WO2023077265A1 - 离合器及混合动力*** - Google Patents

离合器及混合动力*** Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023077265A1
WO2023077265A1 PCT/CN2021/128168 CN2021128168W WO2023077265A1 WO 2023077265 A1 WO2023077265 A1 WO 2023077265A1 CN 2021128168 W CN2021128168 W CN 2021128168W WO 2023077265 A1 WO2023077265 A1 WO 2023077265A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
clutch
housing
plate
pressure plate
disc
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Application number
PCT/CN2021/128168
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
肖荣亭
陈广露
闫少伟
Original Assignee
舍弗勒技术股份两合公司
肖荣亭
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司, 肖荣亭 filed Critical 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司
Priority to PCT/CN2021/128168 priority Critical patent/WO2023077265A1/zh
Priority to CN202180101393.3A priority patent/CN117795219A/zh
Publication of WO2023077265A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023077265A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D13/00—Friction clutches
    • F16D13/58—Details
    • F16D13/75—Features relating to adjustment, e.g. slack adjusters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/10—Clutch systems with a plurality of fluid-actuated clutches
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Definitions

  • the present application relates to a clutch structure of a vehicle, in particular to a clutch and a hybrid power system including the clutch.
  • friction clutches are usually used to realize the transmission coupling and decoupling between the power source and the transmission, and the existing friction clutches are usually dry clutches and wet multi-plate clutches.
  • friction clutches of the above kind have drawbacks.
  • the dry clutch itself has a large radial dimension and requires a large radial installation space. Moreover, the heat dissipation performance of the dry clutch is relatively poor.
  • the wet multi-disc clutch itself has a large radial dimension and also requires a large radial installation space.
  • the structure of the wet multi-plate clutch is complicated and the cost is high.
  • An object of the present application is to provide a new type of clutch, which has a smaller radial dimension compared with the existing friction clutches, and compared with the existing wet multi-plate clutches, the clutch can ensure heat dissipation performance while The structure is simple and the cost is low.
  • Another object of the present application is to provide a hybrid power system including the clutch described above.
  • the application provides a clutch as follows, which includes:
  • the casing is used for transmission connection with a power source
  • a pressure plate the pressure plate is accommodated in the housing, the pressure plate can reciprocate along the axial direction of the clutch, and an oil chamber for actuating the pressure plate is formed between the pressure plate and the housing;
  • the clutch disc is accommodated in the housing, the clutch disc includes a friction portion interposed between the housing and the pressure plate, the friction portion extends radially outward and is inclined axially extend;
  • a spring mechanism the spring mechanism is located between the housing and the pressure plate to apply force to the pressure plate, so that the pressure plate can release the clutch disc or clamp the clutch disc with the housing ,
  • the clutch disc further includes a disc main part fixed to the friction part and a disc joint part, the disc main part has a ring shape, and the friction part and the disc main part The radially outer end edge of the disc joint part is connected with the radially inner end edge of the disc main part and extends along the axial direction.
  • the pressure plate includes a plate main body and a first tapered portion, the plate main body has an annular shape, and the radial direction between the first tapered portion and the plate main body is The outer end edges are connected, and the first tapered portion is opposite to the friction portion and extends parallel to the friction portion.
  • the pressure plate includes a plurality of insertion portions protruding from the first tapered portion toward one side in the axial direction and spaced apart along the circumference of the clutch. Openly arranged, the housing is formed with installation holes corresponding to the plurality of insertion parts, and the plurality of insertion parts are inserted into the corresponding installation holes.
  • the housing is formed with a second tapered portion, the second tapered portion is opposite to the friction portion and extends parallel to the friction portion, the second tapered portion The shaped portion and the first tapered portion are located on both sides of the friction portion.
  • the housing includes a support plate
  • the second tapered portion is a part of the support plate for transmission coupling with a power source
  • a support member connected to the support plate is also provided, an oil passage communicating with the oil chamber is formed in the support member, and the oil chamber is formed between the support member and the pressure plate.
  • the housing includes a support plate and a cover plate
  • the second tapered portion is a part of the support plate, and the support plate is used for transmission connection with the power source,
  • a support component is also provided, the cover plate is connected to the support plate and the support component, the oil chamber is formed between the pressure plate, the cover plate and the support component, and
  • the oil passage is formed in the support member.
  • the spring mechanism includes a plurality of leaf springs arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the clutch, one end of each leaf spring is connected to the housing and the other end connected to the platen.
  • one end of the plurality of leaf springs is connected to the radially outer end of the pressure plate, and the other end of the plurality of leaf springs is connected to the housing; or, the plurality of leaf springs One end of the spring is connected to the middle part of the pressure plate, and the other ends of the plurality of leaf springs are connected to the housing.
  • the application also provides a hybrid power system as follows, which includes:
  • a motor the motor is in transmission connection with the housing, or in transmission connection with the clutch disc.
  • the present application provides a clutch and a hybrid power system including the clutch.
  • the clutch includes a housing, a pressure plate, a clutch disc and a spring mechanism assembled together.
  • the housing is used for transmission connection with the power source. Both the pressure plate and the clutch disc are accommodated in the housing.
  • the pressing plate can reciprocate along the axial direction of the clutch, and an oil chamber is formed between the pressing plate and the casing.
  • the clutch disc includes a friction portion interposed between the pressure plate and the housing, and the friction portion extends radially outward and at the same time obliquely extends axially.
  • the spring mechanism is located between the housing and the pressure plate.
  • the friction portion in the clutch of the present application is formed in a shape extending obliquely with respect to the radial direction of the clutch, it is possible to reduce the radial dimension of the clutch itself, thereby reducing the space for installing the clutch.
  • the friction clutch mechanism of the clutch of the present application is realized by the casing, the clutch disc and the pressure plate, compared with the friction clutch mechanism constructed by multiple friction plates and pressure plates of the existing wet multi-plate clutch, the The number of component parts simplifies the structure of the clutch of the present application and reduces the cost.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a clutch according to a first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a partial structure of the clutch in FIG. 1A .
  • FIG. 1C is a schematic diagram showing a partial structure of a hybrid system including the clutch in FIG. 1A .
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a partial structure of a clutch according to a second embodiment of the present application.
  • axial and radial refer to the axial, radial and circumferential directions of the clutch (housing), respectively.
  • Axial side refers to the side where the engine is located, that is, the left side in Figure 1A, Figure 1B, Figure 1C and Figure 2;
  • the other axial side refers to the side where the transmission is located, that is, Figure 1A, Figure 1B , the right side in Figure 1C and Figure 2;
  • radially outward refers to the side radially away from the central axis of the clutch (housing), that is, the upper side in Figure 1B, Figure 1C and Figure 2,
  • the “radially inner side” refers to the side that is close to the central axis of the clutch (housing) in the radial direction, that is, the lower side in FIGS. 1B , 1C and 2 .
  • the "transmission coupling" of two parts refers to the connection between the two parts that can transmit torque, including not only the direct connection between the two parts, but also the indirect connection between the two parts through other transmission mechanisms. The condition of the connection.
  • the clutch according to the first embodiment of the present application includes a housing 1, a pressure plate 2, a clutch disc 3, a leaf spring 4 and an output shaft 5 assembled together.
  • the casing 1 , the pressure plate 2 , the clutch disc 3 and the output shaft 5 are all rotating bodies with a central axis, and these four are coaxially assembled together.
  • the casing 1 is used for transmission coupling with a power source (such as an engine ICE and an electric motor EM shown in FIG. 1C ).
  • a power source such as an engine ICE and an electric motor EM shown in FIG. 1C .
  • the housing 1 includes a support plate 11 and a cover plate 12 fixed together.
  • the support plate 11 is used for transmission connection with the power source.
  • the support plate 11 includes a shaft portion and a cover portion fixed together.
  • An external spline 11s is formed at one axial end of the shaft portion, through which the output shaft of the engine ICE can be drive-coupled to the support plate 11 .
  • the cover portion extends radially outward from the other axial end portion of the shaft portion, and the cover portion obtains a desired shape by bending multiple times during the radially outward extension.
  • the radially inner end of the cover is fixedly connected to the shaft, and the radially outer end of the cover is fixedly connected to the cover plate 12 .
  • the support plate 11 is formed with a second tapered portion 111 that is opposed to the friction portion 32 of the clutch disc 3 and extends parallel to the friction portion 32 .
  • the second tapered portion 111 and the below-described first tapered portion 22 of the pressure plate 2 can clamp each other and abut against the friction portion 32 of the clutch disc 3 , so that the housing 1 and the clutch disc 3 can achieve transmission coupling.
  • the cover plate 12 is located on the other axial side of the support plate 11 .
  • the cover plate 12 is fixedly connected with the support plate 11 .
  • the cover plate 12 is formed in a disc shape, and the cover plate 12 can be bent into a desired shape multiple times during the process of extending radially outward.
  • the radially outer end of the cover plate 12 is fixedly connected to the radially outer end of the cover portion of the support plate 11 .
  • the radially inner end of the cover plate 12 is supported on the support member 13 .
  • the support member 13 is preferably a part of the transmission housing, the support member 13 is generally stationary, and the cover plate 12 can follow the support plate 11 to rotate, so that there is a relative rotation between the cover plate 12 and the support member 13 .
  • an unillustrated bearing component is provided between the radially inner end of the cover plate 12 and the supporting component 13 .
  • the support member 13 is located on the inner side of the cover plate 12 in the radial direction and substantially on the other side of the support plate 11 in the axial direction.
  • the supporting member 13 is formed as a hollow shaft.
  • the output shaft 5 is located radially inside the support member 13 and is arranged spaced apart from the support member 13. As shown in FIG.
  • an oil chamber S is formed between the cover plate 12 and the support member 13 and the pressure plate 2 , and the support member 13 is formed with an oil passage 1 p communicating with the oil chamber S. Oil can be introduced into the oil chamber S through the oil passage 1p. After the oil pressure reaches a certain level, the force acting on the pressure plate 2 overcomes the elastic force of the leaf spring 4 (return mechanism), pushing the pressure plate 2 to move toward one side in the axial direction.
  • the pressure plate 2 is integrally formed in a disc shape.
  • the pressing plate 2 can reciprocate along the axial direction A, and actually acts as a piston.
  • the press plate 2 includes a plate main body portion 21 , a first tapered portion 22 and an insertion portion 23 formed integrally.
  • the plate main body portion 21 has a ring shape.
  • the plate main body portion 21 is bent once while extending in the radial direction R. As shown in FIG.
  • the radially inner part of the plate body part 21 forms an oil cavity S with the cover plate 12 and the support member 13, and the radially outer part of the plate body part 21 is spaced apart from the cover plate 12 at least in the axial direction A, forming a mounting plate Spring 4 space.
  • the board main body portion 21 is placed on the support member 13 and is optionally always supported by the support member 13 .
  • the first tapered portion 22 is connected to the radial outer end edge of the plate main body portion 21 , and the first tapered portion 22 is opposite to the friction portion 32 of the clutch disc 3 and extends parallel to the friction portion 32 .
  • the first tapered portion 22 and the second tapered portion 111 of the housing 1 are located on both sides of the friction portion 32 . After the pressure plate 2 moves toward one side in the axial direction, the first tapered portion 22 and the second tapered portion 111 clamp and abut against the friction portion 32, so that the housing 1 and the clutch disc 3 can pass through the friction generated by the above-mentioned clamping. Force to realize the transmission connection.
  • a plurality of insertion portions 23 protrude from the first tapered portion 22 toward one side in the axial direction and are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction.
  • the cover part of the housing 1 is formed with a mounting hole corresponding to the insertion part 23 , and the insertion part 23 is inserted into the corresponding mounting hole, so that the pressing plate 2 can rotate together with the housing 1 against torsion.
  • the clutch disc 3 can realize transmission coupling and release transmission coupling with the housing 1 under control.
  • the clutch disc 3 includes a disc body portion 31 , a friction portion 32 and a disc engagement portion 33 which are integrally formed.
  • the disc main body portion 31 has a ring shape.
  • the disc main body portion 31 extends substantially along the radial direction R.
  • the disc main body portion 31 is formed with a plurality of through holes 3 h penetrating in the axial direction A, and these through holes 3 h serve as through holes 3 h of the clutch disc 3 .
  • These through holes 3h make the axial two sides of the clutch disc 3 communicate, that is, the oil in the space surrounded by the housing 1 can flow on both sides of the clutch disc 3 through these through holes 3h, which helps to improve the performance of the entire clutch. Heat dissipation performance and lubricating performance.
  • the outer peripheral portion of the clutch disc 3 includes a friction portion 32 between the first tapered portion 22 of the pressure plate 2 and the second tapered portion 111 of the housing 1, and both sides of the friction portion 32 can form friction layers with wear-resistant materials .
  • the friction portion 32 constitutes the radially outermost portion of the clutch disc 3 and is connected to the radially outer end edge of the disc main body portion 31 .
  • the friction portion 32 extends obliquely toward one side in the axial direction while extending radially outward.
  • first tapered portion 22 of the pressure plate 2 and the second tapered portion 111 of the housing 1 extend parallel to the friction portion 32 of the clutch disc 3, these three form a friction clutch extending obliquely with respect to the radial direction R structure, which reduces the radial dimension of the clutch compared with the existing friction clutch having a friction clutch structure extending in the radial direction.
  • the disk engaging portion 33 is connected to the radial inner end edge of the disk main body portion 31 and extends along the axial direction A toward the other side in the axial direction.
  • the disk engaging portion 33 is located radially inside of the support member 13 of the housing 1 , and the disk engaging portion 33 and the output shaft 5 can be connected by splines or interference fit to achieve transmission coupling.
  • each leaf spring 4 may include a plurality of leaves arranged in layers, all of the leaves may have the same shape, and each leaf may be formed as an arc-shaped sheet.
  • a plurality of leaf springs 4 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The leaf spring 4 is arranged in such a way as to provide tension between the pressure plate 2 and the housing 1 .
  • the output shaft 5 is a solid shaft extending linearly along the axis A. As shown in FIG. The output shaft 5 is always drivingly coupled with the disc engagement portion 33 for transmitting torque to the outside of the clutch (such as the transmission).
  • the hybrid power system includes an engine ICE, an electric motor EM and the aforementioned clutch.
  • the engine ICE can be coupled to the shaft of the housing 1 through a vibration damping mechanism (such as a dual-mass flywheel), so that the torque from the engine ICE can be transmitted to the housing 1 .
  • a vibration damping mechanism such as a dual-mass flywheel
  • the rotor of the motor EM can be arranged radially outside the support plate 11 of the housing 1 and is interference fit with the support plate 11 , so that the support plate 11 acts as a rotor support for the rotor, so that the torque from the rotor can be transmitted to the housing 1 .
  • the torque of both the engine ICE and the electric machine EM can be transmitted to the outside of the clutch (such as the transmission) via the housing 1 , the clutch disc 3 and the output shaft 5 .
  • the clutch is disengaged, the torque of both the engine ICE and the electric motor EM is transmitted to the housing 1 .
  • the hybrid system can also include a transmission
  • the transmission input shaft can be coupled with the output shaft 5 of the clutch, or the output shaft 5 can be used as the output shaft of the clutch and/or the input shaft of the transmission, so that the engine ICE and the motor Torque from both EMs can be transferred to the transmission via the clutch.
  • the torque of the transmission can be transmitted to the electric machine EM via the clutch.
  • the engine ICE and the motor EM are always drivingly coupled with the clutch housing 1, so that the torque of the engine ICE and the motor EM can be combined at the housing 1, so the above-mentioned hybrid power system realizes the so-called P1 architecture.
  • the electric machine EM can also be arranged downstream of the clutch in the torque transmission path, thus forming a so-called P2 architecture.
  • the structure of the clutch according to the second embodiment of the present application is basically the same as that of the clutch according to the first embodiment of the present application, and the differences between the two are mainly described below.
  • the end portion of the first tapered portion 22 on the other side in the axial direction is formed into an upturned structure that is bent outward in the radial direction.
  • One end of the leaf spring 4 serving as a reset mechanism is connected to the tilting structure, and the other end is connected to the support plate 11 of the housing 1 .
  • the clutch according to the second embodiment of the present application can have the same effect as the clutch according to the first embodiment of the present application.
  • the housing 1 is composed of a support plate 11 , and the cover plate 12 is omitted.
  • the second tapered portion 111 is a part of the support plate 11 .
  • An oil chamber S is formed between the support member 13 and the pressure plate 2 , and an oil passage 1 p communicating with the oil chamber S is formed in the support member 13 .
  • a seal in order to ensure the tightness of the oil chamber S, a seal can be provided between the cover plate 12 and the pressure plate 2, and a seal can be provided between the pressure plate 2 and the support member 13 , and a sealing ring is provided at the part of the support member 13 connected to the cover plate 12 .
  • a plurality of leaf springs 4 are used as the reset mechanism of the clutch, but the present application is not limited thereto.
  • a coil spring may be used as the reset mechanism.
  • the two ends of the coil spring may not be connected with the housing 1 and the pressing plate 2 , but may be against the housing 1 and the pressing plate 2 .
  • the leaf spring 4 is arranged between the pressure plate 2 and the second tapered portion 111 of the housing 1 to apply a separating force
  • the oil chamber S is used to apply an engaging force to the pressure plate 2 such that The pressure plate 2 overcomes the effect of the leaf spring 4 and clamps the friction disc with the second tapered portion 111 of the housing 1;
  • the leaf spring 4 can also be between the pressure plate 2 and the second tapered portion 111 of the housing 1 It is arranged to apply tension, and the oil chamber S is used to apply a separation force to the pressure plate 2 so that the pressure plate 2 overcomes the action of the leaf spring 4 and separates from the second tapered portion 111 of the housing 1, thereby releasing the friction disc , causing the disengaged frictional engagement.
  • the clutch of the present application includes only one clutch disc 3 and only one pressure plate 2, so as to be compatible with the friction clutch constructed by multiple friction plates and pressure plates of the existing wet multi-plate clutch Compared with the mechanism, the number of components is greatly reduced, so that the structure of the clutch of the present application is simplified and the cost is reduced.
  • the output shaft 5 may or may not be part of the clutch of the present application.
  • the output shaft 5 can also be used as a part of the transmission or as an intermediate member to connect the clutch and the transmission.
  • the clutch of the present application is not limited to use in hybrid vehicles, but can also be used in traditional pure engine-driven vehicles and electric vehicles.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)

Abstract

提供了一种离合器，包括：壳体(1)；压板(2)，其能够沿着离合器的轴向(A)往复运动，压板(2)与壳体(1)之间形成有油腔(S)；离合盘(3)，其包括介于壳体(1)和压板(2)之间的摩擦部(32)，摩擦部(32)朝向径向外侧延伸的同时朝向轴向倾斜地延伸；以及弹簧机构，弹簧机构位于壳体(1)和压板(2)之间。本申请的方案能够减小离合器本身的径向尺寸，使结构被简化并且降低了成本。还提供了一种包括上述离合器的混合动力***。

Description

离合器及混合动力*** 技术领域
本申请涉及车辆的离合器结构，具体地涉及一种离合器以及包括该离合器的混合动力***。
背景技术
在现有的车辆中，通常采用摩擦离合器来实现动力源和变速器之间的传动联接和解除传动联接，现有的摩擦离合器通常为干式离合器和湿式多片离合器。但是以上种类的摩擦离合器存在缺陷。
干式离合器本身的径向尺寸大，需要较大的径向安装空间。而且干式离合器的散热性能较差。
湿式多片离合器本身的径向尺寸大，也需要较大的径向安装空间。另外，湿式多片离合器的结构复杂，成本较高。
发明内容
基于上述现有技术的缺陷而做出了本申请。本申请的一个目的在于提供一种新型的离合器，该离合器与现有的摩擦离合器相比具有较小的径向尺寸，而且与现有的湿式多片离合器相比，该离合器保证散热性能的同时结构简单且成本较低。本申请的另一个目的在于提供包括上述离合器的混合动力***。
为了实现上述发明目的，本申请采用如下的技术方案。
本申请提供了一种如下的离合器，其包括：
壳体，所述壳体用于与动力源传动联接；
压板，所述压板收纳于所述壳体内，所述压板能够沿着所述离合器的轴 向往复运动，所述压板与所述壳体之间形成有用于致动压板的油腔；
离合盘，所述离合盘收纳于所述壳体内，所述离合盘包括介于所述壳体和所述压板之间的摩擦部，所述摩擦部朝向径向外侧延伸的同时朝向轴向倾斜地延伸；以及
弹簧机构，所述弹簧机构位于所述壳体和所述压板之间用以向所述压板施加力作用，使得所述压板能够与所述壳体释放所述离合盘或者夹紧所述离合盘，
其中，当所述油腔中的油对所述压板的压力克服所述弹簧机构的弹性力，使得所述压板和所述壳体两者夹持且抵靠所述摩擦部时，所述壳体与所述离合盘传动联接，所述离合器处于接合状态；或者使得所述压板和所述壳体两者释放所述摩擦部时，所述壳体与所述离合盘脱离传动联接，所述离合器处于分离状态。
在一种可选的方案中，所述离合盘还包括与所述摩擦部固定的盘主体部和盘接合部，所述盘主体部具有圆环形状，所述摩擦部与所述盘主体部的径向外侧端缘相连，所述盘接合部与所述盘主体部的径向内侧端缘相连且沿着所述轴向延伸。
在另一种可选的方案中，所述压板包括板主体部和第一锥状部，所述板主体部具有圆环形状，所述第一锥状部与所述板主体部的径向外侧端缘相连，所述第一锥状部与所述摩擦部相对且与所述摩擦部平行地延伸。
在另一种可选的方案中，所述压板包括多个***部，所述多个***部从所述第一锥状部朝向轴向一侧伸出并且沿着所述离合器的周向间隔开地布置，所述壳体形成有与所述多个***部对应的安装孔，所述多个***部***对应的安装孔中。
在另一种可选的方案中，所述壳体形成有第二锥状部，所述第二锥状部 与所述摩擦部相对且与所述摩擦部平行地延伸，所述第二锥状部和所述第一锥状部位于所述摩擦部的两侧。
在另一种可选的方案中，所述壳体包括支撑板，
所述第二锥状部为所述支撑板的一部分，所述支撑板用于与动力源传动联接，并且
还设置有与所述支撑板相连的支撑部件，在所述支撑部件中形成有与所述油腔连通的油路，并且所述支撑部件与所述压板之间形成所述油腔。
在另一种可选的方案中，所述壳体包括支撑板和盖板，
所述第二锥状部为所述支撑板的一部分，所述支撑板用于与动力源传动联接，
还设置有支撑部件，所述盖板与所述支撑板和所述支撑部件连接，所述压板与所述盖板和所述支撑部件之间形成所述油腔，并且
所述油路形成于所述支撑部件。
在另一种可选的方案中，所述弹簧机构包括在所述离合器的周向上间隔开布置的多个板簧，每个所述板簧的一端部与所述壳体相连且另一端部与所述压板相连。
在另一种可选的方案中，所述多个板簧的一端连接所述压板的径向外侧端，所述多个板簧的另一端连接所述壳体；或者，所述多个板簧的一端连接所述压板的中间部位，所述多个板簧的另一端连接所述壳体。
本申请还提供了一种如下的混合动力***，其包括：
以上技术方案中任意一项技术方案所述的离合器；
发动机，所述发动机与所述离合器的壳体传动联接；以及
电机，所述电机与所述壳体传动联接，或者与所述离合盘传动联接。
通过采用上述技术方案，本申请提供了一种离合器及包括该离合器的混 合动力***。该离合器包括组装在一起的壳体、压板、离合盘和弹簧机构。壳体用于与动力源传动联接。压板和离合盘均收纳于壳体内。压板能够沿着离合器的轴向往复运动，压板与壳体之间形成有油腔。离合盘包括介于压板和壳体之间的摩擦部，摩擦部朝向径向外侧延伸的同时朝向轴向倾斜地延伸。弹簧机构位于壳体和压板之间。这样，当油腔中的油作用于压板的压力克服弹簧机构的弹性力，以使得壳体和压板两者夹持且抵靠摩擦部时，壳体和离合盘实现传动联接，离合器处于接合状态。或者使得压板和壳体两者释放摩擦部时，壳体与离合盘脱离传动联接，离合器处于分离状态。
由于本申请的离合器中的摩擦部形成为相对于离合器的径向倾斜延伸的形状，因而能够减小离合器本身的径向尺寸，由此减小用于安装离合器的空间。进一步地，本申请的离合器的摩擦离合机构通过壳体、离合盘和压板三者实现，与现有的湿式多片离合器的由多个摩擦片和压板构造的摩擦离合机构相比，大幅减少了组成部件的数量，使得本申请的离合器的结构被简化并且降低了成本。
附图说明
图1A是示出了根据本申请的第一实施例的离合器的剖视示意图。
图1B是示出了图1A中的离合器的局部结构的剖视示意图。
图1C是示出了包括图1A中的离合器的混合动力***的局部结构的示意图。
图2是示出了根据本申请的第二实施例的离合器的局部结构的剖视示意图。
附图标记说明
1壳体 1p油路 11支撑板 11s外花键 111第二锥状部 12盖板 13支撑部件
2压板 21板主体部 22第一锥状部 23***部
3离合盘 3h通孔 31盘主体部 32摩擦部 33盘接合部
4板簧
5输出轴
S油腔 ICE发动机 EM电机
A轴向 R径向。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图描述本申请的示例性实施例。应当理解，这些具体的说明仅用于示教本领域技术人员如何实施本申请，而不用于穷举本申请的所有可行的方式，也不用于限制本申请的范围。
在本申请中，如无特殊说明，“轴向”、“径向”和“周向”分别是指离合器(壳体)的轴向、径向和周向。“轴向一侧”是指发动机所在侧，也就是图1A、图1B、图1C和图2中的左侧；“轴向另一侧”是指变速器所在侧，也就是图1A、图1B、图1C和图2中的右侧；“径向外侧”是指在径向上远离离合器(壳体)的中心轴线的那侧，也就是图1B、图1C和图2中的上侧，“径向内侧”是指在径向上接近离合器(壳体)的中心轴线的那侧，也就是图1B、图1C和图2中的下侧。
在本申请中，两个部件“传动联接”是指这两个部件之间能够传递扭矩地连接，不仅包括这两个部件之间直接连接的情况，还包括这两个部件通过其它传动机构间接连接的情况。
以下将结合说明书附图说明根据本申请的第一实施例的离合器的结构。
(根据本申请的第一实施例的离合器)
如图1A和图1B所示，根据本申请的第一实施例的离合器包括组装在一 起的壳体1、压板2、离合盘3、板簧4和输出轴5。壳体1、压板2、离合盘3和输出轴5均为具有中心轴线的旋转体，这四者以同轴的方式组装在一起。
在本实施例中，如图1A和图1B所示，壳体1用于与动力源(例如图1C中所示的发动机ICE和电机EM)传动联接。具体地，壳体1包括固定在一起的支撑板11和盖板12。
支撑板11用于与动力源传动联接。具体地，支撑板11包括固定在一起的轴部和盖部。轴部的轴向一侧端部形成有外花键11s，发动机ICE的输出轴能够经由该外花键11s与支撑板11传动联接。盖部从轴部的轴向另一侧端部朝向径向外侧延伸，并且盖部在朝向径向外侧延伸过程中通过多次弯折获得期望的形状。盖部的径向内侧端部与轴部固定连接，盖部的径向外侧端部与盖板12固定连接。另外，支撑板11形成有第二锥状部111，第二锥状部111与离合盘3的摩擦部32相对且与摩擦部32平行地延伸。第二锥状部111与压板2的下述的第一锥状部22能够相互夹紧且抵靠离合盘3的摩擦部32，使得壳体1和离合盘3能够实现传动联接。
盖板12位于支撑板11的轴向另一侧。盖板12与支撑板11固定连接。具体地，盖板12形成为圆盘形状，盖板12在朝向径向外侧延伸的过程中能够通过多次弯折形成期望的形状。盖板12的径向外侧端部与支撑板11的盖部的径向外侧端部固定连接。盖板12的径向内侧端部支撑在支撑部件13上。支撑部件13在此优选地为变速器的壳体的一部分，支撑部件13一般为静止的，而盖板12能够跟随支撑板11旋转，从而使得盖板12与支撑部件13之间存在相对转动。在此，优选地，在所述盖板12的径向内侧端与支撑部件13之间设置未示出的轴承部件。
该支撑部件13位于盖板12的径向内侧且基本位于支撑板11的轴向另一侧。支撑部件13形成为中空的轴。输出轴5位于该支撑部件13的径向内侧且 与该支撑部件13间隔开地布置。
这样，支撑板11、盖板12和支撑部件13三者包围形成了安装空间，其它部件均收纳于该安装空间内。另外，在本实施例中，盖板12和支撑部件13两者与压板2之间形成油腔S，支撑部件13形成有与油腔S连通的油路1p。经由该油路1p能够将油导入油腔S中，在油压达到一定程度之后作用于压板2的作用力克服板簧4(复位机构)的弹性力，推动压板2朝向轴向一侧运动。
在本实施例中，如图1A和图1B所示，压板2整体形成为圆盘形状。压板2能够沿着轴向A往复运动，实际上起到了活塞的作用。压板2包括形成为一体的板主体部21、第一锥状部22和***部23。
板主体部21具有圆环形状。板主体部21在沿着径向R延伸的过程中进行一次弯折。板主体部21的径向内侧部分与盖板12和支撑部件13形成了油腔S，板主体部21的径向外侧部件与盖板12至少在轴向A上间隔开，形成用于安装板簧4的空间。板主体部21置于支撑部件13上，并且可选地始终由支撑部件13支撑。
第一锥状部22与板主体部21的径向外侧端缘相连，第一锥状部22与离合盘3的摩擦部32相对且与摩擦部32平行地延伸。第一锥状部22和壳体1的第二锥状部111位于摩擦部32的两侧。在压板2朝向轴向一侧运动之后，第一锥状部22和第二锥状部111夹持且抵靠摩擦部32，使得壳体1和离合盘3能够通过上述的夹紧产生的摩擦力实现传动联接。
多个***部23从第一锥状部22朝向轴向一侧伸出并且沿着周向间隔开地布置。壳体1的盖部形成有与***部23对应的安装孔，***部23***对应的安装孔中，使得压板2能够随着壳体1一起抗扭转地转动。
在本实施例中，如图1A和图1B所示，离合盘3能够受控地与壳体1实现传动联接和解除传动联接。具体地，离合盘3包括形成为一体的盘主体部31、 摩擦部32和盘接合部33。
盘主体部31具有圆环形状。盘主体部31大致沿着径向R延伸。盘主体部31形成有多个在轴向A上贯通的通孔3h，这些通孔3h作为离合盘3的通孔3h。这些通孔3h使得离合盘3的轴向两侧连通，也就是使得由壳体1包围的空间内的油能够经由这些通孔3h在离合盘3的两侧流动，有助于改善整个离合器的散热性能和润滑性能。
离合盘3的外周部包括介于压板2的第一锥状部22和壳体1的第二锥状部111之间的摩擦部32，摩擦部32的两侧可以通过耐磨材料形成摩擦层。摩擦部32构成离合盘3的径向最外侧部分且与盘主体部31的径向外侧端缘相连。摩擦部32朝向径向外侧延伸的同时朝向轴向一侧倾斜地延伸。由于压板2的第一锥状部22和壳体1的第二锥状部111与离合盘3的摩擦部32平行地延伸，因而这三者形成了相对于径向R倾斜地延伸的摩擦离合结构，这与具有沿着径向延伸的摩擦离合结构的现有的摩擦离合器相比，减小了离合器的径向尺寸。
盘接合部33与盘主体部31的径向内侧端缘相连且沿着轴向A朝向轴向另一侧延伸。盘接合部33位于壳体1的支撑部件13的径向内侧，并且盘接合部33与输出轴5可以通过花键接合或者以过盈配合的方式实现传动联接。
在本实施例中，如图1A和图1B所示，在周向上间隔开布置的多个板簧4作为复位机构。每个板簧4的一端部与壳体1相连且另一端部与压板2相连。每个板簧4均可以包括层叠布置的多个叶片，所有叶片的形状可以相同，每个叶片可以形成为圆弧形的薄片。多个板簧4在周向上均匀分布。板簧4以在压板2与壳体1之间提供拉紧力的方式而布置。
在本实施例中，如图1A和图1B所示，输出轴5为沿着轴向A直线状延伸的实心轴。输出轴5与盘接合部33始终传动联接，用于向离合器的外部(例如变速器)传递扭矩。
通过采用上述的方案，当油腔S中的油作用于压板2的压力克服板簧4的弹性力，以使得壳体1和压板2两者夹持且抵靠摩擦部32时，壳体1和离合盘3实现传动联接，离合器处于接合状态。这时，来自壳体1的扭矩能够经由离合盘3和输出轴5传递到离合器的外部。在油腔S中的油排出之后，复位机构使壳体1和离合盘3解除传动联接，离合器处于分离状态。
以下说明利用根据本申请的第一实施例的离合器构建的一种混合动力***的结构。
如图1C所示，该混合动力***包括发动机ICE、电机EM和上述离合器。
发动机ICE可以经由减振机构(例如双质量飞轮)与壳体1的轴部实现传动联接，使得来自发动机ICE的扭矩能够传递到壳体1。
电机EM的转子可以设置在壳体1的支撑板11的径向外侧且与支撑板11过盈配合，由此支撑板11作为转子的转子支架，使得来自转子的扭矩能够传递到壳体1。
当离合器处于接合状态时，发动机ICE和电机EM两者的扭矩能够经由壳体1、离合盘3和输出轴5传递到离合器的外部(例如变速器)。当离合器处于分离状态时，发动机ICE和电机EM两者的扭矩传递到壳体1为止。
实际上，该混合动力***还可以包括变速器，变速器的输入轴可以与离合器的输出轴5传动联接，或者该输出轴5作为离合器的输出轴和/或变速器的输入轴，由此发动机ICE和电机EM两者的扭矩能够经由离合器传递到变速器。而且，在某些工作模式(例如制动能量回收模式)中，变速器的扭矩能够经由离合器传递到电机EM。
在上述混合动力***中，发动机ICE和电机EM与离合器的壳体1始终传动联接，由此发动机ICE和电机EM的扭矩能够在壳体1处结合在一起，因此上述混合动力***实现了所谓P1架构。当然，替代地，电机EM也可以设置 在扭矩传递路径中的离合器的下游，从而形成所谓P2架构。
以下将结合说明书附图说明根据本申请的第二实施例的离合器的结构。
(根据本申请的第二实施例的离合器)
如图2所示，根据本申请的第二实施例的离合器的结构与根据本申请的第一实施例的离合器的结构基本相同，以下主要说明两者之间的不同之处。
如图2所示，在本实施例中，第一锥状部22的轴向另一侧端部形成为朝向径向外侧弯折的翘起结构。作为复位机构的板簧4的一端部与该翘起结构相连，另一端部与壳体1的支撑板11相连。根据本申请的第二实施例的离合器能够具有与根据本申请的第一实施例的离合器相同的效果。
本申请不限于上述实施例，本领域技术人员在本申请的教导下可以对本申请的上述实施例做出各种变型，而不脱离本申请的范围。另外，进行以下补充说明。
i.在本申请的第二实施例的离合器的一个变型例中，壳体1由支撑板11构成，而省略了盖板12。在该变型例中，第二锥状部111为支撑板11的一部分。支撑部件13与压板2之间形成油腔S，并且与油腔S连通的油路1p形成于支撑部件13。
可以理解，在以上的实施例和变型例中，为了保证油腔S的密封性，可以在盖板12和压板2之间设置有密封件，在压板2和支撑部件13之间设置有密封件，并且在支撑部件13的与盖板12连接的部位设置有的密封圈。
ii.以上说明了利用多个板簧4作为离合器的复位机构，但是本申请不限于此，例如可以采用螺旋弹簧作为复位机构。在采用螺旋弹簧作为复位机构的情况下，螺旋弹簧的两端可以不与壳体1和压板2相连，而是可以抵靠于壳体1和压板2。
虽然在以上的实施例中，板簧4在压板2与壳体1的第二锥状部111之间以 施加分离力的方式而被布置，而油腔S用以向压板2施加接合力使得压板2克服板簧4的作用而与壳体1的第二锥状部111夹紧摩擦盘；但是替代地，板簧4也可以在压板2与壳体1的第二锥状部111之间以施加拉紧力的方式而被布置，而油腔S用以向压板2施加分离力使得压板2克服板簧4的作用而与壳体1的第二锥状部111分离，从而释放摩擦盘，使得断开摩擦接合。
iii.可以理解，在以上的具体实施例中，本申请的离合器包括仅一个离合盘3和仅一个压板2，从而与现有的湿式多片离合器的由多个摩擦片和压板构造的摩擦离合机构相比，大幅减少了组成部件的数量，使得本申请的离合器的结构被简化并且降低了成本。
iv.可以理解，输出轴5可以作为或不作为本申请的离合器的一部分。例如，输出轴5还可以作为变速器的一部分或者作为中间构件来连接离合器和变速器。
v.可以理解，由于离合器的壳体1和离合盘3之间通过摩擦力矩来传递扭矩，因而在所传递的扭矩超出壳体1和离合盘3之间摩擦离合机构所能够传递力矩的极限之后，壳体1和离合盘3之间发生打滑，由此根据本申请的离合器具有扭矩限制功能。
vi.本申请的离合器不限于用于混合动力车辆，也可以用于传统的纯发动机驱动的车辆以及电动车辆中。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种离合器，其包括：
    壳体(1)，所述壳体(1)用于与动力源传动联接；
    压板(2)，所述压板(2)收纳于所述壳体(1)内，所述压板(2)能够沿着所述离合器的轴向(A)往复运动，所述压板(2)与所述壳体(1)之间形成有用于致动压板(2)的油腔(S)；
    离合盘(3)，所述离合盘(3)收纳于所述壳体(1)内，所述离合盘(3)包括介于所述壳体(1)和所述压板(2)之间的摩擦部(32)，所述摩擦部(32)朝向径向外侧延伸的同时朝向轴向倾斜地延伸；以及
    弹簧机构，所述弹簧机构位于所述壳体(1)和所述压板(2)之间用以向所述压板(2)施加力作用，使得所述压板(2)能够与所述壳体(1)释放所述离合盘(3)或者夹紧所述离合盘(3)，
    其中，当所述油腔(S)中的油对所述压板(2)的压力克服所述弹簧机构的弹性力，使得所述压板(2)和所述壳体(1)两者夹持且抵靠所述摩擦部(32)时，所述壳体(1)与所述离合盘(3)传动联接，所述离合器处于接合状态；或者使得所述压板(2)和所述壳体(1)两者释放所述摩擦部(32)时，所述壳体(1)与所述离合盘(3)脱离传动联接，所述离合器处于分离状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的离合器，其特征在于，所述离合盘(3)还包括与所述摩擦部(32)固定的盘主体部(31)和盘接合部(33)，所述盘主体部(31)具有圆环形状，所述摩擦部(32)与所述盘主体部(31)的径向外侧端缘相连，所述盘接合部(33)与所述盘主体部(31)的径向内侧端缘相连且沿着所述轴向(A)延伸。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的离合器，其特征在于，所述压板(2)包括板主体部(21)和第一锥状部(22)，所述板主体部(21)具有圆环形状，所述 第一锥状部(22)与所述板主体部(21)的径向外侧端缘相连，所述第一锥状部(22)与所述摩擦部(32)相对且与所述摩擦部(32)平行地延伸。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的离合器，其特征在于，所述压板(2)包括多个***部(23)，所述多个***部(23)从所述第一锥状部(22)朝向轴向一侧伸出并且沿着所述离合器的周向间隔开地布置，所述壳体(1)形成有与所述多个***部(23)对应的安装孔，所述多个***部(23)***对应的安装孔中。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的离合器，其特征在于，所述壳体(1)形成有第二锥状部(111)，所述第二锥状部(111)与所述摩擦部(32)相对且与所述摩擦部(32)平行地延伸，所述第二锥状部(111)和所述第一锥状部(22)位于所述摩擦部(32)的两侧。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的离合器，其特征在于，所述壳体(1)包括支撑板(11)，
    所述第二锥状部(111)为所述支撑板(11)的一部分，所述支撑板(11)用于与动力源传动联接，并且
    还设置有与所述支撑板(11)相连的支撑部件(13)，在所述支撑部件(13)中形成有与所述油腔(S)连通的油路(1p)，并且所述支撑部件(13)与所述压板(2)之间形成所述油腔(S)。
  7. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的离合器，其特征在于，所述壳体(1)包括支撑板(11)和盖板(12)，
    所述第二锥状部(111)为所述支撑板(11)的一部分，所述支撑板(11)用于与动力源传动联接，
    还设置有支撑部件(13)，所述盖板(12)与所述支撑板(11)和所述支撑部件(13)连接，所述压板(2)与所述盖板(12)和所述支撑部件(13) 之间形成所述油腔(S)，并且
    所述油路(1p)形成于所述支撑部件(13)。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的离合器，其特征在于，所述弹簧机构包括在所述离合器的周向上间隔开布置的多个板簧(4)，每个所述板簧(4)的一端部与所述壳体(1)相连且另一端部与所述压板(2)相连。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的离合器，其特征在于，所述多个板簧(4)的一端连接所述压板(2)的径向外侧端，所述多个板簧(4)的另一端连接所述壳体(1)；或者，所述多个板簧(4)的一端连接所述压板(2)的中间部位，所述多个板簧(4)的另一端连接所述壳体(1)。
  10. 一种混合动力***，其包括：
    权利要求1至9中任一项所述的离合器；
    发动机(ICE)，所述发动机(ICE)与所述离合器的壳体(1)传动联接；以及
    电机(EM)，所述电机(EM)与所述壳体(1)传动联接，或者与所述离合盘(3)传动联接。
PCT/CN2021/128168 2021-11-02 2021-11-02 离合器及混合动力*** WO2023077265A1 (zh)

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CN101046232A (zh) * 2006-03-31 2007-10-03 株式会社艾科赛迪 摩托车离合装置
CN101317021A (zh) * 2005-11-29 2008-12-03 卢克摩擦片和离合器两合公司 离合器总成
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1128329A (zh) * 1994-06-21 1996-08-07 达纳公司 自动调节的摩擦转矩装置
CN1218152A (zh) * 1997-09-30 1999-06-02 易通公司 带有偏置元件的滚珠斜道传动离合器
CN1281539A (zh) * 1997-12-09 2001-01-24 卢克摩擦片和离合器有限公司 摩擦离合器
EP1134447A2 (de) * 2000-03-16 2001-09-19 Mannesmann Sachs Aktiengesellschaft Doppelkupplungsanordnung
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