WO2023094710A1 - Modular electric axle for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Modular electric axle for a motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023094710A1
WO2023094710A1 PCT/EP2022/083736 EP2022083736W WO2023094710A1 WO 2023094710 A1 WO2023094710 A1 WO 2023094710A1 EP 2022083736 W EP2022083736 W EP 2022083736W WO 2023094710 A1 WO2023094710 A1 WO 2023094710A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shaft
pinion
idler gear
gear
vehicle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2022/083736
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Renaud Trouve
Antoine Vignon
Original Assignee
Renault S.A.S.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Renault S.A.S. filed Critical Renault S.A.S.
Publication of WO2023094710A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023094710A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/089—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears all of the meshing gears being supported by a pair of parallel shafts, one being the input shaft and the other the output shaft, there being no countershaft involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/02—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of clutch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/091—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears including a single countershaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/001—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H2003/0811—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts using unsynchronised clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/0021—Transmissions for multiple ratios specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
    • F16H2200/0034—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising two forward speeds

Definitions

  • TITLE MODULAR ELECTRIC TRAIN FOR MOTOR VEHICLE
  • the present invention relates to the electrification of a motor vehicle train, which, in addition to a main system, allows four-wheel drive.
  • the present invention aims to constitute this additional train of a traction chain which makes it possible both to activate or deactivate the traction of the wheels to which it is connected and to choose between two transmission ratios for this traction.
  • the train of the invention forms the rear train of the vehicle.
  • the base vehicle In the case where the base vehicle is of the propulsion type, it is the front axle.
  • the rear engine can also be electrified to add electrical system functions to the vehicle: high performance by the sum of the electrical and thermal power, energy recovery capacity on braking.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome at least some of the aforementioned drawbacks and to propose a train driven by an independent electric motor, equipped with two or three reduction stages and two speed ratios, and whose particularity is to be extremely compact.
  • the object of the invention is a train - for example rear - of a motor vehicle, comprising a motor shaft, a secondary shaft comprising an output gear, the secondary shaft comprising an idler gear placed free in translation on the secondary shaft between an engagement position in which said idler gear is meshed in the first intermediate gear and a disengagement position in which said idler gear is mechanically disengaged from the first intermediate gear, and a coupling member mounted on the ' secondary shaft and adapted for the drive in translation of the idler gear between its positions of engagement and disengagement.
  • the train may comprise an intermediate shaft on which are fixed a main intermediate pinion and a first intermediate pinion. It may further comprise at least one input pinion.
  • the coupling member comprises a player suitable for driving the idler gear in translation by direct drive therein.
  • the idler gear and the slider have complementary teeth which mutually mesh in the engagement position of the idler gear.
  • a second intermediate gear is fixed on the intermediate shaft, the secondary shaft further comprising a second idler gear having an engagement position in which said second idler gear is meshed in the second intermediate gear and a disengagement position in which the second idler gear is mechanically disengaged from the second intermediate gear, the coupling member being suitable for driving the first and second idler gears in translation between their respective engagement and disengagement positions.
  • the coupling member comprises a free bilateral sliding gear in translation with respect to the secondary shaft, positioned between the first and the second idler gear, and adapted to be able to move said idler gears selectively either towards a neutral position wherein the first and second idler gears are both disengaged with respect to the first and second intermediate gears, either to a first idler gear engagement and second idler gear disengagement position, or to a first idler gear disengagement position idler and engagement of the second idler gear.
  • the motor shaft, the intermediate shaft and the secondary shaft are substantially parallel and the at least one input gear, the main intermediate gear, and the output gear are aligned side-by-side. coast along an axis orthogonal to the motor shaft.
  • the maximum power transmission ratio between the at least one input pinion and the output pinion is between fifteen and forty.
  • the train may further provide that the at least one input pinion is coupled to an electric motor suitable for driving said at least one input pinion in rotation, for example via an inverter.
  • the output pinion is coupled to a differential adapted to transmit a rotation of said output pinion to two side wheels of the vehicle.
  • the invention also relates to a vehicle comprising such a vehicle train.
  • the invention also relates to a powertrain system of a motor vehicle, comprising a main axle driven by an electric or heat engine of the vehicle and a secondary axle formed by such a train.
  • FIG 1 shows a motor vehicle train according to one embodiment of the invention, comprising a bilateral player between two idler gears.
  • FIG 2 shows a motor vehicle train according to another embodiment without intermediate shaft.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the motor vehicle train 1 according to the invention.
  • It comprises a motor shaft 3 intended to be mechanically coupled to an electric motor, as well as a secondary shaft 7.
  • Train 1 can also include an intermediate shaft 5.
  • the motor shaft 3, the intermediate shaft 5 and the secondary shaft 7 are substantially parallel.
  • At least one input pinion 15 can be fixed on the motor shaft 3. It receives and transmits to the motor shaft 3 the rotational drive received from the electric motor.
  • a main intermediate pinion 17 meshed in the input pinion 15 and a first intermediate pinion 23 are fixed on the intermediate shaft 5.
  • the secondary shaft 7 comprises an output pinion 19 coupled to the differential 9.
  • the input pinion 15, the main intermediate pinion 17, and the output pinion 19 can then be aligned side-by-side along an axis orthogonal to the motor shaft 3, which makes the train 1 particularly compact, then this architectural trick makes it possible to avoid housing an additional gable thickness.
  • the lateral bulk is less than two hundred millimeters, therefore reduced by about fifteen millimeters compared to comparable alternative solutions in which the connection between the drive pinion-bridge occupies a different axial position from that of the primary-secondary descent, which implies an increased width with these solutions.
  • the secondary shaft 7 comprises a first idler gear 27 placed freely in rotation on the secondary shaft 7.
  • the idler gear 27 is meshed in the first intermediate gear 23 .
  • Train 1 further comprises a coupling member 35 mounted on secondary shaft 7.
  • the coupling member 35 is suitable for driving the idler gear 27 in rotation, by causing it to pass selectively between its engagement and disengagement positions with respect to said coupling member 35.
  • the coupling member 35 comprises for example a walkman suitable for driving the idler gear 27 in rotation by direct drive therein.
  • the idler gear 27 and the slider may comprise complementary teeth which mesh with each other in their position of mutual engagement.
  • a second intermediate pinion 25 can be fixed on the intermediate shaft 5.
  • the secondary shaft 7 then comprises a second idler gear 29.
  • the second idler gear 29 has an engagement position in which it is meshed with the coupling member 35, and a neutral position, of disengagement, in which it is mechanically disengaged.
  • the coupling member 35 is then adapted to have either a neutral position or a rotational drive position of the first or second idler gears 27,29 between their respective engagement and disengagement positions.
  • the coupling member 35 comprises for example a bilateral player which is mounted free in translation with respect to the secondary shaft 7.
  • the bilateral player is positioned between the first and the second idler gear 27.29, so as to be able to approach one of the idler gears 27.29 at a time.
  • the vehicle In the aforementioned neutral position, the vehicle has only two wheels which are driven, for example its two front wheels.
  • the invention makes it possible to produce a "four times four" vehicle, the second bridge of which has a reduced size.
  • train 1 as defined above can be integrated into any powertrain system of a motor vehicle, comprising a main axle driven by a heat engine and a secondary axle formed by such a train 1.
  • train 1 can avoid the use of intermediate shaft 5.
  • the motor shaft 2 carries the two pinions 23, 25 which cooperate with the two idler gears 27,29 which are mounted on the secondary shaft 7.
  • train 1 allows a selection of two drive wheel speed ratios .
  • the maximum power transmission ratio between the input pinion 15 and the output pinion 19 is between fifteen and forty, which is made possible by the fact that the three shafts constitute three reduction factors which allow a greater reduction. than a traditional two-stage gearbox.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Gear Transmission (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

This motor vehicle axle comprises a drive shaft (3) on which at least one input pinion (15) is fixed, an intermediate shaft (5) on which there are fixed a main intermediate pinion (17) meshing with the at least one input pinion (15) and a first intermediate pinion (23), a secondary shaft (7) comprising an output pinion (19), the secondary shaft (7) comprising an idler pinion (27) placed freely in translation on the secondary shaft (7) between an engagement position, in which the idler pinion (27) meshes with the first intermediate pinion (23), and a disengagement position, in which the idler pinion (27) is disengaged mechanically from the first intermediate pinion (23), and a coupling member (35) mounted on the secondary shaft (7) and designed to drive the idler pinion (27) in translation between its engagement and disengagement positions.

Description

DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION
TITRE : TRAIN ELECTRIQUE MODULAIRE POUR VEHICULE AUTOMOBILE TITLE: MODULAR ELECTRIC TRAIN FOR MOTOR VEHICLE
Domaine technique Technical area
La présente invention concerne l ’ électrification d’un train de véhicule automobile, qui, en complément d’un système principal, permet un entrainement à quatre roues motrices. The present invention relates to the electrification of a motor vehicle train, which, in addition to a main system, allows four-wheel drive.
La présente invention vise à constituer ce train complémentaire d’une chaine de traction qui permet à la fois d’ activer ou désactiver la motricité des roues auquel il est relié et de choisir entre deux rapports de transmission pour cette motricité. The present invention aims to constitute this additional train of a traction chain which makes it possible both to activate or deactivate the traction of the wheels to which it is connected and to choose between two transmission ratios for this traction.
Dans le cas où le véhicule de base accueillant ce train est de type traction, le train de l ’ invention forme le train arrière du véhicule. In the case where the base vehicle accommodating this train is of the traction type, the train of the invention forms the rear train of the vehicle.
Dans le cas où le véhicule de base est de type propulsion, il s’ agit du train avant. In the case where the base vehicle is of the propulsion type, it is the front axle.
Techniques antérieures Prior techniques
On connaît dans l ’ art antérieur des trains arrière qui permettent d’ autoriser ou non la transmission d’un entraînement moteur vers les roues, avec plusieurs rapports de vitesse. Néanmoins, ces di spositifs transmettent l ’ entraînement en rotation fourni par un moteur situé à l ’ avant du véhicule vers les roues arrière. Ils nécessitent donc une longue chaîne de transmission particulièrement encombrante. De plus, la structure mécanique de transmission prélève une fraction importante de puissance de l ’ avant vers l ’ arrière du véhicule, ce qui occasionne une perte de rendement et donc une augmentation de la consommation et une diminution des performances d’ émission de dioxyde de carbone. In the prior art, rear axles are known which make it possible to authorize or not the transmission of a motor drive to the wheels, with several speed ratios. Nevertheless, these devices transmit the rotational drive provided by a motor located at the front of the vehicle to the rear wheels. They therefore require a particularly cumbersome long transmission chain. In addition, the mechanical transmission structure takes a large fraction of power from the front to the rear of the vehicle, which causes a loss of efficiency and therefore an increase in consumption and a reduction in the performance of emission of carbon dioxide. carbon.
Il est connu d’ autre part de pallier ces problèmes de perte de puissance et d’ encombrement qui s’ étend sur toute la longueur du véhicule par la suppression des éléments de couplage mécanique entre les trains avant et arrière et par l ’ aj out d’un moteur arrière dédié à l ’ entraînement des roues arrière. It is known on the other hand to overcome these problems of loss of power and size which extends over the entire length of the vehicle by eliminating the mechanical coupling elements between the front and rear axles and by adding a rear motor dedicated to driving the rear wheels.
Pour un groupe propulseur avant thermique, le moteur arrière peut en outre être électrifié pour aj outer au véhicule des fonctionnalités des systèmes électriques : fortes performances par la somme des puissances électrique et thermique, capacité de récupération d’ énergi e au freinage. For a thermal front powertrain, the rear engine can also be electrified to add electrical system functions to the vehicle: high performance by the sum of the electrical and thermal power, energy recovery capacity on braking.
Cette solution est néanmoins source d’un nouvel encombrement à l ’ arrière du véhicule. L’ empiètement sur l ’ habitacle et/ou sur le volume de coffre disponible dissuade d’ aj outer des fonctions augmentant davantage le volume du train arrière, notamment la fonction de double rapport arrière. This solution is nevertheless a source of new space at the rear of the vehicle. The encroachment on the passenger compartment and/or on the available boot volume discourages the addition of functions that further increase the volume of the rear axle, in particular the dual rear ratio function.
Exposé de l’invention Disclosure of Invention
L’invention a pour but de pallier au moins certains des inconvénients précités et de proposer un train entraîné par un moteur électrique indépendant, doté de deux ou trois étages de réduction et de deux rapports de vitesse, et dont la particularité est d’ être extrêmement compacte. The object of the invention is to overcome at least some of the aforementioned drawbacks and to propose a train driven by an independent electric motor, equipped with two or three reduction stages and two speed ratios, and whose particularity is to be extremely compact.
Il est possible d’utiliser le train selon l ’ invention aussi bien sur le train arrière que sur le train avant si le véhicule de base est une propulsion. It is possible to use the train according to the invention both on the rear train and on the front train if the base vehicle is a propulsion one.
Au vu de ce qui précède, l ’ invention a pour obj et un train - par exemple arrière - de véhicule automobile, comportant un arbre moteur, un arbre secondaire comportant un pignon de sortie, l ’ arbre secondaire comportant un pignon fou placé libre en translation sur l ’ arbre secondaire entre une position d’ engagement dans laquelle ledit pignon fou est engrené dans le premier pignon intermédiaire et une position de désengagement dans laquelle ledit pignon fou est désengagé mécaniquement du premier pignon intermédiaire, et un organe de couplage monté sur l ’ arbre secondaire et adapté pour l ’ entrainement en translation du pignon fou entre ses positions d’ engagement et de désengagement. In view of the foregoing, the object of the invention is a train - for example rear - of a motor vehicle, comprising a motor shaft, a secondary shaft comprising an output gear, the secondary shaft comprising an idler gear placed free in translation on the secondary shaft between an engagement position in which said idler gear is meshed in the first intermediate gear and a disengagement position in which said idler gear is mechanically disengaged from the first intermediate gear, and a coupling member mounted on the ' secondary shaft and adapted for the drive in translation of the idler gear between its positions of engagement and disengagement.
Le train peut comporter un arbre intermédiaire sur lequel sont fixés un pignon intermédiaire principal et un premier pignon intermédiaire. Il peut comporter en outre au moins un pignon d’ entrée. The train may comprise an intermediate shaft on which are fixed a main intermediate pinion and a first intermediate pinion. It may further comprise at least one input pinion.
De préférence, l ’ organe de couplage comporte un baladeur adapté pour l ’ entrainement en translation du pignon fou par prise directe dans celui-ci . Par exemple, le pignon fou et le baladeur comportent des dents complémentaires qui s’ engrènent mutuellement dans la position d’ engagement du pignon fou. Preferably, the coupling member comprises a player suitable for driving the idler gear in translation by direct drive therein. For example, the idler gear and the slider have complementary teeth which mutually mesh in the engagement position of the idler gear.
Avantageusement, un deuxième pignon intermédiaire est fixé sur l ’ arbre intermédiaire, l ’ arbre secondaire comportant en outre un deuxième pignon fou ayant une position d’ engagement dans laquelle ledit deuxième pignon fou est engrené dans le deuxième pignon intermédiaire et une position de désengagement dans laquelle le deuxième pignon fou est désengagé mécaniquement du deuxième pignon intermédiaire, l ’ organe de couplage étant adapté pour l ’ entrainement en translation du premier et du deuxième pignons fous entre leurs positions respectives d’ engagement et de désengagement. Advantageously, a second intermediate gear is fixed on the intermediate shaft, the secondary shaft further comprising a second idler gear having an engagement position in which said second idler gear is meshed in the second intermediate gear and a disengagement position in which the second idler gear is mechanically disengaged from the second intermediate gear, the coupling member being suitable for driving the first and second idler gears in translation between their respective engagement and disengagement positions.
Selon une forme de réalisation, l ’ organe de couplage comporte un baladeur bilatéral libre en translation par rapport à l ’ arbre secondaire, positionné entre le premier et le deuxième pignon fou, et adapté pour déplacer pouvoir sélectivement lesdits pignons fous soit vers une position neutre dans laquelle les premier et deuxième pignons fous sont tous les deux désengagés par rapport aux premier et deuxième pignons intermédiaires, soit vers une position d’ engagement du premier pignon fou et de désengagement du deuxième pignon fou, soit vers une position de désengagement du premier pignon fou et d’ engagement du deuxième pignon fou. According to one embodiment, the coupling member comprises a free bilateral sliding gear in translation with respect to the secondary shaft, positioned between the first and the second idler gear, and adapted to be able to move said idler gears selectively either towards a neutral position wherein the first and second idler gears are both disengaged with respect to the first and second intermediate gears, either to a first idler gear engagement and second idler gear disengagement position, or to a first idler gear disengagement position idler and engagement of the second idler gear.
Dans un mode de réalisation, l ’ arbre moteur, l ’ arbre intermédiaire et l ’ arbre secondaire sont sensiblement parallèles et l ’ au moins un pignon d’ entrée, le pignon intermédiaire principal, et le pignon de sortie sont alignés côte-à-côte selon un axe orthogonal à l ’ arbre moteur. In one embodiment, the motor shaft, the intermediate shaft and the secondary shaft are substantially parallel and the at least one input gear, the main intermediate gear, and the output gear are aligned side-by-side. coast along an axis orthogonal to the motor shaft.
Avantageusement, le rapport de transmission de puissance maximal entre l ’ au moins un pignon d’ entrée et le pignon de sortie est compris entre quinze et quarante. Advantageously, the maximum power transmission ratio between the at least one input pinion and the output pinion is between fifteen and forty.
Le train peut prévoir en outre que l ’ au moins un pignon d’ entrée soit couplé à un moteur électrique adapté pour l ’ entrainement en rotation dudit au moins un pignon d’ entrée, par exemple via un onduleur. De préférence, le pignon de sortie est couplé à un différentiel adapté pour transmettre une rotation dudit pignon de sortie vers deux roues latérales du véhicule. The train may further provide that the at least one input pinion is coupled to an electric motor suitable for driving said at least one input pinion in rotation, for example via an inverter. Preferably, the output pinion is coupled to a differential adapted to transmit a rotation of said output pinion to two side wheels of the vehicle.
L'invention concerne également un véhicule comportant un tel train de véhicule. The invention also relates to a vehicle comprising such a vehicle train.
L'invention concerne également un système motopropulseur d’un véhicule automobile, comprenant un pont principal entrainé par un moteur électrique ou thermique du véhicule et un pont secondaire formé par un tel train. The invention also relates to a powertrain system of a motor vehicle, comprising a main axle driven by an electric or heat engine of the vehicle and a secondary axle formed by such a train.
Brève description des dessins Brief description of the drawings
L'invention sera mieux comprise à l ’ aide du dessin annexé, sur lequel : The invention will be better understood using the attached drawing, in which:
[Fig 1 ] représente un train de véhicule automobile selon un mode de réalisation de l ’ invention, comportant un baladeur bilatéral entre deux pignons fous. [Fig 1] shows a motor vehicle train according to one embodiment of the invention, comprising a bilateral player between two idler gears.
[Fig 2] représente un train de véhicule automobile selon un autre mode de réalisation sans arbre intermédiaire. [Fig 2] shows a motor vehicle train according to another embodiment without intermediate shaft.
Description détaillée detailed description
La Figure 1 illustre le train de véhicule automobile 1 selon l ’ invention. Figure 1 illustrates the motor vehicle train 1 according to the invention.
Il comporte un arbre moteur 3 destiné à être coupl é mécaniquement à un moteur électrique, ainsi qu’un un arbre secondaire 7. It comprises a motor shaft 3 intended to be mechanically coupled to an electric motor, as well as a secondary shaft 7.
Le train 1 peut comporter également un arbre intermédiaire 5.Train 1 can also include an intermediate shaft 5.
On peut prévoir que l ’ arbre moteur 3 , l ’ arbre intermédiaire 5 et l ’ arbre secondaire 7 sont sensiblement parallèles. It can be provided that the motor shaft 3, the intermediate shaft 5 and the secondary shaft 7 are substantially parallel.
Ces arbres 3 , 5,7 permettent de constituer une chaîne de transmi ssion pour transmettre un entraînement en rotation fourni par le moteur électrique à travers un différentiel 9 et jusqu’ aux deux roues 1 1 , 13 du véhicule. These shafts 3, 5.7 make it possible to form a transmission chain for transmitting a rotational drive supplied by the electric motor through a differential 9 and up to the two wheels 11, 13 of the vehicle.
Au moins un pignon d’ entrée 15 peut être fixé sur l ’ arbre moteur 3. Il reçoit et transmet à l ’ arbre moteur 3 l ’ entrainement en rotation reçu depuis le moteur électrique. Un pignon intermédiaire principal 17 engrené dans le pignon d’ entrée 15 et un premier pignon intermédiaire 23 sont fixés sur l ’ arbre intermédiaire 5. At least one input pinion 15 can be fixed on the motor shaft 3. It receives and transmits to the motor shaft 3 the rotational drive received from the electric motor. A main intermediate pinion 17 meshed in the input pinion 15 and a first intermediate pinion 23 are fixed on the intermediate shaft 5.
L’ arbre secondaire 7 comporte un pignon de sortie 19 couplé au différentiel 9. The secondary shaft 7 comprises an output pinion 19 coupled to the differential 9.
Le pignon d’ entrée 15, le pignon intermédiaire principal 17, et le pignon de sortie 19 peuvent alors être alignés côte-à-côte selon un axe orthogonal à l ’ arbre moteur 3 , ce qui rend le train 1 particulièrement compact, pui sque cette astuce architecturale permet d’ éviter de loger une épaisseur de pignon supplémentaire. The input pinion 15, the main intermediate pinion 17, and the output pinion 19 can then be aligned side-by-side along an axis orthogonal to the motor shaft 3, which makes the train 1 particularly compact, then this architectural trick makes it possible to avoid housing an additional gable thickness.
L’ encombrement latéral est inférieur à deux cents millimètres, donc réduit d’ environ quinze millimètres par rapport aux solutions alternatives comparables dans lesquelles la liaison entre le pignon d’ attaque-pont occupe une position axiale différente de celle de la descente primaire-secondaire, ce qui implique une largeur accrue avec ces solutions. The lateral bulk is less than two hundred millimeters, therefore reduced by about fifteen millimeters compared to comparable alternative solutions in which the connection between the drive pinion-bridge occupies a different axial position from that of the primary-secondary descent, which implies an increased width with these solutions.
L’ arbre secondaire 7 comporte un premier pignon fou 27 placé libre en rotation sur l ’ arbre secondaire 7. The secondary shaft 7 comprises a first idler gear 27 placed freely in rotation on the secondary shaft 7.
Le pignon fou 27 est engrené dans le premier pignon intermédiaire 23 . The idler gear 27 is meshed in the first intermediate gear 23 .
Le train 1 comporte en outre un organe de couplage 35 monté sur l ’ arbre secondaire 7. Train 1 further comprises a coupling member 35 mounted on secondary shaft 7.
L’ organe de couplage 35 est adapté pour l ’ entrainement en rotation du pignon fou 27, en le faisant passer sélectivement entre ses positions d’ engagement et de désengagement par rapport audit organe de couplage 35. The coupling member 35 is suitable for driving the idler gear 27 in rotation, by causing it to pass selectively between its engagement and disengagement positions with respect to said coupling member 35.
L’ organe de couplage 35 comporte par exemple un baladeur adapté pour l ’ entrainement en rotation du pignon fou 27 par prise directe dans celui-ci . The coupling member 35 comprises for example a walkman suitable for driving the idler gear 27 in rotation by direct drive therein.
Ainsi, le baladeur n’ a pas d’ élément de friction, ce qui permet de lier de façon très efficace l ’ arbre moteur 3 à l ’ arbre intermédiaire 5, sans déperdition due au frottement. Le pignon fou 27 et le baladeur peuvent comporter des dents complémentaires qui s’ engrènent mutuellement dans leur position d’ engagement mutuel . Thus, the player has no friction element, which makes it possible to link the motor shaft 3 very effectively to the intermediate shaft 5, without loss due to friction. The idler gear 27 and the slider may comprise complementary teeth which mesh with each other in their position of mutual engagement.
Comme illustré, un deuxième pignon intermédiaire 25 peut être fixé sur l ’ arbre intermédiaire 5. As illustrated, a second intermediate pinion 25 can be fixed on the intermediate shaft 5.
L’ arbre secondaire 7 comporte alors un deuxième pignon fou 29.The secondary shaft 7 then comprises a second idler gear 29.
Le deuxième pignon fou 29 a une position d’ engagement dans laquelle il est engrené avec l ’ organe de couplage 35, et une position neutre, de désengagement, dans laquelle il en est désengagé mécaniquement. The second idler gear 29 has an engagement position in which it is meshed with the coupling member 35, and a neutral position, of disengagement, in which it is mechanically disengaged.
L’ organe de couplage 35 est alors adapté pour avoir soit une position neutre, soit une position d’ entrainement en rotation du premier ou du deuxième pignons fous 27,29 entre leurs positions respectives d’ engagement et de désengagement. The coupling member 35 is then adapted to have either a neutral position or a rotational drive position of the first or second idler gears 27,29 between their respective engagement and disengagement positions.
L’ organe de couplage 35 comporte par exemple un baladeur bilatéral qui est monté libre en translation par rapport à l ’ arbre secondaire 7. The coupling member 35 comprises for example a bilateral player which is mounted free in translation with respect to the secondary shaft 7.
Le baladeur bilatéral est positionné entre le premier et le deuxième pignon fou 27,29, de manière à pouvoir se rapprocher vers un seul des pignons fous 27,29 à la fois. The bilateral player is positioned between the first and the second idler gear 27.29, so as to be able to approach one of the idler gears 27.29 at a time.
Il est adapté pour pouvoir se déplacer simultanément entre lesdits pignons fous 27,29 soit vers une position neutre dans laquelle il s sont tous les deux désengagés, soit vers une position d’ engagement du premier pignon fou 27 et de désengagement du deuxième pignon fou 27,29, soit vers une position de désengagement du premier pignon fou 27 et d’ engagement du deuxième pignon fou 27,29. It is adapted to be able to move simultaneously between said idler gears 27,29 either towards a neutral position in which they are both disengaged, or towards a position of engagement of the first idler gear 27 and disengagement of the second idler gear 27 ,29, or to a position of disengagement of the first idler gear 27 and engagement of the second idler gear 27,29.
Dans la position neutre précitée, le véhicule n’ a que deux roues qui sont motrices, par exemple ses deux roues avant. In the aforementioned neutral position, the vehicle has only two wheels which are driven, for example its two front wheels.
L’ invention permet de réaliser un véhicule « quatre fois quatre » dont le second pont présente un encombrement réduit. The invention makes it possible to produce a "four times four" vehicle, the second bridge of which has a reduced size.
Ainsi, le train 1 tel que défini ci-dessus peut être intégré à n’ importe quel système motopropulseur d’un véhicule automobile, comprenant un pont principal entrainé par un moteur thermique et un pont secondaire formé par un tel train 1. En outre, quand l’ obj ectif de démultiplication le permet, le train 1 pourra éviter l ’utilisation de l ’ arbre intermédiaire 5. Thus, train 1 as defined above can be integrated into any powertrain system of a motor vehicle, comprising a main axle driven by a heat engine and a secondary axle formed by such a train 1. In addition, when the reduction objective allows it, train 1 can avoid the use of intermediate shaft 5.
Dans un autre mode de réalisation illustré par la Figure 2, l ’ arbre moteur 2 porte les deux pignons 23 , 25 qui coopèrent avec les deux pignons fous 27,29 qui sont montés sur l ’ arbre secondaire 7. In another embodiment illustrated in Figure 2, the motor shaft 2 carries the two pinions 23, 25 which cooperate with the two idler gears 27,29 which are mounted on the secondary shaft 7.
Grâce à ses deux rapports de transmission possibles offrant des démultiplications différentes pour les deux pignons fous 27,29 vis-à-vi s des pignons intermédiaires 23 ,25, le train 1 permet d’ avoir une sélection de deux rapports de vitesse de roues motrices. Thanks to its two possible transmission ratios offering different ratios for the two idler gears 27.29 vis-à-vis the intermediate gears 23.25, train 1 allows a selection of two drive wheel speed ratios .
Le rapport de transmission de puissance maximal entre le pignon d’ entrée 15 et le pignon de sortie 19 est compris entre quinze et quarante, ce qui est rendu possible par le fait que les trois arbres constituent trois facteurs de démultiplication qui permettent une démultiplication plus importante qu’un réducteur traditionnel à deux étages. The maximum power transmission ratio between the input pinion 15 and the output pinion 19 is between fifteen and forty, which is made possible by the fact that the three shafts constitute three reduction factors which allow a greater reduction. than a traditional two-stage gearbox.
Cela autorise l ’ emploi d’une machine électrique plus compacte, son couple pouvant être démultiplié de façon plus importante. This allows the use of a more compact electric machine, its torque being able to be multiplied more significantly.
Cela permet une utilisation transversale du train 1 sur une large gamme de véhicules hybrides, de quarante-huit volts, deux-cents volts et quatre-cents volts. This allows for transverse use of Train 1 on a wide range of hybrid, forty-eight volt, two-hundred volt and four-hundred volt vehicles.

Claims

8 REVENDICATIONS 8 CLAIMS
1. Train de véhicule automobile ( 1 ), comportant : 1. Motor vehicle train (1), comprising:
- un arbre moteur (3), - a motor shaft (3),
- un arbre secondaire (7) comportant un pignon de sortie ( 19), caractérisé en ce que - a secondary shaft (7) comprising an output pinion (19), characterized in that
T arbre secondaire (7) comporte un pignon fou (27) placé libre en rotation sur T arbre secondaire (7) et engrené dans un premier pignon intermédiaire (23), et un organe de couplage (35) monté sur T arbre secondaire (7) et adapté pour pouvoir engager ou désengager T entrainement de T arbre secondaire par le pignon fou (27). T secondary shaft (7) comprises an idler gear (27) placed free in rotation on T secondary shaft (7) and meshed in a first intermediate pinion (23), and a coupling member (35) mounted on T secondary shaft (7 ) and adapted to be able to engage or disengage T drive of T secondary shaft by the idler gear (27).
2. Train de véhicule ( 1 ) selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel T arbre moteur (3) comporte le premier pignon intermédiaire (23) et optionnellement un deuxième pignon intermédiaire (25). 2. Vehicle train (1) according to claim 1, wherein T drive shaft (3) comprises the first intermediate gear (23) and optionally a second intermediate gear (25).
3. Train de véhicule ( 1 ) selon la revendication 1 , comportant en outre un arbre intermédiaire (5) sur lequel sont fixés un pignon intermédiaire principal ( 17) et un premier pignon intermédiaire (23), T arbre moteur (3) comprenant un pignon d’ entrée ( 15) engrené avec le pignon intermédiaire principal ( 17). 3. Vehicle train (1) according to claim 1, further comprising an intermediate shaft (5) on which are fixed a main intermediate gear (17) and a first intermediate gear (23), T drive shaft (3) comprising a input pinion (15) meshed with the main intermediate pinion (17).
4. Train de véhicule ( 1 ) selon la revendication 3 , comportant un deuxième pignon intermédiaire (25) fixé sur T arbre intermédiaire (5). 4. Vehicle train (1) according to claim 3, comprising a second intermediate pinion (25) fixed on T intermediate shaft (5).
5. Train de véhicule ( 1 ) selon Tune quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, dans lequel T arbre secondaire (7) comporte en outre un deuxième pignon fou (29) engrené dans le deuxième pignon intermédiaire (25), T organe de couplage (35) étant adapté pour T entrainement en translation du premier et du deuxième pignons fous (27,29) entre leurs positions respectives d’ engagement et de désengagement avec ledit organe de couplage (35). 5. Vehicle train (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein T secondary shaft (7) further comprises a second idler gear (29) meshed in the second intermediate gear (25), T coupling member ( 35) being adapted for T drive in translation of the first and second idler gears (27,29) between their respective positions of engagement and disengagement with said coupling member (35).
6. Train de véhicule ( 1 ) selon la revendication 5, dans lequel T organe de couplage (35) comporte un baladeur bilatéral libre en translation par rapport à T arbre secondaire (7), et adapté pour pouvoir se déplacer sélectivement entre le premier et le deuxième pignon fou (27,29) soit vers une position neutre dans laquelle les premier et deuxième pignons fous (27,29) sont tous les deux désengagés, soit vers une position d’ engagement du premier pignon fou (27) et de 9 désengagement du deuxième pignon fou (29), soit vers une position de désengagement du premier pignon fou (27) et d’engagement du deuxième pignon fou (27,29). 6. Vehicle train (1) according to claim 5, wherein T coupling member (35) comprises a bilateral player free in translation with respect to T secondary shaft (7), and adapted to be able to move selectively between the first and the second idler gear (27,29) either towards a neutral position in which the first and second idler gears (27,29) are both disengaged, or towards a position of engagement of the first idler gear (27) and 9 disengagement of the second idler gear (29), or to a position of disengagement of the first idler gear (27) and engagement of the second idler gear (27,29).
7. Train de véhicule (1) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, dans lequel l’arbre moteur (3), l’arbre intermédiaire (5) et l’arbre secondaire (7) sont sensiblement parallèles et l’au moins un pignon d’entrée (15), le pignon intermédiaire principal (17), et le pignon de sortie (19) sont alignés côte-à-côte selon un axe orthogonal à l’arbre moteur (3). 7. Vehicle train (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the motor shaft (3), the intermediate shaft (5) and the secondary shaft (7) are substantially parallel and the at least one input pinion (15), the main intermediate pinion (17), and the output pinion (19) are aligned side by side along an axis orthogonal to the motor shaft (3).
8. Train de véhicule (1) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel l’organe de couplage (35) comporte un baladeur adapté pour l’entrainement en translation du pignon fou (27) par prise directe dans celui-ci. 8. Vehicle train (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the coupling member (35) comprises a sliding gear adapted for the drive in translation of the idler gear (27) by direct drive in that -this.
9. Train de véhicule (1) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, dans lequel le pignon fou (27) et le baladeur comportent des dents complémentaires qui s’engrènent mutuellement dans la position d’engagement du pignon fou (27). 9. Vehicle train (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the idler gear (27) and the player have complementary teeth which mesh with each other in the engagement position of the idler gear (27 ).
10. Véhicule comportant un train de véhicule (1) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9. 10. Vehicle comprising a vehicle train (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
11. Système motopropulseur d’un véhicule automobile, comprenant un pont principal entrainé par un moteur du véhicule et un pont secondaire formé par un train selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9. 11. Powertrain system of a motor vehicle, comprising a main axle driven by an engine of the vehicle and a secondary axle formed by a train according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
PCT/EP2022/083736 2021-11-29 2022-11-29 Modular electric axle for a motor vehicle WO2023094710A1 (en)

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FR2112693A FR3129695A1 (en) 2021-11-29 2021-11-29 MODULAR ELECTRIC TRAIN FOR MOTOR VEHICLE

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105966235A (en) * 2015-12-31 2016-09-28 比亚迪股份有限公司 Electric drive axle assembly and vehicle with electric drive axle assembly
US20190072180A1 (en) * 2017-09-07 2019-03-07 Hyundai Motor Company Electric vehicle powertrain and parking control method thereof
US20210078412A1 (en) * 2019-09-12 2021-03-18 Ford Global Technologies, Llc System and method for changing gear ranges of an electric vehicle

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105966235A (en) * 2015-12-31 2016-09-28 比亚迪股份有限公司 Electric drive axle assembly and vehicle with electric drive axle assembly
US20190072180A1 (en) * 2017-09-07 2019-03-07 Hyundai Motor Company Electric vehicle powertrain and parking control method thereof
US20210078412A1 (en) * 2019-09-12 2021-03-18 Ford Global Technologies, Llc System and method for changing gear ranges of an electric vehicle

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