WO2023098663A1 - 用于深水河湖生态修复的阶梯式底质改良剂 - Google Patents

用于深水河湖生态修复的阶梯式底质改良剂 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023098663A1
WO2023098663A1 PCT/CN2022/135042 CN2022135042W WO2023098663A1 WO 2023098663 A1 WO2023098663 A1 WO 2023098663A1 CN 2022135042 W CN2022135042 W CN 2022135042W WO 2023098663 A1 WO2023098663 A1 WO 2023098663A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
flocculation
water
oxygenation
sediment
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/135042
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄佳音
钱泽朋
胡保安
董先锋
刘璟
Original Assignee
中交（天津）生态环保设计研究院有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中交（天津）生态环保设计研究院有限公司 filed Critical 中交（天津）生态环保设计研究院有限公司
Priority to AU2022400828A priority Critical patent/AU2022400828A1/en
Publication of WO2023098663A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023098663A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
    • C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/06—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by oxidation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
    • C02F1/5245—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using basic salts, e.g. of aluminium and iron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/722—Oxidation by peroxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/06—Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/40—Protecting water resources
    • Y02A20/402—River restoration
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the fields of ecological restoration of river and lake bottoms and water quality purification of rivers and lakes, in particular to a stepped bottom quality modifier for ecological restoration of deep-water rivers and lakes.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a step-type substrate improvement agent for ecological restoration of deep-water rivers and lakes, which has a high utilization rate and can fully utilize each component in the process of each stage of sediment restoration. It can reduce the use of sediment restoration agent, effectively reduce the investment of sediment ecological restoration projects, and reduce the risk of secondary pollution in the process of ecological restoration.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of the above-mentioned step-type substrate modifier.
  • a step-type substrate improvement agent for ecological restoration of deep-water rivers and lakes which consists of a flocculation layer, an oxidation layer, a nutrient layer, and an oxygenation layer arranged in sequence, wherein: the flocculation layer is composed of polyacrylamide, polyaluminum chloride , disodium edetate and polyvinylpyrrolidone are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:1:(1 ⁇ 2):1 and then pre-pressed into tablets; the oxide layer is made of citric acid, humic acid, compounded Potassium hydrogen sulfate (potassium hydrogen persulfate compound salt (potassium monopersulfate, potassium monopersulfate)) in parts by mass (1 ⁇ 2): (1 ⁇ 2): (2 ⁇ 4) after uniform mixing
  • the flocculation layer is pre-pressed on the basis of the flocculation layer;
  • the nutrient layer is composed of calcium-based bentonite, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, anhydrous sodium sulfate,
  • the mass percent of the flocculated layer, the oxidized layer, the nutrient layer, and the oxygenated layer consists of:
  • the mass percentages of the above-mentioned flocculation layer, oxidation layer, nutrient layer, and oxygenation layer are composed of:
  • the alkali-activated modified mineral powder is washed with water for 3 to 4 times, and then dried at 105°C.
  • the total thickness of the flocculation layer and the oxygenation layer is no more than 0.2cm
  • the total thickness of the flocculation layer and the oxygenation layer is proportional to the water depth
  • the total thickness of the oxidation layer and the nutrient layer is proportional to the bottom mud pollution. Proportional to the serious situation.
  • the overall length of the substrate improving agent is 5cm-11cm, the width is 5cm-11cm, and the thickness is 0.3cm-0.8cm.
  • the oxidation layer must be between the flocculation layer and the nutrient layer, and the nutrient layer must be between the oxidation layer and the oxygenation layer.
  • the present invention divides the product into four layers according to the process of water ecological restoration, and each layer plays a different main role.
  • the flocculation layer and the oxygenation layer mainly play a role, which can effectively flocculate suspended colloids and other substances in the water and finally sink to the bottom of rivers and lakes.
  • the porous biopolymer in the aerobic layer will leave beneficial microorganisms, which not only strengthens the self-purification ability of the water environment, but also ensures the continuity of the self-repair of the water environment.
  • each layer can keep stable when dry, will not self-react, and will quickly act on harmful substances in water after encountering water, and there is a certain synergistic effect between each substance, and the specific effects are as follows:
  • the flocculation layer and the oxygenation layer mainly play the roles of flocculation, complexation, oxygenation and stabilization respectively.
  • the polyaluminum chloride, polyacrylamide and porous biopolymers have chemical and biological flocculation effects, and can remove part of suspended solids and colloids in the water environment during the descent in deep-water rivers and lakes. There is no porous biopolymers in the floc layer It is to prevent the oxidizing substances of the oxide layer from damaging some biological structures.
  • Polyvinylpyrrolidone has anti-oxidation synergistic and stabilizing effects.
  • Disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) in the floc layer is an antioxidant and complexing agent, which can complex the heavy metal ions in the water environment during the descent in the deep water of rivers and lakes.
  • EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
  • Sodium percarbonate and percarbonamide in the oxygenation layer play the role of rapid release and slow release of oxygen respectively, ensuring the instantaneous and continuous oxygen under water.
  • the oxide layer mainly plays the role of disinfection, removal of macromolecular organic matter and transformation of other substances. Under the action of citric acid and humic acid, it can effectively remove harmful microorganisms in the sediment and reduce the harm of virus bacteria. Under the action of compound potassium hydrogen persulfate, the oxidation-reduction potential of the mud-water interface can be increased, and the purpose of eliminating harmful bacteria can be achieved by destroying the permeability of microbial cells in the bottom mud; the ferrous iron and aluminum in the water can be eliminated through oxidation.
  • Atoms are oxidized to trivalent, which promotes flocculation, improves water transparency and reduces the diffusion of heavy metal ions in sediment; it can oxidize nitrite in sediment to nitrate, hydrogen sulfide to sulfate, and remove toxic and refractory organic pollution Algae poisons such as liver toxins and other algae poisons produced by degrading and degrading the death of deposited algae.
  • the nutrient layer is mainly used to provide nutrients and nutrients needed by plants and microorganisms.
  • the alkali-activated modified mineral powder and diatomite can also reduce heavy metal ions in water and sediment under the action of ion exchange and adsorption.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the present invention combines porous biopolymers and other effective chemical substances through layering, and realizes that the same sediment restoration agent has both biological and chemical effects, which can ensure effective treatment of the current environment under the action of chemical reagents. It has a fast and good effect, and can also maintain a continuous effect under the action of microorganisms, while strengthening the self-purification ability of the water environment and sediment.
  • the present invention designs a hierarchical structure for the succession of different stages of ecological restoration, which ensures the maximum utilization rate of the corresponding effective substances at different stages and different timeliness, and will not cause excessive dosage and cause
  • the problem of secondary pollution has effectively reduced the investment in ecological restoration projects, and the amount of injection under the same effect is about 1/2 of similar products in the market.
  • the present invention has guaranteed that this product has certain stability under normal temperature, dry condition by adding multiple stabilizing substances, and the shelf life time is 3.5 years longer, 2 years longer than the shelf life of similar products in the market.
  • the porous biopolymer used in the present invention is a high-efficiency water purification product composed of various natural mineral powders, special compound microorganisms extracted from nature and their metabolites.
  • the product is composed of various minerals, molds, yeasts, A variety of microorganisms such as actinomycetes are composed according to a specific formula.
  • the preparation method of porous biopolymer is recorded in the Chinese invention patent whose publication number is CN111018282A and the name of the invention is "a kind of porous biopolymer for river and lake ecological dredging and sediment dehydration", and its content is included in the present invention, wherein the implementation
  • the porous biopolymer agent used in Example 1 and Example 2 is the porous biopolymer agent prepared in Example 1 of the invention patent.
  • the polyaluminum chloride used in the present invention is a solid, commercially available product, and the mass fraction of aluminum chloride can be 26%, 28%, or 30%.
  • the calcium-based bentonite used in the present invention is a commercially available product, and its interlayer cation is Ca 2+ .
  • the alkali-excited modified mineral powder used in the present invention is a commercially available product, which is modified by the principle of alkali excitation.
  • the container is 1m long, 1m wide, and 1.5m high.
  • the test materials are water and sediment from Qilu Lake in Tonghai County, Yunnan province, and the seeds of bitter grass with strong adaptability.
  • the container is placed outdoors to ensure natural conditions, and then the black and smelly bottom mud is spread all over the bottom of the container and the seeds of bitter grass are added at fixed points.
  • the total thickness of the bottom mud is 0.2m, and the total water depth is 0.8m (not including the bottom mud).
  • Three fixed-point monitoring instruments for dissolved oxygen are distributed in a triangle in the middle of the water environment.
  • Quantitative samples are taken out according to the composition of flocculation layer, oxidation layer, nutrient layer and oxygenation layer according to the mass percentage of 15%, 20%, 50%, 15%,
  • the improved agent after forming is 7cm long and 7cm wide.
  • the layer thicknesses are about 0.1 cm, 0.15 cm, 0.2 cm, 0.1 cm respectively, and the total thickness is about 0.55 cm.
  • the time required for the overall water environment to be clear and transparent is 6 days, and the water environment can continue to remain clear within 5 days after that; according to the dissolved oxygen detector display , the dissolved oxygen is also slowly increasing; the sediment modifier settles to the bottom of the container and fully contacts with the sediment, the digestion of the sediment modifier and the sediment improvement process are carried out at the same time, through the slow release and the action of the biopolymerization agent, the sediment is in 7 The situation that turns yellow gradually occurs after 8 days, and bitter grass seed begins to germinate and grows in 8 days.
  • the container is 1m long, 1m wide, and 1.5m high.
  • the test materials are water and sediment from Qilu Lake in Tonghai County, Yunnan province, and the seeds of bitter grass with strong adaptability. Place the container outdoors to ensure natural conditions, then cover the bottom of the container with black odorous bottom mud and add bitter grass seeds at fixed points, the total thickness is 0.2m, and the total water depth is 1.2m.
  • Three fixed-point monitoring instruments for dissolved oxygen are distributed in a triangle in the middle of the water environment.
  • the alkali-activated mineral powder in the nutrient layer is washed with water for 3 to 4 times and dried at 105°C for pretreatment, and then the components of each layer are prepared according to the following mass-to-number ratios, and mixed uniformly:
  • the flocculation layer, the oxidation layer, the nutrient layer and the oxygenation layer are composed according to the mass percentages of 20%, 28%, 28%, and 22%, and quantitative samples are taken out.
  • the forming modifier is 10 cm long and 10 cm wide.
  • the thickness is about 0.11cm, 0.17cm, 0.18cm, 0.13cm respectively, and the total thickness is about 0.59cm.
  • the container is 1m long, 1m wide, and 1.5m high.
  • the test materials are water and sediment from Qilu Lake in Tonghai County, Yunnan province, and the seeds of bitter grass with strong adaptability. Place the container outdoors to ensure natural conditions, then cover the bottom of the container with black odorous bottom mud and add bitter grass seeds at fixed points, the total thickness is 0.2m, and the total water depth is 0.8m.
  • Three fixed-point monitoring instruments for dissolved oxygen are distributed in a triangle in the middle of the water environment.
  • this embodiment does not add any sediment improver, and restores under natural ecological conditions.
  • this embodiment starts from the arrangement of the necessary conditions, under the self-generation of beneficial microorganisms and the action of gravity settlement, some floating substances in the water environment are partially digested and most of them sink.
  • the time required for the overall water environment to be clear and transparent is 15 days, but after 15 days, the water environment There are still small particles floating in the soil; due to the full incorporation of dissolved oxygen in the air, the sediment environment is gradually improved and loosened, some harmful substances in the sediment are released, and beneficial microorganisms are gradually activated with more types.
  • the container is 1m long, 1m wide, and 1.5m high.
  • the test materials are water and sediment from Qilu Lake in Tonghai County, Yunnan province, and the seeds of bitter grass with strong adaptability. Place the container outdoors to ensure natural conditions, then cover the bottom of the container with black odorous bottom mud and add bitter grass seeds at fixed points, the total thickness is 0.2m, and the total water depth is 0.8m.
  • Three fixed-point monitoring instruments for dissolved oxygen are distributed in a triangle in the middle of the water environment.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Aeration Devices For Treatment Of Activated Polluted Sludge (AREA)
  • Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于深水河湖生态修复的阶梯式底质改良剂，由絮凝层、氧化层、营养层、增氧层组成，絮凝层由聚丙烯酰胺、聚合氯化铝、乙二胺四乙酸二钠和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮按比例均匀混合后进行预压片而成；氧化层由柠檬酸、腐殖酸、复合过硫酸氢钾按比例均匀混合后在所述絮凝层的基础上进行预压片而成；营养层由钙基膨润土、氯化镁、氯化钙、无水硫酸钠、碱激发改性矿粉、硅藻土按比例均匀混合后在所述絮凝层、氧化层的基础上进行预压片而成；增氧层由多孔生物聚合剂、过碳酸钠、过碳酰胺、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮按比例均匀混合后在所述絮凝层、氧化层、营养层的基础上进行压片而成。该改良剂同时具备生物化学效应，无二次污染且投资小。

Description

用于深水河湖生态修复的阶梯式底质改良剂 技术领域
本发明涉及河湖底质生态修复及河湖水质净化领域，具体涉及一种用于深水河湖生态修复的阶梯式底质改良剂。
背景技术
目前，应用于水产养殖的底泥修复剂报道较多，用于河湖底泥生态修复的底泥修复剂较少。水产生态和河湖生态因环境的不同，底泥物质含量和类别也不同，两种底泥修复剂不可混用，需针对不同情况指定使用。
现有的底泥生态修复剂多为直接混合制备而成的化学复合型和微生物复合型修复剂，此类底泥修复剂对河湖生态修复存在一定的效用，但是通过直接投加的方式存在着短时间内利用率较低，反应效率较慢、后续效用较低等缺点，不能将每一种成分在其相应阶段的作用充分发挥出来，需要大量投加底泥修复剂才可具有一定的效用，存在着二次污染的风险。
但是，在应用于深水河湖时，存在专作用于底泥的有效成分在下降过程中快速分散并漂浮在水环境中，无法针对底泥进一步作用的情况，只有通过加量的方式才能达到预期效果，因此会产生二次污染。
发明内容
为解决现有技术存在的问题，本发明的一个目的是提供一种用于深水河湖生态修复的阶梯式底质改良剂，其利用率高，能充分发挥各成分在底泥修复各阶段过程中的效用，减少底泥修复剂的使用量，有效降低底泥生态修复工程的投资、减少生态修复过程中的二次污染风险。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种上述阶梯式底质改良剂的制备方法。
为此，本发明提供以下技术方案：
一种用于深水河湖生态修复的阶梯式底质改良剂，由依次设置的絮凝层、氧化层、营养层、增氧层组成，其中：所述絮凝层由聚丙烯酰胺、聚合氯化铝、乙二胺四乙酸二钠和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮按质量份1：1：(1～2)：1均匀混合后进行预压片而成；所述氧化层由柠檬酸、腐殖酸、复合过硫酸氢钾(过一硫酸氢钾复合盐(单过硫酸钾盐，单过硫酸氢钾))按质量份(1～2)：(1～2)：(2～4)均匀混合后在所述絮凝层的基 础上进行预压片而成；所述营养层由钙基膨润土、氯化镁、氯化钙、无水硫酸钠、碱激发改性矿粉、硅藻土按质量份(2～3)：1：1：1：(2～3)：(2～3)均匀混合后在所述絮凝层、氧化层的基础上进行预压片而成；所述增氧层由多孔生物聚合剂、过碳酸钠(释放速度快)、过碳酰胺(释放速度慢)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮按质量份(2～4)：(2～3)：(2～3)：1均匀混合后在所述絮凝层、氧化层、营养层的基础上进行压片而成。
上述改良剂中，所述絮凝层、氧化层、营养层、增氧层的质量百分比组成为：
Figure PCTCN2022135042-appb-000001
最优的是，上述絮凝层、氧化层、营养层、增氧层的质量百分比组成为：
Figure PCTCN2022135042-appb-000002
优选的是，使用前，将所述碱激发改性矿粉水洗3～4次后，在105℃进行烘干处理。
优选的是，所述絮凝层和增氧层的总厚度不超过0.2cm，所述絮凝层和增氧层的总厚度与水深成正比，所述氧化层和营养层的总厚度与底泥污染严重情况成正比。
优选的是，所述底质改良剂的整体长度为5cm～11cm、宽度为5cm～11cm、厚度为0.3cm～0.8cm。
在制备过程中，要保证混合均匀程度以及压片的顺序，氧化层需在絮凝层和营养层中间，营养层需在氧化层和增氧层中间。
本发明根据水生态修复的过程将产品分为了四层，每层发挥的主要作用不同。在由深水河湖表面下降至底部过程中，主要发挥作用的是絮凝层和增氧层，能够有效将水中的悬浮胶体等物质絮凝最终沉落至河湖底部。在降落过程中，增氧层中的多孔生物聚合剂会留下有益微生物，在强化水环境自我净化能力的同时，保证了水环境自我修复的持续性。在降落至底部时，絮凝层和增氧层中的成分会剩余少部分，继续作用于底泥，将底泥絮凝压缩，在扩大河湖水环境容量的同时为氧化层发挥作用提供基础。
本发明中各层之间在干燥时可保持稳定，不会自我反应，在遇水后会迅速作用于水中的有害物质，并且各物质之间存在一定的协同作用，具体作用如下：
絮凝层和增氧层主要分别起到絮凝、络合、增氧、稳定的作用。其中的聚合氯化铝、聚丙烯酰胺和多孔生物聚合剂具有化学和生物絮凝作用，在深水河湖内下降过程中，可去除水环境中部分悬浮物以及胶体，絮凝层中没有多孔生物聚合剂是防止氧化层的氧化性物质对部分生物结构产生破坏。聚乙烯吡咯烷酮具有抗氧增效和稳定作用，一方面可保证压片成型后具有一定的硬实度，另一方面可防止氧化层中的氧化性和腐蚀性物质对絮凝层物质结构产生破坏。絮凝层中的乙二胺四乙酸二钠(EDTA)是一种抗氧化剂和络合剂，在河湖深水内下降过程中可络合水环境中的重金属离子。增氧层中的过碳酸钠、过碳酰胺分别起到速释和缓释氧气的作用，保证了水下氧气的瞬时性和持续性。
氧化层主要起消毒、去除大分子有机物以及转化其他物质的作用。在柠檬酸和腐殖酸的作用下可有效对底泥中的有害微生物进行去除，减少病毒菌的危害。在复合过硫酸氢钾的作用下可提高泥水分界面的氧化还原电位，通过破坏底泥中微生物细胞的通透性，达到消灭有害菌的目的；通过氧化作用可将水中的二价铁、铝原子氧化为三价，促进絮凝作用，提升水体透明度以及降低底泥中重金属离子的扩散；可将底泥中的亚硝酸盐氧化为硝酸盐，硫化氢氧化为硫酸盐，去除有毒难降解有机污染物，降解沉积藻类死亡而产生的肝毒素等各类藻毒。
营养层主要用于提供营养，提供植物以及微生物所需要的营养元素，其中的碱激发改性矿粉和硅藻土在离子交换和吸附作用下也可降低水体和底泥中重金属离子。
与同类产品相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
1.本发明通过分层作用将多孔生物聚合剂和其他有效化学物质结合到一起，实现了同一种底泥修复剂同时具有生物和化学效应，既能够保证在化学试剂的作用下有效对当下环境起到快速良好的作用，还能够在微生物的作用下保持持续的效应，同时强化水环境和底泥的自我净化能力。
2.本发明根据常规生态修复方法、针对生态修复的不同阶段的先后性设计了分层结构，保证了在不同阶段和不同时效下对应有效物质的最大利用率，不会产生过量投加而导致的二次污染问题，有效降低了生态修复工程的投资，相同作用下投放量约为市场同类产品的1/2。
3.本发明通过添加多种附带稳定作用的物质，保证了本产品在常温、干燥条件下 具有一定稳定性，保质期时间较长3.5年，比市场同类产品的保质期长2年。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明的改良剂进行详细说明。
本发明中所使用的多孔生物聚合剂为多种天然矿物质粉加自然界提取的特种复合微生物及其代谢产物构成的一种高效净水产品，该产品由多种矿物质及霉菌、酵母菌、放线菌等多种微生物按特定配方组成。多孔生物聚合剂的制备方法记载在公开号为CN111018282A、发明名称为“一种河湖生态清淤底泥脱水用多孔生物聚合剂”的中国发明专利中，其内容包括在本发明中，其中实施例1和实施例2中所使用的多孔生物聚合剂为该发明专利的实施例一制备的多孔生物聚合剂。
本发明中使用的聚合氯化铝为固体状、市售产品，氯化铝的质量分数为26％、28％、30％均可。
本发明中使用的钙基膨润土为市售产品，其层间阳离子为Ca 2+。
本发明中使用的碱激发改性矿粉是市售产品，为经过碱激发原理改性的矿粉。
实施例1
采用户外中型容器模拟河湖环境，容器长1m，宽1m，高1.5m。试验材料采用云南省通海县杞麓湖中的水和底泥以及适应能力较强的苦草种子。将容器放置在户外，保证自然条件，然后将黑臭底泥铺满容器底部并定点加入苦草种子，底泥总厚度为0.2m，总水深为0.8m(不包括底泥)。水环境中部呈三角形分布三个定点监测溶解氧仪器。
本实施例的用于深水河湖生态修复的阶梯式底质改良剂通过以下方法制备：
首先将营养层中的碱激发矿粉水洗3～4次，然后在105℃进行烘干预处理，然后按以下质量份数比准备各层的组份，并分别混合均匀：
1)聚丙烯酰胺：聚合氯化铝(氯化铝的质量分数为26％)：乙二胺四乙酸二钠：聚乙烯吡咯烷酮＝1：1：2：1；
2)柠檬酸：腐殖酸：复合过硫酸氢钾＝1：1：2；
3)钙基膨润土：氯化镁：氯化钙：无水硫酸钠：碱激发改性矿粉：硅藻土＝2：1：1：1：2：2；
4)多孔生物聚合剂：过碳酸钠：过碳酰胺：聚乙烯吡咯烷酮＝2：2：2：1。
将絮凝层、氧化层、营养层、增氧层按照15％、20％、50％、15％的质量百分比组 成取出定量样品，
然后对絮凝层物质进行预压片，将氧化层物质在絮凝层的基础上进行预压片，依次类推，成型后的改良剂长7cm，宽7cm，絮凝层、氧化层、营养层、增氧层厚度分别约为0.1cm、0.15cm、0.2cm、0.1cm，总厚度约为0.55cm。
将上述配比的底泥改良剂从水面投加，因其具有较大表面积产生较大浮力，所以会缓慢沉落至容器底部，沉降过程中上层和下层的絮凝以及增加溶解氧的有效成分迅速消解，可观察出水体中漂浮物质缓慢产生絮体并进一步絮凝的过程，整体水环境清澈透明所需要时间为6天，之后5天时间内水环境中能够持续保持清澈；根据溶解氧检测仪显示，溶解氧也在缓慢增加；底泥改良剂沉降至容器底部与底泥充分接触，底泥改良剂消解和底泥改良过程同时进行，通过缓释作用和生物聚合剂的作用，底泥在7天后出现逐渐变黄的情况，在8天时苦草种子开始发芽并成长。
实施例2
采用户外中型容器模拟河湖环境，容器长1m，宽1m，高1.5m。试验材料采用云南省通海县杞麓湖中的水和底泥以及适应能力较强的苦草种子。将容器放置在户外保证自然条件，然后将黑臭底泥铺满容器底部并定点加入苦草种子，总厚度为0.2m，总水深为1.2m。水环境中部呈三角形分布三个定点监测溶解氧仪器。
本实施例的用于深水河湖生态修复的阶梯式底质改良剂通过以下方法制备：
首先对营养层中的碱激发矿粉依次进行水洗3～4次和105℃的烘干预处理，然后按以下质量份数比准备各层的组份，并分别混合均匀：
1)聚丙烯酰胺：聚合氯化铝(氯化铝的质量分数为26％)：乙二胺四乙酸二钠：聚乙烯吡咯烷酮＝1：1：2：1；
2)柠檬酸：腐殖酸：复合过硫酸氢钾＝1：1：2；
3)钙基膨润土：氯化镁：氯化钙：无水硫酸钠：碱激发改性矿粉：硅藻土＝2：1：1：1：2：2；
4)多孔生物聚合剂：过碳酸钠：过碳酰胺：聚乙烯吡咯烷酮＝2：2：2：1。
将絮凝层、氧化层、营养层、增氧层按照20％、28％、28％、22％的质量百分比组成取出定量样品。
然后对絮凝层物质进行预压片，将氧化层物质在絮凝层的基础上进行预压片，依次类推，成型改良剂长10cm，宽10cm，絮凝层、氧化层、营养层、增氧层的厚度分 别约为0.11cm、0.17cm、0.18cm、0.13cm，总厚度约为0.59cm。
将上述配比的底泥改良剂从水面投加，因其具有较大表面积产生较大浮力，所以会缓慢沉落至容器底部，沉降过程中上层和下层的絮凝以及增加溶解氧有效成分部分迅速消解，可观察出水体中漂浮物质缓慢产生絮体并进一步絮凝的过程，整体水环境清澈透明所需要时间为3d，之后5d时间内水环境中能够持续保持清澈；根据溶解氧检测仪显示，溶解氧也在缓慢增加；底泥改良剂沉降至容器底部与底泥充分接触，底泥改良剂消解和底泥改良过程同时进行，通过缓释作用和生物聚合剂的作用下，底泥在9d后出现逐渐变黄的情况，在10d时苦草种子开始发芽并成长。
对比例1
采用户外中型容器模拟河湖环境，容器长1m，宽1m，高1.5m。试验材料采用云南省通海县杞麓湖中的水和底泥以及适应能力较强的苦草种子。将容器放置在户外保证自然条件，然后将黑臭底泥铺满容器底部并定点加入苦草种子，总厚度为0.2m，总水深为0.8m。水环境中部呈三角形分布三个定点监测溶解氧仪器。
作为空白对照组，本实施例不添加任何底泥改良剂，在自然生态条件下进行恢复。从布置好必要条件开始计时，在有益微生物自产生和重力沉降作用下，水环境中部分飘浮物质小部分消解和大部分下沉，整体水环境清澈透明所需要时间为15d，但15d后水环境中仍漂浮着小型颗粒；由于空气溶解氧的充分融入，底泥环境逐渐改善并疏松，底泥中部分有害物质得以释放，有益微生物逐渐活化且种类变多，在微生物缓慢修复作用下，底泥在25d后出现逐渐变黄的情况；而苦草种子未在小型生态***自然恢复时间内保证自身营养所需并受到底泥周围有害物质的侵蚀，使得苦草种子在25天时，捞出发现已腐烂变质。
对比例2
采用户外中型容器模拟河湖环境，容器长1m，宽1m，高1.5m。试验材料采用云南省通海县杞麓湖中的水和底泥以及适应能力较强的苦草种子。将容器放置在户外保证自然条件，然后将黑臭底泥铺满容器底部并定点加入苦草种子，总厚度为0.2m，总水深为0.8m。水环境中部呈三角形分布三个定点监测溶解氧仪器。
向其中均匀投洒100g市售粉末状底泥改良剂，沉降过程中有絮体产生，在6d时间内整体水环境迅速清澈，但在8d后泥水分界面存在底泥向上漂浮的现象且有部分不 溶物持续漂浮在水环境中，存在水层、泥层和泥水混合层三层共存现象，泥水混合层高度约4cm，10d后整体达到平衡的状态；底泥改良剂沉降至容器底部与底泥充分接触，底泥在7d后出现逐渐变黄的情况，在8d时苦草种子开始发芽并成长。
表2 各实例所添加的不同差别
Figure PCTCN2022135042-appb-000003
由上表可知，同等条件下，絮凝层和增氧层的絮凝和增氧成分占比越大，水环境透明清澈所需要时间越短，同时，也代表其他有效成分的减少，使得底泥修复变黄的时间较长。需要根据实际水深和底泥受污染程度调整各层所占的百分比。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种用于深水河湖生态修复的阶梯式底质改良剂，其特征在于：由依次设置的絮凝层、氧化层、营养层、增氧层组成，其中：
    所述絮凝层由聚丙烯酰胺、聚合氯化铝、乙二胺四乙酸二钠和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮按质量份1：1：(1～2)：1均匀混合后进行预压片而成；
    所述氧化层由柠檬酸、腐殖酸、复合过硫酸氢钾按质量份(1～2)：(1～2)：(2～4)均匀混合后在所述絮凝层的基础上进行预压片而成；
    所述营养层由钙基膨润土、氯化镁、氯化钙、无水硫酸钠、碱激发改性矿粉、硅藻土按质量份(2～3)：1：1：1：(2～3)：(2～3)均匀混合后在所述絮凝层、氧化层的基础上进行预压片而成；
    所述增氧层由多孔生物聚合剂、过碳酸钠、过碳酰胺、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮按质量份(2～4)：(2～3)：(2～3)：1均匀混合后在所述絮凝层、氧化层、营养层的基础上进行压片而成；
    所述絮凝层、氧化层、营养层、增氧层的质量百分比组成为：
    Figure PCTCN2022135042-appb-100001
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的阶梯式底质改良剂，其特征在于：所述絮凝层、氧化层、营养层、增氧层的质量百分比组成为：
    Figure PCTCN2022135042-appb-100002
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的阶梯式底质改良剂，其特征在于：使用前，将所述碱激发改性矿粉水洗3～4次后，在105℃进行烘干处理。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的阶梯式底质改良剂，其特征在于：所述絮凝层和增氧层的厚度均不超过0.2cm，所述絮凝层和增氧层的总厚度与水深成正比，所述氧化层和营养层的总厚度与底泥污染严重情况成正比。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的阶梯式底质改良剂，其特征在于：所述底质改良剂的整体长度为5cm～11cm、宽度为5cm～11cm、厚度为0.3cm～0.8cm。
PCT/CN2022/135042 2021-12-01 2022-11-29 用于深水河湖生态修复的阶梯式底质改良剂 WO2023098663A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2022400828A AU2022400828A1 (en) 2021-12-01 2022-11-29 Stepped sediment modifier for ecological restoration of deepwater rivers and lakes

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111450428.2A CN113845284B (zh) 2021-12-01 2021-12-01 用于深水河湖生态修复的阶梯式底质改良剂
CN202111450428.2 2021-12-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023098663A1 true WO2023098663A1 (zh) 2023-06-08

Family

ID=78982650

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2022/135042 WO2023098663A1 (zh) 2021-12-01 2022-11-29 用于深水河湖生态修复的阶梯式底质改良剂

Country Status (4)

Country Link
CN (1) CN113845284B (zh)
AU (1) AU2022400828A1 (zh)
LU (1) LU504481B1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2023098663A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113845284B (zh) * 2021-12-01 2022-02-18 中交（天津）生态环保设计研究院有限公司 用于深水河湖生态修复的阶梯式底质改良剂

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000197899A (ja) * 1999-01-07 2000-07-18 Kankyo Biken:Kk 湖沼等の浄化処理剤及び浄化処理方法
CN108726666A (zh) * 2018-06-04 2018-11-02 中国科学院水生生物研究所 一种黑臭水体修复剂及制备方法和应用
CN111018282A (zh) * 2019-12-12 2020-04-17 中交（天津）生态环保设计研究院有限公司 一种河湖生态清淤底泥脱水用多孔生物聚合剂
CN111170400A (zh) * 2020-01-16 2020-05-19 深圳市深港产学研环保工程技术股份有限公司 水质底质改良剂及其制备方法和水质底质的改良方法
CN112592013A (zh) * 2020-11-25 2021-04-02 武汉理工大学 黑臭河污泥底改剂及其制备、使用方法
CN113845284A (zh) * 2021-12-01 2021-12-28 中交（天津）生态环保设计研究院有限公司 用于深水河湖生态修复的阶梯式底质改良剂

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105417713B (zh) * 2015-12-11 2018-10-09 杭州银江环保科技有限公司 沉水植物综合养护方法
CN107162367B (zh) * 2017-06-19 2020-05-22 河海大学 一种污染河流底泥净化胶囊
WO2019173062A1 (en) * 2018-03-07 2019-09-12 Trucapsol, Llc Reduced permeability microcapsules
CN112028422B (zh) * 2020-08-25 2022-09-23 佛山市绿之源环保技术有限公司 一种双层底泥修复胶囊及其应用

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000197899A (ja) * 1999-01-07 2000-07-18 Kankyo Biken:Kk 湖沼等の浄化処理剤及び浄化処理方法
CN108726666A (zh) * 2018-06-04 2018-11-02 中国科学院水生生物研究所 一种黑臭水体修复剂及制备方法和应用
CN111018282A (zh) * 2019-12-12 2020-04-17 中交（天津）生态环保设计研究院有限公司 一种河湖生态清淤底泥脱水用多孔生物聚合剂
CN111170400A (zh) * 2020-01-16 2020-05-19 深圳市深港产学研环保工程技术股份有限公司 水质底质改良剂及其制备方法和水质底质的改良方法
CN112592013A (zh) * 2020-11-25 2021-04-02 武汉理工大学 黑臭河污泥底改剂及其制备、使用方法
CN113845284A (zh) * 2021-12-01 2021-12-28 中交（天津）生态环保设计研究院有限公司 用于深水河湖生态修复的阶梯式底质改良剂

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
LU504481B1 (en) 2023-08-14
CN113845284B (zh) 2022-02-18
CN113845284A (zh) 2021-12-28
AU2022400828A1 (en) 2023-12-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1753554B1 (en) A composition for growth of diatom algae
CN101412547B (zh) 用来消除湖泊内源污染的矿物复合材料及应用
KR100915958B1 (ko) 친환경 활성 천연광물 수질개선제 및 그 제조방법
CN1275884C (zh) 拜尔法赤泥基质改良技术
JP4710036B2 (ja) 鉄キレート発生材及びその使用方法
CN101343090A (zh) 镧系水处理剂及其制备方法
CN100497522C (zh) 一种水产养殖池塘底质改良剂
WO2023098663A1 (zh) 用于深水河湖生态修复的阶梯式底质改良剂
Harris et al. Bioremediation of acid mine drainage using decomposable plant material in a constant flow bioreactor
CN101734754B (zh) 矿物材料负载稀土络合物的蓝藻清除剂及其制备方法
KR101176365B1 (ko) 녹조 또는 적조 제거 키트 및 이를 이용한 녹조 또는 적조 제거 방법
CN108264149A (zh) 一种湖泊河道生态修复剂
CN107162153A (zh) 一种以炉渣为反应载体处理重金属污水的方法
Chou et al. Estuarine silicon dynamics
CN108101170A (zh) 一种用于杀灭裸藻的净水粉剂及其制备工艺
Wetzel Lake and river ecosystems
Jasiewicz et al. Effect of bottom sediment on content, bioaccumulation and translocation on heavy metals in maize biomass
CN207468397U (zh) 生态滤床净化处理装置
CN111377496A (zh) 一种用于降低水中重金属含量的水环境修复剂
CN115401064B (zh) 一种促进稀土矿迹地土壤团聚的方法
CN114229946B (zh) 一种水生植物蚯蚓粪及其制备方法和应用
Cheng et al. The effect of diatom populations on silica concentrations of Lakes Sorell and Crescent, Tasmania, and the utilisation of tripton as a source of silica
CN115591527B (zh) 一种除磷颗粒吸附剂及其制备方法和应用
JP5682906B2 (ja) 鉄キレート発生塗料とこれを用いる鉄キレート発生材および水中の生物環境改善方法
WO2020037871A1 (zh) 电磁化离子液及其配制方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 22900467

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2022400828

Country of ref document: AU

Ref document number: AU2022400828

Country of ref document: AU

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2022400828

Country of ref document: AU

Date of ref document: 20221129

Kind code of ref document: A