WO2023085620A1 - Vertical-type plant factory using artificial light or natural light - Google Patents

Vertical-type plant factory using artificial light or natural light Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023085620A1
WO2023085620A1 PCT/KR2022/015606 KR2022015606W WO2023085620A1 WO 2023085620 A1 WO2023085620 A1 WO 2023085620A1 KR 2022015606 W KR2022015606 W KR 2022015606W WO 2023085620 A1 WO2023085620 A1 WO 2023085620A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
artificial light
plant factory
sunlight
plants
plant
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PCT/KR2022/015606
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French (fr)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
신서용
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명지대학교 산학협력단
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Publication of WO2023085620A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023085620A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/249—Lighting means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/022—Pots for vertical horticulture
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/08—Devices for filling-up flower-pots or pots for seedlings; Devices for setting plants or seeds in pots
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/08—Devices for filling-up flower-pots or pots for seedlings; Devices for setting plants or seeds in pots
    • A01G9/088—Handling or transferring pots
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/243—Collecting solar energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • H05B47/105—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a plant factory capable of cultivating plants, and more particularly, to a plant factory capable of using artificial light and natural light.
  • a plant factory or smart farm is a science-based technology that uses information and communication technology (ICT) to remotely and automatically observe crop growth environments and optimally manage them without time and space constraints.
  • ICT information and communication technology
  • Plant factories enable optimized production and management, and through such management, the production of agricultural products can be increased. Plant factories are attracting attention as a promising future agricultural model because they can produce safe and clean agricultural products in response to changes in the external environment, such as climate change and soil and water pollution. In addition, since the plant factory can precisely control the environment in which plants can grow, it has the advantage of being easy to grow even plants with difficult cultivation conditions.
  • sunlight which is natural light
  • sunlight can provide visible light of all spectrums
  • plants grown with sunlight have excellent taste and nutrition compared to crops grown only by LED artificial lighting.
  • power supply instead of using only artificial lighting for the entire power used in plant factories, if a part of artificial lighting is replaced by sunlight during the daytime (average 8-10 hours), a considerable amount of You can save power. At this time, since the amount of power that can be saved can be determined according to the number (area) of the concentrators, it is efficient in terms of power reduction.
  • the applicant of the present invention intended to use natural light for plant growth, and devised a vertical vertical plant arrangement structure optimized for plant growth that allows natural light to be evenly irradiated to all plants planted on a cultivation bed.
  • Patent Document 1 Korean Patent Registration No. 10-2167684
  • Patent Document 2 Korean Patent Registration No. 10-2282854
  • the present invention is a plant factory capable of cultivating plants, and aims to improve the taste and nutrition of cultivated plants and to provide a plant factory capable of reducing power consumption.
  • the present invention is a plant factory capable of growing plants vertically using artificial light or natural light, comprising: a vertical vertical cultivation bed in which plants are vertically arranged and cultivated; A plurality of artificial light sources arranged vertically at regular intervals to irradiate artificial light to the plant; and a plurality of solar plates arranged vertically at regular intervals to irradiate the plant with sunlight.
  • the artificial light source or the solar plate is formed at a height corresponding to the longitudinal length of the growth bed so that light can be irradiated from the upper end to the lower end of the growth bed.
  • a plurality of artificial light sources may be disposed at intervals closer than intervals formed by the plurality of solar plates.
  • it may further include a moving rail installed at the top or bottom of the growth bed to move the growth bed in a horizontal direction.
  • it may further include a light intensity control unit for measuring or controlling the intensity of the artificial light source or the solar plate.
  • the luminous intensity control unit controls the intensity of the artificial light source for the solar plate whose luminous intensity changes according to the external weather environment so that a certain amount or more of light is irradiated onto the growth bed.
  • the light intensity control unit may control the intensity of the artificial light source or the solar plate according to the type of plant to be cultivated.
  • a movement control unit for controlling horizontal movement of the growth bed is further included, and the movement control unit can control the movement of the growth bed along the moving rail according to a preset time.
  • the solar plate includes: a connector connected to an optical fiber to introduce the condensed sunlight from the concentrator into the solar plate; an optical film that totally reflects incoming sunlight inside the photovoltaic plate; a diffuser located on one side of the optical film and irradiating total reflected sunlight to the cultivation bed; and a reflector disposed on the other surface of the optical film and reflecting sunlight into the solar plate.
  • the present invention in a stackable container-type plant factory, includes a concentrator for condensing external sunlight and transmitting it to the following solar plate; A vertical vertical cultivation bed in which plants are vertically arranged and cultivated; A plurality of artificial light sources arranged vertically at regular intervals to irradiate artificial light to the plant; And a plurality of vertically arranged at regular intervals, including a solar plate for irradiating sunlight to the plant, it is another feature that the plant can be grown vertically using artificial light or natural light.
  • the present invention provides a vertical plant growth bed, and in particular, by configuring the growth bed to be movable, it is possible to grow plants of a constant size by evenly receiving natural and artificial light throughout the cultivated plant.
  • the present invention minimizes problems that may occur using natural light by controlling the intensity of artificial light with respect to the changing sunlight intensity to irradiate the plant. .
  • the plant factory of the present invention can be manufactured and utilized in a container type. Since container-type plant factories can be stacked up and down, there is an effect of maximizing the advantage of existing plant factories in that a large amount of plants can be grown in a small area.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a plant factory according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of a growth bed according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which the growth bed moves through a moving rail.
  • FIG 3 shows a state in which a concentrator and a solar plate are connected according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a solar plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a plant factory 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the plant factory 1 may grow plants vertically using artificial light or natural light.
  • the plant factory 1 may be formed in the form of a container, and a plurality of plant factories 1 may be stacked vertically. By stacking the plant factory 1 of the present invention, a large amount of plants can be grown in a small area.
  • the plant factory 1 may include a cultivation bed 10, a movement control unit 21, an artificial light source 30, a solar plate 50, a light intensity control unit 70, and a concentrator 90.
  • the cultivation bed 10 may be formed in a vertical vertical shape so that plants can be vertically arranged and cultivated.
  • the cultivation bed 10 may be formed at a height corresponding to the height of the housing of the plant factory 1.
  • the cultivation bed 10 is soil in which plants grow, and may include components that supply nutrients to plants.
  • the growth bed 10 may be spaced apart from the artificial light source 30 or the solar plate 50 by a predetermined distance.
  • the growth bed 10 can horizontally move left and right through the moving rail 20. Since the artificial light source 30 or the solar plate 50 is fixed at a specific location, the light irradiated to the plant in the cultivation bed 10 may vary depending on the planted location. That is, plants located close to the artificial light source 30 receive more artificial light than natural light, and plants located closer to the solar plate 50 may receive more natural light than artificial light. Therefore, as the growth bed 10 moves through the moving rail 20, the plants on the growth bed 10 can be irradiated with both natural light and artificial light without differences depending on their location.
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of the growth bed 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the moving rail 20 is installed inside the (container) plant factory 1, and more specifically, it is installed at the top or bottom of the cultivation bed 10 to move the cultivation bed 10 in the horizontal direction.
  • the moving rail 20 may be installed longer than the area where the growth bed 10 is installed so as to guide the movement of the growth bed 10. 2 shows that the combination of the moving rail 20 and the growth bed 10 is a roller, but if the structure allows the growth bed 10 to move along the moving rail 20, the connection form of both components is now limited. may not be, and may vary.
  • the growth bed 10 and the moving rail 20 may be connected in the form of a roller in which a plurality of gears are engaged, or may be slidable on the moving rail 20.
  • the movement control unit 21 may control the horizontal movement of the cultivation bed 10.
  • the movement controller 21 may control the growth bed 10 to move along the moving rail 20 according to a preset time.
  • the movement controller 21 may be connected to the cultivation bed 10 or the moving rail 20 through wired or wireless communication.
  • the movement time or stop time of the growth bed 10 may vary according to a preset time range. This may be adjusted by the user's settings or the intensity of the artificial light source 30 and the solar plate 50 .
  • the positions of the artificial light source 30 and the solar plate 50 are also fixed, so the type of light to be irradiated may differ depending on the position of the plant planted on the growth bed 10. can Accordingly, by moving the growth bed 10 according to a predetermined time to provide a similar environment to all plants, artificial light from the artificial light source 30 and natural light from the solar plate 50 can be equally irradiated.
  • the artificial light source 30 may be installed at a position spaced apart from the growth bed 10. When the artificial light source 30 is adjacent to the growth bed 10, the heat generated by the artificial light source 30 may interfere with the growth of plants in the growth bed 10, so the artificial light source 30 and the growth bed 10 may be located by forming a certain distance.
  • the artificial light source 30 may cause growth through photosynthesis of plants by radiating light to plants.
  • the artificial light source 30 may be a fluorescent light or LED light, but is not limited thereto.
  • a plurality of artificial light sources 30 are vertically arranged at regular intervals between the artificial light sources 30 to irradiate artificial light to plants.
  • a plurality of artificial light sources 30 may be disposed at intervals closer than those formed by the plurality of solar plates 50 .
  • the artificial light source 30 may be fixed in position without moving.
  • the artificial light source 30 is formed at a height corresponding to the length of the growth bed 10 in the longitudinal direction, and can irradiate light from the top to the bottom of the growth bed 10.
  • the artificial light source 30 may have a pipe shape having a smaller width than the solar plate 50 .
  • the solar plate 50 may be installed at a position spaced apart from the growth bed 10. If the solar plate 50 is adjacent to the growth bed 10, the heat generated by the solar plate 50 may interfere with the growth of plants in the cultivation bed 10, so the solar plate 50 is a growth bed. (10) may be positioned to form a certain distance.
  • a plurality of solar plates 50 are arranged vertically at regular intervals to irradiate sunlight to plants. It is formed at a height corresponding to the length of the growth bed 10 in the longitudinal direction, and sunlight can be irradiated from the top to the bottom of the growth bed 10.
  • the solar plate 50 may be formed with a wider width than the artificial light source 30 .
  • the solar plate 50 may receive sunlight from the concentrator 90 that collects external sunlight through the optical fiber 901 and irradiate the growth bed 10 with sunlight.
  • a connection relationship between the solar plate 50 and the concentrator 90 will be described later in detail with reference to FIG. 3 .
  • the light intensity controller 70 may measure or control the intensity of the artificial light source 30 or the solar plate 50 .
  • the light intensity control unit 70 may measure the intensity of the artificial light source 30 or the solar plate 50, and may control it when the intensity of natural light or artificial light does not reach a predetermined predetermined amount or the intensity is strong. there is.
  • the luminous intensity control unit 70 may control the intensity of the artificial light source 30 with respect to the solar plate 50 whose luminous intensity changes according to an external weather environment. Since the solar plate 50 receives sunlight condensed from the concentrator 90 and irradiates it, the amount of condensed sunlight may not be constant depending on the external weather environment. Therefore, the light intensity controller 70 can control the intensity of the artificial light source 30, which is relatively easy to control, so that a certain amount or more of light is irradiated to the growth bed 10.
  • the light intensity controller 70 may control the intensity of the artificial light source 30 or the solar plate 50 according to the type of plant to be cultivated. Depending on the type of plant, the time required for growth, the intensity of light, or the maximum absorption wavelength are different. For example, apples, pears, and peaches have a high growth effect in the visible ray wavelength range of 550 nm to 600 nm, and cucumbers and peppers have a high growth effect in the visible ray wavelength range of 420 nm to 520 nm. On the other hand, since the growth change pattern varies depending on the plant, and the required maximum absorption wavelength is different depending on the growth stage, cultivation can be performed in consideration of these characteristics through the light intensity controller 70.
  • a plurality of light concentrators 90 may be arranged at regular intervals in the direction of the sun.
  • the container-type plant factory (1) since the container must be able to be loaded due to the inherent characteristics of the container, as shown in FIG. there is.
  • the concentrator 90 is formed in a parabolic reflector structure to collect external sunlight.
  • Each concentrator 90 may be connected to a bundle of optical fibers 901 for light mining.
  • the collected sunlight may be introduced into the container through the optical fiber 901 and transmitted to the solar plate 50 by being connected to the connector 501 of the solar plate 50 . Since sunlight collected through the concentrator 90 is used for plant cultivation, power can be saved compared to the case of using only artificial light, and the amount of power saved can vary depending on the number (area) of the concentrators 90.
  • the concentrator 90 may include a sun tracking sensor, and may collect sunlight while rotating according to the movement of the sun.
  • the concentrator 90 and the solar plate 50 may be connected through an optical fiber 901 for lighting.
  • the concentrator 90 may collect sunlight in a parabolic reflector structure, and the concentrated sunlight may be introduced into the plant factory 1 through a bundle of optical fibers 901 and transmitted to the solar plate 50.
  • a connector 510 that can be connected to each strand of the optical fiber 901 is formed on the side of the solar plate 50, and the solar plate 50 can receive the optical fiber 901 through the connector 510.
  • the enlarged portion is the connector 510 of the solar plate 50 to which the optical fiber 901 is connected.
  • Connectors 510 on both sides may be formed as many as the number of optical fibers 901 connected to the concentrator 90 and coupled to each optical fiber 901 one-to-one.
  • the concentrator 90 the connection portion connecting the housing of the container type plant factory 1 and the parabolic reflector is bent.
  • This is in consideration of both the feature that the plant factory 1 of the present invention is stacked in a container type and the functional feature of the concentrator 90 that collects sunlight, and when the plant factory 1 is stacked up and down, It is a structure designed to minimize structural limitations and at the same time prevent functional problems from occurring when the parabolic mirror faces the sun. Therefore, the concentrator 90 of the present invention is not located on the roof surface of the container-type plant factory 1 as described above, but is installed on the wall or between the wall and the roof, but is exposed to the outside and can be bent upward. there is.
  • FIG 4 is a configuration diagram of a solar plate 50 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the solar plate 50 may include a connector 501 , an upper frame 502 , an optical film 503 , a diffuser 505 , a reflector 507 , and a lower frame 508 .
  • the connector 501 may be connected to the optical fiber 901 to introduce sunlight collected from the concentrator 90 into the solar plate 50 .
  • a plurality of connectors 501 may be formed on both sides of the solar plate 50, respectively.
  • the side of the solar plate 50 may be protected by an edge frame, and at this time, the connector 501 may be formed and fixed to the edge frame.
  • the optical film 503 may perform Total Internal Reflection (TIR) of incoming sunlight inside the solar plate 50 . Since the edge frames provided on the four sides of the solar plate 50 do not allow light to pass through, the total reflected sunlight may be trapped inside the solar plate 50 . In addition, since the connector 501 can be formed from the top to the bottom of the side of the solar plate 50, sunlight entering the solar plate 50 can be dispersed from the time of entry.
  • TIR Total Internal Reflection
  • a diffuser 505 is positioned on one surface of the optical film 503 to irradiate the growth bed 10 with total reflected sunlight. More specifically, the diffuser 505 may be positioned in a direction toward the growth bed 10 to uniformly discharge sunlight to the growth bed 10 .
  • the reflector 507 may be positioned on the other side of the optical film 503, and consequently may be positioned opposite the diffuser 505.
  • the reflector 507 may reflect only the inside of the solar plate 50 without emitting sunlight to the outside of the solar plate 50 . Accordingly, sunlight totally reflected inside the solar plate 50 may be output only to a surface opposite to the surface where the reflector 507 is located (toward the diffuser 505).
  • the solar plate 50 may be externally protected and fixed through the upper frame 502 , the lower frame 508 , and the edge frame.
  • Plant factory (container type plant factory)

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  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a plant factory in which plants can be cultivated vertically by using artificial light or natural light, the plant factory comprising: a vertical-type culture bed on which plants are arranged in the longitudinal direction and cultivated; a plurality of artificial light sources which are arranged vertically at certain intervals and irradiate artificial light toward the plants; and a plurality of solar plates which are arranged vertically at certain intervals and radiate sunlight toward the plants, and thus, power consumption can be reduced and the quality of the plants can be improved.

Description

인공광 또는 자연광을 이용한 수직형 식물공장Vertical plant factory using artificial or natural light
본 발명은 식물을 재배할 수 있는 식물공장에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 인공광과 자연광을 이용할 수 있는 식물공장에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a plant factory capable of cultivating plants, and more particularly, to a plant factory capable of using artificial light and natural light.
식물공장 또는 스마트 팜(smart farm)은 정보통신기술(ICT)을 활용해 '시간과 공간의 제약없이' 원격으로, 자동으로 작물의 생육환경을 관측하고 최적의 상태로 관리할 수 있는 과학 기반의 농업방식을 의미한다. 식물공장은 최적화된 생산·관리가 가능하고, 이러한 관리를 통해 농산물의 생산량을 증가시킬 수 있다. 식물공장은 기후 변화, 토양·수질 오염 등 외부 환경 변화에 대응하여 안전하고 깨끗한 농산물을 생산할 수 있어 유망있는 미래 농업모델로 주목받고 있다. 또한, 식물공장은 식물이 생장할 수 있는 환경을 정밀하게 제어할 수 있기때문에 재배조건이 까다로운 식물도 재배가 용이한 장점이 있다. A plant factory or smart farm is a science-based technology that uses information and communication technology (ICT) to remotely and automatically observe crop growth environments and optimally manage them without time and space constraints. means farming. Plant factories enable optimized production and management, and through such management, the production of agricultural products can be increased. Plant factories are attracting attention as a promising future agricultural model because they can produce safe and clean agricultural products in response to changes in the external environment, such as climate change and soil and water pollution. In addition, since the plant factory can precisely control the environment in which plants can grow, it has the advantage of being easy to grow even plants with difficult cultivation conditions.
특히 최근 건강에 대한 관심이 증가하면서 환경오염으로부터 오염되지 않은 건강한 먹거리에 대한 수요가 증가하고 있다. 이에 생산 측면에서도 외부 환경의 영향을 받지 않고 고품질의 작물을 안정적으로 생산할 수 있는 식물공장을 국내외에서 주목하고 있다. 일본을 비롯한 유럽, 미국, 중국 등에서는 식물공장에 대한 민·관 투자를 증가하여 상용화할 수 있는 기반을 구축하였으며, 일부는 상용화 단계에 이르렀다. 우리나라 또한 식물공장을 운영 중이나, 현재는 대부분 연구기관과 기자재 생산 기업의 연구용 목적이 큰 규모를 차지하고 있다. In particular, as interest in health has recently increased, demand for healthy food that is not contaminated by environmental pollution is increasing. Accordingly, in terms of production, domestic and foreign attention is focused on plant factories that can stably produce high-quality crops without being affected by the external environment. Japan, Europe, the United States, China, etc. have increased public and private investment in plant factories to build a foundation for commercialization, and some have reached the commercialization stage. Korea also operates plant factories, but currently, most of them are for research purposes by research institutes and equipment manufacturing companies.
기존의 식물공장은 인공 광원을 이용하여 식물을 재배한다. 그러나 이는 두 가지 문제를 갖는다. 첫째, 인공 광원과 같은 인공광은 파장의 범위가 제한된다(주로 적색, 청색 범위)는 한계를 가지며, 둘째, 인공 광원만을 이용하여 식물공장을 운영하는 경우, 전력소모가 매우 크다는 점이다.Existing plant factories grow plants using artificial light sources. However, this has two problems. First, artificial light such as an artificial light source has a limited range of wavelengths (mainly red and blue ranges), and second, when operating a plant factory using only an artificial light source, power consumption is very high.
이에, 보다 넓은 범위의 파장을 식물에 조사하여 재배하고자 하며, 식물공장이 소모하는 전력을 감소하기 위해 자연광인 태양광을 이용하는 방법이 고려되고 있다. 보다 상세하게, 자연광인 태양광은 모든 스펙트럼의 가시광선을 제공할 수 있는데, 태양광으로 재배된 식물은 LED 인공조명에 의해서만 생장되는 작물에 비하여 그 맛과 영양이 뛰어나다. 또한, 전력 공급 측면에서도 식물공장에서 사용되는 전력 전체를 인공조명만을 이용하는 대신, 해가 떠있는 낮 시간 동안(평균 8~10시간) 태양광을 이용하여 인공조명의 일부분을 대체할 경우, 상당량의 전력을 절약할 수 있다. 이때 절감할 수 있는 전력량은 집광 장치의 개수(면적)에 따라 결정될 수 있으므로 전력 감축 측면에서 효율적이다. Accordingly, it is intended to cultivate plants by irradiating a wider range of wavelengths, and a method of using sunlight, which is natural light, is being considered in order to reduce the power consumed by the plant factory. More specifically, sunlight, which is natural light, can provide visible light of all spectrums, and plants grown with sunlight have excellent taste and nutrition compared to crops grown only by LED artificial lighting. In addition, in terms of power supply, instead of using only artificial lighting for the entire power used in plant factories, if a part of artificial lighting is replaced by sunlight during the daytime (average 8-10 hours), a considerable amount of You can save power. At this time, since the amount of power that can be saved can be determined according to the number (area) of the concentrators, it is efficient in terms of power reduction.
그러나, 이렇게 태양광을 이용하는 방법은 기존 식물공장 구조에 그대로 적용되기에 구조적인 문제가 발생한다. 기존 식물공장은 수평의 재배베드가 복수 개의 단으로 상하 배치되도록 구성된다. 다단식 수평 재배베드와 함께 인공 광원 또한 수평 다단식으로 배치되며, 인공 광원은 수평 재배베드와 일정 거리를 이루며 재배베드 내 식물에 LED를 조사시킴으로써 식물의 생장을 유도한다. 이러한 수평 다단식 식물공장은 식물들이 층층이 수평으로 배치되므로 태양광을 재배 식물 전체에 골고루 제공할 수 없다는 문제를 갖는다.However, since this method of using sunlight is applied to the existing plant factory structure as it is, a structural problem arises. Existing plant factories are configured so that horizontal cultivation beds are arranged up and down in a plurality of stages. Along with the multi-level horizontal growth bed, artificial light sources are also arranged in a horizontal multi-level manner, and the artificial light source forms a certain distance from the horizontal growth bed and induces plant growth by irradiating LEDs to the plants in the growth bed. Such a horizontal multi-stage plant factory has a problem in that sunlight cannot be provided evenly to all cultivated plants because the plants are arranged horizontally in layers.
이에 본 발명의 출원인은 식물 생장에 자연광을 이용하고자 하였으며, 재배베드에 심어진 식물 전체에 자연광이 고루 조사될 수 있도록 하는 식물 생장에 최적화된 세로수직형 식물 배치 구조를 고안하였다.Accordingly, the applicant of the present invention intended to use natural light for plant growth, and devised a vertical vertical plant arrangement structure optimized for plant growth that allows natural light to be evenly irradiated to all plants planted on a cultivation bed.
[선행기술문헌][Prior art literature]
[특허문헌][Patent Literature]
특허문헌1: 한국등록특허 제10-2167684호Patent Document 1: Korean Patent Registration No. 10-2167684
특허문헌2: 한국등록특허 제10-2282854호Patent Document 2: Korean Patent Registration No. 10-2282854
본 발명은 식물 재배가 가능한 식물공장으로서, 재배되는 식물의 맛과 영양을 향상시키고자 하며, 전력소비를 절감할 수 있는 식물공장을 제공하고자 한다.The present invention is a plant factory capable of cultivating plants, and aims to improve the taste and nutrition of cultivated plants and to provide a plant factory capable of reducing power consumption.
본 발명이 해결하려는 과제들은 앞에서 언급한 과제들로 제한되지 않는다. 본 발명의 다른 과제 및 장점들은 아래 설명에 의해 더욱 분명하게 이해될 것이다.The problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the problems mentioned above. Other problems and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood from the description below.
상기 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명은, 인공광 또는 자연광을 이용하여 수직으로 식물재배가 가능한 식물공장에 있어서, 식물이 세로로 배치되어 재배되는 세로수직형 재배베드; 일정 간격을 형성하며 수직으로 복수 개 배치되어 상기 식물에 인공광을 조사하는 인공 광원; 및 일정 간격을 형성하며 수직으로 복수 개 배치되어 상기 식물에 태양광을 조사하는 태양광 플레이트를 포함하는 것을 일 특징으로 한다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a plant factory capable of growing plants vertically using artificial light or natural light, comprising: a vertical vertical cultivation bed in which plants are vertically arranged and cultivated; A plurality of artificial light sources arranged vertically at regular intervals to irradiate artificial light to the plant; and a plurality of solar plates arranged vertically at regular intervals to irradiate the plant with sunlight.
바람직하게, 상기 인공 광원 또는 상기 태양광 플레이트는, 상기 재배베드의 종 방향 길이에 대응하는 높이로 형성되어 상기 재배베드의 상단부터 하단까지 빛을 조사할 수 있다.Preferably, the artificial light source or the solar plate is formed at a height corresponding to the longitudinal length of the growth bed so that light can be irradiated from the upper end to the lower end of the growth bed.
바람직하게, 상기 인공 광원은, 복수 개의 상기 태양광 플레이트가 형성하는 간격보다 조밀한 간격으로 복수 개 배치될 수 있다.Preferably, a plurality of artificial light sources may be disposed at intervals closer than intervals formed by the plurality of solar plates.
바람직하게, 상기 재배베드의 상단 또는 하단에 설치되어 상기 재배베드를 수평 방향 이동시키는 무빙 레일을 더 포함할 수 있다.Preferably, it may further include a moving rail installed at the top or bottom of the growth bed to move the growth bed in a horizontal direction.
바람직하게, 상기 인공 광원 또는 상기 태양광 플레이트의 세기를 측정 또는 제어하는 광도 제어부를 더 포함할 수 있다.Preferably, it may further include a light intensity control unit for measuring or controlling the intensity of the artificial light source or the solar plate.
바람직하게, 상기 광도 제어부는, 외부 기상 환경에 따라 광도가 변하는 상기 태양광 플레이트에 대해 상기 인공 광원의 세기를 제어하여 일정량 이상의 빛이 상기 재배베드에 조사되도록 할 수 있다.Preferably, the luminous intensity control unit controls the intensity of the artificial light source for the solar plate whose luminous intensity changes according to the external weather environment so that a certain amount or more of light is irradiated onto the growth bed.
바람직하게, 상기 광도 제어부는, 재배되는 식물의 종류에 따라 상기 인공 광원 또는 상기 태양광 플레이트의 세기를 제어할 수 있다.Preferably, the light intensity control unit may control the intensity of the artificial light source or the solar plate according to the type of plant to be cultivated.
바람직하게, 상기 재배베드의 수평 이동을 제어하는 이동 제어부를 더 포함하며, 상기 이동 제어부는, 기설정된 시간에 따라 상기 재배베드가 상기 무빙 레일을 따라 이동하도록 제어할 수 있다.Preferably, a movement control unit for controlling horizontal movement of the growth bed is further included, and the movement control unit can control the movement of the growth bed along the moving rail according to a preset time.
바람직하게, 외부의 태양광을 집광하는 집광기를 더 포함하며, 상기 태양광 플레이트는, 광섬유와 연결하여 상기 집광기로부터 집광된 태양광을 상기 태양광 플레이트 내부로 인입시키는 커넥터; 인입된 태양광을 상기 태양광 플레이트 내부에서 전반사시키는 광학필름; 상기 광학필름의 일면에 위치하며, 전반사된 태양광을 상기 재배베드로 조사시키는 확산기(diffuser); 및 상기 광학필름의 타면에 위치하며, 태양광을 상기 태양광 플레이트 내부로 반사시키는 반사판을 포함할 수 있다.Preferably, it further includes a concentrator for concentrating external sunlight, and the solar plate includes: a connector connected to an optical fiber to introduce the condensed sunlight from the concentrator into the solar plate; an optical film that totally reflects incoming sunlight inside the photovoltaic plate; a diffuser located on one side of the optical film and irradiating total reflected sunlight to the cultivation bed; and a reflector disposed on the other surface of the optical film and reflecting sunlight into the solar plate.
상기 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명은, 적층 가능한 컨테이너형 식물공장에 있어서, 외부의 태양광을 집광하여 하기 태양광 플레이트로 전달하는 집광기; 식물이 세로로 배치되어 재배되는 세로수직형 재배베드; 일정 간격을 형성하며 수직으로 복수 개 배치되어 상기 식물에 인공광을 조사하는 인공 광원; 및 일정 간격을 형성하며 수직으로 복수 개 배치되어 상기 식물에 태양광을 조사하는 태양광 플레이트를 포함하여, 인공광 또는 자연광을 이용하여 수직으로 식물재배가 가능한 것을 다른 특징으로 한다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, in a stackable container-type plant factory, includes a concentrator for condensing external sunlight and transmitting it to the following solar plate; A vertical vertical cultivation bed in which plants are vertically arranged and cultivated; A plurality of artificial light sources arranged vertically at regular intervals to irradiate artificial light to the plant; And a plurality of vertically arranged at regular intervals, including a solar plate for irradiating sunlight to the plant, it is another feature that the plant can be grown vertically using artificial light or natural light.
본 발명에 따르면, 식물 재배에 있어서 가시광선 전체 스펙트럼을 가진 자연광인 태양광을 이용함으로써, 맛과 영양이 향상된 식물 재배가 가능하며, 인공광만을 이용하는 경우보다 식물재배 시 소모되는 전력을 절감할 수 있는 효과를 갖는다. According to the present invention, in plant cultivation, by using sunlight, which is natural light with the entire spectrum of visible light, it is possible to grow plants with improved taste and nutrition, and to reduce power consumption during plant cultivation compared to the case of using only artificial light have an effect
본 발명은 세로수직형의 식물 재배베드를 제공하고, 특히 재배베드가 이동할 수 있도록 구성함으로써 재배되는 식물 전체가 자연광과 인공광을 고르게 받도록 하여 크기가 일정한 식물 재배가 가능하다. The present invention provides a vertical plant growth bed, and in particular, by configuring the growth bed to be movable, it is possible to grow plants of a constant size by evenly receiving natural and artificial light throughout the cultivated plant.
또한, 본 발명은 기후 변화에 따라 태양광 집광량이 일정하지 않다는 점을 감안하여, 변하는 태양광 세기에 대해 인공광의 세기를 제어하여 식물에 조사함으로써 자연광을 이용하여 발생될 수 있는 문제를 최소화하였다.In addition, in view of the fact that the amount of sunlight condensed is not constant according to climate change, the present invention minimizes problems that may occur using natural light by controlling the intensity of artificial light with respect to the changing sunlight intensity to irradiate the plant. .
한편, 본 발명의 식물공장은 컨테이너형으로 제작 및 활용가능하다. 컨테이너형 식물공장은 상하 적층이 가능하므로, 좁은 면적에서 많은 양의 식물을 재배할 수 있다는 기존 식물공장의 장점을 극대화시킬 수 있는 효과가 있다. On the other hand, the plant factory of the present invention can be manufactured and utilized in a container type. Since container-type plant factories can be stacked up and down, there is an effect of maximizing the advantage of existing plant factories in that a large amount of plants can be grown in a small area.
도 1은 본 발명의 실시 예에 따른 식물공장을 나타낸 개략도이다.1 is a schematic diagram showing a plant factory according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 2는 본 발명의 실시 예에 따른 재배베드의 정면도로, 재배베드가 무빙 레일을 통해 이동하는 모습을 나타낸다.2 is a front view of a growth bed according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which the growth bed moves through a moving rail.
도 3은 본 발명의 실시 예에 따른 집광기와 태양광 플레이트가 연결된 모습을 나타낸다.3 shows a state in which a concentrator and a solar plate are connected according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 4는 본 발명의 실시 예에 따른 태양광 플레이트의 구성도이다.4 is a configuration diagram of a solar plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
이하, 첨부된 도면들에 기재된 내용들을 참조하여 본 발명을 상세히 설명한다. 다만, 본 발명이 예시적 실시 예들에 의해 제한되거나 한정되는 것은 아니다. 각 도면에 제시된 동일 참조부호는 실질적으로 동일한 기능을 수행하는 부재를 나타낸다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the contents described in the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited or limited by exemplary embodiments. The same reference numerals in each figure indicate members performing substantially the same function.
본 발명의 목적 및 효과는 하기의 설명에 의해서 자연스럽게 이해되거나 보다 분명해질 수 있으며, 하기의 기재만으로 본 발명의 목적 및 효과가 제한되는 것은 아니다. 또한, 본 발명을 설명함에 있어서 본 발명과 관련된 공지 기술에 대한 구체적인 설명이, 본 발명의 요지를 불필요하게 흐릴 수 있다고 판단되는 경우에는 그 상세한 설명을 생략하기로 한다.The objects and effects of the present invention can be naturally understood or more clearly understood by the following description, and the objects and effects of the present invention are not limited only by the following description. In addition, in describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a known technology related to the present invention may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted.
도 1은 본 발명의 실시 예에 따른 식물공장(1)을 나타낸 개략도이다.1 is a schematic diagram showing a plant factory 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
식물공장(1)은 인공광 또는 자연광을 이용하여 수직으로 식물을 재배할 수 있다. 식물공장(1)은 컨테이너 형태로 형성될 수 있으며, 복수 개의 식물공장(1)은 상하로 적층될 수 있다. 본 발명의 식물공장(1)이 적층됨으로써 좁은 면적에서 많은 양의 식물이 재배될 수 있다. The plant factory 1 may grow plants vertically using artificial light or natural light. The plant factory 1 may be formed in the form of a container, and a plurality of plant factories 1 may be stacked vertically. By stacking the plant factory 1 of the present invention, a large amount of plants can be grown in a small area.
식물공장(1)은 재배베드(10), 이동 제어부(21), 인공 광원(30), 태양광 플레이트(50), 광도 제어부(70) 및 집광기(90)를 포함할 수 있다.The plant factory 1 may include a cultivation bed 10, a movement control unit 21, an artificial light source 30, a solar plate 50, a light intensity control unit 70, and a concentrator 90.
재배베드(10)는 식물이 세로로 배치되어 재배될 수 있도록 세로수직형으로 형성될 수 있다. 재배베드(10)는 식물공장(1)의 하우징의 높이에 상응하는 높이로 형성될 수 있다. 재배베드(10)는 식물이 생장하는 토양으로서, 식물에 영양분을 공급하는 성분을 포함할 수 있다. 재배베드(10)는 인공 광원(30) 또는 태양광 플레이트(50)와 일정 거리만큼 이격되어 위치할 수 있다. The cultivation bed 10 may be formed in a vertical vertical shape so that plants can be vertically arranged and cultivated. The cultivation bed 10 may be formed at a height corresponding to the height of the housing of the plant factory 1. The cultivation bed 10 is soil in which plants grow, and may include components that supply nutrients to plants. The growth bed 10 may be spaced apart from the artificial light source 30 or the solar plate 50 by a predetermined distance.
재배베드(10)는 무빙 레일(20)을 통해 좌우 수평 이동할 수 있다. 인공 광원(30) 또는 태양광 플레이트(50)는 특정 위치에 고정되므로, 재배베드(10)의 식물은 심어진 위치에 따라 조사받는 빛이 상이할 수 있다. 즉, 인공 광원(30)에 가깝게 위치한 식물은 인공광을 자연광보다 많이 조사받으며, 태양광 플레이트(50)에 가깝게 위치한 식물은 자연광을 인공광보다 많이 조사받을 수 있다. 따라서, 무빙 레일(20)을 통해 재배베드(10)가 이동함으로써 재배베드(10)의 식물은 위치에 따른 차이 없이 자연광과 인공광을 모두 조사받을 수 있다.The growth bed 10 can horizontally move left and right through the moving rail 20. Since the artificial light source 30 or the solar plate 50 is fixed at a specific location, the light irradiated to the plant in the cultivation bed 10 may vary depending on the planted location. That is, plants located close to the artificial light source 30 receive more artificial light than natural light, and plants located closer to the solar plate 50 may receive more natural light than artificial light. Therefore, as the growth bed 10 moves through the moving rail 20, the plants on the growth bed 10 can be irradiated with both natural light and artificial light without differences depending on their location.
도 2는 본 발명의 실시 예에 따른 재배베드(10)의 정면도서, 도 2를 참고하면 재배베드(10)가 무빙 레일(20)을 통해 이동하는 모습을 확인할 수 있디. 무빙 레일(20)은 (컨테이너) 식물공장(1) 내부에 설치되며, 보다 상세하게 재배베드(10)의 상단 또는 하단에 설치되어 재배베드(10)를 수평 방향 이동시킬 수 있다. 무빙 레일(20)은 재배베드(10)의 이동을 가이드할 수 있도록 재배베드(10)가 설치된 영역보다 길게 설치될 수 있다. 도 2에서는 무빙 레일(20)과 재배베드(10)의 결합 형태가 롤러인 것으로 도시하였으나, 무빙 레일(20)을 따라 재배베드(10)가 이동할 수 있는 구조라면 양 구성의 연결 형태는 이제 제한되지 않고 다양할 수 있다. 예시적으로 재배베드(10)와 무빙 레일(20)은 복수 개의 기어가 치합되는 롤러 형태로 연결되거나 또는 무빙 레일(20)에 슬라이딩 가능한 형태일 수 있다. 2 is a front view of the growth bed 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2, it can be seen that the growth bed 10 moves through the moving rail 20. The moving rail 20 is installed inside the (container) plant factory 1, and more specifically, it is installed at the top or bottom of the cultivation bed 10 to move the cultivation bed 10 in the horizontal direction. The moving rail 20 may be installed longer than the area where the growth bed 10 is installed so as to guide the movement of the growth bed 10. 2 shows that the combination of the moving rail 20 and the growth bed 10 is a roller, but if the structure allows the growth bed 10 to move along the moving rail 20, the connection form of both components is now limited. may not be, and may vary. Illustratively, the growth bed 10 and the moving rail 20 may be connected in the form of a roller in which a plurality of gears are engaged, or may be slidable on the moving rail 20.
이동 제어부(21)는 재배베드(10)의 수평 이동을 제어할 수 있다. 이동 제어부(21)는 기설정된 시간에 따라 재배베드(10)가 무빙 레일(20)을 따라 이동하도록 제어할 수 있다. 이동 제어부(21)는 재배베드(10) 또는 무빙 레일(20)과 유무선 통신으로 연결될 수 있다. 재배베드(10)의 이동 시간 또는 정지 시간은 기설정된 시간 범위에 따라 달라질 수 있다. 이는 사용자의 설정 또는 인공 광원(30) 및 태양광 플레이트(50)의 세기에 의해 조절될 수 있다.The movement control unit 21 may control the horizontal movement of the cultivation bed 10. The movement controller 21 may control the growth bed 10 to move along the moving rail 20 according to a preset time. The movement controller 21 may be connected to the cultivation bed 10 or the moving rail 20 through wired or wireless communication. The movement time or stop time of the growth bed 10 may vary according to a preset time range. This may be adjusted by the user's settings or the intensity of the artificial light source 30 and the solar plate 50 .
재배베드(10)의 위치가 고정된 상태에서는 인공 광원(30) 및 태양광 플레이트(50)의 위치도 고정되므로, 재배베드(10)에 심어진 식물의 위치에 따라 조사받는 빛의 종류가 상이할 수 있다. 이에 전체 식물에 유사한 환경을 제공하기 위해 일정 시간에 따라 재배베드(10)를 이동시킴으로써 인공 광원(30)에 의한 인공광과 태양광 플레이트(50)에 의한 자연광을 고루 조사받도록 할 수 있다.When the position of the growth bed 10 is fixed, the positions of the artificial light source 30 and the solar plate 50 are also fixed, so the type of light to be irradiated may differ depending on the position of the plant planted on the growth bed 10. can Accordingly, by moving the growth bed 10 according to a predetermined time to provide a similar environment to all plants, artificial light from the artificial light source 30 and natural light from the solar plate 50 can be equally irradiated.
인공 광원(30)은 재배베드(10)와 이격된 위치에 설치될 수 있다. 인공 광원(30)이 재배베드(10)와 근접한 경우, 인공 광원(30)에서 생성되는 열에 의해 재배베드(10)의 식물 생장에 방해가 될 수 있으므로 인공 광원(30)과 재배베드(10)는 일정 거리를 형성하여 위치할 수 있다. The artificial light source 30 may be installed at a position spaced apart from the growth bed 10. When the artificial light source 30 is adjacent to the growth bed 10, the heat generated by the artificial light source 30 may interfere with the growth of plants in the growth bed 10, so the artificial light source 30 and the growth bed 10 may be located by forming a certain distance.
인공 광원(30)은 식물에 빛을 조사하여 식물의 광합성을 통한 생장을 일으킬 수 있다. 인공 광원(30)은 형광등 또는 LED 조명 등일 수 있으나, 이에 한정되지는 않는다.The artificial light source 30 may cause growth through photosynthesis of plants by radiating light to plants. The artificial light source 30 may be a fluorescent light or LED light, but is not limited thereto.
인공 광원(30)은 인공 광원(30) 사이로 일정 간격을 형성하며 수직으로 복수 개 배치되어 식물에 인공광을 조사할 수 있다. 인공 광원(30)은 복수 개의 태양광 플레이트(50)가 형성하는 간격보다 조밀한 간격으로 복수 개 배치될 수 있다. 수평 이동 가능한 재배베드(10)와 달리, 인공 광원(30)은 이동하지 않고 위치가 고정될 수 있다.A plurality of artificial light sources 30 are vertically arranged at regular intervals between the artificial light sources 30 to irradiate artificial light to plants. A plurality of artificial light sources 30 may be disposed at intervals closer than those formed by the plurality of solar plates 50 . Unlike the horizontally movable growth bed 10, the artificial light source 30 may be fixed in position without moving.
인공 광원(30)은 재배베드(10)의 종 방향 길이에 대응하는 높이로 형성되어 재배베드(10)의 상단부터 하단까지 빛을 조사할 수 있다. 인공 광원(30)은 태양광 플레이트(50)보다 얇은 폭의 파이프 형태일 수 있다.The artificial light source 30 is formed at a height corresponding to the length of the growth bed 10 in the longitudinal direction, and can irradiate light from the top to the bottom of the growth bed 10. The artificial light source 30 may have a pipe shape having a smaller width than the solar plate 50 .
태양광 플레이트(50)는 재배베드(10)와 이격된 위치에 설치될 수 있다. 태양광 플레이트(50)가 재배베드(10)와 근접한 경우, 태양광 플레이트(50)에서 생성되는 열에 의해 재배베드(10)의 식물 생장에 방해가 될 수 있으므로 태양광 플레이트(50)는 재배베드(10)는 일정 거리를 형성하여 위치할 수 있다. The solar plate 50 may be installed at a position spaced apart from the growth bed 10. If the solar plate 50 is adjacent to the growth bed 10, the heat generated by the solar plate 50 may interfere with the growth of plants in the cultivation bed 10, so the solar plate 50 is a growth bed. (10) may be positioned to form a certain distance.
태양광 플레이트(50)는 일정 간격을 형성하며 수직으로 복수 개 배치되어 식물에 태양광을 조사할 수 있다. 재배베드(10)의 종 방향 길이에 대응하는 높이로 형성되어 재배베드(10)의 상단부터 하단까지 태양광을 조사할 수 있다. 태양광 플레이트(50)는 인공 광원(30)보다 넓은 폭으로 형성될 수 있다.A plurality of solar plates 50 are arranged vertically at regular intervals to irradiate sunlight to plants. It is formed at a height corresponding to the length of the growth bed 10 in the longitudinal direction, and sunlight can be irradiated from the top to the bottom of the growth bed 10. The solar plate 50 may be formed with a wider width than the artificial light source 30 .
태양광 플레이트(50)는 외부의 태양광을 집광하는 집광기(90)로부터 광섬유(901)를 통해 태양광을 전달받아 재배베드(10)에 태양광을 조사할 수 있다. 태양광 플레이트(50)와 집광기(90)의 연결 관계는 이하 도 3에서 자세히 후술한다. The solar plate 50 may receive sunlight from the concentrator 90 that collects external sunlight through the optical fiber 901 and irradiate the growth bed 10 with sunlight. A connection relationship between the solar plate 50 and the concentrator 90 will be described later in detail with reference to FIG. 3 .
광도 제어부(70)는 인공 광원(30) 또는 태양광 플레이트(50)의 세기를 측정 또는 제어할 수 있다. 광도 제어부(70)는 인공 광원(30) 또는 태양광 플레이트(50)의 세기를 측정할 수 있으며, 자연광 또는 인공광이 기설정된 일정량의 세기에 미치지 못하거나, 또는 세기가 강한 경우에는 이를 제어할 수 있다.The light intensity controller 70 may measure or control the intensity of the artificial light source 30 or the solar plate 50 . The light intensity control unit 70 may measure the intensity of the artificial light source 30 or the solar plate 50, and may control it when the intensity of natural light or artificial light does not reach a predetermined predetermined amount or the intensity is strong. there is.
광도 제어부(70)는 외부 기상 환경에 따라 광도가 변하는 태양광 플레이트(50)에 대해 인공 광원(30)의 세기를 제어할 수 있다. 태양광 플레이트(50)는 집광기(90)로부터 집광되는 태양광을 전달받아 조사하므로, 외부 기상환경에 따라 집광되는 태양광의 양이 일정하지 않을 수 있다. 따라서, 광도 제어부(70)는 일정량 이상의 빛이 재배베드(10)에 조사되도록 비교적 제어가 용이한 인공 광원(30)의 세기를 제어할 수 있다.The luminous intensity control unit 70 may control the intensity of the artificial light source 30 with respect to the solar plate 50 whose luminous intensity changes according to an external weather environment. Since the solar plate 50 receives sunlight condensed from the concentrator 90 and irradiates it, the amount of condensed sunlight may not be constant depending on the external weather environment. Therefore, the light intensity controller 70 can control the intensity of the artificial light source 30, which is relatively easy to control, so that a certain amount or more of light is irradiated to the growth bed 10.
광도 제어부(70)는 재배되는 식물의 종류에 따라 인공 광원(30) 또는 태양광 플레이트(50)의 세기를 제어할 수 있다. 식물의 종류에 따라 생장에 요구되는 빛에 노출되는 시간, 빛의 세기 또는 최대 흡수 파장이 상이하다. 예를 들어, 사과, 배, 복숭아는 550㎚~600㎚ 범위의 가시광선 파장대에서 생장 효과가 크고, 오이나 고추는 420㎚~520㎚ 범위의 가시광선 파장대에서 생장 효과가 크다. 한편, 식물에 따라 생장 변화 패턴이 다양하며, 생장 단계에 따라 필요한 최대 흡수 파장이 상이한 경우가 있으므로, 광도 제어부(70)를 통해 이러한 특성을 고려하여 재배할 수 있다.The light intensity controller 70 may control the intensity of the artificial light source 30 or the solar plate 50 according to the type of plant to be cultivated. Depending on the type of plant, the time required for growth, the intensity of light, or the maximum absorption wavelength are different. For example, apples, pears, and peaches have a high growth effect in the visible ray wavelength range of 550 nm to 600 nm, and cucumbers and peppers have a high growth effect in the visible ray wavelength range of 420 nm to 520 nm. On the other hand, since the growth change pattern varies depending on the plant, and the required maximum absorption wavelength is different depending on the growth stage, cultivation can be performed in consideration of these characteristics through the light intensity controller 70.
집광기(90)는 일정 간격을 형성하며 태양 방향으로 복수 개 배치될 수 있다. 컨테이너형 식물공장(1)인 경우, 컨테이너 고유의 특성상 적재가 가능해야 하므로 도 1과 같이, 집광기(90)는 컨테이너 지붕이 아닌 (태양을 마주보는 쪽의) 벽면 상단에서 태양을 향해 설치될 수 있다. A plurality of light concentrators 90 may be arranged at regular intervals in the direction of the sun. In the case of a container-type plant factory (1), since the container must be able to be loaded due to the inherent characteristics of the container, as shown in FIG. there is.
집광기(90)는 포물반사경 구조로 형성되어 외부의 태양광을 집광할 수 있다. 각 집광기(90)는 채광용 광섬유(901) 다발로 연결될 수 있다. 집광된 태양광은 광섬유(901)를 통해 컨테이너 내부로 인입되며, 태양광 플레이트(50)의 커넥터(501)와 연결되어 태양광 플레이트(50)에 전달될 수 있다. 집광기(90)를 통해 집광된 태양광이 식물 재배에 이용됨으로써, 인공광만을 사용하는 경우보다 전력을 절감할 수 있으며, 절감되는 전력량은 집광기(90)의 개수(면적)에 따라 상이할 수 있다.The concentrator 90 is formed in a parabolic reflector structure to collect external sunlight. Each concentrator 90 may be connected to a bundle of optical fibers 901 for light mining. The collected sunlight may be introduced into the container through the optical fiber 901 and transmitted to the solar plate 50 by being connected to the connector 501 of the solar plate 50 . Since sunlight collected through the concentrator 90 is used for plant cultivation, power can be saved compared to the case of using only artificial light, and the amount of power saved can vary depending on the number (area) of the concentrators 90.
또한, 집광기(90)는 태양 추적 센서를 포함할 수 있으며, 태양의 이동에 따라 회전하며 태양광을 집광할 수 있다. In addition, the concentrator 90 may include a sun tracking sensor, and may collect sunlight while rotating according to the movement of the sun.
도 3은 본 발명의 실시 예에 따른 집광기(90)와 태양광 플레이트(50)가 연결된 모습을 나타낸다. 집광기(90)와 태양광 플레이트(50)는 채광용 광섬유(901)로 연결될 수 있다. 집광기(90)는 포물반사경 구조로 태양광을 집광할 수 있으며, 집광된 태양광은 광섬유(901) 다발을 통해 식물공장(1) 내부로 인입되어, 태양광 플레이트(50)에 전달될 수 있다. 태양광 플레이트(50)의 측면에는 각 광섬유(901) 가닥들과 연결될 수 있는 커넥터(510)가 형성되어, 커넥터(510)를 통해 태양광 플레이트(50)는 광섬유(901)를 전달받을 수 있다. 확대된 부분이 광섬유(901)가 연결된 태양광 플레이트(50)의 커넥터(510)이다. 양 측면의 커넥터(510)는 집광기(90)에 연결된 광섬유(901)의 수만큼 형성되어 각 광섬유(901)와 일대일 결합할 수 있다.3 shows a state in which the concentrator 90 and the solar plate 50 are connected according to an embodiment of the present invention. The concentrator 90 and the solar plate 50 may be connected through an optical fiber 901 for lighting. The concentrator 90 may collect sunlight in a parabolic reflector structure, and the concentrated sunlight may be introduced into the plant factory 1 through a bundle of optical fibers 901 and transmitted to the solar plate 50. . A connector 510 that can be connected to each strand of the optical fiber 901 is formed on the side of the solar plate 50, and the solar plate 50 can receive the optical fiber 901 through the connector 510. . The enlarged portion is the connector 510 of the solar plate 50 to which the optical fiber 901 is connected. Connectors 510 on both sides may be formed as many as the number of optical fibers 901 connected to the concentrator 90 and coupled to each optical fiber 901 one-to-one.
도 1 및 도 3을 참고하면, 집광기(90)는 컨테이너형 식물공장(1)의 하우징과 포물반사경을 연결하는 연결부가 꺾임 형성됨을 확인할 수 있다. 이는 본 발명의 식물공장(1)이 컨테이너형으로 적층되는 특징과 태양광을 집광하는 집광기(90)의 기능적 특징을 모두 고려한 것으로, 식물공장(1)이 상하 적층될 때 집광기(90)에 의한 구조적 제한이 생기는 것을 최소화하는 동시에, 포물반사경이 태양을 향하여 기능적인 문제가 발생하지 않도록 고안된 구조이다. 따라서, 본 발명의 집광기(90)는 전술한 바와 같이 컨테이너형 식물공장(1)의 지붕면에 위치하지 않고, 벽면 또는 벽면과 지붕의 사이에 설치되되, 외부로 노출되어 상방으로 꺾임 형성될 수 있다.Referring to FIGS. 1 and 3 , it can be confirmed that in the concentrator 90, the connection portion connecting the housing of the container type plant factory 1 and the parabolic reflector is bent. This is in consideration of both the feature that the plant factory 1 of the present invention is stacked in a container type and the functional feature of the concentrator 90 that collects sunlight, and when the plant factory 1 is stacked up and down, It is a structure designed to minimize structural limitations and at the same time prevent functional problems from occurring when the parabolic mirror faces the sun. Therefore, the concentrator 90 of the present invention is not located on the roof surface of the container-type plant factory 1 as described above, but is installed on the wall or between the wall and the roof, but is exposed to the outside and can be bent upward. there is.
도 4는 본 발명의 실시 예에 따른 태양광 플레이트(50)의 구성도이다.4 is a configuration diagram of a solar plate 50 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
태양광 플레이트(50)는 커넥터(501), 상판 프레임(502), 광학필름(503), 확산기(505), 반사판(507) 및 하판 프레임(508)을 포함할 수 있다.The solar plate 50 may include a connector 501 , an upper frame 502 , an optical film 503 , a diffuser 505 , a reflector 507 , and a lower frame 508 .
커넥터(501)는 광섬유(901)와 연결하여 집광기(90)로부터 집광된 태양광을 태양광 플레이트(50) 내부로 인입시킬 수 있다. 커넥터(501)는 태양광 플레이트(50)의 양 측면에 각각 복수 개 형성될 수 있다. 태양광 플레이트(50)의 측면은 엣지 프레임(edge frame)으로 보호될 수 있는데, 이때 커넥터(501)는 엣지 프레임에 형성되어 고정될 수 있다.The connector 501 may be connected to the optical fiber 901 to introduce sunlight collected from the concentrator 90 into the solar plate 50 . A plurality of connectors 501 may be formed on both sides of the solar plate 50, respectively. The side of the solar plate 50 may be protected by an edge frame, and at this time, the connector 501 may be formed and fixed to the edge frame.
광학필름(503)은 인입된 태양광을 태양광 플레이트(50) 내부에서 전반사(Total Internal Reflection: TIR)시킬 수 있다. 태양광 플레이트(50)의 사방 측면에 마련된 엣지 프레임은 빛이 통과시키지 않으므로, 전반사된 태양광은 태양광 플레이트(50) 내부에 갇힐 수 있다. 또한, 커넥터(501)가 태양광 플레이트(50)의 측면 상단부터 하단까지 형성될 수 있으므로, 태양광 플레이트(50)에 인입되는 태양광은 인입 시부터 분산될 수 있다. The optical film 503 may perform Total Internal Reflection (TIR) of incoming sunlight inside the solar plate 50 . Since the edge frames provided on the four sides of the solar plate 50 do not allow light to pass through, the total reflected sunlight may be trapped inside the solar plate 50 . In addition, since the connector 501 can be formed from the top to the bottom of the side of the solar plate 50, sunlight entering the solar plate 50 can be dispersed from the time of entry.
확산기(diffuser)(505)는 광학필름(503)의 일면에 위치하여, 전반사된 태양광을 재배베드(10)로 조사시킬 수 있다. 보다 상세하게, 확산기(505)는 재배베드(10)를 향하는 방향에 위치하여 태양광을 재배베드(10)로 균일하게 배출되도록 할 수 있다.A diffuser 505 is positioned on one surface of the optical film 503 to irradiate the growth bed 10 with total reflected sunlight. More specifically, the diffuser 505 may be positioned in a direction toward the growth bed 10 to uniformly discharge sunlight to the growth bed 10 .
반사판(507)은 광학필름(503)의 타면에 위치할 수 있으므로, 결과적으로 확산기(505)와 대향하여 위치할 수 있다. 반사판(507)은 태양광을 태양광 플레이트(50) 외부로 방출시키지 않고, 태양광 플레이트(50)의 내부로만 반사시킬 수 있다. 따라서, 태양광 플레이트(50)의 내부에서 전반사된 태양광은 반사판(507)이 있는 면의 반대면(확산기(505) 방향)으로만 출력될 수 있다.The reflector 507 may be positioned on the other side of the optical film 503, and consequently may be positioned opposite the diffuser 505. The reflector 507 may reflect only the inside of the solar plate 50 without emitting sunlight to the outside of the solar plate 50 . Accordingly, sunlight totally reflected inside the solar plate 50 may be output only to a surface opposite to the surface where the reflector 507 is located (toward the diffuser 505).
태양광 플레이트(50)는 상판 프레임(502), 하판 프레임(508), 엣지 프레임을 통해 외부가 보호 및 고정될 수 있다.The solar plate 50 may be externally protected and fixed through the upper frame 502 , the lower frame 508 , and the edge frame.
이상에서 대표적인 실시예를 통하여 본 발명을 상세하게 설명하였으나, 본 발명이 속하는 기술 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자는 상술한 실시예에 대하여 본 발명의 범주에서 벗어나지 않는 한도 내에서 다양한 변형이 가능함을 이해할 것이다. 그러므로 본 발명의 권리 범위는 설명한 실시예에 국한되어 정해져서는 안 되며, 후술하는 특허청구범위뿐만 아니라 특허청구범위와 균등 개념으로부터 도출되는 모든 변경 또는 변형된 형태에 의하여 정해져야 한다.Although the present invention has been described in detail through representative embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications are possible to the above-described embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. will be. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the described embodiments and should not be defined, and should be defined by all changes or modifications derived from the claims and equivalent concepts as well as the claims to be described later.
[부호의 설명][Description of code]
1: 식물공장 (컨테이너형 식물공장)1: Plant factory (container type plant factory)
10: 재배베드10: cultivation bed
20: 무빙 레일20: moving rail
21: 이동 제어부21: movement control unit
30: 인공 광원30: artificial light source
50: 태양광 플레이트50: solar plate
501: 커넥터501: connector
502: 상판 프레임502: top frame
503: 광학필름503: optical film
505: 확산기505 diffuser
507: 반사판507 Reflector
508: 하판 프레임508: lower frame
70: 광도 제어부70: light intensity control
90: 집광기90: concentrator
901: 광섬유 901: optical fiber

Claims (10)

  1. 인공광 또는 자연광을 이용하여 수직으로 식물재배가 가능한 식물공장에 있어서,In a plant factory capable of growing plants vertically using artificial light or natural light,
    식물이 세로로 배치되어 재배되는 세로수직형 재배베드;A vertical vertical cultivation bed in which plants are vertically arranged and cultivated;
    일정 간격을 형성하며 수직으로 복수 개 배치되어 상기 식물에 인공광을 조사하는 인공 광원; 및A plurality of artificial light sources arranged vertically at regular intervals to irradiate artificial light to the plant; and
    일정 간격을 형성하며 수직으로 복수 개 배치되어 상기 식물에 태양광을 조사하는 태양광 플레이트를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 식물공장.A plant factory comprising a plurality of solar plates arranged vertically at regular intervals to irradiate sunlight to the plants.
  2. 제 1 항에 있어서,According to claim 1,
    상기 인공 광원 또는 상기 태양광 플레이트는,The artificial light source or the solar plate,
    상기 재배베드의 종 방향 길이에 대응하는 높이로 형성되어 상기 재배베드의 상단부터 하단까지 빛을 조사하는 것을 특징으로 하는 식물공장.A plant factory, characterized in that it is formed at a height corresponding to the longitudinal length of the growth bed and irradiates light from the top to the bottom of the growth bed.
  3. 제 1 항에 있어서,According to claim 1,
    상기 인공 광원은,The artificial light source,
    복수 개의 상기 태양광 플레이트가 형성하는 간격보다 조밀한 간격으로 복수 개 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 식물공장.A plant factory, characterized in that a plurality of solar plates are arranged at closer intervals than the intervals formed by the plurality of photovoltaic plates.
  4. 제 1 항에 있어서,According to claim 1,
    상기 재배베드의 상단 또는 하단에 설치되어 상기 재배베드를 수평 방향 이동시키는 무빙 레일을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 식물공장.Plant factory, characterized in that it further comprises a moving rail installed at the top or bottom of the growth bed to move the growth bed in a horizontal direction.
  5. 제 1 항에 있어서,According to claim 1,
    상기 인공 광원 또는 상기 태양광 플레이트의 세기를 측정 또는 제어하는 광도 제어부를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 식물공장.Plant factory characterized in that it further comprises a light intensity controller for measuring or controlling the intensity of the artificial light source or the solar plate.
  6. 제 5 항에 있어서,According to claim 5,
    상기 광도 제어부는,The brightness control unit,
    외부 기상 환경에 따라 광도가 변하는 상기 태양광 플레이트에 대해 상기 인공 광원의 세기를 제어하여 일정량 이상의 빛이 상기 재배베드에 조사되도록 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 식물공장.The plant factory, characterized in that by controlling the intensity of the artificial light source for the solar plate whose light intensity changes according to the external weather environment, so that a certain amount of light or more is irradiated to the cultivation bed.
  7. 제 5 항에 있어서,According to claim 5,
    상기 광도 제어부는,The brightness control unit,
    재배되는 식물의 종류에 따라 상기 인공 광원 또는 상기 태양광 플레이트의 세기를 제어하는 것을 특징으로 하는 식물공장.Plant factory, characterized in that for controlling the intensity of the artificial light source or the solar plate according to the type of plant to be cultivated.
  8. 제 4 항에 있어서,According to claim 4,
    상기 재배베드의 수평 이동을 제어하는 이동 제어부를 더 포함하며,Further comprising a movement control unit for controlling the horizontal movement of the growth bed,
    상기 이동 제어부는,The movement control unit,
    기설정된 시간에 따라 상기 재배베드가 상기 무빙 레일을 따라 이동하도록 제어하는 것을 특징으로 하는 식물공장.Plant factory, characterized in that for controlling the growth bed to move along the moving rail according to a predetermined time.
  9. 제 1 항에 있어서,According to claim 1,
    외부의 태양광을 집광하는 집광기를 더 포함하며,Further comprising a concentrator for condensing external sunlight,
    상기 태양광 플레이트는,The solar plate,
    광섬유와 연결하여 상기 집광기로부터 집광된 태양광을 상기 태양광 플레이트 내부로 인입시키는 커넥터;a connector connected to an optical fiber to introduce sunlight collected from the concentrator into the solar plate;
    인입된 태양광을 상기 태양광 플레이트 내부에서 전반사시키는 광학필름;an optical film that totally reflects incoming sunlight inside the photovoltaic plate;
    상기 광학필름의 일면에 위치하며, 전반사된 태양광을 상기 재배베드로 조사시키는 확산기(diffuser); 및a diffuser located on one side of the optical film and irradiating total reflected sunlight to the cultivation bed; and
    상기 광학필름의 타면에 위치하며, 태양광을 상기 태양광 플레이트 내부로 반사시키는 반사판을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 식물공장.Located on the other side of the optical film, the plant factory characterized in that it comprises a reflector for reflecting sunlight into the solar plate.
  10. 적층 가능한 컨테이너형 식물공장에 있어서,In a stackable container-type plant factory,
    외부의 태양광을 집광하여 하기 태양광 플레이트로 전달하는 집광기;A concentrator that collects external sunlight and transmits it to the solar plate below;
    식물이 세로로 배치되어 재배되는 세로수직형 재배베드;A vertical vertical cultivation bed in which plants are vertically arranged and cultivated;
    일정 간격을 형성하며 수직으로 복수 개 배치되어 상기 식물에 인공광을 조사하는 인공 광원; 및A plurality of artificial light sources arranged vertically at regular intervals to irradiate artificial light to the plant; and
    일정 간격을 형성하며 수직으로 복수 개 배치되어 상기 식물에 태양광을 조사하는 태양광 플레이트를 포함하여, 인공광 또는 자연광을 이용하여 수직으로 식물재배가 가능한 컨테이너형 식물공장.A container-type plant factory capable of growing plants vertically using artificial light or natural light, including a plurality of solar plates arranged vertically at regular intervals to irradiate sunlight on the plants.
PCT/KR2022/015606 2021-11-10 2022-10-14 Vertical-type plant factory using artificial light or natural light WO2023085620A1 (en)

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