputting a cut-off command to circuit breaker 300-3. Protection control terminal 10-3 is connected to instrument transformer 400-5 (instrument current transformer) installed on the secondary side of transformer 700 via a metal cable.
- instrument transformer 400-5 instrument current transformer
- the protection control terminal 10-4 is provided corresponding to the circuit breaker 300-4 and is provided near the circuit breaker 300-4. Protection control terminal 10-4 is connected to circuit breaker 300-4 via a metal cable. Protection control terminal 10-4 can control circuit breaker 300-4 to be in an interrupted state by outputting a circuit breaker command to circuit breaker 300-4. The protection control terminal 10-4 is connected via a metal cable to an instrumentation transformer 400-6 (instrumentation current transformer) installed on the primary side of the transformer 700.
- instrumentation transformer 400-6 instrumentation current transformer
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the protection control terminal 10 according to this embodiment.
- the protection control terminal 10 includes an input unit 31, a communication unit 32, a calculation unit 33, and an output unit 34, for example.
- these components are realized by executing a program (software) by a hardware processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit).
- a hardware processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit).
- some or all of these components are hardware such as LSI (Large Scale Integrated circuit), ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), etc. (including circuitry), or by cooperation of software and hardware.
- the program may be stored in advance in a storage device such as a HDD (Hard Disk Drive) or flash memory (a storage device with a non-transitory storage medium), or may be stored in a removable storage such as a DVD or CD-ROM. It may be stored in a medium (non-transitory storage medium) and installed in the storage device by loading the storage medium into the drive device.
- a storage device such as a HDD (Hard Disk Drive) or flash memory (a storage device with a non-transitory storage medium), or may be stored in a removable storage such as a DVD or CD-ROM. It may be stored in a medium (non-transitory storage medium) and installed in the storage device by loading the storage medium into the drive device.
- the storage device is configured by, for example, an HDD, flash memory, EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), ROM (Read Only Memory), or RAM (Random Access Memory).
- the input unit 31 takes in system information, which is the information of the electric power system E, from switching devices such as the instrument transformer 400, the circuit breaker 300, and the disconnecting switch 301, which are field devices in the substation premises, and converts it into digital information to convert it into digital information. 20.
- the input section 31 has an A/D conversion section 31a.
- the input unit 31 takes in an electric quantity from the instrument transformer 400 connected via a metal cable.
- the input unit 31 converts the electric quantity from analog data to digital data by the A/D conversion unit 31a.
- the digital data converted by the input section 31 and the A/D conversion section 31 a is transmitted to the process bus 20 via the communication section 32 .
- the communication unit 32 collects, via the process bus 20, system information, which is information about the power system E detected by other devices (for example, other protection control terminals 10) connected to the process bus 20.
- system information which is information about the power system E detected by other devices (for example, other protection control terminals 10) connected to the process bus 20.
- the communication unit 32 of the protection control terminal 10-n (1 ⁇ n ⁇ 4, n is an integer) is digitally captured by the input unit 31 of the protection control terminal 10 other than the protection control terminal 10-n.
- the converted system information is collected via the communication unit 32 via the process bus 20 .
- the calculation unit 33 identifies a system fault point, which is a location where a system fault has occurred, by executing calculation processing based on information including system information collected by the communication unit 32 .
- the computing unit 33 may specify the system fault point, which is the location where the system fault occurred, using only the system information collected by the communication unit 32, or the system information collected by the communication unit 32 and the input unit 31 may identify the system fault point based on the system information captured and digitally converted.
- the output unit 34 is connected to the switching device of one circuit breaker 300 or disconnecting switch 301 in the electric power system E, and controls the connected circuit breaker 300 or disconnecting switch 301 without going through the process bus 20 .
- the output section 34 of the protection control terminal 10-n controls the circuit breaker 300-n and disconnecting switch 301-n to which it is connected.
- the output unit 34 controls the connection destination circuit breaker 300 to be in an interrupted state in order to disconnect the system fault point specified by the calculation by the calculation unit 33. A break command to do so is output directly to the circuit breaker 300 without going through the process bus 20 .
- the circuit breaker 300 that needs to be controlled to the breaking state in order to isolate the system fault point specified by the calculation unit 33 is referred to as the "controlled object".
- the output unit 34 of the protection control terminal 10-n is connected to the control target when the control target is the circuit breaker 300 connected to another protection control terminal 10 other than the protection control terminal 10-n.
- a control command is transmitted to the protection control terminal 10 via the process bus 20 .
- a control command is a signal for controlling a controlled object to be in an interrupted state. This control command may be the same signal as the shutdown command, or may be a different signal.
- FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the operation of the protection control terminal 10 according to this embodiment.
- the protection control terminal 10 collects system information from other protection control terminals 10-n connected to the process bus 20 (step S101). The protection control terminal 10 determines whether or not a system fault has occurred based on information including the collected system information (step S102). When the protection control terminal 10 determines that a system fault has not occurred, the process proceeds to step S101.
- the protection control terminal 10 determines that a system fault has occurred, the protection control terminal 10 identifies the system fault point where the system fault occurred based on the system information (step S103). After specifying the system fault point, the protection control terminal 10 specifies the circuit breaker 300 (controlled object) for separating the system fault point from the electric power system E. FIG. The protection control terminal 10 determines whether or not this controlled object is the circuit breaker 300 connected to another protection control terminal 10-n (step S104). If the control target is not the circuit breaker 300 connected to another protection control terminal 10-n, that is, if it is the circuit breaker 30 to which it is connected, the protection control terminal 10 controls the circuit breaker 300 , the breaker 300 to be controlled is placed in the cut-off state (step S105).
- step S106 When the control target is the circuit breaker 300 connected to the other protection control terminal 10-n, the protection control terminal 10, to the other protection control terminal 10-n to which the control target is connected A control command is output via the process bus 20 (step S106). As a result, when the other protection control terminal 10-n to which the controlled object is connected receives the control command via the process bus 20, it outputs a cutoff command to the circuit breaker 300 connected to the control terminal 10-n. Blocks the target.
- step S106 when the control target is the circuit breaker 300 connected to the other protection control terminal 10-n, the protection control terminal 10
- the control command may be output to the protection control terminal 10-m other than the protection control terminal 10-n.
- the case where the other protection control terminal 10-n has not output the shutdown command to the controlled object within the predetermined period is, for example, the case where the controlled object has not been in the shutdown state within the prescribed period.
- the protection control terminal 10 determines whether or not the controlled object is in the shutdown state within a predetermined period based on the system information, so that another protection control terminal 10-n issues a shutdown command to the controlled object within the predetermined period , or whether or not a shutdown command has been output to the controlled object by communicating with another protection control terminal 10-n.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of the operation flow of the protection control terminal 10 according to this embodiment.
- Instrument transformer 400-1 transmits the electric quantity of transmission line 600-1 to protection control terminal 10-1. Further, instrument transformer 400-2 transmits the electric quantity of first bus 500a to protection control terminal 10-2. Instrument transformer 400-3 transmits the electric quantity of bus line B 500b to protection control terminal 10-2.
- the protection control terminal 10-1 A/D-converts the electric quantity of the transmission line 600-1 into digital data and transmits the digital data to the process bus 20.
- the protection control terminal 10 - 2 AD-converts each of the electric quantity of the A bus line 500 a and the electric quantity of the B bus line 500 b into digital data, and transmits each digital data to the process bus 20 .
- the protection control terminal 10-1 collects, via the process bus 20, digital data on the amount of electricity on the bus line A 500a and the amount of electricity on the bus line B 500b. Then, protection control terminal 10-1 identifies the system fault point based on the digital data of transmission line 600-1, the digital data of the amount of electricity of bus line A 500a, and the amount of electricity of bus line B 500b. Protection control terminal 10-1 directly transmits a shutdown command to circuit breaker 300-1, which is a control target for disconnecting the identified system fault point from power system E. FIG. The circuit breaker 300-1 is placed in the cut-off state by the cut-off command. As a result, the fault point shown in FIG. 6 is disconnected from the power system E.
- the system fault point is specified.
- the IED 210 transmits a disconnection command to the PIU 200-1 to disconnect the circuit breaker 300-1, which is the control target for disconnecting the identified system fault point from the power system E. do.
- the PIU 200-1 isolates the system fault point from the power system E by converting the shutdown command from the IED into an electrical signal and transmitting it to the circuit breaker 300-1.
- the distributed protection and control system 1 of this embodiment can reduce the number of IEDs 210 by including the protection and control terminal 10 . This eliminates the need for communication between the PIU 200 and the IED 210 via the process bus 20, and by replacing them with the protection control terminal 10, the transmission delay time of the shutdown command can be minimized.
- each of protection control terminals 10-2 to 10-4 also outputs digital data of transmission line 600-1, the amount of electricity of bus line A 500a, and the amount of electricity of bus line B 500b. Arithmetic processing for identifying the system fault point is executed based on the quantity of digital data to identify the system fault point. For example, the protection control terminal 10-2 collects digital data of the power transmission line 600-1 via the process bus 20, Identify system fault points based on the amount of digital data. Each of the protection control terminal 10-3 and the protection control terminal 10-4 receives the digital data of the transmission line 600-1, the amount of electricity of the bus line A 500a, and the amount of electricity of the bus line B 500b via the process bus 20.
- All or at least one of the protection control terminals 10-2 to 10-4 is cut off without the protection control terminal 10-1 transmitting a cut-off command to the circuit breaker 300-1 within the set predetermined time.
- the device 300-1 When the device 300-1 is not in the cut-off state, it operates as a backup device and transmits a control command to the protection control terminal 10-1 via the process bus 20.
- protection control terminal 10-1 receives one or more control commands, protection control terminal 10-1 transmits a cutoff command to circuit breaker 300-1.
- the case where the protection control terminal 10-1 does not transmit the shutdown command to the circuit breaker 300-1 within a predetermined time is, for example, a case where an abnormality occurs in the protection control terminal 10-1, but is not limited to this. Further, for example, when an abnormality occurs in a certain protection control terminal 10, even if another healthy protection control terminal 10 operates the corresponding circuit breaker 300 that can be removed at an optimal level with a narrower stop range as much as possible. good.
- the protection control terminal 10 is connected to one circuit breaker 300 in the power system E, controls the circuit breaker 300 without the process bus 20, System information, which is information on the power system E detected by other connected devices, is collected via the process bus 20 . Then, the protection control terminal 10 identifies the system fault point, which is the location where the system fault occurred, based on the information including the collected system information.
- a configuration such as this allows the elimination of the IED 210 in a digital substation.
- the field equipment and the PIU 200 are connected by metal wiring, and system information is transmitted from the field equipment to the PIU 200 . All system information is converted to digital signals by PIU 200 and transmitted to IED 210 via process bus 20 . Therefore, in the digital substation system of FIG. 2, it is necessary to install a large amount of wiring and signal conversion equipment, which may increase the cost and reduce the stability of the system.
- the protection and control terminals 10 are first installed near each circuit breaker 300, so it is possible to reduce the number of connection lines on site.
- the IED 210 becomes unnecessary, and the number of devices constituting the process bus system can also be reduced. As an example, the total number of devices constituting the process bus system shown in FIG. On the other hand, the number of devices constituting the process bus system of the distributed protection and control system 1 is "4" only with the distributed protection and control terminal 10 capable of realizing the same function.
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Abstract
The protection control terminal according to the present embodiment is connected to a process bus and has an output unit, a communication unit, and a calculation unit. The output unit is connected to one circuit breaker within a power system and controls the circuit breaker not via the process bus. The communication unit collects, via the process bus, system information that is information of the power system detected by other protection control terminals connected to the process bus. On the basis of information including the system information from other protection control terminals, which is collected by the communication unit, the calculation unit specifies a system accident point that is a site where a system accident has occurred.
Description
本発明の実施形態は、保護制御端末及び分散型保護制御システムに関する。
Embodiments of the present invention relate to protection control terminals and distributed protection control systems.
IEC61850に準拠した伝送方式を採用したデジタル変電所システムに配置される保護リレーは、電力系統で発生する事故をいち早く検知し、その事故部分を電力系統から切り離して事故の影響を最小限にすることで大規模停電に至らぬよう重要な役目を担っている。電力系統からの切り離しは、保護リレーから指令を受けた遮断器によって行われる。また、制御装置は電力供給を制御し電力系統の電気量を計測すると共に、変電所構内全体の監視制御を行う。変電所内の電力系統には、開閉装置(遮断器や断路器など)や計器用変成器(電流計や電圧計など)などの各種機器(以下、「現場機器」という。)が設置されている。
Protective relays installed in a digital substation system that employs a transmission method that conforms to IEC61850 quickly detect accidents that occur in the power system and isolate the accident part from the power system to minimize the impact of the accident. It plays an important role in preventing large-scale power outages. Disconnection from the power grid is performed by a circuit breaker commanded by a protective relay. In addition, the control device controls power supply, measures the amount of electricity in the power system, and monitors and controls the entire substation premises. Various devices (hereinafter referred to as "field devices") such as switchgears (circuit breakers, disconnectors, etc.) and instrument transformers (ammeters, voltmeters, etc.) are installed in the power system in the substation. .
保護リレーの一例として、落雷などにより事故が発生すると大電流が流れるため、放置すると設備(電力送電設備や電気所構内設備)の破損を引き起こす。保護リレーは、電力系統の電圧、電流の状態により事故を現場機器から検出し、遮断器に対して遮断指令を出力し、遮断器を開放することで、系統事故が発生した部分(以下、「系統事故点」という。)を運用中の系統から切り離す。保護リレーとしての責務は、系統事故の影響を最小限にするために、できるだけ短時間で事故を除去すること共に停電範囲を最小限にすることである。このため、保護リレーの種類としては、影響を最小限にする部分に区切られた保護範囲で系統の保護を行うもので、送電線保護、母線保護や変圧器保護などの保護リレーがある。
As an example of a protective relay, if an accident occurs due to a lightning strike, etc., a large current will flow, and if left unattended, it will cause damage to the equipment (power transmission equipment and equipment on the premises of the electrical station). Protection relays detect faults from on-site equipment based on the state of the voltage and current of the power system, output a shutdown command to the circuit breaker, and open the circuit breaker to detect the part where the system fault occurred (hereinafter referred to as " (referred to as "system fault point") from the system in operation. The responsibility as a protective relay is to minimize the extent of blackouts along with clearing faults in as short a time as possible in order to minimize the effects of system faults. For this reason, there are types of protection relays that protect the system in a protection range that is divided into sections that minimize the impact, such as transmission line protection, bus bar protection, and transformer protection.
デジタル変電所システムに配置される制御端末は、変電所構内に配置される各種の現場機器の制御(入り切り操作など)を行う。制御端末は、主に手動あるいは自動にて制御されるものであり、電力系統の運用状態や季節・時間などで異なる制御が行われる場合がある。また、制御端末は、電力系統の電流,電圧,検圧や遮断器や断路器の開閉状態などの系統情報を現場機器から取得し、その取得した系統情報をデジタル変電所システムのネットワークを介して、必要とされる各種端末・サーバ等の装置に通知する。また、遮断器単位に配置される制御端末は、これら端末・サーバからの手動あるいは自動による開閉指令をネットワーク経由で受信し、変電所構内に配置される遮断器、断路器等の開閉装置に対して、開閉指令を出力する。
The control terminal installed in the digital substation system controls various on-site equipment installed in the substation (turning on and off operations, etc.). The control terminal is mainly controlled manually or automatically, and different control may be performed depending on the operating state of the electric power system, season, time, and the like. In addition, the control terminal acquires system information such as the current, voltage, and voltage of the power system and the open/close status of circuit breakers and disconnectors from the field equipment, and transmits the acquired system information via the network of the digital substation system. , to various devices such as terminals and servers that are required. In addition, the control terminal installed for each circuit breaker receives manual or automatic switching commands from these terminals/servers via the network, and controls switching devices such as circuit breakers and to output the open/close command.
図1は、従来の変電所システムの構成例を示す。図1に示す従来の変電所システムでは、互いに独立した複数の保護リレー装置100及び複数の制御装置101が設置され、各保護リレー装置100は、電力系統の保護や制御に必要な系統情報である電流や電圧などの電気量情報を計器用変成器400から取り込んだり、遮断器300に対して遮断指令を出力したりする。そのため、従来の変電所システムでは、保護リレー装置と現場機器との接続が全てメタルケーブル(図1に示す点線)のよる接続で構成されている。電流、電圧などの電力系統内の電気量を検出する計器用変成器400は、アナログ信号で通信する必要がある。そのため、計器用変成器400との通信接続は全てメタルケーブルが使用される。保護リレー装置100は、メタルケーブルを介して計器用変成器400から受信した電気量のアナログデータをデジタルデータに変換する。保護リレー装置100は、このデジタルデータを用いた演算結果によって、遮断器300の遮断制御が必要であると判定した場合には、遮断指令を遮断器300に出力する。このように、従来の変電所システムでは、変電所構内に大量のメタルケーブルを敷設するためのケーブルピットや処理スペースが必要であった。尚、ここでは保護リレーを一例として説明したが、制御装置101においても計器用変成器や遮断器、断路器等の現場機器に接続されている。
Figure 1 shows a configuration example of a conventional substation system. In the conventional substation system shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of mutually independent protection relay devices 100 and a plurality of control devices 101 are installed, and each protection relay device 100 is system information necessary for protection and control of the power system. It takes in electrical quantity information such as current and voltage from instrument transformer 400 and outputs a break command to circuit breaker 300 . Therefore, in the conventional substation system, all the connections between the protective relay devices and the field devices are configured by metal cables (dotted lines shown in FIG. 1). Voltage transformers 400 that detect electrical quantities in the power system, such as current and voltage, need to communicate with analog signals. Therefore, metal cables are used for all communication connections with instrument transformer 400 . The protection relay device 100 converts the analog data of electric quantity received from the instrument transformer 400 via the metal cable into digital data. The protection relay device 100 outputs a break command to the breaker 300 when it is determined that the break control of the breaker 300 is necessary based on the calculation result using the digital data. Thus, conventional substation systems require cable pits and processing spaces for laying large amounts of metal cables within the substation premises. Although the protection relay has been described here as an example, the control device 101 is also connected to on-site devices such as instrument transformers, circuit breakers, and disconnectors.
現在、デジタル変電所システムを構成するための製品として、IEC 61850適用のステーションバス・プロセスバスシステム用に以下に列挙する各種端末が製品化されている。
Currently, various terminals listed below have been commercialized for station bus and process bus systems that apply IEC 61850 as products for configuring a digital substation system.
・ITC:Intelligent Tele-communication SystemあるいはGW:Gate Way(ステーションレベに配置)。
・IED:Intelligent Electrical Device(ベイレベルに配置)。
・PIU:Process Interface UnitあるいはMU:Merging Unit(プロセスレベルに配置)。 - ITC: Intelligent Tele-communication System or GW: Gate Way (located at the station level).
• IED: Intelligent Electrical Device (located at bay level).
• PIU: Process Interface Unit or MU: Merging Unit (located at the process level).
・IED:Intelligent Electrical Device(ベイレベルに配置)。
・PIU:Process Interface UnitあるいはMU:Merging Unit(プロセスレベルに配置)。 - ITC: Intelligent Tele-communication System or GW: Gate Way (located at the station level).
• IED: Intelligent Electrical Device (located at bay level).
• PIU: Process Interface Unit or MU: Merging Unit (located at the process level).
図2は、デジタル変電所システム(プロセスバスシステム)の構成例を示す。図2に示すプロセスバスシステムでは、IED相互間や変電所構内の各レベルに配置の各種端末間が変電所構内にて通信ネットワークを介して接続されるシステム構成になる。現状のプロセスバスシステムは、電力系統の保護機能あるいは制御機能ごとにIED210がベイレベル(配電盤室)に配置されている。IED210の制御対象(遮断器300など)は、遮断器300単位あるいは回線単位であって、その回線毎に遮断器300等の現場機器の近傍に配置されるPIU(MU)200に対してプロセスレベルのネットワークを介して接続される。PIU200で得られる各種系統情報や端末間の通信信号を含むすべての情報は、プロセスレベルのデジタル通信ネットワークで送受される。
Figure 2 shows a configuration example of a digital substation system (process bus system). The process bus system shown in FIG. 2 has a system configuration in which IEDs and various terminals arranged at each level within the substation are connected via a communication network within the substation. In the current process bus system, an IED 210 is arranged at the bay level (distribution board room) for each protection function or control function of the electric power system. The control target (circuit breaker 300, etc.) of the IED 210 is a circuit breaker 300 unit or a line unit, and the process level for the PIU (MU) 200 arranged near the field equipment such as the circuit breaker 300 for each line. connected through the network of All information including various system information obtained by the PIU 200 and communication signals between terminals are transmitted and received through a process-level digital communication network.
従来の保護リレー装置は、現場機器から入力されるアナログデータをデジタルデータにA/D変換(アナログ/デジタル変換:Analog to Digital)し、このデジタルデータを用いて保護リレー演算などの必要な演算を実行して系統事故の発生を検出する。
Conventional protection relay devices convert analog data input from on-site equipment into digital data (Analog to Digital), and use this digital data to perform necessary operations such as protection relay operations. Run to detect the occurrence of a grid fault.
一方で、近年の情報通信技術の進歩に伴って、プロセスバス20を使用する電力系統に係る設備についてもネットワーク化が進んでいる。このようなネットワーク化の一つとして、分散型の保護制御システムが実用化されている。分散型の保護制御システムは、従来の保護リレー装置を機能的に分散させたものであり、典型的には、電力系統から電流や電圧などの系統情報を収集する1つまたは複数のPIU200が設けられる。
On the other hand, with the recent advances in information and communication technology, the networking of equipment related to the power system that uses the process bus 20 is also progressing. As one of such networking, a distributed protection control system has been put into practical use. A distributed protection and control system is a functionally distributed version of a conventional protection relay device, typically provided with one or more PIUs 200 that collect system information such as current and voltage from the power system. be done.
PIU200は、上述したように、入力されるアナログデータからA/D変換によりデジタルデータを生成し、生成したデジタルデータを、通信回線を介してIED210に出力する。系統事故の発生などの判定は、その通信回線を介して接続されたIED210が、そのデータ(デジタルデータ)に基づいて演算を実行する。
As described above, the PIU 200 generates digital data by A/D conversion from input analog data, and outputs the generated digital data to the IED 210 via a communication line. IED210 connected via the communication line performs an operation based on the data (digital data), such as determination of generation|occurrence|production of a system fault.
IED210は、現場機器の近傍に設置されるPIU200から遮断器に対して遮断指令を出力させることで遮断器300や断路器301等の開閉装置310を制御する。これにより、IED210から開閉装置310に対して遮断指令をメタルケーブルで送信する必要がなくなり、メタルケーブルの費用を削減することが可能となる。更に、伝送回路の信頼性向上を目的とするため、PIU200と伝送路を含めて2重化することで冗長化を図り、プロセスバス等の一部に不具合が発生した場合でも、事故時の保護遮断が可能である。
The IED 210 controls the switchgear 310 such as the breaker 300 and the disconnecting switch 301 by outputting a break command to the breaker from the PIU 200 installed near the field equipment. This eliminates the need to transmit a cut-off command from the IED 210 to the switchgear 310 via a metal cable, making it possible to reduce the cost of the metal cable. Furthermore, in order to improve the reliability of the transmission circuit, redundancy is achieved by duplicating the transmission line including the PIU 200, and even if a problem occurs in part of the process bus, etc., protection in the event of an accident Blocking is possible.
現在、国内外で大規模化及び複雑化する電力系統に対して進められている通信システムは、変圧器の保護装置や母線の制御装置など,対象ごとに独立した保護リレー装置や制御装置を設置する図1に示すシステム構成である。そのため、図2に示すように、IEC 61850等のグローバル標準の通信ネットワークによるプロセスバスシステムの構成にすることで、変電所構内の現場機器の近傍に配置のPIU200から保護IED210や制御IED211までのメタルケーブルによる配線がネットワークのケーブルに置き換わり、メタルケーブルを削減することが可能となる。ただし、図2に示すシステム構成では、図1と同様に、保護IED210と制御IED211は、機能単位の装置構成のままであり、図1に示す従来の変電所システムの保護リレー装置や制御装置と比較して装置数が削減できない。また、図2のように、各現場機器の近傍にPIU200が設置されるので、図1に示す従来の保護制御機能を実現する上では、保護IED210と制御IED211と共にPIU200が必要になる。そのため、各種端末数が増加するので不良発生率が上昇するなど信頼度上の課題がある。
Currently, communication systems are being developed for large-scale and complex electric power systems in Japan and overseas. Independent protection relay devices and control devices are installed for each target, such as transformer protection devices and bus control devices. It is a system configuration shown in FIG. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 2, by configuring a process bus system based on a global standard communication network such as IEC 61850, metal wiring from the PIU 200 placed near the field equipment in the substation to the protection IED 210 and control IED 211 can be achieved. Wiring by cables can be replaced with network cables, making it possible to reduce metal cables. However, in the system configuration shown in FIG. 2, as in FIG. 1, the protection IED 210 and the control IED 211 are still configured on a functional basis, and are different from the protection relay device and control device of the conventional substation system shown in FIG. The number of devices cannot be reduced by comparison. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 2, the PIU 200 is installed in the vicinity of each field device, so the PIU 200 is required together with the protection IED 210 and the control IED 211 in order to realize the conventional protection control function shown in FIG. As a result, the number of terminals of various types increases, which raises reliability issues such as an increase in the failure rate.
本発明が解決しようとする課題は、デジタル変電所において、IEDを削減することができると共に、保護制御機能を遮断器あるいか回線単位に統合した保護制御端末及び分散型保護制御システムを提供することである。
The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a protection control terminal and a distributed protection control system that can reduce the number of IEDs in a digital substation and integrate the protection control function for each circuit breaker or line. is.
実施形態の保護制御端末は、プロセスバスに接続されるものであって、出力部と、通信部と、演算部とを持つ。出力部は、電力系統内の1つの遮断器に接続され、前記プロセスバスを介さずに前記遮断器を制御する。通信部は、前記プロセスバスに接続される他の保護制御端末が検出した前記電力系統の情報である系統情報を、前記プロセスバスを介して収集する。演算部は、前記通信部で収集した他の保護制御達末からの前記系統情報を含む情報に基づいて、系統事故が発生した箇所である系統事故点を特定する。
The protection control terminal of the embodiment is connected to the process bus and has an output section, a communication section, and a calculation section. The output is connected to one circuit breaker in the power system and controls the circuit breaker without going through the process bus. The communication unit collects, via the process bus, system information, which is information on the power system detected by other protection control terminals connected to the process bus. The calculation unit identifies a system fault point where the system fault has occurred, based on information including the system information from other protection control terminals collected by the communication unit.
以下、実施形態の保護制御端末及び分散型保護制御システムを、図面を参照して説明する。
The protection control terminal and the distributed protection control system of the embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings.
図3は、本実施形態の保護制御端末を備える分散型保護制御システム1の構成例を示す図である。分散型保護制御システム1は、変電所の保護や監視を行う。分散型保護制御システム1は、国際規格IEC 61850が適用されたシステムである。分散型保護制御システム1は、広域の電力系統Eを安定化させるために変電所等の電気所個々に配置される保護制御システムで、系統運用や系統事故の検出に応じて変電所構内の現場機器を制御する。変電所構内は、複数の現場機器と、母線500と、複数の送電線600と、変圧器700等(その他、調相設備等、電力系統の安定運用に必要な設備)を備える。
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the distributed protection and control system 1 including the protection and control terminals of this embodiment. The distributed protection and control system 1 protects and monitors substations. The distributed protection control system 1 is a system to which the international standard IEC 61850 is applied. The distributed protection and control system 1 is a protection and control system that is installed at each electrical station such as a substation in order to stabilize the wide-area power system E. Control your equipment. The substation premises include a plurality of field devices, a bus 500, a plurality of transmission lines 600, transformers 700, etc. (and other facilities necessary for stable operation of the power system, such as phase modifying facilities).
例えば、現場機器は、遮断器300や断路器301及び計器用変成器400を含む。遮断器300は、例えば、ガス絶縁遮断器(Gas Insulated Switchgear)などである。計器用変成器400は、例えば、電圧変成器(Voltage Transformer)や変流器(Current Transformer)である。計器用変成器400は、母線や送電線などの電圧や電流などの電気量である系統情報を計測するために配置される。図3に示す例では、開閉装置310は、遮断器300及び断路器301を備える。
For example, the field equipment includes the circuit breaker 300, the disconnecting switch 301, and the instrument transformer 400. The circuit breaker 300 is, for example, a gas insulated switchgear. The instrument transformer 400 is, for example, a voltage transformer or a current transformer. The instrument transformer 400 is arranged to measure system information, which is electric quantities such as voltage and current of busbars and transmission lines. In the example shown in FIG. 3 , the switchgear 310 includes a circuit breaker 300 and a disconnector 301 .
系統情報は、母線や送電線などの電圧や電流などの電力系統Eの電気量の他に、電力系統Eの電力の需給状態や電力系統Eの接続状態などの情報を含んでもよい。電力の需給状態とは、電力系統Eの負荷の情報や電力系統Eに接続される発電機の発電量などの情報を含む。電力系統Eの接続状態とは、電力系統Eに含まれる遮断器300や断路器301の接続情報を含む。
The system information may include information such as the power supply and demand status of the power system E and the connection status of the power system E, in addition to the electric quantity of the power system E such as the voltage and current of the bus and transmission lines. The power supply and demand state includes information on the load of the power system E, information on the amount of power generated by generators connected to the power system E, and the like. The connection state of the power system E includes connection information of the circuit breakers 300 and disconnectors 301 included in the power system E. FIG.
図3に例示する変電所の電力系統Eは、現場機器として、4つの遮断器300-1~300-4と、3つの計器用変成器400-1~400-4とを備える。なお、ハイフン以下の符号は、複数の同じ種類の構成要素を互いに区別するものである。複数の同じ種類の構成を互いに区別しない場合には、ハイフン以下の符号を省略する場合がある。
The substation power system E illustrated in FIG. 3 includes four circuit breakers 300-1 to 300-4 and three instrument transformers 400-1 to 400-4 as field devices. It should be noted that the symbols following the hyphen are used to distinguish a plurality of components of the same type from each other. If multiple configurations of the same type are not distinguished from each other, the symbols following the hyphen may be omitted.
遮断器300-1は、母線500に接続されている送電線600-1に設置されている。母線500は、甲母線500aと乙母線500bとを含む二重母線方式の母線である。
The circuit breaker 300-1 is installed on the transmission line 600-1 connected to the bus 500. The busbar 500 is a double-busbar type busbar including a busbar A and a busbar B 500b.
遮断器300-2は、甲母線500aと乙母線500bとの間に接続されている。遮断器300-3は、母線500に接続されている送電線600-2に設置されている。送電線600-2は、変圧器700に接続される。遮断器300-4は、変圧器700に接続されている送電線600-3に設置されている。
The circuit breaker 300-2 is connected between the first bus line 500a and the second bus line 500b. Circuit breaker 300-3 is installed on transmission line 600-2 connected to bus 500. FIG. Transmission line 600 - 2 is connected to transformer 700 . Circuit breaker 300 - 4 is installed on transmission line 600 - 3 connected to transformer 700 .
計器用変成器400-1は、送電線600-1に設置されており、送電線600-1の電気量を計測する。電気量とは、例えば、電圧や電流の情報である。計器用変成器400-1は、例えば電圧変成器である。
Instrument transformer 400-1 is installed on transmission line 600-1 and measures the amount of electricity in transmission line 600-1. The quantity of electricity is, for example, information on voltage or current. Instrument transformer 400-1 is, for example, a voltage transformer.
計器用変成器400-2は、甲母線500aに設置されており、甲母線500aの電気量を計測する。計器用変成器400-2は、例えば電圧変成器である。計器用変成器400-3は、乙母線500bに設置されており、乙母線500bの電気量を計測する。計器用変成器400-3は、例えば電圧変成器である。計器用変成器400-4は、送電線600-1に設置されており、送電線600-1の電気量を計測する。計器用変成器400-4は、例えば計器用変流器である。
The instrument transformer 400-2 is installed on the first bus line 500a and measures the electric quantity of the first bus line 500a. Instrument transformer 400-2 is, for example, a voltage transformer. The instrument transformer 400-3 is installed on the Otsu bus line 500b and measures the electric quantity of the Otsu bus line 500b. Instrument transformer 400-3 is, for example, a voltage transformer. Instrument transformer 400-4 is installed in transmission line 600-1 and measures the amount of electricity in transmission line 600-1. Instrumentation transformer 400-4 is, for example, an instrumentation current transformer.
本実施形態の分散型保護制御システム1は、図2に例示したような独立したIED210を設置する構成ではなく、各遮断器300単位で現場機器の近傍に遮断器(あるいは回線)単位に設置される保護制御端末10を備え、この保護制御端末10に保護制御機能を実装させる。保護制御機能とは、遮断器などを制御することで変電所内の電力系統や電力設備を保護する保護機能と電力系統内の系統情報を監視や現場機器を制御する監視制御機能とを含む。遮断器300ごとに設置される保護制御端末10同士は、プロセスバス20を介して互いに系統情報の授受を行い、他の保護制御端末10から得られた情報も使って保護制御端末の演算部で系統事故点を特定する。そして、保護制御端末10は、特定した事故点に応じて、必要な遮断器に遮断指令を送信する。
The distributed protection control system 1 of the present embodiment is not configured to install an independent IED 210 as illustrated in FIG. The protection control terminal 10 is equipped with a protection control function. The protection control function includes a protection function that protects the power system and power equipment in the substation by controlling a circuit breaker, etc., and a monitoring control function that monitors system information in the power system and controls field equipment. The protection control terminals 10 installed for each circuit breaker 300 exchange system information with each other via the process bus 20, and the information obtained from the other protection control terminals 10 is also used to Identify system fault points. Then, the protection control terminal 10 transmits a break command to a necessary circuit breaker according to the identified fault point.
以下に、本実施形態の分散型保護制御システム1の構成例を説明する。図3に示すように、分散型保護制御システム1は、複数の保護制御端末10を備える。図3に示す例では、分散型保護制御システム1は、4つの保護制御端末10(10-1~10-4)を備えるが、これに限定されない。分散型保護制御システム1は、複数の保護制御端末10を備えていればよく、保護制御端末10の数には特に限定されない。なお、保護制御端末10-1~10-4のそれぞれを区別しない場合には、「保護制御端末10」と称する場合がある。なお、図3及び図6に示す点線は、メタルケーブルの配線を示す。
A configuration example of the distributed protection control system 1 of this embodiment will be described below. As shown in FIG. 3 , the distributed protection and control system 1 includes multiple protection and control terminals 10 . In the example shown in FIG. 3, the distributed protection control system 1 includes four protection control terminals 10 (10-1 to 10-4), but is not limited to this. The distributed protection control system 1 only needs to have a plurality of protection control terminals 10, and the number of protection control terminals 10 is not particularly limited. When the protection control terminals 10-1 to 10-4 are not distinguished from each other, they may be referred to as "protection control terminals 10". Dotted lines shown in FIGS. 3 and 6 indicate the wiring of metal cables.
複数の保護制御端末10は、プロセスバス20に接続される。保護制御端末10は、遮断器300(あるいは回線)ごとに対応して設けられる。
A plurality of protection control terminals 10 are connected to the process bus 20 . A protection control terminal 10 is provided for each circuit breaker 300 (or line).
保護制御端末10-1は、遮断器300-1に対応して設けられ、遮断器300-1の近傍に設けられる。保護制御端末10-1は、遮断器300-1にメタルケーブルを介して接続される。保護制御端末10-1は、遮断器300-1に対して遮断指令を出力することで、遮断器300-1を遮断状態に制御することができる。また、保護制御端末10-1は、計器用変成器400-1にメタルケーブルを介して接続される。保護制御端末10-1は、計器用変成器400-4に接続される。保護制御端末10-1は、計器用変成器400-4の電気量を計測演算する。
The protection control terminal 10-1 is provided corresponding to the circuit breaker 300-1 and is provided near the circuit breaker 300-1. Protection control terminal 10-1 is connected to circuit breaker 300-1 via a metal cable. Protection control terminal 10-1 can control circuit breaker 300-1 to be in an interrupted state by outputting a circuit breaker command to circuit breaker 300-1. Protection control terminal 10-1 is also connected to instrument transformer 400-1 via a metal cable. Protection control terminal 10-1 is connected to instrument transformer 400-4. Protection control terminal 10-1 measures and calculates the electric quantity of instrument transformer 400-4.
保護制御端末10-2は、遮断器300-2に対応して設けられ、遮断器300-2の近傍に設けられる。保護制御端末10-2は、遮断器300-2にメタルケーブルを介して接続される。保護制御端末10-2は、遮断器300-2に対して遮断指令を出力することで、遮断器300-2を遮断状態に制御することができる。また、保護制御端末10-2は、計器用変成器400-2、計器用変成器400-3、及び開閉装置310-2内の計器用変成器400-7のそれぞれに対してメタルケーブルを介して接続される。保護制御端末10-2は、計器用変成器400-2の計測値、計器用変成器400-3及び計器用変成器400-7の電気量を計測演算する。
The protection control terminal 10-2 is provided corresponding to the circuit breaker 300-2 and is provided near the circuit breaker 300-2. Protection control terminal 10-2 is connected to circuit breaker 300-2 via a metal cable. Protection control terminal 10-2 can control circuit breaker 300-2 to be in an interrupted state by outputting a circuit breaker command to circuit breaker 300-2. In addition, protection control terminal 10-2 is connected to instrument transformer 400-2, instrument transformer 400-3, and instrument transformer 400-7 in switchgear 310-2 via metal cables. connected. Protection control terminal 10-2 measures and calculates the measured value of instrument transformer 400-2 and the electric quantity of instrument transformers 400-3 and 400-7.
保護制御端末10-3は、遮断器300-3に対応して設けられ、遮断器300-3の近傍に設けられる。保護制御端末10-3は、遮断器300-3にメタルケーブルを介して接続される。保護制御端末10-3は、遮断器300-3に対して遮断指令を出力することで、遮断器300-3を遮断状態に制御することができる。保護制御端末10-3は、変圧器700の二次側に設置された計器用変成器400-5(計器用変流器)にメタルケーブルを介して接続される。
The protection control terminal 10-3 is provided corresponding to the circuit breaker 300-3 and is provided near the circuit breaker 300-3. Protection control terminal 10-3 is connected to circuit breaker 300-3 via a metal cable. Protection control terminal 10-3 can control circuit breaker 300-3 to be in a cut-off state by outputting a cut-off command to circuit breaker 300-3. Protection control terminal 10-3 is connected to instrument transformer 400-5 (instrument current transformer) installed on the secondary side of transformer 700 via a metal cable.
保護制御端末10-4は、遮断器300-4に対応して設けられ、遮断器300-4の近傍に設けられる。保護制御端末10-4は、遮断器300-4にメタルケーブルを介して接続される。保護制御端末10-4は、遮断器300-4に対して遮断指令を出力することで、遮断器300-4を遮断状態に制御することができる。保護制御端末10-4は、変圧器700の一次側に設置された計器用変成器400-6(計器用変流器)にメタルケーブルを介して接続される。
The protection control terminal 10-4 is provided corresponding to the circuit breaker 300-4 and is provided near the circuit breaker 300-4. Protection control terminal 10-4 is connected to circuit breaker 300-4 via a metal cable. Protection control terminal 10-4 can control circuit breaker 300-4 to be in an interrupted state by outputting a circuit breaker command to circuit breaker 300-4. The protection control terminal 10-4 is connected via a metal cable to an instrumentation transformer 400-6 (instrumentation current transformer) installed on the primary side of the transformer 700. FIG.
図4は、本実施形態に係る保護制御端末10の構成例を示す図である。図4に示すように、保護制御端末10は、例えば、入力部31と、通信部32と、演算部33と、出力部34を備える。これらの構成要素は、例えば、CPU(Central Processing Unit)等のハードウェアプロセッサがプログラム(ソフトウェア)を実行することにより実現される。また、これらの構成要素のうち一部または全部は、LSI(Large Scale Integrated circuit)やASIC(Application Specific Integrated Circuit)、FPGA(Field-Programmable Gate Array)、GPU(Graphics Processing Unit)等のハードウェア(回路部;circuitryを含む)によって実現されてもよいし、ソフトウェアとハードウェアの協働によって実現されてもよい。プログラムは、予めHDD(Hard Disk Drive)やフラッシュメモリ等の記憶装置(非一過性の記憶媒体を備える記憶装置)に格納されていてもよいし、DVDやCD-ROM等の着脱可能な記憶媒体(非一過性の記憶媒体)に格納されており、記憶媒体がドライブ装置に装着されることで記憶装置にインストールされてもよい。記憶装置は、例えば、HDD、フラッシュメモリ、EEPROM(Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory)、ROM(Read Only Memory)、またはRAM(Random Access Memory)等により構成される。
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the protection control terminal 10 according to this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4, the protection control terminal 10 includes an input unit 31, a communication unit 32, a calculation unit 33, and an output unit 34, for example. These components are realized by executing a program (software) by a hardware processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit). In addition, some or all of these components are hardware such as LSI (Large Scale Integrated circuit), ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), etc. (including circuitry), or by cooperation of software and hardware. The program may be stored in advance in a storage device such as a HDD (Hard Disk Drive) or flash memory (a storage device with a non-transitory storage medium), or may be stored in a removable storage such as a DVD or CD-ROM. It may be stored in a medium (non-transitory storage medium) and installed in the storage device by loading the storage medium into the drive device. The storage device is configured by, for example, an HDD, flash memory, EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), ROM (Read Only Memory), or RAM (Random Access Memory).
入力部31は、変電所構内の現場機器である計器用変成器400や遮断器300、断路器301等の開閉装置から電力系統Eの情報である系統情報を取込みデジタル情報に変換してプロセスバス20に送信する。例えば、入力部31は、A/D変換部31aを有する。入力部31は、メタルケーブルを介して接続されている計器用変成器400から電気量を取り込む。入力部31は、この電気量をA/D変換部31aでアナログデータからデジタルデータに変換する。入力部31およびA/D変換部31aにて変換したデジタルデータを通信部32経由でプロセスバス20に送信する。
The input unit 31 takes in system information, which is the information of the electric power system E, from switching devices such as the instrument transformer 400, the circuit breaker 300, and the disconnecting switch 301, which are field devices in the substation premises, and converts it into digital information to convert it into digital information. 20. For example, the input section 31 has an A/D conversion section 31a. The input unit 31 takes in an electric quantity from the instrument transformer 400 connected via a metal cable. The input unit 31 converts the electric quantity from analog data to digital data by the A/D conversion unit 31a. The digital data converted by the input section 31 and the A/D conversion section 31 a is transmitted to the process bus 20 via the communication section 32 .
通信部32は、プロセスバス20に接続される他の装置(例えば、他の保護制御端末10)が検出した電力系統Eの情報である系統情報を、プロセスバス20を介して収集する。図3に示す例では、保護制御端末10-n(1≦n≦4、nは整数)の通信部32は、保護制御端末10-n以外の保護制御端末10の入力部31が取り込んでデジタル変換された系統情報を、プロセスバス20を介して通信部32経由で収集する。
The communication unit 32 collects, via the process bus 20, system information, which is information about the power system E detected by other devices (for example, other protection control terminals 10) connected to the process bus 20. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the communication unit 32 of the protection control terminal 10-n (1 ≤ n ≤ 4, n is an integer) is digitally captured by the input unit 31 of the protection control terminal 10 other than the protection control terminal 10-n. The converted system information is collected via the communication unit 32 via the process bus 20 .
電力系統の保護機能として、演算部33は、通信部32で収集した系統情報を含む情報に基づいて演算処理を実行することにより系統事故が発生した箇所である系統事故点を特定する。例えば、演算部33は、通信部32で収集した系統情報だけを用いて、系統事故が発生した箇所である系統事故点を特定してもよいし、通信部32で収集した系統情報及び入力部31が取り込んでデジタル変換した系統情報に基づいて系統事故点を特定してもよい。
As a power system protection function, the calculation unit 33 identifies a system fault point, which is a location where a system fault has occurred, by executing calculation processing based on information including system information collected by the communication unit 32 . For example, the computing unit 33 may specify the system fault point, which is the location where the system fault occurred, using only the system information collected by the communication unit 32, or the system information collected by the communication unit 32 and the input unit 31 may identify the system fault point based on the system information captured and digitally converted.
出力部34は、電力系統E内の1つの遮断器300や断路器301の開閉装置に接続され、プロセスバス20を介さずに接続先の遮断器300や断路器301を制御する。すなわち、保護制御端末10-nの出力部34は、接続先の遮断器300-nや断路器301-nを制御する。例えば、電力系統の保護機能として、出力部34は、演算部33が演算により特定した系統事故点を切り離すために、接続先の遮断器300を遮断状態に制御する場合には、遮断状態に制御するための遮断指令を、プロセスバス20を介さずに遮断器300に対して直接出力する。以下の説明において、演算部33が特定した系統事故点を切り離すために、遮断状態に制御する必要のある遮断器300を「制御対象」と称する。
The output unit 34 is connected to the switching device of one circuit breaker 300 or disconnecting switch 301 in the electric power system E, and controls the connected circuit breaker 300 or disconnecting switch 301 without going through the process bus 20 . In other words, the output section 34 of the protection control terminal 10-n controls the circuit breaker 300-n and disconnecting switch 301-n to which it is connected. For example, as a power system protection function, the output unit 34 controls the connection destination circuit breaker 300 to be in an interrupted state in order to disconnect the system fault point specified by the calculation by the calculation unit 33. A break command to do so is output directly to the circuit breaker 300 without going through the process bus 20 . In the following description, the circuit breaker 300 that needs to be controlled to the breaking state in order to isolate the system fault point specified by the calculation unit 33 is referred to as the "controlled object".
保護制御端末10-nの出力部34は、制御対象が保護制御端末10-n以外の他の保護制御端末10の接続先の遮断器300である場合には、その制御対象が接続されている保護制御端末10に対して、プロセスバス20を介して制御指令を送信する。制御指令は、制御対象を遮断状態に制御させるための信号である。この制御指令は、遮断指令と同じ信号であってもよいし、異なる信号であってもよい。
The output unit 34 of the protection control terminal 10-n is connected to the control target when the control target is the circuit breaker 300 connected to another protection control terminal 10 other than the protection control terminal 10-n. A control command is transmitted to the protection control terminal 10 via the process bus 20 . A control command is a signal for controlling a controlled object to be in an interrupted state. This control command may be the same signal as the shutdown command, or may be a different signal.
以下に、本実施形態に係る保護制御端末10について、保護リレー機能を一例として動作の流れを説明する。従い、制御機能においても同等の効果が期待できる。図5は、本実施形態に係る保護制御端末10の動作のフロー図である。
The flow of operation of the protection control terminal 10 according to the present embodiment will be described below using the protection relay function as an example. Therefore, the same effect can be expected in the control function as well. FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the operation of the protection control terminal 10 according to this embodiment.
保護制御端末10は、プロセスバス20に接続されている他の保護制御端末10-nから系統情報を収集する(ステップS101)。保護制御端末10は、収集した系統情報を含む情報に基づいて、系統事故が発生したか否かを判定する(ステップS102)。保護制御端末10は、系統事故が発生していないと判定した場合には、ステップS101に移行する。
The protection control terminal 10 collects system information from other protection control terminals 10-n connected to the process bus 20 (step S101). The protection control terminal 10 determines whether or not a system fault has occurred based on information including the collected system information (step S102). When the protection control terminal 10 determines that a system fault has not occurred, the process proceeds to step S101.
保護制御端末10は、系統事故が発生したと判定した場合には、系統情報に基づいてその系統事故が発生した箇所である系統事故点を特定する(ステップS103)。保護制御端末10は、系統事故点を特定すると、その系統事故点を電力系統Eから切り離すための遮断器300(制御対象)を特定する。保護制御端末10は、この制御対象が、他の保護制御端末10-nに接続されている遮断器300であるか否かを判定する(ステップS104)。保護制御端末10は、制御対象が、他の保護制御端末10-nに接続されている遮断器300ではない場合、すなわち、自らの接続先の遮断器30である場合には、その遮断器300に対して遮断指令を直接出力することで、制御対象である該遮断器300を遮断状態にする(ステップS105)。
When the protection control terminal 10 determines that a system fault has occurred, the protection control terminal 10 identifies the system fault point where the system fault occurred based on the system information (step S103). After specifying the system fault point, the protection control terminal 10 specifies the circuit breaker 300 (controlled object) for separating the system fault point from the electric power system E. FIG. The protection control terminal 10 determines whether or not this controlled object is the circuit breaker 300 connected to another protection control terminal 10-n (step S104). If the control target is not the circuit breaker 300 connected to another protection control terminal 10-n, that is, if it is the circuit breaker 30 to which it is connected, the protection control terminal 10 controls the circuit breaker 300 , the breaker 300 to be controlled is placed in the cut-off state (step S105).
保護制御端末10は、制御対象が、他の保護制御端末10-nに接続されている遮断器300である場合には、制御対象が接続されている他の保護制御端末10-nに対してプロセスバス20を介して制御指令を出力する(ステップS106)。これにより、制御対象が接続されている他の保護制御端末10-nは、プロセスバス20を介して制御指令を受信すると、接続先の遮断器300に対して遮断指令を出力することで、制御対象を遮断状態にする。
When the control target is the circuit breaker 300 connected to the other protection control terminal 10-n, the protection control terminal 10, to the other protection control terminal 10-n to which the control target is connected A control command is output via the process bus 20 (step S106). As a result, when the other protection control terminal 10-n to which the controlled object is connected receives the control command via the process bus 20, it outputs a cutoff command to the circuit breaker 300 connected to the control terminal 10-n. Blocks the target.
なお、ステップS106では、保護制御端末10は、制御対象が、他の保護制御端末10-nに接続されている遮断器300である場合において、所定期間内にその他の保護制御端末10-nが制御対象に遮断指令を出力していない場合に、保護制御端末10-n以外のその他の保護制御端末10-mに対して制御指令を出力してもよい。所定期間内に他の保護制御端末10-nが制御対象に遮断指令を出力していない場合とは、例えば、所定期間内に制御対象が遮断状態になっていない場合である。保護制御端末10は、系統情報に基づいて、所定期間内に制御対象が遮断状態になっているか否かを判定することで所定期間内に他の保護制御端末10-nが制御対象に遮断指令を出力したか否かを判定してもよいし、他の保護制御端末10-nと通信して制御対象に遮断指令が出力されたか否かを判定してもよい。
In step S106, when the control target is the circuit breaker 300 connected to the other protection control terminal 10-n, the protection control terminal 10 When the shutdown command is not output to the controlled object, the control command may be output to the protection control terminal 10-m other than the protection control terminal 10-n. The case where the other protection control terminal 10-n has not output the shutdown command to the controlled object within the predetermined period is, for example, the case where the controlled object has not been in the shutdown state within the prescribed period. The protection control terminal 10 determines whether or not the controlled object is in the shutdown state within a predetermined period based on the system information, so that another protection control terminal 10-n issues a shutdown command to the controlled object within the predetermined period , or whether or not a shutdown command has been output to the controlled object by communicating with another protection control terminal 10-n.
以下に、本実施形態に係る保護制御端末10の動作の流れの具体例を、図6を用いて説明する。図6は、本実施形態に係る保護制御端末10の動作の流れの具体例を説明する図である。
A specific example of the operation flow of the protection control terminal 10 according to this embodiment will be described below using FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of the operation flow of the protection control terminal 10 according to this embodiment.
図6に例示するように、送電線600-1に系統事故が発生したと仮定する。計器用変成器400-1は、送電線600-1の電気量を保護制御端末10-1に送信する。また、計器用変成器400-2は、甲母線500aの電気量を保護制御端末10-2に送信する。計器用変成器400-3は、乙母線500bの電気量を保護制御端末10-2に送信する。
As exemplified in FIG. 6, assume that a grid fault has occurred on transmission line 600-1. Instrument transformer 400-1 transmits the electric quantity of transmission line 600-1 to protection control terminal 10-1. Further, instrument transformer 400-2 transmits the electric quantity of first bus 500a to protection control terminal 10-2. Instrument transformer 400-3 transmits the electric quantity of bus line B 500b to protection control terminal 10-2.
保護制御端末10-1は、送電線600-1の電気量をデジタルデータにA/D変換し、そのデジタルデータをプロセスバス20に送信する。保護制御端末10-2は、甲母線500aの電気量及び乙母線500bの電気量のそれぞれをデジタルデータにAD変換し、各デジタルデータをプロセスバス20に送信する。
The protection control terminal 10-1 A/D-converts the electric quantity of the transmission line 600-1 into digital data and transmits the digital data to the process bus 20. The protection control terminal 10 - 2 AD-converts each of the electric quantity of the A bus line 500 a and the electric quantity of the B bus line 500 b into digital data, and transmits each digital data to the process bus 20 .
保護制御端末10-1は、プロセスバス20を介して、甲母線500aの電気量及び乙母線500bの電気量のデジタルデータを収集する。そして、保護制御端末10-1は、送電線600-1のデジタルデータ、甲母線500aの電気量、及び乙母線500bの電気量のデジタルデータなどに基づいて系統事故点を特定する。保護制御端末10-1は、特定した系統事故点を電力系統Eから切り離すための制御対象である遮断器300-1に対して遮断指令を直接送信する。遮断器300-1は、遮断指令によって遮断状態となる。これにより、図6に示す事故点が電力系統Eから切り離される。
The protection control terminal 10-1 collects, via the process bus 20, digital data on the amount of electricity on the bus line A 500a and the amount of electricity on the bus line B 500b. Then, protection control terminal 10-1 identifies the system fault point based on the digital data of transmission line 600-1, the digital data of the amount of electricity of bus line A 500a, and the amount of electricity of bus line B 500b. Protection control terminal 10-1 directly transmits a shutdown command to circuit breaker 300-1, which is a control target for disconnecting the identified system fault point from power system E. FIG. The circuit breaker 300-1 is placed in the cut-off state by the cut-off command. As a result, the fault point shown in FIG. 6 is disconnected from the power system E.
ここで、図2に例示する従来のデジタル変電所システムでは、図6に示す箇所に事故が発生した場合には、デジタルデータがPIU200からIED210に送信され、IED210は、プロセスバス20を介して読み取った送電線600-1のデジタルデータ、甲母線500aの電気量、及び乙母線500bの電気量のデジタルデータなどに基づいて系統事故点を特定することになる。そして、IED210は、系統事故点を特定すると、特定した系統事故点を電力系統Eから切り離すための制御対象である遮断器300-1を遮断するために、PIU200-1に対して遮断指令を送信する。PIU200-1は、IEDからの遮断指令を電気信号に変換して遮断器300-1に送信することで系統事故点を電力系統Eから切り離す。
Here, in the conventional digital substation system illustrated in FIG. 2, when an accident occurs at the location shown in FIG. Based on the digital data of the transmission line 600-1, the digital data of the electric quantity of the A bus line 500a, and the electric quantity of the B bus line 500b, etc., the system fault point is specified. After identifying the system fault point, the IED 210 transmits a disconnection command to the PIU 200-1 to disconnect the circuit breaker 300-1, which is the control target for disconnecting the identified system fault point from the power system E. do. The PIU 200-1 isolates the system fault point from the power system E by converting the shutdown command from the IED into an electrical signal and transmitting it to the circuit breaker 300-1.
本実施形態の分散型保護制御システム1は、保護制御端末10を備えることで、IED210を削減することができる。これにより、プロセスバス20を介してPIU200とIED210とが通信する必要がなく、これらを保護制御端末10に置き換えたことで、遮断指令の伝送遅延時間を最小限に抑制できる。
The distributed protection and control system 1 of this embodiment can reduce the number of IEDs 210 by including the protection and control terminal 10 . This eliminates the need for communication between the PIU 200 and the IED 210 via the process bus 20, and by replacing them with the protection control terminal 10, the transmission delay time of the shutdown command can be minimized.
図6では、保護制御端末10-1の他に、保護制御端末10-2~10-4のそれぞれも、送電線600-1のデジタルデータ、甲母線500aの電気量、及び乙母線500bの電気量のデジタルデータに基づいて系統事故点を特定するための演算処理を実行し、系統事故点を特定する。例えば、保護制御端末10-2は、プロセスバス20を介して送電線600-1のデジタルデータを収集し、送電線600-1のデジタルデータ、甲母線500aの電気量、及び乙母線500bの電気量のデジタルデータに基づいて系統事故点を特定する。保護制御端末10-3及び保護制御端末10-4のそれぞれは、プロセスバス20を介して送電線600-1のデジタルデータ、甲母線500aの電気量、及び乙母線500bの電気量のデジタルデータを収集し、その収集した情報に基づいて系統事故点を特定する。保護制御端末10-2~10-4のうち、全て又は少なくとも1つの保護制御端末10は、設定した所定時間内に保護制御端末10-1が遮断器300-1へ遮断指令を送信せず遮断器300-1が遮断状態ではない場合には、バックアップ装置として動作して制御指令を、プロセスバス20を介して保護制御端末10-1に送信する。保護制御端末10-1は、1つ以上の制御指令を受信すると遮断指令を遮断器300-1に送信する。所定時間内に保護制御端末10-1が遮断器300-1へ遮断指令を送信しない場合とは、例えば、保護制御端末10-1に異常が発生した場合であるが、これに限定されない。また、例えば、ある保護制御端末10に異常が発生した場合には、他の健全な保護制御端末10が、出来るだけ停止範囲を狭い最適レベルで事後除去できる該当の遮断器300を作動させてもよい。
In FIG. 6, in addition to protection control terminal 10-1, each of protection control terminals 10-2 to 10-4 also outputs digital data of transmission line 600-1, the amount of electricity of bus line A 500a, and the amount of electricity of bus line B 500b. Arithmetic processing for identifying the system fault point is executed based on the quantity of digital data to identify the system fault point. For example, the protection control terminal 10-2 collects digital data of the power transmission line 600-1 via the process bus 20, Identify system fault points based on the amount of digital data. Each of the protection control terminal 10-3 and the protection control terminal 10-4 receives the digital data of the transmission line 600-1, the amount of electricity of the bus line A 500a, and the amount of electricity of the bus line B 500b via the process bus 20. and identify system fault points based on the collected information. All or at least one of the protection control terminals 10-2 to 10-4 is cut off without the protection control terminal 10-1 transmitting a cut-off command to the circuit breaker 300-1 within the set predetermined time. When the device 300-1 is not in the cut-off state, it operates as a backup device and transmits a control command to the protection control terminal 10-1 via the process bus 20. When protection control terminal 10-1 receives one or more control commands, protection control terminal 10-1 transmits a cutoff command to circuit breaker 300-1. The case where the protection control terminal 10-1 does not transmit the shutdown command to the circuit breaker 300-1 within a predetermined time is, for example, a case where an abnormality occurs in the protection control terminal 10-1, but is not limited to this. Further, for example, when an abnormality occurs in a certain protection control terminal 10, even if another healthy protection control terminal 10 operates the corresponding circuit breaker 300 that can be removed at an optimal level with a narrower stop range as much as possible. good.
このような構成により、保護制御端末10-1のバックアップ装置を、別で設置する必要がなくなり、設備のコストを削減できる。さらに、複数の保護制御端末10で同時に事故点を特定するための演算処理を実行することが可能であるため、安全性・信頼性の向上に寄与する。
With such a configuration, there is no need to install a separate backup device for the protection control terminal 10-1, and the cost of equipment can be reduced. Furthermore, since it is possible to simultaneously execute the arithmetic processing for specifying the accident point in a plurality of protection control terminals 10, it contributes to the improvement of safety and reliability.
以上説明した少なくともひとつの実施形態によれば、保護制御端末10は、電力系統E内の1つの遮断器300に接続され、プロセスバス20を介さずに遮断器300を制御し、プロセスバス20に接続される他の装置が検出した電力系統Eの情報である系統情報を、プロセスバス20を介して収集する。そして、保護制御端末10は、収集した系統情報を含む情報に基づいて、系統事故が発生した箇所である系統事故点を特定する。これのような構成により、デジタル変電所においてIED210を無くすことができる。
According to at least one embodiment described above, the protection control terminal 10 is connected to one circuit breaker 300 in the power system E, controls the circuit breaker 300 without the process bus 20, System information, which is information on the power system E detected by other connected devices, is collected via the process bus 20 . Then, the protection control terminal 10 identifies the system fault point, which is the location where the system fault occurred, based on the information including the collected system information. A configuration such as this allows the elimination of the IED 210 in a digital substation.
例えば、図2のデジタル変電所システムでは、現場機器とPIU200とをメタル配線で接続して、系統情報が現場機器からPIU200に送信されている。全ての系統情報は、PIU200でデジタル信号に変更され、プロセスバス20を介してIED210に送信される。このため、図2のデジタル変電所システムでは、大量の配線や信号変換設備を設置する必要があり、コストが高くなったり、システムの安定性が低下したりする場合がある。本実施形態の分散型保護制御システム1では、まず各遮断器300の近くに保護制御端末10が設置されるので、現場での接続線を削減することが可能である。また、分散型保護制御システム1では、IED210が不要となり、プロセスバスシステムを構成する装置の数も削減可能である。例として、図2に示すプロセスバスシステムを構成する装置の数は、PIU200とIED210とを合わせて「7」である。一方、分散型保護制御システム1のプロセスバスシステムを構成する装置の数は、同じ機能を実現できる分散型の保護制御端末10のみで「4」である。
For example, in the digital substation system of FIG. 2, the field equipment and the PIU 200 are connected by metal wiring, and system information is transmitted from the field equipment to the PIU 200 . All system information is converted to digital signals by PIU 200 and transmitted to IED 210 via process bus 20 . Therefore, in the digital substation system of FIG. 2, it is necessary to install a large amount of wiring and signal conversion equipment, which may increase the cost and reduce the stability of the system. In the distributed protection and control system 1 of this embodiment, the protection and control terminals 10 are first installed near each circuit breaker 300, so it is possible to reduce the number of connection lines on site. Moreover, in the distributed protection control system 1, the IED 210 becomes unnecessary, and the number of devices constituting the process bus system can also be reduced. As an example, the total number of devices constituting the process bus system shown in FIG. On the other hand, the number of devices constituting the process bus system of the distributed protection and control system 1 is "4" only with the distributed protection and control terminal 10 capable of realizing the same function.
本発明のいくつかの実施形態を説明したが、これらの実施形態は、例として提示したものであり、発明の範囲を限定することは意図していない。これら実施形態は、その他の様々な形態で実施されることが可能であり、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で、種々の省略、置き換え、変更を行うことができる。例えば、制御機能についても、遮断器を制御する際の同期検定のための電気量の収集や、断路器や接地装置等も含むインターロック条件等、保護制御端末10間で情報を受け渡して制御機能を実現できる。これら実施形態やその変形は、発明の範囲や要旨に含まれると同様に、特許請求の範囲に記載された発明とその均等の範囲に含まれるものである。
Although several embodiments of the invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, regarding the control function, information is transferred between the protection control terminals 10 such as collection of electrical quantities for synchronous verification when controlling the circuit breaker, interlock conditions including disconnectors and grounding devices, etc. can be realized. These embodiments and their modifications are included in the scope and spirit of the invention, as well as the scope of the invention described in the claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
- プロセスバスに接続される保護制御端末であって、
電力系統内の1つの遮断器に接続され、前記プロセスバスを介さずに前記遮断器を制御する出力部と、
前記プロセスバスに接続される他の装置が検出した前記電力系統の情報である系統情報を、前記プロセスバスを介して収集する通信部と、
前記通信部で収集した前記系統情報を含む情報に基づいて、系統事故が発生した箇所である系統事故点を特定する演算部と、
を備える保護制御端末。 A protected control terminal connected to the process bus,
an output unit connected to one circuit breaker in a power system and controlling the circuit breaker without going through the process bus;
a communication unit that collects, via the process bus, system information, which is information about the power system detected by another device connected to the process bus;
A calculation unit that identifies a system fault point, which is a location where a system fault occurred, based on information including the system information collected by the communication unit;
Protected control terminal with - 前記電力系統内の現場機器から前記電力系統の情報である系統情報を取込み、取り込んだ前記系統情報をA/D変換して前記プロセスバスに送信する入力部を更に備える、
請求項1に記載の保護制御端末。 An input unit that captures system information, which is information of the power system, from field equipment in the power system, A / D converts the captured system information, and transmits it to the process bus.
The protection control terminal according to claim 1. - 前記出力部は、前記演算部が特定した前記系統事故点を切り離すために、接続先の前記遮断器を遮断状態に制御する場合には、前記遮断状態に制御するための遮断指令を、前記プロセスバスを介さずに前記遮断器に対して直接出力する、
請求項1又は2に記載の保護制御端末。 When the circuit breaker connected to the circuit breaker is controlled to be in a cut-off state in order to cut off the system fault point identified by the calculation unit, the output unit outputs a cut-off command for controlling the breaker to the cut-off state. output directly to the circuit breaker without going through a bus;
3. The protection control terminal according to claim 1 or 2. - 請求項1から請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の保護制御端末を複数備える分散型保護制御システムであって、
複数の前記保護制御端末のそれぞれは、前記プロセスバスに接続される他の前記保護制御端末から前記系統情報を前記通信部による取集し、収集した前記系統情報に基づいて前記系統事故点を前記演算部により特定する、
分散型保護制御システム。 A distributed protection control system comprising a plurality of protection control terminals according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Each of the plurality of protection control terminals collects the system information from the other protection control terminals connected to the process bus by the communication unit, and determines the system fault point based on the collected system information. specified by the computing unit,
Decentralized protection control system. - 複数の前記保護制御端末のそれぞれは、特定した前記系統事故点を切り離すために遮断状態に制御する必要のある前記遮断器である制御対象が、前記プロセスバスに接続される他の前記保護制御端末の接続先の前記遮断器である場合には、前記制御対象が接続されている前記保護制御端末に対して、前記遮断器を前記遮断状態に制御させるための制御指令を前記プロセスバス経由で送信する、
請求項4に記載の分散型保護制御システム。 Each of the plurality of protection control terminals is the circuit breaker that needs to be controlled to be in a cut-off state in order to isolate the identified system fault point, and the control target is the other protection control terminal connected to the process bus. is the circuit breaker to which the control target is connected, a control command for controlling the circuit breaker to the interrupted state is transmitted via the process bus to the protection control terminal to which the controlled object is connected. do,
5. The distributed protection and control system of claim 4. - 前記保護制御端末は、前記制御対象が接続されている他の前記保護制御端末が所定時間内において前記制御対象に前記遮断状態に制御するための遮断指令を送信していない場合には、前記制御対象が接続されている前記保護制御端末に対して前記制御指令を送信する 請求項5に記載の分散型保護制御システム。 If another protection control terminal to which the controlled object is connected has not transmitted a shutdown command for controlling the controlled object to the shutdown state within a predetermined time, the protection control terminal The distributed protection and control system according to claim 5, which transmits the control command to the protection and control terminal to which the target is connected.
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JPH10201081A (en) * | 1997-01-09 | 1998-07-31 | Nissin Electric Co Ltd | Automatic section switch for distribution line |
JP2003299263A (en) * | 2002-03-29 | 2003-10-17 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Monitor control system |
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JPH10201081A (en) * | 1997-01-09 | 1998-07-31 | Nissin Electric Co Ltd | Automatic section switch for distribution line |
JP2003299263A (en) * | 2002-03-29 | 2003-10-17 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Monitor control system |
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