WO2023082358A1 - 一种电机结构 - Google Patents

一种电机结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023082358A1
WO2023082358A1 PCT/CN2021/133822 CN2021133822W WO2023082358A1 WO 2023082358 A1 WO2023082358 A1 WO 2023082358A1 CN 2021133822 W CN2021133822 W CN 2021133822W WO 2023082358 A1 WO2023082358 A1 WO 2023082358A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
iron core
motor
fan
die
rotor
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PCT/CN2021/133822
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵滟玺
赵振华
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赵滟玺
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Publication of WO2023082358A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023082358A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/006—Structural association of a motor or generator with the drive train of a motor vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of motor equipment, in particular to a motor structure.
  • Motor commonly known as “motor” refers to an electromagnetic device that realizes the conversion or transmission of electrical energy and mechanical energy according to the law of electromagnetic induction. It is mainly composed of stator, rotor, frame and accessories. Stator is an important part of motors such as generators and motors.
  • the stator is composed of a motor casing or a stator core fixture, a stator core, and a motor winding.
  • the rotor is composed of the rotor, the motor transmission shaft, the bearing and so on.
  • the main function of the stator core is to generate a rotating magnetic field after electrification or to generate an induced current in the winding through the rotating magnetic field generated by the rotation of the rotor, and the main function of the rotor is to generate torque in the rotating magnetic field of the stator core or through the rotation Generate a rotating magnetic field, its main function is to exchange between electrical energy and mechanical energy.
  • the existing motors waste electromagnetic copper wires, high copper loss, small single-interaction surface torque, small power generation, and local overheating of the motor, low efficiency of the motor, and reduced service life of the motor. Improvements are needed.
  • a motor structure including an externally fixed motor and an internally fixed motor, and both the externally fixed motor and the internally fixed motor include a stator core structure and a rotor structure;
  • the iron core structure includes a cylindrical iron core with an inner hole at the center of the axis.
  • motor winding holes, multiple die-casting fixing holes and multiple insertion fixing holes evenly distributed on the cylindrical iron core along its circumference.
  • the motor winding holes are arranged along the radial direction of the cylindrical iron core, the extension directions of the motor winding holes, the die-casting fixing holes and the insertion fixing holes are all along the axial direction of the cylindrical iron core, the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical iron core and the outer
  • the circumferential surface is provided with working gaps to form a working surface composed of several magnetic poles; each pair of motor winding holes is equipped with insulating and isolated winding coils, and the coils in multiple pairs of motor winding holes are connected together to form a motor winding.
  • Each pair of motor winding holes Alternately distributed with the fixing holes; one end of the cylindrical iron core is connected with the first fan-shaped iron core for covering the motor winding, and the other end of the cylindrical iron core is connected with the second fan-shaped iron core covering the motor winding.
  • Core, the first fan-shaped head core and the second fan-shaped head iron core are all provided with insulation isolation and inserted into the fixing hole to realize the connection with the cylindrical iron core.
  • a working gap is set between adjacent fan-shaped head core units, and the working
  • the inside of the gap is provided with a winding hole that fits the shape of the motor winding to form a working end face composed of several magnetic poles;
  • a placement slot along the circumference of the cylindrical iron core is provided, and the first fan-shaped head core and the second fan-shaped head iron core
  • the connection position is located in the placement groove, and the connection position is fixed by the cap head iron core installed in the placement groove.
  • the end of the cylindrical iron core connected to the second sector head iron core is provided with a guide wedge cap head iron core and an annular guide wedge.
  • the iron core is used for expansion and fixing when the iron core is connected;
  • the die-casting fixing holes at both ends of the cylindrical iron core are provided with isolation blocks for die-casting isolation, and some isolation blocks are provided with water pipe connectors, and each pair of motor winding holes
  • spacers are provided, and the spacer block and the spacer are nested and fixed to form a ring-shaped isolation.
  • the inner wall of the die-casting fixing hole is coated with an isolation coating;
  • the shaped iron core, the first fan-shaped head iron core, the second fan-shaped head iron core, the hat head iron core and the guide wedge hat head iron core are fixed by die-casting by injecting material into the die-casting fixing hole, and the die-casting fixing part is also a magnetic isolation area;
  • the rotor structure includes a T-shaped rotor and an end rotor with a cylindrical structure; the T-shaped rotor includes a working disc and a working cylinder, the first working surface is provided on the disk surface of the working disc, and the cylindrical surface of the working cylinder is provided with On the second working surface, the working disc covers the first fan-shaped iron core, and the working cylinder is inserted into the inner hole of the cylindrical iron core.
  • the surface and the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical iron core are the second interactive work surface;
  • the end rotor is sleeved on the outer circumference of the cylindrical iron core, the T-shaped rotor is fixedly connected with the end rotor, and the bottom surface of the end rotor is provided with a third working surface , there is a fourth working surface on the inner wall of the end rotor, the third working surface and the end surface of the second fan-shaped core are the third interactive work surface, and the fourth working surface and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical iron core are the fourth interactive work surface.
  • Work surface is sleeved on the outer circumference of the cylindrical iron core, the T-shaped rotor is fixedly connected with the end rotor, and the bottom surface of the end rotor is provided with a third working surface , there is a fourth working surface on the inner wall of the end rotor, the third working surface and the end surface of the second fan-shaped core are the third interactive work surface, and the fourth working surface and the outer peripheral surface
  • the external fixed motor also includes a motor casing, the stator core structure and the rotor structure are installed in the motor casing, the ports on both sides of the motor casing are respectively connected to the front end cover and the rear end cover, the motor shaft and the T-shaped rotor
  • the center hole key connection one end of the motor shaft is connected to the front end cover through the bearing, and the other end is connected to the rear end cover through the bearing.
  • the motor casing is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet, an outlet slot and a junction box, the junction box is provided with a connection terminal, and a heat dissipation water pipe is arranged in the die-casting fixing hole of the stator core structure, and the heat dissipation water pipe passes through the water pipe on the isolation block
  • the connectors are connected in series, the inlet and outlet pipes of the heat dissipation water pipe are connected to the heat dissipation water channel set in the motor casing, the heat dissipation water channel is connected to the water inlet and the water outlet, and the lead wires of the motor winding pass through the outlet slots and are connected to the terminals in the junction box;
  • the internal fixed motor also includes a fixed shaft and a fixed piece, the fixed piece is inserted into the inner hole of the cylindrical iron core, and the working cylinder of the T-shaped rotor is inserted into the gap reserved between the inner hole of the cylindrical iron core and the fixed piece; One end of the inner circumference of the cylindrical iron core close to the end rotor is fixed by injecting material into the die-casting fixing hole and fixed by die-casting of the fixing piece;
  • the fixed shaft is connected to the fixed shaft through the bearing; the fixed part is provided with an outlet slot, and the center of the fixed shaft is provided with a motor winding outlet hole, which is used for connecting the lead wire of the motor winding with the external wiring harness.
  • the placement groove is located on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical iron core
  • the die-casting fixing hole is located on the outside of the motor winding hole
  • the outer peripheral surface of the first fan-shaped head core and the outer peripheral surface of the second fan-shaped head iron core There are isolation blocks for die-casting isolation on each of them, and the isolation blocks are nested and fixed with the isolation bars to form a ring isolation.
  • the placement groove is located on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical iron core
  • the die-casting fixing hole is located on the inner side of the motor winding hole
  • the inner peripheral surface of the first fan-shaped head iron core and the inner peripheral surface of the second fan-shaped head iron core There are isolation blocks for die-casting isolation on each of them, and the isolation blocks are nested and fixed with the isolation bars to form a ring isolation.
  • the motor structure also includes a combination of a multi-stator structure and a multi-rotor structure.
  • the cylindrical core, the first fan-shaped core, the second fan-shaped core and the hat-head core together form a three-dimensional magnetic circuit structure with an axial, radial and omnidirectional magnetic field, making full use of the three-dimensional and omnidirectional electromagnetic field of the motor , the omni-directional magnetic field work also improves the saturation magnetic induction intensity.
  • a cooling water pipe is installed in the die-casting fixing hole of the stator core structure, which can reduce the local overheating of the traditional motor core.
  • Each coil of the motor winding is surrounded by the core.
  • each set of stator cores consists of several magnetic poles to form four axial and radial work surfaces.
  • the single-stator motor has four pairs of interactive work surfaces, and the double-stator motor has eight pairs of interactive work surfaces.
  • the planetary gear differential device built into the two T-shaped rotors is used as the transmission mechanism to directly connect the drive shaft of the wheel, which reduces the mechanical setting and mechanical loss of the vehicle, reduces the weight of the vehicle, and optimizes the vehicle space , to increase the cruising range of the vehicle.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded view of a motor fixed outside the magnetic circuit in the axial, radial, and omnidirectional directions of a single stator;
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of a fixed motor in a single-stator axial, radial, and omnidirectional magnetic circuit
  • Figure 3 is an exploded view of a dual-stator axial, radial, and omnidirectional magnetic circuit motor
  • Fig. 4 is the general assembly drawing of the stator core structure of the externally fixed motor
  • Figure 5 is an exploded view of the stator core structure of the externally fixed motor
  • Fig. 6 is the general assembly drawing of the stator core structure of the internally fixed motor
  • Figure 7 is an exploded view of the stator core structure of the internally fixed motor
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the cylindrical iron core with the die-casting fixing hole located outside the motor winding hole;
  • Fig. 9 is a front view structural diagram of a cylindrical iron core with a die-casting fixing hole located inside the motor winding hole;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the core with the die-casting fixing hole located outside the winding hole of the motor and the core with the annular guide wedge;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the core with the die-casting fixing hole located outside the motor winding hole;
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of an annular guide wedge iron core with a die-casting fixing hole located outside the motor winding hole;
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the core with the die-casting fixing hole located inside the motor winding hole and the annular guide wedge core;
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of an annular guide wedge iron core with a die-casting fixing hole located inside the motor winding hole;
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the guide wedge cap head iron core with the die-casting fixing hole located inside the motor winding hole;
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the first fan-shaped head core and the second fan-shaped head iron core
  • Fig. 17 is a split schematic diagram of a single fan-shaped head core unit
  • Figure 18 is a perspective view of a single T-shaped rotor
  • Figure 19 is a three-dimensional view of the combined relationship between two T-shaped rotors
  • Figure 20 is a perspective view of a single end rotor
  • Fig. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of a dual-stator axial, radial, and omnidirectional magnetic circuit motor;
  • Fig. 22 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of a motor fixed outside the magnetic circuit in the axial, radial, and omnidirectional directions of a single stator;
  • Fig. 23 is a cross-sectional view of the fixed motor structure in the axial, radial and omni-directional magnetic circuits of a single stator;
  • Figure 24 is a cross-sectional view of the stator core and motor winding structure of the externally fixed motor
  • Fig. 25 is a cross-sectional view of the stator core and motor winding structure of the internally fixed motor
  • Figure 26 is a schematic side view of the stator core, water pipes and isolation blocks of the externally fixed motor
  • Fig. 27 is a schematic front view of the motor housing of the externally fixed motor.
  • a single-stator axial radial omni-directional magnetic circuit external fixed motor as shown in Figures 1, 4, 5, 8, 10, 11, 12, includes a stator core structure 3 and a rotor structure; the stator core structure 3. It includes a cylindrical iron core 14 with an inner hole 24 at the center of the axis. On the cylindrical iron core 14, a plurality of pairs of motor winding holes 22, a plurality of die-casting fixing holes 21 and a plurality of insertion fixing holes are evenly distributed along its circumference.
  • Every pair of motor winding holes 22 are all arranged radially along the cylindrical iron core 14, and the extension directions of the motor winding holes 22, the die-casting fixing holes 21 and the insertion fixing holes 23 are all along the axial direction of the cylindrical iron core 14,
  • the die-casting fixing hole 21 is located on the outside of the motor winding hole 22, and the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the cylindrical iron core 14 are provided with working gaps to form a working surface composed of several magnetic poles; each pair of motor winding holes 22 is provided with insulation
  • the winding coils are isolated, and the coils in multiple pairs of motor winding holes 22 are connected together to form a motor winding 17, and each pair of motor winding holes 22 and fixed holes 23 are alternately distributed; one of the end faces of the cylindrical iron core 14 is connected for covering
  • the first fan-shaped head iron core 12 of the motor winding 17 is connected to the second fan-shaped head iron core 13 covering the motor winding 17 at the other end face of the cylindrical iron core 14, the first fan-shaped head iron core 12 and the second fan-shaped head
  • a working gap is set between adjacent fan-shaped head core units, and a winding hole that fits the shape of the motor winding 17 is set inside the working gap , forming a working end face composed of several magnetic poles; on the outer circumference of the cylindrical iron core 14, a placement groove 20 along its circumference is provided, and the connecting position of the first fan-shaped head iron core 12 and the second fan-shaped head iron core 13 is located at Placed in the slot 20, the connection position is limited by the hat head iron core 16 installed in the placement slot 20; in the actual production process, in order to facilitate installation and fixation, one end of the cylindrical iron core 14 connected to the second sector head iron core 13 Guide wedge cap head iron core 33 and annular guide wedge iron core 34 are set, guide wedge cap head iron core 33 is a single part, and annular guide wedge iron core 34 is a continuous integral part along the circumferential direction, from cylindrical iron core 14 After insulation is set in the circumferential direction, the fan-shaped head iron core laminations are laminated in the outer circumferential direction.
  • the iron core laminations composed of the first fan-shaped head iron core 12 and the second fan-shaped head iron core 13, as long as they can pass through the insertion hole , can be an uninterrupted whole piece structure, which is introduced and pressed and fixed by the guide wedge part of the annular guide wedge iron core 34.
  • the guide wedge cap head iron core 33 is wedged, and the guide wedge cap head iron
  • the top of the core 33 is fixed with the adjacent iron core again, an insulating plate is arranged between the cylindrical iron core 14 and the fan-shaped head iron core 12, 13, an insulating layer is set between the motor winding 17 and the iron core to isolate and the overall insulation potting is fixed;
  • the die-casting fixing holes 21 at both ends of the cylindrical iron core 14 are provided with isolation blocks 19 for die-casting isolation, part of the isolation blocks 19 are provided with water pipe connectors 39, and between each pair of motor winding holes 22 and the die-casting fixing holes 21 and
  • the working gap openings at the other ends of the die-casting fixing holes 21 are all provided with spacer strips 18, and the spacer blocks 19 and the spacer strips 18 are nested and fixed to form a ring-shaped isolation, which is sleeved on the outer circumferential surfaces of the fan-shaped head iron cores 12, 13.
  • the inner wall of die-casting fixing hole 21 is coated with isolation coating; Inject material into the fixing hole 21 and fix it by die-casting, and the fixed part of the die-casting is also the magnetic isolation area 29;
  • the stator core structure 3 is composed of several magnetic poles to form four working surfaces in the axial and radial directions, and the four working surfaces are respectively the first fan-shaped head iron
  • the rotor structure includes a T-shaped rotor 2 and an end rotor 5 of a cylindrical structure; the T-shaped rotor 2 includes a working disc 25 and a working cylinder 26.
  • the cylindrical surface of cylinder 26 is provided with second work face 27, and work disc 25 covers first fan-shaped head iron core 12, and work cylinder 26 inserts the inner hole 24 of cylindrical iron core 14;
  • the end face of the head iron core 12 is the first interactive working surface, the second working surface 27 and the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical iron core 14 are the second interactive working surface;
  • the end rotor 5 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the cylindrical iron core 14,
  • the T-shaped rotor 2 is fixedly connected with the end rotor 5; the bottom surface of the end rotor 5 is provided with a third working surface 31, and the inner wall of the end rotor 5 is provided with a fourth working surface 32; the third working surface 31 and the second fan-shaped head iron
  • the end surface of the core 13 is the third interaction work surface,
  • a magnetic isolation zone 29 is set between the first working surface 28 and the second working surface 27, and a magnetic isolation zone 29 is set between the third working surface 31 and the fourth working surface 32.
  • the mode that the magnetic isolation zone 29 adopts is that the first working surface 28 and the second working surface A non-magnetic material is provided between the two working surfaces 27 at a certain distance, and a non-magnetic material is provided between the third working surface 31 and the fourth working surface 32 at a certain distance.
  • the function of the magnetic isolation zone 29 is to reduce the hysteresis resistance.
  • the external fixed motor also includes a motor casing 4, the stator core structure 3 and the rotor structure are installed in the motor casing 4, and the end of the cylindrical iron core 14 that is far away from the end rotor 5 passes through the die-casting fixing hole 21
  • the injection material and the motor casing 4 are die-casted and fixed into one body.
  • the ports on both sides of the motor casing 4 are respectively connected to the front end cover 1 and the rear end cover 6.
  • the motor shaft 7 is keyed to the central hole 30 of the T-shaped rotor 2.
  • the motor shaft 7 One end of the motor is connected to the front end cover 1 through a bearing, and the other end is connected to the rear end cover 6 through a bearing; the motor casing 4 is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet, an outlet slot and a junction box, and the junction box is provided with a terminal.
  • the die-casting fixing hole 21 of the stator core structure 3 is provided with a heat dissipation water pipe 38, and the heat dissipation water pipe 38 is connected in series through the water pipe connector 39 on the isolation block 19.
  • the water channel connects the water inlet 35 and the water outlet 36, and the lead wire of the motor winding 17 passes through the wire outlet slot and is connected with the terminal in the junction box 37.
  • a fixed motor in a single stator axial, radial and omnidirectional magnetic circuit includes a stator core structure 3 and a rotor structure; the stator core structure 3. It includes a cylindrical iron core 14 with an inner hole 24 at the center of the axis. On the cylindrical iron core 14, a plurality of pairs of motor winding holes 22, a plurality of die-casting fixing holes 21 and a plurality of insertion fixing holes are evenly distributed along its circumference.
  • Every pair of motor winding holes 22 are all arranged radially along the cylindrical iron core 14, and the extension directions of the motor winding holes 22, the die-casting fixing holes 21 and the insertion fixing holes 23 are all along the axial direction of the cylindrical iron core 14,
  • the die-casting fixing hole 21 is located inside the motor winding hole 22, and the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the cylindrical iron core 14 are provided with working gaps to form a working surface composed of several magnetic poles; each pair of motor winding holes 22 is provided with insulation
  • the winding coils are isolated, and the coils in multiple pairs of motor winding holes 22 are connected together to form a motor winding 17, and each pair of motor winding holes 22 and fixed holes 23 are alternately distributed; one of the end faces of the cylindrical iron core 14 is connected for covering
  • the first fan-shaped head iron core 12 of the motor winding 17 is connected to the second fan-shaped head iron core 13 covering the motor winding 17 at the other end face of the cylindrical iron core 14, the first fan-shaped head iron core 12 and the second fan-shaped head iron core 13
  • a working gap is set between adjacent fan-shaped head core units, and a winding hole that fits the shape of the motor winding 17 is set inside the working gap , forming a working end face composed of several magnetic poles; on the inner circumference of the cylindrical iron core 14, there is a placement groove 20 along its circumference, and the connecting position of the first fan-shaped head iron core 12 and the second fan-shaped head iron core 13 is located at Placed in the slot 20, the connection position is limited by the hat head iron core 16 installed in the placement slot 20; in the actual production process, in order to facilitate installation and fixation, one end of the cylindrical iron core 14 connected to the second sector head iron core 13 Guide wedge cap head iron core 33 and annular guide wedge iron core 34 are set, guide wedge cap head iron core 33 is a single part, and annular guide wedge iron core 34 is a chain integral part along the circumferential direction, from the outside of cylindrical iron core 14 Insulation is set in the circumferential direction, and the fan-shaped head iron core laminations are laminated in the inner circumferential direction.
  • the iron core laminations composed of the first fan-shaped head iron core 12 and the second fan-shaped head iron core 13, as long as they can pass through the insertion hole , can be an uninterrupted whole piece structure, which is introduced and pressed and fixed by the guide wedge part of the annular guide wedge iron core 34.
  • the guide wedge cap head iron core 33 is wedged, and the guide wedge cap head iron
  • the top of the core 33 is fixed with the adjacent iron core again, an insulating plate is arranged between the cylindrical iron core 14 and the fan-shaped head iron core 12, 13, an insulating layer is set between the motor winding 17 and the iron core to isolate and the overall insulation potting is fixed;
  • the positions of the die-casting fixing holes 21 at both ends of the cylindrical iron core 14 are provided with isolation blocks 19 for die-casting isolation, and the working gap openings between each pair of motor winding holes 22 and the die-casting fixing holes 21 and the other end of the die-casting fixing holes 21 are provided with Spacer strip 18, the spacer block 19 and spacer strip 18 are nested and fixed to form a ring-shaped spacer, which is set on the inner circumferential surface of the fan-shaped head iron core 12, 13, and the inner wall of the die-casting fixing hole 21 is coated with a spacer coating;
  • the rotor structure includes a T-shaped rotor 2 and an end rotor 5 of a cylindrical structure; the T-shaped rotor 2 includes a working disc 25 and a working cylinder 26.
  • the cylindrical surface of cylinder 26 is provided with second work face 27, and work disc 25 covers first fan-shaped head iron core 12, and work cylinder 26 inserts the inner hole 24 of cylindrical iron core 14;
  • the end face of the head iron core 12 is the first interactive work surface, the second working surface 27 and the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical iron core 14 are the second interactive work surface;
  • the end rotor 5 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the cylindrical iron core 14,
  • the T-shaped rotor 2 is fixedly connected with the end rotor 5; the bottom surface of the end rotor 5 is provided with a third working surface 31, and the inner wall of the end rotor 5 is provided with a fourth working surface 32, and the third working surface 31 and the second fan-shaped head iron
  • the end surface of the core 13 is the third interaction work surface
  • a magnetic isolation zone 29 is set between the first working surface 28 and the second working surface 27, and a magnetic isolation zone 29 is set between the third working surface 31 and the fourth working surface 32.
  • the mode that the magnetic isolation zone 29 adopts is that the first working surface 28 and the second working surface
  • a non-magnetic material is provided between the two working surfaces 27 and a certain distance is provided, and a non-magnetic material is provided between the third working surface 31 and the fourth working surface 32 and a certain distance is provided.
  • the function of the magnetic isolation zone 29 is to reduce the hysteresis resistance.
  • the internally fixed motor also includes a fixed shaft 8 and a fixed piece 9, the fixed piece 9 is inserted into the inner hole 24 of the cylindrical iron core 14, and the working cylinder 26 of the T-shaped rotor 2 is inserted into the inner hole 24 of the cylindrical iron core 14 and In the gap reserved by the fixing part 9; the inner circumference of the cylindrical iron core 14 is close to the end of the end rotor 5 by injecting the fixing material into the die-casting fixing hole 21 and fixing the fixing part 9 into one; the fixing shaft 8 and the fixing part 9 Shaft center hole key connection; the center hole 30 of the end rotor 5 and the T-shaped rotor 2 is respectively connected with the fixed shaft 8 through the bearing; The lead wires are connected to the external wiring harness.
  • a double-stator axial radial omnidirectional magnetic circuit motor as shown in Figures 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 11, and 12, includes two sets of stator core structures 3 and two sets of rotor structures; each set
  • the stator core structure 3 includes a cylindrical iron core 14 with an inner hole 24 at the center of the axis.
  • the extension directions of the motor winding holes 22, the die-casting fixing holes 21 and the insertion fixing holes 23 are all along the cylindrical iron core 14.
  • the die-casting fixing hole 21 is located on the outside of the motor winding hole 22, and the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the cylindrical iron core 14 are provided with working gaps to form a working surface composed of several magnetic poles; each pair of motor winding holes 22 Insulated and isolated winding coils are arranged inside, and the coils in multiple pairs of motor winding holes 22 are connected together to form a motor winding 17, and each pair of motor winding holes 22 and fixed holes 23 are alternately distributed; on one of the end faces of the cylindrical iron core 14 Connect the first fan-shaped head iron core 12 for covering the motor winding 17, connect the second fan-shaped head iron core 13 covering the motor winding 17 at the other end face of the cylindrical iron core 14, the first fan-shaped head iron core 12 and the second The fan-shaped cores 13 are all provided with insulation isolation and inserted into the fixing hole 23 to realize the connection with the cylindrical core 14.
  • a working gap is set between adjacent fan-shaped core units, and a bonding motor winding 17 is arranged inside the working gap.
  • Shaped winding holes form a working end face composed of several magnetic poles; on the outer circumference of the cylindrical iron core 14, there is a placement groove 20 along its circumference, the first fan-shaped head iron core 12 and the second fan-shaped head iron core 13
  • the connection position is located in the placement groove 20, and the connection position is limited by the hat head iron core 16 installed in the placement groove 20; in the actual production process, in order to facilitate installation and fixing, the second fan-shaped head iron
  • One end of core 13 is provided with guide wedge cap head iron core 33 and annular guide wedge iron core 34, and guide wedge cap head iron core 33 is a single part, and annular guide wedge iron core 34 is a chain integral part along the circumferential direction, from cylindrical
  • the fan-shaped head iron core laminations are laminated toward the outer circumferential direction.
  • the iron core laminations composed of the first fan-shaped head iron core 12 and the second fan-shaped head iron core 13, as long as they can pass through the The part that enters the hole can be a whole piece of structure that is not broken. It is introduced and compressed by the guide wedge part of the annular guide wedge iron core 34.
  • the top of the wedge cap iron core 33 is fixed with the adjacent iron core, an insulating plate is arranged between the cylindrical iron core 14 and the fan-shaped iron core 12, 13, and an insulating layer is set between the motor winding 17 and the iron core to isolate and do overall insulation Potting and fixing;
  • the die-casting fixing holes 21 at both ends of the cylindrical iron core 14 are provided with isolation blocks 19 for die-casting isolation, and part of the isolation blocks 19 are provided with water pipe connectors 39, and each pair of motor winding holes 22 is connected to the die-casting fixing holes.
  • each set of stator core structure 3 consists of several magnetic poles to form four working surfaces in the axial and radial directions, and the four working surfaces are respectively
  • Each group of rotor structures includes a T-shaped rotor 2 and an end rotor 5 of a cylindrical structure;
  • the T-shaped rotor 2 includes a working disc 25 and a working cylinder 26, and the disc surface of the working disc 25 is provided with a first working surface 28 for working
  • the cylindrical surface of cylinder 26 is provided with second work face 27, and work disc 25 covers first fan-shaped head iron core 12, and work cylinder 26 inserts the inner hole 24 of cylindrical iron core 14;
  • the end face of the head iron core 12 is the first interactive working surface, the second working surface 27 and the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical iron core 14 are the second interactive working surface;
  • the end rotor 5 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the cylindrical iron core 14,
  • the T-shaped rotor 2 is fixedly connected with the end rotor 5;
  • the bottom surface of the end rotor 5 is provided with a third working surface 31, and the inner wall of the end rotor 5 is provided with a fourth working surface 32;
  • a magnetic isolation zone 29 is set between the first working surface 28 and the second working surface 27, and a magnetic isolation zone 29 is set between the third working surface 31 and the fourth working surface 32.
  • the mode that the magnetic isolation zone 29 adopts is that the first working surface 28 and the second working surface
  • a non-magnetic material is provided between the two working surfaces 27 at a certain distance, and a non-magnetic material is provided at a certain distance between the third working surface 31 and the fourth working surface 32.
  • the function of the magnetic isolation zone 29 is to reduce the hysteresis resistance.
  • the two end rotors 5 of the two groups of rotor structures are oppositely arranged, and the two T-shaped rotors 2 are symmetrically arranged, and the working discs 25 of the two T-shaped rotors 2 are connected and fixed; the two sets of stator core structures 3 are respectively installed on the two In one motor casing 4, two motor casings 4 are fixedly connected by bolts, one of the motor casings 4 is connected to the front end cover 1, and the other motor casing 4 is connected to the rear end cover 6; the two T-shaped rotors 2 A transmission mechanism is arranged in the central hole 30 .
  • Described transmission mechanism is motor shaft, and motor shaft is connected with the center hole 30 key of two T-shaped rotors 2, and one end of motor shaft is connected with front end cover 1 by bearing, and the other end is connected with rear end cover 6 by bearing.
  • the transmission mechanism is a planetary gear differential device 11, and the planetary gear differential device 11 is fixedly installed between two T-shaped rotors 2, and the connection of the two T-shaped rotors is sealed and connected by a sealing ring, and the interior is filled with lubricating oil.
  • the two ends of the planetary gear differential device 11 are respectively connected to two vehicle drive shafts 10, and the two vehicle drive shafts 10 pass through the center holes 30 of the two T-shaped rotors respectively, and the position where the vehicle drive shaft passes through the center holes passes through the sealing ring Sealing: on the working cylinder 26 of each T-shaped rotor, the connecting shaft 15 passing through the end rotor 5 is fixedly connected, one of the connecting shafts 15 is connected to the front end cover 1 through a bearing, and the other connecting shaft is connected to the rear end cover 6 through a bearing connect.
  • the planetary gear differential device 11 built into the two T-shaped rotors is used as the transmission mechanism to directly connect the drive shaft of the wheel, which reduces the mechanical setting and mechanical loss of the vehicle, reduces the weight of the vehicle, and optimizes the space of the vehicle. Increase the cruising range of the vehicle.
  • Each motor casing 4 is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet, an outlet slot and a junction box, and a junction box 37 is provided with a terminal, and a heat dissipation water pipe 38 is arranged in the die-casting fixing hole 21 of the stator core structure 3, and the heat dissipation water pipe 38 are connected in series through the water pipe connector 39 on the isolation block 19, the inlet and outlet pipes of the heat dissipation water pipe 38 are connected to the heat dissipation water channel provided in the motor casing 4, the heat dissipation water channel is connected to the water inlet 35 and the water outlet 36, and the lead wire of the motor winding 17 passes through The wire outlet groove is connected with the wiring terminal in the junction box 37.

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Abstract

本发明涉及电机设备技术领域，具体是指一种电机结构，包括电机定子铁芯结构和转子结构，所述电机定子铁芯结构包括轴心处设有内孔的圆柱形铁芯，在圆柱形铁芯上沿其周向均匀分布有多对电机绕组孔、多个铸造固定孔和多个置入固定孔，在圆柱形铁芯的其中一个端面连接用于覆盖电机绕组的第一扇形头铁芯，在圆柱形铁芯的另外一个端面连接覆盖电机绕组的第二扇形头铁芯；转子结构包括T形转子和筒形结构的端转子。单定子电机具有四对交互做功面，双定子电机具有八对交互做功面，定、转子的每个做功面两端还预留了隔磁区域，减少了磁滞干扰与损耗，实现了高转矩、高发电量，降低发热与损耗，提高电机效率，宜在各个适合领域推广使用。

Description

一种电机结构 技术领域
本发明涉及电机设备技术领域，具体是指一种电机结构。
背景技术
电机，俗称“马达”，是指依据电磁感应定律实现电能、机械能转换或传递的一种电磁装置。它主要是由定子、转子、机座及附件组成，定子是发电机和电动机等电机的重要组成部分。定子由电机壳或定子铁芯固定件、定子铁芯、电机绕组组成。转子由转子和电机传动轴、轴承等组成。定子铁芯的主要作用是通电后产生旋转磁场或是通过转子的转动产生的旋转磁场在绕组中产生感应电流，而转子的主要作用是在定子铁芯的旋转磁场中产生转矩或是通过转动产生旋转磁场，它的主要作用是在电能与机械能之间互换。
当电机运行时，在它的内部空间，以及电机绕组与铁芯所占的空间区域，存在着电磁场。而电机的性能，正是由电磁场在不同的媒质中的分布，变化，以及和电机绕组电流的互相作用决定的。现代科学已经证明，电机运行时内部是三维的电磁场，而现有的电机只有定子的内圆周面和转子的外圆周面交互做功，电机绕组两端还穿出定子铁芯裸露在外，仅利用了电机的部分电磁场。
综上所述，现有的电机存在浪费电磁铜线，铜损耗高，单交互面做功转矩小、发电量小，且电机还会产生局部过热，电机效率低，减少电机的使用寿命，因此需要进行改进。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供的技术方案为：一种电机结构，包括外固定电机和内固定电机，所述外固定电机和内固定电机均包括定子铁芯结构和转子结构；所述定子铁芯结构包括轴心处设有内孔的圆柱形铁芯，在圆柱形铁芯上沿其周向均匀分布有多对电机绕组孔、多个压铸固定孔和多个置入固定孔，每对电机绕组孔均沿圆柱形铁芯的径向设置，电机绕组孔、压铸固定孔和置入固定孔的延伸方向均沿圆柱形铁芯的轴向，圆柱形铁芯的内圆周面和外圆周面均设置工作间隙，形成由若干个磁极组成的做功面；每对电机绕组孔内均设置绝缘隔离缠绕线圈，多对电机绕组孔内的线圈连接在一起组成电机绕组，每对电机绕组孔和置入固定孔交替分布；在圆柱形铁芯的其中一个端面连接用于覆盖电机绕组的第一扇形头铁芯，在圆柱形铁芯的另外一个端面连接覆盖电机绕组的第二扇形头铁芯，第一扇形头铁芯和第二扇形头铁芯均设置绝缘隔离***置入固定孔实现与圆柱形铁芯的连接，相邻的扇形头铁芯单元之间设置工作间隙，并在工作间隙内部设置贴合电机绕组形状的绕组孔，形成由若干个磁极组成的做功端面；在圆柱形铁芯上设有沿其一周的放置槽，第一扇形头铁芯和第二扇形头铁芯的连接位置位于放置槽内，连接位置通过安装在放置槽内的帽头铁芯限位固定，在圆柱形铁芯连接第二扇形头铁芯的一端设置导楔帽头铁芯和环形导楔铁芯，用于铁芯连接时的胀紧固定；所述圆柱形铁芯两端的压铸固定孔位置设有用于压铸隔离的隔离块，部分隔离块上设有水管连接件，每对电机绕组孔与压铸固定孔之间以及压铸固定孔另一端的工作间隙开口均设置隔离条，所述隔离块与隔离条嵌套固定进而组成环状隔离，所述压铸固定孔内壁涂覆隔离涂层；圆柱形铁芯、第一扇形头铁芯、第二扇形头铁芯、帽头铁芯和导楔帽头铁芯通过在压铸固定孔内注入材料压铸固定，压铸固定部位同时也是隔磁区；
所述转子结构包括T形转子和筒形结构的端转子；所述T形转子包括工作圆盘和工作圆柱，工作圆盘的盘面上设有第一工作面，工作圆柱的柱面上设有第二工作面，工作圆盘覆盖第一扇形头铁芯，工作圆柱***圆柱形铁芯的内孔，第一工作面与第一扇形头铁芯的端面为第一交互做功面，第二工作面与圆柱形铁芯的内圆周面为第二交互做功面；端转子套在圆柱形铁芯的外圆周上，T形转子与端转子固定连接，端转子的底面上设有第三工作面，端转子的内壁上设有第四工作面，第三工作面与第二扇形头铁芯的端面为第三交互做功面，第四工作面与圆柱形铁芯的外圆周面为第四交互做功面；
所述外固定电机还包括电机壳，定子铁芯结构和转子结构均安装在电机壳内，电机壳的两侧端口上分别连接前端盖和后端盖，电机轴与T形转子的中心孔键连接，电机轴的一端通过轴承与前端盖连接，另一端通过轴承与后端盖连接，所述圆柱形铁芯外圆周远离端转子的一端通过在压铸固定孔内注入材料与电机壳压铸固定成为一体；
所述电机壳上设有进水口、出水口、出线槽和接线盒，接线盒内设有接线端子，在定子铁芯结构的压铸固定孔内设置散热水管，散热水管通过隔离块上的水管连接件串联，散热水管的进出水管再连接电机壳内设置的散热水道，散热水道连接进水口和出水口，电机绕组的引出线穿出出线槽并与接线盒内的接线端子连接；
所述内固定电机还包括固定轴和固定件，固定件***圆柱形铁芯的内孔中，T形转子的工作圆柱***圆柱形铁芯的内孔与固定件预留的空隙中；所述圆柱形铁芯的内圆周靠近端转子的一端通过在压铸固定孔中注入材料与固定件压铸固定成为一体；固定轴与固定件的轴心孔键连接；端转子和T形转子的中心孔分别通过轴承与固定轴连接；固定件设置出线槽，固定轴中心设置电机绕组出线孔，用于电机绕组的引出线与外接线束连接。
作为改进，所述放置槽位于圆柱形铁芯的外圆周面上，压铸固定孔位于电机绕组孔的外侧，第一扇形头铁芯的外圆周面上以及第二扇形头铁芯的外圆周面上均设有用于压铸隔离的隔离块，所述隔离块与隔离条嵌套固定进而组成环状隔离。
作为改进，所述放置槽位于圆柱形铁芯的内圆周面上，压铸固定孔位于电机绕组孔的内侧，第一扇形头铁芯的内圆周面上以及第二扇形头铁芯的内圆周面上均设有用于压铸隔离的隔离块，所述隔离块与隔离条嵌套固定进而组成环状隔离。
作为改进，所述电机结构还包括多定子结构与多转子结构的组合。
本发明与现有技术相比的优点在于：
1.圆柱形铁芯、第一扇形头铁芯、第二扇形头铁芯和帽头铁芯共同组成具有轴向径向全方向磁场的立体磁路结构，充分利用了电机三维全方向的电磁场，全方向的磁场做功也提高了饱和磁感应强度，同时在定子铁芯结构的压铸固定孔内设置散热水管，可以减少传统电机铁芯局部过热的现象，电机绕组的每个线圈均被铁芯环绕，不像传统电机一样外露，使得电机绕组线圈的每个边都成为有效边，节约电磁铜线，减少线圈铜耗和发热，定子、转子的每个做功面两端还预留了隔磁区域，减少了磁滞干扰与损耗，该电机提高了电磁转换效率，降低了发热和损耗，实现了节能、高效；
2.所述每组定子铁芯结构由若干个磁极组成了轴向和径向四个做功面，配合转子结构，单定子电机有四对交互做功面，双定子电机具有八对交互做功面，实现了高转矩，高发电量、高效能；
3.双定子电机用作车辆电机时使用两个T形转子内置的行星齿轮差速装置作为传动机构直接连接车轮的驱动轴，减少了车辆的机械设置和机械损耗，减轻车重，优化车辆空间，增加车辆的续航里程。
附图说明
图1为单定子轴向径向全方向磁路外固定电机***图；
图2为单定子轴向径向全方向磁路内固定电机***图；
图3为双定子轴向径向全方向磁路电机***图；
图4为外固定电机的定子铁芯结构总装图；
图5为外固定电机的定子铁芯结构***图；
图6为内固定电机的定子铁芯结构总装图；
图7为内固定电机的定子铁芯结构***图；
图8为压铸固定孔位于电机绕组孔外侧的圆柱形铁芯正视结构示意图；
图9为压铸固定孔位于电机绕组孔内侧的圆柱形铁芯正视结构示意图；
图10为压铸固定孔位于电机绕组孔外侧的导楔帽头铁芯与环形导楔铁芯连接示意图；
图11为压铸固定孔位于电机绕组孔外侧的导楔帽头铁芯示意图；
图12为压铸固定孔位于电机绕组孔外侧的环形导楔铁芯示意图；
图13为压铸固定孔位于电机绕组孔内侧的导楔帽头铁芯与环形导楔铁芯连接示意图；
图14为压铸固定孔位于电机绕组孔内侧的环形导楔铁芯示意图；
图15为压铸固定孔位于电机绕组孔内侧的导楔帽头铁芯示意图；
图16为第一扇形头铁芯与第二扇形头铁芯连接示意图；
图17为单个扇形头铁芯单元的分体示意图；
图18为单个T形转子立体图；
图19为两个T形转子组合关系立体图；
图20为单个端转子立体图；
图21为双定子轴向径向全方向磁路电机结构剖视图；
图22为单定子轴向径向全方向磁路外固定电机结构剖视图；
图23为单定子轴向径向全方向磁路内固定电机结构剖视图；
图24为外固定电机的定子铁芯与电机绕组结构剖视图；
图25为内固定电机的定子铁芯与电机绕组结构剖视图；
图26为外固定电机的定子铁芯、水管以及隔离块的侧面示意图；
图27为外固定电机电机壳的主视示意图。
如图所示：1、前端盖，2、T形转子，3、定子铁芯结构，4、电机壳，5、端转子，6、后端盖，7、电机轴，8、固定轴，9、固定件，10、车辆驱动轴，11、行星齿轮差速装置，12、第一扇形头铁芯，13、第二扇形头铁芯，14、圆柱形铁芯，15、连接轴，16、帽头铁芯，17、电机绕组，18、隔离条，19、隔离块，20、放置槽，21、压铸固定孔，22、电机绕组孔，23、置入固定孔，24、内孔，25、工作圆盘，26、工作圆柱，27、第二工作面，28、第一工作面，29、隔磁区，30、中心孔，31、第三工作面，32、第四工作面，33、导楔帽头铁芯，34、环形导楔铁芯，35、进水口，36、出水口，37、接线盒，38、散热水管，39、水管连接件。
具体实施方式
为能清楚说明本方案的技术特点，下面结合附图1-27，并通过具体实施方式，对本方案进行阐述。
实施例1：
一种单定子轴向径向全方向磁路外固定电机，如图1，4、5、8、10、11、12所示，包括定子铁芯结构3和转子结构；所述定子铁芯结构3包括轴心处设有内孔24的圆柱形铁芯14，在圆柱形铁芯14上沿其周向均匀分布有多对电机绕组孔22、多个压铸固定孔21和多个置入固定孔23，每对电机绕组孔22均沿圆柱形铁芯14的径向设置，电机绕组孔22、压铸固定孔21和置入固定孔23的延伸方向均沿圆柱形铁芯14的轴向，压铸固定孔21位于电机绕组孔22的外侧，圆柱形铁芯14的内圆周面和外圆周面均设置工作间隙，形成由若干个磁极组成的做功面；每对电机绕组孔22内均设置绝缘隔离缠绕线圈，多对电机绕组孔22内的线圈连接在一起组成电机绕组17，每对电机绕组孔22和置入固定孔23交替分布；在圆柱形铁芯14的其中一个端面连接用于覆盖电机绕组17的第一扇形头铁芯12，在圆柱形铁芯14的另外一个端面连接覆盖电机绕组17的第二扇形头铁芯13，第一扇形头铁芯12和第二扇形头铁芯13均设置绝缘隔离***置入固定孔23实现与圆柱形铁芯14的连接，相邻的扇形头铁芯单元之间设置工作间隙，并在工作间隙内部设置贴合电机绕组17形状的绕组孔，形成由若干个磁极组成的做功端面；在圆柱形铁芯14的外圆周上设有沿其一周的放置槽20，第一扇形头铁芯12和第二扇形头铁芯13的连接位置位于放置槽20内，连接位置通过安装在放置槽20内的帽头铁芯16限位；在实际生产过程中，为了便于安装固定，在圆柱形铁芯14连接第二扇形头铁芯13的一端设置导楔帽头铁芯33和环形导楔铁芯34，导楔帽头铁芯33为单个部件，环形导楔铁芯34为一个沿圆周方向的连环整体部件，从圆柱形铁芯14内圆周方向设置绝缘后向外圆周方向叠压扇形头铁芯叠片，第一扇形头铁芯12和第二扇形头铁芯13组成的铁芯叠片，只要是能穿过置入孔的部分，可以是不断开的整片结构，通过环形导楔铁芯34的导楔部位导入压紧固定，扇形头铁芯叠压完成后把导楔帽头铁芯33楔入，导楔帽头铁芯33顶端再和相邻铁芯固定，圆柱形铁芯14和扇形头铁芯12、13之间设置绝缘板，电机绕组17与铁芯之间设绝缘层隔离并做整体绝缘灌封固定；所述圆柱形铁芯14两端的压铸固定孔21位置设有用于压铸隔离的隔离块19，部分隔离块19上设有水管连接件39，每对电机绕组孔22与压铸固定孔21之间以及压铸固定孔21另一端的工作间隙开口均设置隔离条18，所述隔离块19与隔离条18嵌套固定进而组成环状隔离，套在扇形头铁芯12、13的外圆周面上，所述压铸固定孔21内壁涂覆隔离涂层；圆柱形铁芯14、第一扇形头铁芯12、第二扇形头铁芯13、帽头铁芯16和导楔帽头铁芯33通过在压铸固定孔21内注入材料压铸固定，压铸固定部位同时也是隔磁区29；定子铁芯结构3由若干个磁极组成了轴向和径向四个做功面，四个做功面分别为第一扇形头铁芯12做功端面、第二扇形头铁芯13做功端面、圆柱形铁芯14的内圆周做功面和圆柱形铁芯14的外圆周做功面；
所述转子结构包括T形转子2和筒形结构的端转子5；所述T形转子2包括工作圆盘25和工作圆柱 26，工作圆盘25的盘面上设有第一工作面28，工作圆柱26的柱面上设有第二工作面27，工作圆盘25覆盖第一扇形头铁芯12，工作圆柱26***圆柱形铁芯14的内孔24；第一工作面28与第一扇形头铁芯12的端面为第一交互做功面，第二工作面27与圆柱形铁芯14的内圆周面为第二交互做功面；端转子5套在圆柱形铁芯14的外圆周上，T形转子2与端转子5固定连接；端转子5的底面上设有第三工作面31，端转子5的内壁上设有第四工作面32；第三工作面31与第二扇形头铁芯13的端面为第三交互做功面，第四工作面32与圆柱形铁芯14的外圆周面为第四交互做功面。第一工作面28与第二工作面27之间设置隔磁区29，第三工作面31和第四工作面32之间设置隔磁区29，隔磁区29采用的方式是第一工作面28与第二工作面27之间设不导磁材料并间隔一定距离，第三工作面31和第四工作面32之间设不导磁材料并隔一定距离，隔磁区29的作用是减少磁滞阻力。
所述外固定电机还包括电机壳4，定子铁芯结构3和转子结构均安装在电机壳4内，圆柱形铁芯14外圆周远离端转子5的那一端通过在压铸固定孔21中注入材料与电机壳4压铸固定成为一体，电机壳4的两侧端口上分别连接前端盖1和后端盖6，电机轴7与T形转子2的中心孔30键连接，电机轴7的一端通过轴承与前端盖1连接，另一端通过轴承与后端盖6连接；在电机壳4上设有进水口、出水口、出线槽和接线盒，接线盒内设有接线端子，在定子铁芯结构3的压铸固定孔21内设置散热水管38，散热水管38通过隔离块19上的水管连接件39串联，散热水管38的进出水管再连接电机壳4内设置的散热水道，散热水道连接进水口35和出水口36，电机绕组17的引出线穿出出线槽并与接线盒37内的接线端子连接。
实施例2：
一种单定子轴向径向全方向磁路内固定电机，如图2、6、7、9、13、14、15所示，包括定子铁芯结构3和转子结构；所述定子铁芯结构3包括轴心处设有内孔24的圆柱形铁芯14，在圆柱形铁芯14上沿其周向均匀分布有多对电机绕组孔22、多个压铸固定孔21和多个置入固定孔23，每对电机绕组孔22均沿圆柱形铁芯14的径向设置，电机绕组孔22、压铸固定孔21和置入固定孔23的延伸方向均沿圆柱形铁芯14的轴向，压铸固定孔21位于电机绕组孔22的内侧，圆柱形铁芯14的内圆周面和外圆周面均设置工作间隙，形成由若干个磁极组成的做功面；每对电机绕组孔22内均设置绝缘隔离缠绕线圈，多对电机绕组孔22内的线圈连接在一起组成电机绕组17，每对电机绕组孔22和置入固定孔23交替分布；在圆柱形铁芯14的其中一个端面连接用于覆盖电机绕组17的第一扇形头铁芯12，在圆柱形铁芯14的另外一个端面连接覆盖电机绕组17的第二扇形头铁芯13，第一扇形头铁芯12和第二扇形头铁芯13均设置绝缘隔离***置入固定孔23实现与圆柱形铁芯14的连接，相邻的扇形头铁芯单元之间设置工作间隙，并在工作间隙内部设置贴合电机绕组17形状的绕组孔，形成由若干个磁极组成的做功端面；在圆柱形铁芯14的内圆周上设有沿其一周的放置槽20，第一扇形头铁芯12和第二扇形头铁芯13的连接位置位于放置槽20内，连接位置通过安装在放置槽20内的帽头铁芯16限位；在实际生产过程中，为了便于安装固定，在圆柱形铁芯14连接第二扇形头铁芯13的一端设置导楔帽头铁芯33和环形导楔铁芯34，导楔帽头铁芯33为单个部件，环形导楔铁芯34为一个沿圆周方向的连环整体部件，从圆柱形铁芯14外圆周方向设置绝缘隔离向内圆周方向叠压扇形头铁芯叠片，第一扇形头铁芯12和第二扇形头铁芯13组成的铁芯叠片，只要是能穿过置入孔的部分，可以是不断开的整片结构，通过环形导楔铁芯34的导楔部位导入压紧固定，扇形头铁芯叠压完成后把导楔帽头铁芯33楔入，导楔帽头铁芯33顶端再和相邻铁芯固定，圆柱形铁芯14和扇形头铁芯12、13之间设置绝缘板，电机绕组17与铁芯之间设绝缘层隔离并做整体绝缘灌封固定；所述圆柱形铁芯14两端的压铸固定孔21位置设有用于压铸隔离的隔离块19，每对电机绕组孔22与压铸固定孔21之间以及压铸固定孔21另一端的工作间隙开口均设置隔离条18，所述隔离块19与隔离条18嵌套固定进而组成环状隔离，套在扇形头铁芯12、13的内圆周面上，所述压铸固定孔21内壁涂覆隔离涂层；圆柱形铁芯14、第一扇形头铁芯12、第二扇形头铁芯13、帽头铁芯16和导楔帽头铁芯33通过在压铸固定孔21内注入固定材料压铸固定，压铸固定部位同时也是隔磁区29；定子铁芯结构3由若干个磁极组成了轴向和径向四个做功面，四个做功面分别为第一扇形头铁芯12做功端面、第二扇形头铁芯13做功端面、圆柱形铁芯14的内圆周做功面和圆柱形铁芯14的外圆周做功面。
所述转子结构包括T形转子2和筒形结构的端转子5；所述T形转子2包括工作圆盘25和工作圆柱26，工作圆盘25的盘面上设有第一工作面28，工作圆柱26的柱面上设有第二工作面27，工作圆盘25覆盖第一扇形头铁芯12，工作圆柱26***圆柱形铁芯14的内孔24；第一工作面28与第一扇形头铁芯12 的端面为第一交互做功面，第二工作面27与圆柱形铁芯14的内圆周面为第二交互做功面；端转子5套在圆柱形铁芯14的外圆周上，T形转子2与端转子5固定连接；端转子5的底面上设有第三工作面31，端转子5的内壁上设有第四工作面32，第三工作面31与第二扇形头铁芯13的端面为第三交互做功面，第四工作面32与圆柱形铁芯14的外圆周面为第四交互做功面。第一工作面28与第二工作面27之间设置隔磁区29，第三工作面31和第四工作面32之间设置隔磁区29，隔磁区29采用的方式是第一工作面28与第二工作面27之间设不导磁材料并间隔一定距离，第三工作面31和第四工作面32之间设不导磁材料并间隔一定距离，隔磁区29的作用是减少磁滞阻力。
所述的内固定电机还包括固定轴8和固定件9，固定件9***圆柱形铁芯14的内孔24中，T形转子2的工作圆柱26***圆柱形铁芯14的内孔24与固定件9预留的空隙中；圆柱形铁芯14的内圆周靠近端转子5的一端通过在压铸固定孔21中注入固定材料与固定件9压铸固定成为一体；固定轴8与固定件9的轴心孔键连接；端转子5和T形转子2的中心孔30分别通过轴承与固定轴8连接；固定件9设置出线槽，固定轴8中心设置电机绕组出线孔，用于电机绕组17的引出线与外接线束连接。
实施例3：
一种双定子轴向径向全方向磁路电机，如图3、4、5、8、10、11、12所示，包括两组定子铁芯结构3和两组转子结构；每组所述定子铁芯结构3包括轴心处设有内孔24的圆柱形铁芯14，在圆柱形铁芯14上沿其周向均匀分布有多对电机绕组孔22、多个压铸固定孔21和多个置入固定孔23，每对电机绕组孔22均沿圆柱形铁芯14的径向设置，电机绕组孔22、压铸固定孔21和置入固定孔23的延伸方向均沿圆柱形铁芯14的轴向，压铸固定孔21位于电机绕组孔22的外侧，圆柱形铁芯14的内圆周面和外圆周面均设置工作间隙，形成由若干个磁极组成的做功面；每对电机绕组孔22内均设置绝缘隔离缠绕线圈，多对电机绕组孔22内的线圈连接在一起组成电机绕组17，每对电机绕组孔22和置入固定孔23交替分布；在圆柱形铁芯14的其中一个端面连接用于覆盖电机绕组17的第一扇形头铁芯12，在圆柱形铁芯14的另外一个端面连接覆盖电机绕组17的第二扇形头铁芯13，第一扇形头铁芯12和第二扇形头铁芯13均设置绝缘隔离***置入固定孔23实现与圆柱形铁芯14的连接，相邻的扇形头铁芯单元之间设置工作间隙，并在工作间隙内部设置贴合电机绕组17形状的绕组孔，形成由若干个磁极组成的做功端面；在圆柱形铁芯14的外圆周上设有沿其一周的放置槽20，第一扇形头铁芯12和第二扇形头铁芯13的连接位置位于放置槽20内，连接位置通过安装在放置槽20内的帽头铁芯16限位；在实际生产过程中，为了便于安装固定，在圆柱形铁芯14连接第二扇形头铁芯13的一端设置导楔帽头铁芯33和环形导楔铁芯34，导楔帽头铁芯33为单个部件，环形导楔铁芯34为一个沿圆周方向的连环整体部件，从圆柱形铁芯14内圆周方向设置绝缘后向外圆周方向叠压扇形头铁芯叠片，第一扇形头铁芯12和第二扇形头铁芯13组成的铁芯叠片，只要是能穿过置入孔的部分，可以是不断开的整片结构，通过环形导楔铁芯34的导楔部位导入压紧固定，扇形头铁芯叠压完成后把导楔帽头铁芯33楔入，导楔帽头铁芯33顶端再和相邻铁芯固定，圆柱形铁芯14和扇形头铁芯12、13之间设置绝缘板，电机绕组17与铁芯之间设绝缘层隔离并做整体绝缘灌封固定；所述圆柱形铁芯14两端的压铸固定孔21位置设有用于压铸隔离的隔离块19，部分隔离块19上设有水管连接件39，每对电机绕组孔22与压铸固定孔21之间以及压铸固定孔21另一端的工作间隙开口均设置隔离条18，所述隔离块19与隔离条18嵌套固定进而组成环状隔离，套在扇形头铁芯12、13的外圆周面上，所述压铸固定孔21内壁涂覆隔离涂层；圆柱形铁芯14、第一扇形头铁芯12、第二扇形头铁芯13、帽头铁芯16和导楔帽头铁芯33通过在压铸固定孔21内注入材料压铸固定，压铸固定部位同时也是隔磁区29；每组定子铁芯结构3由若干个磁极组成了轴向和径向四个做功面，四个做功面分别为第一扇形头铁芯12做功端面、第二扇形头铁芯13做功端面、圆柱形铁芯14的内圆周做功面和圆柱形铁芯14的外圆周做功面；
每组转子结构包括T形转子2和筒形结构的端转子5；所述T形转子2包括工作圆盘25和工作圆柱26，工作圆盘25的盘面上设有第一工作面28，工作圆柱26的柱面上设有第二工作面27，工作圆盘25覆盖第一扇形头铁芯12，工作圆柱26***圆柱形铁芯14的内孔24；第一工作面28与第一扇形头铁芯12的端面为第一交互做功面，第二工作面27与圆柱形铁芯14的内圆周面为第二交互做功面；端转子5套在圆柱形铁芯14的外圆周上，T形转子2与端转子5固定连接；端转子5的底面上设有第三工作面31，端转子5的内壁上设有第四工作面32；第三工作面31与第二扇形头铁芯13的端面为第三交互做功面，第四工作面32与圆柱形铁芯14的外圆周面为第四交互做功面。第一工作面28与第二工作面27之间设置隔磁 区29，第三工作面31和第四工作面32之间设置隔磁区29，隔磁区29采用的方式是第一工作面28与第二工作面27之间设不导磁材料并间隔一定距离，第三工作面31和第四工作面32设不导磁材料并间隔一定距离，隔磁区29的作用是减少磁滞阻力。
两组转子结构的两个端转子5对向设置，其中的两个T形转子2对称设置，两个T形转子2的工作圆盘25连接固定；两组定子铁芯结构3分别安装在两个电机壳4内，两个电机壳4通过螺栓固定连接，其中一个电机壳4上连接前端盖1，另外一个电机壳4上连接后端盖6；两个T形转子2的中心孔30内设有传动机构。
所述传动机构为电机轴，电机轴与两个T形转子2的中心孔30键连接，电机轴的一端通过轴承与前端盖1连接，另一端通过轴承与后端盖6连接。
所述传动机构为行星齿轮差速装置11，行星齿轮差速装置11固定安装在两个T形转子2之间，两个T形转子的连接处通过密封环密封连接，内部加注润滑油，行星齿轮差速装置11的两端分别连接两个车辆驱动轴10，两个车辆驱动轴10分别经两个T形转子的中心孔30穿出，车辆驱动轴穿出中心孔的位置通过密封圈密封；在每个T形转子的工作圆柱26上均固接穿过端转子5的连接轴15，其中一个连接轴15通过轴承与前端盖1连接，另外一个连接轴通过轴承与后端盖6连接。双定子电机用作车辆电机时使用两个T形转子内置的行星齿轮差速装置11作为传动机构直接连接车轮的驱动轴，减少了车辆的机械设置和机械损耗，减轻车重，优化车辆空间，增加车辆的续航里程。
在每个电机壳4上设有进水口、出水口、出线槽和接线盒，接线盒37内设有接线端子，在定子铁芯结构3的压铸固定孔21内设置散热水管38，散热水管38通过隔离块19上的水管连接件39串联，散热水管38的进出水管再连接电机壳4内设置的散热水道，散热水道连接进水口35和出水口36，电机绕组17的引出线穿出出线槽并与接线盒37内的接线端子连接。
以上对本发明及其实施方式进行了描述，这种描述没有限制性，附图中所示的也只是本发明的实施方式之一，实际的结构并不局限于此。总而言之如果本领域的普通技术人员受其启示，在不脱离本发明创造宗旨的情况下，不经创造性的设计出与该技术方案相似的结构方式及实施例，均应属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种电机结构，其特征在于：包括外固定电机和内固定电机，所述外固定电机和内固定电机均包括定子铁芯结构(3)和转子结构；所述定子铁芯结构(3)包括轴心处设有内孔(24)的圆柱形铁芯(14)，在圆柱形铁芯(14)上沿其周向均匀分布有多对电机绕组孔(22)、多个压铸固定孔(21)和多个置入固定孔(23)，每对电机绕组孔(22)均沿圆柱形铁芯(14)的径向设置，电机绕组孔(22)、压铸固定孔(21)和置入固定孔(23)的延伸方向均沿圆柱形铁芯(14)的轴向，圆柱形铁芯(14)的内圆周面和外圆周面均设置工作间隙，形成由若干个磁极组成的做功面；每对电机绕组孔(22)内均设置绝缘隔离缠绕线圈，多对电机绕组孔(22)内的线圈连接在一起组成电机绕组(17)，每对电机绕组孔(22)和置入固定孔(23)交替分布；在圆柱形铁芯(14)的其中一个端面连接用于覆盖电机绕组(17)的第一扇形头铁芯(12)，在圆柱形铁芯(14)的另外一个端面连接覆盖电机绕组(17)的第二扇形头铁芯(13)，第一扇形头铁芯(12)和第二扇形头铁芯(13)均设置绝缘隔离***置入固定孔(23)实现与圆柱形铁芯(14)的连接，相邻的扇形头铁芯单元之间设置工作间隙，并在工作间隙内部设置贴合电机绕组(17)形状的绕组孔，形成由若干个磁极组成的做功端面；在圆柱形铁芯(14)上设有沿其一周的放置槽(20)，第一扇形头铁芯(12)和第二扇形头铁芯(13)的连接位置位于放置槽(20)内，连接位置通过安装在放置槽(20)内的帽头铁芯(16)限位固定，在圆柱形铁芯(14)连接第二扇形头铁芯(13)的一端设置导楔帽头铁芯(33)和环形导楔铁芯(34)，用于铁芯连接时的胀紧固定；所述圆柱形铁芯(14)两端的压铸固定孔(21)位置设有用于压铸隔离的隔离块(19)，部分隔离块(19)上设有水管连接件(39)，每对电机绕组孔(22)与压铸固定孔(21)之间以及压铸固定孔(21)另一端的工作间隙开口均设置隔离条(18)，所述隔离块(19)与隔离条(18)嵌套固定进而组成环状隔离，所述压铸固定孔(21)内壁涂覆隔离涂层；圆柱形铁芯(14)、第一扇形头铁芯(12)、第二扇形头铁芯(13)、帽头铁芯(16)和导楔帽头铁芯(33)通过在压铸固定孔(21)内注入材料压铸固定，压铸固定部位同时也是隔磁区(29)；
    所述转子结构包括T形转子(2)和筒形结构的端转子(5)；所述T形转子(2)包括工作圆盘(25)和工作圆柱(26)，工作圆盘(25)的盘面上设有第一工作面(28)，工作圆柱(26)的柱面上设有第二工作面(27)，工作圆盘(25)覆盖第一扇形头铁芯(12)，工作圆柱(26)***圆柱形铁芯(14)的内孔(24)，第一工作面(28)与第一扇形头铁芯(12)的端面为第一交互做功面，第二工作面(27)与圆柱形铁芯(14)的内圆周面为第二交互做功面；端转子(5)套在圆柱形铁芯(14)的外圆周上，T形转子(2)与端转子(5)固定连接，端转子(5)的底面上设有第三工作面(31)，端转子(5)的内壁上设有第四工作面(32)，第三工作面(31)与第二扇形头铁芯(13)的端面为第三交互做功面，第四工作面(32)与圆柱形铁芯(14)的外圆周面为第四交互做功面；
    所述外固定电机还包括电机壳(4)，定子铁芯结构(3)和转子结构均安装在电机壳(4)内，电机壳(4)的两侧端口上分别连接前端盖(1)和后端盖(6)，电机轴(7)与T形转子(2)的中心孔(30)键连接，电机轴(7)的一端通过轴承与前端盖(1)连接，另一端通过轴承与后端盖(6)连接，所述圆柱形铁芯(14)外圆周远离端转子(5)的一端通过在压铸固定孔(21)内注入材料与电机壳(4)压铸固定成为一体；
    所述内固定电机还包括固定轴(8)和固定件(9)，固定件(9)***圆柱形铁芯(14)的内孔(24)中，T形转子(2)的工作圆柱(26)***圆柱形铁芯(14)的内孔(24)与固定件(9)预留的空隙中；所述圆柱形铁芯(14)的内圆周靠近端转子(5)的一端通过在压铸固定孔(21)中注入材料与固定件(9)压铸固定成为一体；固定轴(8)与固定件(9)的轴心孔键连接；端转子(5)和T形转子(2)的中心孔(30)分别通过轴承与固定轴(8)连接；固定件(9)设置出线槽，固定轴(8)中心设置电机绕组出线孔，用于电机绕组(17)的引出线与外接线束连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种电机结构，其特征在于：所述放置槽(20)位于圆柱形铁芯(14)的外圆周面上，压铸固定孔(21)位于电机绕组孔(22)的外侧，第一扇形头铁芯(12)的外圆周面上以及第二扇形头铁芯(13)的外圆周面上均设有用于压铸隔离的隔离块(19)，所述隔离块(19)与隔离条(18)嵌套固定进而组成环状隔离。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种电机结构，其特征在于：所述放置槽(20)位于圆柱形铁芯(14)的内圆周面上，压铸固定孔(21)位于电机绕组孔(22)的内侧，第一扇形头铁芯(12)的内圆周面上以及第二扇形头铁芯(13)的内圆周面上均设有用于压铸隔离的隔离块(19)，所述隔离块(19)与隔离条(18) 嵌套固定进而组成环状隔离。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种电机结构，其特征在于：在电机壳(4)上设有进水口(35)、出水口(36)、出线槽和接线盒(37)，接线盒(37)内设有接线端子，在定子铁芯结构(3)的压铸固定孔(21)内设置散热水管(38)，散热水管(38)通过隔离块(19)上的水管连接件(39)串联，散热水管(38)的进出水管再连接电机壳(4)内设置的散热水道，散热水道连接进水口(35)和出水口(36)，电机绕组(17)的引出线穿出出线槽并与接线盒(37)内的接线端子连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种电机结构，其特征在于：所述电机结构还包括多定子结构与多转子结构的组合。
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