WO2023029720A1 - 发声装置的振膜及其发声装置 - Google Patents

发声装置的振膜及其发声装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023029720A1
WO2023029720A1 PCT/CN2022/103296 CN2022103296W WO2023029720A1 WO 2023029720 A1 WO2023029720 A1 WO 2023029720A1 CN 2022103296 W CN2022103296 W CN 2022103296W WO 2023029720 A1 WO2023029720 A1 WO 2023029720A1
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Prior art keywords
diaphragm
silicone rubber
modified silicone
generating device
sound generating
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PCT/CN2022/103296
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English (en)
French (fr)
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惠冰
凌风光
李春
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歌尔股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023029720A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023029720A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
    • C08J3/246—Intercrosslinking of at least two polymers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
    • H04R31/003—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor for diaphragms or their outer suspension
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2383/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2383/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2483/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2483/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/22—Expanded, porous or hollow particles
    • C08K7/24—Expanded, porous or hollow particles inorganic
    • C08K7/26—Silicon- containing compounds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electroacoustic technology, and more specifically, to a diaphragm of a sound generating device and a sound generating device using the diaphragm.
  • the diaphragm made of silicone rubber has also been applied in the field of speakers.
  • the modulus or hardness of silicone rubber is relatively low.
  • F0 resonance frequency
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a vibrating membrane of a sound generating device.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a sound generating device composed of the above diaphragm.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions.
  • the vibrating membrane of the sounding device includes at least one layer of modified silicone rubber film layer, the modified silicone rubber film layer is made of modified silicone rubber, and the modified Silicone rubber is prepared from a blend polymer of polydimethylsiloxane and polyhedral polysilsesquioxane (POSS) through a crosslinking reaction, wherein the molecular formula of the polyhedral polysilsesquioxane is (RSiO 3/2 ) n, the ratio of silicon atoms to oxygen atoms in the molecular formula is 2:3, n is a natural number, R in the molecular formula is the first group or a substituent of the first group, the The first group is H, alkyl, alkylene, epoxy, amino, vinyl, aryl or arylene.
  • PPS polyhedral polysilsesquioxane
  • the polyhedral silsesquioxane accounts for 0.5wt%-40wt% of the blend polymer.
  • the loss factor of the modified silicone rubber film layer is >0.1.
  • the tensile strength of the modified silicone rubber is 2MPa ⁇ 45MPa.
  • the tear strength of the modified silicone rubber is 15N/mm ⁇ 100N/mm.
  • the hardness of the modified silicone rubber is 35A-80A.
  • the room temperature storage modulus of the modified silicone rubber is 0.5 MPa-35 MPa.
  • the diaphragm is formed as a single-layer structure, and the diaphragm is composed of one layer of the modified silicone rubber film layer.
  • the diaphragm is formed into a composite layer structure, and the diaphragm includes at least one layer of the modified silicone rubber film layer.
  • the diaphragm further includes a film layer made of thermoplastic elastomer and/or engineering plastic
  • the thermoplastic elastomer is thermoplastic polyester elastomer, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, thermoplastic polyamide elastomer At least one of body and silicone elastomer
  • the engineering plastics are polyetheretherketone, polyarylate, polyetherimide, polyimide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyethylene naphthalate , at least one of polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate.
  • the sound generating device includes a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system matched with the vibration system, the vibration system includes a diaphragm and a voice coil combined on one side of the diaphragm, the The magnetic circuit system drives the voice coil to vibrate to drive the diaphragm to produce sound, and the diaphragm is the diaphragm according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • the sound generating device includes a casing, a magnetic circuit system and a vibration system arranged in the casing, the vibration system includes a voice coil, a first diaphragm and a second diaphragm, the The top of the voice coil is connected to the first diaphragm, the magnetic circuit system drives the voice coil to vibrate to drive the first diaphragm to produce sound, and the two ends of the second diaphragm are respectively connected to the housing and The bottom of the voice coil is connected, and the second diaphragm is the diaphragm according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • the vibrating membrane of the sounding device according to the embodiment of the present invention is prepared by using modified silicone rubber formed by blending and grafting polyhedral polysilsesquioxane with high steric hindrance in silicone rubber, and not only has silicone rubber
  • the excellent performance of the material not only improves the damping performance of the diaphragm, but also helps to reduce the polarization of the diaphragm during the vibration process and effectively reduces the distortion of the sound-generating device.
  • Fig. 1 is the test curve of the vibration displacement of different parts of the diaphragm of the sound generating device according to the embodiment of the present invention at different frequencies;
  • Fig. 2 is the test curve of the vibration displacement of different parts of the silicon rubber diaphragm of the sounding device in the prior art at different frequencies;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a sound generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is an exploded view of a sound generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Housing 10 Housing 10 ; voice coil 11 ; first diaphragm 12 ; second diaphragm 13 ; magnetic circuit system 14 .
  • the vibrating membrane comprises at least one layer of modified silicone rubber membrane layer, the modified silicone rubber membrane layer is made of modified silicone rubber, and the modified silicone rubber is made of polydimethylsiloxane
  • the blend polymer of alkane and polyhedral polysilsesquioxane is prepared by cross-linking reaction, wherein, the molecular formula of polyhedral polysilsesquioxane is (RSiO 3/2 )n, and in the molecular formula, the ratio between silicon atom and oxygen atom is The ratio is 2:3, n is a natural number, R in the molecular formula is the first group or the substituent of the first group, the first group is H, alkyl, alkylene, epoxy, amino, vinyl, Aryl or arylene.
  • the diaphragm of the sound generating device is composed of at least one modified silicone rubber film layer.
  • the diaphragm in the present invention can be formed into a single-layer structure, or can be formed into a multi-layer composite structure.
  • the vibrating membrane has a single-layer structure, that is, the vibrating membrane is made of one layer of the modified silicone rubber film layer of the present invention.
  • the vibrating membrane includes at least one modified silicon rubber film layer, and the modified silicon rubber film layer in the vibrating film is compounded with other material film layers.
  • two adjacent layers of modified silicon rubber film layers can be arranged at intervals, that is, between adjacent two layers of modified silicon rubber film layers Film layers of other materials can also be provided.
  • two adjacent layers of modified silicone rubber film layers can also be arranged in close contact, which can be selected according to actual use requirements, and the present invention does not specifically limit this.
  • the modified silicone rubber film layer is made of modified silicone rubber.
  • Modified silicone rubber can be formed by adding POSS (polyhedral polysilsesquioxane) with high steric hindrance to the silicone rubber for blending and grafting modification. Because the cage structure of POSS has a larger molecular space structure, it can increase the intermolecular force and steric hindrance of silicone rubber, thereby increasing the damping of the diaphragm material, which is beneficial to reduce the polarization during the vibration process, and can Reduced the distortion value of the acoustic mod.
  • POSS polyhedral polysilsesquioxane
  • modified silicone rubber of the present invention is a high damping silicone rubber.
  • the modified silicone rubber film layer of the vibrating membrane can be prepared by using high damping silicone rubber as the raw material, which can not only meet the requirements of high power, waterproof performance and high sound quality of the sound generating device, but also can effectively reduce the distortion of the sound generating device Performance, improve the sound quality of the sound generating device.
  • the modified silicon rubber film layer of the vibrating film of the present invention has higher damping, and can effectively suppress the polarization phenomenon in the process of vibration and sound generation of the vibration system, so that the vibration system The consistency is better.
  • the diaphragm may be a rectangular ring diaphragm.
  • the abscissa is frequency (Hz), and the ordinate is loudness displacement (mm). Points are taken at the edge position and the center position of the center of the diaphragm for testing respectively, and test curves of vibration displacements of different parts of the diaphragm at different frequencies are obtained.
  • the modified silicone rubber diaphragm of the present invention has a wide elastic region, and strain occurs in this region. After the external force is removed, the diaphragm material has excellent recovery and high damping. Among them, the swing vibration can be effectively reduced, and the stability of the sound quality of the sound generating device is improved.
  • the modified silicone rubber formed by blending and grafting POSS with high steric hindrance in the silicone rubber is used as a raw material to prepare the diaphragm, which not only has silicone rubber
  • the excellent performance of the material not only improves the damping performance of the diaphragm, but also helps reduce the polarization of the diaphragm during vibration.
  • the vibrating consistency of each part of the vibrating membrane of the present invention is better, and the distortion of the sounding device is effectively reduced while ensuring F0 is satisfied.
  • the polyhedral silsesquioxane accounts for 0.5wt%-40wt% of the polymer blend.
  • the content of polyhedral silsesquioxane accounts for 0.5wt%-40wt% of the blended polymer of polydimethylsiloxane and polyhedral polysilsesquioxane.
  • the damping value of the diaphragm material increases gradually, and the modified silicone rubber prepared by adding 0.5wt% to 40wt% of POSS in the blend polymer is used as the diaphragm material, which can simultaneously
  • the damping performance and elasticity of the membrane effectively ensure the excellent elasticity and damping performance of the diaphragm.
  • the polyhedral silsesquioxane content may be 0.5 wt%, 2 wt%, 5 wt%, 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt% or 40 wt%.
  • An effective steric hindrance effect cannot be formed in the joint structure, and the effect of improving damping cannot be achieved.
  • the amount of polyhedral polysilsesquioxane added is high, that is, the content of polyhedral polysilsesquioxane in the blend polymer is >40wt%, the high damping silicone rubber formed after crosslinking has a higher damping value , but its brittleness becomes larger and its resilience becomes worse. It is prepared into a diaphragm. During the long-term use of the diaphragm, the diaphragm is prone to problems such as membrane rupture, resulting in the module not being able to produce sound normally.
  • the formed high-damping silicone rubber can ensure good resilience and improve the damping performance of the diaphragm , effectively guarantee the acoustic performance of the sounding device.
  • the loss factor of the modified silicone rubber film layer is >0.1.
  • the loss factor of the modified silicone rubber film layer of the present invention is greater than 0.1 at room temperature.
  • the loss factor of the modified silicone rubber film layer is >0.12.
  • the loss factor of the modified silicone rubber film layer in the present invention can be the data obtained by using DMA temperature scanning mode, 1Hz vibration frequency, and 3°C/min heating rate, which can be matched with the thickness of the diaphragm, and can further optimize the thickness of the diaphragm. performance.
  • the higher the loss factor the better the damping property of the material.
  • the improvement of the damping property of the diaphragm material is beneficial to reduce the polarization during the vibration process, reduce product distortion, and improve the listening yield.
  • the loss factor may be 0.10, 0.11, 0.12, 0.14, 0.15, 0.16, 0.17, 0.18, 0.19, 0.2, or 0.21.
  • the modified silicone rubber of the present invention is in a highly elastic state at room temperature, the molecular chain is easy to move, and the intermolecular friction is large.
  • the loss factor of the modified silicone rubber film layer at room temperature can be greater than 0.1, which shows that the diaphragm has excellent performance. Excellent damping performance, the vibration system has a strong ability to suppress the polarization phenomenon during the vibration process, and the vibration consistency is good.
  • the tensile strength of the modified silicone rubber is 2 MPa-45 MPa.
  • the tear strength of the modified silicone rubber is 15N/mm-100N/mm.
  • the modified silicone rubber when the tensile strength of the modified silicone rubber is in the range of 2MPa to 45MPa, and the tear strength is in the range of 15N/mm to 100N/mm, the modified silicone rubber can have suitable mechanical properties.
  • the diaphragm during the use of the sound generating device, is not prone to reliability problems such as rupture of the diaphragm, effectively ensuring the reliability of the diaphragm.
  • the tensile strength of the modified silicone rubber can be 2MPa, 6MPa, 10MPa, 16MPa, 20MPa, 25MPa, 30MPa, 40MPa or 45MPa.
  • the tear strength of the modified silicone rubber can be 15N/mm, 30N/mm, 45N/mm, 50N/mm, 70N/mm, 90N/mm or 100N/mm.
  • the hardness of the modified silicone rubber is 35A-80A.
  • the room temperature storage modulus of the modified silicone rubber is 0.5MPa-35MPa.
  • the sound generating device may be a loudspeaker.
  • the loudspeaker includes a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system cooperating with the vibration system.
  • the vibration system includes the diaphragm provided by the invention.
  • the diaphragm can be a ring diaphragm or a flat diaphragm.
  • the loudspeaker with the vibrating membrane of the present invention has the advantages of good sounding effect, good durability and the like.
  • the F0 of the speaker is proportional to the Young's modulus and thickness (see formula 1 to formula 3), and the change of F0 can be realized by changing the thickness of the speaker diaphragm and the Young's modulus.
  • the specific adjustment principle is as follows:
  • Mms is the equivalent vibration mass of the speaker
  • Cms is the equivalent compliance of the speaker.
  • Cms1 is elastic wave compliance
  • Cms2 is diaphragm compliance
  • the equivalent compliance of the loudspeaker is the compliance of the diaphragm.
  • the F0 of the speaker is proportional to the modulus and thickness, and the modulus of rubber is proportional to its hardness, so the hardness can be used instead of its modulus.
  • the speaker should have sufficient stiffness and damping while the speaker has a low F0.
  • the size of the speaker F0 can be adjusted by adjusting the hardness and thickness of the speaker diaphragm.
  • the hardness of the diaphragm material is controlled within the range of 35A to 80A, and the storage modulus at room temperature is within the range of 0.5MPa to 35MPa, the F0 of the speaker can reach 500Hz to 1500Hz, so that the speaker has excellent low frequency performance.
  • the vibrating membrane is formed as a single-layer structure, and the vibrating membrane is composed of one layer of modified silicon rubber film layer. That is to say, the vibrating membrane can be a single-layer vibrating membrane, and the single-layer vibrating membrane is composed of a layer of modified silicone rubber film.
  • the diaphragm is formed into a composite layer structure, and the diaphragm includes at least one modified silicon rubber film layer.
  • the diaphragm can be a composite diaphragm with a composite layer structure, it can include one layer of modified silicone rubber film layer, or multiple layers of modified silicone rubber film layer, and the multi-layer modified silicone rubber film layers can be adjacently arranged before , can also be set at intervals, and the specific setting method can be selected according to the specific design requirements of the sounding device.
  • the composite diaphragm further includes a film layer made of thermoplastic elastomer and/or engineering plastic.
  • the thermoplastic elastomer may be at least one of thermoplastic polyester elastomer, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, thermoplastic polyamide elastomer and silicone elastomer.
  • Engineering plastics can be polyetheretherketone, polyarylate, polyetherimide, polyimide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyethylene naphthalate, polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene terephthalate At least one of butanediol phthalate.
  • the composite diaphragm when the diaphragm is a composite diaphragm, the composite diaphragm consists of a film layer made of thermoplastic elastomer and/or engineering plastic and a modified silicon rubber film layer.
  • thermoplastic elastomers and engineering plastics There are many choices of raw materials for thermoplastic elastomers and engineering plastics, which can be selected according to specific needs.
  • the composite diaphragm composed of a film layer made of thermoplastic elastomer and/or engineering plastic and a modified silicone rubber film layer has excellent mechanical properties. While ensuring a certain mechanical strength, it also has a high damping value.
  • the diaphragm of the sound generating device can not only ensure good resilience and improve the service life of the diaphragm, but also improve the damping performance of the diaphragm, thereby improving the stability of the sound quality of the sound generating device.
  • a method for preparing a diaphragm of a sounding device including the following steps: S1. Blending and modifying polydimethylsiloxane and polyhedral polysilsesquioxane to form a co- mixed polymers. S2. Cross-linking and molding the blended polymer to form a vibrating membrane.
  • high damping silicone rubber can be formed by blending polydimethylsiloxane and polyhedral polysilsesquioxane and carrying out crosslinking reaction.
  • high damping silicone rubber is in a high elastic state, and the molecular chain is relatively It is easy to move, has high internal friction resistance between molecules, and has excellent damping performance.
  • the modified silicone rubber film layer of the vibrating membrane can be prepared by using high damping silicone rubber as the raw material, which can not only meet the requirements of high power, waterproof performance and high sound quality of the sound generating device, but also can effectively reduce the distortion of the sound generating device Performance, improve the sound quality of the sound generating device.
  • the vibrating membrane provided by the present invention can form a sounding device of any structure, such as the following typical sounding device: comprising a vibrating system and a magnetic circuit system matched with the vibrating system, the vibrating system includes a vibrating membrane and a Voice coil on one side.
  • the voice coil can vibrate up and down under the action of the magnetic field force of the magnetic circuit system after the voice coil is energized to drive the vibration of the diaphragm, and the sound can be produced when the diaphragm vibrates.
  • the sound generating device includes a vibrating system and a magnetic circuit system matched with the vibrating system.
  • the vibrating system includes a diaphragm and a voice coil combined on one side of the diaphragm.
  • the magnetic circuit system drives the voice coil to vibrate to Drive the vibrating membrane to produce sound, and the vibrating membrane is the vibrating membrane of the above-mentioned embodiment.
  • the voice coil can vibrate up and down under the action of the magnetic field force of the magnetic circuit system after the voice coil is energized to drive the vibration of the diaphragm, and the sound can be produced when the diaphragm vibrates.
  • the sound generating device 100 may include a housing 10, a magnetic circuit system 14 and a vibration system disposed in the housing 10, and the vibration system may include a voice coil 11 , the first diaphragm 12 and the second diaphragm 13, the top of the voice coil 11 is connected to the first diaphragm 12, the magnetic circuit system 14 drives the voice coil 11 to vibrate to drive the first diaphragm 12 to sound, the second diaphragm 13 The two ends are connected to the bottom of the housing 10 and the voice coil 11 respectively.
  • the second diaphragm 13 may be the diaphragm in the above embodiments.
  • the first diaphragm 12 can be used to vibrate and produce sound
  • the second diaphragm 13 can be used to balance the vibration of the voice coil 11 .
  • the voice coil 11 can vibrate up and down under the action of the magnetic field force of the magnetic circuit system 14 after the voice coil 11 is energized to drive the first diaphragm 12 to vibrate.
  • the first diaphragm 12 vibrates Vocalization is possible.
  • the second diaphragm 13 can also vibrate up and down following the voice coil 11.
  • the second diaphragm 13 can balance the vibration of the voice coil 11 and prevent Polarization occurs in the voice coil 11 , so that the sounding effect of the sounding device 100 can be improved.
  • first diaphragm 12 and the second diaphragm 13 can adopt the diaphragm of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention at the same time, or one of the first diaphragm 12 and the second diaphragm 13 can adopt the present invention.
  • the diaphragm of the above embodiment is not specifically limited in the present invention.
  • the diaphragm of the sound generating device of the present invention will be specifically described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
  • Polydimethylsiloxane is used as the base polymer, and the vibrating film material is formed after cross-linking reaction, which is assembled into a product.
  • the polydimethylsiloxane formula is as follows:
  • Blend POSS polyhedral polysilsesquioxane
  • polydimethylsiloxane to form a blend polymer
  • POSS accounts for 0.5wt% of the blend polymer, form a diaphragm material after cross-linking reaction, and assemble into a product .
  • the polydimethylsiloxane formula is as follows:
  • POSS polyhedral polysilsesquioxane
  • polydimethylsiloxane are blended to form a blended polymer
  • POSS accounts for 10 wt% of the blended polymer
  • a diaphragm material is formed after a cross-linking reaction to be assembled into a product.
  • the polydimethylsiloxane formula is as follows:
  • POSS polyhedral polysilsesquioxane
  • polydimethylsiloxane are blended to form a blended polymer.
  • POSS accounts for 40 wt% of the blended polymer.
  • a diaphragm material is formed and assembled into a product.
  • the polydimethylsiloxane formula is as follows:
  • POSS polyhedral polysilsesquioxane
  • polydimethylsiloxane are blended to form a blended polymer.
  • POSS accounts for 45 wt% of the blended polymer.
  • a diaphragm material is formed and assembled into a product.
  • the polydimethylsiloxane formula is as follows:
  • Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 4 are diaphragms made of modified silicone rubber.
  • Table 1 is the addition amount of POSS in Comparative Example 1, Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 4.
  • Test indicators loss factor, rebound rate at 50% fixed elongation
  • Table 2 is the test result of the performance test of the diaphragms of Comparative Example 1, Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 4, reflecting the polyhedral polysilsesquioxane (POSS ) content on the loss factor of silicone rubber and the rebound rate at 50% modulus.
  • PES polyhedral polysilsesquioxane
  • the diaphragm material formed by polyhedral silsesquioxane accounting for 0.5wt% to 40wt% of the blended polymer can not only ensure that the diaphragm material has good resilience, but also is not easy to appear during the long-term use of the diaphragm. Problems such as membrane rupture can improve the service life of the diaphragm, and it has a higher damping value. During the vibration process, the vibration of the diaphragm is reduced, and the sound quality and listening stability are better.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种发声装置的振膜及其发声装置，发声装置的振膜包括至少一层改性硅橡胶膜层，改性硅橡胶膜层由改性硅橡胶制成，改性硅橡胶由聚二甲基硅氧烷和多面体聚倍半硅氧烷的共混聚合物经过交联反应制备而成，其中，多面体聚倍半硅氧烷的分子式为(RSiO 3/2)n，分子式中硅原子与氧原子之比为2：3，n为自然数，分子式中的R为第一基团或者第一基团的取代基，第一基团为H、烷基、亚烃基、环氧基、氨基、乙烯基、芳基或者亚芳基。本发明的振膜通过采用在硅橡胶中添加高空间位阻的多面体聚倍半硅氧烷进行共混接枝形成的改性硅橡胶为原料制备，不仅使振膜具有良好的回弹性，而且提高了振膜的阻尼性能，有利于减少偏振和降低失真。

Description

发声装置的振膜及其发声装置 技术领域
本发明涉及电声技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种发声装置的振膜及使用该振膜的发声装置。
背景技术
随着对扬声器的高功率化、防水性能以及高音质等要求的提高，硅橡胶材质的振膜在扬声器领域也得到了应用。然而，硅橡胶的模量或硬度相对较低，在满足与其它类型的振膜材质具有相同的F0(谐振频率)时，其阻尼性能较差，失真较高，难以满足扬声器的实际使用需求。
因此，需要一种新的技术方案，以解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于提供一种发声装置的振膜。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供上述振膜组成的发声装置。
为了实现以上目的，本发明提供了以下技术方案。
根据本发明第一方面实施例的发声装置的振膜，所述振膜包括至少一层改性硅橡胶膜层，所述改性硅橡胶膜层由改性硅橡胶制成，所述改性硅橡胶由聚二甲基硅氧烷和多面体聚倍半硅氧烷(POSS)的共混聚合物经过交联反应制备而成，其中，所述多面体聚倍半硅氧烷的分子式为(RSiO 3/2)n，所述分子式中硅原子与氧原子之比为2：3，n为自然数，所述分子式中的R为第一基团或者所述第一基团的取代基，所述第一基团为H、烷基、亚烃基、环氧基、氨基、乙烯基、芳基或者亚芳基。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述多面体倍半硅氧烷占所述共混聚合物的0.5wt％～40wt％。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述改性硅橡胶膜层的损耗因子＞0.1。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述改性硅橡胶的拉伸强度为2MPa～45MPa。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述改性硅橡胶的撕裂强度为15N/mm～100N/mm。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述改性硅橡胶的硬度为35A～80A。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述改性硅橡胶的室温储能模量为0.5MPa～35MPa。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述振膜形成为单层结构，所述振膜由一层所述改性硅橡胶膜层构成。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述振膜形成为复合层结构，所述振膜包括至少一层所述改性硅橡胶膜层。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述振膜还包括由热塑性弹性体和/或工程塑料制成的膜层，所述热塑性弹性体为热塑性聚酯弹性体、热塑性聚氨酯弹性体、热塑性聚酰胺弹性体和有机硅弹性体中的至少一种；所述工程塑料为聚醚醚酮、聚芳酯、聚醚酰亚胺、聚酰亚胺、聚苯硫醚、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯和聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯中的至少一种。
根据本发明第二方面实施例的发声装置，包括振动***以及与所述振动***相配合的磁路***，所述振动***包括振膜和结合在所述振膜一侧的音圈，所述磁路***驱动所述音圈振动以带动所述振膜发声，所述振膜为根据本发明上述实施例的所述振膜。
根据本发明第三方面实施例的发声装置，包括壳体以及设在所述壳体内的磁路***和振动***，所述振动***包括音圈、第一振膜和第二振膜，所述音圈的顶部与所述第一振膜相连，所述磁路***驱动所述音圈振动以带动所述第一振膜发声，所述第二振膜的两端分别与所述壳体和所述音圈的底部相连，所述第二振膜为根据本发明上述实施例的所述振膜。
根据本发明实施例的发声装置的振膜，通过采用在硅橡胶中添加高空间位阻的多面体聚倍半硅氧烷进行共混接枝形成的改性硅橡胶为原料制备，不仅具有硅橡胶材质所具有的优异性能，而且提高了振膜的阻尼性能，有利于减少振动过程中振膜的偏振，有效降低了发声装置的失真。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1为根据本发明实施例的发声装置的振膜的不同部位在不同频率下振动位移的测试曲线；
图2为现有技术中的发声装置的硅橡胶振膜的不同部位在不同频率下振动位移的测试曲线；
图3为根据本发明实施例的发声装置的结构示意图；
图4为根据本发明实施例的发声装置的***图。
附图标记
发声装置100；
壳体10；音圈11；第一振膜12；第二振膜13；磁路***14。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一 旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
下面结合附图具体描述根据本发明实施例的发声装置的振膜。
根据本发明实施例的发声装置的振膜，振膜包括至少一层改性硅橡胶膜层，改性硅橡胶膜层由改性硅橡胶制成，改性硅橡胶由聚二甲基硅氧烷和多面体聚倍半硅氧烷的共混聚合物经过交联反应制备而成，其中，多面体聚倍半硅氧烷的分子式为(RSiO 3/2)n，分子式中硅原子与氧原子之比为2：3，n为自然数，分子式中的R为第一基团或者第一基团的取代基，第一基团为H、烷基、亚烃基、环氧基、氨基、乙烯基、芳基或者亚芳基。
根据本发明实施例的发声装置的振膜由至少一层改性硅橡胶膜层构成。具体地，本发明中的振膜可以形成单层结构，也可以形成为多层复合结构。当振膜为单层结构时，即振膜由一层本发明的改性硅橡胶膜层制成。当振膜为多层复合结构时，振膜包括至少一层改性硅橡胶膜层，振膜中的改性硅橡胶膜层与其他材料的膜层复合而成。可选地，当振膜中含有多层改性硅橡胶膜层时，相邻的两层改性硅橡胶膜层之间可以间隔设置，即相邻的两层改性硅橡胶膜层之间也可以设置其他材料的膜层，当然相邻的两层改性硅橡胶膜层之间也可以贴合设置，可以根据实际的使用需求选择设置，本发明对此不作具体限制。
其中，改性硅橡胶膜层是由改性硅橡胶制成。通过在硅橡胶中添加高空间位阻的POSS(多面体聚倍半硅氧烷)进行共混接枝的改性方法能够形成改性硅橡胶。由于POSS的笼型结构具有较大的分子空间结构，可以使硅橡胶的分子间作用力和空间位阻增大，从而使得振膜材料的阻尼增大，有利于减少振动过程中的偏振，能够降低声学模组的失真值。
需要说明的是，本发明的改性硅橡胶为高阻尼硅橡胶。
具体地，将聚二甲基硅氧烷和多面体聚倍半硅氧烷进行共混并进行交联反应后能够形成高阻尼硅橡胶，室温下高阻尼硅橡胶处于高弹态，分子链较易于运动，分子间内摩擦阻力大，具有较优异的阻尼性能。进一步地，采用高阻尼硅橡胶为原料可以制备振膜的改性硅橡胶膜层，其不仅能够满足对发声装置的高功率化、防水性能以及高音质的要求，而且可以有效降低发声装置的失真性能，提升发声装置的音质。
需要说明的是，高分子聚合物的改性方法多种多样，总体上可划分为共混改性、填充改性、复合材料、化学改性和表面改性几大类。本发明中，将硅橡胶与多面体聚倍半硅氧烷进行共混改性，改性最为简便，工艺过程易于实施和调控。
相比较于现有技术中振膜的硅橡胶膜层，本发明的振膜的改性硅橡胶膜层具有更高的阻尼，在振动***振动发声的过程中能有效抑制偏振现象，使得振动***的一致性更佳。
如图1和图2所示，其中，振膜可以为矩形折环振膜。横坐标为频率(Hz),纵坐标为响度位移量(mm)。分别在振膜的中心部的边缘位置以及中心位置取点进行测试，得到振膜的不同部位在不同频率下振动位移的测试曲线。
如图1和图2所示，图1中的各个曲线更集中，而图2中的各个曲线较为分散。这表明，本发明的发声装置的振膜的各个部分的振动一致性更好，在振动过程中，振膜的摇摆少，音质和听音稳定性更加优良。
也就是说，本发明的改性硅橡胶振膜具有较宽的弹性区域，在该区域发生应变，将外力去除后，振膜材料具有优异的恢复性和较高的阻尼，振 膜在振动过程中，能够有效减少摇摆振动，提升了发声装置的音质的稳定性。
由此，根据本发明实施例的发声装置的振膜，通过采用在硅橡胶中添加高空间位阻的POSS进行共混接枝形成的改性硅橡胶为原料制备的振膜，不仅具有硅橡胶材质所具有的优异性能，而且提高了振膜的阻尼性能，有利于减少振动过程中振膜的偏振。本发明的振膜的各个部分的振动一致性更好，在能够保证满足F0的同时，有效降低了发声装置的失真。
根据本发明的一个实施例，多面体倍半硅氧烷占共混聚合物的0.5wt％～40wt％。
也就是说，多面体倍半硅氧烷的含量占聚二甲基硅氧烷和多面体聚倍半硅氧烷的共混聚合物的0.5wt％～40wt％。随着POSS含量的增加，振膜材料的阻尼值逐渐增大，通过采用添加占共混聚合物的0.5wt％～40wt％的POSS所制备的改性硅橡胶为振膜材料，可以同时兼顾振膜的阻尼性能和弹性，有效保证了振膜优良的弹性和阻尼性能。可选地，多面体倍半硅氧烷的含量可以是0.5wt％、2wt％、5wt％、10wt％、20wt％、30wt％或者40wt％。
其中，在聚二甲基硅氧烷中添加过少的多面体聚倍半硅氧烷，即在共混聚合物中的多面体倍半硅氧烷的含量＜0.5wt％，其在硅橡胶的交联结构中无法形成有效的位阻效应，达不到提高阻尼的效果。当多面体聚倍半硅氧烷的添加量较高时，即在共混聚合物中的多面体倍半硅氧烷的含量＞40wt％，其交联后形成的高阻尼硅橡胶具有较高阻尼值，但其脆性变大，回弹性变差。将其制备成振膜，在振膜的长期使用过程中，振膜易出现破膜等问题，造成模组不能正常发声。
由此，当多面体倍半硅氧烷的含量为占共混聚合物的0.5wt％～40wt％ 时，形成的高阻尼硅橡胶，能够保证良好的回弹性的同时，可以提升振膜的阻尼性能，有效地保证了发声装置的声学性能。
在本发明的一些具体实施方式中，改性硅橡胶膜层的损耗因子＞0.1。
也就是说，本发明的改性硅橡胶膜层在室温下的损耗因子大于0.1。优选地，改性硅橡胶膜层的损耗因子＞0.12。本发明中改性硅橡胶膜层的损耗因子可以是采用DMA温度扫描模式、1Hz振动频率、3℃/min升温速率得到的数据，其可以与振膜的厚度相配合，可以进一步优化振膜的性能。通常损耗因子越高，材料的阻尼性越好，振膜材料的阻尼性提升有利于减少振动过程中的偏振，降低产品失真，提升听音良率。例如，损耗因子可以为0.10、0.11、0.12、0.14、0.15、0.16、0.17、0.18、0.19、0.2或者0.21等。
其中，本发明的改性硅橡胶在室温下处于高弹态，分子链易于运动，分子间摩擦力大，改性硅橡胶膜层在室温下的损耗因子能够大于0.1，这表明振膜具有优异的阻尼性能，振动***在振动过程中可抑制偏振现象的能力强，振动一致性良好。
根据本发明的一个实施例，改性硅橡胶的拉伸强度为2MPa～45MPa。
根据本发明的一个实施例，改性硅橡胶的撕裂强度为15N/mm～100N/mm。
由此，改性硅橡胶的拉伸强度在2MPa～45MPa的范围内，撕裂强度在15N/mm～100N/mm的范围内时，改性硅橡胶能够具有合适的力学性能，由其制备的振膜，在发声装置的使用过程中，不易出现破膜等可靠性的问题，有效地保证振膜使用的可靠性。例如，改性硅橡胶的拉伸强度可以为2MPa、6MPa、10MPa、16MPa、20MPa、25MPa、30MPa、40MPa或者45MPa。改性硅橡胶的撕裂强度可以为15N/mm、30N/mm、45N/mm、50N/mm、70N/mm、90N/mm 或者100N/mm。
在本发明的一些具体实施方式中，改性硅橡胶的硬度为35A～80A。
根据本发明的一个实施例，改性硅橡胶的室温储能模量为0.5MPa～35MPa。
需要说明的是，发声装置可以是扬声器。该扬声器包括振动***和与振动***相互配合的磁路***。振动***包括本发明提供的振膜。振膜可以为折环振膜或者平板振膜。具有本发明的振膜的扬声器具有发声效果好、耐用性良好等优点。
其中，该扬声器的F0正比于杨氏模量和厚度(参见式1至式3)，可以通过改变扬声器振膜的厚度以及杨氏模量来实现F0的变化，具体调节原理如下：
Figure PCTCN2022103296-appb-000001
其中，Mms为扬声器的等效振动质量，Cms为扬声器的等效顺性。
Figure PCTCN2022103296-appb-000002
其中，Cms1为弹波顺性,Cms2为振膜顺性。无弹波设计时，扬声器的等效顺性即为振膜顺性。
Figure PCTCN2022103296-appb-000003
其中W为振膜的折环部的总宽度；t为膜片厚度；dvc为振膜音圈贴合外径；E为振膜材质的杨氏模量；u为振膜材质的泊松比。
可见，扬声器的F0正比于模量和厚度，而橡胶的模量正比于其硬度，因此可以使用硬度替代其模量。例如，当想要得到饱满的低音和舒适的听 感时，在扬声器具有较低的F0的同时，应使振膜具有足够的刚度和阻尼。由此，通过调节扬声器振膜的硬度以及厚度就能够调节扬声器F0的大小。当将振膜材料的硬度控制在35A～80A的范围内，室温储能模量在0.5MPa～35MPa的范围内时，扬声器的F0的能够达到500Hz～1500Hz，从而使得扬声器具有优良的低频性能。
根据本发明的一个实施例，振膜形成为单层结构，振膜由一层改性硅橡胶膜层构成。也就是说，振膜可以为单层振膜，单层振膜由一层改性硅橡胶膜层构成。
根据本发明的一个实施例，振膜形成为复合层结构，振膜包括至少一层改性硅橡胶膜层。当振膜可以为具有复合层结构的复合振膜，可以包括一层改性硅橡胶膜层，也可以包括多层改性硅橡胶膜层，多层改性硅橡胶膜层之前可以相邻设置，也可以间隔设置，具体设置方法可以根据发声装置的具体设计要求来选择。
在本发明的一些具体实施方式中，复合振膜还包括由热塑性弹性体和/或工程塑料制成的膜层。其中，热塑性弹性体可以为热塑性聚酯弹性体、热塑性聚氨酯弹性体、热塑性聚酰胺弹性体和有机硅弹性体中的至少一种。工程塑料可以为聚醚醚酮、聚芳酯、聚醚酰亚胺、聚酰亚胺、聚苯硫醚、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯和聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯中的至少一种。
也就是说，当振膜为复合振膜时，复合振膜由热塑性弹性体和/或工程塑料制成的膜层和改性硅橡胶膜层组成。热塑性弹性体和工程塑料的原料可以有多种选择，可以根据具体需求来选择。由热塑性弹性体和/或工程塑料制成的膜层和改性硅橡胶膜层组成的复合振膜具有优良的力学性能，在 能够保证一定机械强度的同时，还具有较高的阻尼值。
总而言之，根据本发明实施例的发声装置的振膜，不仅能够保证良好的回弹性，提高振膜的使用寿命，而且能够提高振膜的阻尼性能，从而提升了发声装置音质的稳定性。
根据本发明实施例还提供了一种发声装置的振膜的制备方法，包括以下步骤：S1、将聚二甲基硅氧烷和多面体聚倍半硅氧烷进行共混改性，以形成共混聚合物。S2、将共混聚合物进行交联成型，以形成振膜。
由此，通过将聚二甲基硅氧烷和多面体聚倍半硅氧烷进行共混并进行交联反应后能够形成高阻尼硅橡胶，室温下高阻尼硅橡胶处于高弹态，分子链较易于运动，分子间内摩擦阻力大，具有较优异的阻尼性能。进一步地，采用高阻尼硅橡胶为原料可以制备振膜的改性硅橡胶膜层，其不仅能够满足对发声装置的高功率化、防水性能以及高音质的要求，而且可以有效降低发声装置的失真性能，提升发声装置的音质。
需要说明的是，本发明提供的振膜可组成任意构造的发声装置，例如以下典型的发声装置：包括振动***和与振动***相配合的磁路***，振动***包括振膜和结合在振膜一侧的音圈。当发声装置工作时，音圈通电后在磁路***的磁场力的作用下，音圈可以上下振动以带动振膜振动，振膜振动时可以进行发声。
根据本发明第二方面实施例的发声装置，包括振动***以及与振动***相配合的磁路***，振动***包括振膜和结合在振膜一侧的音圈，磁路***驱动音圈振动以带动振膜发声，振膜为上述实施例的振膜。具体而言，当发声装置工作时，音圈通电后在磁路***的磁场力的作用下，音圈可以上下振动以带动振膜振动，振膜振动时可以进行发声。
如图3和图4所示，根据本发明第三方面实施例的发声装置100，可以包括壳体10以及设在壳体10内的磁路***14和振动***，振动***可以包括音圈11、第一振膜12和第二振膜13，音圈11的顶部与第一振膜12相连，磁路***14驱动音圈11振动以带动第一振膜12发声，第二振膜13的两端分别与壳体10和音圈11的底部相连。其中，第二振膜13可以为上述实施例中的振膜。
也就是说，第一振膜12可以用于振动发声，第二振膜13可以用于平衡音圈11的振动。具体而言，当发声装置100工作时，音圈11通电后在磁路***14的磁场力的作用下，音圈11可以上下振动以带动第一振膜12振动，第一振膜12振动时可以进行发声。第二振膜13也可以跟随音圈11上下振动，由于第二振膜13的两端分别与壳体10和音圈11的底部相连，第二振膜13可以平衡音圈11的振动，可以防止音圈11出现偏振的现象，从而可以提升发声装置100的发声效果。
需要进行说明的是，可以将第一振膜12和第二振膜13同时采用本发明上述实施例的振膜，也可以是第一振膜12和第二振膜13中的一个采用本发明上述实施例的振膜，本发明对此不作具体限制。
下面结合具体实施例对本发明的发声装置的振膜进行具体说明。
对比例一
采用聚二甲基硅氧烷为基础聚合物，交联反应后形成振膜材料，组装成产品。
聚二甲基硅氧烷配方如下：
按质量份计，聚二甲基硅氧烷100份；白炭黑15份～50份；硅氧烷偶联剂0.3份～1份；硫化剂0.5份～2份；催化剂0.1份～1.5份。
实施例一
将POSS(多面体聚倍半硅氧烷)与聚二甲基硅氧烷共混形成共混聚合物，POSS占共混聚合物的0.5wt％，交联反应后形成振膜材料，组装成产品。
聚二甲基硅氧烷配方如下：
按质量份计，聚二甲基硅氧烷100份；白炭黑15份～50份；硅氧烷偶联剂0.3份～1份；硫化剂0.5份～2份；催化剂0.1份～1.5份。
实施例二
将POSS(多面体聚倍半硅氧烷)与聚二甲基硅氧烷共混形成共混聚合物，POSS占共混聚合物的10wt％，交联反应后形成振膜材料，组装成产品。
聚二甲基硅氧烷配方如下：
按质量份计，聚二甲基硅氧烷100份；白炭黑15份～50份；硅氧烷偶联剂0.3份～1份；硫化剂0.5份～2份；催化剂0.1份～1.5份。
实施例三
将POSS(多面体聚倍半硅氧烷)与聚二甲基硅氧烷共混形成共混聚合物，POSS占共混聚合物的40wt％，交联反应后形成振膜材料，组装成产品。
聚二甲基硅氧烷配方如下：
按质量份计，聚二甲基硅氧烷100份；白炭黑15份～50份；硅氧烷偶联剂0.3份～1份；硫化剂0.5份～2份；催化剂0.1份～1.5份。
实施例四
将POSS(多面体聚倍半硅氧烷)与聚二甲基硅氧烷共混形成共混聚合物，POSS占共混聚合物的45wt％，交联反应后形成振膜材料，组装成产品。
聚二甲基硅氧烷配方如下：
按质量份计，聚二甲基硅氧烷100份；白炭黑15份～50份；硅氧烷偶联剂0.3份～1份；硫化剂0.5份～2份；催化剂0.1份～1.5份。
其中，实施例一、实施例二、实施例三和实施例四为改性硅橡胶制备的振膜。
如表一所示，表一为对比例一、实施例一、实施例二、实施例三和实施例四中POSS的添加量。
表一
Figure PCTCN2022103296-appb-000004
测试指标：损耗因子、定伸50％时的回弹率
如表二所示，表二为对对比例一、实施例一、实施例二、实施例三和实施例四的振膜进行性能测试的测试结果，体现了多面体聚倍半硅氧烷(POSS)含量对硅橡胶损耗因子及定伸应变50％时回弹率的影响。
从表二可以看出，由于对比例中未添加POSS，阻尼值低，其损耗因子最小，随着POSS含量的增加，阻尼增大，损耗因子逐渐增大，并具有良好的定伸回弹率，可以使得发生装置具有较好的瞬态响应和较低的失真。POSS含量为45wt％时，POSS含量超过了40wt％，其定伸回弹率下降至90％。
由此，多面体倍半硅氧烷占共混聚合物的0.5wt％～40wt％形成的振膜材料，不仅能够保证振膜材料具有良好的回弹性，在振膜的长期使用过程中，不易出现破膜等问题，提升振膜的使用寿命，而且其具有较高的阻尼值，在振动过程中，振膜的摇摆减少，音质和听音稳定性更加优良。
表二
Figure PCTCN2022103296-appb-000005
虽然已经通过例子对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种发声装置的振膜，其特征在于，所述振膜包括至少一层改性硅橡胶膜层，所述改性硅橡胶膜层由改性硅橡胶制成，所述改性硅橡胶由聚二甲基硅氧烷和多面体聚倍半硅氧烷的共混聚合物经过交联反应制备而成，
    其中，所述多面体聚倍半硅氧烷的分子式为(RSiO 3/2)n，所述分子式中硅原子与氧原子之比为2：3，n为自然数，所述分子式中的R为第一基团或者所述第一基团的取代基，所述第一基团为H、烷基、亚烃基、环氧基、氨基、乙烯基、芳基或者亚芳基。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置的振膜，其特征在于，所述多面体倍半硅氧烷占所述共混聚合物的0.5wt％～40wt％。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置的振膜，其特征在于，所述改性硅橡胶膜层的损耗因子＞0.1。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置的振膜，其特征在于，所述改性硅橡胶的拉伸强度为2MPa～45MPa。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置的振膜，其特征在于，所述改性橡胶的撕裂强度为15N/mm～100N/mm。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置的振膜，其特征在于，所述改性硅橡胶的硬度为35A～80A。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置的振膜，其特征在于，所述改性橡胶的室温储能模量为0.5MPa～35Mpa。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置的振膜，其特征在于，所述振膜形成为单层结构，所述振膜由一层所述改性硅橡胶膜层构成。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置的振膜，其特征在于，所述振膜形成为复合层结构，所述振膜包括至少一层所述改性硅橡胶膜层。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的发声装置的振膜，所述振膜还包括由热塑性弹性体和/或工程塑料制成的膜层，所述热塑性弹性体为热塑性聚酯弹性体、热塑性聚氨酯弹性体、热塑性聚酰胺弹性体和有机硅弹性体中的至少一种；所述工程塑料为聚醚醚酮、聚芳酯、聚醚酰亚胺、聚酰亚胺、聚苯硫 醚、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯和聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯中的至少一种。
  11. 一种发声装置，其特征在于，包括振动***以及与所述振动***相配合的磁路***，所述振动***包括振膜和结合在所述振膜一侧的音圈，所述磁路***驱动所述音圈振动以带动所述振膜发声，所述振膜为权利要求1-10中任一项所述的振膜。
  12. 一种发声装置，其特征在于，包括壳体以及设在所述壳体内的磁路***和振动***，所述振动***包括音圈、第一振膜和第二振膜，所述音圈的顶部与所述第一振膜相连，所述磁路***驱动所述音圈振动以带动所述第一振膜发声，所述第二振膜的两端分别与所述壳体和所述音圈的底部相连，所述第二振膜为权利要求1-10中任一项所述的振膜。
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