WO2023082721A1 - 发声装置、发声装置的校准方法及发声单元 - Google Patents
发声装置、发声装置的校准方法及发声单元 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023082721A1 WO2023082721A1 PCT/CN2022/109282 CN2022109282W WO2023082721A1 WO 2023082721 A1 WO2023082721 A1 WO 2023082721A1 CN 2022109282 W CN2022109282 W CN 2022109282W WO 2023082721 A1 WO2023082721 A1 WO 2023082721A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only
- H04R1/26—Spatial arrangements of separate transducers responsive to two or more frequency ranges
- H04R1/265—Spatial arrangements of separate transducers responsive to two or more frequency ranges of microphones
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
- H04R1/1083—Reduction of ambient noise
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of sounding devices, in particular to a sounding device, a calibration method of the sounding device and a sounding unit.
- the main purpose of the present invention is to propose a sounding device, a method for calibrating the sounding device, and a sounding unit, aiming at solving the problem of the far-field noise elimination caused by the factory difference of a single sounding unit in the current sounding device composed of two sounding units The problem.
- the present invention proposes a sounding device, comprising:
- each of the sounding units includes a cavity, a sounding monomer and an adjustment device, and the sounding monomer is arranged in the cavity to divide the cavity into a front cavity and a rear cavity
- the adjustment device includes An adjusting plate and a driving part, one end of the adjusting plate is rotatably mounted on an inner wall of the rear cavity, and the driving part drives the adjusting plate to adjust the effective volume of the rear cavity.
- the inner wall of the rear cavity is provided with a plurality of sealing fitting parts on the rotation track of the adjusting plate, and the other end of the adjusting plate can be moved to be in sealing fit with one of the adjusting plates. internally sealed connection.
- the plurality of sealing fit portions are arranged at an angle, and the angle between two adjacent seal fit portions is ⁇ , wherein 0° ⁇ 90°.
- a plurality of the sealing fit portions are arranged at intervals according to a preset rotation angle of the adjusting plate.
- the plurality of sealing fitting parts include a limiting part near one end of the front cavity, and the limiting part is protruded from the inner wall of the rear cavity to limit the displacement of the adjusting plate.
- the present invention also proposes a calibration method of a calibration method of a sounding device, comprising the following steps:
- the adjustment device and/or the input voltage of at least one sounding unit is controlled, so that the difference between the frequency response parameters of the two sounding units is within a preset range.
- the frequency response parameters include peak frequency and/or valley impedance
- the step of obtaining the frequency response parameters of the two sounding units includes:
- the peak frequencies f 01 , f 02 of the two sounding units and/or the valley impedances Z e1 , Z e2 of the two sounding units are obtained according to the two impedance curves.
- the frequency response parameter includes a peak frequency
- the adjusting device of at least one of the sounding units is controlled, so that the peak frequency difference of the two sounding units is within a preset range.
- the step of controlling the adjusting device of at least one sounding unit according to the peak frequency difference so that the peak frequency difference of the two sounding units is within a preset range includes:
- the corresponding driving part is controlled to drive the adjustment plate to move, so as to adjust the corresponding effective volume of the rear cavity.
- the inner wall of the rear cavity is provided with a plurality of sealing fitting parts on the rotation track of the adjusting plate, and the other end of the adjusting plate can be moved to be sealingly connected with one of the sealing fitting parts;
- the step of controlling the corresponding driving part to drive the adjustment plate to adjust the corresponding effective volume of the rear chamber includes:
- the corresponding driving part is controlled to drive the adjustment plate to be in sealing cooperation with the confirmed sealing part, so as to complete the adjustment of the effective volume of the rear chamber.
- the frequency response parameters include valley impedance
- the input voltage of at least one sounding unit is controlled so that the valley impedance difference of the two sounding units is within a preset range.
- the present invention also proposes a sounding unit, including a cavity, a sounding unit and an adjustment device, the sounding unit is arranged in the cavity to divide the cavity into a front cavity and a rear cavity, and the adjustment device includes an adjustment A plate and a driving part, one end of the adjusting plate is rotatably mounted on an inner wall of the rear cavity, and the driving part drives the adjusting plate to adjust the effective volume of the rear cavity.
- the sounding device includes two sounding units. Due to the difference in the factory frequency response of the two sounding units, the resonant peak and sensitivity of the two are different, so that when the sounding device is used Affect the noise reduction effect.
- the adjustment plate divides the rear chamber into two independent chambers.
- the volume of the chamber corresponding to the position of the front chamber is the effective volume, which can be adjusted by adjusting
- the angle between the adjustment plate and the inner wall surface on which it is installed achieves the purpose of adjusting the rear cavity, and the effective volume of the rear cavity of the two sounding units can be adjusted by the adjustment device 3, so that the The frequency response of the sounding unit and the other sounding unit has a good consistency within a certain error range, so that the two sounding units have a better far-field noise cancellation effect during the working process, so that the sounding The device can obtain better sound quality effect and improve user experience.
- Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an embodiment of a sounding device provided by the present invention
- Fig. 2 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram in Fig. 1;
- Figure 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the rear cavity in Figure 2;
- Fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of a method for calibrating a sounding device provided by the present invention
- Fig. 5 is a schematic flowchart of another embodiment of the method for calibrating the sound emitting device in Fig. 4;
- FIG. 6 is a graph of the impedance curve in FIG. 4 .
- the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement conditions, etc. between the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes , then the directional indication changes accordingly.
- the present invention provides a sounding device, a method for calibrating the sounding device, and a sounding unit.
- Figures 1 to 3 are embodiments of the sounding device provided by the present invention
- Figures 4 to 6 are calibrations of the sounding device provided by the present invention. Example of the method.
- the present invention provides a sounding unit 2, comprising a cavity, a sounding monomer and an adjustment device 23, the sounding monomer is arranged in the cavity to divide the cavity into a front cavity 21 and a rear cavity 22, and the adjustment
- the device 23 is used to adjust the effective volume of the rear cavity 22;
- the adjustment device 23 includes an adjustment plate 231 and a driving part 22, and the adjustment plate 231 is movably arranged in the rear cavity 22 to adjust
- the effective volume of the rear cavity 22 is large, and the driving part 22 drives the adjustment plate 231 to move. Therefore, through the driving cooperation of the driving part 22 and the adjusting plate 231, the effective volume of the rear chamber 22 of the sound unit 2 can be adjusted, and the effective volume of the rear chamber 22 is the rear chamber 22.
- the volume corresponding to the sealing part of the front chamber 21 is set so that the sound unit 2 can change its frequency response effect by adjusting the effective volume of the rear chamber 22, thereby correspondingly changing its far-field noise reduction effect.
- the present invention also provides a sounding device 100.
- the sounding unit is arranged in the cavity to divide the cavity into a front cavity 21 and a rear cavity 22,
- the adjustment device 23 includes an adjustment plate 231 and a driving part 22, and one end of the adjustment plate 231 is rotatably installed On an inner wall of the rear chamber 22 , the driving part 22 drives the adjustment plate 231 to adjust the effective volume of the rear chamber 22 .
- the adjusting plate 231 divides the rear chamber 22 into two independent chambers, and the volume of the chamber corresponding to the position of the front chamber 21 is an effective volume, which can be adjusted by adjusting the
- the angle between the plate 231 and the inner wall surface on which it is installed can achieve the purpose of adjusting the rear cavity 22, and the effective volume of the rear cavity 22 of the two sounding units 2 can be adjusted by the adjustment device 23, so that The frequency responses of the sounding unit 2 and the other sounding unit 2 are in good agreement within a certain error range, so that the two sounding units 2 have a good far-field noise cancellation effect during the working process.
- the sounding device 100 also includes a control device, which is electrically connected to the two sounding units 2, and the control device includes a memory, a processor, and a calibration program of the sounding device stored in the memory.
- the processor executes a calibration procedure of the sound generating device. Therefore, when the processor executes the calibration program of the sounding device, it can issue a control instruction to one of the sounding units 2, so that the control device controls the adjustment device 23 in the corresponding sounding unit 2 to change the corresponding The effective volume of the rear chamber 22.
- the driving part 22 is controlled to drive the adjustment plate 231 to move in the direction of increasing the effective volume of the rear cavity 22 or decreasing the effective volume of the rear cavity 22 , so that the adjusting plate 231 divides the rear cavity 22, and the cavity corresponding to the front cavity 21 is an effective cavity.
- the driving unit 22 may be a motor, a screw mechanism, etc., which is not limited here, and is driven by a motor in this embodiment.
- the adjustment plate 231 cannot effectively cooperate with the inner walls of the rear cavity 22 at this time, therefore, in one embodiment Among them, the adjustment plate 231 is set as a telescopic plate with adjustable length, and the telescopic driving structure of the adjustment plate 231 is electrically connected with the control device. Therefore, after the adjustment plate 231 is moved to a designated position, its two ends can respectively be in sealing contact with the corresponding inner wall through telescopic adjustment, so as to ensure the airtightness of the rear cavity 22 .
- a plurality of plate segments can be sequentially socketed to realize telescopic adjustment by changing the distance between each other, or two plate segments can be connected through a flexible telescopic sleeve, and the flexible telescopic sleeve can be directly stretched and compressed.
- the telescopic and adjustable adjustment of the adjustment plate 231 is realized in a manner, which will not be described in detail here.
- one end of the adjustment plate 231 is rotatably mounted on an inner wall of the rear cavity 22 , and the inner wall of the rear cavity 22 is on the rotation track of the adjustment plate 231 A plurality of sealing fitting parts 221 are provided, and the other end of the adjusting plate 231 is movable to be in sealing connection with one of the sealing fitting parts 221 .
- the plurality of sealing fitting parts 221 divide the rear chamber 22 into a plurality of gears, and when the adjusting plate 231 is sealed and connected with different sealing fitting parts 221, they respectively form effective volumes of different sizes, so that This makes it easier to confirm the position where the adjustment plate 231 needs to move when it is being adjusted, and enhances the accuracy and convenience of effective volume adjustment.
- one end of the adjustment plate 231 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the rear chamber 22, and the other end of the rotation track is a circular arc.
- 221 are arranged at an included angle, and the included angle between two adjacent sealing fitting parts 221 is ⁇ , wherein 0° ⁇ 90°.
- a plurality of the sealing fitting parts 221 are arranged at intervals according to the preset rotation angle of the adjusting plate 231 .
- the single preset rotation angle of the adjusting plate 231 is set to 15°, that is, ⁇ is 15°, and the volume of the rear chamber 22 is divided into 6 gears with 15° as a gear. position, when the gear is changed, the control device sends an instruction to the driving part 22, so as to drive the adjustment plate 231 to rotate a corresponding angle, so as to contact the sealing fitting part 221 of the corresponding gear to form a seal
- the environment changes the effective volume.
- the adjustment plate 231 rotates more than 75°
- the rear cavity 22 is fully connected, and the effective volume is the volume of the rear cavity 22 itself. This gear is recorded as 1st gear.
- the adjusting plate 231 is in its initial vertical state and is in contact with the corresponding sealing fit portion 221 , the corresponding effective volume at this time is the smallest, which is recorded as the 6th gear.
- a rubber member may be provided at the end of the adjustment plate 231 or the end of the sealing fitting part 221 to ensure a good sealing effect.
- the plurality of sealing fit portions 221 include a limiting portion near one end of the front cavity 21 , and the limiting portion is protruded from the inner wall of the rear cavity 22 to limit the displacement of the adjusting plate 231 . To prevent the adjustment plate 231 from exceeding the preset stroke due to the excessive driving force of the driving part, resulting in no accurate gear positioning and affecting the intelligent adjustment of the effective volume.
- one end of the adjustment plate 231 is installed in the middle of an inner wall of the rear chamber 22, and a plurality of the sealing fit portions 221 are distributed along the rotation track of the adjustment plate 231 in the rear chamber 22.
- one of the inner wall surfaces on which the sealing fit portion 221 is installed corresponds to the inner wall surface on which the adjusting plate 231 is installed.
- the lengths of the plurality of sealing fitting parts 221 can be set to be the same, and the length of the adjusting plate 231 can be adjusted, or the length of the plurality of sealing fitting parts 221 can be set to be along the length of the adjusting plate 231.
- the rotation track increases sequentially, while the length of the adjusting plate 231 is fixed, so as to realize the sealing fit under each gear state.
- the two sounding units 2 in the sounding device 100 can be located inside the same casing, or can be placed in two casings respectively.
- the two sounding units 2 are spaced apart are installed in the same housing 1, and the rear cavities 22 of the two sounding units 2 are on the same side of the housing 1, and both are on the side away from the user’s ear.
- the sounding hole in the sounding unit 2 11 is in communication with the front chamber 21, so that the sound holes 11 of the two sound generating units 2 both emit sound to one side of the user.
- the following are the steps of the method for calibrating the sounding device in the control device, the processor executing the calibrating program of the sounding device.
- the calibration method of the sounding device comprises the following steps:
- the sounding device 100 includes two sounding units 2. Due to the difference in the factory frequency response of the two sounding units 2, the resonant peak and sensitivity of the two are different, so that in the sounding When the device 100 is used, it affects the noise cancellation effect.
- the adjustment device 23 of at least one of the sounding units 2 is controlled to correspond to Adjust the volume of the rear chamber 22 of the sounding unit 2, or adjust the input voltage of the corresponding sounding unit 2, or adjust the volume of the rear chamber 22 and the input voltage at the same time, so that the difference between the frequency response parameters of the two sounding units 2 is within a predetermined range.
- the range is set so that the consistency of the two sound generating units 2 is better, so as to have a better far-field noise cancellation effect, so that the sound generating device 100 can obtain better sound quality effects, and improve user experience.
- the preset range is set according to the desired effect. For example, initially, the difference between the frequency response parameters of the two sounding units 2 is 10%. The error value between them is 5%. At this time, you can adjust the sound unit 2 with a higher frequency response parameter value to a lower value, or adjust the other one in reverse, and there is no limitation here.
- the frequency response parameters include peak frequency and/or valley impedance
- the step of obtaining the frequency response parameters of the two sounding units 2 includes:
- the peak frequency f0 marked in the impedance graph can be adjusted by adjusting the effective volume of the rear cavity 22 of the corresponding sounding unit 2, specifically, reducing the corresponding sounding
- the effective volume of the unit 2 will increase the peak frequency f 0
- increasing the corresponding effective volume of the sounding unit 2 will decrease the peak frequency f 0 .
- Decreasing the input voltage of the corresponding sounding unit 2 will move Z e up
- increasing the input voltage of the corresponding sounding unit will move Z e down.
- the frequency response parameters include peak frequency
- Step S20 includes:
- the effective volume of the rear chamber 22 of the corresponding sounding unit 2 is adjusted according to the peak frequency difference, and at this time only the consistency of the peak frequencies of the two sounding units 2 is changed.
- step S220 specifically includes the following steps:
- the coordination between the adjustment plate 231 and the inner wall of the rear cavity 22 is multiple, and the adjustment is controlled for a specific embodiment.
- the inner wall of the rear cavity 22 is provided with a plurality of sealing fitting parts 221 on the rotation track of the adjustment plate 231 , and the other part of the adjustment plate 231 is One end can be moved to seal connection with one of the sealing fitting parts 221 to adjust the effective volume.
- the plurality of sealing fitting parts 221 respectively correspond to various gears of the effective volume.
- the corresponding driving part 22 is controlled to drive the adjustment plate 231 to seal and cooperate with the confirmed sealing part 221 , so as to complete the adjustment of the effective volume of the rear chamber 22 .
- gear position can be determined according to the volume of the effective rear cavity, so as to confirm the sealing fit part 221 used in the gear position state, so that the precise rotation angle range can be issued directly to control the adjustment process More concise and reduce errors.
- step S20 includes:
- the input voltage of the corresponding sounding unit 2 is adjusted according to the valley impedance difference, and at this time only the consistency of the valley impedances of the two sounding units 2 is changed.
- the peak frequency f 01 , the valley impedance Z e1 , the peak frequency f 02 , and the valley impedance Z e3 of each of the sounding units 2 can be correspondingly compared.
- the peak frequency difference and the valley impedance difference are obtained, and according to the two differences, the rear cavity volume and/or input voltage of the sound generating unit 2 are correspondingly adjusted.
- the sound unit 2 that adjusts the effective volume of the rear cavity 22 and the sound unit 2 that adjusts the input voltage can be the same or two. There is no limit to this, and it needs to be determined according to the actual difference and the need for the far-field noise reduction effect.
- the principle of far-field noise cancellation of the sounding unit 2 can be adjusted by adjusting the peak frequency f 0 and the valley impedance Z e as follows:
- the total impedance Z eM of the speaker is the ratio of the voltage applied to both ends of the voice coil to the current flowing through the voice coil, and its value is determined by the following formula:
- the total electrical impedance Z eM is equal to the DC resistance of the voice coil.
- the total impedance produces a maximum at the mechanical resonance frequency of the vibrating system. That is to say, the inertial impedance is equal to the compliant impedance of the support at this time:
- This f1 frequency is known as the electrical resonance frequency.
- the impedance at this point is the nominal impedance of the speaker. Usually, the nominal impedance is about 1.1 to 1.2 times the DC impedance. At higher frequencies, the total impedance increases due to the influence of the voice coil inductance and the decrease in insertion impedance.
- the frequency characteristic of the total impedance Z eM is shown in Fig. 6 .
- the abscissa in the figure is the frequency, and the total left is the impedance.
- the frequency corresponding to the highest point of the curve is f 0 .
- This parameter can be changed by adjusting the cavity volume.
- the total impedance corresponding to the lowest point after the curve exceeds the peak value in the figure is the DC impedance Z e , adjust the input voltage to adjust this parameter.
- the difference of the sounding unit can be intuitively reflected in the impedance curve, and adjusting the volume and voltage of the rear cavity can change the f 0 and Z e in the impedance curve, and then make the impedance curves of the two sounding units consistent to achieve Calibration effect.
- the two sounding units 2 can be adjusted to be in the same phase mode without considering far-field noise cancellation. In this state, if you want to obtain better low-frequency performance, The effective volumes in the rear cavities 22 of the two sounding units 2 can be adjusted to gear 1, and a better low-frequency experience will be obtained due to the increase in the effective volume.
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Abstract
本发明公开一种发声装置、发声装置的校准方法及发声单元，所述发声装置包括两个发声单元，每一所述发声单元包括腔体、发声单体以及调节装置，所述发声单体设于所述腔体内将所述腔体间隔为前腔和后腔，所述调节装置包括调节板和驱动部，所述调节板的一端转动安装于所述后腔的一内壁，所述驱动部驱动所述调节板活动以调节所述后腔的有效体积。本发明所述的发声装置通过改变其中一所述发声单元中所述调节板的位置，从而对应调节其峰值频率，使得两个所述发声单元的频响参数之间的差值在预设范围内，使得两个所述发声单元的一致性更好，从而具有较好的远场消声效果。
Description
本申请要求于2021年11月10日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111330524.3、发明名称为“发声装置、发声装置的校准方法及发声单元”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本发明涉及发声装置技术领域，特别涉及发声装置、发声装置的校准方法及发声单元。
目前市场上的VR类、AR类产品逐渐增多，人们在满足了日常使用的基础上，对隐私性的要求越来越高。目前市面上的产品已经有常用的单个发声单元的远场消声方案以及双发声单元的远场消声方案。而双发声单元由于组合的灵活性以及可实现功能的多样会逐渐成为主流。但对于双发声单元而言，发声单元的差异是不可避免的，而发声单元的一致性会直接影响远场消声。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的是提出一种发声装置、发声装置的校准方法及发声单元，旨在解决目前的双发声单元构成的发声装置中，由于单个发声单元的出厂差异而对远场消声造成影响的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提出一种发声装置，包括：
两个发声单元，各所述发声单元包括腔体、发声单体以及调节装置，所述发声单体设于所述腔体内将所述腔体间隔为前腔和后腔，所述调节装置包括调节板和驱动部，所述调节板的一端转动安装于所述后腔的一内壁，所述驱动部驱动所述调节板活动以调节所述后腔的有效体积。
可选地，各所述发声单元中，所述后腔的内壁在所述调节板的转动轨迹上设置多个密封配合部，所述调节板的另一端可活动至与其中一所述密封配合部密封连接。
可选地，多个所述密封配合部之间呈夹角设置，相邻的两个所述密封配合部之间的夹角为α，其中，0°＜α＜90°。
可选地，多个所述密封配合部按照所述调节板的预设转动角度间隔设置。
可选地，多个所述密封配合部包括靠近所述前腔一端的限位部，所述限位部凸设于所述后腔的内壁以限制所述调节板的位移。
本发明还提出一种发声装置的校准方法的校准方法，包括以下步骤：
获取两个所述发声单元的频响参数；
根据所述频响参数之间的差值，控制至少一所述发声单元的调节装置和/或输入电压，使得两个所述发声单元的频响参数之间的差值在预设范围内。
可选地，所述频响参数包括峰值频率和/或低谷阻抗；
获取两个所述发声单元的频响参数的步骤，包括：
在向两个所述发声单元分别以额定电压播放扫频信号时，获取两个所述发声单元返回的电流信号；
根据所述额定电压和获取的两个电流信号，计算得到两个所述发声单元的阻抗曲线；
根据两个所述阻抗曲线得到两个所述发声单元的峰值频率f
01、f
02、和/或两个所述发声单元的低谷阻抗Z
e1、Z
e2。
可选地，所述频响参数包括峰值频率；
根据所述频响参数之间的差值，控制至少一所述发声单元的调节装置和/或输入电压，使得两个所述发声单元的频响参数之间的差值在预设范围内的步骤，包括：
比较两个所述发声单元的峰值频率f
01和峰值频率f
02，得到峰值频率差值；
根据所述峰值频率差值，控制至少一所述发声单元的调节装置，使得两个所述发声单元的峰值频率差值在预设范围内。
可选地，根据所述峰值频率差值，控制至少一所述发声单元的调节装置，使得两个所述发声单元的峰值频率差值在预设范围内的步骤，包括：
根据所述峰值频率差值以及预设映射关系，获得需要调整的所述发声单元的有效后腔体积大小；
根据获取的所述有效后腔体积大小，控制对应的所述驱动部驱动所述调节板活动，以调节对应的所述后腔的有效体积。
可选地，所述后腔的内壁设置在所述调节板的转动轨迹上的多个密封配合部，所述调节板的另一端可活动至与其中一所述密封配合部密封连接；
根据获取的所述有效后腔体积大小，控制对应的所述驱动部驱动所述调节板活动，以调节对应的所述后腔的有效体积的步骤，包括：
根据获取的所述有效后腔体积大小，确认满足该有效后腔体积大小所对应的密封配合部；
控制对应的所述驱动部驱动所述调节板活动以与确认的所述密封配合部密封配合，以完成所述后腔的有效体积的调节。
可选地，所述频响参数包括低谷阻抗；
根据所述频响参数之间的差值，控制至少一所述发声单元的调节装置和/或输入电压，使得两个所述发声单元的频响参数之间的差值在预设范围内的步骤，包括：
比较两个所述发声单元的低谷阻抗Z
e1和低谷阻抗Z
e2，得到低谷阻抗差值；
根据所述低谷阻抗差值以及预设映射关系，控制至少一所述发声单元的输入电压，使得两个所述发声单元的低谷阻抗差值在预设范围内。
本发明还提出一种发声单元，包括腔体、发声单体以及调节装置，所述发声单体设于所述腔体内将所述腔体间隔为前腔和后腔，所述调节装置包括调节板和驱动部，所述调节板的一端转动安装于所述后腔的一内壁，所述驱动部驱动所述调节板活动以调节所述后腔的有效体积。
本发明的技术方案中，所述发声装置中包括两个发声单元，由于两个所述发声单元的出厂频响差异，造成二者的共振峰值和灵敏度具有差异，从而在所述发声装置使用时影响消声效果，每一所述发声单元中，所述调节板将所述后腔分割成彼此独立的两个腔室，对应所述前腔位置的腔室的体积为有效体积，可以通过调整所述调节板与其安装的内壁面之间的夹角而达到调节所述后腔的目的，两个所述发声单元的后腔的有效体积都可以通过所述调节装3进行调节，从而使得该发声单元与另一发声单元的频响在一定的误差范围里，具有较好的 一致性，从而在两个所述发声单元工作的过程中具有较好的远场消声效果，使得所述发声装置能够获得较好的音质效果，提高用户的体验感。
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图示出的结构获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明提供的发声装置一实施例的立体示意图；
图2为图1中局部剖面示意图；
图3为图2中后腔的放大示意图；
图4为本发明提供的发声装置的校准方法一实施例的流程示意图；
图5为图4中发声装置的校准方法另一实施例的流程示意图；
图6为图4中的阻抗曲线图。
附图标号说明：
| 标号 | 名称 | 标号 | 名称 |
| 100 | 发声装置 | 22 | 后腔 |
| 1 | 壳体 | 221 | 密封配合部 |
| 11 | 发声孔 | 23 | 调节装置 |
| 2 | 发声单元 | 231 | 调节板 |
| 21 | 前腔 | 232 | 驱动部 |
本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创 造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明，若本发明实施例中有涉及方向性指示，则该方向性指示仅用于解释在某一特定姿态下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
另外，若本发明实施例中有涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述，则该“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本发明要求的保护范围之内。
目前市场上的VR类、AR类产品逐渐增多，人们在满足了日常使用的基础上，对隐私性的要求越来越高。目前市面上的产品已经有常用的单个发声单元的远场消声方案以及双发声单元的远场消声方案。而双发声单元由于组合的灵活性以及可实现功能的多样会逐渐成为主流。但对于双发声单元而言，发声单元的差异是不可避免的，而发声单元的一致性会直接影响远场消声。
鉴于此，本发明提供一种发声装置、发声装置的校准方法及发声单元，图1至图3为本发明提供的发声装置的实施例，图4至图6为本发明提供的发声装置的校准方法的实施例。
本发明提供一种发声单元2，包括腔体、发声单体以及调节装置23，所述发声单体设于所述腔体内将所述腔体间隔为前腔21和后腔22，所述调节装置23用以调节所述后腔22的有效体积大小；所述调节装置23包括调节板231和驱动部22，所述调节板231活动地设于所述后腔22，以在活动行程上调节所述后腔22的有效体积大小，所述驱动部22驱动所述调节板231活动。从而通过所述驱动部22和所述调节板231的驱动配合，可以实现该所述发声单元2的后腔22的有效体积大小可调，所述后腔22的有效体积即为该后腔22中对应所述前腔21的密封部分的体积，如此设置，使得该发声单元2可以通过调整其后腔22的有效体积改变其频响效果，从而对应的改变其远场消声的效果。
本发明还提供一种发声装置100，请参照图1至图2，发声装置100包括两个所述发声单元2和控制装置，各所述发声单元2包括腔体、发声单体以及调 节装置23，所述发声单体设于所述腔体内将所述腔体间隔为前腔21和后腔22，所述调节装置23包括调节板231和驱动部22，所述调节板231的一端转动安装于所述后腔22的一内壁，所述驱动部22驱动所述调节板231活动以调节所述后腔22的有效体积。
本发明的技术方案中，所述调节板231将所述后腔22分割成彼此独立的两个腔室，对应所述前腔21位置的腔室的体积为有效体积，可以通过调整所述调节板231与其安装的内壁面之间的夹角而达到调节所述后腔22的目的，两个所述发声单元2的后腔22的有效体积都可以通过所述调节装置23进行调节，从而使得该发声单元2与另一发声单元2的频响在一定的误差范围里，具有较好的一致性，从而在两个所述发声单元2工作的过程中具有良好的远场消声效果。
所述发声装置100还包括控制装置，所述控制装置与两个所述发声单元2电性连接，所述控制装置包括存储器、处理器以及存储在所述存储器的发声装置的校准程序，所述处理器执行发声装置的校准程序。从而可以在所述处理器执行所述发声装置的校准程序时，对其中一个所述发声单元2发出控制指令，以使得控制装置控制对应的所述发声单元2中的调节装置23以改变对应的所述后腔22的有效体积大小。具体的，根据所述控制装置的控制指令，控制所述驱动部22驱动所述调节板231向增大所述后腔22的有效体积或者减小所述后腔22的有效体积的方向进行移动，从而使得所述调节板231将所述后腔22分割，对应所述前腔21的腔室为有效腔室。
需要说明的是，所述驱动部22可以为电机、丝杠机构等，在此不作限制，本实施例中通过电机进行驱动。
更进一步的，考虑到所述后腔22的形状可能为多边形而非圆形，此时所述调节板231无法与所述后腔22各内壁之间的有效的配合，因此，在一实施例中，设置所述调节板231为长度可调的伸缩板，所述调节板231的伸缩驱动结构与所述控制装置电性连接。从而使得所述调节板231在移动至指定位置后，其两端可通过伸缩调节分别与对应的内壁密封抵接，以保证所述后腔22的密闭性。需要说明的是，可以通过多个板段依次套接，通过改变彼此之间的距离实现伸缩可调，或者将两个板段通过一个柔性伸缩套连接，通过直接拉伸和压缩该柔性伸缩套的方式实现调节板231的伸缩可调，在此不做详细说明。
在其他实施例中，请参照图2至图3，所述调节板231的一端转动安装于所述后腔22的一内壁，所述后腔22的内壁在所述调节板231的转动轨迹上设置多个密封配合部221，所述调节板231的另一端可活动至与其中一所述密封配合部221密封连接。多个所述密封配合部221将所述后腔22划分出多个档位，当所述调节板231与不同的所述密封配合部221密封连接时，分别对应形成不同大小的有效体积，从而使得在所述调节板231在调节时，更容易确认其所需要运动的位置，增强有效体积调节的精确性和便利性。
基于上述实施例，所述调节板231的一端部转动安装于所述后腔22的内壁，其另一端的转动轨迹为一个圆弧形，因此，为了便于配合，将多个所述密封配合部221之间呈夹角设置，相邻的两个所述密封配合部221之间的夹角为α，其中，0°＜α＜90°。
进一步的，多个所述密封配合部221按照所述调节板231的预设转动角度间隔设置。本实施例中设定所述调节板231的单次预设转动角度为15°，即α为15°，以15°为一个档位对所述后腔22进行体积划分，划分出6个档位，当进行档位变换时，所述控制装置发出指令给所述驱动部22，从而驱动所述调节板231旋转相应的角度，从而与对应档位的所述密封配合部221接触，形成密封环境，改变有效体积，在此实施例中，当所述调节板231旋转超过75°时，所述后腔22为全部连打通状态，此时有效体积即为所述后腔22自身的体积，此档位记为1档。当所述调节板231处在其初始的竖直状态时，与对应的所述密封配合部221接触时，此时对应的有效体积最小，记为6档。
需要说明的是，可以在所述调节板231的端部或者所述密封配合部221的端部设置橡胶件，以保证良好的密封效果。
不仅如此，多个所述密封配合部221包括靠近所述前腔21一端的限位部，所述限位部凸设于所述后腔22的内壁以限制所述调节板231的位移。防止由于所述驱动部的驱动力过大而使得所述调节板231超出预设的行程，造成档位定位不再准确，影响有效体积的智能调节。
本实施例中，所述调节板231的一端安装在所述后腔22一内壁的中部，多个所述密封配合部221分布在沿着所述调节板231的转动轨迹里所述后腔22相邻的两个内壁面上，其中一安装所述密封配合部221的内壁面与安装所述调节板231的内壁面对应设置。此时，可以设置多个所述密封配合部221的长度相 同，而所述调节板231的长度伸缩可调，或者设置多个所述密封配合部221的长度为沿着所述调节板231的转动轨迹依次增大，而所述调节板231的长度固定，以实现各档位状态下的密封配合。
更进一步的，所述发声装置100中的两个所述发声单元2，可以处于同一壳体内部，也可以分别安置在两个壳体中，本实施例中，两个所述发声单元2间隔的安装在同一壳体1内，且两个所述发声单元2的后腔22在该所述壳体1内的同一侧，均为背离用户耳部的一侧，发声单元2中的发声孔11是与所述前腔21连通的，从而使得两个所述发声单元2的发声孔11均向用户的一侧发声。
以下为所述控制装置中，所述处理器执行所述发声装置的校准程序中的发声装置的校准方法的步骤。
所述发声装置的校准方法包括以下步骤：
S10、获取两个所述发声单元2的频响参数；
S20、根据所述频响参数之间的差值，控制至少一所述发声单元2的调节装置23和/或输入电压，使得两个所述发声单元2的频响参数之间的差值在预设范围内。
本发明的技术方案中，所述发声装置100中包括两个发声单元2，由于两个所述发声单元2的出厂频响差异，造成二者的共振峰值和灵敏度具有差异，从而在所述发声装置100使用时影响消声效果，根据获得的两个所述发声单元2的频响参数，根据所述频响参数之间的差值，控制至少一所述发声单元2的调节装置23以对应调节发声单元2的后腔22体积，或者调节对应发声单元2的输入电压，或者同时调节后腔22体积和输入电压，使得两个所述发声单元2的频响参数之间的差值在预设范围内，以使得两个所述发声单元2的一致性更好，从而具有较好的远场消声效果，使得所述发声装置100能够获得较好的音质效果，提高用户的体验感。
并需要说明的是，该预设范围根据所需要达到的效果进行设定，例如，初始时，两个所述发声单元2之间的频响参数的差值为10％，设定二者之间的误差值为5％，这个时候可以根据需要将频响参数值较高的发声单元2向低调节，也可以反过来调节另一个，在此不做限制。
具体的，所述频响参数包括峰值频率和/或低谷阻抗；
获取两个所述发声单元2的频响参数的步骤，包括：
S11、在向两个所述发声单元2分别以额定电压播放扫频信号时，获取两个所述发声单元2返回的电流信号；
S12、根据所述额定电压和获取的两个电流信号，计算得到两个所述发声单元2的阻抗曲线；
S13、根据两个所述阻抗曲线得到两个所述发声单元2的峰值频率f
01、f
02、和/或两个所述发声单元的低谷阻抗Z
e1、Z
e2。
需要说明的是，请参照图6，该阻抗曲线图所标记的峰值频率f
0可以通过调整对应的发声单元2的后腔22的有效体积而进行调节，具体的，减小对应的所述发声单元2的有效体积，会增大峰值频率f
0，增大对应的所述发声单元2的有效体积，会降低峰值频率f
0。减小对应的所述发声单元2的输入电压，会使Z
e上移，增加对应的所述发声单元的输入电压会使Z
e下移。
进一步的，请参照图4，在一实施例中，所述频响参数包括峰值频率；
步骤S20包括：
S210、比较两个所述发声单元2的峰值频率f
01和峰值频率f
02，得到峰值频率差值；
S220、根据所述峰值频率差值，控制至少一所述发声单元2的调节装置23，使得两个所述发声单元2的峰值频率差值在预设范围内。
需要说明的是，此实施例中，根据峰值频率差值调节对应的所述发声单元2的后腔22的有效体积，此时仅改变两个发声单元2的峰值频率的一致性。
进一步的，步骤S220具体包括以下步骤：
S221、根据所述峰值频率差值以及预设映射关系，获得需要调整的所述发声单元2的有效后腔体积大小；
S222、根据获取的所述有效后腔体积大小，控制对应的所述驱动部22驱动所述调节板231活动，以调节对应的所述后腔22的有效体积。
需要说明的是，根据上述所述发声装置100中，所述调节板231与后腔22内壁的配合多个的实施例下，针对具体的实施例控制调节。
进一步的，本发明的所述发声装置100的一实施例中，所述后腔22的内壁设置在所述调节板231的转动轨迹上的多个密封配合部221，所述调节板231的另一端可活动至与其中一所述密封配合部221密封连接，以进行有效体积的调节，在此实施例下，多个所述密封配合部221分别对应多种有效体积的档位，步骤S223包括：
根据获取的所述有效后腔体积大小，确认满足该有效后腔体积大小所对应的密封配合部221；
控制对应的所述驱动部22驱动所述调节板231活动以与确认的所述密封配合部221密封配合，以完成所述后腔22的有效体积的调节。
需要说明的是，根据所述有效后腔体积大小可以确定其档位，从而确认该档位状态下所使用的密封配合部221，从而可以直接发出精准的转动角度范围的指令，控制调节的过程更加的简洁，减小误差。
进一步的，请参照图5，另一实施例中，所述频响参数包括低谷阻抗，此时步骤S20包括：
S230、比较两个所述发声单元2的低谷阻抗Z
e1和低谷阻抗Z
e2，得到低谷阻抗差值；
S240、根据所述低谷阻抗差值以及预设映射关系，控制至少一所述发声单元2的输入电压，使得两个所述发声单元2的低谷阻抗差值在预设范围内。
需要说明的是，此实施例中，根据低谷阻抗差值调节对应的所述发声单元2的输入电压大小，此时仅改变两个发声单元2的低谷阻抗的一致性。
进一步的，根据计算得到的两个所述发声单元2的阻抗曲线，可以对应各所述发声单元2的峰值频率f
01、低谷阻抗Z
e1和峰值频率f
02、低谷阻抗Z
e3，通过比较分别得到峰值频率差值和低谷阻抗差值，根据两个差值，对应调节所述发声单元2的后腔体积和/或输入电压。具体的，当同时需要控制调节装置23和输入电压的调节时，调节所述后腔22的有效体积的发声单元2和调节输入电压的发声单元2可以是同一个，也可以是两个，在此不做限制，需要根据实际差值和需要对远场消声效果的需求确定。
关于发声单元2远场消声可以通过调节峰值频率f
0和低谷阻抗Z
e的原理如下：
发声单体，以扬声器为例，扬声器的总阻抗Z
eM是加于音圈两端电压对流过音圈电流之比，其值由下式决定：
在w＝0时，总电阻抗Z
eM等于音圈直流电阻。随着频率升高，总阻抗在振动***的力学共振频率处产生最大值。也就是说，此时惯性阻抗等于支撑的顺性阻抗：
在这种情况下：
如果振动***的共振发声在低频区域，那么w
0L
e和R
MR项可以忽略，故式可简化为：
但是，由于
所以在角频率为w
0时，阻抗可近似为：
在更高的频率上，式中可忽略顺性抗和力学损耗，因为它们明显要比惯性抗小得多，于是：
在
的时候总阻抗近似等于直流电阻。
这个f
1频率被称为电力共振频率。此时阻抗就是扬声器的标称阻抗。通常，标称阻抗大约为直流阻抗的1.1～1.2倍，在更高的频率上，由于音圈电感的影响和***阻抗减小，总阻抗增大。
总阻抗Z
eM的频率特性如图6所示。图中的横坐标为频率，总左边为阻抗，该曲线最高点对应的频率即为f
0，调节后腔体积可以改变此参数，图中曲线过峰值后最低点对应的总阻抗为直流阻抗Z
e，调节输入电压可以调整此参数。
综上所述，发声单元的差异可以直观的体现在阻抗曲线上，而调节后腔体积及电压可以改变阻抗曲线中的f
0、Z
e，进而使两个发声单元的阻抗曲线对应一致以达到校准的效果。
需要说明的是，上述公式均出自于由广东科技出版社2007年出版的由俞锦元编著的《扬声器设计与制作》。
不仅如此，由于后腔22的有效体积可调整，在不考虑远场消声的情况下，两个所述发声单元2可调整为同相的模式，此状态下如果想获得较好的低频性能，可以将两个所述发声单元2的后腔22中的有效体积均调整至1档位，由于有效体积增大，会获得较好的低频体验。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是在本发明的发明构思下，利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构变换，或直接/间接运用在其他相关的技术领域均包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
Claims (10)
- 一种发声装置，其特征在于，包括：两个发声单元，各所述发声单元包括腔体、发声单体以及调节装置，所述发声单体设于所述腔体内将所述腔体间隔为前腔和后腔，所述调节装置包括调节板和驱动部，所述调节板的一端转动安装于所述后腔的一内壁，所述驱动部驱动所述调节板活动以调节所述后腔的有效体积。
- 如权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，各所述发声单元中，所述后腔的内壁在所述调节板的转动轨迹上设置多个密封配合部，所述调节板的另一端可活动至与其中一所述密封配合部密封连接。
- 如权利要求2所述的发声装置，其特征在于，多个所述密封配合部之间呈夹角设置，相邻的两个所述密封配合部之间的夹角为α，其中，0°＜α＜90°。
- 根据权利要求2或3所述的发声装置，其特征在于，多个所述密封配合部按照所述调节板的预设转动角度间隔设置。
- 根据权利要求2或3所述的发声装置，其特征在于，多个所述密封配合部包括靠近所述前腔一端的限位部，所述限位部凸设于所述后腔的内壁以限制所述调节板的位移。
- 一种发声装置的校准方法，其特征在于，所述发声装置包括两个发声单元，每一所述发声单元包括腔体、发声单体以及调节装置，所述发声单体设于所述腔体内将所述腔体间隔为前腔和后腔，所述调节装置包括调节板和驱动部，所述调节板的一端转动安装于所述后腔的一内壁，所述驱动部驱动所述调节板活动以调节所述后腔的有效体积，所述发声装置的校准方法包括以下步骤：获取两个所述发声单元的频响参数；根据所述频响参数之间的差值，控制至少一所述发声单元的调节装置和/或输入电压，使得两个所述发声单元的频响参数之间的差值在预设范围内。
- 如权利要求6所述的发声装置的校准方法，其特征在于，所述频响参数包括峰值频率和/或低谷阻抗；获取两个所述发声单元的频响参数的步骤，包括：在向两个所述发声单元分别以额定电压播放扫频信号时，获取两个所述发声单元返回的电流信号；根据所述额定电压和获取的两个电流信号，计算得到两个所述发声单元的阻抗曲线；根据两个所述阻抗曲线得到两个所述发声单元的峰值频率f 01、f 02、和/或两个所述发声单元的低谷阻抗Z e1、Z e2。
- 如权利要求6或7所述的发声装置的校准方法，其特征在于，所述频响参数包括峰值频率；根据所述频响参数之间的差值，控制至少一所述发声单元的调节装置和/或输入电压，使得两个所述发声单元的频响参数之间的差值在预设范围内的步骤，包括：比较两个所述发声单元的峰值频率f 01和峰值频率f 02，得到峰值频率差值；根据所述峰值频率差值，控制至少一所述发声单元的调节装置，使得两个所述发声单元的峰值频率差值在预设范围内。
- 如权利要求8所述的发声装置的校准方法，其特征在于，根据所述峰值频率差值，控制至少一所述发声单元的调节装置，使得两个所述发声单元的峰值频率差值在预设范围内的步骤，包括：根据所述峰值频率差值以及预设映射关系，获得需要调整的所述发声单元的有效后腔体积大小；根据获取的所述有效后腔体积大小，控制对应的所述驱动部驱动所述调节板活动，以调节对应的所述后腔的有效体积。
- 一种发声单元，其特征在于，包括腔体、发声单体以及调节装置，所述发声单体设于所述腔体内将所述腔体间隔为前腔和后腔，所述调节装置包括调节板和驱动部，所述调节板的一端转动安装于所述后腔的一内壁，所述驱动部驱动所述调节板活动以调节所述后腔的有效体积。
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