WO2023035114A1 - 前照灯和包括该前照灯的车辆 - Google Patents

前照灯和包括该前照灯的车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023035114A1
WO2023035114A1 PCT/CN2021/116986 CN2021116986W WO2023035114A1 WO 2023035114 A1 WO2023035114 A1 WO 2023035114A1 CN 2021116986 W CN2021116986 W CN 2021116986W WO 2023035114 A1 WO2023035114 A1 WO 2023035114A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
headlamp
vehicle
light guide
led
leds
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Application number
PCT/CN2021/116986
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张韬
陈兆禹
李应
陈向前
祝贺
Original Assignee
华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司
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Application filed by 华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司 filed Critical 华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2021/116986 priority Critical patent/WO2023035114A1/zh
Publication of WO2023035114A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023035114A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/02—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments
    • B60Q1/04—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights
    • B60Q1/06—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights adjustable, e.g. remotely-controlled from inside vehicle
    • B60Q1/08—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights adjustable, e.g. remotely-controlled from inside vehicle automatically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/24—Light guides

Definitions

  • the present disclosure generally relates to a headlamp for a vehicle and a vehicle including the same.
  • the driver of the vehicle When the vehicle is running on a dark road, such as when driving at night, the driver of the vehicle usually needs to turn on the high beams in the headlights of the vehicle to provide a brighter and farther illuminated area. This improves the driver's visibility on the road.
  • the high beam sent by the headlight may shine on the driver of the vehicle in front, causing the The super large halo produced by the light will occupy a large part of the visual area of other drivers, causing them to be dazzled, and even in extreme cases, it may even blind them instantly, thus causing great potential harm to surrounding pedestrians and vehicles .
  • the vehicle of the related art is equipped with a camera for capturing the environment around the vehicle, while the headlight is equipped with a control system matching the camera.
  • the camera recognizes the vehicle on the road, and when it is determined by the camera that there is a vehicle in front, the control system of the headlight will switch the corresponding The LED control is turned off. Accordingly, it is possible to provide the driver of the own vehicle with maximum illumination without causing the driver of the vehicle ahead to be dazzled.
  • the inventors of the present disclosure noticed that there is still room for improvement in related art vehicles.
  • the headlight and the camera of the vehicle are installed separately, therefore, the headlight and the camera need to be finally assembled and debugged after the vehicle is assembled.
  • the use of the camera itself also increases the cost of the product itself.
  • Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure may provide a headlamp for a vehicle, the headlamp may include: a plurality of LEDs, each of the plurality of LEDs can be turned on and off independently, and each LED When turned on, it can illuminate a corresponding sub-illumination area in front of the vehicle; a plurality of photoelectric sensors, a plurality of photoelectric sensors can be matched with a plurality of LEDs in a one-to-one manner; and a controller, the controller can receive signals from a plurality of Electrical signals of photoelectric sensors, wherein each photoelectric sensor can be configured to detect the light emitted by the vehicle ahead in the sub-illumination area corresponding to the matching LED, and can send an electric signal to the controller when detecting the light emitted by the vehicle ahead signal, and the controller configured to: in response to receiving the electrical signal from the photosensor, turn off the LED that matches the photosensor sending the electrical signal.
  • the headlight may include a light guide member having a light guide surface, the light guide surface may be disposed at a first end of the light guide member, and the photosensor and matching LED may be arranged at the light guide member.
  • the light emitted by the vehicle in front can pass through the light guide surface and be guided by the light guide member to reach the photoelectric sensor, and the light emitted by the matched LED can be guided to reach the photoelectric sensor by the light guide member.
  • the light guide surface passes through the light guide surface to illuminate the corresponding sub-illumination areas.
  • the further end of the light guide member may be an integral end opposite to the first end provided with the light guide surface, and each photosensor and matching LED may be arranged adjacent to each other. At the integral end of the light guiding member.
  • the other end portion of the light guide member may include a second end portion and a third end portion separated from each other, and a plurality of LEDs and a plurality of photosensors may be respectively arranged at the second end portion and the third end portion.
  • the light guiding member may include a primary optical element and a light guiding element
  • the primary optical element may include a plurality of first branches
  • the plurality of first branches may communicate with a plurality of LEDs arranged at the second end Matched in a one-to-one manner
  • the light guide element may include a plurality of second branch portions
  • the plurality of second branch portions may be matched in a one-to-one manner with a plurality of photosensors arranged at the third end portion
  • the light emitted by each LED can be guided to the light guide surface through the matching first branch portion and pass through the light guide surface to illuminate the corresponding sub-illumination area, and the light emitted by the vehicle in front can pass through the light guide surface and pass through the light guide surface. Guided via the second branch to the matching photosensor.
  • the angle formed by the light guide element and the primary optical element may be in the range of 0° to 90°.
  • each photosensor and matching LED may work alternately with a predetermined duty cycle on the time axis.
  • each photosensor and matching LED alternately operate on the time axis with duty cycles of 10% and 90%, respectively.
  • the headlight may further include a lens, the lens may be disposed downstream of the light guide surface in the propagation direction of the light emitted from the plurality of LEDs, and the lens may be configured to refract the light emitted from the at least one LED. into the sub-illumination area corresponding to at least one LED.
  • the central portion of the lens may be aligned with the central portion of the entire illuminated area of the plurality of LEDs.
  • the headlight may also include a heat sink mounted with a plurality of LEDs.
  • the heat sink may include a plurality of fins.
  • Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure may also provide a vehicle, which may include the headlamps provided according to the foregoing embodiments and an electric power source for supplying electric power to the headlamps.
  • the headlight of the vehicle itself has a vehicle recognition function, thereby being able to Realize the non-glare lighting function, help vehicles drive on dark roads and improve driving safety.
  • it can effectively reduce the difficulty of using non-glare lighting technology and reduce production costs, thereby contributing to non-glare The popularity of lighting technology in the market.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a vehicle having a glare-free lighting function while running.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a vehicle with a glare-free lighting function according to the related art.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating that LEDs of a headlamp emit light toward corresponding sub-illumination regions according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view illustrating detection of light emitted by a preceding vehicle within a sub-illumination area corresponding to a matching LED by a photosensor of a headlamp according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a light guide member, a lens, and a heat sink according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the light guide member of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 5A .
  • FIG. 6A is a schematic perspective view illustrating a light guide member and a lens according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6B is a schematic side view showing a light guide member, a lens, and a heat sink of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 6A .
  • FIG. 6C is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a light guide member, a lens, and a heat sink according to still another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic view showing the operation of LEDs and photosensors.
  • Fig. 7B is a schematic diagram showing the working of the LED and the photoelectric sensor during the running of the vehicle.
  • Headlamps for vehicle lighting generally use halogen light sources and LED light sources.
  • LED light sources are widely used in the field of automotive lighting due to their small light-emitting area and high photoelectric conversion efficiency, and gradually become the main force in the field of vehicle lighting.
  • the vehicle's headlights can not only provide low beam function and high beam function, but also provide glare-free lighting function that produces dark areas in high beam.
  • the glare-free lighting function of the vehicle will be specifically described below first with reference to FIG. 1 .
  • the driver of the vehicle 1 when the vehicle 1 is driving on a dark road, the driver of the vehicle 1 usually turns on the high beam in the headlight to provide a brighter and farther illuminated area. In this case, when vehicle 1 detects a vehicle ahead, the headlights of vehicle 1 will turn off the high beams illuminating the vehicle ahead.
  • the headlamp of the vehicle 1 may include 10 sub-illumination areas.
  • the vehicle 1 When it is determined that there is an opposing vehicle 1' in the sub-illumination areas 6, 7, 8 (not shown in the figure, located between the sub-illumination areas 5-9), the vehicle 1 will illuminate the sub-illumination areas 6, 7, 8 lighting off. In this way, the headlights of the vehicle 1 will emit high-beam light only toward areas other than the oncoming vehicle 1' (sub-illumination areas 1-5, 9, 10 in FIG.
  • the driver of the vehicle 1 is provided with maximum illumination in case the driver of the vehicle 1 ′ is dazzled. Therefore, when the vehicle 1 with the non-glare lighting function is running on a dark road, the high beam can be turned on all the time, and the driving safety can be greatly improved.
  • the headlights of the vehicle 1 are illuminated without glare when the vehicle 1 and the oncoming vehicle 1' meet.
  • the headlights of the vehicle 1 can also provide a glare-free lighting function that creates dark areas in the high beam.
  • each of the headlights 10 of the vehicle 1 may include a plurality of LEDs, the number of LEDs is the same as the number of pixels that the headlights 10 can achieve, and each LED corresponds to One pixel of the headlight, and each pixel can illuminate a sub-illumination area at a specific angle.
  • the headlight may include 15 pixel LEDs, and thus 15 sub-illumination areas may be formed.
  • the vehicle 1 may turn off the illumination of the at least one sub-illumination area.
  • the vehicle 1 is equipped with a camera 20 for capturing the surroundings of the vehicle 1 .
  • the camera 20 is configured to capture images of objects on the road, and then the captured images are processed by an on-board algorithm to identify whether the captured objects are vehicles.
  • the vehicle 1 controls the headlight to turn off at least one LED corresponding to the at least one sub-illumination area , thereby realizing the glare-free lighting function of the vehicle 1 .
  • the inventors of the present disclosure noticed that there is still room for improvement in related art vehicles.
  • the headlamp 10 and the camera 20 are separately installed. Therefore, after the assembly of the vehicle is completed, it is necessary to perform final combined debugging on the headlight 10 and the camera 20 .
  • a corresponding control system needs to be developed for the vehicle 1 and a corresponding road test needs to be performed, thus increasing the cost of the product.
  • the vehicle 1 according to the related art must use the camera 20 installed separately from the headlight 10 to recognize the vehicle ahead, which itself also increases the cost of the product.
  • the inventors of the present disclosure have proposed a headlamp capable of realizing a glare-free lighting function without using a camera.
  • the headlight can effectively improve the matching problem of the camera and the headlight in the related art, and because the use of the camera is avoided, the production cost can be reduced.
  • the headlamp of the host vehicle is effectively integrated into the headlamp of the host vehicle by effectively integrating the identification system for recognizing the vehicle ahead on the road on which the host vehicle is running. It has the function of identifying the vehicle ahead, so that it can not only realize the non-glare lighting function, help the vehicle to drive on dark roads, improve driving safety, but also effectively reduce the difficulty of using the non-glare lighting technology. Improving or even completely eliminating the need for subsequent calibration when mounting the headlights on the vehicle, and reducing production costs by also avoiding the use of cameras, contributes to the proliferation of glare-free lighting technology in the market.
  • a headlamp for a vehicle having a glare-free lighting function will be described below with reference to FIGS. 3 to 7B .
  • a headlamp 10 for a vehicle 1 which may include a plurality of LEDs 101, a plurality of photoelectric sensors 102 and a controller .
  • each LED can be turned on and off independently, and each LED can illuminate a corresponding sub-illumination area in front of the vehicle 1 when turned on, as shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the headlamp 10 may also include a plurality of photoelectric sensors 102 , and the plurality of photoelectric sensors 102 are matched with the plurality of LEDs in a one-to-one manner.
  • a controller may receive electrical signals from the photosensor 102 .
  • the headlamp 10 may include 15 LEDs and 15 photosensors.
  • the number of LEDs and photoelectric sensors is not limited, as long as the photoelectric sensors and LEDs can be arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
  • the headlamp 10 may also include 10 LEDs and 10 photosensors.
  • each photosensor may be configured to detect the light emitted by the vehicle 1 ′ in front in the sub-illumination area corresponding to the matching LED, and to send The controller sends an electrical signal.
  • the controller may be configured to, in response to receiving the electrical signal from the photosensor, turn off the LED that matches the photosensor sending the electrical signal.
  • a plurality of photoelectric sensors arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of LEDs are arranged in the headlamp, so as to match The vehicle ahead in the corresponding sub-illumination area of the LED is detected.
  • the corresponding LEDs, the corresponding sub-illumination regions and the corresponding photoelectric sensors can be completely corresponded to each other.
  • the driver of the vehicle in front in the corresponding sub-illumination area can be prevented from being dazzled by targetedly controlling the opening and closing of the corresponding LED, thereby realizing the high beam at a lower cost and a simple structure. Glare-free lighting in dark areas.
  • the headlamp 10 may include a light guide member 103 having a light guide surface 1031 disposed at a first end of the light guide member 103, and the photosensor 102 and the matching LED 101 may be Arranged at another end portion of the light guide member 103 than the first end portion, as shown in FIGS. 5A to 6C .
  • the light emitted by the vehicle 1' in front passes through the light guide surface 1031 and is guided through the light guide member 103 to reach the photoelectric sensor 102, and the light emitted by the LED 101
  • the light is guided through the light guide member 103 to the light guide surface 1031 and passes through the light guide surface 1031 to illuminate the corresponding sub-illumination regions.
  • the light emitted from the LED and the light emitted by the preceding vehicle 1' within the corresponding sub-illumination area of the matching LED will be guided through the same light guiding member 103 via the same light guiding surface 1031.
  • the controller can control the corresponding LEDs to be turned off in a targeted manner, so as to avoid dazzling the driver of the vehicle 1' in front while affecting the lighting of the host vehicle to a minimum.
  • the above-mentioned additional end of the light guide member 103 can be an integral end opposite to the first end provided with the light guide surface 1031 , and each photoelectric sensor 102
  • the matching LEDs 101 can be arranged at the one-piece end of the light guide member 103 in a manner adjacent to each other.
  • the light guiding member 103 can be configured as a light guiding body with a light guiding channel, and the light emitted by each LED 101 and the light reaching the matched photosensor 102 can be transmitted through the same light guiding channel, Therefore, the photosensor 102 can have extremely high light-sensing efficiency.
  • the one-piece end of the light guide member 103 may be relatively thick, so there may be certain challenges in optical design, for example, in terms of light spot control of illumination pixels. There are difficulties.
  • the light guide member 103 described above is only exemplary. Various modifications and variations can be made to the light guide member 103 without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Some modified implementations of the light guide member 103 will be specifically described below with reference to FIGS. 6A to 6C . For the purpose of brevity, when describing the modified implementation of the light guide member 103, the same parts as the previous implementation will not be repeated.
  • the above-mentioned additional end portion of the light guide member 103 may include a second end portion and a third end portion separated from each other, and a plurality of LEDs 101 and a plurality of photosensors 102 may be respectively Arranged at the second end and the third end, and the light guide member 103 may include a primary optical element 1032 and a light guide element 1033 .
  • the primary optical element 1032 may include a plurality of first branches 10320 and the light guiding element 1033 may include a plurality of second branches 10330 .
  • the plurality of first branches 10320 of the primary optical element 1032 can be matched with the plurality of LEDs 101 arranged at the second end of the light guide member 103 in a one-to-one manner, and the plurality of second branches of the light guide element 1033
  • the branch portion 10330 may be matched with the plurality of photosensors 102 arranged at the third end portion of the light guide member 103 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, as shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C .
  • each LED 101 can be guided to the light guide surface 1031 via the matching first branch portion 10320 and pass through the light guide
  • the light from the vehicle 1 ′ in front passes through the light guide surface 1031 and is guided through the second branch portion 10330 to reach the matched photoelectric sensor 102 .
  • the primary optical element 1032 may be designed using a light concentrator or a needle-shaped light guiding member. It can be understood that the design of the primary optical element essentially uses the light waveguide based on the principle of total reflection to guide the light to a specific position, that is, the light emitted by each LED is emitted to the corresponding sub-illumination area through the primary optical element. By arranging a light guide element that shares the same light guide surface with the primary optical element, the total reflection condition of the primary optical element can be broken at the light guide element, and the design of this light guide element can effectively divert the light emitted from the vehicle ahead. The light is directed to the location of the corresponding photosensor.
  • the angle formed by the primary optical element 1032 and the light guide element 1033 may be in the range of 0° to 90°.
  • the angle formed by the primary optical element 1032 and the light guide element 1033 may be as small as close to 0 degree, such as 1 degree or 2 degrees.
  • the light guiding element 1033 may extend along a direction substantially perpendicular to the extending direction of the primary optical element 1032 .
  • the arrangement direction of the light guide element 1033 and the primary optical element 1032 can be arbitrary, as long as the light guide element can ensure that the light emitted by the vehicle in front passes through the light guide surface 1031 and guides it through the second branch portion 10330. It only needs to reach the matching photosensor 102 and ensure that the light emitted by each LED 101 is guided to the light guide surface 1031 through the matched first branch portion 10320 and passes through the light guide surface 1031 to illuminate the corresponding sub-illumination area. In this way, the design flexibility of the light guide member 103 can be increased, and the compactness of the headlamp can be improved.
  • the LED 101 and the photoelectric sensor 102 can work alternately with a predetermined duty cycle on the time axis, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B .
  • the LED 101 and the photoelectric sensor 102 can not work at the same time. Because the speed of light is extremely fast, the light emitted by the LED 101 can completely leave the headlamp 10 even on an extremely small time scale. Therefore, it can be ensured that the light received by the photoelectric sensor 102 is completely the light collected from the outside, thereby avoiding the influence of the light emitted by the LED 101 itself on the photoelectric sensor 102. In this way, the control accuracy of the glare-free lighting function can be further increased.
  • each photosensor and matching LED operate alternately on the time axis with duty cycles of 10% and 90%, respectively, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B .
  • the photoelectric sensor is in the working state, while the LED is in the non-working state.
  • the photoelectric sensor can detect the light emitted by the vehicle in front.
  • the LED is in the working state, while the photoelectric sensor is in the non-working state.
  • the LED emits light toward the front of the vehicle, thereby illuminating each sub-lighting area .
  • the respective duty ratios and specific working time periods of the photoelectric sensor and matching LED described above are just examples, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto in any way.
  • the headlamp 10 may further include a lens 107 disposed downstream of the light guide surface 1031 in the propagation direction of light emitted from the LED, and the lens 107 It may be configured to refract light emitted from at least one LED into a sub-illumination area corresponding to the at least one LED.
  • the central portion of the lens 107 may be aligned with the central portion of the entire illumination area of the plurality of LEDs.
  • the headlamp 10 may also include a heat sink 108 mounted with a plurality of LEDs 101, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 .
  • a heat sink 108 mounted with a plurality of LEDs 101, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 .
  • the heat sink 108 may include a plurality of cooling fins 1080 . In this way, by adding a plurality of heat sinks, the uniformity of heat dissipation can be further improved, thereby further prolonging the life of the LED.
  • a vehicle 1 including the above-described headlamp 10 and an electric power source for supplying electric power to the headlamp 10 . It can be understood that the vehicle 1 provided by the present disclosure can at least achieve the various advantages described above with respect to the headlamp 10 .
  • the present disclosure provides a headlamp and a vehicle including the same.
  • the headlight includes: a plurality of LEDs, each of which can be turned on and off independently and can illuminate a corresponding sub-illumination area in front of the vehicle when turned on; a plurality of photoelectric sensors, a plurality of photoelectric sensors and a plurality of LEDs matching in a one-to-one manner; and a controller that receives electrical signals from a plurality of photoelectric sensors.
  • Each photosensor is configured to detect light from a preceding vehicle within a sub-illumination zone corresponding to a matching LED, and upon detecting light from a preceding vehicle, send an electrical signal to a controller configured to: respond to receiving The received electrical signal from the photoelectric sensor turns off the LED that matches the photoelectric sensor that sent the electrical signal.
  • headlamps and vehicles provided by the present disclosure are reproducible and can be used in a variety of industrial applications.

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Abstract

本公开提供了一种前照灯以及包括该前照灯的车辆。前照灯包括：多个LED，每个LED能够独立地被打开及关闭且在被打开时能够照亮车辆前方的相应一个子照明区域；多个光电传感器，多个光电传感器与多个LED以一一对应的方式相匹配；以及接收来自多个光电传感器的电信号的控制器。每个光电传感器被构造成检测与匹配的LED相应的子照明区域内的前方车辆发出的光，并且在检测到前方车辆发出的光时向控制器发送电信号，控制器配置成：响应于接收到的来自光电传感器的电信号而将与发送电信号的光电传感器相匹配的LED关闭。根据本公开，能够实现无眩目照明功能，提升行车安全性，还能够有效降低无眩目照明技术的使用难度和生产成本，有助于无眩目照明技术的普及。

Description

前照灯和包括该前照灯的车辆 技术领域
本公开总体上涉及用于车辆的前照灯以及包括该前照灯的车辆。
背景技术
本部分提供了与本公开有关的背景信息，但是这些信息并不必然构成现有技术。
当车辆在光线较暗的道路上行驶时，例如当在夜间行车时，车辆的驾驶员通常需要打开车辆的前照灯中的远光，以提供亮度较高、照射范围较远的照明区域，从而改善驾驶员对路面的可视性。然而，当道路上的车辆较多时，或者当在会车或跟车时没有及时地将远光切换为近光时，前照灯所发出的远光可能会照射到前方车辆的驾驶员，远光所产生的超大光晕会占据其他驾驶员视觉中很大一部分面积从而导致其眩目，甚至在极端情况下可能会使其瞬间致盲，从而对周围的行人和车辆造成极大的潜在危害。
在相关技术中，提供了一种能够在远光中产生暗区的无眩目照明功能的车辆。为此，相关技术的车辆配备有用于对车辆周围的环境进行捕获的相机，同时前照灯配备有与该相机相匹配的控制***。在车辆的行驶过程中，所述相机对道路上的车辆进行识别，并且当通过相机确定存在前方车辆时，前照灯的控制***基于从所述相机传递的检测信号而将前照灯的相应的LED控制成关闭。由此，能够在不引起前方车辆的驾驶员眩目的情况下为本车辆的驾驶员提供最大程度的照明。
本公开的发明人注意到相关技术的车辆还存在改进的空间。例如，在相关技术中，车辆的前照灯与相机是分开安装的，因此，在车辆组装完成后需要对前照灯与相机进行最终的组合调试。此外，还需要针对车辆开发相应的控制***并进行相应的道路测试，而这增加了产品的成本。另外，相机的使用本身也增加了产品自身的成本。
因此，存在对提供一种能够以较低的成本、较简单的结构且较高的安全性来实现无眩目照明功能的前照灯的需求。此外，还存在对提供一种包括这种前照灯的车辆的需求。
发明内容
本部分提供本公开的一般概要，而不是本公开的全部范围或全部特征的全面披露。
本公开的示例性实施方式可以提供一种用于车辆的前照灯，该前照灯可以包括：多个LED，多个LED中的每个LED能够独立地被打开及关闭，并且每个LED在被打开时能够照亮车辆前方的相应一个子照明区域；多个光电传感器，多个光电传感器可以与多个LED以一一对应的方式相匹配；以及控制器，控制器可以接收来自多个光电传感器的电信号，其中，每个光电传感器可以被构造成检测与匹配的LED相应的子照明区域内的前方车辆发出的光，并且在检测到前方车辆发出的光时可以向控制器发送电信号，以及控制器配置成： 响应于接收到的来自光电传感器的电信号而将与发送电信号的光电传感器相匹配的LED关闭。
在一些实施方式中，前照灯可以包括具有导光面的导光构件，导光面可以设置在导光构件的第一端部处，并且光电传感器和匹配的LED可以布置在导光构件的不同于第一端部的另外的端部处，前方车辆发出的光可以穿过导光面并经由导光构件引导而到达光电传感器，并且由匹配的LED发出的光可以经由导光构件引导到达导光面并穿过导光面而照亮相应的子照明区域。
在一些实施方式中，导光构件的另外的端部可以为与设置有导光面的第一端部相反的一体式端部，以及每个光电传感器和匹配的LED可以以彼此邻接的方式布置在导光构件的该一体式端部处。
在一些实施方式中，导光构件的另外的端部可以包括彼此分开的第二端部和第三端部，多个LED和多个光电传感器可以分别布置在所述第二端部和所述第三端部处；导光构件可以包括初级光学元件和导光元件，初级光学元件可以包括多个第一分支部，多个第一分支部可以与布置在第二端部处的多个LED以一一对应的方式相匹配，并且导光元件可以包括多个第二分支部，多个第二分支部可以与布置在第三端部处的多个光电传感器以一一对应的方式相匹配；每个LED发出的光可以经由相匹配的第一分支部被引导至导光面并穿过导光面而照亮相应的子照明区域，以及前方车辆发出的光可以穿过导光面并经由第二分支部引导而到达匹配的光电传感器。
在一些实施方式中，导光元件与初级光学元件所形成的夹角可以在0度至90度的范围内。
在一些实施方式中，每个光电传感器和匹配的LED在时间轴上可以以预定的占空比交替地工作。
在一些实施方式中，每个光电传感器和匹配的LED在时间轴上分别以10％和90％的占空比交替地工作。
在一些实施方式中，前照灯还可以包括透镜，透镜在从多个LED发出的光的传播方向上可以设置在导光面的下游，并且透镜可以配置成将从至少一个LED发出的光折射到与至少一个LED相对应的子照明区域内。
在一些实施方式中，透镜的中央部可以与多个LED的整个照明区域的中央部对准。
在一些实施方式中，前照灯还可以包括安装有多个LED的散热器。
在一些实施方式中，散热器可以包括多个散热片。
本公开的实例性实施方式还可以提供一种车辆，车辆可以包括根据前述实施方式所提供的前照灯以及用于向前照灯供给电力的电力源。
根据上述构型，通过将用于对该车辆所行驶的道路上的前方车辆进行识别的识别***有效地融合到车辆的前照灯中，车辆的前照灯自身即具有车辆识别功能，从而能够实现无眩目照明功能，帮助车辆在光线较暗的道路行驶，提升行车的安全性，此外，还能够有效地降低无眩目照明技术的使用难度，降低生产成本，从而有助于无眩目照明技术在市场上的普及。
附图说明
通过以下参照附图的描述，本公开的实施方式的特征和优点将变得更加容易理解，附图并非按比例绘制，可放大或缩小一些特征以显示特定部件的细节，在附图中：
图1为示出了具有无眩目照明功能的车辆在行驶时的示意性视图。
图2为示出了根据相关技术的具有无眩目照明功能的车辆的示意性视图。
图3为示出了根据本公开的示例性实施方式的前照灯的LED朝向对应的子照明区域发光的示意性视图。
图4为示出了根据本公开的示例性实施方式的前照灯的光电传感器对与匹配的LED相应的子照明区域内的前方车辆发出的光进行检测的示意性视图。
图5A为示出了根据本公开的示例性实施方式的导光构件、透镜和散热器的示意性截面图。
图5B为示出了图5A中所示的示例性实施方式的导光构件的示意性截面图。
图6A为示出了根据本公开的另一示例性实施方式的导光构件和透镜的示意性立体图。
图6B为示出了图6A中所示的示例性实施方式的导光构件、透镜和散热器的示意性侧视图。
图6C为示出了根据本公开的又一示例性实施方式的导光构件、透镜和散热器的示意性截面图。
图7A为示出了LED与光电传感器的工作情况的示意性视图。
图7B为示出了车辆的行驶过程中LED和光电传感器的工作示意图。
具体实施方式
用于车辆照明的前照灯通常采用卤素光源和LED光源。LED光源由于拥有小的发光面积和高的光电转换效率而在汽车照明领域得以广泛应用，逐渐成为车辆照明领域的主力军。通过采用LED光源技术，车辆的前照灯不仅能够提供近光功能和远光功能，而且还能够提供在远光中产生暗区的无眩目照明功能。
以下首先将参照图1来具体地描述车辆的无眩目照明功能。
参照图1，当车辆1在光线较暗的道路上行驶时，车辆1的驾驶员通常会打开前照灯中的远光以提供亮度较高、照射范围较远的照明区域。在这种情况下，当车辆1检测到前方 车辆时，车辆1的前照灯将会关闭照向前方车辆的远光。
如图1中所示，车辆1的前照灯可以包括10个子照明区域。当确定在子照明区域6、7、8(图中未标出，位于子照明区域5-9之间)中存在对向车辆1’时，车辆1将照向子照明区域6、7、8的照明关闭。以此方式，车辆1的前照灯将仅朝向除对向车辆1’以外的区域(在图1中为子照明区域1-5、9、10)发出远光光线，从而在不引起对向车辆1’的驾驶员眩目的情况下为车辆1的驾驶员提供最大程度的照明。因此，当具备无眩目照明功能的车辆1在光线较暗的道路上行驶时可一直开启远光，进而可以大幅提高行车的安全性。
应当指出的是，尽管在图1中示出是在车辆1与对向车辆1’会车时车辆1的前照灯进行无眩目照明。然而，可以设想无眩目照明功能的其他应用场景。例如，当车辆1正在跟随前方车辆时，车辆1的前照灯也可以提供在远光中产生暗区的无眩目照明功能。
接下来，将参照图2对根据相关技术的提供前述无眩目照明的车辆进行详细的描述。
参照图2，在相关技术中，车辆1的前照灯10中的每个前照灯可以包括多个LED，LED的数量与前照灯10能够实现的像素数目相同，每个LED分别对应于前照灯的一个像素，并且每个像素能够照亮一个特定角度的子照明区域。如图2中所示，前照灯可以包括15个像素LED，并且因而可以形成15个子照明区域。当确定在这15个子照明区域中的至少一个子照明区域中存在前方车辆时，车辆1可以将对所述至少一个子照明区域的照明关闭。
为了对前方车辆进行识别，如图2中所示，车辆1配备有用于对车辆1的周围环境进行捕获的相机20。在车辆1的行驶过程中，相机20配置成对道路上的物体的图像进行捕获，随后通过车载算法对所捕获的图像进行处理，进而识别所捕获的物体是否为车辆。当通过相机20所捕获的图像确定在车辆1的前照灯的至少一个子照明区域中存在前方车辆时，车辆1控制前照灯以将对应于所述至少一个子照明区域的至少一个LED关闭，由此实现了车辆1的无眩目照明功能。
本公开的发明人注意到相关技术的车辆还存在改进的空间。例如，如图2中所示，前照灯10与相机20是分开安装的。因此在车辆组装完成后需要对前照灯10与相机20进行最终的组合调试。此外，根据相关技术的车辆1，需要针对车辆1开发相应的控制***并且需要进行相应的道路测试，因而增加了产品的成本。另外，根据相关技术的车辆1必须使用与前照灯10分开安装的相机20来识别前方车辆，这本身也会增加产品的成本。
为此，本公开的发明人提出了一种能够在不使用相机的情况下实现无眩目照明功能的前照灯。这种前照灯能够有效地改善在相关技术中存在的相机与前照灯的匹配问题，并且由于避免了相机的使用，因而能够降低生产成本。
根据本公开的发明人所提出的前照灯，通过将用于对本车辆所行驶的道路上的前方车辆进行识别的识别***有效地融合到本车辆的前照灯中，本车辆的前照灯自身即具有前方 车辆识别功能，从而不仅能够实现无眩目照明功能，帮助本车辆在光线较暗的道路行驶，提升行车的安全性，而且还能够有效地降低无眩目照明技术的使用难度，改善甚至完全消除将前照灯安装在车辆上时所需要的后续校准，并且由于还避免了相机的使用，因而降低了生产成本，有助于无眩目照明技术在市场上的普及。
下面将参照附图借助于示例性实施方式对本公开进行详细描述。要注意的是，对本公开的以下详细描述仅仅是出于说明目的，而绝不是对本公开的限制。此外，在各个附图中采用相同的附图标记来表示相同的部件。
还需要说明的是，为了清楚起见，在说明书和附图中并未描述和示出实际的特定实施方式的所有特征，并且，为了避免不必要的细节模糊了本公开关注的技术方案，在附图和说明书中仅描述和示出了与本公开的技术方案密切相关的装置结构，而省略了与本公开的技术内容关系不大的且本领域技术人员已知的其他细节。
以下将参照图3至图7B对根据本公开的示例性实施方式的具有无眩目照明功能的用于车辆的前照灯进行描述。
参照图3至图7B，根据本公开的示例性实施方式，提供了一种用于车辆1的前照灯10，该前照灯10可以包括多个LED 101、多个光电传感器102和控制器。在实施方式中，每个LED能够独立地被打开及关闭，并且每个LED在被打开时能够照亮车辆1前方的相应一个子照明区域，如图3中所示。此外，前照灯10还可以包括多个光电传感器102，多个光电传感器102与多个LED以一一对应的方式相匹配。控制器可以接收来自所述光电传感器102的电信号。
应当指出的是，在本文中，当使用术语“A与B以一一对应的方式相匹配”时，应当被理解为每个A与一个且唯一一个B相匹配。例如，在此应当理解的是，每个光电传感器与一个且唯一一个LED相匹配。
如图3和图4中所示，前照灯10可以包括15个LED和15个光电传感器。然而，应当理解的是，LED和光电传感器的数量不受限制，只要能够将光电传感器与LED以一一对应的方式设置即可。例如，前照灯10也可以包括10个LED和10个光电传感器。
根据本公开的示例性实施方式，每个光电传感器可以被构造成检测与匹配的LED相应的子照明区域内的前方车辆1’发出的光，并且在检测到前方车辆1’发出的光时向控制器发送电信号。控制器可以配置成：响应于接收到的来自光电传感器的电信号而将与发送所述电信号的光电传感器相匹配的LED关闭。
根据本公开的示例性实施方式所提供的用于车辆的前照灯10，在该前照灯中设置有与多个LED以一一对应的方式设置的多个光电传感器，以对与匹配的LED相应的子照明区域内的前方车辆进行检测。以此方式，在车辆的前照灯的照明***中，既存在能够照亮相 应的子照明区域的像素LED，又存在能够检测在相应的子照明区域内的前方车辆发出的光的光电传感器。因此，能够将相应的LED、相应的子照明区域以及相应的光电传感器三者完全对应。以此方式，可以通过针对性地控制相应的LED的打开和关闭来防止相应的子照明区域内的前方车辆的驾驶员的眩目，从而以较低的成本和简单的结构实现了在远光中产生暗区的无眩目照明功能。
根据示例性实施方式，前照灯10可以包括具有导光面1031的导光构件103，导光面1031设置在导光构件103的第一端部处，并且光电传感器102和匹配的LED 101可以布置在导光构件103的不同于第一端部的另外的端部处，如图5A至图6C中所示。
再次向回参照图3和图4，当存在前方车辆1’时，前方车辆1’发出的光穿过导光面1031并经由导光构件103引导而到达光电传感器102，并且由LED 101发出的光经由导光构件103引导到达导光面1031并穿过导光面1031而照亮相应的子照明区域。以此方式，从LED发出的光与匹配的LED相应的子照明区域内的前方车辆1’发出的光将经由同一导光面1031通过相同的导光构件103来引导。根据光路可逆性原理，当光线沿反方向传播时，将总是沿着与正向传播的同一路径的反向传播。因此，当至少一个光电传感器102接收到从前方车辆1’发出的光时，可以确定发出光的前方车辆1’此时正处于与匹配的LED 101相应的子照明区域内。在这种情况下，控制器可以有针对性地控制相应LED关闭，从而在最少程度地影响本车辆的照明的情况下避免引起前方车辆1’的驾驶员的眩目。
在一些实施方式中，参照图5A和图5B，导光构件103的上述另外的端部可以为与设置有导光面1031的第一端部相反的一体式端部，并且每个光电传感器102和匹配的LED 101可以以彼此邻接的方式布置在导光构件103的该一体式端部处。在这种情况下，导光构件103可以被设置为具有一个导光通道的导光体，并且每个LED 101发出的光与到达匹配的光电传感器102的光可以经由同一导光通道进行传输，因此光电传感器102可以具有极高的感光效率。然而，可以理解的是，在这种情况下，导光构件103的该一体式端部可能会较厚，因此在光学设计上可能会存在一定的挑战，例如可能会在照明像素的光斑控制方面存在困难。
应当指出的是，以上所描述的导光构件103仅是示例性的。在不背离本公开的精神和范围的情况下，可以对导光构件103做出各种的改型和变型。以下将参照图6A至图6C对导光构件103的一些变型实施方式进行具体的描述。出于简要的目的，在对导光构件103的变型实施方式进行描述时，与前述实施方式相同的部分将不再赘述。
在一些实施方式中，参照图6A至图6C，导光构件103的上述另外的端部可以包括彼此分开的第二端部和第三端部，多个LED 101和多个光电传感器102可以分别布置在该第二端部和第三端部处，并且导光构件103可以包括初级光学元件1032和导光元件1033。 如图6A中所示，初级光学元件1032可以包括多个第一分支部10320，并且导光元件1033可以包括多个第二分支部10330。初级光学元件1032的多个第一分支部10320可以与布置在导光构件103的第二端部处的多个LED 101以一一对应的方式相匹配，并且导光元件1033的多个第二分支部10330可以与布置在导光构件103的第三端部处的多个光电传感器102以一一对应的方式相匹配，如图6B和图6C中所示。
参照图6A至图6C并结合之前的图3和图4，可以理解的是，每个LED 101发出的光可以经由相匹配的第一分支部10320被引导至导光面1031并穿过导光面1031而照亮相应的子照明区域，而前方车辆1’发出的光穿过导光面1031并经由第二分支部10330引导而到达匹配的光电传感器102。
在示例性实施方式中，初级光学元件1032可以采用聚光器或者针状导光构件来设计。可以理解的是，初级光学元件的设计本质上都是使用全反射原理的光波导将光线导向到具***置，即将各个LED发出的光经过初级光学元件发射到相应的子照明区域。通过设置与该初级光学元件共用同一导光面的导光元件，可以在该导光元件处打破初级光学元件的全反射条件，增加这种导光元件的设计能够有效的将从前方车辆发出的光引导至相应的光电传感器的位置。以此方式，照明***中可以同时存在照亮相应的子照明区域的像素LED以及检测在相应的子照明区域内的前方车辆发出的光的光电传感器。因此，能够将各个LED、相应的子照明区域以及相应的光电传感器三者完全对应。
在一些实施方式中，初级光学元件1032与导光元件1033所形成的夹角可以在0度至90度的范围内。例如，如图6B中所示，在一些可选的示例性实施方式中，初级光学元件1032与导光元件1033所形成的夹角可以小到接近0度，例如1度或2度。此外，在另一些可选的示例性实施方式中，如图6C中所示，导光元件1033可以沿与初级光学元件1032的延伸方向大致垂直的方向延伸。
应当指出的是，导光元件1033与初级光学元件1032的排布方向可以是任意的，只要能够确保导光元件将前方车辆发出的光穿过导光面1031并经由第二分支部10330引导而到达匹配的光电传感器102且确保每个LED 101发出的光经由相匹配的第一分支部10320被引导至导光面1031并穿过导光面1031而照亮相应的子照明区域即可。以此方式，可以增加导光构件103的设计灵活性，并且可以提高前照灯的紧凑性。
在一些实施方式中，LED 101与光电传感器102在时间轴上可以以预定的占空比交替地工作，如图7A和图7B中所示。换言之，通过调节LED 101与光电传感器102各自在时间轴上的占空比，可以使LED 101和光电传感器102不在同一时间工作。由于光速是极快的，因而LED 101所发出的光即使在极小的时间尺度下也能够完全离开前照灯10。因此，可以确保光电传感器102所接收到的光线完全是从外界收集到的光线，从而避免了LED 101 自身发出的光对光电传感器102的影响。以此方式，可以进一步提高无眩目照明功能的控制精确性。
根据示例性实施方式，每个光电传感器和匹配的LED在时间轴上分别以10％和90％的占空比交替地工作，如图7A和图7B中所示。具体地，参照图7B的左部部分，在0s至0.1s的时间段内，光电传感器处于工作状态，而LED处于非工作状态，此时光电传感器能够对前方车辆发出的光进行检测。而如图7B的右部部分所示，在0.1s至1s的时间段内，LED处于工作状态，而光电传感器处于非工作状态，此时LED朝向车辆的前方发光，从而照亮各个子照明区域。可以理解的是，以上所描述的光电传感器和匹配的LED各自的占空比以及具体的工作时间段仅是示例，本公开并不以任何方式对此进行限制。
再次向回参照图3至图6C，在一些实施方式中，前照灯10还可以包括透镜107，透镜107在从LED发出的光的传播方向上设置在导光面1031的下游，并且透镜107可以配置成将从至少一个LED发出的光折射到与所述至少一个LED相对应的子照明区域内。根据示例性实施方式，如图3和图4中所示，透镜107的中央部可以与多个LED的整个照明区域的中央部对准。通过设置具有特定折射率的透镜，可以将相应LED发出光折射到对应的子照明区域内。
在一些实施方式中，前照灯10还可以包括安装有多个LED 101的散热器108，如图3和图4中所示。通过设置散热器，可以及时地对LED工作时所产生的热进行耗散，从而有助于延长LED的寿命。根据示例性实施方式，散热器108可以包括多个散热片1080。以此方式，通过增加多个散热片，可以进一步改善散热的均匀性，从而进一步延长LED的寿命。
根据本公开的示例性实施方式，还提供了一种车辆1，该车辆包括上述前照灯10和用于向该前照灯10供给电力的电力源。可以理解的是，本公开所提供的车辆1至少能够实现以上关于前照灯10所描述的各种优点。
在本公开的上下文中，术语“上”、“下”、“远”和“近”等方位术语的使用仅仅出于便于描述的目的，而不应视为是限制性的。虽然已经参照示例性实施方式对本公开进行了描述，但是应当理解，本公开并不局限于文中详细描述和示出的具体实施方式。在不偏离本公开的权利要求书所限定的范围的情况下，本领域技术人员可以对示例性实施方式做出各种改变。
在以上对本公开的示例性实施方式的描述中所提及和/或示出的特征可以以相同或类似的方式结合到一个或更多个其他实施方式中，与其他实施方式中的特征相组合或替代其他实施方式中的相应特征。这些经组合或替代所获得的技术方案也应当被视为包括在本公开的保护范围内。
工业实用性
本公开提供了一种前照灯以及包括该前照灯的车辆。前照灯包括：多个LED，每个LED能够独立地被打开及关闭且在被打开时能够照亮车辆前方的相应一个子照明区域；多个光电传感器，多个光电传感器与多个LED以一一对应的方式相匹配；以及接收来自多个光电传感器的电信号的控制器。每个光电传感器被构造成检测与匹配的LED相应的子照明区域内的前方车辆发出的光，并且在检测到前方车辆发出的光时向控制器发送电信号，控制器配置成：响应于接收到的来自光电传感器的电信号而将与发送电信号的光电传感器相匹配的LED关闭。根据本公开，能够实现无眩目照明功能，提升行车安全性，还能够有效降低无眩目照明技术的使用难度和生产成本，有助于无眩目照明技术的普及。
此外，可以理解的是，本公开所提供的前照灯和车辆是可以重现的，并且可以用在多种工业应用中。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种用于车辆(1)的前照灯(10)，所述前照灯(10)包括：
    多个LED(101)，所述多个LED(101)中的每个LED能够独立地被打开及关闭，并且每个LED在被打开时能够照亮所述车辆(1)前方的相应一个子照明区域；
    多个光电传感器(102)，所述多个光电传感器(102)与所述多个LED以一一对应的方式相匹配；以及
    控制器，所述控制器接收来自所述多个光电传感器(102)的电信号，
    其中，每个光电传感器被构造成检测与匹配的LED相应的子照明区域内的前方车辆(1’)发出的光，并且在检测到所述前方车辆(1’)发出的光时向所述控制器发送电信号，以及所述控制器配置成：响应于接收到的来自光电传感器的电信号而将与发送所述电信号的光电传感器相匹配的LED关闭。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的前照灯(10)，其中，所述前照灯包括具有导光面(1031)的导光构件(103)，所述导光面(1031)设置在所述导光构件(103)的第一端部处，并且光电传感器和匹配的LED布置在所述导光构件(103)的不同于所述第一端部的另外的端部处，所述前方车辆(1’)发出的光穿过所述导光面(1031)并经由所述导光构件(103)引导而到达光电传感器，并且所述LED发出的光经由所述导光构件(103)引导到达所述导光面(1031)并穿过所述导光面(1031)而照亮相应的子照明区域。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的前照灯(10)，其中，
    所述另外的端部为与所述第一端部相反的一体式端部；以及
    每个光电传感器和匹配的LED以彼此邻接的方式布置在所述导光构件(103)的所述一体式端部处。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的前照灯(10)，其中，
    所述另外的端部包括彼此分开的第二端部和第三端部，所述多个LED(101)和所述多个光电传感器(102)分别布置在所述第二端部和所述第三端部处；
    所述导光构件(103)包括初级光学元件(1032)和导光元件(1033)，所述初级光学元件(1032)包括多个第一分支部(10320)，所述多个第一分支部(10320)与布置在所述第二端部处的所述多个LED(101)以一一对应的方式相匹配，并且所述导光元件(1033)包括多个第二分支部(10330)，所述多个第二分支部(10330)与布置在所述第三端部处的所述多个光电传感器(102)以一一对应的方式相匹配；以及
    每个LED发出的光经由相匹配的第一分支部(10320)被引导至所述导光面(1031)并穿过所述导光面(1031)而照亮相应的子照明区域，以及所述前方车辆(1’)发出的光 穿过所述导光面(1031)并经由所述第二分支部(10330)引导而到达匹配的光电传感器。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的前照灯(10)，其中，所述导光元件(1033)与所述初级光学元件(1032)所形成的夹角在0度至90度的范围内。
  6. 根据权利要求2至5中的任一项所述的前照灯(10)，其中，每个光电传感器和匹配的LED在时间轴上以预定的占空比交替地工作。
  7. 根据权利要求2至5中的任一项所述的前照灯(10)，其中，每个光电传感器和匹配的LED在时间轴上分别以10％和90％的占空比交替地工作。
  8. 根据权利要求2至7中的任一项所述的前照灯(10)，其中，所述前照灯还包括透镜(107)，所述透镜在从所述多个LED发出的光的传播方向上设置在所述导光面(1031)的下游，并且所述透镜(107)配置成将从至少一个LED发出的光折射到与所述至少一个LED相对应的子照明区域内。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的前照灯(10)，其中，所述透镜(107)的中央部与所述多个LED的整个照明区域的中央部对准。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中的任一项所述的前照灯(10)，其中，所述前照灯(10)还包括安装有所述多个LED(101)的散热器(108)。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的前照灯(10)，其中，所述散热器(108)包括多个散热片(1080)。
  12. 一种车辆，其中，所述车辆包括根据权利要求1至11中的任一项所述的前照灯(10)以及用于向所述前照灯供给电力的电力源。
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