WO2023050969A1 - Battery cell, battery and electric apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided in the embodiments of the present application are a battery cell, a battery and an electric apparatus, which belong to the technical field of power battery safety. An end cap covers a housing in a first direction; a positive electrode tab, a separator and a negative electrode tab in an electrode assembly are stacked in a second direction; and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, such that gas and an expansion force which are generated by a reaction are more easily transmitted in the second direction, so as to reduce the influence on a connection portion between the housing and the end cap. The adjacent positive electrode tab and negative electrode tab have different dimensions in a third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction, such that two ends of the adjacent positive electrode tab and negative electrode tab in the third direction form an accommodating space, so as to facilitate gas discharging to the accommodating space in a timely manner, and thus gas generated between the electrode tabs is more easily transferred in the third direction to the accommodating space, such that battery swelling and bulging are reduced, and the force experienced at the connection portion of the end cap and the housing due to battery expansion is also reduced, thereby improving battery safety and prolonging the cycle life.

Description

一种电池单体、电池及用电装置A battery cell, battery and electrical device

相关申请的交叉引用Cross References to Related Applications

本申请要求享有于2021年9月29日提交的名称为“一种电池单体、电池及用电装置”的中国专利申请202122383952.4的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application 202122383952.4 entitled "A battery cell, battery and electrical device" filed on September 29, 2021, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference.

技术领域technical field

本申请实施例涉及动力电池安全技术领域，尤其涉及一种电池单体、电池及用电装置。The embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of power battery safety, and in particular to a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device.

背景技术Background technique

随着全球化石能源的日益紧张和环境污染的日益加剧，新能源汽车和分布式能源站的快速发展，小型锂离子电池已经不能满足电动汽车、电力储能和错峰调节等方面的需求，世界各国政府、研究机构和生产企业都投入巨资研究大容量、高功率锂离子动力电池。大容量、高功率的锂离子动力电池在充放电使用过程中，一些反应的发生会产生一些气体，从而使锂离子电池出现不同程度的胀气、鼓肚、泄露等问题，从而严重影响锂离子电池的安全性能和循环寿命。With the increasing tension of global fossil energy and the increasing environmental pollution, and the rapid development of new energy vehicles and distributed energy stations, small lithium-ion batteries can no longer meet the needs of electric vehicles, power storage and peak-shift regulation. Governments, research institutes and manufacturers of various countries have invested heavily in the research of large-capacity, high-power lithium-ion power batteries. During the charging and discharging process of large-capacity and high-power lithium-ion power batteries, some reactions will generate some gas, which will cause problems such as flatulence, bulging, and leakage of lithium-ion batteries to varying degrees, which will seriously affect the lithium-ion battery. Safety performance and cycle life.

发明内容Contents of the invention

鉴于上述问题，本申请实施例提供了一种电池单体、电池及用电装置，能够减少电池出现胀气和鼓肚、泄漏，提高电池的安全性能和循环寿命。In view of the above problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device, which can reduce gas, bulging, and leakage of the battery, and improve the safety performance and cycle life of the battery.

根据本申请实施例的第一方面，提供了一种电池单体，包括：According to the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a battery cell is provided, including:

壳体，具有容纳腔和开口；The housing has an accommodating cavity and an opening;

端盖组件，沿第一方向盖合于开口；an end cover assembly, covering the opening along a first direction;

电极组件，容纳于容纳腔内，电极组件包括沿第二方向层叠设置的多个正极片、多个隔离件和多个负极片，隔离件位于正极片和负极片之间以隔开正极片和负极片；The electrode assembly is accommodated in the accommodating chamber, the electrode assembly includes a plurality of positive electrode sheets stacked along the second direction, a plurality of separators and a plurality of negative electrode sheets, and the separator is located between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to separate the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. Negative plate;

其中，相邻正极片和负极片沿第三方向的尺寸不同，第一方向、第二方向、第三方向相互垂直。Wherein, adjacent positive electrode sheets and negative electrode sheets have different sizes along the third direction, and the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

通过上述方案，将多个正极片、多个隔离件和多个负极片沿第二方向层叠设置，使得反应产生的气体更容易沿第二方向传递，以降低对壳体与端盖组件之间的连接处造成的影响。相邻的正极片和负极片沿第三方向的尺寸不同，第三方向垂直于第一方向和第二方向，使得极片沿第二方向的两端可以形成容纳空间，便于气体及时***至容纳空间，从而使极片间产生的气体能够沿第三方向传递至容纳空间，在减少电池出现胀气和鼓肚的同时，减少端盖和壳体连接处由于电池膨胀所受的力，提高了电池的安全性能和循环寿命。Through the above scheme, a plurality of positive electrode sheets, a plurality of separators and a plurality of negative electrode sheets are stacked along the second direction, so that the gas generated by the reaction is more easily transmitted along the second direction, so as to reduce the impact on the gap between the casing and the end cap assembly. the impact of the connection. Adjacent positive electrode pieces and negative electrode pieces have different sizes along the third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction, so that the two ends of the electrode pieces along the second direction can form a storage space, which is convenient for gas to be discharged into the storage space in time. space, so that the gas generated between the pole pieces can be transferred to the accommodation space along the third direction, while reducing the battery's bloating and bulging, it also reduces the force on the connection between the end cover and the shell due to battery expansion, and improves the battery life. Safety performance and cycle life.

在一些实施例中，壳体包括与第三方向平行并与第二方向垂直的中心面，电极组件包括第一极片和第二极片，第一极片和第二极片为多个负极片和多个正极片中的任意两个极片；In some embodiments, the casing includes a central plane parallel to the third direction and perpendicular to the second direction, the electrode assembly includes a first pole piece and a second pole piece, and the first pole piece and the second pole piece are a plurality of negative poles sheet and any two pole pieces in a plurality of positive pole pieces;

第一极片比第二极片更靠近中心面，第一极片沿第三方向的尺寸大于第二极片沿第三方向的尺寸。The first pole piece is closer to the central plane than the second pole piece, and the size of the first pole piece along the third direction is larger than the size of the second pole piece along the third direction.

通过上述方案，更靠近大面积的中心面的第一极片沿第三方向的尺寸大于远离中心面的第二极片沿第三方向的尺寸。这样，在不同尺寸的第一极片和第二极片沿第三方向的两端可以形成用于容纳气体的空间，便于气体的排出。另外，圆柱壳体沿第三方向的尺寸从中心面至壳体内壁依次 减小，将靠近中心面的第一极片沿第三方向的尺寸设置得较长，可以有效利用壳体内容纳腔的空间，在保证排气效果的同时提高电池单体的容量。Through the above scheme, the dimension along the third direction of the first pole piece closer to the large-area central plane is larger than the dimension along the third direction of the second pole piece away from the central plane. In this way, spaces for accommodating gas can be formed at both ends of the first pole piece and the second pole piece of different sizes along the third direction, so as to facilitate the discharge of gas. In addition, the size of the cylindrical shell along the third direction decreases successively from the center plane to the inner wall of the shell, and the dimension of the first pole piece near the center plane along the third direction is set to be longer, which can effectively utilize the capacity of the housing cavity. Space, to increase the capacity of the battery cell while ensuring the exhaust effect.

在一些实施例中，沿第一方向，负极片的尺寸大于正极片的尺寸。In some embodiments, along the first direction, the size of the negative electrode sheet is larger than the size of the positive electrode sheet.

通过上述方案，将负极片沿第一方向的尺寸设置大于正极片沿第一方向的尺寸，使得在壳体的高度方向上形成负极片包正极片的结构，避免由于嵌锂不足而发生析锂，影响电池单体的循环性能和安全性能。Through the above scheme, the size of the negative electrode sheet along the first direction is set to be larger than the size of the positive electrode sheet along the first direction, so that a structure in which the negative electrode sheet wraps the positive electrode sheet is formed in the height direction of the casing, and lithium precipitation due to insufficient lithium intercalation is avoided. , affecting the cycle performance and safety performance of the battery cell.

在一些实施例中，电极组件包括中间层，中间层为负极片。In some embodiments, the electrode assembly includes an intermediate layer, and the intermediate layer is a negative electrode sheet.

通过上述方案，电极组件的中间层设置为负极片，使得中间层的负极片的面积较大，便于形成负极片包正极片的结构，以避免由于嵌锂不足而发生析锂，影响电池单体的性能。Through the above scheme, the middle layer of the electrode assembly is set as a negative electrode sheet, so that the area of the negative electrode sheet in the middle layer is larger, and it is convenient to form a structure in which the negative electrode sheet wraps the positive electrode sheet, so as to avoid lithium precipitation due to insufficient lithium intercalation and affect the battery cell. performance.

在一些实施例中，电极组件包括最外层，最外层为正极片。In some embodiments, the electrode assembly includes an outermost layer, and the outermost layer is a positive electrode sheet.

通过上述方案，电极组件的最外层设置为正极片，使得最外层的正极片的面积较小，便于在次外层设置面积较大的负极片，从而便于形成负极片包正极片的结构，避免由于嵌锂不足而发生析锂，影响电池单体的性能。Through the above scheme, the outermost layer of the electrode assembly is set as a positive electrode sheet, so that the area of the outermost positive electrode sheet is smaller, and it is convenient to arrange a larger negative electrode sheet on the second outer layer, thereby facilitating the formation of a structure in which the negative electrode sheet wraps the positive electrode sheet , to avoid lithium precipitation due to insufficient lithium intercalation, which affects the performance of the battery cell.

在一些实施例中，壳体包括与第三方向平行并与第二方向垂直的中心面，电极组件包括第一正极片，第一正极片包括第一集流体和第一活性物质层，第一集流体包括沿第二方向相对设置的第一表面和第二表面，第一表面面向中心面，第一活性物质层涂覆于第一表面和第二表面上，In some embodiments, the casing includes a central plane parallel to the third direction and perpendicular to the second direction, the electrode assembly includes a first positive electrode sheet, the first positive electrode sheet includes a first current collector and a first active material layer, and the first positive electrode sheet includes a first current collector and a first active material layer. The current collector includes a first surface and a second surface oppositely arranged along a second direction, the first surface faces the central plane, and a first active material layer is coated on the first surface and the second surface,

第一活性物质层在第一表面上沿第三方向的涂覆尺寸大于或等于在第二表面上沿第三方向的涂覆尺寸。The coating size of the first active material layer along the third direction on the first surface is greater than or equal to the coating size of the second surface along the third direction.

通过上述方案，沿第三方向，将第一活性物质层在面向中心面的第一表面的涂覆尺寸设置大于或等于背向中心面的第二表面的涂覆尺寸，可以有效利用壳体内容纳腔的空间，在保证排气效果的基础上提高电池单体的容量。Through the above solution, along the third direction, the coating size of the first active material layer on the first surface facing the central plane is set to be greater than or equal to the coating size of the second surface facing away from the central plane, which can effectively utilize the The space of the cavity improves the capacity of the battery cell on the basis of ensuring the exhaust effect.

在一些实施例中，电极组件还包括与第一正极片相邻的第一负极片，第一负极片位于第一正极片远离中心面的一侧，第一负极片包括第二集流体和第二活性物质层，第二集流体包括与第一正极片的第二表面相对的第三表面，In some embodiments, the electrode assembly further includes a first negative electrode sheet adjacent to the first positive electrode sheet, the first negative electrode sheet is located on a side of the first positive electrode sheet away from the central plane, the first negative electrode sheet includes a second current collector and a second two active material layers, the second current collector includes a third surface opposite to the second surface of the first positive electrode sheet,

第二活性物质层在第三表面上沿第三方向的涂覆尺寸大于或等于第一活性物质层在第二表面上沿第三方向的涂覆尺寸。The coating size of the second active material layer on the third surface along the third direction is greater than or equal to the coating size of the first active material layer on the second surface along the third direction.

通过上述方案，沿第三方向，将第二活性物质层在第三表面上的涂覆尺寸设置得大于或等于第一活性物质层在第二表面上的涂覆尺寸，可以便于形成负极片包正极片的结构，避免由于嵌锂不足而发生析锂，影响电池单体的性能，同时可以有效利用壳体内容纳腔的空间，在保证排气效果的基础上提高电池单体的容量。Through the above scheme, along the third direction, the coating size of the second active material layer on the third surface is set to be greater than or equal to the coating size of the first active material layer on the second surface, which can facilitate the formation of negative electrode sheet packaging. The structure of the positive plate avoids lithium precipitation due to insufficient lithium intercalation, which affects the performance of the battery cell. At the same time, it can effectively use the space in the housing cavity to increase the capacity of the battery cell on the basis of ensuring the exhaust effect.

在一些实施例中，沿第一方向，隔离件的尺寸大于负极片的尺寸。In some embodiments, the size of the separator is larger than the size of the negative electrode sheet along the first direction.

通过上述方案，隔离件沿第一方向的尺寸设置得大于负极片沿第一方向的尺寸，便于在壳体的高度方向上使隔离件有效隔离正极片和负极片，避免正极片和负极片接触发生短路。Through the above scheme, the size of the separator along the first direction is set to be larger than the size of the negative electrode sheet along the first direction, so that the separator can effectively isolate the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet in the height direction of the casing, and avoid contact between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet A short circuit has occurred.

在一些实施例中，电极组件包括相邻的第一极片和第一隔离件，沿第三方向，第一隔离件的尺寸大于或等于第一极片的尺寸。In some embodiments, the electrode assembly includes an adjacent first pole piece and a first separator, and along the third direction, the size of the first separator is greater than or equal to the size of the first pole piece.

通过上述方案，第一隔离件沿第三方向的尺寸设置地大于或等于任一与其相邻的第一极片沿第三方向的尺寸，便于在第三方向上使第一隔离件有效隔离相邻的正负极片。Through the above solution, the size of the first spacer along the third direction is set to be greater than or equal to the size of any adjacent first pole piece along the third direction, so that the first spacer can effectively isolate the adjacent pole pieces in the third direction. positive and negative plates.

在一些实施例中，第一隔离件沿第三方向的两端设置有第一弯折部，第一弯折部朝向第一极片弯折，以使第一隔离件的至少部分位于第一极片和壳体之间；第一弯折部设置有多个第一排气孔，第一排气孔被配置为允许气体经过多个第一排气孔排出至第一弯折部与壳体之间。In some embodiments, both ends of the first spacer along the third direction are provided with first bent parts, and the first bent parts are bent toward the first pole piece, so that at least part of the first spacer is located at the first pole piece. Between the pole piece and the housing; the first bending part is provided with a plurality of first exhaust holes, and the first exhaust holes are configured to allow gas to be discharged to the first bending part and the shell through the plurality of first exhaust holes between bodies.

通过上述方案，在第一隔离件沿第三方向的两端设置第一弯折部， 第一弯折部设置多个第一排气孔，在保证排气效果的同时可以减少第一极片与壳体之间的短路风险。Through the above solution, the first bending part is provided at both ends of the first spacer along the third direction, and the first bending part is provided with a plurality of first exhaust holes, which can reduce the number of first pole pieces while ensuring the exhaust effect. Risk of short circuit to case.

在一些实施例中，电极组件还包括第二隔离件，第二隔离件沿第三方向的两端设置有第二弯折部，第二弯折部朝向第一隔离件弯折并与第一弯折部相接；第二弯折部设置有多个第二排气孔，第二排气孔被配置为允许气体经过多个第二排气孔排出至第二弯折部与壳体之间。In some embodiments, the electrode assembly further includes a second separator, and a second bending portion is provided at both ends of the second separator along the third direction, and the second bending portion is bent toward the first separator and connected to the first separator. The bent parts are connected; the second bent part is provided with a plurality of second exhaust holes, and the second exhaust holes are configured to allow gas to be discharged to the gap between the second bent part and the housing through the plurality of second exhaust holes between.

通过上述方案，第一隔离件和第二隔离件沿第三方向的两端，通过将第二弯折部朝向第一隔离件弯折并与第一弯折部相接，第一隔离件和第二隔离件之间形成环形的绝缘部。第一隔离件和第二隔离件之间的极片位于该绝缘部中，可以很好地与壳体绝缘。第二弯折部设置多个第二排气孔，可以顺利将反应产生的气体排出至第二弯折部与壳体之间。也就是说，本申请实施例在保证排气效果的同时可以减少极片与壳体之间的短路风险。Through the above-mentioned solution, the two ends of the first spacer and the second spacer along the third direction, by bending the second bent part toward the first spacer and connecting with the first bent part, the first spacer and the second spacer An annular insulating portion is formed between the second spacers. The pole piece between the first spacer and the second spacer is located in the insulating part and can be well insulated from the housing. The second bending part is provided with a plurality of second exhaust holes, which can smoothly discharge the gas generated by the reaction to between the second bending part and the casing. That is to say, the embodiment of the present application can reduce the short circuit risk between the pole piece and the casing while ensuring the exhaust effect.

在一些实施例中，电极组件包括多个第三隔离件，多个第三隔离件沿第三方向的两端均设置有第三弯折部，多个第三弯折部均朝同一方向弯折，并且，多个第三弯折部相接以形成环形的绝缘部，绝缘部用于将多个正极片和多个负极片与壳体绝缘；第三弯折部设置有多个第三排气孔，第三排气孔被配置为允许气体经过多个第三排气孔排出至第三弯折部与壳体之间。In some embodiments, the electrode assembly includes a plurality of third separators, third bending portions are provided at both ends of the plurality of third separators along the third direction, and the plurality of third bending portions are bent in the same direction. and a plurality of third bending parts are connected to form an annular insulating part, and the insulating part is used to insulate a plurality of positive electrode sheets and a plurality of negative electrode sheets from the casing; the third bending part is provided with a plurality of third The exhaust hole, the third exhaust hole is configured to allow gas to be discharged between the third bending portion and the casing through the plurality of third exhaust holes.

通过上述方案，第三隔离件沿第三方向的两端，通过将多个第三弯折部沿第二方向同向弯折后相接形成环形的绝缘部。多个第三隔离件之间极片位于该绝缘部中，可以很好地与壳体绝缘。第三弯折部设置多个第三排气孔，可以顺利将反应产生的气体排出至第三弯折部与壳体之间。也就是说，本申请实施例在保证排气效果的同时可以减少极片与壳体之间的短路风险。Through the above solution, the two ends of the third spacer along the third direction are bent in the same direction along the second direction by a plurality of third bending parts and connected to form an annular insulating part. The pole pieces are located in the insulating part between the third separators, which can be well insulated from the casing. The third bending part is provided with a plurality of third exhaust holes, which can smoothly discharge the gas generated by the reaction to between the third bending part and the casing. That is to say, the embodiment of the present application can reduce the short circuit risk between the pole piece and the casing while ensuring the exhaust effect.

在一些实施例中，电池单体还包括设置于壳体内表面的绝缘防护层，绝缘防护层用于将多个正极片和多个负极片与壳体绝缘。In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes an insulating protection layer disposed on the inner surface of the casing, and the insulating protection layer is used to insulate the plurality of positive electrode sheets and the plurality of negative electrode sheets from the casing.

通过上述方案，在壳体内表面设置绝缘防护层，可以将电极组件中的正极片和负极片与壳体绝缘，进一步降低极片与壳体之间的短路风险。Through the above solution, an insulating protective layer is provided on the inner surface of the casing, which can insulate the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet in the electrode assembly from the casing, further reducing the risk of short circuit between the electrode sheet and the casing.

在一些实施例中，多个隔离件连接为一体，多个隔离件包括位于同一负极片两侧的第一隔离件和第二隔离件，以及，位于同一正极片两侧的第三隔离件和第四隔离件；第一隔离件和第二隔离件在电池单体沿第一方向的一端相连接，第三隔离件和第四隔离件在电池单体沿第一方向的另一端相连接。In some embodiments, a plurality of separators are connected as a whole, and the plurality of separators include a first separator and a second separator located on both sides of the same negative electrode sheet, and a third separator and a second separator located on both sides of the same positive electrode sheet. The fourth separator: the first separator and the second separator are connected at one end of the battery cell along the first direction, and the third separator and the fourth separator are connected at the other end of the battery cell along the first direction.

通过上述方案，将隔离件连接为一体，可以避免在组装电极组件时多次叠放隔离件，提高了电极组件的组装效率。另外，将负极片两侧的隔离件沿第一方向的一端连接，将正极片两侧的隔离件沿第一方向的另一端连接，使得隔离件沿第一方向的两端分别相连，可以阻挡反应产生的气体沿第一方向流动，避免对壳体两端的端盖组件造成冲击，提高了电池的安全性能。Through the above solution, the separators are connected as a whole, which can avoid multiple stacking of the separators when assembling the electrode assembly, and improve the assembly efficiency of the electrode assembly. In addition, connect the separators on both sides of the negative electrode sheet along one end of the first direction, and connect the separators on both sides of the positive electrode sheet along the other end of the first direction, so that the two ends of the separator along the first direction are connected respectively, which can prevent The gas generated by the reaction flows along the first direction, avoiding the impact on the end cover components at both ends of the casing, and improving the safety performance of the battery.

在一些实施例中，电极组件还包括多个由正极片沿第一方向延伸出的正极极耳，以及，多个由负极片沿第一方向延伸出的负极极耳，多个正极极耳和多个负极极耳分别设置于隔离件沿第一方向的两侧，隔离件用于隔离正极极耳与负极极耳。In some embodiments, the electrode assembly further includes a plurality of positive tabs extending from the positive sheet along the first direction, and a plurality of negative tabs extending from the negative sheet along the first direction, the plurality of positive tabs and A plurality of negative electrode tabs are respectively disposed on both sides of the separator along the first direction, and the separator is used to isolate the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab.

通过上述方案，将正极极耳和负极极耳分别沿第一方向从正极片和负极片伸出，且使正极极耳和负极极耳分别位于隔离件沿第一方向的两侧，这样，在负极片两侧的隔离件沿第一方向的一端连接，正极片两侧的隔离件沿第一方向的另一端连接的基础上，正极极耳在通过转接组件连接至端盖组件时不会与连接负极极耳的转接组件电连接，负极极耳在通过转接组件连接至端盖组件时也不会与连接正极极耳的转接组件电连接，提高 了电池的安全性能。Through the above scheme, the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab are respectively extended from the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet along the first direction, and the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab are respectively located on both sides of the separator along the first direction. On the basis that the separators on both sides of the negative electrode sheet are connected along one end of the first direction, and the separators on both sides of the positive electrode sheet are connected along the other end of the first direction, the positive electrode tab will not be connected to the end cap assembly through the adapter assembly. It is electrically connected with the transition assembly connected to the negative tab, and the negative tab will not be electrically connected to the transition assembly connected to the positive tab when the negative tab is connected to the end cap assembly through the transition assembly, which improves the safety performance of the battery.

根据本申请实施例的第二个方面，提供了一种电池，包括第一方面的电池单体。According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a battery is provided, including the battery cell of the first aspect.

根据本申请实施例的第三个方面，提供了一种用电装置，包括第二方面的电池，电池用于提供电能。According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided an electrical device, including the battery of the second aspect, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy.

本申请实施例中，将多个正极片、多个隔离件和多个负极片沿第二方向层叠设置，使得反应产生的气体以及膨胀力沿壳体的径向传递，不会对壳体与端盖组件之间的薄弱连接处造成损伤，反应产生的气体不会聚集在正负极片之间排不出去，从而不会撑大相邻正负极片之间的间隙而规避增大析锂风险，也不会影响电池单体的容量和安全性能。另外，相邻正极片和负极片沿第三方向的尺寸不同，沿第三方向尺寸较小的极片的两侧没有其他极片相对，产气量和膨胀力较小，不会对壳体造成较大冲击。并且，相邻正极片和负极片可以在沿第三方向的两端形成容纳空间，反应产生的气体很容易从压力较高的正负极片之间的间隙流向压力较低的容纳空间，使得气体能够及时***至容纳空间，从而使膨胀力及时沿第三方向传递，避免电池出现胀气和鼓肚。减少了膨胀力沿第一方向传递的可能，有效避免了对端盖组件与壳体连接处的冲击，避免电池出现泄漏，提高了电池的安全性能和循环寿命。In the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of positive electrode sheets, a plurality of separators and a plurality of negative electrode sheets are stacked along the second direction, so that the gas generated by the reaction and the expansion force are transmitted along the radial direction of the casing, and there is no impact on the casing and the casing. The weak connection between the end cover components will cause damage, and the gas generated by the reaction will not accumulate between the positive and negative electrodes and cannot be discharged, so as not to widen the gap between the adjacent positive and negative electrodes to avoid increasing the analysis. Lithium risks will not affect the capacity and safety performance of battery cells. In addition, adjacent positive and negative electrodes have different sizes along the third direction, and there are no other electrodes on both sides of the electrode with the smaller size along the third direction, so the gas production and expansion force are small, and will not cause damage to the casing. Big impact. Moreover, adjacent positive and negative electrodes can form accommodation spaces at both ends along the third direction, and the gas generated by the reaction can easily flow from the gap between the positive and negative electrodes with higher pressure to the accommodation space with lower pressure, so that The gas can be discharged to the containing space in time, so that the expansion force can be transmitted along the third direction in time, and the battery can be prevented from being bloated and bulging. The possibility of transmission of the expansion force along the first direction is reduced, the impact on the joint between the end cover assembly and the casing is effectively avoided, the leakage of the battery is avoided, and the safety performance and cycle life of the battery are improved.

上述说明仅是本申请实施例技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请实施例的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请实施例的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application. In order to understand the technical means of the embodiments of the present application more clearly, it can be implemented according to the contents of the description, and in order to make the above and other purposes, features and characteristics of the embodiments of the present application The advantages can be more obvious and understandable, and the specific implementation manners of the present application are enumerated below.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述 中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application. For Those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without making creative efforts.

图1为本申请实施例提供的一种汽车的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automobile provided in an embodiment of the present application.

图2为本申请实施例提供的一种电池的结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application.

图3是本申请实施例提供的一种电池单体的结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.

图4是本申请实施例提供的一种电池单体的正视图。Fig. 4 is a front view of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.

图5是本申请实施例提供的一种电池单体的俯视图。Fig. 5 is a top view of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.

图6是本申请实施例提供的一种电极组件的结构示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.

图7是本申请实施例提供的另一种电极组件的结构示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another electrode assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.

图8是本申请实施例提供的另一种电池单体的俯视图。Fig. 8 is a top view of another battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.

图9是本申请实施例提供的又一种电池单体的俯视图。Fig. 9 is a top view of another battery cell provided by the embodiment of the present application.

图10是本申请实施例提供的再一种电池单体的俯视图。Fig. 10 is a top view of another battery cell provided by the embodiment of the present application.

图11是本申请实施例提供的一种电极组件的结构示意图。Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of an electrode assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.

附图标记说明：Explanation of reference signs:

100-汽车，110-电池，111-箱体，111a-第一箱体部，111b-第二箱体部，111c-容纳空间，120-控制器，130-马达；100-car, 110-battery, 111-box, 111a-first box part, 111b-second box part, 111c-accommodating space, 120-controller, 130-motor;

400-电池单体，410-壳体，411-容纳腔，420-端盖组件，421-端盖，422-电极端子，423-转接片；400-battery unit, 410-shell, 411-accommodating cavity, 420-end cover assembly, 421-end cover, 422-electrode terminal, 423-transfer piece;

430-电极组件，43a-正极片，43a1-正极极耳，43b-隔离件，43c-负极片，43c1-负极极耳，43d-第一极片，43e-第二极片，43f-第一正极片，43f1-第一集流体，43f2-第一活性物质层，43g-第一负极片，43g1-第二集流体，43g2-第二活性物质层，43h-第一隔离件，43h1-第一弯折部，43i-第二隔离件，43i1-第二弯折部，43j-第三隔离件，43j1-第三弯折部，43k-第四隔离件；430-electrode assembly, 43a-positive pole piece, 43a1-positive pole tab, 43b-separator, 43c-negative pole piece, 43c1-negative pole tab, 43d-first pole piece, 43e-second pole piece, 43f-first Positive electrode sheet, 43f1-first current collector, 43f2-first active material layer, 43g-first negative electrode sheet, 43g1-second current collector, 43g2-second active material layer, 43h-first separator, 43h1-the first A bending part, 43i-the second spacer, 43i1-the second bending part, 43j-the third spacer, 43j1-the third bending part, 43k-the fourth spacer;

X-第一方向，Y-第二方向，Z-第三方向，D1-第一活性物质层在第一表面上沿第三方向的涂覆尺寸，D2-第一活性物质层在第二表面上沿第三方向的涂覆尺寸，D3-第二活性物质层在第三表面上沿第三方向的涂覆尺寸。X-first direction, Y-second direction, Z-third direction, D1-the coating size of the first active material layer on the first surface along the third direction, D2-the first active material layer on the second surface The coating dimension along the third direction, D3—the coating dimension of the second active material layer on the third surface along the third direction.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of this application.

除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field of the application; the terms used herein in the description of the application are only to describe specific embodiments purpose, and is not intended to limit the application.

本申请的说明书和权利要求书及附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖而不排除其它的内容。单词“一”或“一个”并不排除存在多个。The terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification, claims and descriptions of the drawings of this application are intended to cover but not exclude other contents. The word "a" or "an" does not exclude the presence of a plurality.

在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语“实施例”并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。Reference herein to an "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearances of the phrase "an embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood explicitly and implicitly by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向，并不是对本申请的电池单体的具体结构进行限定。例如，在本申请的描述中，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆 时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。The orientation words appearing in the following description are all directions shown in the figure, and are not intended to limit the specific structure of the battery cell of the present application. For example, in the description of this application, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "Left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inner", "Outer", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise", "Axial", "Radial" The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "to", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have Certain orientations, constructed and operative in certain orientations, therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present application.

此外，诸如X方向、Y方向以及Z方向等用于说明本实施例的电池单体的各构件的操作和构造的指示方向的表述不是绝对的而是相对的，且尽管当电池包的各构件处于图中所示的位置时这些指示是恰当的，但是当这些位置改变时，这些方向应有不同的解释，以对应这些改变。In addition, expressions such as X direction, Y direction, and Z direction used to explain the operation and configuration of each member of the battery cell of the present embodiment are not absolute but relative, and although each member of the battery pack These indications are appropriate when in the positions shown in the figures, but when these positions are changed, these directions shall be interpreted differently to correspond to these changes.

此外，本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序，可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。In addition, the terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of the present application or the above drawings are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order, and may explicitly or implicitly include a or more of this feature.

在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是指两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)。In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means more than two (including two), and similarly, "multiple groups" means more than two (including two).

在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，机械结构的“相连”或“连接”可以是指物理上的连接，例如，物理上的连接可以是固定连接，例如通过固定件固定连接，例如通过螺丝、螺栓或其它固定件固定连接；物理上的连接也可以是可拆卸连接，例如相互卡接或卡合连接；物理上的连接也可以是一体地连接，例如，焊接、粘接或一体成型形成连接进行连接。电路结构的“相连”或“连接”除了可以是指物理上的连接，还可以是指电连接或信号连接，例如，可以是直接相连，即物理连接，也可以通过中间至少一个元件间接相连，只要达到电路相通即可，还可以是两个元件内部的连通；信号连接除了可以通过电路进行信号连接外，也可以是指通过媒体介质进行信号连接，例如，无线电波。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be interpreted in a broad sense, for example, "connection" or "connection" of mechanical structures It may refer to a physical connection, for example, a physical connection may be a fixed connection, such as a fixed connection through a fixture, such as a fixed connection through screws, bolts or other fasteners; a physical connection may also be a detachable connection, such as Mutual clamping or clamping connection; the physical connection may also be an integral connection, for example, welding, bonding or integrally formed connection for connection. The "connection" or "connection" of the circuit structure may not only refer to a physical connection, but also an electrical connection or a signal connection, for example, it may be a direct connection, that is, a physical connection, or an indirect connection through at least one intermediate component, As long as the circuit is connected, it can also be the internal connection of two components; besides the signal connection through the circuit, the signal connection can also refer to the signal connection through the media medium, for example, radio waves. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application in specific situations.

本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池单体、锂离子一次电池单体、锂硫电池单体、钠锂离子电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。In this application, the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary battery cells, lithium-ion primary battery cells, lithium-sulfur battery cells, sodium-lithium-ion battery cells, sodium-ion battery cells, or magnesium-ion battery cells, etc. The embodiment of the present application does not limit this. The battery cell can be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application. Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and pouch battery cells, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。The battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. For example, the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack, and the like. Batteries generally include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.

电池单体包括电极组件和电解质，电极组件包括正极极片、负极极片和隔离件。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面；正极集流体包括正极集流部和凸出于正极集流部的正极凸部，正极集流部涂覆有正极活性物质层，正极凸部的至少部分未涂覆正极活性物质层，正极凸部作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质层包括正极活性物质，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面；负极集流体包括负极集流部和凸出于负极集流部的负极凸部，负极集流部涂覆有负极活性物质层，负极凸部的至少部分未涂覆负极活性物质层，负极凸部作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质层包括负极活性物质，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离件的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE (polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。The battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly includes a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a separator. A battery cell works primarily by moving metal ions between the positive and negative pole pieces. The positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector; the positive electrode current collector includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode protrusion protruding from the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode current collector part is coated with a positive electrode active material layer, at least part of the positive electrode convex part is not coated with a positive electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode convex part is used as a positive electrode tab. Taking a lithium ion battery as an example, the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, the positive electrode active material layer includes the positive electrode active material, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate. The negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector; the negative electrode current collector includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode protrusion protruding from the negative electrode current collector. part is coated with a negative electrode active material layer, at least part of the negative electrode convex part is not coated with a negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode convex part is used as a negative electrode tab. The material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, the negative electrode active material layer includes the negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon. In order to ensure that a large current is passed without fusing, the number of positive pole tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative pole tabs is multiple and stacked together. The material of the spacer can be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene). In addition, the electrode assembly may be a wound structure or a laminated structure, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

在成型电极组件时，通常将多个正极片、多个隔离件和多个负极片沿某一方向层叠，再放置于壳体中，将端盖组件盖合于壳体形成电池单体。随着电池单体的循环使用，电极组件会发生沿层叠方向的收缩膨胀。发明人发现，当电极组件中多个正极片、多个负极片以及多个隔离件的层叠方向与端盖组件盖合壳体的方向相平行时，电极组件膨胀时会对盖合于壳体的端盖组件产生向外的挤压力，最终作用于壳体和端盖组件之间的连接处，从而影响电池单体的结构稳定性。进一步地，发明人还发现，即使当电极组件中多个正极片、多个负极片以及多个隔离件的层叠方向与端盖组件盖合壳体的方向相垂直时，电极组件在循环使用过程中也容易产生大量的气体，又由于，在极片边缘处单位体积内的正极活性物质和负极活性物质的量较少，使得单位时间内所产生的气体较少，气压较小，气体容易沿正极片和负极片的延伸方向排出至电极组件朝向端盖组件的一侧，随着气体的累积，也会对盖合于壳体的端盖组件产生向外的挤压力，并最终作用于壳体和端盖组件之间的连接，影响电池单体的结构稳定性。When forming the electrode assembly, usually a plurality of positive electrode sheets, a plurality of separators and a plurality of negative electrode sheets are stacked in a certain direction, and then placed in the casing, and the end cap assembly is covered on the casing to form a battery cell. With the recycling of battery cells, the electrode assembly will shrink and expand along the lamination direction. The inventors found that when the lamination direction of the plurality of positive electrode sheets, the plurality of negative electrode sheets, and the plurality of separators in the electrode assembly is parallel to the direction in which the end cap assembly covers the casing, the electrode assembly will be closed to the casing when the electrode assembly expands. The end cap assembly generates an outward extrusion force, which finally acts on the connection between the case and the end cap assembly, thereby affecting the structural stability of the battery cell. Further, the inventors also found that even when the lamination direction of the plurality of positive electrode sheets, the plurality of negative electrode sheets and the plurality of separators in the electrode assembly is perpendicular to the direction in which the end cap assembly covers the casing, the electrode assembly is It is also easy to generate a large amount of gas, and because the amount of positive active material and negative active material per unit volume at the edge of the pole piece is small, the gas generated per unit time is less, the air pressure is small, and the gas is easy to flow along The extension direction of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet is discharged to the side of the electrode assembly facing the end cap assembly. As the gas accumulates, it will also generate an outward extrusion force on the end cap assembly that is covered with the casing, and finally act on the end cap assembly. The connection between the case and end cap assembly affects the structural stability of the battery cell.

基于此，本申请实施例提供了一种电池单体，该种电池单体的端盖组件沿第一方向盖合于壳体，形成电极组件的多个正极片、多个负极片和多个隔离件沿第二方向层叠设置，相邻的正极片和负极片沿第三方向的尺寸不同，并且，第一方向、第二方向、第三方向两两相互垂直。这样，可以使得在相邻的正极片和负极片沿第三方向的边缘处，单位体积内相对的正极活性物质和负极活性物质的量被大大降低，使得该区域的气体产生速率被降低到较低的值，从而降低该区域的气压，使气体更容易在相邻的正极片和负极片之间沿第三方向传递至该区域并滞留于该区域。Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell. The end cap assembly of the battery cell is covered on the casing along the first direction to form a plurality of positive electrode sheets, a plurality of negative electrode sheets, and a plurality of electrode assemblies. The separators are stacked along the second direction, adjacent positive and negative electrodes have different sizes along the third direction, and the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other. In this way, at the edge of the adjacent positive electrode sheet and negative electrode sheet along the third direction, the relative amount of positive electrode active material and negative electrode active material per unit volume is greatly reduced, so that the gas generation rate in this area is reduced to a relatively low A low value reduces the air pressure in this region, making it easier for the gas to transfer to and stay in this region along the third direction between adjacent positive and negative electrodes.

使用本申请实施例的电池单体结构，能够降低气体沿第一方向传递 的概率的同时，使得气体能够沿第三方向传递，一方面，可以减少电池单体沿第一方向的尺寸膨胀，避免膨胀力对端盖组件和壳体连接处造成不利影响，从而影响电池单体整体结构的稳定性；另一方面，也可以避免气体积聚在相邻的正极片和负极片之间难以排出，防止析锂现象的产生。Using the battery cell structure of the embodiment of the present application can reduce the probability of gas transfer along the first direction and at the same time enable the gas to transfer along the third direction. On the one hand, it can reduce the dimensional expansion of the battery cell along the first direction and avoid The expansion force has an adverse effect on the connection between the end cap assembly and the housing, thus affecting the stability of the overall structure of the battery cell; The generation of lithium precipitation phenomenon.

本申请实施例描述的电池单体适用于电池以及使用电池的用电装置。The battery cells described in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to batteries and electric devices using batteries.

用电装置可以是汽车、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。汽车可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电装置不做特殊限制。Electric devices can be cars, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, and so on. Cars can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles, etc.; spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.; electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys and electric airplane toys, etc.; electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, electric planers, and more. The embodiments of the present application do not impose special limitations on the above-mentioned electrical devices.

以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电装置为汽车为例进行说明。For the convenience of description, the following embodiments are described by taking the electric device as an automobile as an example.

请参见图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的汽车100的结构示意图。Please refer to FIG. 1 . FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a car 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application.

如图1所示，汽车100可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。汽车100包括电池110、控制器120和马达130。电池110用于向控制器120和马达130供电，作为汽车100的操作电源和驱动电源，例如，电池110用于汽车100的启动、导航和运行时的工作用电需求。例如，电池110向控制器120供电，控制器120控制电池110向马达130供电，马达130接收并使用电池110的电力作为汽车100的驱动电源，替代或部分地替代燃油或天 然气为汽车100提供驱动动力。As shown in FIG. 1 , the vehicle 100 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle. The car 100 includes a battery 110 , a controller 120 and a motor 130 . The battery 110 is used to supply power to the controller 120 and the motor 130 as the operating power and driving power of the car 100 , for example, the battery 110 is used for starting, navigating and working power requirements of the car 100 . For example, the battery 110 supplies power to the controller 120, and the controller 120 controls the battery 110 to supply power to the motor 130, and the motor 130 receives and uses the power of the battery 110 as the driving power of the car 100, replacing or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas to provide driving for the car 100 power.

请参见图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池110的***示意图。Please refer to FIG. 2 . FIG. 2 is a schematic explosion diagram of a battery 110 provided by some embodiments of the present application.

如图2所示，电池110包括箱体111和电池单体400，电池单体400容纳于箱体111内。箱体111用于容纳电池单体400，箱体111可以是多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体111可以包括第一箱体部111a和第二箱体部111b，第一箱体部111a与第二箱体部111b相互盖合，第一箱体部111a和第二箱体部111b共同限定出用于容纳电池单体400的容纳空间111c。第二箱体部111b可以是一端开口的空心结构，第一箱体部111a为板状结构，第一箱体部111a盖合于第二箱体部111b的开口侧，以形成具有容纳空间111c的箱体111；第一箱体部111a和第二箱体部111b也均可以是一侧开口的空心结构，第一箱体部111a的开口侧盖合于第二箱体部111b的开口侧，以形成具有容纳空间111c的箱体111。当然，第一箱体部111a和第二箱体部111b可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。As shown in FIG. 2 , the battery 110 includes a case body 111 and a battery cell 400 , and the battery cell 400 is accommodated in the case body 111 . The box body 111 is used for accommodating the battery cell 400 , and the box body 111 may have various structures. In some embodiments, the box body 111 may include a first box body part 111a and a second box body part 111b, the first box body part 111a and the second box body part 111b cover each other, and the first box body part 111a and the second box body part 111a The two box parts 111b jointly define an accommodating space 111c for accommodating the battery cells 400 . The second box part 111b can be a hollow structure with one end open, the first box part 111a is a plate-shaped structure, and the first box part 111a covers the opening side of the second box part 111b to form an accommodating space 111c The box body 111; the first box body part 111a and the second box body part 111b can also be a hollow structure with one side opening, and the opening side of the first box body part 111a is covered on the opening side of the second box body part 111b , to form a box body 111 having an accommodating space 111c. Certainly, the first box body part 111a and the second box body part 111b can be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, and the like.

为提高第一箱体部111a与第二箱体部111b连接后的密封性，第一箱体部111a与第二箱体部111b之间也可以设置密封件，比如，密封胶、密封圈等。In order to improve the airtightness after the connection between the first box body part 111a and the second box body part 111b, a sealing member, such as sealant, sealing ring, etc., can also be arranged between the first box body part 111a and the second box body part 111b .

假设第一箱体部111a盖合于第二箱体部111b的顶部，第一箱体部111a亦可称之为上箱盖，第二箱体部111b亦可称之为下箱体。Assuming that the first box part 111a covers the top of the second box part 111b, the first box part 111a can also be called an upper box cover, and the second box part 111b can also be called a lower box.

在图2中，电池单体400为多个。多个电池单体400之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体400中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体400之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体400构成的整体容纳于箱体111内；当然，也可以是多个电池单体400先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体111内。在一些实施例中，电池单体400为多个，多个 电池单体400先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块。多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体111内。In FIG. 2 , there are multiple battery cells 400 . The plurality of battery cells 400 may be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel. The mixed connection means that the plurality of battery cells 400 are both in series and in parallel. A plurality of battery cells 400 can be directly connected in series, in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of a plurality of battery cells 400 is housed in the box 111; of course, it is also possible to connect a plurality of battery cells 400 in series first A battery module is formed by connecting in parallel or in series, and multiple battery modules are connected in series or in parallel or in series to form a whole, and are accommodated in the box 111 . In some embodiments, there are multiple battery cells 400, and the multiple battery cells 400 are connected in series, in parallel, or in parallel to form a battery module. A plurality of battery modules are then connected in series, in parallel or in parallel to form a whole, and accommodated in the case 111 .

请参见图3，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体400的结构示意图。Please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell 400 provided in some embodiments of the present application.

如图3所示，该电池单体400包括具有容纳腔411和开口的壳体410、盖合于壳体410开口的端盖组件420和容纳于该容纳腔411内的一个或多个电极组件430。As shown in FIG. 3 , the battery cell 400 includes a casing 410 having a cavity 411 and an opening, an end cap assembly 420 covering the opening of the casing 410 , and one or more electrode assemblies accommodated in the cavity 411 430.

壳体410为中空腔体结构，例如，壳体410具有容纳腔411，且壳体410的其中一个面具有开口，即该面不具有壳体壁而使得壳体410内外相通，以便电极组件430可以收容于壳体410的容纳腔411内，端盖组件420在壳体410的开口处沿第一方向X与壳体410盖合而形成中空腔体。其中，第一方向X是壳体410的高度方向。电极组件430从开口处装入壳体410之后，利用端盖组件420对开口进行封闭，防止气态、液态或固态物质在壳体410内部与外部之间流通，影响电池单体400的使用性能。The casing 410 is a hollow cavity structure. For example, the casing 410 has a housing cavity 411, and one of the surfaces of the casing 410 has an opening, that is, this surface does not have a casing wall so that the inside and outside of the casing 410 communicate, so that the electrode assembly 430 The end cover assembly 420 can be accommodated in the housing cavity 411 of the housing 410 , and the end cover assembly 420 is closed with the housing 410 along the first direction X at the opening of the housing 410 to form a hollow cavity. Wherein, the first direction X is the height direction of the casing 410 . After the electrode assembly 430 is loaded into the casing 410 from the opening, the opening is sealed with the end cap assembly 420 to prevent gaseous, liquid or solid substances from circulating between the inside and outside of the casing 410 and affect the performance of the battery cell 400 .

壳体410的形状可以根据一个或多个电极组件430组合后的形状而定，例如，壳体410可以为中空长方体或中空正方体或中空圆柱体。例如，当壳体410为中空长方体或正方体时，壳体410的其中一个平面为开口面，即该平面不具有壳体410壁而使得壳体410内外相通。壳体410的其他平面形成壳体410的侧壁，这几个平面可以是一体成型的，具有较少的连接处，以保证壳体410侧壁的连接强度。当壳体410为中空圆柱体时，壳体410的至少一个圆形侧面为开口面，即该圆形侧面不具有壳体410壁而使得壳体410内外相通。壳体410的侧壁可以是一体成型的，具有较高强度。壳体410可由金属材料或塑料制成，在一些实施例中，壳体410由铝或铝合金制成。The shape of the casing 410 may be determined according to the combined shape of one or more electrode assemblies 430 , for example, the casing 410 may be a hollow cuboid, a hollow cube, or a hollow cylinder. For example, when the housing 410 is a hollow cuboid or cube, one of the planes of the housing 410 is an open surface, that is, the plane does not have a wall of the housing 410 so that the inside and outside of the housing 410 communicate. The other planes of the housing 410 form the side walls of the housing 410 , and these planes may be integrally formed with fewer joints to ensure the connection strength of the side walls of the housing 410 . When the housing 410 is a hollow cylinder, at least one circular side of the housing 410 is an open surface, that is, the circular side does not have a wall of the housing 410 so that the inside and outside of the housing 410 communicate. The side wall of the housing 410 may be integrally formed with high strength. The housing 410 may be made of metal material or plastic, and in some embodiments, the housing 410 is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

请继续参见图3，端盖组件420可以包括端盖421和两个电极端子 422。两个电极端子422包括正极端子和负极端子，两个电极端子422通过转接片423与极耳连接，具体地，正极端子可以通过正极转接片与正极极耳电连接，即正极转接片一端连接在正极端子上，另一端连接在正极极耳上；负极端子通过负极转接片与负极极耳电连接，即负极转接片一端连接在负极端子上，另一端连接在负极极耳上，从而实现电池单体400内、外部电流的导通。Please continue to refer to FIG. 3 , the end cover assembly 420 may include an end cover 421 and two electrode terminals 422. The two electrode terminals 422 include a positive terminal and a negative terminal. The two electrode terminals 422 are connected to the tabs through the adapter piece 423. Specifically, the positive terminal can be electrically connected to the positive pole ear through the positive adapter piece, that is, the positive pole adapter piece One end is connected to the positive terminal, and the other end is connected to the positive lug; the negative terminal is electrically connected to the negative lug through the negative adapter, that is, one end of the negative adapter is connected to the negative terminal, and the other end is connected to the negative lug. , so as to realize the conduction of the internal and external currents of the battery cell 400 .

图3中仅示意出电池单体400具有一个端盖组件420的情形，可以理解的是，电池单体400也可以包括两个端盖组件420，两个端盖组件420分别设置于壳体410的两端，每个端盖组件420上各设置一个电极端子422。FIG. 3 only illustrates the case where the battery cell 400 has one end cap assembly 420. It can be understood that the battery cell 400 may also include two end cap assemblies 420, and the two end cap assemblies 420 are respectively arranged on the casing 410. Each end cap assembly 420 is provided with an electrode terminal 422 at both ends of the electrode.

请参见图4至图7所示，在一些实施例中，电极组件430可以包括沿第二方向Y层叠设置的多个正极片43a、多个隔离件43b和多个负极片43c，隔离件43b位于正极片43a和负极片43c之间以隔开正极片43a和负极片43c。其中，相邻正极片43a和负极片43c沿第三方向Z的尺寸不同，第一方向X、第二方向Y和第三方向Z相互垂直。4 to 7, in some embodiments, the electrode assembly 430 may include a plurality of positive electrode sheets 43a, a plurality of separators 43b and a plurality of negative electrode sheets 43c stacked along the second direction Y, and the separators 43b It is located between the positive electrode sheet 43a and the negative electrode sheet 43c to separate the positive electrode sheet 43a and the negative electrode sheet 43c. Wherein, adjacent positive electrode sheets 43a and negative electrode sheets 43c have different sizes along the third direction Z, and the first direction X, the second direction Y and the third direction Z are perpendicular to each other.

以壳体410是圆柱壳体为例，第一方向X是壳体410的高度方向，第二方向Y和第三方向Z是壳体410的径向。本申请将多个正极片43a、多个隔离件43b和多个负极片43c沿壳体410的径向层叠设置，正极片43a、隔离件43b和负极片43c均朝向壳体410的侧壁。其中，壳体410的侧壁是壳体410中与高度方向X平行的壁。壳体410的侧壁是壳体410的大面侧壁，其连接处较少，整体强度较高。Taking the case 410 as a cylindrical case as an example, the first direction X is the height direction of the case 410 , and the second direction Y and the third direction Z are the radial directions of the case 410 . In this application, a plurality of positive electrode sheets 43a, a plurality of separators 43b and a plurality of negative electrode sheets 43c are stacked along the radial direction of the casing 410, and the positive electrode sheets 43a, separators 43b and negative electrode sheets 43c all face the side wall of the casing 410. Wherein, the side wall of the housing 410 is a wall parallel to the height direction X in the housing 410 . The side wall of the housing 410 is a large side wall of the housing 410 , which has fewer joints and higher overall strength.

在一些示例中，为了防止电极组件430与壳体410上边缘发生干涉，电极组件430沿第一方向X的尺寸可以小于壳体410沿第一方向X的尺寸。例如，电极组件430沿第一方向X的尺寸可以比壳体410沿第一方向X的尺寸小5mm至7mm。在一些实例中，为了防止电极组件430与壳 体410内壁发生搭接短路，电极组件430沿壳体410的径向与壳体410的内壁之间可以具有一定的间隙。示例地，该间隙可以是1mm、2mm等。In some examples, in order to prevent the electrode assembly 430 from interfering with the upper edge of the case 410 , the size of the electrode assembly 430 along the first direction X may be smaller than the size of the case 410 along the first direction X. For example, the size of the electrode assembly 430 along the first direction X may be smaller than the size of the case 410 along the first direction X by 5 mm to 7 mm. In some examples, in order to prevent the electrode assembly 430 from overlapping with the inner wall of the casing 410, there may be a certain gap between the electrode assembly 430 and the inner wall of the casing 410 along the radial direction of the casing 410. Exemplarily, the gap may be 1mm, 2mm, etc.

电极组件430包括沿第二方向Y层叠的多个正极片43a、多个隔离件43b和多个负极片43c，即，多个正极片43a、多个隔离件43b和多个负极片43c沿厚度方向并排，相邻的正极片43a和负极片43c沿第二方向具有相对设置且相邻的两个表面，金属离子例如锂离子在相邻的两表面间移动以使电池单体工作。正极片43a和负极片43c之间，在满足正极活性物质和负极活性物质反应比例的情况下，单位体积内的正极活性物质和负极活性物质的量越大，则反应的速率越快，反应所产生的气体也就越多，当气体积聚在相邻的正极片和负极片之间，容易导致极片之间的间隙变大、气压变大，从而影响反应的正常进行。并且，当反应所产生的气体更多地沿第一方向X即端盖组件420盖合于壳体410的方向传递，容易使得电池单体400发生沿第三方向Z的膨胀，并使端盖组件420与壳体410的连接处受膨胀力的作用，一方面，如果受壳体410内气压的影响，使得存在于相邻的正极片和负极片之间的气体沿第一方向X瞬时排出，容易对端盖组件420和壳体410的连接处造成冲击，容易对连接处造成不利影响；另一方面，在膨胀力的长期作用下，端盖组件420与壳体410的连接处容易发生失效，使得电池单体400存在安全隐患。The electrode assembly 430 includes a plurality of positive electrode sheets 43a, a plurality of separators 43b and a plurality of negative electrode sheets 43c stacked along the second direction Y, that is, a plurality of positive electrode sheets 43a, a plurality of separators 43b and a plurality of negative electrode sheets 43c along the thickness The adjacent positive electrode sheet 43a and the negative electrode sheet 43c have two opposite and adjacent surfaces along the second direction, and metal ions such as lithium ions move between the two adjacent surfaces to make the battery cell work. Between the positive electrode sheet 43a and the negative electrode sheet 43c, under the condition of satisfying the reaction ratio of the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material, the larger the amount of the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material per unit volume, the faster the reaction rate, and the reaction rate The more gas is generated, when the gas accumulates between the adjacent positive and negative electrodes, it is easy to cause the gap between the electrodes to become larger and the air pressure to increase, thereby affecting the normal progress of the reaction. Moreover, when the gas generated by the reaction is more transmitted along the first direction X, that is, the direction in which the end cover assembly 420 covers the casing 410, it is easy to cause the battery cell 400 to expand along the third direction Z, and the end cover The connection between the component 420 and the casing 410 is affected by the expansion force. On the one hand, if it is affected by the air pressure in the casing 410, the gas existing between the adjacent positive electrode sheets and negative electrode sheets is instantaneously discharged along the first direction X , it is easy to cause impact on the connection between the end cover assembly 420 and the housing 410, and it is easy to cause adverse effects on the connection; failure, so that the battery cell 400 has a safety hazard.

基于此，可以设置相邻的正极片43a和负极片43c沿第三方向Z的尺寸不同,这里的第三方向Z垂直于第一方向X、第二方向Y，与壳体410的某一径向方向平行。相邻的正极片43a和负极片43c沿第三方向Z的尺寸不同，可以理解为，沿极片的层叠方向即第二方向Y，正极片43a沿第三方向Z的边缘区域未设置有负极片43c与其相对，或者，在负极片43c沿第三方向Z的边缘区域未设置有正极片43a与其相对，从而使得在该区域中，单位体积内的正极活性物质与负极活性物质的量较少，所产生的气 体较少，在气体压力的作用下，位于相邻的正极片43a和负极片43c之间的气体能够沿第三方向Z移动并最终移动至该区域。这样，一方面，可以减少气体瞬时脱出相邻的极片间对端盖组件420和壳体410的连接处的冲击，另一方面，可以降低气体产生所带来的膨胀力对连接处的不良影响，以提高电池单体400整体结构的稳定性和可靠性，从而提高电池单体400的使用安全性。Based on this, adjacent positive electrode sheets 43a and negative electrode sheets 43c can be set to have different sizes along the third direction Z, where the third direction Z is perpendicular to the first direction X and the second direction Y, and a certain diameter of the casing 410 parallel to the direction. Adjacent positive electrode sheet 43a and negative electrode sheet 43c have different sizes along the third direction Z, which can be understood as, along the stacking direction of the electrode sheet, that is, the second direction Y, the edge region of the positive electrode sheet 43a along the third direction Z is not provided with a negative electrode The sheet 43c is opposite to it, or the positive electrode sheet 43a is not provided on the edge area of the negative electrode sheet 43c along the third direction Z to face it, so that in this area, the amount of positive active material and negative active material per unit volume is less , less gas is produced, and under the action of gas pressure, the gas located between the adjacent positive electrode sheet 43a and negative electrode sheet 43c can move along the third direction Z and finally move to this area. In this way, on the one hand, it is possible to reduce the impact on the connection between the end cover assembly 420 and the housing 410 caused by the instantaneous escape of gas between adjacent pole pieces, and on the other hand, it can reduce the adverse effects of the expansion force caused by the gas generation on the connection. influence, so as to improve the stability and reliability of the overall structure of the battery cell 400, thereby improving the use safety of the battery cell 400.

此外，上述方案有益于利用气压差降低相邻正极片43a和负极片43c之间的气体排出的难度，使得气体更容易移动排出，避免气体长时间滞留影响反应的正常进行。In addition, the above solution is beneficial to reduce the difficulty of gas discharge between the adjacent positive electrode sheet 43a and negative electrode sheet 43c by using the air pressure difference, making it easier for the gas to move and discharge, and avoiding the long-term residence of the gas affecting the normal progress of the reaction.

在一些实施例中，如图8所示，壳体410包括与第三方向Z平行并与第二方向Y垂直的中心面，电极组件430包括第一极片43d和第二极片43e，第一极片43d和第二极片43e为多个负极片43c和多个正极片43a中的任意两个极片。第一极片43d比第二极片43e更靠近中心面，第一极片43d沿第三方向Z的尺寸大于第二极片43e沿第三方向Z的尺寸。In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 8 , the casing 410 includes a central plane parallel to the third direction Z and perpendicular to the second direction Y, the electrode assembly 430 includes a first pole piece 43d and a second pole piece 43e, the second pole piece 43d The first pole piece 43d and the second pole piece 43e are any two pole pieces in the multiple negative pole pieces 43c and the multiple positive pole pieces 43a. The first pole piece 43d is closer to the central plane than the second pole piece 43e, and the size of the first pole piece 43d along the third direction Z is greater than the size of the second pole piece 43e along the third direction Z.

在圆柱电池单体中，中心面是壳体410的容纳腔411中假想的一个平面，该平面与第三方向Z平行且与第二方向Y垂直，该平面位于容纳腔411的中心，与正极片43a、负极片43c和隔离件43b平行。当电池单体400为圆柱电池单体时，在容纳腔411的与第三方向Z平行且与第二方向Y垂直的假想面中，中心面是面积最大的一个面。In a cylindrical battery cell, the central plane is an imaginary plane in the housing cavity 411 of the casing 410, which is parallel to the third direction Z and perpendicular to the second direction Y, and which is located at the center of the housing cavity 411 and is connected to the positive pole. The sheet 43a, the negative electrode sheet 43c, and the separator 43b are parallel. When the battery cell 400 is a cylindrical battery cell, among the imaginary planes parallel to the third direction Z and perpendicular to the second direction Y of the accommodating cavity 411 , the center plane is the plane with the largest area.

第一极片43d和第二极片43e是多个负极片43c和多个正极片43a中的任意两个极片。举例来说，第一极片43d和第二极片43e可以为任意两个正极片43a，也可以为任意两个负极片43c，当然也可以是第一极片43d和第二极片43e中的一者为任一正极片43a，另一者为任一负极片43c。第一极片43d和第二极片43e可以相邻也可以不相邻，本申请实施例对此不作限定。The first pole piece 43d and the second pole piece 43e are any two pole pieces among the multiple negative pole pieces 43c and the multiple positive pole pieces 43a. For example, the first pole piece 43d and the second pole piece 43e can be any two positive pole pieces 43a, can also be any two negative pole pieces 43c, of course, can also be the first pole piece 43d and the second pole piece 43e One of them is any positive electrode sheet 43a, and the other is any negative electrode sheet 43c. The first pole piece 43d and the second pole piece 43e may or may not be adjacent to each other, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

第一极片43d沿第三方向Z的尺寸大于第二极片43e沿第三方向Z的尺寸。例如，第一极片43d沿第三方向Z的尺寸可以比第二极片43e沿第三方向Z的尺寸大1mm、2mm等。其中，第一极片43d较第二极片43e更靠近中心面。也就是说，更靠近大面积的中心面的第一极片43d沿第三方向Z的尺寸大于远离中心面的第二极片43e沿第三方向Z的尺寸。这样，在不同尺寸的第一极片43d和第二极片43e沿第三方向Z的两端可以形成气压较低的区域，通过这样的设置，可以使得气体更多地由相邻的正极片和负极片之间的空间移动至该区域，并且，该区域可以用于容纳部分的气体滞留。另外，圆柱壳体沿第三方向Z的尺寸从中心面至壳体410内壁依次减小，将靠近中心面的第一极片43d沿第三方向Z的尺寸设置得较长，可以有效利用壳体410内容纳腔411的空间，在保证排气效果的同时提高电池单体400的容量。The size of the first pole piece 43d along the third direction Z is greater than the size of the second pole piece 43e along the third direction Z. For example, the dimension of the first pole piece 43d along the third direction Z may be larger than the dimension of the second pole piece 43e along the third direction Z by 1mm, 2mm, etc. FIG. Wherein, the first pole piece 43d is closer to the central plane than the second pole piece 43e. That is to say, the size along the third direction Z of the first pole piece 43d closer to the large-area center plane is larger than the size along the third direction Z of the second pole piece 43e away from the center plane. In this way, a region with lower air pressure can be formed at both ends of the first pole piece 43d and the second pole piece 43e of different sizes along the third direction Z, and through such an arrangement, more gas can be released from the adjacent positive pole pieces. and the space between the negative electrode sheet is moved to this area, and this area can be used to accommodate part of the gas entrapment. In addition, the size of the cylindrical housing along the third direction Z decreases successively from the center plane to the inner wall of the housing 410, and the size of the first pole piece 43d near the center plane along the third direction Z is set to be longer, which can effectively utilize the shell. The space of the cavity 411 in the body 410 increases the capacity of the battery cell 400 while ensuring the exhaust effect.

在一些实施例中，如图4所示，沿第一方向X，负极片43c的尺寸大于正极片43a的尺寸。In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4 , along the first direction X, the size of the negative electrode sheet 43c is larger than the size of the positive electrode sheet 43a.

沿第一方向X，所有负极片43c的尺寸可以相同，所有正极片43a的尺寸也可以相同，这种情况下，任一负极片43c沿第一方向X的尺寸可以大于任一正极片43a沿第一方向X的尺寸。例如，任一负极片43c沿第一方向X的尺寸可以比任一正极片43a沿第一方向X的尺寸大1mm、2mm等。Along the first direction X, the size of all negative electrode sheets 43c can be the same, and the size of all positive electrode sheets 43a can also be the same. In this case, the size of any negative electrode sheet 43c along the first direction X can be greater than that of any positive electrode sheet 43a along the The dimension of the first direction X. For example, the size of any negative electrode sheet 43c along the first direction X may be 1mm, 2mm, etc. larger than the size of any positive electrode sheet 43a along the first direction X.

可以理解的是，沿第一方向X，多个负极片43c的尺寸也可以不完全相同，多个正极片43a的尺寸也可以不完全相同，这种情况下，任一负极片43c沿第一方向X的尺寸可以大于与其相邻的正极片43a沿第一方向X的尺寸。It can be understood that along the first direction X, the dimensions of the plurality of negative electrode sheets 43c may not be completely the same, and the dimensions of the plurality of positive electrode sheets 43a may not be completely the same. The dimension in the direction X may be greater than the dimension along the first direction X of the adjacent positive electrode sheet 43a.

通过将负极片43c沿第一方向X的尺寸设置得大于正极片43a沿第一方向X的尺寸，使得在壳体410的高度方向上，便于形成负极片43c包 覆正极片43a的结构，避免由于嵌锂不足而发生析锂，影响电池单体400的性能。By setting the size of the negative electrode sheet 43c along the first direction X to be larger than the size of the positive electrode sheet 43a along the first direction X, it is convenient to form a structure in which the negative electrode sheet 43c wraps the positive electrode sheet 43a in the height direction of the casing 410, avoiding Lithium precipitation occurs due to insufficient lithium intercalation, which affects the performance of the battery cell 400 .

进一步地，为了保证负极片43c沿第一方向X的两端均能包覆正极片43a，可以将负极片43c沿第一方向X的两端均超出正极片43a沿第一方向X的两端。示例地，负极片43c与正极片43a的几何中心可以位于同一高度，这样，负极片43c沿第一方向X的两端超出正极片43a沿第一方向X的两端的尺寸相同，两端可以具有相同的包覆效果。Further, in order to ensure that both ends of the negative electrode sheet 43c along the first direction X can cover the positive electrode sheet 43a, both ends of the negative electrode sheet 43c along the first direction X can exceed both ends of the positive electrode sheet 43a along the first direction X . For example, the geometric centers of the negative electrode sheet 43c and the positive electrode sheet 43a can be located at the same height, so that the two ends of the negative electrode sheet 43c along the first direction X exceed the same size as the two ends of the positive electrode sheet 43a along the first direction X, and the two ends can have Same wrapping effect.

在一些实施例中，如图4和图5所示，电极组件430包括中间层，中间层为负极片43c。In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the electrode assembly 430 includes an intermediate layer, and the intermediate layer is a negative electrode sheet 43c.

电极组件430包括多个正极片43a、多个隔离件43b和多个负极片43c，多个正极片43c、多个隔离件43b和多个负极片43c中的任意一个均是电极组件430的一层。电极组件430的中间层是位于电极组件430中心的一层，在电池单体为400圆柱电池单体的一些实施例中，也是电极组件430中面积最大的一层。The electrode assembly 430 includes a plurality of positive electrode sheets 43a, a plurality of separators 43b and a plurality of negative electrode sheets 43c, any one of the plurality of positive electrode sheets 43c, the plurality of separators 43b and the plurality of negative electrode sheets 43c is a part of the electrode assembly 430 layer. The middle layer of the electrode assembly 430 is the layer located at the center of the electrode assembly 430 , and in some embodiments where the battery cells are 400 cylindrical battery cells, it is also the layer with the largest area in the electrode assembly 430 .

在电池单体400为圆柱电池单体的部分实施例中，将电极组件430的中间层设置为负极片43c，使得中间层的负极片43c的面积较大，便于形成负极片43c包正极片43a的结构，避免由于嵌锂不足而发生析锂，影响电池单体400的性能。In some embodiments where the battery cell 400 is a cylindrical battery cell, the middle layer of the electrode assembly 430 is set as the negative electrode sheet 43c, so that the area of the negative electrode sheet 43c in the middle layer is larger, and it is convenient to form the negative electrode sheet 43c to wrap the positive electrode sheet 43a The structure avoids lithium precipitation due to insufficient lithium intercalation, which affects the performance of the battery cell 400 .

在一些实施例中，如图4和图5所示，电极组件430包括最外层，最外层为正极片43a。In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the electrode assembly 430 includes an outermost layer, and the outermost layer is a positive electrode sheet 43 a.

与电极组件430的中间层相对，电极组件430的最外层极片是电极组件430中极片大面最靠近壳体410内壁的一层，也是电极组件430中面积最小的一层。Opposite to the middle layer of the electrode assembly 430 , the outermost pole piece of the electrode assembly 430 is the layer with the largest surface of the pole piece closest to the inner wall of the casing 410 , and is also the layer with the smallest area in the electrode assembly 430 .

将电极组件430的最外层设置为正极片43a，使得最外层的正极片43a的面积较小，便于在次外层设置面积较大的负极片43c，从而便于形成 负极片43c包正极片43a的结构，避免由于嵌锂不足而发生析锂，影响电池单体400的性能。The outermost layer of the electrode assembly 430 is set as the positive electrode sheet 43a, so that the area of the outermost positive electrode sheet 43a is smaller, and it is convenient to arrange the larger negative electrode sheet 43c on the second outer layer, so as to facilitate the formation of the negative electrode sheet 43c to wrap the positive electrode sheet The structure of 43a avoids lithium precipitation due to insufficient lithium intercalation, which affects the performance of the battery cell 400 .

在一些实施例中，如图6所示，壳体410包括与第三方向Z平行并与第二方向Y垂直的中心面，电极组件430包括第一正极片43f，第一正极片43f包括第一集流体43f1和第一活性物质层43f2，第一集流体43f1包括沿第二方向Y相对设置的第一表面和第二表面，第一表面面向中心面，第一活性物质层43f2涂覆于第一表面和第二表面上。第一活性物质层在第一表面上沿第三方向的涂覆尺寸D1大于或等于第一活性物质层在第二表面上沿第三方向的涂覆尺寸D2。In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 6 , the casing 410 includes a central plane parallel to the third direction Z and perpendicular to the second direction Y, the electrode assembly 430 includes a first positive electrode sheet 43f, and the first positive electrode sheet 43f includes a second positive electrode sheet 43f. A current collector 43f1 and a first active material layer 43f2, the first current collector 43f1 includes a first surface and a second surface oppositely arranged along the second direction Y, the first surface faces the central plane, and the first active material layer 43f2 is coated on on the first surface and the second surface. The coating dimension D1 of the first active material layer on the first surface along the third direction is greater than or equal to the coating dimension D2 of the first active material layer on the second surface along the third direction.

第一正极片43f是多个正极片43a中的任意一个正极片43a。第一集流体43f1为正极集流体，第一活性物质层43f2为正极活性物质层，第一活性物质层43f2被涂覆在第一集流体43f1表面的部分区域，具体可以涂覆在第一集流体43f1的第一表面和第二表面的部分区域。The first positive electrode sheet 43f is any one positive electrode sheet 43a among the plurality of positive electrode sheets 43a. The first current collector 43f1 is a positive electrode current collector, and the first active material layer 43f2 is a positive electrode active material layer. The first active material layer 43f2 is coated on a part of the surface of the first current collector 43f1, specifically, it can be coated on the first collector. Partial areas of the first surface and the second surface of the fluid 43f1.

第一集流体43f1中面向中心面的第一表面上涂覆的第一活性物质层43f2沿第三方向Z的涂覆尺寸可以大于或等于背向中心面的第二表面上涂覆的第一活性物质层43f2沿第三方向Z的涂覆尺寸。例如，第一集流体43f1沿第三方向Z的尺寸为15mm，沿第三方向Z，第一活性物质层43f2在第一表面上的涂覆尺寸可以是13mm，在第二表面上的涂覆尺寸可以是11mm。The coating size of the first active material layer 43f2 coated on the first surface facing the central plane in the first current collector 43f1 along the third direction Z may be greater than or equal to that of the first active material layer coated on the second surface facing away from the central plane. The coating size of the active material layer 43f2 along the third direction Z. For example, the size of the first current collector 43f1 along the third direction Z is 15mm, along the third direction Z, the coating size of the first active material layer 43f2 on the first surface may be 13mm, and the coating size on the second surface may be 13mm. The size can be 11mm.

圆柱壳体中从中心面至壳体410内壁沿第三方向Z的尺寸依次减小，沿第三方向Z，将第一活性物质层43f2在面向中心面的第一表面的涂覆尺寸设置得大于或等于背向中心面的第二表面的涂覆尺寸，可以有效利用壳体410内容纳腔411的空间，在保证排气效果的基础上提高电池单体400的容量。In the cylindrical shell, the dimensions from the central plane to the inner wall of the shell 410 decrease successively along the third direction Z, and along the third direction Z, the coating size of the first active material layer 43f2 on the first surface facing the central plane is set as The coating size of the second surface that is greater than or equal to the center plane can effectively use the space of the housing cavity 411 in the casing 410 and increase the capacity of the battery cell 400 while ensuring the exhaust effect.

在一些实施例中，如图6所示，电极组件430还包括与第一正极片 43f相邻的第一负极片43g，第一负极片43g位于第一正极片43f远离中心面的一侧，第一负极片43g包括第二集流体43g1和第二活性物质层43g2，第二集流体43g1包括与第一正极片43g的第二表面相对的第三表面。第二活性物质层在第三表面上沿第三方向的涂覆尺寸D3大于或等于第一活性物质层在第二表面上沿第三方向的涂覆尺寸D2。In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 6 , the electrode assembly 430 further includes a first negative electrode sheet 43g adjacent to the first positive electrode sheet 43f, and the first negative electrode sheet 43g is located on the side of the first positive electrode sheet 43f away from the central plane, The first negative electrode sheet 43g includes a second current collector 43g1 and a second active material layer 43g2, and the second current collector 43g1 includes a third surface opposite to the second surface of the first positive electrode sheet 43g. The coating dimension D3 of the second active material layer on the third surface along the third direction is greater than or equal to the coating dimension D2 of the first active material layer on the second surface along the third direction.

第一负极片43g是多个负极片43c中的任意一个负极片43c。第二集流体43g1为负极集流体，第二活性物质层43g2为负极活性物质层，第二活性物质层43g2被涂覆在第二集流体43g1表面的部分区域，具体可以涂覆在第二集流体43g1的第三表面和第四表面的部分区域。其中，第三表面是第二集流体43g1中靠近并面向第二表面的表面，第四表面是第二集流体43g1中与第三表面相对的表面。The first negative electrode sheet 43g is any one negative electrode sheet 43c among the plurality of negative electrode sheets 43c. The second current collector 43g1 is a negative electrode current collector, and the second active material layer 43g2 is a negative electrode active material layer. The second active material layer 43g2 is coated on a part of the surface of the second current collector 43g1. Partial areas of the third surface and the fourth surface of the fluid 43g1. Wherein, the third surface is a surface close to and facing the second surface in the second current collector 43g1, and the fourth surface is a surface opposite to the third surface in the second current collector 43g1.

第二活性物质层43g2在第三表面上沿第三方向Z的涂覆尺寸，可以大于或等于第一活性物质层43f2在第二表面上沿第三方向Z的涂覆尺寸。例如，第一集流体43f1和第二集流体43g1沿第三方向Z的尺寸均为15mm，沿第三方向Z，第二活性物质层43g2在第三表面上的涂覆尺寸可以是13mm，第一活性物质层43f2在第二表面上的涂覆尺寸可以是11mm。The coating size of the second active material layer 43g2 on the third surface along the third direction Z may be greater than or equal to the coating size of the first active material layer 43f2 on the second surface along the third direction Z. For example, the dimensions of the first current collector 43f1 and the second current collector 43g1 along the third direction Z are both 15 mm, and along the third direction Z, the coating size of the second active material layer 43g2 on the third surface may be 13 mm. The coating size of an active material layer 43f2 on the second surface may be 11 mm.

圆柱壳体中从中心面至壳体410内壁沿第三方向Z的尺寸依次减小，沿第三方向Z，将第二活性物质层43g2在第三表面上的涂覆尺寸设置得大于或等于第一活性物质层43f2在第二表面上的涂覆尺寸，可以便于形成负极片43c包正极片43a的结构，避免由于嵌锂不足而发生析锂，影响电池单体400的性能，同时可以有效利用壳体410内容纳腔411的空间，在保证排气效果的基础上提高电池单体400的容量。In the cylindrical shell, the dimensions from the central plane to the inner wall of the shell 410 decrease successively along the third direction Z, and along the third direction Z, the coating size of the second active material layer 43g2 on the third surface is set to be greater than or equal to The coating size of the first active material layer 43f2 on the second surface can facilitate the formation of a structure in which the negative electrode sheet 43c wraps the positive electrode sheet 43a, avoiding lithium precipitation due to insufficient lithium intercalation, affecting the performance of the battery cell 400, and effectively The capacity of the battery cell 400 is increased on the basis of ensuring the exhaust effect by using the space of the housing cavity 411 in the casing 410 .

在一些实施例中，如图4所示，沿第一方向X，隔离件43b的尺寸大于负极片43c的尺寸。In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4 , along the first direction X, the size of the separator 43 b is larger than the size of the negative electrode sheet 43 c.

沿第一方向X，隔离件43b的尺寸可以比负极片43c的尺寸大1mm、2mm等，本申请实施例对此不作限定。Along the first direction X, the size of the separator 43b may be larger than the size of the negative electrode sheet 43c by 1 mm, 2 mm, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

将隔离件43b沿第一方向X的尺寸设置得大于负极片43c沿第一方向X的尺寸，便于在壳体410的高度方向上使隔离件43b有效隔离正极片43a和负极片43c，避免正极片43a和负极片43c接触发生短路。The size of the spacer 43b along the first direction X is set to be larger than the size of the negative electrode sheet 43c along the first direction X, so that the spacer 43b can effectively isolate the positive electrode sheet 43a and the negative electrode sheet 43c in the height direction of the casing 410, avoiding the positive pole The sheet 43a is in contact with the negative electrode sheet 43c and is short-circuited.

进一步地，为了使隔离件43b沿第一方向X的两端具有相同的隔离效果，隔离件43b沿第一方向X的两端超出负极片43c沿第一方向X的两端的尺寸可以相同。例如，隔离件43b沿第一方向X的两端可以均超出负极片43c沿第一方向X的两端0.5mm、1mm等。Further, in order to make both ends of the separator 43b along the first direction X have the same isolation effect, the dimensions of the two ends of the separator 43b along the first direction X beyond the two ends of the negative electrode sheet 43c along the first direction X can be the same. For example, both ends of the separator 43b along the first direction X may be 0.5 mm, 1 mm, etc. beyond both ends of the negative electrode sheet 43 c along the first direction X.

在一些实施例中，如图8所示，电极组件430包括相邻的第一极片43d和第一隔离件43h，沿第三方向Z，第一隔离件43h的尺寸大于或等于第一极片43d的尺寸。In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 8 , the electrode assembly 430 includes adjacent first pole pieces 43d and first spacers 43h, and along the third direction Z, the size of the first spacers 43h is greater than or equal to that of the first pole pieces. Dimensions of sheet 43d.

第一极片43d是多个正极片43a和多个负极片43c中的任意一个极片，因此第一极片43d可以是任一正极片43a，也可以是任一负极片43c。The first pole piece 43d is any one of the plurality of positive pole pieces 43a and the multiple negative pole pieces 43c, so the first pole piece 43d can be any positive pole piece 43a or any negative pole piece 43c.

将第一隔离件43h沿第三方向Z的尺寸设置得大于或等于任一与其相邻的第一极片43d沿第三方向Z的尺寸，便于在第三方向Z上使第一隔离件43h有效隔离相邻的正负极片。The size of the first spacer 43h along the third direction Z is set to be greater than or equal to the size of any adjacent first pole piece 43d along the third direction Z, so as to make the first spacer 43h Effectively isolate adjacent positive and negative electrodes.

在一些实施例中，如图9所示，第一隔离件43h沿第三方向Z的两端设置有第一弯折部43h1，第一弯折部43h1朝向第一极片43d弯折，以使第一隔离件43h的至少部分位于第一极片43d和壳体410之间。第一弯折部43h1设置有多个第一排气孔，第一排气孔被配置为允许气体经过多个第一排气孔排出至第一弯折部43h1与壳体410之间。In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 9 , the two ends of the first spacer 43h along the third direction Z are provided with a first bending portion 43h1, and the first bending portion 43h1 is bent toward the first pole piece 43d, so as to At least part of the first spacer 43h is positioned between the first pole piece 43d and the housing 410 . The first bent portion 43h1 is provided with a plurality of first exhaust holes, and the first exhaust holes are configured to allow gas to be discharged between the first bent portion 43h1 and the housing 410 through the plurality of first exhaust holes.

第一弯折部43h1是第一隔离件43h沿第三方向Z超出第一极片43d的部分，沿第二方向Y朝第一极片43d弯折之后形成的。第一隔离件43h沿第三方向Z超出第一极片43d的尺寸可以大于或等于第一极片43d沿第 二方向Y的尺寸，即大于或等于第一极片43d的厚度，这样，超出的部分形成的第一弯折部43h1朝第一极片43d弯折，能完全覆盖第一极片43d沿第三方向Z的两端，使第一弯折部43h1位于第一极片43d与壳体410之间，以避免第一极片43d与壳体410内壁的接触，减少短路风险。The first bent portion 43h1 is formed after the part of the first spacer 43h that exceeds the first pole piece 43d along the third direction Z is bent toward the first pole piece 43d along the second direction Y. The dimension of the first spacer 43h beyond the first pole piece 43d along the third direction Z may be greater than or equal to the dimension of the first pole piece 43d along the second direction Y, that is, greater than or equal to the thickness of the first pole piece 43d, so that beyond The partly formed first bending portion 43h1 is bent toward the first pole piece 43d, and can completely cover both ends of the first pole piece 43d along the third direction Z, so that the first bending portion 43h1 is located between the first pole piece 43d and the first pole piece 43d. between the shells 410 to avoid contact between the first pole piece 43d and the inner wall of the shell 410 and reduce the risk of short circuit.

第一隔离件43h沿第三方向Z的两端设置的第一弯折部43h1的位置相对，每个第一弯折部43h1上均设置有多个第一排气孔，多个第一排气孔可以间隔分布在第一弯折部43h1上。第一极片43d与相邻极片之间的活性物质发生反应产生的气体可以经过相对的这两个第一弯折部43h1上的多个第一排气孔排放至第一弯折部43h1与壳体410之间。The positions of the first bent portions 43h1 provided at the two ends of the first spacer 43h along the third direction Z are opposite to each other, and each first bent portion 43h1 is provided with a plurality of first exhaust holes, and a plurality of first rows The air holes may be distributed on the first bent portion 43h1 at intervals. The gas generated by the reaction between the active material between the first pole piece 43d and the adjacent pole piece can be discharged to the first bent portion 43h1 through a plurality of first exhaust holes on the two opposite first bent portions 43h1 and the housing 410.

通过在第一隔离件43h沿第三方向Z的两端设置第一弯折部43h1，第一弯折部43h1设置多个第一排气孔，在保证排气效果的同时，可以减少第一极片43d与壳体410之间的短路风险。By setting the first bending part 43h1 at both ends of the first spacer 43h along the third direction Z, the first bending part 43h1 is provided with a plurality of first exhaust holes, while ensuring the exhaust effect, it can reduce the first Risk of short circuit between pole piece 43d and housing 410 .

在一些实施例中，如图9所示，电极组件430还包括第二隔离件43i，第二隔离件43i沿第三方向Z的两端设置有第二弯折部43i1，第二弯折部43i1朝向第一隔离件43i弯折并与第一弯折部43h1相接。第二弯折部43i1设置有多个第二排气孔，第二排气孔被配置为允许气体经过多个第二排气孔排出至第二弯折部43i1与壳体410之间。In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 9 , the electrode assembly 430 further includes a second separator 43i, and the two ends of the second separator 43i along the third direction Z are provided with a second bent portion 43i1, and the second bent portion 43i1 is bent toward the first spacer 43i and connected to the first bent portion 43h1. The second bent portion 43i1 is provided with a plurality of second exhaust holes, and the second exhaust holes are configured to allow gas to be discharged between the second bent portion 43i1 and the housing 410 through the plurality of second exhaust holes.

第二隔离件43i可以是与第一隔离件43i相邻的隔离件43b，也可以是与第一隔离件43h不相邻的隔离件43b。其中，第一隔离件43h与第二隔离件43i相邻指的是第一隔离件43h与第二隔离件43i之间仅有正极片43a或负极片43c，而没有其他隔离件43b。第一隔离件43h与第二隔离件43i不相邻指的是第一隔离件43h与第二隔离件43i之间不仅有正极片43a和负极片43c，还存在其他隔离件43b。The second spacer 43i may be the spacer 43b adjacent to the first spacer 43i, or the spacer 43b not adjacent to the first spacer 43h. Wherein, the first separator 43h is adjacent to the second separator 43i means that there is only positive electrode sheet 43a or negative electrode sheet 43c between the first separator 43h and the second separator 43i without other separators 43b. The fact that the first separator 43h is not adjacent to the second separator 43i means that there are not only the positive electrode sheet 43a and the negative electrode sheet 43c but also other separators 43b between the first separator 43h and the second separator 43i.

第二弯折部43i1是第二隔离件43i沿第三方向Z超出与其相邻的极片的部分，沿第二方向Y朝第一隔离件43h或者相邻极片弯折之后形成 的。本申请实施例中，第二弯折部43i1和第一弯折部43h1可以是沿第二方向Y同向弯折之后形成的，例如，第二弯折部43i1朝第一隔离件43h弯折，第一弯折部43h1背向第二隔离件43i弯折。当然，第二弯折部43i1和第一弯折部43h1也可以是沿第二方向Y异向弯折之后形成的，例如，第二弯折部43i1朝第一隔离件43h弯折，第一弯折部43h1朝第二隔离件43i弯折。不论第一弯折部43h1和第二弯折部43i1是同向弯折还是异向弯折，只要弯折之后两者可以互相连接即可，本申请实施例对此不作限定。其中，第一弯折部43h1和第二弯折部43i1之间的连接方式可以是粘接、热封等。The second bent portion 43i1 is formed after the second separator 43i exceeds the adjacent pole piece along the third direction Z, and is bent toward the first separator 43h or the adjacent pole piece along the second direction Y. In the embodiment of the present application, the second bent portion 43i1 and the first bent portion 43h1 may be formed after being bent in the same direction along the second direction Y, for example, the second bent portion 43i1 is bent toward the first spacer 43h , the first bending portion 43h1 is bent away from the second spacer 43i. Of course, the second bent portion 43i1 and the first bent portion 43h1 may also be formed after bending in opposite directions along the second direction Y, for example, the second bent portion 43i1 is bent toward the first spacer 43h, the first The bent portion 43h1 is bent toward the second spacer 43i. Regardless of whether the first bending portion 43h1 and the second bending portion 43i1 are bent in the same direction or in different directions, as long as they can be connected to each other after bending, this is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. Wherein, the connection method between the first bending portion 43h1 and the second bending portion 43i1 may be bonding, heat sealing and the like.

第二弯折部43i1设置有多个第二排气孔，多个第二排气孔可以间隔分布在第二弯折部43i1上。位于两个第二弯折部43i1之间的极片与其相邻极片之间的活性物质发生反应产生的气体，可以经过相对的这两个第二弯折部43i1上的多个第二排气孔排放至第二弯折部43i1与壳体410之间。The second bent portion 43i1 is provided with a plurality of second exhaust holes, and the plurality of second exhaust holes may be distributed on the second bent portion 43i1 at intervals. The gas generated by the reaction of the active material between the pole piece located between the two second bent parts 43i1 and the adjacent pole piece can pass through the plurality of second rows on the two opposite second bent parts 43i1. The air holes are discharged between the second bent portion 43i1 and the casing 410 .

在第一隔离件43h和第二隔离件43i沿第三方向Z的两端，通过将第二弯折部43i1朝向第一隔离件43h弯折并与第一弯折部43h1相接，第一隔离件43h和第二隔离件43i之间形成环形的绝缘部。第一隔离件43h和第二隔离件43i之间的极片位于该绝缘部中，可以很好地与壳体410绝缘。第二弯折部43i1设置多个第二排气孔，可以顺利将反应产生的气体排出至第二弯折部43i1与壳体410之间。也就是说，本申请实施例在保证排气效果的同时可以减少极片与壳体410之间的短路风险。At both ends of the first spacer 43h and the second spacer 43i along the third direction Z, by bending the second bent portion 43i1 toward the first spacer 43h and connecting with the first bent portion 43h1, the first An annular insulating portion is formed between the spacer 43h and the second spacer 43i. The pole piece between the first spacer 43h and the second spacer 43i is located in the insulating part, which can be well insulated from the casing 410 . The second bending portion 43i1 is provided with a plurality of second exhaust holes, which can smoothly discharge the gas generated by the reaction to between the second bending portion 43i1 and the casing 410 . That is to say, the embodiment of the present application can reduce the short circuit risk between the pole piece and the housing 410 while ensuring the exhaust effect.

在一些实施例中，如图10所示，电极组件430包括多个第三隔离件43j，多个第三隔离件43j沿第三方向Z的两端均设置有第三弯折部43j1，多个第三弯折部43j1均朝同一方向弯折，并且，多个第三弯折部43j1相接以形成环形的绝缘部，绝缘部用于将多个正极片43a和多个负极 片43c与壳体410绝缘。第三弯折部43j1设置有多个第三排气孔，第三排气孔被配置为允许气体经过多个第三排气孔排出至第三弯折部43j1与壳体410之间。In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 10 , the electrode assembly 430 includes a plurality of third separators 43j, and both ends of the plurality of third separators 43j are provided with third bending parts 43j1 along the third direction Z, and the multiple third separators 43j are provided with third bending parts 43j1. All the third bending parts 43j1 are bent in the same direction, and the plurality of third bending parts 43j1 are connected to form an annular insulating part, and the insulating part is used to connect the plurality of positive electrode sheets 43a and the plurality of negative electrode sheets 43c to the same direction. The housing 410 is insulated. The third bent portion 43j1 is provided with a plurality of third exhaust holes, and the third exhaust holes are configured to allow gas to be discharged between the third bent portion 43j1 and the housing 410 through the plurality of third exhaust holes.

第三隔离件43j可以是电极组件430中的任一隔离件43b。第三弯折部43j1是第三隔离件43j沿第三方向Z超出与其相邻的极片的部分，沿第二方向Y弯折之后形成的。多个第三弯折部43j1朝同一方向弯折后相接，形成环形的绝缘部。电极组件430包括的多个正极片43a和多个负极片43c位于该绝缘部中，可以很好地与壳体410绝缘。The third separator 43j may be any separator 43b in the electrode assembly 430 . The third bent portion 43j1 is formed after the third spacer 43j protrudes from the pole piece adjacent to it along the third direction Z and is bent along the second direction Y. The plurality of third bent portions 43j1 are bent in the same direction and connected to each other to form an annular insulating portion. The plurality of positive electrode sheets 43 a and the plurality of negative electrode sheets 43 c included in the electrode assembly 430 are located in the insulating part, which can be well insulated from the casing 410 .

第三弯折部43j1设置有多个第三排气孔，多个第三排气孔可以间隔分布在第三弯折部43j1上。位于绝缘部中的极片之间的活性物质发生反应产生的气体可以经过第三弯折部43j1上的多个第三排气孔排放至第三弯折部43j1与壳体410之间。The third bent portion 43j1 is provided with a plurality of third exhaust holes, and the plurality of third exhaust holes may be distributed on the third bent portion 43j1 at intervals. The gas generated by the reaction of the active material between the pole pieces in the insulating part can be discharged between the third bending part 43j1 and the casing 410 through the plurality of third exhaust holes on the third bending part 43j1 .

在第三隔离件43j沿第三方向Z的两端，通过将多个第三弯折部43j1沿第二方向Y同向弯折后相接形成环形的绝缘部。多个第三隔离件43j之间极片位于该绝缘部中，可以很好地与壳体410绝缘。第三弯折部43j1设置多个第三排气孔，可以顺利将反应产生的气体排出至第三弯折部43j1与壳体410之间。也就是说，本申请实施例在保证排气效果的同时可以减少极片与壳体410之间的短路风险。At both ends of the third spacer 43j along the third direction Z, a plurality of third bent portions 43j1 are bent in the same direction along the second direction Y and connected to form an annular insulating portion. The pole pieces between the plurality of third separators 43j are located in the insulating part, which can be well insulated from the casing 410 . The third bending portion 43j1 is provided with a plurality of third exhaust holes, which can smoothly discharge the gas generated by the reaction to between the third bending portion 43j1 and the casing 410 . That is to say, the embodiment of the present application can reduce the short circuit risk between the pole piece and the housing 410 while ensuring the exhaust effect.

在一些实施例中，电池单体400还包括设置于壳体410内表面的绝缘防护层，绝缘防护层用于将多个正极片43a和多个负极片43c与壳体410绝缘。In some embodiments, the battery cell 400 further includes an insulating protective layer disposed on the inner surface of the casing 410 , and the insulating protective layer is used to insulate the plurality of positive electrode sheets 43 a and the plurality of negative electrode sheets 43 c from the casing 410 .

绝缘防护层可以具有一定的熔点，避免特殊情况下产生的高温颗粒将绝缘防护层熔化而使绝缘防护层失去绝缘防护的作用。例如，绝缘防护层的熔点可以是100℃。The insulating protective layer may have a certain melting point, so as to prevent the high-temperature particles generated under special circumstances from melting the insulating protective layer and causing the insulating protective layer to lose its function of insulating protection. For example, the melting point of the insulating protective layer may be 100°C.

绝缘防护层可以通过涂覆或粘接等的方式设置在壳体410的内表 面。例如，可以通过绝缘胶将绝缘防护层粘接在壳体410的内表面。The insulating protective layer can be provided on the inner surface of the housing 410 by means of coating or bonding. For example, the insulating protection layer may be bonded to the inner surface of the housing 410 by insulating glue.

通过在壳体410内表面设置绝缘防护层，可以将电极组件430中的正极片43a和负极片43c与壳体410绝缘，进一步降低极片与壳体410之间的短路风险。By providing an insulating protective layer on the inner surface of the casing 410 , the positive electrode piece 43 a and the negative electrode piece 43 c in the electrode assembly 430 can be insulated from the casing 410 , further reducing the risk of short circuit between the electrode pieces and the casing 410 .

在一些实施例中，如图11所示，多个隔离件43b连接为一体，多个隔离件43b包括位于同一负极片43c两侧的第一隔离件43h和第二隔离件43i，以及，位于同一正极片43a两侧的第三隔离件43j和第四隔离件43k。第一隔离件43h和第二隔离件43i在电池单体400沿第一方向X的一端相连接，第三隔离件43j和第四隔离件43k在电池单体400沿第一方向X的另一端相连接。In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 11 , a plurality of separators 43b are connected as a whole, and the plurality of separators 43b include first separators 43h and second separators 43i located on both sides of the same negative electrode sheet 43c, and located at The third separator 43j and the fourth separator 43k on both sides of the same positive electrode sheet 43a. The first spacer 43h and the second spacer 43i are connected at one end of the battery cell 400 along the first direction X, and the third spacer 43j and the fourth spacer 43k are connected at the other end of the battery cell 400 along the first direction X. connected.

多个隔离件43b连接为一体指的是相邻两个隔离件43b的端部之间均具有连接，使得多个隔离件43b成为一个整体。多个隔离件43b连接为一体并具有多个弯折处，即在中间的隔离件43b沿第一方向X的一端与相邻的一个隔离件43b连接，另一端与另一相邻的隔离件43b连接；在两端的隔离件43b则仅有一端与相邻的一个隔离件43b连接，使得形成为一体的隔离件43b整体可以近似为“S”型、“W”型或者“M”型。在该多个隔离件43b上，每一个弯折处对应形成一个放置极片的空间，向同一方向弯折的弯折处放置有同极性的极片，例如正极片或负极片。使得在电极组件430中，同一负极片43c两侧的第一隔离件43h和第二隔离件43i均在沿第一方向X的一端连接，同一正极片43a两侧的第三隔离件43i和第四隔离件43k均在沿第一方向X的另一端连接。这样，可以有效避免正极片43a沿第一方向X裸露于负极片43c，并与其接触，还可以避免需要多次叠放隔离件43b，提高了电极组件430的组装效率。The connection of multiple spacers 43b as one means that there is a connection between the ends of two adjacent spacers 43b, so that the multiple spacers 43b are integrated. A plurality of spacers 43b are connected as a whole and have multiple bends, that is, one end of the spacer 43b in the middle along the first direction X is connected to an adjacent spacer 43b, and the other end is connected to another adjacent spacer 43b connection; only one end of the spacer 43b at both ends is connected to an adjacent spacer 43b, so that the spacer 43b formed as a whole can be approximately "S", "W" or "M" type. On the plurality of separators 43b, each bend corresponds to a space for placing pole pieces, and the bends bent in the same direction are placed with pole pieces of the same polarity, such as positive pole pieces or negative pole pieces. In the electrode assembly 430, the first separator 43h and the second separator 43i on both sides of the same negative electrode sheet 43c are connected at one end along the first direction X, and the third separator 43i and the second separator 43i on both sides of the same positive electrode sheet 43a The four spacers 43k are all connected at the other end along the first direction X. In this way, the positive electrode sheet 43a can be effectively prevented from being exposed to and contacted with the negative electrode sheet 43c along the first direction X, and the need to stack the separator 43b multiple times can be avoided, thereby improving the assembly efficiency of the electrode assembly 430 .

进一步地，多个隔离件43b沿第一方向X的两端分别相连，也可以防止反应产生的气体沿第一方向X流动，避免对壳体410和端盖组件420 地连接处造成冲击，提高了电池110的安全性能。Furthermore, the two ends of the plurality of spacers 43b are respectively connected along the first direction X, which can also prevent the gas generated by the reaction from flowing along the first direction X, avoiding impact on the connection between the housing 410 and the end cover assembly 420, and improving The safety performance of the battery 110 is improved.

通过将隔离件43b连接为一体，可以避免在组装电极组件430时多次叠放隔离件43b，提高了电极组件430的组装效率。另外，将负极片43c两侧的隔离件43b沿第一方向X的一端连接，将正极片43a两侧的隔离件43b沿第一方向X的另一端连接，使得隔离件43b沿第一方向X的两端分别相连，可以阻挡反应产生的气体沿第一方向X流动，避免对壳体410和端盖组件420的连接处造成冲击，提高了电池110的安全性能。By connecting the separators 43b as a whole, multiple stacking of the separators 43b can be avoided when assembling the electrode assembly 430 , which improves the assembly efficiency of the electrode assembly 430 . In addition, the separator 43b on both sides of the negative electrode sheet 43c is connected along one end of the first direction X, and the other end of the separator 43b on both sides of the positive electrode sheet 43a is connected along the first direction X, so that the separator 43b is along the first direction X. The two ends of the two are connected respectively, which can prevent the gas generated by the reaction from flowing along the first direction X, avoid impact on the junction of the casing 410 and the end cap assembly 420, and improve the safety performance of the battery 110 .

在一些实施例中，如图4和图7所示，电极组件430还包括多个由正极片43a沿第一方向X延伸出的正极极耳43a1，以及，多个由负极片43c沿第一方向X延伸出的负极极耳43c1，多个正极极耳43a1和多个负极极耳43c1分别设置于隔离件43b沿第一方向X的两侧，隔离件43b用于隔离正极极耳43a1与负极极耳43c1。In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 7 , the electrode assembly 430 further includes a plurality of positive tabs 43a1 extending from the positive sheet 43a along the first direction X, and a plurality of positive tabs 43a1 extending from the negative sheet 43c along the first direction X. The negative pole tab 43c1 extending in the direction X, the multiple positive pole tabs 43a1 and the multiple negative pole tabs 43c1 are respectively arranged on both sides of the separator 43b along the first direction X, and the separator 43b is used to isolate the positive pole tab 43a1 from the negative pole Tab 43c1.

正极片43a和负极片43c具有活性物质的部分构成电极组件430的主体部，正极片43a和负极片43c不具有活性物质的部分分别构成正极极耳43a1和负极极耳43c1。The parts of the positive electrode sheet 43a and the negative electrode sheet 43c with the active material constitute the main body of the electrode assembly 430, and the parts of the positive electrode sheet 43a and the negative electrode sheet 43c without the active material constitute the positive electrode tab 43a1 and the negative electrode tab 43c1 respectively.

本申请实施例将正极极耳43a1和负极极耳43c1分别沿第一方向X从正极片43a和负极片43c伸出，且使正极极耳43a1和负极极耳43c1分别位于隔离件43b沿第一方向X的两侧，这种自然出极耳的方式，不用额外焊接牵引线连接正极极耳43a1或负极极耳43c1，减小了工艺难度。另外，在负极片43c两侧的隔离件43b沿第一方向X的一端连接，正极片43a两侧的隔离件43b沿第一方向X的另一端连接的基础上，正极极耳43a1在通过正极转接片连接至正极端子时不会与连接负极极耳43c1的负极转接片电连接，负极极耳43c1在通过负极转接片连接至负极端子时也不会与连接正极极耳43a1的正极转接片电连接，提高了电池110的安全性能。In the embodiment of the present application, the positive pole tab 43a1 and the negative pole tab 43c1 protrude from the positive pole piece 43a and the negative pole piece 43c along the first direction X, respectively, and the positive pole tab 43a1 and the negative pole tab 43c1 are respectively positioned on the separator 43b along the first direction X. On both sides of the direction X, this natural tab-out method does not require additional welding pull wires to connect the positive tab 43a1 or the negative tab 43c1, which reduces the difficulty of the process. In addition, on the basis that the separators 43b on both sides of the negative electrode sheet 43c are connected along one end of the first direction X, and the separators 43b on both sides of the positive electrode sheet 43a are connected along the other end of the first direction X, the positive electrode tab 43a1 passes through the positive electrode. When the adapter piece is connected to the positive terminal, it will not be electrically connected to the negative electrode adapter piece connected to the negative pole ear 43c1, and the negative pole ear 43c1 will not be electrically connected to the positive pole connected to the positive pole ear 43a1 when it is connected to the negative terminal through the negative pole adapter piece. The adapter piece is electrically connected, which improves the safety performance of the battery 110 .

在一些实施例中，本申请还提供了一种电池110，包括上述任一实施例中的电池单体400。对于电池单体400的描述，请参考前述实施例，此处不再赘述。In some embodiments, the present application also provides a battery 110 , including the battery cell 400 in any of the above-mentioned embodiments. For the description of the battery cell 400 , please refer to the foregoing embodiments, and details are not repeated here.

在一些实施例中，本申请还提供了一种用电装置，包括前述实施例中的电池110。其中，电池110用于为用电装置提供电能。In some embodiments, the present application also provides an electric device, including the battery 110 in the foregoing embodiments. Wherein, the battery 110 is used to provide electric energy for the electric device.

综上，将多个正极片43a、多个隔离件43b和多个负极片43c沿第二方向Y层叠设置，使得反应产生的气体以及膨胀力沿壳体410的径向传递，不会对壳体410与端盖组件420之间的薄弱连接处造成损伤，反应产生的气体不会聚集在正负极片43c之间排不出去，从而不会撑大相邻正负极片43c之间的间隙而增大析锂风险，也不会影响电池单体400的容量和安全性能。另外，相邻正极片43a和负极片43c沿第三方向Z的尺寸不同，沿第三方向Z尺寸较小的极片的两侧没有其他极片相对，产气量和膨胀力较小，不会对壳体410造成较大冲击。并且，相邻正极片43a和负极片43c可以在沿第三方向Z的两端形成容纳空间，反应产生的气体很容易从压力较高的正负极片43c之间的间隙流向压力较低的容纳空间，使得气体能够及时***至容纳空间，从而使膨胀力及时沿第三方向Z传递，避免电池110出现胀气和鼓肚。减少了膨胀力沿第一方向X传递的可能，有效避免了对端盖组件420与壳体410连接处的冲击，避免电池110出现泄漏，提高了电池110的安全性能和循环寿命。To sum up, a plurality of positive electrode sheets 43a, a plurality of separators 43b and a plurality of negative electrode sheets 43c are stacked along the second direction Y, so that the gas generated by the reaction and the expansion force are transmitted along the radial direction of the casing 410 without impacting the casing 410. The weak connection between the body 410 and the end cover assembly 420 will cause damage, and the gas generated by the reaction will not accumulate between the positive and negative electrode sheets 43c and cannot be discharged, so as not to expand the gap between the adjacent positive and negative electrode sheets 43c The risk of lithium precipitation will be increased due to the gap, and the capacity and safety performance of the battery cell 400 will not be affected. In addition, adjacent positive electrode pieces 43a and negative electrode pieces 43c have different sizes along the third direction Z, and the two sides of the electrode piece with a smaller size along the third direction Z have no other electrode pieces facing each other, so the gas production and expansion force are small, and there will be no A large impact is caused to the casing 410 . Moreover, adjacent positive electrode sheets 43a and negative electrode sheets 43c can form accommodating spaces at both ends along the third direction Z, and the gas generated by the reaction can easily flow from the gap between the positive and negative electrode sheets 43c with higher pressure to the one with lower pressure. The accommodating space enables the gas to be discharged into the accommodating space in time, so that the expansion force is transmitted along the third direction Z in time, and the battery 110 is prevented from being bloated and bulging. The possibility of the expansion force being transmitted along the first direction X is reduced, the impact on the connection between the end cover assembly 420 and the casing 410 is effectively avoided, the leakage of the battery 110 is avoided, and the safety performance and cycle life of the battery 110 are improved.

本领域的技术人员能够理解，尽管在此的一些实施例包括其它实施例中所包括的某些特征而不是其它特征，但是不同实施例的特征的组合意味着处于本申请的范围之内并且形成不同的实施例。例如，在权利要求书中，所要求保护的实施例的任意之一都可以以任意的组合方式来使用。Those skilled in the art will understand that although some embodiments herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not others, combinations of features from different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the application and form different examples. For example, in the claims, any one of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.

以上，以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员 应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。Above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still be applied to the foregoing embodiments The technical solutions described in the examples are modified, or some of the technical features are equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the application.

Claims (17)

1. 一种电池单体(400)，其特征在于，包括：A battery cell (400), characterized by comprising:

   壳体(410)，具有容纳腔(411)和开口；The housing (410) has an accommodating chamber (411) and an opening;

   端盖组件(420)，沿第一方向(X)盖合于所述开口；an end cover assembly (420), covering the opening along a first direction (X);

   电极组件(430)，容纳于所述容纳腔(411)内，所述电极组件(430)包括沿第二方向(Y)层叠设置的多个正极片(43a)、多个隔离件(43b)和多个负极片(43c)，所述隔离件(43b)位于所述正极片(43a)和所述负极片(43c)之间以隔开所述正极片(43a)和所述负极片(43c)；An electrode assembly (430), accommodated in the accommodation cavity (411), the electrode assembly (430) comprising a plurality of positive electrode sheets (43a) and a plurality of separators (43b) stacked along the second direction (Y) and a plurality of negative electrode sheets (43c), the separator (43b) is located between the positive electrode sheet (43a) and the negative electrode sheet (43c) to separate the positive electrode sheet (43a) and the negative electrode sheet ( 43c);

   其中，相邻所述正极片(43a)和所述负极片(43c)沿第三方向(Z)的尺寸不同，所述第一方向(X)、所述第二方向(Y)、所述第三方向(Z)相互垂直。Wherein, the sizes of the adjacent positive electrode sheets (43a) and the negative electrode sheets (43c) along the third direction (Z) are different, the first direction (X), the second direction (Y), the The third directions (Z) are perpendicular to each other.
2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体(400)，其特征在于，所述壳体(410)包括与第三方向(Z)平行并与第二方向(Y)垂直的中心面，所述电极组件(430)包括第一极片(43d)和第二极片(43e)，所述第一极片(43d)和所述第二极片(43e)为所述多个负极片(43c)和所述多个正极片(43a)中的任意两个极片；The battery cell (400) according to claim 1, characterized in that, the housing (410) includes a central plane parallel to the third direction (Z) and perpendicular to the second direction (Y), and the electrodes The assembly (430) includes a first pole piece (43d) and a second pole piece (43e), and the first pole piece (43d) and the second pole piece (43e) are the plurality of negative pole pieces (43c) and any two pole pieces in the plurality of positive pole pieces (43a);

   所述第一极片(43d)比所述第二极片(43e)更靠近所述中心面，所述第一极片(43d)沿第三方向(Z)的尺寸大于所述第二极片(43e)沿第三方向(Z)的尺寸。The first pole piece (43d) is closer to the central plane than the second pole piece (43e), and the size of the first pole piece (43d) along the third direction (Z) is larger than that of the second pole piece The size of the sheet (43e) along the third direction (Z).
3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池单体(400)，其特征在于，沿所述第一方向(X)，所述负极片(43c)的尺寸大于所述正极片(43a)的尺寸。The battery cell (400) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, along the first direction (X), the size of the negative electrode sheet (43c) is larger than the size of the positive electrode sheet (43a).
4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电池单体(400)，其特征在于，所述电极组件(430)包括中间层，所述中间层为所述负极片(43c)。The battery cell (400) according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, the electrode assembly (430) includes an intermediate layer, and the intermediate layer is the negative electrode sheet (43c).
5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的电池单体(400)，其特征在于，所述电极组件(430)包括最外层，所述最外层为所述正极片(43a)。The battery cell (400) according to any one of Claims 1-4, characterized in that, the electrode assembly (430) comprises an outermost layer, and the outermost layer is the positive electrode sheet (43a).
6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的电池单体(400)，其特征在于，所述壳体(410)包括与第三方向(Z)平行并与第二方向(Y)垂直的中心面，所述电极组件(430)包括第一正极片(43f)，所述第一正极片(43f)包括第一集流体(43f1)和第一活性物质层(43f2)，所述第一集流体(43f1)包括沿所述第二方向(Y)相对设置的第一表面和第二表面，所述第一表面面向所述中心面，所述第一活性物质层(43f2)涂覆于所述第一表面和所述第二表面上，The battery cell (400) according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, the housing (410) includes a wall parallel to the third direction (Z) and perpendicular to the second direction (Y). center plane, the electrode assembly (430) includes a first positive electrode sheet (43f), the first positive electrode sheet (43f) includes a first current collector (43f1) and a first active material layer (43f2), and the first The current collector (43f1) includes a first surface and a second surface oppositely disposed along the second direction (Y), the first surface faces the central plane, and the first active material layer (43f2) is coated on on said first surface and said second surface,

   所述第一活性物质层在所述第一表面上沿所述第三方向的涂覆尺寸(D1)大于或等于所述第一活性物质层在所述第二表面上沿所述第三方向的涂覆尺寸(D2)。A coating dimension (D1) of the first active material layer along the third direction on the first surface is greater than or equal to that of the first active material layer along the third direction on the second surface The coating size (D2).
7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池单体(400)，其特征在于，所述电极组件(430)还包括与所述第一正极片(43f)相邻的第一负极片(43g)，所述第一负极片(43g)位于所述第一正极片(43f)远离所述中心面的一侧，所述第一负极片(43g)包括第二集流体(43g1)和第二活性物质层(43g2)，所述第二集流体(43g1)包括与所述第一正极片(43f)的第二表面相对的第三表面，The battery cell (400) according to claim 6, characterized in that, the electrode assembly (430) further comprises a first negative electrode sheet (43g) adjacent to the first positive electrode sheet (43f), the The first negative electrode sheet (43g) is located on the side of the first positive electrode sheet (43f) away from the central plane, and the first negative electrode sheet (43g) includes a second current collector (43g1) and a second active material layer ( 43g2), the second current collector (43g1) includes a third surface opposite to the second surface of the first positive electrode sheet (43f),

   所述第二活性物质层在所述第三表面上沿所述第三方向的涂覆尺寸(D3)大于或等于所述第一活性物质层在所述第二表面上沿所述第三方向的涂覆尺寸(D2)。A coating size (D3) of the second active material layer on the third surface along the third direction is greater than or equal to that of the first active material layer on the second surface along the third direction The coating size (D2).
8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的电池单体(400)，其特征在于，沿所述第一方向(X)，所述隔离件(43b)的尺寸大于所述负极片(43c)的尺寸。The battery cell (400) according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, along the first direction (X), the size of the separator (43b) is larger than that of the negative electrode sheet (43c )size of.
9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的电池单体(400)，其特征在于，所述电极组件(430)包括相邻的第一极片(43d)和第一隔离件(43h)，沿所述第三方向(Z)，所述第一隔离件(43h)的尺寸大于或等于所述第一极片(43d)的尺寸。The battery cell (400) according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that the electrode assembly (430) comprises adjacent first pole pieces (43d) and first separators (43h) , along the third direction (Z), the size of the first spacer (43h) is greater than or equal to the size of the first pole piece (43d).
10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池单体(400)，其特征在于，所述第一隔离件(43h)沿所述第三方向(Z)的两端设置有第一弯折部(43h1)，所述第一弯折部(43h1)朝向所述第一极片(43d)弯折，以使所述第一隔离件(43h)的至少部分位于所述第一极片(43d)和所述壳体(410)之间；The battery cell (400) according to claim 9, characterized in that, first bending parts (43h1) are provided at both ends of the first spacer (43h) along the third direction (Z), The first bending portion (43h1) is bent toward the first pole piece (43d), so that at least part of the first spacer (43h) is located between the first pole piece (43d) and the Between the shells (410);

    所述第一弯折部(43h1)设置有多个第一排气孔，所述第一排气孔被配置为允许气体经过所述多个第一排气孔排出至所述第一弯折部(43h1)与所述壳体(410)之间。The first bending portion (43h1) is provided with a plurality of first exhaust holes configured to allow gas to be discharged to the first bending portion through the plurality of first exhaust holes. part (43h1) and the housing (410).
11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池单体(400)，其特征在于，所述电极组件(430)还包括第二隔离件(43i)，所述第二隔离件(43i)沿所述第三方向(Z)的两端设置有第二弯折部(43i1)，所述第二弯折部(43i1)朝向所述第一隔离件(43h)弯折并与所述第一弯折部(43h1)相接；The battery cell (400) according to claim 10, characterized in that, the electrode assembly (430) further comprises a second separator (43i), and the second separator (43i) is along the third direction Both ends of (Z) are provided with a second bending part (43i1), and the second bending part (43i1) is bent toward the first spacer (43h) and connected with the first bending part (43h1 ) connected;

    所述第二弯折部(43i1)设置有多个第二排气孔，所述第二排气孔被配置为允许气体经过所述多个第二排气孔排出至所述第二弯折部(43i1)与所述壳体(410)之间。The second bending portion (43i1) is provided with a plurality of second exhaust holes configured to allow gas to be discharged to the second bending portion through the plurality of second exhaust holes. part (43il) and the housing (410).
12. 根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的电池单体(400)，其特征在于，所述电极组件(430)包括多个第三隔离件(43j)，所述多个第三隔离件(43j)沿所述第三方向(Z)的两端均设置有第三弯折部(43j1)， 多个所述第三弯折部(43j1)均朝同一方向弯折，并且，多个所述第三弯折部(43j1)相接以形成环形的绝缘部，所述绝缘部用于将多个正极片(43a)和多个负极片(43c)与所述壳体(410)绝缘；The battery cell (400) according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, the electrode assembly (430) comprises a plurality of third separators (43j), and the plurality of third separators (43j) Both ends of the third direction (Z) are provided with a third bending portion (43j1), a plurality of third bending portions (43j1) are bent in the same direction, and a plurality of The third bent parts (43j1) are connected to form an annular insulating part, and the insulating part is used to insulate a plurality of positive electrode sheets (43a) and a plurality of negative electrode sheets (43c) from the casing (410) ;

    所述第三弯折部(43j1)设置有多个第三排气孔，所述第三排气孔被配置为允许气体经过所述多个第三排气孔排出至所述第三弯折部(43j1)与所述壳体(410)之间。The third bending portion (43j1) is provided with a plurality of third exhaust holes configured to allow gas to be discharged to the third bending portion through the plurality of third exhaust holes. part (43j1) and the housing (410).
13. 根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的电池单体(400)，其特征在于，所述电池单体(400)还包括设置于所述壳体(410)内表面的绝缘防护层，所述绝缘防护层用于将多个正极片(43a)和多个负极片(43c)与所述壳体(410)绝缘。The battery cell (400) according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, the battery cell (400) further comprises an insulating protective layer disposed on the inner surface of the housing (410), The insulating protective layer is used to insulate a plurality of positive electrode sheets (43a) and a plurality of negative electrode sheets (43c) from the casing (410).
14. 根据权利要求1-13中任一项所述的电池单体(400)，其特征在于，所述多个隔离件(43b)连接为一体，所述多个隔离件(43b)包括位于同一负极片(43c)两侧的第一隔离件(43h)和第二隔离件(43i)，以及，位于同一正极片(43a)两侧的第三隔离件(43j)和第四隔离件(43k)，The battery cell (400) according to any one of claims 1-13, characterized in that, the plurality of separators (43b) are connected as a whole, and the plurality of separators (43b) include The first separator (43h) and the second separator (43i) on both sides of the sheet (43c), and the third separator (43j) and the fourth separator (43k) on both sides of the same positive electrode sheet (43a) ,

    所述第一隔离件(43h)和所述第二隔离件(43i)在所述电池单体(400)沿第一方向(X)的一端相连接，所述第三隔离件(43j)和所述第四隔离件(43k)在所述电池单体(400)沿所述第一方向(X)的另一端相连接。The first separator (43h) and the second separator (43i) are connected at one end of the battery cell (400) along the first direction (X), and the third separator (43j) and The fourth separator (43k) is connected to the other end of the battery cell (400) along the first direction (X).
15. 根据权利要求14所述的电池单体(400)，其特征在于，所述电极组件(430)还包括多个由所述正极片(43a)沿所述第一方向(X)延伸出的正极极耳(43a1)，以及，多个由所述负极片(43c)沿所述第一方向(X)延伸出的负极极耳(43c1)，所述多个正极极耳(43a1)和所述多个负极极耳(43c1)分别设置于所述隔离件(43b)沿所述第一方向(X) 的两侧，所述隔离件(43b)用于隔离所述正极极耳(43a1)与所述负极极耳(43c1)。The battery cell (400) according to claim 14, characterized in that, the electrode assembly (430) further comprises a plurality of positive electrodes extending from the positive electrode sheet (43a) along the first direction (X) a tab (43a1), and a plurality of negative tabs (43c1) extending from the negative sheet (43c) along the first direction (X), the plurality of positive tabs (43a1) and the A plurality of negative pole tabs (43c1) are respectively arranged on both sides of the separator (43b) along the first direction (X), and the separator (43b) is used to isolate the positive pole tab (43a1) from the The negative electrode tab (43c1).
16. 一种电池，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-15任一项所述的电池单体(400)。A battery, characterized by comprising the battery cell (400) according to any one of claims 1-15.
17. 一种用电装置，其特征在于，包括如权利要求16所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。An electrical device, characterized by comprising the battery according to claim 16, the battery is used to provide electrical energy.

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