WO2023103505A1 - 一种用于施工现场人员安全预警的方法 - Google Patents
一种用于施工现场人员安全预警的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023103505A1 WO2023103505A1 PCT/CN2022/118872 CN2022118872W WO2023103505A1 WO 2023103505 A1 WO2023103505 A1 WO 2023103505A1 CN 2022118872 W CN2022118872 W CN 2022118872W WO 2023103505 A1 WO2023103505 A1 WO 2023103505A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B7/00—Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00
- G08B7/06—Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00 using electric transmission, e.g. involving audible and visible signalling through the use of sound and light sources
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- the invention relates to a method for early warning of personnel safety at a construction site, which belongs to the field of building construction.
- Construction sites often set different safety protection measures for different levels of hazards. For sites with many hazards, it is not conducive to on-site management and artificial identification by construction personnel. In addition, due to the complex environment of the construction site, fixed protective measures may reduce safety when the environment changes. For example, when working in the open air, when there is heavy fog, construction personnel may still touch the source of danger by mistake.
- This application provides a method for early warning of personnel safety at the construction site, which is used to solve the problem that the existing early warning is not conducive to identification, and does not consider the degree of influence of environment and personnel factors on the probability of accident occurrence.
- the present invention includes the following technical solutions:
- a method for early warning of personnel safety at a construction site comprising:
- the server presets a primary safety distance L 1 and a secondary safety distance L 2 , where L 1 >L 2 ;
- a location acquisition device matching the positioning device is installed on the construction site, and the location acquisition device collects the location of the construction personnel and uploads it to the server;
- the calculation formulas for the actual trigger distance L 10 of the first-level warning and the actual trigger distance L 20 of the second-level warning are set in the server.
- the server is set with a danger source safety monitoring distance L 0 , where L 0 >L 1 ;
- the server When the distance between the construction worker and the hazard source reaches L 0 , the server will mark the construction worker as a key monitoring person, improve the distance collection frequency and accuracy, and determine whether the distance between the construction worker and the hazard source is less than or equal to L 10 , L20 .
- the server is provided with a construction worker’s walking path.
- the walking direction of the construction worker can be determined through the data collected nearby. If the walking direction or path of the construction worker is not facing the dangerous source , change the construction personnel from key monitoring personnel to ordinary construction personnel, and do not calculate L 10 and L 20 for ordinary personnel. .
- the construction worker's walking direction or path determines whether to enter the range of the hazard source L1 within b seconds; It will not enter the scope of the hazard source L 1 , and the construction worker will be marked as an ordinary construction worker by the key monitoring personnel.
- the walking path of the construction personnel is preset according to the construction environment, or is formed after DBSCAN clustering of the path points collected by the server.
- the server automatically tracks and records the follow-up path of the construction personnel until the alarm is lifted or the area where the dangerous source of radiation is left;
- the server intelligently recognizes that the behavior is gradually approaching the source of danger after the early warning signal is issued, the server will send a signal to notify the security management personnel in time.
- the alarm device is a mobile phone worn by construction workers or other equipment with vibration or sound prompts;
- the first-level early warning information is interval vibration reminder, and the second-level early warning information is continuous vibration.
- an audible and visual alarm device is installed at the hazard source, and when the server determines that the construction personnel are within the range of L 20 of the hazard source, the audible and visual alarm device is controlled to issue an audible and visual alarm.
- the server When the server receives a construction worker's operation to reduce the hazard level or eliminate the hazard source, it will determine whether another construction worker has performed the same operation on the same hazard source, and if so, reduce the hazard level or eliminate it. Source of risk.
- the server when the server receives a construction worker who adds a new hazard or increases the hazard level of the hazard, the server performs corresponding operations.
- the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects compared with the prior art: the method described in the application is provided with a secondary early warning, and considers the types of hazards, different climatic conditions, personnel factors, etc. influence, set the safety factors N 1 , N 2 , N 3 respectively, so as to calculate the actual distance L 10 , L 20 of the early warning trigger, and calculate the actual distance to the hazard source by collecting the location information of the construction personnel, and determine the actual The relationship between the distance and L 10 , L 20 , so that the alarm information is more consistent with the specific safety situation of the construction site, and can effectively avoid the occurrence of various casualties and quality accidents on the site.
- the method can also flexibly increase or eliminate hazards and change the hazard level of hazards, so that the judgment result is closer to the actual situation.
- the method sets the danger source safety monitoring distance L 0 , and when the distance between the construction personnel and the danger source reaches L 0 , the construction personnel are marked as key monitoring personnel, so as to improve the frequency and accuracy of distance collection.
- Fig. 1 is a block flow diagram of a method for early warning of personnel safety at a construction site in the present invention.
- This application adopts a two-level early warning mode.
- a first-level early warning and a second-level early warning are issued respectively.
- the distances L 10 and L 20 that actually trigger the warning are based on the preset first-level safety distance L 1 and second-level safety distance L 2 by setting the hazard source safety factor N 1 , personnel safety factor N 2 , and environmental safety factor N 3 to be adjusted.
- this application also sets a hazard source safety monitoring distance L 0 , when the distance between the construction personnel and the hazard source reaches the hazard source safety monitoring distance L 0 , the construction personnel will be marked as key monitoring personnel, which can improve the frequency and accuracy of distance collection. Due to the improvement of collection frequency and accuracy, the energy consumption of equipment will be increased, the amount of stored data will be increased, and the amount of computer calculation will be increased. By dividing construction personnel into ordinary construction personnel and key monitoring personnel, a lower The frequency of distance collection can reduce equipment energy consumption, reduce the amount of collected data, and increase the speed of effective data processing.
- a method for early warning of personnel safety at a construction site includes:
- the server presets a primary safety distance L 1 and a secondary safety distance L 2 , where L 1 >L 2 ;
- a location acquisition device matching the positioning device is installed on the construction site, and the location acquisition device collects the location of the construction personnel and uploads it to the server;
- the calculation formulas for the actual trigger distance L 10 of the first-level warning and the actual trigger distance L 20 of the second-level warning are set in the server.
- the hazard safety factor N 1 corresponds to the hazard level
- the personnel safety factor N 2 is set.
- the value range of N 2 is set to 1-1.1.
- the value range can be set as required.
- the environmental safety factor N 3 may be set according to actual environmental conditions.
- the server can collect the real-time climate (mainly weather status and wind level) issued by the local meteorological bureau on the construction site and accurately predict it, and combine the on-site light, humidity, and specific time periods to set the environmental safety factor N 3 by the management personnel.
- the environmental safety factor N is 3
- the value of the environmental safety factor N 3 can be adjusted for different construction areas and different construction heights.
- the numerical value range of the environmental safety factor N 3 is 1-1.2.
- the positioning device and the position acquisition device are used to locate the construction personnel.
- UWB positioning technology When it is located indoors, UWB positioning technology, Bluetooth positioning technology, or infrared positioning technology can be used.
- indoor Civil constructions such as pillars, walls, and beams will lead to a decrease in the positioning accuracy of UWB, Bluetooth, and RFID.
- Beidou or GPS When laying out position acquisition devices, it is necessary to avoid a large decrease in accuracy; it is also necessary to pay attention to the clock synchronization of Bluetooth and infrared positioning to improve their accuracy. positioning accuracy.
- Beidou or GPS can be used for positioning. This positioning technology has sub-meter or even centimeter-level positioning accuracy and low cost.
- the specific method is not limited, as long as the location of construction personnel can be collected.
- construction workers wear wearable devices (hard hats, wristbands) or cards with positioning chips, and several signal acquisition devices are distributed on the construction site to collect the distance between them and the positioning chips.
- the alarm device can be a mobile phone worn by construction personnel or other equipment with vibration or sound prompts.
- the first-level early warning information can be an interval vibration reminder, and its vibration frequency can be set to 1 second/time.
- Such early warning information personnel stop walking in time, observe and identify the surrounding danger sources; the second-level early warning information can be continuous vibration, prompting
- the source of danger for construction workers is very close to the human body, so they must stop walking and observe in time.
- Each construction site can also set reminder factors in the server according to actual needs, such as the type of danger source and the distance from the danger source, and can also set the alarm type, such as reminding the on-site personnel to stay away from the wet paint area.
- this application sets a hazard source safety monitoring distance L 0 , where L 0 >L 1 >L 2 ; when the distance between the construction personnel and the hazard source reaches the hazard source safety surveillance distance L 0 , the construction personnel will Mark as key monitoring personnel to improve the frequency and accuracy of distance collection. However, if the construction worker is within the scope of the safety monitoring distance L0 of the hazard source, but the walking direction and/or path is not facing the hazard source, the construction worker is not the key monitoring personnel required at this time. If it is marked as an ordinary construction worker, It will save more energy and reduce the amount of invalid data collected and stored. Further, the server is provided with a construction worker’s walking path.
- the setting of the path can be preset according to the construction environment, or can be clustered by DBSCAN to form a walking path according to the collected path points.
- the server will automatically track and record the follow-up path until the alarm is released or the area of radiation from the dangerous source is left. If the server intelligently recognizes that the behavior has further expanded to the alarm level after the early warning signal is issued, the security management personnel can be notified of this information in time; at the same time, a warning device can be hung above the danger source. The alarm device near the danger source is provided with a signal by the server to generate an early warning, so as to serve as a further reminder.
- the on-site safety administrator should consider the adjustment of various hazards on site according to the site conditions of the daily morning inspection.
- the computer confirms the instruction to modify the level of the hazard source to achieve the "AND" logic
- the elimination of the hazard source or the reduction of the hazard level can be realized in the server. If the hazard level rises, only one security administrator can upload it and temporarily modify it. Further, the server also notifies at least one other security administrator to confirm within time T. If no confirmation is received within time T, Then restore to the settings before the modification, as long as there is a security manager to confirm, the modification information will be confirmed.
- Example 1 The construction project is a super high-rise building in Shanghai. At 8 o'clock in the morning on a winter day, the weather is light and the curtain wall project is closed from bottom to top to the 50th floor. Due to design changes, a temporary opening with a size of 1m ⁇ 0.5m was opened on the northwest side of the 115th floor near the core tube. The site lacks a temporary enclosure for the opening, so the opening can only be temporarily covered with wooden boards. The alarm bell flashes red light intermittently. The hole is used to install the air-conditioning duct, which runs through the 10th floor and is about 35m deep. After analysis, it should be defined as a first-class hazard source. The on-site safety supervision has passed the audit of the hazard source.
- N 1 1.2.
- the humidity on that day was about 62%, and the weather provided by the official was from light rain to sunny and light wind; after field investigation, the real-time climate parameters set by the security administrator on site were light rain, moderate wind, and humidity 73 %, the management personnel set the environmental safety factor N 3 as 1.13.
- This floor needs to carry out pipeline installation work on this day.
- Example 2 At 10 a.m. on the same day, the weather turned fine, and the wind force on the 115th floor was reduced to a light breeze.
- the safety administrator Zhao and the supervisory safety officer Li inspected the construction site again, they found that the unsealed hole hazard in Example 1 had been rectified. , the two men eliminated the danger source on the mobile phone management terminal, and the danger source was automatically eliminated after the server received the same signal from the two men. Afterwards, Li left the construction site. Zhao continued to inspect and found that a small suspended fan was being installed at the northeast corner of the equipment and refuge floor on the 45th floor near the curtain wall. However, due to the lack of tools and auxiliary materials, the fan was temporarily closed.
- Example 3 The next day, an epoxy floor was poured in a certain area of the second-story underground garage of the construction site. After the construction was completed, the ground paint was not dry and people should be prevented from entering, but the access control on the site was damaged. People will enter this area by mistake, which will cause the paint to be damaged. Therefore, it is a three-type hazard source.
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于施工现场人员安全预警的方法,包括:服务器中预设一级安全距离L 1和二级安全距离L 2,其中L 1>L 2;在电子地图中标识出危险源,设定危险源等级,并设定安全因子N 1、N 2、N 3;位置采集装置采集施工人员的位置并上传至服务器;服务器计算与最近危险源的距离,并判定是否发出一级预警信息、二级预警信息。所述方法通过设置二级预警,并考虑安全因子N 1、N 2、N 3,从而计算L 10、L 20,通过采集施工人员的位置信息,计算与危险源之间的实际距离,并判定实际距离与L 10、L 20之间的关系,从而使报警信息更加与施工现场具体安全情形相一致,能有效避免现场各类伤亡事故和质量事故的发生。
Description
本发明涉及一种用于施工现场人员安全预警的方法,属于建筑施工领域。
目前,国内各线城市中均有大型的新建、改建或扩建项目,在大型工地的施工现场,存在诸多危险源,一旦现场各类人员对各类危险源缺乏识别能力或反应不及时,就可能发生生产安全事故,造成生命和财产的直接和间接损失,给社会带来了及其恶劣的影响。目前各类工地中,主要的生产事故为高处跌落,以及物体的主动打击和被动打击,比如,对于大型工地来说,一般洞口临边纵深较大,且引发主动打击的物体较大,往往会直接导致人员死亡事故的发生。
施工现场往往针对不同等级的危险源设定不同的安全防护措施,对于危险源较多的工地,不利于现场管理,也不利于施工人员人为识别。另外,由于施工现场环境较为复杂,固定的防护措施在环境变化时可能会降低安全性,比如露天作业时,当出现大雾天气时,施工人员仍可能误触危险源。
因此亟待开发出一种可应用于所有危险源的安全预警方法。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种用于施工现场人员安全预警的方法,用于解决现有的预警不利于识别,未考虑环境、人员因素对事故发生概率的影响程度。
为解决以上技术问题,本发明包括如下技术方案:
一种用于施工现场人员安全预警的方法,包括:
服务器中预设一级安全距离L
1和二级安全距离L
2,其中L
1>L
2;
在电子地图中标识出危险源,设定危险源等级,并根据危险源具体情况设 定危险源安全因子N
1;采集施工人员的信息,并针对施工人员分别设定人员安全因子N
2;根据环境变化,设定环境安全因子N
3;
佩戴有定位装置的施工人员进入施工现场后,施工现场中设置有与定位装置匹配的位置采集装置,位置采集装置采集施工人员的位置并上传至服务器;
服务器中设置一级预警实际触发距离L
10、二级预警实际触发距离L
20的计算公式,服务器计算与最近危险源的距离是否小于等于L
10,若是服务器则控制施工现场的警报装置发出一级预警信息,并计算与最近危险源的距离是否小于等于L
20,若是服务器则控制施工现场的警报装置发出二级预警信息;其中,L
10=L
1×N
1×N
2×N
3,L
20=L
2×N
1×N
2×N
3。
进一步,服务器中设置有危险源安全监视距离L
0,其中L
0>L
1;
当施工人员与危险源之间的距离达到L
0时,服务器将施工人员标记为重点监控人员,提高距离采集频率和精度,并判定该施工人员与危险源之间的距离是否小于等于L
10、L
20。
进一步,服务器中设置有施工人员行走路径,当施工人员被标记为重点监控人员后,通过临近采集的数据,判定该施工人员行走方向,若该施工人员行走方向或路径并非朝向所述危险源时,将该施工人员由重点监控人员修改为普通施工人员,对于普通人员不计算L
10、L
20。。
进一步,若该施工人员行走方向或路径朝向所述危险源时,判定是否在b秒内进入危险源L
1范围内,如果该施工人员行走方向和路径虽然朝向所述危险源,但在b秒不会进入危险源L
1范围内,也将该施工人员由重点监控人员标记为普通施工人员。
进一步,施工人员行走路径根据施工环境预设,或者通过服务器采集的路径点进行DBSCAN聚类后形成。
进一步,一级预警信息或二级预警信息触发后,服务器自动跟踪并记录施工人员后续路径,直至警报解除或离开危险源辐射的区域;
如预警信号发出后服务器智能识别该行为逐渐临近危险源时,服务器将发送信号及时通知安全管理人员。
进一步,警报装置为施工人员佩戴的手机或其它具备震动或声音提示的设备;
一级预警信息为间隔振动提醒,二级预警信息为持续振动。
进一步,危险源处设置有声光报警装置,当服务器判定施工人员处于危险源L
20范围内时,控制声光报警装置发出声光报警。
进一步,危险源危险等级的降低或消除需要两个安全管理人员同时作出指令;
当服务器接收到的一名施工人员针对一处危险源降低危险等级或消除危险源的操作时,判断是否有另一名施工人员针对同一处危险源作出相同操作,若是,则降低危险等级或消除危险源。
进一步,当服务器接收到的一名施工人员新增危险源或增加危险源危险等级时,服务器执行相应操作。
本发明由于采用以上技术方案,使之与现有技术相比,具有以下的优点和积极效果:本申请所述的方法通过设置二级预警,并考虑危险源种类、不同气候条件、人员因素等影响,分别设定安全因子N
1、N
2、N
3,从而计算出预警触发实际距离L
10、L
20,通过采集施工人员的位置信息,计算与危险源之间的实际距离,并判定实际距离与L
10、L
20之间的关系,从而使报警信息更加与施工现场具体安全情形相一致,能有效避免现场各类伤亡事故和质量事故的发生。所述方法还能够灵活增加或消除危险源及更改危险源危险等级,使得判定结果更贴近实际情况。所述方法通过设置危险源安全监视距离L
0,当施工人员与危险源之间的距离达到L
0时,将施工人员标记为重点监控人员,提高距离采集频率和精度。
图1为本发明中的用于施工现场人员安全预警的方法的流程框图。
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明提供的一种用于施工现场人员安全预警的方法作进一步详细说明。结合下面说明,本发明的优点和特征将更清楚。需说明的是,附图均采用非常简化的形式且均使用非精准的比例,仅用以方便、明晰地辅助说明本发明实施例的目的。
实施例一
我们知道,事故的危害性与危险源的危险级别相关,因此,必须对危险源的危险级别加以区分。我们将危险源分为三级:一级危险源触发的事故发生则大概率造成人员死亡事件,或直接经济损失极大,或对社会造成极大恶劣影响,比如未封闭且无法及时封闭的临边洞口;二级危险源触发的事故发生则大概率造成人员受伤事件且小概率发生人员死亡概率,造成的经济损失严重,或对社会可能造成不良的影响的事故,比如高处临时悬挂未安装牢固的材料或设备以及施工现场可能发生触电、中毒、烫伤、刺伤危险的区域;三级危险源触发的事故不会造成人员伤亡,但会导致一定的经济损失,产生的社会不利影响极小,比如施工现场未干的油漆区域。
申请人发现,环境的变化会影响安全事故发生的概率,比如大风、暴雨、大雾等天气,如遇到未及时封闭的洞口,会使跌落的概率增加。申请人还发现,个人因素的差异也会影响安全事故的发生,比如施工人员年龄、性别、视力、反应能力等。
本申请采用两级预警的模式,当施工人员与危险源之间的距离达到实际触发预警的距离L
10、L
20,分别发出一级预警、二级预警。实际触发预警的距离L
10、L
20,是在预设的一级安全距离L
1和二级安全距离L
2的基础上通过设危险源安全因子N
1、人员安全因子N
2、环境安全因子N
3加以调整。为了避免事故的发生,提高预警能力,本申请还设置有危险源安全监视距离L
0,当施工人员与危险源之间的距离达到危险源安全监视距离L
0时,将施工人员标记为重点监控人员,可以提高距离采集频率和精度。由于采集频率和精度的提高,会增加设备能耗,会增加存储的数据量,加大计算机运算量,而通过将施工人员区分为普通施工人员和重点监控人员,对普通施工人员采用较低的距离采集频 率,可以降低设备能耗,降低采集数据量,并提高数有效据处理的速度。
如图1所示,本实施例提供的一种用于施工现场人员安全预警的方法,包括:
服务器中预设一级安全距离L
1和二级安全距离L
2,其中L
1>L
2;
在电子地图中标识出危险源,设定危险源等级,并根据危险源具体情况设定危险源安全因子N
1;采集施工人员的信息,并针对施工人员分别设定人员安全因子N
2;根据环境变化,设定环境安全因子N
3;
佩戴有定位装置的施工人员进入施工现场后,施工现场中设置有与定位装置匹配的位置采集装置,位置采集装置采集施工人员的位置并上传至服务器;
服务器中设置一级预警实际触发距离L
10、二级预警实际触发距离L
20的计算公式,服务器计算与最近危险源的距离是否小于等于L
10,若是服务器则控制施工现场的警报装置发出一级预警信息,并计算与最近危险源的距离是否小于等于L
20,若是服务器则控制施工现场的警报装置发出二级预警信息;其中,L
10=L
1×N
1×N
2×N
3,L
20=L
2×N
1×N
2×N
3。
需要说明的是,危险源安全因子N
1与危险源等级相对应,比如一级危险源、二级危险源、三级危险源对应的N
1分别为a
1、a
2、a
3,a
1、a
2、a
3为预设值,a
1>a
2>a
3,比如a
1=1.2、a
2=1.1、a
3=1。对于同一安全等级的危险源,还可以根据危险源的具体情形,进一步进行调整。比如同为二级危险源,一个的N
1=1.1,另一个根据安全员具体情形不同,设置为N
1=1.11。
需要说明的是,在施工作业人员和管理人员初进入工地前,安全管理员会根据具体人员的年龄、反映能力、辨别能力、行动能力和是否有违规记录等因素,个性化的针对每一个人设置人员安全因子N
2,比如N
2数值范围设定为1~1.1,当然,取值范围可根据需要进行设定。
需要说明的是,环境安全因子N
3,可根据实际环境情况进行设定。服务器可采集施工现场当地气象局发出的实时气候(主要为天气状态及风力等级)精准预测,并结合现场光照、湿度、具体时间段,由管理人员设定环境安全因子N
3,管理人员设定环境安全因子N
3时,可将不同的施工区域、不同的施工 高度对环境安全因子N
3的数值进行调整。作为举例,环境安全因子N
3的数值数值范围为1~1.2。
需要说明的是,本申请中采用定位装置和位置采集装置对施工人员进行定位,当位于室内时,可采用UWB定位技术、蓝牙定位技术或红外定位技术等方式进行,需要注意的是,室内的柱子、墙、梁等土建将会导致UWB、蓝牙、RFID定位精度下降,位置采集装置的布设时需要避免出现精度下降较大的情形;还需要注意蓝牙、红外定位的时钟同步性,以提升其定位精度。当位于室外时,可以用北斗或GPS定位,该定位技术拥有亚米级甚至厘米级定位精度,并且成本较低。
具体方式不做限定,只要能实现对施工人员位置采集即可。比如施工人员佩戴有定位芯片的可穿戴设备(安全帽、手环)或卡片,施工场地分布若干信号采集装置,采集与定位芯片之间的距离。
需要说明的是,警报装置可以为施工人员佩戴的手机或其它具备震动或声音提示的设备。作为举例,一级预警信息可为间隔振动提醒,其振动频率可设置为1秒/次,此类预警信息人员及时停止行走,观测并辨别周围危险源;二级预警信息可为持续振动,提示施工人员危险源离人体非常近,必须停止行走并及时观察。各施工现场亦可根据实际需要在服务器中设置提示因素,比如危险源种类、与危险源的距离,也可以设置报警种类,如提示现场人员远离未干的油漆区域。
需要说明的是,本申请设置有危险源安全监视距离L
0,其中L
0>L
1>L
2;当施工人员与危险源之间的距离达到危险源安全监视距离L
0时,将施工人员标记为重点监控人员,提高距离采集频率和精度。然而,如果施工人员虽然在危险源安全监视距离L
0的范围内,然而行走方向和/或路径并不是朝向危险源,此时该施工人员并非需要的重点监控人员,如果标记为普通施工人员,将更加节能并降低采集、存储的无效数据数量。进一步,服务器中设置有施工人员行走路径,当施工人员被标记为重点监控人员后,通过临近采集的数据,判定施工人员行走方向,若该施工人员行走方向或路径并非朝向所述危险源时,将该 施工人员修改为普通施工人员。还可以根据该施工人员的行走方向和路径,判定是否在b秒内进入危险源L
1范围内,如果该施工人员行走方向和路径虽然朝向所述危险源,但行走速度很慢,在b秒不会进入危险源L
1范围内,也可暂时将该施工人员标记为普通施工人员。作为举例b=10s。路径的设置,可以采用根据施工环境预设,也可以根据采集的路径点进行DBSCAN聚类后形成行走路径。
为了便于及时发现现场各类危险情况做出通报,也便于今后事故的溯源和记录,各类警报一旦触发,服务器自动跟踪并记录后续路径,直至警报解除或离开危险源辐射的区域。如预警信号发出后服务器智能识别该行为有进一步扩大至警报级别时,可将这一信息及时通知安全管理人员;同时,危险源上方可悬挂警示装置,一旦该类情况发生或达到警报级别,处于危险源附近的警报装置由服务器提供信号而产生预警,以起到进一步提醒的作用。
进一步的,由于现场对危险源是处于不断整改和修复过程中的,因此现场安全管理员应根据每日早上巡查的现场情况考虑现场各类危险源调整,为了降低人为操作的误差,应由另一名有权限的人员确认后,在计算机对危险源修改等级指令确认达到“与”逻辑后,在服务器中可实现危险源的消项或危险等级的降低。若危险源等级升高,仅一名安全管理员上传即可临时修改,进一步,服务器还同时通知至少一名其他安全管理人员在时间T内进行确认,若在时间T内未收到确认信息,则恢复至修改前设置,只要有一名安全管理人员确认,即确认该修改信息。
实施例二
举例一:施工工程为上海的某超高层建筑,冬日某日清晨8时,气候小雨,幕墙工程从下往上封闭至50层,经过安全管理员赵某和安全监理李某巡视后,由于设计变更,在115层西北向靠近核心筒处由于设计变更开设了一个尺寸为1m×0.5m的临时洞口,现场缺乏洞口的临时围挡,只能通过木质板对洞口临时覆盖,盖板上方安装一警铃,间断闪烁红光,该洞口用于安装空调风管,贯 穿10层,纵深35m左右,经分析应定义为一级危险源,现场安全监理对该危险源通过审核,危险源安全因子N
1=1.2。根据当天浦东地区官方播报的气象参数,当天的湿度为62%左右,官方提供的气候为小雨转晴,微风;经现场实探,安全管理员现场设置的实时气候参数小雨,风力中等,湿度73%左右,管理人员设定环境安全因子N
3为1.13。该层在这天需要进行管道安装作业,劳务作业人员王某,年龄24岁,无特殊职业病,视力和听力良好,自2年前进入工地后受过安全教育并每次安全考评均优秀,人员安全因子N
2=1;现场设定二级报警预警,一级初始触发为L
1=10m,二级初始触发L
2=3m。王某在离开核心筒施工电梯进入115层后,现场经过采集位置信息,服务器判定王某正向危险源靠近,当王某进入洞口附近的危险预警触发范围内,即王某进入以洞口为圆心,以L
10=L
1×N
1×N
2×N
3=10×1.2×1×1.13=13.56m为半径的范围内,经服务器自动判别可能出现高处坠落事故后,自动发送危险源预警信号至王某佩带的胸牌和智能手机上,此时王某由于手机关机,而冬日衣服较厚未感知预警信号的发生,继续向危险源方向前进。当王某进入以洞口为圆心,L
20=L
2×N
1×N
2×N
3=3×1.2×1×1.13=4.07m为半径的范围内时,服务器判定后发出警报,同时经过服务器发出的指令并同步抄送赵某,同步的,胸卡由之前的间断振动变为持续振动,并触发盖板上警铃的声光报警,同时反馈至安全管理员。在安全员赵某通过对讲机制止王某行动的同时,王某也通过盖板上的警铃发现了危险源位置,做出了及时驻足的行为,避免了可能发生的安全事故。王某打开手机,手机APP上马上通过语音播报显示此时危险源的位置和警示级别,王某通过手机操作消除了警报,服务器发出是否重复提醒该危险源的选项,王某在手机上操作取消该服务。
举例二:同日上午10时,天气转晴,115层风力减小为微风状态,安全管理员赵某和监理安全员李某再次巡视工地时发现实施例一中未封闭的洞口危险源得到了整改,两人在手机管理端对该危险源进行了消项处理,服务器接到两人一致的信号后,该危险源自动消除。此后李某离开施工现场,赵某继续巡视后发现在45层设备兼避难层东北角靠幕墙位置,有一个小型悬吊式风机 正处于安装阶段,但由于工具和辅材的缺乏,该风机暂时由手拉葫芦悬吊至2m高度后,待3日后安装,赵某发现该处可能会导致主动打击或被动打击,故在手机端经过精确定位定义此项为二级危险源,服务器识别后,此时平台自动将此位置转换成二类危险源,其危险源安全因子N
1=1.1。此时由于环境因素较实施例一有所改观,且由于幕墙封闭的作用施工现场无风,故此时该楼层环境安全因子设定为N
3=1.05。在服务器预设的对于二级危险源同样有2类预警和警报提示,其中L
1=8m,L
2=2m。1小时后,项目管理部的资料员陈某(女,49岁,重度近视,轻微残疾,人员安全因子N
2=1.17)需要经过该区域,当她处于该危险源半径范围L
10=10.81m时,服务器判定发出二级危险源预警,陈某及时发现手机APP端的振动和胸卡振动提醒,并根据语音提示识别危险源后,在手机端确认危险源,并选择了不需要重复提醒,警报解除。
举例三:次日,该工地地下二层车库某一区域浇筑环氧地坪,在施工完成后由于地面油漆未干应防止人员进入,但现场门禁损坏,经过赵某和李某共同确认后可能此区域会发生人员误闯,导致油漆被破坏,故此处为三类危险源,在平台中设置警示范围L
1=4m,而三类危险源由于不影响现场人员的生命财产安全,危险源安全因子可设置为1,由于危险性低、经济损失小,其它安全因子也可以设置为1。当现场人员处于该区域周边4m范围内时,平台发出预警信号。当天由于在此处安排了安保巡查,又在附近树立了相应的警示牌,故未发生预警事件。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合,为使描述简洁,未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述,然而,只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾,都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此,本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (10)
- 一种用于施工现场人员安全预警的方法,其特征在于,包括:服务器中预设一级安全距离L 1和二级安全距离L 2,其中L 1>L 2;在电子地图中标识出危险源,设定危险源等级,并根据危险源具体情况设定危险源安全因子N 1;采集施工人员的信息,并针对施工人员分别设定人员安全因子N 2;根据环境变化,设定环境安全因子N 3;佩戴有定位装置的施工人员进入施工现场后,施工现场中设置有与定位装置匹配的位置采集装置,位置采集装置采集施工人员的位置并上传至服务器;服务器中设置一级预警实际触发距离L 10、二级预警实际触发距离L 20的计算公式,服务器计算与最近危险源的距离是否小于等于L 10,若是服务器则控制施工现场的警报装置发出一级预警信息,并计算与最近危险源的距离是否小于等于L 20,若是服务器则控制施工现场的警报装置发出二级预警信息;其中,L 10=L 1×N 1×N 2×N 3,L 20=L 2×N 1×N 2×N 3。
- 如权利要求1所述的用于施工现场人员安全预警的方法,其特征在于,服务器中设置有危险源安全监视距离L 0,其中L 0>L 1;当施工人员与危险源之间的距离达到L 0时,服务器将施工人员标记为重点监控人员,提高距离采集频率和精度,并判定该施工人员与危险源之间的距离是否小于等于L 10、L 20。
- 如权利要求2所述的用于施工现场人员安全预警的方法,其特征在于,服务器中设置有施工人员行走路径,当施工人员被标记为重点监控人员后,通过临近采集的数据,判定该施工人员行走方向,若该施工人员行走方向或路径并非朝向所述危险源时,将该施工人员由重点监控人员修改为普通施工人员,对于普通人员不计算L 10、L 20。
- 如权利要求3所述的用于施工现场人员安全预警的方法,其特征在于,若该施工人员行走方向或路径朝向所述危险源时,判定是否在b秒内进入危险源L 1范围内,如果该施工人员行走方向和路径虽然朝向所述危险源,但 在b秒不会进入危险源L 1范围内,也将该施工人员由重点监控人员标记为普通施工人员。
- 如权利要求3所述的用于施工现场人员安全预警的方法,其特征在于,施工人员行走路径根据施工环境预设,或者通过服务器采集的路径点进行DBSCAN聚类后形成。
- 如权利要求1至5任一项所述的用于施工现场人员安全预警的方法,其特征在于,一级预警信息或二级预警信息触发后,服务器自动跟踪并记录施工人员后续路径,直至警报解除或离开危险源辐射的区域;如预警信号发出后服务器智能识别该行为逐渐临近危险源时,服务器将发送信号及时通知安全管理人员。
- 如权利要求1至5任一项所述的用于施工现场人员安全预警的方法,其特征在于,警报装置为施工人员佩戴的手机或其它具备震动或声音提示的设备;一级预警信息为间隔振动提醒,二级预警信息为持续振动。
- 如权利要求7所述的用于施工现场人员安全预警的方法,其特征在于,危险源处设置有声光报警装置,当服务器判定施工人员处于危险源L 20范围内时,控制声光报警装置发出声光报警。
- 如权利要求1至5任一项所述的用于施工现场人员安全预警的方法,其特征在于,危险源危险等级的降低或消除需要两个安全管理人员同时作出指令;当服务器接收到的一名施工人员针对一处危险源降低危险等级或消除危险源的操作时,判断是否有另一名施工人员针对同一处危险源作出相同操作,若是,则降低危险等级或消除危险源。
- 如权利要求1至5任一项所述的用于施工现场人员安全预警的方法,其特征在于,当服务器接收到的一名施工人员新增危险源或增加危险源危险等级时,服 务器执行相应操作。
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CN116634367A (zh) * | 2023-07-21 | 2023-08-22 | 三峡高科信息技术有限责任公司 | 一种基于物联网的智能施工监控管理*** |
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CN114333229A (zh) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-04-12 | 上海市安装工程集团有限公司 | 一种用于施工现场人员安全预警的方法 |
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CN116634367A (zh) * | 2023-07-21 | 2023-08-22 | 三峡高科信息技术有限责任公司 | 一种基于物联网的智能施工监控管理*** |
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CN117057617B (zh) * | 2023-10-11 | 2023-12-08 | 湖北华中电力科技开发有限责任公司 | 一种基于物联网的电力施工现场安全监测预警*** |
CN117217547A (zh) * | 2023-11-08 | 2023-12-12 | 安徽宜介科技股份有限公司 | 建设工程重大危险源智能识别可视化监测装置及方法 |
CN117217547B (zh) * | 2023-11-08 | 2024-01-26 | 安徽宜介科技股份有限公司 | 建设工程重大危险源智能识别可视化监测装置及方法 |
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CN117831239A (zh) * | 2023-12-27 | 2024-04-05 | 南京北路物联信息技术有限公司 | 一种人员聚集风险监测预警方法 |
CN117979238A (zh) * | 2024-04-02 | 2024-05-03 | 钜象科技(连云港)有限公司 | 一种基于网络的电力施工现场信息化监理终端及其使用方法 |
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