WO2022242781A1 - 镜筒及激光切割头 - Google Patents

镜筒及激光切割头 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022242781A1
WO2022242781A1 PCT/CN2022/101730 CN2022101730W WO2022242781A1 WO 2022242781 A1 WO2022242781 A1 WO 2022242781A1 CN 2022101730 W CN2022101730 W CN 2022101730W WO 2022242781 A1 WO2022242781 A1 WO 2022242781A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pair
lens
assembly
passage
laser cutting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/101730
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蒋修青
朱小杰
Original Assignee
岗春激光科技（江苏）有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 岗春激光科技（江苏）有限公司 filed Critical 岗春激光科技（江苏）有限公司
Priority to US18/041,640 priority Critical patent/US20230321754A1/en
Priority to DE112022000101.1T priority patent/DE112022000101T5/de
Publication of WO2022242781A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022242781A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
    • G02B7/04—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
    • B23K26/0648—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms comprising lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/0006—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means to keep optical surfaces clean, e.g. by preventing or removing dirt, stains, contamination, condensation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
    • G02B7/028—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with means for compensating for changes in temperature or for controlling the temperature; thermal stabilisation

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of laser cutting equipment, for example, to a lens barrel and a laser cutting head.
  • laser cutting is widely used in metal cutting operations due to the characteristics of small thermal deformation of the cut material, non-contact processing and flexible processing.
  • the laser beam can have extremely strong energy at a very small point of action after being focused and shaped. Therefore, when the laser beam is irradiated on the metal material, the laser beam input The heat far exceeds the part reflected, conducted or diffused by the metal material, and the metal material is quickly heated to the degree of vaporization, and the evaporation forms holes. As the beam moves linearly with the material, the holes continuously form cuts, thereby realizing metal cutting.
  • auxiliary gas suitable for the material to be cut.
  • the auxiliary gas can not only produce exothermic chemical reaction and oxidize the material as the material to be cut, but also help to blow away the molten metal in the incision. scum.
  • the focal length of the laser beam of the laser cutting head is adjusted by adjusting the distance between the collimating lens and the focusing lens, and because most of the laser cutting operation environment is relatively harsh, the laser cutting head is in a dusty environment In the process of cutting, smoke and dust will also be generated. If the particles in the dust and smoke enter the laser cutting head and attach to the collimating lens or focusing lens, the laser cover is set on these particles, so that the particles will generate a lot of heat , if these high-temperature particles adhere to the lens for a long time, it will burn the higher-priced collimating lens or focusing lens, making the production efficiency low and the production cost high.
  • the application provides a lens barrel and a laser cutting head, which can solve the problems of low production efficiency and high production cost caused by particles in dust and smoke entering the laser cutting head and damaging the collimating lens or focusing lens with a higher price .
  • a lens barrel which includes a barrel, a pair of window lenses, a collimating lens, a focusing lens and a drive assembly
  • the barrel is provided with a passage through the barrel
  • a pair of windows Lenses are respectively arranged at both ends of the channel
  • a sealing part for sealing the channel is arranged between a pair of window lenses and the inner wall of the channel
  • the collimating lens and the focusing lens are sequentially arranged on the In the channel, the moving end of the driving assembly can move along the extending direction of the channel, and the cylinder is connected to the moving end of the driving assembly.
  • Another aspect of the present application also provides a laser cutting head, which includes an optical fiber assembly, a lens assembly, and a spray head assembly arranged in sequence, and the lens assembly includes the lens barrel as described above.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a laser cutting head provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a sectional view of A-A in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is the sectional view of B-B in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 5 is an exploded view of the lens assembly in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 6 is a partial view at R place among Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 7 is a partial view at S place in Fig. 4;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the lens assembly with the frame and cover plate removed in FIG. 5;
  • Fig. 9 is the bottom view of Fig. 8.
  • Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of C-C in Fig. 9 .
  • Cylinder body 221. Collimating lens; 222. Focusing lens; 223. Water cooling channel;
  • the first sealing part 241.
  • the first protective mirror module 2411.
  • the first protective mirror 242.
  • the second sealing part 251.
  • the second protective mirror module 2511.
  • the second protective mirror 252.
  • Nozzle assembly 31. The second connecting plate;
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated ; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated ; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • a first feature being "on” or “under” a second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, and may also include the first and second features Not in direct contact but through another characteristic contact between them.
  • “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature on the second feature include that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature.
  • “Below”, “beneath” and “under” the first feature to the second feature include that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.
  • This embodiment provides a laser cutting head, which includes an optical fiber assembly 1, a lens assembly 2, and a spray head assembly 3 arranged in sequence.
  • the lens assembly 2 includes a lens barrel, and the lens barrel can adjust the laser beam passing through the lens barrel. At the same time, it ensures the sealing performance of the lens barrel and the external environment, thereby improving the service life of the collimating lens and focusing lens, reducing the number of maintenance and replacement of the collimating lens and focusing lens, thereby improving production efficiency and reducing production costs. cost.
  • the lens barrel includes a cylinder body 22 , a pair of window lenses 291 , a collimating lens 221 , a focusing lens 222 and a driving assembly 27 .
  • the cylinder body 22 is provided with a passage through the cylinder body 22, a pair of window lenses 291 are respectively arranged at both ends of the passage, a sealing portion for sealing the passage is arranged between the pair of window lenses 291 and the inner wall of the passage, the collimating lens 221 and the focusing
  • the lenses 222 are sequentially arranged in the channel, the moving end of the driving assembly 27 can move along the extending direction of the channel, and the cylinder body 22 is connected to the moving end of the driving assembly 27, so that while the focus of the laser beam passing through the lens barrel can be adjusted, the The collimator lens 221 and the focus lens 222 are sealed in the channel, which ensures the sealing performance of the lens barrel and the external environment, thereby improving the service life of the collimator lens 221 and the focus lens 222, and
  • the end cap 292 and the window lens A wave spring 295 is arranged between 291, and the wave spring 295 is pressed on the window lens 291 by the end cover 292, which reduces the impact of vibration on the pair of window lenses 291, thus ensuring the connection between the pair of window lenses 291 and the inner wall of the channel.
  • the part of the cylinder 22 located between the collimating lens 221 and the focusing lens 222 is provided with a water cooling channel 223, and the inlet and outlet of the water cooling channel 223 are respectively
  • a water pipe joint 4 is connected to continuously cool the collimating lens 221 and the focusing lens 222 during the working process of the laser cutting head, thereby keeping the collimating lens 221 and the focusing lens 222 at a low temperature all the time, thereby improving the The service life of collimating lens 221 and focusing lens 222.
  • the laser cutting head can set the lens barrel in a sealed environment isolated from the outside world, thereby forming a double-layer sealing structure outside the collimating lens 221 and the focusing lens 222, thereby preventing the outside world from Particles in the dust and smoke in the environment enter the laser cutting head to prevent these particles from adhering to the more expensive collimating lens 221 or focusing lens 222, and avoid burning the collimating lens by particles in a high temperature state after being irradiated by the laser 221 or focusing lens 222, improve the service life of collimating lens 221 and focusing lens 222, reduce production cost and improve production efficiency.
  • the laser cutting head includes an optical fiber assembly 1 , a lens assembly 2 and a nozzle assembly 3 arranged in sequence.
  • the lens assembly 2 includes a frame and a lens barrel arranged in the frame.
  • the upper top surface and the lower bottom surface of the frame are respectively provided with a first port 2111 and a second port 2112, and are provided with a first passage communicating with the first port 2111 and the second port 2112, the lens barrel is arranged in the first passage, and The extending direction of the channel of the lens barrel is the same as that of the first channel, and the optical path in the optical fiber assembly 1 enters the spray head assembly 3 through the collimating lens 221 and the focusing lens 222 in sequence.
  • the optical fiber assembly 1 and the spray head assembly 3 are respectively connected to the upper top surface and the lower bottom surface of the frame through the first connecting plate 11 and the second connecting plate 31 .
  • the lens assembly 2 also includes a first sealing part 24 and a second sealing part 25, the first sealing part 24 can seal the first port 2111 of the first passage with the optical fiber assembly 1 when ensuring that the optical path of the optical fiber assembly 1 is connected to the first passage, and the second sealing part 25 can ensure that the optical path of the first passage is connected to the nozzle assembly 3 At this time, the second port 2112 of the first passage is sealed with the spray head assembly 3, thereby forming an inner chamber in the frame that seals the first passage from the outside, reducing the probability of particles in dust and smoke entering the first passage.
  • the first sealing portion 24 includes a first protective mirror module 241 , a pair of first annular grooves 242 , a pair of first sealing rings 243 and a first connecting plate 11 .
  • the first protective mirror module 241 includes a first protective mirror frame 2411 and a first protective mirror 2412, the first protective mirror 2412 is arranged in the mounting hole of the first protective mirror frame 2411, the top and bottom of the first protective mirror module 241 First annular grooves 242 are respectively provided, and a pair of first sealing rings 243 are respectively arranged in the pair of first annular grooves 242.
  • the first connecting plate 11 presses the first protective mirror module 241 against the frame, so that A pair of first sealing rings 243 are squeezed and defined in a pair of first annular grooves 242 by the first connecting plate 11 , so as to realize the sealing between the optical fiber assembly 1 and the lens assembly 2 .
  • the second sealing portion 25 includes a second protective mirror module 251 , a pair of second annular grooves 252 , a pair of second sealing rings 253 and a second connecting plate 31 .
  • the second protective mirror module 251 includes a second protective mirror frame 2511 and a second protective mirror 2512, the second protective mirror frame 2511 is provided with a through hole for placing the second protective mirror 2512, and the second protective mirror located near the through hole A pair of second annular grooves 252 are respectively provided on the top surface and the bottom surface of the mirror frame 2511 .
  • a pair of second sealing rings 253 are respectively arranged in a pair of second annular grooves 252, and the second connecting plate 31 presses the second protective mirror module 251 against the bottom surface of the frame, and is located at the bottom of the second protective mirror module 251
  • the second sealing ring 253 is squeezed by the second connecting plate 31 and is limited in the second annular groove 252 at the bottom of the second protective mirror frame 2511; the second sealing ring 253 at the top of the second protective mirror module 251 is pressed by the second
  • the pressure extrusion of the second connecting plate 31 received by the protective mirror frame 2511 is limited in the second annular groove 252 on the top surface of the second protective mirror frame 2511, that is, a pair of second sealing rings 253 are respectively pressed by the second connecting plate 31
  • the extrusion is defined within a pair of second annular grooves 252 .
  • the sealing portion between the pair of window lenses 291 and the inner wall of the channel includes a pair of third annular grooves 293 and a pair of third sealing rings 294 .
  • a pair of end caps 292 are respectively provided with third annular grooves 293 on the side walls abutting against the inner wall of the barrel 22 respectively.
  • a pair of third sealing rings 294 are respectively arranged in a pair of third annular grooves 293, and each third sealing ring 294 is squeezed and defined in a corresponding third annular groove 293 by the inner wall of the cylinder body 22, thereby ensuring The tightness between the cylinder body 22 and the first passage located outside the cylinder body 22 is ensured.
  • the frame in order to ensure the sealing between the first channel and the outside world and facilitate the maintenance and replacement of each lens assembly, includes a frame body 211 and a cover plate arranged on the frame body 211.
  • the frame body 211 The front side is respectively provided with a through hole for the cylinder body 22 to be inserted into the first passage from the front side, a through hole for the first protective mirror module 241 to be inserted into the first passage from the front side, and a through hole for the second protective mirror module 251 to be inserted from the front side.
  • the cover plate includes a front cover plate 2121 covering the front of the frame body 211, a pair of side cover plates 2122 covering the left and right sides of the frame body 211, and a pair of side cover plates 2122 arranged on the frame body 211. 211 the sealing cover plate 2123 between front cover plate 2121.
  • a pair of sealing cover plates 2123 are respectively covered on a pair of through holes for the first protective mirror module 241 and the second protective mirror module 251 to be inserted into the first passage from the front, and the pair of sealing cover plates 2123 respectively face the frame body
  • a pair of annular grooves are respectively arranged on the end face of the front of 211, which are arranged to seal the first protective mirror module 241 and the second protective mirror module 251 inserted into the first passage from the front, and a pair of annular grooves are respectively provided with sealing rings.
  • a pair of sealing cover plates 2123 squeeze and define a pair of sealing rings in a pair of annular grooves respectively.
  • a pair of grooves for accommodating a pair of sealing cover plates 2123 are provided on the end surface of the front cover plate 2121 facing the front of the frame body 211, and an annular groove is provided on the plate body between the pair of grooves of the front cover plate 2121 , the annular groove is set to seal the cylinder body 22 that is inserted into the through hole in the first passage from the front of the frame body 211, and a sealing ring is arranged in the annular groove.
  • the front cover plate 2121 squeezes the sealing ring in the annular groove on the plate body of the front cover 2121 to be limited in the annular groove, and presses a pair of sealing cover plates 2123 on the front of the frame body 211 .
  • This not only ensures the tightness between the first passage and the outside world, but also facilitates the maintenance and replacement of the barrel 22 , the first protective mirror module 241 and the second protective mirror module 251 .
  • the axis of the optical path of the optical fiber assembly 1 may deviate from the axis of the first path of the lens assembly 2 due to processing errors and assembly errors, so that the optical path of the optical fiber assembly 1
  • the middle part of the light beam irradiating on the first connecting plate 11 not only wastes energy, but also causes the temperature of the first connecting plate 11 to be too high, which may cause the sealing failure of the first sealing portion 24 .
  • the lens assembly 2 in this embodiment further includes a first adjustment module 231 and a second adjustment module 232, and the first adjustment module 231 and the second adjustment module 232 are sequentially arranged on the first connecting plate 11 and rack.
  • the first adjusting module 231 is fixed on the top of the frame
  • the second adjusting module 232 is connected to the moving end of the first adjusting module 231
  • the first connecting plate 11 is connected to the moving end of the second adjusting module 232
  • the first The moving end of the adjusting module 231 can move along a first horizontal direction
  • the moving end of the second adjusting module 232 can move along a second horizontal direction perpendicular to the first horizontal direction.
  • the first adjustment module 231 includes a first connecting body, a pair of first guide posts 2312 and a pair of first mounting holes 2313 disposed on the first connecting body. , a pair of first springs 2314, and a first pin 2311.
  • the second adjusting module 232 includes a second connecting body, a pair of second guiding posts 2322 , a pair of second mounting holes 2323 , a pair of second springs 2324 , and a second pin 2321 disposed on the second connecting body.
  • the first connecting body is arranged on the top surface of the frame, and the top surface of the first connecting body has a groove for accommodating the second adjustment module 232, a first pin 2311, a pair of first guide posts 2312 and a pair of first A mounting hole 2313 is respectively disposed on the sidewall of the groove, and axes of the first pin 2311 , the first guiding column 2312 and the first mounting hole 2313 extend along the first horizontal direction respectively.
  • the first guide post 2312 runs through the groove of the first connecting body.
  • the pair of first installation holes 2313 are respectively configured to install a pair of first springs 2314, the first springs 2314 can extend into the groove, and the pair of first springs 2314 can respectively be elastically deformed along the first horizontal direction.
  • the second connecting body is arranged on the top of the first connecting body, the second connecting body can extend into the groove of the first connecting body, and a pair of first guide posts 2312 extend through the second connecting body along the first horizontal direction.
  • part of the groove of the first connecting body, the part of a pair of first springs 2314 exposed in the groove of the first connecting body abuts on the second connecting body, and the first pin 2311 can abut against the second connecting body.
  • the top surface of the second connecting body is provided with a groove for accommodating the first connecting plate 11, and the second pin 2321, a pair of second guide columns 2322 and a pair of second mounting holes 2323 are respectively arranged on the side wall of the groove , and the axes of the second pin 2321 , the second guide post 2322 and the second installation hole 2323 respectively extend along a second horizontal direction perpendicular to the first horizontal direction.
  • the second guide post 2322 runs through the groove of the second connecting body.
  • the pair of second mounting holes 2323 are respectively configured to install a pair of second springs 2324, the second springs 2324 can extend into the groove, and the pair of second springs 2324 can respectively be elastically deformed along the second horizontal direction.
  • the first connection plate 11 is arranged on the top of the second connection body, the first connection plate 11 can extend into the groove of the second connection body, and a pair of second guide posts 2322 pass through the first connection along the second horizontal direction.
  • the part of the plate 11 protruding into the groove of the second connecting body, the part of the pair of second springs 2324 exposed in the groove of the second connecting body abuts on the first connecting plate 11, and the second pin 2321 can abut against the first connecting plate 11.
  • a connecting plate 11 protrudes into the groove of the second connecting body, and can push against the first connecting plate 11, so that the pair of second springs 2324 are elastically deformed, so that the optical path of the optical fiber assembly 1 can be adjusted in the second position in the horizontal direction.
  • the second adjustment module 232 further includes a filter assembly 26, which can absorb the light beam irradiated on the second connecting body by the deviation of the optical path of the optical fiber assembly 1 along the first horizontal direction, and the second The part of the two connecting bodies near the filter assembly 26 is provided with a channel for fluid communication, so as to reduce the temperature of the filter assembly 26 .
  • drive The component 27 is arranged on the frame, and the moving end of the drive component 27 can move in the first passage along the extension direction of the first passage, thereby adjusting the distance between the cylinder 22 and the nozzle assembly 3, thereby realizing the adjustment of the laser cutting The focal length of the laser beam of the head.
  • the frame further includes a bottom plate 2113, a cabin body 213 and a base 214, and as shown in Figure 9, the driving assembly 27 includes a voice coil motor 271 and a pair of crossed roller guide rails 272.
  • the barrel 22 is fixed on the front of the bottom plate 2113
  • the voice coil motor 271 is fixed on the back of the bottom plate 2113 .
  • the bottom plate 2113 is provided with a chute that runs through the bottom plate 2113, and the chute extends along the extending direction of the first channel.
  • the output end of the voice coil motor 271 is connected with a connecting piece, and the connecting piece passes through the chute on the bottom plate 2113 and is connected to the barrel body 22.
  • the voice coil motor 271 at the back of the bottom plate 2113 forms a sealing structure on the back of the bottom plate 2113 through the cabin body 213 and the base 214, so that the chute of the bottom plate 2113 can It is sealed to the outside world, so as to prevent particles in the outside dust or smoke from entering the first passage through the chute of the bottom plate 2113 from the outside world.
  • the bottom plate 2113 is also provided with a cross roller guide rail 272, the cross roller guide rail 272 extends along the extension direction of the first channel, the cylinder body 22 is connected to the moving end of the cross roller guide rail 272, so that the voice coil motor 271 can drive the cylinder body 22 moves smoothly along the extending direction of the first channel.
  • the sealing part between the lens assembly 2 and the outside world may cause sealing failure due to the corrosion of the sealing ring, so that the particles in the external dust and smoke enter the first passage, And attached to the first protective mirror module 241 and the second protective mirror module 251, which may burn the first protective mirror 2412 and the second protective mirror 2512 due to high temperature.
  • the lens assembly 2 also includes a dust detection device 28, which is arranged on the outer surface of the barrel 22 opposite to the inner wall of the first passage to detect the dust concentration in the first passage, so that When the dust concentration exceeds the standard value, the equipment connected to the laser cutting head will send out an alarm, thereby protecting the service life of the lens assembly 2 .
  • the dust detection device 28 is provided with an air inlet 281 and an air outlet 282, and the frame body 211 is provided with a partition between the air inlet 281 and the air outlet 282, so as to isolate the air inlet 281 and the air outlet 282, and make the frame In the first passage, an air passage is formed from the air inlet 281 to the air outlet 282 through the top and bottom surfaces of the entire cylinder 22, so that the airflow can take away the attached first protective mirror module 241 and the second protective mirror module. 251 particles.
  • Installing grooves are respectively provided, and a temperature sensor 5 is respectively arranged in each installing groove, which can not only be used for real-time detection of the temperature of the lens located at the corresponding position, but also can be connected to the laser when the temperature of each lens is too high.
  • the equipment of the cutting head sends out an alarm, thereby increasing the service life of the laser cutting head.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Lens Barrels (AREA)

Abstract

一种镜筒及激光切割头，该镜筒包括筒体(22)、一对窗口镜片(291)、准直镜片(221)、聚焦镜片(222)及驱动组件(27)，筒体(22)设有贯穿筒体(22)的通道，一对窗口镜片(291)分别设置于通道的两端，一对窗口镜片(291)与通道的内壁之间设置有密封通道的密封部，准直镜片(221)和聚焦镜片(222)依次设置于通道中，驱动组件(27)的移动端可沿通道的延伸方向移动，筒体(22)与驱动组件(27)的移动端连接。

Description

镜筒及激光切割头
本申请要求申请日为2021年5月18日、申请号为202110537310.7的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及激光切割设备技术领域，例如涉及一种镜筒及激光切割头。
背景技术
随着科学技术的发展，激光切割因被切割材料受热变形小、无接触加工以及加工灵活等特点而广泛的应用于金属切割作业中。
由于激光的光能转换成的热能能够保持在极小的区域内，激光束聚焦成形后能够在很小的作用点具有极强能量，因而当激光束照射在金属材料上时，激光束输入的热量远远超过被金属材料反射、传导或扩散的部分，金属材料很快被加热至汽化程度，蒸发形成孔洞，随着光束与材料相对线性移动，使孔洞连续形成切口，从而实现金属的切割。
在金属的激光切割过程中，需要添加与被切割的材料相适合的辅助汽体，辅助汽体不仅能作为被切割的材料产生放热化学反应氧化材料，同时还能够帮助吹走切口内的熔渣。
在相关技术中，通过调整准直镜片和聚焦镜片之间的距离，来调整激光切割头的激光束的焦距，并且由于大部分的激光切割作业环境较为恶劣，激光切割头处于灰尘较大的环境中，在切割过程中还会产生烟尘，如果灰尘和烟尘中的颗粒进入到激光切割头，并附着在准直镜片或聚焦镜片上，激光罩设在这些颗粒上，使颗粒会产生大量的热量，如果这些高温的颗粒长时间附着在镜片上，会烧毁价格较高的准直镜片或聚焦镜片，使得生产效率低并且生产成本高。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种镜筒及激光切割头，能够解决因灰尘和烟尘中的颗粒进入激光切割头并损坏价格较高的准直镜片或聚焦镜片而造成的生产效率低并且生产成本高的问题。
本申请一方面提供了一种镜筒，该镜筒包括筒体、一对窗口镜片、准直镜 片、聚焦镜片及驱动组件，筒体设有贯穿所述筒体的通道，一对所述窗口镜片分别设置于所述通道的两端，一对所述窗口镜片与所述通道的内壁之间设置有密封所述通道的密封部，所述准直镜片和所述聚焦镜片依次设置于所述通道中，所述驱动组件的移动端可沿所述通道的延伸方向移动，所述筒体与所述驱动组件的移动端连接。
本申请另一方面还提供一种激光切割头，该激光切割头包括依次设置的光纤组件、镜头组件及喷头组件，所述镜头组件包括如上所述的镜筒。
附图说明
图1是本申请一实施例提供的激光切割头的结构示意图；
图2是图1的俯视图；
图3是图2中A-A的截面视图；
图4是图2中B-B的截面视图；
图5是图1中的镜头组件的***图；
图6是图3中R处的局部视图；
图7是图4中S处的局部视图；
图8是图5中移除了框体和盖板的镜头组件的结构示意图；
图9是图8的仰视图；
图10是图9中C-C截面视图。
图中：
1、光纤组件；11、第一连接板；
2、镜头组件；
211、框体；2111、第一端口；2112、第二端口；2113、底板；2121、前盖板；2122、侧盖板；2123、封口盖板；213、舱体；214、底座；
22、筒体；221、准直镜片；222、聚焦镜片；223、水冷通道；
231、第一调节模组；2311、第一销钉；2312、第一导向柱；2313、第一安装孔；2314、第一弹簧；232、第二调节模组；2321、第二销钉；2322、第二导向柱；2323、第二安装孔；2324、第二弹簧；
24、第一密封部；241、第一保护镜模组；2411、第一保护镜框架；2412、第一保护镜；242、第一环形槽；243、第一密封圈；
25、第二密封部；251、第二保护镜模组；2511、第二保护镜框架；2512、 第二保护镜；252、第二环形槽；253、第二密封圈；
26、滤光组件；
27、驱动组件；271、音圈电机；272、交叉滚子导轨；
28、灰尘检测装置；281、进风口；282、出风口；
291、窗口镜片；292、端盖；293、第三环形槽；294、第三密封圈；295、波形弹簧；
3、喷头组件；31、第二连接板；
4、水管接头；
5、温度传感器。
具体实施方式
在本申请的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”、“固定”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本实施例的描述中，术语“上”、“下”、“右”、等方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述和简化操作，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅仅用于在描述上加以区分，并没有特殊的含义。
本实施例提供一种激光切割头，该激光切割头包括依次设置的光纤组件1、镜头组件2及喷头组件3，镜头组件2包括镜筒，该镜筒在能够调节通过镜筒的激 光束的焦点的同时，保证了镜筒与外界环境的密封性能，从而提高了准直镜片和聚焦镜片的使用寿命，减少了准直镜片和聚焦镜片的维修更换次数，进而提高了生产效率，降低了生产成本。
如图8-图10所示，该镜筒包括筒体22、一对窗口镜片291、准直镜片221、聚焦镜片222及驱动组件27。筒体22设有贯穿筒体22的通道，一对窗口镜片291分别设置于通道的两端，一对窗口镜片291与通道的内壁之间设置有密封通道的密封部，准直镜片221和聚焦镜片222依次设置于通道中，驱动组件27的移动端能够沿通道的延伸方向移动，筒体22连接于驱动组件27的移动端，从而在能够调节通过镜筒的激光束的焦点的同时，将准直镜片221和聚焦镜片222密封于通道中，保证了镜筒与外界环境的密封性能，从而提高了准直镜片221和聚焦镜片222的使用寿命，减少了准直镜片221和聚焦镜片222的维修更换次数，进而提高了生产效率，降低了生产成本。
借由上述结构，在一实施例中，为了保证一对窗口镜片291与通道的内壁之间的密封部的密封稳定性，减小振动对一对窗口镜片291的影响，端盖292与窗口镜片291之间设置有波形弹簧295，波形弹簧295被端盖292压紧在窗口镜片291上，减小了振动对一对窗口镜片291的影响，从而保证了一对窗口镜片291与通道的内壁之间的密封部的密封稳定性。
在一实施例中，为了提高准直镜片221和聚焦镜片222的使用寿命，筒体22位于准直镜片221和聚焦镜片222之间的部分设置有水冷通道223，水冷通道223的进口和出口分别连接有一个水管接头4，以能够在该激光切割头工作过程中，持续为准直镜片221和聚焦镜片222降温，从而始终使准直镜片221和聚焦镜片222保持较低的温度，进而提高了准直镜片221和聚焦镜片222的使用寿命。
为了进一步的提高激光切割头的密封性能，激光切割头可以使镜筒设置在一个与外界隔绝的密封环境中，从而在准直镜片221和聚焦镜片222外形成双层密封结构，进而能够避免外界环境中的灰尘和烟尘中的颗粒进入到激光切割头，防止这些颗粒附着在价值较昂贵的准直镜片221或聚焦镜片222上，避免了被激光照射后的处于高温状态的颗粒烧毁准直镜片221或聚焦镜片222，提高准直镜片221和聚焦镜片222的使用寿命，降低了生产成本并提高了生产效率。
如图1-图7所示，在本实施例中，激光切割头包括依次设置的光纤组件1、镜头组件2及喷头组件3。镜头组件2包括机架及设置于机架中的镜筒。
机架的上顶面和下底面分别设置有第一端口2111和第二端口2112，并且设 置有连通第一端口2111和第二端口2112的第一通路，镜筒设置在第一通路中，并且镜筒的通道的延伸方向与第一通路的延伸方向相同，光纤组件1中的光路依次通过准直镜片221和聚焦镜片222进入到喷头组件3中。光纤组件1和喷头组件3分别通过第一连接板11和第二连接板31连接在机架的上顶面和下底面上。
为了提高光纤组件1和喷头组件3分别与镜头组件2之间的密封性，如图3和图5所示，镜头组件2还包括第一密封部24和第二密封部25，第一密封部24能够在保证光纤组件1的光路连通至第一通路中时，使第一通路的第一端口2111与光纤组件1密封，第二密封部25能够在保证第一通路的光路连通至喷头组件3时，使第一通路的第二端口2112与喷头组件3密封，从而在机架中形成第一通路与外部密封的内腔，降低了灰尘和烟尘中的颗粒进入第一通路的几率。
在一实施例中，如图4-图7所示，第一密封部24包括第一保护镜模组241、一对第一环形槽242、一对第一密封圈243及第一连接板11。第一保护镜模组241包括第一保护镜框架2411和第一保护镜2412，第一保护镜2412设置在第一保护镜框架2411的安装孔中，第一保护镜模组241的顶部和底部分别设置有第一环形槽242，一对第一密封圈243分别设置于一对第一环形槽242中，第一连接板11将第一保护镜模组241抵压于机架上，以使一对第一密封圈243被第一连接板11分别挤压限定于一对第一环形槽242内，从而实现光纤组件1和镜头组件2之间的密封。
第二密封部25包括第二保护镜模组251、一对第二环形槽252、一对第二密封圈253及第二连接板31。第二保护镜模组251包括第二保护镜框架2511和第二保护镜2512，第二保护镜框架2511设置有放置第二保护镜2512的通孔，并在位于该通孔附近的第二保护镜框架2511的顶面和底面分别设置有一对第二环形槽252。一对第二密封圈253分别设置于一对第二环形槽252中，第二连接板31将第二保护镜模组251抵压于机架的底面上，位于第二保护镜模组251底部的第二密封圈253被第二连接板31挤压限定于位于第二保护镜框架2511底面的第二环形槽252内；位于第二保护镜模组251顶部的第二密封圈253被第二保护镜框架2511收到的第二连接板31的压力挤压限定于位于第二保护镜框架2511顶面的第二环形槽252内，即一对第二密封圈253分别被第二连接板31挤压限定于一对第二环形槽252内。
如图10所示，一对窗口镜片291与通道的内壁之间的密封部包括一对第三环形槽293及一对第三密封圈294。一对端盖292分别与筒体22的内壁抵接的侧壁上 分别设置有第三环形槽293。一对第三密封圈294分别设置于一对第三环形槽293中，并且每个第三密封圈294分别被筒体22的内壁挤压限定于一个对应的第三环形槽293内，从而保证了筒体22与位于筒体22外部的第一通路之间的密封性。
在一实施例中，为了保证第一通路与外界之间的密封性的同时，便于每个镜片组件的维修更换，机架包括框体211和设置在框体211上的盖板，框体211的正面分别设置有供筒体22由正面***第一通路中的通孔、供第一保护镜模组241由正面***第一通路中的通孔以及供第二保护镜模组251由正面***第一通路中的通孔，盖板包括盖设在框体211正面的前盖板2121、盖设在框体211左侧面和右侧面的一对侧盖板2122，以及设置在框体211正面和前盖板2121之间的封口盖板2123。
一对封口盖板2123分别盖设在供第一保护镜模组241和第二保护镜模组251由正面***第一通路中的一对通孔上，一对封口盖板2123分别朝向框体211正面的端面上分别设置有一对环形槽，设置为对由正面***第一通路中的第一保护镜模组241和第二保护镜模组251进行密封，一对环形槽内分别设置有密封圈，一对封口盖板2123分别将一对密封圈挤压限定在一对环形槽中。
前盖板2121朝向框体211正面的端面上设置有分别容放一对封口盖板2123的一对凹槽，并且在前盖板2121的一对凹槽之间的板体上设置有环形槽，该环形槽设置为对由框体211正面***第一通路中的通孔的筒体22进行密封，环形槽中设置有密封圈，当前盖板2121安装在框体211正面时，前盖板2121将位于前盖板2121的板体上的环形槽中的密封圈挤压限定在该环形槽中，并将一对封口盖板2123压紧在框体211的正面上。不仅保证了第一通路与外界之间的密封性，而且便于筒体22、第一保护镜模组241及第二保护镜模组251的维修更换。
由于在光纤组件1和镜头组件2的连接过程中，由于加工误差以及装配误差可能会导致光纤组件1的光路的轴线与镜头组件2的第一通路的轴线有偏差，从而使光纤组件1的光路中部分光束照射在第一连接板11上，不仅浪费能源，而且会导致第一连接板11的温度过高，从而可能使第一密封部24的密封失效。
为了解决上述问题，本实施例中的镜头组件2还包括第一调节模组231和第二调节模组232，第一调节模组231和第二调节模组232依次设置在第一连接板11和机架之间。第一调节模组231固定在机架的顶部，第二调节模组232连接于第一调节模组231的移动端，第一连接板11连接于第二调节模组232的移动端，第一调节模组231的移动端能够沿第一水平方向移动，第二调节模组232的移动端 能够沿垂直于第一水平方向的第二水平方向移动。
在一实施例中，如图5至图7所示，第一调节模组231包括第一连接体、设置在第一连接体上的一对第一导向柱2312及一对第一安装孔2313、一对第一弹簧2314，以及第一销钉2311。第二调节模组232包括第二连接体、设置在第二连接体上的一对第二导向柱2322及一对第二安装孔2323、一对第二弹簧2324，以及第二销钉2321。
第一连接体设置在机架的顶面上，第一连接体的顶面上有容放第二调节模组232的凹槽，第一销钉2311、一对第一导向柱2312及一对第一安装孔2313分别设置在该凹槽的侧壁上，并且第一销钉2311、第一导向柱2312及第一安装孔2313的轴线分别沿第一水平方向延伸。第一导向柱2312贯穿第一连接体的凹槽。一对第一安装孔2313分别设置为安装一对第一弹簧2314，第一弹簧2314能够伸入于该凹槽中，并且一对第一弹簧2314分别能沿第一水平方向发生弹性变形。
第二连接体设置在第一连接体的顶部，第二连接体能够伸入于第一连接体的凹槽中，并且一对第一导向柱2312沿第一水平方向穿过第二连接体伸入第一连接体的凹槽的部分，一对第一弹簧2314露出第一连接体的凹槽中的部分抵接在第二连接体上，第一销钉2311能够抵接于第二连接体伸入于第一连接体的凹槽的部分，并能够推抵第二连接体，以使一对第一弹簧2314发生弹性变形，从而能够调整光纤组件1的光路在第一水平方向上的位置。
第二连接体的顶面上设置有容放第一连接板11的凹槽，第二销钉2321、一对第二导向柱2322及一对第二安装孔2323分别设置在该凹槽的侧壁上，并且第二销钉2321、第二导向柱2322及第二安装孔2323的轴线分别沿垂直于第一水平方向的第二水平方向延伸。第二导向柱2322贯穿第二连接体的凹槽。一对第二安装孔2323分别设置为安装一对第二弹簧2324，第二弹簧2324能够伸入于该凹槽中，并且一对第二弹簧2324分别能沿第二水平方向发生弹性变形。
第一连接板11设置在第二连接体的顶部，第一连接板11能够伸入于第二连接体的凹槽中，并且一对第二导向柱2322沿第二水平方向穿过第一连接板11伸入第二连接体的凹槽的部分，一对第二弹簧2324露出第二连接体的凹槽中的部分抵接在第一连接板11上，第二销钉2321能够抵接于第一连接板11伸入于第二连接体的凹槽的部分，并能够推抵第一连接板11，以使一对第二弹簧2324发生弹性变形，从而能够调整光纤组件1的光路在第二水平方向上的位置。
在一实施例中，第二调节模组232还包括滤光组件26，滤光组件26能够吸收 光纤组件1的光路沿第一水平方向上的偏离照射在第二连接体上的光束，并且第二连接***于滤光组件26附近的部分设置有供流体流通的通道，以能够降低滤光组件26的温度。
在本实施例中，由于准直镜片221和聚焦镜片222之间的距离是固定的，为了能够使该激光切割头能够调整激光光束的焦距，如图5、图8-图10所示，驱动组件27设置于机架上，并且驱动组件27的移动端能够在第一通路中沿第一通路的延伸方向移动，从而调整筒体22相对喷头组件3之间的距离，进而实现调整该激光切割头的激光光束的焦距。
在本实施例中，如图5和图8所示，机架还包括底板2113、舱体213及底座214，如图9所示，驱动组件27包括音圈电机271及一对交叉滚子导轨272。筒体22固定在底板2113的正面上，音圈电机271固定在底板2113的背面上。底板2113设置有贯穿底板2113的滑槽，并且滑槽沿第一通道的延伸方向延伸，音圈电机271的输出端连接有连接件，该连接件穿过底板2113上的滑槽并连接于筒体22上。为了防止外部灰尘由底板2113上的滑槽进入第一通路中，位于底板2113背面的音圈电机271通过舱体213和底座214在底板2113的背面形成密封结构，以能够使底板2113的滑槽密封于外界，从而防止外部灰尘或烟尘中的颗粒由外界通过底板2113的滑槽进入第一通路中。
底板2113上还设置有交叉滚子导轨272，交叉滚子导轨272沿第一通道的延伸方向延伸，筒体22连接于交叉滚子导轨272的移动端，从而能够使音圈电机271带动筒体22沿第一通道的延伸方向平稳移动。
由于激光切割头的外部工作环境较差，在镜头组件2与外界之间的密封部可能会因为密封圈被腐蚀而导致密封失效，从而使得外部的灰尘和烟尘中的颗粒进入第一通路中，并附着在第一保护镜模组241和第二保护镜模组251上，从而可能会因高温烧损第一保护镜2412和第二保护镜2512，为了解决上述问题，在一实施例中，如图8所示，镜头组件2还包括灰尘检测装置28，灰尘检测装置28设置于与第一通路的内壁相对的筒体22的外侧面上，以检测第一通路中的灰尘浓度，从而在灰尘浓度超过标准值后使连接于激光切割头的设备发出警报，从而保护镜头组件2的使用寿命。
灰尘检测装置28上设置有进风口281和出风口282，并且框体211在位于进风口281和出风口282之间设置有隔板，以隔绝进风口281和出风口282，并使机架在第一通道中形成由进风口281经过整个筒体22的顶面和底面流通至出风口282 的风道，从而能够使气流带走附着在第一保护镜模组241和第二保护镜模组251上的颗粒。
为了进一步地提高激光切割头的使用寿命，如图3所示，位于第一保护镜模组241、第二保护镜模组251、准直镜片221及聚焦镜片222附近的第一通路的内壁上分别设置有安装槽，每个安装槽内分别设置有温度传感器5，不仅能够用于实时检测位于对应位置处的镜片的温度，而且还能够在每个镜片的温度过高时，使连接于激光切割头的设备发出警报，从而提高激光切割头的使用寿命。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种镜筒，包括：
    筒体(22)，设有贯穿所述筒体(22)的通道；
    一对窗口镜片(291)，分别设置于所述通道的两端，一对所述窗口镜片(291)与所述通道的内壁之间设置有密封所述通道的密封部；
    准直镜片(221)和聚焦镜片(222)，依次设置于所述通道中；及
    驱动组件(27)，所述驱动组件(27)的移动端可沿所述通道的延伸方向移动，所述筒体(22)与所述驱动组件(27)的移动端连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的镜筒，还包括：
    一对均能够露出所述通道的端盖(292)，一对所述端盖(292)分别将一对所述窗口镜片(291)限定在所述通道的两个端口处；及
    一对波形弹簧(295)，一对所述波形弹簧(295)分别被一对所述端盖(292)压紧在一对所述窗口镜片(291)上。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的镜筒，其中，所述筒体(22)位于所述准直镜片(221)和所述聚焦镜片(222)之间的部分设置有水冷通道(223)。
  4. 一种激光切割头，包括依次设置的光纤组件(1)、镜头组件(2)及喷头组件(3)，其中，所述镜头组件(2)包括如权利要求1-3任一项所述的镜筒。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的激光切割头，其中，所述镜头组件(2)还包括机架，所述机架设有分别连通所述光纤组件(1)和所述喷头组件(3)的第一端口(2111)和第二端口(2112)、连通所述第一端口(2111)和所述第二端口(2112)的第一通路，以及使所述第一通路分别与所述光纤组件(1)和所述喷头组件(3)密封的第一密封部(24)和第二密封部(25)，所述镜筒设置于所述第一通路中。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的激光切割头，其中，所述第一密封部(24)包括：
    第一保护镜模组(241)，覆盖于所述第一端口(2111)上，设置为使光路由所述光纤组件(1)连通至所述第一通路，所述第一保护镜模组(241)的顶部和底部分别设置有第一环形槽(242)；
    一对第一密封圈(243)，分别设置于一对所述第一环形槽(242)中；及
    第一连接板(11)，所述第一连接板(11)的两端分别连接于所述机架和所述光纤组件(1)，所述第一连接板(11)设置为将所述第一保护镜模组(241)抵压于所述机架上，以使一对所述第一密封圈(243)分别被所述第一连接板(11)挤压限定于一对所述第一环形槽(242)内。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的激光切割头，其中，所述第一连接板(11)与所述 机架之间还设有第一调节模组(231)和第二调节模组(232)，所述第一调节模组(231)固定在机架的顶部，所述第二调节模组(232)连接于所述第一调节模组(231)的移动端，所述第一连接板(11)连接于所述第二调节模组(232)的移动端，所述第一调节模组(231)的移动端可沿第一水平方向移动，所述第二调节模组(232)的移动端可沿垂直于所述第一水平方向的第二水平方向移动。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的激光切割头，其中，所述第二密封部(25)包括：第二保护镜模组(251)，覆盖于所述第二端口(2112)上，设置为使光路由所述第一通路连通至所述喷头组件(3)，所述第二保护镜模组(251)的顶部和底部分别设置有第二环形槽(252)；
    一对第二密封圈(253)，分别设置于一对所述第二环形槽(252)中；及
    第二连接板(31)，所述第二连接板(31)的两端分别连接于所述机架和所述喷头组件(3)，所述第二连接板(31)将所述第二保护镜模组(251)抵压于所述机架上，以使一对所述第二密封圈(253)分别被所述第二连接板(31)挤压限定于一对所述第二环形槽(252)内。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的激光切割头，其中，所述镜头组件(2)还包括灰尘检测装置(28)，所述灰尘检测装置(28)设置于与所述第一通路的内壁相对的所述筒体(22)的外侧面上。
  10. 根据权利要求5所述的激光切割头，其中，位于每个镜片附近的所述第一通路的内壁上设置有安装槽，每个所述安装槽内分别设置有温度传感器(5)，所述温度传感器(5)设置为检测位于对应位置处的所述镜片的温度。
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