WO2023050172A1 - 一种防止电池过充方法、装置，充电机及存储介质 - Google Patents

一种防止电池过充方法、装置，充电机及存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023050172A1
WO2023050172A1 PCT/CN2021/121763 CN2021121763W WO2023050172A1 WO 2023050172 A1 WO2023050172 A1 WO 2023050172A1 CN 2021121763 W CN2021121763 W CN 2021121763W WO 2023050172 A1 WO2023050172 A1 WO 2023050172A1
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Prior art keywords
state
charge
electric energy
management system
battery
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PCT/CN2021/121763
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王清明
王霞
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宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2021/121763 priority Critical patent/WO2023050172A1/zh
Priority to CN202180084464.3A priority patent/CN116636107A/zh
Publication of WO2023050172A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023050172A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/62—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of charging control, in particular, to a method and device for preventing battery overcharging, a charger and a storage medium.
  • BMS Battery Management System
  • the battery management system when the battery management system is abnormal (such as failure or downtime), the battery management system cannot monitor the current charging status of the battery, which will cause the charger to continue to charge the battery, which will easily cause the electric vehicle to be overcharged due to battery overcharging. A safety accident occurs.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a method and device for preventing battery overcharging, a charger and a storage medium, so that when the battery management system is abnormal, the charger can actively stop charging, thereby preventing electric vehicles and other equipment from being overcharged due to battery overcharging. to cause a safety accident.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for preventing battery overcharging, which is applied to a charger.
  • the method includes: obtaining a charging parameter message sent by the battery management system of the vehicle; the charging parameter message includes the battery Said electric energy; obtain the state of charge message sent by the battery management system, and based on the state of charge of the battery in the state of charge message obtained the latest time and the state of charge state of the battery obtained from the Mth time before the latest time
  • the state of charge of the battery in the article determines the amount of change in the state of charge; M is a natural number greater than or equal to 1; based on the amount of change in the state of charge, the nominal electric energy, and the corresponding amount of change in the state of charge
  • the electric energy output by the charger within a period of time is used to determine whether the battery management system is abnormal; when the battery management system is abnormal, charging is stopped.
  • the charger can obtain the nominal electric energy of the battery according to the charging parameter message sent by the battery management system, and obtain the change amount of the state of charge according to the state of charge message sent by the battery management system, and then according to the state of charge change
  • the electric energy output by the charger within the time period corresponding to the amount can determine whether the battery management system is abnormal. When the change in the state of charge does not match the electric energy output by the charger during this time period, the charging will be stopped. In this way, when the battery management system is abnormal, the charger can automatically complete the shutdown, thereby preventing the battery from being overcharged.
  • the said charge state change amount, the nominal electric energy and the time period corresponding to the charge state change amount are based on the The electric energy output by the charger, and judging whether the battery management system is abnormal includes: judging the state of charge variation, the nominal electric energy, and the charging state of the charger during the time period corresponding to the state of charge variation Whether the output electric energy satisfies a preset formula; when the state of charge variation, the nominal electric energy, and the electric energy satisfy the preset formula, it is determined that the battery management system is not abnormal; when the charging When the amount of state change, the nominal electric energy, and the electric energy do not satisfy the preset formula, it is determined that the battery management system is abnormal; wherein the preset formula is: K represents the electric energy; ⁇ SOC represents the state of charge variation; n represents the nominal electric energy.
  • the electric energy output by the charger should be proportional to the variation of the state of charge, therefore, by confirming the variation of the state of charge, the nominal electric energy and whether the electric energy output by the charger within the time period corresponding to the variation of the state of charge satisfies default formula It can accurately determine whether the battery management system is abnormal.
  • the method further includes: judging whether the voltage of the battery obtained by the battery management system has not changed; when the voltage of the battery obtained by the battery management system After the voltage of the battery does not change, it is determined that the battery management system is abnormal.
  • the charger will further judge whether the battery management system is abnormal based on whether the voltage of the battery acquired by the battery management system changes, that is, when the state of charge change, the nominal electric energy and the state of charge It is determined that the battery management system is abnormal after the electric energy output by the charger does not satisfy the preset formula within the time period corresponding to the change amount, and the battery voltage obtained by the battery management system has not changed. In this way, the accuracy of judging the abnormality of the battery management system can be improved, so as to reduce the situation of misjudgment.
  • the method further includes: continuing to acquire the voltage of the battery acquired by the battery management system; when the battery voltage acquired by the battery management system When the voltage of the battery changes, recharge it.
  • the charger after the charger stops charging, it will continue to obtain the voltage of the battery obtained by the battery management system, so as to be able to charge immediately after the battery management system returns to normal.
  • the method further includes: when the state of charge variation, the nominal electric energy, and the electric energy do not satisfy the preset formula , to obtain the state of charge message sent by the battery management system next time, and determine the latest state of charge change based on the next state of charge message; determine the latest state of charge change, the nominal Whether the electric energy and the electric energy output by the charger satisfy the preset formula within the time period corresponding to the latest state of charge change; when the latest state of charge change, the nominal electric energy and When the electric energy output by the charger does not satisfy the preset formula within the time period corresponding to the latest state of charge variation, it is determined that the battery management system is abnormal.
  • the charging machine determines that the battery management system is abnormal when it judges that the state of charge change and the electric energy output by itself do not satisfy the preset formula twice in a row. In this way, the abnormality judgment of the battery management system can be improved. accuracy to reduce misjudgment.
  • the value of M is 1.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a device for preventing battery overcharging, which is applied to a charger, and the device includes: an acquisition module, configured to acquire a charging parameter message sent by the battery management system of the vehicle; the charging parameter The message includes the nominal electric energy of the battery; the determining module is configured to obtain the state of charge message sent by the battery management system, and based on the state of charge of the battery in the state of charge message obtained last time and the state of charge from the latest The state of charge of the battery in the state of charge message obtained for the Mth time before one time determines the amount of change in the state of charge; M is a natural number greater than or equal to 1; the judging module is used to determine the amount of change in the state of charge based on the state of charge , the nominal electric energy and the electric energy output by the charger within the time period corresponding to the amount of change in the state of charge, to determine whether the battery management system is abnormal; the control module is used for when the battery management system appears If abnormal, stop charging.
  • an acquisition module configured to acquire
  • the judging module is specifically configured to judge the state of charge variation, the nominal electric energy, and the power corresponding to the state of charge variation. Whether the electric energy output by the charger satisfies a preset formula within a time period; when the state of charge variation, the nominal electric energy, and the electric energy satisfy the preset formula, it is determined that the battery management system does not appear Abnormal; when the state of charge variation, the nominal electric energy, and the electric energy do not satisfy the preset formula, it is determined that the battery management system is abnormal; wherein the preset formula is: K represents the electric energy; ⁇ SOC represents the state of charge variation; n represents the nominal electric energy.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a charger, including: a processor and a memory, the processor is connected to the memory; the memory is used to store programs; the processor is used to call the program stored in the memory
  • the program in the above-mentioned embodiment of the first aspect executes the method provided in some possible implementation manners in combination with the embodiment of the first aspect above.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned embodiment of the first aspect and/or in combination with the above-mentioned first aspect Some possible implementations of the embodiments provide methods.
  • Fig. 1 is a module block diagram of a charger provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the steps of a method for preventing battery overcharging provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a device for preventing battery overcharge provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Icons 100-charger; 110-processor; 120-memory; 200-battery overcharging prevention device; 210-obtaining module; 220-determining module; 230-judging module; 240-controlling module.
  • FIG. 1 is a module block diagram of a charger 100 applying the method and device for preventing battery overcharging provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the charger 100 may include a processor 110 and a memory 120 .
  • the processor 110 and the memory 120 are electrically connected directly or indirectly to realize data transmission or interaction. For example, these components may be connected to each other through one or more communication buses or signal lines.
  • the device for preventing battery overcharging includes at least one software module that can be stored in the memory 120 in the form of software or firmware (Firmware) or solidified in the operating system (Operating System, OS) of the charger 100 .
  • the processor 110 is used to execute executable modules stored in the memory 120 , for example, software function modules and computer programs included in the device for preventing battery overcharging, so as to implement the method for preventing battery overcharging.
  • the processor 110 may execute the computer program after receiving the execution instruction.
  • the processor 110 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities.
  • the processor 110 can also be a general-purpose processor, for example, can be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), a discrete Gate or transistor logic devices, and discrete hardware components can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application.
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor or the like.
  • Memory 120 can be, but not limited to, random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), read-only memory (Read Only Memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (Programmable Read-Only Memory, PROM), erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EPROM), and Electric Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM).
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • ROM read-only memory
  • PROM programmable read-only memory
  • PROM Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • EPROM Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • EEPROM Electric Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • FIG. 1 is only for illustration, and the charger 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application may also have fewer or more components than that shown in FIG. 1 , or have a configuration different from that shown in FIG. 1 .
  • each component shown in FIG. 1 may be realized by software, hardware or a combination thereof.
  • the charger 100 is already a well-known charging device in the art, it will not be described in detail here.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the steps of the method for preventing battery overcharging provided by the embodiment of the present application. The method is applied to the charger 100 shown in FIG. 1 . It should be noted that the method for preventing battery overcharge provided in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to the sequence shown in FIG. 2 and the following, and the method includes: step S101-step S104.
  • Step S101 Obtain the charging parameter message sent by the battery management system of the vehicle; the charging parameter message includes the nominal electric energy of the battery.
  • the battery management system of the electric vehicle When the user connects the charger to the charging interface of the electric vehicle, the battery management system of the electric vehicle will communicate with the charger through a handshake message to achieve docking. When the charger is successfully connected to the electric vehicle, the charger will obtain the charging parameter message sent by the battery management system, that is, the BCP (Battery Charging Parameters, battery charging parameter) message.
  • the BCP message includes the battery's nominal electric energy, maximum operating charging voltage, maximum operating charging current, maximum operating temperature and other parameters related to battery properties.
  • the nominal electric energy of the battery represents the total electric energy when the battery is fully charged.
  • the charger obtains the charging parameter message sent by the battery management system, it can analyze the message to obtain the nominal electric energy of the battery.
  • Step S102 Obtain the state of charge message sent by the battery management system, and based on the state of charge of the battery in the latest state of charge message obtained and the state of charge of the battery in the state of charge message obtained M times before the latest State of charge, determine the amount of change in state of charge; M is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
  • the battery management system After the battery management system is successfully connected with the charger, the charger starts to charge the battery. During the charging process, the battery management system will send a charging status message to the charger, that is, a BCS (Battery Charging Status, battery charging status) message.
  • the BCS message includes the measured value of the charging voltage, the measured value of the charging current, the current state of charge of the battery, the estimated remaining charging time and other parameters related to the state of the battery during charging.
  • the charger After the charger obtains the charge state message, it can analyze the message to obtain the state of charge of the battery.
  • the Mth time before the latest time refers to the Mth time counting backwards from the latest time.
  • the value of M is 1. Then the charger obtains the state of charge of the battery from the two adjacent state of charge messages, and then determines the amount of change in the state of charge.
  • the state of charge of the battery parsed from the latest state of charge message obtained by the charger is 80%
  • the value of M may also be 2, 3, etc., which is not limited in this application.
  • the charger State of charge to determine the amount of state of charge change.
  • Step S103 Based on the state of charge variation, the nominal electric energy, and the electric energy output by the charger within the time period corresponding to the state of charge variation, determine whether the battery management system is abnormal.
  • the charger After obtaining the state of charge change amount and the nominal electric energy through the aforementioned steps, the charger then obtains the electric energy output by the charger within the time period corresponding to the charge state change amount.
  • Step S103 may specifically include : Judging whether the change in state of charge, the nominal electric energy and the electric energy output by the charger within the time period corresponding to the change in state of charge satisfy the preset formula; when the change in state of charge, the nominal electric energy and the electric energy meet the preset formula When , it is determined that the battery management system is not abnormal; when the state of charge change, the nominal electric energy and the electric energy do not meet the preset formula, it is determined that the battery management system is abnormal.
  • K represents the electric energy
  • ⁇ SOC represents the state of charge change
  • n represents the nominal electric energy
  • 100kwh/100 means that 1% of the state of charge change requires 1kwh of electric energy, that is, every time the charger outputs 1kwh of electric energy, the charging message sent by the battery management system
  • the state of charge of the battery should vary by 1%.
  • it can be judged whether there is an abnormality between the electric energy K output by the charger and the state of charge variation ⁇ SOC.
  • the electric energy K output by the charger is 20kwh
  • the state of charge change ⁇ SOC is 20%
  • the electric energy K output by the charger and the state of charge change ⁇ SOC satisfy the formula (1), that is, the electric energy K output by the charger is 20kwh
  • the state of charge change ⁇ SOC is 20%
  • the nominal electric energy n is 100kwh.
  • the electric energy K output by the charger is 20kwh, and the state of charge change ⁇ SOC is 18%.
  • the electric energy K output by the charger and the state of charge change ⁇ SOC do not satisfy the formula (1), that is, the electric energy K output by the charger is 20kwh, the state of charge change ⁇ SOC is 18%, and the nominal electric energy n is 100kwh. If the battery state does not match, it means that the battery management system is abnormal at this time, and the state of charge of the battery contained in the state of charge message sent by the battery management system is the state of charge of the battery contained in the state of charge message before the abnormality occurs .
  • step S104 When it is judged that the battery management system is abnormal, execute step S104; when it is judged that the battery management system is not abnormal, continue to execute step S102, that is, continue to obtain the charging status message sent by the battery management system, and continue to detect the battery management system.
  • Step S104 Stop charging.
  • the charger When the charger judges that the battery management system is abnormal, it will actively stop charging. At this time, the charger can send a CST (Charger Stop, stop charging) message to the battery management system.
  • CST Charge Stop, stop charging
  • the charger can obtain the nominal electric energy of the battery according to the charging parameter message sent by the battery management system, and obtain the state of charge change amount according to the charging state message sent by the battery management system, and then according to the The power output by the charger within the time period corresponding to the state change can determine whether the battery management system is abnormal. When the state of charge change does not match the power output by the charger during this time period, charging will stop. Through this method, when the battery management system is abnormal, the charger can automatically complete the shutdown, thereby preventing the battery from overcharging, and effectively avoiding the occurrence of safety accidents caused by battery overcharging.
  • the method also includes: judging whether the voltage of the battery acquired by the battery management system has not changed; when the voltage of the battery acquired by the battery management system has not changed, determining that the battery management system is abnormal.
  • the voltage of the battery can also be analyzed from the BCS message sent by the battery management system.
  • the charger can continue to obtain the voltage of the battery obtained by the battery management system, and recharge when the voltage of the battery obtained by the battery management system changes.
  • the charger can be charged at the first time after the battery management system returns to normal.
  • the charging opportunity will only be determined when it is judged twice in a row that the change in state of charge and the electric energy output by itself do not meet the preset formula There is an abnormality in the battery management system.
  • the method further includes: when the state of charge variation, the nominal electric energy, and the electric energy do not satisfy the preset formula, obtaining the state of charge message sent by the battery management system next time, and based on the next state of charge message, determining The latest change in the state of charge; determine whether the latest change in the state of charge, the nominal electric energy, and the electric energy output by the charger within the time period corresponding to the latest change in the state of charge satisfy the preset formula; when the latest When the state of charge change, the nominal electric energy and the electric energy output by the charger within the time period corresponding to the latest state of charge change do not satisfy the preset formula, it is determined that the battery management system is abnormal.
  • the preset formula here is formula (1).
  • the latest state of charge variation is the difference between the state of charge of the battery in the next state of charge message and the state of charge of the battery in the Mth time before the next state of charge message.
  • the charging machine only determines that the battery management system is abnormal when it determines that the amount of change in the state of charge and the electric energy output by itself do not satisfy the preset formula twice in a row.
  • the charger may determine that the battery management system is abnormal when it judges that the amount of change in the state of charge and the electric energy output by itself do not satisfy the preset formula for three or four consecutive times. In this regard, this application does not make a limitation.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery overcharging prevention device 200 , which is applied to a charger, and the device includes: an acquisition module 210 , a determination module 220 , a judgment module 230 and a control module 240 .
  • the acquiring module 210 is configured to acquire the charging parameter message sent by the battery management system of the vehicle; the charging parameter message includes the nominal electric energy of the battery.
  • the determining module 220 is configured to obtain the state of charge message sent by the battery management system, and based on the state of charge of the battery in the state of charge message obtained the latest time and the state of charge of the battery obtained from the Mth time before the latest time
  • the state of charge of the battery in the state of charge message determines the amount of change in the state of charge; M is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
  • a judging module 230 configured to judge whether the battery management system has abnormal.
  • the control module 240 is configured to stop charging when the battery management system is abnormal.
  • the judging module is specifically configured to judge whether the amount of change in the state of charge, the nominal electric energy, and the electric energy output by the charger within the time period corresponding to the amount of change in the state of charge satisfy a preset formula; When the state of charge variation, the nominal electric energy, and the electric energy satisfy the preset formula, it is determined that the battery management system is not abnormal; when the state of charge variation, the nominal electric energy And when the electric energy does not satisfy the preset formula, it is determined that the battery management system is abnormal; wherein the preset formula is: K represents the electric energy; ⁇ SOC represents the state of charge variation; n represents the nominal electric energy.
  • the judging module 230 is also used to judge whether the voltage of the battery acquired by the battery management system has not changed; when the voltage of the battery acquired by the battery management system has not changed, determine that the battery An exception occurred in the management system.
  • control module 240 is also configured to continue to obtain the voltage of the battery obtained by the battery management system; when the voltage of the battery obtained by the battery management system changes, recharging.
  • the judging module 230 is also configured to acquire the state of charge report sent by the battery management system next time when the state of charge variation, the nominal electric energy, and the electric energy do not satisfy the preset formula. and based on the next state of charge message, determine the latest change in state of charge; determine the latest change in state of charge, the nominal electric energy, and the value corresponding to the latest change in state of charge Whether the electric energy output by the charger satisfies the preset formula within a time period; when the latest state of charge variation, the nominal electric energy, and the time period corresponding to the latest state of charge variation When the electric energy output by the charger does not satisfy the preset formula, it is determined that the battery management system is abnormal.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed, the method provided in the above-mentioned embodiments is executed.
  • the storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the available medium may be a magnetic medium (such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape), an optical medium (such as a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (such as a Solid State Disk (SSD)).
  • the disclosed devices and methods may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division.
  • multiple units or components can be combined or May be integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some communication interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • a unit described as a separate component may or may not be physically separated, and a component displayed as a unit may or may not be a physical unit, that is, it may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated to form an independent part, each module may exist independently, or two or more modules may be integrated to form an independent part.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种防止电池过充方法、装置，充电机及存储介质。该方法包括：获取车辆的电池管理***发送的充电参数报文；充电参数报文包括电池的标称电能；获取电池管理***发送的充电状态报文，并基于从最新一次获取的充电状态报文中的电池的荷电状态以及从最新一次前的第M次获取的充电状态报文中的电池的荷电状态，确定荷电状态变化量；M为大于等于1的自然数；基于所述荷电状态变化量、标称电能以及在荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内充电机输出的电能，判断电池管理***是否出现异常；当电池管理***出现异常，则停止充电。通过该方式使得当电池管理***出现异常时，充电机可以自主完成停机，进而防止电池过充。

Description

一种防止电池过充方法、装置，充电机及存储介质 技术领域
本申请涉及充电控制技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种防止电池过充方法、装置，充电机及存储介质。
背景技术
随着科技的发展与进步，电动汽车成为未来大力发展的方向，目前电动汽车上均配置有电池管理***(Battery Management System，BMS)，其能够提高电池的利用率，防止电池出现过度充电和过度放电的现象。
但是当电池管理***出现异常时(如故障或者宕机)，电池管理***无法对当前电池的充电状况进行监测，进而导致充电机会一直持续的为电池进行充电，很容易导致电动汽车因电池过充而发生安全事故。
发明内容
本申请实施例的目的在于提供一种防止电池过充方法、装置，充电机及存储介质，以使得当电池管理***出现异常时，充电机能够主动停止充电，进而防止电动汽车等设备因电池过充而发生安全事故。
本发明是这样实现的：
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种防止电池过充方法，应用于充电机，所述方法包括：获取车辆的电池管理***发送的充电参数报文；所述充电参数报文包括电池的标称电能；获取所述电池管理***发送的充电状态报文，并基于从最新一次获取的充电状态报文中的所述电池的荷电状态以及从最新一次前的第M次获取的充电状态报文中的所述电池的荷电状态，确定荷电状态变化量；M为大于等于1的自然数；基于所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及在所述荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内所述充电机输出的电能，判断所述电池管理***是否出现异常；当所述电池管理***出现异常，则停止充电。
在本申请实施例中，充电机可以根据电池管理***发送的充电参数报文得到电池的标称电能，根据电池管理***发送的充电状态报文得到荷电状态变化量，再根据荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内充电机输出的电能即可判断电池管理***是否出现异常，当荷电状态变化量与该时间段充电机输出的电能不匹配时，则停止充电。通过该方式使得当电池管理***出现异常时，充电机可以自主完成停机，进而防止电池过充。
结合上述第一方面提供的技术方案，在一些可能的实现方式中，所 述基于所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及在所述荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内所述充电机输出的电能，判断所述电池管理***是否出现异常，包括：判断所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及在所述荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内所述充电机输出的电能是否满足预设公式；当所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及所述电能满足所述预设公式时，确定所述电池管理***未出现异常；当所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及所述电能不满足所述预设公式时，确定所述电池管理***出现异常；其中，所述预设公式为：
Figure PCTCN2021121763-appb-000001
K表示所述电能；ΔSOC表示所述荷电状态变化量；n表示所述标称电能。
由于充电机输出的电能与荷电状态的变化量应成正比关系，因此，通过确认荷电状态变化量、标称电能以及在荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内充电机输出的电能是否满足预设公式
Figure PCTCN2021121763-appb-000002
能够准确地判断出电池管理***是否出现异常。
结合上述第一方面提供的技术方案，在一些可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：判断所述电池管理***获取的所述电池的电压是否未发生变化；当所述电池管理***获取的所述电池的电压未发生变化后，确定所述电池管理***出现异常。
在本申请实施例中，充电机还会结合电池管理***获取的电池的电压是否发生变化来进一步地判断电池管理***是否出现异常，即当荷电状态变化量、标称电能以及在荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内充电机输出的电能不满足预设公式，且电池管理***获取的电池的电压未发生变化后，才确定电池管理***出现异常。通过该方式，能够提高对电池管理***异常判断的准确性，以减小出现误判的情况。
结合上述第一方面提供的技术方案，在一些可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：继续获取所述电池管理***获取的所述电池的电压；当所述电池管理***获取的所述电池的电压出现变化时，则重新进行充电。
在本申请实施例中，充电机在停止充电后，会继续获取电池管理***获取的电池的电压，以便在电池管理***恢复正常后能够第一时间进行充电。
结合上述第一方面提供的技术方案，在一些可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：当所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及所述电能不满足所述预设公式时，获取所述电池管理***下一次发送的充电状态报文，并基于下一次的充电状态报文，确定最新的荷电状态变化量；判断所述最新的荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及在所述最新的荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内所述充电机的输出的电能是否满足所述预设公式；当所述最新的荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及在所述最新的荷电状态变化量对 应的时间段内所述充电机的输出的电能不满足所述预设公式时，确定所述电池管理***出现异常。
在本申请实施例中，充电机会在连续两次判断出荷电状态变化量与自身输出的电能不满足预设公式时才确定电池管理***出现异常，通过该方式，能够提高电池管理***的异常判断的准确性，以减小出现误判的情况。
结合上述第一方面提供的技术方案，在一些可能的实现方式中，M的数值为1。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供一种防止电池过充装置，应用于充电机，所述装置包括：获取模块，用于获取车辆的电池管理***发送的充电参数报文；所述充电参数报文包括电池的标称电能；确定模块，用于获取所述电池管理***发送的充电状态报文，并基于从最新一次获取的充电状态报文中的所述电池的荷电状态以及从最新一次前的第M次获取的充电状态报文中的所述电池的荷电状态，确定荷电状态变化量；M为大于等于1的自然数；判断模块，用于基于所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及在所述荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内所述充电机输出的电能，判断所述电池管理***是否出现异常；控制模块，用于当所述电池管理***出现异常，则停止充电。
结合上述第二方面提供的技术方案，在一些可能的实现方式中，所述判断模块具体用于判断所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及在所述荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内所述充电机输出的电能是否满足预设公式；当所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及所述电能满足所述预设公式时，确定所述电池管理***未出现异常；当所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及所述电能不满足所述预设公式时，确定所述电池管理***出现异常；其中，所述预设公式为：
Figure PCTCN2021121763-appb-000003
K表示所述电能；ΔSOC表示所述荷电状态变化量；n表示所述标称电能。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种充电机，包括：处理器和存储器，所述处理器和所述存储器连接；所述存储器用于存储程序；所述处理器用于调用存储在所述存储器中的程序，执行如上述第一方面实施例和/或结合上述第一方面实施例的一些可能的实现方式提供的方法。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序在被处理器运行时执行如上述第一方面实施例和/或结合上述第一方面实施例的一些可能的实现方式提供的方法。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施 例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种充电机的模块框图。
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种防止电池过充方法的步骤流程图。
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种防止电池过充装置的模块框图。
图标：100-充电机；110-处理器；120-存储器；200-防止电池过充装置；210-获取模块；220-确定模块；230-判断模块；240-控制模块。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。
请参阅图1，本申请实施例提供的一种应用防止电池过充方法及装置的充电机100的模块框图。
在结构上，充电机100可以包括处理器110和存储器120。
处理器110与存储器120直接或间接地电性连接，以实现数据的传输或交互，例如，这些元件相互之间可通过一条或多条通讯总线或信号线实现通讯连接。防止电池过充装置包括至少一个可以软件或固件(Firmware)的形式存储在存储器120中或固化在充电机100的操作***(Operating System，OS)中的软件模块。处理器110用于执行存储器120中存储的可执行模块，例如，防止电池过充装置所包括的软件功能模块及计算机程序等，以实现防止电池过充方法。处理器110可以在接收到执行指令后，执行计算机程序。
其中，处理器110可以是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号处理能力。处理器110也可以是通用处理器，例如，可以是中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，CPU)、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、分立门或晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件，可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。此外，通用处理器可以是微处理器或者任何常规处理器等。
存储器120可以是，但不限于，随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、只读存储器(Read Only Memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable Read-Only Memory，PROM)、可擦可编程序只读存储器(Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory，EPROM)，以及电可擦编程只读存储器(Electric Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory，EEPROM)。存储器120用于存储程序，处理器110在接收到执行指令后， 执行该程序。
需要说明的是，图1所示的结构仅为示意，本申请实施例提供的充电机100还可以具有比图1更少或更多的组件，或是具有与图1所示不同的配置。此外，图1所示的各组件可以通过软件、硬件或其组合实现。且由于充电机100已为本领域所熟知的充电设备，因此，此处也不作详述。
请参阅图2，图2为本申请实施例提供的防止电池过充方法的步骤流程图，该方法应用于图1所示的充电机100。需要说明的是，本申请实施例提供的防止电池过充方法不以图2及以下所示的顺序为限制，该方法包括：步骤S101-步骤S104。
步骤S101：获取车辆的电池管理***发送的充电参数报文；充电参数报文包括电池的标称电能。
当用户将充电机与电动汽车的充电接口连接后，电动汽车的电池管理***会与充电机通过握手报文以实现对接。当充电机与电动汽车对接成功后，充电机会获取到电池管理***发送的充电参数报文，即BCP(Battery Charging Parameters，电池充电参数)报文。BCP报文中包括电池的标称电能、最高运行充电电压、最高运行充电电流、最高运行温度等与电池属性的相关参数。
其中，电池的标称电能表示电池充满时的总电能。充电机在获取到电池管理***发送的充电参数报文后，可以对该报文进行解析，以获得电池的标称电能。
步骤S102：获取电池管理***发送的充电状态报文，并基于从最新一次获取的充电状态报文中的电池的荷电状态以及从最新一次前的第M次获取的充电状态报文中的电池的荷电状态，确定荷电状态变化量；M为大于等于1的自然数。
在电池管理***与充电机对接成功后，充电机开始对电池进行充电。在充电过程中，电池管理***会向充电发送充电状态报文，即BCS(Battery Charging Status，电池充电状态)报文。BCS报文中包括充电电压测量值，充电电流测量值、当前电池的荷电状态、估算剩余充电时间等与电池充电过程中的状态相关的参数。
充电机在获取到充电状态报文后，可以对该报文进行解析，以获得电池的荷电状态。
需要说明的是，最新一次前的第M次，是指以最新一次为起点往回倒数的第M次。于本申请实施例中，M的数值为1。则充电机从相邻的两次充电状态报文中获取电池的荷电状态，进而确定出荷电状态变化量。
示例性的，充电机获取的最新一次的充电状态报文中解析出的电池的荷电状态为80％，充电机从最新一次的前一次获取的充电状态报文中解析出的电池的荷电状态为70％，则荷电状态变化量为80％-70％＝10％。
在其他实施例中，M的数值也可以是2、3等，本申请不作限定。比如，当M的数值为2时，此时充电机根据从最新一次获取的充电状态报文中的电池的荷电状态以及从最新一次前的第二次获取的充电状态报文中的电池的荷电状态来确定荷电状态变化量。
步骤S103：基于荷电状态变化量、标称电能以及在荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内充电机输出的电能，判断电池管理***是否出现异常。
在通过前述步骤获取得到荷电状态变化量和标称电能后，充电机再获取在荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内充电机输出的电能。
由于充电机输出的电能与荷电状态的变化量应成正比关系，因此，可以根据充电机输出的电能与荷电状态的变化量是否匹配来判断电池管理***是否出现异常，步骤S103可以具体包括：判断荷电状态变化量、标称电能以及在荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内充电机输出的电能是否满足预设公式；当荷电状态变化量、标称电能以及电能满足预设公式时，确定电池管理***未出现异常；当荷电状态变化量、标称电能以及电能不满足预设公式时，确定电池管理***出现异常。
其中，预设公式的表达式为：
Figure PCTCN2021121763-appb-000004
公式(1)中，K表示电能；ΔSOC表示荷电状态变化量；n表示标称电能。
示例性的，假设为100kwh(千瓦时，能量度量单位)，则100kwh/100表示荷电状态变化1％需要1kwh的电能，即充电机每输出1kwh的电能，则电池管理***发送的充电报文中的电池的荷电状态应变化1％。进而根据标称电能所得到的电能与荷电状态的对应关系即可判断充电机输出的电能K与荷电状态变化量ΔSOC之间是否出现异常。
假设充电机输出的电能K为20kwh，荷电状态变化量ΔSOC为20％，此时，充电机输出的电能K与荷电状态变化量ΔSOC满足公式(1)，即将充电机输出的电能K为20kwh，荷电状态变化量ΔSOC为20％、标称电能n为100kwh代入公式(1)后，公式(1)左右两边相等，说明此时电池管理***未出现异常。
假设充电机输出的电能K为20kwh，荷电状态变化量ΔSOC为18％，此时，充电机输出的电能K与荷电状态变化量ΔSOC不满足公式(1)，即将充电机输出的电能K为20kwh，荷电状态变化量ΔSOC为18％、标称电能n为100kwh代入公式(1)后，公式(1)左右两边不相等，则充电机输出的电能与电池管理***发送的电池的荷电状态不匹配，说明此时电池管理***出现异常，此时电池管理***发送的充电状态报文所包含的电池的荷电状态为出现异常之前的充电状态报文所包含的电池的荷电状态。
当判断电池管理***出现异常后，执行步骤S104，当判断电池管理 ***未出现异常后，继续执行步骤S102，即继续获取电池管理***发送的充电状态报文，继续对电池管理***进行检测。
步骤S104：停止充电。
当充电机判断电池管理***出现异常后，则主动停止充电，此时，充电机可向电池管理***发送CST(Charger Stop，中止充电)报文。
可见，在本申请实施例中，充电机根据可以电池管理***发送的充电参数报文得到电池的标称电能，根据电池管理***发送的充电状态报文得到荷电状态变化量，再根据荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内充电机输出的电能即可判断电池管理***是否出现异常，当荷电状态变化量与该时间段充电机输出的电能不匹配时，则停止充电。通过该方式使得当电池管理***出现异常时，充电机可以自主完成停机，进而防止电池过充，有效地避免了因电池过充而导致安全事故的发生。
可选地，为了提高对电池管理***异常判断的准确性，以减小出现误判的情况，在判断电池管理***是否异常时，还可以结合电池管理***获取的电池的电压是否发生变化来进一步地判断电池管理***是否出现异常。该方法还包括：判断电池管理***获取的电池的电压是否未发生变化；当电池管理***获取的电池的电压未发生变化后，确定电池管理***出现异常。
其中，电池的电压也可以从电池管理***发送的BCS报文中解析出来。
相应的，在停止充电后，充电机还可以继续获取电池管理***获取的电池的电压，当电池管理***获取的电池的电压出现变化时，则重新进行充电。
需要说明的是，当电池管理***获取的电池的电压出现变化时，则说明此时电池管理***已经恢复正常，此时充电机重新对其进行充电。可见，通过上述方式能够使得充电机在电池管理***恢复正常后能够第一时间进行充电。
可选地，为了提高对电池管理***异常判断的准确性，以减小出现误判的情况，充电机会在连续两次判断出荷电状态变化量与自身输出的电能不满足预设公式时才确定电池管理***出现异常。即，该方法还包括：当荷电状态变化量、标称电能以及电能不满足预设公式时，获取电池管理***下一次发送的充电状态报文，并基于下一次的充电状态报文，确定最新的荷电状态变化量；判断最新的荷电状态变化量、标称电能以及在最新的荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内充电机的输出的电能是否满足所述预设公式；当最新的荷电状态变化量、标称电能以及在最新的荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内充电机的输出的电能不满足预设公式时，确定电池管理***出现异常。
此处的预设公式即为公式(1)。最新的荷电状态变化量即为下一次的充电状态报文中的电池的荷电状态与从下一次前的第M次获取的充电状态报文中的电池的荷电状态的差值。
也即，充电机会在连续两次判断出荷电状态变化量与自身输出的电能不满足预设公式时才确定电池管理***出现异常。当然，在其他实施例中，充电机也可以连续三次或连续四次判断出荷电状态变化量与自身输出的电能不满足预设公式时才确定电池管理***出现异常。对此，本申请不作限定。
请参阅图3，基于同一发明构思，本申请实施例还提供一种防止电池过充装置200，应用于充电机，该装置包括：获取模块210、确定模块220、判断模块230及控制模块240。
获取模块210，用于获取车辆的电池管理***发送的充电参数报文；所述充电参数报文包括电池的标称电能。
确定模块220，用于获取所述电池管理***发送的充电状态报文，并基于从最新一次获取的充电状态报文中的所述电池的荷电状态以及从最新一次前的第M次获取的充电状态报文中的所述电池的荷电状态，确定荷电状态变化量；M为大于等于1的自然数。
判断模块230，用于基于所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及在所述荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内所述充电机输出的电能，判断所述电池管理***是否出现异常。
控制模块240，用于当所述电池管理***出现异常，则停止充电。
可选地，判断模块具体用于判断所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及在所述荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内所述充电机输出的电能是否满足预设公式；当所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及所述电能满足所述预设公式时，确定所述电池管理***未出现异常；当所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及所述电能不满足所述预设公式时，确定所述电池管理***出现异常；其中，所述预设公式为：
Figure PCTCN2021121763-appb-000005
K表示所述电能；ΔSOC表示所述荷电状态变化量；n表示所述标称电能。
可选地，判断模块230还用于判断所述电池管理***获取的所述电池的电压是否未发生变化；当所述电池管理***获取的所述电池的电压未发生变化后，确定所述电池管理***出现异常。
可选地，控制模块240还用于继续获取所述电池管理***获取的所述电池的电压；当所述电池管理***获取的所述电池的电压出现变化时，则重新进行充电。
可选地，判断模块230还用于当所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及所述电能不满足所述预设公式时，获取所述电池管理***下一次发送的充电状态报文，并基于下一次的充电状态报文，确定最新的荷电状态 变化量；判断所述最新的荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及在所述最新的荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内所述充电机的输出的电能是否满足所述预设公式；当所述最新的荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及在所述最新的荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内所述充电机的输出的电能不满足所述预设公式时，确定所述电池管理***出现异常。
需要说明的是，由于所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的***、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
基于同一发明构思，本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，计算机程序在被运行时执行上述实施例中提供的方法。
该存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘Solid State Disk(SSD))等。
在本申请所提供的实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，又例如，多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个***，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些通信接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
另外，作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
再者，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能模块可以集成在一起形成一个独立的部分，也可以是各个模块单独存在，也可以两个或两个以上模块集成形成一个独立的部分。
在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。
以上所述仅为本申请的实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请的保护范围，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种防止电池过充方法，其特征在于，应用于充电机，所述方法包括：
    获取车辆的电池管理***发送的充电参数报文；所述充电参数报文包括电池的标称电能；
    获取所述电池管理***发送的充电状态报文，并基于从最新一次获取的充电状态报文中的所述电池的荷电状态以及从最新一次前的第M次获取的充电状态报文中的所述电池的荷电状态，确定荷电状态变化量；M为大于等于1的自然数；
    基于所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及在所述荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内所述充电机输出的电能，判断所述电池管理***是否出现异常；
    当所述电池管理***出现异常，则停止充电。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及在所述荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内所述充电机输出的电能，判断所述电池管理***是否出现异常，包括：
    判断所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及在所述荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内所述充电机输出的电能是否满足预设公式；
    当所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及所述电能满足所述预设公式时，确定所述电池管理***未出现异常；
    当所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及所述电能不满足所述预设公式时，确定所述电池管理***出现异常；
    其中，所述预设公式为：
    Figure PCTCN2021121763-appb-100001
    K表示所述电能；ΔSOC表示所述荷电状态变化量；n表示所述标称电能。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    判断所述电池管理***获取的所述电池的电压是否未发生变化；
    当所述电池管理***获取的所述电池的电压未发生变化后，确定所述电池管理***出现异常。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    继续获取所述电池管理***获取的所述电池的电压；
    当所述电池管理***获取的所述电池的电压出现变化时，则重新进行充电。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    当所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及所述电能不满足所述预设公式时，获取所述电池管理***下一次发送的充电状态报文，并基于下一次的充电状态报文，确定最新的荷电状态变化量；
    判断所述最新的荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及在所述最新的荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内所述充电机的输出的电能是否满足所述预设公式；
    当所述最新的荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及在所述最新的荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内所述充电机的输出的电能不满足所述预设公式时，确定所述电池管理***出现异常。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，M的数值为1。
  7. 一种防止电池过充装置，其特征在于，应用于充电机，所述装置包括：
    获取模块，用于获取车辆的电池管理***发送的充电参数报文；所述充电参数报文包括电池的标称电能；
    确定模块，用于获取所述电池管理***发送的充电状态报文，并基于从最新一次获取的充电状态报文中的所述电池的荷电状态以及从最新一次前的第M次获取的充电状态报文中的所述电池的荷电状态，确定荷电状态变化量；M为大于等于1的自然数；
    判断模块，用于基于所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及在所述荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内所述充电机输出的电能，判断所述电池管理***是否出现异常；
    控制模块，用于当所述电池管理***出现异常，则停止充电。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，所述判断模块具体用于判断所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及在所述荷电状态变化量对应的时间段内所述充电机输出的电能是否满足预设公式；当所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及所述电能满足所述预设公式时，确定所述电池管理***未出现异常；当所述荷电状态变化量、所述标称电能以及所述电能不满足所述预设公式时，确定所述电池管理***出现异常；其中，所述预设公式为：
    Figure PCTCN2021121763-appb-100002
    K表示所述电能；ΔSOC表示所述荷电状态变化量；n表示所述标称电能。
  9. 一种充电机，其特征在于，包括：处理器和存储器，所述处理器和所述存储器连接；
    所述存储器用于存储程序；
    所述处理器用于运行存储在所述存储器中的程序，执行如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的方法。
  10. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，其上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序在被计算机运行时执行如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的方 法。
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