WO2023040222A1 - Overvoltage protection apparatus, and gas discharge tube and preparation method therefor - Google Patents

Overvoltage protection apparatus, and gas discharge tube and preparation method therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023040222A1
WO2023040222A1 PCT/CN2022/081148 CN2022081148W WO2023040222A1 WO 2023040222 A1 WO2023040222 A1 WO 2023040222A1 CN 2022081148 W CN2022081148 W CN 2022081148W WO 2023040222 A1 WO2023040222 A1 WO 2023040222A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
temperature
gas discharge
insulating
electrodes
discharge tube
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/081148
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郑传啸
王炎林
胡勇
王旭明
Original Assignee
深圳市瑞隆源电子有限公司
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Filing date
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Application filed by 深圳市瑞隆源电子有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市瑞隆源电子有限公司
Publication of WO2023040222A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023040222A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
    • H01J17/02—Details
    • H01J17/34—One or more circuit elements structurally associated with the tube
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
    • H01J17/02—Details
    • H01J17/04—Electrodes; Screens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
    • H01J9/18—Assembling together the component parts of electrode systems

Definitions

  • the application relates to the technical field of overvoltage protection equipment, in particular to an overvoltage protection device, a gas discharge tube for actively removing faults and a preparation method thereof.
  • the gas discharge tube is usually used as an overvoltage protection device.
  • the gas discharge tube currently used generally includes an insulating tube body and two electrodes. Discharge cavity. When the voltage at both ends of the electrodes of the gas discharge tube exceeds the breakdown voltage of the inert gas, gap discharge will be caused, so that the gas discharge tube will quickly change from a high-resistance state to a low-resistance state, and the lightning current or overvoltage will be released to the ground. Thereby protecting other devices connected in parallel with the gas discharge tube.
  • the short-circuit current of the gas discharge tube When the short-circuit current of the gas discharge tube is too large when it is working, its power-frequency freewheeling current is very large, and it is difficult to block or extinguish the power-frequency freewheeling current in the discharge tube. At this time, the power-frequency short-circuit arc in the discharge tube keeps burning, forming a short circuit.
  • the protected equipment cannot operate normally, and the continuous combustion will cause the discharge tube to explode, and the high-speed sputtering of the explosion products will also cause damage to the equipment. Therefore, the existing gas discharge tube has the technical problem of low safety performance.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an overvoltage protection device, a gas discharge tube for actively cutting off faults and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the technical problem of low safety performance of the gas discharge tube in the prior art.
  • the technical solution adopted in this application is to provide a gas discharge tube that actively removes faults, and the active fault removal gas discharge tube includes:
  • Two electrodes are respectively arranged at both ends of the first insulating tube, and form a discharge cavity surrounded by the first insulating tube, and the two electrodes face the surface of the discharge cavity to form a discharge surface; as well as
  • the connectors are all provided with a high-temperature connection part, and at least one of the two connectors is also provided with a low-temperature connection part, and the low-temperature connection part is connected end to end with the corresponding high-temperature connection part in a ring shape, and the The melting point of the low temperature connection is lower than the melting point of the high temperature connection.
  • the low-temperature connection part is a combination of one or more of low-temperature solder, low-temperature adhesive, or silicone.
  • the high temperature connection part is high temperature solder.
  • the discharge surface of the electrode is flat or convex.
  • the active cut-off fault type gas discharge tube further includes a second insulating tube body, and the second insulating tube body is sleeved on the periphery of the first insulating tube body and connected to the first insulating tube body.
  • the two ends of the second insulating tube are arranged at intervals, and the two ends of the second insulating tube are respectively sealed and connected to the two electrodes, and the second insulating tube is surrounded by the first insulating tube and the two electrodes to form a gas storage chamber.
  • the gas containing cavity is used for containing inert gas and/or air.
  • the electrodes are integrally formed of conductive materials
  • the electrode includes a connected conductive part and an insulating part, the conductive part covers the end of the first insulating tube and is used to surround the first insulating tube to form the discharge cavity, so
  • the insulating part is arranged around the outer periphery of the conductive part, and is used to surround the first insulating pipe body and the second insulating pipe body to form the gas accommodating cavity.
  • the present application also provides an overvoltage protection device, which includes the above-mentioned active cut-off fault type gas discharge tube.
  • the present application also provides a preparation method for actively cutting off a faulty gas discharge tube, the method is used to prepare the above-mentioned active cutting off faulty gas discharge tube, and the method includes:
  • Preparation materials prepare two electrodes, two connectors and the first insulating tube, wherein the discharge surfaces of the two electrodes are coated with electron emission materials, and both connectors include high-temperature connectors, And at least one of the two connecting parts includes a high-temperature connecting part and a low-temperature connecting part, and the melting point of the high-temperature connecting part is higher than the melting point of the low-temperature connecting part;
  • Welding In an inert gas environment, use a welding furnace to melt each of the connectors and then fixedly connect the corresponding electrodes to the first insulating pipe body.
  • the step of preparing the two connectors includes:
  • connection piece the high-temperature connection part and the low-temperature connection part are casted in sections to form the connection piece.
  • the method for actively cutting off a faulty gas discharge tube further includes preparing a second insulating tube in the step of preparing materials;
  • the second insulating pipe body is sheathed on the outer periphery of the first insulating pipe body and spaced apart from the first insulating pipe body;
  • the welding step also includes applying a high temperature resistant sealant layer at the interface between the two electrodes and the second insulating pipe body in an inert gas environment or an air environment, so that the two ends of the second insulating pipe body The terminals are respectively sealed and connected to the two electrodes.
  • the beneficial effect of the active cut-off fault type gas discharge tube provided by the present application is that compared with the prior art, the active cut off fault type gas discharge tube provided by the present application has a connecting piece with both a low-temperature connection part and a high-temperature connection part, When the lightning current or overvoltage is too large, resulting in too large or too long power frequency continuous flow in the gas discharge tube, when the temperature in the discharge chamber gradually rises to the melting point of the low-temperature connection, the low-temperature connection will melt.
  • An opening is formed at the end of the first insulating tube body, and gas exchange can be carried out inside and outside the discharge chamber, thereby blocking the continuous flow of power frequency, avoiding the explosion of the gas discharge tube, and improving the safety performance of the gas discharge tube; and, due to the high temperature connection in the connector
  • the melting point of the part is higher than the melting point of the low-temperature connection part. After the temperature in the discharge chamber reaches the melting point of the low-temperature connection part, the high-temperature connection part will still not melt, and the connection will not produce too many molten droplets, which can avoid splashing of molten droplets.
  • Injection into the first insulating tube produces a short-circuit phenomenon in the first insulating tube, which improves the safety performance of the gas discharge tube, and because the high-temperature connection can keep the two electrodes connected to the first insulating tube, it can also prevent the electrodes from being connected to the first insulating tube.
  • the collapse of the insulating tube body will cause impact to external personnel or equipment, further improving the safety performance of the gas discharge tube.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an actively removing faulty gas discharge tube provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the active removal of the faulty gas discharge tube provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 3 is a top view structural schematic diagram of the active removal fault type gas discharge tube provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a voltage waveform diagram of the sampling resistor when the gas discharge tube provided in the embodiment of the present application is subjected to a fault response characteristic test.
  • the actively cut off fault type gas discharge tube includes a first insulating tube body 100 , two electrodes 200 and two connecting pieces 300 .
  • the two electrodes 200 are respectively arranged at both ends of the first insulating tube body 100, and are surrounded by the first insulating tube body 100 to form a discharge chamber 400, and the surface of the two electrodes 200 facing the discharge chamber 400 forms a discharge surface 210; each connector 300 It is sandwiched between the corresponding electrode 200 and the first insulating tube body 100, and is used to seal the corresponding electrode 200 to the first insulating tube body 100.
  • Both connecting parts 300 are provided with high-temperature connecting parts 310, and the two connecting parts At least one connector 300 in 300 is also provided with a low-temperature connection part 320 , which is connected end-to-end with the corresponding high-temperature connection part 310 in a ring shape.
  • the melting point of the low-temperature connection part 320 is lower than that of the high-temperature connection part 310 .
  • the gas discharge tube may be a diode, a triode or a multi-electrode, which may be set as required, and is not limited herein.
  • the first insulating tube body 100 can be a ceramic tube body, a glass tube body or other tube bodies suitable for making a gas discharge tube, and can be arranged according to needs, which is not limited herein.
  • the area of the surface of the electrode 200 near the first insulating tube 100 is greater than the area of the end surface of the first insulating tube 100, and one end of the first insulating tube 100 is connected to one of the electrodes 200 near the first insulating tube 100. In the middle of the surface on one side, the other end of the first insulating tube 100 is connected to the middle of the surface of the other electrode 200 close to the first insulating tube 100 .
  • the two connectors 300 can both be provided with a low-temperature connection portion 320, so that when the internal temperature of the discharge chamber 400 of the gas discharge tube reaches the melting point of the low-temperature connection portion 320, both ends of the gas discharge tube will appear due to the low-temperature connection portion 320.
  • the opening formed by melting facilitates the quick exchange of gas inside and outside the discharge chamber 400, thereby cutting off the power frequency freewheeling flow in a timely manner, with good safety performance.
  • the two connectors 300 can also be arranged such that one of the connectors 300 is provided with a low-temperature connector 320 and a high-temperature connector 310 at the same time, and the other connector 300 is only provided with a high-temperature connector 310, which can reduce the risk of being provided with a high-temperature connector. 310 and the low-temperature connection part 320, the usage of the connector 300 reduces the manufacturing cost and improves the manufacturing efficiency.
  • the number of the low-temperature connection part 320 may be one, two, etc.
  • the number of the high-temperature connection part 310 may also be one, two, etc.
  • the connector 300 provided with the low temperature connection part 320 may include a low temperature connection part 320 and a high temperature connection part 310, and the low temperature connection part 320 and the high temperature connection part 310 are connected end to end to form a ring.
  • the connector 300 provided with the low-temperature connection part 320 may include two low-temperature connection parts 320 and two high-temperature connection parts 310, and the two low-temperature connection parts 320 and the two high-temperature connection parts 310 are alternately connected end to end to form a ring.
  • openings can be formed at different positions of the discharge chamber 400 .
  • the melting point of the low-temperature connecting portion 320 and the melting point of the high-temperature connecting portion 310 can be selected according to the flow capacity and impact breakdown voltage of the gas discharge tube, and there is no unique limitation here.
  • the high temperature connection portion 310 refers to a connection portion with a melting point of 700° C. and greater than 700° C.
  • high temperature refers to a temperature of 700° C. and greater than 700° C.
  • the low temperature is a lower temperature than the high temperature, and is a temperature of 400°C or lower.
  • the low-temperature connection part 320 refers to a connection part with a melting point less than or equal to 400°C.
  • the low temperature is a temperature between 300°C and 400°C.
  • the low temperature connection part 320 refers to a connection part with a melting point between 300°C and 400°C.
  • the beneficial effect of the active cut off fault type gas discharge tube provided by this embodiment is that compared with the prior art, the active cut off fault type gas discharge tube provided by this embodiment can not only discharge lightning current or overvoltage, Other devices connected in parallel to the discharge tube have a protective effect; and when the lightning current or overvoltage is too large, resulting in too large power-frequency continuous flow or too long duration of the gas discharge tube, the temperature in the discharge chamber 400 gradually rises to When the melting point of the low-temperature connecting portion 320 is reached, the low-temperature connecting portion 320 of the connector 300 will gradually melt, forming an opening at the end of the first insulating tube body 100, enabling gas exchange between the inside and outside of the discharge chamber 400, thereby blocking the power frequency freewheeling flow, Avoid the explosion of the gas discharge tube and improve the safety performance of the gas discharge tube; and, because the melting point of the high temperature connection part 310 in the connector 300 is higher than the melting point of the low temperature connection part 320, the temperature in the discharge chamber 400 reaches the temperature of the low temperature connection
  • the high-temperature connection part 310 will still not melt, and the connector 300 will not produce too many molten droplets, which can prevent the molten droplets from splashing into the first insulating tube body 100 and causing a short circuit in the first insulating tube body 100 , improve the safety performance of the gas discharge tube, and because the high-temperature connection part 310 can still keep the two electrodes 200 connected to the first insulating tube body 100, it can also prevent the electrodes 200 from collapsing from the first insulating tube body 100 and causing damage to outside personnel or The impact caused by the equipment further improves the safety performance of the gas discharge tube.
  • the connecting piece 300 provided with the low-temperature connecting portion 320 and the high-temperature connecting portion 310 in this embodiment increases the temperature in the discharge chamber 400 to a low temperature.
  • the heat absorbed by the high temperature connection part 310 is only used to increase the temperature of the high temperature connection part 310, and no phase change occurs, while the heat absorbed by the low temperature connection part 320 is used to change the phase state and increase the temperature.
  • the temperature of the low-temperature connection part 320 rises more slowly, and the heat of the discharge chamber 400 will be more easily conducted to the low-temperature connection part 320 with a larger temperature difference than the temperature in the discharge chamber, thereby accelerating the melting of the low-temperature connection part 320 , so that the gas discharge tube can cut off the power frequency freewheeling more quickly, with high sensitivity.
  • the connector 300 with only the low-temperature connection part 320 uses a lot of materials and covers a wide area. When the low-temperature connection part 320 melts, a large number of molten droplets will be formed, which are very easy to sputter to the first insulating layer. A short circuit is formed inside the tube body 100, which even causes the two electrodes 200 to melt, which affects the failure response characteristics of the gas discharge tube.
  • this embodiment provides the connector 300 with the low-temperature connector 320 and the high-temperature connector 310 at the same time, which can be installed by a slot-type installation method.
  • the high temperature connection part 310 can be located at the bottom of the card slot according to the marks of the high temperature connection part 310 and the low temperature connection part 320 on the first insulating tube body 100, or by other means, and the low temperature connection
  • the portion 320 is located at the top of the slot, so that the high-temperature connection portion 310 directly contacts components such as circuit boards, thereby avoiding failure of the overvoltage protection device caused by damage to other components such as circuit boards when the low-temperature connection portion 320 is heated and melted.
  • this embodiment provides the connector 300 with both the low-temperature connector 320 and the high-temperature connector 310, which can be connected to the high temperature by adjusting the low-temperature connector 320.
  • the ratio of the area and volume of the part 310 is used to adapt to gas discharge tubes with different flow capacities, so that various types of gas discharge tubes have both suitable overvoltage protection capabilities and strong ability to interrupt power frequency freewheeling. , so that the product has great promotion and application value.
  • the low-temperature connection portion 320 is a combination of one or more of low-temperature solder, low-temperature adhesive, or silicone.
  • low-temperature connection part 320 when the low-temperature connection part 320 is installed between the corresponding electrode 200 and the first insulating tube 100, one side of the low-temperature connection part 320 faces the inside of the discharge chamber 400, and the other side faces the outside of the discharge chamber 400.
  • the low-temperature solder can be tin-antimony-lead alloy solder with a melting point of 400°C, lead solder with a melting point of 327°C, zinc solder with a melting point of 420°C, etc.
  • the melting point of low-temperature solder can also be 227°C, 199°C, 382°C, etc. Uniquely limited.
  • Low-temperature adhesives can also use organic glues.
  • the low-temperature connection part 320 will melt and cause the discharge chamber 400 to fail to seal. flow.
  • the high temperature connection part 310 is high temperature solder.
  • the high-temperature solder can keep the corresponding electrode 200 connected to the first insulating tube 100, preventing the electrode 200 from collapsing and causing damage to external personnel or equipment.
  • the melting point of the high-temperature solder may be 700°C, 720°C, 730°C, 740°C, 760°C, 770°C, 780°C, 790°C, 800°C, etc., which is not limited herein.
  • the high-temperature solder is copper-silver alloy solder.
  • the connector 300 provided with the low temperature connector 320 includes at least two low temperature connectors 320 and at least two high temperature connectors 310, at least two low temperature connectors 320 and at least two high temperature connectors 310 are alternately connected to form a ring.
  • openings can be formed at different positions of the discharge chamber 400, which can avoid the need to ensure that the low-temperature connection part 320 is not blocked by other structures outside the gas discharge tube when only a single low-temperature connection part 320 is provided. , and the installation method and orientation of the gas discharge tube are restricted, which increases the difficulty of installing the gas discharge tube.
  • the discharge surface 210 of the electrode 200 is a convex surface, which can make gap discharge occur in the middle of the two electrodes 200, that is, the part where the distance between the two electrodes 200 is shorter, and avoid damage to the first insulating tube. Body 100.
  • the discharge surface 210 of the electrode 200 is a plane (not shown in the figure, the discharge surface 210 of the electrode 200 shown in the figure is a convex surface).
  • the electrode 200 whose discharge surface 210 is planar when discharge occurs on the discharge surface 210, the heat generated is directly transferred to the outer peripheral connector 300 through the plane, and the heat conduction distance is shorter , the melting speed of the low-temperature connection part 320 is fast, and the end of the discharge chamber 400 opens more quickly, so that the power frequency freewheeling flow can be interrupted faster, and the safety of the gas discharge tube can be ensured.
  • the gas discharge tube of the active cut-off fault type further includes a second insulating tube body 500, and the second insulating tube body 500 is sleeved on the first insulating tube body 100 and is spaced apart from the first insulating tube body 100, and the two ends of the second insulating tube body 500 are respectively sealed and connected to the two electrodes 200, and the second insulating tube body 500 is surrounded by the first insulating tube body 100 and the two electrodes 200 to form Gas containing chamber 600 .
  • the second insulating tube body 500 can be a ceramic tube body, a glass tube body, etc., and can be set according to needs, which is not limited herein.
  • the gas discharge tube When the gas discharge tube is in use, it is usually filled with glue on the outside to increase the performance of the equipment such as moisture-proof, dust-proof, insulation, and sealing.
  • the gas accommodating chamber 600 is formed on the outer periphery of the discharge chamber 400 by setting the second insulating tube body 500, so that the inert gas in the discharge chamber 400 is encapsulated by potting glue and cannot be separated from the outside air.
  • the interruption of power frequency freewheeling can still be achieved by exchanging with the gas in the gas accommodating chamber 600 , so that the application range of the gas discharge tube is wider.
  • the gas discharge tube provided with the second insulating tube body 500, its electrode 200 is still kept outside, the electrode 200 can be directly connected to structures such as circuit boards through lead wires, avoiding that the electrode 200 is arranged inside the gas discharge tube, and requires gas
  • the shell and other structures of the discharge tube are perforated, which simplifies the manufacturing process of the components of the gas discharge tube.
  • a high temperature resistant sealant layer 700 is provided between the second insulating pipe body 500 and the corresponding electrode 200 , and the high temperature resistant sealant layer 700 is used to connect the corresponding electrode 200 to the second insulating pipe body 500 .
  • the high temperature resistant sealant layer 700 is not easily deformed or melted when heated, which ensures the reliability of the connection between the second insulating pipe body 500 and the electrode 200 .
  • the gas accommodating chamber 600 is used for accommodating inert gas and/or air.
  • the gas in the gas containing chamber 600 may be air, argon, neon, etc., and may be set as required.
  • the gas in the gas storage chamber 600 is mainly used for gas exchange with the inert gas in the discharge chamber 400, so as to block the power frequency freewheeling flow in the discharge chamber 400, so we do not want the gas storage chamber 600
  • the gas in the gas storage chamber is broken down, and the gas in the gas storage chamber 600 needs to have a high dielectric strength.
  • the breakdown pressure of the gas first decreases and then increases with the increase of the gas pressure, so the gas pressure of the gas type in the gas discharge tube can be set to avoid the overvoltage applied to the two electrodes 200 from breaking down the gas
  • the gas in the accommodating cavity 600, the gas type and the gas pressure are not limited here.
  • the gas containing chamber 600 may be filled with high-pressure air, negative-pressure air, high-pressure inert gas, etc. to improve the gas insulation strength. It can also be filled with normal pressure air to save production costs.
  • the electrode 200 is integrally formed of conductive material.
  • the manufacturing process of the gas discharge tube can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
  • the electrode 200 includes a connected conductive part (not shown in the figure) and an insulating part (not shown in the figure), the conductive part covers the end of the first insulating tube body 100 and is used for connecting with the first
  • the insulating tube body 100 forms a discharge chamber 400
  • the insulating part surrounds the outer periphery of the conducting part, and is used to form a gas accommodating cavity 600 surrounded by the first insulating tube body 100 and the second insulating tube body 500 .
  • the conductive part and the insulating part of the electrode 200 may be sealed and connected by means of glue connection, snap connection, etc., which are not limited herein.
  • the two ends of the gas storage chamber 600 are insulating parts, and gap discharge is not easy to occur in the gas storage chamber 600. In this way, the gas in the gas storage chamber 600 can always work in the discharge chamber 400. When the frequency of continuous flow is too large or the duration is too long, it can interrupt the power frequency continuous flow, so that the reliability of the gas discharge tube is good.
  • This embodiment also provides an overvoltage protection device (not shown in the figure), and the overvoltage protection device includes the above-mentioned active cut-off fault type gas discharge tube.
  • the overvoltage protection device adopts all the above-mentioned embodiments of actively cutting off the fault-type gas discharge tube, it at least has all the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned embodiments, and will not repeat them here.
  • This embodiment also provides a method for actively cutting off a faulty gas discharge tube.
  • the method is used to prepare the above-mentioned active cutting off faulty gas discharge tube.
  • the method includes:
  • Preparation materials prepare two electrodes 200, two connectors 300 and the first insulating tube body 100, wherein the discharge surfaces 210 of the two electrodes 200 are coated with electron emission materials, and the two connectors 300 include high-temperature connectors 310, and the two connectors At least one connecting part 300 in the parts 300 includes a high-temperature connecting part 310 and a low-temperature connecting part 320, and the melting point of the high-temperature connecting part 310 is higher than the melting point of the low-temperature connecting part 320;
  • the two electrodes 200 are respectively arranged at both ends of the first insulating tube body 100, and each connector 300 is interposed between the corresponding electrodes 200 and the first insulating tube body 100;
  • welding In an inert gas environment, use a welding furnace to melt each connecting piece 300 and then fixedly connect the corresponding electrode 200 to the first insulating tube body 100 .
  • the preparation method of the actively cutting fault type gas discharge tube provided in this embodiment has simple production and assembly processes, low manufacturing cost, and the prepared gas discharge tube has a strong ability to interrupt power frequency freewheeling.
  • the steps of preparing the two connectors 300 include:
  • An annular high-temperature connection portion 310 is prepared, and a low-temperature connection portion 320 is formed by vapor deposition within a predetermined range on the surface of the annular high-temperature connection portion 310 .
  • the connecting piece 300 is prepared by vapor phase deposition.
  • the process method is simple, the environment is improved, no pollution, less consumables, uniform and dense film formation, strong bonding force between the high temperature connecting part 310 and the low temperature connecting part 320, the connecting part 300 The structural strength is good.
  • the steps of preparing the two connectors 300 include:
  • connection piece 300 The high temperature connection part 310 and the low temperature connection part 320 are casted in sections to form the connection piece 300 .
  • the connecting piece 300 is prepared by segmental casting, the internal stress of the connecting piece 300 is small, and the production cost is low.
  • the above-mentioned preparation method for actively cutting off the fault type gas discharge tube also includes preparing the second insulating tube body 500 in the step of preparing materials;
  • the second insulating pipe body 500 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first insulating pipe body 100 and spaced apart from the first insulating pipe body 100;
  • the welding step also includes applying a high temperature resistant sealant layer 700 at the interface between the two electrodes 200 and the second insulating pipe body 500 in an inert gas environment or an air environment, so that the two ends of the second insulating pipe body 500 are respectively It is sealed and connected with two electrodes 200 .
  • the pressures of the inert gas environment and the air environment can be set as required, and are not limited herein.
  • the second insulating pipe body 500 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first insulating pipe body 100 before the welding step, and a high temperature resistant sealant layer is used after the welding step 700 makes the second insulating tube body 500 and the electrode 200 fixedly connected, so that the production and assembly process of the gas discharge tube is simple, and the manufacturing efficiency is high. Glue treatment will not affect the ability of the gas discharge tube to interrupt power frequency freewheeling.
  • this embodiment also provides a gas discharge tube, please refer to FIG. They are respectively arranged at both ends of the first insulating tube body 100, and are surrounded by the first insulating tube body 100 to form a discharge chamber 400.
  • the surface of the two electrodes 200 facing the discharge chamber 400 forms a discharge surface 210; each connector 300 is sandwiched between the corresponding Between the electrode 200 and the first insulating tube body 100, it is used to seal the corresponding electrode 200 to the first insulating tube body 100.
  • One of the two connecting parts 300 is provided with a high-temperature connecting part 310, and one of the two connecting parts 300 The other one is provided with a high-temperature connection part 310 and a low-temperature connection part 320, and the low-temperature connection part 320 and the high-temperature connection part 310 are connected end to end in a ring shape.
  • Zinc solder with a melting point of 420°C is used, and the DC breakdown voltage of the gas discharge tube is 600V.
  • the schematic diagram of the test is shown in Figure 5 below, where the combined wave generators are 1.2/50 ⁇ s and 8/20 ⁇ s combined wave generators; the sampling resistor R is an inductive cement resistor with a power of 100W and a resistance value of 2 ⁇ , and the inductance is about 10mH ,
  • the cement resistor has the advantages of shock resistance, humidity resistance, heat resistance, good heat dissipation, and low price. Its explosion-proof performance is also good and can play a protective role.
  • the gas discharge tube can withstand the impact of current pulses. At this time, the gas discharge tube will appear arc phenomenon, resulting in power frequency freewheeling and short circuit failure.
  • the sampling captured by the oscilloscope The voltage waveform diagram of the resistor is shown in Figure 6. The waveform vibrates larger and the disturbance is larger. It can be seen from the waveform that when the gas discharge tube is broken down and power-frequency freewheeling occurs, the sampling resistor and the series circuit of the gas discharge tube form a path, and the voltage drop of the sampling resistor instantly rises to 14V.
  • the failure response time of the gas discharge tube is about 7s.

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Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of overvoltage protection devices, and provides an overvoltage protection apparatus, and an active fault removal type gas discharge tube and a preparation method therefor. The gas discharge tube comprises a first insulating tube body, two electrodes, and two connecting members. The two electrodes are respectively disposed at either end of the first insulating tube body, and define a discharge cavity together with the first insulating tube body, and the surfaces of the two electrodes facing the discharge cavity form discharge surfaces; each connecting member is sandwiched between the corresponding electrode and the first insulating tube body, and is used for sealingly connecting the corresponding electrode to the first insulating tube body, the two connecting members are each provided with a high-temperature connecting portion, and at least one of the two connecting members is further provided with a low-temperature connecting portion; the low-temperature connecting portion and the high-temperature connecting portion are connected end to end to form a ring, and the melting point of the low-temperature connecting portion is lower than that of the high-temperature connecting portion. The gas discharge tube provided by the present application has high ability to interrupt power frequency follow current, and the electrodes will not be disconnected from the first insulating tube body, so that the overall safety of the gas discharge tube is high.

Description

过电压保护装置、气体放电管及其制备方法Overvoltage protection device, gas discharge tube and preparation method thereof
本申请要求于2021年09月14日在中国专利局提交的、申请号为202111083787.9的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application claims priority to a Chinese patent application with application number 202111083787.9 filed at the China Patent Office on September 14, 2021, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
技术领域technical field
本申请涉及过电压保护设备技术领域，特指过电压保护装置、主动切除故障式气体放电管及其制备方法。The application relates to the technical field of overvoltage protection equipment, in particular to an overvoltage protection device, a gas discharge tube for actively removing faults and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
气体放电管通常作为过电压保护器件使用，目前使用的气体放电管一般包括绝缘管体和两电极，两电极密封连接于绝缘管体的两端并绝缘管体合围形成用于充注惰性气体的放电腔。当气体放电管电极两端的电压超过惰性气体的击穿电压时，就会引起间隙放电，使气体放电管迅速的由高阻态变为低阻态，将雷电流或过电压泄放入地，从而保护与气体放电管并联的其他器件。The gas discharge tube is usually used as an overvoltage protection device. The gas discharge tube currently used generally includes an insulating tube body and two electrodes. Discharge cavity. When the voltage at both ends of the electrodes of the gas discharge tube exceeds the breakdown voltage of the inert gas, gap discharge will be caused, so that the gas discharge tube will quickly change from a high-resistance state to a low-resistance state, and the lightning current or overvoltage will be released to the ground. Thereby protecting other devices connected in parallel with the gas discharge tube.
当气体放电管在工作时短路电流过大时，其工频续流很大，放电管内的工频续流很难遮断或熄灭，此时放电管内的工频短路电弧一直燃烧，形成短路。被保护设备不能够正常运行，且持续燃烧会造成放电管***，***产物的高速溅射也会对设备产生损坏。因此，现有的气体放电管存在安全性能低的技术问题。When the short-circuit current of the gas discharge tube is too large when it is working, its power-frequency freewheeling current is very large, and it is difficult to block or extinguish the power-frequency freewheeling current in the discharge tube. At this time, the power-frequency short-circuit arc in the discharge tube keeps burning, forming a short circuit. The protected equipment cannot operate normally, and the continuous combustion will cause the discharge tube to explode, and the high-speed sputtering of the explosion products will also cause damage to the equipment. Therefore, the existing gas discharge tube has the technical problem of low safety performance.
技术问题technical problem
本申请实施例的目的在于提供一种过电压保护装置、主动切除故障式气体放电管及其制备方法，以解决现有技术中存在的气体放电管的安全性能低的技术问题。The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an overvoltage protection device, a gas discharge tube for actively cutting off faults and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the technical problem of low safety performance of the gas discharge tube in the prior art.
技术解决方案technical solution
为实现上述目的，本申请采用的技术方案是：提供一种主动切除故障式气体放电管，所述主动切除故障式气体放电管包括：In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted in this application is to provide a gas discharge tube that actively removes faults, and the active fault removal gas discharge tube includes:
第一绝缘管体；the first insulating tube;
两电极，两所述电极分别设置于所述第一绝缘管体的两端，并与所述第一绝缘管体合围形成放电腔，两所述电极朝向所述放电腔的表面形成放电面；以及Two electrodes, the two electrodes are respectively arranged at both ends of the first insulating tube, and form a discharge cavity surrounded by the first insulating tube, and the two electrodes face the surface of the discharge cavity to form a discharge surface; as well as
两连接件，各所述连接件夹设于对应的所述电极和所述第一绝缘管体之间，用于将对应的所述电极密封连接至所述第一绝缘管体，两所述连接件均设有高温连接部，且两所述连接件中的至少一所述连接件还设有低温连接部，所述低温连接部与对应的所述高温连接部首尾相连呈环形，所述低温连接部的熔点低于所述高温连接部的熔点。two connecting pieces, each of which is sandwiched between the corresponding electrode and the first insulating tube, and is used for sealingly connecting the corresponding electrode to the first insulating tube, and the two connecting pieces The connectors are all provided with a high-temperature connection part, and at least one of the two connectors is also provided with a low-temperature connection part, and the low-temperature connection part is connected end to end with the corresponding high-temperature connection part in a ring shape, and the The melting point of the low temperature connection is lower than the melting point of the high temperature connection.
在其中一个实施例中，所述低温连接部为低温焊料、低温粘合剂或者硅胶中的其中一种或多种的结合。In one embodiment, the low-temperature connection part is a combination of one or more of low-temperature solder, low-temperature adhesive, or silicone.
在其中一个实施例中，所述高温连接部为高温焊料。In one embodiment, the high temperature connection part is high temperature solder.
在其中一个实施例中，所述电极的所述放电面为平面或凸面。In one of the embodiments, the discharge surface of the electrode is flat or convex.
在其中一个实施例中，所述主动切除故障式气体放电管还包括第二绝缘管体，所述第二绝缘管体套设于所述第一绝缘管体外周并与所述第一绝缘管体间隔设置，且所述第二绝缘管体的两端分别与两所述电极密封连接，所述第二绝缘管体与所述第一绝缘管体及两所述电极合围形成气体容置腔。In one of the embodiments, the active cut-off fault type gas discharge tube further includes a second insulating tube body, and the second insulating tube body is sleeved on the periphery of the first insulating tube body and connected to the first insulating tube body. The two ends of the second insulating tube are arranged at intervals, and the two ends of the second insulating tube are respectively sealed and connected to the two electrodes, and the second insulating tube is surrounded by the first insulating tube and the two electrodes to form a gas storage chamber. .
在其中一个实施例中，所述气体容置腔用于容置惰性气体和/或空气。In one of the embodiments, the gas containing cavity is used for containing inert gas and/or air.
在其中一个实施例中，所述电极由导电材料一体成型设置；In one of the embodiments, the electrodes are integrally formed of conductive materials;
或者，所述电极包括相连接的导电部和绝缘部，所述导电部盖合于所述第一绝缘管体的端部并用于与所述第一绝缘管体合围形成所述放电腔，所述绝缘部环绕于所述导电部的外周设置，并用于与所述第一绝缘管体和所述第二绝缘管体合围形成所述气体容置腔。Alternatively, the electrode includes a connected conductive part and an insulating part, the conductive part covers the end of the first insulating tube and is used to surround the first insulating tube to form the discharge cavity, so The insulating part is arranged around the outer periphery of the conductive part, and is used to surround the first insulating pipe body and the second insulating pipe body to form the gas accommodating cavity.
为实现上述目的，本申请还提供一种过电压保护装置，所述过电压保护装置包括上述主动切除故障式气体放电管。In order to achieve the above object, the present application also provides an overvoltage protection device, which includes the above-mentioned active cut-off fault type gas discharge tube.
为实现上述目的，本申请还提供一种主动切除故障式气体放电管的制备方法，所述方法用于制备上述主动切除故障式气体放电管，所述方法包括：In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application also provides a preparation method for actively cutting off a faulty gas discharge tube, the method is used to prepare the above-mentioned active cutting off faulty gas discharge tube, and the method includes:
准备材料：准备两所述电极、两所述连接件和所述第一绝缘管体，其中，两所述电极的放电面涂覆有电子发射材料，两所述连接件均包括高温连接部，且两所述连接件中至少一所述连接件包括高温连接部和低温连接部，所述高温连接部的熔点高于所述低温连接部的熔点；Preparation materials: prepare two electrodes, two connectors and the first insulating tube, wherein the discharge surfaces of the two electrodes are coated with electron emission materials, and both connectors include high-temperature connectors, And at least one of the two connecting parts includes a high-temperature connecting part and a low-temperature connecting part, and the melting point of the high-temperature connecting part is higher than the melting point of the low-temperature connecting part;
装配：将两所述电极分别设置于所述第一绝缘管体的两端，并将各所述连接件夹设于对应的所述电极和所述第一绝缘管体之间；Assembling: setting the two electrodes respectively at both ends of the first insulating tube, and sandwiching each of the connectors between the corresponding electrodes and the first insulating tube;
焊接：在惰性气体环境中，采用焊接炉，使各所述连接件熔化后将对应的所述电极与所述第一绝缘管体固定连接。Welding: In an inert gas environment, use a welding furnace to melt each of the connectors and then fixedly connect the corresponding electrodes to the first insulating pipe body.
在其中一个实施例中，准备两所述连接件的步骤包括：In one of the embodiments, the step of preparing the two connectors includes:
准备环形的高温连接部，并在环形的高温连接部的表面的预定范围内通过气相沉积的方式形成所述低温连接部；preparing an annular high-temperature connecting portion, and forming the low-temperature connecting portion by vapor deposition within a predetermined range on the surface of the annular high-temperature connecting portion;
或者，分段浇铸所述高温连接部和所述低温连接部，形成所述连接件。Alternatively, the high-temperature connection part and the low-temperature connection part are casted in sections to form the connection piece.
在其中一个实施例中，所述的主动切除故障式气体放电管的制备方法在所述准备材料步骤中还包括准备第二绝缘管体；In one of the embodiments, the method for actively cutting off a faulty gas discharge tube further includes preparing a second insulating tube in the step of preparing materials;
在所述装配步骤中还包括将所述第二绝缘管体套设于所述第一绝缘管体的外周并与所述第一绝缘管体间隔设置；In the assembling step, it is also included that the second insulating pipe body is sheathed on the outer periphery of the first insulating pipe body and spaced apart from the first insulating pipe body;
在所述焊接步骤之后，还包括在惰性气体环境或者空气环境中，在两所述电极和第二绝缘管体的接口处涂覆耐高温密封胶层，使所述第二绝缘管体的两端分别与两所述电极密封连接。After the welding step, it also includes applying a high temperature resistant sealant layer at the interface between the two electrodes and the second insulating pipe body in an inert gas environment or an air environment, so that the two ends of the second insulating pipe body The terminals are respectively sealed and connected to the two electrodes.
有益效果Beneficial effect
本申请提供的主动切除故障式气体放电管的有益效果在于：与现有技术相比，本申请提供的主动切除故障式气体放电管，通过设置同时具有低温连接部和高温连接部的连接件，在雷电流或过电压过大，导致气体放电管内的工频续流过大或持续时间过长的情况下，放电腔内的温度逐渐升高至低温连接部的熔点时，低温连接部熔化，在第一绝缘管体的端部形成开口，放电腔内外能够进行气体交换，从而遮断工频续流，避免气体放电管发生***，提升气体放电管的安全性能；并且，由于连接件中高温连接部的熔点高度低温连接部的熔点，在放电腔内的温度达到低温连接部的熔点后，高温连接部依然不会熔化，连接件不会产生过多的熔融液滴，可以避免熔融液滴溅射至第一绝缘管体内在第一绝缘管体内产生短路现象，提升气体放电管的安全性能，且由于高温连接部能够使两电极与第一绝缘管体保持连接，还可避免电极从第一绝缘管体上崩落而对外部人员或设备造成冲击，进一步提升气体放电管的安全性能。The beneficial effect of the active cut-off fault type gas discharge tube provided by the present application is that compared with the prior art, the active cut off fault type gas discharge tube provided by the present application has a connecting piece with both a low-temperature connection part and a high-temperature connection part, When the lightning current or overvoltage is too large, resulting in too large or too long power frequency continuous flow in the gas discharge tube, when the temperature in the discharge chamber gradually rises to the melting point of the low-temperature connection, the low-temperature connection will melt. An opening is formed at the end of the first insulating tube body, and gas exchange can be carried out inside and outside the discharge chamber, thereby blocking the continuous flow of power frequency, avoiding the explosion of the gas discharge tube, and improving the safety performance of the gas discharge tube; and, due to the high temperature connection in the connector The melting point of the part is higher than the melting point of the low-temperature connection part. After the temperature in the discharge chamber reaches the melting point of the low-temperature connection part, the high-temperature connection part will still not melt, and the connection will not produce too many molten droplets, which can avoid splashing of molten droplets. Injection into the first insulating tube produces a short-circuit phenomenon in the first insulating tube, which improves the safety performance of the gas discharge tube, and because the high-temperature connection can keep the two electrodes connected to the first insulating tube, it can also prevent the electrodes from being connected to the first insulating tube. The collapse of the insulating tube body will cause impact to external personnel or equipment, further improving the safety performance of the gas discharge tube.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the descriptions of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only for the present application For some embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without paying creative efforts.
图1为本申请实施例提供的主动切除故障式气体放电管的结构示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an actively removing faulty gas discharge tube provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图2为本申请实施例提供的主动切除故障式气体放电管的***结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the active removal of the faulty gas discharge tube provided by the embodiment of the present application;
图3为本申请实施例提供的主动切除故障式气体放电管的俯视结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a top view structural schematic diagram of the active removal fault type gas discharge tube provided by the embodiment of the present application;
图4为图3所示的主动切除故障式气体放电管的A-A向剖视图；Fig. 4 is an A-A sectional view of the active removal fault type gas discharge tube shown in Fig. 3;
图5为本申请实施例提供的气体放电管进行故障响应特性试验的试验原理图；Fig. 5 is the experimental schematic diagram of the fault response characteristic test of the gas discharge tube provided by the embodiment of the present application;
图6为本申请实施例提供的气体放电管进行故障响应特性试验时采样电阻的电压波形图。Fig. 6 is a voltage waveform diagram of the sampling resistor when the gas discharge tube provided in the embodiment of the present application is subjected to a fault response characteristic test.
其中，图中各附图标记：Wherein, each reference sign in the figure:
100-第一绝缘管体；200-电极；210-放电面；300-连接件；310-高温连接部；320-低温连接部；400-放电腔；500-第二绝缘管体；600-气体容置腔；700-耐高温密封胶层。100-first insulating tube; 200-electrode; 210-discharge surface; 300-connector; 310-high temperature connection; 320-low temperature connection; 400-discharge chamber; 500-second insulating tube; 600-gas Accommodating cavity; 700-high temperature resistant sealant layer.
本发明的实施方式Embodiments of the present invention
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary, and are intended to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“长度”、“宽度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, rather than Nothing to indicate or imply that a referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed, and operate in a particular orientation should therefore not be construed as limiting the application.
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.
在整个说明书中参考“一个实施例”或“实施例”意味着结合实施例描述的特定特征，结构或特性包括在本申请的至少一个实施例中。因此，“在一个实施例中”或“在一些实施例中”的短语出现在整个说明书的各个地方，并非所有的指代都是相同的实施例。此外，在一个或多个实施例中，可以以任何合适的方式组合特定的特征，结构或特性。Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Thus, the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in some embodiments" appear in various places throughout the specification, not all referring to the same embodiments. Furthermore, the particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
请参阅图1和图2，现对本申请实施例提供的主动切除故障式气体放电管进行说明。该主动切除故障式气体放电管包括第一绝缘管体100、两电极200和两连接件300。其中，两电极200分别设置于第一绝缘管体100的两端，并与第一绝缘管体100合围形成放电腔400，两电极200朝向放电腔400的表面形成放电面210；各连接件300夹设于对应的电极200和第一绝缘管体100之间，用于将对应的电极200密封连接至第一绝缘管体100，两连接件300均设有高温连接部310，且两连接件300中的至少一连接件300还设有低温连接部320，低温连接部320与对应的高温连接部310首尾相连呈环形，低温连接部320的熔点低于高温连接部310的熔点。Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the active cut-off fault type gas discharge tube provided by the embodiment of the present application will now be described. The actively cut off fault type gas discharge tube includes a first insulating tube body 100 , two electrodes 200 and two connecting pieces 300 . Wherein, the two electrodes 200 are respectively arranged at both ends of the first insulating tube body 100, and are surrounded by the first insulating tube body 100 to form a discharge chamber 400, and the surface of the two electrodes 200 facing the discharge chamber 400 forms a discharge surface 210; each connector 300 It is sandwiched between the corresponding electrode 200 and the first insulating tube body 100, and is used to seal the corresponding electrode 200 to the first insulating tube body 100. Both connecting parts 300 are provided with high-temperature connecting parts 310, and the two connecting parts At least one connector 300 in 300 is also provided with a low-temperature connection part 320 , which is connected end-to-end with the corresponding high-temperature connection part 310 in a ring shape. The melting point of the low-temperature connection part 320 is lower than that of the high-temperature connection part 310 .
具体地，气体放电管可以为二极管、三极管或者多极管，可以根据需要进行设置，在此不作唯一限定。Specifically, the gas discharge tube may be a diode, a triode or a multi-electrode, which may be set as required, and is not limited herein.
具体地，第一绝缘管体100可以陶瓷管体、玻璃管体或其他适合制作气体放电管的管体，可以根据需要进行设置，在此不作唯一限定。Specifically, the first insulating tube body 100 can be a ceramic tube body, a glass tube body or other tube bodies suitable for making a gas discharge tube, and can be arranged according to needs, which is not limited herein.
具体地，电极200靠近第一绝缘管体100一侧的表面的面积大于第一绝缘管体100的端面面积，第一绝缘管体100的一端连接于其中一个电极200靠近第一绝缘管体100一侧的表面的中部，第一绝缘管体100的另一端连接于另一个电极200靠近第一绝缘管体100一侧的表面的中部。Specifically, the area of the surface of the electrode 200 near the first insulating tube 100 is greater than the area of the end surface of the first insulating tube 100, and one end of the first insulating tube 100 is connected to one of the electrodes 200 near the first insulating tube 100. In the middle of the surface on one side, the other end of the first insulating tube 100 is connected to the middle of the surface of the other electrode 200 close to the first insulating tube 100 .
具体地，两连接件300可以均设有低温连接部320，这样，气体放电管的放电腔400内部温度达到低温连接部320的熔点时，气体放电管的两端均会出现由于低温连接部320熔化而形成的开口，便于放电腔400内外的气体快速交换，从而更加及时地切断工频续流，安全性能好。当然，两连接件300也可以设置为，其中一个连接件300同时设有低温连接部320和高温连接部310，另一个连接件300仅设有高温连接部310，可以减少同时设有高温连接部310和低温连接部320的连接件300的使用量，降低制造成本，提高制造效率。Specifically, the two connectors 300 can both be provided with a low-temperature connection portion 320, so that when the internal temperature of the discharge chamber 400 of the gas discharge tube reaches the melting point of the low-temperature connection portion 320, both ends of the gas discharge tube will appear due to the low-temperature connection portion 320. The opening formed by melting facilitates the quick exchange of gas inside and outside the discharge chamber 400, thereby cutting off the power frequency freewheeling flow in a timely manner, with good safety performance. Of course, the two connectors 300 can also be arranged such that one of the connectors 300 is provided with a low-temperature connector 320 and a high-temperature connector 310 at the same time, and the other connector 300 is only provided with a high-temperature connector 310, which can reduce the risk of being provided with a high-temperature connector. 310 and the low-temperature connection part 320, the usage of the connector 300 reduces the manufacturing cost and improves the manufacturing efficiency.
并且，设有低温连接部320的连接件300中，低温连接部320的数量可以是一个、两个等，高温连接部310的数量也可以是一个、两个等。比如，设有低温连接部320的连接件300可以包括一个低温连接部320和一个高温连接部310，该低温连接部320和高温连接部310首尾相连成环形。再比如，设有低温连接部320的连接件300可以包括两个低温连接部320和两个高温连接部310，两个低温连接部320和两个高温连接部310交替地首尾相连成环形。在低温连接部320熔化时，能够在放电腔400的不同位置形成开口。Moreover, in the connector 300 provided with the low-temperature connection part 320, the number of the low-temperature connection part 320 may be one, two, etc., and the number of the high-temperature connection part 310 may also be one, two, etc. For example, the connector 300 provided with the low temperature connection part 320 may include a low temperature connection part 320 and a high temperature connection part 310, and the low temperature connection part 320 and the high temperature connection part 310 are connected end to end to form a ring. For another example, the connector 300 provided with the low-temperature connection part 320 may include two low-temperature connection parts 320 and two high-temperature connection parts 310, and the two low-temperature connection parts 320 and the two high-temperature connection parts 310 are alternately connected end to end to form a ring. When the low-temperature connection part 320 melts, openings can be formed at different positions of the discharge chamber 400 .
需要说明的是，低温连接部320的熔点和高温连接部310的熔点均可以根据气体放电管的通流容量、冲击击穿电压等进行选择，在此不作唯一限定。It should be noted that the melting point of the low-temperature connecting portion 320 and the melting point of the high-temperature connecting portion 310 can be selected according to the flow capacity and impact breakdown voltage of the gas discharge tube, and there is no unique limitation here.
一般地，高温连接部310是指熔点为700℃及大于700℃的连接部，高温即700℃及大于700℃的温度。低温是相对该高温而言的较低的温度，为400℃及低于400℃的温度。低温连接部320是指熔点小于或等于400℃的连接部。优选的，低温为介于300℃和400℃之间的温度。低温连接部320是指熔点介于300℃和400℃之间的连接部。Generally, the high temperature connection portion 310 refers to a connection portion with a melting point of 700° C. and greater than 700° C., and high temperature refers to a temperature of 700° C. and greater than 700° C. The low temperature is a lower temperature than the high temperature, and is a temperature of 400°C or lower. The low-temperature connection part 320 refers to a connection part with a melting point less than or equal to 400°C. Preferably, the low temperature is a temperature between 300°C and 400°C. The low temperature connection part 320 refers to a connection part with a melting point between 300°C and 400°C.
本实施例提供的主动切除故障式气体放电管的有益效果在于：与现有技术相比，本实施例提供的主动切除故障式气体放电管，不仅能够泄放雷电流或过电压，对与气体放电管并联的其他器件具有保护作用；而且在雷电流或过电压过大，导致气体放电管内的工频续流过大或持续时间过长的情况下，放电腔400内的温度逐渐升高至低温连接部320的熔点时，连接件300的低温连接部320会逐渐熔化，在第一绝缘管体100的端部形成开口，使放电腔400内外能够进行气体交换，从而遮断工频续流，避免气体放电管发生***，提升气体放电管的安全性能；并且，由于连接件300中高温连接部310的熔点高于低温连接部320的熔点，在放电腔400内的温度达到低温连接部320的熔点后，高温连接部310依然不会熔化，连接件300不会产生过多的熔融液滴，可以避免熔融液滴溅射至第一绝缘管体100内在第一绝缘管体100内产生短路现象，提升气体放电管的安全性能，且由于高温连接部310依然能够使两电极200与第一绝缘管体100保持连接，还可避免电极200从第一绝缘管体100上崩落而对外部人员或设备造成冲击，进一步提升气体放电管的安全性能。The beneficial effect of the active cut off fault type gas discharge tube provided by this embodiment is that compared with the prior art, the active cut off fault type gas discharge tube provided by this embodiment can not only discharge lightning current or overvoltage, Other devices connected in parallel to the discharge tube have a protective effect; and when the lightning current or overvoltage is too large, resulting in too large power-frequency continuous flow or too long duration of the gas discharge tube, the temperature in the discharge chamber 400 gradually rises to When the melting point of the low-temperature connecting portion 320 is reached, the low-temperature connecting portion 320 of the connector 300 will gradually melt, forming an opening at the end of the first insulating tube body 100, enabling gas exchange between the inside and outside of the discharge chamber 400, thereby blocking the power frequency freewheeling flow, Avoid the explosion of the gas discharge tube and improve the safety performance of the gas discharge tube; and, because the melting point of the high temperature connection part 310 in the connector 300 is higher than the melting point of the low temperature connection part 320, the temperature in the discharge chamber 400 reaches the temperature of the low temperature connection part 320. After the melting point, the high-temperature connection part 310 will still not melt, and the connector 300 will not produce too many molten droplets, which can prevent the molten droplets from splashing into the first insulating tube body 100 and causing a short circuit in the first insulating tube body 100 , improve the safety performance of the gas discharge tube, and because the high-temperature connection part 310 can still keep the two electrodes 200 connected to the first insulating tube body 100, it can also prevent the electrodes 200 from collapsing from the first insulating tube body 100 and causing damage to outside personnel or The impact caused by the equipment further improves the safety performance of the gas discharge tube.
另外，相比于使用仅设有低温连接部320的连接件300，本实施例采用的同时设有低温连接部320和高温连接部310的连接件300，在放电腔400的温度升高至低温连接部320的熔点时，高温连接部310吸收的热量仅用于增加高温连接部310的温度，不发生相变，而低温连接部320吸收的热量，用于改变相态以及增加温度，相比于高温连接部310，低温连接部320温度上升更缓慢，放电腔400的热量会更容易传导至与放电腔内的温度相比温差更大的低温连接部320，从而加速低温连接部320的熔化，使得气体放电管能更加快速地切断工频续流，灵敏度高。且仅设有低温连接部320的连接件300，其低温连接部320用料多且覆盖面积广，在低温连接部320融化时，会形成大量的熔融液滴，极易溅射至第一绝缘管体100内部形成短路，甚至导致两电极200熔化，影响气体放电管的故障失效响应特性。In addition, compared to using the connecting piece 300 with only the low-temperature connecting portion 320, the connecting piece 300 provided with the low-temperature connecting portion 320 and the high-temperature connecting portion 310 in this embodiment increases the temperature in the discharge chamber 400 to a low temperature. At the melting point of the connection part 320, the heat absorbed by the high temperature connection part 310 is only used to increase the temperature of the high temperature connection part 310, and no phase change occurs, while the heat absorbed by the low temperature connection part 320 is used to change the phase state and increase the temperature. In the high-temperature connection part 310, the temperature of the low-temperature connection part 320 rises more slowly, and the heat of the discharge chamber 400 will be more easily conducted to the low-temperature connection part 320 with a larger temperature difference than the temperature in the discharge chamber, thereby accelerating the melting of the low-temperature connection part 320 , so that the gas discharge tube can cut off the power frequency freewheeling more quickly, with high sensitivity. And the connector 300 with only the low-temperature connection part 320 uses a lot of materials and covers a wide area. When the low-temperature connection part 320 melts, a large number of molten droplets will be formed, which are very easy to sputter to the first insulating layer. A short circuit is formed inside the tube body 100, which even causes the two electrodes 200 to melt, which affects the failure response characteristics of the gas discharge tube.
其次，相比于使用仅设有低温连接部320的连接件300，本实施例提供采用的同时设有低温连接部320和高温连接部310的连接件300，可以通过卡槽式的安装方式安装在电路板等器件上，安装时，可以依据第一绝缘管体100上的高温连接部310和低温连接部320的标记，或通过其他方式，使高温连接部310位于在卡槽底部，低温连接部320位于卡槽顶部，这样，通过高温连接部310直接接触电路板等器件，可避免低温连接部320受热熔化时，损伤电路板等其他器件而造成的过电压保护装置失效。Secondly, compared to using the connector 300 with only the low-temperature connector 320, this embodiment provides the connector 300 with the low-temperature connector 320 and the high-temperature connector 310 at the same time, which can be installed by a slot-type installation method. On components such as circuit boards, when installing, the high temperature connection part 310 can be located at the bottom of the card slot according to the marks of the high temperature connection part 310 and the low temperature connection part 320 on the first insulating tube body 100, or by other means, and the low temperature connection The portion 320 is located at the top of the slot, so that the high-temperature connection portion 310 directly contacts components such as circuit boards, thereby avoiding failure of the overvoltage protection device caused by damage to other components such as circuit boards when the low-temperature connection portion 320 is heated and melted.
再次，相比于使用仅设有低温连接部320的连接件300，本实施例提供采用的同时具有低温连接部320和高温连接部310的连接件300，可以通过调整低温连接部320与高温连接部310的面积、体积等的比值，来适应不同的通流容量的气体放电管，使各种型号的气体放电管既具有合适的过电压保护能力又具有较强的遮断工频续流的能力，使产品具有极大的推广应用价值。Again, compared to using the connector 300 with only the low-temperature connector 320, this embodiment provides the connector 300 with both the low-temperature connector 320 and the high-temperature connector 310, which can be connected to the high temperature by adjusting the low-temperature connector 320. The ratio of the area and volume of the part 310 is used to adapt to gas discharge tubes with different flow capacities, so that various types of gas discharge tubes have both suitable overvoltage protection capabilities and strong ability to interrupt power frequency freewheeling. , so that the product has great promotion and application value.
在本申请另一个实施例中，低温连接部320为低温焊料、低温粘合剂或者硅胶中的其中一种或多种的结合。In another embodiment of the present application, the low-temperature connection portion 320 is a combination of one or more of low-temperature solder, low-temperature adhesive, or silicone.
具体地，低温连接部320在连接件300安装于对应的电极200和第一绝缘管体100之间时，低温连接部320的一面朝向放电腔400内部，另一面朝向放电腔400的外部，在放电腔400内的温度高于底部连接部的熔点时，低温连接部320吸热熔化、变形或者软化，可使放电腔400密封失效。低温焊料可以采用熔点为400℃的锡锑铅合金焊料、熔点为327℃的铅焊料、熔点为420℃的锌焊料等，低温焊料的熔点还可以是227℃、199℃、382℃等，不作唯一限定。低温粘合剂还可以采用有机胶水。Specifically, when the low-temperature connection part 320 is installed between the corresponding electrode 200 and the first insulating tube 100, one side of the low-temperature connection part 320 faces the inside of the discharge chamber 400, and the other side faces the outside of the discharge chamber 400. When the temperature inside the discharge chamber 400 is higher than the melting point of the bottom connection part, the low-temperature connection part 320 absorbs heat and melts, deforms or softens, which may cause the discharge chamber 400 to fail to seal. The low-temperature solder can be tin-antimony-lead alloy solder with a melting point of 400°C, lead solder with a melting point of 327°C, zinc solder with a melting point of 420°C, etc. The melting point of low-temperature solder can also be 227°C, 199°C, 382°C, etc. Uniquely limited. Low-temperature adhesives can also use organic glues.
采用上述结构的气体放电管，其低温连接部320在放电腔400的温度高于熔点温度时，会融化而使放电腔400密封失效，放电腔400内外能够进行气体交换，进而能够切断工频续流。In the gas discharge tube with the above structure, when the temperature of the discharge chamber 400 is higher than the melting point, the low-temperature connection part 320 will melt and cause the discharge chamber 400 to fail to seal. flow.
在本申请另一个实施例中，高温连接部310为高温焊料。高温焊料在放电腔400的温度高于低温连接部320的熔点温度时，可使对应的电极200和第一绝缘管体100保持连接，避免电极200崩落而对外部人员或设备造成伤害。In another embodiment of the present application, the high temperature connection part 310 is high temperature solder. When the temperature of the discharge chamber 400 is higher than the melting point of the low-temperature connection part 320, the high-temperature solder can keep the corresponding electrode 200 connected to the first insulating tube 100, preventing the electrode 200 from collapsing and causing damage to external personnel or equipment.
具体地，高温焊料的熔点温度可以为700℃、720℃、730℃、740℃、760℃、770℃、780℃、790℃、800℃等，在此不作唯一限定。Specifically, the melting point of the high-temperature solder may be 700°C, 720°C, 730°C, 740°C, 760°C, 770°C, 780°C, 790°C, 800°C, etc., which is not limited herein.
可选的，高温焊料为铜银合金焊料。Optionally, the high-temperature solder is copper-silver alloy solder.
在本申请另一个实施例中，设有低温连接部320的连接件300包括至少两个低温连接部320和至少两个高温连接部310，至少两个低温连接部320和至少两个高温连接部310交替地连接形成环形。这样，在低温连接部320熔化时，能够在放电腔400的不同位置形成开口，可避免仅设置单个低温连接部320时，需要确保该低温连接部320在气体放电管的外部不被其他结构遮挡，而对气体放电管安装方式、方位产生限制，增加气体放电管的安装难度。In another embodiment of the present application, the connector 300 provided with the low temperature connector 320 includes at least two low temperature connectors 320 and at least two high temperature connectors 310, at least two low temperature connectors 320 and at least two high temperature connectors 310 are alternately connected to form a ring. In this way, when the low-temperature connection part 320 is melted, openings can be formed at different positions of the discharge chamber 400, which can avoid the need to ensure that the low-temperature connection part 320 is not blocked by other structures outside the gas discharge tube when only a single low-temperature connection part 320 is provided. , and the installation method and orientation of the gas discharge tube are restricted, which increases the difficulty of installing the gas discharge tube.
在本申请另一个实施例中，请参阅图2，电极200的放电面210为凸面，能够使得两电极200的中部，即两电极200距离更短的部位发生间隙放电，避免损伤第一绝缘管体100。In another embodiment of the present application, please refer to FIG. 2 , the discharge surface 210 of the electrode 200 is a convex surface, which can make gap discharge occur in the middle of the two electrodes 200, that is, the part where the distance between the two electrodes 200 is shorter, and avoid damage to the first insulating tube. Body 100.
在本申请另一个实施例中，电极200的放电面210为平面（图未示出，图中所示电极200的放电面210为凸面）。相比于放电面210为凸面的电极200，放电面210为平面的电极200，在放电面210出现放电时，产生的热量直接经过平面传导致外周的连接件300上，热量传导的距离更短，低温连接部320熔化速度快，放电腔400端部更快地出现开口，进而能够更快地遮断工频续流，保证气体放电管的安全性。In another embodiment of the present application, the discharge surface 210 of the electrode 200 is a plane (not shown in the figure, the discharge surface 210 of the electrode 200 shown in the figure is a convex surface). Compared with the electrode 200 whose discharge surface 210 is convex, the electrode 200 whose discharge surface 210 is planar, when discharge occurs on the discharge surface 210, the heat generated is directly transferred to the outer peripheral connector 300 through the plane, and the heat conduction distance is shorter , the melting speed of the low-temperature connection part 320 is fast, and the end of the discharge chamber 400 opens more quickly, so that the power frequency freewheeling flow can be interrupted faster, and the safety of the gas discharge tube can be ensured.
在本申请另一个实施例中，请参阅图1、图2和图4，主动切除故障式气体放电管还包括第二绝缘管体500，第二绝缘管体500套设于第一绝缘管体100外周并与第一绝缘管体100间隔设置，且第二绝缘管体500的两端分别与两电极200密封连接，第二绝缘管体500与第一绝缘管体100及两电极200合围形成气体容置腔600。In another embodiment of the present application, please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, the gas discharge tube of the active cut-off fault type further includes a second insulating tube body 500, and the second insulating tube body 500 is sleeved on the first insulating tube body 100 and is spaced apart from the first insulating tube body 100, and the two ends of the second insulating tube body 500 are respectively sealed and connected to the two electrodes 200, and the second insulating tube body 500 is surrounded by the first insulating tube body 100 and the two electrodes 200 to form Gas containing chamber 600 .
具体地，第二绝缘管体500可以为陶瓷管体、玻璃管体等，可以根据需要进行设置，在此不作唯一限定。Specifically, the second insulating tube body 500 can be a ceramic tube body, a glass tube body, etc., and can be set according to needs, which is not limited herein.
气体放电管在使用时，通常会在外部进行灌胶处理，以增加设备的防潮、防尘、绝缘、密封等性能。本实施例提供的气体放电管，通过设置第二绝缘管体500，在放电腔400的外周形成气体容置腔600，使放电腔400内的惰性气体在被灌胶封包裹，不能与外部空气进行气体交换的情况下，依然能够通过与气体容置腔600内的气体进行交换，实现工频续流的遮断，使气体放电管的应用范围更加广泛。When the gas discharge tube is in use, it is usually filled with glue on the outside to increase the performance of the equipment such as moisture-proof, dust-proof, insulation, and sealing. In the gas discharge tube provided in this embodiment, the gas accommodating chamber 600 is formed on the outer periphery of the discharge chamber 400 by setting the second insulating tube body 500, so that the inert gas in the discharge chamber 400 is encapsulated by potting glue and cannot be separated from the outside air. In the case of gas exchange, the interruption of power frequency freewheeling can still be achieved by exchanging with the gas in the gas accommodating chamber 600 , so that the application range of the gas discharge tube is wider.
并且设有第二绝缘管体500的气体放电管，其电极200依然保持在外部，电极200可以直接通过引线连接至电路板等结构，避免将电极200设置在气体放电管的内部，而需要气体放电管的外壳等结构进行开孔处理，简化了气体放电管的零部件的制造工艺。And the gas discharge tube provided with the second insulating tube body 500, its electrode 200 is still kept outside, the electrode 200 can be directly connected to structures such as circuit boards through lead wires, avoiding that the electrode 200 is arranged inside the gas discharge tube, and requires gas The shell and other structures of the discharge tube are perforated, which simplifies the manufacturing process of the components of the gas discharge tube.
可选的，第二绝缘管体500和对应的电极200之间设有耐高温密封胶层700，耐高温密封胶层700用于将对应的电极200连接至第二绝缘管体500。耐高温密封胶层700在受热时不易变形或熔化，保证第二绝缘管体500和电极200连接的可靠性。Optionally, a high temperature resistant sealant layer 700 is provided between the second insulating pipe body 500 and the corresponding electrode 200 , and the high temperature resistant sealant layer 700 is used to connect the corresponding electrode 200 to the second insulating pipe body 500 . The high temperature resistant sealant layer 700 is not easily deformed or melted when heated, which ensures the reliability of the connection between the second insulating pipe body 500 and the electrode 200 .
在本申请另一个实施例中，请参阅图3和图4，气体容置腔600用于容置惰性气体和/或空气。In another embodiment of the present application, please refer to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the gas accommodating chamber 600 is used for accommodating inert gas and/or air.
具体地，气体容置腔600内的气体可以是空气、氩气、氖气等，可以根据需要进行设置。Specifically, the gas in the gas containing chamber 600 may be air, argon, neon, etc., and may be set as required.
需要说明的是，气体容置腔600内的气体主要用于与放电腔400内的惰性气体进行气体交换，以遮断放电腔400内的工频续流，所以我们并不希望气体容置腔600内的气体被击穿，而需要气体容置腔600内的气体具有较高的绝缘强度，由于在气体容置腔600内的气体的种类、两电极200之间的间隙宽度等因素确定时，气体的击穿压力随着气体压强的增大，先减小后增大，所以可以通过设置气体放电管内的气体种类的气体压强的大小，来避免施加在两电极200上的过电压击穿气体容置腔600内的气体，气体种类和气体压强的大小在此不作唯一限定。It should be noted that the gas in the gas storage chamber 600 is mainly used for gas exchange with the inert gas in the discharge chamber 400, so as to block the power frequency freewheeling flow in the discharge chamber 400, so we do not want the gas storage chamber 600 The gas in the gas storage chamber is broken down, and the gas in the gas storage chamber 600 needs to have a high dielectric strength. When the gas type in the gas storage chamber 600, the gap width between the two electrodes 200 and other factors are determined, The breakdown pressure of the gas first decreases and then increases with the increase of the gas pressure, so the gas pressure of the gas type in the gas discharge tube can be set to avoid the overvoltage applied to the two electrodes 200 from breaking down the gas The gas in the accommodating cavity 600, the gas type and the gas pressure are not limited here.
可选的，气体容置腔600内可以充注高压空气、负压空气、高压惰性气体等，提高气体绝缘强度。也可以充注常压空气，节约生产成本。Optionally, the gas containing chamber 600 may be filled with high-pressure air, negative-pressure air, high-pressure inert gas, etc. to improve the gas insulation strength. It can also be filled with normal pressure air to save production costs.
在本申请另一个实施例中，请参阅图2，电极200由导电材料一体成型设置。可简化气体放电管的成产工艺，降低制造成本。In another embodiment of the present application, referring to FIG. 2 , the electrode 200 is integrally formed of conductive material. The manufacturing process of the gas discharge tube can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
在本申请另一个实施例中，电极200包括相连接的导电部（图未显示）和绝缘部（图未显示），导电部盖合于第一绝缘管体100的端部并用于与第一绝缘管体100合围形成放电腔400，绝缘部环绕于导电部的外周设置，并用于与第一绝缘管体100和第二绝缘管体500合围形成气体容置腔600。In another embodiment of the present application, the electrode 200 includes a connected conductive part (not shown in the figure) and an insulating part (not shown in the figure), the conductive part covers the end of the first insulating tube body 100 and is used for connecting with the first The insulating tube body 100 forms a discharge chamber 400 , and the insulating part surrounds the outer periphery of the conducting part, and is used to form a gas accommodating cavity 600 surrounded by the first insulating tube body 100 and the second insulating tube body 500 .
具体地，电极200的导电部和绝缘部可以通过胶连接、卡扣连接等方式密封连接，在此不作唯一限定。Specifically, the conductive part and the insulating part of the electrode 200 may be sealed and connected by means of glue connection, snap connection, etc., which are not limited herein.
采用上述结构的气体放电管，气体容置腔600的两端为绝缘部，气体容置腔600内不易发生间隙放电，这样，气体容置腔600内的气体，始终能够在放电腔400内工频续流过大或者持续时间过长时，起到遮断工频续流的作用，使气体放电管的可靠性好。With the gas discharge tube with the above structure, the two ends of the gas storage chamber 600 are insulating parts, and gap discharge is not easy to occur in the gas storage chamber 600. In this way, the gas in the gas storage chamber 600 can always work in the discharge chamber 400. When the frequency of continuous flow is too large or the duration is too long, it can interrupt the power frequency continuous flow, so that the reliability of the gas discharge tube is good.
本实施例还提供一种过电压保护装置（图未示出），过电压保护装置包括上述主动切除故障式气体放电管。This embodiment also provides an overvoltage protection device (not shown in the figure), and the overvoltage protection device includes the above-mentioned active cut-off fault type gas discharge tube.
由于上述过电压保护装置采用了上述主动切除故障式气体放电管的所有实施例，因而至少具有上述实施例的所有有益效果，在此不再一一赘述。Since the above-mentioned overvoltage protection device adopts all the above-mentioned embodiments of actively cutting off the fault-type gas discharge tube, it at least has all the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned embodiments, and will not repeat them here.
请参阅图1和图2，本实施例还提供一种主动切除故障式气体放电管的制备方法，该方法用于制备上述主动切除故障式气体放电管，该方法包括：Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. This embodiment also provides a method for actively cutting off a faulty gas discharge tube. The method is used to prepare the above-mentioned active cutting off faulty gas discharge tube. The method includes:
准备材料：准备两电极200、两连接件300和第一绝缘管体100，其中，两电极200的放电面210涂覆有电子发射材料，两连接件300均包括高温连接部310，且两连接件300中至少一连接件300包括高温连接部310和低温连接部320，高温连接部310的熔点高于低温连接部320的熔点；Preparation materials: prepare two electrodes 200, two connectors 300 and the first insulating tube body 100, wherein the discharge surfaces 210 of the two electrodes 200 are coated with electron emission materials, and the two connectors 300 include high-temperature connectors 310, and the two connectors At least one connecting part 300 in the parts 300 includes a high-temperature connecting part 310 and a low-temperature connecting part 320, and the melting point of the high-temperature connecting part 310 is higher than the melting point of the low-temperature connecting part 320;
装配：将两电极200分别设置于第一绝缘管体100的两端，并将各连接件300夹设于对应的电极200和第一绝缘管体100之间；Assembling: the two electrodes 200 are respectively arranged at both ends of the first insulating tube body 100, and each connector 300 is interposed between the corresponding electrodes 200 and the first insulating tube body 100;
焊接：在惰性气体环境中，采用焊接炉，使各连接件300熔化后将对应的电极200与第一绝缘管体100固定连接。Welding: In an inert gas environment, use a welding furnace to melt each connecting piece 300 and then fixedly connect the corresponding electrode 200 to the first insulating tube body 100 .
本实施例提供的主动切除故障式气体放电管的制备方法，生产、组装工艺简单，制造成本低，制备完成的气体放电管遮断工频续流的能力强。The preparation method of the actively cutting fault type gas discharge tube provided in this embodiment has simple production and assembly processes, low manufacturing cost, and the prepared gas discharge tube has a strong ability to interrupt power frequency freewheeling.
在本申请另一个实施例中，准备两连接件300的步骤包括：In another embodiment of the present application, the steps of preparing the two connectors 300 include:
准备环形的高温连接部310，并在环形的高温连接部310的表面的预定范围内通过气相沉积的方式形成低温连接部320。An annular high-temperature connection portion 310 is prepared, and a low-temperature connection portion 320 is formed by vapor deposition within a predetermined range on the surface of the annular high-temperature connection portion 310 .
本实施例，通过气相沉积的方法制备连接件300，工艺方法简单，对环境改善，无污染，耗材少，成膜均匀致密，高温连接部310和低温连接部320的结合力强，连接件300的结构强度好。In this embodiment, the connecting piece 300 is prepared by vapor phase deposition. The process method is simple, the environment is improved, no pollution, less consumables, uniform and dense film formation, strong bonding force between the high temperature connecting part 310 and the low temperature connecting part 320, the connecting part 300 The structural strength is good.
在本申请另一个实施例中，准备两连接件300的步骤包括：In another embodiment of the present application, the steps of preparing the two connectors 300 include:
分段浇铸高温连接部310和低温连接部320，形成连接件300。The high temperature connection part 310 and the low temperature connection part 320 are casted in sections to form the connection piece 300 .
采用分段浇铸的方法制备连接件300，连接件300的内部应力小，且生产成本低。The connecting piece 300 is prepared by segmental casting, the internal stress of the connecting piece 300 is small, and the production cost is low.
进一步地，上述主动切除故障式气体放电管的制备方法，在准备材料步骤中还包括准备第二绝缘管体500；Further, the above-mentioned preparation method for actively cutting off the fault type gas discharge tube also includes preparing the second insulating tube body 500 in the step of preparing materials;
在装配步骤中还包括将第二绝缘管体500套设于第一绝缘管体100的外周并与第一绝缘管体100间隔设置；In the assembly step, the second insulating pipe body 500 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first insulating pipe body 100 and spaced apart from the first insulating pipe body 100;
在焊接步骤之后，还包括在惰性气体环境或者空气环境中，在两电极200和第二绝缘管体500的接口处涂覆耐高温密封胶层700，使第二绝缘管体500的两端分别与两电极200密封连接。After the welding step, it also includes applying a high temperature resistant sealant layer 700 at the interface between the two electrodes 200 and the second insulating pipe body 500 in an inert gas environment or an air environment, so that the two ends of the second insulating pipe body 500 are respectively It is sealed and connected with two electrodes 200 .
具体地，惰性气体环境和空气环境的压强可以根据需要进行设置，在此不作唯一限定。Specifically, the pressures of the inert gas environment and the air environment can be set as required, and are not limited herein.
本实施例提供的主动切除故障式气体放电管的制备方法，在焊接步骤之前将第二绝缘管体500套设在第一绝缘管体100外周，并在焊接步骤之后，采用耐高温密封胶层700使第二绝缘管体500和电极200固定连接，使得气体放电管的生产、组装工艺简单，制造效率高，制备完成后的气体放电管不仅遮断工频续流的能力强，且即使进行灌胶处理，也不会影响气体放电管的遮断工频续流的能力。In the preparation method of actively cutting off the fault type gas discharge tube provided in this embodiment, the second insulating pipe body 500 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first insulating pipe body 100 before the welding step, and a high temperature resistant sealant layer is used after the welding step 700 makes the second insulating tube body 500 and the electrode 200 fixedly connected, so that the production and assembly process of the gas discharge tube is simple, and the manufacturing efficiency is high. Glue treatment will not affect the ability of the gas discharge tube to interrupt power frequency freewheeling.
为了更清楚地说明本申请的原理，本实施例还提供一种气体放电管，请参阅图2，该气体放电管包括第一绝缘管体100、两电极200和两连接件300，两电极200分别设置于第一绝缘管体100的两端，并与第一绝缘管体100合围形成放电腔400，两电极200朝向放电腔400的表面形成放电面210；各连接件300夹设于对应的电极200和第一绝缘管体100之间，用于将对应的电极200密封连接至第一绝缘管体100，两连接件300中的其中一个设有高温连接部310，两连接件300中的另外一个设有高温连接部310和低温连接部320，且低温连接部320与高温连接部310首尾相连呈环形，其中，高温连接部310采用熔点为750℃的铜银合金焊料，低温连接部320采用熔点为420℃的锌焊料，且该气体放电管的直流击穿电压为600V。In order to illustrate the principle of the present application more clearly, this embodiment also provides a gas discharge tube, please refer to FIG. They are respectively arranged at both ends of the first insulating tube body 100, and are surrounded by the first insulating tube body 100 to form a discharge chamber 400. The surface of the two electrodes 200 facing the discharge chamber 400 forms a discharge surface 210; each connector 300 is sandwiched between the corresponding Between the electrode 200 and the first insulating tube body 100, it is used to seal the corresponding electrode 200 to the first insulating tube body 100. One of the two connecting parts 300 is provided with a high-temperature connecting part 310, and one of the two connecting parts 300 The other one is provided with a high-temperature connection part 310 and a low-temperature connection part 320, and the low-temperature connection part 320 and the high-temperature connection part 310 are connected end to end in a ring shape. Zinc solder with a melting point of 420°C is used, and the DC breakdown voltage of the gas discharge tube is 600V.
对具有上述结构的气体放电管，进行故障失效响应特性试验。For the gas discharge tube with the above structure, the fault failure response characteristic test is carried out.
1.试验原理1. Test principle
试验原理图如下图5所示，其中，组合波发生器为1.2/50μs、8/20μs组合波发生器；采样电阻R选取功率为100W，阻值为2Ω的有感水泥电阻，电感约为10mH，水泥电阻具有耐震、耐湿、耐热及良好散热，低价格等优点，其防爆性能也较好，能起保护作用。The schematic diagram of the test is shown in Figure 5 below, where the combined wave generators are 1.2/50μs and 8/20μs combined wave generators; the sampling resistor R is an inductive cement resistor with a power of 100W and a resistance value of 2Ω, and the inductance is about 10mH , The cement resistor has the advantages of shock resistance, humidity resistance, heat resistance, good heat dissipation, and low price. Its explosion-proof performance is also good and can play a protective role.
2.试验方案2. Test plan
使用1.2/50μs、8/20μs组合波发生器模拟雷电过电压进行冲击试验，选用气体放电管接受幅值为2KA的8/20μs脉冲电流冲击，记录采样电阻两侧的电压波形。Use 1.2/50μs, 8/20μs combination wave generator to simulate lightning overvoltage for impact test, select gas discharge tube to accept 8/20μs pulse current impact with amplitude of 2KA, and record the voltage waveform on both sides of the sampling resistor.
3.试验结果分析3. Analysis of test results
当直流稳压电源设置为6.5A，40V供电时，气体放电管能承受住电流脉冲冲击，此时气体放电管会出现弧光现象，产生工频续流并出现短路故障，采用示波器抓取的采样电阻的电压波形图如图6所示。波形振动较大，扰动较大。由波形可以看出：当气体放电管被击穿并产生工频续流时，采样电阻与气体放电管的串联回路形成通路，此时采样电阻的压降瞬间上升为14V。当气体放电管接受到工频续流故障开路式响应后，此时采样电阻与气体放电管的串联回路形成开路，采样电阻的压降瞬间变为0V。因此采样电阻电压降从14V-0V之间的时间就为气体放电管故障失效响应时间，气体放电管的故障失效响应时间约为7s。When the DC stabilized power supply is set to 6.5A and 40V power supply, the gas discharge tube can withstand the impact of current pulses. At this time, the gas discharge tube will appear arc phenomenon, resulting in power frequency freewheeling and short circuit failure. The sampling captured by the oscilloscope The voltage waveform diagram of the resistor is shown in Figure 6. The waveform vibrates larger and the disturbance is larger. It can be seen from the waveform that when the gas discharge tube is broken down and power-frequency freewheeling occurs, the sampling resistor and the series circuit of the gas discharge tube form a path, and the voltage drop of the sampling resistor instantly rises to 14V. When the gas discharge tube receives an open-circuit response to the power frequency freewheeling fault, the series circuit between the sampling resistor and the gas discharge tube forms an open circuit, and the voltage drop of the sampling resistor becomes 0V instantly. Therefore, the time for the voltage drop of the sampling resistor from 14V to 0V is the failure response time of the gas discharge tube, and the failure response time of the gas discharge tube is about 7s.
可以看出，对具有上述结构的气体放电管进行故障失效响应特性试验，得到的效果较好，气体放电管具有较好的故障失效响应特性。It can be seen that the test of the failure response characteristics of the gas discharge tube with the above structure has a better effect, and the gas discharge tube has better failure response characteristics.
以上所述仅为本申请的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the application, and are not intended to limit the application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the application should be included in the protection of the application. within range.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种主动切除故障式气体放电管，其特征在于：所述主动切除故障式气体放电管包括：A gas discharge tube that actively removes faults, characterized in that: the gas discharge tube that actively removes faults includes:
    第一绝缘管体；the first insulating tube;
    两电极，两所述电极分别设置于所述第一绝缘管体的两端，并与所述第一绝缘管体合围形成放电腔，两所述电极朝向所述放电腔的表面形成放电面；以及Two electrodes, the two electrodes are respectively arranged at both ends of the first insulating tube, and form a discharge cavity surrounded by the first insulating tube, and the two electrodes face the surface of the discharge cavity to form a discharge surface; as well as
    两连接件，各所述连接件夹设于对应的所述电极和所述第一绝缘管体之间，用于将对应的所述电极密封连接至所述第一绝缘管体，两所述连接件均设有高温连接部，且两所述连接件中的至少一所述连接件还设有低温连接部，所述低温连接部与对应的所述高温连接部首尾相连呈环形，所述低温连接部的熔点低于所述高温连接部的熔点。two connecting pieces, each of which is sandwiched between the corresponding electrode and the first insulating tube, and is used for sealingly connecting the corresponding electrode to the first insulating tube, and the two connecting pieces The connectors are all provided with a high-temperature connection part, and at least one of the two connectors is also provided with a low-temperature connection part, and the low-temperature connection part is connected end to end with the corresponding high-temperature connection part in a ring shape, and the The melting point of the low temperature connection is lower than the melting point of the high temperature connection.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的主动切除故障式气体放电管，其特征在于：所述低温连接部为低温焊料、低温粘合剂或者硅胶中的其中一种或多种的结合；和/或，所述高温连接部为高温焊料。The active cut-off fault type gas discharge tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: the low-temperature connection part is a combination of one or more of low-temperature solder, low-temperature adhesive or silica gel; and/or, the The high-temperature connection part is high-temperature solder.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的主动切除故障式气体放电管，其特征在于：所述电极的所述放电面为平面或凸面。The active cut-off fault type gas discharge tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: the discharge surface of the electrode is a plane or a convex surface.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的主动切除故障式气体放电管，其特征在于：所述主动切除故障式气体放电管还包括第二绝缘管体，所述第二绝缘管体套设于所述第一绝缘管体外周并与所述第一绝缘管体间隔设置，且所述第二绝缘管体的两端分别与两所述电极密封连接，所述第二绝缘管体与所述第一绝缘管体及两所述电极合围形成气体容置腔。The active cut-off fault type gas discharge tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: the active cut off fault type gas discharge tube also includes a second insulating tube body, and the second insulating tube body is sheathed on the first The periphery of the insulating tube body is spaced apart from the first insulating tube body, and the two ends of the second insulating tube body are respectively sealed and connected to the two electrodes, and the second insulating tube body is connected to the first insulating tube body The body and the two electrodes are surrounded to form a gas accommodating cavity.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的主动切除故障式气体放电管，其特征在于：所述气体容置腔用于容置惰性气体和/或空气。The active cut-off fault type gas discharge tube according to claim 4, characterized in that: the gas accommodating cavity is used to accommodate inert gas and/or air.
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的主动切除故障式气体放电管，其特征在于：所述电极由导电材料一体成型设置；The active cut-off fault type gas discharge tube according to claim 4, characterized in that: the electrodes are integrally formed of conductive materials;
    或者，所述电极包括相连接的导电部和绝缘部，所述导电部盖合于所述第一绝缘管体的端部并用于与所述第一绝缘管体合围形成所述放电腔，所述绝缘部环绕于所述导电部的外周设置，并用于与所述第一绝缘管体和所述第二绝缘管体合围形成所述气体容置腔。Alternatively, the electrode includes a connected conductive part and an insulating part, the conductive part covers the end of the first insulating tube and is used to surround the first insulating tube to form the discharge cavity, so The insulating part is arranged around the outer periphery of the conductive part, and is used to surround the first insulating pipe body and the second insulating pipe body to form the gas accommodating cavity.
  7. 一种过电压保护装置，其特征在于：所述过电压保护装置包括权利要求1-7任意一项所述的主动切除故障式气体放电管。An overvoltage protection device, characterized in that the overvoltage protection device includes the active cut-off fault type gas discharge tube according to any one of claims 1-7.
  8. 一种主动切除故障式气体放电管的制备方法，其特征在于：所述方法用于制备权利要求1所述的主动切除故障式气体放电管，所述方法包括：A preparation method for actively cutting off a faulty gas discharge tube, characterized in that: the method is used to prepare the actively cutting off faulty gas discharge tube according to claim 1, and the method comprises:
    准备材料：准备两所述电极、两所述连接件和所述第一绝缘管体；Preparation materials: prepare two electrodes, two connectors and the first insulating tube;
    装配：将两所述电极分别设置于所述第一绝缘管体的两端，并将各所述连接件夹设于对应的所述电极和所述第一绝缘管体之间；Assembling: setting the two electrodes respectively at both ends of the first insulating tube, and sandwiching each of the connectors between the corresponding electrodes and the first insulating tube;
    焊接：在惰性气体环境中，采用焊接炉，使各所述连接件熔化后将对应的所述电极与所述第一绝缘管体固定连接。Welding: In an inert gas environment, use a welding furnace to melt each of the connectors and then fixedly connect the corresponding electrodes to the first insulating pipe body.
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的主动切除故障式气体放电管的制备方法，其特征在于，准备两所述连接件的步骤包括：The method for actively removing a faulty gas discharge tube according to claim 8, wherein the step of preparing the two connectors comprises:
    准备环形的高温连接部，并在环形的高温连接部的表面的预定范围内通过气相沉积的方式形成所述低温连接部；preparing an annular high-temperature connecting portion, and forming the low-temperature connecting portion by vapor deposition within a predetermined range on the surface of the annular high-temperature connecting portion;
    或者，分段浇铸所述高温连接部和所述低温连接部，形成所述连接件。Alternatively, the high-temperature connection part and the low-temperature connection part are casted in sections to form the connection piece.
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的主动切除故障式气体放电管的制备方法，其特征在于：According to the preparation method of actively cutting off the fault type gas discharge tube according to claim 8, it is characterized in that:
    在所述准备材料步骤中还包括准备第二绝缘管体；The step of preparing materials also includes preparing a second insulating pipe body;
    在所述装配步骤中还包括将所述第二绝缘管体套设于所述第一绝缘管体的外周并与所述第一绝缘管体间隔设置；In the assembling step, it is also included that the second insulating pipe body is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first insulating pipe body and spaced apart from the first insulating pipe body;
    在所述焊接步骤之后，还包括在惰性气体环境或者空气环境中，在两所述电极和第二绝缘管体的接口处涂覆耐高温密封胶层，使所述第二绝缘管体的两端分别与两所述电极密封连接。After the welding step, it also includes applying a high-temperature-resistant sealant layer at the interface between the two electrodes and the second insulating pipe body in an inert gas environment or an air environment, so that the two ends of the second insulating pipe body The terminals are respectively sealed and connected to the two electrodes.
PCT/CN2022/081148 2021-09-14 2022-03-16 Overvoltage protection apparatus, and gas discharge tube and preparation method therefor WO2023040222A1 (en)

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CN113808894A (en) * 2021-09-14 2021-12-17 深圳市瑞隆源电子有限公司 Overvoltage protection device, gas discharge tube and preparation method thereof

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CN207705569U (en) * 2017-11-30 2018-08-07 东莞市阿甘半导体有限公司 Gas-discharge tube
CN113131341A (en) * 2021-04-21 2021-07-16 深圳市瑞隆源电子有限公司 Gas discharge tube and method for manufacturing the same
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CN103617938A (en) * 2013-09-13 2014-03-05 东莞市新铂铼电子有限公司 Non-follow current gas discharge tube
JP2016091709A (en) * 2014-10-31 2016-05-23 岡谷電機産業株式会社 Manufacturing method of discharge tube, and discharge tube
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