WO2022227790A1

WO2022227790A1 - Foaming wire and preparation method, fdm printing method, printing device and storage medium

Info

Publication number: WO2022227790A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/076158
Authority: WO
Inventors: 黄宇立; 蒋铭波; 郝明洋; 罗小帆
Original assignee: 苏州聚复科技股份有限公司
Priority date: 2021-04-29
Filing date: 2022-02-14
Publication date: 2022-11-03
Also published as: CN113183455A

Abstract

The present application discloses a foaming wire, a preparation method, an FDM printing method, a printing device and a storage medium. The foaming wire comprises a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent, the mass percentage of the polymer elastomer resin is 70%-99.5%, and the mass percentage of the foaming agent is 0.5%-30%. The foaming wire has good foaming performance. A printing component formed by printing by using the foaming material can have advantages such as having a frosted surface, being light-weight and being soft as a whole.

Description

发泡线材及制备方法、FDM打印方法、打印设备及存储介质Foamed wire and preparation method, FDM printing method, printing equipment and storage medium

技术领域technical field

本申请涉及3D打印领域，具体的涉及一种发泡线材及制备方法、FDM打印方法、打印设备及存储介质。The present application relates to the field of 3D printing, in particular to a foamed wire material and a preparation method, an FDM printing method, a printing device and a storage medium.

背景技术Background technique

众所周知，传统的织物制造工艺都是纤维经过一定的编织工艺制备而成。受到编织工艺的限制，传统织物并不能完全自由地进行外观和功能设计，不能满足个性化的定制需求。As we all know, the traditional fabric manufacturing process is that the fibers are prepared by a certain weaving process. Restricted by the weaving process, traditional fabrics cannot be completely free for appearance and functional design, and cannot meet individualized customization needs.

在一些应用场景中，相关业者利用3D打印技术在现有织物上打印图案以实现一些个性化需求，但其仍因受到设计工具、打印方法等各种因素的限制，无法对织物的本体结构进行打印，故仍然无法满足织物设计上的多元化需求。In some application scenarios, the relevant industry uses 3D printing technology to print patterns on existing fabrics to achieve some personalized needs, but it is still limited by various factors such as design tools and printing methods, and it is impossible to carry out the main structure of the fabric. Printing, so it is still unable to meet the diversified needs of fabric design.

在另一些应用场景中，已有相关业者利用3D打印技术，例如熔融堆积成型(Fused Deposition Modeling，简称FDM)打印技术，打印形成某种类织物，但因打印材料及打印方式等因素的限制，形成的类织物存在重量较大、表面粗糙等问题。In other application scenarios, some relevant manufacturers have used 3D printing technology, such as Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) printing technology, to print a certain type of fabric, but due to the limitations of printing materials and printing methods, the formation of Such fabrics have problems such as heavy weight and rough surface.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

鉴于以上所述相关技术的缺点，本申请的目的在于提供一种发泡线材及制备方法、FDM打印方法、打印设备及存储介质，用以克服上述相关技术中存在的3D打印技术难以应用在织物打印上或打印的织物存在重量较大、表面粗糙等问题。In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned related art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a foamed wire material and a preparation method, an FDM printing method, a printing device and a storage medium, so as to overcome the difficulty of applying the 3D printing technology in the above-mentioned related art to fabrics The printed or printed fabric has problems such as heavier weight and rough surface.

为实现上述目的及其他相关目的，本申请第一方面公开一种基于FDM打印的发泡线材，所述发泡线材包括高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂，其中，所述高分子弹性体树脂的质量百分比为70％～99.5％，所述发泡剂的质量百分比为0.5％～30％。In order to achieve the above purpose and other related purposes, a first aspect of the present application discloses a foamed wire rod based on FDM printing, the foamed wire rod comprises a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent, wherein the polymer elastomer resin The mass percentage of the foaming agent is 70% to 99.5%, and the mass percentage of the foaming agent is 0.5% to 30%.

本申请第二方面公开一种如本申请第一方面所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材的制备方法，包括：将高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂置入螺杆挤出机挤出形成线条；牵引所述线条并将所述线条经冷却处理后成型，形成目标尺寸的发泡线材；在所述发泡线材中，所述高分子弹性体树脂的质量百分比为70％～99.5％，所述发泡剂的质量百分比为0.5％～30％。A second aspect of the present application discloses a method for preparing a foamed wire rod based on FDM printing as described in the first aspect of the present application, comprising: placing a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent into a screw extruder and extruding to form a wire ; Pull the wire and shape the wire after cooling to form a foamed wire of the target size; in the foamed wire, the mass percentage of the polymer elastomer resin is 70% to 99.5%, so The mass percentage of the foaming agent is 0.5% to 30%.

本申请第三方面公开一种FDM打印方法，应用于FDM打印设备，所述FDM打印方法包括以下步骤：读取FDM打印数据，所述FDM打印数据中包括至少一个横截层图案所对应的数据指令；控制FDM打印设备的喷头装置依据所述横截层图案沿打印路径向打印面挤出打印材料以得到一打印固化层；其中，所述打印材料为本申请第一方面所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材；根据所述横截层图案的数量重复以上步骤，以逐层累积打印固化层得到打印构件；所述打印构件具有磨砂表面。A third aspect of the present application discloses an FDM printing method, which is applied to an FDM printing device. The FDM printing method includes the following steps: reading FDM printing data, where the FDM printing data includes data corresponding to at least one cross-sectional layer pattern instruction; control the nozzle device of the FDM printing device to extrude the printing material along the printing path to the printing surface according to the cross-sectional layer pattern to obtain a printing solidified layer; wherein, the printing material is the FDM-based FDM described in the first aspect of the application The printed foamed wire; the above steps are repeated according to the number of the cross-sectional layer patterns to accumulate and print the cured layer layer by layer to obtain a printing member; the printing member has a frosted surface.

本申请第四方面公开一种FDM打印设备，包括打印平台、驱动装置、喷头装置、以及控制装置，所述喷头装置以预设的挤出倍率挤出为本申请第一方面所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材，所述挤出倍率与所述发泡线材的膨胀系数相关。A fourth aspect of the present application discloses an FDM printing device, including a printing platform, a driving device, a nozzle device, and a control device, wherein the nozzle device extrudes at a preset extrusion magnification for the FDM-based FDM described in the first aspect of the application For the printed foamed wire, the extrusion ratio is related to the expansion coefficient of the foamed wire.

本申请第五方面公开一种FDM打印织物，其打印过程中使用的线材是本申请第一方面所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材、或采用的打印工艺是如本申请第三方面所述的FDM打印方法、或使用线材的制备工艺是如本申请第二方面所述的制备方法，所述FDM打印织物具有磨砂表面。A fifth aspect of the present application discloses an FDM printing fabric, the filament used in the printing process is the foamed filament based on FDM printing described in the first aspect of the present application, or the adopted printing process is as described in the third aspect of the present application The FDM printing method, or the preparation process using the wire, is the preparation method described in the second aspect of the present application, and the FDM printing fabric has a frosted surface.

本申请第六方面公开一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有至少一计算机程序，所述至少一计算机程序在被处理器调用时执行并实现如本申请第五方面所述的FDM打印方法。A sixth aspect of the present application discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing at least one computer program, and the at least one computer program executes and implements the FDM printing method according to the fifth aspect of the present application when called by a processor.

综上所述，本申请可提供新的基于FDM打印的发泡线材并利用所述发泡线材进行FDM打印以打印出具有磨砂表面且整体轻盈柔软的织物结构，实现传统织物无法实现的结构设计，从而提高织物在外观和功能上的设计自由度，满足各种个性化的需求。To sum up, the present application can provide a new foamed wire based on FDM printing and use the foamed wire for FDM printing to print a fabric structure with a matte surface and an overall light and soft fabric structure, so as to realize the structural design that cannot be realized by traditional fabrics. , so as to improve the design freedom of the fabric in appearance and function, and meet various personalized needs.

本领域技术人员能够从下文的详细描述中容易地洞察到本申请的其它方面和优势。下文的详细描述中仅显示和描述了本申请的示例性实施方式。如本领域技术人员将认识到的，本申请的内容使得本领域技术人员能够对所公开的具体实施方式进行改动而不脱离本申请所涉及发明的精神和范围。相应地，本申请的附图和说明书中的描述仅仅是示例性的，而非为限制性的。Other aspects and advantages of the present application can be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art from the following detailed description. Only exemplary embodiments of the present application are shown and described in the following detailed description. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the content of this application enables those skilled in the art to make changes to the specific embodiments disclosed without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention to which this application relates. Accordingly, the drawings and descriptions in the specification of the present application are only exemplary and not restrictive.

附图说明Description of drawings

本申请所涉及的发明的具体特征如所附权利要求书所显示。通过参考下文中详细描述的示例性实施方式和附图能够更好地理解本申请所涉及发明的特点和优势。对附图简要说明书如下：The invention to which this application relates is set forth with particularity characteristic of the appended claims. The features and advantages of the inventions involved in this application can be better understood by reference to the exemplary embodiments described in detail hereinafter and the accompanying drawings. A brief description of the drawings is as follows:

图1显示为本申请基于FDM打印的发泡线材的制备方法在一实施例中的流程示意图。FIG. 1 shows a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of a method for preparing a foamed wire based on FDM printing of the present application.

图2显示为本申请FDM打印设备在一实施例中的简化结构示意图。FIG. 2 shows a simplified schematic diagram of the structure of the FDM printing apparatus of the present application in an embodiment.

图3显示为本申请FDM打印方法在一实施例中的示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the FDM printing method of the present application.

图4显示为本申请一实施例中的由发泡线材打印的鞋面织物的示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a shoe upper fabric printed from a foamed wire in an embodiment of the present application.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下由特定的具体实施例说明本申请的实施方式，熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本申请的其他优点及功效。The embodiments of the present application are described below by specific specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the contents disclosed in this specification.

在下述描述中，参考附图，附图描述了本申请的若干实施例。应当理解，还可使用其他实施例，并且可以在不背离本公开的精神和范围的情况下进行模块或单元组成、电气以及操作上的改变。下面的详细描述不应该被认为是限制性的，并且本申请的实施例的范围仅由公布的专利的权利要求所限定。这里使用的术语仅是为了描述特定实施例，而并非旨在限制本申请。In the following description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which describe several embodiments of the present application. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and modular or unit compositional, electrical, as well as operational changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. The following detailed description should not be considered limiting, and the scope of embodiments of the present application is limited only by the claims of the issued patent. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application.

虽然在一些实例中术语第一、第二等在本文中用来描述各种元件、信息或参数，但是这些元件或参数不应当被这些术语限制。这些术语仅用来将一个元件或参数与另一个元件或参数进行区分。Although in some instances the terms first, second, etc. are used herein to describe various elements, information or parameters, these elements or parameters should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element or parameter from another element or parameter.

再者，如同在本文中所使用的，单数形式“一”、“一个”和“该”旨在也包括复数形式，除非上下文中有相反的指示。应当进一步理解，术语“包含”、“包括”表明存在所述的特征、步骤、操作、元件、组件、项目、种类、和/或组，但不排除一个或多个其他特征、步骤、操作、元件、组件、项目、种类、和/或组的存在、出现或添加。此处使用的术语“或”和“和/或”被解释为包括性的，或意味着任一个或任何组合。因此，“A、B或C”或者“A、B和/或C”意味着“以下任一个：A；B；C；A和B；A和C；B和C；A、B和C”。仅当元件、功能、步骤或操作的组合在某些方式下内在地互相排斥时，才会出现该定义的例外。Also, as used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context dictates otherwise. It should be further understood that the terms "comprising", "comprising" indicate the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, components, items, kinds, and/or groups, but do not exclude one or more other features, steps, operations, The existence, appearance or addition of elements, assemblies, items, categories, and/or groups. The terms "or" and "and/or" as used herein are to be construed to be inclusive or to mean any one or any combination. Thus, "A, B or C" or "A, B and/or C" means "any of the following: A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; A, B and C" . Exceptions to this definition arise only when combinations of elements, functions, steps, or operations are inherently mutually exclusive in some way.

呈如背景技术中所述，传统的织物都是纤维经过一定的编织工艺制备而成。例如，通过纤维纺成纱线，再由织机编织制形成面料的织物结构。这种传统织物结构的密度均匀，且受到工艺限制无法对外观和结构进行自由设计。As described in the background art, traditional fabrics are prepared from fibers through a certain weaving process. For example, fibers are spun into yarns, which are then woven by looms to form fabric structures. The density of this traditional fabric structure is uniform, and the appearance and structure cannot be freely designed due to technological limitations.

在另一些应用场景中，已有相关业者利用3D打印技术，例如熔融堆积成型(Fused Deposition Modeling，简称FDM)打印技术，打印形成某种类织物，但因打印材料及打印方式等因素的限制，形成的类织物存在重量较大、表面粗糙等问题。为了解决基于FDM技术打印的构件表面印物件的表面粗糙问题，例如层纹。一般的后处理方法有机械打磨抛光和化学药剂蒸汽抛光的方法。机械打磨抛光对打印构件的基体树脂没有要求，但需要人工操作，劳动强度大，耗费时间长，而且有时会破坏打印构件的完整性，成功率低。而化学试剂一般对人体有一定毒性，对环境会造成污染并且试剂不易购买。In other application scenarios, some relevant manufacturers have used 3D printing technology, such as Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) printing technology, to print a certain type of fabric, but due to the limitations of printing materials and printing methods, the formation of Such fabrics have problems such as heavy weight and rough surface. In order to solve the surface roughness problem of the printed parts on the surface of components printed by FDM technology, such as layering. The general post-processing methods include mechanical polishing and chemical vapor polishing. Mechanical grinding and polishing does not require the matrix resin of the printed component, but requires manual operation, which is labor-intensive, takes a long time, and sometimes destroys the integrity of the printed component, resulting in a low success rate. The chemical reagents are generally toxic to the human body, cause pollution to the environment, and the reagents are not easy to buy.

FDM打印技术有时也会被称为熔丝制造(Fused Filament Fabrication，简称FFF)是热塑性聚合物最常用的3D打印技术之一。虽然存在一些不同的形式，但该技术一般使用连续的热塑性聚合物线材或线粒，通过将其送入加热喷嘴，使其熔融形成粘性熔体并通过喷嘴持续挤出。同时，喷嘴或挤出机组件在步进电机和计算机辅助制造软件(Computer Aided Manufacturing，简称CAM)的精确控制下进行三维运动来构建物件。物件的第一层通常直接打印在某一打印基板上，后续的打印层不断叠加，并通过降温凝固融合(或部分融合)到前一层。该过程一直持续到打印构件完全构造好为止。FDM printing technology, also sometimes referred to as Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), is one of the most commonly used 3D printing technologies for thermoplastic polymers. Although a few different forms exist, this technology generally uses a continuous strand or strand of thermoplastic polymer by feeding it into a heated nozzle where it is melted to form a viscous melt and continuously extruded through the nozzle. At the same time, the nozzle or extruder assembly moves in three dimensions under the precise control of stepper motors and Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) software to build the object. The first layer of the object is usually printed directly on a certain printing substrate, and the subsequent printing layers are continuously superimposed and fused (or partially fused) to the previous layer by cooling and solidification. This process continues until the print component is fully constructed.

FDM打印技术在建筑、艺术、工业设计、玩具等模型制作领域得到广泛应用，同时，随着技术发展，FDM也开始涉足一些新领域，例如制鞋领域。在某些应用场景中，可利用FDM打印技术打印鞋面部分，鞋面部分常用的打印材料为弹性体材料(例如热塑性聚氨酯弹性体，Thermoplastic Urethane，简称TPU)，以TPU材料为例，TPU材料打印的鞋面具有较强的塑料感：鞋面整体反光、手感上偏硬、手感上有粘油性，另外，因为TPU材料本身的密度较大，打印的鞋面往往重量较大，而为减轻重量，鞋面设计上只能设计成镂空状。因此，开发新的打印材料对于3D打印领域的快速发展具有十分重大的意义。FDM printing technology has been widely used in model making fields such as architecture, art, industrial design, toys, etc. At the same time, with the development of technology, FDM has also begun to get involved in some new fields, such as shoemaking. In some application scenarios, FDM printing technology can be used to print the upper part. The commonly used printing material for the upper part is an elastomer material (such as thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, Thermoplastic Urethane, referred to as TPU). Take TPU material as an example, TPU material The printed vamp has a strong plastic feel: the vamp is reflective as a whole, hard to the touch, and sticky and oily to the hand. In addition, because of the high density of the TPU material itself, the printed vamp tends to be heavier. Weight, the vamp design can only be designed into a hollow shape. Therefore, the development of new printing materials is of great significance for the rapid development of the 3D printing field.

有鉴于此，本申请在第一方面公开一种基于FDM打印的发泡线材，该发泡线材在线材加工成型过程中可一次发泡，并且在FDM打印过程中可二次发泡，使得打印出的打印构件的表面有一种磨砂质感，并使得所述打印构件整体轻盈柔软。In view of this, the present application discloses, in a first aspect, a foamed wire rod based on FDM printing, the foamed wire rod can be foamed once during the processing and molding of the wire rod, and can be foamed twice during the FDM printing process, so that the printing The surface of the printed component has a matte texture, and the printed component is light and soft as a whole.

本申请公开的基于FDM打印的发泡线材包括高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂，其中，所述高分子弹性体树脂的质量百分比为70％～99.5％，所述发泡剂的质量百分比为0.5％～30％。The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing disclosed in this application includes a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent, wherein the mass percentage of the polymer elastomer resin is 70% to 99.5%, and the mass percentage of the foaming agent is 0.5% to 30%.

所述高分子弹性体树脂的质量百分比为70％～99.5％，在不同的实施例中，所述高分子弹性体树脂的质量百分比可以为70％、71％、72％、73％、74％、75％、76％、77％、78％、79％、80％、81％、82％、83％、84％、85％、86％、87％、88％、89％、90％、91％、92％、93％、94％、95％、96％、97％、98％、99％，当然，上述质量百分比可能在上述70％～99.5％之间范围内会呈现任意的非整数，例如，90.1％、90.2％、90.3％、90.4％、90.5％、90.6％、90.7％、90.8％、90.9％等。The mass percentage of the polymer elastomer resin is 70% to 99.5%, and in different embodiments, the mass percentage of the polymer elastomer resin can be 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74% , 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91 %, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, of course, the above mass percentage may present any non-integer within the range of 70% to 99.5%, For example, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, etc.

所述高分子弹性体树脂可采用但不限于：热塑性聚氨酯弹性体TPU、热塑性弹性体TPE、热塑橡胶材料TPR、热塑性聚酯弹性体TPEE、热塑性硫化橡胶TPV、尼龙基弹性体、或它们中的任一组合。The polymer elastomer resin can be used but not limited to: thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer TPU, thermoplastic elastomer TPE, thermoplastic rubber material TPR, thermoplastic polyester elastomer TPEE, thermoplastic vulcanizate TPV, nylon-based elastomer, or any of them. any combination.

以TPU为例，TPU作为弹性体是介于橡胶和塑料之间的一种材料，其弹性模量在10Mpa～1000Mpa，硬度范围宽(60HA-85HD)，且在很宽的温度范围内(-40℃～120℃)，具有良好的柔性。TPU因其良好的耐溶剂性、耐候性以及极优的耐高能射线性能，在日用品、体育用品、玩具、装饰材料等领域得到广泛应用。Take TPU as an example. As an elastomer, TPU is a material between rubber and plastic. Its elastic modulus is 10Mpa~1000Mpa, its hardness range is wide (60HA-85HD), and it is in a wide temperature range (- 40℃～120℃), with good flexibility. TPU is widely used in daily necessities, sporting goods, toys, decorative materials and other fields because of its good solvent resistance, weather resistance and excellent resistance to high-energy rays.

所述发泡剂的质量百分比为0.5％～30％。在某些实施例中，所述发泡剂的质量百分比为1％～20％。在某些实施例中，所述发泡剂的质量百分比为1％～6％。The mass percentage of the foaming agent is 0.5% to 30%. In some embodiments, the mass percentage of the foaming agent is 1% to 20%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the foaming agent is 1% to 6%.

以所述发泡剂的质量百分比为1％～6％为例，在不同的实施例中，所述发泡剂的质量百分比可以是1％、2％、3％、4％、5％、6％，当然，上述质量百分比可能在上述1％～6％之间范围内会呈现任意的非整数，例如，2.1％、2.2％、2.3％、2.4％、2.5％、2.6％、2.7％、2.8％、2.9％等。Taking the mass percentage of the foaming agent as 1% to 6% as an example, in different embodiments, the mass percentage of the foaming agent may be 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, of course, the above mass percentage may present any non-integer within the range of 1% to 6%, for example, 2.1%, 2.2%, 2.3%, 2.4%, 2.5%, 2.6%, 2.7%, 2.8%, 2.9%, etc.

所述发泡剂可采用但不限于：微球发泡剂、AC发泡剂、或白发泡剂。The foaming agent may be, but not limited to, microsphere foaming agent, AC foaming agent, or white foaming agent.

微球发泡剂是一种乳白色的微小球状塑料颗粒，直径为10微米至45微米，在加热到一定温度时，微球发泡剂的热塑性壳体软化，壳体内的气体膨胀，发泡剂的体积可以迅速增大到自身的几十倍，发泡后的微球外壳不会破裂，仍保持一个完整的密封球体。以微球发泡剂作为发泡剂，则所述微球发泡剂的质量百分比为0.5％～15％。在某些实施例中，所述微球发泡剂的质量百分比为1％～10％。在某些实施例中，所述微球发泡剂的质量百分比为1％～6％。Microsphere foaming agent is a milky white tiny spherical plastic particle with a diameter of 10 microns to 45 microns. When heated to a certain temperature, the thermoplastic shell of the microsphere foaming agent softens, the gas in the shell expands, and the foaming agent The volume of the microsphere can be rapidly increased to dozens of times its own, and the foamed microsphere shell will not be broken, and still maintain a complete sealed sphere. Using the microsphere foaming agent as the foaming agent, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 0.5% to 15%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 10%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 6%.

AC发泡剂可在很窄的温度范围及极短的时间内分解产生大量气体，而且生成的气体和残余物无毒、无臭、无污染、不着色、不腐蚀加工设备、不影响制品的力学性能和稳定性，在塑料和橡胶中有很好的分散性，形成的泡孔细密均匀，是现今应用范围非常广泛的有机发泡剂。以AC发泡剂作为发泡剂，则所述AC发泡剂的质量百分比为0.5％～15％。在某些实施例中，所述微球发泡剂的质量百分比为1％～8％。在某些实施例中，所述微球发泡剂的质量百分比为1％～6％。AC foaming agent can decompose into a large amount of gas in a very narrow temperature range and in a very short time, and the generated gas and residue are non-toxic, odorless, non-polluting, non-coloring, non-corrosive to processing equipment, and do not affect the quality of products. Mechanical properties and stability, good dispersibility in plastics and rubbers, and fine and uniform cells formed. It is an organic foaming agent with a very wide range of applications today. Taking the AC foaming agent as the foaming agent, the mass percentage of the AC foaming agent is 0.5% to 15%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 8%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 6%.

白发泡剂是属于吸热型的白色固泡剂，分解时放出的气体无臭味，分解残渣为白色，发泡时可以不添加助剂或活化剂，其性能稳定，具有良好的分散性，使用该发泡剂的产品具有良好的色度，泡孔均匀致密。以白发泡剂作为发泡剂，则所述白发泡剂的质量百分比为0.5％～20％。在某些实施例中，所述微球发泡剂的质量百分比为1％～15％。在某些实施例中，所述微球发泡剂的质量百分比为1％～10％。White foaming agent is an endothermic white solid foaming agent. The gas released during decomposition has no odor, and the decomposition residue is white. No additives or activators can be added during foaming, and its performance is stable and has good dispersibility. , the product using this foaming agent has good chromaticity, and the cells are uniform and dense. Taking the white foaming agent as the foaming agent, the mass percentage of the white foaming agent is 0.5% to 20%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 15%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 10%.

当然，本申请公开的基于FDM打印的发泡线材除了高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂之外，还可包括其他添加剂，例如色母料(color concentrate)、抗氧化/老化剂、加工助剂等。其中，所述色母料是由树脂和大量颜料(达50％或以上)或染料配制成高浓度颜色的混合物。Of course, in addition to the polymer elastomer resin and foaming agent, the FDM-based foamed wire disclosed in this application may also include other additives, such as color concentrate, antioxidant/aging agent, and processing aid. Wait. Wherein, the color masterbatch is a mixture of resins and a large amount of pigments (up to 50% or more) or dyes formulated into high-concentration colors.

在制备所述发泡线材时，是将高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂按照一定的质量百分比充分混合后经螺杆挤出机挤出成型的。When preparing the foamed wire, the polymer elastomer resin and the foaming agent are fully mixed according to a certain mass percentage and then extruded through a screw extruder.

在某些实施例中，所述螺杆挤出机为单螺杆挤出机，即，所述发泡线材是由高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂混合后经单螺杆挤出机挤出成型的。In some embodiments, the screw extruder is a single-screw extruder, that is, the foamed strand is extruded by a single-screw extruder after mixing a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent .

在某些应用中，利用单螺杆挤出机挤出成型发泡线材的方式可包括：将高分子弹性体树脂粒子和发泡剂粉末进行混合，将混合的高分子弹性体树脂粒子和发泡剂置入单螺杆挤出机挤出形成发泡线材。In some applications, the method of extruding the foamed wire rod with a single-screw extruder may include: mixing the polymer elastomer resin particles and foaming agent powder, mixing the mixed polymer elastomer resin particles and foaming The agent is put into a single-screw extruder and extruded to form a foamed strand.

在某些应用中，利用单螺杆挤出机挤出成型发泡线材的方式可包括：将高分子弹性体树脂粒子和发泡母粒进行混合，将混合的高分子弹性体树脂粒子和发泡母粒置入单螺杆挤出机挤出形成发泡线材。In some applications, the method of extruding the foamed wire rod with a single-screw extruder may include: mixing the polymer elastomer resin particles and the foamed masterbatch, mixing the mixed polymer elastomer resin particles and foaming The masterbatch is put into a single-screw extruder and extruded to form a foamed strand.

关于所述发泡母粒，在某些实施例中，可由双螺杆挤出机制备发泡母粒。在某些应用中，利用双螺杆挤出机制备发泡母粒的方式可包括：将发泡剂粉末和树脂粒子进行混合，将混合的发泡剂粉末和树脂粒子置于双螺杆挤出机挤出，形成发泡母粒。Regarding the foamed masterbatch, in certain embodiments, the foamed masterbatch can be prepared by a twin-screw extruder. In some applications, the method of preparing the foaming masterbatch by using a twin-screw extruder may include: mixing blowing agent powder and resin particles, and placing the mixed blowing agent powder and resin particles in the twin-screw extruder Extruded to form foamed masterbatch.

其中，制备发泡母粒所适用的树脂粒子是要与所述高分子弹性体树脂粒子相容的，例如，所述树脂粒子的材质与所述高分子弹性体树脂粒子的材质是相同或相似的。Wherein, the resin particles suitable for preparing the foamed master batch should be compatible with the polymer elastomer resin particles, for example, the material of the resin particles is the same or similar to the material of the polymer elastomer resin particles of.

由螺杆挤出机挤出成型的发泡线材要符合规定的目标尺寸。The foamed strand extruded by the screw extruder should meet the specified target size.

在某些实施例中，所述发泡线材具有1.65mm～1.85mm的直径，例如，1.70mm～1.80mm的直径。In certain embodiments, the foamed wire has a diameter of 1.65 mm to 1.85 mm, eg, a diameter of 1.70 mm to 1.80 mm.

在不同的实施例中，所述发泡线材的直径可以为1.65mm、1.66mm、1.67mm、1.68mm、1.69mm、1.70mm、1.71mm、1.72mm、1.73mm、1.74mm、1.75mm、1.76mm、1.77mm、1.78mm、1.79mm、1.80mm、1.81mm、1.82mm、1.83mm、1.84mm、1.85mm，当然，上述直径的数值可能在上述1.65mm～1.85mm之间范围内会呈现任意的数值。In different embodiments, the diameter of the foamed wire may be 1.65mm, 1.66mm, 1.67mm, 1.68mm, 1.69mm, 1.70mm, 1.71mm, 1.72mm, 1.73mm, 1.74mm, 1.75mm, 1.76mm mm, 1.77mm, 1.78mm, 1.79mm, 1.80mm, 1.81mm, 1.82mm, 1.83mm, 1.84mm, 1.85mm, of course, the value of the above diameter may be arbitrary within the range of 1.65mm to 1.85mm. value of .

在某些实施例中，所述发泡线材具有2.75mm～3.15mm的直径，例如，2.80mm～3.10mm的直径。In certain embodiments, the foamed wire has a diameter of 2.75 mm to 3.15 mm, eg, a diameter of 2.80 mm to 3.10 mm.

在不同的实施例中，所述发泡线材的直径可以为2.75mm、2.76mm、2.77mm、2.78mm、2.79mm、2.80mm、2.81mm、2.82mm、2.83mm、2.84mm、2.85mm、2.86mm、2.87mm、2.88mm、2.89mm、2.90mm、2.91mm、2.92mm、2.93mm、2.94mm、2.95mm、2.96mm、2.97mm、2.98mm、2.99mm、3.00mm、3.01mm、3.02mm、3.03mm、3.04mm、3.05mm、3.06mm、3.07mm、3.08mm、3.09mm、3.10mm、3.11mm、3.12mm、3.13mm、3.14mm、3.15mm，当然，上述直径的数值可能在上述2.75mm～3.15mm之间范围内会呈现任意的数值。In different embodiments, the diameter of the foamed wire may be 2.75mm, 2.76mm, 2.77mm, 2.78mm, 2.79mm, 2.80mm, 2.81mm, 2.82mm, 2.83mm, 2.84mm, 2.85mm, 2.86mm mm, 2.87mm, 2.88mm, 2.89mm, 2.90mm, 2.91mm, 2.92mm, 2.93mm, 2.94mm, 2.95mm, 2.96mm, 2.97mm, 2.98mm, 2.99mm, 3.00mm, 3.01mm, 3.02mm, 3.03mm, 3.04mm, 3.05mm, 3.06mm, 3.07mm, 3.08mm, 3.09mm, 3.10mm, 3.11mm, 3.12mm, 3.13mm, 3.14mm, 3.15mm, of course, the value of the above diameter may be in the above 2.75mm Arbitrary values will appear within the range of ~3.15mm.

在某些实施例中，所述发泡线材的密度为0.5g/cm ³～1.0g/cm ³。 In certain embodiments, the foamed wire has a density of 0.5 g/cm ³ to 1.0 g/cm ³ .

在不同的实施例中，所述发泡线材的密度可以为0.50g/cm ³、0.55g/cm ³、0.60g/cm ³、0.65g/cm ³、0.70g/cm ³、0.75g/cm ³、0.80g/cm ³、0.85g/cm ³、0.90g/cm ³、0.95g/cm ³、1.0g/cm ³，当然，上述直径的数值可能在上述0.5g/cm ³～1.0g/cm ³之间范围内会呈现任意的数值。 In different embodiments, the density of the foamed wire may be 0.50g/ ^cm3 , 0.55g/ ^cm3 , 0.60g/ ^cm3 , 0.65g/ ^cm3 , 0.70g/ ^cm3 , 0.75g/cm3 ³ , 0.80g/cm ³ , 0.85g/cm ³ , 0.90g/cm ³ , 0.95g/cm ³ , 1.0g/cm ³ , of course, the value of the above diameter may be in the above 0.5g/cm ³ ～1.0g/ Any value in the range between cm ³ will be presented.

综上，所述公开的基于FDM打印的发泡线材包括高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂，其中，所述高分子弹性体树脂的质量百分比为70％～99.5％，所述发泡剂的质量百分比为0.5％～30％，通，该发泡线材在线材加工成型过程中可产生一次发泡，相比于普通的线材，具有密度小、质量轻、表面磨砂等优点。To sum up, the disclosed foamed wire rod based on FDM printing includes a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent, wherein the mass percentage of the polymer elastomer resin is 70% to 99.5%, and the mass percentage of the foaming agent is 70% to 99.5%. The mass percentage is 0.5% to 30%, and the foamed wire rod can produce one-time foaming during the processing and molding of the wire rod. Compared with the ordinary wire rod, it has the advantages of low density, light weight and frosted surface.

本申请在第二方面公开一种基于FDM打印的发泡线材的制备方法，利用所述制备方法可制备出符合前述特性的发泡线材。In a second aspect, the present application discloses a preparation method of a foamed wire rod based on FDM printing, and the foamed wire rod with the aforementioned characteristics can be prepared by the preparation method.

请参阅图1，显示为本申请基于FDM打印的发泡线材的制备方法在一实施例中的流程示意图。如图1所示，所述基于FDM打印的发泡线材的制备方法包括如下步骤：Please refer to FIG. 1 , which shows a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of a method for preparing a foamed wire material based on FDM printing of the present application. As shown in Figure 1, the preparation method of the foamed wire based on FDM printing includes the following steps:

步骤S110，将高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂置入螺杆挤出机挤出形成线条。In step S110, the polymer elastomer resin and the foaming agent are put into the screw extruder and extruded to form a line.

在步骤S110中，所述螺杆挤出机可例如包括单螺杆挤出机。In step S110, the screw extruder may include, for example, a single screw extruder.

在某些实施例中，所述高分子弹性体树脂可采用微粒形式，所述发泡剂则采用粉末形式，即，在步骤S110中，将高分子弹性体树脂粒子和发泡剂粉末进行混合，将混合的高分子弹性体树脂粒子和发泡剂置入单螺杆挤出机挤出形成线条。In some embodiments, the polymer elastomer resin may be in the form of particles, and the foaming agent may be in the form of powder, that is, in step S110, the polymer elastomer resin particles and the foaming agent powder are mixed , put the mixed polymer elastomer resin particles and foaming agent into a single-screw extruder and extrude to form a line.

在某些实施例中，所述高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂采用的是微粒形式，即，在步骤S110中，将高分子弹性体树脂粒子和发泡母粒进行混合，将混合的高分子弹性体树脂粒子和发泡母粒置入单螺杆挤出机挤出形成线条。In some embodiments, the polymer elastomer resin and the foaming agent are in the form of particles, that is, in step S110, the polymer elastomer resin particles and the foaming masterbatch are mixed, and the mixed high Molecular elastomer resin particles and foamed masterbatches are put into a single-screw extruder and extruded to form strands.

其中，将发泡剂粉末和树脂粒子进行混合的方式可包括：将高分子弹性体树脂粒子与发泡母粒放在一起(例如放入容器中)并通过例如机械搅拌等方式将两者充分混合以形成所需的预制混合物料。Wherein, the way of mixing the foaming agent powder and the resin particles may include: putting the polymer elastomer resin particles and the foaming masterbatch together (for example, putting them in a container) and mixing the two sufficiently by means such as mechanical stirring. Mix to form the desired premix.

关于所述发泡母粒，可直接采购或者制备得到。因此，在某些实施例中，所述螺杆挤出机还可包括双螺杆挤出机，利用双螺杆挤出机来制备发泡母粒。利用双螺杆挤出机制备发泡母粒的方式可包括：将发泡剂粉末和树脂粒子进行混合，将混合的发泡剂粉末和树脂粒子置于双螺杆挤出机挤出，并通过冷却、剪切等处理后，最终形成发泡母粒。Regarding the foaming masterbatch, it can be directly purchased or prepared. Therefore, in some embodiments, the screw extruder may further include a twin-screw extruder, and the twin-screw extruder is used to prepare the foamed masterbatch. The method of preparing the foaming masterbatch by using a twin-screw extruder may include: mixing the blowing agent powder and resin particles, extruding the mixed blowing agent powder and resin particles in the twin-screw extruder, and cooling After treatment, such as shearing, etc., the foamed masterbatch is finally formed.

在将高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂置入螺杆挤出机时，要注意控制两者的配比，以使得制备得到的发泡线材符合要求。When putting the polymer elastomer resin and foaming agent into the screw extruder, attention should be paid to controlling the ratio of the two, so that the prepared foamed wire meets the requirements.

其中，微球发泡剂是一种乳白色的微小球状塑料颗粒，直径为10微米至45微米，在加热到一定温度时，微球发泡剂的热塑性壳体软化，壳体内的气体膨胀，发泡剂的体积可以迅速增大到自身的几十倍，发泡后的微球外壳不会破裂，仍保持一个完整的密封球体。Among them, the microsphere foaming agent is a milky white tiny spherical plastic particle with a diameter of 10 microns to 45 microns. When heated to a certain temperature, the thermoplastic shell of the microsphere foaming agent softens, and the gas in the shell expands. The volume of the foaming agent can be rapidly increased to dozens of times of itself, and the shell of the foamed microspheres will not be broken, and still maintain a complete sealed sphere.

其中，AC发泡剂可在很窄的温度范围及极短的时间内分解产生大量气体，而且生成的气体和残余物无毒、无臭、无污染、不着色、不腐蚀加工设备、不影响制品的力学性能和稳定性，在塑料和橡胶中有很好的分散性，形成的泡孔细密均匀，是现今应用范围非常广泛的有机发泡剂。Among them, AC foaming agent can decompose into a large amount of gas in a very narrow temperature range and in a very short time, and the generated gas and residue are non-toxic, odorless, pollution-free, non-coloring, non-corrosive to processing equipment, and do not affect The mechanical properties and stability of the product have good dispersibility in plastics and rubber, and the formed cells are fine and uniform. It is an organic foaming agent with a very wide range of applications today.

其中，白发泡剂是属于吸热型的白色固泡剂，分解时放出的气体无臭味，分解残渣为白色，发泡时可以不添加助剂或活化剂，其性能稳定，具有良好的分散性，使用该发泡剂的产品具有良好的色度，泡孔均匀致密。Among them, the white foaming agent is an endothermic white solid foaming agent. The gas released during decomposition has no odor, and the decomposition residue is white. No additives or activators can be added during foaming. Its performance is stable and has good Dispersibility, the products using this foaming agent have good chromaticity, and the cells are uniform and dense.

一般地，以单螺杆挤出机为例，单螺杆挤出机中的螺杆可包括但不限于：喂料段、压缩段、均化段(计量段)、以及圆柱形口模。Generally, taking a single-screw extruder as an example, the screw in the single-screw extruder may include, but is not limited to, a feeding section, a compression section, a homogenization section (metering section), and a cylindrical die.

以高分子弹性体树脂粒子与发泡母粒充分混合形成预制混合物料为例，所述线条是通过将预制混合物料通过单螺杆挤出机熔融挤出而形成的。Taking the polymer elastomer resin particles and the foamed masterbatch fully mixed to form a prefabricated mixture as an example, the lines are formed by melt-extruding the prefabricated mixture through a single-screw extruder.

其中，所述喂料段是用于对预制混合物料进行预热，使其受压后挤实，但要求不能将预制混合物料加热塑化，同时也要控制发泡剂的膨胀状况以避免其过度膨胀，因此，在所述喂料段的设定温度应充分考虑高分子弹性体树脂的塑化温度以及发泡剂的膨胀状况，例如，在某些实施例中，可将所述喂料段的加热温度控制在小于等于一设定温度，以确保所述预制混合物料中高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂在喂料过程中的稳定性。其中，所述设定温度是根据高分子弹性体树脂的塑化温度以及发泡剂的膨胀温度相关。Wherein, the feeding section is used to preheat the prefabricated mixed material to make it compact after being pressed, but it is required that the prefabricated mixed material cannot be heated and plasticized, and the expansion of the blowing agent should also be controlled to avoid its Excessive expansion, therefore, the set temperature in the feeding section should fully consider the plasticizing temperature of the polymer elastomer resin and the expansion of the foaming agent. For example, in some embodiments, the feeding can be The heating temperature of the section is controlled to be less than or equal to a set temperature to ensure the stability of the polymer elastomer resin and the blowing agent in the pre-mixed material during the feeding process. The set temperature is related to the plasticization temperature of the polymer elastomer resin and the expansion temperature of the foaming agent.

在所述螺杆的压缩段和均化段，温度设置要比在所述喂料段更高些。例如，可将压缩段的加热温度设置在预制混合物料的塑化温度之上，以确保由所述喂料段输送过来的预制混合物料在所述压缩段充分塑化。另外，可将均化段的加热温度设置地比在压缩段更高，从而可起到进一步均匀塑化预制混合物料和进一步混炼的作用，在均化段，可将熔融的物料进行准确、定量地输送。In the compression section and homogenization section of the screw, the temperature setting is higher than in the feeding section. For example, the heating temperature of the compression section can be set above the plasticization temperature of the premixed material to ensure that the preformed mixed material conveyed from the feeding section is sufficiently plasticized in the compression section. In addition, the heating temperature in the homogenization section can be set higher than that in the compression section, so as to further uniformly plasticize the prefabricated mixture and further mix it. In the homogenization section, the molten material can be accurately, Quantitative delivery.

上述各个区段的温度设置仅为示例性说明，在实际应用中，仍可根据预制混合物料中高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂的特性等作适应性调整。The temperature settings of the above-mentioned sections are only exemplary, and in practical applications, they can still be adjusted according to the properties of the polymer elastomer resin and the foaming agent in the prefabricated mixture.

此外，对于所述单螺杆挤出机的螺杆压缩比也作了相应的设置。单螺杆挤出机的螺杆压缩比指的是喂料段中第一个螺槽的容积与均化段中最后一个螺槽容积的比值。一般地，可将所述单螺杆挤出机的螺杆压缩比要控制在1.5至5。当然，所述螺杆压缩比设置的大一些，所述预制混合物料的塑化效果也会更均匀。在某些实施例中，在某些实施例中，可将所述单螺杆挤出机的螺杆压缩比要控制在大于等于2.8，例如，所述螺杆压缩比要控制在2.8至4。In addition, the screw compression ratio of the single-screw extruder is also set accordingly. The screw compression ratio of a single-screw extruder refers to the ratio of the volume of the first screw groove in the feeding section to the volume of the last screw groove in the homogenization section. Generally, the screw compression ratio of the single-screw extruder can be controlled at 1.5 to 5. Of course, if the screw compression ratio is set larger, the plasticizing effect of the prefabricated mixture will be more uniform. In some embodiments, the screw compression ratio of the single-screw extruder can be controlled to be greater than or equal to 2.8, for example, the screw compression ratio can be controlled to be 2.8 to 4.

所述口模是安装在单螺杆挤出机末端的有孔部件，它使挤出物形成规定的横截面形状。例如，所述口模可以是圆柱形口模，利用所述圆柱形口模，可将所述均化段输送过来的熔融的物料挤成截面呈圆形的线条。以圆柱形口模为例，所述圆柱形口模的挤出口的直径尺寸是要与制备的发泡线材的目标尺寸相适配，例如，在某些实施例中，采用小尺寸的圆柱形口模，其挤出口的直径为1.65mm～1.85mm，在某些实施例中，采用大尺寸的圆柱形口模，其挤出口的直径为2.75mm～3.15mm。The die is an orifice member mounted at the end of a single screw extruder that forms the extrudate into a defined cross-sectional shape. For example, the die can be a cylindrical die, and by using the cylindrical die, the molten material conveyed from the homogenization section can be extruded into a line with a circular cross-section. Taking a cylindrical die as an example, the diameter of the extrusion opening of the cylindrical die is to be adapted to the target size of the prepared foamed wire, for example, in some embodiments, a small-sized cylindrical For the die, the diameter of the extrusion opening is 1.65 mm to 1.85 mm. In some embodiments, a large-sized cylindrical die is used, and the diameter of the extrusion opening is 2.75 mm to 3.15 mm.

由上可知，在步骤S110中，可将高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂在单螺杆挤出机挤出过程中经一次发泡流程后挤出成型。It can be seen from the above that in step S110, the polymer elastomer resin and the foaming agent can be extruded and formed after a single foaming process during the extrusion process of the single-screw extruder.

步骤S120，牵引线条并将线条经冷却处理后成型，形成目标尺寸的发泡线材。In step S120, the wire is drawn and the wire is cooled and then shaped to form a foamed wire of the target size.

在步骤S120中，所述牵引线条并将线条经冷却处理后成型的步骤包括：利用牵引机牵引由单螺杆挤出机挤出的线条并将所述线条经过冷却水槽进行冷却定型。其中，所述冷却水槽的水温小于等于30℃，例如，所述冷却水槽的水温为20℃～30℃。In step S120, the step of drawing the wire and forming the wire after cooling treatment includes: using a pulling machine to draw the wire extruded by the single-screw extruder and passing the wire through a cooling water tank for cooling and shaping. Wherein, the water temperature of the cooling water tank is less than or equal to 30°C, for example, the water temperature of the cooling water tank is 20°C to 30°C.

之后，再通过牵引机、测径仪、储线架进行收卷得到目标尺寸的发泡线材。其中，在牵引过程中，所述线材的真实尺寸控制在目标尺寸的101％～106％。After that, the tractor, caliper, and wire storage rack are used for winding to obtain the foamed wire of the target size. Wherein, during the pulling process, the real size of the wire is controlled within 101% to 106% of the target size.

在某些实施例中，所述发泡线材的目标尺寸设定为直径1.65mm～1.85mm。In certain embodiments, the target size of the foamed wire is set to be 1.65 mm to 1.85 mm in diameter.

假设将发泡线材的目标直径设定为1.75cm，在牵引过程中，发泡线材的实际直径尺寸就被控制在目标尺寸的101％～106％，即，在牵引过程中，发泡线材的实际直径尺寸就被控制在1.77mm～1.86mm。Assuming that the target diameter of the foamed wire is set to 1.75cm, the actual diameter of the foamed wire is controlled to be 101% to 106% of the target size during the pulling process, that is, during the pulling process, the diameter of the foamed wire is The actual diameter size is controlled at 1.77mm ~ 1.86mm.

在某些实施例中，所述发泡线材的目标尺寸设定为直径2.75mm～3.15mm。In certain embodiments, the target size of the foamed wire is set to be 2.75 mm to 3.15 mm in diameter.

假设将发泡线材的目标直径设定为2.95cm，在牵引过程中，发泡线材的实际直径尺寸就被控制在目标尺寸的101％～106％，即，在牵引过程中，发泡线材的实际直径尺寸就被控制在2,.98mm～3.13mm。Assuming that the target diameter of the foamed wire is set to 2.95cm, the actual diameter of the foamed wire is controlled to be 101% to 106% of the target size during the pulling process, that is, during the pulling process, the diameter of the foamed wire is The actual diameter size is controlled at 2,.98mm ~ 3.13mm.

另外，在某些实施例中，所述发泡线材的密度为0.5g/cm ³～1.0g/cm ³。 Additionally, in some embodiments, the foamed wire has a density of 0.5 g/cm ³ to 1.0 g/cm ³ .

由上述制备方法制作的发泡线材，包括高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂。The foamed wire produced by the above preparation method includes a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent.

以微球发泡剂作为发泡剂，则所述微球发泡剂的质量百分比为0.5％～15％。在某些实施例中，所述微球发泡剂的质量百分比为1％～10％。在某些实施例中，所述微球发泡剂的质量百分比为1％～6％。Using the microsphere foaming agent as the foaming agent, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 0.5% to 15%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 10%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 6%.

以AC发泡剂作为发泡剂，则所述AC发泡剂的质量百分比为0.5％～15％。在某些实施例中，所述微球发泡剂的质量百分比为1％～8％。在某些实施例中，所述微球发泡剂的质量百分比为1％～6％。Taking the AC foaming agent as the foaming agent, the mass percentage of the AC foaming agent is 0.5% to 15%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 8%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 6%.

以白发泡剂作为发泡剂，则所述白发泡剂的质量百分比为0.5％～20％。在某些实施例中，所述微球发泡剂的质量百分比为1％～15％。在某些实施例中，所述微球发泡剂的质量百分比为1％～10％。Taking the white foaming agent as the foaming agent, the mass percentage of the white foaming agent is 0.5% to 20%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 15%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 10%.

在实际应用中，后续，所述制备方法还包括利用牵引机牵引发泡线材至储线架上并进行收卷，打包等步骤。In practical applications, the preparation method further includes the steps of using a tractor to pull the foamed wire to the wire storage rack, winding, packing, and the like.

本申请公开的发泡线材，通过将高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂置入单螺杆挤出机并经一次发泡流程后挤出成型，获得目标尺寸的发泡线材。该发泡线材在线材加工成型过程中可产生一次发泡，相比于普通的线材，具有密度小、质量轻、表面磨砂等优点。For the foamed wire rod disclosed in the present application, the foamed wire rod of the target size is obtained by placing a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent into a single-screw extruder and extruding through a foaming process. The foamed wire rod can generate one-time foaming during the wire rod processing and molding process, and has the advantages of low density, light weight, and frosted surface compared with ordinary wire rods.

本申请在第三方面公开一种FDM打印方法，所述FDM打印方法是由FDM打印设备执行的。The present application discloses, in a third aspect, an FDM printing method, the FDM printing method being performed by an FDM printing apparatus.

在一个示例性的实施例中，请参阅图2，显示为本申请在第四方面公开的FDM打印设备在一实施例中的简化结构示意图。In an exemplary embodiment, please refer to FIG. 2 , which shows a simplified schematic structural diagram of the FDM printing apparatus disclosed in the fourth aspect of the present application in an embodiment.

如图所示，所述FDM打印设备包括：打印平台21、驱动装置、喷头装置22、以及控制装置(未予以图示)。As shown in the figure, the FDM printing apparatus includes: a printing platform 21, a driving device, a nozzle device 22, and a control device (not shown).

所述驱动装置包括可相对所述打印平台21升降运动的Z轴驱动机构231以及设置在所述Z轴驱动结构231上的X轴驱动机构232及Y轴驱动机构(未予以图示)。所述喷头装置22设置在所述X轴驱动机构232或所述Y轴驱动机构上，用于将引入的热熔性材料融化后依据打印路径挤出至所述打印平台21。The driving device includes a Z-axis driving mechanism 231 that can move up and down relative to the printing platform 21 , and an X-axis driving mechanism 232 and a Y-axis driving mechanism (not shown) disposed on the Z-axis driving mechanism 231 . The nozzle device 22 is disposed on the X-axis driving mechanism 232 or the Y-axis driving mechanism, and is used to melt the introduced hot-melt material and extrude it to the printing platform 21 according to the printing path.

其中，所述Z轴驱动机构231用以驱动喷头装置22在Z方向上的位移，所述Y轴机构用以驱动喷头装置22在Y方向上的位移，所述X轴机构用以驱动喷头装置22在X方向上的位移。所述打印平台21设于所述X轴驱动机构232以及Y轴驱动机构的下方，用于附着堆叠成型的打印构件。The Z-axis driving mechanism 231 is used to drive the displacement of the nozzle device 22 in the Z direction, the Y-axis mechanism is used to drive the displacement of the nozzle device 22 in the Y direction, and the X-axis mechanism is used to drive the nozzle device 22 Displacement in the X direction. The printing platform 21 is disposed below the X-axis driving mechanism 232 and the Y-axis driving mechanism for attaching the stacked printing components.

在某些实施方式中，所述打印平台21还具有一用于承载打印构件的构件板，所述打印平台21在所述Z轴驱动机构231的作用下在Z轴方向上做升降运动。所述控制装置电性连接所述驱动装置和喷头装置，用于根据读取的FDM打印数据控制所述驱动装置和喷头装置依据打印路径执行每一层的打印任务以在所述打印平台上使熔融后的打印线材堆叠成型得到打印构件。In some embodiments, the printing platform 21 further has a component plate for carrying printing components, and the printing platform 21 moves up and down in the Z-axis direction under the action of the Z-axis driving mechanism 231 . The control device is electrically connected to the drive device and the print head device, and is used to control the drive device and the print head device to execute the printing task of each layer according to the printing path according to the read FDM print data, so as to use the printing platform on the printing platform. The melted printing wires are stacked and formed to obtain a printing member.

应当理解，所述堆叠成型是指在基于熔融层积成型的打印设备工作过程中，打印线材通过喷头装置熔融后被挤出在打印平台上，冷却后形成一层薄片固化层。一层截面成型完成后再执行下一层的打印操作，即在该薄片固化层表面继续喷涂以将熔融后的打印线材堆叠从而形成打印构件。It should be understood that the stacking molding refers to that during the working process of the printing equipment based on fusion lamination molding, the printing wire is extruded on the printing platform after being melted by the nozzle device, and a layer of thin solidified layer is formed after cooling. After the section formation of one layer is completed, the printing operation of the next layer is performed, that is, spraying is continued on the surface of the solidified layer of the sheet to stack the melted printing wires to form a printing member.

在如图2所示的实施例中，所述FDM打印设备还包括一机架23，所述机架23用于承载或固定其他装置。In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 , the FDM printing apparatus further includes a frame 23 for carrying or fixing other devices.

在一实施方式中，所述控制装置包括存储单元、处理单元、和接口单元。In one embodiment, the control device includes a storage unit, a processing unit, and an interface unit.

其中，所述存储单元包含非易失性存储器、易失性存储器等。其中，所述非易失性存储器举例为固态硬盘或U盘等。所述存储单元通过***总线与处理单元连接在一起。所述处理单元包含CPU或集成有CPU的芯片、可编程逻辑器件(FPGA)、以及多核处理器中的至少一种。Wherein, the storage unit includes non-volatile memory, volatile memory and the like. Wherein, the non-volatile memory is, for example, a solid state disk or a U disk. The storage unit is connected with the processing unit through a system bus. The processing unit includes at least one of a CPU or a chip integrated with the CPU, a programmable logic device (FPGA), and a multi-core processor.

所述接口单元包括多个驱动预留接口，各所述驱动预留接口分别电性连接如喷头装置和驱动装置等FDM打印设备中独立封装且通过接口传输数据或驱动工作的装置，从而控制所述喷头装置和驱动装置等FDM打印设备中独立封装且通过接口传输数据或驱动工作的装置。所述控制装置还包括以下至少一种：提示装置、人机交互单元等。所述接口单元根据所连接的装置而确定其接口类型，其包括但不限于：通用串行接口、视频接口、工控接口等。例如，所述驱动预留接口包括：USB接口、HDMI接口和RS232接口，其中，USB接口和RS232接口均有多个，USB接口可连接人机交互单元等，RS232接口连接喷头装置和驱动装置等，从而控制所述喷头装置和驱动装置等。The interface unit includes a plurality of drive-reserved interfaces, and each of the drive-reserved interfaces is electrically connected to a device independently packaged in the FDM printing equipment such as a nozzle device and a drive device and which transmits data or drives work through the interface, thereby controlling all the devices. In the FDM printing equipment, such as the nozzle device and the driving device, the device is packaged independently and transmits data or drives the work through the interface. The control device further includes at least one of the following: a prompt device, a human-computer interaction unit, and the like. The interface unit determines its interface type according to the connected device, which includes but is not limited to: universal serial interface, video interface, industrial control interface, and the like. For example, the reserved driver interface includes: a USB interface, an HDMI interface and an RS232 interface, wherein there are multiple USB interfaces and RS232 interfaces, the USB interface can be connected to a human-computer interaction unit, etc., and the RS232 interface is connected to the nozzle device and the drive device, etc. , so as to control the nozzle device and the drive device, etc.

在一实施方式中，所述喷头装置还可进一步包括：导料部、加热部、以及喷嘴。其中，所述导料部包括导料管、送丝齿轮，用以将送丝机构提供的打印材料输送至加热部加热；所述加热部上设有热敏电阻以检测温度，以便将温度加热到打印材料的融点；加热熔融后的打印材料通过喷嘴喷涂在所述打印平台上。In one embodiment, the spray head device may further include: a material guiding part, a heating part, and a nozzle. Wherein, the material guide part includes a material guide pipe and a wire feeding gear, which are used to transport the printing material provided by the wire feeding mechanism to the heating part for heating; the heating part is provided with a thermistor to detect the temperature, so as to heat the temperature to the melting point of the printing material; the heated and melted printing material is sprayed on the printing platform through a nozzle.

在此，所述打印材料即热熔性材料采用的即是本申请第一方面公开的发泡线材，所述发泡线材包括高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂，所述高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂的质量百分比为：高分子弹性体树脂70％～99.5％，发泡剂0.5％～30％。Here, the printing material, that is, the hot-melt material, is the foamed wire disclosed in the first aspect of the present application, and the foamed wire includes a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent, and the polymer elastomer resin The mass percentage of the foaming agent is: 70% to 99.5% of the polymer elastomer resin, and 0.5% to 30% of the foaming agent.

其中，所述送丝机构指为喷嘴装置提供打印线材的机构，在一些情况下，所述送丝机构包括用于储存打印线材的存储结构，将所述打印线材的一端放至喷头装置的入丝口，所述喷头装置即可在工作状态下不断引入打印线材以熔融后由喷嘴出丝。在另一些实施方式中，所述送丝机构还包括用以将所述打印线材引导至喷头装置入丝口的输料/导向装置，从而在工作状态下将所述打印线材输送/导向至所述喷头装置的入丝口以便所述打印线材顺利地进入喷头装置以熔融。所述控制装置用于依据读取的打印构件的各层切片数据控制驱动装置及喷头协同作业以打印构件。Wherein, the wire feeding mechanism refers to a mechanism that provides a printing wire for the nozzle device. In some cases, the wire feeding mechanism includes a storage structure for storing the printing wire, and one end of the printing wire is put into the inlet of the nozzle device. The nozzle device can continuously introduce the printing wire in the working state to melt and then discharge the wire from the nozzle. In other embodiments, the wire feeding mechanism further comprises a feeding/guiding device for guiding the printing wire to the wire inlet of the nozzle device, so as to convey/guide the printing wire to the wire in the working state. The filament inlet of the nozzle device is used so that the printing wire can smoothly enter the nozzle device to be melted. The control device is used for controlling the driving device and the nozzle to work together to print the component according to the read slice data of each layer of the printing component.

在还有一些情况下，所述打印平台还包括一加热装置，通过加热装置对打印平台加热可为成型过程提供一个过渡环境，以免熔融状态的丝挤出成型后由于熔融的温度与成型的温度温差过大而在成型过程中形成了较大的内应力，不利于产品结构的稳定性，影响产品质量。因此，藉由加热装置可提供一恒温环境从而将温度控制在适宜的范围内，以便材料成型并避免在成型过程中产生较大内应力，由此提高成型的质量和打印构件的精度。In some other cases, the printing platform further includes a heating device, and heating the printing platform through the heating device can provide a transitional environment for the forming process, so as to prevent the molten filament from being extruded and formed due to the melting temperature and the forming temperature. If the temperature difference is too large, a large internal stress is formed during the molding process, which is not conducive to the stability of the product structure and affects the product quality. Therefore, a constant temperature environment can be provided by the heating device to control the temperature within a suitable range, so that the material can be formed and large internal stress can be avoided during the forming process, thereby improving the quality of forming and the precision of the printed component.

所述基于熔融层积成型的打印设备通过将各种丝材加热熔化进而堆积成型，其加热喷头在计算机的控制下，根据产品零件的截面轮廓信息沿X轴和Y轴做平面运动，热塑性丝状材料由供丝机构送至热熔喷头，在喷头中加热和熔化成半液态，然后被挤压出来，基于计算机的控制信息选择性地将热熔材料涂覆在工作台上，快速冷却后形成一层薄片轮廓。一层截面成型完成后工作台沿Z轴下降一定高度，再进行下一层的熔覆，如此循环，最终形成三维产品零件。The FLA-based printing device heats and melts various filaments to form a stack, and the heating nozzle is controlled by a computer to move in a plane along the X-axis and the Y-axis according to the cross-sectional profile information of the product parts. The material is sent to the hot melt nozzle by the wire feeding mechanism, heated and melted into a semi-liquid state in the nozzle, and then extruded. A layer of flake outlines is formed. After the section formation of one layer is completed, the worktable is lowered to a certain height along the Z axis, and then the next layer of cladding is carried out. In this cycle, a three-dimensional product part is finally formed.

在一个示例性的实施例中，请参阅图3，显示为本申请FDM打印方法在一实施例中的示意图。In an exemplary embodiment, please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the FDM printing method of the present application.

如图所示，执行步骤S310，读取FDM打印数据，所述FDM打印数据中包括至少一个横截层图案所对应的数据指令。As shown in the figure, step S310 is executed to read FDM print data, where the FDM print data includes a data command corresponding to at least one cross-sectional layer pattern.

在步骤S310中，控制所述FDM打印设备读取FDM打印数据。In step S310, the FDM printing device is controlled to read FDM printing data.

在所述FDM打印数据中包括了待打印构件的打印数据指令，所述待打印构件包括了各横截层图案，故所述待打印构件的打印数据指令中包括了对应于各横截层图案的数据指令。其中，所述横截层图案的数量与所述待打印构件的打印层数相等。例如，当打印层数为1层时，则所述待打印构件的打印数据指令包括了一层横截层图案的数据指令；当打印层数为多层时，则所述待打印构件的打印数据指令包括了多层横截层图案的数据指令。The FDM print data includes print data instructions of the member to be printed, and the member to be printed includes various cross-sectional layer patterns, so the print data instruction of the to-be-printed member includes the corresponding cross-sectional layer patterns. data command. Wherein, the number of the cross-sectional layer patterns is equal to the number of printing layers of the component to be printed. For example, when the number of printing layers is 1, the print data instruction of the component to be printed includes a data command of a cross-sectional pattern; when the number of printing layers is multiple, the printing data instruction of the component to be printed includes The data commands include data commands for multiple cross-sectional layer patterns.

在此，获得了FDM打印数据后，所述FDM打印设备执行步骤S320。Here, after obtaining the FDM printing data, the FDM printing device executes step S320.

执行步骤S320，控制FDM打印设备的喷头装置依据横截层图案沿打印路径向打印面挤出打印材料以得到一打印固化层。Step S320 is executed to control the nozzle device of the FDM printing apparatus to extrude the printing material toward the printing surface along the printing path according to the cross-sectional layer pattern to obtain a printing solidified layer.

在步骤S320中，FDM打印设备依据所获取的FDM打印数据中的一横截层图案打印一固化层。In step S320, the FDM printing apparatus prints a cured layer according to a cross-sectional layer pattern in the acquired FDM printing data.

对于FDM打印设备基于熔融沉积成型的FDM打印设备，所述FDM打印设备控制其喷头装置依据所述横截层图案沿打印路径向打印面挤出打印材料以得到一打印固化层。For an FDM printing device based on fused deposition modeling, the FDM printing device controls its nozzle device to extrude the printing material to the printing surface along the printing path according to the cross-sectional layer pattern to obtain a printing solidified layer.

在此，所述FDM打印设备中的控制装置控制所述喷头装置根据横截层图案对应的数据指令，沿打印路径向位于打印平台上的打印面挤出打印材料以得到一对应横截层图案的打印固化层。其中，在横截层图案中包括了各打印线条，这些打印线条即对应于FDM打印设备打印时的打印路径。打印线条中的各打印点坐标被数据处理后形成了所述数据指令，因此FDM打印设备的控制装置即控制驱动装置驱动所述喷头根据该数据指令遍历各打印点并向打印面挤出打印材料以得到所述打印固化层。Here, the control device in the FDM printing device controls the nozzle device to extrude the printing material along the printing path to the printing surface on the printing platform according to the data instruction corresponding to the cross-sectional layer pattern to obtain a corresponding cross-sectional layer pattern printed cured layer. Wherein, each printing line is included in the cross-sectional layer pattern, and these printing lines correspond to the printing path when printing by the FDM printing device. The coordinates of each printing point in the printing line are processed by the data to form the data command, so the control device of the FDM printing device controls the driving device to drive the nozzle to traverse each printing point according to the data command and extrude the printing material on the printing surface. to obtain the printed cured layer.

其中，在这里，FDM打印设备所使用的打印材料即为本申请第一方面公开的发泡线材，所述发泡线材包括高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂，所述高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂的质量百分比为：高分子弹性体树脂70％～99.5％，发泡剂0.5％～30％。Wherein, the printing material used by the FDM printing equipment is the foamed wire disclosed in the first aspect of the present application, and the foamed wire includes a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent, the polymer elastomer resin and The mass percentage of the foaming agent is: 70% to 99.5% of the polymer elastomer resin, and 0.5% to 30% of the foaming agent.

在本申请第二方面公开所述发泡线材的制备方法中，是将高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂置入单螺杆挤出机并在单螺杆挤出机挤出过程中经一次发泡流程后挤出成型的。而所述发泡线材在步骤S320中，因所述发泡线材会在喷头装置加热并形成熔融状态时将再次发泡，即，所述发泡线材在打印过程中可二次发泡。因此，在本实施例所采用发泡材料进行FDM打印时，需要对FDM打印设备上的某些工艺参数作调整或新的设置，所述工艺参数包括但不限于：挤出率。In the preparation method of the foamed wire disclosed in the second aspect of the present application, the polymer elastomer resin and the foaming agent are put into a single-screw extruder and foamed once during the extrusion process of the single-screw extruder. Extruded after the process. In step S320, the foamed wire will be foamed again when the nozzle device is heated and formed into a molten state, that is, the foamed wire can be foamed twice during the printing process. Therefore, when the foamed material used in this embodiment is used for FDM printing, some process parameters on the FDM printing device need to be adjusted or newly set, and the process parameters include but are not limited to: extrusion rate.

普通的线材在FDM打印设备上使用过程中，由于打印设备的挤出机齿轮公差或在挤出过程中齿轮和线材传动过程中存在打滑等现象，挤出线材的实际长度往往会偏短，一般需要对其挤出率进行校准。During the use of ordinary filaments on FDM printing equipment, the actual length of the extruded filaments tends to be short due to the tolerance of the extruder gear of the printing equipment or the slippage during the transmission of the gear and the filament during the extrusion process. Its extrusion rate needs to be calibrated.

例如，当FDM打印设备工作时，会挤出设定长度的线材，当实际被挤出的线材长度偏短时，通常在FDM打印设备的切片软件中调整挤出倍率参数(Extrusion Multiplier)，通常该挤出倍率参数被默认为100％或1。通过调整这个挤出倍率参数，FDM打印设备挤出的线材将会增加至设定长度。以100mm线材为例，在未校准情况下(即，挤出倍率参数为100％或1)，实际打印过程中可能挤出为98mm，因此，在校准时，可以98mm为基数，将挤出倍率参数调整至102％(在这里，可将挤出倍率参数调整至102％后的挤出倍率参数称为校准挤出倍率参数)，那么后续挤出的线材实际长度会增加至100mm，符合设定长度。For example, when the FDM printing device is working, it will extrude the wire of the set length. When the actual length of the extruded wire is too short, the extrusion multiplier parameter (Extrusion Multiplier) is usually adjusted in the slicing software of the FDM printing device, usually The extrusion magnification parameter is defaulted to 100% or 1. By adjusting this extrusion magnification parameter, the filament extruded by the FDM printing equipment will increase to the set length. Taking 100mm wire as an example, in the case of uncalibrated (that is, the extrusion magnification parameter is 100% or 1), the extrusion may be 98mm during the actual printing process. Therefore, during calibration, 98mm can be used as the base, and the extrusion magnification The parameter is adjusted to 102% (here, the extrusion magnification parameter after the extrusion magnification parameter can be adjusted to 102% is called the calibration extrusion magnification parameter), then the actual length of the subsequently extruded wire will increase to 100mm, which is in line with the setting length.

如前所述，在本申请的实施例中，FDM打印设备所使用的打印材料即为本申请第一方面公开的发泡线材，所述发泡线材包括高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂，所述发泡线材与普通的线材不同，所述发泡线材会在喷头装置加热并形成熔融状态时将再次发泡，即，所述发泡线材在打印过程中可二次发泡，使得其体积进一步膨胀。假设，所述发泡线材的膨胀系数为1.2，当直径为1.75mm的发泡线材被喷头装置处的挤出机构卷入100mm，其线材体积为240mm ³，那么经喷嘴装置的加热之后二次发泡，实际在喷嘴装置的喷头处挤出的材料体积为288.48mm ³。 As mentioned above, in the embodiments of the present application, the printing material used by the FDM printing device is the foamed wire rod disclosed in the first aspect of the present application, and the foamed wire rod includes a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent, The foamed wire is different from the ordinary wire. The foamed wire will be foamed again when the nozzle device is heated and formed into a molten state, that is, the foamed wire can be re-foamed during the printing process, so that it is The volume expands further. Assuming that the expansion coefficient of the foamed wire is 1.2, when the foamed wire with a diameter of 1.75mm is rolled into 100mm by the extrusion mechanism at the nozzle device, and the wire volume is 240mm ³ , then the second time after heating by the nozzle device For foaming, the actual volume of material extruded at the spray head of the nozzle device was 288.48 mm ³ .

因此，基于所述发泡线材的膨胀***，需要在前述校准挤出倍率***的基础上作二次调整，所述二次调整的挤出倍率应为所述校准挤出倍率参数与所述发泡线材的膨胀系数的商，即，二次调整的挤出倍率为102％除以1.2的商，即，85％。如此，在该二次调整的挤出倍率下，被挤出线材的体积将与从喷嘴装置中挤出的材料体积相等，从而获得较好的打印构件的质量和打印成功率。Therefore, based on the expansion system of the foamed wire, it is necessary to make a secondary adjustment on the basis of the aforementioned calibrated extrusion magnification system, and the extrusion magnification of the secondary adjustment should be the calibration extrusion magnification parameter and the expansion ratio. The quotient of the expansion coefficient of the foam wire, that is, the extrusion magnification of the secondary adjustment is the quotient of dividing 102% by 1.2, that is, 85%. In this way, under the extrusion magnification of the second adjustment, the volume of the extruded wire will be equal to the volume of the material extruded from the nozzle device, so as to obtain better quality of the printing member and printing success rate.

请继续参阅图3，执行步骤S330，根据横截层图案的数量重复执行控制FDM打印设备的喷头装置依据横截层图案沿打印路径向打印面挤出打印材料以得到一打印固化层的步骤，以逐层累积打印固化层得到打印构件。Please continue to refer to FIG. 3 , step S330 is executed, and the step of controlling the nozzle device of the FDM printing device to extrude the printing material along the printing path to the printing surface according to the cross-sectional pattern according to the number of the cross-sectional layer patterns to obtain a printed solidified layer is repeatedly performed, The printed member is obtained by accumulating and printing the cured layer layer by layer.

在此，当所述横截层图案为一个时，则执行S310和S320后即可得到打印构件。当横截层图案为多个时，则根据横截层图案的具体数量重复步骤S320，以逐层在前一层的基础上累积打印固化层，从而得到对应于横截层图案数量的打印固化层，从而形成打印构件。Here, when the cross-sectional layer pattern is one, the printed member can be obtained after performing S310 and S320. When there are multiple cross-sectional layer patterns, step S320 is repeated according to the specific number of cross-sectional layer patterns, so as to accumulate the printed and cured layers on the basis of the previous layer layer by layer, so as to obtain the printed and cured layers corresponding to the number of cross-sectional layer patterns. layer to form a printed member.

在一个示例性的实施方式中，所述FDM打印方法中还包括后处理的步骤。所述后处理的步骤包括但不限于将所打印的打印构件予以修剪。例如，由于FDM打印设备所依据的打印数据是根据本申请第一方面的实施方式中的FDM打印数据生成方法所得到的。若FDM打印数据生成阶段存在投影轮廓外通过路径辅助线条将同一切片图案中的非封闭纹理线条之间连接以得到横截层图案时，在依据该横截层图案的打印数据所打印出的固化层中也包括了在轮廓外的线条结构。因此，在一些情况下，可将这些位于轮廓外的线条结构予以修剪，以得到期望的3D打印构件。In an exemplary embodiment, the FDM printing method further includes a post-processing step. The post-processing steps include, but are not limited to, trimming the printed print member. For example, since the print data on which the FDM printing apparatus is based is obtained according to the FDM print data generating method in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application. If there is a projection outline in the generation stage of FDM printing data, when the non-closed texture lines in the same slice pattern are connected by path auxiliary lines to obtain a cross-section layer pattern, the solidification printed according to the print data of the cross-section layer pattern Layers also include line structures outside of outlines. Therefore, in some cases, these out-of-contour line structures can be trimmed to obtain the desired 3D printed component.

由于本申请所公开的发泡线材在打印时仍可二次发泡并得以膨胀，不仅可使得打印构件重量相比于使用普通线材打印得到的打印构件要更轻，发泡线材的膨胀系数越大，两者的重量差别也就越大，此外，在打印时材料膨胀，也会增加打印构件表面的磨砂质感且整体轻盈柔软，从而达到消除普通线材普遍存在的表面层纹的效果。Since the foamed wire disclosed in this application can still be foamed and expanded during printing, not only can the weight of the printed component be lighter than that of the printed component printed with ordinary wire, but the higher the expansion coefficient of the foamed wire The larger the weight, the greater the weight difference between the two. In addition, the material expansion during printing will also increase the matte texture of the surface of the printing component and make it light and soft as a whole, so as to achieve the effect of eliminating the common surface layers of ordinary wires.

本申请中的FDM打印方法可实现复杂结构的打印，尤其适用于织物结构的打印，以在结构和功能的设计上提供更多的可能性，满足用户的个性化需求。The FDM printing method in this application can realize the printing of complex structures, and is especially suitable for the printing of fabric structures, so as to provide more possibilities in the design of structure and function, and meet the individual needs of users.

本申请在第五方面公开一种FDM打印织物，其中，所述FDM打印织物是使用的线材是如前所述基于FDM打印的发泡线材、或采用的打印工艺是如前所述的FDM打印方法、或使用线材的制备工艺是如前所述的制备方法，在此对基于FDM打印的发泡线材、发泡线材的制备方法及FDM打印方法不再赘述。The present application discloses an FDM printing fabric in a fifth aspect, wherein the wire used in the FDM printing fabric is the foamed wire based on FDM printing as described above, or the printing process used is FDM printing as described above The method or the preparation process using the wire is the preparation method as described above, and the foamed wire based on FDM printing, the preparation method of the foamed wire and the FDM printing method will not be repeated here.

其中，所述FDM打印织物具有磨砂表面且整体轻盈柔软等优点。所述FDM打印织物可以为任一种纺织物，其包括但不限于为衣物、布料、鞋面等常见的织物结构。Among them, the FDM printing fabric has the advantages of matte surface and overall lightness and softness. The FDM printed fabric can be any kind of textile, including but not limited to common fabric structures such as clothing, cloth, shoe uppers, and the like.

以鞋面为例，利用本申请所公开的发泡线材可打印鞋面织物。请参阅图4，显示为本申请一实施例中的由发泡线材打印的鞋面织物的示意图。如图4所示，利用本申请所公开的发泡线材来打印所形成的鞋面织物呈现出磨砂感，相比于普通线材所打印的鞋面，从视觉上可以明显消除其塑料感，且打印形成的鞋面织物质地更加柔软，手感上更为干爽，且能大幅减轻重量。例如，采用TPU发泡线材打印形成的鞋面织物的重量要比普通TPU线材打印形成的鞋面的质量的50％～70％。Taking the shoe upper as an example, the shoe upper fabric can be printed using the foamed wire disclosed in this application. Please refer to FIG. 4 , which is a schematic diagram of a shoe upper fabric printed from a foamed wire according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 4 , the upper fabric formed by using the foam wire disclosed in the present application to print presents a matte feeling. Compared with the upper printed by the ordinary wire, the plastic feeling can be obviously eliminated visually, and The printed upper fabric is softer, drier to the touch and significantly reduces weight. For example, the weight of the upper fabric formed by printing with TPU foamed wire is 50% to 70% of the mass of the upper formed by printing with ordinary TPU wire.

本申请还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有至少一计算机程序，所述至少一计算机程序被执行时实现上述针对FDM打印方法中所描述的至少一种实施例。The present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing at least one computer program, and when the at least one computer program is executed, implements at least one of the embodiments described above for the FDM printing method.

所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.

于本申请提供的实施例中，所述计算机可读写存储介质可以包括只读存储器、随机存取存储器、EEPROM、CD-ROM或其它光盘存储装置、磁盘存储装置或其它磁存储设备、闪存、U盘、移动硬盘、或者能够用于存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机进行存取的任何其它介质。另外，任何连接都可以适当地称为计算机可读介质。例如，如果指令是使用同轴电缆、光纤光缆、双绞线、数字订户线(DSL)或者诸如红外线、无线电和微波之类的无线技术，从网站、服务器或其它远程源发送的，则所述同轴电缆、光纤光缆、双绞线、DSL或者诸如红外线、无线电和微波之类的无线技术包括在所述介质的定义中。然而，应当理解的是，计算机可读写存储介质和数据存储介质不包括连接、载波、信号或者其它暂时性介质，而是旨在针对于非暂时性、有形的存储介质。如申请中所使用的磁盘和光盘包括压缩光盘(CD)、激光光盘、光盘、数字多功能光盘(DVD)、软盘和蓝光光盘，其中，磁盘通常磁性地复制数据，而光盘则用激光来光学地复制数据。In the embodiments provided in this application, the computer readable and writable storage medium may include read-only memory, random access memory, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage devices, magnetic disk storage devices or other magnetic storage devices, flash memory, A USB stick, a removable hard disk, or any other medium that can be used to store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the instructions are sent from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave Coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of the medium. It should be understood, however, that computer-readable storage media and data storage media do not include connections, carrier waves, signals, or other transitory media, but are instead intended to be non-transitory, tangible storage media. Disk and disc, as used in the application, includes compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk, and blu-ray disc, where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs use lasers to optically reproduce data replicate the data.

在一个或多个示例性方面，本申请所述方法的计算机程序所描述的功能可以用硬件、软件、固件或其任意组合的方式来实现。当用软件实现时，可以将这些功能作为一个或多个指令或代码存储或传送到计算机可读介质上。本申请所公开的方法或算法的步骤可以用处理器可执行软件模块来体现，其中处理器可执行软件模块可以位于有形、非临时性计算机可读写存储介质上。有形、非临时性计算机可读写存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质。In one or more exemplary aspects, the functions described by the computer programs of the methods described herein may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. The steps of the methods or algorithms disclosed herein may be embodied in processor-executable software modules, where the processor-executable software modules may reside on a tangible, non-transitory computer readable and writable storage medium. Tangible, non-transitory computer-readable storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer.

本申请上述的附图中的流程图和框图，图示了按照本申请各种实施例的***、方法和计算机程序产品的可能实现的体系架构、功能和操作。基于此，流程图或框图中的每个方框可以代表一个模块、程序段、或代码的一部分，该模块、程序段、或代码的一部分包含一个或多个用于实现规定的逻辑功能的可执行指令。也应当注意，在有些作为替换的实现中，方框中所标注的功能也可以以不同于附图中所标注的顺序发生。例如，两个接连地表示的方框实际上可以基本并行地执行，它们有时也可以按相反的顺序执行，这根据所涉及的功能而定。也要注意的是，框图和/或流程图中的每个方框、以及框图和/或流程图中的方框的组合，可以通过执行规定的功能或操作的专用的基于硬件的***来实现，或者可以通过专用硬件与计算机指令的组合来实现。The flowcharts and block diagrams in the above-described figures of the present application illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present application. Based on this, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which contains one or more possible functions for implementing the specified logical function(s) Execute the instruction. It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the blocks may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It is also noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, can be implemented by dedicated hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions or operations , or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

上述实施例仅例示性说明本申请的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本申请。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本申请的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本申请所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本申请的权利要求所涵盖。The above-mentioned embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present application, but are not intended to limit the present application. Anyone skilled in the art can make modifications or changes to the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical idea disclosed in this application should still be covered by the claims of this application.

Claims

一种基于FDM打印的发泡线材，其特征在于，所述发泡线材包括高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂，其中，所述高分子弹性体树脂的质量百分比为70％～99.5％，所述发泡剂的质量百分比为0.5％～30％。A foamed wire based on FDM printing, characterized in that the foamed wire comprises a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent, wherein the mass percentage of the polymer elastomer resin is 70% to 99.5%, so The mass percentage of the foaming agent is 0.5% to 30%.
根据权利要求1所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材，其特征在于，所述高分子弹性体树脂为：热塑性聚氨酯弹性体TPU、热塑性弹性体TPE、热塑橡胶材料TPR、热塑性聚酯弹性体TPEE、热塑性硫化橡胶TPV、尼龙基弹性体、或它们中的任一组合。The foamed wire based on FDM printing according to claim 1, wherein the polymer elastomer resin is: thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer TPU, thermoplastic elastomer TPE, thermoplastic rubber material TPR, thermoplastic polyester elastomer TPEE, thermoplastic vulcanizate TPV, nylon based elastomer, or any combination of them.
根据权利要求1所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材，其特征在于，所述发泡剂的质量百分比为2％～10％。The foamed wire based on FDM printing according to claim 1, wherein the mass percentage of the foaming agent is 2% to 10%.
根据权利要求1所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材，其特征在于，所述发泡剂为微球发泡剂，所述微球发泡剂的质量百分比为0.5％～15％。The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 1, wherein the foaming agent is a microsphere foaming agent, and the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 0.5% to 15%.
根据权利要求4所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材，其特征在于，所述微球发泡剂的质量百分比为1％～6％。The foamed wire based on FDM printing according to claim 4, wherein the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 6%.
根据权利要求1所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材，其特征在于，所述发泡剂为AC发泡剂，所述AC发泡剂的质量百分比为0.5％～15％。The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 1, wherein the foaming agent is an AC foaming agent, and the mass percentage of the AC foaming agent is 0.5% to 15%.
根据权利要求6所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材，其特征在于，所述AC发泡剂的质量百分比为1％～6％。The foamed wire based on FDM printing according to claim 6, wherein the mass percentage of the AC foaming agent is 1% to 6%.
根据权利要求1所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材，其特征在于，所述发泡剂为白发泡剂，所述白发泡剂的质量百分比为0.5％～20％。The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 1, wherein the foaming agent is a white foaming agent, and the mass percentage of the white foaming agent is 0.5% to 20%.
根据权利要求8所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材，其特征在于，所述白发泡剂的质量百分比为1％～10％。The foamed wire based on FDM printing according to claim 8, wherein the mass percentage of the white foaming agent is 1% to 10%.
根据权利要求1所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材，其特征在于，所述发泡线材具有1.65mm～1.85mm的直径。The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 1, wherein the foamed wire rod has a diameter of 1.65 mm˜1.85 mm.
根据权利要求10所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材，其特征在于，所述发泡线材具有1.70mm～1.80mm的直径。The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 10, wherein the foamed wire rod has a diameter of 1.70 mm˜1.80 mm.
根据权利要求1所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材，其特征在于，所述发泡线材具有2.75mm～3.15mm的直径。The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 1, wherein the foamed wire rod has a diameter of 2.75 mm˜3.15 mm.
根据权利要求12所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材，其特征在于，所述发泡线材具有2.80mm～3.10mm的直径。The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 12, wherein the foamed wire rod has a diameter of 2.80 mm˜3.10 mm.
根据权利要求1所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材，其特征在于，所述发泡线材的密度为0.5g/cm ³～1.0g/cm ³。 The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 1, wherein the density of the foamed wire rod is 0.5 g/cm ³ to 1.0 g/cm ³ .
根据权利要求1所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材，其特征在于，所述发泡线材是由高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂混合后经螺杆挤出机挤出成型的。The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 1, wherein the foamed wire rod is extruded by a screw extruder after mixing a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent.
根据权利要求15所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材，其特征在于，所述发泡线材是由高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂混合后经螺杆挤出机挤出成型的方式包括：所述发泡线材是由高分子弹性体树脂粒子和发泡剂粉末混合后经单螺杆挤出机挤出成型的。The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 15, wherein the foamed wire rod is extruded by a screw extruder after being mixed with a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent, comprising: The foamed wire is extruded and molded by a single-screw extruder after mixing high molecular elastomer resin particles and foaming agent powder.
根据权利要求15所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材，其特征在于，所述发泡线材是由高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂混合后经螺杆挤出机挤出成型的方式包括：所述发泡线材是由高分子弹性体树脂粒子和发泡母粒混合后经单螺杆挤出机挤出成型的。The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 15, wherein the foamed wire rod is extruded by a screw extruder after being mixed with a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent, comprising: The foamed wire is extruded and molded by a single-screw extruder after mixing high molecular elastomer resin particles and foaming masterbatches.
根据权利要求17所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材，其特征在于，所述发泡母粒是发泡剂粉末和树脂粒子混合后经双螺杆挤出机挤出成型的，所述树脂粒子与所述高分子弹性体树脂粒子是相容的。The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 17, wherein the foamed master batch is extruded by a twin-screw extruder after mixing a foaming agent powder and resin particles, and the resin particles Compatible with the high molecular elastomer resin particles.
根据权利要求1所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材，其特征在于，还包括色母料。The foamed filament based on FDM printing according to claim 1, further comprising a color masterbatch.
一种如权利要求1至19中任一项所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：A preparation method of a foamed wire based on FDM printing as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that, comprising the steps of:

将高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂置入螺杆挤出机挤出形成线条；以及Putting the polymer elastomer resin and blowing agent into a screw extruder to extrude to form a strand; and

牵引所述线条并将所述线条经冷却处理后成型，形成目标尺寸的发泡线材；在所述发泡线材中，所述高分子弹性体树脂的质量百分比为70％～99.5％，所述发泡剂的质量百分比为0.5％～30％。Pulling the wire and molding the wire after cooling to form a foamed wire with a target size; in the foamed wire, the mass percentage of the polymer elastomer resin is 70% to 99.5%, and the The mass percentage of the foaming agent is 0.5% to 30%.
根据权利要求20所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材的制备方法，其特征在于，所述将高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂置入螺杆挤出机挤出形成线条的方式包括如下步骤：The preparation method of the foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 20, wherein the method of inserting the polymer elastomer resin and the foaming agent into a screw extruder and extruding to form a wire comprises the following steps:

将高分子弹性体树脂粒子和发泡剂粉末进行混合；以及mixing the polymer elastomer resin particles and the blowing agent powder; and

将混合的高分子弹性体树脂粒子和发泡剂置入单螺杆挤出机挤出形成线条。The mixed polymer elastomer resin particles and blowing agent are put into a single screw extruder and extruded to form strands.
根据权利要求20所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材的制备方法，其特征在于，所述将高分子弹性体树脂和发泡剂置入螺杆挤出机挤出形成线条的方式包括如下步骤：The preparation method of the foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 20, wherein the method of inserting the polymer elastomer resin and the foaming agent into a screw extruder and extruding to form a wire comprises the following steps:

将高分子弹性体树脂粒子和发泡母粒进行混合，将混合的高分子弹性体树脂粒子和发泡母粒置入单螺杆挤出机挤出形成线条。The polymer elastomer resin particles and the foamed masterbatch are mixed, and the mixed polymer elastomer resin particles and the foamed masterbatch are put into a single-screw extruder and extruded to form a line.
根据权利要求21或22所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材的制备方法，其特征在于，所述单螺杆挤出机的螺杆压缩比要控制在1.5至5。The method for preparing foamed filaments based on FDM printing according to claim 21 or 22, wherein the screw compression ratio of the single-screw extruder is controlled to be 1.5 to 5.
根据权利要求23所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材的制备方法，其特征在于，所述单螺杆挤出机的螺杆压缩比要控制在2.8至4。The method for preparing foamed filaments based on FDM printing according to claim 23, wherein the screw compression ratio of the single-screw extruder is controlled to be 2.8 to 4.
根据权利要求22所述的基于FDM打印的发泡线材的制备方法，其特征在于，所述发泡母粒的制备方式包括：The preparation method of the foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 22, wherein the preparation method of the foamed master batch comprises:

将发泡剂粉末和树脂粒子进行混合，将混合的发泡剂粉末和树脂粒子置于双螺杆挤出机挤出，形成发泡母粒；其中，所述树脂粒子与所述高分子弹性体树脂粒子是相容的。The foaming agent powder and resin particles are mixed, and the mixed foaming agent powder and resin particles are placed in a twin-screw extruder and extruded to form a foaming master batch; wherein, the resin particles and the polymer elastomer Resin particles are compatible.
一种FDM打印方法，其特征在于，应用于FDM打印设备，所述FDM打印方法包括如下步骤：An FDM printing method, characterized in that it is applied to an FDM printing device, and the FDM printing method comprises the following steps:

读取FDM打印数据，所述FDM打印数据中包括至少一个横截层图案所对应的数据指令；Reading FDM print data, the FDM print data includes a data command corresponding to at least one cross-sectional layer pattern;

控制FDM打印设备的喷头装置依据所述横截层图案沿打印路径向打印面挤出打印材料以得到一打印固化层；其中，所述打印材料为如权利要求1至19中任一项所述基于FDM打印的发泡线材；以及Control the nozzle device of the FDM printing device to extrude the printing material along the printing path to the printing surface according to the cross-sectional layer pattern to obtain a printing solidified layer; wherein, the printing material is as described in any one of claims 1 to 19 Foamed filaments based on FDM printing; and

根据所述横截层图案的数量重复执行控制FDM打印设备的喷头装置依据所述横截层图案沿打印路径向打印面挤出打印材料以得到一打印固化层的步骤，以逐层累积打印固化层得到打印构件；所述打印构件具有磨砂表面。Repeat the step of controlling the nozzle device of the FDM printing device to extrude the printing material along the printing path to the printing surface according to the cross-sectional layer pattern according to the number of the cross-sectional layer patterns to obtain a printed cured layer, so as to accumulate the printing and curing layer by layer. The layers result in a printed member; the printed member has a matte surface.
根据权利要求26所述的FDM打印方法，其特征在于，还包括在打印前设置工艺参数的步骤，所述工艺参数包括挤出倍率，所述挤出倍率与所述发泡线材的膨胀系数相关。The FDM printing method according to claim 26, further comprising the step of setting process parameters before printing, wherein the process parameters include extrusion magnification, and the extrusion magnification is related to the expansion coefficient of the foamed wire rod .
一种FDM打印设备，其特征在于，包括打印平台、驱动装置、喷头装置、以及控制装置，其特征在于，所述喷头装置以预设的挤出倍率挤出如权利要求1至19中任一项所述基于FDM打印的发泡线材，所述挤出倍率与所述发泡线材的膨胀系数相关。An FDM printing device, characterized in that it includes a printing platform, a driving device, a nozzle device, and a control device, wherein the nozzle device is extruded at a preset extrusion ratio as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 19 For the foamed wire based on FDM printing described in item 1, the extrusion ratio is related to the expansion coefficient of the foamed wire.
一种FDM打印织物，其特征在于，其打印过程中使用的线材是如权利要求1至19中任一项所述基于FDM打印的发泡线材、或采用的打印工艺是如权利要求26至27中任一项所述的FDM打印方法、或使用线材的制备工艺是如权利要求20至25中任一项所述的制备方法，所述FDM打印织物具有磨砂表面。An FDM printing fabric, characterized in that the wire used in the printing process is the foamed wire based on FDM printing according to any one of claims 1 to 19, or the printing process used is as claimed in claims 26 to 27 The FDM printing method described in any one, or the preparation process using a wire rod is the preparation method described in any one of claims 20 to 25, wherein the FDM printing fabric has a frosted surface.
根据权利要求29所述的FDM打印织物，其特征在于，所述FDM打印织物为衣物、布料、或鞋面。The FDM printed fabric according to claim 29, wherein the FDM printed fabric is clothing, cloth, or shoe upper.
一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，存储有至少一计算机程序，所述至少一计算机程序在被处理器调用时执行并实现如权利要求26至27中任一所述的FDM打印方法。A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that it stores at least one computer program, and the at least one computer program executes and implements the FDM printing method according to any one of claims 26 to 27 when invoked by a processor.