WO2023025106A1 - Light guide device, light source device, head-up display, and traffic equipment - Google Patents

Light guide device, light source device, head-up display, and traffic equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023025106A1
WO2023025106A1 PCT/CN2022/114026 CN2022114026W WO2023025106A1 WO 2023025106 A1 WO2023025106 A1 WO 2023025106A1 CN 2022114026 W CN2022114026 W CN 2022114026W WO 2023025106 A1 WO2023025106 A1 WO 2023025106A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
reflective
transflective
outcoupling
medium
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/114026
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
徐俊峰
吴慧军
方涛
Original Assignee
未来（北京）黑科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202121989856.8U external-priority patent/CN216748172U/en
Priority claimed from CN202110968864.2A external-priority patent/CN115712165A/en
Priority claimed from CN202121988084.6U external-priority patent/CN216927135U/en
Priority claimed from CN202110970433.XA external-priority patent/CN115712166A/en
Application filed by 未来（北京）黑科技有限公司 filed Critical 未来（北京）黑科技有限公司
Publication of WO2023025106A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023025106A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices

Definitions

  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a light guide device, a light source device, a head-up display and traffic equipment.
  • the head up display projects the image light from the image source (including vehicle information such as vehicle speed or other information) to the imaging window (imaging plate) or vehicle (such as a car) through a reflective optical design. on the windshield of the windshield, so that the user (such as the driver) can directly see the picture without looking down, avoiding the distraction caused by the user looking down at the instrument panel during driving, which improves the driving safety factor and also brings Better driving experience.
  • vehicle information such as vehicle speed or other information
  • vehicle such as a car
  • the present disclosure provides a light guide device, including: a plurality of light outcoupling parts, including a plurality of first light outcoupling parts, at least some of the first light outcoupling parts are configured to transmit to A part of the light of the first light out-coupling part exits the light guide device through one of reflection and transmission, and the other part of the light propagates to the first light out-coupling part through the other of reflection and transmission Continue to propagate in the light guide.
  • the number of reflectivity types of the plurality of first light outcoupling portions is smaller than the number of the plurality of first light outcoupling portions.
  • At least two of the first light outcoupling portions have the same reflectivity.
  • the first light out-coupling parts reflect at least part of the light incident on it out of the light guiding device, in this case, the light out-coupling can be reduced by the plurality of first light out-coupling parts having repeated reflectivity.
  • the number of transmittance types of the first light outcoupling portion is smaller than the number of the plurality of first light outcoupling portions.
  • the first light outcoupling portion transmits at least part of the light incident on it out of the light guiding device, in this case, the light outcoupling can be reduced by the repeated transmittance of the plurality of first light outcoupling portions.
  • At least two of the first light outcoupling portions have the same transmittance.
  • the plurality of first light outcoupling sections includes M light outcoupling groups; M is a positive integer greater than 0.
  • the plurality of first light outcoupling parts include light outcoupling parts provided with a reflective medium, at least some of the first light outcoupling parts are provided with A reflection medium with a reflectivity, in at least two first light outcoupling parts of the at least part of the first light outcoupling parts, the reflection medium with a first reflectivity accounts for the corresponding first light outcoupling part
  • the area ratios of the at least two first light outcoupling parts are different so that the reflectance or transmittance of the at least two first light outcoupling parts is different; and/or, the plurality of first light outcoupling parts include light outcoupling parts provided with reflective media
  • the reflective medium provided by at least one first optical coupling part includes at least two different reflectances or different transmittances, and the number of reflectance types or the type of transmittance of the reflective media provided by the plurality of first optical coupling parts The number is less than the number of the plurality of first light outcoupling parts; and/or the pluralit
  • the plurality of first light outcoupling parts are arranged in sequence and have the same inclination direction, and the plurality of the first light outcoupling parts with the same inclination direction
  • the first light outcoupling portion has a repeated light outcoupling ratio.
  • the plurality of first light outcoupling parts are arranged along the propagation direction of the light in the light guide device; and/or , along the arrangement direction of the plurality of first light outcoupling portions, the reflectivity of the plurality of first light outcoupling portions gradually increases regionally.
  • the light guide device includes a plurality of light output areas, and the plurality of first light outcoupling parts and the plurality of There is a one-to-one correspondence between the light exit regions, the plurality of light exit regions are configured to emit the light coupled out by the corresponding first light coupling part, and the intensity difference of the light emitted by any two light exit regions is not greater than that of any two light exit regions. 20% of the intensity of light emitted from one of the two light exit areas.
  • any two light exit regions do not overlap; or, at least two adjacent light exit regions overlap.
  • the light guide device further includes: a light guide medium configured to make light entering the light guide medium total reflection propagation and/or non-total reflection propagation; and/or, the light guide device includes a first light outcoupler array having a plurality of first light outcouplers, and the light guide device further includes: a second light An array of outcouplers, including a plurality of second light outcouplers among the plurality of light outcouplers, at least some of the plurality of second light outcouplers are configured to be partially transmissive and partially reflected to propagate to all The light from the second optical coupling output part, so that part of the light exits the light guide device, and the other part of the light continues to propagate in the light guide device; wherein, the first optical coupler The output array and the second optical output array are sequentially arranged in the arrangement direction of the plurality of first optical output units; or, the first optical output array and the second optical
  • the light guiding device includes a first light guiding element and a second light guiding element, and the light entering the light guiding device The light is transmitted to the second light guide element through the first light guide element, the second light guide element includes a first light outcoupler array with the plurality of first light outcouplers, and the first light outcoupler
  • a light guide element includes a medium configured to transmit the light and at least one reflective surface configured to reflect the light incident on the first light guide element at least once so that the light transmitted to the second light guiding element.
  • the medium includes a gas or a transparent substrate, and the medium and at least part of the at least one reflective surface are independent of each other Or, the medium includes at least part of the at least one reflective surface; and/or, the light guide device further includes: a light conversion part, the light conversion part includes a polarization splitting element and a polarization conversion structure, the The polarization beam-splitting element is configured to split the light directed towards the polarization beam-splitting element into first polarized light and second polarized light; converting the second polarized light into third polarized light, the third polarized light having the same polarization state as the first polarized light, wherein the second light guiding element is configured to transmit the first polarized light and The third polarized light; and/or, the at least one reflective surface includes at least two sub-reflective surfaces, the divergence angle of the light incident on the first light guide element is
  • the plurality of first light outcoupling parts include M light outcoupling groups; wherein, the M light outcoupling groups Each of the at least one optical out-coupling group of the out-coupling group includes at least two first optical out-coupling parts with a preset reflectivity, and the first optical out-coupling parts located in different optical out-coupling groups
  • the reflectance of the parts is different, and M is a positive integer greater than 1; or each of the at least one light outgroup of the M light outgroups includes at least two first light outgroups with a preset transmittance
  • An optical coupling part, and the transmittance of the first optical coupling part located in different optical coupling groups is different, M is a positive integer greater than 1; or at least one optical coupling group of the M optical coupling groups
  • Each light outcoupling group in includes at least two first light outcoupling parts with the same reflectivity, and M is a positive integer greater than 0.
  • the M light out-coupling groups include a first light out-coupling group and a second light out-coupling group, and the The reflectivity of the first light outcoupler in the first light outcoupler group is greater than the reflectivity of the first light outcoupler in the second light outcoupler group, and the first light outcoupler in the first light outgroup
  • the number of optocouplers is not greater than the number of first optocouplers in the second optocoupler group; and/or, the M optocoupler groups include a third optocoupler group, and the third optocoupler
  • the reflectance of the first optical outcoupler in the output group is greater than the reflectance of the first optical outcouplers in the other optical outgroups, and the third optical outgroup includes only one first optical outcoupler.
  • the at least two first light outcoupling parts located in the same light outcoupling group are located along the light at the and/or, the inclination directions of the at least two first light outcoupling parts in the same light outcoupling group are the same.
  • the plurality of first light outcoupling parts include first light outcoupling parts provided with a reflective medium, at least partially The first optical coupling part is provided with a reflective medium with a first reflectivity, and among at least two first optical coupling parts of the at least part of the first optical coupling part, the reflective medium with the first reflectivity occupies Correspondingly, the area ratios of the first light outcoupling parts are different so that the reflectances of the at least two first light outcoupling parts are different.
  • the plurality of first light outcoupling parts include first light outcoupling parts provided with a reflective medium, at least one The reflective medium provided in the first optical outcoupling part includes at least two different reflectivities.
  • the areas of the plurality of first light outcoupling parts are the same, and the reflections provided by the same first light outcoupling part
  • the medium is a reflective medium with the same reflectivity; or, the reflective medium provided for each of the first optical outcouplers in the plurality of first optical outcouplers is the reflective medium with the first reflectivity; Alternatively, the reflectivity of the first light outcoupling portion is positively correlated with the area of the reflective medium on which it is disposed.
  • the plurality of first light outcoupling parts include at least two first light outcoupling groups, and the at least two At least one of the first light out-coupling groups includes at least two first light out-coupling parts, and at least two of the first light out-coupling parts in the same first light out-coupling group
  • the reflective media are reflective media with the same reflectivity, and the reflective media provided by the first optical coupling parts located in different first optical coupling groups are reflective media with different reflectivity.
  • the reflective media occupy The area ratios of the corresponding first light outcoupling parts are the same; or, in the first light outcoupling group including at least two first light outcoupling parts, the reflectivity of the first light outcoupling parts is the same as that set The area of the reflective medium is positively correlated.
  • the reflective medium provided for each first light outcoupling part Including at least two kinds of reflective media with different reflectivity, in different first light outcoupling parts, the area ratio of one kind of reflective medium with the first reflectivity to the corresponding first light outcoupling part is different, so that The reflectivity of different first optical coupling parts is different; or, in at least two first optical coupling parts, the reflective medium provided for each first optical coupling part includes at least two kinds of reflective media with different reflectances, The reflectivity of different first optical coupling parts is different; in different first optical coupling parts, the area ratio of the reflective medium to the surface of the corresponding first optical coupling part is the same, or, different first optical coupling parts In the out-coupling parts, the area ratio of the reflective medium to the surface of the corresponding first light out-coupling part is different.
  • part of the first light outcoupling part further includes a blank area, and the blank area includes the first light coupler The region where the reflective medium is not provided in the output part; or, the reflective medium in each of the first light outcouplers in part of the first light outcoupler is evenly distributed; or, at least one first light outcoupler
  • the reflective medium provided in the part includes a layer of reflective film; or, the reflective medium provided in at least one first light outcoupling part includes a stacked multilayer reflective film, and the multilayer reflective film includes tantalum pentoxide, Multiples of titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium fluoride, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, and aluminum fluoride; or, at least two of the at least part of the first optical coupling part In one first optical outcoupling part, the reflective medium with the same reflectivity occupies a different area ratio of the first optical coupling part
  • the light outcoupling portion is a transflective element.
  • the reflectance of the first light outcoupling portion with the largest reflectance among the plurality of first light outcoupling portions is not greater than Less than 90%.
  • the plurality of first light outcoupling parts are arranged in sequence and have the same inclination direction, and at least two of the first light outcoupling parts Both have a preset transmittance.
  • a light source device comprising: a light source part; and the above-mentioned light guide device, wherein light emitted by the light source part enters the light guide device.
  • the light source device further includes: a diffusion structure, located on the light output side of the light guide device, configured to diffuse the light output by the light guide device; and/or the light source part includes a light source and a reflector A light guide structure, the reflective light guide structure is configured to adjust the light emitted by the light source to a predetermined divergence angle, and the angle range of the predetermined divergence angle is within 40 degrees.
  • a head-up display comprising: a display device including: a display panel and the aforementioned light source device; and a reflective imaging unit configured to reflect light emitted from the display device to the viewing area of the head-up display; or, the head-up display includes: a reflective imaging part and the aforementioned light guide device, wherein the reflective imaging part is configured to reflect the light emitted by the light guide device to the observation area of the head-up display; or, the head-up display includes: a reflective imaging part and the light source device as described above, wherein the reflective imaging part is configured to reflect the light emitted by the light source device to the The viewing area of the head-up display described above.
  • a transportation device comprising: the aforementioned light guide device, or the aforementioned light source device, or the aforementioned head-up display.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 5 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 6 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 7 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a light source device provided according to the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a display device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIGS. 11A to 11H are schematic diagrams of a partial planar structure of a transflective element provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B are schematic diagrams of a partial planar structure of a transflective element provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B are schematic diagrams of a partial planar structure of a transflective element provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B are schematic diagrams of a partial planar structure of a transflective element provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 15 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 16 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a display device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 17 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a head-up display provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 18 is an exemplary block diagram of a transportation device provided according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the inventors of the present application found that, for a light guide element using a transflective element array as an outcoupling element, the reflectivity of the transflective element array changes gradually and is different from each other. For example, along the propagation direction of the light in the light guide element, the reflectivity of the multiple transflective elements in the transflective element array increases gradually.
  • the number of transflective elements can be 8, and the reflectivity of the 8 transflective elements can be respectively set to 1/8, 1/7, 1/6, 1/5, 1/4, 1/3, 1/2 and 1, each transflective element is equipped with a reflective film with different reflectivity, then 8 transflective elements can be equipped with 8 kinds of reflective films with different reflectivity . Therefore, for the same light guide element, many kinds of transreflective elements with different reflectivity are often required, and each transflective element needs to be processed and designed, which increases the cost.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a light guide device, a light source device, a head-up display, and traffic equipment.
  • the light guide device includes: a plurality of light outcoupling parts, including a plurality of first light outcoupling parts, at least part of the plurality of first light outcoupling parts is configured to A part exits the light guide device through one of reflection and transmission, and the other part of the light propagating to the first light outcoupling part continues to propagate in the light guide device through the other of reflection and transmission, wherein the plurality of first lights
  • the number of reflectance types or the number of transmittance types of the outcoupling parts is smaller than the number of the plurality of first light outcoupling parts; or, the reflectance or transmittance of the at least two first light outcoupling parts is the same.
  • the above-mentioned “same reflectance or transmittance” includes but is not limited to absolutely the same reflectance or transmittance, but can be within a certain error range, that is, the reflectance is the same within a certain error range, and the transmittance The rates are the same within a certain margin of error.
  • the plurality of first optical out-coupling sections include M optical out-coupling groups; each optical out-coupling group in at least one of the M optical out-coupling groups includes at least one optical out-coupling group with the same reflectivity
  • M is a positive integer greater than 0, for example, M is equal to 1 or is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the same reflectivity of different first optical coupling parts is called repeated reflectivity, and "the reflectivity of the at least two first optical coupling parts is the same" means that the repeated reflectivity can be one Or multiple (the multiple repeated reflectances have different reflectances); when the repeated reflectance is one, a plurality of first light outcoupling parts include one light outcoupling group, that is, M is equal to 1 at this time; Correspondingly, M is greater than 1 when there are multiple repeating reflectances.
  • each of at least one of the M optical out-coupling groups includes at least two first optical out-coupling sections with a preset reflectivity, and are located at different optical out-coupling sections.
  • the reflectances of the first light outcoupling parts of the group are different, and M is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the repeating transmittance can be 1 or more.
  • Each of at least one of the M optical out-coupling groups includes at least two first optical out-coupling parts with a preset transmittance, and the first optical couplers located in different optical out-coupling groups The transmittance of the outlet is different, and M is a positive integer equal to 1 or greater than 1.
  • all of the plurality of light outcoupling parts are transflective elements, or part of the plurality of light outcoupling parts are transflective elements and part are reflective elements, or part of the plurality of light outcoupling parts are transflective elements And some of them are transmissive parts, or the plurality of light outcoupling parts can be other types of light outcoupling parts.
  • a transflective element may be used as an example for description; for ease of description, a light outcoupling portion with a reflectivity of 0 or 1 may also be referred to as a transflective element.
  • the plurality of first light outcoupling portions may be arranged inclined or non-inclined toward the same direction relative to the arrangement direction of the plurality of first light outcoupling portions.
  • the light guiding device includes a first transflective element array
  • the first transflective element array includes a plurality of first transflective elements
  • the first transflective elements are configured to reflect a part of light propagating to the first transflective elements
  • the multiple first transreflective elements include M transreflective element groups, and each transreflective element group in at least one transreflective element group includes at least two first transreflective elements with preset reflectivity, and is located at different transflective elements.
  • the reflectivity of the first transflective elements in the element group is different, and M is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • M is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • at least two transflective elements have a preset reflectivity (for example, the preset reflectivity can be the same reflectivity)
  • the types of transflective films required by the first transflective element array can be reduced, which is beneficial to reduce the cost of the light guide device.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the first transreflective element array 0100 includes a plurality of first transreflective elements 0110, at least some of the first transreflective elements 0110 are configured to reflect and One of the transmissions exits the light guide device, and the other part of the light propagating to the first transflective element 0110 continues to propagate in the light guide device through the other of reflection and transmission.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure schematically shows that at least part of the first transflective element 0110 in the transflective element array 0100 is configured to reflect a part of the light propagating to the first transflective element 0110 out of the light guiding device, and transmit part of the light The other part allows the part of the light to continue to propagate in the light guiding device.
  • at least some of the first transflective elements in the array of transflective elements are configured to transmit a part of the light propagating to the first transflective element out of the light guiding device, and reflect another part of the light to Make this part of the light continue to propagate in the light guiding device.
  • the first transflective element array can be used as the light outcoupling part of the light guide device to couple the light propagating in the light guide device to a region.
  • the first transflective element may include a dot structure arranged on the light-emitting surface of the light guide device, and a part of the light may be transmitted out of the light guide device by the dot structure by destroying the reflection angle of the light propagating through total reflection in the light guide device. , a part of the light can be reflected by the dot structure to continue to propagate in the light guide device.
  • a plurality of first transreflective elements 0110 includes M transreflective element groups 011, and each transflective element group 011 in at least one transreflective element group 011 includes at least two second transflective elements with preset reflectivity.
  • a transflective element 0110 , and the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 located in different transflective element groups 011 is different, and M is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 includes M transflective element groups 011, and each transflective element group 011 in at least one transreflective element group 011 includes at least two first transreflective elements 0110 with the same reflectivity, and is located at The reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 of different transflective element groups 011 is different, and M is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the above-mentioned "same reflectance” may include completely the same reflectance and approximately the same reflectance.
  • “approximately the same reflectance” means that the ratio of any two reflectances is 0.8-1.2, or 0.9-1.1, or 0.95-1.05.
  • At least two transflective elements have the same reflectivity, which can reduce the number of transflective films required by the first transflective element array. types, which is beneficial to reduce the cost of the light guide device.
  • the at least two first transreflective elements 0110 with preset reflectivity may be at least two first transreflective elements 0110 with the same reflectivity.
  • a transreflective element farthest from the light-incident side of the plurality of transreflective elements may have a reflectivity of more than 95%, or a transmittance of less than 5%, for example, the transflective element may only Reflect light.
  • the number of a plurality of first transreflective elements 0110 can be N, and the types of reflectivity included in N first transreflective elements 0110 are less than N types, thereby reducing the number of first transflective element arrays.
  • the type of the required transflective film is beneficial to reduce the cost of the light guide device.
  • the plurality of first light outcoupling portions are arranged along the propagation direction of the light in the light guiding device.
  • a plurality of first transflective elements 0110 are arranged along the propagation direction of light in the light guide device.
  • the reflectivity of the plurality of first light outcoupling portions gradually increases regionally.
  • the reflectivity of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 gradually increases regionally.
  • direction of propagation of light in the light guide device can refer to the overall (macroscopic) direction of light propagation, for example, the direction of light propagation in the light guide device refers to the same direction as the arrow in the X direction as shown in Figure 1, At least part of the light entering the light guide device (for example, light with a certain divergence angle, or almost all light rays) can be propagated through total reflection in the light guide device, and/or can also be propagated through non-total reflection. Embodiments of the present disclosure There is no limit to this.
  • non-total reflection propagation here means that the propagation of light in the light guide device is a reflection mode other than total reflection, which may not satisfy the total reflection condition, for example, the incident angle on the surface of the light guide device is less than the total reflection critical Angle, for example, the main direction of the light incident to the light guide device or the main optical axis propagation direction of the light incident to the light guide device is a direction parallel to a straight line, for example, it can be parallel to the X direction, and some light rays continue after specular reflection spread.
  • Parallel in the embodiments of the present disclosure includes completely parallel and approximately parallel, completely parallel means that the angle between any two is 0°, approximately parallel means that the angle between any two is not greater than 20°, for example, not greater than 10 °, for example not greater than 5°.
  • the above-mentioned regional increasing gradually may refer to: dividing a plurality of first transflective elements into two or more regions (one region may refer to one group of transflective elements, but not limited thereto, one region may also be Including two adjacent groups of transflective elements or more than two groups of transflective elements), the reflectivity of the transflective elements in the above-mentioned different regions is different and generally tends to increase gradually.
  • each transflective element group includes at least two first transflective elements.
  • the reflectance of the first light out-coupling portion with the highest reflectance among the plurality of first light out-coupling portions is not less than 90%.
  • the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 with the highest reflectivity is not less than 90%.
  • the light guide device includes a light-incident side
  • the first transflective element 0110 farthest from the light-incident side may be the first transflective element 0110 with the highest reflectivity
  • the transflective element 0110 has a transflective surface that is incident on The reflectivity of light on it is not less than 92%, or not less than 95%, or not less than 98%, if the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 is close to or almost 100%, the first transflective element 0110 can Almost all the light incident on its transflective surface is reflected out of the light guiding device.
  • the light guide device includes a plurality of light output areas, and the plurality of first optical coupling parts correspond to the plurality of light output areas one by one. out of the light.
  • the light guide device includes a plurality of light exit areas 010, and a plurality of first transflective elements 0110 correspond one-to-one to the plurality of light exit areas 010, and the plurality of light exit areas 010 (for example, each light exit area) is configured to emit light reflected by the corresponding first transflective element 0110 .
  • the light guide device includes a plurality of light exit regions, and the plurality of first transflective elements correspond to the plurality of light exit regions, and the plurality of light exit regions (for example, each light exit region) are configured to emit the corresponding first transmissive elements.
  • the light transmitted by the reflective element is configured to emit the corresponding first transmissive elements.
  • the light guiding device further includes: a light guiding medium configured to make light rays entering the light guiding medium propagate through total reflection and/or non-total reflection.
  • the light guide device includes a light guide medium 123, for example, the light guide medium 123 includes a transparent material, for example, the light guide medium 123 can be a transparent substrate made of transparent materials such as resin, glass or plastic, and the transparent substrate It is configured to transmit the light entering the light guide medium 123 through total reflection and/or non-total reflection transmission.
  • the light guiding medium 123 includes gas, such as air.
  • non-total reflection propagation refers to the propagation of light (such as light with a small divergence angle) in the light guide medium 123 in a way other than total reflection, for example, light can propagate in the light guide medium 123 and non-reflection (such as no reflection on the interface between the light guide medium 123 and the air); or, light (such as light with a larger divergence angle) may also reflect and propagate in a non-total reflection mode, for example, it may not Satisfy the total reflection condition, for example, when reflection occurs on the interface between the light guide medium 123 and the air (or other medium), the reflection angle is less than the critical angle of total reflection, it can be considered that the light does not or rarely propagates through total reflection in the light guide medium .
  • the main direction of the light incident to the light guide medium or the main optical axis propagation direction of the light incident to the light guide medium is a direction parallel to a straight line, for example, it can be parallel to the X direction, and some light rays continue to propagate after specular reflection .
  • total reflection propagation may mean that the reflection angle of the light (for example, the light with a large divergence angle and satisfying the total reflection condition) on the interface between the light guide medium 123 and the air (or other medium) is not less than The critical angle for total reflection.
  • the critical angle for total reflection For example, most of the light incident on the light-guiding medium propagates through total reflection. For example, a part of the light incident on the light guide medium hardly reflects and propagates in the light guide medium along a straight line, while another part of the light rays continues to propagate after total reflection.
  • the light guiding medium 123 is made of a material that can realize a waveguide function, and is generally a transparent material with a refractive index greater than 1.
  • the material of the light-guiding medium 123 may include one or more of silicon dioxide, lithium niobate, silicon-on-insulator (SOI, Silicon-on-insulator), polymer, III-V semiconductor compound, and glass.
  • the light guide medium 123 may be a planar substrate, a stripe substrate, a ridge substrate, and the like.
  • the light guide medium adopts a planar substrate to form a uniform surface light source.
  • the first transflective element 0110 can be disposed in the light guide medium 123 by plating or cladding.
  • the light guide medium 123 can be divided into a plurality of cylinders with a parallelogram in cross-section (for example, the cylinders can be parallelepipeds), and the first transflective element 0110 is arranged between the spliced cylinders, that is, adjacent
  • the medium between the transflective elements 0110 may be the light guiding medium 123 .
  • the light guide medium 123 includes a plurality of waveguide sub-mediums arranged along the X direction and attached to each other.
  • the first transflective element 0110 is interposed between adjacent waveguide sub-mediums.
  • the first transflective element 0110 is configured to couple the part of the light out of the light guide device by breaking the total reflection condition of the part of the light by reflection.
  • the first transflective element array can be fixed by a support plate, glue, etc., so that the weight of the light guide device can be reduced, and the practicability is strong.
  • the above-mentioned light exit area 010 guides the area on the light exit surface of the light medium 123, and the area where the light reflected by one first transflective element 0110 exits from the light exit surface of the light guide medium 123 is one Lighting area 010.
  • the above-mentioned light-emitting surface may be a solid surface, such as a surface of a transparent substrate.
  • the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 include a light exit side (for example, with the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 shown in FIG. 4 being away from the first light guide element
  • One side of 110 is its light-emitting side as an example, the edge of the side of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 away from the first light guide element 110 may be located in the same plane), and the edges of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 on the light-emitting side
  • the edge can be located in the same plane (the plane perpendicular to the Y direction), the above-mentioned light exit area 010 can be the area on the plane, and the area where the light reflected by a first transflective element 0110 emerges from the plane is a light exit area 010 .
  • the plane where the above-mentioned light exit area is located may be a non-substantial virtual plane.
  • the light guiding device includes a first light guiding element and a second light guiding element, and light entering the light guiding device is transmitted to the second light guiding element through the first light guiding element.
  • the second light guiding element includes a first light out-coupling section array having a plurality of first light out-coupling sections.
  • the second light guiding element includes a first array of transflective elements.
  • the first light guide element includes a medium configured to transmit light and at least one reflective surface configured to reflect light incident to the first light guide element at least once so that the light propagates to the second light guide element .
  • the medium includes gas or a transparent substrate, and the medium and at least part of the at least one reflective surface are independent structures; or the medium includes at least part of the at least one reflective surface.
  • any two light exit regions 010 do not overlap (for example, contact); or, at least two adjacent light exit regions 010 overlap.
  • the orthographic projections of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 on a plane perpendicular to the Y direction do not overlap, and any two light exit regions 010 do not overlap.
  • the orthographic projections of at least two adjacent first transflective elements 0110 on a plane perpendicular to the Y direction overlap, and the corresponding light exit areas 010 of the at least two adjacent first transflective elements 0110 overlap.
  • the intensity difference of the light emitted by any two light exit regions is not greater than 20% of the intensity of the light emitted by one of the arbitrary two light exit regions.
  • the difference in the intensity of light emitted by any two light exit regions 010 is not greater than 20% of the intensity of light emitted by one of the light exit regions 010 .
  • the above "intensity" may refer to brightness, luminous flux, illuminance or light intensity.
  • the intensity difference of the light emitted by any two light exit regions 010 is not greater than 15% of the intensity of the light emitted by one of the light exit regions 010 .
  • the intensity difference of the light emitted by any two light exit regions 010 is not greater than 10% of the intensity of the light emitted by one of the light exit regions 010 .
  • the intensity difference of the light emitted by any two light exit regions 010 is not greater than 5% of the intensity of the light emitted by one of the light exit regions 010 .
  • the brightness difference between any two light exit areas 010 is within the range of -20%.
  • the reflectivity of at least part of the first transflective elements so that the intensity difference of the light emitted by any two light exit regions is not greater than the intensity difference of the light emitted by one of the light exit regions 20% of the intensity is beneficial to improve the uniformity of light emitted from the light guide device.
  • the at least two first light outcoupling parts in the same light outcoupling group are arranged adjacently along the propagation direction of the light in the light guide device.
  • the first transflective elements 0110 in the same transflective element group 011 are adjacently arranged along the propagation direction of the light in the light guide device.
  • a transreflective element group includes two first transreflective elements 0110 , and the two first transreflective elements 0110 may be transreflective elements adjacent to each other.
  • a transflective element group includes more than three first transreflective elements 0110, these three or more first transreflective elements 0110 are arranged in sequence, and any two first transreflective elements 0110 are not set to belong to other transflective element groups 011 of the first transflective element 0110.
  • the number of multiple first transflective elements 0110 can be N (for example, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2), for example, 8, and each of the M groups of first transflective elements 0110
  • the first transflective elements 0110 included in the groups have the same reflectance, and the reflectances of the first transflective elements 0110 in any two groups of the M groups are different.
  • M can be 5, and along the propagation direction of the light in the light guide device, the reflectivity of a plurality of first transflective elements 0110 can be sequentially set to 1/8, 1/8, 1/6 , 1/6, 1/4, 1/4, 1/2 and 1, at this time, the number of a set of first transflective elements 0110 is one or two.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the number of a group of first transflective elements may be three or more, which may be set according to actual product requirements.
  • the M optical output groups include a first optical output group and a second optical output group, and the reflectivity of the first optical output part in the first optical output group is greater than that of the second optical output group.
  • the reflectivity of the first light outcouplers in the group, and the number of the first light outcouplers in the first light outcoupler group is not greater than the number of the first light outcouplers in the second light outcoupler group.
  • the M transreflective element groups 011 include the first transreflective element group 011-1 and the second transreflective element group 011-2, and the first transflective element group 011-1 in the first transreflective element group 011-1
  • the reflectivity of the reflective elements 0110 is greater than the reflectivity of the first transflective elements 0110 in the second transflective element group 011-2, and the number of the first transflective elements 0110 in the first transflective element group 011-1 is not greater than that of the first transflective element group 011-1.
  • the quantity of the first transflective element 0110 in the second transflective element group 011-2 is not greater than that of the first transflective element group 011-1.
  • the reflectance of the first transflective element 0110 in the first transflective element group 011-1 is 1/6 above, and the reflectance of the first transflective element 0110 in the second transflective element group 011-2 is above 1/6. 1/8, the number of the first transreflective elements 0110 in the first transreflective element group 011-1 may be equal to the number of the first transreflective elements 0110 in the second transreflective element group 011-2.
  • the reflectance of the first transflective element 0110 in the first transflective element group 011-1 is 1/2 above, and the reflectance of the first transflective element 0110 in the second transflective element group 011-2 is above 1/2. 1/4, the number of the first transreflective elements 0110 in the first transreflective element group 011-1 may be less than the number of the first transreflective elements 0110 in the second transreflective element group 011-2.
  • the number of first transflective elements 0110 included in the transflective element group 011 may be reduced regionally along the propagation direction of light in the light guide device.
  • the number of first transflective elements 0110 in the transflective element group 011 closest to the light incident side of the light guide device is the largest, and the first transreflective element group 011 in the transflective element group 011 farthest from the light incident side of the light guide device
  • the number of elements 0110 is the least, and the number of the first transflective elements 0110 in the transflective element group 011 located between the above two transflective element groups 011 can be located between the above two numbers, or a larger value than the above number
  • the number of transflective element groups 011 located between the above two transflective element groups 011 can be multiple, and the number of the first transflective element 0110 in these transflective element groups 011 can be the same or different ;
  • the M optical output groups include a third optical output group, and the reflectivity of the first optical output part in the third optical output group is greater than that of the first optical output parts in other optical output groups. part, and the third light out-coupling group includes only one first light out-coupling part.
  • the M transreflective element groups 011 include a third transreflective element group 011-3, and the reflectivity of the first transreflective element 0110 in the third transreflective element group 011-3 is greater than that of other transflective elements.
  • the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 in the element group 011, and the third transflective element group 011-3 includes only one first transreflective element 0110.
  • the third transflective element group 011-3 is the transflective element group 011 farthest from the light incident side of the light guide device, and the first transflective element group 0110 in the transflective element group 011
  • the reflectivity is not less than 90%.
  • the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 in the transflective element group 011 to the light incident on it is not less than 92%, or not less than 95%, or not less than 98%, such as the transflective
  • the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 in the element group 011 is close to or almost 100%, that is, the first transflective element 0110 can reflect almost all the incident light to the light guide device.
  • the plurality of first light outcoupling portions are arranged in sequence and have the same inclination direction, and at least two first light outcoupling portions have preset reflectivity.
  • the plurality of first light outcoupling portions are arranged in sequence and have the same inclination direction, so that the light output directions of the plurality of first light outcoupling portions are the same.
  • the inclination directions of the at least two first light outcoupling parts in the same light outcoupling group are the same.
  • the inclination directions of the first transreflective elements 0110 in the same transreflective element group 011 are the same.
  • the aforementioned “inclined direction” may refer to the inclined direction of the first transreflective element relative to the Y direction. For example, taking the direction indicated by the arrow in the X direction as an example, the first transreflective element located in the same transflective element group 011 0110 Lean to the right.
  • the inclination directions of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 may all be the same, or may have a certain error range, for example, an error range of 0°-10°.
  • the tilting direction may be tilting to the right or tilting to the left.
  • the same inclination direction may mean that the at least two first light outcoupling portions are both inclined to the right, or the at least two first light outcoupler portions are both inclined to the left.
  • the first transflective elements 0110 in the same transflective element group 011 are arranged in parallel.
  • any two of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 are arranged parallel to each other.
  • the above-mentioned "parallel arrangement" may include strictly parallel and approximately parallel, strictly parallel means that the angle between any two is 0°, approximately parallel means that the angle between any two is not greater than 20°, for example, not greater than 10°, for example, not greater than 5°.
  • the light emitted from the light guiding device can be parallel light or nearly parallel light, such as collimated light; the consistency of the collimated light is better, which can improve the utilization rate of light.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and some of the multiple first transflective elements may also be arranged non-parallel, so as to achieve convergence or divergence of light emitted from the light guide device.
  • the light guiding device includes a first light out-coupling array having a plurality of first light out-coupling parts.
  • the light guiding device further includes: an array of second light outcouplers, including a plurality of second light outcouplers in the plurality of light outcouplers, at least part of the plurality of second light outcouplers is configured to be partially transmissive and Partially reflect the light transmitted to the second light coupling part, so that part of the light exits the light guiding device, and the other part of the light continues to propagate in the light guiding device.
  • the first light out-coupling part is a first transflective element
  • the first light out-coupling part array is a first transflective element array
  • the second light out-coupling part is a second transflective element
  • the second light out-coupling part array is the second transflective element array.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the light guide device further includes a second transflective element array 0200, the second transflective element array 0200 includes a plurality of second transflective elements 0120, at least part of the plurality of second transflective elements 0120 is configured It is to partially transmit and partially reflect the light transmitted to the second transflective element 0120, so that a part of the light exits the light guide device, and another part of the light continues to propagate in the light guide device.
  • the first array of optical outcouplers overlaps with the second array of optical outcouplers in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the plurality of first optical outcouplers.
  • the first transflective element array 0100 and the second transflective element array 0200 are in the direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first transflective element 0110 , that is, in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the light guide medium 123
  • the direction (the Y direction shown in FIG. 2 ) partially overlaps, for example, the first transflective element array 0100 and the second transflective element array 0200 can be arranged along the Y direction shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the light guiding device includes a first part P1 and a second part P2 arranged along the Y direction, the first part P1 includes a first transflective element array 0100, and the light propagating in the first part P1 is captured by the first The transflective element array 0100 is coupled out of the first part P1; the second part P2 includes the second transflective element array 0200, and the light propagating in the second part P2 is coupled out of the second part P2 by the second transflective element array 0200.
  • the light coupled from the first transflective element array 0100 will pass through the second part P2 (the part of the light coupled from the first transflective element array 0100 passing through the second part P2 is a transparent material) After that, it exits from the light guide device.
  • the light coupled out from the first transflective element array 0100 will exit from the light guide device after passing through the second part P2 without the second transflective element array 0200.
  • the light coupled out of the element array 0100 may also pass through the second transflective element array 0200 of the second part P2, and exit from the light guiding device.
  • the first transflective element array 0100 and the second transflective element array 0200 are at least connected or partially overlapped.
  • the light guide device can be provided with light sources on both sides of the X direction, and the light emitted by the light source arranged on one side is incident to the light guide device from the left side of the light guide device, and is transmitted by the first transflective device.
  • the element array 0100 is coupled out; the light emitted by the light source disposed on the right side of the light guide device only propagates in the second part P2 and is coupled out by the second transflective element array 0200 .
  • the light emitted by the light sources on both sides will be gradually homogenized when propagating in the corresponding light guide part (the first part P1 or the second part P2 ) before exiting through the transflective element array, which improves the light uniformity.
  • the light sources are arranged on both sides of the light guide device, which is beneficial to heat dissipation.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and the first transflective element array and the second transflective element array may overlap in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the first transflective element 0110 .
  • the plurality of second transreflective elements include M′ transreflective element groups, and each transflective element group in at least one transreflective element group includes at least two second transreflective elements with the same reflectivity and located in different
  • the reflectivity of the second transflective element in the transflective element group is different, and M' is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the above-mentioned "same reflectance” may include completely the same reflectance and approximately the same reflectance.
  • “approximately the same reflectance” means that the ratio of any two reflectances is 0.8-1.2, or 0.9-1.1, or 0.95-1.05.
  • the type is beneficial to reduce the cost of the light guide device.
  • the number of multiple second transflective elements can be N' (for example, N' is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2), and the types of reflectivity included in N' second transflective elements are less than N 'kinds, thereby reducing the types of transflective films needed for the second transflective element array, which is beneficial to reducing the cost of the light guide device.
  • a plurality of second transflective elements are arranged along the propagation direction of the light in the light guide device, along the arrangement direction of the plurality of second transflective elements, the reflectivity of the plurality of second transflective elements is gradually increased regionally.
  • the above-mentioned regionally increasing gradually may refer to: dividing a plurality of second transflective elements into two or more regions (one region may refer to one group of transflective elements, but it is not limited thereto, one region may also be Including two adjacent groups of transflective elements or more than two groups of transflective elements), the reflectivity of the transflective elements in the above-mentioned different regions is different and generally tends to increase gradually.
  • each transflective element group includes at least two second transreflective elements.
  • the reflectance of the second transflective element with the highest reflectance among the plurality of second transflective elements is not less than 90%.
  • the light guide device includes a light-incident side, and the second transflective element farthest from the light-incident side may be the second transflective element with the highest reflectivity, and the transflective surface of the second transflective element is incident on it.
  • the reflectivity of light is not less than 92%, or not less than 95%, or not less than 98%, if the reflectivity of the second transflective element is close to or almost 100%, the second transflective element can The light on the reverse side is almost entirely reflected out of the light guide.
  • the second transreflective element in the embodiment of the present disclosure may have the same properties as the above-mentioned first transreflective element, for example, the reflective medium provided in the first transflective element may be applied to the second transflective element.
  • the two arrays of transflective elements may be mirror-symmetrical.
  • the types of reflective media in the two transflective element arrays can be arranged mirror-symmetrically.
  • the first array of optical outcouplers and the second array of optical outcouplers are sequentially arranged along the arrangement direction of the plurality of first optical outcouplers.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the difference between the light guiding device shown in FIG. 3 and the light guiding device shown in FIG. 2 is that the first transflective element array 0100 and the second transflective element array 0200 are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the light guiding medium 123 (such as the X direction). ) does not overlap.
  • the first transflective element array 0100 and the second transflective element array 0200 are arranged along the X direction.
  • a light guiding device comprising: a plurality of first light outcoupling parts, at least some of the plurality of first light outcoupling parts are configured to transmit light to the first A part of the light from the outcoupling part exits the light guide device through one of reflection and transmission, and the other part of the light propagating to the first light outcoupling part continues to pass through the light guide through the other of reflection and transmission. Propagation in an optical device, wherein, the number of transmittance types of the first light out-coupling parts is smaller than the number of the plurality of first light out-coupling parts; or, the transmittance of at least two of the first light out-coupling parts same.
  • the plurality of first light outcoupling portions are arranged in sequence and have the same inclination direction, and at least two first light outcoupling portions have preset transmittances.
  • the plurality of first light outcoupling portions are arranged in sequence along the first direction and have a first included angle with respect to the first direction.
  • the first angle is non-zero or zero.
  • the light guide device includes: the transflective element array 0100 shown in FIG. A part of the light propagating to the transflective element 0110 exits the light guide device through one of reflection and transmission, and the other part of the light propagating to the transflective element 0110 continues to propagate in the light guide device through the other of reflection and transmission.
  • a plurality of transreflective elements 0110 includes M transreflective element groups 011 shown in FIG.
  • the elements 0110, and the transmittances of the transflective elements 0110 located in different transflective element groups 011 are different, and M is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • at least two transreflective elements 0110 with preset transmittance may be at least two transreflective elements 0110 with the same transmittance.
  • at least two transflective elements have the same transmittance, which can reduce the types of transflective films required by the transflective element array, which is beneficial Reduce the cost of the light guide.
  • the characteristics of the transmittance of the transflective element in this example can be regarded as a simple replacement of the reflectance characteristics of the transflective element in any of the above examples, such as the variation trend of the transmittance of the transflective element in this example can be compared with any of the above examples
  • the reflectivity of the transflective element in is opposite, that is, it can be understood that a transflective element with a reflectivity of 80% is equivalent to (or regarded as) a transflective element with a transmittance of 20% (only the reflection and reflection of the transflective element are considered here.
  • Transmittance performance does not involve absorption characteristics.
  • the reflectivity and transmittance of transflective elements generally show the opposite trend.
  • the absorbance of transflective elements is 5%, and the reflectivity and transmittance of transflective elements The sum can be 95%, which still shows the opposite trend, and one of them can be used to obtain the other).
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the light guide device includes a first light guide element 110 and a second light guide element 120, the light entering the light guide device is transmitted to the second light guide element 120 through the first light guide element 110, and the second light guide element
  • the element 120 includes a first transflective element array 0100
  • the first light guide element 110 includes a medium 111 configured to propagate light and reflective structures 112 (hereinafter referred to as first reflective structures 112) located on at least two sides of the medium 111
  • the second A reflective structure 112 is configured to reflect the light incident on the first light guide element 110 at least once so as to transmit the light to the second light guide element 120 .
  • the first reflective structure 112 is configured to reflect the light incident on the first light guide element 110 multiple times to improve the uniformity of the light emitted from the first light guide element 110 .
  • the light emitted from the light source may be uneven in brightness (for example, the light emitted by a light-emitting diode (LED) is bright in the center and dark around it), so when the light is coupled out from the light guide device, it is prone to poor uniformity.
  • the uniformity of light emitted from the light guide device can be improved by arranging a first light guide element including a medium and a first reflection structure.
  • the first reflective structure 112 may be located on both sides of the medium 111 in the Y direction to reflect light propagating in the XY plane.
  • the first reflective structure 112 may further include a portion located on at least one side of the medium 111 in a direction perpendicular to the XY plane, so as to reflect light incident on this portion.
  • the first reflective structure 112 may surround the medium 111 .
  • the first reflective structure 112 may be provided at other positions of the medium 111 except the light-incident side and the light-outside thereof.
  • the first reflective structure 112 may be an element with relatively high reflectivity (for example, the reflectivity is greater than 70%, 80%, 90% or 95%), may be an integral element, for example may be a polished metal piece, may include Polished parts of metal materials such as aluminum, copper or silver, or metal alloy materials.
  • the first reflective structure 112 can also be plated or coated on a substrate (such as glass, plastic, etc.) Metal reflective surface or dielectric film (film formed by stacking metal oxide, metal nitride, inorganic fluoride, etc.), such as aluminum, silver or copper plated reflective surface.
  • a substrate such as glass, plastic, etc.
  • Metal reflective surface or dielectric film film formed by stacking metal oxide, metal nitride, inorganic fluoride, etc.
  • the surface of the first reflective structure 112 facing the medium 111 may be coated with a high reflectivity film, such as an ESR film (Enhanced Specular Reflector).
  • the first reflective structure 112 is a non-light-transmitting structure, and the light incident on the first reflective structure 112 undergoes specular reflection instead of total reflection on the reflective surface of the first reflective structure 112 .
  • the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 are independent structures.
  • the above "independent structures" means that the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 are not integrated structures, nor are they made of the same material, but there is no limitation on whether the first reflective structure 112 is in contact with the medium 111 or not.
  • the medium 111 may include the reflective surface of the above-mentioned first reflective structure.
  • the reflective surface of the first reflective structure 112 can be integrated with the medium 111.
  • the light propagates in the medium 111 through a total reflection path (at least part of the light propagates through total reflection), and the first reflective structure 112 can be considered as the inner surface of the medium 111 The light rays are totally reflected at the inner surface of the medium 111.
  • the medium 111 has similar structure and properties to the above-mentioned light guiding medium 123 .
  • the medium 111 may include a transparent substrate.
  • the refractive index of the transparent substrate is greater than 1.
  • non-total reflection of light may propagate in the transparent substrate, but not limited thereto.
  • part of the light rays propagating in the transparent substrate may propagate along the X direction shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the medium 111 includes a transparent substrate, the light propagating in the medium 111 may be propagated by total reflection or non-total reflection, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the reflective surface of the first reflective structure 112 may be in contact with the surface of the medium 111 .
  • the first reflective structure 112 may be a reflective film plated or pasted on the surface of the medium 111 .
  • the shape of the transparent substrate can be a cubic structure, such as one of a cube, a cuboid or a parallelepiped, and the first reflective structure 112 can be arranged on at least two surfaces of the cubic structure, for example, the at least two surfaces include each other Two opposing surfaces, for example, two surfaces opposing each other in the Y direction shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the optical path of the light propagating in the medium can be increased, which is beneficial to further improve the uniformity of the light.
  • the at least one reflective surface includes at least two sub-reflective surfaces.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the medium 111 in the light guiding device includes air.
  • the first reflective structure 112 includes at least two sub-reflective surfaces 1120, and a cavity 1121 is included between the at least two sub-reflective surfaces 1120.
  • the air in the cavity 1121 can be the medium 111 for propagating light, and the cavity 1121 Create a space for light to pass through.
  • the medium of the first light guide element includes air
  • the first reflective structure of the first light guide element reflects light in a non-total reflection manner, and the light guide device has an even light effect on the propagating light. At the same time, it is also beneficial to reduce its weight and improve its practicality.
  • the at least two sub-reflective surfaces include two sub-reflective surfaces opposite to each other.
  • the first reflective structure 110 includes two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 opposite to each other.
  • the two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 may be opposite to each other in the Y direction shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , They may face each other in a direction perpendicular to the XY plane, or may face each other in another direction perpendicular to the X direction.
  • the above two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 facing each other may be two sub-reflective surfaces that are independent of each other with a gap in the middle, or two sub-reflective surfaces that are connected by a connecting portion located outside the medium. This is not limited.
  • two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other are arranged in parallel.
  • the light guide device includes a first light guide element 110 and a second light guide element 120, the light entering the light guide device is transmitted to the second light guide element 120 through the first light guide element 110, and the second light guide element 120 includes multiple Each transflective element, the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are sequentially arranged in the arrangement direction of the multiple transflective elements or stacked in the direction perpendicular to the multiple transflective elements.
  • the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are stacked in a direction perpendicular to a plurality of transflective elements, and can also be considered to be stacked along the direction in which the transflective elements emit light.
  • the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 can also be arranged sequentially in the arrangement direction of a plurality of transflective elements, such as arranged left and right along the X direction in the figure.
  • a plurality of transflective elements such as arranged left and right along the X direction in the figure.
  • at least one of the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 extends along the first direction (that is, the X direction shown in the figure), for example, the first light guide element 110
  • Both the second light guiding element 120 and the second light guiding element 120 extend along the first direction.
  • the first light guiding element 110 and the second light guiding element 120 overlap.
  • the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are separate structures, that is, the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are not integrally formed.
  • an air gap may be provided between the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 , or an adhesive layer may be provided to stick them together.
  • the length of the first light guide element 110 in the first direction is smaller than the length of the second light guide element 120 in the first direction, so that the second light guide element 120 includes the second light guide element 120 in the first direction.
  • the light source device when the light guide device shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 is applied to a light source device, the light source device includes a light guide device and a light source part, and the light source part can be arranged with the first light guide element along the first direction, and in the Y direction
  • the light source part overlaps with the first sub-part of the second light guide element 120, so that part of the space not provided with the first light guide element 110 can be used to reduce the size of the light source device, which is beneficial to the application of the product.
  • the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are separate structures, that is, the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are not integrally formed.
  • the two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 facing each other in the first reflective structure 110 are not parallel.
  • the divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 is ⁇ .
  • the divergence angle is currently a more general standard for measuring the light beam angle.
  • ⁇ /2 is the angle between the luminous direction and the optical axis when the luminous intensity value is half of the axial intensity value; or, ⁇ /2 can also be the luminous The angle between the light emitting direction and the optical axis when the intensity value is 60% or 80% of the radial intensity value.
  • the divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 may be 40°.
  • the divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 may be 20°.
  • the divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 may be 10°.
  • the angle between the two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is greater than 0° and less than or equal to ⁇ .
  • the angle between the two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is less than or equal to 40°.
  • the angle between the two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is less than or equal to 30°.
  • the angle between the two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is less than or equal to 20°.
  • the angle between the two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is less than or equal to 10°.
  • the first light guide element 110 includes a light incident side and a light exit side. From the light incident side toward the light exit side, the distance between two opposing sub-reflective surfaces 1120 increases gradually.
  • the second light guide element 120 includes a surface extending along the first direction, and one of the two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 opposite to each other of the first reflective structure 112 may be parallel to the surface of the second light guide element 120 .
  • one of the two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 opposite to each other that is close to the second light guide element 120 may be parallel to the surface of the second light guide element 120 .
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and the two sub-reflection surfaces opposite to each other may not be parallel to the surface of the second light guide element.
  • the two sub-reflective surfaces facing each other are set to be non-parallel, and the angle between them is less than or equal to ⁇ , which is beneficial to reduce the distance between at least a part of the two sub-reflective surfaces, that is, to reduce Thinning the thickness of the first reflective structure is beneficial to increase the number of reflections of light in the first reflective structure and improve the uniform light effect of the first light guide element.
  • the number of reflections of light in the first reflective structure can also be increased, which is beneficial to improving the homogenization effect of light at large angles.
  • the first light guide element 110 further includes a reflective structure 113 (hereinafter referred to as a third reflective structure 113 ), configured to reflect light propagating in the first light guide element 110 into the The second light guiding element 120 .
  • the third reflective structure 113 is located on the light exit side of the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 to reflect the light emitted from the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 into the second light guide element 120 .
  • the third reflective structure 113 may be attached to the medium 111 or integrally formed with the medium 111 .
  • the third reflective structure 113 may include a reflective surface, which may be an element with relatively high reflectivity, and reflect the light transmitted from the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 to the second light guide element 120 through specular reflection.
  • the reflective surface may be a metal reflective surface, such as a reflective surface plated with aluminum, silver or copper.
  • the third reflective structure 113 may include a prism, and the light propagated from the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 may be totally reflected on the surface of the prism and directed to the second light guide element 120 .
  • the prism may be a triangular prism structure. For example, when the light passes through the prism, it will be refracted at the interface between the prism and air or other media (such as the second light guide element or optical glue, etc.), and the refracted light will be deflected towards the central area of the light guide device, which is beneficial to improve Light utilization.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the light guiding device further includes a light conversion part 200
  • the light conversion part 200 includes a polarization splitting element 210 and a polarization conversion structure 220 .
  • the polarization beam splitting element 210 is configured to split the light incident on the polarization beam splitting element 210 into first polarized light and second polarized light.
  • the light directed toward the polarization splitting element 210 includes light with different polarization states, such as natural light, which can be considered as the sum of many light waves with all possible vibration directions.
  • the polarization beam splitting element 210 may have the property of transmitting light of one polarization state and reflecting light of another polarization state, and the polarization beam splitting element 210 may realize beam splitting by utilizing the above-mentioned transflective property.
  • Other structures in the light guide device provided in this example, except the light converting portion 200, may have the same features as the corresponding structures in any example shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 2 , which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows that the light conversion part is located on the light incident side of the first light guide element of the light guide structure, but not limited thereto, the light conversion part may also be located on the light output side of the first light guide element.
  • the polarization beam splitting element 210 may be a polarization beam splitter prism (PBS, Polarization Beam Splitter).
  • the polarizing beam splitting element 210 may include a transflective film, which realizes beam splitting by transmitting part of light and reflecting another part of light.
  • the transmittance of the transflective film to one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light in the light emitted by the light source part is greater than its transmittance to the other, and the transmittance to the first polarized light in the light emitted by the light source part
  • the reflectivity of one of the second polarized light and the second polarized light is greater than the reflectivity of the other.
  • the transmittance of the polarization beam splitting element for the first polarized light is greater than the transmittance of the second polarized light
  • the reflectance of the polarization beam splitting element for the second polarized light is greater than the reflectance of the first polarized light.
  • the first polarized light and the second polarized light are interchangeable.
  • the first polarized light and the second polarized light may both be linearly polarized light, and the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light are different, for example, the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light are perpendicular.
  • first polarized light and the second polarized light may both be circularly polarized or elliptically polarized, and the first polarized light and the second polarized light have different rotations.
  • the transmittance of the polarization splitting element 210 to the first polarized light is about 20%-95%, for example, the transmittance may be 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 95%.
  • the reflectivity of the polarization splitting element 210 for the second polarized light is about 20%-95%, for example, the reflectivity may be 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 95%.
  • the transmitted light includes P-polarized light
  • the reflected light includes S-polarized light
  • the transmitted light includes S-polarized light
  • the reflected light includes P-polarized light.
  • one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light is S polarized light
  • the other of the first polarized light and the second polarized light is P polarized light.
  • the transflective film included in the polarizing beam splitting element 210 may be an optical film with a polarized transflective function, such as an optical film that can split unpolarized light into two mutually orthogonal polarized lights through transmission and reflection, such as The beam can be split into two linearly polarized lights whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other; the above-mentioned optical film can be composed of multiple layers with different refractive indices according to a certain stacking sequence, and the thickness of each layer is about 10-1000nm.
  • the material of the film layer can be selected from inorganic dielectric materials, such as metal oxides, inorganic fluorides, metal oxynitrides and metal nitrides; polymer materials can also be selected, such as polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene.
  • inorganic dielectric materials such as metal oxides, inorganic fluorides, metal oxynitrides and metal nitrides
  • polymer materials can also be selected, such as polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene.
  • the polarization conversion structure 220 is configured to convert the second polarized light obtained by the polarization splitting element 210 into a third polarized light, and the third polarized light has the same polarization state as the first polarized light.
  • the third polarized light may be linearly polarized light, and the polarization direction of the third polarized light is the same as that of the first polarized light.
  • the third polarized light may be circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light, and the sense of rotation of the third polarized light is the same as that of the first polarized light.
  • the third polarized light has the same polarization state as the first polarized light may mean that the two are basically the same without considering factors such as the conversion efficiency of the polarization conversion structure, for example, both are linearly polarized lights with the same polarization direction , or circularly or elliptically polarized light with the same hand direction.
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows that the polarization conversion structure 220 can be located on the side where the polarization splitting element 210 transmits light.
  • the light transmitted by the polarization conversion structure 220 includes the second polarized light
  • the light reflected by the polarization conversion structure 220 includes the second polarization A polarized light
  • the polarization conversion structure can also be located on the side of the light reflected by the polarization splitting element, at this time, the light transmitted by the polarization conversion structure includes the first polarized light, and the light reflected by the polarization conversion structure includes the second polarized light .
  • the second polarized light can be converted into the third polarized light only once through the polarization conversion structure 220 , for example, the polarization conversion structure 220 can be a 1/2 wave plate.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the second polarized light may also be converted into the third polarized light after passing through the polarization conversion structure 220 twice, for example, the polarization conversion structure 220 may be a 1/4 wave plate.
  • the light conversion part 200 further includes a second reflective structure 230 configured to reflect at least one of the first polarized light, the second polarized light and the third polarized light.
  • the light reflected by the polarization splitting element 210 includes the first polarized light
  • the second reflective structure 230 is located on one side of the light reflected by the polarization splitting element 210, and is configured to reflect the first polarized light; for example, the light reflected by the polarization splitting element 210 Including the second polarized light, the second reflective structure 230 is located on the light-reflecting side of the polarization splitting element 210, and is located on the light-incident side of the polarization conversion structure 220, the second reflective structure 230 is configured to reflect the second polarized light, and the reflected The second polarized light is converted into the third polarized light by the polarization conversion structure 220; third polarized light.
  • the reflectivity of the polarization splitting element 210 to the second polarized light is greater than the reflectivity to the first polarized light, and there may be a small amount of the first polarized light incident on the second reflective structure 230 while the second polarized light is incident on the second polarized light.
  • the reflective structure 230 at this time, the second reflective structure 230 may reflect the second polarized light and a small amount of the first polarized light.
  • the second reflective structure may reflect the third polarized light and a small amount of the first polarized light.
  • the second reflective structure 230 may include a reflective surface, and the reflective surface may be a material with a relatively high reflectivity (for example, a reflectivity greater than 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 95%).
  • the element reflects at least one of the first polarized light, the second polarized light and the third polarized light into the medium 111 through specular reflection.
  • the reflective surface may be a metal reflective surface, such as an aluminum-plated, silver-plated or copper-plated reflective surface; or, the reflective surface may also be a pasted reflective film, such as the ESR reflective film mentioned above.
  • the second reflective structure 230 may include a prism, and the light incident on the second reflective structure 230 may be totally reflected on the surface of the prism and then directed to the medium 111 .
  • the prism may be a triangular prism structure.
  • the second light guiding element 120 is configured to transmit the first polarized light and the third polarized light.
  • the light conversion part 200 is located on the light incident side of the first light guide element 110, and the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are configured to transmit the first polarized light and the third polarized light .
  • the medium 111 is air
  • at least part of the light conversion part 200 is located in the cavity 1121 of the first light guide element 110 .
  • the light guide device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, by arranging at least part of the light conversion part in the cavity of the first light guide element, it is beneficial to reduce the volume of the light guide device and allow as much light as possible to enter The cavity of the first light guide element reduces the waste of light.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the light guide device includes a first light guide element 110 and a second light guide element 120, the light entering the light guide device is transmitted to the second light guide element 120 through the first light guide element 110, the first light transmission
  • the anti-element array 0100 is located on the second light guide element 120 .
  • the first light guide element 110 is configured to perform total reflection on the light incident on the first light guide element 110 so that the light propagates to the second light guide element 120, the first light guide element 110 includes at least two reflective surfaces 1120, The divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 is ⁇ , the at least two reflective surfaces 1120 include two reflective surfaces 1120 opposite to each other, and the angle between the two reflective surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is greater than or equal to 0° and less than or equal to ⁇ .
  • the included angle between the above two opposing reflecting surfaces 1120 is greater than or equal to 0° and less than or equal to ⁇ .
  • the two reflective surfaces opposite to each other are set to be non-parallel, and the angle between them is less than or equal to ⁇ , which is beneficial to reduce the distance between at least a part of the two reflective surfaces, that is, to reduce the thickness of the second reflective surface.
  • the thickness of the first light guide element is beneficial to increase the number of reflections of light on the reflective surface and improve the uniform light effect of the first light guide element.
  • the number of reflections of light on the reflective surface can also be increased, which is beneficial to improving the homogenization effect of light at large angles.
  • the first light guide element 110 is provided with a light guide medium 111, and the light propagates through the light guide medium 111 through total reflection.
  • the inner surface for reflecting light may also be a reflective structure disposed on the outer surface of the light guide medium, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the above two reflective surfaces 1120 may face each other in the Y direction shown in FIG. 7 , or face each other in a direction perpendicular to the XY plane, or face each other in other directions perpendicular to the X direction.
  • the above two reflecting surfaces 1120 facing each other may be two sub-reflecting surfaces that are independent of each other with a space in between, or may be two sub-reflecting surfaces that are connected through a connecting portion located outside the medium 111. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, There is no limit to this.
  • the divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 may be 40°.
  • the divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 may be 20°.
  • the divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 may be 10°.
  • the angle between the two reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is less than or equal to 40°.
  • the angle between the two reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is less than or equal to 30°.
  • the angle between the two reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is less than or equal to 20°.
  • the angle between the two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is less than or equal to 10°.
  • the second light guide element in the embodiment of the present disclosure may have the same features as the second light guide element shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 6 , which will not be repeated here.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a light source device provided according to the present disclosure.
  • the light source device includes a light source unit 500 and a light guide device provided in any example in FIGS. 1 to 7 .
  • FIG. 8 schematically shows that the light guide device is the light guide device shown in FIG. 1 , but is not limited to Here, the light guide device provided in other examples in FIGS. 2 to 7 may also be used.
  • the light emitted from the light source part 500 is configured to enter the light guide.
  • the light source part 500 may include a light source 510 and a reflective light guide structure 520 configured to adjust the light emitted by the light source 510 to a predetermined divergence angle.
  • the predetermined divergence angle may include a divergence angle within 40°.
  • the predetermined divergence angle may include divergence angles within 20°.
  • the predetermined divergence angle may include a divergence angle within 10°.
  • the reflective light guide structure 520 can be a lamp cup, which can be a solid lamp cup or a hollow lamp cup, and converts the light with a certain divergence angle emitted by the light source into collimated or nearly collimated light.
  • the collimated light is parallel or nearly parallel (for example, the divergence angle is not greater than 10°), which has better consistency and can improve light utilization.
  • the light emitted by the light source generally has a relatively large divergence angle, for example, a divergence angle of 45°, and the reflective light guide structure 520 can control the light divergence angle to be smaller than 40°, 20° or 10°.
  • the light has a divergence angle within 20°, and the light with a certain divergence angle will increase its uniformity with multiple reflections during propagation, which can improve the uniformity of light and shade.
  • the light source device provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure can be used as a backlight source of a display device.
  • FIG. 8 schematically shows that the light source part is located on the side of the light guide device as an example, but it is not limited thereto.
  • the light source part is located on the side of the light guide device, such as at least one side (such as two sides or four sides) of the light guide device, that is, the backlight is an edge-type backlight.
  • the light guide device can also be arranged so that the bottom (for example, the side of the light guide device away from the light exit area) receives light, which is beneficial to reduce the planar size of the light source device.
  • the light source 510 can be a monochromatic light source or a color mixing light source, such as a red monochromatic light source, a green monochromatic light source, a blue monochromatic light source or a white color mixing light source, or it can also be a combination of multiple monochromatic light sources of different colors to form a color mixing light source.
  • the monochromatic light source can finally form a monochrome image, and the color-mixing light source can form a color image.
  • light source 510 may be a laser light source or a light emitting diode (LED) light source.
  • the light source part 500 may include one light source 510 or a plurality of light sources 510 .
  • the light source device provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure can make the light emitted by the light source device have better uniformity by using the light guide device shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 7 .
  • a diffusion structure 020 may be provided on the light exit side of the light guide device to diffuse the light emitted from the light guide device, so as to improve the uniformity of the light.
  • the light guide device includes a backlight side opposite to its light-emitting side, and the light guide device may also include a fourth reflective structure, located on the backlight side of the light guide device, to guide the light leaked from the light guide medium of the light guide device to the backlight of the light guide device. Reflection on the light exit side improves the utilization of light.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a display device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the display device includes a display panel 600 and a light source device, and the light source device may include the light guide device provided in any example in FIGS. 1 to 7 .
  • the display panel 600 includes a display surface 601 and a backside 602 opposite to the display surface 601 , and the light source device is located on the backside 602 of the display panel 600 .
  • the light emitted by the light source device passes through the display panel 600 and then goes to the viewing area.
  • the side of the display panel 600 facing the light source device is the non-display side
  • the side of the display panel 600 away from the light source device is the display side
  • the observation area is located on the display side of the display panel 600
  • the display side is where the user can watch the displayed image. side.
  • the viewing area and the light source device are located on two sides of the display panel 600 .
  • the display panel may be a liquid crystal display panel.
  • the liquid crystal display panel may include an array substrate, an opposite substrate, a liquid crystal layer located between the array substrate and the opposite substrate, and a sealant for encapsulating the liquid crystal layer.
  • the liquid crystal display panel further includes a first polarizing layer disposed on a side of the array substrate away from the opposite substrate and a second polarizing layer disposed on a side of the opposite substrate away from the array substrate.
  • the light source device is configured to provide backlight to the liquid crystal display panel, and the backlight is converted into image light after passing through the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the direction of the polarization axis of the first polarizing layer and the direction of the polarization axis of the second polarizing layer are perpendicular to each other, but not limited thereto.
  • the first polarizing layer can pass one kind of linearly polarized light
  • the second polarizing layer can pass another kind of linearly polarized light
  • the polarization directions of the two kinds of linearly polarized light are perpendicular to each other.
  • the light emitted by the light source device provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure is linearly polarized light, and the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is parallel to the polarization axis of the first polarizing layer. Therefore, the light emitted from the light source device to the display panel has a higher utilization rate.
  • the reflectance of a transflective element 0110 located at the outermost edge of the light incident side is greater than the transmittance.
  • the reflectivity of the transflective element can be 100% or close to 100%, so that most or even all of the light is reflected to the adjacent transflective element, so that other transflective elements far away from the transflective element can couple the light to It can not only prevent the edge of the display panel from being too bright, but also prevent the transmitted light from having a certain divergence angle due to the certain transmittance of the transflective element, and the divergent light leaks from the edge of the transflective element, which is different from the normal coupling The rays of light overlap, causing bright bars.
  • At least part of the transflective element 0110 at the outermost edge does not overlap with the display panel 600;
  • the area of the display panel 600 where element 0110 overlaps is not used for imaging.
  • the plurality of first light outcoupling portions include first light outcoupling portions provided with a reflective medium, at least part of the first light outcoupler portions are provided with a reflective medium with a first reflectivity, at least part of the first light outcoupler In the at least two first light outcoupling parts of the light outcoupling part, the reflective medium with the first reflectivity occupies a different area ratio of the corresponding first light outcoupling part so that the reflection of the at least two first light outcoupling parts Rates are different.
  • the first light outcoupling portion is a transflective element.
  • the transflective element is taken as the first optical outcoupling part as an example.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a light guiding device.
  • the light guide device includes: a plurality of transflective elements, at least part of the plurality of transflective elements is configured to let a part of the light propagating to the transflective element exit the light guide device through one of reflection and transmission, and through the other of reflection and transmission One makes the other part of the light transmitted to the transflective element continue to propagate in the light guiding device.
  • the plurality of transflective elements includes a transflective element provided with a reflective medium, at least some of the transflective elements are provided with a reflective medium having a first reflectivity, and at least some of the at least two transflective elements of the transreflective elements have the first reflectivity
  • the reflective media account for different area ratios of the corresponding transflective elements so that at least two transflective elements have different reflectivities.
  • the plurality of first light outcoupling portions include a first light outcoupling portion provided with a reflective medium, and the reflective medium provided on at least one first light outcoupler portion includes at least two different reflectivities.
  • a plurality of transflective elements include a transflective element provided with a reflective medium, at least one reflective medium provided by the transreflective element includes at least two different reflectivities, and the number of reflective types of the reflective medium provided by the multiple transflective elements is less than Number of multiple transflective elements.
  • the type of the transflective film required by the transflective element can be reduced, which is beneficial to reduce the cost of the light guide device.
  • Fig. 10 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the light guide device includes a plurality of transflective elements 0110, and at least part of the transflective elements 0110 are configured to let a part of the light propagating to the transflective elements 0110 exit the light guide device through one of reflection and transmission, and pass through The other of reflection and transmission makes the other part of the light propagated to the transflective element 0110 continue to propagate in the light guiding device.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure schematically shows that at least part of the transflective element 0110 is configured to reflect a part of the light propagating to the transflective element 0110 out of the light guide device, and transmit another part of the light so that the part of the light continues to guide the light. disseminated in the device.
  • the transflective element can be used as the light outcoupling part of the light guide device, and couples the light propagating in the light guide device to a region.
  • a transreflective element farthest from the light-incident side of the plurality of transreflective elements may have a reflectivity of more than 95%, or a transmittance of less than 5%, for example, the transflective element may only Reflect light.
  • the transflective element may include a dot structure arranged on the light-exiting area (such as the light-exiting surface) of the light guide device, and a part of the light may be transmitted by the dot structure by destroying the reflection angle of the light propagating through total reflection in the light guide device. In the light guide device, part of the light can be reflected by the dot structure to continue to propagate in the light guide device.
  • a plurality of transflective elements 0110 include a transflective element provided with a reflective medium 0111, at least some of the transflective elements 0110 are provided with a reflective medium 0111 having a first reflectivity, at least two of at least some of the transflective elements 0110 Among the transreflective elements 0110, the reflective medium 0111 having the first reflectivity accounts for different area ratios of the corresponding transreflective elements 0110 so that at least two transreflective elements 0110 have different reflectivities; or, a plurality of transreflective elements 0110 include A transflective element provided with a reflective medium 0111, the reflective medium 0111 set by at least one transflective element 0110 includes at least two different reflectivities, and the number of reflectance types of the reflective medium 0111 set by multiple transflective elements 0110 is less than that of multiple transflective elements 0110 The number of inverse elements 0110.
  • the reflective medium provided by at least one first optical outcoupling part includes a layer of reflective film (that is, the reflective medium is a single-layer film structure); or, the reflective medium provided by at least one first optical outcoupler part includes Stacked multilayer reflective films.
  • the reflective medium provided by the above-mentioned at least one transflective element may be a medium comprising a layer of reflective film, or may be a medium comprising a multilayer reflective film, and the reflectivity of the above-mentioned reflective medium refers to the overall multi-film layer included in the reflective medium. Reflectivity.
  • the above-mentioned reflective medium may also be a transflective medium, and the transflective medium may be a medium comprising a layer of transflective film, or a medium comprising multiple layers of transflective films, and the transmittance of the transflective medium refers to the Transmittance of the entire film layer included.
  • the reflective medium provided by at least one transflective element includes multi-layer reflective films arranged in a stack.
  • the multilayer reflective film includes several kinds of tantalum pentoxide, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium fluoride, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride and aluminum fluoride.
  • each transflective element of the plurality of transflective elements is provided with a reflective medium.
  • the transflective element closest to the light-incident side of the plurality of transflective elements may not be provided with a reflective medium, and the transflective element may be a light-transmitting surface of a transparent substrate capable of reflecting part of the light. and transmit another part of the light.
  • a plurality of transflective elements 0110 are arranged along the propagation direction of light in the light guide device.
  • the reflectivity of the plurality of transreflective elements 0110 gradually increases or gradually increases regionally.
  • direction of propagation of light in the light guide device may refer to the overall (macroscopic) direction of light propagation, for example, the direction of light propagation in the light guide device refers to the direction opposite to the arrow in the X direction as shown in Figure 10,
  • the light entering the light guide device may propagate in the light guide device through total reflection, and/or may also undergo non-total reflection propagation, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • non-total reflection propagation here means that the light does not satisfy the total reflection condition when propagating in the light guide device, for example, the incident angle on the surface of the light guide device is less than the critical angle of total reflection, such as the main direction of the light incident to the light guide device Alternatively, the propagation direction of the main optical axis of the light incident on the light guide device is a direction parallel to a straight line, for example, parallel to the X direction, and part of the light is specularly reflected and continues to propagate.
  • Parallel in the embodiments of the present disclosure includes completely parallel and roughly parallel, completely parallel means that the angle between any two is 0°, roughly parallel means that the angle between any two is not greater than 20°, for example, any two The angle between them is not more than 10°. For example, the angle between any two is not greater than 5°.
  • the above-mentioned “the reflectivity of the multiple transflective elements 0110 gradually increases” means that the reflectivity of the multiple transflective elements is different, and along the arrangement direction of the multiple transflective elements, the reflection of the multiple transflective elements gradually increases. big trend.
  • the number of multiple transreflective elements can be 8, along the propagation direction of light in the light guide device (such as the arrangement direction of multiple transflective elements), the reflectivity of the 8 transflective elements can be set to 1 respectively in turn /8, 1/7, 1/6, 1/5, 1/4, 1/3, 1/2, and 1.
  • the above-mentioned regional gradual increase may refer to: dividing a plurality of transflective elements into two or more regions (at least one region includes at least two transflective elements), the reflections of the transflective elements in the above-mentioned different regions
  • the rates are different and the overall trend is gradually increasing.
  • a region includes a plurality of transreflective elements, and the plurality of transreflective elements in the region are adjacently distributed, it can be considered that there is no arrangement between any two transreflective elements among the plurality of transreflective elements in the region. Transflective elements in other areas.
  • the reflectivity of these transreflective elements can be the same or different; 1/8, 1/7, 1/6), of course, the reflectivity can also have no specific change rule (for example, the reflectivity can be set to 1/8, 1/7, 1/8), multiple regions as a whole It can be a gradual change trend.
  • the light guide device includes a light guide medium 123.
  • the light guide medium 123 includes a transparent material.
  • the light guide medium 123 can be a transparent substrate made of transparent materials such as resin, glass or plastic.
  • the transparent substrate It is configured to transmit the light entering the light guide medium 123 through total reflection and/or non-total reflection transmission.
  • the light guide medium 123 includes air.
  • non-total reflection propagation refers to the propagation of light (such as light with a small divergence angle) in the light guide medium 123 in a way other than total reflection, for example, light can propagate in the light guide medium 123 without Reflection (such as no reflection on the interface between the light guide medium 123 and the air); or, light (such as light with a larger divergence angle) can also reflect and propagate in a non-total reflection mode, for example, it can not meet the requirements of total reflection.
  • Reflection conditions for example, when the reflection angle at the interface between the light guide medium 123 and air (or other medium) is smaller than the critical angle of total reflection, it can be considered that light does not or rarely propagates through total reflection in the light guide medium.
  • the main direction of the light incident to the light guide medium or the main optical axis propagation direction of the light incident to the light guide medium is a direction parallel to a straight line, for example, it can be parallel to the X direction, and some light rays continue to propagate after specular reflection .
  • total reflection propagation may mean that the reflection angle of the light (for example, the light with a large divergence angle and satisfying the total reflection condition) on the interface between the light guide medium 123 and the air (or other medium) is not less than The critical angle for total reflection.
  • the critical angle for total reflection For example, most of the light incident on the light-guiding medium propagates through total reflection. For example, a part of the light incident on the light guide medium hardly reflects and propagates in the light guide medium along a straight line, while another part of the light rays continues to propagate after total reflection.
  • the light guiding medium 123 is made of a material that can realize a waveguide function, and is generally a transparent material with a refractive index greater than 1.
  • the material of the light-guiding medium 123 may include one or more of silicon dioxide, lithium niobate, silicon-on-insulator (SOI, Silicon-on-insulator), polymer, III-V semiconductor compound, and glass.
  • the light guide medium 123 may be a planar substrate, a stripe substrate, a ridge substrate, and the like.
  • the light guide medium adopts a planar substrate to form a uniform surface light source.
  • the transflective element 0110 may be the surface of the light guide medium 123 .
  • the light guide medium 123 can be divided into a plurality of cylinders (such as parallelepipeds) with a parallelogram cross section, and transflective elements 0110 can be arranged between the joined cylinders.
  • the above cylinder may include two surfaces opposite to each other, one of the two surfaces may be the light incident surface of the cylinder, and the other surface is located at the back side of the light incident surface.
  • the transflective element may be the surface of the light incident surface of the cylinder, or the surface of the cylinder opposite to the light incident surface.
  • the reflective medium can be disposed on the transflective element by plating or cladding, that is, it can be disposed on the surface of the pillars, such as the surface where the above-mentioned pillars are spliced together.
  • the light guide medium 123 includes a plurality of waveguide sub-mediums arranged along the X direction and bonded to each other.
  • a reflective medium is interposed between adjacent waveguide sub-mediums.
  • Each waveguide sub-medium is configured to allow total reflection of light.
  • the transflective element 0110 of the medium is configured to couple a portion of the light out of the light guide by breaking the total reflection condition of the portion of the light by reflection.
  • a plurality of transflective elements (such as an array of transflective elements) can be fixed by means of support plates, glues, etc., thereby reducing the weight of the light guide device and having strong practicability.
  • the light exit surface of the light guide medium 123 may be a solid surface, such as a surface of the transparent substrate.
  • the light output surface of the light guide medium may be a non-substantial virtual surface.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is described by taking a plurality of transflective elements 0110 parallel to each other as an example.
  • the light emitted from the plurality of transflective elements 0110 is parallel light.
  • the light coupled out of the plurality of transflective elements 0110 can be Collimated light, for example, the collimation direction is perpendicular to the light-emitting surface, or inclined to the light-emitting surface; the direction of the collimated light is consistent, which can improve the light utilization rate, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and the multiple transflective elements may not be parallel. By adjusting the angle between the multiple transflective elements, the light emitted from the multiple transflective elements can be adjusted to convergent light or divergent light. .
  • the inclination directions of a plurality of transreflective elements 0110 are the same.
  • the aforementioned "inclined direction” may refer to the inclined direction of the transreflective element 0110 relative to the Y direction, for example, the direction indicated by the arrow in the X direction is rightward, and the plurality of transreflective elements 0110 are inclined leftward.
  • the inclination directions of the multiple transflective elements 0110 may all be the same, or may have a certain error range, for example, an error range of 0°-10°.
  • the reflective medium with the same reflectivity occupies a different area ratio of the corresponding first light outcoupling parts, so that at least two The reflectivity of each first optical outcoupling part is different.
  • FIG. 11A to FIG. 11H are schematic diagrams of a partial planar structure of a transflective element provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a plurality of transreflective elements 0110 include a transreflective element provided with a reflective medium 0111, at least some of the transflective elements 0110 are provided with a reflective medium 0111 having a first reflectivity, and at least some of the transflective elements In the at least two transreflective elements 0110 in 0110 , the reflective medium 0111 having the first reflectivity accounts for different area ratios of the corresponding transreflective elements 0110 so that the reflectivity of at least two transreflective elements 0110 is different.
  • the above-mentioned first reflectivity may refer to at least one specific reflectivity, such as at least one of 80%, 70%, 60% and other numerical values.
  • the reflective medium 0111 has a first reflectivity
  • the first reflectivity is a specific reflectivity, for example, the first reflectivity is 60%
  • the above-mentioned at least two transflective elements 0110 all have the same
  • the reflective medium 0111 has a first reflectivity
  • the first reflectivity includes a plurality of specific reflectivity, for example, the first reflectivity includes 60% and 80%
  • the transflective elements 0110 are provided with reflective media 0111 with the same reflectivity, and among at least two transflective elements 0110 of at least some of the transflective elements 0110, the reflective medium 0111 with the same reflectivity accounts for the corresponding transflective
  • the area ratio of the elements 0110 is different such that the reflectance of at least two transflective elements 0110 is different.
  • the above-mentioned "same reflectivity" may refer to the same reflectivity, including exactly the same reflectivity and approximately the same reflectivity. Approximately the same reflectivity means that the ratio of the difference between any two reflectivities to one of them is not greater than 10 % (eg, may be no greater than 8%, 5%, or 1%).
  • the transflective elements 0110 are provided with reflective media 0111 having two or more reflectivities, and among at least two transflective elements 0110 of at least part of the transflective elements 0110, the reflective media 0111 with the same reflectivity occupy The area ratios of the corresponding transflective elements 0110 are different so that at least two transflective elements 0110 have different reflectances.
  • the reflection medium 0111 includes two media with a reflectivity of 60% and a reflectivity of 80%. In at least two transflective elements 0110, the reflective medium with a reflectivity of 60% accounts for different area ratios of the corresponding transflective elements 0110.
  • the area ratio of the reflective medium with a reflectivity of 80% to the corresponding transflective elements 0110 is different, so that at least two transflective elements 0110 have different reflectivities.
  • the above-mentioned "same reflectivity" may refer to the same reflectivity, including exactly the same reflectivity and approximately the same reflectivity. Approximately the same reflectivity means that the ratio of the difference between any two reflectivities to one of them is not greater than 10 % (eg, may be no greater than 8%, 5%, or 1%).
  • reflective media with a first reflectivity are provided on at least two transflective elements, and by adjusting the The reflectivity of the corresponding transflective element is adjusted according to the area, the types of reflective media are reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the transflective element is reduced.
  • FIGS. 11A to 11H schematically show that the shape of the transflective element 0110 is a rectangle, but it is not limited thereto.
  • the shape of the transflective element can also be other polygons such as circle, ellipse, or hexagon.
  • the areas of the multiple first light outcoupling parts are the same, and the reflective medium provided for the same first light outcoupler part is a reflective medium with the same reflectivity.
  • the area of each transflective element of multiple (for example, all) transreflective elements 0110 is the same, and the reflective medium 0111 set in the same transflective element 0110 has the same reflectivity.
  • Reflective medium 0111 may mean that the two areas are completely the same or approximately the same, for example, the ratio of the two areas is 0.8-1.2, for example, it may be 0.9-1.1.
  • the reflective medium 0111 may be made of a material with high reflectivity, for example, the reflective medium 0111 may not be less than 80%.
  • the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 may not be less than 90%.
  • the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 may not be less than 95%.
  • the reflectivity of the transreflective element can be adjusted in a larger range, that is, the transflective element can be adjusted to have a larger reflectivity (such as with reflection
  • the medium has the same reflectivity), and may also have a smaller reflectivity (such as reflectivity less than 40%).
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
  • the reflective medium provided by some transflective elements may also be made of a material with low reflectivity.
  • the reflection medium provided for each of the first light outcoupling parts in the plurality of first light outcoupling parts is the reflection medium having the first reflectivity.
  • all the reflective media 0111 provided in the transflective elements 0110 are reflective media 0111 having a first reflectivity.
  • all transflective elements 0110 are provided with reflective media 0111 having the same reflectivity.
  • the reflective medium 0111 provided by the multiple transflective elements 0110 can be made of the same material, thereby greatly reducing the types of reflective medium and reducing the production cost of the product.
  • the reflectivity of the first light outcoupling portion is positively correlated with the area of the reflective medium on which it is disposed.
  • the reflectivity of the transflective element 0110 is positively correlated with the area of the reflective medium 0111 provided therein.
  • the area of the reflective medium 0111 is almost the same as the surface area of the transflective element 0110, The reflectivity of the transflective element 0110 reaches the maximum and can be almost equal to the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 .
  • the reflectivity of the transflective element 0110 is smaller than the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111, thus, by adjusting the area of the reflective medium 0111 set by the transflective element 0110, The reflectivity of the transflective element 0110 can be adjusted.
  • part of the first optical outcoupling portion further includes a blank area, and the blank area includes an area where no reflective medium is provided in the first optical outcoupling portion.
  • part of the transreflective element 0110 further includes a blank area 0112
  • the blank area 0112 includes an area of the transflective element 0110 where no reflective medium 0111 is disposed.
  • the area on the transflective element 0110 except the reflective medium 0111 is the blank area 0112 .
  • the reflectivity of the transflective element can be adjusted, wherein the larger the area ratio of the reflective medium to the blank area, the higher the reflectivity of the transflective element.
  • the multiple transflective elements may be surfaces of multiple parallelepipeds included in the light guide medium (for example, multiple parallelepiped surfaces spliced with each other), and the blank area may be an area of the above surfaces where no reflective medium is provided.
  • the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112 in the transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 11A is greater than the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112 in the transflective element 0110 shown in FIG.
  • the reflectivity of the transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 11B is greater than that of the transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 11B .
  • Figure 11A and Figure 11B schematically show that the reflective medium 0111 extends along the U direction and is arranged along the V direction, the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the reflective medium can also be set to extend along the V direction and be arranged along the U direction, here The U direction and the V direction are interchangeable.
  • Figure 11C and Figure 11D schematically show that the reflective medium 0111 extends along the direction intersecting the U direction and the V direction, and by adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112, the corresponding transflective element 0110 can be adjusted Reflectivity.
  • FIG. 11E and FIG. 11F schematically show that the shape of the reflective medium 0111 is circular, and by adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112, the reflectivity of the corresponding transflective element can be adjusted.
  • FIG. 11G and FIG. 11H schematically show that the shape of the reflective medium 0111 is a rectangle, and by adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112, the reflectivity of the corresponding transflective element can be adjusted.
  • the shape of the reflective medium is not limited to the strip shape or circle shown in the figure, and may also be other shapes, such as regular shapes such as ellipse and polygon, or other irregular shapes.
  • the reflective medium 0111 provided by the transflective element 0110 can all adopt a reflective film with a reflectivity of 80%.
  • the number of transflective elements 0110 is, for example, four.
  • the reflectivity of each transflective element 0110 can be set to 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% respectively, that is, the area ratio of the reflective medium with a reflectivity of 80% on different transflective elements can be adjusted to achieve less than Others with 80% reflectivity.
  • lower reflectivity can be achieved by adjusting the duty cycle.
  • the duty ratio in the embodiments of the present disclosure may refer to the area ratio of the reflective medium and the blank area provided by the transflective element, or the area ratio of the blank area to the reflective medium.
  • a reflective medium 0111 can be set in half of a transflective element 0110, and a blank area 0112 can be set in the other half.
  • the above-mentioned first transflective element 0110 The amount of reflected light (such as reflected light intensity, luminous flux, etc.) is reduced.
  • the implementation of other lower reflectivity is similar, just adjust the area ratio of the reflective medium on different transflective elements.
  • the reflective medium in each of the first light outcoupling parts in some of the first light outcoupling parts is evenly distributed.
  • the reflective medium 0111 in each transflective element in the partial transflective element 0110 is evenly distributed, which can make the light emitted from the light guide device more uniform.
  • the uniform distribution of the above-mentioned reflective medium may include cross-distribution of reflective medium and blank area, and may include equidistant distribution of reflective medium in a certain direction (such as V direction, U direction, or a direction intersecting both U direction and V direction, etc.).
  • the distribution of the reflective medium 0111 can also be unevenly distributed (for example, similar to the distribution form of a two-dimensional code lattice) or randomly distributed, so that the ratio of the total area of the reflective medium 0111 to the area of the blank area meets the requirements.
  • a diffusing element may be arranged on the light-emitting surface of the light-guiding device, and the uniformity of light emitted by the transflective element may be further improved through diffusion.
  • FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B are schematic diagrams of a partial planar structure of a transflective element provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B schematically show that the shape of the transflective element 0110 is a rectangle, but it is not limited thereto, and the shape of the transflective element can also be other polygons such as a circle, an ellipse, or a hexagon.
  • the plurality of first light out-coupling sections includes at least two first light out-coupling groups, and at least one of the at least two first light out-coupling groups includes at least two first light out-coupling groups.
  • the optical coupling part, and the reflective media provided by at least two first optical coupling parts in the same first optical coupling group are reflecting media with the same reflectivity, and the first optical couplings located in different first optical coupling groups
  • the reflective media provided at the exit are reflective media with different reflectivity. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the difference between FIGS. 12A and 12B and the examples shown in FIGS.
  • the reflective medium 0111 set in the same transflective element group 011 is the reflective medium 0111 with the same reflectivity, and the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 located in different transflective element groups 011 is different.
  • the same transflective element 0110 is provided with reflective media 0111 made of the same material, and at least two different transflective elements 0110 may be provided with reflective media 0111 made of different materials.
  • the shape of the transflective element, the shape and the distribution of the reflective medium may be the same as those in the examples shown in FIG. 11A to FIG. 11H , and details will not be repeated here.
  • the number of transreflective elements 0110 may be N, and the number of transreflective element groups 011 included in N transreflective elements 0110 is less than N.
  • the number of transreflective elements 0110 set in one transreflective element group 011 or some transreflective element groups 011 may be greater than 1.
  • the number of components can be set according to product requirements.
  • the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 on the transflective element 0110 shown in Figure 12A is different from the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 on the transflective element 0110 shown in Figure 12B, the transflective element 0110 shown in Figure 12A and the figure
  • the transreflective elements 0110 shown in 12B are respectively located in two different transreflective element groups 011 .
  • the area ratio of the reflective medium to the corresponding first light outcoupler portions is the same.
  • the area ratio of the reflective media 0111 to the corresponding transflective elements 0110 is the same.
  • the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 set in the transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 12A to the transflective element 0110 is A, and the reflective medium 0111 set in the transflective element 0110 shown in FIG.
  • the ratio is also A, but because the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 set by the two transflective elements 0110 is different, even if the reflective medium 0111 set by the two transflective elements 0110 occupies the same area ratio of the corresponding transflective element 0110, this The reflectivity of the two transflective elements 0110 is also different.
  • the reflectivity of the first light out-coupling parts is positively correlated with the area of the reflective medium on which they are disposed.
  • the reflectivity of the transflective element 0110 is positively correlated with the area of the reflective medium 0111 provided therewith.
  • the reflectivity of the transflective element 0110 reaches the maximum and can be almost equal to the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 .
  • the reflectivity of the transflective element 0110 is smaller than the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111, thus, by adjusting the area of the reflective medium 0111 set by the transflective element 0110, The reflectivity of the transflective element 0110 can be adjusted.
  • the reflective medium 0111 set by the transflective element 0110 shown in Figure 12A can be a reflective film with a reflectivity of 80%
  • the reflective medium 0111 set by the transflective element 0110 shown in Figure 12B can be a reflective film with a reflective rate of 60%.
  • the number of transflective elements 0110 is four as an example, and the reflectances of the four transflective elements 0110 are respectively set to 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% along the propagation direction of light.
  • a reflective medium 0111 with a reflectivity of 60% can be set on the transreflective element 0110 with a reflectivity of 60%, and the reflective medium 0111 occupies the surface of the transreflective element 0110;
  • the reflective medium 0111 with a reflectivity of 80% is set, and the reflective medium 0111 occupies the surface of the transflective element 0110;
  • the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 with a reflectivity of 80% on the surfaces of the other two transflective elements 0110 can be respectively Realize the transflective element 0110 with a reflectivity of 20% and 40%, or adjust the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 with a reflectivity of 60% on the surface of the other two transflective elements 0110 to achieve a reflectivity of 20% and 40%, respectively.
  • a transreflective element 0110 of 40%, or adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 with a reflectivity of 60% on the surface of a transreflective element 0110 can respectively realize a transflective element 0110 with a reflectivity of 20% or 40%, Adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 with a reflectivity of 80% on the surface of one transflective element 0110 can realize another transflective element 0110 with a reflectivity of 20% and 40%, respectively.
  • a transreflective element with a lower reflectivity can be realized by using two reflective media with different reflectivities, and a transreflective element with different reflectivities can be realized by using at least two reflective media with different reflectivities.
  • the transflective element emits light more uniformly.
  • the transreflective element includes the aforementioned blank area 0112 , and the reflectivity of the corresponding transflective element can be adjusted by adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112 .
  • FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B are schematic diagrams of a partial planar structure of a transflective element provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B schematically show that the shape of the transflective element 0110 is a rectangle, but it is not limited thereto, and the shape of the transflective element can also be other polygons such as circle, ellipse, or hexagon.
  • Fig. 13A and Fig. 13B The difference between Fig. 13A and Fig. 13B and the examples shown in Fig. 11A to Fig. 11H is that: all transflective elements 0110 are provided with reflective medium 0111, and the reflective medium 0111 provided for at least one transflective element 0110 includes at least two different reflectivities, Moreover, the number of reflective medium 0111 provided by the plurality of transflective elements 0110 is smaller than the number of the plurality of transflective elements 0110 .
  • At least one transreflective element is provided with a reflective medium including at least two different reflectivities, and the number of reflective types of the reflective medium is less than the number of multiple transflective elements, for example, all transflective elements
  • the sum of the number of types of reflectivity of the reflective medium is less than the number of all transflective elements, which helps to reduce the production cost of the transflective element while making the light emitted by the transflective element more uniform.
  • the reflective medium 0111 provided in at least one transflective element 0110 includes at least two reflective mediums with different reflectivities.
  • three kinds of reflective media 0111 or four kinds of reflective media 0111 with different reflectivity may be arranged on at least one transflective element 0110 .
  • some transflective elements 0110 are provided with at least two kinds of reflective media with different reflectivity, and the several reflectivities of the reflective media provided by different transflective elements 0110 may be the same or different.
  • the reflection medium provided for each first light outcoupling part includes at least two kinds of reflection media with different reflectivity, and in different first light outcoupling parts, there are The area ratio of one type of reflective medium of the first reflectivity to the corresponding first light outcoupling parts is different, so that the reflectances of different first light outcoupling parts are different. For example, as shown in FIG. 13A and FIG.
  • the reflective medium 0111 provided for each transflective element 0110 includes at least two reflective media with different reflectivity (such as the first reflective medium 0111-1 and second reflective medium 0111-2), in different transflective elements 0110, a reflective medium 0111 with the same reflectivity (such as the first reflective medium 0111-1 or the second reflective medium 0111-2) occupies the corresponding transflective
  • the area ratio of the elements 0110 is different so that the reflectivity of different transflective elements 0110 is different.
  • the area ratio of the transreflective element 0110 is different, and the area ratio of the second reflective medium 0111-2 in the transreflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 13A is the same as that of the transreflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 13B
  • the area ratio of the second reflective medium 0111-2 to the transreflective element 0110 is also different. Therefore, the reflectivity of the corresponding transreflective element can be adjusted by adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium with different reflectivity provided by the transreflective element.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to reflective media with different reflectances including only two different reflective rates, and may also include a third reflective medium with other reflective rates, which can be set according to product requirements.
  • the reflective medium provided for each first light outcoupling part includes at least two kinds of reflective media with different reflectivity, and the reflectivity of different first light outcoupler parts different.
  • the reflective medium 0111 provided for each transflective element 0110 includes at least two reflective media with different reflectivity (such as the first reflective medium 0111-1 and the second reflective medium 0111-2), the reflectivity of different transflective elements 0110 is different.
  • the area ratio of the reflective medium to the surface of the corresponding first light outcoupling part is the same.
  • the reflective medium 0111 accounts for the same area ratio of the surface of the corresponding transflective element 0110 .
  • the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 (including the first reflective medium 0111-1 and the second reflective medium 0111-2) in the transreflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 13A to the transflective element 0110 is B, as shown in FIG. 13B
  • the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 (including the first reflective medium 0111-1 and the second reflective medium 0111-2) in the transreflective element 0110 to the transreflective element 0110 is also B, and in the two transflective elements 0110, the reflective
  • the area ratio occupied by the medium 0111 is the same, and the reflectivity of the transflective element can be adjusted by adjusting the area occupied by the reflective medium with different reflectivity on each transflective element.
  • the first reflective medium 0111-1 and the second reflective medium 0111-2 can be reflective films with a reflectivity of 80% and 60% respectively, and by adjusting the According to the area ratio, the reflectivity of different transflective elements can be adjusted between 20% and 80%.
  • the transreflective element includes the aforementioned blank area 0112 , and the reflectivity of the corresponding transflective element can be adjusted by adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112 .
  • FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B are schematic diagrams of a partial planar structure of a transflective element provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B schematically show that the shape of the transflective element 0110 is a rectangle, but it is not limited thereto, and the shape of the transflective element can also be other polygons such as a circle, an ellipse, or a hexagon.
  • the area ratio of the reflective medium to the surface of the corresponding first light outcoupling part is different.
  • the difference between the example shown in FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B and the example shown in FIG. 13A to FIG. 13B is that: in at least two transflective elements 0110, the reflective medium 0111 provided for each transflective element 0110 includes different reflectivity At least two reflective media (such as the first reflective medium 0111-1 and the second reflective medium 0111-2), the reflectivity of different transflective elements 0110 are different, and in different transflective elements 0110, the reflective medium 0111 accounts for the corresponding transflective The area ratio of the surface of the element 0110 is different.
  • the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 (including the first reflective medium 0111-1 and the second reflective medium 0111-2) in the transreflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 14A to the transflective element 0110 is C, as shown in FIG. 13B
  • the reflective medium 0111 (including the first reflective medium 0111-1 and the second reflective medium 0111-2) in the transflective element 0110 occupies an area ratio of D of the transflective element 0110.
  • the reflective medium The area ratio occupied by 0111 is different, and the reflectivity of the transreflective element can be adjusted by adjusting the area occupied by the reflective medium with different reflectivity on each transflective element.
  • the area ratio of the first reflective medium 0111-1 to the transreflective element 0110 may be 1/4, and the second reflective medium 0111-2 occupies the area of the transreflective element 0110.
  • the ratio can be 1/4, and the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 (including the first reflective medium 0111-1 and the second reflective medium 0111-2) occupying the transflective element 0110 is 1/2; the transflective element shown in FIG.
  • the area ratio of the first reflective medium 0111-1 to the transflective element 0110 may be 1/5
  • the area ratio of the second reflective medium 0111-2 to the transflective element 0110 may be 2/5
  • the reflective medium 0111 (including the first reflective medium 0111-1 and the second reflective medium 0111-2) account for 3/5 of the area ratio of the transflective element 0110, then by adjusting the area ratio of each reflective medium, the two transflective elements can be adjusted reflectivity.
  • the light guide device includes a plurality of transflective elements 0110 shown in FIG.
  • At least part of the transflective element 0110 is provided with a transflective medium (which may be the reflective medium 0111 shown in FIGS. 11A to 14B ).
  • the reflective medium in any of the above examples also has the characteristics of reflecting a part of the light incident on it and transmitting another part of the light incident on it, so the reflective medium in any of the above examples can also be Known as a transflective medium, the transflective medium in this example can have the same properties as the reflective medium in any of the examples above.
  • the transflective elements 0110 are provided with a transflective medium with a first transmittance, and in at least two transflective elements 0110 of at least some of the transflective elements 0110, the transflective medium with the first transmittance accounts for the corresponding transflective
  • the area ratios of the elements 0110 are different so that at least two transflective elements 0110 have different transmittances.
  • the above-mentioned first transmittance may refer to at least one specific transmittance, such as at least one of 20%, 30%, 40% and other numerical values.
  • the transflective medium 0111 has a first transmittance
  • the first transmittance is a specific reflectivity, for example, the first transmittance is 40%
  • the at least two transflective elements 0110 have The same transmittance; or, in at least two transflective elements 0110, the transflective medium has a first transmittance, and the first transmittance includes a plurality of specific transmittances, for example, the first transmittance includes 40% and 20%, which can be considered
  • At least two transflective elements 0110 are provided with a reflective medium with a transmittance of 40% and a reflective medium with a reflective rate of 20%.
  • the transflective elements 0110 are provided with transflective media with the same transmittance, and among at least two transflective elements 0110 of at least some of the transflective elements 0110, the transflective media with the same transmittance account for the corresponding transflective
  • the area ratio of the elements 0110 is different such that the reflectance of at least two transflective elements 0110 is different.
  • the above-mentioned "same transmittance" may refer to the same transmittance, including exactly the same transmittance and approximately the same transmittance, and approximately the same transmittance means that the ratio of the difference between any two transmittances to one of them is not greater than 10 % (eg, may be no greater than 8%, 5%, or 1%).
  • the transflective element 0110 is provided with a transflective medium (which may be the reflective medium 0111 shown in FIGS.
  • a transflective medium which may be the reflective medium 0111 shown in FIGS.
  • the characteristics of another part of the light, the reflective medium in any of the above examples also has the characteristics of reflecting a part of the light incident on it and transmitting another part of the light incident on it, so it is also possible to use any of the above examples
  • a reflective medium is called a transflective medium, and the transflective medium in this example may have the same characteristics as the reflective medium in any of the above examples.
  • the transflective medium provided by at least one transflective element 0110 includes at least two different transmittances, and the number of types of transmittance of the transflective medium provided by the plurality of transflective elements 0110 is smaller than the number of the plurality of transflective elements 0110 .
  • the transflective elements 0110 are provided with transflective media with two or more transmittances, and among at least two transflective elements 0110 of at least part of the transflective elements 0110, the transflective media with the same transmittance account for The area ratios of the corresponding transflective elements 0110 are different so that at least two transflective elements 0110 have different reflectances.
  • the transflective medium includes two media with a transmittance of 40% and a transmittance of 20%.
  • the transflective medium with a transmittance of 40% accounts for the area ratio of the corresponding transflective element 0110 different, and/or the area ratio of the transflective medium with a transmittance of 20% to the corresponding transflective elements 0110 is different, so that at least two transflective elements 0110 have different transmittances.
  • the above-mentioned "same transmittance" may refer to the same transmittance, including exactly the same transmittance and approximately the same transmittance, and approximately the same transmittance means that the ratio of the difference between any two transmittances to one of them is not greater than 10 % (eg, may be no greater than 8%, 5%, or 1%).
  • a transflective medium with a first transmittance (for example, the same transmittance) is provided on at least two transflective elements, and by adjusting the transflective media with the same transmittance on the at least two transflective elements
  • the area of the medium is used to adjust the reflectivity of the corresponding transflective element, reducing the types of transflective medium and reducing the production cost of the transflective element.
  • the characteristics of the transmittance of the transflective medium in this example can be regarded as a simple replacement of the reflectance characteristics of the reflective medium in any of the above examples, such as the variation trend of the transmittance of the transflective medium in this example can be compared with that in any of the above examples
  • the reflectivity of the reflective medium is opposite, that is, it can be understood that a reflective medium with a reflective rate of 80% is equivalent to (or regarded as) a transflective medium with a transmittance of 20% (here only the reflection and transmission properties of the medium are considered, not involved
  • Absorption characteristics, such as considering the absorption characteristics, the reflectivity and transmittance of the medium also roughly show the opposite trend.
  • the absorbance of the transflective element is 5%, and the sum of the reflectivity and transmittance of the transflective element can be 95%. It is still in the opposite trend).
  • Fig. 15 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 15, the difference between the light guide device shown in FIG. 15 and the light guide device shown in FIG. The third reflective structure 113 is shown, the light conversion part 200 can reflect the light emitted by the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 to the second light guide element 120 while performing polarization splitting, which is beneficial to reduce the size of the light guide device. volume of.
  • the medium 111 may be air or a transparent substrate, which is not limited in this example.
  • disposing the light conversion part 200 outside the cavity of the first light guide element 110 can reduce the distance between the two sub-reflective films 1120 facing each other, that is, reduce the thickness of the cavity. , which is beneficial to the lightness and thinning of the light guide device.
  • the light conversion unit 200 shown in FIG. 15 may have the same features as the light conversion unit 200 shown in FIG. 5 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the second light guide element in the embodiment of the present disclosure may have the same features as the second light guide element shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 6 , which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a display device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 16 schematically shows that the display device includes the light guide device shown in Figure 20, but is not limited thereto, the display device may include the light guide device provided in any of the above examples, for example, as shown in Figure 16, the display device includes The light source part 500, the light emitted by the light source part 500 is configured to enter the light guiding device.
  • the light source part 500 may include a light source 510 and a reflective light guide structure 520 configured to adjust the light emitted by the light source 510 to a predetermined divergence angle.
  • the predetermined divergence angle may include a divergence angle within 40°.
  • the predetermined divergence angle may include divergence angles within 20°.
  • the reflective light guide structure 520 can be a lamp cup, which can be a solid lamp cup or a hollow lamp cup, and converts the light with a certain divergence angle emitted by the light source into collimated or nearly collimated light.
  • the collimated light is parallel or nearly parallel (for example, the divergence angle is not greater than 10°), which has better consistency and can improve light utilization.
  • the divergence angle of the light emitted by the light source is generally relatively large, such as 45°, and the reflective light guide structure 520 can control the divergence angle of the light to a smaller divergence angle, such as 40°, 20° or 10°.
  • the light has a divergence angle within 20°, and the light with a certain divergence angle will increase its uniformity with multiple reflections during propagation, which can improve the uniformity of light and shade.
  • the light source device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can be used as a backlight source of a display device.
  • the light source 510 can be a monochromatic light source or a color mixing light source, such as a red monochromatic light source, a green monochromatic light source, a blue monochromatic light source or a white color mixing light source, or it can also be a combination of multiple monochromatic light sources of different colors to form a color mixing light source.
  • the monochromatic light source can finally form a monochrome image, and the color-mixing light source can form a color image.
  • light source 510 may be a laser light source or a light emitting diode (LED) light source.
  • the light source part 500 may include one light source 510 or a plurality of light sources 510 .
  • the display device further includes a display panel 600 .
  • a display panel 600 includes a display surface 601 and a backside 602 opposite to the display surface 601 , and the light source device is located on the backside 602 of the display panel 600 .
  • the light emitted by the light source device passes through the display panel 600 and then goes to the viewing area.
  • the side of the display panel 600 facing the light source device is the non-display side
  • the side of the display panel 600 away from the light source device is the display side
  • the observation area is located on the display side of the display panel 600
  • the display side is where the user can watch the displayed image. side.
  • the viewing area and the light source device are located on two sides of the display panel 600 .
  • the display panel may be a liquid crystal display panel.
  • the liquid crystal display panel may include an array substrate, an opposite substrate, a liquid crystal layer located between the array substrate and the opposite substrate, and a sealant for encapsulating the liquid crystal layer.
  • the liquid crystal display panel further includes a first polarizing layer disposed on a side of the array substrate away from the opposite substrate and a second polarizing layer disposed on a side of the opposite substrate away from the array substrate.
  • the light source device is configured to provide backlight to the liquid crystal display panel, and the backlight is converted into image light after passing through the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the direction of the polarization axis of the first polarizing layer and the direction of the polarization axis of the second polarizing layer are perpendicular to each other, but not limited thereto.
  • the first polarizing layer can pass one kind of linearly polarized light
  • the second polarizing layer can pass another kind of linearly polarized light
  • the polarization directions of the two kinds of linearly polarized light are perpendicular to each other.
  • the light emitted by the light source device provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure is linearly polarized light, and the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is parallel to the polarization axis of the first polarizing layer. Therefore, the light emitted from the light source device to the display panel has a higher utilization rate.
  • the reflectance of a transflective element 0110 located at the outermost edge of the light incident side is greater than the transmittance.
  • the reflectivity of the transflective element can be 100% or close to 100%, so that most or even all of the light is reflected to the adjacent transflective element, so that other transflective elements far away from the transflective element can couple the light to It can not only prevent the edge of the display panel from being too bright, but also prevent the transmitted light from having a certain divergence angle due to the certain transmittance of the transflective element, and the divergent light leaks from the edge of the transflective element, which is different from the normal coupling The rays of light overlap, causing bright bars.
  • At least part of the transflective element 0110 on the outermost edge does not overlap the display panel 600;
  • the area of the display panel 600 where element 0110 overlaps is not used for imaging.
  • the display device further includes at least one light diffusing element 710, which is located on at least one of the display surface side and the back side of the display panel 600, and is configured to connect at least one of the display panel 600 and the light source device The outgoing light is diffused.
  • the light diffusing element 710 may be a different element from the aforementioned diffusing structure 020 , or may be the same element, for example, the light diffusing element 710 may be reused as the aforementioned diffusing structure 020 .
  • FIG. 16 schematically shows that the light diffusion element 710 is located on the back side of the display panel 600, that is, between the display panel 600 and the light source device, and is configured to diffuse the light emitted by the light source device, that is, the light diffusion element 710 configured to diffuse the light beam passing through the light diffusing element 710 .
  • the light diffusing element 710 can also be arranged on the light emitting side of the display panel 600, configured to diffuse the image light emitted by the display panel 600, for example, the light diffusing element 710 is arranged close to the display panel 600 to improve the imaging effect.
  • FIG. 16 schematically shows that the number of light diffusing elements is one, but it is not limited thereto, and there may be multiple light diffusing elements arranged at intervals to further improve the dispersion effect of light beams.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure schematically shows that the light diffusion element is located on the back side of the display panel, but is not limited thereto, and may also be located on the side of the display surface of the display panel.
  • the light diffusing element can be attached to the surface of the display surface of the display panel.
  • the light diffusing element 710 is configured to diffuse the light beam passing through the light diffusing element 710 without changing or hardly changing the optical axis of the light beam.
  • optical axis refers to the centerline of the beam, which can also be considered as the main direction of beam propagation.
  • the incident light beam passes through the light diffusing element 710, it will be diffused into a light beam with a spot with a specific size and shape along the propagation direction.
  • the energy distribution of the spot can be uniform or non-uniform; for example, the size and shape of the spot can be determined by Microstructural control of the surface design of the beam spreading element 700 .
  • the aforementioned specific shapes of light spots may include, but are not limited to, linear, circular, elliptical, square, and rectangular.
  • the light diffusing element 710 includes at least one of a diffractive optical element and a diffractive optical element.
  • the light diffusion element 710 can be a low-cost scattering optical element, such as a dodging sheet, a diffusion sheet, etc., when the light beam passes through a scattering optical element such as a dodging sheet, it will be scattered, and a small amount of diffraction will also occur, but the scattering effect
  • the main function is that the light beam will form a larger spot after passing through the scattering optical element.
  • the light diffusing element 710 may also be a diffractive optical element (Diffractive Optical Elements, DOE) that controls the diffusion effect relatively more precisely, such as a beam shaper (Beam Shaper).
  • DOE diffractive Optical Elements
  • Beam Shaper Beam Shaper
  • diffractive optical elements design specific microstructures on the surface to expand the beam of light mainly through diffraction, and the size and shape of the spot are controllable.
  • the display device further includes a light converging element 720, which is located between the light source device and the display panel 600, and is configured to condense the light emitted from the light source device and then direct the converged light to at least one Light diffusing element 710 .
  • a light converging element 720 which is located between the light source device and the display panel 600, and is configured to condense the light emitted from the light source device and then direct the converged light to at least one Light diffusing element 710 .
  • the light converging element 720 is configured to control the direction of the light (eg, collimated light) emitted by the light source device, and gather the light to a predetermined range, which can further gather the light and improve light utilization efficiency.
  • the above-mentioned predetermined range can be a point, such as the focal point of a convex lens, or a small area.
  • the purpose of setting the light converging element is to uniformly adjust the direction of the light (such as collimated light) output by the optical waveguide element to the predetermined range, improving Light utilization.
  • the light converging element 720 can be a lens, a prism, a curved mirror or a combination of lenses, such as a Fresnel lens and/or a curved lens, such as a convex lens, a concave lens or a combination of lenses, etc.
  • a lens such as a Fresnel lens and/or a curved lens, such as a convex lens, a concave lens or a combination of lenses, etc.
  • the light converging element 720 can gather the collimated light output by the light source device to a certain range, and the light diffusing element 710 can diffuse the gathered light.
  • the visible range is expanded while providing high light efficiency.
  • the light converging element 720 can concentrate and direct almost all the light, so that the light can reach the viewing area 001 of the user, so the collimated light beam output by the light source device is easy to control to achieve convenience. to adjust the direction of the light.
  • the area where the observer needs to watch the imaging can be preset according to actual needs, such as the viewing area 001, which refers to the area where the observer's eyes are located and the image displayed by the display device can be seen.
  • the viewing area 001 can be In the planar area or the three-dimensional area, the user's eyes can see the image in the viewing area 001, such as a complete image.
  • the viewing area 001 can be regarded as an eyebox area (eyebox) of the display device.
  • Fig. 17 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a head-up display provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the head-up display includes a reflective imaging unit 800 and the display device shown in FIG. 16 .
  • FIG. 17 schematically shows that the display device in the head-up display is the display device shown in FIG. 16 , but is not limited thereto.
  • the reflective imaging unit 800 is configured to reflect the light emitted by the display device to the viewing area 003 of the HUD (for example, it may be the eye box area 003 of the HUD).
  • the reflective imaging unit 800 is configured to reflect light emitted from the display device to the eye box area 003 and transmit ambient light.
  • a user located in the eye box area 003 can watch the image 002 reflected by the display device reflected by the reflective imaging unit 800 and the environmental scene on the side of the reflective imaging unit 800 away from the eye box area 003 .
  • the image light emitted by the display device is incident on the reflective imaging part 800, and the light reflected by the reflective imaging part 800 is incident on the user, such as the eye box area 003 where the driver's eyes are located. virtual image without affecting the user's observation of the external environment.
  • the above-mentioned eye box area 003 refers to a plane area where the user's eyes are located and the image displayed on the head-up display can be seen.
  • the user's eyes deviate from the center of the eye box area by a certain distance, such as moving up and down, left and right by a certain distance, the user's eyes are still in the eye box area, and the user can still see the image displayed on the head-up display.
  • the reflective imaging unit 800 can be a windshield (such as a windshield) or an imaging window of a motor vehicle, respectively corresponding to a windshield-type head-up display (Windshield-HUD, W-HUD) and a combined head-up display. (Combiner-HUD, C-HUD).
  • the reflective imaging part 800 can be a flat plate, which forms a virtual image through mirror reflection; it can also be a curved surface, such as a windshield or a transparent imaging plate with curvature, etc., which will provide farther imaging distance.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the head-up display including the above-mentioned display device.
  • the head-up display may also include the light guide device shown in any example of FIGS. It is configured to reflect the light emitted by the light guide device to the viewing area of the head-up display.
  • the light emitted by the light guiding device can directly be incident on the reflective imaging part without passing through any optical elements or devices, and the light emitted by the light guiding device can also pass through other optical elements (such as mirrors, lenses, etc.) or other devices (such as liquid crystals, etc.) display panel) and then incident to the reflective imaging unit.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the head-up display including the above-mentioned display device, the head-up display may also include a light source device, and the above-mentioned reflective imaging part, the reflective imaging part is configured to reflect the light emitted by the light source device to the observation area of the head-up display; the light source The device includes the light guide device described in any one of the above embodiments and a light source part, and the light emitted by the light source part enters the light guide device.
  • the light emitted by the light source device may directly be incident on the reflective imaging part without passing through any optical elements or devices, and the light emitted by the light source device may also pass through other optical elements (such as mirrors, lenses, etc.) or other devices (such as liquid crystal display panels). ) and then incident on the reflective imaging unit.
  • other optical elements such as mirrors, lenses, etc.
  • other devices such as liquid crystal display panels
  • a transportation device including: the above-mentioned light guide device, or the above-mentioned light source device, or the above-mentioned head-up display.
  • Fig. 18 is an exemplary block diagram of a transportation device provided according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the transportation device includes a head-up display provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the front window (for example, the front windshield) of the traffic equipment is multiplexed as the reflective imaging part 800 of the head-up display.
  • the traffic equipment can be various appropriate means of transportation, for example, it can include various types of land transportation equipment such as automobiles, or can be water transportation equipment such as boats, or can be air transportation equipment such as airplanes, which are provided with windshields. window (for example, at least one of the front windshield, side windshield, and rear windshield) and transmits an image onto the windshield through the onboard display system.
  • land transportation equipment such as automobiles
  • water transportation equipment such as boats
  • air transportation equipment such as airplanes
  • window for example, at least one of the front windshield, side windshield, and rear windshield

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Abstract

A light guide device, a light source device, a head-up display, and traffic equipment. The light guide device comprises: a plurality of optical coupling-out portions comprising a plurality of first optical coupling-out portions, at least some of the plurality of first optical coupling-out portions being configured to emit a part of the light propagated to the first optical coupling-out portion out of a light guide device by means of one of reflection and transmission, and make another part of the light propagated to the first optical coupling-out portion continue to be propagated in the light guide device by means of the other of reflection and transmission. The number of reflectivity types of the plurality of first optical coupling-out portions is less than the number of the plurality of first optical coupling-out portions; or the reflectivity of at least two first optical coupling-out portions is identical.

Description

导光装置、光源装置、抬头显示器和交通设备Light guide devices, light source devices, head-up displays and traffic equipment
相关申请的交叉引用Cross References to Related Applications
本申请是以CN申请号为202110968864.2、202121988084.6、202110970433.X和202121989856.8，申请日均为2021年8月23日的申请为基础，并主张其优先权，该CN申请的公开内容在此作为整体引入本申请中。This application is based on the applications of CN application numbers 202110968864.2, 202121988084.6, 202110970433.X and 202121989856.8, all of which were filed on August 23, 2021, and claims its priority. The disclosure content of this CN application is hereby incorporated as a whole In this application.
技术领域technical field
本公开至少一个实施例涉及一种导光装置、光源装置、抬头显示器和交通设备。At least one embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a light guide device, a light source device, a head-up display and traffic equipment.
背景技术Background technique
抬头显示(head up display，HUD)是通过反射式的光学设计，将像源发出的图像光(包括例如车速等车辆信息或其他信息)投射到成像窗(成像板)或者交通工具(例如汽车)的挡风玻璃上，以使用户(例如驾驶员)无需低头就可以直接看到画面，避免用户在驾驶过程中低头看仪表盘所导致的分心，这样提高驾驶安全系数，同时也能带来更好的驾驶体验。The head up display (HUD) projects the image light from the image source (including vehicle information such as vehicle speed or other information) to the imaging window (imaging plate) or vehicle (such as a car) through a reflective optical design. on the windshield of the windshield, so that the user (such as the driver) can directly see the picture without looking down, avoiding the distraction caused by the user looking down at the instrument panel during driving, which improves the driving safety factor and also brings Better driving experience.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本公开提供了一种导光装置，包括：多个光耦出部，其包括多个第一光耦出部，所述多个第一光耦出部中的至少部分被配置为将传播至所述第一光耦出部的光线的一部分通过反射和透射之一射出所述导光装置，且通过反射和透射的另一者使得传播至所述第一光耦出部的光线的另一部分继续在所述导光装置中传播。The present disclosure provides a light guide device, including: a plurality of light outcoupling parts, including a plurality of first light outcoupling parts, at least some of the first light outcoupling parts are configured to transmit to A part of the light of the first light out-coupling part exits the light guide device through one of reflection and transmission, and the other part of the light propagates to the first light out-coupling part through the other of reflection and transmission Continue to propagate in the light guide.
在本公开第一方面的一些实施例中，所述多个第一光耦出部的反射率种类数量小于所述多个第一光耦出部的数量。In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present disclosure, the number of reflectivity types of the plurality of first light outcoupling portions is smaller than the number of the plurality of first light outcoupling portions.
在本公开第二方面的一些实施例中，至少两个所述第一光耦出部的反射率相同。In some embodiments of the second aspect of the present disclosure, at least two of the first light outcoupling portions have the same reflectivity.
例如，第一光耦出部将入射至其的光线的至少部分反射出导光装置，在这种情况下，通过所述多个第一光耦出部具有重复的反射率可以减少光耦出部的种类。For example, the first light out-coupling parts reflect at least part of the light incident on it out of the light guiding device, in this case, the light out-coupling can be reduced by the plurality of first light out-coupling parts having repeated reflectivity. The type of department.
在本公开第三方面的一些实施例中，所述第一光耦出部的透射率种类数量小于所述多个第一光耦出部的数量。In some embodiments of the third aspect of the present disclosure, the number of transmittance types of the first light outcoupling portion is smaller than the number of the plurality of first light outcoupling portions.
例如，第一光耦出部将入射至其的光线的至少部分透射出导光装置，在这种情况下，通过所述多个第一光耦出部具有重复的透射率可以减少光耦出部的种类。For example, the first light outcoupling portion transmits at least part of the light incident on it out of the light guiding device, in this case, the light outcoupling can be reduced by the repeated transmittance of the plurality of first light outcoupling portions. The type of department.
在本公开第四方面的一些实施例中，至少两个所述第一光耦出部的透射率相同。In some embodiments of the fourth aspect of the present disclosure, at least two of the first light outcoupling portions have the same transmittance.
在本公开第五方面的一些实施例中，多个第一光耦出部包括M个光耦出组；M为大于0的正整数。In some embodiments of the fifth aspect of the present disclosure, the plurality of first light outcoupling sections includes M light outcoupling groups; M is a positive integer greater than 0.
根据本公开的第一至第五任一方面的一些实施例，所述多个第一光耦出部包括设置有反射介质的光耦出部，至少部分第一光耦出部设置有具有第一反射率的反射介质，所述至少部分第一光耦出部的至少两个第一光耦出部中，具有第一反射率的所述反射介质占相应的所述第一光耦出部的面积比不同以使所述至少两个第一光耦出部的反射率或透射率不同；和/或，所述多个第一光耦出部包括设置有反射介质的光耦出部，至少一个第一光耦出部设置的所述反射介质包括至少两种不同反射率或不同透射率，且所述多个第一光耦出部设置的反射介质的反射率种类数量或透射率种类数量小于所述多个第一光耦出部的数量；和/或所述多个第一光耦出部包括M个第一光耦出组，至少一个第一光耦出组中的每个第一光耦出组包括具有预设反射率(或预设透射率)的至少两个第一光耦出部，且位于不同第一光耦出组的所述第一光耦出部的反射率(或透射率)不同，M为大于0的正整数，例如M为大于1的正整数。According to some embodiments of any one of the first to fifth aspects of the present disclosure, the plurality of first light outcoupling parts include light outcoupling parts provided with a reflective medium, at least some of the first light outcoupling parts are provided with A reflection medium with a reflectivity, in at least two first light outcoupling parts of the at least part of the first light outcoupling parts, the reflection medium with a first reflectivity accounts for the corresponding first light outcoupling part The area ratios of the at least two first light outcoupling parts are different so that the reflectance or transmittance of the at least two first light outcoupling parts is different; and/or, the plurality of first light outcoupling parts include light outcoupling parts provided with reflective media, The reflective medium provided by at least one first optical coupling part includes at least two different reflectances or different transmittances, and the number of reflectance types or the type of transmittance of the reflective media provided by the plurality of first optical coupling parts The number is less than the number of the plurality of first light outcoupling parts; and/or the plurality of first light outcoupling parts include M first light outcoupling groups, each of at least one first light outcoupling group The first light outcoupling group includes at least two first light outcoupling parts with a preset reflectivity (or preset transmittance), and the reflections of the first light outcoupling parts located in different first light outcoupling groups rate (or transmittance), M is a positive integer greater than 0, for example, M is a positive integer greater than 1.
在第一方面至第五方面中任一项的上述导光装置中，在一些实施例中，所述多个第一光耦出 部依次排列并且倾斜方向相同，并且倾斜方向相同的该多个第一光耦出部具有重复的光耦出率。In the above-mentioned light guide device according to any one of the first aspect to the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the plurality of first light outcoupling parts are arranged in sequence and have the same inclination direction, and the plurality of the first light outcoupling parts with the same inclination direction The first light outcoupling portion has a repeated light outcoupling ratio.
在第一方面或第二方面的上述导光装置中，在一些实施例中，所述多个第一光耦出部沿所述光线在所述导光装置中的传播方向排列；和/或，沿所述多个第一光耦出部的排列方向，所述多个第一光耦出部的反射率呈区域性地逐渐增大。In the light guide device of the first aspect or the second aspect, in some embodiments, the plurality of first light outcoupling parts are arranged along the propagation direction of the light in the light guide device; and/or , along the arrangement direction of the plurality of first light outcoupling portions, the reflectivity of the plurality of first light outcoupling portions gradually increases regionally.
在第一方面至第五方面中任一项的上述导光装置中，在一些实施例中，所述导光装置包括多个出光区，所述多个第一光耦出部与所述多个出光区一一对应，所述多个出光区被配置为出射被对应的所述第一光耦出部耦出的光线，且任意两个出光区出射的光线的强度差不大于所述任意两个出光区之一出射的光线的强度的20％。In the above-mentioned light guide device according to any one of the first aspect to the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the light guide device includes a plurality of light output areas, and the plurality of first light outcoupling parts and the plurality of There is a one-to-one correspondence between the light exit regions, the plurality of light exit regions are configured to emit the light coupled out by the corresponding first light coupling part, and the intensity difference of the light emitted by any two light exit regions is not greater than that of any two light exit regions. 20% of the intensity of light emitted from one of the two light exit areas.
在第一方面至第五方面中任一项的上述导光装置中，在一些实施例中，任意两个出光区不交叠；或者，至少两个相邻的出光区交叠。In any one of the above-mentioned light guide devices from the first aspect to the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, any two light exit regions do not overlap; or, at least two adjacent light exit regions overlap.
在第一方面至第五方面中任一项的上述导光装置中，在一些实施例中，所述导光装置还包括：导光介质，被配置为使得进入所述导光介质的光线进行全反射传播和/或非全反射传播；和/或，所述导光装置包括具有多个第一光耦出部的第一光耦出部阵列，所述导光装置还包括：第二光耦出部阵列，包括所述多个光耦出部中的多个第二光耦出部，所述多个第二光耦出部中的至少部分被配置为部分透射且部分反射传播至所述第二光耦出部的光线，以使所述光线的一部分射出所述导光装置，且使所述光线的另一部分继续在所述导光装置中传播；其中，所述第一光耦出部阵列与所述第二光耦出部阵列在所述多个第一光耦出部的排列方向上依次设置；或者，所述第一光耦出部阵列与所述第二光耦出部阵列在垂直于所述多个第一光耦出部的排列方向的方向上交叠。In any one of the first to fifth aspects, in the above-mentioned light guide device, in some embodiments, the light guide device further includes: a light guide medium configured to make light entering the light guide medium total reflection propagation and/or non-total reflection propagation; and/or, the light guide device includes a first light outcoupler array having a plurality of first light outcouplers, and the light guide device further includes: a second light An array of outcouplers, including a plurality of second light outcouplers among the plurality of light outcouplers, at least some of the plurality of second light outcouplers are configured to be partially transmissive and partially reflected to propagate to all The light from the second optical coupling output part, so that part of the light exits the light guide device, and the other part of the light continues to propagate in the light guide device; wherein, the first optical coupler The output array and the second optical output array are sequentially arranged in the arrangement direction of the plurality of first optical output units; or, the first optical output array and the second optical output The portion arrays overlap in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the plurality of first light outcoupling portions.
在第一方面至第五方面中任一项的上述导光装置中，在一些实施例中，所述导光装置包括第一导光元件和第二导光元件，进入所述导光装置的光线经所述第一导光元件传输至所述第二导光元件，所述第二导光元件包括具有所述多个第一光耦出部的第一光耦出部阵列，所述第一导光元件包括被配置为传播所述光线的介质以及至少一个反射面，所述至少一个反射面被配置为对入射至所述第一导光元件的光线进行至少一次反射以使所述光线传播至所述第二导光元件。In the above-mentioned light guiding device according to any one of the first aspect to the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the light guiding device includes a first light guiding element and a second light guiding element, and the light entering the light guiding device The light is transmitted to the second light guide element through the first light guide element, the second light guide element includes a first light outcoupler array with the plurality of first light outcouplers, and the first light outcoupler A light guide element includes a medium configured to transmit the light and at least one reflective surface configured to reflect the light incident on the first light guide element at least once so that the light transmitted to the second light guiding element.
在第一方面至第五方面中任一项的上述导光装置中，在一些实施例中，所述介质包括气体或者透明基板，所述介质与所述至少一个反射面的至少部分为彼此独立的结构；或者，所述介质包括所述至少一个反射面的至少部分；和/或，所述导光装置还包括：光转化部，所述光转化部包括偏振分光元件和偏振转化结构，所述偏振分光元件被配置为将射向所述偏振分光元件的光线分光处理为第一偏振光和第二偏振光；所述偏振转化结构被配置为将所述偏振分光元件分光处理后得到的所述第二偏振光转化为第三偏振光，所述第三偏振光与所述第一偏振光的偏振态相同，其中，所述第二导光元件被配置为传输所述第一偏振光和所述第三偏振光；和/或，所述至少一个反射面包括至少两个子反射面，入射到所述第一导光元件的光线的发散角为θ，所述至少两个子反射面中包括彼此相对的两个子反射面，彼此相对的所述两个子反射面之间的夹角大于0°且小于等于θ；或者，彼此相对的所述两个子反射面平行。In the above-mentioned light guide device according to any one of the first aspect to the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the medium includes a gas or a transparent substrate, and the medium and at least part of the at least one reflective surface are independent of each other Or, the medium includes at least part of the at least one reflective surface; and/or, the light guide device further includes: a light conversion part, the light conversion part includes a polarization splitting element and a polarization conversion structure, the The polarization beam-splitting element is configured to split the light directed towards the polarization beam-splitting element into first polarized light and second polarized light; converting the second polarized light into third polarized light, the third polarized light having the same polarization state as the first polarized light, wherein the second light guiding element is configured to transmit the first polarized light and The third polarized light; and/or, the at least one reflective surface includes at least two sub-reflective surfaces, the divergence angle of the light incident on the first light guide element is θ, and the at least two sub-reflective surfaces include For the two sub-reflecting surfaces facing each other, the angle between the two sub-reflecting surfaces facing each other is greater than 0° and less than or equal to θ; or, the two sub-reflecting surfaces facing each other are parallel.
在第一方面、第二方面或第五方面的上述导光装置中，在一些实施例中，所述多个第一光耦出部包括M个光耦出组；其中，所述M个光耦出组的至少一个光耦出组中的每个光耦出组包括具有预设反射率的至少两个第一光耦出部，且位于不同光耦出组的所述第一光耦出部的反射率不同，M为大于1的正整数；或者所述M个光耦出组的至少一个光耦出组中的每个光耦出组包括具有预设透射率的至少两个第一光耦出部，且位于不同光耦出组的所述第一光耦出部的透射率不同，M为大于1的正整数；或者所述M个光耦出组的至少一个光耦出组中的每个光耦出组包括具有相同反射率的至少两个第一光耦出部，M为大于0的正整数。In the above-mentioned light guide device of the first aspect, the second aspect, or the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the plurality of first light outcoupling parts include M light outcoupling groups; wherein, the M light outcoupling groups Each of the at least one optical out-coupling group of the out-coupling group includes at least two first optical out-coupling parts with a preset reflectivity, and the first optical out-coupling parts located in different optical out-coupling groups The reflectance of the parts is different, and M is a positive integer greater than 1; or each of the at least one light outgroup of the M light outgroups includes at least two first light outgroups with a preset transmittance An optical coupling part, and the transmittance of the first optical coupling part located in different optical coupling groups is different, M is a positive integer greater than 1; or at least one optical coupling group of the M optical coupling groups Each light outcoupling group in includes at least two first light outcoupling parts with the same reflectivity, and M is a positive integer greater than 0.
在第一方面、第二方面或第五方面的上述导光装置中，在一些实施例中，所述M个光耦出组包括第一光耦出组和第二光耦出组，所述第一光耦出组中的第一光耦出部的反射率大于所述第二光耦出组中的第一光耦出部的反射率，且所述第一光耦出组中第一光耦出部的数量不大于所述第二光耦出组中第一光耦出部的数量；和/或，M个光耦出组包括第三光耦出组，所述第三光耦出组中的第一光耦出部的反射率大于其他光耦出组中的第一光耦出部的反射率，且所述第三光耦出组 仅包括一个第一光耦出部。In the above-mentioned light guiding device of the first aspect, the second aspect, or the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the M light out-coupling groups include a first light out-coupling group and a second light out-coupling group, and the The reflectivity of the first light outcoupler in the first light outcoupler group is greater than the reflectivity of the first light outcoupler in the second light outcoupler group, and the first light outcoupler in the first light outgroup The number of optocouplers is not greater than the number of first optocouplers in the second optocoupler group; and/or, the M optocoupler groups include a third optocoupler group, and the third optocoupler The reflectance of the first optical outcoupler in the output group is greater than the reflectance of the first optical outcouplers in the other optical outgroups, and the third optical outgroup includes only one first optical outcoupler.
在第一方面至第五方面中任一项的上述导光装置中，在一些实施例中，位于同一光耦出组中的所述至少两个第一光耦出部沿所述光线在所述导光装置内的传播方向上相邻设置；和/或，位于同一光耦出组中的所述至少两个第一光耦出部的倾斜方向相同。In the above-mentioned light guide device according to any one of the first aspect to the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the at least two first light outcoupling parts located in the same light outcoupling group are located along the light at the and/or, the inclination directions of the at least two first light outcoupling parts in the same light outcoupling group are the same.
在第一方面、第二方面或第五方面的上述导光装置中，在一些实施例中，所述多个第一光耦出部包括设置有反射介质的第一光耦出部，至少部分第一光耦出部设置有具有第一反射率的反射介质，所述至少部分第一光耦出部的至少两个第一光耦出部中，具有第一反射率的所述反射介质占相应的所述第一光耦出部的面积比不同以使所述至少两个第一光耦出部的反射率不同。In the above-mentioned light guide device of the first aspect, the second aspect, or the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the plurality of first light outcoupling parts include first light outcoupling parts provided with a reflective medium, at least partially The first optical coupling part is provided with a reflective medium with a first reflectivity, and among at least two first optical coupling parts of the at least part of the first optical coupling part, the reflective medium with the first reflectivity occupies Correspondingly, the area ratios of the first light outcoupling parts are different so that the reflectances of the at least two first light outcoupling parts are different.
在第一方面、第二方面或第五方面的上述导光装置中，在一些实施例中，所述多个第一光耦出部包括设置有反射介质的第一光耦出部，至少一个第一光耦出部设置的所述反射介质包括至少两种不同反射率。In the above-mentioned light guiding device of the first aspect, the second aspect or the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the plurality of first light outcoupling parts include first light outcoupling parts provided with a reflective medium, at least one The reflective medium provided in the first optical outcoupling part includes at least two different reflectivities.
在第一方面、第二方面或第五方面的上述导光装置中，在一些实施例中，所述多个第一光耦出部的面积相同，且同一第一光耦出部设置的反射介质为具有同一种反射率的反射介质；或者，所述多个第一光耦出部中的每个第一光耦出部设置的反射介质均为具有第一反射率的所述反射介质；或者，所述第一光耦出部的反射率与其设置的所述反射介质的面积呈正相关。In the above-mentioned light guide device of the first aspect, the second aspect or the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the areas of the plurality of first light outcoupling parts are the same, and the reflections provided by the same first light outcoupling part The medium is a reflective medium with the same reflectivity; or, the reflective medium provided for each of the first optical outcouplers in the plurality of first optical outcouplers is the reflective medium with the first reflectivity; Alternatively, the reflectivity of the first light outcoupling portion is positively correlated with the area of the reflective medium on which it is disposed.
在第一方面、第二方面或第五方面的上述导光装置中，在一些实施例中，所述多个第一光耦出部包括至少两个第一光耦出组，所述至少两个第一光耦出组的至少一个第一光耦出组中包括至少两个第一光耦出部，且同一第一光耦出组中至少两个所述第一光耦出部设置的反射介质为具有同一种反射率的反射介质，位于不同第一光耦出组的第一光耦出部设置的反射介质为具有不同反射率的反射介质。In the above-mentioned light guide device according to the first aspect, the second aspect or the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the plurality of first light outcoupling parts include at least two first light outcoupling groups, and the at least two At least one of the first light out-coupling groups includes at least two first light out-coupling parts, and at least two of the first light out-coupling parts in the same first light out-coupling group The reflective media are reflective media with the same reflectivity, and the reflective media provided by the first optical coupling parts located in different first optical coupling groups are reflective media with different reflectivity.
在第一方面、第二方面或第五方面的上述导光装置中，在一些实施例中，设置具有不同反射率的反射介质的至少两个第一光耦出部中，所述反射介质占相应的所述第一光耦出部的面积比相同；或者，包括至少两个第一光耦出部的第一光耦出组中，所述第一光耦出部的反射率与其设置的所述反射介质的面积呈正相关。In the above-mentioned light guiding device of the first aspect, the second aspect or the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, in at least two first light outcoupling portions provided with reflective media with different reflectivities, the reflective media occupy The area ratios of the corresponding first light outcoupling parts are the same; or, in the first light outcoupling group including at least two first light outcoupling parts, the reflectivity of the first light outcoupling parts is the same as that set The area of the reflective medium is positively correlated.
在第一方面、第二方面或第五方面的上述导光装置中，在一些实施例中，至少两个第一光耦出部中，每个第一光耦出部设置的所述反射介质包括反射率不同的至少两种反射介质，不同第一光耦出部中，具有所述第一反射率的一种反射介质占相应的所述第一光耦出部的面积比不同，以使不同第一光耦出部的反射率不同；或者，至少两个第一光耦出部中，每个第一光耦出部设置的所述反射介质包括反射率不同的至少两种反射介质，不同第一光耦出部的反射率不同；不同第一光耦出部中，所述反射介质占相应的所述第一光耦出部的表面的面积比相同，或者，不同第一光耦出部中，所述反射介质占相应的所述第一光耦出部的表面的面积比不同。In the above-mentioned light guide device of the first aspect, the second aspect, or the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, in at least two first light outcoupling parts, the reflective medium provided for each first light outcoupling part Including at least two kinds of reflective media with different reflectivity, in different first light outcoupling parts, the area ratio of one kind of reflective medium with the first reflectivity to the corresponding first light outcoupling part is different, so that The reflectivity of different first optical coupling parts is different; or, in at least two first optical coupling parts, the reflective medium provided for each first optical coupling part includes at least two kinds of reflective media with different reflectances, The reflectivity of different first optical coupling parts is different; in different first optical coupling parts, the area ratio of the reflective medium to the surface of the corresponding first optical coupling part is the same, or, different first optical coupling parts In the out-coupling parts, the area ratio of the reflective medium to the surface of the corresponding first light out-coupling part is different.
在第一方面、第二方面或第五方面的上述导光装置中，在一些实施例中，部分所述第一光耦出部还包括空白区域，所述空白区域包括所述第一光耦出部未设置所述反射介质的区域；或者，部分所述第一光耦出部中的每个第一光耦出部中的所述反射介质均匀分布；或者，至少一个第一光耦出部设置的所述反射介质包括一层反射膜；或者，至少一个第一光耦出部设置的所述反射介质包括堆叠设置的多层反射膜，所述多层反射膜包括五氧化二钽、二氧化钛、氧化镁、氧化锌、氧化锆、二氧化硅、氟化镁、氮化硅、氮氧化硅以及氟化铝中的多种；或者，所述至少部分第一光耦出部的至少两个第一光耦出部中，具有相同反射率的所述反射介质占相应的所述第一光耦出部的面积比不同以使所述至少两个第一光耦出部的反射率不同。In the above-mentioned light guide device according to the first aspect, the second aspect or the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, part of the first light outcoupling part further includes a blank area, and the blank area includes the first light coupler The region where the reflective medium is not provided in the output part; or, the reflective medium in each of the first light outcouplers in part of the first light outcoupler is evenly distributed; or, at least one first light outcoupler The reflective medium provided in the part includes a layer of reflective film; or, the reflective medium provided in at least one first light outcoupling part includes a stacked multilayer reflective film, and the multilayer reflective film includes tantalum pentoxide, Multiples of titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium fluoride, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, and aluminum fluoride; or, at least two of the at least part of the first optical coupling part In one first optical outcoupling part, the reflective medium with the same reflectivity occupies a different area ratio of the corresponding first light outcoupling part, so that the reflectance of the at least two first light outcoupling parts is different .
在第一方面至第五方面中任一项的上述导光装置中，在一些实施例中，所述光耦出部为透反元件。In the above-mentioned light guide device according to any one of the first aspect to the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the light outcoupling portion is a transflective element.
在第一方面至第五方面中任一项的上述导光装置中，在一些实施例中，所述多个第一光耦出部中反射率最大的第一光耦出部的反射率不小于90％。In the above-mentioned light guiding device according to any one of the first aspect to the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the reflectance of the first light outcoupling portion with the largest reflectance among the plurality of first light outcoupling portions is not greater than Less than 90%.
在第三方面或第四方面的上述导光装置中，在一些实施例中，所述多个第一光耦出部依次排列并且倾斜方向相同，并且至少两个所述第一光耦出部都具有预设透射率。In the above-mentioned light guiding device of the third aspect or the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the plurality of first light outcoupling parts are arranged in sequence and have the same inclination direction, and at least two of the first light outcoupling parts Both have a preset transmittance.
根据本公开的第六方面，提供了一种光源装置，包括：光源部；以及如前所述的导光装置，所述光源部发出的光线进入所述导光装置。According to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a light source device, comprising: a light source part; and the above-mentioned light guide device, wherein light emitted by the light source part enters the light guide device.
在一些实施例中，所述光源装置还包括：扩散结构，位于所述导光装置的出光侧，配置为将所述导光装置输出的光线扩散；和/或所述光源部包括光源和反射导光结构，所述反射导光结构被配置为将所述光源发出的光线调节至预定发散角，所述预定发散角的角度范围包括40度以内。In some embodiments, the light source device further includes: a diffusion structure, located on the light output side of the light guide device, configured to diffuse the light output by the light guide device; and/or the light source part includes a light source and a reflector A light guide structure, the reflective light guide structure is configured to adjust the light emitted by the light source to a predetermined divergence angle, and the angle range of the predetermined divergence angle is within 40 degrees.
根据本公开的第七方面，提供了一种抬头显示器，包括：显示装置，包括：显示面板以及如前所述的光源装置；以及反射成像部，被配置为将所述显示装置出射的光线反射至所述抬头显示器的观察区；或者，所述抬头显示器包括：反射成像部以及如前所述的导光装置，其中，所述反射成像部被配置为将所述导光装置出射的光线反射至所述抬头显示器的观察区；或者，所述抬头显示器包括：反射成像部以及如前所述的光源装置，其中，所述反射成像部被配置为将所述光源装置出射的光线反射至所述抬头显示器的观察区。According to a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a head-up display, comprising: a display device including: a display panel and the aforementioned light source device; and a reflective imaging unit configured to reflect light emitted from the display device to the viewing area of the head-up display; or, the head-up display includes: a reflective imaging part and the aforementioned light guide device, wherein the reflective imaging part is configured to reflect the light emitted by the light guide device to the observation area of the head-up display; or, the head-up display includes: a reflective imaging part and the light source device as described above, wherein the reflective imaging part is configured to reflect the light emitted by the light source device to the The viewing area of the head-up display described above.
根据本公开的第八方面，提供了一种交通设备，包括：如前所述的导光装置，或者如前所述的光源装置，或者如前所述的抬头显示器。According to an eighth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a transportation device, comprising: the aforementioned light guide device, or the aforementioned light source device, or the aforementioned head-up display.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本公开的一些实施例，而非对本公开的限制。In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure more clearly, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than limiting the present disclosure .
图1为根据本公开实施例提供的导光装置的局部截面结构示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图2为根据本公开实施例的另一示例提供的导光装置的局部截面结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图3为根据本公开实施例的另一示例提供的导光装置的局部截面结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图4为根据本公开实施例的另一示例提供的导光装置的局部截面结构示意图；Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图5为根据本公开实施例的另一示例提供的导光装置的局部截面结构示意图；Fig. 5 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图6为根据本公开实施例的另一示例提供的导光装置的局部截面结构示意图；Fig. 6 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图7为根据本公开实施例的另一示例提供的导光装置的局部截面结构示意图；Fig. 7 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图8为根据本公开提供的光源装置的截面结构示意图；8 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a light source device provided according to the present disclosure;
图9为根据本公开实施例提供的显示装置的局部截面结构示意图；9 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a display device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图10为根据本公开实施例提供的导光装置的局部截面结构示意图；FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图11A至图11H为根据本公开实施例提供的透反元件的局部平面结构示意图；11A to 11H are schematic diagrams of a partial planar structure of a transflective element provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图12A和图12B为根据本公开实施例的另一示例提供的透反元件的局部平面结构示意图；FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B are schematic diagrams of a partial planar structure of a transflective element provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图13A和图13B为根据本公开实施例的另一示例提供的透反元件的局部平面结构示意图；FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B are schematic diagrams of a partial planar structure of a transflective element provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图14A和图14B为根据本公开实施例的另一示例提供的透反元件的局部平面结构示意图；FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B are schematic diagrams of a partial planar structure of a transflective element provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图15为根据本公开实施例的另一示例提供的导光装置的局部截面结构示意图；Fig. 15 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图16为根据本公开实施例的另一示例提供的显示装置的局部截面结构示意图；以及FIG. 16 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a display device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure; and
图17为根据本公开实施例提供的抬头显示器的局部截面结构示意图；Fig. 17 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a head-up display provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图18为根据本公开另一实施例提供的交通设备的示例性框图。Fig. 18 is an exemplary block diagram of a transportation device provided according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Apparently, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of them. Based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。为了清晰起 见，在用于描述本公开的实施例的附图中的元件可能被放大或缩小，即这些附图不限制实际的比例。本公开中提及的“至少一个”指的是“一个或多个”，本公开中提及的“多个”指“至少两个”，即“两个或两个以上”。Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present disclosure shall have the usual meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the present disclosure belongs. "First", "second" and similar words used in the present disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Comprising" or "comprising" and similar words mean that the elements or items appearing before the word include the elements or items listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or items. Elements in the drawings used to describe the embodiments of the present disclosure may be exaggerated or reduced for clarity, ie, the drawings do not limit the actual scale. "At least one" mentioned in the present disclosure means "one or more", and "a plurality" mentioned in the present disclosure means "at least two", that is, "two or more".
下面结合附图及具体实施例对本公开实施例提供的导光装置、光源装置、抬头显示器以及交通设备进行描述，需要说明的是，相同部件可以采用相同的设置方式，本公开所有实施例均适用于导光装置、光源装置、抬头显示器以及交通设备等多个保护主题，相同或类似的内容在每个保护主题中不再重复，可参考其他保护主题对应的实施例中的描述。The light guide device, light source device, head-up display and traffic equipment provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the same components can be arranged in the same way, and all embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable. For multiple protection topics such as light guide device, light source device, head-up display, and traffic equipment, the same or similar content will not be repeated in each protection topic, and reference can be made to the descriptions in the embodiments corresponding to other protection topics.
在研究中，本申请的发明人发现，对于采用透反元件阵列作为耦出元件的导光元件而言，该透反元件阵列的反射率是逐渐变化且彼此不同的。例如沿光线在导光元件中的传播方向，上述透反元件阵列中的多个透反元件的反射率是逐渐增加的。例如，多个透反元件的数量可以为8个，沿光线在导光元件中的传播方向，8个透反元件的反射率可以依次分别设置为1/8、1/7、1/6、1/5、1/4、1/3、1/2以及1，每个透反元件上设置具有不同反射率的反射膜，则8个透反元件上可以设置8种不同反射率的反射膜。因此，对于同一导光元件而言，其往往需要很多种不同反射率的透反元件，每一个透反元件都需要加工设计，增加了成本。During research, the inventors of the present application found that, for a light guide element using a transflective element array as an outcoupling element, the reflectivity of the transflective element array changes gradually and is different from each other. For example, along the propagation direction of the light in the light guide element, the reflectivity of the multiple transflective elements in the transflective element array increases gradually. For example, the number of transflective elements can be 8, and the reflectivity of the 8 transflective elements can be respectively set to 1/8, 1/7, 1/6, 1/5, 1/4, 1/3, 1/2 and 1, each transflective element is equipped with a reflective film with different reflectivity, then 8 transflective elements can be equipped with 8 kinds of reflective films with different reflectivity . Therefore, for the same light guide element, many kinds of transreflective elements with different reflectivity are often required, and each transflective element needs to be processed and designed, which increases the cost.
本公开至少一实施例提供一种导光装置、光源装置、抬头显示器和交通设备。导光装置包括：多个光耦出部，其包括多个第一光耦出部，多个第一光耦出部中的至少部分被配置为将传播至第一光耦出部的光线的一部分通过反射和透射之一射出导光装置，且通过反射和透射的另一者使得传播至第一光耦出部的光线的另一部分继续在导光装置中传播，其中，多个第一光耦出部的反射率种类数量或透射率种类数量小于多个第一光耦出部的数量；或者，所述至少两个第一光耦出部的反射率或透射率相同。At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a light guide device, a light source device, a head-up display, and traffic equipment. The light guide device includes: a plurality of light outcoupling parts, including a plurality of first light outcoupling parts, at least part of the plurality of first light outcoupling parts is configured to A part exits the light guide device through one of reflection and transmission, and the other part of the light propagating to the first light outcoupling part continues to propagate in the light guide device through the other of reflection and transmission, wherein the plurality of first lights The number of reflectance types or the number of transmittance types of the outcoupling parts is smaller than the number of the plurality of first light outcoupling parts; or, the reflectance or transmittance of the at least two first light outcoupling parts is the same.
需要说明的是，上述“反射率或透射率相同”包括但不限于反射率或透射率绝对的相同，而是可以在一定的误差范围内，即，反射率相同在一定的误差范围内，透射率相同在一定的误差范围内。It should be noted that the above-mentioned "same reflectance or transmittance" includes but is not limited to absolutely the same reflectance or transmittance, but can be within a certain error range, that is, the reflectance is the same within a certain error range, and the transmittance The rates are the same within a certain margin of error.
在一些实施例中，多个第一光耦出部包括M个光耦出组；M个光耦出组的至少一个光耦出组中的每个光耦出组包括具有相同反射率的至少两个第一光耦出部，M为大于0的正整数，例如M等于1或为大于1的正整数。为便于描述，将不同第一光耦出部具有的同一反射率称为重复反射率，并且“所述至少两个第一光耦出部的反射率相同”意味着重复反射率可以为1个或者为多个(该多个重复反射率为不同的反射率)；当重复反射率为1个时，多个第一光耦出部包括1个光耦出组，即此时M等于1；相应地，当重复反射率为多个时，M大于1。In some embodiments, the plurality of first optical out-coupling sections include M optical out-coupling groups; each optical out-coupling group in at least one of the M optical out-coupling groups includes at least one optical out-coupling group with the same reflectivity For the two first light coupling parts, M is a positive integer greater than 0, for example, M is equal to 1 or is a positive integer greater than 1. For the convenience of description, the same reflectivity of different first optical coupling parts is called repeated reflectivity, and "the reflectivity of the at least two first optical coupling parts is the same" means that the repeated reflectivity can be one Or multiple (the multiple repeated reflectances have different reflectances); when the repeated reflectance is one, a plurality of first light outcoupling parts include one light outcoupling group, that is, M is equal to 1 at this time; Correspondingly, M is greater than 1 when there are multiple repeating reflectances.
在一些实施例中，M个光耦出组的至少一个光耦出组中的每个光耦出组包括具有预设反射率的至少两个第一光耦出部，且位于不同光耦出组的第一光耦出部的反射率不同，M为大于1的正整数。In some embodiments, each of at least one of the M optical out-coupling groups includes at least two first optical out-coupling sections with a preset reflectivity, and are located at different optical out-coupling sections. The reflectances of the first light outcoupling parts of the group are different, and M is a positive integer greater than 1.
类似地，重复透射率可以为1个或多个。M个光耦出组的至少一个光耦出组中的每个光耦出组包括具有预设透射率的至少两个第一光耦出部，且位于不同光耦出组的第一光耦出部的透射率不同，M为等于1或大于1的正整数。Similarly, the repeating transmittance can be 1 or more. Each of at least one of the M optical out-coupling groups includes at least two first optical out-coupling parts with a preset transmittance, and the first optical couplers located in different optical out-coupling groups The transmittance of the outlet is different, and M is a positive integer equal to 1 or greater than 1.
例如，所述多个光耦出部全部为透反元件，或者所述多个光耦出部部分为透反元件并且部分为反射件，或者所述多个光耦出部部分为透反元件并且部分为透射件，或者所述多个光耦出部可以为其它类型的光耦出件。For example, all of the plurality of light outcoupling parts are transflective elements, or part of the plurality of light outcoupling parts are transflective elements and part are reflective elements, or part of the plurality of light outcoupling parts are transflective elements And some of them are transmissive parts, or the plurality of light outcoupling parts can be other types of light outcoupling parts.
在后面的在一些实施例的描述中，可以以透反元件作为光耦出部为例进行描述；为了便于描述，可以将反射率为0或1的光耦出部也称为透反元件。In the following descriptions of some embodiments, a transflective element may be used as an example for description; for ease of description, a light outcoupling portion with a reflectivity of 0 or 1 may also be referred to as a transflective element.
例如，多个第一光耦出部可以相对于多个第一光耦出部的排列方向朝同一方向倾斜或非倾斜设置。For example, the plurality of first light outcoupling portions may be arranged inclined or non-inclined toward the same direction relative to the arrangement direction of the plurality of first light outcoupling portions.
例如，导光装置包括第一透反元件阵列，第一透反元件阵列包括多个第一透反元件，第一透反元件被配置为将传播至第一透反元件的光线的一部分通过反射和透射之一射出导光装置，且通过反射和透射的另一者使得传播至第一透反元件的光线的另一部分继续在导光装置中传播。多个第一透反元件包括M个透反元件组，至少一个透反元件组中的每个透反元件组包括具有预设反射率的至少两个第一透反元件，且位于不同透反元件组的第一透反元件的反射率不同，M为大于1的正整数。本公开实施例 中，通过将多个第一透反元件设置为M个透反元件组，至少有两个透反元件具有预设反射率(例如，预设反射率可以是相同的反射率)，可以减少第一透反元件阵列所需的透反膜的种类，有利于降低导光装置的成本。For example, the light guiding device includes a first transflective element array, the first transflective element array includes a plurality of first transflective elements, and the first transflective elements are configured to reflect a part of light propagating to the first transflective elements One of the transmission and transmission exits the light guide device, and the other part of the light propagating to the first transflective element continues to propagate in the light guide device through the other of reflection and transmission. The multiple first transreflective elements include M transreflective element groups, and each transreflective element group in at least one transreflective element group includes at least two first transreflective elements with preset reflectivity, and is located at different transflective elements. The reflectivity of the first transflective elements in the element group is different, and M is a positive integer greater than 1. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, by setting a plurality of first transflective elements as M transflective element groups, at least two transflective elements have a preset reflectivity (for example, the preset reflectivity can be the same reflectivity) The types of transflective films required by the first transflective element array can be reduced, which is beneficial to reduce the cost of the light guide device.
图1为根据本公开实施例提供的导光装置的局部截面结构示意图。如图1所示，第一透反元件阵列0100包括多个第一透反元件0110，至少部分第一透反元件0110被配置为将传播至第一透反元件0110的光线的一部分通过反射和透射之一射出导光装置，且通过反射和透射的另一者使得传播至第一透反元件0110的光线的另一部分继续在导光装置中传播。本公开实施例示意性的示出透反元件阵列0100中的至少部分第一透反元件0110被配置为将传播至第一透反元件0110的光线的一部分反射出导光装置，且透射光线的另一部分以使该部分光线继续在导光装置中传播。在本公开另一些实施例中，透反元件阵列中的至少部分第一透反元件被配置为将传播至第一透反元件的光线的一部分透射出导光装置，且反射光线的另一部分以使该部分光线继续在导光装置中传播。本公开实施例中，第一透反元件阵列可以作为导光装置的光耦出部，将在导光装置中传播的光线耦出至一区域。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1 , the first transreflective element array 0100 includes a plurality of first transreflective elements 0110, at least some of the first transreflective elements 0110 are configured to reflect and One of the transmissions exits the light guide device, and the other part of the light propagating to the first transflective element 0110 continues to propagate in the light guide device through the other of reflection and transmission. The embodiment of the present disclosure schematically shows that at least part of the first transflective element 0110 in the transflective element array 0100 is configured to reflect a part of the light propagating to the first transflective element 0110 out of the light guiding device, and transmit part of the light The other part allows the part of the light to continue to propagate in the light guiding device. In other embodiments of the present disclosure, at least some of the first transflective elements in the array of transflective elements are configured to transmit a part of the light propagating to the first transflective element out of the light guiding device, and reflect another part of the light to Make this part of the light continue to propagate in the light guiding device. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first transflective element array can be used as the light outcoupling part of the light guide device to couple the light propagating in the light guide device to a region.
例如，第一透反元件可以包括设置在导光装置的出光面的网点结构，可以通过破坏在导光装置中全反射传播的光线的反射角而使得一部分光线可以被网点结构透射出导光装置，一部分光线可以被网点结构反射以继续在导光装置中传播。For example, the first transflective element may include a dot structure arranged on the light-emitting surface of the light guide device, and a part of the light may be transmitted out of the light guide device by the dot structure by destroying the reflection angle of the light propagating through total reflection in the light guide device. , a part of the light can be reflected by the dot structure to continue to propagate in the light guide device.
如图1所示，多个第一透反元件0110包括M个透反元件组011，至少一个透反元件组011中的每个透反元件组011包括具有预设反射率的至少两个第一透反元件0110，且位于不同透反元件组011的第一透反元件0110的反射率不同，M为大于1的正整数。多个第一透反元件0110包括M个透反元件组011，至少一个透反元件组011中的每个透反元件组011包括反射率相同的至少两个第一透反元件0110，且位于不同透反元件组011的第一透反元件0110的反射率不同，M为大于1的正整数。上述“反射率相同”可以包括反射率完全相同和反射率大致相同，这里的“反射率大致相同”指任意两者的反射率之比为0.8～1.2，或者0.9～1.1，或者0.95～1.05。本公开实施例中，通过将多个第一透反元件设置为M个透反元件组，至少有两个透反元件反射率相同，可以减少第一透反元件阵列所需的透反膜的种类，有利于降低导光装置的成本。As shown in FIG. 1 , a plurality of first transreflective elements 0110 includes M transreflective element groups 011, and each transflective element group 011 in at least one transreflective element group 011 includes at least two second transflective elements with preset reflectivity. A transflective element 0110 , and the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 located in different transflective element groups 011 is different, and M is a positive integer greater than 1. The plurality of first transflective elements 0110 includes M transflective element groups 011, and each transflective element group 011 in at least one transreflective element group 011 includes at least two first transreflective elements 0110 with the same reflectivity, and is located at The reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 of different transflective element groups 011 is different, and M is a positive integer greater than 1. The above-mentioned "same reflectance" may include completely the same reflectance and approximately the same reflectance. Here, "approximately the same reflectance" means that the ratio of any two reflectances is 0.8-1.2, or 0.9-1.1, or 0.95-1.05. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, by arranging a plurality of first transreflective elements as M transflective element groups, at least two transflective elements have the same reflectivity, which can reduce the number of transflective films required by the first transflective element array. types, which is beneficial to reduce the cost of the light guide device.
例如，具有预设反射率的至少两个第一透反元件0110，可以是具有相同反射率的至少两个第一透反元件0110。例如，多个透反元件中距离该多个透反元件入光侧最远的一个透反元件可以具有95％以上的反射率，或者具有5％以下的透射率，例如该透反元件可以仅反射光线。For example, the at least two first transreflective elements 0110 with preset reflectivity may be at least two first transreflective elements 0110 with the same reflectivity. For example, a transreflective element farthest from the light-incident side of the plurality of transreflective elements may have a reflectivity of more than 95%, or a transmittance of less than 5%, for example, the transflective element may only Reflect light.
例如，如图1所示，多个第一透反元件0110的数量可以为N，N个第一透反元件0110包括的反射率的种类小于N种，由此可以减少第一透反元件阵列所需的透反膜的种类，有利于降低导光装置的成本。For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the number of a plurality of first transreflective elements 0110 can be N, and the types of reflectivity included in N first transreflective elements 0110 are less than N types, thereby reducing the number of first transflective element arrays. The type of the required transflective film is beneficial to reduce the cost of the light guide device.
在一些实施例中，多个第一光耦出部沿光线在导光装置中的传播方向排列。例如，如图1所示，多个第一透反元件0110沿光线在导光装置中的传播方向排列。In some embodiments, the plurality of first light outcoupling portions are arranged along the propagation direction of the light in the light guiding device. For example, as shown in FIG. 1 , a plurality of first transflective elements 0110 are arranged along the propagation direction of light in the light guide device.
在一些实施例中，沿多个第一光耦出部的排列方向，所述多个第一光耦出部的反射率呈区域性地逐渐增大。例如，沿多个第一透反元件0110的排列方向，多个第一透反元件0110的反射率呈区域性地逐渐增大。In some embodiments, along the arrangement direction of the plurality of first light outcoupling portions, the reflectivity of the plurality of first light outcoupling portions gradually increases regionally. For example, along the arrangement direction of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 , the reflectivity of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 gradually increases regionally.
上述“光线在导光装置中的传播方向”可以指光线传播的整体(宏观)的方向，例如在导光装置中光线传播的方向指图1所示的与X方向的箭头指向相同的方向，进入导光装置的光线的至少部分(例如，具有一定发散角度的光线，或者几乎所有光线)可以在导光装置中进行全反射传播，和/或也可以进行非全反射传播，本公开实施例对此不作限制。这里的“非全反射传播”指光线在导光装置中的传播为除全反射之外的反射方式，其例如可以不满足全反射条件，例如在导光装置的表面的入射角小于全反射临界角，例如入射至导光装置的光线的主方向或者入射至导光装置的光线的主光轴传播方向为平行于一直线的方向，例如可以与X方向平行，还有部分光线镜面反射后继续传播。本公开实施例中的“平行”包括完全平行和大致平行，完全平行指任意两者之间夹角为0°，大致平行指任意两者之间的夹角不大于20°，例如不大于10°，例如不大于5°。The above-mentioned "direction of propagation of light in the light guide device" can refer to the overall (macroscopic) direction of light propagation, for example, the direction of light propagation in the light guide device refers to the same direction as the arrow in the X direction as shown in Figure 1, At least part of the light entering the light guide device (for example, light with a certain divergence angle, or almost all light rays) can be propagated through total reflection in the light guide device, and/or can also be propagated through non-total reflection. Embodiments of the present disclosure There is no limit to this. The "non-total reflection propagation" here means that the propagation of light in the light guide device is a reflection mode other than total reflection, which may not satisfy the total reflection condition, for example, the incident angle on the surface of the light guide device is less than the total reflection critical Angle, for example, the main direction of the light incident to the light guide device or the main optical axis propagation direction of the light incident to the light guide device is a direction parallel to a straight line, for example, it can be parallel to the X direction, and some light rays continue after specular reflection spread. "Parallel" in the embodiments of the present disclosure includes completely parallel and approximately parallel, completely parallel means that the angle between any two is 0°, approximately parallel means that the angle between any two is not greater than 20°, for example, not greater than 10 °, for example not greater than 5°.
例如，上述区域性地逐渐增大可以指：将多个第一透反元件划分为两个或两个以上的区域(一个区 域可以指一个透反元件组，但不限于此，一个区域也可以包括两个相邻的透反元件组或者两个以上透反元件组)，上述不同区域中透反元件的反射率不同且整体上呈逐渐增大的趋势。例如，每个透反元件组包括至少两个第一透反元件。For example, the above-mentioned regional increasing gradually may refer to: dividing a plurality of first transflective elements into two or more regions (one region may refer to one group of transflective elements, but not limited thereto, one region may also be Including two adjacent groups of transflective elements or more than two groups of transflective elements), the reflectivity of the transflective elements in the above-mentioned different regions is different and generally tends to increase gradually. For example, each transflective element group includes at least two first transflective elements.
在一些实施例中，多个第一光耦出部中反射率最大的第一光耦出部的反射率不小于90％。例如，如图1所示，多个第一透反元件0110中反射率最大的第一透反元件0110的反射率不小于90％。例如，导光装置包括入光侧，距离该入光侧最远的第一透反元件0110可以为反射率最大的第一透反元件0110，该第一透反元件0110的透反面对入射在其上的光线的反射率不小于92％，或者不小于95％，或者不小于98％，如该第一透反元件0110的反射率接近或几乎为100％，该第一透反元件0110可以将入射在其透反面上的光线几乎全部反射出导光装置。In some embodiments, the reflectance of the first light out-coupling portion with the highest reflectance among the plurality of first light out-coupling portions is not less than 90%. For example, as shown in FIG. 1 , among the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 , the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 with the highest reflectivity is not less than 90%. For example, the light guide device includes a light-incident side, and the first transflective element 0110 farthest from the light-incident side may be the first transflective element 0110 with the highest reflectivity, and the transflective element 0110 has a transflective surface that is incident on The reflectivity of light on it is not less than 92%, or not less than 95%, or not less than 98%, if the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 is close to or almost 100%, the first transflective element 0110 can Almost all the light incident on its transflective surface is reflected out of the light guiding device.
在一些实施例中，导光装置包括多个出光区，多个第一光耦出部与多个出光区一一对应，多个出光区被配置为出射被对应的第一光耦出部耦出的光线。例如，如图1所示，导光装置包括多个出光区010，多个第一透反元件0110与多个出光区010一一对应，多个出光区010(例如，每个出光区)被配置为出射被对应的第一透反元件0110反射的光线。又例如，导光装置包括多个出光区，多个第一透反元件与多个出光区一一对应，多个出光区(例如，每个出光区)被配置为出射被对应的第一透反元件透射的光线。In some embodiments, the light guide device includes a plurality of light output areas, and the plurality of first optical coupling parts correspond to the plurality of light output areas one by one. out of the light. For example, as shown in FIG. 1 , the light guide device includes a plurality of light exit areas 010, and a plurality of first transflective elements 0110 correspond one-to-one to the plurality of light exit areas 010, and the plurality of light exit areas 010 (for example, each light exit area) is configured to emit light reflected by the corresponding first transflective element 0110 . For another example, the light guide device includes a plurality of light exit regions, and the plurality of first transflective elements correspond to the plurality of light exit regions, and the plurality of light exit regions (for example, each light exit region) are configured to emit the corresponding first transmissive elements. The light transmitted by the reflective element.
在一些实施例中，导光装置还包括：导光介质，被配置为使得进入导光介质的光线进行全反射传播和/或非全反射传播。例如，如图1所示，导光装置包括导光介质123，例如导光介质123包括透明材料，例如导光介质123可以是树脂、玻璃或塑料等透明材料制作而成的透明基板，透明基板被配置为将进入导光介质123的光线进行全反射传播和/或非全反射传播。例如，导光介质123包括气体，例如，空气。In some embodiments, the light guiding device further includes: a light guiding medium configured to make light rays entering the light guiding medium propagate through total reflection and/or non-total reflection. For example, as shown in Figure 1, the light guide device includes a light guide medium 123, for example, the light guide medium 123 includes a transparent material, for example, the light guide medium 123 can be a transparent substrate made of transparent materials such as resin, glass or plastic, and the transparent substrate It is configured to transmit the light entering the light guide medium 123 through total reflection and/or non-total reflection transmission. For example, the light guiding medium 123 includes gas, such as air.
例如，上述的“非全反射传播”指光线(例如部分发散角较小的光线)在导光介质123中的传播为除全反射之外的传播方式，例如光线可以在导光介质123内传播且不反射(例如在导光介质123与空气之间的界面上不反射)；或者，光线(例如部分发散角较大的光线)也可以是以非全反射的方式反射传播，例如其可以不满足全反射条件，例如导光介质123与空气(或其他介质)之间的界面上发生反射时的反射角小于全反射临界角，可以认为光线没有或很少在导光介质中发生全反射传播。例如，入射至导光介质的光线的主方向或者入射至导光介质的光线的主光轴传播方向为平行于一直线的方向，例如可以与X方向平行，还有部分光线镜面反射后继续传播。For example, the above-mentioned "non-total reflection propagation" refers to the propagation of light (such as light with a small divergence angle) in the light guide medium 123 in a way other than total reflection, for example, light can propagate in the light guide medium 123 and non-reflection (such as no reflection on the interface between the light guide medium 123 and the air); or, light (such as light with a larger divergence angle) may also reflect and propagate in a non-total reflection mode, for example, it may not Satisfy the total reflection condition, for example, when reflection occurs on the interface between the light guide medium 123 and the air (or other medium), the reflection angle is less than the critical angle of total reflection, it can be considered that the light does not or rarely propagates through total reflection in the light guide medium . For example, the main direction of the light incident to the light guide medium or the main optical axis propagation direction of the light incident to the light guide medium is a direction parallel to a straight line, for example, it can be parallel to the X direction, and some light rays continue to propagate after specular reflection .
上述的“全反射传播”可以指光线(例如部分发散角较大且满足全反射条件的光线)在导光介质123与空气(或其他介质)之间的界面上发生反射时的反射角不小于全反射临界角。例如，入射至导光介质的光线大部分全反射传播。例如，入射至导光介质的光线的一部分几乎不反射且沿直线在导光介质中传播，另一部分光线全反射后继续传播。The above-mentioned "total reflection propagation" may mean that the reflection angle of the light (for example, the light with a large divergence angle and satisfying the total reflection condition) on the interface between the light guide medium 123 and the air (or other medium) is not less than The critical angle for total reflection. For example, most of the light incident on the light-guiding medium propagates through total reflection. For example, a part of the light incident on the light guide medium hardly reflects and propagates in the light guide medium along a straight line, while another part of the light rays continues to propagate after total reflection.
例如，导光介质123由可实现波导功能的材料制成，一般为折射率大于1的透明材料。例如，导光介质123的材料可以包括二氧化硅、铌酸锂、绝缘体上硅(SOI,Silicon-on-insulator)、高分子聚合物、Ⅲ-Ⅴ族半导体化合物和玻璃等中的一种或多种。For example, the light guiding medium 123 is made of a material that can realize a waveguide function, and is generally a transparent material with a refractive index greater than 1. For example, the material of the light-guiding medium 123 may include one or more of silicon dioxide, lithium niobate, silicon-on-insulator (SOI, Silicon-on-insulator), polymer, III-V semiconductor compound, and glass. Various.
例如，导光介质123可为平面基板、条形基板和脊型基板等。例如，本公开实施例的至少一示例中，导光介质采用平面基板以形成均匀的面光源。For example, the light guide medium 123 may be a planar substrate, a stripe substrate, a ridge substrate, and the like. For example, in at least one example of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the light guide medium adopts a planar substrate to form a uniform surface light source.
例如，第一透反元件0110可采用镀设或贴覆的方式设置在导光介质123中。例如，导光介质123可被划分为多个截面为平行四边形的柱体(例如，柱体可以是平行六面体)，在拼接的柱体之间设置第一透反元件0110，即，相邻第一透反元件0110之间的介质可以为导光介质123。例如，导光介质123包括沿X方向排列且彼此贴合的多个波导子介质，相邻波导子介质之间夹设第一透反元件0110，每个波导子介质被配置为使得光线发生全内反射，第一透反元件0110被配置为通过反射破坏部分光线的全反射条件而将该部分光线耦出导光装置。For example, the first transflective element 0110 can be disposed in the light guide medium 123 by plating or cladding. For example, the light guide medium 123 can be divided into a plurality of cylinders with a parallelogram in cross-section (for example, the cylinders can be parallelepipeds), and the first transflective element 0110 is arranged between the spliced cylinders, that is, adjacent The medium between the transflective elements 0110 may be the light guiding medium 123 . For example, the light guide medium 123 includes a plurality of waveguide sub-mediums arranged along the X direction and attached to each other. The first transflective element 0110 is interposed between adjacent waveguide sub-mediums. For internal reflection, the first transflective element 0110 is configured to couple the part of the light out of the light guide device by breaking the total reflection condition of the part of the light by reflection.
例如，导光介质123为空气时，第一透反元件阵列可以用支撑板、胶粘等手段实现固定，由此可以减轻导光装置的重量，实用性较强。For example, when the light guide medium 123 is air, the first transflective element array can be fixed by a support plate, glue, etc., so that the weight of the light guide device can be reduced, and the practicability is strong.
例如，导光介质123为透明基材时，上述出光区010指导光介质123的出光面上的区域，一个第 一透反元件0110反射的光线从导光介质123的出光面出射的区域为一个出光区010。上述出光面可以是实体面，例如透明基材的一个表面。For example, when the light guide medium 123 is a transparent substrate, the above-mentioned light exit area 010 guides the area on the light exit surface of the light medium 123, and the area where the light reflected by one first transflective element 0110 exits from the light exit surface of the light guide medium 123 is one Lighting area 010. The above-mentioned light-emitting surface may be a solid surface, such as a surface of a transparent substrate.
例如，在导光装置的导光介质123为空气时，多个第一透反元件0110包括一出光侧(例如，以图4所示的多个第一透反元件0110远离第一导光元件110的一侧为其出光侧为例，多个第一透反元件0110远离第一导光元件110的一侧边缘可以位于同一平面内)，多个第一透反元件0110的位于出光侧的边缘可以位于同一平面(垂直与Y方向的平面)内，上述出光区010可以为该平面上的区域，一个第一透反元件0110反射的光线从该平面出射的区域为一个出光区010。上述出光区所在平面可以是一个非实体的虚拟面。For example, when the light guide medium 123 of the light guide device is air, the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 include a light exit side (for example, with the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 shown in FIG. 4 being away from the first light guide element One side of 110 is its light-emitting side as an example, the edge of the side of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 away from the first light guide element 110 may be located in the same plane), and the edges of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 on the light-emitting side The edge can be located in the same plane (the plane perpendicular to the Y direction), the above-mentioned light exit area 010 can be the area on the plane, and the area where the light reflected by a first transflective element 0110 emerges from the plane is a light exit area 010 . The plane where the above-mentioned light exit area is located may be a non-substantial virtual plane.
例如，导光装置包括第一导光元件和第二导光元件，进入导光装置的光线经第一导光元件传输至第二导光元件。第二导光元件包括具有多个第一光耦出部的第一光耦出部阵列。例如，第二导光元件包括第一透反元件阵列。第一导光元件包括被配置为传播光线的介质以及至少一个反射面，至少一个反射面被配置为对入射至第一导光元件的光线进行至少一次反射以使光线传播至第二导光元件。例如，介质包括气体或者透明基板，介质与至少一个反射面的至少部分为彼此独立的结构；或者介质包括至少一个反射面的至少部分。For example, the light guiding device includes a first light guiding element and a second light guiding element, and light entering the light guiding device is transmitted to the second light guiding element through the first light guiding element. The second light guiding element includes a first light out-coupling section array having a plurality of first light out-coupling sections. For example, the second light guiding element includes a first array of transflective elements. The first light guide element includes a medium configured to transmit light and at least one reflective surface configured to reflect light incident to the first light guide element at least once so that the light propagates to the second light guide element . For example, the medium includes gas or a transparent substrate, and the medium and at least part of the at least one reflective surface are independent structures; or the medium includes at least part of the at least one reflective surface.
例如，如图1所示，任意两个出光区010不交叠(例如，相接)；或者，至少两个相邻的出光区010交叠。例如，多个第一透反元件0110在垂直于Y方向的平面上的正投影没有交叠，任意两个出光区010不交叠。例如，至少两个相邻的第一透反元件0110在垂直于Y方向的平面上的正投影交叠，该至少两个相邻的第一透反元件0110对应的出光区010交叠。For example, as shown in FIG. 1 , any two light exit regions 010 do not overlap (for example, contact); or, at least two adjacent light exit regions 010 overlap. For example, the orthographic projections of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 on a plane perpendicular to the Y direction do not overlap, and any two light exit regions 010 do not overlap. For example, the orthographic projections of at least two adjacent first transflective elements 0110 on a plane perpendicular to the Y direction overlap, and the corresponding light exit areas 010 of the at least two adjacent first transflective elements 0110 overlap.
在一些实施例中，任意两个出光区出射的光线的强度差不大于该任意两个出光区之一出射的光线的强度的20％。例如，如图1所示，任意两个出光区010出射的光线的强度差不大于其中一个出光区010出射的光线的强度的20％。上述“强度”可以指亮度、光通量、照度或者光强。例如，任意两个出光区010出射的光线的强度差不大于其中一个出光区010出射的光线的强度的15％。例如，任意两个出光区010出射的光线的强度差不大于其中一个出光区010出射的光线的强度的10％。例如，任意两个出光区010出射的光线的强度差不大于其中一个出光区010出射的光线的强度的5％。例如，任意两个出光区010的亮度差在-20％的范围内。本公开实施例提供的多个第一透反元件中，通过调节至少部分第一透反元件的反射率以使任意两个出光区出射的光线的强度差不大于其中一个出光区出射的光线的强度的20％，有利于提高从导光装置出射光线的均匀性。In some embodiments, the intensity difference of the light emitted by any two light exit regions is not greater than 20% of the intensity of the light emitted by one of the arbitrary two light exit regions. For example, as shown in FIG. 1 , the difference in the intensity of light emitted by any two light exit regions 010 is not greater than 20% of the intensity of light emitted by one of the light exit regions 010 . The above "intensity" may refer to brightness, luminous flux, illuminance or light intensity. For example, the intensity difference of the light emitted by any two light exit regions 010 is not greater than 15% of the intensity of the light emitted by one of the light exit regions 010 . For example, the intensity difference of the light emitted by any two light exit regions 010 is not greater than 10% of the intensity of the light emitted by one of the light exit regions 010 . For example, the intensity difference of the light emitted by any two light exit regions 010 is not greater than 5% of the intensity of the light emitted by one of the light exit regions 010 . For example, the brightness difference between any two light exit areas 010 is within the range of -20%. Among the multiple first transflective elements provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, by adjusting the reflectivity of at least part of the first transflective elements so that the intensity difference of the light emitted by any two light exit regions is not greater than the intensity difference of the light emitted by one of the light exit regions 20% of the intensity is beneficial to improve the uniformity of light emitted from the light guide device.
在一些实施例中，位于同一光耦出组中的所述至少两个第一光耦出部沿光线在导光装置内的传播方向上相邻设置。例如，如图1所示，位于同一透反元件组011中的第一透反元件0110沿光线在导光装置内的传播方向上相邻设置。例如，一透反元件组包括两个第一透反元件0110，这两个第一透反元件0110可以为彼此相邻的透反元件。例如，一透反元件组包括三个以上第一透反元件0110，这三个以上第一透反元件0110依次排列，且任意两个第一透反元件0110中没有设置属于其他透反元件组011的第一透反元件0110。In some embodiments, the at least two first light outcoupling parts in the same light outcoupling group are arranged adjacently along the propagation direction of the light in the light guide device. For example, as shown in FIG. 1 , the first transflective elements 0110 in the same transflective element group 011 are adjacently arranged along the propagation direction of the light in the light guide device. For example, a transreflective element group includes two first transreflective elements 0110 , and the two first transreflective elements 0110 may be transreflective elements adjacent to each other. For example, a transflective element group includes more than three first transreflective elements 0110, these three or more first transreflective elements 0110 are arranged in sequence, and any two first transreflective elements 0110 are not set to belong to other transflective element groups 011 of the first transflective element 0110.
例如，如图1所示，多个第一透反元件0110的数量可以为N个(例如N为大于等于2的正整数)，例如8个，M组第一透反元件0110中的每一组中包括的第一透反元件0110具有相同的反射率，且M组中的任意两组中的第一透反元件0110的反射率不同。例如，如图1所示，M可以为5，沿光线在导光装置中的传播方向，多个第一透反元件0110的反射率可以依次设置为1/8、1/8、1/6、1/6、1/4、1/4、1/2和1，此时一组第一透反元件0110的数量为一个或者两个。本公开实施例不限于此，一组第一透反元件的数量还可以为三个或者更多个，可以根据实际产品需求进行设置。For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the number of multiple first transflective elements 0110 can be N (for example, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2), for example, 8, and each of the M groups of first transflective elements 0110 The first transflective elements 0110 included in the groups have the same reflectance, and the reflectances of the first transflective elements 0110 in any two groups of the M groups are different. For example, as shown in Figure 1, M can be 5, and along the propagation direction of the light in the light guide device, the reflectivity of a plurality of first transflective elements 0110 can be sequentially set to 1/8, 1/8, 1/6 , 1/6, 1/4, 1/4, 1/2 and 1, at this time, the number of a set of first transflective elements 0110 is one or two. The embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the number of a group of first transflective elements may be three or more, which may be set according to actual product requirements.
在一些实施例中，M个光耦出组包括第一光耦出组和第二光耦出组，第一光耦出组中的第一光耦出部的反射率大于第二光耦出组中的第一光耦出部的反射率，且第一光耦出组中第一光耦出部的数量不大于第二光耦出组中第一光耦出部的数量。In some embodiments, the M optical output groups include a first optical output group and a second optical output group, and the reflectivity of the first optical output part in the first optical output group is greater than that of the second optical output group. The reflectivity of the first light outcouplers in the group, and the number of the first light outcouplers in the first light outcoupler group is not greater than the number of the first light outcouplers in the second light outcoupler group.
例如，如图1所示，M个透反元件组011包括第一透反元件组011-1和第二透反元件组011-2，第一透反元件组011-1中的第一透反元件0110的反射率大于第二透反元件组011-2中的第一透反元件0110的反射率，且第一透反元件组011-1中第一透反元件0110的数量不大于第二透反元件组011-2中 第一透反元件0110的数量。例如，第一透反元件组011-1中的第一透反元件0110的反射率为上述1/6，第二透反元件组011-2中的第一透反元件0110的反射率为上述1/8，第一透反元件组011-1中的第一透反元件0110的数量可以等于第二透反元件组011-2中的第一透反元件0110的数量。例如，第一透反元件组011-1中的第一透反元件0110的反射率为上述1/2，第二透反元件组011-2中的第一透反元件0110的反射率为上述1/4，第一透反元件组011-1中的第一透反元件0110的数量可以小于第二透反元件组011-2中的第一透反元件0110的数量。For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the M transreflective element groups 011 include the first transreflective element group 011-1 and the second transreflective element group 011-2, and the first transflective element group 011-1 in the first transreflective element group 011-1 The reflectivity of the reflective elements 0110 is greater than the reflectivity of the first transflective elements 0110 in the second transflective element group 011-2, and the number of the first transflective elements 0110 in the first transflective element group 011-1 is not greater than that of the first transflective element group 011-1. The quantity of the first transflective element 0110 in the second transflective element group 011-2. For example, the reflectance of the first transflective element 0110 in the first transflective element group 011-1 is 1/6 above, and the reflectance of the first transflective element 0110 in the second transflective element group 011-2 is above 1/6. 1/8, the number of the first transreflective elements 0110 in the first transreflective element group 011-1 may be equal to the number of the first transreflective elements 0110 in the second transreflective element group 011-2. For example, the reflectance of the first transflective element 0110 in the first transflective element group 011-1 is 1/2 above, and the reflectance of the first transflective element 0110 in the second transflective element group 011-2 is above 1/2. 1/4, the number of the first transreflective elements 0110 in the first transreflective element group 011-1 may be less than the number of the first transreflective elements 0110 in the second transreflective element group 011-2.
例如，如图1所示，沿光线在导光装置中的传播方向，透反元件组011中包括的第一透反元件0110的数量可以呈区域性地减小。例如，最靠近导光装置的入光侧的透反元件组011中的第一透反元件0110的数量最多，最远离导光装置的入光侧的透反元件组011中的第一透反元件0110的数量最少，位于上述两个透反元件组011之间的透反元件组011中的第一透反元件0110的数量可以位于上述两个数量之间，或者与上述数量中数值较大的一个相同；位于上述两个透反元件组011之间的透反元件组011的数量可以为多个，这些透反元件组011中的第一透反元件0110的数量可以相同，也可以不同；例如，这些透反元件组011中的两个透反元件组011中的第一透反元件0110的数量不同时，靠近导光装置的入光侧的一个透反元件组011中的第一透反元件0110的数量可以大于远离导光装置的入光侧的一个透反元件组011中的第一透反元件0110的数量。For example, as shown in FIG. 1 , the number of first transflective elements 0110 included in the transflective element group 011 may be reduced regionally along the propagation direction of light in the light guide device. For example, the number of first transflective elements 0110 in the transflective element group 011 closest to the light incident side of the light guide device is the largest, and the first transreflective element group 011 in the transflective element group 011 farthest from the light incident side of the light guide device The number of elements 0110 is the least, and the number of the first transflective elements 0110 in the transflective element group 011 located between the above two transflective element groups 011 can be located between the above two numbers, or a larger value than the above number The same one; the number of transflective element groups 011 located between the above two transflective element groups 011 can be multiple, and the number of the first transflective element 0110 in these transflective element groups 011 can be the same or different ; For example, when the number of first transflective elements 0110 in two transflective element groups 011 in these transflective element groups 011 is different, the first transflective element group 011 in a transflective element group 011 close to the light incident side of the light guide device The number of transflective elements 0110 may be greater than the number of first transflective elements 0110 in a transflective element group 011 away from the light incident side of the light guide device.
在一些实施例中，M个光耦出组包括第三光耦出组，第三光耦出组中的第一光耦出部的反射率大于其他光耦出组中的第一光耦出部的反射率，且第三光耦出组仅包括一个第一光耦出部。In some embodiments, the M optical output groups include a third optical output group, and the reflectivity of the first optical output part in the third optical output group is greater than that of the first optical output parts in other optical output groups. part, and the third light out-coupling group includes only one first light out-coupling part.
例如，如图1所示，M个透反元件组011包括第三透反元件组011-3，第三透反元件组011-3中的第一透反元件0110的反射率大于其他透反元件组011中的第一透反元件0110的反射率，且第三透反元件组011-3仅包括一个第一透反元件0110。例如，如图1所示，第三透反元件组011-3为距离导光装置的入光侧最远的透反元件组011，该透反元件组011中的第一透反元件0110的反射率不小于90％。例如，该透反元件组011中的第一透反元件0110的透反面对入射在其上的光线的反射率不小于92％，或者不小于95％，或者不小于98％，如该透反元件组011中的第一透反元件0110的反射率接近或几乎为100％，即该第一透反元件0110可以将入射至其的光线几乎全部反射出导光装置。For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the M transreflective element groups 011 include a third transreflective element group 011-3, and the reflectivity of the first transreflective element 0110 in the third transreflective element group 011-3 is greater than that of other transflective elements. The reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 in the element group 011, and the third transflective element group 011-3 includes only one first transreflective element 0110. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the third transflective element group 011-3 is the transflective element group 011 farthest from the light incident side of the light guide device, and the first transflective element group 0110 in the transflective element group 011 The reflectivity is not less than 90%. For example, the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 in the transflective element group 011 to the light incident on it is not less than 92%, or not less than 95%, or not less than 98%, such as the transflective The reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 in the element group 011 is close to or almost 100%, that is, the first transflective element 0110 can reflect almost all the incident light to the light guide device.
在一些实施例中，多个第一光耦出部依次排列并且倾斜方向相同，并且至少两个第一光耦出部都具有预设反射率。多个第一光耦出部依次排列并且倾斜方向相同，可以使得该多个第一光耦出部的出光方向相同。In some embodiments, the plurality of first light outcoupling portions are arranged in sequence and have the same inclination direction, and at least two first light outcoupling portions have preset reflectivity. The plurality of first light outcoupling portions are arranged in sequence and have the same inclination direction, so that the light output directions of the plurality of first light outcoupling portions are the same.
在一些实施例中，位于同一光耦出组中的所述至少两个第一光耦出部的倾斜方向相同。例如，如图1所示，位于同一透反元件组011中的第一透反元件0110的倾斜方向相同。上述“倾斜方向”可以指第一透反元件相对于Y方向的倾斜方向，例如以X方向的箭头所指的方向为向右为例，位于同一透反元件组011中的第一透反元件0110向右倾斜。例如，多个第一透反元件0110的倾斜方向可以均相同，或者也可以有一定的误差范围，例如具有0°-10°的误差范围。例如，倾斜方向可以是向右倾斜或向左倾斜。倾斜方向相同可以为所述至少两个第一光耦出部均向右倾斜，或者所述至少两个第一光耦出部均向左倾斜。In some embodiments, the inclination directions of the at least two first light outcoupling parts in the same light outcoupling group are the same. For example, as shown in FIG. 1 , the inclination directions of the first transreflective elements 0110 in the same transreflective element group 011 are the same. The aforementioned “inclined direction” may refer to the inclined direction of the first transreflective element relative to the Y direction. For example, taking the direction indicated by the arrow in the X direction as an example, the first transreflective element located in the same transflective element group 011 0110 Lean to the right. For example, the inclination directions of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 may all be the same, or may have a certain error range, for example, an error range of 0°-10°. For example, the tilting direction may be tilting to the right or tilting to the left. The same inclination direction may mean that the at least two first light outcoupling portions are both inclined to the right, or the at least two first light outcoupler portions are both inclined to the left.
例如，如图1所示，位于同一透反元件组011中的第一透反元件0110平行设置。例如，多个第一透反元件0110中的任意两个彼此平行设置。上述“平行设置”可以包括严格平行和大致平行，严格平行指任意两者的夹角为0°，大致平行指任意两者的夹角不大于20°，例如，不大于10°，例如，不大于5°。通过将多个第一透反元件平行设置，可以使得从导光装置出射的光线为平行光或近乎平行的光线，例如准直光线；准直光线的一致性较好，可以提高光线利用率。本公开实施例不限于此，多个第一透反元件中也可以有部分透反元件不平行设置，以实现从导光装置出射的光线进行会聚或者发散。For example, as shown in FIG. 1 , the first transflective elements 0110 in the same transflective element group 011 are arranged in parallel. For example, any two of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 are arranged parallel to each other. The above-mentioned "parallel arrangement" may include strictly parallel and approximately parallel, strictly parallel means that the angle between any two is 0°, approximately parallel means that the angle between any two is not greater than 20°, for example, not greater than 10°, for example, not greater than 5°. By arranging a plurality of first transflective elements in parallel, the light emitted from the light guiding device can be parallel light or nearly parallel light, such as collimated light; the consistency of the collimated light is better, which can improve the utilization rate of light. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and some of the multiple first transflective elements may also be arranged non-parallel, so as to achieve convergence or divergence of light emitted from the light guide device.
在一些实施例中，导光装置包括具有多个第一光耦出部的第一光耦出部阵列。导光装置还包括：第二光耦出部阵列，包括多个光耦出部中的多个第二光耦出部，多个第二光耦出部中的至少部分被配置为部分透射且部分反射传播至第二光耦出部的光线，以使光线的一部分射出导光装置，且使光线的另一部分继续在导光装置中传播。例如，第一光耦出部为第一透反元件，第一光耦出部阵列为第一透反元件阵列，第二光耦出部为第二透反元件，第二光耦出部阵列为第二透反元件 阵列。In some embodiments, the light guiding device includes a first light out-coupling array having a plurality of first light out-coupling parts. The light guiding device further includes: an array of second light outcouplers, including a plurality of second light outcouplers in the plurality of light outcouplers, at least part of the plurality of second light outcouplers is configured to be partially transmissive and Partially reflect the light transmitted to the second light coupling part, so that part of the light exits the light guiding device, and the other part of the light continues to propagate in the light guiding device. For example, the first light out-coupling part is a first transflective element, the first light out-coupling part array is a first transflective element array, the second light out-coupling part is a second transflective element, and the second light out-coupling part array is the second transflective element array.
例如，图2为根据本公开实施例的另一示例提供的导光装置的局部截面结构示意图。如图2所示，导光装置还包括第二透反元件阵列0200，第二透反元件阵列0200包括多个第二透反元件0120，多个第二透反元件0120中的至少部分被配置为部分透射且部分反射传播至第二透反元件0120的光线，以使所述光线的一部分射出导光装置，且使光线的另一部分继续在导光装置中传播。For example, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2 , the light guide device further includes a second transflective element array 0200, the second transflective element array 0200 includes a plurality of second transflective elements 0120, at least part of the plurality of second transflective elements 0120 is configured It is to partially transmit and partially reflect the light transmitted to the second transflective element 0120, so that a part of the light exits the light guide device, and another part of the light continues to propagate in the light guide device.
在一些实施例中，第一光耦出部阵列与第二光耦出部阵列在垂直于多个第一光耦出部的排列方向的方向上交叠。例如，如图2所示，第一透反元件阵列0100与第二透反元件阵列0200在垂直于第一透反元件0110的排列方向的方向，即在垂直于导光介质123的延伸方向的方向(如图2所示的Y方向)上部分交叠，例如，第一透反元件阵列0100与第二透反元件阵列0200沿可以沿图2所示的Y方向排列。In some embodiments, the first array of optical outcouplers overlaps with the second array of optical outcouplers in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the plurality of first optical outcouplers. For example, as shown in FIG. 2 , the first transflective element array 0100 and the second transflective element array 0200 are in the direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first transflective element 0110 , that is, in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the light guide medium 123 The direction (the Y direction shown in FIG. 2 ) partially overlaps, for example, the first transflective element array 0100 and the second transflective element array 0200 can be arranged along the Y direction shown in FIG. 2 .
例如，如图2所示，导光装置包括沿Y方向排列的第一部分P1和第二部分P2，第一部分P1包括第一透反元件阵列0100，且在第一部分P1中传播的光线被第一透反元件阵列0100耦出第一部分P1；第二部分P2包括第二透反元件阵列0200，且在第二部分P2中传播的光线被第二透反元件阵列0200耦出第二部分P2。For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the light guiding device includes a first part P1 and a second part P2 arranged along the Y direction, the first part P1 includes a first transflective element array 0100, and the light propagating in the first part P1 is captured by the first The transflective element array 0100 is coupled out of the first part P1; the second part P2 includes the second transflective element array 0200, and the light propagating in the second part P2 is coupled out of the second part P2 by the second transflective element array 0200.
例如，如图2所示，从第一透反元件阵列0100耦出的光线会经过第二部分P2(从第一透反元件阵列0100耦出的光线经过第二部分P2的部分为透明材料)后，从导光装置出射。例如，从第一透反元件阵列0100耦出的光线会经过第二部分P2没有设置第二透反元件阵列0200的部分结构后，从导光装置出射，但不限于此，从第一透反元件阵列0100耦出的光线也可以经过第二部分P2的第二透反元件阵列0200后，从导光装置出射。For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the light coupled from the first transflective element array 0100 will pass through the second part P2 (the part of the light coupled from the first transflective element array 0100 passing through the second part P2 is a transparent material) After that, it exits from the light guide device. For example, the light coupled out from the first transflective element array 0100 will exit from the light guide device after passing through the second part P2 without the second transflective element array 0200. The light coupled out of the element array 0100 may also pass through the second transflective element array 0200 of the second part P2, and exit from the light guiding device.
例如，如图2所示，沿Y方向，第一透反元件阵列0100与第二透反元件阵列0200至少相接，或者部分交叠。例如，如图2所示，导光装置在X方向的两侧均可以设置光源，设置在一侧的光源出射的光线从导光装置的左侧入射至导光装置，并被第一透反元件阵列0100耦出；设置在导光装置右侧的光源出射的光线仅在第二部分P2中传播，并被第二透反元件阵列0200耦出。两侧的光源发出的光线在经透反元件阵列出射之前，在相应的导光部分(第一部分P1或第二部分P2)内传播时会逐渐匀化，提高了光线均匀性。此外，将光源设置在导光装置的两侧，有利于散热。For example, as shown in FIG. 2 , along the Y direction, the first transflective element array 0100 and the second transflective element array 0200 are at least connected or partially overlapped. For example, as shown in Figure 2, the light guide device can be provided with light sources on both sides of the X direction, and the light emitted by the light source arranged on one side is incident to the light guide device from the left side of the light guide device, and is transmitted by the first transflective device. The element array 0100 is coupled out; the light emitted by the light source disposed on the right side of the light guide device only propagates in the second part P2 and is coupled out by the second transflective element array 0200 . The light emitted by the light sources on both sides will be gradually homogenized when propagating in the corresponding light guide part (the first part P1 or the second part P2 ) before exiting through the transflective element array, which improves the light uniformity. In addition, the light sources are arranged on both sides of the light guide device, which is beneficial to heat dissipation.
本公开实施例不限于此，第一透反元件阵列与第二透反元件阵列可以在垂直于第一透反元件0110的延伸方向的方向上交叠。Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and the first transflective element array and the second transflective element array may overlap in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the first transflective element 0110 .
例如，多个第二透反元件包括M’个透反元件组，至少一个透反元件组中的每个透反元件组包括具有相同反射率的至少两个第二透反元件，且位于不同透反元件组的第二透反元件的反射率不同，M’为大于1的正整数。上述“相同反射率”可以包括反射率完全相同和反射率大致相同，这里的“反射率大致相同”指任意两者的反射率之比为0.8～1.2，或者0.9～1.1，或者0.95～1.05。本公开实施例中，通过将多个第二透反元件设置为M’个透反元件组，至少有两个透反元件反射率相同，可以减少第二透反元件阵列所需的透反膜的种类，有利于降低导光装置的成本。For example, the plurality of second transreflective elements include M′ transreflective element groups, and each transflective element group in at least one transreflective element group includes at least two second transreflective elements with the same reflectivity and located in different The reflectivity of the second transflective element in the transflective element group is different, and M' is a positive integer greater than 1. The above-mentioned "same reflectance" may include completely the same reflectance and approximately the same reflectance. Here, "approximately the same reflectance" means that the ratio of any two reflectances is 0.8-1.2, or 0.9-1.1, or 0.95-1.05. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, by arranging a plurality of second transreflective elements as M' groups of transflective elements, at least two transflective elements have the same reflectivity, which can reduce the transflective film required by the second transflective element array The type is beneficial to reduce the cost of the light guide device.
例如，如图2所示，多个第二透反元件的数量可以为N’(例如N’为大于等于2的正整数)，N’个第二透反元件包括的反射率的种类小于N’种，由此可以减少第二透反元件阵列所需的透反膜的种类，有利于降低导光装置的成本。For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the number of multiple second transflective elements can be N' (for example, N' is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2), and the types of reflectivity included in N' second transflective elements are less than N 'kinds, thereby reducing the types of transflective films needed for the second transflective element array, which is beneficial to reducing the cost of the light guide device.
例如，如图2所示，多个第二透反元件沿光线在导光装置中的传播方向排列，沿多个第二透反元件的排列方向，多个第二透反元件的反射率呈区域性地逐渐增大。For example, as shown in Figure 2, a plurality of second transflective elements are arranged along the propagation direction of the light in the light guide device, along the arrangement direction of the plurality of second transflective elements, the reflectivity of the plurality of second transflective elements is gradually increased regionally.
例如，上述区域性地逐渐增大可以指：将多个第二透反元件划分为两个或两个以上的区域(一个区域可以指一个透反元件组，但不限于此，一个区域也可以包括两个相邻的透反元件组或者两个以上透反元件组)，上述不同区域中透反元件的反射率不同且整体上呈逐渐增大的趋势。例如，每个透反元件组包括至少两个第二透反元件。For example, the above-mentioned regionally increasing gradually may refer to: dividing a plurality of second transflective elements into two or more regions (one region may refer to one group of transflective elements, but it is not limited thereto, one region may also be Including two adjacent groups of transflective elements or more than two groups of transflective elements), the reflectivity of the transflective elements in the above-mentioned different regions is different and generally tends to increase gradually. For example, each transflective element group includes at least two second transreflective elements.
例如，如图2所示，多个第二透反元件中反射率最大的第二透反元件的反射率不小于90％。例如，导光装置包括入光侧，距离该入光侧最远的第二透反元件可以为反射率最大的第二透反元件，该第二透反元件的透反面对入射在其上的光线的反射率不小于92％，或者不小于95％，或者不小于98％，如 该第二透反元件的反射率接近或几乎为100％，该第二透反元件可以将入射在其透反面上的光线几乎全部反射出导光装置。For example, as shown in FIG. 2 , the reflectance of the second transflective element with the highest reflectance among the plurality of second transflective elements is not less than 90%. For example, the light guide device includes a light-incident side, and the second transflective element farthest from the light-incident side may be the second transflective element with the highest reflectivity, and the transflective surface of the second transflective element is incident on it. The reflectivity of light is not less than 92%, or not less than 95%, or not less than 98%, if the reflectivity of the second transflective element is close to or almost 100%, the second transflective element can The light on the reverse side is almost entirely reflected out of the light guide.
本公开实施例中的第二透反元件可以与上述第一透反元件具有相同的性质，例如第一透反元件中设置的反射介质可以应用于第二透反元件。The second transreflective element in the embodiment of the present disclosure may have the same properties as the above-mentioned first transreflective element, for example, the reflective medium provided in the first transflective element may be applied to the second transflective element.
例如，在第一透反元件阵列和第二透反元件阵列沿图2所示的X方向排列时，两个透反元件阵列可以镜像对称。例如，在第一透反元件阵列和第二透反元件阵列沿图2所示的X方向排列时，两个透反元件阵列中的反射介质的种类可以镜像对称设置。For example, when the first array of transflective elements and the second array of transflective elements are arranged along the X direction shown in FIG. 2 , the two arrays of transflective elements may be mirror-symmetrical. For example, when the first transflective element array and the second transflective element array are arranged along the X direction shown in FIG. 2 , the types of reflective media in the two transflective element arrays can be arranged mirror-symmetrically.
在一些实施例中，第一光耦出部阵列与第二光耦出部阵列在多个第一光耦出部的排列方向上依次设置。In some embodiments, the first array of optical outcouplers and the second array of optical outcouplers are sequentially arranged along the arrangement direction of the plurality of first optical outcouplers.
例如，图3为根据本公开实施例的另一示例提供的导光装置的局部截面结构示意图。图3所示导光装置与图2所示导光装置不同之处在于第一透反元件阵列0100与第二透反元件阵列0200在垂直于导光介质123的延伸方向的方向(如X方向)上没有交叠。例如，第一透反元件阵列0100与第二透反元件阵列0200沿X方向排列。For example, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure. The difference between the light guiding device shown in FIG. 3 and the light guiding device shown in FIG. 2 is that the first transflective element array 0100 and the second transflective element array 0200 are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the light guiding medium 123 (such as the X direction). ) does not overlap. For example, the first transflective element array 0100 and the second transflective element array 0200 are arranged along the X direction.
在一些实施例中，提供了一种导光装置，包括：多个第一光耦出部，所述多个第一光耦出部中的至少部分被配置为将传播至所述第一光耦出部的光线的一部分通过反射和透射之一射出所述导光装置，且通过反射和透射的另一者使得传播至所述第一光耦出部的光线的另一部分继续在所述导光装置中传播，其中，所述第一光耦出部的透射率种类数量小于所述多个第一光耦出部的数量；或者，至少两个所述第一光耦出部的透射率相同。In some embodiments, there is provided a light guiding device, comprising: a plurality of first light outcoupling parts, at least some of the plurality of first light outcoupling parts are configured to transmit light to the first A part of the light from the outcoupling part exits the light guide device through one of reflection and transmission, and the other part of the light propagating to the first light outcoupling part continues to pass through the light guide through the other of reflection and transmission. Propagation in an optical device, wherein, the number of transmittance types of the first light out-coupling parts is smaller than the number of the plurality of first light out-coupling parts; or, the transmittance of at least two of the first light out-coupling parts same.
在一些实施例中，多个第一光耦出部依次排列并且倾斜方向相同，并且至少两个第一光耦出部都具有预设透射率。例如，多个第一光耦出部沿第一方向依次排列并且相对于第一方向具有第一夹角。例如，该第一夹角为非零度或零度。In some embodiments, the plurality of first light outcoupling portions are arranged in sequence and have the same inclination direction, and at least two first light outcoupling portions have preset transmittances. For example, the plurality of first light outcoupling portions are arranged in sequence along the first direction and have a first included angle with respect to the first direction. For example, the first angle is non-zero or zero.
例如，本公开实施例的另一示例提供一种导光装置，该导光装置包括：图1所示的透反元件阵列0100，包括多个透反元件0110，透反元件0110被配置为将传播至透反元件0110的光线的一部分通过反射和透射之一射出导光装置，且通过反射和透射的另一者使得传播至透反元件0110的光线的另一部分继续在导光装置中传播。For example, another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a light guide device, the light guide device includes: the transflective element array 0100 shown in FIG. A part of the light propagating to the transflective element 0110 exits the light guide device through one of reflection and transmission, and the other part of the light propagating to the transflective element 0110 continues to propagate in the light guide device through the other of reflection and transmission.
例如，多个透反元件0110包括图1所示的M个透反元件组011，至少一个透反元件组011中的每个透反元件组011包括具有预设透射率的至少两个透反元件0110，且位于不同透反元件组011的透反元件0110的透射率不同，M为大于1的正整数。例如，具有预设透射率的至少两个透反元件0110，可以是具有相同透射率的至少两个透反元件0110。本公开实施例中，通过将多个透反元件设置为M个透反元件组，至少有两个透反元件透射率相同，可以减少透反元件阵列所需的透反膜的种类，有利于降低导光装置的成本。For example, a plurality of transreflective elements 0110 includes M transreflective element groups 011 shown in FIG. The elements 0110, and the transmittances of the transflective elements 0110 located in different transflective element groups 011 are different, and M is a positive integer greater than 1. For example, at least two transreflective elements 0110 with preset transmittance may be at least two transreflective elements 0110 with the same transmittance. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, by setting a plurality of transflective elements as M transflective element groups, at least two transflective elements have the same transmittance, which can reduce the types of transflective films required by the transflective element array, which is beneficial Reduce the cost of the light guide.
本示例中透反元件的透射率的特征可以视为上述任一示例中的透反元件的反射率特征的简单替换，如本示例中透反元件的透射率的变化趋势可与上述任一示例中的透反元件的反射率相反，即可以理解为反射率为80％的透反元件相当于(或者视为)透射率为20％的透反元件(此处仅考虑透反元件的反射和透射性能，没有涉及吸收特性，如考虑吸收特性，透反元件的反射率和透射率也大致呈相反的变化趋势，例如透反元件的吸光率为5％，透反元件的反射率和透射率之和可以是95％，其仍呈相反的变化趋势，可以利用其中一者得到另一者)。The characteristics of the transmittance of the transflective element in this example can be regarded as a simple replacement of the reflectance characteristics of the transflective element in any of the above examples, such as the variation trend of the transmittance of the transflective element in this example can be compared with any of the above examples The reflectivity of the transflective element in is opposite, that is, it can be understood that a transflective element with a reflectivity of 80% is equivalent to (or regarded as) a transflective element with a transmittance of 20% (only the reflection and reflection of the transflective element are considered here. Transmittance performance does not involve absorption characteristics. For example, considering absorption characteristics, the reflectivity and transmittance of transflective elements generally show the opposite trend. For example, the absorbance of transflective elements is 5%, and the reflectivity and transmittance of transflective elements The sum can be 95%, which still shows the opposite trend, and one of them can be used to obtain the other).
例如，图4为根据本公开实施例的另一示例提供的导光装置的局部截面结构示意图。如图4所示，导光装置包括第一导光元件110和第二导光元件120，进入导光装置的光线经第一导光元件110传输至第二导光元件120，第二导光元件120包括第一透反元件阵列0100，第一导光元件110包括被配置为传播光线的介质111以及位于介质111的至少两侧的反射结构112(以下称为第一反射结构112)，第一反射结构112被配置为对入射至第一导光元件110的光线进行至少一次反射以使光线传播至第二导光元件120。例如，第一反射结构112被配置为对入射至第一导光元件110的光线进行多次反射以提高从第一导光元件110出射光线的均匀性。For example, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4, the light guide device includes a first light guide element 110 and a second light guide element 120, the light entering the light guide device is transmitted to the second light guide element 120 through the first light guide element 110, and the second light guide element The element 120 includes a first transflective element array 0100, the first light guide element 110 includes a medium 111 configured to propagate light and reflective structures 112 (hereinafter referred to as first reflective structures 112) located on at least two sides of the medium 111, the second A reflective structure 112 is configured to reflect the light incident on the first light guide element 110 at least once so as to transmit the light to the second light guide element 120 . For example, the first reflective structure 112 is configured to reflect the light incident on the first light guide element 110 multiple times to improve the uniformity of the light emitted from the first light guide element 110 .
从光源发出的光线可能存在明暗不均的(如发光二极管(LED)发出的光线是中心亮而四周偏暗) 现象，因此，光线从导光装置耦出时，容易出现均匀性较差的问题。本公开实施例提供的导光装置，通过设置包括介质和第一反射结构的第一导光元件，可以提高从导光装置出射光的均匀性。The light emitted from the light source may be uneven in brightness (for example, the light emitted by a light-emitting diode (LED) is bright in the center and dark around it), so when the light is coupled out from the light guide device, it is prone to poor uniformity. . In the light guide device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, the uniformity of light emitted from the light guide device can be improved by arranging a first light guide element including a medium and a first reflection structure.
例如，如图4所示，第一反射结构112可以位于介质111在Y方向上的两侧，以对在XY面内传播的光线进行反射。例如，第一反射结构112还可以包括位于介质111在垂直于XY面上的方向上的至少一侧的部分，以将入射到该部分的光线进行反射。例如，第一反射结构112可以围绕介质111。例如，介质111除其入光侧和出光侧外的其他位置均可以设置第一反射结构112。For example, as shown in FIG. 4 , the first reflective structure 112 may be located on both sides of the medium 111 in the Y direction to reflect light propagating in the XY plane. For example, the first reflective structure 112 may further include a portion located on at least one side of the medium 111 in a direction perpendicular to the XY plane, so as to reflect light incident on this portion. For example, the first reflective structure 112 may surround the medium 111 . For example, the first reflective structure 112 may be provided at other positions of the medium 111 except the light-incident side and the light-outside thereof.
例如，第一反射结构112可以是具有较高反射率(例如，反射率大于70％、80％、90％或者95％)的元件，可以是一体元件，例如可以是抛光的金属件，可以包括铝、铜或银等金属材料或者金属合金材料的抛光件。For example, the first reflective structure 112 may be an element with relatively high reflectivity (for example, the reflectivity is greater than 70%, 80%, 90% or 95%), may be an integral element, for example may be a polished metal piece, may include Polished parts of metal materials such as aluminum, copper or silver, or metal alloy materials.
或者，第一反射结构112也可以是在基材(例如玻璃、塑料等)上镀设或者贴覆的具有较高反射率的材质，例如第一反射结构112面向介质111的一侧表面可以设置金属反射面或者介质膜(金属氧化物、金属氮化物、无机氟化物等堆叠而成的膜)反射面，如镀铝、镀银或镀铜的反射面。例如，第一反射结构112面向介质111的一侧表面可以贴覆高反射率膜材，如ESR膜(Enhanced Specular Reflector)。Alternatively, the first reflective structure 112 can also be plated or coated on a substrate (such as glass, plastic, etc.) Metal reflective surface or dielectric film (film formed by stacking metal oxide, metal nitride, inorganic fluoride, etc.), such as aluminum, silver or copper plated reflective surface. For example, the surface of the first reflective structure 112 facing the medium 111 may be coated with a high reflectivity film, such as an ESR film (Enhanced Specular Reflector).
例如，第一反射结构112为非透光结构，入射到第一反射结构112的光线在第一反射结构112的用于反射的表面发生例如镜面反射，而不是全反射。例如，介质111与第一反射结构112为彼此独立的结构。上述“彼此独立的结构”指介质111和第一反射结构112不是一体化的结构，也不是采用相同材料的结构，但对第一反射结构112与介质111是否接触不作限制。例如，介质111可以包括上述第一反射结构的反射面。For example, the first reflective structure 112 is a non-light-transmitting structure, and the light incident on the first reflective structure 112 undergoes specular reflection instead of total reflection on the reflective surface of the first reflective structure 112 . For example, the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 are independent structures. The above "independent structures" means that the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 are not integrated structures, nor are they made of the same material, but there is no limitation on whether the first reflective structure 112 is in contact with the medium 111 or not. For example, the medium 111 may include the reflective surface of the above-mentioned first reflective structure.
例如，第一反射结构112的反射面可以与介质111为一体结构，例如光线在介质111内以全反射路径传播(至少部分光线全反射传播)，第一反射结构112可以认为是介质111的内表面，光线在介质111的内表面处发生全反射。For example, the reflective surface of the first reflective structure 112 can be integrated with the medium 111. For example, the light propagates in the medium 111 through a total reflection path (at least part of the light propagates through total reflection), and the first reflective structure 112 can be considered as the inner surface of the medium 111 The light rays are totally reflected at the inner surface of the medium 111.
例如，介质111与上述导光介质123具有类似的结构和性质。例如，如图4所示，介质111可以包括透明基板。例如透明基板的折射率大于1。例如，光线在透明基板中可以发生非全反射传播，但不限于此。例如，在透明基板中传播的光线的一部分可以沿图4所示的X方向进行传播。在介质111包括透明基板时，在介质111中传播的光线既可以采用全反射传播，也可以采用非全反射传播，本公开实施例对此不作限制。For example, the medium 111 has similar structure and properties to the above-mentioned light guiding medium 123 . For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the medium 111 may include a transparent substrate. For example, the refractive index of the transparent substrate is greater than 1. For example, non-total reflection of light may propagate in the transparent substrate, but not limited thereto. For example, part of the light rays propagating in the transparent substrate may propagate along the X direction shown in FIG. 4 . When the medium 111 includes a transparent substrate, the light propagating in the medium 111 may be propagated by total reflection or non-total reflection, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
例如，第一反射结构112的反射面可以与介质111的表面接触。例如，第一反射结构112可以为镀设或贴合在介质111的表面上的反射膜。例如，透明基板的形状可以为立方结构，例如可以是立方体、长方体或平行六面体中的一种，第一反射结构112可以设置在立方结构的至少两个表面上，例如该至少两个表面包括彼此相对的两个表面，例如在图4所示的Y方向上彼此相对的两个表面。For example, the reflective surface of the first reflective structure 112 may be in contact with the surface of the medium 111 . For example, the first reflective structure 112 may be a reflective film plated or pasted on the surface of the medium 111 . For example, the shape of the transparent substrate can be a cubic structure, such as one of a cube, a cuboid or a parallelepiped, and the first reflective structure 112 can be arranged on at least two surfaces of the cubic structure, for example, the at least two surfaces include each other Two opposing surfaces, for example, two surfaces opposing each other in the Y direction shown in FIG. 4 .
本公开至少一示例中提供的导光装置中，通过将介质设置为透明基板，可以增大在介质中传播的光线的光程，有利于进一步改善光线的均匀效果。In the light guide device provided in at least one example of the present disclosure, by setting the medium as a transparent substrate, the optical path of the light propagating in the medium can be increased, which is beneficial to further improve the uniformity of the light.
在一些实施例中，所述至少一个反射面包括至少两个子反射面。In some embodiments, the at least one reflective surface includes at least two sub-reflective surfaces.
例如，图5为根据本公开实施例的另一示例提供的导光装置的局部截面结构示意图。如图5所示，导光装置中的介质111包括空气。例如，第一反射结构112包括至少两个子反射面1120，该至少两个子反射面1120之间包括空腔1121，空腔1121之中的空气可以为用于传播光线的介质111，该空腔1121形成供光线通过的空间。For example, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 5 , the medium 111 in the light guiding device includes air. For example, the first reflective structure 112 includes at least two sub-reflective surfaces 1120, and a cavity 1121 is included between the at least two sub-reflective surfaces 1120. The air in the cavity 1121 can be the medium 111 for propagating light, and the cavity 1121 Create a space for light to pass through.
本公开提供导光装置中，第一导光元件的介质包括空气，且第一导光元件的第一反射结构采用非全反射方式反射光线，该导光装置在对传播光线起到匀光效果的同时，还有利于减轻其重量，提高实用性。The present disclosure provides that in the light guide device, the medium of the first light guide element includes air, and the first reflective structure of the first light guide element reflects light in a non-total reflection manner, and the light guide device has an even light effect on the propagating light. At the same time, it is also beneficial to reduce its weight and improve its practicality.
在一些实施例中，所述至少两个子反射面中包括彼此相对的两个子反射面。例如，如图4和图5所示，第一反射结构110包括彼此相对的两个子反射面1120，例如这两个子反射面1120可以为在图4和图5所示的Y方向上彼此相对，也可以在垂直于XY面的方向上彼此相对，还可以在其他与X方向垂直的方向上彼此相对。例如，上述彼此相对的两个子反射面1120可以为彼此独立且中间设置有间隔的两个子反射面，也可以为通过位于介质以外区域的连接部连接起来的两个子反射面，本公开实 施例对此不作限制。In some embodiments, the at least two sub-reflective surfaces include two sub-reflective surfaces opposite to each other. For example, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the first reflective structure 110 includes two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 opposite to each other. For example, the two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 may be opposite to each other in the Y direction shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , They may face each other in a direction perpendicular to the XY plane, or may face each other in another direction perpendicular to the X direction. For example, the above two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 facing each other may be two sub-reflective surfaces that are independent of each other with a gap in the middle, or two sub-reflective surfaces that are connected by a connecting portion located outside the medium. This is not limited.
例如，如图4所示，彼此相对的两个子反射面1120平行设置。For example, as shown in FIG. 4 , two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other are arranged in parallel.
例如，导光装置包括第一导光元件110和第二导光元件120，进入导光装置的光线经第一导光元件110传输至第二导光元件120，第二导光元件120包括多个透反元件，第一导光元件110和第二导光元件120在多个透反元件的排列方向上依次设置或在与多个透反元件相垂直的方向上层叠设置。例如，如图4所示的实施例，第一导光元件110和第二导光元件120在与多个透反元件相垂直的方向上层叠设置，也可以认为沿透反元件出光的方向层叠设置；例如，第一导光元件110和第二导光元件120也可以在多个透反元件的排列方向上依次设置，如可以沿图中的X方向依次左右排列。例如，如图4和图5所示，第一导光元件110和第二导光元件120至少之一沿第一方向延伸(即图中所示的X方向)，例如第一导光元件110和第二导光元件120均沿第一方向延伸。在沿与第一方向垂直的第二方向上，第一导光元件110和第二导光元件120交叠。For example, the light guide device includes a first light guide element 110 and a second light guide element 120, the light entering the light guide device is transmitted to the second light guide element 120 through the first light guide element 110, and the second light guide element 120 includes multiple Each transflective element, the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are sequentially arranged in the arrangement direction of the multiple transflective elements or stacked in the direction perpendicular to the multiple transflective elements. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are stacked in a direction perpendicular to a plurality of transflective elements, and can also be considered to be stacked along the direction in which the transflective elements emit light. Arrangement; for example, the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 can also be arranged sequentially in the arrangement direction of a plurality of transflective elements, such as arranged left and right along the X direction in the figure. For example, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , at least one of the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 extends along the first direction (that is, the X direction shown in the figure), for example, the first light guide element 110 Both the second light guiding element 120 and the second light guiding element 120 extend along the first direction. Along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the first light guiding element 110 and the second light guiding element 120 overlap.
例如，如图4和图5所示，第一导光元件110和第二导光元件120为彼此分离的结构，即第一导光元件110和第二导光元件120不是一体成型的结构。例如，第一导光元件110和第二导光元件120之间可以设置空气间隙，也可以设置胶层以将两者粘贴在一起。For example, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are separate structures, that is, the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are not integrally formed. For example, an air gap may be provided between the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 , or an adhesive layer may be provided to stick them together.
例如，如图4和图5所示，第一导光元件110在第一方向上的长度小于第二导光元件120在第一方向上的长度，以使第二导光元件120包括在第二方向上不与第一导光元件110交叠的第一子部。For example, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the length of the first light guide element 110 in the first direction is smaller than the length of the second light guide element 120 in the first direction, so that the second light guide element 120 includes the second light guide element 120 in the first direction. The first subsection that does not overlap with the first light guide element 110 in two directions.
例如，在图4和图5所示的导光装置应用于光源装置时，光源装置包括导光装置和光源部，光源部可以与第一导光元件沿第一方向排列，且在Y方向上，光源部与第二导光元件120的第一子部交叠，从而可以利用没有设置第一导光元件110的部分空间以减小光源装置的尺寸，有利于产品的应用。For example, when the light guide device shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 is applied to a light source device, the light source device includes a light guide device and a light source part, and the light source part can be arranged with the first light guide element along the first direction, and in the Y direction The light source part overlaps with the first sub-part of the second light guide element 120, so that part of the space not provided with the first light guide element 110 can be used to reduce the size of the light source device, which is beneficial to the application of the product.
例如，如图4和图5所示，第一导光元件110和第二导光元件120为彼此分离的结构，即第一导光元件110和第二导光元件120不是一体成型的结构。For example, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are separate structures, that is, the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are not integrally formed.
例如，如图5所示，第一反射结构110中彼此相对的两个子反射面1120是不平行的。For example, as shown in FIG. 5 , the two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 facing each other in the first reflective structure 110 are not parallel.
例如，如图5所示，入射到第一导光元件110内的光线的发散角为θ。发散角是目前较为通用的衡量光束发光角度的标准，例如θ/2为发光强度值为轴向强度值的一半时发光方向与光轴之间的夹角；或者，θ/2还可以为发光强度值为径向强度值的60％或80％时发光方向与光轴之间的夹角。例如，入射到第一导光元件110内的光线的发散角可以为40°。例如，入射到第一导光元件110内的光线的发散角可以为20°。例如，入射到第一导光元件110内的光线的发散角可以为10°。For example, as shown in FIG. 5 , the divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 is θ. The divergence angle is currently a more general standard for measuring the light beam angle. For example, θ/2 is the angle between the luminous direction and the optical axis when the luminous intensity value is half of the axial intensity value; or, θ/2 can also be the luminous The angle between the light emitting direction and the optical axis when the intensity value is 60% or 80% of the radial intensity value. For example, the divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 may be 40°. For example, the divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 may be 20°. For example, the divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 may be 10°.
例如，如图5所示，彼此相对的两个子反射面1120之间的夹角大于0°且小于等于θ。例如，彼此相对的两个子反射面1120之间的夹角小于等于40°。例如，彼此相对的两个子反射面1120之间的夹角小于等于30°。例如，彼此相对的两个子反射面1120之间的夹角小于等于20°。例如，彼此相对的两个子反射面1120之间的夹角小于等于10°。For example, as shown in FIG. 5 , the angle between the two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is greater than 0° and less than or equal to θ. For example, the angle between the two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is less than or equal to 40°. For example, the angle between the two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is less than or equal to 30°. For example, the angle between the two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is less than or equal to 20°. For example, the angle between the two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is less than or equal to 10°.
例如，如图5所示，第一导光元件110包括入光侧和出光侧，从其入光侧朝向出光侧的方向，彼此相对的两个子反射面1120之间的距离逐渐增大。For example, as shown in FIG. 5 , the first light guide element 110 includes a light incident side and a light exit side. From the light incident side toward the light exit side, the distance between two opposing sub-reflective surfaces 1120 increases gradually.
例如，如图5所示，第二导光元件120包括沿第一方向延伸的表面，第一反射结构112的彼此相对的两个子反射面1120之一可以与第二导光元件120的表面平行。例如，彼此相对的两个子反射面1120中靠近第二导光元件120的一个可以与第二导光元件120的表面平行。当然，本公开实施例不限于此，彼此相对的两个子反射面可以均不与第二导光元件的表面平行。For example, as shown in FIG. 5 , the second light guide element 120 includes a surface extending along the first direction, and one of the two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 opposite to each other of the first reflective structure 112 may be parallel to the surface of the second light guide element 120 . For example, one of the two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 opposite to each other that is close to the second light guide element 120 may be parallel to the surface of the second light guide element 120 . Of course, the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and the two sub-reflection surfaces opposite to each other may not be parallel to the surface of the second light guide element.
本公开至少一实施例中将彼此相对的两个子反射面设置为不平行，且两者之间的夹角小于等于θ，有利于降低两个子反射面之间的至少一部分区域的距离，即减薄第一反射结构的厚度，有利于增加光线在第一反射结构中反射的次数，提高第一导光元件的匀光效果。此外，还可以增加光线在第一反射结构中的反射次数，有利于提升大角度光线的匀化效果。In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the two sub-reflective surfaces facing each other are set to be non-parallel, and the angle between them is less than or equal to θ, which is beneficial to reduce the distance between at least a part of the two sub-reflective surfaces, that is, to reduce Thinning the thickness of the first reflective structure is beneficial to increase the number of reflections of light in the first reflective structure and improve the uniform light effect of the first light guide element. In addition, the number of reflections of light in the first reflective structure can also be increased, which is beneficial to improving the homogenization effect of light at large angles.
例如，如图4和图5所示，第一导光元件110还包括反射结构113(以下称为第三反射结构113)，被配置为将在第一导光元件110中传播的光线反射进第二导光元件120。例如，第三反射结构113位于介质111和第一反射结构112的出光侧，以将从介质111和第一反射结构112出射的光线反射进第二导光元件120。For example, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the first light guide element 110 further includes a reflective structure 113 (hereinafter referred to as a third reflective structure 113 ), configured to reflect light propagating in the first light guide element 110 into the The second light guiding element 120 . For example, the third reflective structure 113 is located on the light exit side of the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 to reflect the light emitted from the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 into the second light guide element 120 .
例如，介质111为透明基板时，第三反射结构113可以与介质111贴合或者与介质111为一体成型的结构。For example, when the medium 111 is a transparent substrate, the third reflective structure 113 may be attached to the medium 111 or integrally formed with the medium 111 .
例如，第三反射结构113可以包括反射面，该反射面可以为具有较高反射率的元件，通过镜面反射作用将介质111和第一反射结构112传播出的光线反射至第二导光元件120。例如，反射面可以为金属反射面，如镀铝、镀银或镀铜的反射面。For example, the third reflective structure 113 may include a reflective surface, which may be an element with relatively high reflectivity, and reflect the light transmitted from the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 to the second light guide element 120 through specular reflection. . For example, the reflective surface may be a metal reflective surface, such as a reflective surface plated with aluminum, silver or copper.
例如，第三反射结构113可以包括棱镜，从介质111和第一反射结构112传播出的光线可以在棱镜的表面发生全反射后射向第二导光元件120。例如棱镜可以为三棱镜结构。例如，光线在经过棱镜出射时会在棱镜与空气或者其他介质(例如第二导光元件或者光学胶等)的界面发生折射，发生折射的光线会朝向导光装置的中心区域偏转，有利于提高光线的利用率。For example, the third reflective structure 113 may include a prism, and the light propagated from the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 may be totally reflected on the surface of the prism and directed to the second light guide element 120 . For example, the prism may be a triangular prism structure. For example, when the light passes through the prism, it will be refracted at the interface between the prism and air or other media (such as the second light guide element or optical glue, etc.), and the refracted light will be deflected towards the central area of the light guide device, which is beneficial to improve Light utilization.
例如，图6为根据本公开实施例的另一示例提供的导光装置的局部截面结构示意图。如图6所示，导光装置还包括光转化部200，光转化部200包括偏振分光元件210和偏振转化结构220。偏振分光元件210被配置为将射向偏振分光元件210的光线分光处理为第一偏振光和第二偏振光。例如，射向偏振分光元件210的光线包括具有不同偏振态的光线，例如为自然光，其可以认为是具有一切可能的振动方向的许多光波的总和。例如，偏振分光元件210可以具有透射一种偏振态的光线和反射另一种偏振态的光线的特性，该偏振分光元件210可以利用上述透反特性实现分束。本示例提供的导光装置中除光转化部200外的其他结构可以与图1至图2所示任一示例中相应的结构具有相同的特征，在此不再赘述。图6示意性的示出光转化部位于导光结构第一导光元件的入光侧，但不限于，光转化部还可以位于第一导光元件的出光侧。For example, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 6 , the light guiding device further includes a light conversion part 200 , and the light conversion part 200 includes a polarization splitting element 210 and a polarization conversion structure 220 . The polarization beam splitting element 210 is configured to split the light incident on the polarization beam splitting element 210 into first polarized light and second polarized light. For example, the light directed toward the polarization splitting element 210 includes light with different polarization states, such as natural light, which can be considered as the sum of many light waves with all possible vibration directions. For example, the polarization beam splitting element 210 may have the property of transmitting light of one polarization state and reflecting light of another polarization state, and the polarization beam splitting element 210 may realize beam splitting by utilizing the above-mentioned transflective property. Other structures in the light guide device provided in this example, except the light converting portion 200, may have the same features as the corresponding structures in any example shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 2 , which will not be repeated here. FIG. 6 schematically shows that the light conversion part is located on the light incident side of the first light guide element of the light guide structure, but not limited thereto, the light conversion part may also be located on the light output side of the first light guide element.
例如，偏振分光元件210可以为偏振分光棱镜(PBS，Polarization Beam Splitter)。例如，偏振分光元件210可以包括透反膜，通过透射部分光线和反射另一部分光线实现分束作用。例如，透反膜对光源部发出的光线中的第一偏振光和第二偏振光之一的透射率大于其对另一者的透射率，且对光源部发出的光线中的第一偏振光和第二偏振光之一的反射率大于其对另一者的反射率。例如，偏振分光元件对第一偏振光的透射率大于对第二偏振光的透射率，且偏振分光元件对第二偏振光的反射率大于对第一偏振光的反射率。第一偏振光与第二偏振光可以互换。For example, the polarization beam splitting element 210 may be a polarization beam splitter prism (PBS, Polarization Beam Splitter). For example, the polarizing beam splitting element 210 may include a transflective film, which realizes beam splitting by transmitting part of light and reflecting another part of light. For example, the transmittance of the transflective film to one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light in the light emitted by the light source part is greater than its transmittance to the other, and the transmittance to the first polarized light in the light emitted by the light source part The reflectivity of one of the second polarized light and the second polarized light is greater than the reflectivity of the other. For example, the transmittance of the polarization beam splitting element for the first polarized light is greater than the transmittance of the second polarized light, and the reflectance of the polarization beam splitting element for the second polarized light is greater than the reflectance of the first polarized light. The first polarized light and the second polarized light are interchangeable.
例如，第一偏振光和第二偏振光可以均为线偏振光，第一偏振光和第二偏振光的偏振方向不同，例如，第一偏振光和第二偏振光的偏振方向垂直。For example, the first polarized light and the second polarized light may both be linearly polarized light, and the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light are different, for example, the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light are perpendicular.
例如，第一偏振光和第二偏振光可以均为圆偏振光或者椭圆偏振光，第一偏振光和第二偏振光的旋向不同。For example, the first polarized light and the second polarized light may both be circularly polarized or elliptically polarized, and the first polarized light and the second polarized light have different rotations.
例如，偏振分光元件210对第一偏振光的透射率约为20％～95％，例如透射率可以是60％、70％、80％、90％或者95％。For example, the transmittance of the polarization splitting element 210 to the first polarized light is about 20%-95%, for example, the transmittance may be 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 95%.
例如，偏振分光元件210对第二偏振光的反射率约为20％～95％，例如反射率可以是60％、70％、80％、90％或者95％。For example, the reflectivity of the polarization splitting element 210 for the second polarized light is about 20%-95%, for example, the reflectivity may be 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 95%.
例如，非偏振光线经过具有偏振分光功能的偏振分光元件210后，透射光线包括P偏振光，反射光线包括S偏振光；或者透射光线包括S偏振光，反射光线包括P偏振光，本公开实施例对此不做限制。例如，第一偏振光和第二偏振光之一为S偏振光，第一偏振光和第二偏振光的另一个为P偏振光。For example, after the unpolarized light passes through the polarization splitting element 210 with the function of polarization splitting, the transmitted light includes P-polarized light, and the reflected light includes S-polarized light; or the transmitted light includes S-polarized light, and the reflected light includes P-polarized light. There is no restriction on this. For example, one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light is S polarized light, and the other of the first polarized light and the second polarized light is P polarized light.
例如，偏振分光元件210包括的透反膜可以是具有偏振透反功能的光学膜，例如可以将非偏振光线，通过透射和反射，分束为两个互相正交的偏振光的光学膜，例如可以分束为两个偏振方向互相垂直的线偏振光；上述光学膜可以由多层具有不同折射率的膜层按照一定的堆叠顺序组合而成，每个膜层的厚度约在10～1000nm之间；膜层的材料可以选用无机电介质材料，例如，金属氧化物、无机氟化物、金属氮氧化物和金属氮化物；也可以选用高分子材料，例如聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯或聚乙烯。For example, the transflective film included in the polarizing beam splitting element 210 may be an optical film with a polarized transflective function, such as an optical film that can split unpolarized light into two mutually orthogonal polarized lights through transmission and reflection, such as The beam can be split into two linearly polarized lights whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other; the above-mentioned optical film can be composed of multiple layers with different refractive indices according to a certain stacking sequence, and the thickness of each layer is about 10-1000nm. The material of the film layer can be selected from inorganic dielectric materials, such as metal oxides, inorganic fluorides, metal oxynitrides and metal nitrides; polymer materials can also be selected, such as polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene.
例如，如图6所示，偏振转化结构220被配置为将偏振分光元件210分光处理后得到的第二偏振光转化为第三偏振光，第三偏振光与第一偏振光的偏振态相同。例如，第三偏振光可以为线偏振光，第三偏振光的偏振方向与第一偏振光的偏振方向相同。例如，第三偏振光可以为圆偏振光或者椭圆偏振光，第三偏振光的旋向与第一偏振光的旋向相同。上述“第三偏振光与第一偏振光的偏振态相同”可以指不考虑偏振转化结构的转换效率等因素的情况下，两者基本相同，例如，两者均为偏振方向相同的线 偏振光，或者旋向相同的圆偏振光或者椭圆偏振光。For example, as shown in FIG. 6 , the polarization conversion structure 220 is configured to convert the second polarized light obtained by the polarization splitting element 210 into a third polarized light, and the third polarized light has the same polarization state as the first polarized light. For example, the third polarized light may be linearly polarized light, and the polarization direction of the third polarized light is the same as that of the first polarized light. For example, the third polarized light may be circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light, and the sense of rotation of the third polarized light is the same as that of the first polarized light. The above-mentioned "the third polarized light has the same polarization state as the first polarized light" may mean that the two are basically the same without considering factors such as the conversion efficiency of the polarization conversion structure, for example, both are linearly polarized lights with the same polarization direction , or circularly or elliptically polarized light with the same hand direction.
例如，图6示意性的示出偏振转化结构220可以位于偏振分光元件210透射光的一侧，此时，偏振转化结构220透射的光包括第二偏振光，偏振转化结构220反射的光包括第一偏振光；但不限于此，偏振转化结构还可以位于偏振分光元件反射光的一侧，此时，偏振转化结构透射的光包括第一偏振光，偏振转化结构反射的光包括第二偏振光。For example, FIG. 6 schematically shows that the polarization conversion structure 220 can be located on the side where the polarization splitting element 210 transmits light. At this time, the light transmitted by the polarization conversion structure 220 includes the second polarized light, and the light reflected by the polarization conversion structure 220 includes the second polarization A polarized light; but not limited thereto, the polarization conversion structure can also be located on the side of the light reflected by the polarization splitting element, at this time, the light transmitted by the polarization conversion structure includes the first polarized light, and the light reflected by the polarization conversion structure includes the second polarized light .
例如，在第二偏振光可以仅经过一次偏振转化结构220就转化为第三偏振光，例如，该偏振转化结构220可以为1/2波片。当然，本公开实施例不限于此，第二偏振光也可以经过两次偏振转化结构220后转化为第三偏振光，例如，该偏振转化结构220可以为1/4波片。For example, the second polarized light can be converted into the third polarized light only once through the polarization conversion structure 220 , for example, the polarization conversion structure 220 can be a 1/2 wave plate. Certainly, the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the second polarized light may also be converted into the third polarized light after passing through the polarization conversion structure 220 twice, for example, the polarization conversion structure 220 may be a 1/4 wave plate.
例如，如图6所示，光转化部200还包括第二反射结构230，第二反射结构230被配置为反射第一偏振光、第二偏振光和第三偏振光至少之一。For example, as shown in FIG. 6 , the light conversion part 200 further includes a second reflective structure 230 configured to reflect at least one of the first polarized light, the second polarized light and the third polarized light.
例如，偏振分光元件210反射的光线包括第一偏振光，第二反射结构230位于偏振分光元件210反射光的一侧，且被配置为反射第一偏振光；例如，偏振分光元件210反射的光线包括第二偏振光，第二反射结构230位于偏振分光元件210反射光的一侧，且位于偏振转化结构220的入光侧，第二反射结构230被配置为反射第二偏振光，反射后的第二偏振光经过偏振转化结构220转化为第三偏振光；例如，偏振分光元件210反射的光线包括第二偏振光，第二反射结构230位于偏振转化结构220的出光侧，且被配置为反射第三偏振光。For example, the light reflected by the polarization splitting element 210 includes the first polarized light, and the second reflective structure 230 is located on one side of the light reflected by the polarization splitting element 210, and is configured to reflect the first polarized light; for example, the light reflected by the polarization splitting element 210 Including the second polarized light, the second reflective structure 230 is located on the light-reflecting side of the polarization splitting element 210, and is located on the light-incident side of the polarization conversion structure 220, the second reflective structure 230 is configured to reflect the second polarized light, and the reflected The second polarized light is converted into the third polarized light by the polarization conversion structure 220; third polarized light.
例如，偏振分光元件210对第二偏振光的反射率大于对第一偏振光的反射率，在第二偏振光入射到第二反射结构230的同时可能存在少量的第一偏振光入射到第二反射结构230，此时，第二反射结构230可能反射第二偏振光和少量的第一偏振光。同理，在第二偏振光转化为第三偏振光后，第二反射结构可能反射第三偏振光和少量的第一偏振光。For example, the reflectivity of the polarization splitting element 210 to the second polarized light is greater than the reflectivity to the first polarized light, and there may be a small amount of the first polarized light incident on the second reflective structure 230 while the second polarized light is incident on the second polarized light. The reflective structure 230, at this time, the second reflective structure 230 may reflect the second polarized light and a small amount of the first polarized light. Similarly, after the second polarized light is converted into the third polarized light, the second reflective structure may reflect the third polarized light and a small amount of the first polarized light.
例如，如图6所示，第二反射结构230可以包括反射面，该反射面可以为具有较高反射率(例如，反射率大于60％、70％、80％、90％或95％)的元件，通过镜面反射作用将第一偏振光、第二偏振光以及第三偏振光的至少之一反射至介质111中。例如，反射面可以为金属反射面，如镀铝、镀银或镀铜的反射面；或者，反射面也可以为贴覆的反射膜，例如上文提到的ESR反射膜。For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the second reflective structure 230 may include a reflective surface, and the reflective surface may be a material with a relatively high reflectivity (for example, a reflectivity greater than 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 95%). The element reflects at least one of the first polarized light, the second polarized light and the third polarized light into the medium 111 through specular reflection. For example, the reflective surface may be a metal reflective surface, such as an aluminum-plated, silver-plated or copper-plated reflective surface; or, the reflective surface may also be a pasted reflective film, such as the ESR reflective film mentioned above.
例如，第二反射结构230可以包括棱镜，入射至第二反射结构230的光线可以在棱镜的表面发生全反射后射向介质111。例如棱镜可以为三棱镜结构。For example, the second reflective structure 230 may include a prism, and the light incident on the second reflective structure 230 may be totally reflected on the surface of the prism and then directed to the medium 111 . For example, the prism may be a triangular prism structure.
例如，第二导光元件120被配置为传输第一偏振光和第三偏振光。For example, the second light guiding element 120 is configured to transmit the first polarized light and the third polarized light.
例如，如图6所示，光转化部200位于第一导光元件110的入光侧，第一导光元件110和第二导光元件120被配置为传输第一偏振光和第三偏振光。For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the light conversion part 200 is located on the light incident side of the first light guide element 110, and the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are configured to transmit the first polarized light and the third polarized light .
例如，如图6所示，介质111为空气，光转化部200的至少部分位于第一导光元件110的空腔1121内。本公开实施例提供的导光装置中，通过将光转化部的至少部分设置在第一导光元件的空腔内，有利于减小导光装置的体积，也可以让尽可能多的光线进入第一导光元件的空腔，减少光线的浪费。For example, as shown in FIG. 6 , the medium 111 is air, and at least part of the light conversion part 200 is located in the cavity 1121 of the first light guide element 110 . In the light guide device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, by arranging at least part of the light conversion part in the cavity of the first light guide element, it is beneficial to reduce the volume of the light guide device and allow as much light as possible to enter The cavity of the first light guide element reduces the waste of light.
图7为根据本公开实施例的另一示例提供的导光装置的局部截面结构示意图。如图7所示，该导光装置包括第一导光元件110和第二导光元件120，进入导光装置的光线经第一导光元件110传输至第二导光元件120，第一透反元件阵列0100位于第二导光元件120。第一导光元件110被配置为对入射至第一导光元件110的光线进行全反射传播以使光线传播至第二导光元件120，第一导光元件110包括至少两个反射面1120，入射到第一导光元件110内的光线的发散角为θ，上述至少两个反射面1120包括彼此相对的两个反射面1120，该彼此相对的两个反射面1120之间的夹角大于等于0°且小于等于θ。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 7, the light guide device includes a first light guide element 110 and a second light guide element 120, the light entering the light guide device is transmitted to the second light guide element 120 through the first light guide element 110, the first light transmission The anti-element array 0100 is located on the second light guide element 120 . The first light guide element 110 is configured to perform total reflection on the light incident on the first light guide element 110 so that the light propagates to the second light guide element 120, the first light guide element 110 includes at least two reflective surfaces 1120, The divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 is θ, the at least two reflective surfaces 1120 include two reflective surfaces 1120 opposite to each other, and the angle between the two reflective surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is greater than or equal to 0° and less than or equal to θ.
例如，上述彼此相对的两个反射面1120之间的夹角大于等于0°且小于等于θ。本公开实施例中将彼此相对的两个反射面设置为不平行，且两者之间的夹角小于等于θ，有利于降低两个反射面之间的至少一部分区域的距离，即减薄第一导光元件的厚度，有利于增加光线在反射面中反射的次数，提高第一导光元件的匀光效果。此外，还可以增加光线在反射面中的反射次数，有利于提升大角度光线的匀化效果。For example, the included angle between the above two opposing reflecting surfaces 1120 is greater than or equal to 0° and less than or equal to θ. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the two reflective surfaces opposite to each other are set to be non-parallel, and the angle between them is less than or equal to θ, which is beneficial to reduce the distance between at least a part of the two reflective surfaces, that is, to reduce the thickness of the second reflective surface. The thickness of the first light guide element is beneficial to increase the number of reflections of light on the reflective surface and improve the uniform light effect of the first light guide element. In addition, the number of reflections of light on the reflective surface can also be increased, which is beneficial to improving the homogenization effect of light at large angles.
例如，第一导光元件110中设置有导光介质111，光线在该导光介质111中发生全反射传播，上述第一导光元件110包括的至少两个反射面1120可以为导光介质111的用于反射光线的内表面，也可以 为设置在导光介质外表面上的反射结构，本公开实施例对此不作限制。For example, the first light guide element 110 is provided with a light guide medium 111, and the light propagates through the light guide medium 111 through total reflection. The inner surface for reflecting light may also be a reflective structure disposed on the outer surface of the light guide medium, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
例如，上述两个反射面1120可以为在图7所示的Y方向上彼此相对，也可以在垂直于XY面的方向上彼此相对，还可以在其他与X方向垂直的方向上彼此相对。例如，上述彼此相对的两个反射面1120可以为彼此独立且中间设置有间隔的两个子反射面，也可以为通过位于介质111以外区域的连接部连接起来的两个子反射面，本公开实施例对此不作限制。For example, the above two reflective surfaces 1120 may face each other in the Y direction shown in FIG. 7 , or face each other in a direction perpendicular to the XY plane, or face each other in other directions perpendicular to the X direction. For example, the above two reflecting surfaces 1120 facing each other may be two sub-reflecting surfaces that are independent of each other with a space in between, or may be two sub-reflecting surfaces that are connected through a connecting portion located outside the medium 111. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, There is no limit to this.
例如，入射到第一导光元件110内的光线的发散角可以为40°。例如，入射到第一导光元件110内的光线的发散角可以为20°。入射到第一导光元件110内的光线的发散角可以为10°。For example, the divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 may be 40°. For example, the divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 may be 20°. The divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 may be 10°.
例如，彼此相对的两个反射面1120之间的夹角小于等于40°。例如，彼此相对的两个反射面1120之间的夹角小于等于30°。例如，彼此相对的两个反射面1120之间的夹角小于等于20°。例如，彼此相对的两子反射面1120之间的夹角小于等于10°。For example, the angle between the two reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is less than or equal to 40°. For example, the angle between the two reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is less than or equal to 30°. For example, the angle between the two reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is less than or equal to 20°. For example, the angle between the two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is less than or equal to 10°.
本公开实施例中的第二导光元件可以与图4至图6所示第二导光元件具有相同的特征，在此不再赘述。The second light guide element in the embodiment of the present disclosure may have the same features as the second light guide element shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 6 , which will not be repeated here.
图8为根据本公开提供的光源装置的截面结构示意图。如图8所示，光源装置包括光源部500以及图1至图7任一示例提供的导光装置，图8示意性的示出导光装置为图1所示的导光装置，但不限于此，还可以为图2至图7中其他示例提供的导光装置。Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a light source device provided according to the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 8 , the light source device includes a light source unit 500 and a light guide device provided in any example in FIGS. 1 to 7 . FIG. 8 schematically shows that the light guide device is the light guide device shown in FIG. 1 , but is not limited to Here, the light guide device provided in other examples in FIGS. 2 to 7 may also be used.
例如，如图8所示，光源部500发出的光线被配置为进入导光装置。For example, as shown in FIG. 8 , the light emitted from the light source part 500 is configured to enter the light guide.
例如，光源部500可以包括光源510和反射导光结构520，反射导光结构520被配置为将光源510发出的光线调节至预定发散角。例如，预定发散角可以包括40°以内的发散角。例如，预定发散角可以包括20°以内的发散角。例如，预定发散角可以包括10°以内的发散角。For example, the light source part 500 may include a light source 510 and a reflective light guide structure 520 configured to adjust the light emitted by the light source 510 to a predetermined divergence angle. For example, the predetermined divergence angle may include a divergence angle within 40°. For example, the predetermined divergence angle may include divergence angles within 20°. For example, the predetermined divergence angle may include a divergence angle within 10°.
例如，反射导光结构520可以为灯杯，该灯杯可以是实心灯杯或空心灯杯，将光源发出的具有一定发散角度的光线转化为准直或接近准直的光线。例如，准直光线为平行或近乎平行(例如发散角不大于10°)的光线，其一致性较好，可以提高光线利用率。For example, the reflective light guide structure 520 can be a lamp cup, which can be a solid lamp cup or a hollow lamp cup, and converts the light with a certain divergence angle emitted by the light source into collimated or nearly collimated light. For example, the collimated light is parallel or nearly parallel (for example, the divergence angle is not greater than 10°), which has better consistency and can improve light utilization.
例如，光源发出的光线其发散角一般较大，例如发散角为45°，反射导光结构520可以将光线的发散角控制为较小的40°、20°或10°。例如，光线具有20°以内的发散角，具有一定发散角度的光线，随着传播中的多次反射，其均匀性也会随之增加，可以改善光线明暗均匀度。For example, the light emitted by the light source generally has a relatively large divergence angle, for example, a divergence angle of 45°, and the reflective light guide structure 520 can control the light divergence angle to be smaller than 40°, 20° or 10°. For example, the light has a divergence angle within 20°, and the light with a certain divergence angle will increase its uniformity with multiple reflections during propagation, which can improve the uniformity of light and shade.
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的光源装置可以用于显示装置的背光源。For example, the light source device provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure can be used as a backlight source of a display device.
例如，图8示意性的示出光源部位于导光装置的侧方为例，但不限于此。当光源装置用于背光源时，光源部位于导光装置的侧方，例如设置在在导光装置的至少一侧(例如两侧或者四侧)，即背光源为侧入式背光源。或者，导光装置也可以设置为底部(例如导光装置远离出光区的一侧)入光，有利于减小光源装置的平面尺寸。For example, FIG. 8 schematically shows that the light source part is located on the side of the light guide device as an example, but it is not limited thereto. When the light source device is used as a backlight, the light source part is located on the side of the light guide device, such as at least one side (such as two sides or four sides) of the light guide device, that is, the backlight is an edge-type backlight. Alternatively, the light guide device can also be arranged so that the bottom (for example, the side of the light guide device away from the light exit area) receives light, which is beneficial to reduce the planar size of the light source device.
例如，光源510可为单色光源或混色光源，例如红色单色光源、绿色单色光源、蓝色单色光源或白色混色光源，或者也可以是多个不同颜色的单色光源组合形成混色光源，上述单色光源最终可形成单色图像，上述混色光源则可形成彩色图像。例如，光源510可以是激光光源或发光二极管(LED)光源。例如，光源部500可以包括一个光源510或多个光源510。For example, the light source 510 can be a monochromatic light source or a color mixing light source, such as a red monochromatic light source, a green monochromatic light source, a blue monochromatic light source or a white color mixing light source, or it can also be a combination of multiple monochromatic light sources of different colors to form a color mixing light source. , the monochromatic light source can finally form a monochrome image, and the color-mixing light source can form a color image. For example, light source 510 may be a laser light source or a light emitting diode (LED) light source. For example, the light source part 500 may include one light source 510 or a plurality of light sources 510 .
本公开至少一实施例提供的光源装置，通过采用图1至图7所示的导光装置，可以使得光源装置出射的光线具有较好的均匀性。The light source device provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure can make the light emitted by the light source device have better uniformity by using the light guide device shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 7 .
例如，如图8所示，导光装置的出光侧还可以设置扩散结构020，以将从导光装置出射的光线进行扩散，可以提高光线的均匀性。For example, as shown in FIG. 8 , a diffusion structure 020 may be provided on the light exit side of the light guide device to diffuse the light emitted from the light guide device, so as to improve the uniformity of the light.
例如，导光装置包括与其出光侧相对的背光侧，导光装置还可以包括第四反射结构，位于导光装置的背光侧，以将从导光装置的导光介质漏出的光线向导光装置的出光侧反射，提高光线的利用率。For example, the light guide device includes a backlight side opposite to its light-emitting side, and the light guide device may also include a fourth reflective structure, located on the backlight side of the light guide device, to guide the light leaked from the light guide medium of the light guide device to the backlight of the light guide device. Reflection on the light exit side improves the utilization of light.
例如，图9为根据本公开实施例提供的显示装置的局部截面结构示意图。如图9所示，显示装置包括显示面板600以及光源装置，该光源装置可以包括图1至图7任一示例提供的导光装置。For example, FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a display device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 9 , the display device includes a display panel 600 and a light source device, and the light source device may include the light guide device provided in any example in FIGS. 1 to 7 .
例如，如图9所示，显示面板600包括显示面601和与显示面601相对的背侧602，光源装置位于显示面板600的背侧602。例如，光源装置出射的光透过显示面板600后射向观察区。例如，显示面板600面向光源装置的一侧为非显示侧，显示面板600远离光源装置的一侧为显示侧，观察区位于显示面 板600的显示侧，该显示侧是用户可以观看到显示图像的一侧。例如，观察区和光源装置位于显示面板600的两侧。For example, as shown in FIG. 9 , the display panel 600 includes a display surface 601 and a backside 602 opposite to the display surface 601 , and the light source device is located on the backside 602 of the display panel 600 . For example, the light emitted by the light source device passes through the display panel 600 and then goes to the viewing area. For example, the side of the display panel 600 facing the light source device is the non-display side, the side of the display panel 600 away from the light source device is the display side, and the observation area is located on the display side of the display panel 600, and the display side is where the user can watch the displayed image. side. For example, the viewing area and the light source device are located on two sides of the display panel 600 .
例如，显示面板可以为液晶显示面板。液晶显示面板可以包括阵列基板、对置基板、位于阵列基板和对置基板之间的液晶层以及封装液晶层的封框胶。例如，液晶显示面板还包括设置在阵列基板远离对置基板的一侧的第一偏振层和设置在对置基板远离阵列基板的一侧的第二偏振层。例如，光源装置被配置为向液晶显示面板提供背光，背光通过液晶显示面板后转变为图像光。For example, the display panel may be a liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel may include an array substrate, an opposite substrate, a liquid crystal layer located between the array substrate and the opposite substrate, and a sealant for encapsulating the liquid crystal layer. For example, the liquid crystal display panel further includes a first polarizing layer disposed on a side of the array substrate away from the opposite substrate and a second polarizing layer disposed on a side of the opposite substrate away from the array substrate. For example, the light source device is configured to provide backlight to the liquid crystal display panel, and the backlight is converted into image light after passing through the liquid crystal display panel.
例如，第一偏振层的偏光轴方向和第二偏振层的偏光轴方向互相垂直，但不限于此。例如，第一偏振层可通过一种线偏振光，第二偏振层可通过另一种线偏振光，上述两种线偏振光的偏振方向垂直。For example, the direction of the polarization axis of the first polarizing layer and the direction of the polarization axis of the second polarizing layer are perpendicular to each other, but not limited thereto. For example, the first polarizing layer can pass one kind of linearly polarized light, and the second polarizing layer can pass another kind of linearly polarized light, and the polarization directions of the two kinds of linearly polarized light are perpendicular to each other.
例如，只有特定偏振态的光线才可经过液晶层与光源装置之间的第一偏振层而入射到液晶显示面板内部，并被利用成像。例如，本公开实施例提供的光源装置发出的光线为线偏振光，该线偏振光的偏振方向与第一偏振层的偏光轴平行，由此，光源装置射向显示面板的光线具有较高的利用率。For example, only light with a specific polarization state can pass through the first polarizing layer between the liquid crystal layer and the light source device to enter the liquid crystal display panel and be used for imaging. For example, the light emitted by the light source device provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure is linearly polarized light, and the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is parallel to the polarization axis of the first polarizing layer. Therefore, the light emitted from the light source device to the display panel has a higher utilization rate.
例如，如图9所示，第二导光元件120中，位于入光侧的最边缘的一个透反元件0110的反射率大于透射率。例如，该透反元件的反射率可以为100％或接近100％，从而将大部分甚至全部光线反射向与其相邻的透反元件，以使远离该透反元件的其他透反元件将光线耦出，既可以避免显示面板的边缘过亮，还可以避免该透反元件因具有一定透射率，使得透射的光线具有一定发散角，发散的光线从该透反元件的边缘漏出，与正常耦出的光线交叠，造成亮条。For example, as shown in FIG. 9 , in the second light guide element 120 , the reflectance of a transflective element 0110 located at the outermost edge of the light incident side is greater than the transmittance. For example, the reflectivity of the transflective element can be 100% or close to 100%, so that most or even all of the light is reflected to the adjacent transflective element, so that other transflective elements far away from the transflective element can couple the light to It can not only prevent the edge of the display panel from being too bright, but also prevent the transmitted light from having a certain divergence angle due to the certain transmittance of the transflective element, and the divergent light leaks from the edge of the transflective element, which is different from the normal coupling The rays of light overlap, causing bright bars.
例如，如图9所示，沿垂直于显示面板600的显示面的方向，上述最边缘的一个透反元件0110的至少部分与显示面板600没有交叠；或者，与上述最边缘的一个透反元件0110交叠的显示面板600的区域不用于成像。For example, as shown in FIG. 9 , along a direction perpendicular to the display surface of the display panel 600, at least part of the transflective element 0110 at the outermost edge does not overlap with the display panel 600; The area of the display panel 600 where element 0110 overlaps is not used for imaging.
在一些实施例中，多个第一光耦出部包括设置有反射介质的第一光耦出部，至少部分第一光耦出部设置有具有第一反射率的反射介质，至少部分第一光耦出部的至少两个第一光耦出部中，具有第一反射率的反射介质占相应的第一光耦出部的面积比不同以使至少两个第一光耦出部的反射率不同。例如，第一光耦出部为透反元件。下面以透反元件为第一光耦出部为例进行描述。In some embodiments, the plurality of first light outcoupling portions include first light outcoupling portions provided with a reflective medium, at least part of the first light outcoupler portions are provided with a reflective medium with a first reflectivity, at least part of the first light outcoupler In the at least two first light outcoupling parts of the light outcoupling part, the reflective medium with the first reflectivity occupies a different area ratio of the corresponding first light outcoupling part so that the reflection of the at least two first light outcoupling parts Rates are different. For example, the first light outcoupling portion is a transflective element. In the following description, the transflective element is taken as the first optical outcoupling part as an example.
本公开至少一实施例提供一种导光装置。导光装置包括：多个透反元件，多个透反元件的至少部分被配置为将传播至透反元件的光线的一部分通过反射和透射之一射出导光装置，且通过反射和透射的另一者使得传播至透反元件的光线的另一部分继续在导光装置中传播。多个透反元件包括设置有反射介质的透反元件，至少部分透反元件设置有具有第一反射率的反射介质，至少部分透反元件的至少两个透反元件中，具有第一反射率的反射介质占相应的透反元件的面积比不同以使至少两个透反元件的反射率不同。At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a light guiding device. The light guide device includes: a plurality of transflective elements, at least part of the plurality of transflective elements is configured to let a part of the light propagating to the transflective element exit the light guide device through one of reflection and transmission, and through the other of reflection and transmission One makes the other part of the light transmitted to the transflective element continue to propagate in the light guiding device. The plurality of transflective elements includes a transflective element provided with a reflective medium, at least some of the transflective elements are provided with a reflective medium having a first reflectivity, and at least some of the at least two transflective elements of the transreflective elements have the first reflectivity The reflective media account for different area ratios of the corresponding transflective elements so that at least two transflective elements have different reflectivities.
在一些实施例中，多个第一光耦出部包括设置有反射介质的第一光耦出部，至少一个第一光耦出部设置的反射介质包括至少两种不同反射率。例如，多个透反元件包括设置有反射介质的透反元件，至少一个透反元件设置的反射介质包括至少两种不同反射率，且多个透反元件设置的反射介质的反射率种类数量小于多个透反元件的数量。In some embodiments, the plurality of first light outcoupling portions include a first light outcoupling portion provided with a reflective medium, and the reflective medium provided on at least one first light outcoupler portion includes at least two different reflectivities. For example, a plurality of transflective elements include a transflective element provided with a reflective medium, at least one reflective medium provided by the transreflective element includes at least two different reflectivities, and the number of reflective types of the reflective medium provided by the multiple transflective elements is less than Number of multiple transflective elements.
本公开实施例中，通过在至少两个透反元件设置反射率均为第一反射率的反射介质，和/或，将反射介质的反射率种类数量设置为小于多个透反元件的数量，可以减少透反元件所需的透反膜的种类，有利于降低导光装置的成本。In an embodiment of the present disclosure, by setting reflective media with the first reflectivity in at least two transflective elements, and/or setting the number of reflective types of the reflective media to be smaller than the number of multiple transflective elements, The type of the transflective film required by the transflective element can be reduced, which is beneficial to reduce the cost of the light guide device.
下面结合附图对本公开实施例提供的导光装置、光源装置、抬头显示器进行描述。The light guide device, the light source device, and the head-up display provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
图10为根据本公开实施例提供的导光装置的局部截面结构示意图。如图10所示，导光装置包括多个透反元件0110，至少部分透反元件0110被配置为将传播至透反元件0110的光线的一部分通过反射和透射之一射出导光装置，且通过反射和透射的另一者使得传播至透反元件0110的光线的另一部分继续在导光装置中传播。本公开实施例示意性的示出至少部分透反元件0110被配置为将传播至透反元件0110的光线的一部分反射出导光装置，且透射光线的另一部分以使该部分光线继续在导光装置中传播。本公开实施例中，透反元件可以作为导光装置的光耦出部，将在导光装置中传播的光线耦出至一区域。例如，多个透反元件中距离该多个透反元件入光侧最远的一个透反元件可以具有95％以上的反射率，或者具有5％以下的透射率，例如该透反元件可以仅反射光线。Fig. 10 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 10 , the light guide device includes a plurality of transflective elements 0110, and at least part of the transflective elements 0110 are configured to let a part of the light propagating to the transflective elements 0110 exit the light guide device through one of reflection and transmission, and pass through The other of reflection and transmission makes the other part of the light propagated to the transflective element 0110 continue to propagate in the light guiding device. The embodiment of the present disclosure schematically shows that at least part of the transflective element 0110 is configured to reflect a part of the light propagating to the transflective element 0110 out of the light guide device, and transmit another part of the light so that the part of the light continues to guide the light. disseminated in the device. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the transflective element can be used as the light outcoupling part of the light guide device, and couples the light propagating in the light guide device to a region. For example, a transreflective element farthest from the light-incident side of the plurality of transreflective elements may have a reflectivity of more than 95%, or a transmittance of less than 5%, for example, the transflective element may only Reflect light.
例如，透反元件可以包括设置在导光装置的出光区域(例如出光面)的网点结构，可以通过破坏在导光装置中全反射传播的光线的反射角而使得一部分光线可以被网点结构透射出导光装置，一部分光线可以被网点结构反射以继续在导光装置中传播。For example, the transflective element may include a dot structure arranged on the light-exiting area (such as the light-exiting surface) of the light guide device, and a part of the light may be transmitted by the dot structure by destroying the reflection angle of the light propagating through total reflection in the light guide device. In the light guide device, part of the light can be reflected by the dot structure to continue to propagate in the light guide device.
如图10所示，多个透反元件0110包括设置有反射介质0111的透反元件，至少部分透反元件0110设置有具有第一反射率的反射介质0111，至少部分透反元件0110的至少两个透反元件0110中，具有第一反射率的反射介质0111占相应的透反元件0110的面积比不同以使至少两个透反元件0110的反射率不同；或者，多个透反元件0110包括设置有反射介质0111的透反元件，至少一个透反元件0110设置的反射介质0111包括至少两种不同反射率，且多个透反元件0110设置的反射介质0111的反射率种类数量小于多个透反元件0110的数量。本公开实施例中，通过在至少两个透反元件设置反射率均为第一反射率的反射介质，或者，将反射介质的反射率种类数量设置为小于多个透反元件的数量，可以减少透反元件所需的透反膜的种类，有利于降低导光装置的成本。As shown in FIG. 10 , a plurality of transflective elements 0110 include a transflective element provided with a reflective medium 0111, at least some of the transflective elements 0110 are provided with a reflective medium 0111 having a first reflectivity, at least two of at least some of the transflective elements 0110 Among the transreflective elements 0110, the reflective medium 0111 having the first reflectivity accounts for different area ratios of the corresponding transreflective elements 0110 so that at least two transreflective elements 0110 have different reflectivities; or, a plurality of transreflective elements 0110 include A transflective element provided with a reflective medium 0111, the reflective medium 0111 set by at least one transflective element 0110 includes at least two different reflectivities, and the number of reflectance types of the reflective medium 0111 set by multiple transflective elements 0110 is less than that of multiple transflective elements 0110 The number of inverse elements 0110. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, by setting reflective media with the first reflectivity in at least two transflective elements, or by setting the number of reflective types of the reflective media to be smaller than the number of multiple transflective elements, it is possible to reduce The type of transflective film required by the transflective element is beneficial to reduce the cost of the light guide device.
在一些实施例中，至少一个第一光耦出部设置的反射介质包括一层反射膜(即，反射介质为单层膜结构)；或者，至少一个第一光耦出部设置的反射介质包括堆叠设置的多层反射膜。例如，上述至少一个透反元件设置的反射介质可以为包括一层反射膜的介质，也可以为包括多层反射膜的介质，上述反射介质的反射率指该反射介质包括的多膜层整体的反射率。例如，上述反射介质也可以为透反介质，该透反介质可以为包括一层透反膜的介质，也可以为包括多层透反膜的介质，透反介质的透射率指该透反介质包括的膜层整体的透射率。例如，至少一个透反元件设置的所述反射介质包括堆叠设置的多层反射膜。例如，所述多层反射膜包括五氧化二钽、二氧化钛、氧化镁、氧化锌、氧化锆、二氧化硅、氟化镁、氮化硅、氮氧化硅以及氟化铝中的多种。In some embodiments, the reflective medium provided by at least one first optical outcoupling part includes a layer of reflective film (that is, the reflective medium is a single-layer film structure); or, the reflective medium provided by at least one first optical outcoupler part includes Stacked multilayer reflective films. For example, the reflective medium provided by the above-mentioned at least one transflective element may be a medium comprising a layer of reflective film, or may be a medium comprising a multilayer reflective film, and the reflectivity of the above-mentioned reflective medium refers to the overall multi-film layer included in the reflective medium. Reflectivity. For example, the above-mentioned reflective medium may also be a transflective medium, and the transflective medium may be a medium comprising a layer of transflective film, or a medium comprising multiple layers of transflective films, and the transmittance of the transflective medium refers to the Transmittance of the entire film layer included. For example, the reflective medium provided by at least one transflective element includes multi-layer reflective films arranged in a stack. For example, the multilayer reflective film includes several kinds of tantalum pentoxide, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium fluoride, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride and aluminum fluoride.
例如，多个透反元件中的每个透反元件都设置有反射介质。本公开实施例不限于此，例如，最靠近多个透反元件的入光侧的透反元件可以不设置反射介质，该透反元件可以为透明基材的透光表面，能够反射部分光，并透射另一部分光。For example, each transflective element of the plurality of transflective elements is provided with a reflective medium. Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the transflective element closest to the light-incident side of the plurality of transflective elements may not be provided with a reflective medium, and the transflective element may be a light-transmitting surface of a transparent substrate capable of reflecting part of the light. and transmit another part of the light.
例如，如图10所示，多个透反元件0110沿光线在导光装置中的传播方向排列。例如，沿多个透反元件0110的排列方向，多个透反元件0110的反射率逐渐增大或者呈区域性地逐渐增大。For example, as shown in FIG. 10 , a plurality of transflective elements 0110 are arranged along the propagation direction of light in the light guide device. For example, along the arrangement direction of the plurality of transreflective elements 0110 , the reflectivity of the plurality of transreflective elements 0110 gradually increases or gradually increases regionally.
上述“光线在导光装置中的传播方向”可以指光线传播的整体(宏观)的方向，例如在导光装置中光线传播的方向指图10所示的与X方向的箭头指向相反的方向，进入导光装置的光线可以在导光装置中进行全反射传播，和/或也可以进行非全反射传播，本公开实施例对此不作限制。这里的“非全反射传播”指光线在导光装置中传播时不满足全反射条件，例如在导光装置的表面的入射角小于全反射临界角，例如入射至导光装置的光线的主方向或者入射至导光装置的光线的主光轴传播方向为平行于一直线的方向，例如可以与X方向平行，还有部分光线镜面反射后继续传播。本公开实施例中的“平行”包括完全平行和大致平行，完全平行指任意两者之间夹角为0°，大致平行指任意两者之间的夹角不大于20°，例如，任意两者之间的夹角不大于10°。例如，任意两者之间的夹角不大于5°。The above "direction of propagation of light in the light guide device" may refer to the overall (macroscopic) direction of light propagation, for example, the direction of light propagation in the light guide device refers to the direction opposite to the arrow in the X direction as shown in Figure 10, The light entering the light guide device may propagate in the light guide device through total reflection, and/or may also undergo non-total reflection propagation, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. The "non-total reflection propagation" here means that the light does not satisfy the total reflection condition when propagating in the light guide device, for example, the incident angle on the surface of the light guide device is less than the critical angle of total reflection, such as the main direction of the light incident to the light guide device Alternatively, the propagation direction of the main optical axis of the light incident on the light guide device is a direction parallel to a straight line, for example, parallel to the X direction, and part of the light is specularly reflected and continues to propagate. "Parallel" in the embodiments of the present disclosure includes completely parallel and roughly parallel, completely parallel means that the angle between any two is 0°, roughly parallel means that the angle between any two is not greater than 20°, for example, any two The angle between them is not more than 10°. For example, the angle between any two is not greater than 5°.
例如，上述“多个透反元件0110的反射率逐渐增大”指多个透反元件的反射率均不同，且沿多个透反元件的排列方向，多个透反元件的反射呈逐渐增大的趋势。例如，多个透反元件的数量可以为8个，沿光线在导光装置中的传播方向(如多个透反元件的排列方向)，8个透反元件的反射率可以依次分别设置为1/8、1/7、1/6、1/5、1/4、1/3、1/2以及1。For example, the above-mentioned "the reflectivity of the multiple transflective elements 0110 gradually increases" means that the reflectivity of the multiple transflective elements is different, and along the arrangement direction of the multiple transflective elements, the reflection of the multiple transflective elements gradually increases. big trend. For example, the number of multiple transreflective elements can be 8, along the propagation direction of light in the light guide device (such as the arrangement direction of multiple transflective elements), the reflectivity of the 8 transflective elements can be set to 1 respectively in turn /8, 1/7, 1/6, 1/5, 1/4, 1/3, 1/2, and 1.
例如，上述区域性地逐渐增大可以指：将多个透反元件划分为两个或两个以上的区域(至少一个区域包括至少两个透反元件)，上述不同区域中透反元件的反射率不同且整体呈逐渐增大的趋势。例如，在一个区域包括多个透反元件时，该区域内的多个透反元件相邻分布设置，可以认为该区域内的多个透反元件中任意两个透反元件之间没有设置属于其他区域的透反元件。例如，在一个区域包括多个透反元件时，这些透反元件的反射率可以相同，也可以不同，在这些透反元件的反射率不同时，反射率可以逐渐变化(例如，反射率可以设置为1/8、1/7、1/6)，当然，反射率也可以没有特定的变化规律(例如，反射率可以设置为1/8、1/7、1/8)，多个区域整体呈逐渐变化趋势就可以。For example, the above-mentioned regional gradual increase may refer to: dividing a plurality of transflective elements into two or more regions (at least one region includes at least two transflective elements), the reflections of the transflective elements in the above-mentioned different regions The rates are different and the overall trend is gradually increasing. For example, when a region includes a plurality of transreflective elements, and the plurality of transreflective elements in the region are adjacently distributed, it can be considered that there is no arrangement between any two transreflective elements among the plurality of transreflective elements in the region. Transflective elements in other areas. For example, when a region includes a plurality of transreflective elements, the reflectivity of these transreflective elements can be the same or different; 1/8, 1/7, 1/6), of course, the reflectivity can also have no specific change rule (for example, the reflectivity can be set to 1/8, 1/7, 1/8), multiple regions as a whole It can be a gradual change trend.
例如，如图10所述，导光装置包括导光介质123，例如导光介质123包括透明材质，例如导光介质123可以是树脂、玻璃或塑料等透明材料制作而成的透明基板，透明基板被配置为将进入导光介质 123的光线进行全反射传播和/或非全反射传播。例如，导光介质123包括空气。For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the light guide device includes a light guide medium 123. For example, the light guide medium 123 includes a transparent material. For example, the light guide medium 123 can be a transparent substrate made of transparent materials such as resin, glass or plastic. The transparent substrate It is configured to transmit the light entering the light guide medium 123 through total reflection and/or non-total reflection transmission. For example, the light guide medium 123 includes air.
上述的“非全反射传播”指光线(例如部分发散角较小的光线)在导光介质123中的传播为除全反射之外的传播方式，例如光线可以在导光介质123内传播且不反射(例如在导光介质123与空气之间的界面上不反射)；或者，光线(例如部分发散角较大的光线)也可以是以非全反射的方式反射传播，例如其可以不满足全反射条件，例如导光介质123与空气(或其他介质)之间的界面上发生反射时的反射角小于全反射临界角，可以认为光线没有或很少在导光介质中发生全反射传播。例如，入射至导光介质的光线的主方向或者入射至导光介质的光线的主光轴传播方向为平行于一直线的方向，例如可以与X方向平行，还有部分光线镜面反射后继续传播。The above-mentioned "non-total reflection propagation" refers to the propagation of light (such as light with a small divergence angle) in the light guide medium 123 in a way other than total reflection, for example, light can propagate in the light guide medium 123 without Reflection (such as no reflection on the interface between the light guide medium 123 and the air); or, light (such as light with a larger divergence angle) can also reflect and propagate in a non-total reflection mode, for example, it can not meet the requirements of total reflection. Reflection conditions, for example, when the reflection angle at the interface between the light guide medium 123 and air (or other medium) is smaller than the critical angle of total reflection, it can be considered that light does not or rarely propagates through total reflection in the light guide medium. For example, the main direction of the light incident to the light guide medium or the main optical axis propagation direction of the light incident to the light guide medium is a direction parallel to a straight line, for example, it can be parallel to the X direction, and some light rays continue to propagate after specular reflection .
上述的“全反射传播”可以指光线(例如部分发散角较大且满足全反射条件的光线)在导光介质123与空气(或其他介质)之间的界面上发生反射时的反射角不小于全反射临界角。例如，入射至导光介质的光线大部分全反射传播。例如，入射至导光介质的光线的一部分几乎不反射且沿直线在导光介质中传播，另一部分光线全反射后继续传播。The above-mentioned "total reflection propagation" may mean that the reflection angle of the light (for example, the light with a large divergence angle and satisfying the total reflection condition) on the interface between the light guide medium 123 and the air (or other medium) is not less than The critical angle for total reflection. For example, most of the light incident on the light-guiding medium propagates through total reflection. For example, a part of the light incident on the light guide medium hardly reflects and propagates in the light guide medium along a straight line, while another part of the light rays continues to propagate after total reflection.
例如，导光介质123由可实现波导功能的材料制成，一般为折射率大于1的透明材料。例如，导光介质123的材料可以包括二氧化硅、铌酸锂、绝缘体上硅(SOI,Silicon-on-insulator)、高分子聚合物、Ⅲ-Ⅴ族半导体化合物和玻璃等中的一种或多种。For example, the light guiding medium 123 is made of a material that can realize a waveguide function, and is generally a transparent material with a refractive index greater than 1. For example, the material of the light-guiding medium 123 may include one or more of silicon dioxide, lithium niobate, silicon-on-insulator (SOI, Silicon-on-insulator), polymer, III-V semiconductor compound, and glass. Various.
例如，导光介质123可为平面基板、条形基板和脊型基板等。例如，本公开实施例的至少一示例中，导光介质采用平面基板以形成均匀的面光源。For example, the light guide medium 123 may be a planar substrate, a stripe substrate, a ridge substrate, and the like. For example, in at least one example of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the light guide medium adopts a planar substrate to form a uniform surface light source.
例如，透反元件0110可以为导光介质123的表面。例如，导光介质123可被划分为多个截面为平行四边形的柱体(例如平行六面体)，在拼接的柱体之间可以设置透反元件0110。例如，上述柱体可以包括彼此相对的两个表面，这两个表面之一可以为柱体的入光面，另一个表面位于入光面的背侧。例如，透反元件可以为柱体入光面的表面，也可以为柱体中与入光面相背的表面。例如，反射介质可以采用镀设或者贴覆的方式设置在透反元件上，即可以设置在柱体的表面，例如上述柱体彼此拼接的表面。For example, the transflective element 0110 may be the surface of the light guide medium 123 . For example, the light guide medium 123 can be divided into a plurality of cylinders (such as parallelepipeds) with a parallelogram cross section, and transflective elements 0110 can be arranged between the joined cylinders. For example, the above cylinder may include two surfaces opposite to each other, one of the two surfaces may be the light incident surface of the cylinder, and the other surface is located at the back side of the light incident surface. For example, the transflective element may be the surface of the light incident surface of the cylinder, or the surface of the cylinder opposite to the light incident surface. For example, the reflective medium can be disposed on the transflective element by plating or cladding, that is, it can be disposed on the surface of the pillars, such as the surface where the above-mentioned pillars are spliced together.
例如，导光介质123包括沿X方向排列且彼此贴合的多个波导子介质，相邻波导子介质之间夹设反射介质，各波导子介质被配置为使得光线发生全反射，上述包括反射介质的透反元件0110被配置为通过反射破坏部分光线的全反射条件而将该部分光线耦出导光装置。For example, the light guide medium 123 includes a plurality of waveguide sub-mediums arranged along the X direction and bonded to each other. A reflective medium is interposed between adjacent waveguide sub-mediums. Each waveguide sub-medium is configured to allow total reflection of light. The transflective element 0110 of the medium is configured to couple a portion of the light out of the light guide by breaking the total reflection condition of the portion of the light by reflection.
例如，导光介质123为空气时，多个透反元件(例如透反元件阵列)可以用支撑板、胶粘等手段实现固定，由此可以减轻导光装置的重量，实用性较强。For example, when the light guide medium 123 is air, a plurality of transflective elements (such as an array of transflective elements) can be fixed by means of support plates, glues, etc., thereby reducing the weight of the light guide device and having strong practicability.
例如，导光介质123为透明基材时，导光介质123的出光面可以是实体面，例如透明基材的一个表面。例如，在导光介质123为空气时，导光介质的出光面可以是一个非实体的虚拟面。For example, when the light guide medium 123 is a transparent substrate, the light exit surface of the light guide medium 123 may be a solid surface, such as a surface of the transparent substrate. For example, when the light guide medium 123 is air, the light output surface of the light guide medium may be a non-substantial virtual surface.
例如，本公开实施例以多个透反元件0110均彼此平行为例进行描述，此时从多个透反元件0110出射的光线为平行光，例如多个透反元件0110耦出的光线可以是准直光线，例如准直方向垂直于出光面，或者倾斜于出光面；准直光线的方向一致性好，可以提高光线利用率等。但本公开实施例不限于此，多个透反元件还可以不平行，通过调整多个透反元件之间的夹角，可以将从多个透反元件出射的光线调整为会聚光或者发散光。For example, the embodiment of the present disclosure is described by taking a plurality of transflective elements 0110 parallel to each other as an example. At this time, the light emitted from the plurality of transflective elements 0110 is parallel light. For example, the light coupled out of the plurality of transflective elements 0110 can be Collimated light, for example, the collimation direction is perpendicular to the light-emitting surface, or inclined to the light-emitting surface; the direction of the collimated light is consistent, which can improve the light utilization rate, etc. However, the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and the multiple transflective elements may not be parallel. By adjusting the angle between the multiple transflective elements, the light emitted from the multiple transflective elements can be adjusted to convergent light or divergent light. .
例如，如图10所示，多个透反元件0110的倾斜方向相同。上述“倾斜方向”可以指透反元件0110相对于Y方向的倾斜方向，例如以X方向的箭头所指的方向为向右，多个透反元件0110向左倾斜。例如，多个透反元件0110的倾斜方向可以均相同，或者也可以有一定的误差范围，例如具有0°-10°的误差范围。For example, as shown in FIG. 10 , the inclination directions of a plurality of transreflective elements 0110 are the same. The aforementioned "inclined direction" may refer to the inclined direction of the transreflective element 0110 relative to the Y direction, for example, the direction indicated by the arrow in the X direction is rightward, and the plurality of transreflective elements 0110 are inclined leftward. For example, the inclination directions of the multiple transflective elements 0110 may all be the same, or may have a certain error range, for example, an error range of 0°-10°.
在一些实施例中，至少部分第一光耦出部的至少两个第一光耦出部中，具有相同反射率的反射介质占相应的第一光耦出部的面积比不同以使至少两个第一光耦出部的反射率不同。In some embodiments, in at least two first optical outcoupling parts of at least part of the first optical outcoupling parts, the reflective medium with the same reflectivity occupies a different area ratio of the corresponding first light outcoupling parts, so that at least two The reflectivity of each first optical outcoupling part is different.
例如，图11A至图11H为根据本公开实施例提供的透反元件的局部平面结构示意图。如图11A至图11H所示，多个透反元件0110包括设置有反射介质0111的透反元件，至少部分透反元件0110设置有具有第一反射率的反射介质0111，上述至少部分透反元件0110中的至少两个透反元件0110中，具有第一反射率的反射介质0111占相应的透反元件0110的面积比不同以使至少两个透反元件0110的反射率不同。例如，上述第一反射率可以指至少一个特定反射率，如80％、70％、60％及其他数值中的 至少一者。例如，至少两个透反元件0110中，反射介质0111具有第一反射率，第一反射率为一个特定反射率，例如第一反射率为60％，上述至少两个透反元件0110均具有相同的反射率；或者，至少两个透反元件0110中，反射介质0111具有第一反射率，第一反射率包括多个特定反射率，例如第一反射率包括60％和80％，可以认为至少两个透反元件0110上均设置有反射率为60％的反射介质和反射率为80％的反射介质。For example, FIG. 11A to FIG. 11H are schematic diagrams of a partial planar structure of a transflective element provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 11A to FIG. 11H , a plurality of transreflective elements 0110 include a transreflective element provided with a reflective medium 0111, at least some of the transflective elements 0110 are provided with a reflective medium 0111 having a first reflectivity, and at least some of the transflective elements In the at least two transreflective elements 0110 in 0110 , the reflective medium 0111 having the first reflectivity accounts for different area ratios of the corresponding transreflective elements 0110 so that the reflectivity of at least two transreflective elements 0110 is different. For example, the above-mentioned first reflectivity may refer to at least one specific reflectivity, such as at least one of 80%, 70%, 60% and other numerical values. For example, in the at least two transflective elements 0110, the reflective medium 0111 has a first reflectivity, the first reflectivity is a specific reflectivity, for example, the first reflectivity is 60%, and the above-mentioned at least two transflective elements 0110 all have the same Or, in at least two transflective elements 0110, the reflective medium 0111 has a first reflectivity, the first reflectivity includes a plurality of specific reflectivity, for example, the first reflectivity includes 60% and 80%, it can be considered that at least Both transflective elements 0110 are provided with a reflection medium with a reflectivity of 60% and a reflective medium with a reflectivity of 80%.
例如，至少部分透反元件0110设置有具有同一种反射率的反射介质0111，至少部分透反元件0110的至少两个透反元件0110中，具有同一种反射率的反射介质0111占相应的透反元件0110的面积比不同以使至少两个透反元件0110的反射率不同。上述“同一种反射率”可以指相同的反射率，包括完全相同的反射率和近似相同的反射率，近似相同的反射率指任意两者的反射率之差与其中之一的比值不大于10％(例如，可以不大于8％、5％或1％)。For example, at least some of the transflective elements 0110 are provided with reflective media 0111 with the same reflectivity, and among at least two transflective elements 0110 of at least some of the transflective elements 0110, the reflective medium 0111 with the same reflectivity accounts for the corresponding transflective The area ratio of the elements 0110 is different such that the reflectance of at least two transflective elements 0110 is different. The above-mentioned "same reflectivity" may refer to the same reflectivity, including exactly the same reflectivity and approximately the same reflectivity. Approximately the same reflectivity means that the ratio of the difference between any two reflectivities to one of them is not greater than 10 % (eg, may be no greater than 8%, 5%, or 1%).
例如，至少部分透反元件0110设置有具有两种或两种以上反射率的反射介质0111，至少部分透反元件0110的至少两个透反元件0110中，具有同一种反射率的反射介质0111占相应的透反元件0110的面积比不同以使至少两个透反元件0110的反射率不同。例如，反射介质0111包括反射率为60％和反射率为80％的两种介质，至少两个透反元件0110中，反射率为60％的反射介质占相应的透反元件0110的面积比不同，和/或反射率为80％的反射介质占相应的透反元件0110的面积比不同，以使至少两个透反元件0110的反射率不同。上述“同一种反射率”可以指相同的反射率，包括完全相同的反射率和近似相同的反射率，近似相同的反射率指任意两者的反射率之差与其中之一的比值不大于10％(例如，可以不大于8％、5％或1％)。For example, at least some of the transflective elements 0110 are provided with reflective media 0111 having two or more reflectivities, and among at least two transflective elements 0110 of at least part of the transflective elements 0110, the reflective media 0111 with the same reflectivity occupy The area ratios of the corresponding transflective elements 0110 are different so that at least two transflective elements 0110 have different reflectances. For example, the reflection medium 0111 includes two media with a reflectivity of 60% and a reflectivity of 80%. In at least two transflective elements 0110, the reflective medium with a reflectivity of 60% accounts for different area ratios of the corresponding transflective elements 0110. , and/or the area ratio of the reflective medium with a reflectivity of 80% to the corresponding transflective elements 0110 is different, so that at least two transflective elements 0110 have different reflectivities. The above-mentioned "same reflectivity" may refer to the same reflectivity, including exactly the same reflectivity and approximately the same reflectivity. Approximately the same reflectivity means that the ratio of the difference between any two reflectivities to one of them is not greater than 10 % (eg, may be no greater than 8%, 5%, or 1%).
本公开至少一实施例通过在至少两个透反元件设置具有第一反射率(例如，相同的反射率)的反射介质，且通过调节该至少两个透反元件上反射率相同的反射介质的面积来调节相应透反元件的反射率，减少反射介质的种类，降低了透反元件的制作成本。In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, reflective media with a first reflectivity (for example, the same reflectivity) are provided on at least two transflective elements, and by adjusting the The reflectivity of the corresponding transflective element is adjusted according to the area, the types of reflective media are reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the transflective element is reduced.
例如，图11A至图11H示意性的示出透反元件0110的形状为矩形，但是不限于此，透反元件的形状还可以为圆形、椭圆形或者六边形等其他多边形。For example, FIGS. 11A to 11H schematically show that the shape of the transflective element 0110 is a rectangle, but it is not limited thereto. The shape of the transflective element can also be other polygons such as circle, ellipse, or hexagon.
在一些实施例中，多个第一光耦出部的面积相同，且同一第一光耦出部设置的反射介质为具有同一种反射率的反射介质。例如，如图11A至图11H所示，多个(例如，所有)透反元件0110的每个透反元件的面积相同，且同一透反元件0110设置的反射介质0111为具有同一种反射率的反射介质0111。上述“面积相同”可以指两者的面积完全相同或者大致相同，例如两者的面积之比为0.8～1.2，例如可以是0.9～1.1。In some embodiments, the areas of the multiple first light outcoupling parts are the same, and the reflective medium provided for the same first light outcoupler part is a reflective medium with the same reflectivity. For example, as shown in FIG. 11A to FIG. 11H , the area of each transflective element of multiple (for example, all) transreflective elements 0110 is the same, and the reflective medium 0111 set in the same transflective element 0110 has the same reflectivity. Reflective medium 0111. The above "same area" may mean that the two areas are completely the same or approximately the same, for example, the ratio of the two areas is 0.8-1.2, for example, it may be 0.9-1.1.
例如，该反射介质0111可以选用反射率较大的材质，例如，该反射介质0111的反射率可以不小于80％。例如，该反射介质0111的反射率可以不小于90％。例如，该反射介质0111的反射率可以不小于95％。通过在同一透反元件设置反射率较大的反射介质，可以使得该透反元件的反射率具有较大的可调节范围，即该透反元件可以调节为具有较大的反射率(如与反射介质具有相同的反射率)，也可以具有较小的反射率(如反射率小于40％)。当然，本公开实施例不限于此，根据透反元件的位置以及对反射率的需求，一些透反元件设置的反射介质也可以采用反射率较低的材质。For example, the reflective medium 0111 may be made of a material with high reflectivity, for example, the reflective medium 0111 may not be less than 80%. For example, the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 may not be less than 90%. For example, the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 may not be less than 95%. By arranging a reflective medium with a higher reflectivity in the same transflective element, the reflectivity of the transreflective element can be adjusted in a larger range, that is, the transflective element can be adjusted to have a larger reflectivity (such as with reflection The medium has the same reflectivity), and may also have a smaller reflectivity (such as reflectivity less than 40%). Of course, the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. According to the position of the transreflective element and the requirement for reflectivity, the reflective medium provided by some transflective elements may also be made of a material with low reflectivity.
在一些实施例中，多个第一光耦出部中的每个第一光耦出部设置的反射介质均为具有第一反射率的所述反射介质。例如，如图11A至图11H所示，所有透反元件0110设置的反射介质0111均为具有第一反射率的反射介质0111。例如，所有透反元件0110上均设置具有相同反射率的反射介质0111。例如，多个透反元件0110设置的反射介质0111可以为采用同一材料制作的反射介质0111，从而极大减少了反射介质的种类，降低了产品的制作成本。In some embodiments, the reflection medium provided for each of the first light outcoupling parts in the plurality of first light outcoupling parts is the reflection medium having the first reflectivity. For example, as shown in FIG. 11A to FIG. 11H , all the reflective media 0111 provided in the transflective elements 0110 are reflective media 0111 having a first reflectivity. For example, all transflective elements 0110 are provided with reflective media 0111 having the same reflectivity. For example, the reflective medium 0111 provided by the multiple transflective elements 0110 can be made of the same material, thereby greatly reducing the types of reflective medium and reducing the production cost of the product.
在一些实施例中，第一光耦出部的反射率与其设置的反射介质的面积呈正相关。例如，如图11A至图11H所示，透反元件0110的反射率与其设置的反射介质0111的面积呈正相关。例如，对于一个透反元件0110，其设置的反射介质0111的面积越大，该透反元件0110的反射率越大，当反射介质0111的面积与该透反元件0110的表面面积几乎相同时，该透反元件0110的反射率达到最大，几乎可以与反射介质0111的反射率相等。在反射介质0111的面积小于该透反元件0110的表面面积时，该透反元件0110的反射率小于反射介质0111的反射率，由此，通过调节透反元件0110设置的反射介质 0111的面积，可以调节透反元件0110的反射率。In some embodiments, the reflectivity of the first light outcoupling portion is positively correlated with the area of the reflective medium on which it is disposed. For example, as shown in FIG. 11A to FIG. 11H , the reflectivity of the transflective element 0110 is positively correlated with the area of the reflective medium 0111 provided therein. For example, for a transflective element 0110, the larger the area of the reflective medium 0111 is, the greater the reflectivity of the transflective element 0110 is. When the area of the reflective medium 0111 is almost the same as the surface area of the transflective element 0110, The reflectivity of the transflective element 0110 reaches the maximum and can be almost equal to the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 . When the area of the reflective medium 0111 is smaller than the surface area of the transflective element 0110, the reflectivity of the transflective element 0110 is smaller than the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111, thus, by adjusting the area of the reflective medium 0111 set by the transflective element 0110, The reflectivity of the transflective element 0110 can be adjusted.
在一些实施例中，部分第一光耦出部还包括空白区域，空白区域包括第一光耦出部未设置反射介质的区域。例如，如图11A至图11H所示，部分透反元件0110还包括空白区域0112，空白区域0112包括透反元件0110未设置反射介质0111的区域。例如，透反元件0110上除反射介质0111以外的区域即为空白区域0112。通过调节一个透反元件上的反射介质与空白区域的面积比，可以调节该透反元件的反射率，其中，反射介质与空白区域的面积比越大，透反元件的反射率越高。例如，多个透反元件可以为导光介质中包括的多个平行六面体的表面(例如多个平行六面体彼此拼接的表面)，空白区域可以为上述表面中没有设置反射介质的区域。In some embodiments, part of the first optical outcoupling portion further includes a blank area, and the blank area includes an area where no reflective medium is provided in the first optical outcoupling portion. For example, as shown in FIG. 11A to FIG. 11H , part of the transreflective element 0110 further includes a blank area 0112 , and the blank area 0112 includes an area of the transflective element 0110 where no reflective medium 0111 is disposed. For example, the area on the transflective element 0110 except the reflective medium 0111 is the blank area 0112 . By adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium to the blank area on a transflective element, the reflectivity of the transflective element can be adjusted, wherein the larger the area ratio of the reflective medium to the blank area, the higher the reflectivity of the transflective element. For example, the multiple transflective elements may be surfaces of multiple parallelepipeds included in the light guide medium (for example, multiple parallelepiped surfaces spliced with each other), and the blank area may be an area of the above surfaces where no reflective medium is provided.
例如，图11A所示的透反元件0110中的反射介质0111与空白区域0112的面积比大于图11B所示的透反元件0110中的反射介质0111与空白区域0112的面积比，则图11A所示的透反元件0110的反射率大于图11B所示的透反元件0110。图11A和图11B示意性的示出，反射介质0111沿U方向延伸且沿V方向排列，本公开实施例不限于此，反射介质还可以设置为沿V方向延伸且沿U方向排列，这里的U方向和V方向可以互换。For example, the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112 in the transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 11A is greater than the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112 in the transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. The reflectivity of the transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 11B is greater than that of the transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 11B . Figure 11A and Figure 11B schematically show that the reflective medium 0111 extends along the U direction and is arranged along the V direction, the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the reflective medium can also be set to extend along the V direction and be arranged along the U direction, here The U direction and the V direction are interchangeable.
例如，图11C和图11D示意性的示出反射介质0111沿与U方向和V方向相交的方向延伸，且通过调节反射介质0111与空白区域0112的面积比，可以调节相应的透反元件0110的反射率。For example, Figure 11C and Figure 11D schematically show that the reflective medium 0111 extends along the direction intersecting the U direction and the V direction, and by adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112, the corresponding transflective element 0110 can be adjusted Reflectivity.
例如，图11E和图11F示意性的示出反射介质0111的形状为圆形，且通过调节反射介质0111与空白区域0112的面积比，可以调节相应的透反元件的反射率。For example, FIG. 11E and FIG. 11F schematically show that the shape of the reflective medium 0111 is circular, and by adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112, the reflectivity of the corresponding transflective element can be adjusted.
例如，图11G和图11H示意性的示出反射介质0111的形状为矩形，且通过调节反射介质0111与空白区域0112的面积比，可以调节相应的透反元件的反射率。For example, FIG. 11G and FIG. 11H schematically show that the shape of the reflective medium 0111 is a rectangle, and by adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112, the reflectivity of the corresponding transflective element can be adjusted.
当然，反射介质的形状不限于图中所示的长条形或者圆形，还可以为其他形状，例如椭圆形，多边形等规则形状，或者其他不规则形状。Of course, the shape of the reflective medium is not limited to the strip shape or circle shown in the figure, and may also be other shapes, such as regular shapes such as ellipse and polygon, or other irregular shapes.
例如，如图11A至图11H所示，透反元件0110设置的反射介质0111可以均采用反射率为80％的反射膜，透反元件0110的数量例如为四个，沿光线的传播方向，四个透反元件0110的反射率可以分别设置为20％、40％、60％和80％，也即可以通过调节反射率为80％的反射介质在不同透反元件上的面积比来实现低于80％反射率的其他反射率。For example, as shown in FIG. 11A to FIG. 11H , the reflective medium 0111 provided by the transflective element 0110 can all adopt a reflective film with a reflectivity of 80%. The number of transflective elements 0110 is, for example, four. The reflectivity of each transflective element 0110 can be set to 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% respectively, that is, the area ratio of the reflective medium with a reflectivity of 80% on different transflective elements can be adjusted to achieve less than Others with 80% reflectivity.
例如，可以采用调节占空比的方式来实现较低的反射率。例如，本公开实施例中的占空比可以指透反元件设置的反射介质与空白区域的面积比，或者空白区域与反射介质的面积比。例如，可以在一个透反元件0110的一半区域设置反射介质0111，而另一半区域设置空白区域0112，相对于表面填充满反射介质0111的另一个透反元件0110，上述第一个透反元件0110反射的光线数量(例如反射的光强、光通量等)降低。其他较低的反射率的实现方式与其类似，调节反射介质在不同透反元件上的面积占比就可以。For example, lower reflectivity can be achieved by adjusting the duty cycle. For example, the duty ratio in the embodiments of the present disclosure may refer to the area ratio of the reflective medium and the blank area provided by the transflective element, or the area ratio of the blank area to the reflective medium. For example, a reflective medium 0111 can be set in half of a transflective element 0110, and a blank area 0112 can be set in the other half. Compared with another transflective element 0110 whose surface is filled with reflective medium 0111, the above-mentioned first transflective element 0110 The amount of reflected light (such as reflected light intensity, luminous flux, etc.) is reduced. The implementation of other lower reflectivity is similar, just adjust the area ratio of the reflective medium on different transflective elements.
在一些实施例中，部分第一光耦出部中的每个第一光耦出部中的反射介质均匀分布。例如，如图11A至图11H所示，部分透反元件0110中的每个透反元件中的反射介质0111均匀分布，可以使得从导光装置出射的光线更加均匀。上述反射介质的均匀分布可以包括反射介质和空白区域交叉分布，可以包括反射介质在某一方向(如V方向、U方向或者与U方向和V方向均相交的方向等)等间距分布。In some embodiments, the reflective medium in each of the first light outcoupling parts in some of the first light outcoupling parts is evenly distributed. For example, as shown in FIG. 11A to FIG. 11H , the reflective medium 0111 in each transflective element in the partial transflective element 0110 is evenly distributed, which can make the light emitted from the light guide device more uniform. The uniform distribution of the above-mentioned reflective medium may include cross-distribution of reflective medium and blank area, and may include equidistant distribution of reflective medium in a certain direction (such as V direction, U direction, or a direction intersecting both U direction and V direction, etc.).
例如，反射介质0111的分布也可以不均匀分布(例如，类似二维码点阵的分布形式)或者呈随机分布，使得反射介质0111的总面积与空白区域的面积比例符合要求就可以。For example, the distribution of the reflective medium 0111 can also be unevenly distributed (for example, similar to the distribution form of a two-dimensional code lattice) or randomly distributed, so that the ratio of the total area of the reflective medium 0111 to the area of the blank area meets the requirements.
例如，在导光装置的出光面可以设置扩散元件，通过扩散作用进一步提升透反元件出射的光线的均匀性。For example, a diffusing element may be arranged on the light-emitting surface of the light-guiding device, and the uniformity of light emitted by the transflective element may be further improved through diffusion.
例如，图12A和图12B为根据本公开实施例的另一示例提供的透反元件的局部平面结构示意图。例如，图12A和图12B示意性的示出透反元件0110的形状为矩形，但是不限于此，透反元件的形状还可以为圆形、椭圆形或者六边形等其他多边形。For example, FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B are schematic diagrams of a partial planar structure of a transflective element provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B schematically show that the shape of the transflective element 0110 is a rectangle, but it is not limited thereto, and the shape of the transflective element can also be other polygons such as a circle, an ellipse, or a hexagon.
在一些实施例中，多个第一光耦出部包括至少两个第一光耦出组，至少两个第一光耦出组的至少一个第一光耦出组中包括至少两个第一光耦出部，且同一第一光耦出组中至少两个第一光耦 出部设置的反射介质为具有同一种反射率的反射介质，位于不同第一光耦出组的第一光耦出部设置的反射介质为具有不同反射率的反射介质。例如，如图10所示，图12A和图12B与图11A至图11H所示示例的不同之处在于多个透反元件0110包括至少两个透反元件组011，至少一个透反元件组011中包括至少两个透反元件0110，且同一透反元件组011中设置的反射介质0111为具有相同反射率的反射介质0111，位于不同透反元件组011的反射介质0111的反射率不同。例如，本示例中多个透反元件0110中，同一透反元件0110中设置采用同一材质形成的反射介质0111，至少两个不同的透反元件0110中可以设置不同材质形成的反射介质0111。本示例中，透反元件的形状、反射介质的形状以及分布可以与图11A至图11H所示示例中的透反元件的形状、反射介质的形状以及分布相同，在此不再赘述。In some embodiments, the plurality of first light out-coupling sections includes at least two first light out-coupling groups, and at least one of the at least two first light out-coupling groups includes at least two first light out-coupling groups. The optical coupling part, and the reflective media provided by at least two first optical coupling parts in the same first optical coupling group are reflecting media with the same reflectivity, and the first optical couplings located in different first optical coupling groups The reflective media provided at the exit are reflective media with different reflectivity. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the difference between FIGS. 12A and 12B and the examples shown in FIGS. includes at least two transflective elements 0110, and the reflective medium 0111 set in the same transflective element group 011 is the reflective medium 0111 with the same reflectivity, and the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 located in different transflective element groups 011 is different. For example, among multiple transflective elements 0110 in this example, the same transflective element 0110 is provided with reflective media 0111 made of the same material, and at least two different transflective elements 0110 may be provided with reflective media 0111 made of different materials. In this example, the shape of the transflective element, the shape and the distribution of the reflective medium may be the same as those in the examples shown in FIG. 11A to FIG. 11H , and details will not be repeated here.
例如，多个透反元件0110的数量可以为N，N个透反元件0110包括的透反元件组011的数量小于N。例如，一个透反元件组011或者一些透反元件组011中设置的透反元件0110的数量可以大于1，本公开实施例中，透反元件组的数量以及每个透反元件组中透反元件的数量可以根据产品需求进行设置。For example, the number of transreflective elements 0110 may be N, and the number of transreflective element groups 011 included in N transreflective elements 0110 is less than N. For example, the number of transreflective elements 0110 set in one transreflective element group 011 or some transreflective element groups 011 may be greater than 1. The number of components can be set according to product requirements.
例如，图12A所示的透反元件0110上的反射介质0111的反射率不同于图12B所示的透反元件0110上的反射介质0111的反射率，图12A所示的透反元件0110和图12B所示的透反元件0110分别位于两个不同的透反元件组011。For example, the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 on the transflective element 0110 shown in Figure 12A is different from the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 on the transflective element 0110 shown in Figure 12B, the transflective element 0110 shown in Figure 12A and the figure The transreflective elements 0110 shown in 12B are respectively located in two different transreflective element groups 011 .
在一些实施例中，设置具有不同反射率的反射介质的至少两个第一光耦出部中，反射介质占相应的第一光耦出部的面积比相同。例如，设置具有不同反射率的反射介质0111的至少两个透反元件0110中，反射介质0111占相应的透反元件0110的面积比相同。例如，图12A所示的透反元件0110设置的反射介质0111占该透反元件0110的面积比为A，图12B所示的透反元件0110设置的反射介质0111占该透反元件0110的面积比也为A，但是由于两个透反元件0110设置的反射介质0111的反射率不同，则即使两个透反元件0110设置的反射介质0111占相应的透反元件0110的的面积比相同，这两个透反元件0110的反射率也不同。In some embodiments, in at least two first light outcoupling portions provided with reflective media with different reflectivities, the area ratio of the reflective medium to the corresponding first light outcoupler portions is the same. For example, among at least two transflective elements 0110 provided with reflective media 0111 having different reflectivities, the area ratio of the reflective media 0111 to the corresponding transflective elements 0110 is the same. For example, the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 set in the transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 12A to the transflective element 0110 is A, and the reflective medium 0111 set in the transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 12B occupies the area of the transflective element 0110 The ratio is also A, but because the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 set by the two transflective elements 0110 is different, even if the reflective medium 0111 set by the two transflective elements 0110 occupies the same area ratio of the corresponding transflective element 0110, this The reflectivity of the two transflective elements 0110 is also different.
在一些实施例中，包括至少两个第一光耦出部的第一光耦出组中，第一光耦出部的反射率与其设置的反射介质的面积呈正相关。例如，在设置有至少两个透反元件0110的透反元件组011中，透反元件0110的反射率与其设置的反射介质0111的面积呈正相关。例如，对于一个透反元件0110，其设置的反射介质0111的面积越大，该透反元件0110的反射率越大，当反射介质0111的面积与该透反元件0110的表面面积几乎相同时，该透反元件0110的反射率达到最大，几乎可以与反射介质0111的反射率相等。在反射介质0111的面积小于该透反元件0110的表面面积时，该透反元件0110的反射率小于反射介质0111的反射率，由此，通过调节透反元件0110设置的反射介质0111的面积，可以调节透反元件0110的反射率。In some embodiments, in the first light out-coupling group including at least two first light out-coupling parts, the reflectivity of the first light out-coupling parts is positively correlated with the area of the reflective medium on which they are disposed. For example, in the transreflective element group 011 provided with at least two transreflective elements 0110 , the reflectivity of the transflective element 0110 is positively correlated with the area of the reflective medium 0111 provided therewith. For example, for a transflective element 0110, the larger the area of the reflective medium 0111 is, the greater the reflectivity of the transflective element 0110 is. When the area of the reflective medium 0111 is almost the same as the surface area of the transflective element 0110, The reflectivity of the transflective element 0110 reaches the maximum and can be almost equal to the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 . When the area of the reflective medium 0111 is smaller than the surface area of the transflective element 0110, the reflectivity of the transflective element 0110 is smaller than the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111, thus, by adjusting the area of the reflective medium 0111 set by the transflective element 0110, The reflectivity of the transflective element 0110 can be adjusted.
例如，图12A所示的透反元件0110设置的反射介质0111可以为反射率为80％的反射膜，图12B所示的透反元件0110设置的反射介质0111可以为反射率为60％的反射膜，多个透反元件0110的数量为四个为例，沿光线的传播方向，四个透反元件0110的反射率分别设置为20％、40％、60％和80％。例如，反射率为60％的透反元件0110上可以设置反射率为60％的反射介质0111，该反射介质0111占满透反元件0110的表面；反射率为80％的透反元件0110上可以设置反射率为80％的反射介质0111，该反射介质0111占满透反元件0110的表面；通过调节反射率为80％的反射介质0111在另外两个透反元件0110的表面的面积比可以分别实现反射率分别为20％和40％的透反元件0110，或者调节反射率为60％的反射介质0111在另外两个透反元件0110的表面的面积比可以分别实现反射率分别为20％和40％的透反元件0110，或者调节反射率为60％的反射介质0111在一个透反元件0110的表面的面积比可以分别实现反射率分别为20％和40％之一的透反元件0110，调节反射率为80％的反射介质0111在一个透反元件0110的表面的面积比可以分别实现反射率分别为20％和40％的另一个的透反元件0110。由此，本示例可以通过两种不同反射率的反射介质实现具有较低反射率的透反元件，通过采用至少两个不同反射率的反射介质实现具有不同反射率的透反元件，可以获得从透反元件出射光线更均匀的效果。For example, the reflective medium 0111 set by the transflective element 0110 shown in Figure 12A can be a reflective film with a reflectivity of 80%, and the reflective medium 0111 set by the transflective element 0110 shown in Figure 12B can be a reflective film with a reflective rate of 60%. For the film, the number of transflective elements 0110 is four as an example, and the reflectances of the four transflective elements 0110 are respectively set to 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% along the propagation direction of light. For example, a reflective medium 0111 with a reflectivity of 60% can be set on the transreflective element 0110 with a reflectivity of 60%, and the reflective medium 0111 occupies the surface of the transreflective element 0110; The reflective medium 0111 with a reflectivity of 80% is set, and the reflective medium 0111 occupies the surface of the transflective element 0110; the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 with a reflectivity of 80% on the surfaces of the other two transflective elements 0110 can be respectively Realize the transflective element 0110 with a reflectivity of 20% and 40%, or adjust the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 with a reflectivity of 60% on the surface of the other two transflective elements 0110 to achieve a reflectivity of 20% and 40%, respectively. A transreflective element 0110 of 40%, or adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 with a reflectivity of 60% on the surface of a transreflective element 0110 can respectively realize a transflective element 0110 with a reflectivity of 20% or 40%, Adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 with a reflectivity of 80% on the surface of one transflective element 0110 can realize another transflective element 0110 with a reflectivity of 20% and 40%, respectively. Thus, in this example, a transreflective element with a lower reflectivity can be realized by using two reflective media with different reflectivities, and a transreflective element with different reflectivities can be realized by using at least two reflective media with different reflectivities. The transflective element emits light more uniformly.
本公开至少一示例中，透反元件包括上述空白区域0112，通过调节反射介质0111与空白区域0112 的面积比，可以调节相应的透反元件的反射率。In at least one example of the present disclosure, the transreflective element includes the aforementioned blank area 0112 , and the reflectivity of the corresponding transflective element can be adjusted by adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112 .
例如，图13A和图13B为根据本公开实施例的另一示例提供的透反元件的局部平面结构示意图。例如，图13A和图13B示意性的示出透反元件0110的形状为矩形，但是不限于此，透反元件的形状还可以为圆形、椭圆形或者六边形等其他多边形。For example, FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B are schematic diagrams of a partial planar structure of a transflective element provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B schematically show that the shape of the transflective element 0110 is a rectangle, but it is not limited thereto, and the shape of the transflective element can also be other polygons such as circle, ellipse, or hexagon.
图13A和图13B与图11A至图11H所示示例的不同之处在于：所有透反元件0110设置有反射介质0111，至少一个透反元件0110设置的反射介质0111包括至少两种不同反射率，且多个透反元件0110设置的反射介质0111的反射率种类数量小于多个透反元件0110的数量。本示例提供的透反元件中，通过在至少一个透反元件设置包括至少两种不同反射率的反射介质，且反射介质的反射率种类数量小于多个透反元件的数量，例如所有透反元件设置的反射介质的反射率种类数量之和小于所有透反元件的数量，在使得透反元件出射光线较均匀的同时，有利于降低透反元件的制作成本。The difference between Fig. 13A and Fig. 13B and the examples shown in Fig. 11A to Fig. 11H is that: all transflective elements 0110 are provided with reflective medium 0111, and the reflective medium 0111 provided for at least one transflective element 0110 includes at least two different reflectivities, Moreover, the number of reflective medium 0111 provided by the plurality of transflective elements 0110 is smaller than the number of the plurality of transflective elements 0110 . In the transreflective element provided in this example, at least one transreflective element is provided with a reflective medium including at least two different reflectivities, and the number of reflective types of the reflective medium is less than the number of multiple transflective elements, for example, all transflective elements The sum of the number of types of reflectivity of the reflective medium is less than the number of all transflective elements, which helps to reduce the production cost of the transflective element while making the light emitted by the transflective element more uniform.
例如，如图13A和图13B所示，至少一个透反元件0110设置的反射介质0111包括反射率不同的至少两种反射介质。例如，至少一个透反元件0110上可以设置反射率不同的三种反射介质0111或者四种反射介质0111。例如，一些透反元件0110设置反射率不同的至少两种反射介质，不同透反元件0110设置的反射介质的几种反射率可以相同，也可以不同。For example, as shown in FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B , the reflective medium 0111 provided in at least one transflective element 0110 includes at least two reflective mediums with different reflectivities. For example, three kinds of reflective media 0111 or four kinds of reflective media 0111 with different reflectivity may be arranged on at least one transflective element 0110 . For example, some transflective elements 0110 are provided with at least two kinds of reflective media with different reflectivity, and the several reflectivities of the reflective media provided by different transflective elements 0110 may be the same or different.
在一些实施例中，至少两个第一光耦出部中，每个第一光耦出部设置的反射介质包括反射率不同的至少两种反射介质，不同第一光耦出部中，具有第一反射率的一种反射介质占相应的第一光耦出部的面积比不同，以使不同第一光耦出部的反射率不同。例如，如图13A和图13B所示，至少两个透反元件0110中，每个透反元件0110设置的反射介质0111包括反射率不同的至少两种反射介质(如第一反射介质0111-1和第二反射介质0111-2)，不同透反元件0110中，具有相同反射率的一种反射介质0111(如第一反射介质0111-1或第二反射介质0111-2)占相应的透反元件0110的面积比不同以使不同透反元件0110的反射率不同。In some embodiments, in the at least two first light outcoupling parts, the reflection medium provided for each first light outcoupling part includes at least two kinds of reflection media with different reflectivity, and in different first light outcoupling parts, there are The area ratio of one type of reflective medium of the first reflectivity to the corresponding first light outcoupling parts is different, so that the reflectances of different first light outcoupling parts are different. For example, as shown in FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B, in at least two transflective elements 0110, the reflective medium 0111 provided for each transflective element 0110 includes at least two reflective media with different reflectivity (such as the first reflective medium 0111-1 and second reflective medium 0111-2), in different transflective elements 0110, a reflective medium 0111 with the same reflectivity (such as the first reflective medium 0111-1 or the second reflective medium 0111-2) occupies the corresponding transflective The area ratio of the elements 0110 is different so that the reflectivity of different transflective elements 0110 is different.
例如，图13A所示的透反元件0110设置的第一反射介质0111-1占该透反元件0110的面积比与图13B所示的透反元件0110设置的第一反射介质0111-1占该透反元件0110的面积比不同，并且，图13A所示的透反元件0110设置的第二反射介质0111-2占该透反元件0110的面积比与图13B所示的透反元件0110设置的第二反射介质0111-2占该透反元件0110的面积比也不同，由此，可以通过调节透反元件设置的不同反射率的反射介质的面积比来调节相应的透反元件的反射率。当然，本公开实施例不限于不同反射率的反射介质仅包括两种不同反射率，还可以包括具有其他反射率的第三反射介质等，可根据产品需求进行设置。For example, the area ratio of the first reflective medium 0111-1 set in the transreflective element 0110 shown in FIG. The area ratio of the transreflective element 0110 is different, and the area ratio of the second reflective medium 0111-2 in the transreflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 13A is the same as that of the transreflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 13B The area ratio of the second reflective medium 0111-2 to the transreflective element 0110 is also different. Therefore, the reflectivity of the corresponding transreflective element can be adjusted by adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium with different reflectivity provided by the transreflective element. Of course, the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to reflective media with different reflectances including only two different reflective rates, and may also include a third reflective medium with other reflective rates, which can be set according to product requirements.
在一些实施例中，至少两个第一光耦出部中，每个第一光耦出部设置的反射介质包括反射率不同的至少两种反射介质，不同第一光耦出部的反射率不同。例如，如图13A和图13B所示，至少两个透反元件0110中，每个透反元件0110设置的反射介质0111包括反射率不同的至少两种反射介质(如第一反射介质0111-1和第二反射介质0111-2)，不同透反元件0110的反射率不同。In some embodiments, among the at least two first light outcoupling parts, the reflective medium provided for each first light outcoupling part includes at least two kinds of reflective media with different reflectivity, and the reflectivity of different first light outcoupler parts different. For example, as shown in FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B, in at least two transflective elements 0110, the reflective medium 0111 provided for each transflective element 0110 includes at least two reflective media with different reflectivity (such as the first reflective medium 0111-1 and the second reflective medium 0111-2), the reflectivity of different transflective elements 0110 is different.
在一些实施例中，不同第一光耦出部中，反射介质占相应的第一光耦出部的表面的面积比相同。例如，不同透反元件0110中，反射介质0111占相应的透反元件0110的表面的面积比相同。In some embodiments, in different first light outcoupling parts, the area ratio of the reflective medium to the surface of the corresponding first light outcoupling part is the same. For example, in different transflective elements 0110 , the reflective medium 0111 accounts for the same area ratio of the surface of the corresponding transflective element 0110 .
例如，图13A所示的透反元件0110中的反射介质0111(包括第一反射介质0111-1和第二反射介质0111-2)占该透反元件0110的面积比为B，图13B所示的透反元件0110中的反射介质0111(包括第一反射介质0111-1和第二反射介质0111-2)占该透反元件0110的面积比也为B，两个透反元件0110中，反射介质0111占据的面积比相同，可以通过调节每个透反元件上的不同反射率的反射介质占该透反元件上的面积来调节该透反元件的反射率。例如，图13A所示的透反元件0110中，第一反射介质0111-1占该透反元件0110的面积比可以为B1，第二反射介质0111-2占该透反元件0110的面积比可以为B2，B1+B2＝B；图13B所示的透反元件0110中，第一反射介质0111-1占该透反元件0110的面积比可以为B3，第二反射介质0111-2占该透反元件0110的面积比可以为B4，B3+B4＝B，则通过调节B1、B2、B3以及B4的值，可以调整两个透反元件的反射率。For example, the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 (including the first reflective medium 0111-1 and the second reflective medium 0111-2) in the transreflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 13A to the transflective element 0110 is B, as shown in FIG. 13B The area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 (including the first reflective medium 0111-1 and the second reflective medium 0111-2) in the transreflective element 0110 to the transreflective element 0110 is also B, and in the two transflective elements 0110, the reflective The area ratio occupied by the medium 0111 is the same, and the reflectivity of the transflective element can be adjusted by adjusting the area occupied by the reflective medium with different reflectivity on each transflective element. For example, in the transreflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 13A, the area ratio of the first reflective medium 0111-1 to the transreflective element 0110 can be B1, and the area ratio of the second reflective medium 0111-2 to the transreflective element 0110 can be is B2, B1+B2=B; in the transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 13B, the area ratio of the first reflective medium 0111-1 to the transflective element 0110 can be B3, and the second reflective medium 0111-2 occupies the transflective element 0110. The area ratio of the reflective element 0110 can be B4, B3+B4=B, then by adjusting the values of B1, B2, B3 and B4, the reflectivity of the two transflective elements can be adjusted.
例如，如图13A和图13B所示，第一反射介质0111-1和第二反射介质0111-2可以分别为反射率为80％和60％的反射膜，同时通过调节这两种反射膜的面积比例，可以将不同的透反元件的反射率在 20％～80％之间调节。For example, as shown in Figure 13A and Figure 13B, the first reflective medium 0111-1 and the second reflective medium 0111-2 can be reflective films with a reflectivity of 80% and 60% respectively, and by adjusting the According to the area ratio, the reflectivity of different transflective elements can be adjusted between 20% and 80%.
本公开至少一示例中，透反元件包括上述空白区域0112，通过调节反射介质0111与空白区域0112的面积比，可以调节相应的透反元件的反射率。In at least one example of the present disclosure, the transreflective element includes the aforementioned blank area 0112 , and the reflectivity of the corresponding transflective element can be adjusted by adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112 .
例如，图14A和图14B为根据本公开实施例的另一示例提供的透反元件的局部平面结构示意图。例如，图14A和图14B示意性的示出透反元件0110的形状为矩形，但是不限于此，透反元件的形状还可以为圆形、椭圆形或者六边形等其他多边形。For example, FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B are schematic diagrams of a partial planar structure of a transflective element provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B schematically show that the shape of the transflective element 0110 is a rectangle, but it is not limited thereto, and the shape of the transflective element can also be other polygons such as a circle, an ellipse, or a hexagon.
在一些实施例中，不同第一光耦出部中，反射介质占相应的第一光耦出部的表面的面积比不同。In some embodiments, in different first light outcoupling parts, the area ratio of the reflective medium to the surface of the corresponding first light outcoupling part is different.
例如，如图14A和图14B所示与图13A至图13B所示示例的不同之处在于：至少两个透反元件0110中，每个透反元件0110设置的反射介质0111包括反射率不同的至少两种反射介质(如第一反射介质0111-1和第二反射介质0111-2)，不同透反元件0110的反射率不同，且不同透反元件0110中，反射介质0111占相应的透反元件0110的表面的面积比不同。For example, the difference between the example shown in FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B and the example shown in FIG. 13A to FIG. 13B is that: in at least two transflective elements 0110, the reflective medium 0111 provided for each transflective element 0110 includes different reflectivity At least two reflective media (such as the first reflective medium 0111-1 and the second reflective medium 0111-2), the reflectivity of different transflective elements 0110 are different, and in different transflective elements 0110, the reflective medium 0111 accounts for the corresponding transflective The area ratio of the surface of the element 0110 is different.
例如，图14A所示的透反元件0110中的反射介质0111(包括第一反射介质0111-1和第二反射介质0111-2)占该透反元件0110的面积比为C，图13B所示的透反元件0110中的反射介质0111(包括第一反射介质0111-1和第二反射介质0111-2)占该透反元件0110的面积比为D，两个透反元件0110中，反射介质0111占据的面积比不同，可以通过调节每个透反元件上的不同反射率的反射介质占该透反元件上的面积来调节该透反元件的反射率。For example, the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 (including the first reflective medium 0111-1 and the second reflective medium 0111-2) in the transreflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 14A to the transflective element 0110 is C, as shown in FIG. 13B The reflective medium 0111 (including the first reflective medium 0111-1 and the second reflective medium 0111-2) in the transflective element 0110 occupies an area ratio of D of the transflective element 0110. Among the two transflective elements 0110, the reflective medium The area ratio occupied by 0111 is different, and the reflectivity of the transreflective element can be adjusted by adjusting the area occupied by the reflective medium with different reflectivity on each transflective element.
例如，图14A所示的透反元件0110中，第一反射介质0111-1占该透反元件0110的面积比可以为1/4，第二反射介质0111-2占该透反元件0110的面积比可以为1/4，反射介质0111(包括第一反射介质0111-1和第二反射介质0111-2)占该透反元件0110的面积比为1/2；图14B所示的透反元件0110中，第一反射介质0111-1占该透反元件0110的面积比可以为1/5，第二反射介质0111-2占该透反元件0110的面积比可以为2/5，反射介质0111(包括第一反射介质0111-1和第二反射介质0111-2)占该透反元件0110的面积比为3/5，则通过调节每个反射介质的面积比，可以调整两个透反元件的反射率。For example, in the transreflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 14A, the area ratio of the first reflective medium 0111-1 to the transreflective element 0110 may be 1/4, and the second reflective medium 0111-2 occupies the area of the transreflective element 0110. The ratio can be 1/4, and the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 (including the first reflective medium 0111-1 and the second reflective medium 0111-2) occupying the transflective element 0110 is 1/2; the transflective element shown in FIG. 14B In 0110, the area ratio of the first reflective medium 0111-1 to the transflective element 0110 may be 1/5, the area ratio of the second reflective medium 0111-2 to the transflective element 0110 may be 2/5, and the reflective medium 0111 (including the first reflective medium 0111-1 and the second reflective medium 0111-2) account for 3/5 of the area ratio of the transflective element 0110, then by adjusting the area ratio of each reflective medium, the two transflective elements can be adjusted reflectivity.
例如，本公开实施例的另一示例提供一种导光装置，该导光装置包括图10所示的多个透反元件0110，多个透反元件0110的至少部分被配置为将传播至透反元件0110的光线的一部分通过反射和透射之一射出导光装置，且通过反射和透射的另一者使得传播至透反元件0110的光线的另一部分继续在导光装置中传播。至少部分透反元件0110设置有透反介质(可以为图11A至图14B所示的反射介质0111)，该透反介质具有反射入射在其上的光线的一部分，透射入射在其上的光线的另一部分的特性，上述任一示例中的反射介质也具有反射入射在其上的光线的一部分，透射入射在其上的光线的另一部分的特性，因此也可以将上述任一示例中的反射介质称为透反介质，本示例中的透反介质可以与上述任一示例中的反射介质具有相同的特性。For example, another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a light guide device, the light guide device includes a plurality of transflective elements 0110 shown in FIG. A part of the light from the reflective element 0110 exits the light guide device through one of reflection and transmission, and the other part of the light transmitted to the transflective element 0110 continues to propagate in the light guide device through the other of reflection and transmission. At least part of the transflective element 0110 is provided with a transflective medium (which may be the reflective medium 0111 shown in FIGS. 11A to 14B ). The characteristics of another part, the reflective medium in any of the above examples also has the characteristics of reflecting a part of the light incident on it and transmitting another part of the light incident on it, so the reflective medium in any of the above examples can also be Known as a transflective medium, the transflective medium in this example can have the same properties as the reflective medium in any of the examples above.
例如，至少部分透反元件0110设置有具有第一透射率的透反介质，至少部分透反元件0110的至少两个透反元件0110中，具有第一透射率的透反介质占相应的透反元件0110的面积比不同以使至少两个透反元件0110的透射率不同。例如，上述第一透射率可以指至少一个特定透射率，如20％、30％、40％及其他数值中的至少一者。例如，至少两个透反元件0110中，透反介质0111具有第一透射率，第一透射率为一个特定反射率，例如第一透射率为40％，上述至少两个透反元件0110均具有相同的透射率；或者，至少两个透反元件0110中，透反介质具有第一透射率，第一透射率包括多个特定透射率，例如第一透射率包括40％和20％，可以认为至少两个透反元件0110上均设置有透射率为40％的反射介质和反射率为20％的反射介质。例如，至少部分透反元件0110设置有具有同一种透射率的透反介质，至少部分透反元件0110的至少两个透反元件0110中，具有同一种透射率的透反介质占相应的透反元件0110的面积比不同以使至少两个透反元件0110的反射率不同。上述“同一种透射率”可以指相同的透射率，包括完全相同的透射率和近似相同的透射率，近似相同的透射率指任意两者的透射率之差与其中之一的比值不大于10％(例如，可以不大于8％、5％或1％)。For example, at least some of the transflective elements 0110 are provided with a transflective medium with a first transmittance, and in at least two transflective elements 0110 of at least some of the transflective elements 0110, the transflective medium with the first transmittance accounts for the corresponding transflective The area ratios of the elements 0110 are different so that at least two transflective elements 0110 have different transmittances. For example, the above-mentioned first transmittance may refer to at least one specific transmittance, such as at least one of 20%, 30%, 40% and other numerical values. For example, in the at least two transflective elements 0110, the transflective medium 0111 has a first transmittance, the first transmittance is a specific reflectivity, for example, the first transmittance is 40%, and the at least two transflective elements 0110 have The same transmittance; or, in at least two transflective elements 0110, the transflective medium has a first transmittance, and the first transmittance includes a plurality of specific transmittances, for example, the first transmittance includes 40% and 20%, which can be considered At least two transflective elements 0110 are provided with a reflective medium with a transmittance of 40% and a reflective medium with a reflective rate of 20%. For example, at least some of the transflective elements 0110 are provided with transflective media with the same transmittance, and among at least two transflective elements 0110 of at least some of the transflective elements 0110, the transflective media with the same transmittance account for the corresponding transflective The area ratio of the elements 0110 is different such that the reflectance of at least two transflective elements 0110 is different. The above-mentioned "same transmittance" may refer to the same transmittance, including exactly the same transmittance and approximately the same transmittance, and approximately the same transmittance means that the ratio of the difference between any two transmittances to one of them is not greater than 10 % (eg, may be no greater than 8%, 5%, or 1%).
例如，至少部分透反元件0110设置有透反介质(可以为图11A至图14B所示的反射介质0111)，该透反介质具有反射入射在其上的光线的一部分，透射入射在其上的光线的另一部分的特性，上述任 一示例中的反射介质也具有反射入射在其上的光线的一部分，透射入射在其上的光线的另一部分的特性，因此也可以将上述任一示例中的反射介质称为透反介质，本示例中的透反介质可以与上述任一示例中的反射介质具有相同的特性。至少一个透反元件0110设置的透反介质包括至少两种不同透射率，且多个透反元件0110设置的透反介质的透射率种类数量小于多个透反元件0110的数量。For example, at least part of the transflective element 0110 is provided with a transflective medium (which may be the reflective medium 0111 shown in FIGS. The characteristics of another part of the light, the reflective medium in any of the above examples also has the characteristics of reflecting a part of the light incident on it and transmitting another part of the light incident on it, so it is also possible to use any of the above examples A reflective medium is called a transflective medium, and the transflective medium in this example may have the same characteristics as the reflective medium in any of the above examples. The transflective medium provided by at least one transflective element 0110 includes at least two different transmittances, and the number of types of transmittance of the transflective medium provided by the plurality of transflective elements 0110 is smaller than the number of the plurality of transflective elements 0110 .
例如，至少部分透反元件0110设置有具有两种或两种以上透射率的透反介质，至少部分透反元件0110的至少两个透反元件0110中，具有同一种透射率的透反介质占相应的透反元件0110的面积比不同以使至少两个透反元件0110的反射率不同。例如，透反介质包括透射率为40％和透射率为20％的两种介质，至少两个透反元件0110中，透射率为40％的透反介质占相应的透反元件0110的面积比不同，和/或透射率为20％的透反介质占相应的透反元件0110的面积比不同，以使至少两个透反元件0110的透射率不同。上述“同一种透射率”可以指相同的透射率，包括完全相同的透射率和近似相同的透射率，近似相同的透射率指任意两者的透射率之差与其中之一的比值不大于10％(例如，可以不大于8％、5％或1％)。For example, at least some of the transflective elements 0110 are provided with transflective media with two or more transmittances, and among at least two transflective elements 0110 of at least part of the transflective elements 0110, the transflective media with the same transmittance account for The area ratios of the corresponding transflective elements 0110 are different so that at least two transflective elements 0110 have different reflectances. For example, the transflective medium includes two media with a transmittance of 40% and a transmittance of 20%. Among at least two transflective elements 0110, the transflective medium with a transmittance of 40% accounts for the area ratio of the corresponding transflective element 0110 different, and/or the area ratio of the transflective medium with a transmittance of 20% to the corresponding transflective elements 0110 is different, so that at least two transflective elements 0110 have different transmittances. The above-mentioned "same transmittance" may refer to the same transmittance, including exactly the same transmittance and approximately the same transmittance, and approximately the same transmittance means that the ratio of the difference between any two transmittances to one of them is not greater than 10 % (eg, may be no greater than 8%, 5%, or 1%).
本公开至少一实施例通过在至少两个透反元件设置具有第一透射率(例如，相同的透射率)的透反介质，且通过调节该至少两个透反元件上透射率相同的透反介质的面积来调节相应透反元件的反射率，减少透反介质的种类，降低了透反元件的制作成本。In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, a transflective medium with a first transmittance (for example, the same transmittance) is provided on at least two transflective elements, and by adjusting the transflective media with the same transmittance on the at least two transflective elements The area of the medium is used to adjust the reflectivity of the corresponding transflective element, reducing the types of transflective medium and reducing the production cost of the transflective element.
本示例中透反介质的透射率的特征可以视为上述任一示例中的反射介质的反射率特征的简单替换，如本示例中透反介质的透射率的变化趋势可与上述任一示例中的反射介质的反射率相反，即可以理解为反射率为80％的反射介质相当于(或者视为)透射率为20％的透反介质(此处仅考虑介质的反射和透射性能，没有涉及吸收特性，如考虑吸收特性，介质的反射率和透射率也大致呈相反的变化趋势，例如透反元件的吸光率为5％，透反元件的反射率和透射率之和可以是95％，其仍呈相反的变化趋势)。The characteristics of the transmittance of the transflective medium in this example can be regarded as a simple replacement of the reflectance characteristics of the reflective medium in any of the above examples, such as the variation trend of the transmittance of the transflective medium in this example can be compared with that in any of the above examples The reflectivity of the reflective medium is opposite, that is, it can be understood that a reflective medium with a reflective rate of 80% is equivalent to (or regarded as) a transflective medium with a transmittance of 20% (here only the reflection and transmission properties of the medium are considered, not involved Absorption characteristics, such as considering the absorption characteristics, the reflectivity and transmittance of the medium also roughly show the opposite trend. For example, the absorbance of the transflective element is 5%, and the sum of the reflectivity and transmittance of the transflective element can be 95%. It is still in the opposite trend).
图15为根据本公开实施例的另一示例提供的导光装置的局部截面结构示意图。如图15所示，图15所示导光装置与图5所示导光装置的区别在于：光转化部200位于第一导光元件110的出光侧，此时光转化部200可以取代图5所示的第三反射结构113，该光转化部200在进行偏振分光的同时可以将介质111和第一反射结构112射向其的光线反射向第二导光元件120，有利于减小导光装置的体积。Fig. 15 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 15, the difference between the light guide device shown in FIG. 15 and the light guide device shown in FIG. The third reflective structure 113 is shown, the light conversion part 200 can reflect the light emitted by the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 to the second light guide element 120 while performing polarization splitting, which is beneficial to reduce the size of the light guide device. volume of.
例如，如图15所示，介质111可以为空气，也可以为透明基板，本示例对此不作限制。例如，在介质111为空气时，将光转化部200设置在第一导光元件110的空腔以外，可以减小彼此相对的两个子反射膜1120之间的距离，即减小空腔的厚度，有利于导光装置的轻薄化。For example, as shown in FIG. 15 , the medium 111 may be air or a transparent substrate, which is not limited in this example. For example, when the medium 111 is air, disposing the light conversion part 200 outside the cavity of the first light guide element 110 can reduce the distance between the two sub-reflective films 1120 facing each other, that is, reduce the thickness of the cavity. , which is beneficial to the lightness and thinning of the light guide device.
图15所示的光转化部200可以与图5所示光转化部200具有相同的特征，在此不再赘述。The light conversion unit 200 shown in FIG. 15 may have the same features as the light conversion unit 200 shown in FIG. 5 , which will not be repeated here.
本公开实施例中的第二导光元件可以与图4至图6所示第二导光元件具有相同的特征，在此不再赘述。The second light guide element in the embodiment of the present disclosure may have the same features as the second light guide element shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 6 , which will not be repeated here.
例如，图16为根据本公开实施例提供的显示装置的局部截面结构示意图。图16示意性的示出显示装置包括图20所示的导光装置，但不限于此，该显示装置可以包括上述任一示例提供的导光装置，例如，如图16所示，显示装置包括光源部500，光源部500发出的光线被配置为进入导光装置。For example, FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a display device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 16 schematically shows that the display device includes the light guide device shown in Figure 20, but is not limited thereto, the display device may include the light guide device provided in any of the above examples, for example, as shown in Figure 16, the display device includes The light source part 500, the light emitted by the light source part 500 is configured to enter the light guiding device.
例如，光源部500可以包括光源510和反射导光结构520，反射导光结构520被配置为将光源510发出的光线调节至预定发散角。例如，预定发散角可以包括40°以内的发散角。例如，预定发散角可以包括20°以内的发散角。例如，反射导光结构520可以为灯杯，该灯杯可以是实心灯杯或空心灯杯，将光源发出的具有一定发散角度的光线转化为准直或接近准直的光线。例如，准直光线为平行或近乎平行(例如发散角不大于10°)的光线，其一致性较好，可以提高光线利用率。For example, the light source part 500 may include a light source 510 and a reflective light guide structure 520 configured to adjust the light emitted by the light source 510 to a predetermined divergence angle. For example, the predetermined divergence angle may include a divergence angle within 40°. For example, the predetermined divergence angle may include divergence angles within 20°. For example, the reflective light guide structure 520 can be a lamp cup, which can be a solid lamp cup or a hollow lamp cup, and converts the light with a certain divergence angle emitted by the light source into collimated or nearly collimated light. For example, the collimated light is parallel or nearly parallel (for example, the divergence angle is not greater than 10°), which has better consistency and can improve light utilization.
例如，光源发出的光线的发散角一般较大，例如发散角为45°，反射导光结构520可以将光线的发散角控制为较小的发散角，例如40°、20°或10°。例如，光线具有20°以内的发散角，具有一定发散角度的光线，随着传播中的多次反射，其均匀性也会随之增加，可以改善光线明暗均匀度。For example, the divergence angle of the light emitted by the light source is generally relatively large, such as 45°, and the reflective light guide structure 520 can control the divergence angle of the light to a smaller divergence angle, such as 40°, 20° or 10°. For example, the light has a divergence angle within 20°, and the light with a certain divergence angle will increase its uniformity with multiple reflections during propagation, which can improve the uniformity of light and shade.
例如，本公开实施例提供的光源装置可以用于显示装置的背光源。For example, the light source device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can be used as a backlight source of a display device.
例如，光源510可为单色光源或混色光源，例如红色单色光源、绿色单色光源、蓝色单色光源或白色混色光源，或者也可以是多个不同颜色的单色光源组合形成混色光源，上述单色光源最终可形成单色图像，上述混色光源则可形成彩色图像。例如，光源510可以是激光光源或发光二极管(LED)光 源。例如，光源部500可以包括一个光源510或多个光源510。For example, the light source 510 can be a monochromatic light source or a color mixing light source, such as a red monochromatic light source, a green monochromatic light source, a blue monochromatic light source or a white color mixing light source, or it can also be a combination of multiple monochromatic light sources of different colors to form a color mixing light source. , the monochromatic light source can finally form a monochrome image, and the color-mixing light source can form a color image. For example, light source 510 may be a laser light source or a light emitting diode (LED) light source. For example, the light source part 500 may include one light source 510 or a plurality of light sources 510 .
例如，如图16所示，显示装置还包括显示面板600。For example, as shown in FIG. 16 , the display device further includes a display panel 600 .
例如，如图16所示，显示面板600包括显示面601和与显示面601相对的背侧602，光源装置位于显示面板600的背侧602。例如，光源装置出射的光透过显示面板600后射向观察区。例如，显示面板600面向光源装置的一侧为非显示侧，显示面板600远离光源装置的一侧为显示侧，观察区位于显示面板600的显示侧，该显示侧是用户可以观看到显示图像的一侧。例如，观察区和光源装置位于显示面板600的两侧。For example, as shown in FIG. 16 , a display panel 600 includes a display surface 601 and a backside 602 opposite to the display surface 601 , and the light source device is located on the backside 602 of the display panel 600 . For example, the light emitted by the light source device passes through the display panel 600 and then goes to the viewing area. For example, the side of the display panel 600 facing the light source device is the non-display side, the side of the display panel 600 away from the light source device is the display side, and the observation area is located on the display side of the display panel 600, and the display side is where the user can watch the displayed image. side. For example, the viewing area and the light source device are located on two sides of the display panel 600 .
例如，显示面板可以为液晶显示面板。液晶显示面板可以包括阵列基板、对置基板、位于阵列基板和对置基板之间的液晶层以及封装液晶层的封框胶。例如，液晶显示面板还包括设置在阵列基板远离对置基板的一侧的第一偏振层和设置在对置基板远离阵列基板的一侧的第二偏振层。例如，光源装置被配置为向液晶显示面板提供背光，背光通过液晶显示面板后转变为图像光。For example, the display panel may be a liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel may include an array substrate, an opposite substrate, a liquid crystal layer located between the array substrate and the opposite substrate, and a sealant for encapsulating the liquid crystal layer. For example, the liquid crystal display panel further includes a first polarizing layer disposed on a side of the array substrate away from the opposite substrate and a second polarizing layer disposed on a side of the opposite substrate away from the array substrate. For example, the light source device is configured to provide backlight to the liquid crystal display panel, and the backlight is converted into image light after passing through the liquid crystal display panel.
例如，第一偏振层的偏光轴方向和第二偏振层的偏光轴方向互相垂直，但不限于此。例如，第一偏振层可通过一种线偏振光，第二偏振层可通过另一种线偏振光，上述两种线偏振光的偏振方向垂直。For example, the direction of the polarization axis of the first polarizing layer and the direction of the polarization axis of the second polarizing layer are perpendicular to each other, but not limited thereto. For example, the first polarizing layer can pass one kind of linearly polarized light, and the second polarizing layer can pass another kind of linearly polarized light, and the polarization directions of the two kinds of linearly polarized light are perpendicular to each other.
例如，只有特定偏振态的光线才可经过液晶层与光源装置之间的第一偏振层而入射到液晶显示面板内部，并被利用成像。例如，本公开实施例提供的光源装置发出的光线为线偏振光，该线偏振光的偏振方向与第一偏振层的偏光轴平行，由此，光源装置射向显示面板的光线具有较高的利用率。For example, only light with a specific polarization state can pass through the first polarizing layer between the liquid crystal layer and the light source device to enter the liquid crystal display panel and be used for imaging. For example, the light emitted by the light source device provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure is linearly polarized light, and the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is parallel to the polarization axis of the first polarizing layer. Therefore, the light emitted from the light source device to the display panel has a higher utilization rate.
例如，如图16所示，第二导光元件120中，位于入光侧的最边缘的一个透反元件0110的反射率大于透射率。例如，该透反元件的反射率可以为100％或接近100％，从而将大部分甚至全部光线反射向与其相邻的透反元件，以使远离该透反元件的其他透反元件将光线耦出，既可以避免显示面板的边缘过亮，还可以避免该透反元件因具有一定透射率，使得透射的光线具有一定发散角，发散的光线从该透反元件的边缘漏出，与正常耦出的光线交叠，造成亮条。For example, as shown in FIG. 16 , in the second light guide element 120 , the reflectance of a transflective element 0110 located at the outermost edge of the light incident side is greater than the transmittance. For example, the reflectivity of the transflective element can be 100% or close to 100%, so that most or even all of the light is reflected to the adjacent transflective element, so that other transflective elements far away from the transflective element can couple the light to It can not only prevent the edge of the display panel from being too bright, but also prevent the transmitted light from having a certain divergence angle due to the certain transmittance of the transflective element, and the divergent light leaks from the edge of the transflective element, which is different from the normal coupling The rays of light overlap, causing bright bars.
例如，如图16所示，沿垂直于显示面板600的显示面的方向，上述最边缘的一个透反元件0110的至少部分与显示面板600没有交叠；或者，与上述最边缘的一个透反元件0110交叠的显示面板600的区域不用于成像。For example, as shown in FIG. 16 , along a direction perpendicular to the display surface of the display panel 600, at least part of the transflective element 0110 on the outermost edge does not overlap the display panel 600; The area of the display panel 600 where element 0110 overlaps is not used for imaging.
例如，如图16所示，显示装置还包括至少一个光扩散元件710，位于显示面板600的显示面所在侧和背侧的至少之一，且被配置为将显示面板600和光源装置至少之一出射的光线进行扩散。例如，光扩散元件710可以与上述扩散结构020为不同的元件，也可以是相同的元件，例如，光扩散元件710可以复用为上述扩散结构020。For example, as shown in FIG. 16 , the display device further includes at least one light diffusing element 710, which is located on at least one of the display surface side and the back side of the display panel 600, and is configured to connect at least one of the display panel 600 and the light source device The outgoing light is diffused. For example, the light diffusing element 710 may be a different element from the aforementioned diffusing structure 020 , or may be the same element, for example, the light diffusing element 710 may be reused as the aforementioned diffusing structure 020 .
例如，图16示意性的示出光扩散元件710位于显示面板600的背侧，即位于显示面板600与光源装置之间，且被配置为将光源装置的出射的光线进行扩散，即光扩散元件710被配置为将经过光扩散元件710的光束进行扩散。For example, FIG. 16 schematically shows that the light diffusion element 710 is located on the back side of the display panel 600, that is, between the display panel 600 and the light source device, and is configured to diffuse the light emitted by the light source device, that is, the light diffusion element 710 configured to diffuse the light beam passing through the light diffusing element 710 .
例如，光扩散元件710还可以设置在显示面板600的出光侧，配置为将显示面板600出射的图像光线进行扩散，光扩散元件710例如紧贴显示面板600设置，以提升成像效果。For example, the light diffusing element 710 can also be arranged on the light emitting side of the display panel 600, configured to diffuse the image light emitted by the display panel 600, for example, the light diffusing element 710 is arranged close to the display panel 600 to improve the imaging effect.
例如，图16示意性的示出光扩散元件的数量为1个，但是不限于此，还可以为多个，且彼此间隔设置，以进一步提高光束的分散效果。本公开实施例示意性的示出光扩散元件位于显示面板的背侧，但不限于此，还可以位于显示面板的显示面一侧。例如，光扩散元件可以贴合在显示面板的显示面的表面。For example, FIG. 16 schematically shows that the number of light diffusing elements is one, but it is not limited thereto, and there may be multiple light diffusing elements arranged at intervals to further improve the dispersion effect of light beams. The embodiment of the present disclosure schematically shows that the light diffusion element is located on the back side of the display panel, but is not limited thereto, and may also be located on the side of the display surface of the display panel. For example, the light diffusing element can be attached to the surface of the display surface of the display panel.
例如，光扩散元件710被配置为扩散经过光扩散元件710的光束但不改变或几乎不改变该光束的光轴。上述“光轴”指光束的中心线，也可以认为是光束传播的主方向。For example, the light diffusing element 710 is configured to diffuse the light beam passing through the light diffusing element 710 without changing or hardly changing the optical axis of the light beam. The above "optical axis" refers to the centerline of the beam, which can also be considered as the main direction of beam propagation.
例如，入射光束经过光扩散元件710后，会扩散为沿传播方向具有特定大小和形状的光斑的光束，例如，光斑的能量分布可以均匀化或者非均匀化；例如，光斑的大小和形状可以由光束扩散元件700的表面设计的微结构控制。上述特定形状的光斑可以包括但不限于线形、圆形、椭圆形、正方形、和长方形。For example, after the incident light beam passes through the light diffusing element 710, it will be diffused into a light beam with a spot with a specific size and shape along the propagation direction. For example, the energy distribution of the spot can be uniform or non-uniform; for example, the size and shape of the spot can be determined by Microstructural control of the surface design of the beam spreading element 700 . The aforementioned specific shapes of light spots may include, but are not limited to, linear, circular, elliptical, square, and rectangular.
例如，光扩散元件710包括衍射光学元件和散射光学元件中的至少之一。For example, the light diffusing element 710 includes at least one of a diffractive optical element and a diffractive optical element.
例如，光扩散元件710可以为成本较低的散射光学元件，如匀光片、扩散片等，光束透过匀光片等 散射光学元件时会发生散射，还会发生少量的衍射，但散射起主要作用，光束透过散射光学元件后会形成较大的光斑。For example, the light diffusion element 710 can be a low-cost scattering optical element, such as a dodging sheet, a diffusion sheet, etc., when the light beam passes through a scattering optical element such as a dodging sheet, it will be scattered, and a small amount of diffraction will also occur, but the scattering effect The main function is that the light beam will form a larger spot after passing through the scattering optical element.
例如，光扩散元件710也可以为对扩散效果控制相对更加精确的衍射光学元件(Diffractive Optical Elements,DOE)，例如光束整形片(Beam Shaper)等。例如，衍射光学元件通过在表面设计特定的微结构，主要通过衍射起到光扩束作用，光斑的大小和形状可控。For example, the light diffusing element 710 may also be a diffractive optical element (Diffractive Optical Elements, DOE) that controls the diffusion effect relatively more precisely, such as a beam shaper (Beam Shaper). For example, diffractive optical elements design specific microstructures on the surface to expand the beam of light mainly through diffraction, and the size and shape of the spot are controllable.
例如，如图16所示，显示装置还包括光会聚元件720，位于光源装置与显示面板600之间，且被配置为对从光源装置出射的光线进行会聚后使经会聚的光线射向至少一个光扩散元件710。For example, as shown in FIG. 16 , the display device further includes a light converging element 720, which is located between the light source device and the display panel 600, and is configured to condense the light emitted from the light source device and then direct the converged light to at least one Light diffusing element 710 .
例如，如图16所示，光会聚元件720被配置为对光源装置出射的光线(例如，准直光线)进行方向控制，将光线聚集至预定范围，可进一步聚拢光线，提高光线利用率。上述预定范围可以是一个点，比如凸透镜的焦点，也可以是一个较小的区域，设置光会聚元件的目的在于将光波导元件输出的光线(例如准直光线)统一调整方向至预定范围，提高光线的利用率。For example, as shown in FIG. 16 , the light converging element 720 is configured to control the direction of the light (eg, collimated light) emitted by the light source device, and gather the light to a predetermined range, which can further gather the light and improve light utilization efficiency. The above-mentioned predetermined range can be a point, such as the focal point of a convex lens, or a small area. The purpose of setting the light converging element is to uniformly adjust the direction of the light (such as collimated light) output by the optical waveguide element to the predetermined range, improving Light utilization.
例如，光会聚元件720可为透镜、棱镜、曲面反射镜或透镜组合，例如可以是菲涅尔透镜和/或曲面透镜，例如可以是凸透镜、凹透镜透镜或透镜组合等，图16中以凸透镜为例进行示意说明。For example, the light converging element 720 can be a lens, a prism, a curved mirror or a combination of lenses, such as a Fresnel lens and/or a curved lens, such as a convex lens, a concave lens or a combination of lenses, etc. Example to illustrate.
例如，如图16所示，光会聚元件720可将光源装置输出的准直光线聚集至一定的范围，光扩散元件710可将聚集的光线扩散。本公开实施例通过光会聚元件和光扩散元件的配合，在提供高光效的同时也扩大了可视范围。For example, as shown in FIG. 16 , the light converging element 720 can gather the collimated light output by the light source device to a certain range, and the light diffusing element 710 can diffuse the gathered light. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, through the cooperation of the light converging element and the light diffusing element, the visible range is expanded while providing high light efficiency.
例如，如图16所示，本公开实施例中，光会聚元件720可以对几乎所有光线进行聚集定向，使得光线可到达用户的观看区域001，因此光源装置输出的准直光束便于控制以实现方便的调整光线的方向。例如，可以根据实际需求预设观察者需要观看成像的区域，例如观看区域001，该观看区域001是指观察者眼睛所在的、可以看到显示装置显示的图像的区域，例如观看区域001可以是平面区域或者立体区域，用户眼睛在观看区域001内都可以看到图像，例如完整的图像。例如，该观看区域001可以认为是显示装置的眼盒区域(eyebox)。For example, as shown in FIG. 16 , in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the light converging element 720 can concentrate and direct almost all the light, so that the light can reach the viewing area 001 of the user, so the collimated light beam output by the light source device is easy to control to achieve convenience. to adjust the direction of the light. For example, the area where the observer needs to watch the imaging can be preset according to actual needs, such as the viewing area 001, which refers to the area where the observer's eyes are located and the image displayed by the display device can be seen. For example, the viewing area 001 can be In the planar area or the three-dimensional area, the user's eyes can see the image in the viewing area 001, such as a complete image. For example, the viewing area 001 can be regarded as an eyebox area (eyebox) of the display device.
图17为根据本公开实施例提供的抬头显示器的局部截面结构示意图。如图17所示，抬头显示器包括反射成像部800以及图16所示的显示装置。图17示意性的示出抬头显示器中的显示装置为图16所示的显示装置，但不限于此。例如，如图17所示，反射成像部800被配置为将显示装置出射的光线反射至抬头显示器的观察区003(例如，可以是抬头显示器的眼盒区域003)。Fig. 17 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a head-up display provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 17 , the head-up display includes a reflective imaging unit 800 and the display device shown in FIG. 16 . FIG. 17 schematically shows that the display device in the head-up display is the display device shown in FIG. 16 , but is not limited thereto. For example, as shown in FIG. 17 , the reflective imaging unit 800 is configured to reflect the light emitted by the display device to the viewing area 003 of the HUD (for example, it may be the eye box area 003 of the HUD).
例如，如图17所示，反射成像部800被配置为将显示装置出射的光线反射至眼盒区域003，且透射环境光。位于眼盒区域003的用户可以观看到反射成像部800反射的显示装置所成像002以及位于反射成像部800远离眼盒区域003一侧的环境景象。例如，显示装置发出的图像光线入射至反射成像部800，被反射成像部800反射的光线入射至用户，例如驾驶员双眼所在的眼盒区域003，用户就可观察到形成于例如反射成像部外侧的虚像，同时不影响用户对外界环境的观察。For example, as shown in FIG. 17 , the reflective imaging unit 800 is configured to reflect light emitted from the display device to the eye box area 003 and transmit ambient light. A user located in the eye box area 003 can watch the image 002 reflected by the display device reflected by the reflective imaging unit 800 and the environmental scene on the side of the reflective imaging unit 800 away from the eye box area 003 . For example, the image light emitted by the display device is incident on the reflective imaging part 800, and the light reflected by the reflective imaging part 800 is incident on the user, such as the eye box area 003 where the driver's eyes are located. virtual image without affecting the user's observation of the external environment.
例如，上述眼盒区域003是指用户双眼所在的、可以看到抬头显示器显示的图像的平面区域。例如，用户的双眼相对于眼盒区域的中心偏离一定距离，如上下、左右移动一定距离时，用户双眼仍处于眼盒区域内，用户仍然可以看到抬头显示器显示的图像。For example, the above-mentioned eye box area 003 refers to a plane area where the user's eyes are located and the image displayed on the head-up display can be seen. For example, the user's eyes deviate from the center of the eye box area by a certain distance, such as moving up and down, left and right by a certain distance, the user's eyes are still in the eye box area, and the user can still see the image displayed on the head-up display.
例如，如图17所示，反射成像部800可为机动车的挡风窗(例如挡风玻璃)或成像窗，分别对应风挡式抬头显示器(Windshield-HUD,W-HUD)和组合式抬头显示器(Combiner-HUD,C-HUD)。For example, as shown in FIG. 17, the reflective imaging unit 800 can be a windshield (such as a windshield) or an imaging window of a motor vehicle, respectively corresponding to a windshield-type head-up display (Windshield-HUD, W-HUD) and a combined head-up display. (Combiner-HUD, C-HUD).
例如，如图17所示，反射成像部800可以为平面板材，通过镜面反射形成虚像；也可以为曲面面形，如挡风玻璃或者带有曲率的透明成像板等，会提供较远的成像距离。For example, as shown in Figure 17, the reflective imaging part 800 can be a flat plate, which forms a virtual image through mirror reflection; it can also be a curved surface, such as a windshield or a transparent imaging plate with curvature, etc., which will provide farther imaging distance.
例如，本公开实施例不限于抬头显示器包括上述显示装置，抬头显示器还可以为包括图1至图7、图10至图15任一示例所示的导光装置以及上述反射成像部，反射成像部被配置为将该导光装置出射的光线反射至抬头显示器的观察区。当然，导光装置出射的光可以不经过任何光学元件或装置直接入射到反射成像部上，导光装置出射的光也可以经过其他光学元件(如反射镜、透镜等)或者其他装置(如液晶显示面板)后入射到反射成像部。For example, the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the head-up display including the above-mentioned display device. The head-up display may also include the light guide device shown in any example of FIGS. It is configured to reflect the light emitted by the light guide device to the viewing area of the head-up display. Of course, the light emitted by the light guiding device can directly be incident on the reflective imaging part without passing through any optical elements or devices, and the light emitted by the light guiding device can also pass through other optical elements (such as mirrors, lenses, etc.) or other devices (such as liquid crystals, etc.) display panel) and then incident to the reflective imaging unit.
本公开实施例不限于抬头显示器包括上述显示装置，抬头显示器还可以为包括光源装置，以及上述反射成像部，反射成像部被配置为将该光源装置出射的光线反射至抬头显示器的观察区；光源装置 包括上述任一实施例所述的导光装置及光源部，光源部发出的光线进入导光装置。当然，光源装置出射的光可以不经过任何光学元件或装置直接入射到反射成像部上，光源装置出射的光也可以经过其他光学元件(如反射镜、透镜等)或者其他装置(如液晶显示面板)后入射到反射成像部。Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the head-up display including the above-mentioned display device, the head-up display may also include a light source device, and the above-mentioned reflective imaging part, the reflective imaging part is configured to reflect the light emitted by the light source device to the observation area of the head-up display; the light source The device includes the light guide device described in any one of the above embodiments and a light source part, and the light emitted by the light source part enters the light guide device. Certainly, the light emitted by the light source device may directly be incident on the reflective imaging part without passing through any optical elements or devices, and the light emitted by the light source device may also pass through other optical elements (such as mirrors, lenses, etc.) or other devices (such as liquid crystal display panels). ) and then incident on the reflective imaging unit.
在一些实施例中，还提供了一种交通设备，包括：如前所述的导光装置，或者如前所述的光源装置，或者如前所述的抬头显示器。In some embodiments, there is also provided a transportation device, including: the above-mentioned light guide device, or the above-mentioned light source device, or the above-mentioned head-up display.
图18为根据本公开另一实施例提供的交通设备的示例性框图。如图18所示，该交通设备包括本公开的至少一个实施例提供的抬头显示器。交通设备的前窗(例如，前挡风玻璃)被复用为抬头显示器的反射成像部800。Fig. 18 is an exemplary block diagram of a transportation device provided according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 18 , the transportation device includes a head-up display provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. The front window (for example, the front windshield) of the traffic equipment is multiplexed as the reflective imaging part 800 of the head-up display.
例如，该交通设备可以是各种适当的交通工具，例如可以包括各种类型的汽车等陆上交通设备，或可以是船等水上交通设备，或可以是飞机等空中交通设备，其设置挡风窗(例如，前挡风窗、侧挡风窗和后挡风窗中的至少一者)且通过车载显示***将图像透射到挡风窗上。For example, the traffic equipment can be various appropriate means of transportation, for example, it can include various types of land transportation equipment such as automobiles, or can be water transportation equipment such as boats, or can be air transportation equipment such as airplanes, which are provided with windshields. window (for example, at least one of the front windshield, side windshield, and rear windshield) and transmits an image onto the windshield through the onboard display system.
有以下几点需要说明：The following points need to be explained:
(1)本公开的实施例附图中，只涉及到与本公开实施例涉及到的结构，其他结构可参考通常设计。(1) Embodiments of the present disclosure In the drawings, only the structures related to the embodiments of the present disclosure are involved, and other structures may refer to general designs.
(2)在不冲突的情况下，本公开的同一实施例及不同实施例中的特征可以相互组合。(2) In the case of no conflict, features in the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined with each other.
以上所述仅是本公开的示范性实施方式，而非用于限制本公开的保护范围，本公开的保护范围由所附的权利要求确定。The above descriptions are only exemplary implementations of the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present disclosure, which is determined by the appended claims.

Claims (27)

  1. 一种导光装置，包括：A light guiding device, comprising:
    多个光耦出部，其包括多个第一光耦出部，所述多个第一光耦出部中的至少部分被配置为将传播至所述第一光耦出部的光线的一部分通过反射和透射之一射出所述导光装置，且通过反射和透射的另一者使得传播至所述第一光耦出部的光线的另一部分继续在所述导光装置中传播，A plurality of light outcoupling parts, including a plurality of first light outcoupling parts, at least part of the plurality of first light outcoupling parts is configured to transmit a part of the light transmitted to the first light outcoupling part exiting the light guiding device through one of reflection and transmission, and causing another part of the light propagating to the first light outcoupling part to continue to propagate in the light guiding device through the other of reflection and transmission,
    其中，所述多个第一光耦出部的反射率种类数量小于所述多个第一光耦出部的数量；或者，至少两个所述第一光耦出部的反射率相同。Wherein, the number of reflectance types of the plurality of first light outcouplers is smaller than the number of the plurality of first light outcouplers; or, at least two of the first light outcouplers have the same reflectance.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的导光装置，其中，所述多个第一光耦出部依次排列并且倾斜方向相同，并且至少两个所述第一光耦出部都具有预设反射率。The light guiding device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of first light outcoupling portions are arranged in sequence and have the same inclination direction, and at least two of the first light outcoupling portions have a preset reflectivity.
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的导光装置，其中：The light guiding device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:
    所述多个第一光耦出部沿所述光线在所述导光装置中的传播方向排列；和/或，沿所述多个第一光耦出部的排列方向，所述多个第一光耦出部的反射率呈区域性地逐渐增大。The plurality of first light outcoupling parts are arranged along the propagation direction of the light in the light guide device; and/or, along the arrangement direction of the plurality of first light outcoupling parts, the plurality of first light outcoupling parts The reflectivity of an optical outcoupling part gradually increases regionally.
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任意一项所述的导光装置，其中，所述导光装置包括多个出光区，所述多个第一光耦出部与所述多个出光区一一对应，所述多个出光区被配置为出射被对应的所述第一光耦出部耦出的光线，且任意两个出光区出射的光线的强度差不大于所述任意两个出光区之一出射的光线的强度的20％。The light guiding device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the light guiding device comprises a plurality of light exit regions, and the plurality of first light outcoupling portions correspond to the plurality of light exit regions one by one, The multiple light exit regions are configured to emit the light coupled out by the corresponding first light coupling part, and the intensity difference of the light emitted by any two light exit regions is not greater than that emitted by one of the arbitrary two light exit regions 20% of the intensity of the light.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的导光装置，其中，任意两个出光区不交叠；或者，至少两个相邻的出光区交叠。The light guiding device according to claim 4, wherein any two light exit regions do not overlap; or at least two adjacent light exit regions overlap.
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任意一项所述的导光装置，其中：The light guiding device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein:
    所述导光装置还包括：导光介质，被配置为使得进入所述导光介质的光线进行全反射传播和/或非全反射传播；和/或，The light guide device further includes: a light guide medium configured to make the light entering the light guide medium propagate through total reflection and/or non-total reflection; and/or,
    所述导光装置包括具有多个第一光耦出部的第一光耦出部阵列，所述导光装置还包括：The light guide device includes a first light outcoupler array having a plurality of first light outcoupler parts, and the light guide device further includes:
    第二光耦出部阵列，包括所述多个光耦出部中的多个第二光耦出部，所述多个第二光耦出部中的至少部分被配置为部分透射且部分反射传播至所述第二光耦出部的光线，以使所述光线的一部分射出所述导光装置，且使所述光线的另一部分继续在所述导光装置中传播；其中，所述第一光耦出部阵列与所述第二光耦出部阵列在所述多 个第一光耦出部的排列方向上依次设置；或者，所述第一光耦出部阵列与所述第二光耦出部阵列在垂直于所述多个第一光耦出部的排列方向的方向上交叠。The second light outcoupler array, including a plurality of second light outcouplers in the plurality of light outcouplers, at least part of the plurality of second light outcouplers is configured to be partially transmissive and partially reflective The light propagated to the second light coupling part, so that part of the light exits the light guide device, and the other part of the light continues to propagate in the light guide device; wherein, the first An array of optical outcouplers and the array of second optical outcouplers are sequentially arranged in the arrangement direction of the plurality of first optical outcouplers; or, the array of first optical outcouplers and the second array of optical outcouplers The array of light outcouplers overlaps in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the plurality of first light outcouplers.
  7. 根据权利要求1至6任意一项所述的导光装置，其中，所述导光装置包括第一导光元件和第二导光元件，进入所述导光装置的光线经所述第一导光元件传输至所述第二导光元件，所述第二导光元件包括具有所述多个第一光耦出部的第一光耦出部阵列，所述第一导光元件包括被配置为传播所述光线的介质以及至少一个反射面，所述至少一个反射面被配置为对入射至所述第一导光元件的光线进行至少一次反射以使所述光线传播至所述第二导光元件。The light guide device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the light guide device comprises a first light guide element and a second light guide element, and the light entering the light guide device passes through the first light guide The light element is transmitted to the second light guide element, the second light guide element includes a first light outcoupler array having the plurality of first light outcouplers, and the first light guide element includes a configured The medium for propagating the light and at least one reflective surface configured to reflect the light incident on the first light guide element at least once so that the light propagates to the second light guide light element.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的导光装置，其中：The light guiding device according to claim 7, wherein:
    所述介质包括气体或者透明基板，所述介质与所述至少一个反射面的至少部分为彼此独立的结构；或者，所述介质包括所述至少一个反射面的至少部分；和/或，The medium includes a gas or a transparent substrate, and the medium and at least part of the at least one reflective surface are independent structures; or, the medium includes at least part of the at least one reflective surface; and/or,
    所述导光装置还包括：光转化部，所述光转化部包括偏振分光元件和偏振转化结构，所述偏振分光元件被配置为将射向所述偏振分光元件的光线分光处理为第一偏振光和第二偏振光；所述偏振转化结构被配置为将所述偏振分光元件分光处理后得到的所述第二偏振光转化为第三偏振光，所述第三偏振光与所述第一偏振光的偏振态相同，其中，所述第二导光元件被配置为传输所述第一偏振光和所述第三偏振光；和/或，The light guide device further includes: a light conversion part, the light conversion part includes a polarization splitting element and a polarization conversion structure, and the polarization splitting element is configured to split the light incident on the polarization splitting element into a first polarization light and second polarized light; the polarization conversion structure is configured to convert the second polarized light obtained after the polarization splitting element into a third polarized light, and the third polarized light and the first polarized light The polarized light has the same polarization state, wherein the second light guiding element is configured to transmit the first polarized light and the third polarized light; and/or,
    所述至少一个反射面包括至少两个子反射面，入射到所述第一导光元件的光线的发散角为θ，所述至少两个子反射面中包括彼此相对的两个子反射面，彼此相对的所述两个子反射面之间的夹角大于0°且小于等于θ；或者，彼此相对的所述两个子反射面平行。The at least one reflective surface includes at least two sub-reflective surfaces, the divergence angle of the light incident on the first light guide element is θ, and the at least two sub-reflective surfaces include two sub-reflective surfaces opposite to each other, and the two opposite to each other An included angle between the two sub-reflecting surfaces is greater than 0° and less than or equal to θ; or, the two sub-reflecting surfaces facing each other are parallel.
  9. 根据权利要求1至8任意一项所述的导光装置，其中，所述多个第一光耦出部包括M个光耦出组；The light guiding device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the plurality of first light outcoupling parts comprise M light outcoupling groups;
    其中，所述M个光耦出组的至少一个光耦出组中的每个光耦出组包括具有预设反射率的至少两个第一光耦出部，且位于不同光耦出组的所述第一光耦出部的反射率不同，M为大于1的正整数；或者Wherein, each of at least one of the M optical out-coupling groups includes at least two first optical out-coupling parts with a preset reflectivity, and is located in different optical out-coupling groups. The reflectivity of the first optical outcoupling part is different, and M is a positive integer greater than 1; or
    所述M个光耦出组的至少一个光耦出组中的每个光耦出组包括具有预设透射率的至少两个第一光耦出部，且位于不同光耦出组的所述第一光耦出部的透射率不同，M为大于1的正整数；或者Each of at least one of the M optical outgroups includes at least two first optical outgroups with preset transmittance, and the The transmittance of the first light outcoupling part is different, and M is a positive integer greater than 1; or
    所述M个光耦出组的至少一个光耦出组中的每个光耦出组包括具有相同反射率的至少两个第一光耦出部，M为大于0的正整数。Each of at least one of the M optical output groups includes at least two first optical output portions with the same reflectivity, and M is a positive integer greater than 0.
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的导光装置，其中：The light guiding device according to claim 9, wherein:
    所述M个光耦出组包括第一光耦出组和第二光耦出组，所述第一光耦出组中的第一光耦出部的反射率大于所述第二光耦出组中的第一光耦出部的反射率，且所述第一光耦出组中第一光耦出部的数量不大于所述第二光耦出组中第一光耦出部的数量；和/或，The M optical output groups include a first optical output group and a second optical output group, and the reflectivity of the first optical output part in the first optical output group is greater than that of the second optical output group. The reflectivity of the first light out-coupling parts in the group, and the number of the first light out-coupling parts in the first light out-coupling group is not greater than the number of the first light out-coupling parts in the second light out-coupling group ;and / or,
    M个光耦出组包括第三光耦出组，所述第三光耦出组中的第一光耦出部的反射率大于其他光耦出组中的第一光耦出部的反射率，且所述第三光耦出组仅包括一个第一光耦出部。The M optical coupling groups include a third optical coupling group, the reflectivity of the first optical coupling part in the third optical coupling group is greater than the reflectivity of the first optical coupling part in other optical coupling groups , and the third optical out-coupling group only includes one first optical out-coupling part.
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的导光装置，其中：The light guiding device according to claim 9 or 10, wherein:
    位于同一光耦出组中的所述至少两个第一光耦出部沿所述光线在所述导光装置内的传播方向上相邻设置；和/或，位于同一光耦出组中的所述至少两个第一光耦出部的倾斜方向相同。The at least two first light outcoupling parts located in the same light outcoupling group are adjacently arranged along the propagation direction of the light in the light guide device; and/or, the ones in the same light outcoupling group The inclination directions of the at least two first light outcoupling parts are the same.
  12. 根据权利要求1至11任意一项所述的导光装置，其中，The light guiding device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein,
    所述多个第一光耦出部包括设置有反射介质的第一光耦出部，至少部分第一光耦出部设置有具有第一反射率的反射介质，所述至少部分第一光耦出部的至少两个第一光耦出部中，具有第一反射率的所述反射介质占相应的所述第一光耦出部的面积比不同以使所述至少两个第一光耦出部的反射率不同。The plurality of first light outcoupling parts include first light outcoupling parts provided with a reflective medium, at least part of the first light outcoupler parts are provided with a reflective medium with a first reflectivity, and at least part of the first light outcoupler In the at least two first optical coupling parts of the output part, the ratio of the area of the reflective medium with the first reflectivity to the corresponding first optical coupling part is different so that the at least two first optical coupling parts The reflectivity of the exit part is different.
  13. 根据权利要求1至12任意一项所述的导光装置，其中，所述多个第一光耦出部包括设置有反射介质的第一光耦出部，至少一个第一光耦出部设置的所述反射介质包括至少两种不同反射率。The light guiding device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the plurality of first light outcoupling portions include a first light outcoupling portion provided with a reflective medium, and at least one first light outcoupling portion is provided with The reflective medium includes at least two different reflectivities.
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的导光装置，其中：The light guiding device of claim 13, wherein:
    所述多个第一光耦出部的面积相同，且同一第一光耦出部设置的反射介质为具有同一种反射率的反射介质；或者，The areas of the plurality of first light outcoupling parts are the same, and the reflection medium provided for the same first light outcoupling part is a reflection medium with the same reflectivity; or,
    所述多个第一光耦出部中的每个第一光耦出部设置的反射介质均为具有第一反射率的所述反射介质；或者，The reflection medium provided for each of the first light outcoupling parts in the plurality of first light outcoupling parts is the reflection medium with a first reflectivity; or,
    所述第一光耦出部的反射率与其设置的所述反射介质的面积呈正相关。The reflectivity of the first light outcoupling portion is positively correlated with the area of the reflective medium on which it is disposed.
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的导光装置，其中，所述多个第一光耦出部包括至少两个第一光耦出组，所述至少两个第一光耦出组的至少一个第一光耦出组中包括至少两个第一光耦出部，且同一第一光耦出组中至少两个所述第一光耦出部设置的反射介质为具有同一种反射率的反射介质，位于不同第一光耦出组的第一光耦出部设置 的反射介质为具有不同反射率的反射介质。The light guiding device according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the plurality of first light out-coupling portions comprise at least two first light out-coupling groups, at least one of the at least two first light out-coupling groups The first light out-coupling group includes at least two first light out-coupling parts, and the reflective medium provided by at least two first light out-coupling parts in the same first light out-coupling group is a reflection medium with the same reflectivity As for the medium, the reflective medium provided by the first light outcoupling parts located in different first light outcoupler groups is a reflective medium with different reflectivity.
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的导光装置，其中：The light guiding device according to claim 15, wherein:
    设置具有不同反射率的反射介质的至少两个第一光耦出部中，所述反射介质占相应的所述第一光耦出部的面积比相同；或者，In the at least two first light outcoupling portions provided with reflective media with different reflectivities, the area ratio of the reflective medium to the corresponding first light outcoupler portions is the same; or,
    包括至少两个第一光耦出部的第一光耦出组中，所述第一光耦出部的反射率与其设置的所述反射介质的面积呈正相关。In the first light out-coupling group including at least two first light out-coupling parts, the reflectivity of the first light out-coupling parts is positively correlated with the area of the reflective medium on which they are arranged.
  17. 根据权利要求13至16任意一项所述的导光装置，其中：A light guiding device according to any one of claims 13 to 16, wherein:
    至少两个第一光耦出部中，每个第一光耦出部设置的所述反射介质包括反射率不同的至少两种反射介质，不同第一光耦出部中，具有所述第一反射率的一种反射介质占相应的所述第一光耦出部的面积比不同，以使不同第一光耦出部的反射率不同；或者，Among the at least two first optical outcoupling sections, the reflective medium provided for each first optical outcoupler section includes at least two kinds of reflective media with different reflectivity, and in different first optical outcoupler sections, there are the first A reflective medium of reflectivity occupies a different area ratio of the corresponding first light outcoupling part, so that the reflectance of different first light outcoupler parts is different; or,
    至少两个第一光耦出部中，每个第一光耦出部设置的所述反射介质包括反射率不同的至少两种反射介质，不同第一光耦出部的反射率不同；Among the at least two first light outcoupling parts, the reflective medium provided for each first light outcoupling part includes at least two kinds of reflective media with different reflectivity, and the reflectance of different first light outcoupler parts is different;
    不同第一光耦出部中，所述反射介质占相应的所述第一光耦出部的表面的面积比相同，或者，不同第一光耦出部中，所述反射介质占相应的所述第一光耦出部的表面的面积比不同。In different first optical outcoupling parts, the reflective medium occupies the same area ratio of the surface of the corresponding first light outcoupler, or, in different first optical outcouplers, the reflective medium occupies the corresponding The area ratio of the surface of the first light outcoupling part is different.
  18. 根据权利要求13至17任意一项所述的导光装置，其中：The light guiding device according to any one of claims 13 to 17, wherein:
    部分所述第一光耦出部还包括空白区域，所述空白区域包括所述第一光耦出部未设置所述反射介质的区域；或者，部分所述第一光耦出部中的每个第一光耦出部中的所述反射介质均匀分布；或者，Part of the first optical coupling part further includes a blank area, and the blank area includes a region where the first optical coupling part is not provided with the reflective medium; or, each part of the first optical coupling part The reflective medium in the first optical outcoupling part is uniformly distributed; or,
    至少一个第一光耦出部设置的所述反射介质包括一层反射膜；或者，至少一个第一光耦出部设置的所述反射介质包括堆叠设置的多层反射膜，所述多层反射膜包括五氧化二钽、二氧化钛、氧化镁、氧化锌、氧化锆、二氧化硅、氟化镁、氮化硅、氮氧化硅以及氟化铝中的多种；或者，所述至少部分第一光耦出部的至少两个第一光耦出部中，具有相同反射率的所述反射介质占相应的所述第一光耦出部的面积比不同以使所述至少两个第一光耦出部的反射率不同。The reflective medium provided for at least one first optical outcoupling part includes a layer of reflective film; or, the reflective medium provided for at least one first optical outcoupler part includes a stacked multilayer reflective film, and the multilayer reflective The film includes a plurality of tantalum pentoxide, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium fluoride, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, and aluminum fluoride; or, the at least part of the first Among the at least two first light out-coupling parts of the light out-coupling part, the reflective media with the same reflectivity account for different area ratios of the corresponding first light out-coupling parts, so that the at least two first light out-coupling parts The reflectivity of the outcoupling part is different.
  19. 根据权利要求1至18任意一项所述的导光装置，其中，所述光耦出部为透反元件。The light guiding device according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the light outcoupling portion is a transflective element.
  20. 根据权利要求1至19任意一项所述的导光装置，其中，所述多个第一光耦出部中反射率最大的第一光耦出部的反射率不小于90％。The light guiding device according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the reflectance of the first light out-coupling part with the highest reflectance among the plurality of first light out-coupling parts is not less than 90%.
  21. 一种导光装置，包括：A light guiding device, comprising:
    多个第一光耦出部，所述多个第一光耦出部中的至少部分被配置为将传播至所述第一光耦出部的光线的一部分通过反射和透射之一射出所述导光装置，且通过反射和透射的另一者使得传播至所述第一光耦出部的光线的另一部分继续在所述导光装置中传播，a plurality of first light outcoupling parts, at least part of the plurality of first light outcoupling parts is configured to output a part of the light propagated to the first light outcoupling part out of the a light guiding device, and the other part of the light propagating to the first light outcoupling part continues to propagate in the light guiding device through the other of reflection and transmission,
    其中，所述第一光耦出部的透射率种类数量小于所述多个第一光耦出部的数量；或者，至少两个所述第一光耦出部的透射率相同。Wherein, the number of transmittance types of the first light outcoupling portion is smaller than the number of the plurality of first light outcoupler portions; or, at least two of the first light outcoupler portions have the same transmittance.
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的导光装置，其中，所述多个第一光耦出部依次排列并且倾斜方向相同，并且至少两个所述第一光耦出部都具有预设透射率。The light guiding device according to claim 21, wherein the plurality of first light outcoupling portions are arranged in sequence and have the same inclination direction, and at least two of the first light outcoupling portions have preset transmittances.
  23. 一种导光装置，包括：A light guiding device, comprising:
    多个透反元件，所述多个透反元件中的至少部分被配置为将传播至所述透反元件的光线的一部分通过反射和透射之一射出所述导光装置，且通过反射和透射的另一者使得传播至所述透反元件的光线的另一部分继续在所述导光装置中传播，a plurality of transflective elements, at least some of which are configured to emit a part of the light rays propagating to the transflective elements out of the light guiding device through one of reflection and transmission, and through reflection and transmission The other one makes another part of the light transmitted to the transflective element continue to propagate in the light guiding device,
    其中，所述多个透反元件包括设置有反射介质的透反元件，至少部分透反元件设置有具有第一反射率的反射介质，所述至少部分透反元件的至少两个透反元件中，具有第一反射率的所述反射介质占相应的所述透反元件的面积比不同以使所述至少两个透反元件的反射率或透射率不同；和/或，Wherein, the plurality of transflective elements include a transflective element provided with a reflective medium, at least some of the transflective elements are provided with a reflective medium having a first reflectivity, and at least two of the at least partial transflective elements are The reflective medium having the first reflectivity occupies a different area ratio of the corresponding transflective elements so that the reflectivity or transmittance of the at least two transflective elements are different; and/or,
    所述多个透反元件包括设置有反射介质的透反元件，至少一个透反元件设置的所述反射介质包括至少两种不同反射率或不同透射率，且所述多个透反元件设置的反射介质的反射率种类数量或透射率种类数量小于所述多个透反元件的数量；和/或The plurality of transflective elements include a transflective element provided with a reflective medium, the reflective medium provided by at least one transflective element includes at least two different reflectivities or different transmittances, and the set of the multiple transflective elements The number of reflectance types or the number of transmittance types of the reflective medium is less than the number of the plurality of transflective elements; and/or
    所述多个透反元件包括M个透反元件组，至少一个透反元件组中的每个透反元件组包括具有预设反射率的至少两个透反元件，且位于不同透反元件组的所述透反元件的反射率或透射率不同，M为大于1的正整数。The plurality of transflective elements includes M transflective element groups, each transflective element group in at least one transreflective element group includes at least two transflective elements with preset reflectivity, and is located in different transflective element groups The reflectivity or transmittance of the transreflective elements are different, and M is a positive integer greater than 1.
  24. 一种光源装置，包括：A light source device, comprising:
    光源部；以及Lighting Department; and
    如权利要求1至23任意一项所述的导光装置，所述光源部发出的光线进入所述导光装置。The light guide device according to any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein the light emitted by the light source part enters the light guide device.
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的光源装置，其中：The light source device according to claim 24, wherein:
    所述光源装置还包括：扩散结构，位于所述导光装置的出光侧，配置为将所述导光装置输出的光线扩散；和/或The light source device further includes: a diffusion structure, located on the light output side of the light guide device, configured to diffuse the light output by the light guide device; and/or
    所述光源部包括光源和反射导光结构，所述反射导光结构被配置为将所述光源发出的光线调节至预定发散角，所述预定发散角的角度范围包括40度以内。The light source part includes a light source and a reflective light guide structure, the reflective light guide structure is configured to adjust the light emitted by the light source to a predetermined divergence angle, and the angle range of the predetermined divergence angle is within 40 degrees.
  26. 一种抬头显示器，包括：A heads-up display comprising:
    显示装置，包括：显示面板以及如权利要求24或25所述的光源装置；以及A display device, comprising: a display panel and the light source device according to claim 24 or 25; and
    反射成像部，被配置为将所述显示装置出射的光线反射至所述抬头显示器的观察区；或者，a reflective imaging unit configured to reflect the light emitted by the display device to the viewing area of the head-up display; or,
    所述抬头显示器包括：The heads-up display includes:
    反射成像部以及如权利要求1至23任意一项所述的导光装置，其中，所述反射成像部被配置为将所述导光装置出射的光线反射至所述抬头显示器的观察区；或者，A reflective imaging unit and the light guide device according to any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein the reflective imaging unit is configured to reflect the light emitted by the light guide device to the viewing area of the head-up display; or ,
    所述抬头显示器包括：The heads-up display includes:
    反射成像部以及如权利要求24或25所述的光源装置，其中，所述反射成像部被配置为将所述光源装置出射的光线反射至所述抬头显示器的观察区。The reflective imaging unit and the light source device according to claim 24 or 25, wherein the reflective imaging unit is configured to reflect the light emitted by the light source device to the viewing area of the head-up display.
  27. 一种交通设备，包括：如权利要求1至23任意一项所述的导光装置，或者如权利要求24或25所述的光源装置，或者如权利要求26所述的抬头显示器。A transportation device, comprising: the light guide device according to any one of claims 1 to 23, or the light source device according to claim 24 or 25, or the head-up display according to claim 26.
PCT/CN2022/114026 2021-08-23 2022-08-22 Light guide device, light source device, head-up display, and traffic equipment WO2023025106A1 (en)

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CN202121988084.6 2021-08-23
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JP2000075138A (en) * 1998-06-15 2000-03-14 Asahi Optical Co Ltd Polarized light conversion element and illumination device for lcd panel
CN202432373U (en) * 2012-02-15 2012-09-12 青岛海信电器股份有限公司 Television backlight source system and television
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CN216748172U (en) * 2021-08-23 2022-06-14 未来（北京）黑科技有限公司 Light guide device, light source device, head-up display and traffic equipment
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