WO2023077379A1 - Engine cylinder head, engine and combustion system - Google Patents

Engine cylinder head, engine and combustion system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023077379A1
WO2023077379A1 PCT/CN2021/128788 CN2021128788W WO2023077379A1 WO 2023077379 A1 WO2023077379 A1 WO 2023077379A1 CN 2021128788 W CN2021128788 W CN 2021128788W WO 2023077379 A1 WO2023077379 A1 WO 2023077379A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylinder head
intake
exhaust
engine
engine cylinder
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/128788
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
***
余树翠
郭志杰
刘玉铭
伍德兴
王志高
孙祺翔
张贵强
奥利维拉
王瑞平
肖逸阁
Original Assignee
浙江吉利控股集团有限公司
义乌吉利动力总成有限公司
宁波吉利罗佑发动机零部件有限公司
极光湾科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司, 义乌吉利动力总成有限公司, 宁波吉利罗佑发动机零部件有限公司, 极光湾科技有限公司 filed Critical 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2021/128788 priority Critical patent/WO2023077379A1/en
Priority to CN202180104680.XA priority patent/CN118339374A/en
Publication of WO2023077379A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023077379A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • This article relates to but not limited to the field of engines, in particular but not limited to an engine cylinder head, engine and combustion system.
  • An engine cylinder head comprising a cylinder head body, the cylinder head body is provided with a combustion chamber, an intake passage and an exhaust passage, the intake passage includes a plenum chamber and a first intake passage, the first intake passage The gas channel communicates with the plenum chamber and the combustion chamber, and the exhaust channel communicates with the combustion chamber.
  • An engine includes: a cylinder block and an engine cylinder head, and the engine cylinder head is fixed on the cylinder block.
  • a combustion system comprising an engine intake assembly and an exhaust assembly, the intake assembly communicates with the intake passage of the engine cylinder head of the engine, and the exhaust assembly communicates with the exhaust gas of the engine cylinder head of the engine Channel connected.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the engine cylinder head of the embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional structural schematic diagram of the engine cylinder head of the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is another sectional structural schematic diagram of the engine cylinder head of the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the combustion system of the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a combustion system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an engine cylinder head 1, comprising a cylinder head body 11, the cylinder head body 11 is provided with a combustion chamber 12, an intake passage 13 and an exhaust passage 16, and the intake passage 13 includes a plenum 131 and a first intake passage 132 , the first intake passage 132 communicates with the plenum 131 and the combustion chamber 12 , and the exhaust passage 16 communicates with the combustion chamber 12 .
  • the intake passage 13 and the exhaust passage 16 in the cylinder head main body 11 are all communicated with the combustion chamber 12, and the air (or the mixture of air and exhaust gas) can enter the combustion chamber 12 through the intake passage 13, and in the combustion chamber 12 and The fuel is mixed and combusted, and the exhaust gas after combustion can be discharged through the exhaust passage 16 .
  • the intake passage 13 includes a plenum chamber 131.
  • the plenum chamber 131 is arranged in the engine cylinder head 1, which is beneficial to reduce the intake manifold.
  • the volume of 4 saves space while improving the stability of the intake air and helping to increase the EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) rate.
  • the first air intake passage 132 is inclined downward, and the angle between the first air intake passage 132 and the horizontal plane (referring to the angle of the first air intake passage 132
  • the included angle between the central axis and the horizontal plane, that is, the inclination angle (C) of the first air intake channel 132 is 10°-20°.
  • the inclination C of the first air intake channel 132 can be 12°, 14°, 15°, 17°, 19°, etc.
  • the first air intake channel 132 adopts a low inlet design, and the inclination C is designed to be 10°-20°, which is conducive to maintaining the flow state of the air or mixed gas after entering the combustion chamber 12, so that the airflow movement intensity in the combustion chamber 12 is maintained at a relatively high level. High level, high turbulence intensity in the combustion chamber 12 is achieved.
  • the included angle between the first air intake channel 132 and the horizontal plane is not limited to 10°-20°, and can be adjusted according to requirements in practical applications.
  • connection between the bottom of the plenum chamber 131 and the bottom of the first air intake passage 132 forms a protruding portion 133 that protrudes toward the inside of the air intake passage 13 , and the protruding portion 133
  • a sunken water guide groove 134 is provided on the top, and the water guide groove 134 is configured to guide the condensed water in the plenum chamber 131 to flow to the first air intake passage 132 .
  • the junction of the bottom of the plenum chamber 131 and the bottom of the first intake passage 132 forms a protruding portion 133 protruding toward the inside of the intake passage 13, and the protruding portion 133 can connect the bottom of the plenum chamber 131 and the first intake passage.
  • the bottom of the air passage 132 is smoothly connected, but when the exhaust gas during the EGR process contacts the low-temperature air or the inner wall of the intake passage 13 to generate condensed water, the setting of the protrusion 133 prevents the condensed water from flowing to the combustion chamber 12 to generate condensed water Or return the condensed water.
  • a sunken water guiding groove 134 is provided on the protruding portion 133, and the water guiding groove 134 can guide the condensed water in the plenum chamber 131 to flow to the first air intake passage 132, and then flow to the combustion chamber 12, so as to remove the condensed water through combustion. Therefore, the setting of the water guide groove 134 enables the condensed water generated by EGR to be quickly introduced into the combustion chamber 12 for burning and removed, so as to solve the problem of EGR condensed water storage or backflow.
  • the cylinder head main body 11 is also provided with an injector hole 14 for installing the injector 10 and a spark plug hole 15 for installing the spark plug 9, the injector Both the injector hole 14 and the spark plug hole 15 communicate with the combustion chamber 12 , and the fuel injector hole 14 is close to the intake passage 13 , and the spark plug hole 15 is close to the exhaust passage 16 .
  • the fuel injector hole 14 is close to the intake passage 13, and the spark plug hole 15 is close to the exhaust passage 16, that is, the fuel injector hole 14 and the spark plug hole 15 are along the transverse direction (that is, the direction from the intake side of the engine cylinder head 1 toward the exhaust side) ) arrangement, so that the injector 10 and the spark plug 9 are arranged transversely.
  • the end of the injector hole 14 away from the combustion chamber 12 is inclined to the side where the intake passage 13 is located, and the end of the spark plug hole 15 away from the combustion chamber 12 is inclined toward the exhaust passage.
  • the side on which 16 is located is inclined.
  • the included angle A between the central axis of the injector hole 14 and the vertical direction is no greater than 15°.
  • the included angle A can be: 3°, 5°, 8°, 10°, 12°, 14°, etc.
  • the included angle B between the central axis of the spark plug hole 15 and the vertical direction is not greater than 30°.
  • the included angle B can be: 3°, 5°, 7°, 9°, 10°, 12°, 15°, 18°, 20°, 22°, 25°, 28°, etc.
  • the fuel injector holes 14 are not limited to be arranged obliquely, but can also be arranged vertically, that is, the included angle A is 0;
  • a throat 135 is provided at the end of the first air intake passage 132 away from the plenum 131 , and the bottom surface of the first air intake passage 132 near the throat 135 faces downward.
  • the depression forms a fish-belly structure 136 , and the fish-belly structure 136 and the throat 135 are connected by a cut surface 137 tangent to the fish-belly structure 136 .
  • One end of the first air intake passage 132 communicates with the pressure stabilizing chamber 131, and the other end is provided with a throat 135, and the bottom surface of the first air intake passage 132 near the throat 135 is sunken downward to form a fish belly structure 136, the fish belly
  • the structure 136 and the throat 135 are connected by a cut surface 137 tangential to the belly structure 136 .
  • the setting of the fish belly structure 136 and the cutting surface 137 is beneficial to guide the air or the mixed gas to enter the combustion chamber 12 smoothly, and can strengthen the tumble flow in the combustion chamber 12 .
  • the inner wall of the combustion chamber 12 is provided with a drainage structure, and the drainage structure includes a first drainage structure 121 for introducing the gas of the first intake passage 132 into the combustion chamber 12 and a The second flow guide structure 122 is used to introduce the exhaust gas of the combustion chamber 12 into the exhaust passage 16 .
  • the first drainage structure 121 provided on the inner wall of the combustion chamber 12 is conducive to guiding the air or mixed gas in the intake passage 13 to enter the combustion chamber 12 smoothly
  • the second drainage structure 122 provided on the inner wall of the combustion chamber 12 is conducive to guiding the air after combustion.
  • the exhaust gas enters the exhaust passage 16 from the combustion chamber 12 smoothly.
  • the cylinder head main body 11 is provided with an intake valve seat 17 and an exhaust valve seat 18, and the intake valve seat 17 includes a first sealing fit for sealing with the intake valve.
  • the exhaust valve seat 18 includes a second sealing fit portion for sealing fit with the exhaust valve, and the first seal fit portion is higher than the second seal fit portion.
  • the inner wall surface of the first sealing fitting part of the intake valve seat 17 can be a tapered surface, so as to realize the sealing fit (line contact seal) with the intake valve;
  • the inner side wall surface of the second sealing fitting part of the exhaust valve seat 18 can be It is a tapered surface in order to achieve a sealing fit with the exhaust valve (line contact sealing).
  • the first sealing fitting part is higher than the second sealing fitting part, so that the center of the intake valve is higher than the center of the exhaust valve, which is conducive to guiding the air or mixed gas from the intake passage 13 to the combustion chamber 12 close to the intake valve.
  • One side of the center is further conducive to maintaining the flow state of the air or the mixed gas after entering the combustion chamber 12, so that the airflow movement intensity in the combustion chamber 12 is always maintained at a relatively high level, and high turbulent flow intensity in the combustion chamber 12 is realized.
  • the combustion chamber 12 is in an inverted V shape.
  • the combustion chamber 12 is in an inverted V shape (or roof shape), which is beneficial to direct the air or mixed gas to the center of the combustion chamber 12 through the inner wall of the combustion chamber 12 .
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides an engine, as shown in FIG. 4 , comprising: a cylinder block 2 and the engine cylinder head 1 provided in any one of the above embodiments, and the engine cylinder head 1 is fixed on the cylinder block 2 .
  • the engine adopts the combined technology of Miller cycle and high compression ratio (such as 13), adopts the strategy of delayed closing of the intake valve, realizes low speed and less intake, reduces pumping loss, and reduces the effective compression ratio.
  • the engine expansion ratio is greater than the actual compression ratio to achieve the purpose of reducing fuel consumption.
  • the engine can cooperate with the electric motor to form a hybrid engine assembly.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a combustion system, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, including the engine and air intake assembly provided by any of the above embodiments, the air intake assembly communicates with the air intake passage 13 of the engine cylinder head 1 of the engine .
  • the combustion system further includes a fuel injector 10 and a spark plug 9, the fuel injector 10 is mounted to the fuel injector hole 14 of the engine cylinder head 1, and the spark plug 9 is mounted to the engine cylinder head 1 The spark plug hole 15.
  • the injector hole 14 and the spark plug hole 15 are arranged along the transverse direction of the engine (that is, the direction from the intake side of the engine cylinder head 1 towards the exhaust side), so that the injector 10 and the spark plug 9 are arranged along the transverse direction of the engine, and
  • the fuel injector 10 is close to the intake passage 13 of the engine cylinder head 1
  • the spark plug 9 is close to the exhaust passage 16 of the engine cylinder head 1 .
  • the central axis of the injector 10 and the central axis of the injector hole 14 may coincide, and the angle between the central axis of the injector 10 and the vertical direction may not be greater than 15°.
  • the central axis of the spark plug 9 may coincide with the central axis of the spark plug hole 15, and the included angle between the central axis of the spark plug 9 and the vertical direction may not be greater than 30°.
  • the fuel injector 10 can adopt multi-hole and/or multiple high-pressure fuel injection strategies to form a richer mixed gas (formed by mixing fuel and air (or mixed gas)) at the center of the spark plug 9 to improve combustion stability.
  • the fuel injector 10 can adopt a fuel injection pressure of 350bar, and the increase of the fuel pressure can significantly reduce the diameter of the oil droplet particles, thereby effectively improving the atomization performance of the fuel, ensuring better mixing of the fuel and air (or mixed gas), and effectively Improve the combustion state of the engine and increase the combustion speed, which is conducive to improving thermal efficiency and reducing fuel consumption.
  • the intake assembly includes a throttle valve 3 and an intake manifold 4, the throttle valve 3 is vertically arranged, and the throttle valve 3 is integrated into the intake manifold 4, and further The gas manifold 4 communicates with the intake passage 13 .
  • the throttle valve 3 is vertically arranged and integrated into the intake manifold 4 to solve the problem of condensed water accumulation at high EGR rates (such as >20%), and at the same time reduce the gap between the throttle valve 3 and the intake manifold 4 Connectors reduce the number of parts and reduce costs.
  • the exhaust assembly includes a supercharger 6, the supercharger 6 includes a turbine, a pressure wheel and a connecting shaft, the turbine and the pressure wheel are connected through a connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft Higher than the intake port 61 of the turbine, the intake port 61 of the turbine communicates with the exhaust passage 16 of the engine cylinder head 1 , and the air outlet of the pressure wheel communicates with the intake manifold 4 .
  • the supercharger 6 is a turbocharger, which can use the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust passage 16 of the engine cylinder head 1 to drive the turbine to rotate, and the turbine then drives the pinch wheel to rotate, so that the air can be compressed by the pinch wheel before entering the intake manifold 4 .
  • the position of the connecting shaft of the turbine is higher than the position of the intake port 61 of the turbine, that is, the supercharger 6 adopts an upturned structure, which provides the arrangement of other components of the exhaust assembly while meeting the performance requirements of low-speed torque and high-speed power of the engine. enough space.
  • the combustion system further includes an EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) assembly
  • the EGR assembly includes an EGR pipeline 81, an EGR valve 82 and an EGR cooler 83, the EGR valve 82 and the EGR cooling
  • the EGR cooler 83 is connected through the EGR pipeline, and the EGR cooler 83 is provided with an EGR inlet 831.
  • One end of the EGR pipeline 81 is connected to the exhaust assembly, and the other end is connected to the intercooler 5, and the intercooler 5 is arranged on the air intake above manifold 4.
  • the supercharger 6 adopts an upturned structure, and the intercooler 5 is arranged above the intake manifold 4, which helps to shorten the length of the EGR pipeline 8 and reduce the height of the whole machine. Gas lag phenomenon, when the engine accelerates, the dynamic response performance is significantly improved.
  • the supercharger 6 adopts an upturned structure, which provides enough space for the arrangement of other components of the exhaust assembly and the EGR assembly, and realizes the innovation of the arrangement of the EGR assembly, which makes the whole machine layout compact and realizes rapid cooling of the exhaust gas of the engine And introduce the air intake components of the engine, thereby reducing the pumping loss, improving the combustion efficiency, reducing the heat dissipation loss, so that the fuel consumption of the engine is greatly reduced, and the emission of the engine is also greatly improved.
  • the intercooler 5 may be a water-cooled intercooler, and may be arranged in parallel above the intake manifold 4 .
  • the water-cooled intercooler is arranged parallel to the intake manifold 4, which greatly reduces the height of the whole machine, and at the same time saves the length of the intake pipeline, reduces the pumping loss of the combustion system, and improves the intake delay phenomenon.
  • the water-cooled intercooler has a small size, excellent cooling effect, and the coolant flow rate can be adjusted, so it reduces the influence of the vehicle's working conditions, improves cooling stability, and improves user experience.
  • due to lower intake air temperature, reduced pumping loss, and increased intake air volume it helps to increase engine torque, improve knocking, and reduce fuel consumption.
  • the intercooler 5 can be integrated into the EGR pipeline 8, so as to reduce the number of intermediate connections between the intercooler 5 and the EGR pipeline 8, reduce the number of parts, and reduce costs.
  • the exhaust assembly may further include an oxidation catalyst and a GPF (Gasoline Particulate Filter, particle trap), and the oxidation catalyst may oxidize CO (carbon monoxide) or HC (hydrocarbons) in the exhaust gas into CO 2 (Carbon Dioxide) or H 2 O (Water), GPF is a filter that captures particulate emissions from the exhaust to remove harmful substances from the exhaust.
  • GPF Gasoline Particulate Filter, particle trap
  • the EGR component adopts low-pressure EGR technology.
  • the intake position of the exhaust gas is behind the GPF, and the intake position of the exhaust gas is in front of the pressure wheel. It can achieve a high EGR rate (such as > 20%), and realize that the exhaust gas discharged from the engine is cooled and accurately introduced into the engine.
  • the combustion chamber 12 participates in the combustion of fuel, thereby fully improving the combustion thermal efficiency, reducing fuel consumption, and greatly improving engine emissions.
  • a fuel injector with a fuel injection pressure of 350bar is used. Higher fuel pressure can effectively improve fuel atomization performance, resulting in better mixing of fuel and gas and larger injection volume, which makes fuel evaporate faster. Better; at the same time, more aggressive calibration strategies can be used to optimize the various working conditions of the engine, so as to improve the overall power and economy of the engine and effectively improve the emission performance.
  • the low-inclination first air intake channel combined with the drainage structure on the inner wall of the combustion chamber, enables the airflow entering from the upper part of the intake valve to enter the combustion chamber along the inner wall of the combustion chamber and the wall of the exhaust valve, which is conducive to the flow of air after entering the combustion chamber
  • the maintenance of the state keeps the airflow movement intensity in the combustion chamber at a high level, ensures the mixing of combustion and air, and realizes high tumble flow in the combustion chamber, thereby effectively increasing the combustion speed of the engine, improving thermal efficiency, and reducing fuel consumption.
  • the design of the "upturned" supercharger has a compact structure, which provides enough space for the arrangement of other components of the exhaust assembly and EGR components under the condition of ensuring the performance of the supercharger, so as to achieve a high EGR rate and reduce the Fuel consumption and significantly improved engine emissions.
  • the pressure-stabilizing cavity structure of the intake manifold and engine cylinder head improves the intake stability of the combustion system with high EGR rate.
  • the arrangement of the intercooler, throttle valve, intake manifold and the special water guide groove design of the intake channel of the engine cylinder head solve the problem of EGR condensation water retention.
  • the integrated design of the throttle valve reduces the intermediate connecting parts, and the layout is simple and compact, which solves the problem of water accumulation caused by high EGR rate while reducing the cost of the engine.
  • the water-cooled intercooler has small volume, outstanding cooling effect, and high cooling stability, and is not easily affected by the operating conditions of the whole vehicle; at the same time, due to the lower intake air temperature, the pump air loss is reduced and the intake air volume is increased, which contributes to Increase engine torque, improve detonation, and reduce fuel consumption.
  • the combustion system of the embodiment of the present application has been verified by test results that the highest thermal efficiency reaches >41%, and can be applied to vehicles with hybrid technology.
  • the high-efficiency combustion system of the embodiment of the present application through the compact structure design, saves the layout space of the whole machine, reduces the number of parts, and achieves a high tumble flow ratio of the intake air and a high EGR rate of the exhaust gas (such as > 20%), and solve the problems of condensed water caused by high EGR rate, and the whole machine has high thermal efficiency (such as >41%).
  • connection can be a fixed connection or an optional Detachable connection, or integral connection; may be directly connected, may also be indirectly connected through an intermediary, or may be internal communication of two elements.
  • connection can be a fixed connection or an optional Detachable connection, or integral connection; may be directly connected, may also be indirectly connected through an intermediary, or may be internal communication of two elements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

An engine cylinder head, comprising a cylinder head body, wherein the cylinder head body is provided with a combustion chamber, an air intake channel and an air exhaust channel. The air intake channel comprises a pressure-stabilising cavity and a first air intake channel. The first air intake channel is in communication with the pressure-stabilising cavity and the combustion chamber, and the air exhaust channel is in communication with the combustion chamber.

Description

一种发动机缸盖、发动机和燃烧***Engine cylinder head, engine and combustion system 技术领域technical field
本文涉及但不限于发动机领域，特别涉及但不限于一种发动机缸盖、发动机和燃烧***。This article relates to but not limited to the field of engines, in particular but not limited to an engine cylinder head, engine and combustion system.
背景技术Background technique
随着油耗排放法规日益严苛及混合动力技术的推广，越来越多主机厂面向开发混动专用汽油机，以便实现更低油耗、更低排放、更高性能和更好的驾驶性，高效、紧凑的燃烧***的设计就显得尤为重要。With the increasingly stringent fuel consumption and emission regulations and the promotion of hybrid technology, more and more OEMs are aiming to develop hybrid gasoline engines in order to achieve lower fuel consumption, lower emissions, higher performance and better drivability, high efficiency, The design of compact combustion system is particularly important.
发明概述Summary of the invention
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。The following is an overview of the topics described in detail in this article. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.
一种发动机缸盖，包括缸盖主体，所述缸盖主体设有燃烧室、进气通道和排气通道，所述进气通道包括稳压腔和第一进气通道，所述第一进气通道连通所述稳压腔和所述燃烧室，所述排气通道与所述燃烧室连通。An engine cylinder head, comprising a cylinder head body, the cylinder head body is provided with a combustion chamber, an intake passage and an exhaust passage, the intake passage includes a plenum chamber and a first intake passage, the first intake passage The gas channel communicates with the plenum chamber and the combustion chamber, and the exhaust channel communicates with the combustion chamber.
一种发动机，包括：缸体和发动机缸盖，所述发动机缸盖固定在所述缸体上。An engine includes: a cylinder block and an engine cylinder head, and the engine cylinder head is fixed on the cylinder block.
一种燃烧***，包括发动机进气组件和排气组件，所述进气组件与所述发动机的发动机缸盖的进气通道连通，所述排气组件与所述发动机的发动机缸盖的排气通道连通。A combustion system, comprising an engine intake assembly and an exhaust assembly, the intake assembly communicates with the intake passage of the engine cylinder head of the engine, and the exhaust assembly communicates with the exhaust gas of the engine cylinder head of the engine Channel connected.
在阅读并理解了附图和详细描述后，可以明白其他方面。Other aspects will be apparent to others upon reading and understanding the drawings and detailed description.
附图概述Figure overview
附图用来提供对本文技术方案的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本申请的实施例一起用于解释本文的技术方案，并不构成对本文技术方案的限制。The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solutions herein, and constitute a part of the description, and are used together with the embodiments of the application to explain the technical solutions herein, and do not constitute limitations to the technical solutions herein.
图1为本申请实施例的发动机缸盖的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the engine cylinder head of the embodiment of the present application;
图2为本申请实施例的发动机缸盖的一剖视结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a sectional structural schematic diagram of the engine cylinder head of the embodiment of the present application;
图3为本申请实施例的发动机缸盖的另一剖视结构示意图；Fig. 3 is another sectional structural schematic diagram of the engine cylinder head of the embodiment of the present application;
图4为本申请实施例的燃烧***的结构示意图；Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the combustion system of the embodiment of the present application;
图5为本申请实施例的燃烧***的局部结构示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a combustion system according to an embodiment of the present application.
其中，图1至图5中附图标记与部件名称之间的对应关系为：Wherein, the corresponding relationship between reference numerals and component names in Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 is:
1-发动机缸盖，11-缸盖主体，12-燃烧室，121-第一引流结构，122-第二引流结构，13-进气通道，131-稳压腔，132-第一进气通道，133-凸出部，134-导水槽，135-喉口，136-鱼腹结构，137-切面，14-喷油器孔，15-火花塞孔，16-排气通道，17-进气门阀座，18-排气门阀座，1-engine cylinder head, 11-cylinder head body, 12-combustion chamber, 121-first drainage structure, 122-second drainage structure, 13-intake channel, 131-stabilizing chamber, 132-first intake channel , 133-bulge, 134-water guide groove, 135-throat, 136-fish belly structure, 137-section, 14-injector hole, 15-spark plug hole, 16-exhaust channel, 17-intake valve seat, 18-exhaust valve seat,
2-缸体，3-节气门，4-进气歧管，5-中冷器，6-增压器，61-涡轮的进气口，81-EGR管路，82-EGR阀，83-EGR冷却器，831-EGR进气口，9-火花塞，10-喷油器。2-cylinder block, 3-throttle valve, 4-intake manifold, 5-intercooler, 6-supercharger, 61-turbo intake port, 81-EGR pipeline, 82-EGR valve, 83- EGR cooler, 831-EGR intake port, 9-spark plug, 10-injector.
详述detail
下文中将结合附图对本申请的实施例进行说明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。Embodiments of the application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined arbitrarily with each other.
针对高热效率(如41％以上热效率)的燃烧***，在不影响动力性前提下，如何提高发动机的热效率，降低油耗，可从以下几方面进行考虑：提高发动机缸内滚流，进而提高缸内燃烧速度；发动机采用高压缩比，并充分考虑爆震或早燃(Pre-ignition)问题；对有外部EGR(Exhaust Gas Recirculation，废气再循环)***的发动机，提高EGR容忍度，提高EGR率(>20％)等。因此，整个燃烧***的设计，必须将各种技术优缺点充分了解并进行整合，扬长避短，不仅考虑发动机性能，同时也要考虑布置的合理性和量产的可行性。For combustion systems with high thermal efficiency (such as thermal efficiency above 41%), how to improve the thermal efficiency of the engine and reduce fuel consumption without affecting the power performance can be considered from the following aspects: increase the tumble flow in the cylinder of the engine, and then improve the fuel consumption in the cylinder. Combustion speed; the engine adopts a high compression ratio, and fully considers the knock or pre-ignition (Pre-ignition) problems; for the engine with an external EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation, exhaust gas recirculation) system, increase the EGR tolerance and increase the EGR rate ( >20%) etc. Therefore, the design of the entire combustion system must fully understand and integrate the advantages and disadvantages of various technologies, maximize strengths and avoid weaknesses, not only considering engine performance, but also considering the rationality of layout and the feasibility of mass production.
如图1-图3所示，本申请实施例提供一种发动机缸盖1，包括缸盖主体11，缸盖主体11设有燃烧室12、进气通道13和排气通道16，进气通道13包括稳压腔131和第一进气通道132，第一进气通道132连通稳压腔131和燃烧室12，排气通道16与燃烧室12连通。As shown in Figures 1-3, the embodiment of the present application provides an engine cylinder head 1, comprising a cylinder head body 11, the cylinder head body 11 is provided with a combustion chamber 12, an intake passage 13 and an exhaust passage 16, and the intake passage 13 includes a plenum 131 and a first intake passage 132 , the first intake passage 132 communicates with the plenum 131 and the combustion chamber 12 , and the exhaust passage 16 communicates with the combustion chamber 12 .
缸盖主体11内的进气通道13和排气通道16均与燃烧室12连通，空气(或空气与废气的混合气体)可通过进气通道13进入燃烧室12，并在燃烧室12内与燃油混合发生燃烧，燃烧后的废气可通过排气通道16排出。The intake passage 13 and the exhaust passage 16 in the cylinder head main body 11 are all communicated with the combustion chamber 12, and the air (or the mixture of air and exhaust gas) can enter the combustion chamber 12 through the intake passage 13, and in the combustion chamber 12 and The fuel is mixed and combusted, and the exhaust gas after combustion can be discharged through the exhaust passage 16 .
进气通道13包括稳压腔131，与将稳压腔131设置在进气歧管4内的方案相比，将稳压腔131设置在发动机缸盖1内，有利于减小进气歧管4的体积，节省空间的同时，提高进气的稳定性，有助于提高EGR(废气再循环)率。The intake passage 13 includes a plenum chamber 131. Compared with the scheme of arranging the plenum chamber 131 in the intake manifold 4, the plenum chamber 131 is arranged in the engine cylinder head 1, which is beneficial to reduce the intake manifold. The volume of 4 saves space while improving the stability of the intake air and helping to increase the EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) rate.
一些示例性实施例中，如图2所示，沿着气体的流动方向，第一进气通道132向下倾斜，第一进气通道132与水平面的夹角(指第一进气通道132的中心轴线与水平面的夹角，即第一进气通道132的倾角)C为10°-20°。如：第一进气通道132的倾角C可为12°、14°、15°、17°、19°等。In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2 , along the flow direction of the gas, the first air intake passage 132 is inclined downward, and the angle between the first air intake passage 132 and the horizontal plane (referring to the angle of the first air intake passage 132 The included angle between the central axis and the horizontal plane, that is, the inclination angle (C) of the first air intake channel 132 is 10°-20°. For example, the inclination C of the first air intake channel 132 can be 12°, 14°, 15°, 17°, 19°, etc.
第一进气通道132采用低入口设计，倾角C设计为10°-20°，有利于空气或混合气体进入燃烧室12之后流动状态的保持，使燃烧室12内的气流运动强度一直维持在较高水平，实现燃烧室12内高湍流强度。The first air intake channel 132 adopts a low inlet design, and the inclination C is designed to be 10°-20°, which is conducive to maintaining the flow state of the air or mixed gas after entering the combustion chamber 12, so that the airflow movement intensity in the combustion chamber 12 is maintained at a relatively high level. High level, high turbulence intensity in the combustion chamber 12 is achieved.
应当理解，第一进气通道132与水平面的夹角不限于10°-20°，在实际应用中，可根据需要进行调整。It should be understood that the included angle between the first air intake channel 132 and the horizontal plane is not limited to 10°-20°, and can be adjusted according to requirements in practical applications.
一些示例性实施例中，如图3所示，稳压腔131的底部和第一进气通道132的底部的连接处形成向进气通道13内侧凸出的凸出部133，凸出部133上设有凹陷的导水槽134，导水槽134设置成引导稳压腔131的冷凝水流向第一进气通道132。In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3 , the connection between the bottom of the plenum chamber 131 and the bottom of the first air intake passage 132 forms a protruding portion 133 that protrudes toward the inside of the air intake passage 13 , and the protruding portion 133 A sunken water guide groove 134 is provided on the top, and the water guide groove 134 is configured to guide the condensed water in the plenum chamber 131 to flow to the first air intake passage 132 .
稳压腔131的底部和第一进气通道132的底部的连接处形成向进气通道13内侧凸出的凸出部133，该凸出部133可将稳压腔131的底部和第一进气通道132的底部平滑连接，但是，当EGR过程中的废气接触低温空气或进气通道13的内壁面而产生冷凝水时，凸出部133的设置阻挡冷凝水流向燃烧室12产生冷凝存水或者使冷凝水回流。在凸出部133上设有凹陷的导水槽134，导水槽134可引导稳压腔131的冷凝水流向第一进气通道132，进而流向燃烧室12，以便燃烧去除冷凝水。因此，导水槽134的设置，使得EGR产生的冷凝水能快速引入燃烧室12燃烧去除，解决EGR冷凝存水或回流的问题。The junction of the bottom of the plenum chamber 131 and the bottom of the first intake passage 132 forms a protruding portion 133 protruding toward the inside of the intake passage 13, and the protruding portion 133 can connect the bottom of the plenum chamber 131 and the first intake passage. The bottom of the air passage 132 is smoothly connected, but when the exhaust gas during the EGR process contacts the low-temperature air or the inner wall of the intake passage 13 to generate condensed water, the setting of the protrusion 133 prevents the condensed water from flowing to the combustion chamber 12 to generate condensed water Or return the condensed water. A sunken water guiding groove 134 is provided on the protruding portion 133, and the water guiding groove 134 can guide the condensed water in the plenum chamber 131 to flow to the first air intake passage 132, and then flow to the combustion chamber 12, so as to remove the condensed water through combustion. Therefore, the setting of the water guide groove 134 enables the condensed water generated by EGR to be quickly introduced into the combustion chamber 12 for burning and removed, so as to solve the problem of EGR condensed water storage or backflow.
一些示例性实施例中，如图1、图3和图5所示，缸盖主体11还设有用 于安装喷油器10的喷油器孔14和用于安装火花塞9的火花塞孔15，喷油器孔14和火花塞孔15均与燃烧室12连通，且喷油器孔14靠近进气通道13，火花塞孔15靠近排气通道16。In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in Fig. 1 , Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 , the cylinder head main body 11 is also provided with an injector hole 14 for installing the injector 10 and a spark plug hole 15 for installing the spark plug 9, the injector Both the injector hole 14 and the spark plug hole 15 communicate with the combustion chamber 12 , and the fuel injector hole 14 is close to the intake passage 13 , and the spark plug hole 15 is close to the exhaust passage 16 .
喷油器孔14靠近进气通道13，火花塞孔15靠近排气通道16，即喷油器孔14和火花塞孔15沿横向方向(即从发动机缸盖1的进气侧朝向排气侧的方向)布置，使得喷油器10和火花塞9横向布置。The fuel injector hole 14 is close to the intake passage 13, and the spark plug hole 15 is close to the exhaust passage 16, that is, the fuel injector hole 14 and the spark plug hole 15 are along the transverse direction (that is, the direction from the intake side of the engine cylinder head 1 toward the exhaust side) ) arrangement, so that the injector 10 and the spark plug 9 are arranged transversely.
一些示例性实施例中，如图3所示，喷油器孔14的远离燃烧室12的一端向进气通道13所在的一侧倾斜，火花塞孔15的远离燃烧室12的一端向排气通道16所在的一侧倾斜。In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3 , the end of the injector hole 14 away from the combustion chamber 12 is inclined to the side where the intake passage 13 is located, and the end of the spark plug hole 15 away from the combustion chamber 12 is inclined toward the exhaust passage. The side on which 16 is located is inclined.
一些示例性实施例中，如图3所示，喷油器孔14的中心轴线与竖直方向的夹角A不大于15°。如夹角A可为：3°、5°、8°、10°、12°、14°等。In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3 , the included angle A between the central axis of the injector hole 14 and the vertical direction is no greater than 15°. For example, the included angle A can be: 3°, 5°, 8°, 10°, 12°, 14°, etc.
一些示例性实施例中，如图3所示，火花塞孔15的中心轴线与竖直方向的夹角B不大于30°。如夹角B可为：3°、5°、7°、9°、10°、12°、15°、18°、20°、22°、25°、28°等。In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3 , the included angle B between the central axis of the spark plug hole 15 and the vertical direction is not greater than 30°. For example, the included angle B can be: 3°, 5°, 7°, 9°, 10°, 12°, 15°, 18°, 20°, 22°, 25°, 28°, etc.
应当理解，喷油器孔14不限于倾斜设置，也可以竖直设置，即夹角A为0；火花塞孔15不限于倾斜设置，也可以竖直设置，即夹角B为0。It should be understood that the fuel injector holes 14 are not limited to be arranged obliquely, but can also be arranged vertically, that is, the included angle A is 0;
一些示例性实施例中，如图2所示，第一进气通道132的远离稳压腔131的一端设有喉口135，第一进气通道132的靠近喉口135一侧的底面向下凹陷形成鱼腹结构136，鱼腹结构136和喉口135通过与鱼腹结构136相切的切面137连接。In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2 , a throat 135 is provided at the end of the first air intake passage 132 away from the plenum 131 , and the bottom surface of the first air intake passage 132 near the throat 135 faces downward. The depression forms a fish-belly structure 136 , and the fish-belly structure 136 and the throat 135 are connected by a cut surface 137 tangent to the fish-belly structure 136 .
第一进气通道132的一端与稳压腔131连通，另一端设有喉口135，且第一进气通道132的靠近喉口135一侧的底面向下凹陷形成鱼腹结构136，鱼腹结构136和喉口135通过与鱼腹结构136相切的切面137连接。鱼腹结构136和切面137的设置，有利于引导空气或混合气体顺利进入燃烧室12，且能够对燃烧室12内的滚流起到加强作用。One end of the first air intake passage 132 communicates with the pressure stabilizing chamber 131, and the other end is provided with a throat 135, and the bottom surface of the first air intake passage 132 near the throat 135 is sunken downward to form a fish belly structure 136, the fish belly The structure 136 and the throat 135 are connected by a cut surface 137 tangential to the belly structure 136 . The setting of the fish belly structure 136 and the cutting surface 137 is beneficial to guide the air or the mixed gas to enter the combustion chamber 12 smoothly, and can strengthen the tumble flow in the combustion chamber 12 .
一些示例性实施例中，如图2所示，燃烧室12的内壁面设有引流结构，引流结构包括用于将第一进气通道132的气体引入燃烧室12的第一引流结构121和用于将燃烧室12的废气引入排气通道16的第二引流结构122。In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2 , the inner wall of the combustion chamber 12 is provided with a drainage structure, and the drainage structure includes a first drainage structure 121 for introducing the gas of the first intake passage 132 into the combustion chamber 12 and a The second flow guide structure 122 is used to introduce the exhaust gas of the combustion chamber 12 into the exhaust passage 16 .
燃烧室12的内壁面设置的第一引流结构121有利于引导进气通道13内的空气或混合气体顺利进入燃烧室12，燃烧室12的内壁面设置的第二引流结构122有利于引导燃烧后的废气自燃烧室12顺利进入排气通道16。The first drainage structure 121 provided on the inner wall of the combustion chamber 12 is conducive to guiding the air or mixed gas in the intake passage 13 to enter the combustion chamber 12 smoothly, and the second drainage structure 122 provided on the inner wall of the combustion chamber 12 is conducive to guiding the air after combustion. The exhaust gas enters the exhaust passage 16 from the combustion chamber 12 smoothly.
采用低倾角(如倾角C为20°)的第一进气通道132、鱼腹结构136和切面137引导空气或混合气体顺利进入燃烧室12，结合燃烧室12的内壁面的引流结构，有助于实现燃烧室12内混合燃气的高湍流强度。The first air intake channel 132, the fish belly structure 136 and the cut surface 137 that adopt a low inclination (as inclination C is 20°) guide the air or the mixed gas to enter the combustion chamber 12 smoothly, combined with the drainage structure of the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 12, it is helpful In order to realize the high turbulence intensity of the mixed gas in the combustion chamber 12.
一些示例性实施例中，如图2所示，缸盖主体11设有进气门阀座17和排气门阀座18，进气门阀座17包括用于与进气门密封配合的第一密封配合部，排气门阀座18包括用于与排气门密封配合的第二密封配合部，第一密封配合部高于第二密封配合部。In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2 , the cylinder head main body 11 is provided with an intake valve seat 17 and an exhaust valve seat 18, and the intake valve seat 17 includes a first sealing fit for sealing with the intake valve. The exhaust valve seat 18 includes a second sealing fit portion for sealing fit with the exhaust valve, and the first seal fit portion is higher than the second seal fit portion.
进气门阀座17的第一密封配合部的内侧壁面可为锥形面，以便实现与进气门的密封配合(线接触密封)；排气门阀座18的第二密封配合部的内侧壁面可为锥形面，以便实现与排气门的密封配合(线接触密封)。第一密封配合部高于第二密封配合部，使得进气门的中心高于排气门的中心，有利于将来自进气通道13的空气或混合气体引导流向进气门的靠近燃烧室12中心的一侧，进而有利于空气或混合气体进入燃烧室12之后流动状态的保持，使燃烧室12内的气流运动强度一直维持在较高水平，实现燃烧室12内的高湍流强度。The inner wall surface of the first sealing fitting part of the intake valve seat 17 can be a tapered surface, so as to realize the sealing fit (line contact seal) with the intake valve; the inner side wall surface of the second sealing fitting part of the exhaust valve seat 18 can be It is a tapered surface in order to achieve a sealing fit with the exhaust valve (line contact sealing). The first sealing fitting part is higher than the second sealing fitting part, so that the center of the intake valve is higher than the center of the exhaust valve, which is conducive to guiding the air or mixed gas from the intake passage 13 to the combustion chamber 12 close to the intake valve. One side of the center is further conducive to maintaining the flow state of the air or the mixed gas after entering the combustion chamber 12, so that the airflow movement intensity in the combustion chamber 12 is always maintained at a relatively high level, and high turbulent flow intensity in the combustion chamber 12 is realized.
一些示例性实施例中，如图2和图3所示，燃烧室12呈倒V字形。In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the combustion chamber 12 is in an inverted V shape.
燃烧室12呈倒V字形(或屋脊形)，有利于通过燃烧室12的内壁面将空气或混合气体引流流向燃烧室12的中心。The combustion chamber 12 is in an inverted V shape (or roof shape), which is beneficial to direct the air or mixed gas to the center of the combustion chamber 12 through the inner wall of the combustion chamber 12 .
本申请实施例还提供一种发动机，如图4所示，包括：缸体2和上述任一实施例提供的发动机缸盖1，发动机缸盖1固定在缸体2上。The embodiment of the present application also provides an engine, as shown in FIG. 4 , comprising: a cylinder block 2 and the engine cylinder head 1 provided in any one of the above embodiments, and the engine cylinder head 1 is fixed on the cylinder block 2 .
一些示例性实施例中，该发动机采用米勒循环和高压缩比(如可为13)组合技术，采用进气门延迟关闭策略，实现低速少进气，减低泵气损失，降低有效压缩比，使得发动机膨胀比大于实际压缩比，实现降低油耗的目的。In some exemplary embodiments, the engine adopts the combined technology of Miller cycle and high compression ratio (such as 13), adopts the strategy of delayed closing of the intake valve, realizes low speed and less intake, reduces pumping loss, and reduces the effective compression ratio. The engine expansion ratio is greater than the actual compression ratio to achieve the purpose of reducing fuel consumption.
一些示例性实施例中，该发动机可与电动机配合形成油电混动发动机组件。In some exemplary embodiments, the engine can cooperate with the electric motor to form a hybrid engine assembly.
本申请实施例还提供一种燃烧***，如图4和图5所示，包括上述任一实施例提供的发动机和进气组件，进气组件与发动机的发动机缸盖1的进气通道13连通。The embodiment of the present application also provides a combustion system, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, including the engine and air intake assembly provided by any of the above embodiments, the air intake assembly communicates with the air intake passage 13 of the engine cylinder head 1 of the engine .
一些示例性实施例中，如图5所示，燃烧***还包括喷油器10和火花塞9，喷油器10安装至发动机缸盖1的喷油器孔14，火花塞9安装至发动机缸盖1的火花塞孔15。In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIG. 5 , the combustion system further includes a fuel injector 10 and a spark plug 9, the fuel injector 10 is mounted to the fuel injector hole 14 of the engine cylinder head 1, and the spark plug 9 is mounted to the engine cylinder head 1 The spark plug hole 15.
喷油器孔14和火花塞孔15沿发动机的横向方向(即从发动机缸盖1的进气侧朝向排气侧的方向)布置，使得喷油器10和火花塞9沿发动机的横向方向布置，且喷油器10靠近发动机缸盖1的进气通道13，火花塞9靠近发动机缸盖1的排气通道16。喷油器10的中心轴线与喷油器孔14的中心轴线可重合，且喷油器10的中心轴线与竖直方向的夹角可不大于15°。火花塞9的中心轴线与火花塞孔15的中心轴线可重合，且火花塞9的中心轴线与竖直方向的夹角可不大于30°。The injector hole 14 and the spark plug hole 15 are arranged along the transverse direction of the engine (that is, the direction from the intake side of the engine cylinder head 1 towards the exhaust side), so that the injector 10 and the spark plug 9 are arranged along the transverse direction of the engine, and The fuel injector 10 is close to the intake passage 13 of the engine cylinder head 1 , and the spark plug 9 is close to the exhaust passage 16 of the engine cylinder head 1 . The central axis of the injector 10 and the central axis of the injector hole 14 may coincide, and the angle between the central axis of the injector 10 and the vertical direction may not be greater than 15°. The central axis of the spark plug 9 may coincide with the central axis of the spark plug hole 15, and the included angle between the central axis of the spark plug 9 and the vertical direction may not be greater than 30°.
喷油器10可采用多孔和/或多次高压喷油策略，以在火花塞9的中心形成较浓的混合燃气(燃油和空气(或混合气体)的混合形成)，提高燃烧的稳定性。喷油器10可采用350bar的燃油喷射压力，燃油压力的提升，使得油滴颗粒的直径明显减小，从而有效提升燃油的雾化性能，保证燃油与空气(或混合气体)更好混合，有效改善发动机的燃烧状态，提高燃烧速度，利于提高热效率，降低油耗。The fuel injector 10 can adopt multi-hole and/or multiple high-pressure fuel injection strategies to form a richer mixed gas (formed by mixing fuel and air (or mixed gas)) at the center of the spark plug 9 to improve combustion stability. The fuel injector 10 can adopt a fuel injection pressure of 350bar, and the increase of the fuel pressure can significantly reduce the diameter of the oil droplet particles, thereby effectively improving the atomization performance of the fuel, ensuring better mixing of the fuel and air (or mixed gas), and effectively Improve the combustion state of the engine and increase the combustion speed, which is conducive to improving thermal efficiency and reducing fuel consumption.
一些示例性实施例中，如图4和图5所示，进气组件包括节气门3和进气歧管4，节气门3竖直设置，且节气门3集成至进气歧管4，进气歧管4与进气通道13连通。In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the intake assembly includes a throttle valve 3 and an intake manifold 4, the throttle valve 3 is vertically arranged, and the throttle valve 3 is integrated into the intake manifold 4, and further The gas manifold 4 communicates with the intake passage 13 .
节气门3采用竖直设置，并集成于进气歧管4，解决高EGR率(如>20％)的冷凝水积水问题，同时减少了节气门3与进气歧管4之间的中间连接件，减少零件数量，降低成本。The throttle valve 3 is vertically arranged and integrated into the intake manifold 4 to solve the problem of condensed water accumulation at high EGR rates (such as >20%), and at the same time reduce the gap between the throttle valve 3 and the intake manifold 4 Connectors reduce the number of parts and reduce costs.
一些示例性实施例中，如图4和图5所示，排气组件包括增压器6，增压器6包括涡轮、压轮和连接轴，涡轮和压轮通过连接轴连接，且连接轴高于涡轮的进气口61，涡轮的进气口61与发动机缸盖1的排气通道16连通，压轮的出气口与进气歧管4连通。In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the exhaust assembly includes a supercharger 6, the supercharger 6 includes a turbine, a pressure wheel and a connecting shaft, the turbine and the pressure wheel are connected through a connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft Higher than the intake port 61 of the turbine, the intake port 61 of the turbine communicates with the exhaust passage 16 of the engine cylinder head 1 , and the air outlet of the pressure wheel communicates with the intake manifold 4 .
增压器6为涡轮增压器，可利用发动机缸盖1的排气通道16排出的废气推动涡轮转动，涡轮进而带动压轮转动，以在空气进入进气歧管4前利用压轮进行压缩。涡轮的连接轴的位置高于涡轮的进气口61的位置，即增压器6采用上翻式结构，在满足发动机低速扭矩及高速功率性能要求下，为排气组件的其他部件的布置提供了足够空间。The supercharger 6 is a turbocharger, which can use the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust passage 16 of the engine cylinder head 1 to drive the turbine to rotate, and the turbine then drives the pinch wheel to rotate, so that the air can be compressed by the pinch wheel before entering the intake manifold 4 . The position of the connecting shaft of the turbine is higher than the position of the intake port 61 of the turbine, that is, the supercharger 6 adopts an upturned structure, which provides the arrangement of other components of the exhaust assembly while meeting the performance requirements of low-speed torque and high-speed power of the engine. enough space.
一些示例性实施例中，如图4和图5所示，燃烧***还包括EGR(废气循环)组件，EGR组件包括EGR管路81、EGR阀82和EGR冷却器83，EGR阀82及EGR冷却器83通过EGR管路连接，EGR冷却器83上设有EGR进气口831，EGR管路81的一端与排气组件连接，另一端连接至中冷器5，中冷器5设置于进气歧管4的上方。In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the combustion system further includes an EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) assembly, the EGR assembly includes an EGR pipeline 81, an EGR valve 82 and an EGR cooler 83, the EGR valve 82 and the EGR cooling The EGR cooler 83 is connected through the EGR pipeline, and the EGR cooler 83 is provided with an EGR inlet 831. One end of the EGR pipeline 81 is connected to the exhaust assembly, and the other end is connected to the intercooler 5, and the intercooler 5 is arranged on the air intake above manifold 4.
增压器6采用上翻式结构，中冷器5设置于进气歧管4的上方，有助于缩短EGR管路8的长度，降低整机高度，在降低***泵气损失同时，改善进气延迟现象，在发动机加速时，动态响应性能显著提高。此外，增压器6采用上翻式结构，为排气组件的其他部件及EGR组件的布置提供了足够空间，且实现EGR组件的布置创新，使得整机布置结构紧凑，实现发动机的废气快速冷却并导入发动机的进气组件，从而降低泵气损失、提升燃烧效率、降低散热损失，使得发动机的油耗大幅降低，同时大幅改善发动机的排放。The supercharger 6 adopts an upturned structure, and the intercooler 5 is arranged above the intake manifold 4, which helps to shorten the length of the EGR pipeline 8 and reduce the height of the whole machine. Gas lag phenomenon, when the engine accelerates, the dynamic response performance is significantly improved. In addition, the supercharger 6 adopts an upturned structure, which provides enough space for the arrangement of other components of the exhaust assembly and the EGR assembly, and realizes the innovation of the arrangement of the EGR assembly, which makes the whole machine layout compact and realizes rapid cooling of the exhaust gas of the engine And introduce the air intake components of the engine, thereby reducing the pumping loss, improving the combustion efficiency, reducing the heat dissipation loss, so that the fuel consumption of the engine is greatly reduced, and the emission of the engine is also greatly improved.
一些示例性实施例中，中冷器5可采用水冷中冷器，并可平行布置于进气歧管4上方。In some exemplary embodiments, the intercooler 5 may be a water-cooled intercooler, and may be arranged in parallel above the intake manifold 4 .
采用水冷中冷器平行于进气歧管4布置，很大程度上降低了整机高度，同时节省了进气管路的长度，降低燃烧***的泵气损失，改善了进气延迟现象，在发动机加速时，动态响应性能显著提高。水冷中冷器的体积小，冷却效果出众，冷却液流量可以调节，因此降低了受整车工况的影响，提高了冷却稳定性，用户体验得到改善。从发动机性能来说，由于进气温度降低，泵气损失减少，进气量增加，有助于提高发动机的扭矩，改善爆震，降低油耗。The water-cooled intercooler is arranged parallel to the intake manifold 4, which greatly reduces the height of the whole machine, and at the same time saves the length of the intake pipeline, reduces the pumping loss of the combustion system, and improves the intake delay phenomenon. When accelerating, the dynamic response performance is significantly improved. The water-cooled intercooler has a small size, excellent cooling effect, and the coolant flow rate can be adjusted, so it reduces the influence of the vehicle's working conditions, improves cooling stability, and improves user experience. In terms of engine performance, due to lower intake air temperature, reduced pumping loss, and increased intake air volume, it helps to increase engine torque, improve knocking, and reduce fuel consumption.
一些示例性实施例中，中冷器5可集成至EGR管路8，以减少中冷器5与EGR管路8之间的中间连接件，减少零件数量，降低成本。In some exemplary embodiments, the intercooler 5 can be integrated into the EGR pipeline 8, so as to reduce the number of intermediate connections between the intercooler 5 and the EGR pipeline 8, reduce the number of parts, and reduce costs.
一些示例性实施例中，排气组件还可包括氧化催化器和GPF(Gasoline Particulate Filter，颗粒捕集器)，氧化催化器可将废气中的CO(一氧化碳) 或HC(碳氢化合物)氧化成CO 2(二氧化碳)或H 2O(水)，GPF是一种过滤器，可以捕捉废气中的微粒排放物质，以去除废气中的有害物质。 In some exemplary embodiments, the exhaust assembly may further include an oxidation catalyst and a GPF (Gasoline Particulate Filter, particle trap), and the oxidation catalyst may oxidize CO (carbon monoxide) or HC (hydrocarbons) in the exhaust gas into CO 2 (Carbon Dioxide) or H 2 O (Water), GPF is a filter that captures particulate emissions from the exhaust to remove harmful substances from the exhaust.
EGR组件采用低压EGR技术，废气的取气位置在GPF后，废气的进气位置在压轮前，可达到高EGR率(如＞20％)，实现将发动机排出的废气冷却后准确导入到发动机的进气组件中，在燃烧室12内参与到燃油的燃烧当中，从而充分提高燃烧热效率，降低油耗，同时大幅改善发动机排放。The EGR component adopts low-pressure EGR technology. The intake position of the exhaust gas is behind the GPF, and the intake position of the exhaust gas is in front of the pressure wheel. It can achieve a high EGR rate (such as > 20%), and realize that the exhaust gas discharged from the engine is cooled and accurately introduced into the engine. In the air intake assembly, the combustion chamber 12 participates in the combustion of fuel, thereby fully improving the combustion thermal efficiency, reducing fuel consumption, and greatly improving engine emissions.
本申请实施例的燃烧***具有以下优点：The combustion system of the embodiment of the present application has the following advantages:
1)采用喷油压力为350bar的喷油器，更高的燃油压力能有效提升燃油雾化性能，使得油气得到更好的混合及更大的喷射体积，这使得燃料的蒸发变得更快、更好；同时标定可使用更加激进的标定策略来优化发动机各项工况，从而提高发动机整体的动力性及经济性，有效改善排放性能。低倾角的第一进气通道，配合燃烧室内壁面的引流结构，使自进气门上部进入的气流沿燃烧室的内壁面和排气门的壁面进入燃烧室内，有利于气流进入燃烧室后流动状态的保持，使燃烧室内的气流运动强度一直维持在较高水平，保证燃烧与空气的混合，以实现燃烧室内的高滚流，从而有效提高发动机的燃烧速度，提高热效率，降低油耗。1) A fuel injector with a fuel injection pressure of 350bar is used. Higher fuel pressure can effectively improve fuel atomization performance, resulting in better mixing of fuel and gas and larger injection volume, which makes fuel evaporate faster. Better; at the same time, more aggressive calibration strategies can be used to optimize the various working conditions of the engine, so as to improve the overall power and economy of the engine and effectively improve the emission performance. The low-inclination first air intake channel, combined with the drainage structure on the inner wall of the combustion chamber, enables the airflow entering from the upper part of the intake valve to enter the combustion chamber along the inner wall of the combustion chamber and the wall of the exhaust valve, which is conducive to the flow of air after entering the combustion chamber The maintenance of the state keeps the airflow movement intensity in the combustion chamber at a high level, ensures the mixing of combustion and air, and realizes high tumble flow in the combustion chamber, thereby effectively increasing the combustion speed of the engine, improving thermal efficiency, and reducing fuel consumption.
2)“上翻式”增压器的设计，结构紧凑，在保证增压器性能的情况下，为排气组件的其他部件及EGR组件的布置提供了足够空间，实现高EGR率，实现降油耗，并大幅改善发动机排放。2) The design of the "upturned" supercharger has a compact structure, which provides enough space for the arrangement of other components of the exhaust assembly and EGR components under the condition of ensuring the performance of the supercharger, so as to achieve a high EGR rate and reduce the Fuel consumption and significantly improved engine emissions.
3)进气歧管和发动机缸盖的稳压腔结构，提高了高EGR率的燃烧***的进气稳定性。中冷器、节气门、进气歧管的布置和发动机缸盖的进气通道特殊的导水槽设计，解决了EGR冷凝存水问题。3) The pressure-stabilizing cavity structure of the intake manifold and engine cylinder head improves the intake stability of the combustion system with high EGR rate. The arrangement of the intercooler, throttle valve, intake manifold and the special water guide groove design of the intake channel of the engine cylinder head solve the problem of EGR condensation water retention.
4)节气门的集成设计，减少了中间连接件，布置简单紧凑，在降低发动机成本的同时解决了高EGR率带来的积水问题。4) The integrated design of the throttle valve reduces the intermediate connecting parts, and the layout is simple and compact, which solves the problem of water accumulation caused by high EGR rate while reducing the cost of the engine.
5)水冷中冷器的体积小、冷却效果出众，且冷却稳定性高，不容易受到整车运行工况影响；同时由于进气温度降低，泵气损失减少，进气量增加，有助于提高发动机的扭矩，改善爆震，降低油耗。5) The water-cooled intercooler has small volume, outstanding cooling effect, and high cooling stability, and is not easily affected by the operating conditions of the whole vehicle; at the same time, due to the lower intake air temperature, the pump air loss is reduced and the intake air volume is increased, which contributes to Increase engine torque, improve detonation, and reduce fuel consumption.
本申请实施例的燃烧***，经试验结果验证，最高热效率达到>41％，可 应用于混动技术的车辆。The combustion system of the embodiment of the present application has been verified by test results that the highest thermal efficiency reaches >41%, and can be applied to vehicles with hybrid technology.
综上所述，本申请实施例的高效率的燃烧***，通过紧凑的结构设计，节省了整机布置空间，减少了零件数量，实现进气高滚流比，排气高EGR率(如>20％)，并解决了高EGR率带来的冷凝积水等问题，整机高热效率(如>41％)。To sum up, the high-efficiency combustion system of the embodiment of the present application, through the compact structure design, saves the layout space of the whole machine, reduces the number of parts, and achieves a high tumble flow ratio of the intake air and a high EGR rate of the exhaust gas (such as > 20%), and solve the problems of condensed water caused by high EGR rate, and the whole machine has high thermal efficiency (such as >41%).
在本文的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“上”、“下”、“一侧”、“另一侧”、“一端”、“另一端”、“边”、“相对”、“四角”、“周边”、““口”字结构”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本文和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的结构具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本文的限制。In the description herein, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "one side", "another side", "one end", "another end", "side", "opposite", "four corners" ", "periphery", "mouth" character structure" and other indicated orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this article and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the Structures have particular orientations, are constructed and operate in particular orientations, and thus are not to be construed as limiting herein.
在本文的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“多个”指两个或更多个。In the description herein, it should be noted that the term "plurality" refers to two or more.
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“连接”、“固定”、“安装”等应做广义理解，例如，“连接”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，或者可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本文中的具体含义。In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", and "installation" should be interpreted in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection or an optional Detachable connection, or integral connection; may be directly connected, may also be indirectly connected through an intermediary, or may be internal communication of two elements. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms herein in specific situations.
虽然本文所揭露的实施方式如上，但所述的内容仅为便于理解本文而采用的实施方式，并非用以限定本文。任何本文所属领域内的技术人员，在不脱离本文所揭露的精神和范围的前提下，可以在实施的形式及细节上进行任何的修改与变化，但本文的专利保护范围，仍须以所附的权利要求书所界定为准。Although the implementations disclosed herein are as above, the content described is only the implementations adopted to facilitate the understanding of this article, and is not intended to limit this article. Anyone skilled in the field of this article can make any modifications and changes in the form and details of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed herein. shall prevail as defined in the claims.

Claims (16)

  1. 一种发动机缸盖，包括缸盖主体，所述缸盖主体设有燃烧室、进气通道和排气通道，所述进气通道包括稳压腔和第一进气通道，所述第一进气通道连通所述稳压腔和所述燃烧室，所述排气通道与所述燃烧室连通。An engine cylinder head, comprising a cylinder head body, the cylinder head body is provided with a combustion chamber, an intake passage and an exhaust passage, the intake passage includes a plenum chamber and a first intake passage, the first intake passage The gas channel communicates with the plenum chamber and the combustion chamber, and the exhaust channel communicates with the combustion chamber.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发动机缸盖，其中，沿着气体的流动方向，所述第一进气通道向下倾斜，所述第一进气通道与水平面的夹角为10°-20°。The engine cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein, along the gas flow direction, the first air intake passage is inclined downward, and the included angle between the first air intake passage and the horizontal plane is 10°-20°.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的发动机缸盖，其中，所述稳压腔的底部和所述第一进气通道的底部的连接处形成凸出部，所述凸出部上设有凹陷的导水槽，所述导水槽设置成引导所述稳压腔的冷凝水流向所述第一进气通道。The engine cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein a protrusion is formed at the junction of the bottom of the plenum chamber and the bottom of the first air intake passage, and a sunken water guiding groove is provided on the protrusion , the water guiding groove is configured to guide the condensed water in the plenum chamber to flow to the first air intake channel.
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的发动机缸盖，其中，所述缸盖主体还设有用于安装喷油器的喷油器孔和用于安装火花塞的火花塞孔，所述喷油器孔和所述火花塞孔均与所述燃烧室连通，且所述喷油器孔靠近所述进气通道，所述喷油器孔的远离所述燃烧室的一端向所述进气通道所在的一侧倾斜，所述火花塞孔靠近所述排气通道，所述火花塞孔的远离所述燃烧室的一端向所述排气通道所在的一侧倾斜。The engine cylinder head according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cylinder head main body is further provided with an injector hole for installing an injector and a spark plug hole for installing a spark plug, the fuel injection Both the injector hole and the spark plug hole are in communication with the combustion chamber, and the injector hole is close to the intake passage, and the end of the injector hole away from the combustion chamber faces toward the intake passage. One side of the spark plug hole is inclined, the spark plug hole is close to the exhaust passage, and the end of the spark plug hole away from the combustion chamber is inclined to the side where the exhaust passage is located.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的发动机缸盖，其中，所述喷油器孔的中心轴线与竖直方向的夹角不大于15°。The engine cylinder head according to claim 4, wherein the included angle between the central axis of the injector hole and the vertical direction is not greater than 15°.
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的发动机缸盖，其中，所述火花塞孔的中心轴线与竖直方向的夹角不大于30°。The engine cylinder head according to claim 4, wherein the included angle between the central axis of the spark plug hole and the vertical direction is not greater than 30°.
  7. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的发动机缸盖，其中，所述第一进气通道的远离所述稳压腔的一端设有喉口，所述第一进气通道的靠近所述喉口一侧的底面向下凹陷形成鱼腹结构，所述鱼腹结构和所述喉口通过与所述鱼腹结构相切的切面连接。The engine cylinder head according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a throat is provided at an end of the first air intake passage far away from the plenum chamber, and a throat of the first air intake passage near the The bottom surface on one side of the throat is depressed downward to form a fish belly structure, and the fish belly structure and the throat are connected by a tangent plane to the fish belly structure.
  8. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的发动机缸盖，其中，所述燃烧室的内壁面设有引流结构，所述引流结构包括用于将所述第一进气通道的气体引入所述燃烧室的第一引流结构和用于将所述燃烧室的废气引入所述排气通道的第二引流结构。The engine cylinder head according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, the inner wall of the combustion chamber is provided with a drainage structure, and the drainage structure is used to introduce the gas of the first intake passage into the The first air guiding structure of the combustion chamber and the second air guiding structure for introducing the exhaust gas of the combustion chamber into the exhaust passage.
  9. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的发动机缸盖，其中，所述缸盖主体设有进气门阀座和排气门阀座，所述进气门阀座包括用于与进气门密封配合的第一密封配合部，所述排气门阀座包括用于与排气门密封配合的第二密封配合部，所述第一密封配合部高于所述第二密封配合部。The engine cylinder head according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cylinder head body is provided with an intake valve seat and an exhaust valve seat, and the intake valve seat includes a valve seat for sealing with the intake valve. The exhaust valve seat includes a second sealing engagement portion for sealing engagement with the exhaust valve, the first sealing engagement portion being higher than the second sealing engagement portion.
  10. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的发动机缸盖，其中，所述燃烧室呈倒V字形。The engine cylinder head according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the combustion chamber is in an inverted V shape.
  11. 一种发动机，包括：缸体和权利要求1至10中任一项所述的发动机缸盖，所述发动机缸盖固定在所述缸体上。An engine, comprising: a cylinder block and the engine cylinder head according to any one of claims 1 to 10, the engine cylinder head being fixed on the cylinder block.
  12. 一种燃烧***，包括权利要求11所述的发动机、进气组件和排气组件，所述进气组件与所述发动机的发动机缸盖的进气通道连通，所述排气组件与所述发动机的发动机缸盖的排气通道连通。A combustion system comprising the engine of claim 11, an intake assembly and an exhaust assembly, the intake assembly communicates with the intake passage of the engine cylinder head of the engine, the exhaust assembly communicates with the engine cylinder head The exhaust passage of the engine cylinder head communicates.
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的燃烧***，还包括喷油器和火花塞，所述喷油器安装至所述发动机缸盖的喷油器孔，所述火花塞安装至所述发动机缸盖的火花塞孔。The combustion system of claim 12, further comprising an injector mounted to an injector hole of said engine head, and a spark plug mounted to a spark plug hole of said engine head.
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的燃烧***，其中，所述进气组件包括节气门和进气歧管，所述节气门竖直设置，且所述节气门集成至所述进气歧管，所述进气歧管与所述进气通道连通。The combustion system according to claim 12, wherein said intake assembly includes a throttle valve and an intake manifold, said throttle valve is arranged vertically, said throttle valve is integrated into said intake manifold, said An intake manifold communicates with the intake passage.
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的燃烧***，其中，所述排气组件包括增压器，所述增压器包括涡轮、压轮和连接轴，所述涡轮和所述压轮通过所述连接轴连接，且所述连接轴高于所述涡轮的进气口，所述涡轮的进气口与所述发动机缸盖的排气通道连通，所述压轮的出气口与所述进气歧管连通。The combustion system of claim 14, wherein the exhaust assembly includes a supercharger including a turbine, a pressure wheel, and a connecting shaft, the turbine and the pressure wheel being connected by the connecting shaft , and the connecting shaft is higher than the intake port of the turbine, the intake port of the turbine communicates with the exhaust passage of the engine cylinder head, and the air outlet of the pressure wheel communicates with the intake manifold .
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的燃烧***，还包括废气循环组件，所述废气循环组件包括废气循环管路，所述废气循环管路的一端与所述排气组件连通，另一端连接至中冷器，所述中冷器集成至所述废气循环管路，且所述中冷器设置于所述进气歧管的上方。The combustion system according to claim 14, further comprising an exhaust gas circulation assembly, the exhaust gas circulation assembly including an exhaust gas circulation pipeline, one end of the exhaust gas circulation pipeline communicates with the exhaust assembly, and the other end is connected to the intercooler , the intercooler is integrated into the exhaust gas circulation pipeline, and the intercooler is arranged above the intake manifold.
PCT/CN2021/128788 2021-11-04 2021-11-04 Engine cylinder head, engine and combustion system WO2023077379A1 (en)

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Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130055970A1 (en) * 2010-05-17 2013-03-07 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Cylinder head having egr gas cooling structure, and method for manufacturing same
CN203856595U (en) * 2014-04-29 2014-10-01 长城汽车股份有限公司 Cylinder cover for engine and engine with cylinder cover
CN106481476A (en) * 2015-08-24 2017-03-08 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 The cylinder cover with hybrid inlet valve seat for strong tumble flow air inlet
CN109162822A (en) * 2018-09-25 2019-01-08 绵阳新晨动力机械有限公司 A kind of cylinder cap of integrated intake manifold
CN113404612A (en) * 2021-08-19 2021-09-17 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Engine cylinder cover and gas engine
CN113404614A (en) * 2021-08-19 2021-09-17 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Cylinder head and gas engine

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130055970A1 (en) * 2010-05-17 2013-03-07 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Cylinder head having egr gas cooling structure, and method for manufacturing same
CN203856595U (en) * 2014-04-29 2014-10-01 长城汽车股份有限公司 Cylinder cover for engine and engine with cylinder cover
CN106481476A (en) * 2015-08-24 2017-03-08 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 The cylinder cover with hybrid inlet valve seat for strong tumble flow air inlet
CN109162822A (en) * 2018-09-25 2019-01-08 绵阳新晨动力机械有限公司 A kind of cylinder cap of integrated intake manifold
CN113404612A (en) * 2021-08-19 2021-09-17 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Engine cylinder cover and gas engine
CN113404614A (en) * 2021-08-19 2021-09-17 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Cylinder head and gas engine

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