WO2022242135A1 - Power conversion system, power conversion apparatus, and control method therefor - Google Patents

Power conversion system, power conversion apparatus, and control method therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022242135A1
WO2022242135A1 PCT/CN2021/138257 CN2021138257W WO2022242135A1 WO 2022242135 A1 WO2022242135 A1 WO 2022242135A1 CN 2021138257 W CN2021138257 W CN 2021138257W WO 2022242135 A1 WO2022242135 A1 WO 2022242135A1
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input
power conversion
dcdc
circuit
conversion device
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PCT/CN2021/138257
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈鹏
孙帅
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阳光电源股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2022242135A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022242135A1/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of power conversion, in particular to a power conversion system, a power conversion device and a control method thereof.
  • MPPT Maximum Power Point Tracking, maximum power point tracking
  • the DCDC conversion circuit as the MPPT unit is usually implemented by a boost circuit.
  • the multi-channel boost in the photovoltaic inverter in the prior art mostly adopts the input-output common-negative pole structure shown in FIG. 1 , or the input-output common-pole structure shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the corresponding boost circuit When the photovoltaic input voltage is high, the corresponding boost circuit can be bypassed by its bypass unit, so that the conversion efficiency of the circuit can be improved.
  • the boost circuit works to provide energy that meets the voltage requirements for the subsequent stage; however, when the voltage is low, the inductor ripple in the boost circuit is large, and the conversion efficiency of the circuit is not high.
  • the present application provides a power conversion system, a power conversion device and a control method thereof, so as to improve conversion efficiency.
  • the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a power conversion device, including: a control unit, at least two DCDC conversion circuits and at least one switch unit controlled by the control unit; wherein:
  • each of the DCDC conversion circuits are respectively connected to corresponding input power sources, and the output ends of each of the DCDC conversion circuits are connected in parallel;
  • At least one of the DCDC conversion circuits has an input-output common positive structure, and at least one of the DCDC conversion circuits has an input-output common negative structure;
  • the negative pole of the input terminal of at least one input-output common-positive structure of the DCDC conversion circuit is connected to the positive pole of the input terminal of at least one input-output common-negative pole structure of the DCDC conversion circuit through the corresponding switch unit.
  • each of the DCDC conversion circuits is connected to another DCDC conversion circuit through their corresponding switching units.
  • one or more DCDC conversion circuits are respectively connected to both sides of each switch unit.
  • the switch unit includes:
  • At least one of relays, contactors, semiconductor switch tubes and diodes At least one of relays, contactors, semiconductor switch tubes and diodes.
  • the DCDC conversion circuit includes: an input capacitor, an output capacitor and a main circuit;
  • the input capacitor is set on the input side of the main circuit, and the output capacitor is set on the output side of the main circuit.
  • the DCDC conversion circuit includes: a buck circuit, a boost circuit or a buck-boost circuit.
  • each of the DCDC conversion circuits is further provided with its own bypass unit.
  • it also includes: a DCAC conversion circuit
  • the DC side of the DCAC conversion circuit is connected to the output end of each DCDC conversion circuit through a DC bus.
  • control unit includes: a master controller and slave controllers of each of the DCDC conversion circuits;
  • Each of the slave controllers is communicatively connected to the master controller.
  • the main controller is: a system controller; or,
  • the main controller is: a controller of the DCAC conversion circuit.
  • Another aspect of the present application also provides a control method of a power conversion device, which is applied to the control unit of the power conversion device as described in any of the above paragraphs, and the control method includes:
  • judging whether each of the DCDC conversion circuits on both sides of the same switch unit in the power conversion device meets a preset low input condition includes:
  • each of the DCDC conversion circuits on both sides of the same switch unit in the power conversion device satisfies a preset low input condition, it further includes:
  • the preset low voltage conditions include:
  • the second threshold is smaller than the first threshold.
  • the normal operating conditions include:
  • the second threshold is smaller than the first threshold.
  • the third aspect of the present application further provides a power conversion system, including: at least two input power sources, and the power conversion device as described in any of the above paragraphs.
  • the power conversion device is: a DC combiner box without a DCAC conversion circuit, or a string inverter with a DCAC conversion circuit.
  • the input power source is: a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic string or an energy storage battery.
  • the input terminals of each DCDC conversion circuit inside are respectively connected to the corresponding input power supply, and the output terminals are connected in parallel; among them, at least one DCDC conversion circuit has an input-output common positive structure, and at least one other DCDC conversion circuit
  • the circuit has an input-output common-negative pole structure; and, at least one input-output common-positive structure DCDC conversion circuit negative pole is connected to at least one input-output common-negative structure DCDC conversion circuit input positive pole through a corresponding switch unit; Therefore, when the voltage of the input power supply is low, the switch unit can be turned on, so that the input power supplies on both sides are connected in series, and at the same time, because of the structural settings of the DCDC conversion circuits on both sides, both will be bypassed, In order to improve the conversion efficiency of the device and reduce the heating of the circuit.
  • Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are the structural representations of two kinds of photovoltaic inverters provided by the prior art
  • FIG. 3 and Figure 4 are partial structural schematic diagrams of the power conversion device provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a power conversion device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a specific structural diagram of a power conversion device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another power conversion device provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a flowchart of a control method for a power conversion device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the term "comprises”, “comprises” or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes none. other elements specifically listed, or also include elements inherent in such a process, method, article, or apparatus.
  • an element defined by the phrase “comprising a " does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus comprising said element.
  • the present application provides a power conversion device, as shown in FIG. 5 , including: a control unit (not shown in the figure), at least two DCDC conversion circuits 101 and at least one switch unit K1 controlled by the control unit; wherein:
  • each DCDC conversion circuit 101 The input ends of each DCDC conversion circuit 101 are respectively connected to corresponding input power sources (input power source 1 and input power source 2 as shown in FIG. 5 ), and the output ends of each DCDC conversion circuit 101 are connected in parallel to the output circuit shown in FIG. 1 both ends.
  • At least one DCDC conversion circuit 101 has an input-output common-positive structure (as shown in FIG. 3 ), and at least one DCDC conversion circuit 101 has an input-output common-negative structure (as shown in FIG. 4 ).
  • the input-output common positive pole structure means that the positive pole of the input side and the positive pole of the output side of the circuit are connected together or at the same potential; and the common negative pole structure of the input and output means that the negative pole of the input side of the circuit is connected with the negative pole of the output side. Together or equipotentially.
  • the negative pole of the input terminal of at least one DCDC conversion circuit 101 with common positive input and output structure is connected to the positive pole of the input terminal of at least one DCDC conversion circuit 101 with common negative pole input and output structure through the corresponding switch unit K1. That is to say, at least one DCDC conversion circuit 101 is respectively connected to both sides of each switch unit K1.
  • two or more DCDC conversion circuits 101 can be connected; when two or more DCDC conversion circuits 101 are connected to one side, each DCDC conversion circuit 101 is connected in parallel.
  • only one DCDC conversion circuit 101 of corresponding structure may be provided on one side, or at least two DCDC conversion circuits 101 connected in parallel may be provided, and the same is true on the other side.
  • each DCDC conversion circuit 101 Since the input ends of each DCDC conversion circuit 101 are respectively connected to corresponding input power sources, that is to say, at least one input power source is respectively connected to both sides of each switch unit K1.
  • the two sides of each switch unit K1 are respectively connected to One input power supply (input power supply 1 and input power supply 2 as shown in Figure 5) is shown as an example; when at least two input power supplies are connected to one side of it, each input power supply is connected in parallel.
  • Each switch unit K1 and all the input power sources connected to both sides together form a series structure, and all DCDC conversion circuits 101 in the power conversion device can form at least one such series structure after being connected by the switch unit K1.
  • all DCDC conversion circuits 101 in the power conversion device may be connected to corresponding switch units K1, so that all DCDC conversion circuits 101 are respectively paired according to different types of structures; there may also be one or a few remaining DCDC
  • the conversion circuit 101 is not connected to the corresponding switch unit K1; there is no specific limitation here, it may depend on the application environment, and all are within the protection scope of the present application.
  • the above-mentioned power conversion device provided in this embodiment is configured through the above-mentioned structure.
  • the independent operation of the corresponding DCDC conversion circuit 101 will cause its internal inductance ripple to be large and the conversion efficiency is low.
  • the corresponding switch unit K1 is turned on, so that the input power sources on both sides are connected in series, so that the input voltages on both sides are connected in series to obtain a higher voltage value, that is, the input voltage is equivalently increased, which can be used in the DCDC conversion circuit 101 Powers the output circuit when inactive.
  • the switching unit The DCDC conversion circuits 101 on both sides of K1 are in bypass mode. Compared with the situation without switch unit K1 in the prior art, this embodiment can improve the working efficiency of the circuit and reduce the heating of the circuit.
  • each switch unit K1 can basically realize on-off control at the same time, that is, when each DCDC conversion circuit 101 is connected to a corresponding switch unit K1, each DCDC The conversion circuit 101 can be switched close to the bypass state when the switch unit K1 is turned on or the independent operation state when the switch unit K1 is turned off at the same time.
  • special circumstances such as shading are considered, there may be a large difference in the output parameters of the input power connected to both sides of the same switch unit K1.
  • priority can be given to ensuring MPPT, that is, the independent operation state of the DCDC conversion circuit 101 on both sides is retained; only when the voltages of the input power sources on both sides are lower than the threshold value, it is controlled to be turned on, so that The DCDC conversion circuits 101 on both sides are bypassed to improve the conversion efficiency and reduce the heat generation of the circuit; or, it is also possible to improve the conversion efficiency as a priority, that is, as long as one of the voltages of the input power sources connected to the same switch unit K1 is lower than the above-mentioned
  • the switching unit K1 is controlled to be turned on; it depends on the specific application environment, all of which are within the protection scope of the present application.
  • the switching unit K1 can be: one of relays, contactors, diodes, and semiconductor switching tubes such as IGBTs or MOSFETs, or any combination of types and numbers, There is no specific limitation here, as long as the on-off function of the series connection between corresponding input power sources can be realized, all are within the protection scope of the present application.
  • the DCDC conversion circuit 101 includes an input capacitor (such as Cin described in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 and Cin1 and Cin2 described in FIG. 5), an output capacitor (such as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. Co described in 4 and Co1 and Co2 described in Figure 5) and main circuits (such as the main circuit described in Figure 3 and Figure 4 and the main circuit 1 and main circuit 2 described in Figure 5);
  • the main circuit can be: a buck circuit, a boost circuit (including Q1, L1 and D1 shown in Figure 6, or Q2, L2 and D2), a buck-boost circuit or other similar conversion circuits, which are not specifically limited here , depending on the application environment, all within the protection scope of the present application.
  • each DCDC conversion circuit 101 should be provided with its own bypass unit (not shown), so as to bypass the main circuit in the DCDC conversion circuit 101 when the voltage of its input power supply is high. , thereby increasing the conversion efficiency.
  • bypass unit for the specific implementation manner of the bypass unit, reference may be made to the prior art, and details are not repeated here.
  • the power conversion device when the power conversion device includes at least two DCDC conversion circuits 101 whose output ends are connected in parallel, the power conversion device can be used as a combiner box, such as a photovoltaic string combiner box, an energy storage battery combiner box, and the like.
  • the power conversion device can also be shown in Figure 7 (shown on the basis of Figure 5 as an example), that is, it further includes: a DCAC conversion circuit 102; the DC side of the DCAC conversion circuit 102, through The DC bus is connected to the output terminals of each DCDC conversion circuit 101; at this time, the power conversion device can be used as a photovoltaic inverter or an energy storage converter.
  • control unit that controls the actions of each switch unit K1 and each DCDC conversion circuit 101 may be an integrated controller, and may also include: a master controller and slave controllers of each DCDC conversion circuit 101; each slave controller All communicate with the master controller; each slave controller controls the action of the corresponding DCDC conversion circuit 101, and each slave controller forms a DCDC converter with the corresponding DCDC conversion circuit 101 and its required voltage/current detection module;
  • the main controller is mainly used to control the actions of each switch unit K1.
  • the master controller can be: a system controller; if the power conversion device does not include a DCAC conversion circuit 102, each slave controller is directly connected to the system controller by communication; if the power conversion device includes a DCAC conversion circuit 102 102, each slave controller may be communicatively connected to the system controller and the controller of the DCAC conversion circuit 102, or may be communicatively connected to the system controller through the controller of the DCAC conversion circuit 102.
  • the main controller is: the controller of the DCAC conversion circuit 102, and is responsible for the operation control of the DCAC conversion circuit 102 and the operation control of each switch unit K1.
  • control unit In actual application, the specific settings of the control unit may depend on the application environment, and all are within the scope of protection of this application.
  • Another embodiment of the present application also provides a control method for a power conversion device, which is applied to the control unit of the power conversion device in any of the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • a control method for a power conversion device which is applied to the control unit of the power conversion device in any of the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the structure and working principle of the power conversion device please refer to the above-mentioned embodiments. ,No longer.
  • control method includes:
  • control unit such as an integrated controller, or each slave controller inside the control unit can detect the input voltage of the corresponding DCDC conversion circuit through the voltage detection module on the input side of each DCDC conversion circuit; its input voltage , that is, the voltage of the input power supply connected to its input side. After each slave controller obtains the detection value of each input voltage, it sends it to the master controller.
  • the control unit such as an integrated controller, or a main controller inside the control unit, judges the specific conditions of each input power supply.
  • the preset low input condition may specifically mean that there is at least one input voltage satisfying the preset low voltage condition among the input voltages of all DCDC conversion circuits, that is, when the voltage difference between the input power sources on both sides is large, the priority is to ensure MPPT ; Or, it can also mean that the input voltages of all DCDC conversion circuits meet the preset low voltage condition, that is, when the voltage difference of the input power supply on both sides is large, the priority is to improve the conversion efficiency; no specific limitation is made here , depending on the application environment, all within the protection scope of the present application.
  • step S103 is executed.
  • the switch unit After the switch unit is turned on, the input power sources on both sides are connected in series, and the DCDC conversion circuits on both sides are bypassed, thereby reducing the conversion efficiency and heat generation of the device.
  • control method further includes:
  • the integrated controller or the main controller after obtaining the detection values of each input voltage, will also consider whether it can make the corresponding DCDC conversion circuit perform chopping work at a conversion efficiency that meets the requirements when judging its size. For example, if MPPT works, it is judged whether it can operate normally. If yes, there is no need to turn on the switch unit, and each DCDC conversion circuit can directly perform chopping work.
  • the bypass unit of the corresponding DCDC conversion circuit will be automatically turned on, thereby improving the conversion efficiency.
  • control unit controlling the action of each switch unit may be a control with a hysteresis; that is, preferably:
  • the preset low voltage condition includes: not rising above the first threshold, or falling below the second threshold; the second threshold is smaller than the first threshold.
  • the normal operating condition includes: the value has risen to be greater than the first threshold, or has not fallen to be less than the second threshold; the second threshold is less than the first threshold.
  • the switch unit when the light is weak every morning, the voltage of each input power source, that is, the input voltage of each DCDC conversion circuit, gradually rises from zero.
  • the switch unit When the threshold value is reached, the switch unit is controlled to be turned on; when it rises to be greater than the first threshold value, the switch unit will be controlled to be turned off, and the DCDC conversion circuit enters the MPPT operation.
  • each input voltage When the light gradually weakens every evening, each input voltage will gradually drop from the normal value. When it drops below the first threshold, the switching unit is not controlled to be turned on, but when it continues to drop below the second threshold, the switch unit is turned on.
  • the switching unit is controlled to be turned on, the DCDC conversion circuit is bypassed, and the reduction of conversion efficiency is avoided.
  • the switching unit does not operate frequently, but maintains the previous state, avoiding damage to the life of the devices in the switching unit.
  • FIG. 5 Another embodiment of the present application also provides a power conversion system, as shown in FIG. 5 , FIG. 6 or FIG. 7 , including: at least two input power sources (input power source 1 and input power source 2 as shown in the figure), And, the power conversion device as described in any one of the above embodiments.
  • the structural arrangement and working principle of the power conversion device can be referred to the above-mentioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
  • the control unit of the power conversion device may execute the control methods described in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
  • the power conversion device may be: a DC combiner box without a DCAC conversion circuit, or a string inverter with a DCAC conversion circuit.
  • the input power source can be: a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic string or an energy storage battery. No specific limitation is made here, it depends on the application environment, and all are within the protection scope of the present application.

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Abstract

The present application provides a power conversion system, a power conversion apparatus, and a control method therefor. In the power conversion apparatus, input terminals of each DC/DC conversion circuit inside the power conversion apparatus are respectively connected to corresponding input power supplies, and the output terminals are connected in parallel. At least one DC/DC conversion circuit has a common positive electrode structure for input and output. Furthermore, at least one other DC/DC conversion circuit has a common negative electrode structure for input and output. Moreover, at least one input terminal negative electrode of the DC/DC conversion circuit which has a common positive electrode structure for input and output is connected, by means of a corresponding switch unit, to at least one input terminal positive electrode of the DC/DC conversion circuit which has a common negative electrode structure for input and output. Therefore, when the voltage of the input power supply is low, the switch unit can be conducted, so that input power supplies at two sides of the switch unit are connected in series. In addition, due to the structural configuration of the DC/DC conversion circuits at two sides of the switch unit, the two are bypassed, thereby increasing the conversion efficiency of the apparatus and reducing the heat generated by the circuit.

Description

一种电力变换***和电力变换装置及其控制方法A power conversion system, power conversion device and control method thereof
本申请要求于2021年05月18日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110540628.0、发明名称为“一种电力变换***和电力变换装置及其控制方法”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application submitted to the China Patent Office on May 18, 2021, with the application number 202110540628.0, and the title of the invention is "a power conversion system and power conversion device and its control method", the entire content of which is passed References are incorporated in this application.
技术领域technical field
本申请涉及电力变换技术领域,特别涉及一种电力变换***和电力变换装置及其控制方法。The present application relates to the technical field of power conversion, in particular to a power conversion system, a power conversion device and a control method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
光伏逆变器内通常具有多路MPPT(Maximum Power Point Tracking,最大功率点跟踪)单元,而作为MPPT单元的DCDC变换电路通常采用boost电路来实现。为方便内部设计,现有技术中光伏逆变器内的多路boost,多采用图1所示的输入输出共负极结构,或者图2所示的输入输出共正极结构。There are usually multiple MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking, maximum power point tracking) units in the photovoltaic inverter, and the DCDC conversion circuit as the MPPT unit is usually implemented by a boost circuit. In order to facilitate the internal design, the multi-channel boost in the photovoltaic inverter in the prior art mostly adopts the input-output common-negative pole structure shown in FIG. 1 , or the input-output common-pole structure shown in FIG. 2 .
当光伏输入电压较高时,相应boost电路可以被其旁路单元所旁路,使得电路的转换效率得到提高。而当光伏输入电压较低时,boost电路工作,为后级提供符合电压要求的能量;但是,当电压较低时,boost电路中电感的纹波较大,电路的转换效率也不高。When the photovoltaic input voltage is high, the corresponding boost circuit can be bypassed by its bypass unit, so that the conversion efficiency of the circuit can be improved. When the photovoltaic input voltage is low, the boost circuit works to provide energy that meets the voltage requirements for the subsequent stage; however, when the voltage is low, the inductor ripple in the boost circuit is large, and the conversion efficiency of the circuit is not high.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本申请提供一种电力变换***和电力变换装置及其控制方法,以提高转换效率。The present application provides a power conversion system, a power conversion device and a control method thereof, so as to improve conversion efficiency.
为实现上述目的,本申请实施例提供如下技术方案:In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present application provides the following technical solutions:
本申请实施例第一方面提供了一种电力变换装置,包括:控制单元和受控于所述控制单元的至少两个DCDC变换电路及至少一个开关单元;其中:The first aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a power conversion device, including: a control unit, at least two DCDC conversion circuits and at least one switch unit controlled by the control unit; wherein:
各个所述DCDC变换电路的输入端分别连接相应的输入电源,各个所述DCDC变换电路的输出端并联连接;The input ends of each of the DCDC conversion circuits are respectively connected to corresponding input power sources, and the output ends of each of the DCDC conversion circuits are connected in parallel;
至少一个所述DCDC变换电路为输入输出共正极结构,至少一个所述DCDC变换电路为输入输出共负极结构;At least one of the DCDC conversion circuits has an input-output common positive structure, and at least one of the DCDC conversion circuits has an input-output common negative structure;
至少一个输入输出共正极结构的所述DCDC变换电路的输入端负极,通过相应的所述开关单元,连接至少一个输入输出共负极结构的所述DCDC变换电路的输入端正极。The negative pole of the input terminal of at least one input-output common-positive structure of the DCDC conversion circuit is connected to the positive pole of the input terminal of at least one input-output common-negative pole structure of the DCDC conversion circuit through the corresponding switch unit.
优选的,各所述DCDC变换电路,均通过各自相应的所述开关单元,连接另一种所述DCDC变换电路。Preferably, each of the DCDC conversion circuits is connected to another DCDC conversion circuit through their corresponding switching units.
优选的,各所述开关单元的两侧,分别连接有一个或多个所述DCDC变换电路。Preferably, one or more DCDC conversion circuits are respectively connected to both sides of each switch unit.
优选的,所述开关单元包括:Preferably, the switch unit includes:
继电器、接触器、半导体开关管以及二极管中的至少一个。At least one of relays, contactors, semiconductor switch tubes and diodes.
优选的,所述DCDC变换电路包括:输入电容、输出电容和主电路;Preferably, the DCDC conversion circuit includes: an input capacitor, an output capacitor and a main circuit;
所述输入电容设置于所述主电路的输入侧,所述输出电容设置于所述主电路的输出侧。The input capacitor is set on the input side of the main circuit, and the output capacitor is set on the output side of the main circuit.
优选的,所述DCDC变换电路包括:buck电路、boost电路或者buck-boost电路。Preferably, the DCDC conversion circuit includes: a buck circuit, a boost circuit or a buck-boost circuit.
优选的,各所述DCDC变换电路上还分别设置有各自的旁路单元。Preferably, each of the DCDC conversion circuits is further provided with its own bypass unit.
优选的,还包括:DCAC变换电路;Preferably, it also includes: a DCAC conversion circuit;
所述DCAC变换电路的直流侧,通过直流母线连接各所述DCDC变换电路的输出端。The DC side of the DCAC conversion circuit is connected to the output end of each DCDC conversion circuit through a DC bus.
优选的,所述控制单元包括:主控制器和各个所述DCDC变换电路的从控制器;Preferably, the control unit includes: a master controller and slave controllers of each of the DCDC conversion circuits;
各所述从控制器均与所述主控制器通信连接。Each of the slave controllers is communicatively connected to the master controller.
优选的,所述主控制器为:***控制器;或者,Preferably, the main controller is: a system controller; or,
所述电力变换装置包括DCAC变换电路时,所述主控制器为:所述DCAC变换电路的控制器。When the power conversion device includes a DCAC conversion circuit, the main controller is: a controller of the DCAC conversion circuit.
本申请另一方面还提供了一种电力变换装置的控制方法,应用于如上述任一段落所述的电力变换装置的控制单元,所述控制方法包括:Another aspect of the present application also provides a control method of a power conversion device, which is applied to the control unit of the power conversion device as described in any of the above paragraphs, and the control method includes:
检测所述电力变换装置中各DCDC变换电路的输入电压;Detecting the input voltage of each DCDC conversion circuit in the power conversion device;
判断所述电力变换装置中同一开关单元两侧的各所述DCDC变换电路是否满足预设低输入条件;judging whether each of the DCDC conversion circuits on both sides of the same switch unit in the power conversion device meets a preset low input condition;
若判断结果为是,则控制相应所述开关单元导通。If the judgment result is yes, the corresponding switch unit is controlled to be turned on.
优选的,判断所述电力变换装置中同一开关单元两侧的各所述DCDC变换电路是否满足预设低输入条件,包括:Preferably, judging whether each of the DCDC conversion circuits on both sides of the same switch unit in the power conversion device meets a preset low input condition includes:
判断同一所述开关单元两侧各所述DCDC变换电路的输入电压中是否存在至少一个满足预设低电压条件;或者,judging whether at least one of the input voltages of the DCDC conversion circuits on both sides of the same switching unit satisfies a preset low voltage condition; or,
判断同一所述开关单元两侧各所述DCDC变换电路的输入电压是否均满足所述预设低电压条件。It is judged whether the input voltages of the DCDC conversion circuits on both sides of the same switch unit satisfy the preset low voltage condition.
优选的,在判断所述电力变换装置中同一开关单元两侧的各所述DCDC变换电路是否满足预设低输入条件之后,还包括:Preferably, after judging whether each of the DCDC conversion circuits on both sides of the same switch unit in the power conversion device satisfies a preset low input condition, it further includes:
若判断结果为否,则控制相应所述开关单元关断、相应所述开关单元连接的所述DCDC变换电路进行斩波工作。If the judgment result is negative, control the corresponding switch unit to be turned off and the DCDC conversion circuit connected to the corresponding switch unit to perform chopper operation.
优选的,所述预设低电压条件,包括:Preferably, the preset low voltage conditions include:
未上升到大于第一阈值,或,已下降到小于第二阈值;所述第二阈值小于所述第一阈值。has not risen above the first threshold, or has fallen below the second threshold; the second threshold is smaller than the first threshold.
优选的,所述正常运行条件,包括:Preferably, the normal operating conditions include:
已上升到大于所述第一阈值,或,未下降到小于所述第二阈值;所述第二阈值小于所述第一阈值。has risen above the first threshold, or has not fallen below the second threshold; the second threshold is smaller than the first threshold.
本申请第三方面还提供了一种电力变换***,包括:至少两个输入电源,和,如上述任一段落所述的电力变换装置。The third aspect of the present application further provides a power conversion system, including: at least two input power sources, and the power conversion device as described in any of the above paragraphs.
优选的,所述电力变换装置为:不带DCAC变换电路的直流汇流箱,或者,带DCAC变换电路的组串式逆变器。Preferably, the power conversion device is: a DC combiner box without a DCAC conversion circuit, or a string inverter with a DCAC conversion circuit.
优选的,所述输入电源为:光伏组件、光伏组串或者储能电池。Preferably, the input power source is: a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic string or an energy storage battery.
本申请提供的电力变换装置,其内部各个DCDC变换电路的输入端分别连接相应的输入电源,输出端并联连接;其中,至少一个DCDC变换电路是输入输出共正极结构的,而另外至少一个DCDC变换电路是输入输出共负极结构的;并且,至少一个输入输出共正极结构的DCDC变换电路的输入端负极,通过相应的开关单元,连接至少一个输入输出共负极结构的DCDC变换电路的输入端正极;因此,当输入电源的电压较低时,可以将开关单元导通,进而使其两侧的输入电源串联连接,同时因为其两侧DCDC变换电路的结构设置,将使得两者均被旁路,以提高装置的转换效率,并降低电路发热。In the power conversion device provided by the present application, the input terminals of each DCDC conversion circuit inside are respectively connected to the corresponding input power supply, and the output terminals are connected in parallel; among them, at least one DCDC conversion circuit has an input-output common positive structure, and at least one other DCDC conversion circuit The circuit has an input-output common-negative pole structure; and, at least one input-output common-positive structure DCDC conversion circuit negative pole is connected to at least one input-output common-negative structure DCDC conversion circuit input positive pole through a corresponding switch unit; Therefore, when the voltage of the input power supply is low, the switch unit can be turned on, so that the input power supplies on both sides are connected in series, and at the same time, because of the structural settings of the DCDC conversion circuits on both sides, both will be bypassed, In order to improve the conversion efficiency of the device and reduce the heating of the circuit.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施 例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图示出的结构获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.
图1和图2为现有技术提供的两种光伏逆变器的结构示意图;Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are the structural representations of two kinds of photovoltaic inverters provided by the prior art;
图3和图4为本申请实施例提供的电力变换装置的部分结构示意图;Figure 3 and Figure 4 are partial structural schematic diagrams of the power conversion device provided by the embodiment of the present application;
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种电力变换装置的结构示意图;Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a power conversion device provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图6为本申请实施例提供的电力变换装置的一种具体结构图;FIG. 6 is a specific structural diagram of a power conversion device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图7为本申请实施例提供的另一种电力变换装置的结构示意图;Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another power conversion device provided by the embodiment of the present application;
图8为本申请实施例提供的电力变换装置的控制方法的流程图。Fig. 8 is a flowchart of a control method for a power conversion device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of this application.
在本申请中,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素,并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。In this application, the term "comprises", "comprises" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes none. other elements specifically listed, or also include elements inherent in such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus comprising said element.
本申请提供一种电力变换装置,如图5所示,包括:控制单元(图中未展示)和受控于该控制单元的至少两个DCDC变换电路101及至少一个开关单元K1;其中:The present application provides a power conversion device, as shown in FIG. 5 , including: a control unit (not shown in the figure), at least two DCDC conversion circuits 101 and at least one switch unit K1 controlled by the control unit; wherein:
各个DCDC变换电路101的输入端分别连接相应的输入电源(如图5中所示的输入电源1和输入电源2),各个DCDC变换电路101的输出端并联连接至如图1所示的输出电路的两端。The input ends of each DCDC conversion circuit 101 are respectively connected to corresponding input power sources (input power source 1 and input power source 2 as shown in FIG. 5 ), and the output ends of each DCDC conversion circuit 101 are connected in parallel to the output circuit shown in FIG. 1 both ends.
至少一个DCDC变换电路101为输入输出共正极结构(如图3所示),至少一个DCDC变换电路101为输入输出共负极结构(如图4所示)。其中,输 入输出共正极结构,是指该电路的输入侧正极和输出侧正极是连接在一起或者等电位的;而输入输出共负极结构,是指该电路的输入侧负极和输出侧负极是连接在一起或者等电位的。At least one DCDC conversion circuit 101 has an input-output common-positive structure (as shown in FIG. 3 ), and at least one DCDC conversion circuit 101 has an input-output common-negative structure (as shown in FIG. 4 ). Among them, the input-output common positive pole structure means that the positive pole of the input side and the positive pole of the output side of the circuit are connected together or at the same potential; and the common negative pole structure of the input and output means that the negative pole of the input side of the circuit is connected with the negative pole of the output side. Together or equipotentially.
并且,至少一个输入输出共正极结构的DCDC变换电路101的输入端负极,通过相应的开关单元K1,连接至少一个输入输出共负极结构的DCDC变换电路101的输入端正极。也即,每个开关单元K1的两侧分别连接有至少一个DCDC变换电路101,图5中仅以其两侧分别连接有一个DCDC变换电路101为例进行展示,实际应用中,其任意一侧均可以连接有两个或多个DCDC变换电路101;当其某侧连接有两个或多个DCDC变换电路101时,各个DCDC变换电路101并联连接。对于每个开关单元K1而言,其一侧可以仅设置有一个相应结构的DCDC变换电路101,也可以设置有至少两个并联连接的DCDC变换电路101,其另一侧也是如此。Moreover, the negative pole of the input terminal of at least one DCDC conversion circuit 101 with common positive input and output structure is connected to the positive pole of the input terminal of at least one DCDC conversion circuit 101 with common negative pole input and output structure through the corresponding switch unit K1. That is to say, at least one DCDC conversion circuit 101 is respectively connected to both sides of each switch unit K1. In FIG. Two or more DCDC conversion circuits 101 can be connected; when two or more DCDC conversion circuits 101 are connected to one side, each DCDC conversion circuit 101 is connected in parallel. For each switch unit K1, only one DCDC conversion circuit 101 of corresponding structure may be provided on one side, or at least two DCDC conversion circuits 101 connected in parallel may be provided, and the same is true on the other side.
由于每个DCDC变换电路101的输入端分别连接相应的输入电源,所以也即每个开关单元K1的两侧分别连接有至少一个输入电源,图5中以每个开关单元K1的两侧分别连接有一个输入电源(如图5中所示的输入电源1和输入电源2)为例进行展示;当其某侧连接有至少两个输入电源时,各个输入电源并联连接。Since the input ends of each DCDC conversion circuit 101 are respectively connected to corresponding input power sources, that is to say, at least one input power source is respectively connected to both sides of each switch unit K1. In FIG. 5, the two sides of each switch unit K1 are respectively connected to One input power supply (input power supply 1 and input power supply 2 as shown in Figure 5) is shown as an example; when at least two input power supplies are connected to one side of it, each input power supply is connected in parallel.
本实施例对于每个开关单元K1两侧输入电源及其DCDC变换电路101的个数不做具体限定,只要保证每个开关单元K1两侧所接DCDC变换电路101的结构符合上述限定即可,均在本申请的保护范围内。In this embodiment, there is no specific limitation on the number of input power sources and DCDC conversion circuits 101 on both sides of each switch unit K1, as long as the structure of the DCDC conversion circuit 101 connected to both sides of each switch unit K1 complies with the above-mentioned limitations. All within the scope of protection of this application.
每个开关单元K1及其两侧连接的全部输入电源共同构成一个串联结构,该电力变换装置内的全部DCDC变换电路101通过上述开关单元K1的连接后,可以构成至少一个这样的串联结构。并且,该电力变换装置内的全部DCDC变换电路101,可以均连接有相应的开关单元K1,以使全部DCDC变换电路101均按照结构种类的不同分别实现配对;也可以剩余有一个或少数个DCDC变换电路101不连接相应的开关单元K1;此处不做具体限定,可以视其应用环境而定,均在本申请的保护范围内。Each switch unit K1 and all the input power sources connected to both sides together form a series structure, and all DCDC conversion circuits 101 in the power conversion device can form at least one such series structure after being connected by the switch unit K1. In addition, all DCDC conversion circuits 101 in the power conversion device may be connected to corresponding switch units K1, so that all DCDC conversion circuits 101 are respectively paired according to different types of structures; there may also be one or a few remaining DCDC The conversion circuit 101 is not connected to the corresponding switch unit K1; there is no specific limitation here, it may depend on the application environment, and all are within the protection scope of the present application.
本实施例提供的上述电力变换装置,通过上述结构设置,当输入电源的电压低于一个阈值时,相应DCDC变换电路101独立运行会导致其内部电感纹 波较大、转换效率低,则可以将相应开关单元K1导通,进而使其两侧的输入电源串联连接,让其两侧的输入电压串联得到一个较高的电压值,也即使得输入电压等效提高了,可以在DCDC变换电路101不工作的情况下为输出电路供电。具体的,输入电源1和输入电源2串联后,电流从共正极的线路流入输出电路,再从共负极的线路流回输入电源;同时因为其两侧DCDC变换电路101的结构设置,该开关单元K1两侧的DCDC变换电路101均处于旁路模式下,与现有技术中无开关单元K1的情况对比,本实施例可以提高电路工作效率,降低电路发热。The above-mentioned power conversion device provided in this embodiment is configured through the above-mentioned structure. When the voltage of the input power source is lower than a threshold value, the independent operation of the corresponding DCDC conversion circuit 101 will cause its internal inductance ripple to be large and the conversion efficiency is low. The corresponding switch unit K1 is turned on, so that the input power sources on both sides are connected in series, so that the input voltages on both sides are connected in series to obtain a higher voltage value, that is, the input voltage is equivalently increased, which can be used in the DCDC conversion circuit 101 Powers the output circuit when inactive. Specifically, after the input power supply 1 and the input power supply 2 are connected in series, the current flows into the output circuit from the common positive line, and then flows back to the input power supply from the common negative line; at the same time, because of the structural settings of the DCDC conversion circuits 101 on both sides, the switching unit The DCDC conversion circuits 101 on both sides of K1 are in bypass mode. Compared with the situation without switch unit K1 in the prior art, this embodiment can improve the working efficiency of the circuit and reduce the heating of the circuit.
实际应用中,由于一般情况下各个输入电源的输出参数基本接近,所以各个开关单元K1可以基本同时实现通断控制,也即,各个DCDC变换电路101均连接有相应的开关单元K1时,各个DCDC变换电路101可以接近于同时切换为开关单元K1导通时的旁路状态或者开关单元K1关断时的独立运行状态。但是,考虑到遮挡等特殊情况时,同一开关单元K1两侧所连接输入电源的输出参数可能存在较大差距,若其一侧输入电源的电压较高,而另一侧输入电源的电压低于上述阈值时,则:可以以保证MPPT为优先考虑,即保留其两侧DCDC变换电路101的独立运行状态;只有其两侧输入电源的电压均低于该阈值时,才控制其导通,使其两侧DCDC变换电路101均被旁路,提高转换效率,降低电路发热;或者,也可以以提高转换效率为优选考虑,即只要同一开关单元K1所接输入电源的电压中有一个低于上述阈值时,就控制该开关单元K1导通;视其具体应用环境而定即可,均在本申请的保护范围内。In practical applications, since the output parameters of each input power supply are generally close to each other, each switch unit K1 can basically realize on-off control at the same time, that is, when each DCDC conversion circuit 101 is connected to a corresponding switch unit K1, each DCDC The conversion circuit 101 can be switched close to the bypass state when the switch unit K1 is turned on or the independent operation state when the switch unit K1 is turned off at the same time. However, when special circumstances such as shading are considered, there may be a large difference in the output parameters of the input power connected to both sides of the same switch unit K1. When the above threshold value is reached, then: priority can be given to ensuring MPPT, that is, the independent operation state of the DCDC conversion circuit 101 on both sides is retained; only when the voltages of the input power sources on both sides are lower than the threshold value, it is controlled to be turned on, so that The DCDC conversion circuits 101 on both sides are bypassed to improve the conversion efficiency and reduce the heat generation of the circuit; or, it is also possible to improve the conversion efficiency as a priority, that is, as long as one of the voltages of the input power sources connected to the same switch unit K1 is lower than the above-mentioned When the threshold is reached, the switching unit K1 is controlled to be turned on; it depends on the specific application environment, all of which are within the protection scope of the present application.
实际应用中,在上一实施例的基础之上,优选的,该开关单元K1可以是:继电器、接触器、二极管以及IGBT或MOSFET等半导体开关管中的一个或者任意种类和个数的组合,此处不做具体限定,只要能够实现相应输入电源之间串联连接的通断功能即可,均在本申请的保护范围内。In practical applications, on the basis of the previous embodiment, preferably, the switching unit K1 can be: one of relays, contactors, diodes, and semiconductor switching tubes such as IGBTs or MOSFETs, or any combination of types and numbers, There is no specific limitation here, as long as the on-off function of the series connection between corresponding input power sources can be realized, all are within the protection scope of the present application.
优选的,参见图3至图5,该DCDC变换电路101包括输入电容(如图3和图4中所述的Cin以及图5中所述的Cin1和Cin2)、输出电容(如图3和图4中所述的Co以及图5中所述的Co1和Co2)以及主电路(如图3和图4中所述的主电路以及图5中所述的主电路1和主电路2);该主电路可以是:buck 电路、boost电路(包括图6中所示的Q1、L1和D1,或者,Q2、L2和D2)、buck-boost电路或者其他类似的变换电路,此处不做具体限定,视其应用环境而定即可,均在本申请的保护范围内。Preferably, referring to FIG. 3 to FIG. 5, the DCDC conversion circuit 101 includes an input capacitor (such as Cin described in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 and Cin1 and Cin2 described in FIG. 5), an output capacitor (such as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. Co described in 4 and Co1 and Co2 described in Figure 5) and main circuits (such as the main circuit described in Figure 3 and Figure 4 and the main circuit 1 and main circuit 2 described in Figure 5); The main circuit can be: a buck circuit, a boost circuit (including Q1, L1 and D1 shown in Figure 6, or Q2, L2 and D2), a buck-boost circuit or other similar conversion circuits, which are not specifically limited here , depending on the application environment, all within the protection scope of the present application.
实际应用中,各DCDC变换电路101上还应分别设置有各自的旁路单元(未进行图示),以在其输入电源的电压较高时,将DCDC变换电路101中的主电路旁路掉,进而提高转换效率。该旁路单元的具体实现方式可以参见现有技术,不再赘述。In practical applications, each DCDC conversion circuit 101 should be provided with its own bypass unit (not shown), so as to bypass the main circuit in the DCDC conversion circuit 101 when the voltage of its input power supply is high. , thereby increasing the conversion efficiency. For the specific implementation manner of the bypass unit, reference may be made to the prior art, and details are not repeated here.
另外,当该电力变换装置中包括至少两个输出端并联连接的DCDC变换电路101时,该电力变换装置可以作为一个汇流箱,比如光伏组串汇流箱、储能电池汇流箱等。而实际应用中,该电力变换装置中还可以如图7(以在图5的基础上为例进行展示)所示,即进一步包括:DCAC变换电路102;该DCAC变换电路102的直流侧,通过直流母线连接各DCDC变换电路101的输出端;此时,该电力变换装置可以作为一个光伏逆变器或者储能变流器。In addition, when the power conversion device includes at least two DCDC conversion circuits 101 whose output ends are connected in parallel, the power conversion device can be used as a combiner box, such as a photovoltaic string combiner box, an energy storage battery combiner box, and the like. In practical applications, the power conversion device can also be shown in Figure 7 (shown on the basis of Figure 5 as an example), that is, it further includes: a DCAC conversion circuit 102; the DC side of the DCAC conversion circuit 102, through The DC bus is connected to the output terminals of each DCDC conversion circuit 101; at this time, the power conversion device can be used as a photovoltaic inverter or an energy storage converter.
在上述实施例中,控制各个开关单元K1及各个DCDC变换电路101动作的控制单元可以是一个集成控制器,也可以包括:主控制器和各个DCDC变换电路101的从控制器;各从控制器均与主控制器通信连接;各从控制器分别控制相应的DCDC变换电路101动作,每个从控制器分别与相应DCDC变换电路101及其所需的电压/电流检测模块构成一个DCDC变换器;该主控制器主要用于控制各个开关单元K1动作。In the above embodiments, the control unit that controls the actions of each switch unit K1 and each DCDC conversion circuit 101 may be an integrated controller, and may also include: a master controller and slave controllers of each DCDC conversion circuit 101; each slave controller All communicate with the master controller; each slave controller controls the action of the corresponding DCDC conversion circuit 101, and each slave controller forms a DCDC converter with the corresponding DCDC conversion circuit 101 and its required voltage/current detection module; The main controller is mainly used to control the actions of each switch unit K1.
实际应用中,该主控制器可以是为:***控制器;若该电力变换装置不包括DCAC变换电路102,则各个从控制器直接与该***控制器通信连接;若电力变换装置包括DCAC变换电路102,则各个从控制器可以分别与该***控制器和DCAC变换电路102的控制器通信连接,也可以通过DCAC变换电路102的控制器与该***控制器通信连接。In practical applications, the master controller can be: a system controller; if the power conversion device does not include a DCAC conversion circuit 102, each slave controller is directly connected to the system controller by communication; if the power conversion device includes a DCAC conversion circuit 102 102, each slave controller may be communicatively connected to the system controller and the controller of the DCAC conversion circuit 102, or may be communicatively connected to the system controller through the controller of the DCAC conversion circuit 102.
或者,当该电力变换装置包括DCAC变换电路102时,该主控制器即为:DCAC变换电路102的控制器,同时负责该DCAC变换电路102的动作控制和各个开关单元K1的动作控制。Alternatively, when the power conversion device includes the DCAC conversion circuit 102, the main controller is: the controller of the DCAC conversion circuit 102, and is responsible for the operation control of the DCAC conversion circuit 102 and the operation control of each switch unit K1.
实际应用中,该控制单元的具体设置,可以视其应用环境而定,均在本申 请的保护范围内。In actual application, the specific settings of the control unit may depend on the application environment, and all are within the scope of protection of this application.
本申请另一实施例还提供了一种电力变换装置的控制方法,应用于如上述任一实施例的电力变换装置的控制单元,该电力变换装置的结构设置及工作原理参见上述实施例即可,不再赘述。Another embodiment of the present application also provides a control method for a power conversion device, which is applied to the control unit of the power conversion device in any of the above-mentioned embodiments. For the structure and working principle of the power conversion device, please refer to the above-mentioned embodiments. ,No longer.
参见图8,该控制方法包括:Referring to Figure 8, the control method includes:
S101、检测电力变换装置中各DCDC变换电路的输入电压。S101. Detect the input voltage of each DCDC conversion circuit in the power conversion device.
实际应用中,该控制单元,比如集成控制器,或者该控制单元内部各从控制器,可以通过各DCDC变换电路输入侧的电压检测模块来实现相应DCDC变换电路的输入电压的检测;其输入电压,也即其输入侧所连接输入电源的电压。各个从控制器在得到各个输入电压的检测值之后,将其发送至主控制器。In practical applications, the control unit, such as an integrated controller, or each slave controller inside the control unit can detect the input voltage of the corresponding DCDC conversion circuit through the voltage detection module on the input side of each DCDC conversion circuit; its input voltage , that is, the voltage of the input power supply connected to its input side. After each slave controller obtains the detection value of each input voltage, it sends it to the master controller.
S102、判断电力变换装置中同一开关单元两侧的各DCDC变换电路是否满足预设低输入条件。S102. Determine whether each DCDC conversion circuit on both sides of the same switch unit in the power conversion device satisfies a preset low input condition.
该控制单元,比如集成控制器,或者该控制单元内部的主控制器,对各个输入电源的具体情况进行判断。该预设低输入条件,具体可以是指全部DCDC变换电路的输入电压中存在至少一个输入电压满足预设低电压条件,也即在两侧输入电源的电压差别较大时以保证MPPT为优先考虑;或者,也可以是指全部DCDC变换电路的输入电压均满足该预设低电压条件,也即在两侧输入电源的电压差别较大时以提高转换效率为优先考虑;此处不做具体限定,视其应用环境而定即可,均在本申请的保护范围内。The control unit, such as an integrated controller, or a main controller inside the control unit, judges the specific conditions of each input power supply. The preset low input condition may specifically mean that there is at least one input voltage satisfying the preset low voltage condition among the input voltages of all DCDC conversion circuits, that is, when the voltage difference between the input power sources on both sides is large, the priority is to ensure MPPT ; Or, it can also mean that the input voltages of all DCDC conversion circuits meet the preset low voltage condition, that is, when the voltage difference of the input power supply on both sides is large, the priority is to improve the conversion efficiency; no specific limitation is made here , depending on the application environment, all within the protection scope of the present application.
当同一开关单元两侧的各DCDC变换电路满足该满足预设低输入条件时,执行步骤S103。When the DCDC conversion circuits on both sides of the same switch unit meet the preset low input condition, step S103 is executed.
S103、控制相应开关单元导通。S103. Control the corresponding switch unit to conduct.
该开关单元导通之后,其两侧输入电源串联,其两侧DCDC变换电路被旁路,进而降低转换效率,降低器件发热量。After the switch unit is turned on, the input power sources on both sides are connected in series, and the DCDC conversion circuits on both sides are bypassed, thereby reducing the conversion efficiency and heat generation of the device.
优选的,如图8所示,在步骤S102、判断电力变换装置中同一开关单元两侧的各DCDC变换电路是否满足预设低输入条件之后,若判断结果为否,则该控制方法还包括:Preferably, as shown in FIG. 8, after step S102, after judging whether each DCDC conversion circuit on both sides of the same switch unit in the power conversion device satisfies the preset low input condition, if the judgment result is no, the control method further includes:
S104、控制相应开关单元关断、相应开关单元连接的DCDC变换电路进 行斩波工作。S104, controlling the corresponding switch unit to be turned off, and the DCDC conversion circuit connected to the corresponding switch unit to perform chopping operation.
该集成控制器或者主控制器,在得到各个输入电压的检测值之后,在对其大小进行判断时,还会考量其是否可以使相应DCDC变换电路在满足要求的转换效率下进行斩波工作,比如MPPT工作,即判断其是否能够正常运行,若可以,则无需导通开关单元,各个DCDC变换电路直接进行斩波工作即可。The integrated controller or the main controller, after obtaining the detection values of each input voltage, will also consider whether it can make the corresponding DCDC conversion circuit perform chopping work at a conversion efficiency that meets the requirements when judging its size. For example, if MPPT works, it is judged whether it can operate normally. If yes, there is no need to turn on the switch unit, and each DCDC conversion circuit can directly perform chopping work.
值得说明的是,当该开关单元K1是二极管时,如图6所示,由于二极管D2的存在,电路斩波后,作为开关单元K1的二极管有截止的情况,所以相应DCDC变换电路还可以正常工作。It is worth noting that when the switch unit K1 is a diode, as shown in Figure 6, due to the existence of the diode D2, after the circuit is chopped, the diode as the switch unit K1 is cut off, so the corresponding DCDC conversion circuit can still be normal. Work.
另外,当某输入电压高于输出电路的电压时,相应DCDC变换电路的旁路单元将会自动导通,进而提高转换效率。In addition, when a certain input voltage is higher than the voltage of the output circuit, the bypass unit of the corresponding DCDC conversion circuit will be automatically turned on, thereby improving the conversion efficiency.
值得说明的是,实际应用中,该控制单元控制各个开关单元动作的过程,可以是带有滞环的控制;也即,优选的:It is worth noting that in practical applications, the process of the control unit controlling the action of each switch unit may be a control with a hysteresis; that is, preferably:
该预设低电压条件,包括:未上升到大于第一阈值,或,已下降到小于第二阈值;第二阈值小于第一阈值。The preset low voltage condition includes: not rising above the first threshold, or falling below the second threshold; the second threshold is smaller than the first threshold.
而该正常运行条件,包括:已上升到大于第一阈值,或,未下降到小于第二阈值;第二阈值小于第一阈值。The normal operating condition includes: the value has risen to be greater than the first threshold, or has not fallen to be less than the second threshold; the second threshold is less than the first threshold.
以光伏组串汇流箱或者光伏逆变器为例,每天清晨光照较弱时,各个输入电源的电压,即各个DCDC变换电路的输入电压,从零开始逐渐上升,当其未上升到大于第一阈值时,开关单元是受控导通的;当其上升到大于第一阈值之后,开关单元将会受控关断,DCDC变换电路进入MPPT工作。每天傍晚光照逐渐变弱时,各个输入电压又将从正常值逐渐下降,当其下降到小于第一阈值时并不控制开关单元导通,而是当其继续下降至小于第二阈值时,才控制开关单元导通,旁路掉DCDC变换电路、避免转换效率的降低。而在这任意光照较弱的情况下,若输入电压在两个阈值之间波动,则开关单元并不频繁动作,而是保持之前的状态,避免对于开关单元内器件的寿命折损。Take the photovoltaic string combiner box or photovoltaic inverter as an example, when the light is weak every morning, the voltage of each input power source, that is, the input voltage of each DCDC conversion circuit, gradually rises from zero. When the threshold value is reached, the switch unit is controlled to be turned on; when it rises to be greater than the first threshold value, the switch unit will be controlled to be turned off, and the DCDC conversion circuit enters the MPPT operation. When the light gradually weakens every evening, each input voltage will gradually drop from the normal value. When it drops below the first threshold, the switching unit is not controlled to be turned on, but when it continues to drop below the second threshold, the switch unit is turned on. The switching unit is controlled to be turned on, the DCDC conversion circuit is bypassed, and the reduction of conversion efficiency is avoided. In the case of weak arbitrary light, if the input voltage fluctuates between the two thresholds, the switching unit does not operate frequently, but maintains the previous state, avoiding damage to the life of the devices in the switching unit.
本申请另一实施例还提供了一种电力变换***,如图5、图6或图7所示,包括:至少两个输入电源(如图中所示的输入电源1和输入电源2),和,如 上述任一实施例所述的电力变换装置。该电力变换装置的结构设置及工作原理参见上述实施例即可,不再赘述。该电力变换装置的控制单元可以执行上述实施例中所述的控制方法,此处也不再赘述。Another embodiment of the present application also provides a power conversion system, as shown in FIG. 5 , FIG. 6 or FIG. 7 , including: at least two input power sources (input power source 1 and input power source 2 as shown in the figure), And, the power conversion device as described in any one of the above embodiments. The structural arrangement and working principle of the power conversion device can be referred to the above-mentioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here. The control unit of the power conversion device may execute the control methods described in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
实际应用中,该电力变换装置可以为:不带DCAC变换电路的直流汇流箱,或者,带DCAC变换电路的组串式逆变器。而该输入电源可以为:光伏组件、光伏组串或者储能电池。此处均不作具体限定,视其应用环境而定即可,均在本申请的保护范围内。In practical applications, the power conversion device may be: a DC combiner box without a DCAC conversion circuit, or a string inverter with a DCAC conversion circuit. The input power source can be: a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic string or an energy storage battery. No specific limitation is made here, it depends on the application environment, and all are within the protection scope of the present application.
其余的原理与上述实施例相同,此处不再一一赘述。The rest of the principles are the same as those in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
本说明书中的各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。尤其,对于***或***实施例而言,由于其基本相似于方法实施例,所以描述得比较简单,相关之处参见方法实施例的部分说明即可。以上所描述的***及***实施例仅仅是示意性的,其中所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的,作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元,即可以位于一个地方,或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本实施例方案的目的。本领域普通技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的情况下,即可以理解并实施。The same and similar parts of the various embodiments in this specification can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the system or the system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for relevant parts, please refer to the part of the description of the method embodiment. The systems and system embodiments described above are only illustrative, and the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is It can be located in one place, or it can be distributed to multiple network elements. Part or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. It can be understood and implemented by those skilled in the art without creative effort.
专业人员还可以进一步意识到,结合本文中所公开实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤,能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现,为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性,在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行,取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能,但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。Professionals can further realize that the units and algorithm steps described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interoperability of hardware and software Alternatively, in the above description, the components and steps of each example have been generally described according to their functions. Whether these functions are executed by hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be regarded as exceeding the scope of the present application.
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,本说明书中各实施例中记载的特征可以相互替换或者组合,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本申请。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本申请的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本申请将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。For the above description of the disclosed embodiments, the features recorded in each embodiment in this specification can be replaced or combined with each other, so that those skilled in the art can implement or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (17)

  1. 一种电力变换装置,其特征在于,包括:控制单元和受控于所述控制单元的至少两个DCDC变换电路及至少一个开关单元;其中:A power conversion device, characterized by comprising: a control unit, at least two DCDC conversion circuits and at least one switch unit controlled by the control unit; wherein:
    各个所述DCDC变换电路的输入端分别连接相应的输入电源,各个所述DCDC变换电路的输出端并联连接;The input ends of each of the DCDC conversion circuits are respectively connected to corresponding input power sources, and the output ends of each of the DCDC conversion circuits are connected in parallel;
    至少一个所述DCDC变换电路为输入输出共正极结构,至少一个所述DCDC变换电路为输入输出共负极结构;At least one of the DCDC conversion circuits has an input-output common positive structure, and at least one of the DCDC conversion circuits has an input-output common negative structure;
    至少一个输入输出共正极结构的所述DCDC变换电路的输入端负极,通过相应的所述开关单元,连接至少一个输入输出共负极结构的所述DCDC变换电路的输入端正极。The negative pole of the input terminal of at least one input-output common-positive structure of the DCDC conversion circuit is connected to the positive pole of the input terminal of at least one input-output common-negative pole structure of the DCDC conversion circuit through the corresponding switch unit.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电力变换装置,其特征在于,各所述DCDC变换电路,均通过各自相应的所述开关单元,连接另一种所述DCDC变换电路。The power conversion device according to claim 1, wherein each of the DCDC conversion circuits is connected to another type of the DCDC conversion circuit through their corresponding switching units.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电力变换装置,其特征在于,各所述开关单元的两侧,分别连接有一个或多个所述DCDC变换电路。The power conversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more DCDC conversion circuits are respectively connected to both sides of each of the switching units.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电力变换装置,其特征在于,所述开关单元包括:The power conversion device according to claim 1, wherein the switch unit comprises:
    继电器、接触器、半导体开关管以及二极管中的至少一个。At least one of relays, contactors, semiconductor switch tubes and diodes.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电力变换装置,其特征在于,所述DCDC变换电路包括:输入电容、输出电容和主电路;The power conversion device according to claim 1, wherein the DCDC conversion circuit comprises: an input capacitor, an output capacitor and a main circuit;
    所述输入电容设置于所述主电路的输入侧,所述输出电容设置于所述主电路的输出侧。The input capacitor is set on the input side of the main circuit, and the output capacitor is set on the output side of the main circuit.
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电力变换装置,其特征在于,所述DCDC变换电路包括:buck电路、boost电路或者buck-boost电路。The power conversion device according to claim 5, wherein the DCDC conversion circuit comprises: a buck circuit, a boost circuit or a buck-boost circuit.
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的电力变换装置,其特征在于,各所述DCDC变换电路上还分别设置有各自的旁路单元。The power conversion device according to claim 5, wherein each of the DCDC conversion circuits is further provided with its own bypass unit.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的电力变换装置,其特征在于,还包括:DCAC变换电路;The power conversion device according to claim 1, further comprising: a DCAC conversion circuit;
    所述DCAC变换电路的直流侧,通过直流母线连接各所述DCDC变换电 路的输出端。The DC side of the DCAC conversion circuit is connected to the output ends of each DCDC conversion circuit through a DC bus.
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的电力变换装置,其特征在于,所述控制单元包括:主控制器和各个所述DCDC变换电路的从控制器;The power conversion device according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the control unit comprises: a master controller and slave controllers of each of the DCDC conversion circuits;
    各所述从控制器均与所述主控制器通信连接。Each of the slave controllers is communicatively connected to the master controller.
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电力变换装置,其特征在于,所述主控制器为:***控制器;或者,The power conversion device according to claim 9, wherein the main controller is: a system controller; or,
    所述电力变换装置包括DCAC变换电路时,所述主控制器为:所述DCAC变换电路的控制器。When the power conversion device includes a DCAC conversion circuit, the main controller is: a controller of the DCAC conversion circuit.
  11. 一种电力变换装置的控制方法,其特征在于,应用于如权利要求1-10任一项所述的电力变换装置的控制单元,所述控制方法包括:A control method for a power conversion device, characterized in that it is applied to the control unit of the power conversion device according to any one of claims 1-10, the control method comprising:
    检测所述电力变换装置中各DCDC变换电路的输入电压;Detecting the input voltage of each DCDC conversion circuit in the power conversion device;
    判断所述电力变换装置中同一开关单元两侧的各所述DCDC变换电路是否满足预设低输入条件;judging whether each of the DCDC conversion circuits on both sides of the same switch unit in the power conversion device meets a preset low input condition;
    若判断结果为是,则控制相应所述开关单元导通。If the judgment result is yes, the corresponding switch unit is controlled to be turned on.
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电力变换装置的控制方法,其特征在于,判断所述电力变换装置中同一开关单元两侧的各所述DCDC变换电路是否满足预设低输入条件,包括:The control method of a power conversion device according to claim 11, wherein judging whether each of the DCDC conversion circuits on both sides of the same switch unit in the power conversion device meets a preset low input condition comprises:
    判断同一所述开关单元两侧各所述DCDC变换电路的输入电压中是否存在至少一个满足预设低电压条件;或者,judging whether at least one of the input voltages of the DCDC conversion circuits on both sides of the same switching unit satisfies a preset low voltage condition; or,
    判断同一所述开关单元两侧各所述DCDC变换电路的输入电压是否均满足所述预设低电压条件。It is judged whether the input voltages of the DCDC conversion circuits on both sides of the same switch unit satisfy the preset low voltage condition.
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电力变换装置的控制方法,其特征在于,在判断所述电力变换装置中同一开关单元两侧的各所述DCDC变换电路是否满足预设低输入条件之后,还包括:The control method of a power conversion device according to claim 12, characterized in that after judging whether each of the DCDC conversion circuits on both sides of the same switching unit in the power conversion device satisfies a preset low input condition, further comprising:
    若判断结果为否,则控制相应所述开关单元关断、相应所述开关单元连接的所述DCDC变换电路进行斩波工作。If the judgment result is negative, control the corresponding switch unit to be turned off and the DCDC conversion circuit connected to the corresponding switch unit to perform chopper operation.
  14. 根据权利要求11-13任一项所述的电力变换装置的控制方法,其特征在于,所述预设低电压条件,包括:The control method of a power conversion device according to any one of claims 11-13, wherein the preset low voltage condition includes:
    未上升到大于第一阈值,或,已下降到小于第二阈值;所述第二阈值小于 所述第一阈值。has not risen above the first threshold, or has fallen below the second threshold; the second threshold is less than the first threshold.
  15. 一种电力变换***,其特征在于,包括:至少两个输入电源,和,如权利要求1-10任一项所述的电力变换装置。A power conversion system, characterized by comprising: at least two input power sources, and the power conversion device according to any one of claims 1-10.
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的电力变换***,其特征在于,所述电力变换装置为:不带DCAC变换电路的直流汇流箱,或者,带DCAC变换电路的组串式逆变器。The power conversion system according to claim 15, wherein the power conversion device is a DC combiner box without a DCAC conversion circuit, or a string inverter with a DCAC conversion circuit.
  17. 根据权利要求15或16所述的电力变换***,其特征在于,所述输入电源为:光伏组件、光伏组串或者储能电池。The power conversion system according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the input power source is: a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic string or an energy storage battery.
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