WO2023004990A1 - 减速传动装置及起重葫芦 - Google Patents

减速传动装置及起重葫芦 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023004990A1
WO2023004990A1 PCT/CN2021/121756 CN2021121756W WO2023004990A1 WO 2023004990 A1 WO2023004990 A1 WO 2023004990A1 CN 2021121756 W CN2021121756 W CN 2021121756W WO 2023004990 A1 WO2023004990 A1 WO 2023004990A1
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Prior art keywords
gear
sprocket
gears
lifting
stage
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PCT/CN2021/121756
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曾剑
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重庆美和机电有限公司
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Publication of WO2023004990A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023004990A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D3/00—Portable or mobile lifting or hauling appliances
    • B66D3/12—Chain or like hand-operated tackles with or without power transmission gearing between operating member and lifting rope, chain or cable
    • B66D3/16—Chain or like hand-operated tackles with or without power transmission gearing between operating member and lifting rope, chain or cable operated by an endless chain passing over a pulley or a sprocket
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D3/00—Portable or mobile lifting or hauling appliances
    • B66D3/18—Power-operated hoists
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D3/00—Portable or mobile lifting or hauling appliances
    • B66D3/18—Power-operated hoists
    • B66D3/20—Power-operated hoists with driving motor, e.g. electric motor, and drum or barrel contained in a common housing
    • B66D3/22—Power-operated hoists with driving motor, e.g. electric motor, and drum or barrel contained in a common housing with variable-speed gearings between driving motor and drum or barrel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings

Definitions

  • the utility model belongs to the technical field of lifting hoists, in particular to a reduction transmission device and a lifting hoist.
  • hoist As a small lifting machinery, hoist has been widely used in many industries and occasions because of its simple use and portability. It is mainly used in factories, mines, construction sites, docks, docks, warehouses and other places to install machines, Lifting cargo, etc. Hoists are mainly divided into manual hoists and electric hoists. Manual hoists are generally suitable for occasions where the lifting weight is not large or for short-term use. Electric hoists are generally suitable for occasions where the lifting weight is relatively large and the lifting height is relatively high.
  • the hoist is usually composed of a transmission device, a pulling chain, a hook and a hook, among which the transmission device, as the most important structure of the hoist, plays a role in reducing the hand pulling force.
  • the applicant’s patent application with the notification number CN212151445U discloses a hand chain hoist, which uses a transmission device composed of a primary gear and two secondary gears to complete the power transmission, which can not only greatly reduce the hand pulling force, but also It has the advantages of compact structure, high strength, light weight, good sealing, long life and good chain guiding effect.
  • the applicant has found in long-term practice that the above-mentioned hand chain block has a limited ability to reduce the hand pulling force when dealing with heavy objects, mainly because the number of transmission gear teeth in the transmission device is relatively small, and the deceleration and force reduction cannot be achieved well.
  • the current commonly used solution is to increase the diameter of the transmission gear to increase the gear ratio, but the increase in the diameter of the transmission gear will inevitably increase the space occupation, that is, increase the volume of the transmission device, making the The shape of the transmission device becomes fat, the appearance is poor, and it is not conducive to handling.
  • the purpose of the utility model is to provide a reduction transmission device and a hoist, which has a compact structure, and can obtain a larger reduction ratio in a small space. The deceleration effect is better.
  • the reduction transmission device includes a casing and a long shaft arranged in the casing, a gear transmission mechanism, a lifting sprocket, a power sprocket and a braking device for one-way braking the long shaft.
  • the lifting sprocket is sleeved on the long shaft and Gap fit with the long shaft, the power sprocket is fixedly connected with the long shaft;
  • the gear transmission mechanism includes a first-stage gear set, a second-stage gear set and a third-stage gear set sequentially arranged from the outer end of the long shaft to the inner side;
  • the primary gear set includes a long shaft gear fixedly connected to the outer end of the long shaft and two primary gears meshing with the long shaft gear;
  • the secondary gear set includes two intermediate gears and two piece gears meshing with the intermediate gear, the intermediate gear It is fixedly connected with the first-stage gear;
  • the third-stage gear set includes the flower hole gear and two short shaft gears meshing with the flower hole gear. , the flower hole gear is fixedly connected with the lifting sprocket.
  • the principle of the utility model is that the power sprocket is the input end of the device.
  • the chain is pulled by hand or electric drive to drive the power sprocket to rotate.
  • the power sprocket is fixedly connected to the long axis, Therefore, the rotation of the power sprocket can drive the long shaft to rotate, and the long shaft then transmits the power to the gear transmission mechanism, so that the long shaft gear rotates with the long shaft, and the long shaft gear drives two first-stage gears meshing with it to rotate, and the first-stage
  • the rotation of the gear drives the piece gear to rotate through the intermediate gear
  • the rotation of the piece gear drives the flower hole gear to rotate through the short shaft gear. Since the flower hole gear is fixedly connected with the lifting sprocket, the rotation of the flower hole gear will drive the lifting sprocket to rotate, thereby Realize the lifting of the lifting chain.
  • This scheme realizes three-stage speed reduction through the first-stage gear set, the second-stage gear set and the third-stage gear set.
  • this transmission device provides a larger gear ratio, which can reduce the hand pulling force when lifting heavy objects. Or the electric driving force, which is lighter and labor-saving when used, improves the lifting efficiency and reduces the labor intensity of the staff.
  • the design of the overall structure of the device is reasonable, the length of the major axis in the axial direction increases slightly, the width in the radial direction does not change, the volume of the whole device does not change much, and the structure is compact, and in a small space, the obtained With a larger reduction ratio, the transmission can be made compact while adding a first-stage transmission structure to make the reduction effect better, especially for heavy objects with a weight of 1 ton or more.
  • the housing is fixedly connected with a first wallboard and a second wallboard
  • the first wallboard is located between the first-stage gear set and the second-stage gear set, and both the first-stage gear and the piece gear are in rotation with the first wallboard
  • the second wallboard is located between the three-stage gear set and the hoisting sprocket
  • the minor shaft gear is rotatably matched with the second wallboard.
  • the primary gear set, the secondary gear set and the tertiary gear set are separated by the first wall plate and the second wall plate to avoid interference and provide support for the transmission mechanism.
  • the two first-stage gears are respectively located at two opposite corners of the first wallboard, so that the two first-stage gears are obliquely aligned, thereby reducing the space occupied by the two first-stage gears in height and width, so that The internal structure of the device is more compact, reducing the volume of the device.
  • the housing includes a cover body and a left end cover and a right end cover fixedly connected to both ends of the cover body.
  • An installation groove is provided inside the left end cover, and a positioning connecting plate is detachably connected to the installation groove.
  • the long-axis gear and the two first-stage gears are both It is rotatably matched with the positioning connecting plate.
  • the positioning connecting plate limits the position of the long axis gear and the two first-stage gears to ensure the running stability, and through the cooperation between the installation groove and the positioning connecting plate, the rapid positioning between the left end cover and the cover can be realized to improve the assembly efficiency .
  • the braking device includes a brake seat, a friction plate I, a ratchet wheel, a friction plate II, and a pawl spring and a pawl fixed in the casing by a pawl pin.
  • the brake seat is fixedly sleeved on the long axis, and the friction plate I, The ratchet and the friction plate II are sleeved on the brake seat in turn, and the friction plate I, the ratchet and the friction plate II are clamped between the brake seat and the power sprocket, and the pawl is stuck on the ratchet.
  • a spline sleeve is provided between the flower hole gear and the long shaft, and the spline sleeve is formed by a part extending from the hoisting sprocket to the side of the flower hole gear.
  • External splines are arranged on the outer contour, and internal splines adapted to the spline sleeve are arranged on the inner hole of the flower hole gear.
  • a stepped groove is provided on the inner side of the cover body, the second wallboard is clamped in the stepped groove, a through hole is provided in the middle of the second wallboard, and a shaft sleeve is rotatably fitted between the through hole and the spline sleeve.
  • the utility model also discloses a hoisting hoist, which comprises the above-mentioned reduction transmission device, a hoisting chain and a power chain, wherein the hoisting chain meshes with the hoisting sprocket, and the power chain meshes with the power sprocket.
  • the lower end of the lifting chain is fixedly connected with a lower hook, and the lower hook is a mechanical self-locking hook.
  • the anti-off effect of the hook in this solution is better, and the locking method is more precise. Stablize.
  • this scheme increases the reduction ratio by adding a first-stage transmission gear set, which makes it lighter and labor-saving when used, improves lifting efficiency, and reduces the labor of the staff. strength.
  • Fig. 1 is the explosion schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment
  • Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the utility model embodiment
  • Fig. 3 is the internal structure schematic diagram of utility model embodiment
  • Fig. 4 is the cooperating schematic diagram of primary gear set and major shaft gear in the embodiment
  • Fig. 5 is the cooperating schematic diagram of secondary gear and tertiary gear set in the embodiment
  • Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the left end cap in the embodiment.
  • Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of braking device in the embodiment.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the lifting hoist in the embodiment.
  • This embodiment provides a reduction transmission device, including a housing and a long shaft 10 arranged in the housing, a gear transmission mechanism, a lifting sprocket 40, a power sprocket 50 and a braking device 60 for one-way braking the long shaft 10 , the hoisting sprocket 40 is sleeved on the long shaft 10 and rotates with the long shaft 10, and the power sprocket 50 is fixedly connected with the long shaft 10;
  • the gear transmission mechanism includes a first-stage gear arranged in sequence from the outer end of the long shaft 10 to the inner side group, a secondary gear set and a three-stage gear set;
  • the primary gear set includes a major axis gear 11 fixedly connected to the outer end of the major axis 10 and two primary gears 12 meshing with the major axis gear 11;
  • the secondary gear set includes two An intermediate gear 13 and two piece gears 14 meshed with the intermediate gear 13, the intermediate gear 13 is fixedly connected with the first-stage gear 12;
  • the casing includes a left end cover 101, a cover body 102 and a right end cover 103.
  • the long axis 10 the gear transmission mechanism, the lifting sprocket 40, the power sprocket 50 and the braking device 60 are all mounted on the cover body 102.
  • the left end cover 101 and the right end cover 103 are respectively sealed on the two ends of the cover body 102 by fasteners such as screws, wherein the structure of the shell, the lifting sprocket 40, the power sprocket 50 and the like have been applied for by the applicant (CN212151445U ) are the same, and will not be repeated in this embodiment.
  • the long axis 10 is arranged laterally in the middle of the casing, and the gear transmission mechanism, lifting sprocket 40, braking device 60 and power sprocket 50 are arranged on the long axis 10 in sequence from left to right, specifically,
  • the middle part of the lifting sprocket 40 extends to the left and right sides respectively to form a shaft installation structure, and the position corresponding to the lifting sprocket 40 is provided with an installation shaft hole in the housing, and the shaft installation structures at both ends of the lifting sprocket 40 pass through the shaft hole
  • the matching method is rotationally matched with the installation shaft hole, and a shaft sleeve is installed between the shaft installation structure and the casing, so that the lifting sprocket 40 is stably installed on the casing.
  • the major axis 10 is rotatably fitted in the inner hole of the lifting sprocket 40 , and the inner hole of the lifting sprocket 40 provides support for the major axis 10 to realize the positioning of the major axis 10 in the radial direction.
  • the left end of the long shaft 10 is rotatably fitted with a positioning connecting plate 17 through the shaft hole.
  • the long-axis gear 11 is integrally formed on the left end of the long-axis 10, and the left side of the casing is fixedly connected with a first wallboard 20 by screws.
  • the first wallboard 20 is located on the right side of the long-axis gear 11 and is connected with The right side of the long shaft gear 11 is offset, so that the positioning of the long shaft 10 in the axial direction is realized through the first wall board 20 and the positioning connecting plate 17 .
  • two first-stage gears 12 are rotatably mounted on the left side of the first wallboard 20 , and both of the two first-stage gears 12 mesh with the long-axis gear 11 .
  • the two first-stage gears 12 are respectively located at opposite corners of the lower left corner and upper right corner of the first wall panel 20, so as to reduce the occupied space of the first-stage gear 12 in height and width, and make the internal structure of the device It is more compact and reduces the volume of the device.
  • the two first-stage gears 12 are rotatably matched with the positioning connecting plate 17 to realize the position limitation of the first-stage gear 12 and ensure its running stability.
  • the centers of the two primary gears 12 are fixedly connected with a central shaft, the central shaft passes through the first wallboard 20 and extends to the right side of the first wallboard 20, and the two intermediate gears 13 are fixedly connected with the two central shafts respectively , referring to FIG. 5 , the positions of the two sun gears are opposite to the position of the primary gear 12 and are respectively located at the upper left and lower right of the first wall panel 20 .
  • the two piece gears 14 are all rotatably mounted on the right side of the first wallboard 20 through shaft holes, and the two piece gears 14 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the major axis 10 and are respectively connected to The two intermediate gears 13 mesh, and the two stub gears 15 are coaxially fixed on the right ends of the two plate gears 14 respectively.
  • the flower hole gear 16 is located on the right side of the piece gear 14 and rotates with the long shaft 10.
  • An external spline an internal spline is provided at the inner hole of the spline gear 16 and is sleeved on the spline sleeve, and the rotation limit between the spline gear 16 and the spline sleeve is realized by the spline.
  • the second wallboard 30 is located on the right side of the flower hole gear 16, specifically, a stepped groove is provided at the position where the casing is facing the second wallboard 30 , the second wallboard 30 is embedded in the stepped groove from left to right to realize the positioning of the second wallboard 30 , the middle part of the second wallboard 30 is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is sleeved on the shaft type installation structure at the left end of the lifting sprocket 40 , and a shaft sleeve is also arranged in the through hole.
  • Both the intermediate gear 13 and the right end of the short shaft gear 15 are rotatably matched with the second wallboard 30 through a shaft-hole fit.
  • the braking device 60 is located between the power sprocket 50 and the lifting sprocket 40, specifically, the braking device 60 includes a brake seat 604, two friction plates 603, a ratchet 602, and a pawl spring and pawl 601, the two friction plates 603 are friction plate I and friction plate II respectively, the brake seat 604 includes a seat cover and a baffle integrally formed on the left side of the seat cover, and the seat cover is fixed by screw or spline fit.
  • the friction plate I, the ratchet 602 and the friction plate II are sequentially sleeved on the seat sleeve, and the friction plate I, the ratchet 602, and the friction plate II are clamped between the brake seat 604 and the power sprocket 50 , referring to FIG. 3 , the pawl 601 is hinged inside the housing through a pin shaft and a spring of the pawl 601 (not shown in the figure).
  • the power sprocket 50 is located on the right side of the braking device 60, and is fixedly sleeved on the long shaft 10 by means of screw fixing or spline fit. The sprocket 50 is locked on the major axis 10 .
  • the principle of this utility model is that the power sprocket 50 is the input end of the device.
  • the chain is pulled by hand or electric drive to drive the power sprocket 50 to rotate, and the power sprocket 50 rotates to drive the long axis 10 rotates, and the long shaft 10 transmits power to the gear transmission mechanism, so that the long shaft gear 11 rotates together with the long shaft 10, and the long shaft gear 11 drives two first-stage gears 12 meshing with it to rotate, and the first-stage gear 12 rotates
  • the intermediate gear 13 drives the piece gear 14 to rotate, and the piece gear 14 rotates to drive the flower hole gear 16 to rotate through the short axis gear 15. Since the flower hole gear 16 is fixedly connected with the lifting sprocket 40, the rotation of the flower hole gear 16 will drive the The heavy sprocket 40 rotates, thereby realizing the lifting of the lifting chain 80 .
  • This scheme realizes three-stage speed reduction through the first-stage gear set, the second-stage gear set and the third-stage gear set.
  • this transmission device provides a larger gear ratio, which can reduce the hand pulling force when lifting heavy objects. Or the electric driving force, which is lighter and labor-saving when used, improves the lifting efficiency and reduces the labor intensity of the staff.
  • the design of the overall structure of the device is reasonable, the length of the major axis 10 increases slightly in the axial direction, the width in the radial direction does not change, the volume of the whole device does not change much, and the structure is compact. In a small space, To obtain a larger reduction ratio, the shape of the transmission device can be made small and at the same time, a one-stage transmission structure can be added to make the reduction effect better.
  • this embodiment also discloses a lifting hoist, including the above-mentioned reduction transmission device, a lifting chain 80 and a power chain 70, the lifting chain 80 meshes with the lifting sprocket 40, the power chain 70 and the power chain The wheels 50 are engaged, and the driving force of the power chain 70 can be manual or electric.
  • the top of the housing of the deceleration transmission device is provided with an upper hook 90, and the lower end of the lifting chain 80 is fixedly connected with a lower hook 91, and the lower hook 91 is a mechanical self-locking hook, which is an existing structure, and will not be repeated in this embodiment.
  • the hook in this solution has a better effect of preventing detachment, and the locking method is also more stable.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

一种减速传动装置，包括外壳、长轴（10）、齿轮传动机构、起重链轮（40）、动力链轮（50）以及制动装置（60），齿轮传动机构包括一级齿轮组、二级齿轮组和三级齿轮组；一级齿轮组包括长轴齿轮（11）以及两个一级齿轮（12）；二级齿轮组包括两个中间齿轮（13）以及片齿轮（14），中间齿轮与一级齿轮固定连接；三级齿轮组包括花孔齿轮（16）以及两个短轴齿轮（15），花孔齿轮与长轴转动配合，两个短轴齿轮分别与两个片齿轮固定连接，花孔齿轮与起重链轮固定连接。一种起重葫芦，包括上述的减速传动装置、起重链条和动力链条。该装置结构紧凑，在很小的空间内，得到更大的减速比，将传动装置外形做得小巧的同时增加一级传动结构，减速效果更好。

Description

减速传动装置及起重葫芦 技术领域
本实用新型属于起重葫芦技术领域，尤其涉及一种减速传动装置及起重葫芦。
背景技术
葫芦作为一种小型起重机械设备，因其使用简单、携带方便已在很多行业及场合得到广泛应用，主要适用于工厂、矿山、建筑工地、码头、船坞、仓库等场所，用于安装机器、起吊货物等。葫芦主要分为手动葫芦和电动葫芦，手动葫芦一般适用于起吊重物重量不大或者短期使用的场合，电动葫芦一般适用于起吊重量较大提升高度相对较高的场合。
葫芦通常由传动装置、拉动链条、吊钩和挂钩等组成，其中，传动装置作为葫芦最重要的结构，起到降低手拉力的作用。例如，申请人申请的公告号为CN212151445U的专利公开了一种手拉葫芦，利用一个一级齿轮和两个二级齿轮等组成的传动装置完成动力的传递，不仅可以大幅度降低手拉力，还具有结构紧凑、强度高、质量轻、密封性好、寿命长以及导链效果好等优点。
但是申请人在长期实践中发现，上述手拉葫芦针对于重量较大的重物时降低手拉力的能力有限，主要是由于传动装置中的传动齿轮齿数比较小，无法较好的实现减速降力，针对上述问题，目前常用的解决方式为增大传动齿轮的直径，以提高齿数比，但是传动齿轮直径的增大不可避免的会增大空间占位，即增大了传动装置的体积，使传动装置的外形变得肥大，观感较差，且不利于搬运。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种减速传动装置及起重葫芦，结构紧凑，在很小的空间内，得到更大的减速比，可以将传动装置外形做得小巧的同时增加一级传动结构，减速效果更好。
为了达到上述目的，本实用新型的技术方案如下：
减速传动装置，包括外壳以及设置于外壳内的长轴、齿轮传动机构、起重链轮、动力链轮以及单向制动长轴的制动装置，起重链轮套设在长轴上并与长轴间隙配合，动力链轮与长轴固定连接；
齿轮传动机构包括由长轴外端至内侧依次设置的一级齿轮组、二级齿轮组和三级齿轮组；
一级齿轮组包括固定连接于长轴外端的长轴齿轮以及两个与长轴齿轮啮合的一级齿轮；二级齿轮组包括两个中间齿轮以及两个与中间齿轮啮合的片齿轮，中间齿轮与一级齿轮固定连接； 三级齿轮组包括花孔齿轮以及两个与花孔齿轮啮合的短轴齿轮，花孔齿轮与长轴转动配合，两个短轴齿轮分别与两个片齿轮固定连接，花孔齿轮与起重链轮固定连接。
基于上述方案，本实用新型的原理为，动力链轮为本装置的输入端，使用时，通过手拉或者电动驱动的方式拉动链条带动动力链轮转动，由于动力链轮与长轴固定连接，因此动力链轮转动可带动长轴转动,长轴再将动力传递至齿轮传动机构，使长轴齿轮随着长轴一起转动，长轴齿轮则带动两个与其啮合的一级齿轮转动，一级齿轮转动通过中间齿轮带动片齿轮转动，片齿轮转动再通过短轴齿轮带动花孔齿轮转动，由于花孔齿轮与起重链轮固定连接，因此花孔齿轮转动会带动起重链轮转动，从而实现起重链条的升降。
本方案通过一级齿轮组、二级齿轮组和三级齿轮组实现三级降速，与传统二级传动装置比，本传动装置提供了更大的齿数比，提升重物时可以降低手拉力或者电动驱动力，使用时更加轻巧省力，提高起重效率，减小工作人员的劳动强度。并且，本装置整体结构设计合理，在轴向方向上长轴的长度有少量增加，径向方向上的宽度没有变化，整个装置的体积变化不大，结构紧凑，在很小的空间内，得到更大的减速比，可以将传动装置外形做得小巧的同时增加一级传动结构，使其减速效果更好，特别是针对于重物重量达到1吨或以上的情况。
优选地，外壳内固定连接有第一墙板和第二墙板，第一墙板位于一级齿轮组和二级齿轮组之间，一级齿轮和片齿轮均与第一墙板转动配合，第二墙板位于三级齿轮组和起重链轮之间，短轴齿轮与第二墙板转动配合。通过第一墙板和第二墙板对一级齿轮组、二级齿轮组和三级齿轮组进行分隔，避免产生干涉，并为传动机构提供支撑。
优选地，两个一级齿轮分别位于第一墙板的两个对角处，使两个一级齿轮斜向对齐，进而减小两个一级齿轮在高度以及宽度上的占位空间，使装置内部结构更为紧凑，减小装置体积。
优选地，外壳包括罩体以及固定连接于罩体两端的左端盖和右端盖，左端盖内侧设有安装槽，安装槽内可拆卸连接有定位连接板，长轴齿轮和两个一级齿轮均与定位连接板转动配合。定位连接板将长轴齿轮和两个一级齿轮进行限位，保证运行稳定性，并且通过安装槽和定位连接板之间的配合可以实现左端盖与罩体之间的快速定位，提高装配效率。
优选地，制动装置包括制动器座、摩擦片Ⅰ、棘轮、摩擦片Ⅱ以及通过棘爪销固定在外壳内的棘爪弹簧和棘爪，制动器座固定套设在长轴上，摩擦片Ⅰ、棘轮、摩擦片Ⅱ依次套设在制动器座上，且摩擦片Ⅰ、棘轮、摩擦片Ⅱ被夹紧在制动器座与动力链轮之间，棘爪卡在棘轮上。
优选地，花孔齿轮与长轴之间设有花键套，花键套为起重链轮向花孔齿轮一侧延伸的部分构成，花键套转动套设于长轴上，花键套外轮廓上设有外花键，花孔齿轮内孔设有与花键套适配的内花键。通过花键配合实现花孔齿轮与起重链轮之间的转动限位，配合稳定。
优选地，罩体内侧设有阶梯槽，第二墙板卡接于阶梯槽内，第二墙板中部设有通孔，通孔与花键套之间转动配合有轴套。
本实用新型还公开了一种起重葫芦，包括上述的减速传动装置、起重链条和动力链条，起重链条与起重链轮啮合，动力链条与动力链轮啮合。
优选地，起重链条下端固定连接有下挂钩，所述下挂钩为机械自锁式挂钩，与传统起重葫芦的挂钩相比，本方案中的挂钩防脱效果更好，锁止方式也更加稳定。
本方案的有益效果：本方案在不增大装置体积的前提下，通过增加了一级传动齿轮组，增大了减速比，使用时更加轻巧省力，提高起重效率，减小工作人员的劳动强度。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型实施例的***示意图；
图2为本实用新型实施例的剖视图；
图3为实用新型实施例的内部结构示意图；
图4为实施例中一级齿轮组和长轴齿轮的配合示意图；
图5为实施例中二级齿轮和三级齿轮组的配合示意图；
图6为实施例中左端盖的示意图；
图7为实施例中制动装置的示意图；
图8为实施例中起重葫芦的示意图。
说明书附图中的附图标记包括：长轴10、长轴齿轮11、一级齿轮12、中间齿轮13、片齿轮14、短轴齿轮15、花孔齿轮16、定位连接板17、安装槽18、第一墙板20、第二墙板30、起重链轮40、动力链轮50、制动装置60、棘爪601、棘轮602、摩擦片603、制动器座604、动力链条70、起重链条80、上挂钩90、下挂钩91、左端盖101、罩体102、右端盖103。
具体实施方式
将参照附图详细描述根据本实用新型的各个实施例。这里，需要注意的是，在附图中，将相同的附图标记赋予基本上具有相同或类似结构和功能的组成部分，并且将省略关于它们的重复描述。术语“依次包括A、B、C等”仅指示所包括的部件A、B、C等的排列顺序，并不排除在A和B之间和/或B和C之间包括其它部件的可能性。“第一”及其变体的 描述仅仅是为了区分各部件，并不限制本实用新型的范围，在不脱离本实用新型的范围的情况下，“第一部件”可以写为“第二部件”等。
本说明书的附图为示意图，辅助说明本实用新型的构思，示意性地表示各部分的形状及其相互关系。
下面，参照图1-图8，详细描述根据本实用新型的优选实施方式。
本实施例提供了一种减速传动装置，包括外壳以及设置于外壳内的长轴10、齿轮传动机构、起重链轮40、动力链轮50以及单向制动长轴10的制动装置60，起重链轮40套设在长轴10上并与长轴10转动配合，动力链轮50与长轴10固定连接；齿轮传动机构包括由长轴10外端至内侧依次设置的一级齿轮组、二级齿轮组和三级齿轮组；一级齿轮组包括固定连接于长轴10外端的长轴齿轮11以及两个与长轴齿轮11啮合的一级齿轮12；二级齿轮组包括两个中间齿轮13以及两个与中间齿轮13啮合的片齿轮14，中间齿轮13与一级齿轮12固定连接；三级齿轮组包括花孔齿轮16以及两个与花孔齿轮16啮合的短轴齿轮15，花孔齿轮16与长轴10转动配合，两个短轴齿轮15分别与两个片齿轮14固定连接，花孔齿轮16与起重链轮40固定连接。
参见图1，外壳包括左端盖101、罩体102和右端盖103，装配时，长轴10、齿轮传动机构、起重链轮40、动力链轮50以及制动装置60均安装在罩体102内，然后左端盖101和右端盖103分别通过螺钉等紧固件封盖在罩体102两端，其中，外壳、起重链轮40、动力链轮50等结构与申请人已申请专利(CN212151445U)中的结构相同，本实施例中不再赘述。
参见图2和图3，长轴10横向设置于外壳中部，齿轮传动机构、起重链轮40、制动装置60和动力链轮50从左至右依次设置于长轴10上，具体地，起重链轮40中部分别向左右两侧延伸形成轴类安装结构，外壳内对应起重链轮40的位置处设有安装轴孔，起重链轮40两端的轴类安装结构均通过轴孔配合的方式与安装轴孔转动配合，并且在轴类安装结构与外壳之间安装有轴套，使起重链轮40稳定的安装于外壳上。
其中，长轴10转动配合于起重链轮40的内孔中，起重链轮40的内孔为长轴10提供支撑作用，实现长轴10径向方向上的定位。在轴向方向上，长轴10左端通过轴孔配合的方式转动配合有定位连接板17，参见图6，左端盖101内侧开设有安装槽18，定位连接板17嵌入安装槽18中，实现长轴10左端的限位。参见图2，长轴齿轮11一体成型于长轴10的左端部上，外壳内的左侧通过螺钉固定连接有第一墙板20，第一墙板20位于长轴齿轮11的右侧且与长轴齿轮11右侧面相抵，从而通过第一墙板20和定位连接板17实现长轴10在 轴向方向的定位。
参见图3和图4，两个一级齿轮12转动安装于第一墙板20的左侧面上，且两个一级齿轮12均与长轴齿轮11啮合。在一些实施例中，两个一级齿轮12分别位于第一墙板20左下角和右上角的对角处，以减小一级齿轮12在高度以及宽度上的占位空间，使装置内部结构更为紧凑，减小装置体积。
在一些实施例中，两个一级齿轮12均与定位连接板17转动配合，实现一级齿轮12的限位，保证其运行稳定性。
两个一级齿轮12中心处均固定连接有中心轴，中心轴穿过第一墙板20伸出至第一墙板20右侧，两个中间齿轮13分别与两个中心轴同轴固定连接，参见图5，两个中心齿轮的位置与一级齿轮12的位置相对分别位于第一墙板20的左上部和右下部。
参见图3和图5，两个片齿轮14均通过轴孔配合的方式转动安装在第一墙板20的右侧面上，并且两个片齿轮14分别位于长轴10左右两侧并分别与两个中间齿轮13啮合，而两个短轴齿轮15分别同轴固定在两个片齿轮14的右端。
其中，花孔齿轮16位于片齿轮14的右侧并与长轴10转动配合，具体地，参见图2，起重链轮40向左延伸的轴类安装结构为花键套，其表面设有外花键，花孔齿轮16的内孔处设有内花键并套设在花键套上，通过花键实现花孔齿轮16与花键套之间的转动限位。
参见图2和图3，外壳内还设有第二墙板30，第二墙板30位于花孔齿轮16的右侧，具体地，外壳正对第二墙板30的位置处设有阶梯槽，第二墙板30从左向右嵌入阶梯槽中，实现第二墙板30的定位，第二墙板30中部设有通孔，通孔套在起重链轮40左端的轴类安装结构上，且通孔内还设有轴套。中间齿轮13和短轴齿轮15右端均通过轴孔配合方式与第二墙板30转动配合。
参见图2和图7，制动装置60设于动力链轮50和起重链轮40之间，具体地，制动装置60包括制动器座604、两个摩擦片603、棘轮602、棘爪弹簧和棘爪601，两个摩擦片603分别为摩擦片Ⅰ和摩擦片Ⅱ，制动器座604包括座套和一体成型于座套左侧的挡板，座套通过螺钉固定或者花键配合等方式固定套接在长轴10上，摩擦片Ⅰ、棘轮602和摩擦片Ⅱ依次套接座套上，并且摩擦片Ⅰ、棘轮602、摩擦片Ⅱ被夹紧在制动器座604与动力链轮50之间，参见图3，棘爪601通过销轴和棘爪601弹簧(图中未示出)铰接在外壳内侧，棘爪601有两个并分别卡在棘轮602上。
动力链轮50位于制动装置60的右侧，并通过螺钉固定或者花键配合等方式固定套接在长轴10上，长轴10右端还螺纹固接有锁紧螺母，锁紧螺母将动力链轮50锁紧在长轴 10上。
基于上述方案，本实用新型的原理为，动力链轮50为本装置的输入端，使用时，通过手拉或者电动驱动的方式拉动链条带动动力链轮50转动，动力链轮50转动带动长轴10转动，长轴10再将动力传递至齿轮传动机构，使长轴齿轮11随着长轴10一起转动，长轴齿轮11则带动两个与其啮合的一级齿轮12转动，一级齿轮12转动通过中间齿轮13带动片齿轮14转动，片齿轮14转动再通过短轴齿轮15带动花孔齿轮16转动，由于花孔齿轮16与起重链轮40固定连接，因此花孔齿轮16转动会带动起重链轮40转动，从而实现起重链条80的升降。
本方案通过一级齿轮组、二级齿轮组和三级齿轮组实现三级降速，与传统二级传动装置比，本传动装置提供了更大的齿数比，提升重物时可以降低手拉力或者电动驱动力，使用时更加轻巧省力，提高起重效率，减小工作人员的劳动强度。并且，本装置整体结构设计合理，在轴向方向上长轴10的长度有少量增加，径向方向上的宽度没有变化，整个装置的体积变化不大，结构紧凑，在很小的空间内，得到更大的减速比，可以将传动装置外形做得小巧的同时增加一级传动结构，使其减速效果更好。
参见图8，本实施例还公开了一种起重葫芦，包括上述的减速传动装置、起重链条80和动力链条70，起重链条80与起重链轮40啮合，动力链条70与动力链轮50啮合，动力链条70的驱动力可以为手动或者电动。
减速传动装置的外壳顶部设有上挂钩90，起重链条80的下端固定连接有下挂钩91，且下挂钩91为机械自锁式挂钩，其为现有结构，本实施例中不再赘述，与传统起重葫芦的挂钩相比，本方案中的挂钩防脱效果更好，锁止方式也更加稳定。
以上详细描述了本实用新型的较佳具体实施例。应当理解，本领域的普通技术人员无需创造性劳动就可以根据本实用新型的构思作出诸多修改和变化。因此，凡本技术领域中技术人员依本实用新型的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案，皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 减速传动装置，其特征在于：包括外壳以及设置于外壳内的长轴(10)、齿轮传动机构、起重链轮(40)、动力链轮(50)以及单向制动长轴(10)的制动装置(60)，起重链轮(40)套设在长轴(10)上并与长轴(10)转动配合，动力链轮(50)与长轴(10)固定连接；
    齿轮传动机构包括由长轴(10)外端至内侧依次设置的一级齿轮组、二级齿轮组和三级齿轮组；
    一级齿轮组包括固定连接于长轴(10)外端的长轴齿轮(11)以及两个与长轴齿轮(11)啮合的一级齿轮(12)；二级齿轮组包括两个中间齿轮(13)以及两个与中间齿轮(13)啮合的片齿轮(14)，中间齿轮(13)与一级齿轮(12)固定连接；三级齿轮组包括花孔齿轮(16)以及两个与花孔齿轮(16)啮合的短轴齿轮(15)，花孔齿轮(16)与长轴(10)转动配合，两个短轴齿轮(15)分别与两个片齿轮(14)固定连接，花孔齿轮(16)与起重链轮(40)固定连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的减速传动装置，其特征在于：外壳内固定连接有第一墙板(20)和第二墙板(30)，第一墙板(20)位于一级齿轮组和二级齿轮组之间，一级齿轮(12)和片齿轮(14)均与第一墙板(20)转动配合，第二墙板(30)位于三级齿轮组和起重链轮(40)之间，短轴齿轮(15)与第二墙板(30)转动配合。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的减速传动装置，其特征在于：两个一级齿轮(12)分别位于第一墙板(20)的两个对角处。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的减速传动装置，其特征在于：外壳包括罩体(102)以及固定连接于罩体(102)两端的左端盖(101)和右端盖(103)，左端盖(101)内侧设有安装槽(18)，安装槽(18)内可拆卸连接有定位连接板(17)，长轴齿轮(11)和两个一级齿轮(12)均与定位连接板(17)转动配合。
  5. 根据权利要求1、2或3所述的减速传动装置，其特征在于：制动装置(60)包括制动器座(604)、摩擦片Ⅰ、棘轮(602)、摩擦片Ⅱ以及通过棘爪(601)销固定在外壳内的棘爪(601)弹簧和棘爪(601)，制动器座(604)固定套设在长轴(10)上，摩擦片Ⅰ、棘轮(602)、摩擦片Ⅱ依次套设在制动器座(604)上，且摩擦片Ⅰ、棘轮(602)、摩擦片Ⅱ被夹紧在制动器座(604)与动力链轮(50)之间，棘爪(601)卡在棘轮(602)上。
  6. 根据权利要求2或3所述的减速传动装置，其特征在于：花孔齿轮(16)与长轴(10)之间设有花键套，花键套为起重链轮(40)向花孔齿轮(16)一侧延伸的部分构成，花键套转动套设于长轴(10)上，花键套外轮廓上设有外花键，花孔齿轮(16)内孔设有与花键套适配的内花键。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的减速传动装置，其特征在于：罩体(102)内侧设有阶梯槽，第二墙板(30)卡接于阶梯槽内，第二墙板(30)中部设有通孔，通孔与花键套之间转动配合有轴套。
  8. 一种起重葫芦，其特征在于：包括权利要求1-7所述的减速传动装置、起重链条(80)和动力链条(70)，起重链条(80)与起重链轮(40)啮合，动力链条(70)与动力链轮(50)啮合。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的起重葫芦，其特征在于：起重链条(80)下端固定连接有下挂钩(91)。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的起重葫芦，其特征在于：所述下挂钩(91)为机械自锁式挂钩。
PCT/CN2021/121756 2021-07-30 2021-09-29 减速传动装置及起重葫芦 WO2023004990A1 (zh)

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CN106044604A (zh) * 2015-04-08 2016-10-26 (株)大山Inotec 具备三级减速器的链式电动起重机
CN212151445U (zh) * 2020-05-11 2020-12-15 重庆美和机电有限公司 一种手拉葫芦

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US3370832A (en) * 1966-01-12 1968-02-27 Ingersoll Rand Co Hoists
FR2045798A1 (zh) * 1969-06-02 1971-03-05 Pruitt Dana
CN2918369Y (zh) * 2006-05-09 2007-07-04 陈耀德 一种电动葫芦
CN103318786A (zh) * 2013-05-09 2013-09-25 赤壁市蒲圻起重运输机械有限责任公司 Di型环链电动葫芦
CN106044604A (zh) * 2015-04-08 2016-10-26 (株)大山Inotec 具备三级减速器的链式电动起重机
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