WO2023087943A1 - 差动通道收发延时一致性的判别方法及其装置、电子设备、差动保护通信*** - Google Patents

差动通道收发延时一致性的判别方法及其装置、电子设备、差动保护通信*** Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023087943A1
WO2023087943A1 PCT/CN2022/122507 CN2022122507W WO2023087943A1 WO 2023087943 A1 WO2023087943 A1 WO 2023087943A1 CN 2022122507 W CN2022122507 W CN 2022122507W WO 2023087943 A1 WO2023087943 A1 WO 2023087943A1
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Prior art keywords
channel
delay
differential
consistency
sending
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PCT/CN2022/122507
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张洪喜
赵青春
徐晓春
徐海洋
谢华
戴光武
陆金凤
卜立之
李奔
Original Assignee
南京南瑞继保电气有限公司
南京南瑞继保工程技术有限公司
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Priority to GB2405340.7A priority Critical patent/GB2625495A/en
Publication of WO2023087943A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023087943A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H02H7/261—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
    • H02H1/0061—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning transmission of signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02—Details
    • H02H3/06—Details with automatic reconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02—Details
    • H02H3/06—Details with automatic reconnection
    • H02H3/063—Details concerning the co-operation of many similar arrangements, e.g. in a network

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of electrotechnical technology, and in particular to a method for judging the consistency of sending and receiving delays of differential channels, its device, electronic equipment, and a differential protection communication system.
  • differential protection has been widely used.
  • longitudinal differential protection has the advantages of clear protection range, simple principle, stability and reliability.
  • Differential protection uses the communication network to exchange information, transmits information such as the current on the opposite side to the local side, calculates the differential current and braking current based on the current on the local side and the opposite side, and judges whether it is an internal fault based on the differential action characteristics .
  • the prerequisite for differential protection to work normally is that the data on the local side and the opposite side are synchronized. Therefore, data synchronization technology on both sides is the key to realize differential protection.
  • the commonly used synchronization methods for line differential protection include synchronous clock source method, Ping-Pong method, reference phasor method, etc.
  • the Ping-Pong method is stable and reliable because it does not rely on external time synchronization sources, so it can be used in differential protection been widely used in.
  • the exemplary embodiments of the present application aim to provide a method, device and differential protection communication system for judging the inconsistency of transmission and reception delays of differential channels, and overcome the consistency of differential channels by judging the consistency of transmission and reception delays of channels in real time Insufficiency that cannot be monitored, and timely detection of inconsistencies in channel sending and receiving delays.
  • the method can discriminate the single-channel mode and the dual-channel mode, and block the differential protection in time when the channel delays are inconsistent, so as to improve the reliability and stability of the differential protection function.
  • this method does not rely on external time synchronization sources, does not increase additional costs, and does not consume additional resources.
  • a method for discriminating the consistency of the transmission and reception delay of a differential channel is proposed, which is used on the master side or the slave side of the differential channel, including:
  • the first differential protection activation threshold when the variation of the channel delay is greater than the first threshold, the first differential protection activation threshold is changed to a second differential protection activation threshold, wherein the first differential protection activation threshold is The second differential protection activation threshold is greater than the first differential protection activation threshold.
  • the step of adjusting the sampled data on the two sides of the differential channel to a synchronous state includes:
  • the real-time calculation of the change amount of the channel delay, when the change amount of the channel delay is greater than the first threshold, start the transmission and reception delay of the channel The steps of identifying the consistency include:
  • abs represents an absolute value
  • the change amount ⁇ T d of the channel delay is greater than the first threshold, the determination of the consistency of the sending and receiving delay of the channel is started.
  • the step of starting the determination of the consistency of the transmission and reception delay of the channel includes:
  • the method for judging the consistency of the transmission and reception delay of the channel in the single channel mode includes:
  • the protection devices on both sides of the differential channel are not activated, and the three-phase differential current I Diff ⁇ is greater than the first threshold value I Diffset , and the three-phase differential current variation ⁇ I Diff ⁇ is greater than the first threshold value I Diffset .
  • the second threshold setting value ⁇ I Diffset and the three-phase braking current variation ⁇ I Bias ⁇ are all smaller than the third threshold setting value ⁇ I Biasset , it is determined that the sending and receiving delays of the channels are inconsistent, and the three-phase differential current changes
  • the calculation formula of the amount and the braking current variation of the three phases is as follows:
  • I Diff ⁇ (k), I Bias ⁇ (k) are respectively the three-phase differential current and the three-phase brake current at the current sampling time point; and I Diff ⁇ (kn), I Bias ⁇ (kn) are respectively a cycle The differential current of the previous three phases and the braking current of the three phases, where n is the number of sampling points of one cycle.
  • the method for judging the consistency of sending and receiving delays of the channels in the dual-channel mode includes:
  • the channel delay variation ⁇ T d of only one of the two channels is greater than the first threshold, select the channel whose channel delay variation ⁇ T d is less than or equal to the first threshold as the first channel,
  • the other channel is the second channel, and the sampling data on both sides of the two channels are adjusted to a synchronous state based on the channel delay of the first channel;
  • the slave side calculates an error ⁇ t between the sampling time of the slave side and the sampling time of the master side according to the channel delay of the second channel;
  • the method for determining the consistency of the sending and receiving delays of the channels in the dual-channel mode further includes:
  • the channel with a smaller variation of the channel delay is selected as the first channel, and the variation of the channel delay is The larger channel is the second channel;
  • the channel delay of the second channel is calculated, and the slave side calculating an error ⁇ t between the sampling moment of the slave side and the sampling moment of the master side according to the channel delay of the second channel;
  • the channel delay of the second channel is used as a reference to adjust the sampling data on both sides of the dual channels to a synchronous state.
  • the second channel is then judged according to the method for judging the consistency of the sending and receiving delays of the channels in the single-channel mode.
  • the step of calculating the channel delay of the differential channel includes:
  • the slave side sends the first frame message to the master side, and records the sending time t ss , when the master side receives the first frame message, records the receiving time t mr , and
  • the second frame message is returned to the slave side at t ms time, and the time difference (t ms -t mr ) is sent to the slave side as the message content of the second frame message at the same time, and the slave The side receives the returned second frame message at time t sr , and extracts the time difference (t ms -t mr ) from the second frame message, wherein the channel is calculated by the following formula Delay T d :
  • the method further includes:
  • the differential current and braking current are calculated by the following formula:
  • I Diff ⁇ , I Bias ⁇ are the differential current and the braking current of the ⁇ -phase, respectively.
  • a device for discriminating the consistency of transmission and reception delays of differential channels including:
  • a delay calculation module configured to calculate the channel delay of the differential channel
  • a synchronization module configured to adjust the sampling data on both sides of the differential channel to a synchronous state
  • the delay change monitoring module is configured to calculate the change amount of the channel delay in real time, wherein, when the change amount of the channel delay is greater than a first threshold, the consistency of the transmit and receive delay of the channel is started discriminate;
  • the judging module is configured to judge the consistency of channel sending and receiving delays.
  • an electronic device comprising:
  • a memory a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and operable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method described in any one of the foregoing when executing the computer program.
  • a differential protection communication system including the aforementioned device and/or the aforementioned electronic device.
  • the premise of the ping-pong principle method is that the sending and receiving delays of the channels are required to be consistent.
  • the communication network In order to improve the reliability of differential protection data transmission, the communication network generally has a self-healing function. In other words, when a communication device fails, it can automatically switch the channel route within a short period of time, and at this time, the delay of sending and receiving routes may be inconsistent. If the transmission and reception delays of the channels are inconsistent, the precondition of the ping-pong principle method will be destroyed, resulting in false synchronization, affecting the reliability of differential protection, and in extreme cases, it will cause differential misoperation.
  • the differential channel delay inconsistency discrimination method provided in the present application solves the problem that the consistency of the differential channel delay cannot be monitored without external time synchronization. It is possible to judge the consistency of the transmission and reception delay of the channel, and choose whether to block the differential protection according to the judgment result, which improves the reliability and stability of the differential protection.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a differential protection communication system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B show schematic diagrams of channel delay calculation and sampling time adjustment based on the ping-pong principle method according to an example embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 shows a flow chart of a method for judging consistency of sending and receiving delays of differential channels according to an example embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 shows a logic diagram for judging consistency of sending and receiving delays in a single channel mode according to an example embodiment of the present application.
  • 5A and 5B are schematic diagrams illustrating synchronous sampling of channels A and B in a dual-channel mode according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 shows a block diagram of an apparatus for judging inconsistent transmission and reception delays of differential channels according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 shows a block diagram of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this application will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art.
  • the same reference numerals denote the same or similar parts in the drawings, and thus their repeated descriptions will be omitted.
  • block diagrams shown in the figures are merely functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically separate entities.
  • these functional entities may be implemented in software, or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and/or processor devices and/or microcontroller devices entity.
  • the data exchange between devices on both sides of the differential protection channel usually adopts a multiplexing method, that is, it is realized through an external communication network, and these networks generally use a self-healing ring network.
  • the data exchange will automatically switch to the backup channel in a short time.
  • the channel after switching may have inconsistent delays of the sending and receiving routes, which destroys the precondition of differential synchronization (the delays of the sending and receiving routes are required to be consistent). Once the delay of sending and receiving routes is inconsistent, and the device does not judge it, there is a risk of misoperation of the device.
  • each exemplary embodiment of the present application proposes a method for judging the consistency of sending and receiving delays of differential channels, which can also be understood as inconsistent sending and receiving delays of differential channels Discrimination method.
  • This method is based on the premise that the transmission and reception delays of the channel are consistent, calculates the channel delay based on the ping-pong principle, adjusts the differential data on both sides to a synchronous state, and calculates the variation of the channel delay in real time.
  • the differential start threshold is immediately raised, and at the same time, the judgment of the consistency of the sending and receiving delays of the differential channel is started.
  • the determination of the consistency of the sending and receiving delays may include two types: the determination of the consistency of the sending and receiving delays in the single-channel mode and the determination of the consistency of the sending and receiving delays in the dual-channel mode.
  • the original differential protection function will be restored after the delay is confirmed.
  • an alarm signal is output and the differential protection function is blocked immediately, and the differential protection function is put into operation after the channel is repaired.
  • the method for judging the delay consistency of the differential channel provided by the exemplary embodiments of the present application solves the problem that the delay consistency of the differential channel cannot be monitored in the absence of external time synchronization.
  • the method can judge the consistency of the transmission and reception delay of the channel, and select whether to block the differential protection according to the judgment result, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the differential protection.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a differential protection communication system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication channel (for example, a communication network) connected to the differential protection device at both ends is a differential protection channel, that is, a differential channel, which is used for differential protection on both sides of the differential channel. Data exchange between protective devices.
  • One end of the differential channel is connected to the master, and the other end is connected to the slave, so as to perform channel delay calculation and synchronization adjustment.
  • Fig. 3 shows a flowchart of a method for judging consistency of sending and receiving delays of a differential channel according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the channel delay is calculated based on the ping-pong principle, and the sampling data on both sides are adjusted to a synchronous state.
  • step S301 the channel delay of the differential channel is calculated.
  • the M side is selected as the master side
  • the N side is selected as the slave side.
  • the slave side sends a frame message to the master side, and records the sending time t ss .
  • the master side receives the frame message, record the receiving time t mr , and return a frame message to the slave side at t ms time, and send the time difference (t ms -t mr ) as the message content to the slave side aircraft side.
  • the slave side receives the returned message at time t sr , and extracts (t ms -t mr ) information from it to calculate the channel delay T d , as shown in formula (1):
  • step S303 adjust the sampling data on both sides of the differential channel to a synchronous state.
  • the slave side calculates the error ⁇ t between the sampling time of the slave side and the sampling time of the master side according to the channel delay. Then the sampling time on the master side remains unchanged, and the slave side gradually adjusts its own sampling time until ⁇ t tends to 0, so that the sampling data on both sides are synchronized.
  • I Diff ⁇ and I Bias ⁇ are the ⁇ -phase differential current and braking current, respectively.
  • step S305 the change amount of channel delay is calculated in real time, and when the change amount of channel delay is greater than the first threshold, the determination of the consistency of sending and receiving delays of the channel is started.
  • the method of determining the consistency of the channel sending and receiving delay may include: calculating the channel delay value T d (K) of the current sampling time point in real time, and comparing it with the previous sampling time Compared with the channel delay value T d (K-1) of the point, the delay variation ⁇ T d is obtained, as shown in the formula (3):
  • abs represents an absolute value
  • the change amount ⁇ T d of the channel delay is greater than the first threshold, the determination of the consistency of the sending and receiving delay of the channel is started.
  • the differential protection device provides two sets of independent differential protection functions, each of which can be switched on or off independently. When a certain set of protection functions is turned on, there will be a corresponding turn-on sign. The input status of the channel can be judged by the input signs of the two sets of protection devices.
  • One device provides two sets of independent differential protection functions, and the user determines whether to use a single channel or a dual channel according to the external channel conditions, which requires that each set of differential protection functions can be turned on or off independently. If it is used in a single-channel scenario, only one set of differential protection functions can be used to cooperate with it, and the other set should be withdrawn; if it is used in a dual-channel scenario, both sets of differential protection functions need to be enabled.
  • Channel inputs include single-channel inputs and dual-channel inputs.
  • a single channel is enabled, the judgment of the consistency of the sending and receiving delays of the channel in the single channel mode is adopted.
  • dual channels are enabled, the judgment of the consistency of the sending and receiving delays of the channels in the dual channel mode is adopted.
  • the following first takes the single-channel mode as an example to describe the method for judging the consistency of the sending and receiving delays of the channels in the single-channel mode.
  • the method for judging the consistency of the sending and receiving delays of the channel in the single-channel mode may include the following steps: During the starting period of the judging and starting of the sending and receiving delay consistency of the single-channel, the devices on both sides are not activated. The protection device will diagnose whether the system fails in real time. When a fault is detected in the system, the protection device will start and send a start signal.
  • Fig. 4 shows a logic diagram for judging inconsistent sending and receiving delays in a single channel mode according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • I Diff ⁇ (k), I Bias ⁇ (k) are the three-phase differential current and the three-phase brake current at the current sampling time point respectively; and I Diff ⁇ (kn), I Bias ⁇ (kn) are respectively a cycle The differential current of the previous three phases and the braking current of the three phases.
  • ⁇ represents any one of the three phases, and the three phases must meet the above conditions at the same time when judging.
  • the methods for judging the consistency of channel sending and receiving delays in dual-channel mode include: in dual-channel mode, judging the consistency when one of the channel delays changes and the consistency when the delays of two channels change at the same time judge.
  • the method for judging the consistency of the delay change of one of the channels can be: when the delay of channel A does not change, but the delay of channel B changes, select channel A as the reference for sampling synchronization adjustment .
  • the channel delay T d A is calculated according to formula (1) based on channel A. Then, calculate the sampling time on both sides according to T d A, and adjust the sampling time on the slave side (N side) until the sampling time on both sides is completely synchronized.
  • the sampling time of channel A after synchronization is shown in Fig. 5A.
  • the channel delay T d B of channel B is also calculated according to formula (1).
  • the theoretical sampling time of the slave side (N side) is calculated according to the channel TdB . Compare this theoretical sampling time with the actual sampling time (the actual sampling time has been adjusted and synchronized by channel A), and calculate the sampling time difference ⁇ tB. Then, according to the size of ⁇ tB, it is judged whether the sending and receiving delays of channel B are consistent. When the sending and receiving delays of channel B are inconsistent, the sampling time error is shown in FIG. 5B .
  • ⁇ tB is a value equal to 0 (considering the error, it should be a value close to 0).
  • ⁇ tB is a value greater than 0. Therefore, judge whether the channel B delay is consistent according to the size of ⁇ tB. In an embodiment, when ⁇ tB is greater than or equal to the set threshold ⁇ set , it may be determined that the sending and receiving delays are inconsistent.
  • the method for judging the consistency when the delays of two channels change at the same time can be: when the delays of both channels change, the one with the smaller delay change (set as channel A) is used as the The reference is adjusted synchronously, and at the same time, the delay consistency of the channel is judged for the channel A according to the above-mentioned method of judging the consistency of the sending and receiving delay of the channel in the single-channel mode.
  • channel A has the same delay
  • another channel (set as channel B) is used to judge the delay consistency of the channel.
  • the discrimination method is the same as the method in the first case of 1) above.
  • the synchronization adjustment is performed based on channel B. Then, the above-mentioned method for judging the consistency of the sending and receiving delay of the channel in the single-channel mode is used to judge the consistency of the channel delay for the channel B.
  • the delay T d of channel B is calculated.
  • the slave side calculates the error ⁇ t between the sampling time of the slave side and the sampling time of the master side according to the delay T d of channel B. Subsequently, the sampling time on the master side remains unchanged, and the slave side gradually adjusts its own sampling time until ⁇ t tends to 0, so that the sampling data on both sides are synchronized.
  • step S307 it is determined whether to block the differential protection according to the judgment result of the consistency of the sending and receiving delays of the channels.
  • the deficiency that the differential channel consistency cannot be monitored can be overcome, and the inconsistency of channel transmission and reception delays can be found in time.
  • the method can discriminate between a single-channel mode and a dual-channel mode.
  • the delay of the channel is inconsistent, the differential protection is blocked in time.
  • the method improves the reliability and stability of the differential protection function. At the same time, this method does not rely on external time synchronization sources, does not increase additional costs, and does not consume additional resources.
  • Fig. 6 shows a block diagram of an apparatus for judging consistency of sending and receiving delays of a differential channel according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the device shown in FIG. 6 can execute each step of the method for judging consistency of transmission and reception delays of differential channels according to various embodiments of the present application.
  • the apparatus for judging consistency of sending and receiving delays of differential channels may include: a delay calculation module 610 , a synchronization module 620 , a delay change monitoring module 630 , and a judging module 640 .
  • the delay calculation module 610 is configured to calculate channel delay.
  • the synchronization module 620 is configured to adjust the sampling data on both sides of the differential channel to a synchronous state.
  • the delay change monitoring module 630 is configured to calculate the delay change of the channel in real time, and when the delay change of the channel is greater than the first threshold, start the judgment of the consistency of the channel sending and receiving delay.
  • the judging module 640 is configured to judge consistency of sending and receiving delays of channels.
  • the device implements a function similar to the method provided above, and other functions may refer to the previous description, and will not be repeated here.
  • Fig. 7 shows a block diagram of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 An electronic device 200 according to this embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to FIG. 7 .
  • the electronic device 200 shown in FIG. 7 is only an example, and should not limit the functions and scope of use of this embodiment of the present application.
  • electronic device 200 takes the form of a general-purpose computing device.
  • Components of the electronic device 200 may include, but are not limited to: at least one processing unit 210, at least one storage unit 220, a bus 230 connecting different system components (including the storage unit 220 and the processing unit 210), a display unit 240, and the like.
  • the storage unit 220 stores program codes, and the program codes can be executed by the processing unit 210, so that the processing unit 210 executes the methods according to various exemplary implementations of the present application.
  • the storage unit 220 may include a readable medium in the form of a volatile storage unit, such as a random access storage unit (RAM) 2201 and/or a cache storage unit 2202 , and may further include a read-only storage unit (ROM) 2203 .
  • RAM random access storage unit
  • ROM read-only storage unit
  • the storage unit 220 may also include a program/utility 2204 having a set (at least one) of program modules 2205 .
  • program modules 2205 include, but are not limited to, an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data. Implementations of networked environments may be included in each or some combination of these examples.
  • Bus 230 may represent one or more of several types of bus structures, including a memory cell bus or memory cell controller, a peripheral bus, an accelerated graphics port, a processing unit, or a local area using any of a variety of bus structures. bus.
  • the electronic device 200 can also communicate with one or more external devices 300 (such as keyboards, pointing devices, Bluetooth devices, etc.), and can also communicate with one or more devices that enable the user to interact with the electronic device 200, and/or communicate with Any device (eg, router, modem, etc.) that enables the electronic device 200 to communicate with one or more other computing devices. Such communication may occur through input/output (I/O) interface 250 .
  • the electronic device 200 can also communicate with one or more networks (such as a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN) and/or a public network such as the Internet) through the network adapter 260.
  • the network adapter 260 can communicate with other modules of the electronic device 200 through the bus 230 .
  • other hardware and/or software modules may be used in conjunction with electronic device 200, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives And data backup storage system, etc.
  • the technical solution according to the embodiment of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which can be a CD-ROM, U disk, mobile hard disk, etc.) or on a network, including Several instructions enable a computing device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the above-mentioned method according to the embodiments of the present application.
  • a computing device which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.
  • a software product may utilize any combination of one or more readable media.
  • the readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium.
  • the readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of readable storage media include: electrical connection with one or more conductors, portable disk, hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
  • a computer readable storage medium may include a data signal carrying readable program code in baseband or as part of a carrier wave traveling as part of a data signal. Such propagated data signals may take many forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
  • a readable storage medium may also be any readable medium other than a readable storage medium that can send, propagate or transport a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus or device.
  • the program code contained on the readable storage medium may be transmitted by any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, cable, optical cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the above.
  • the program codes for performing the operations of the exemplary embodiments of the present application can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, and the programming languages include object-oriented programming languages—such as Java, C++, etc., and also include A conventional procedural programming language - such as the "C" language or a similar programming language.
  • the program code may execute entirely on the user's computing device, partly on the user's device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computing device and partly on a remote computing device, or entirely on the remote computing device or server to execute.
  • the remote computing device may be connected to the user computing device through any kind of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computing device (for example, using an Internet service provider). business to connect via the Internet).
  • LAN local area network
  • WAN wide area network
  • Internet service provider for example, using an Internet service provider
  • modules in the above embodiments can be distributed in the device according to the description of the embodiment, or can be changed correspondingly in one or more devices that are uniquely different from the exemplary embodiments of the present application.
  • the modules in the above embodiments can be combined into one module, and can also be further split into multiple sub-modules.

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  • Synchronisation In Digital Transmission Systems (AREA)
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Abstract

本申请公开了一种差动通道收发延时一致性的判别方法及其装置、电子设备、差动保护通信***，用于差动通道的主机侧或从机侧。该方法包括：计算所述差动通道的通道延时；调整所述差动通道两侧的采样数据至同步状态；实时计算所述通道延时的变化量，当所述通道延时的所述变化量大于第一阈值时，启动所述通道的收发延时的一致性的判别，以得到所述通道的收发延时的所述一致性的判别结果；以及根据所述通道的收发延时的所述一致性的所述判别结果，确定是否闭锁差动保护。

Description

差动通道收发延时一致性的判别方法及其装置、电子设备、差动保护通信***
相关申请
本申请要求于2021年11月18日提交中国专利局、申请号为2021113736564、申请名称为“差动通道收发延时不一致判别的方法、装置及差动保护通信***”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电工技术领域，特别涉及一种差动通道收发延时一致性的判别方法及其装置、电子设备、差动保护通信***。
背景技术
随着通信技术的发展，差动保护得到了广泛应用。在差动保护技术领域，纵联差动保护具有保护范围明确、原理简单、稳定可靠等优点。差动保护利用通信网络交换信息，将对侧电流量等信息传输到本侧，根据本侧和对侧的电流计算差动电流和制动电流，并根据差动动作特性判断是否为区内故障。
差动保护正常工作的前提是本侧和对侧的数据同步。因此，两侧数据同步技术是实现差动保护的关键。目前常用的线路差动保护同步方法有同步时钟源法、乒乓原理法(Ping-Pong method)、参考相量法等，乒乓原理法由于不依赖外部对时源，稳定可靠，从而在差动保护中得到广泛应用。
发明内容
本申请各示例性实施例旨在提供一种差动通道的收发延时不一致判别的方法、装置及差动保护通信***，通过对通道收发延时一致性的实时判别，克服差动通道一致性无法监视的不足，及时发现通道收发延时不一致的情况。该方法能对单通道模式和双通道模式进行判别，当通道延时不一致时及时闭锁差动保护，提高差动保护功能的可靠性和稳定性。同时该方法不依赖外部对时源，不增加额外成本，不消耗额外资源。
根据本申请的一个实施例，提出一种差动通道收发延时的一致性的判别方法，用于差动通道的主机侧或从机侧，包括：
计算所述差动通道的通道延时；
调整所述差动通道两侧的采样数据至同步状态；
实时计算所述通道延时的变化量，当所述通道延时的所述变化量大于第一阈值时，启动所述通道的收发延时的一致性的判别，以得到所述通道的收发延时的所述一致性的判别结果；以及
根据所述通道的收发延时的所述一致性的所述判别结果，确定是否闭锁差动保护。
在一可选实施例中，当所述通道延时的所述变化量大于所述第一阈值时，将第一差动保护启动阈值变更为第二差动保护启动阈值，其中，所述第二差动保护启动阈值大于所述第一差动保护启动阈值。
在一可选实施例中，在所述通道的收发延时的所述一致性的所述判别结果为所述通道的收发延时一致时，经延时确认后，将所述第二差动保护启动阈值变更为所述第一差动保护启动阈值；以及
在所述通道的收发延时的所述一致性的所述判别结果为所述通道的收发延时不一致时，闭锁差动保护。
在一可选实施例中，所述调整所述差动通道的所述两侧的所述采样数据至同步状态的步骤，包括：
计算出所述通道延时后，根据所述通道延时计算所述主机侧的采样时刻与所述从机侧的采样时刻的误差Δt；以及
使所述主机侧的所述采样时刻保持不变，并逐步调整所述从机侧的所述采样时刻直到Δt趋于0。
在一可选实施例中，所述实时计算所述通道延时的所述变化量，当所述通道延时的所述变化量大于所述第一阈值时，启动所述通道的收发延时的一致性的判别的步骤，包括：
实时计算当前采样点K的通道延时值T d(K)，并与上一采样点K-1的通道延时值T d(K-1)进行比较，得到所述通道延时的所述变化量ΔT d，所述变化量ΔT d的计算公式如下：
ΔT d＝abs(T d(K)-T d(K-1))，
其中，abs表示求绝对值，当所述通道延时的所述变化量ΔT d大于所述第一阈值时，启动所述通道的收发延时的一致性的判别。
在一可选实施例中，所述启动所述通道的收发延时的一致性的判别的步骤，包括：
在投入单通道的情况下，启动单通道模式下的所述通道的收发延时的一致性的判别方法；或
在投入双通道的情况下，启动双通道模式下的通道收发延时的一致性的判别方法。
在一可选实施例中，所述单通道模式下的所述通道的收发延时的所述一致性的所述判别方法包括：
在所述差动通道的所述两侧的保护装置均无起动，同时三相的差动电流I DiffΦ均大于第一门槛定值I Diffset，三相的差动电流变化量ΔI DiffΦ均大于第二门槛定值ΔI Diffset，且三相的制动电流变化量ΔI BiasΦ均小于第三门槛定值ΔI Biasset的情况下，判定所述通道的收发延时不一致，所述三相的差动电流变化量和所述三相的制动电流变化量计算公式如下：
Figure PCTCN2022122507-appb-000001
其中，I DiffΦ(k)，I BiasΦ(k)分别为当前采样时间点的三相的差动电流和三相的制动电流；且I DiffΦ(k-n)，I BiasΦ(k-n)分别为一个周波前的三相的差动电流和三相的制动电流，其中，n为一个周波的采样点数。
在一可选实施例中，所述双通道模式下的所述通道的收发延时一致性的所述判别方法包括：
当所述双通道中只有一个通道的通道延时的变化量ΔT d大于所述第一阈值时，选取通道延时的变化量ΔT d小于或等于所述第一阈值的通道为第一通道，另一通道为第二通道，以所述第一通道的所述通道延时为基准，调整所述双通道的两侧的采样数据至同步状态；且
计算所述第二通道的所述通道延时，所述从机侧根据所述第二通道的所述通道延时计算所述从机侧的采样时刻与所述主机侧采样时刻的误差Δt；
其中，在所述误差Δt小于所述第二阈值时，判断所述第二通道的收发延时一致；以及
在所述误差Δt大于或等于所述第二阈值时，则判断所述第二通道的收发延时不一致。
在一可选实施例中，所述双通道模式下的所述通道的所述收发延时的所述一致性的 判别方法还包括：
当所述双通道中的两个通道的通道延时的变化量ΔT d均大于所述第一阈值时，选取通道延时的变化量较小的通道为第一通道，通道延时的变化量较大的通道为第二通道；以及
调整所述第一通道的两侧的采样数据至同步状态，再按照所述单通道模式下所述通道的收发延时的一致性的所述判别方法对所述第一通道进行所述通道的收发延时的一致性的判别。
在一可选实施例中，在所述第一通道的判别结果为所述第一通道的所述通道延时一致时，计算所述第二通道的所述通道延时，所述从机侧根据所述第二通道的所述通道延时计算所述从机侧的采样时刻与所述主机侧的采样时刻的误差Δt；
其中，在所述误差Δt小于所述第二阈值时，判断所述第二通道的收发延时一致；以及
在所述误差Δt大于或等于所述第二阈值时，判断所述第二通道的收发延时不一致。
在一可选实施例中，在判别出所述第一通道的通道延时不一致，则以所述第二通道的通道延时为基准，调整所述双通道的两侧采样数据至同步状态，再按照所述单通道模式下所述通道的收发延时的一致性的所述判别方法对所述第二通道进行判别。
在一可选实施例中，所述计算所述差动通道的所述通道延时的步骤，包括：
所述从机侧发送第一帧报文到所述主机侧，并且记录下发送时刻t ss，当所述主机侧接收到所述第一帧报文时，记录下接收时刻t mr，并在t ms时刻返回第二帧报文给所述从机侧，同时将时间差(t ms-t mr)作为所述第二帧报文的报文内容发送给所述从机侧，所述从机侧在t sr时刻收到返回的所述第二帧报文，并从所述第二帧报文中提取出所述时间差(t ms-t mr)，其中，通过如下公式计算得到所述通道延时T d：
Figure PCTCN2022122507-appb-000002
在一可选实施例中，在所述调整所述差动通道的所述两侧的所述采样数据至同步状态的步骤后，所述方法还包括：
根据所述两侧的同步后的电流数据，通过如下公式计算得到差动电流和制动电流：
Figure PCTCN2022122507-appb-000003
其中，
Figure PCTCN2022122507-appb-000004
分别为所述主机侧与所述从机侧的Φ相的电流，且I DiffΦ，I BiasΦ分别为所述Φ相的所述差动电流和所述制动电流。
根据本申请的另一个实施例，提出一种差动通道收发延时的一致性的判别装置，包括：
延时计算模块，配置为计算所述差动通道的通道延时；
同步模块，配置为调整所述差动通道的两侧的采样数据至同步状态；
延时变化监测模块，配置为实时计算所述通道延时的变化量，其中，当所述通道延时的所述变化量大于第一阈值时，启动所述通道的收发延时的一致性的判别；以及
判别模块，配置为进行通道收发延时的一致性的判别。
根据本申请的一方面，提出一种电子设备，包括：
存储器、处理器以及存储在所述存储器中并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序，其特征在于，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现前述任一项所述的方法。
根据本申请的另一方面，提供一种差动保护通信***，包括如前所述的装置和/或如前所述的电子设备。
相关技术中，乒乓原理法的前提是要求通道的收发延时一致。为了提高差动保护数据传输的可靠性，通信网络一般具有自愈功能。换言之，通信设备出现故障时，能够在很短的时间内自动切换通道路由，此时可能出现收发路由的延时不一致的情况。如果通道的收发延时不一致，会破坏乒乓原理法的前提条件，从而造成假同步现象，影响差动保护的可靠性，极端情况下会造成差动误动。
当通道的收发延时不一致时，理论上可以通过外部对时来实现两侧数据的同步。但由于条件限制，某些国家和地区不具备外部对时条件。另外，外部对时受环境影响较大，稳定性得不到保障。
根据本申请的示例实施例，本申请提供的差动通道延时不一致判别方法，解决了在无外部对时的情况下，差动通道延时的一致性无法监视的不足。能够对通道收发延时一致性进行判别，并根据判断结果选择是否闭锁差动保护，提高了差动保护的可靠性和稳定性。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性的，并不能限制本申请。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。
图1示出根据本申请一示例实施例的差动保护通信***示意图。
图2A和2B示出根据本申请一示例实施例的基于乒乓原理法的通道延时计算及采样时刻调整示意图。
图3示出根据本申请一示例实施例的差动通道收发延时一致性的判别的方法流程图。
图4示出根据本申请一示例实施例的单通道模式收发延时一致性的判断逻辑图。
图5A和5B示出根据本申请一示例实施例的双通道模式通道A和B采样同步示意图。
图6示出根据本申请一示例实施例的差动通道收发延时不一致判别的装置的框图。
图7示出根据一示例性实施例的一种电子设备的框图。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图更全面地描述示例实施例。然而，示例实施例能够以多种形式实施，且不应被理解为限于在此阐述的实施例。相反，提供这些实施例使得本申请将全面和完整，并将示例实施例的构思全面地传达给本领域的技术人员。在图中相同的附图标记表示相同或类似的部分，因而将省略对它们的重复描述。
此外，所描述的特征、结构或特性可以以任何合适的方式结合在一个或更多实施例中。在下面的描述中，提供许多具体细节从而给出对本申请的实施例的充分理解。然而，本领域技术人员将意识到，可以实践本申请的技术方案而没有特定细节中的一个或更多，或者可以采用其它的方法、组元、装置、步骤等。在其它情况下，不详细示出或描述公知方法、装置、实现或者操作以避免模糊本申请的各方面。
除非上下文中另有说明，附图中所示的方框图仅仅是功能实体，不一定必须与物理上独立的实体相对应。换言之，可以采用软件形式来实现这些功能实体，或在一个或多个硬件模块或集成电路中实现这些功能实体，或在不同网络和/或处理器装置和/或微控制器装置中实现这些功能实体。
附图中所示的流程图仅是示例性说明，不是必须包括所有的内容和操作/步骤，也不是必须按所描述的顺序执行。例如，有的操作/步骤还可以分解，而有的操作/步骤可以合并或部分合并。因此，实际执行的顺序有可能根据实际情况改变。
应理解，虽然本文中可能使用术语第一、第二、第三等来描述各种组件，但这些组件不应受这些术语限制。这些术语乃用以区分一组件与另一组件。因此，下文论述的第一组件可称为第二组件而不偏离本申请概念的教示。如本文中所使用，术语“及/或”包括相关联的列出项目中的任一个及一或多者的所有组合。
本领域技术人员可以理解，附图只是示例实施例的示意图，附图中的模块或流程并不一定是实施本申请所必须的，因此不能用于限制本申请的保护范围。
现有技术中，在差动保护通道的两侧的装置之间的数据交换通常采用复接方式，即通过外部通信网络实现，这些网络一般采用自愈环网。当原来的传输通道出现故障后，数据交换在短时间内自动切换到备用通道。切换后的通道有可能出现收发路由的延迟不一致的情况，即破坏了差动同步的前提条件(要求收发路由的延迟一致)。一旦出现收发路由的延迟不一致，且装置没有判断出来的情况下，则装置存在误动风险。
为了解决上述问题，提高差动保护的稳定性，本申请各示例性实施例提出一种差动通道的收发延时的一致性的判别方法，也可以理解为差动通道的收发延时不一致的判别方法。该方法以通道的收发延时一致为前提，以乒乓原理法为基础计算通道延时并调整两侧的差动数据至同步状态，并实时计算通道延时的变化量。当通道延时的变化量大于设定值时，立即抬高差动启动门槛，同时启动差动通道的收发延时一致性的判别。收发延时一致性的判别可以包括单通道模式下收发延时一致性的判别和双通道模式下收发延时一致性的判别两种类型。当判断出通道的收发延时一致时，经延时确认后恢复原差动保护功能。当判断出收发延时不一致时，输出告警信号并立即闭锁差动保护功能，待通道修复后再投入差动保护功能。
本申请各示例性实施例提供的差动通道的延时一致性的判别方法，解决了在无外部对时的情况下，差动通道的延时一致性无法监视的不足。该方法能够对通道的收发延时的一致性进行判别，并根据判断结果选择是否闭锁差动保护，从而提高了差动保护的可靠性和稳定性。
以下将结合附图，对本申请的技术方案进行详细说明。
图1示出根据本申请示例性实施例的差动保护通信***示意图。
如图1所示的差动保护***中，两端连接差动保护装置的通信通道(例如，通信网络)为差动保护通道，即差动通道，用于在差动通道两侧的差动保护装置之间的数据交换。差动通道的一端连接至主机，另一端连接至从机，从而进行通道的延时计算和同步调整。
图3示出根据本申请一示例性实施例的差动通道的收发延时一致性的判别方法流程图。
根据一示例性实施例，以乒乓原理法为基础计算通道延时，并调整两侧的采样数据至同步状态。
参见图3，在步骤S301，计算差动通道的通道延时。
结合图2A所示示例性实施例，选定M侧为主机侧，N侧为从机侧。从机侧发送一帧报文到主机侧，并且记录下发送时刻t ss。当主机侧接收到该帧报文时，记录下接收时刻t mr，并在t ms时刻返回一帧报文给从机侧，同时将时间差(t ms-t mr)作为报文内容传送给从机侧。从机侧在t sr时刻收到返回的报文，并从中提取出(t ms-t mr)信息，从而计算通道延时T d，如公式(1)所示：
Figure PCTCN2022122507-appb-000005
在步骤S303，调整差动通道两侧的采样数据至同步状态。
结合图2B所示示例性实施例，当计算出通道延时T d后，从机侧根据通道延时计算从机侧的采样时刻与主机侧的采样时刻的误差Δt。随后主机侧采样时刻保持不变，从机侧逐步调整自身采样时刻直到Δt趋于0，从而使两侧采样数据达到同步。
根据两侧同步后的电流数据进行差动电流和制动电流的计算，如公式(2)所示：
Figure PCTCN2022122507-appb-000006
其中，
Figure PCTCN2022122507-appb-000007
分别为M侧与N侧Φ相电流，且I DiffΦ，I BiasΦ分别为Φ相差动电流和制动电流。
在步骤S305，实时计算通道延时变化量，当通道延时变化量大于第一阈值时，启动通道的收发延时一致性的判别。
当通道的延时变化量大于第一阈值时，提高差动启动阈值，同时启动通道的收发延时一致性的判别，即，将第一差动保护启动阈值变更为第二差动保护启动阈值，其中，第二差动保护启动阈值大于第一差动保护启动阈值。
实时计算通道延时，当通道延时发生变化时开始通道收发延时一致性的判别的方法可包括：实时计算当前采样时间点的通道延时值T d(K)，并与上一采样时间点的通道延时值T d(K-1)进行比较，得到延时变化量ΔT d，如公式(3)所示：
ΔT d＝abs(T d(K)-T d(K-1))      (3)
其中，abs表示求绝对值，当所述通道延时的所述变化量ΔT d大于所述第一阈值时，启动所述通道的收发延时的一致性的判别。
当延时变化量ΔT d大于门槛定值T set时，启动通道的收发延时一致性的判别。
差动保护装置提供两套独立的差动保护功能，每套都可独立投入或退出。当某套保护功能投入时，会有对应的投入标志。通过两套保护装置的投入标志来判断通道投入情况。一台装置中提供两套独立的差动保护功能，用户根据外部通道情况来确定采用单通道还是双通道，这就要求每套差动保护功能可以独立投入或退出。如用于单通道的场景，则可以只投入一套差动保护功能与之配合，另一套要退出；如用于双通道的场景，则需要将两套差动保护功能均投入。
根据通道投入情况自动识别通道的收发延时不一致的情况。通道投入情况包括单通道投入和双通道投入。当投入单通道时，采用单通道模式下通道的收发延时一致性的判别。当投入双通道时，采用双通道模式下通道的收发延时一致性的判别。
下面先以单通道模式为例，对单通道模式下通道的收发延时一致性的判别方法进行说明。
单通道模式下通道的收发延时一致性的判别方法可以包括以下步骤：在单通道的收发延时一致性的判别启动期间，两侧装置均不启动。保护装置会实时诊断***是否发生故障。当检测到***发生故障时，保护装置会起动，并发出起动信号。
图4示出根据本申请一示例实施例的单通道模式下收发延时不一致的判断逻辑图。
参见图4，当计算的通道延时变化量ΔT d大于设定的门槛T set，且两侧装置均没有起动，同时三相的差动电流I DiffΦ均大于第一门槛定值I Diffset，且三相的差动电流变化量ΔI DiffΦ均大于第二门槛定值ΔI Diffset，三相的制动电流变化量ΔI BiasΦ均小于第三 门槛定值ΔI Biasset的情况下，则判断结果为通道的收发延时不一致。
三相的差动电流变化量和三相的制动电流变化量计算公式如下：
Figure PCTCN2022122507-appb-000008
其中，I DiffΦ(k)，I BiasΦ(k)分别为当前采样时间点的三相的差动电流和三相的制动电流；且I DiffΦ(k-n)，I BiasΦ(k-n)分别为一个周波前的三相的差动电流和三相的制动电流。
单通道模式下，当实时计算的通道延时变化量ΔT d大于门槛定值T set时，启动通道的收发延时一致性的判别。根据三相的差动电流，三相的差动电流的变化量以及三相的制动电流的变化量来判断通道的收发延时一致性，其中，判别的条件为：
三相的差动电流I DiffΦ>I Diffset＝，
三相的差动电流的变化量ΔI DiffΦ>ΔI Diffset，以及
三相的制动电流的变化量ΔI BiasΦ<ΔI Biasset，
其中，Φ代表三相中的任一相，且判断的时候需要三相同时满足上述条件。
接下来以双通道模式为例，对双通道模式下通道的收发延时一致性的判别方法进行说明。
双通道模式下通道收发延时一致性判别的方法包括：双通道模式下，对其中一个通道延时发生变化时的一致性的判别和对两个通道的延时同时发生变化时的一致性的判别。
1)第一种情况
双通道模式下，其中一个通道延时发生变化的一致性的判别方法可为：当通道A的延时无变化，而通道B的延时发生变化时，则选取通道A为基准进行采样同步调整。
双通道模式下，以通道A为基准按照公式(1)算出通道延时T dA。然后，根据T dA对两侧的采样时刻进行计算，并调整从机侧(N侧)的采样时刻，直至调整到两侧的采样时刻完全同步。通道A同步后采样时刻如图5A所示。
接下来，同样根据公式(1)算出通道B的通道延时T dB。然后，根据通道T dB推算出从机侧(N侧)理论上的采样时刻。将这个理论采样时刻跟实际采样时刻进行比较(实际采样时刻已经由通道A调整同步)，算出采样时刻差ΔtB。然后，根据ΔtB的大小判断通道B是否收发延时一致。当通道B的收发延时不一致时， 采样时刻误差如图5B所示。
在一可选实施例中，上述判别方法可以包括以下步骤。首先计算出通道A的延时T dA，以T dA为基准进行采样同步调整。调整后的两侧的采样时刻一致。T sA为通道A采样同步调整之后的某一个采样时刻。再计算出通道B的延时T dB，根据通道B的数据接收时刻T rB回推通道B的延时时间T dB，从而得到本侧通道B的理论采样时刻T sB，进而得到两个通道的采样时刻差为ΔtB＝abs(T sA-T sB)。
当通道B收发延时一致时，则ΔtB为等于0的值(考虑误差，应为接近0的值)。当通道B收发延时不一致时，则ΔtB为大于0的值。因此，根据ΔtB的大小来判断通道B延时是否一致。在一实施例中，当ΔtB大于或等于设定门槛δ set时，可以判定为收发延时不一致。
2)第二种情况
双通道模式下，两个通道延时同时发生变化时的一致性的判别方法可为：当两个通道的延时均发生变化时，则以延时变化量小者(设为A通道)为基准进行同步调整，同时按照上述单通道模式下通道的收发延时一致性的判别方法对通道A进行通道的延时一致性判别。
如果通道A延时一致，则对另一通道(设为B通道)进行通道的延时一致性的判别。该判别方法与上述1)第一种情况中的方法相同。
如果判断出通道A收发延时不一致，则再以通道B为基准进行同步调整。然后，采用上述单通道模式下通道的收发延时的一致性的判别方法对通道B进行通道延时的一致性的判别。
具体地，计算出通道B的延时T d。从机侧根据通道B的延时T d计算从机侧的采样时刻与主机侧采样时刻的误差Δt。随后，主机侧的采样时刻保持不变，从机侧逐步调整自身采样时刻直到Δt趋于0，从而使两侧的采样数据达到同步。
根据两侧的同步后的电流数据按照公式(2)进行差动电流和制动电流的计算。
再根据公式(4)计算三相差动电流，三相差动电流变化量以及三相制动电流变化量，以判断是否同时满足三相差动电流I DiffΦ>I Diffset，三相差动电流变化量ΔI DiffΦ>ΔI Diffset，三相制动电流变化量ΔI BiasΦ<ΔI Biasset。
在步骤S307，根据通道的收发延时的一致性的判别结果，确定是否闭锁差动保护。
当判断出通道的延时不一致时，输出告警信号并闭锁差动保护。经过通道的延时的一致性判别后，如果判断结果为通道延时不一致，则输出对应通道的收发 延时不一致的告警信号，同时自动闭锁对应通道的差动保护功能，待通道修复后再投入差动保护。
应清楚地理解，本申请描述了如何形成和使用特定示例，但本申请不限于这些示例的任何细节。相反，基于本申请公开的内容的教导，这些原理能够应用于许多其它实施例。
本领域技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分步骤被实现为由CPU执行的计算机程序。在该计算机程序被CPU执行时，执行本申请提供的上述方法所限定的上述功能的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储介质中，该存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
此外，需要注意的是，上述附图仅是根据本申请示例性实施例的方法所包括的处理的示意性说明，而不是限制目的。易于理解，上述附图所示的处理并不表明或限制这些处理的时间顺序。另外，也易于理解，这些处理可以是例如在多个模块中同步或异步执行的。
通过对示例实施例的描述，本领域技术人员易于理解，根据本申请实施例的差动通道收发延时不一致判别的方法至少具有以下优点中的一个或多个。
根据示例实施例，通过对通道收发延时一致性的实时判别，克服差动通道一致性无法监视的不足，及时发现通道收发延时不一致的情况。
根据示例实施例，该方法能对单通道模式和双通道模式进行判别。当通道的延时不一致时及时闭锁差动保护。
根据示例实施例，该方法提高了差动保护功能的可靠性和稳定性。同时该方法不依赖外部对时源，不增加额外成本，不消耗额外资源。
下面描述本申请的装置实施例，其可以用于执行本申请方法实施例。对于本申请装置实施例中未披露的细节，可参照本申请方法实施例。
图6示出根据本申请示例实施例的差动通道的收发延时一致性的判别装置的框图。
图6所示装置可以执行根据本申请的各实施例的差动通道收发延时一致性的判别方法的各步骤。
如图6所示，差动通道的收发延时一致性的判别装置可包括：延时计算模块610、同步模块620、延时变化监测模块630，以及判别模块640。
参见图6并参照前面的描述，延时计算模块610，配置为计算通道延时。
同步模块620，配置为调整差动通道的两侧采样数据至同步状态。
延时变化监测模块630，配置为实时计算通道的延时变化量，当通道的延时变化量大于第一阈值时，启动通道收发延时一致性的判别。
判别模块640，配置为执行通道的收发延时一致性的判别。
装置实现与前面提供的方法类似的功能，其他功能可参见前面的描述，此处不再赘述。
图7示出根据一示例性实施例的一种电子设备的框图。
下面参照图7来描述根据本申请的这种实施方式的电子设备200。图7显示的电子设备200仅仅是一个示例，不应对本申请实施例的功能和使用范围带来任何限制。
如图7所示，电子设备200以通用计算设备的形式表现。电子设备200的组件可以包括但不限于：至少一个处理单元210、至少一个存储单元220、连接不同***组件(包括存储单元220和处理单元210)的总线230、显示单元240等。
其中，存储单元220存储有程序代码，程序代码可以被处理单元210执行，使得处理单元210执行根据本申请各种示例性的实施方式的方法。
存储单元220可以包括易失性存储单元形式的可读介质，例如随机存取存储单元(RAM)2201和/或高速缓存存储单元2202，还可以进一步包括只读存储单元(ROM)2203。
存储单元220还可以包括具有一组(至少一个)程序模块2205的程序/实用工具2204。这样的程序模块2205包括但不限于：操作***、一个或者多个应用程序、其它程序模块以及程序数据。这些示例中的每一个或某种组合中可能包括网络环境的实现。
总线230可以为表示几类总线结构中的一种或多种，包括存储单元总线或者存储单元控制器、***总线、图形加速端口、处理单元或者使用多种总线结构中的任意总线结构的局域总线。
电子设备200也可以与一个或多个外部设备300(例如键盘、指向设备、蓝牙设备等)通信，还可与一个或者多个使得用户能与该电子设备200交互的设备通信，和/或与使得该电子设备200能与一个或多个其它计算设备进行通信的任何设备(例如路由器、调制解调器等等)通信。这种通信可以通过输入/输出(I/O)接口250进行。此外，电子设备200还可以通过网络适配器260与一个或者多个网 络(例如局域网(LAN)，广域网(WAN)和/或公共网络，例如因特网)通信。网络适配器260可以通过总线230与电子设备200的其它模块通信。应当明白，尽管图中未示出，可以结合电子设备200使用其它硬件和/或软件模块，包括但不限于：微代码、设备驱动器、冗余处理单元、外部磁盘驱动阵列、RAID***、磁带驱动器以及数据备份存储***等。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员易于理解，这里描述的示例实施方式可以通过软件实现，也可以通过软件结合必要的硬件的方式来实现。根据本申请实施方式的技术方案可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该软件产品可以存储在一个非易失性存储介质(可以是CD-ROM，U盘，移动硬盘等)中或网络上，包括若干指令以使得一台计算设备(可以是个人计算机、服务器、或者网络设备等)执行根据本申请实施方式的上述方法。
软件产品可以采用一个或多个可读介质的任意组合。可读介质可以是可读信号介质或者可读存储介质。可读存储介质例如可以为但不限于电、磁、光、电磁、红外线、或半导体的***、装置或器件，或者任意以上的组合。可读存储介质的更具体的例子(非穷举的列表)包括：具有一个或多个导线的电连接、便携式盘、硬盘、随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、可擦式可编程只读存储器(EPROM或闪存)、光纤、便携式紧凑盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)、光存储器件、磁存储器件、或者上述的任意合适的组合。
计算机可读存储介质可以包括在基带中或者作为载波一部分传播的数据信号，其中承载了可读程序代码。这种传播的数据信号可以采用多种形式，包括但不限于电磁信号、光信号或上述的任意合适的组合。可读存储介质还可以是可读存储介质以外的任何可读介质，该可读介质可以发送、传播或者传输用于由指令执行***、装置或者器件使用或者与其结合使用的程序。可读存储介质上包含的程序代码可以用任何适当的介质传输，包括但不限于无线、有线、光缆、RF等等，或者上述的任意合适的组合。
可以以一种或多种程序设计语言的任意组合来编写用于执行本申请各示例性实施例的操作的程序代码，程序设计语言包括面向对象的程序设计语言—诸如Java、C++等，还包括常规的过程式程序设计语言—诸如“C”语言或类似的程序设计语言。程序代码可以完全地在用户计算设备上执行、部分地在用户设备上执行、作为一个独立的软件包执行、部分在用户计算设备上部分在远程计算设备上执行、 或者完全在远程计算设备或服务器上执行。在涉及远程计算设备的情形中，远程计算设备可以通过任意种类的网络，包括局域网(LAN)或广域网(WAN)，连接到用户计算设备，或者，可以连接到外部计算设备(例如利用因特网服务提供商来通过因特网连接)。
本领域技术人员可以理解上述各模块可以按照实施例的描述分布于装置中，也可以进行相应变化唯一不同于本申请各示例性实施例的一个或多个装置中。上述实施例的模块可以合并为一个模块，也可以进一步拆分成多个子模块。
以上具体地示出和描述了本申请的示例性实施例。应可理解的是，本申请不限于这里描述的详细结构、设置方式或实现方法；相反，本申请意图涵盖包含在所附权利要求的精神和范围内的各种修改和等效设置。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种差动通道的收发延时的一致性的判别方法，用于所述差动通道的主机侧或从机侧，包括：
    计算所述差动通道的通道延时；
    调整所述差动通道两侧的采样数据至同步状态；
    实时计算所述通道延时的变化量，当所述通道延时的所述变化量大于第一阈值时，启动所述通道的收发延时的一致性的判别，以得到所述通道的收发延时的所述一致性的判别结果；以及
    根据所述通道的收发延时的所述一致性的所述判别结果，确定是否闭锁差动保护。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，当所述通道延时的所述变化量大于所述第一阈值时，将第一差动保护启动阈值变更为第二差动保护启动阈值，其中，所述第二差动保护启动阈值大于所述第一差动保护启动阈值。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，
    在所述通道的收发延时的所述一致性的所述判别结果为所述通道的收发延时一致时，经延时确认后，将所述第二差动保护启动阈值变更为所述第一差动保护启动阈值；以及
    在所述通道的收发延时的所述一致性的所述判别结果为所述通道的收发延时不一致时，闭锁差动保护。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述调整所述差动通道的所述两侧的所述采样数据至同步状态的步骤，包括：
    计算出所述通道延时后，根据所述通道延时计算所述主机侧的采样时刻与所述从机侧的采样时刻的误差Δt；以及
    使所述主机侧的所述采样时刻保持不变，并逐步调整所述从机侧的所述采样时刻直到Δt趋于0。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述实时计算所述通道延时的所述变化量，当所述通道延时的所述变化量大于所述第一阈值时，启动所述通道的收发延时的一致性的判别的步骤，包括：
    实时计算当前采样点K的通道延时值T d(K)，并与上一采样点K-1的通道延时值T d(K-1)进行比较，得到所述通道延时的所述变化量ΔT d，所述变化量ΔT d的计算公式如下：
    ΔT d＝abs(T d(K)-T d(K-1))，
    其中，abs表示求绝对值，当所述通道延时的所述变化量ΔT d大于所述第一阈值时，启动所述通道的收发延时的一致性的判别。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述启动所述通道的收发延时的一致性的判别的步骤，包括：
    在投入单通道的情况下，启动单通道模式下的所述通道的收发延时的一致性的判别方法；或
    在投入双通道的情况下，启动双通道模式下的通道收发延时的一致性的判别方法。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，所述单通道模式下的所述通道的收发延时的所述一致性的所述判别方法包括：
    在所述差动通道的所述两侧的保护装置均无起动，同时三相的差动电流I DiffΦ均大于第一门槛定值I Diffset，三相的差动电流变化量ΔI DiffΦ均大于第二门槛定值ΔI Diffset，且三相的制动电流变化量ΔI BiasΦ均小于第三门槛定值ΔI Biasset的情况下，判定所述通道的收发延 时不一致，所述三相的差动电流变化量和所述三相的制动电流变化量计算公式如下：
    Figure PCTCN2022122507-appb-100001
    其中，I DiffΦ(k)，I BiasΦ(k)分别为当前采样时间点的三相的差动电流和三相的制动电流；且I DiffΦ(k-n)，I BiasΦ(k-n)分别为一个周波前的三相的差动电流和三相的制动电流，其中，n为一个周波的采样点数。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，所述双通道模式下的所述通道的收发延时一致性的所述判别方法包括：
    当所述双通道中只有一个通道的通道延时的变化量ΔT d大于所述第一阈值时，选取通道延时的变化量ΔT d小于或等于所述第一阈值的通道为第一通道，另一通道为第二通道，以所述第一通道的所述通道延时为基准，调整所述双通道的两侧的采样数据至同步状态；且
    计算所述第二通道的所述通道延时，所述从机侧根据所述第二通道的所述通道延时计算所述从机侧的采样时刻与所述主机侧采样时刻的误差Δt；
    其中，在所述误差Δt小于所述第二阈值时，判断所述第二通道的收发延时一致；以及
    在所述误差Δt大于或等于所述第二阈值时，则判断所述第二通道的收发延时不一致。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，所述双通道模式下的所述通道的所述收发延时的所述一致性的判别方法还包括：
    当所述双通道中的两个通道的通道延时的变化量ΔT d均大于所述第一阈值时，选取通道延时的变化量较小的通道为第一通道，通道延时的变化量较大的通道为第二通道；以及
    调整所述第一通道的两侧的采样数据至同步状态，再按照所述单通道模式下所述通道的收发延时的一致性的所述判别方法对所述第一通道进行所述通道的收发延时的一致性的判别。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，
    在所述第一通道的判别结果为所述第一通道的所述通道延时一致时，计算所述第二通道的所述通道延时，所述从机侧根据所述第二通道的所述通道延时计算所述从机侧的采样时刻与所述主机侧的采样时刻的误差Δt；
    其中，在所述误差Δt小于所述第二阈值时，判断所述第二通道的收发延时一致；以及
    在所述误差Δt大于或等于所述第二阈值时，判断所述第二通道的收发延时不一致。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，
    在判别出所述第一通道的通道延时不一致，则以所述第二通道的通道延时为基准，调整所述双通道的两侧采样数据至同步状态，再按照所述单通道模式下所述通道的收发延时的一致性的所述判别方法对所述第二通道进行判别。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述计算所述差动通道的所述通道延时的步骤，包括：
    所述从机侧发送第一帧报文到所述主机侧，并且记录下发送时刻t ss，当所述主机侧接收到所述第一帧报文时，记录下接收时刻t mr，并在t ms时刻返回第二帧报文给所述从机侧，同时将时间差(t ms-t mr)作为所述第二帧报文的报文内容发送给所 述从机侧，所述从机侧在t sr时刻收到返回的所述第二帧报文，并从所述第二帧报文中提取出所述时间差(t ms-t mr)，其中，通过如下公式计算得到所述通道延时T d：
    Figure PCTCN2022122507-appb-100002
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中，在所述调整所述差动通道的所述两侧的所述采样数据至同步状态的步骤后，所述方法还包括：
    根据所述两侧的同步后的电流数据，通过如下公式计算得到差动电流和制动电流：
    Figure PCTCN2022122507-appb-100003
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2022122507-appb-100004
    分别为所述主机侧与所述从机侧的Φ相的电流，且I DiffΦ，I BiasΦ分别为所述Φ相的所述差动电流和所述制动电流。
  14. 一种差动通道的收发延时的一致性的判别装置，包括：
    延时计算模块，配置为计算所述差动通道的通道延时；
    同步模块，配置为调整所述差动通道的两侧的采样数据至同步状态；
    延时变化监测模块，配置为实时计算所述通道延时的变化量，其中，当所述通道延时的所述变化量大于第一阈值时，启动所述通道的收发延时的一致性的判别；以及
    判别模块，配置为进行通道收发延时的一致性的判别。
  15. 一种电子设备，包括：
    存储器、处理器以及存储在所述存储器中并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序，其中，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现上述权利要求1至13中任一项所述的方法的步骤。
  16. 一种差动保护通信***，包括如权利要求14所述的装置和/或如权利要求15所述的电子设备。
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