WO2022224940A1 - Corrosion-resistant copper alloy, copper alloy pipe and heat exchanger - Google Patents
Corrosion-resistant copper alloy, copper alloy pipe and heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022224940A1 WO2022224940A1 PCT/JP2022/018078 JP2022018078W WO2022224940A1 WO 2022224940 A1 WO2022224940 A1 WO 2022224940A1 JP 2022018078 W JP2022018078 W JP 2022018078W WO 2022224940 A1 WO2022224940 A1 WO 2022224940A1
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a corrosion-resistant copper alloy, a copper alloy pipe and a heat exchanger using the same, and more particularly to a corrosion-resistant copper alloy with improved corrosion resistance against ant nest corrosion.
- Phosphorus-deoxidized copper pipes (JIS H3300 C1220), which are excellent in thermal conductivity, bending workability, and brazing properties, have been widely used for refrigerant pipes or heat exchanger pipes. Copper tubing also generally exhibits very good corrosion resistance. Corrosion reactions of metals are explained by the transfer of electrons in electrochemical reactions. An anode from which electrons are emitted and a cathode from which electrons are received always occur in symmetrical relation and are also called anode and cathode respectively. For example, in a galvanic cell, the reaction at the anode corresponds to the metal elution reaction, and the reaction at the cathode corresponds to the metal deposition reaction.
- Cu has a nobler potential than H, so H ions cannot cause a cathodic reaction with Cu. Without the presence of an oxidizing agent such as O, there can be no cathodic reaction in non-oxidizing acids, so there can be no anodic reaction, and thus copper exhibits excellent corrosion resistance in non-oxidizing environments. .
- ant nest corrosion may occur in refrigerant pipes or heat exchanger pipes.
- Cu has a nobler potential than H, so the reaction with acid does not consume H, and once corrosion progresses in an acidic environment, it is difficult to suppress the corrosion rate with Cu alone.
- the ant nest-like corrosion progresses at a high speed, progresses in the thickness direction in a short period of time, and penetrates the copper pipe.
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 there is a strong demand from the market for copper pipes with excellent resistance to ant's nest corrosion, and technologies such as Patent Documents 1 to 3 have been proposed and commercialized.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a copper alloy containing any one of Zn, Mn and Mg as a copper alloy with excellent corrosion resistance to ant nest corrosion.
- the evaluation conditions for resistance to ant nest corrosion are cooling operation and air blowing operation with an actual heat exchanger, whether it is effective against ant nest corrosion under severe conditions such as the coexistence of formic acid. Further investigation is required.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a copper alloy with a high P content as a copper alloy with excellent resistance to ant's nest corrosion.
- the evaluation period for the resistance to ant nest corrosion is as short as 20 days, further investigation is required as to whether or not it is effective when exposed to a corrosive environment over a longer period of time.
- P is contained in a large amount, there is a concern that the pH of the eluted portion is lowered and the amount of wall thickness reduction in an acidic environment is increased.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a copper alloy with a low P content as a copper alloy with excellent resistance to ant's nest corrosion.
- Cu has a higher potential than H, as described above, it is difficult to control the pH in the corrosion pits with Cu alone. Therefore, it is necessary to further investigate whether it is effective against ant nest-like corrosion under more severe conditions.
- the addition or mixing of P may be unavoidable. value, the desired resistance to ant's nest corrosion may not be obtained.
- the content of alloying components is high, the copper alloy may deteriorate in workability.
- the present invention has been made in view of this situation, and is a corrosion-resistant copper alloy that has excellent workability and excellent long-term corrosion resistance against ant nest-like corrosion in the presence of a lower carboxylic acid.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a copper alloy tube and a heat exchanger using the corrosion-resistant copper alloy.
- the present inventors have found that in Cu, as an additive element that is easily eluted in an acidic solution and that can raise the pH by elution, a (base) metal having a potential lower than that of Al at the standard electrode potential, especially a long-period periodicity
- a (base) metal having a potential lower than that of Al at the standard electrode potential, especially a long-period periodicity
- the present invention has been completed based on such knowledge. That is, the present invention has the following configurations.
- the corrosion-resistant copper alloy of the present invention contains at least one alloy component selected from metals having a standard electrode potential lower than that of Al, the balance being Cu and unavoidable impurities, and the content of the alloy component is 0.01% by mass or more and less than 0.5% by mass.
- the alloy components are easily eluted into an acidic solution, and the elution raises the pH, neutralizing the carboxylic acid inside the pores and rendering it harmless.
- the metal having a standard electrode potential lower than that of Al is preferably at least one selected from Li, K, Ca, Na, and Mg.
- the metal having a standard electrode potential lower than that of Al is preferably at least one selected from Ca and Mg.
- the corrosion-resistant copper alloy of the present invention when the corrosion-resistant copper alloy contains P, the P content is 0.015 mass% or less, and the content of the alloy component is X mass%. , [X/p], which is the value obtained by dividing X by p, where the content of P is p% by mass, is 9.10 or more. (5) Further, the corrosion-resistant copper alloy of the present invention preferably has the above [X/p] of 16.60 or more.
- a copper alloy tube of the present invention uses the corrosion-resistant copper alloy described in any one of (1) to (5) above.
- the copper alloy tube of the present invention can also be an internally grooved copper alloy tube.
- a heat exchanger of the present invention uses the copper alloy tube described in (6) or (7) above.
- the corrosion-resistant copper alloy of the present invention has excellent workability and excellent long-term corrosion resistance against ant nest-like corrosion in the presence of a lower carboxylic acid. The same applies to copper alloy pipes and heat exchangers using the corrosion-resistant copper alloy of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a test container used for evaluation of ant nest corrosion resistance.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the dimensions of the test material made of a copper alloy used for evaluating the resistance to ant nest corrosion, (a) is a plan view of the test material, and (b) is the test material. It is a perspective view of material.
- (a), (b), and (c) of FIG. 3 are schematic diagrams showing the operation procedure of the brazing material wettability evaluation test.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the value of [X/p] and corrosion depth.
- Carboxylic acid exists as a copper complex in the pits of ant nest-like corrosion (formula (3) below), or remains in the corrosive environment as an aldehyde and is oxidized inside the corrosion pits to produce carboxylic acid again ( Formulas (4) and (5)) are considered to play a role in the formation of specific corrosion pits.
- Ant nest-like corrosion occurs when all three elements of carboxylic acid, oxygen, and water are present, and the progress of corrosion continues by maintaining an environment in which they coexist inside the corrosion pit. If even one of these elements can be removed from inside the corrosion pit, the progress of corrosion can be suppressed.
- Mg manganesium metal
- an oxide of Mg is dispersed in the alloy, and the effect of raising the pH when eluting into an acidic solution.
- Mg as an example of a metal with a lower standard electrode potential than Al
- the present inventors considered adding a small amount of Mg to a Cu base material.
- the Mg eluted together with Cu into the corrosion pit or its oxide increases the pH inside the ant nest-like corrosion pit, and the ants contained in the pit are trapped.
- carboxylic acid which is a corrosion accelerator of focal corrosion, can be rendered harmless.
- the corrosion-resistant copper alloy of the present invention contains at least one alloy component selected from metals having a lower standard electrode potential than Al.
- At least one (base) metal with a potential lower than that of Al By adding at least one (base) metal with a potential lower than that of Al to Cu in the standard electrode potential, the effect of increasing pH can be imparted.
- the element belongs to Group 1 or Group 2 in the long-period periodic table, it is easy to obtain the effect of increasing the pH.
- At least one of Li, K, Ca, Na, and Mg is preferable as a metal having a lower standard electrode potential than Al and belonging to Group 1 or Group 2.
- Table 1 shows the standard electrode potential values of metals having a lower standard electrode potential than Al.
- the remainder other than the above additive elements is only Cu and unavoidable impurities.
- the unavoidable impurities referred to here are impurities that must be added in manufacturing the alloy or alloy pipe of the present invention, or that are difficult to remove completely, and that are unavoidable to be mixed in the mass production process at the current technical level. show. Specifically, based on JIS H3300 C1220, it is an element that satisfies the characteristics defined in the present invention and excludes Cu and additive elements based on the present invention. Examples of unavoidable impurities include Zn, Pb, Fe, Sn, Ni, Si, Sb, and Bi. Inevitable impurities do not inhibit the effects of the present invention as long as the total content is 0.1% by mass or less.
- Ca and Mg are more preferable as metals that have a lower standard electrode potential than Al and are added to Cu.
- Ca or Mg By adding Ca or Mg, it is possible to provide an effect of suppressing corrosion due to pH increase, and at the same time, it is possible to maintain good workability and brazability as an alloy material.
- Mg is particularly preferable as a metal to be added to Cu from the viewpoint of the effect of pH increase due to elution, the difficulty of casting and handling of the additive element itself, and the workability and brazeability as an alloy material.
- the effect of suppressing ants nest-like corrosion due to the ability to adjust pH depends on the content of additive elements in Cu.
- the total content of at least one alloy component (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as "alloy component") selected from metals having a lower standard electrode potential than Al is It is 0.01% by mass or more and less than 0.5% by mass. If the total content of the alloy components is 0.01% by mass or more, it is possible to exhibit sufficient corrosion resistance against ant nest corrosion.
- the method for evaluating the resistance to ant nest corrosion can be evaluated by the depth of corrosion after a test of exposure to a 0.5 vol % formic acid aqueous solution atmosphere for 60 days. When the corrosion depth is 0.25 mm or less, it is determined that the resistance to ant nest corrosion is good. The details of the evaluation method for resistance to ant nest corrosion will be described later.
- Cu has a better elongation property as the amount of additive elements is smaller, and shows very excellent workability in working such as bending. It has been found that a tensile strength of 280 N/mm 2 or less after annealing is sufficient to maintain this property.
- the Cu alloy can satisfy the condition that the tensile strength after annealing is 280 N/mm 2 or less if the total content of the alloy components is less than 0.5% by mass.
- Cu may cause stress corrosion cracking when exposed to an environment containing ammonia if it contains more than a certain amount of the composition.
- the Cu alloy can further suppress stress corrosion cracking due to ammonia if the total content of the alloy components is 0.35% by mass or less. Therefore, it is preferable that the total content of the Cu alloy when the alloy components are added is 0.35% by mass or less.
- Cu has very good wettability of the brazing filler metal in brazing using phosphorous copper brazing, which is remarkable as the amount of additive elements is small.
- the wettability of the brazing filler metal will be better if the total content of the Cu alloy is 0.25% by mass or less when the alloy components are added. Therefore, it is preferable that the total content of the Cu alloy is 0.25% by mass or less when the alloy components are added.
- the thermal conductivity is strongly correlated with electrical conductivity.
- the electrical conductivity should be 85% IACS or more.
- the total content of the Cu alloy when the alloy components are added is 0.15% by mass or less.
- P is sometimes added to Cu for the purpose of deoxidizing.
- P in Cu is eluted, phosphoric acid is generated, which lowers the pH of the surroundings and can inhibit the effects of the present invention.
- the P content in Cu is preferably 0.015% by mass or less.
- the addition or contamination of P may be unavoidable depending on the casting method and the raw materials used. If the ratio of the P content (p% by mass) to the P content (p% by mass) exceeds a certain value, the pH-raising effect of the alloy components, that is, the effect of detoxifying the carboxylic acid cannot be obtained sufficiently, resulting in the desired resistance to corrosion. In some cases, ant nest corrosiveness could not be obtained. Therefore, the ratio of the P content (p mass %) to the alloy component content (X mass %) is set to a predetermined value.
- Corrosion-resistant copper alloy when the content of the alloy component is X mass% and the content of P is p mass%, [X/p], which is the value obtained by dividing X by p, is 9 .10 or more. By maintaining this, it is possible to offset the corrosion resistance nullifying action caused by P and to provide the required ant-comb-like corrosion resistance.
- Corrosion-resistant copper alloys should have an [X/p] of 16.60 or higher for applications that are used in somewhat severe corrosive environment conditions even in Japan, or applications that place importance on the durability of equipment such as room air conditioners. Preferably.
- the copper alloy pipe of the present invention uses the corrosion-resistant copper alloy of the present invention.
- a heat exchanger of the present invention uses the copper alloy tube of the present invention.
- the corrosion-resistant copper alloy of the present invention can be produced using known melting and casting processes.
- the copper alloy pipe of the present invention can be manufactured through known melting/casting processes, soaking processes, hot extrusion processes, rolling/drawing processes, and annealing processes.
- the copper alloy tube of the present invention is preferably an internally grooved tube.
- An internally grooved tube is a copper alloy tube in which grooves of a predetermined shape are formed on the inner surface of the tube. Groove shapes such as the number of grooves, the height of fins formed between grooves, the groove bottom thickness, and the groove lead angle can be those of conventionally known grooved tubes.
- the grooved tube improves the heat transfer coefficient and improves the performance of the heat exchanger.
- a copper alloy tube and an internally grooved tube using the corrosion-resistant copper alloy of the present invention are useful as materials for heat exchangers.
- the criterion for ant-combust corrosion resistance is 0.25 mm or less. This level can be said to be tolerable.
- the oxidizing gas enters the room and comes into contact with the alcohol component present in the room.
- the level is assumed to withstand this. It is also suitable for thinning to reduce material costs.
- the samples in Table 7 assume levels that can be used in corrosive, relatively mild environmental conditions.
- Copper alloys were prepared by adding Mg and P as additive elements to Cu in various additive amounts shown in Tables 3 to 8 and subjected to tests. A copper plate was produced through each process of melting and casting, hot rolling, cold rolling, and annealing.
- Test material dimensions width 30 mm ⁇ length 180 mm ⁇ thickness 0.2 mm, JIS Z2241: 2011 Metal material tensile test method No. 5 test piece compliant ⁇ Test method: JIS Z2241: 2011 Metal material tensile test method compliant, Tensile strength was measured with a tensile tester.
- ⁇ Criteria for tensile strength ⁇ : Tensile strength of 280 N / mm 2 or less, workability such as bending maintained
- ⁇ Tensile strength exceeding 280 N / mm 2 , workability such as bending decreased
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a test container used for evaluation of ant nest corrosion resistance.
- the test container 10 is a closed container 11 that can be sealed with a silicone stopper 14 .
- a corrosion-promoting substance 12 is injected into the bottom of a sealed container 11, and a test material 13 is held in the air.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the dimensions of a test material made of a copper alloy used for evaluating the resistance to ant's nest corrosion.
- FIG. 2(a) is a plan view of the test material.
- b) is a perspective view of the test material.
- the test material is a copper alloy plate of width 12 mm ⁇ length 200 mm ⁇ thickness 1.0 mm. The portion other than the range of 10 mm wide by 200 mm long on one side is covered with a rubber material to protect it from being exposed to corrosive environments.
- ⁇ Test material dimensions width 12 mm x length 200 mm x thickness 1.0 mm
- Corrosion promoting substance 500 mL of 0.5 vol% formic acid aqueous solution
- ⁇ Temperature conditions Repeat the heat cycle of storing the plastic container in a constant temperature bath and holding it at 20°C for 2 hours and then holding it at 40°C for 22 hours. In this method, keeping the temperature at 20°C promotes the formation of condensation, and the formic acid volatilized inside the container is taken into the condensed water. By keeping the temperature at 40°C, the condensed water is dried and the formic acid is concentrated, further promoting the progress of corrosion.
- ⁇ Test container The test material is held hollow in a 2 L plastic container ⁇ Atmosphere in the container: Oxygen replacement ⁇ Test period: 60 days ⁇ Determination criteria for resistance to ant nest corrosion ⁇ : Effective, maximum corrosion depth 0.25 mm or less ⁇ : No effect, maximum corrosion depth exceeds 0.25 mm
- Table 3 shows evaluation results of ant nest corrosion resistance and tensile strength.
- No. 1 No. 2 has a Mg content of 0.01% by mass and 0.495% by mass, respectively. All of them satisfied the judgment criteria in terms of resistance to ant's nest corrosion and tensile strength, and exhibited excellent performance.
- No. 3 the content of Mg was as low as 0.005% by mass, and the criteria for resistance to ant nest corrosion could not be satisfied.
- No. No. 4 had an excessive Mg content of 0.98% by mass and could not satisfy the criteria for tensile strength.
- No. In No. 5 Mg was not added and the P content was 0.020% by mass, but the evaluation criteria could not be satisfied in terms of resistance to ant's nest corrosion.
- Ant's nest corrosion resistance, tensile strength, stress corrosion cracking resistance Test methods and evaluation methods for ant's nest corrosion resistance and tensile strength were as follows. Same as 1-5.
- Stress corrosion cracking resistance A stress corrosion cracking test was performed with reference to the technical standard JBMA T-301 of the Japan Copper and Brass Association for the configuration of the test equipment. Further, in order to examine more detailed characteristics, the detailed test conditions were as follows. ⁇ Test material dimensions: width 12 mm x length 20 mm x thickness 1.0 mm ⁇ Corrosion promoting substance: 14 vol% ammonia aqueous solution, 100 mL - Test container: desiccator - Exposure condition: In a desiccator containing an aqueous ammonia solution at the bottom, an intermediate plate is placed horizontally at a distance of about 100 mm from the liquid surface. Furthermore, the test material is placed on the intermediate plate and sealed.
- test material was installed horizontally with the front and back facing up and down.
- resin-coated copper wires of ⁇ 2.5 mm were placed between both ends of the test material and the intermediate plate so as not to be placed directly on the intermediate plate.
- ⁇ Exposure time 72 hours
- ⁇ Evaluation method After completion of the test, pickle (sulfuric acid), then bend 180° so that the upper surface side at the time of test installation is facing outward. Observe the bent cross section and evaluate the presence or absence of cracks.
- Criteria for stress corrosion cracking resistance ⁇ : crack depth less than 0.10 mm
- ⁇ crack depth 0.10 mm or more
- Table 4 shows the evaluation results of ant nest corrosion resistance, tensile strength and stress corrosion cracking resistance.
- the Mg content affects the susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking.
- No. 6 and no. 7 has a Mg content of 0.01% by mass and 0.35% by mass, respectively, but satisfies the criteria in terms of resistance to ant nest corrosion, tensile strength, and resistance to stress corrosion cracking. and had excellent performance.
- FIG. 3 shows the operating procedure of the brazing material wettability evaluation test.
- the test material 21 is bent 90° in the longitudinal direction, and the brazing filler metal 20 is placed in the center of the valley fold of the test material 21 .
- the brazing material 20 has a length A before heating. The brazing material 20 was heated in the above state, and the overall length (longitudinal direction) B of the wet and spread brazing material 20 after heating was measured (Fig. 3(c)).
- Table 5 shows evaluation results of resistance to ant's nest corrosion, tensile strength, resistance to stress corrosion cracking, and brazing filler metal wettability.
- No. 9 and no. No. 10 has a Mg content of 0.01% by mass and 0.25% by mass, respectively. also satisfied the criteria and had excellent performance.
- Ant's nest corrosion resistance, tensile strength, stress corrosion cracking resistance, brazing filler metal wettability, electrical conductivity Ant's nest corrosion resistance, tensile strength, stress corrosion cracking resistance, brazing filler metal wettability The test method and evaluation method for the sex are No. Same as 1-11.
- Table 6 shows evaluation results of resistance to ant's nest corrosion, tensile strength, resistance to stress corrosion cracking, brazing filler metal wettability, and electrical conductivity.
- No. In No. 14 the Mg content was 0.18% by mass, but the criteria for electrical conductivity could not be satisfied.
- Table 7 shows the evaluation results of ant nest corrosion resistance.
- the Mg content X is 0.0440 mass%, 0.0830 mass%, 0.0470 mass%, and 0.0800 mass%, respectively, and the P content p is 0. 0.00310% by mass, 0.00680% by mass, 0.00510% by mass, and 0.00850% by mass, but X/p, which is the content ratio of each element in each sample, is 9.10 or more of the standard. , satisfies the criteria for ant nest corrosion resistance. No. 19 and no.
- X which is the content of Mg
- p which is the content of P
- X/p was below the standard of 9.10, and the evaluation standard was not satisfied in terms of resistance to ant nest corrosion. Since the content of Mg in each sample is less than 0.5% by mass, the tensile strength is estimated to be 280 N/mm 2 or less, so the evaluation of the tensile strength is omitted.
- this judgment standard in this test method is also a necessary and sufficient judgment criterion for applications that are used in corrosive environmental conditions that are somewhat severe in Japan, and applications that emphasize the durability of equipment such as room air conditioners. . ⁇ : effective, maximum corrosion depth 0.250 mm or less ⁇ : no effect, maximum corrosion depth exceeds 0.250 mm
- Table 8 shows the evaluation results of ant nest corrosion resistance.
- the Mg content X is 0.0468% by mass and 0.0833% by mass, respectively, and the P content p is 0.00270% by mass and 0.00480% by mass.
- X/p which is the content ratio of each element in the sample, was 16.60 or more, which is the standard, and satisfied the criterion for resistance to ant's nest corrosion.
- X/p was below the standard of 16.60, respectively, and the judgment standard was not satisfied in terms of resistance to ant nest corrosion.
- No. 23 and no. 24 samples no. Similar to Nos. 15 to 18, there is no practical problem under relatively mild corrosive environmental conditions.
- the tensile strength is estimated to be 280 N/mm 2 or less, and thus the evaluation of the tensile strength is omitted.
- Tables 7 and 8 are shown in Figure 4.
- ⁇ corresponds to Table 7
- ⁇ corresponds to Table 8.
- the circle spots are those where the Mg content X is 0.08
- the triangular spots are those where the Mg content X is 0.04.
- [1] containing at least one alloy component selected from metals having a standard electrode potential lower than that of Al, and the balance consisting of Cu and unavoidable impurities, A corrosion-resistant copper alloy, wherein the total content of the alloy components is 0.01% by mass or more and less than 0.5% by mass.
- [2] The corrosion-resistant copper alloy according to [1], wherein the metal having a standard electrode potential lower than that of Al is Li, K, Ca, Na, or Mg.
- [3] The corrosion-resistant copper alloy according to [1] or [2], wherein the metals having a standard electrode potential lower than that of Al are Ca and Mg.
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Abstract
Description
具体的には、図4のグラフに示すように、横軸にX/p(=x)、縦軸に腐食深さ(y)を取ると、下式の関係が高い精度で成り立つことを見出した。
y=-0.0218×ln(x-8.87)+0.295 Furthermore, in order to provide the desired ant-comb corrosion resistance, the present inventors have determined that the content of the alloy component contained in the copper alloy, X mass%, is detoxified by the carboxylic acid component. It has been found that there is an appropriate range for the ratio of X mass %, which is the content of the alloying component, and p mass %, which is the content of P, in which the is not invalidated by P.
Specifically, as shown in the graph of FIG. 4, when the horizontal axis is X/p (=x) and the vertical axis is the corrosion depth (y), it was found that the relationship of the following formula holds with high accuracy. rice field.
y=−0.0218×ln(x−8.87)+0.295
(5)また、本発明の耐食性銅合金は、前記[X/p]が16.60以上であることが好ましい。 (4) Further, in the corrosion-resistant copper alloy of the present invention, when the corrosion-resistant copper alloy contains P, the P content is 0.015 mass% or less, and the content of the alloy component is X mass%. , [X/p], which is the value obtained by dividing X by p, where the content of P is p% by mass, is 9.10 or more.
(5) Further, the corrosion-resistant copper alloy of the present invention preferably has the above [X/p] of 16.60 or more.
蟻の巣状腐食は、アノードにおける銅の溶出(下記(1)式)に対し、酸素が存在する湿潤環境下で溶存酸素の還元反応(下記(2)式)が起こる銅の表面がカソードになり、蟻酸、酢酸等の低級カルボン酸が腐食促進物質として作用することによって発生する。これらの腐食促進物質は、製管工程及び熱交換器組立工程等で使用される潤滑油、加工油、有機溶剤、または空調機器の使用環境中に含まれる物質より生成し得ることが知られている。 An embodiment of the corrosion-resistant copper alloy according to the present invention will be described in detail below.
For ant nest corrosion, copper elution at the anode (formula (1) below), whereas the reduction reaction of dissolved oxygen (formula (2) below) occurs in a moist environment where oxygen is present. It is generated when lower carboxylic acids such as formic acid and acetic acid act as corrosion promoting substances. It is known that these corrosion-promoting substances can be generated from lubricating oils, processing oils, organic solvents used in the pipe manufacturing process, heat exchanger assembly process, etc., or substances contained in the environment in which air conditioners are used. there is
Cu→Cu2++2e- (1) (アノード反応)
O2+2H2O+4e-→4OH- (2) (カソード反応) With reference to the pourbaix-diagram, which is known as a diagram showing the stable state for each potential and pH, examples of reactions related to the elution of Cu in an aqueous solution are described below.
Cu→Cu 2+ +2e − (1) (anodic reaction)
O 2 +2H 2 O+4e − →4OH − (2) (cathode reaction)
Cu2++2(HCOO)-→Cu(HCOO)2 (3)
HCOOH+2H+→HCHO+H2O (4)
HCHO+2OH-→HCOOH+H2O+2e- (5) Carboxylic acid exists as a copper complex in the pits of ant nest-like corrosion (formula (3) below), or remains in the corrosive environment as an aldehyde and is oxidized inside the corrosion pits to produce carboxylic acid again ( Formulas (4) and (5)) are considered to play a role in the formation of specific corrosion pits.
Cu 2+ +2(HCOO) − →Cu(HCOO) 2 (3)
HCOOH+2H + →HCHO+ H2O (4)
HCHO+2OH − →HCOOH+H 2 O+2e − (5)
本発明の耐食性銅合金は、Alよりも標準電極電位が低い金属から選択される少なくとも一種類の合金成分(以下、単に「合金成分」と記載することがある。)の含有量の合計が、0.01質量%以上、0.5質量%未満である。合金成分の含有量の合計が、0.01質量%以上であれば、蟻の巣状腐食において十分な耐食性を発現させることができる。耐蟻の巣状腐食性の評価方法は、0.5vol%ギ酸水溶液雰囲気に60日曝露する試験を行った後の腐食深さで評価することができる。腐食深さが0.25mm以下であると、耐蟻の巣状腐食性が良好であると判定される。耐蟻の巣状腐食性の評価方法の詳細は後記する。 The effect of suppressing ants nest-like corrosion due to the ability to adjust pH, which the inventors have discovered, depends on the content of additive elements in Cu.
In the corrosion-resistant copper alloy of the present invention, the total content of at least one alloy component (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as "alloy component") selected from metals having a lower standard electrode potential than Al is It is 0.01% by mass or more and less than 0.5% by mass. If the total content of the alloy components is 0.01% by mass or more, it is possible to exhibit sufficient corrosion resistance against ant nest corrosion. The method for evaluating the resistance to ant nest corrosion can be evaluated by the depth of corrosion after a test of exposure to a 0.5 vol % formic acid aqueous solution atmosphere for 60 days. When the corrosion depth is 0.25 mm or less, it is determined that the resistance to ant nest corrosion is good. The details of the evaluation method for resistance to ant nest corrosion will be described later.
また、耐食性銅合金は、日本国内でもやや厳しい腐食環境条件で使用する用途や、ルームエアコン等の機器耐久性を重要視する用途などに対しては、[X/p]が16.60以上であることが好ましい。 Specifically, in the corrosion-resistant copper alloy, when the content of the alloy component is X mass% and the content of P is p mass%, [X/p], which is the value obtained by dividing X by p, is 9 .10 or more. By maintaining this, it is possible to offset the corrosion resistance nullifying action caused by P and to provide the required ant-comb-like corrosion resistance.
Corrosion-resistant copper alloys should have an [X/p] of 16.60 or higher for applications that are used in somewhat severe corrosive environment conditions even in Japan, or applications that place importance on the durability of equipment such as room air conditioners. Preferably.
本発明の耐食性銅合金は、公知の溶解・鋳造工程を用いて製造することができる。
また、本発明の銅合金管は、公知の溶解・鋳造工程、ソーキング工程、熱間押出工程、圧延・抽伸工程、焼鈍工程を経て製造することができる。 The copper alloy pipe of the present invention uses the corrosion-resistant copper alloy of the present invention. A heat exchanger of the present invention uses the copper alloy tube of the present invention.
The corrosion-resistant copper alloy of the present invention can be produced using known melting and casting processes.
Moreover, the copper alloy pipe of the present invention can be manufactured through known melting/casting processes, soaking processes, hot extrusion processes, rolling/drawing processes, and annealing processes.
以下のサンプルにおいて、表3~表6については、引張強さ及び耐蟻の巣状腐食性に優れるものを実施例とした。表7、表8については、耐蟻の巣状腐食性に優れるものを実施例とした。
なお、一部のサンプルについては、参考として耐応力腐食割れ性、ろう材濡れ性、導電率を測定した。そして、表3~表6について、引張強さ及び耐蟻の巣状腐食性に優れるものを総合判定が(○)とし、引張強さ及び耐蟻の巣状腐食性に優れていても、耐応力腐食割れ性、ろう材濡れ性、導電率のいずれかに劣るものを総合判定が(△)とした。総合判定が(△)であっても、使用環境や、使用用途等によっては問題がなく、本発明の課題を解決できるものである。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples satisfying the requirements of the present invention and comparative examples not meeting the requirements of the present invention.
In Tables 3 to 6 of the following samples, those excellent in tensile strength and resistance to ant's nest corrosion were taken as examples. In Tables 7 and 8, examples are those which are excellent in resistance to ant's nest corrosion.
For some samples, stress corrosion cracking resistance, brazing filler metal wettability, and electrical conductivity were measured for reference. In Tables 3 to 6, those with excellent tensile strength and resistance to ant's nest corrosion were given a comprehensive judgment of (○). Poor in either stress corrosion cracking resistance, brazing filler metal wettability, or electrical conductivity, the overall judgment was (Δ). Even if the overall judgment is (Δ), there is no problem depending on the usage environment, usage, etc., and the problem of the present invention can be solved.
表7のサンプルは、腐食性の比較的マイルドな環境条件で使用できるレベルを想定している。例えば、日本国内における気密性の高い新築家屋において、建築資材などから発生する揮発性化学物質(VOC)の影響で蟻の巣状腐食の発生することがあった一般家庭において使用できるレベルを想定している。
表8のサンプルは、日本国内でもやや厳しい腐食環境条件で使用できるレベルを想定している。例えば、気密性の高い新築家屋において、ペットを飼っている、消臭剤をよく使用する、消毒液をよく使用するなど、生活習慣的な揮発性化学物質要因の影響により蟻の巣状腐食の発生が認められた一般家庭において使用できるレベルを想定している。また、ルームエアコン等の機器耐久性を重要視する用途などの使用も想定している。 In Tables 3 to 6, the criterion for ant-combust corrosion resistance is 0.25 mm or less. This level can be said to be tolerable. For example, in air conditioners used in highly polluted areas containing many oxidizing air pollutants such as SOx and NOx, the oxidizing gas enters the room and comes into contact with the alcohol component present in the room. , when there is a significant increase in lower carboxylic acid produced by oxidative deterioration of the alcohol component, the level is assumed to withstand this. It is also suitable for thinning to reduce material costs.
The samples in Table 7 assume levels that can be used in corrosive, relatively mild environmental conditions. For example, we assume a level that can be used in general households where ant nest-like corrosion has occurred due to the influence of volatile chemical substances (VOC) generated from building materials in newly built houses with high airtightness in Japan. ing.
The samples in Table 8 assume a level that can be used under relatively severe corrosive environmental conditions even in Japan. For example, in a newly built house with high airtightness, volatile chemical factors such as pets, frequent use of deodorant, frequent use of disinfectant, etc. can cause ant nest-like corrosion. It assumes a level that can be used in general households where the outbreak is recognized. It is also expected to be used in applications such as room air conditioners where equipment durability is important.
Cuに、添加元素としてMg、Pを使用し、表3~表8に記載の種々の添加量で添加した銅合金を作成して試験に供した。
銅板は、溶解鋳造、熱間圧延、冷間圧延、焼鈍の各工程を経て作製した。 1. Sample Manufacturing Method Copper alloys were prepared by adding Mg and P as additive elements to Cu in various additive amounts shown in Tables 3 to 8 and subjected to tests.
A copper plate was produced through each process of melting and casting, hot rolling, cold rolling, and annealing.
JIS K 0116:2014 発光分光分析通則、5項、スパーク放電発光分光分析により行った。
分析条件の詳細は下記の通りである。
使用機器:島津製作所製PDA-7000
雰囲気ガス:99.9995%高純度アルゴンガス
電極間隔(放電ギャップ):7mm
予備放電:1500パルス
定量方法:強度比法における定時積分
積分時間:1200パルス
各元素の定量分析における分析線(元素毎の測定波長)の例を表2に示す。 2. Chemical component analysis method of sample JIS K 0116: 2014 General Rules for Emission Spectroscopy, Item 5, spark discharge emission spectroscopy.
The details of the analysis conditions are as follows.
Equipment used: PDA-7000 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation
Atmospheric gas: 99.9995% high-purity argon gas Electrode gap (discharge gap): 7 mm
Preliminary discharge: 1500 pulses Quantitative method: Timed integration integration time in intensity ratio method: 1200 pulses Table 2 shows examples of analytical lines (measurement wavelengths for each element) in quantitative analysis of each element.
銅板の焼鈍後に組織観察を行い、機械的性質(引張強さ)、耐蟻の巣状腐食性、耐応力腐食割れ性、ろう材濡れ性、導電率を測定した。 3. Evaluation method After the copper plate was annealed, the structure was observed, and the mechanical properties (tensile strength), ant nest corrosion resistance, stress corrosion cracking resistance, brazing filler metal wettability, and electrical conductivity were measured.
[評価項目]引張強さ、耐蟻の巣状腐食性 <No. 1 to 5>
[Evaluation items] Tensile strength, resistance to ant nest corrosion
・供試材寸法:幅30mm×長さ180mm×厚さ0.2mm、JIS Z2241:2011 金属材料引張試験方法5号試験片準拠
・試験方法:JIS Z2241:2011 金属材料引張試験方法に準拠し、引張試験機で引張強さを測定した。
・引張強さの判定基準
○:引張強さ280N/mm2以下、曲げ等の加工性を維持
×:引張強さ280N/mm2を超える、曲げ等の加工性が低下 (Tensile strength)
・ Test material dimensions: width 30 mm × length 180 mm × thickness 0.2 mm, JIS Z2241: 2011 Metal material tensile test method No. 5 test piece compliant ・ Test method: JIS Z2241: 2011 Metal material tensile test method compliant, Tensile strength was measured with a tensile tester.
・ Criteria for tensile strength ○: Tensile strength of 280 N / mm 2 or less, workability such as bending maintained ×: Tensile strength exceeding 280 N / mm 2 , workability such as bending decreased
蟻の巣状腐食の代表的な腐食促進物質である蟻酸を用いた湿潤環境に供試材を暴露し、腐食試験後の最大腐食深さを測定した。試験条件を以下に示す。図1に、耐蟻の巣状腐食性の評価に用いる試験容器の模式的断面図を示した。試験容器10は、シリコン栓14で密閉できる密閉容器11である。密閉容器11内の底部に腐食促進物質12が注入されており、供試材13は中空に保持されている。 (ant nest corrosion resistance)
The maximum corrosion depth after the corrosion test was measured by exposing the test material to a wet environment using formic acid, a typical corrosion promoter for ant nest corrosion. Test conditions are shown below. FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a test container used for evaluation of ant nest corrosion resistance. The
・供試材寸法:幅12mm×長さ200mm×厚さ1.0mm
・腐食促進物質:0.5vol%ギ酸水溶液500mL
・温度条件:恒温槽内にポリ容器を保管して、20℃×2時間保持後に40℃×22時間保持するヒートサイクルを繰り返す。この方法では20℃の保持で結露の発生を促し、容器内部に揮発したギ酸を結露水に取り込み、40℃の保持で結露水を乾燥させ、ギ酸を濃縮させる事で、腐食の進行をより助長する加速条件となっている。
・試験容器:2Lのポリ容器にて供試材を中空保持する
・容器内雰囲気:酸素置換
・試験期間:60日
・耐蟻の巣状腐食性の判定基準
○:効果あり、最大腐食深さ0.25mm以下
×:効果なし、最大腐食深さ0.25mmを超える FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the dimensions of a test material made of a copper alloy used for evaluating the resistance to ant's nest corrosion. FIG. 2(a) is a plan view of the test material. b) is a perspective view of the test material. The test material is a copper alloy plate of
・Test material dimensions:
・Corrosion promoting substance: 500 mL of 0.5 vol% formic acid aqueous solution
・Temperature conditions: Repeat the heat cycle of storing the plastic container in a constant temperature bath and holding it at 20°C for 2 hours and then holding it at 40°C for 22 hours. In this method, keeping the temperature at 20°C promotes the formation of condensation, and the formic acid volatilized inside the container is taken into the condensed water. By keeping the temperature at 40°C, the condensed water is dried and the formic acid is concentrated, further promoting the progress of corrosion. It is an acceleration condition for
・Test container: The test material is held hollow in a 2 L plastic container ・Atmosphere in the container: Oxygen replacement ・Test period: 60 days ・Determination criteria for resistance to ant nest corrosion ○: Effective, maximum corrosion depth 0.25 mm or less ×: No effect, maximum corrosion depth exceeds 0.25 mm
表3に、耐蟻の巣状腐食性、引張強さの評価結果を示した。
No.1、No.2は、Mgの含有量がそれぞれ0.01質量%、0.495質量%である。いずれも耐蟻の巣状腐食性、引張強さの各項目において、判定基準を満足し、優れた性能を有していた。
No.3は、Mgの含有量が0.005質量%と少なく、耐蟻の巣状腐食性において判定基準を満足できなかった。
No.4は、Mgの含有量が0.98質量%と過剰であり、引張強さにおいて判定基準を満足できなかった。
No.5は、Mgを添加せず、Pの含有量が0.020質量%であるが、耐蟻の巣状腐食性において、判定基準を満足できなかった。 [Evaluation results]
Table 3 shows evaluation results of ant nest corrosion resistance and tensile strength.
No. 1, No. 2 has a Mg content of 0.01% by mass and 0.495% by mass, respectively. All of them satisfied the judgment criteria in terms of resistance to ant's nest corrosion and tensile strength, and exhibited excellent performance.
No. In No. 3, the content of Mg was as low as 0.005% by mass, and the criteria for resistance to ant nest corrosion could not be satisfied.
No. No. 4 had an excessive Mg content of 0.98% by mass and could not satisfy the criteria for tensile strength.
No. In No. 5, Mg was not added and the P content was 0.020% by mass, but the evaluation criteria could not be satisfied in terms of resistance to ant's nest corrosion.
[評価項目]耐蟻の巣状腐食性、引張強さ、耐応力腐食割れ性
耐蟻の巣状腐食性、引張強さの試験方法及び評価方法は、No.1~5と同じである。 <No. 6-8>
[Evaluation items] Ant's nest corrosion resistance, tensile strength, stress corrosion cracking resistance Test methods and evaluation methods for ant's nest corrosion resistance and tensile strength were as follows. Same as 1-5.
試験装置の構成などについて、一般社団法人 日本伸銅協会 技術標準 JBMA T-301を参考に、応力腐食割れ試験を実施した。また、より詳細な特性を調べるために、詳細な試験条件は下記の通りとした。
・供試材寸法:幅12mm×長さ20mm×厚さ1.0mm
・腐食促進物質:14vol%アンモニア水溶液、100mL
・試験容器:デシケーター
・暴露状態:アンモニア水溶液を底部に入れたデシケーター中に、液面より約100mm離したところに中板を水平に設置する。さらに、中板の上に供試材を設置して、密封する。なお、供試材は、表裏を上下方向に向けて水平に設置した。また、供試材の両端部には、中板との間に樹脂被覆したφ2.5mmの銅ワイヤを置き、中板と直接設置しないようにした。
・暴露時間:72時間
・評価方法:試験終了後、酸洗(硫酸)した後、試験設置時の上面側を外側にして180°に折り曲げる。折り曲げた断面を観察し、き裂の有無を評価する。
・耐応力腐食割れ性の判定基準
○:き裂深さ0.10mm未満
×:き裂深さ0.10mm以上 (Stress corrosion cracking resistance)
A stress corrosion cracking test was performed with reference to the technical standard JBMA T-301 of the Japan Copper and Brass Association for the configuration of the test equipment. Further, in order to examine more detailed characteristics, the detailed test conditions were as follows.
・Test material dimensions:
・Corrosion promoting substance: 14 vol% ammonia aqueous solution, 100 mL
- Test container: desiccator - Exposure condition: In a desiccator containing an aqueous ammonia solution at the bottom, an intermediate plate is placed horizontally at a distance of about 100 mm from the liquid surface. Furthermore, the test material is placed on the intermediate plate and sealed. In addition, the test material was installed horizontally with the front and back facing up and down. In addition, resin-coated copper wires of φ2.5 mm were placed between both ends of the test material and the intermediate plate so as not to be placed directly on the intermediate plate.
・Exposure time: 72 hours ・Evaluation method: After completion of the test, pickle (sulfuric acid), then bend 180° so that the upper surface side at the time of test installation is facing outward. Observe the bent cross section and evaluate the presence or absence of cracks.
・ Criteria for stress corrosion cracking resistance ○: crack depth less than 0.10 mm ×: crack depth 0.10 mm or more
表4に、耐蟻の巣状腐食性、引張強さ、耐応力腐食割れ性の評価結果を示した。
Mgの含有量は、応力腐食割れの感受性に影響を及ぼす。No.6及びNo.7は、Mgの含有量がそれぞれ0.01質量%、0.35質量%であるが、耐蟻の巣状腐食性、引張強さ、耐応力腐食割れ性の各項目において、判定基準を満足し、優れた性能を有していた。
No.8は、Mgの含有量が0.40質量%であるが、応力腐食割れによるき裂が生じ、耐応力腐食割れ性の判定基準を満足できなかった。 [Evaluation results]
Table 4 shows the evaluation results of ant nest corrosion resistance, tensile strength and stress corrosion cracking resistance.
The Mg content affects the susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking. No. 6 and no. 7 has a Mg content of 0.01% by mass and 0.35% by mass, respectively, but satisfies the criteria in terms of resistance to ant nest corrosion, tensile strength, and resistance to stress corrosion cracking. and had excellent performance.
No. In No. 8, although the Mg content was 0.40% by mass, cracks due to stress corrosion cracking occurred and the criteria for stress corrosion cracking resistance could not be satisfied.
[評価項目]耐蟻の巣状腐食性、引張強さ、耐応力腐食割れ性、ろう材濡れ性
耐蟻の巣状腐食性、引張強さ、耐応力腐食割れ性の試験方法及び評価方法は、No.1~8と同じである。 <No. 9-11>
[Evaluation items] Ant's nest corrosion resistance, tensile strength, stress corrosion cracking resistance, brazing filler metal wettability , No. Same as 1-8.
図3に、ろう材濡れ性評価試験の操作手順を示した。図3(a)に示すように、供試材21を長さ方向に90°折り曲げ、供試材21の谷折り部中央にろう材20を配置させる。図3(b)に示すように、加熱前のろう材20の長さはAである。上記の状態で加熱し、加熱後の濡れ広がったろう材20の全体の長さ(長手方向)Bを測定した(図3(c))。
・供試材寸法:幅30mm×長さ100mm×厚さ1.0mm
・ろう材:BCuP-2(φ1.6mm×長さ20mm)
・加熱機器:ULVAC社製ゴールドイメージ炉
・加熱雰囲気:N2置換
・加熱条件:(i)昇温条件:室温→850℃/5min(温度制御は供試材を測温)
(ii)保持条件:850℃、5min保持
(iii)冷却条件:自然冷却
・ろう材濡れ性の判定基準
○:100mm以上
×:100mm未満 (Brazing material wettability)
FIG. 3 shows the operating procedure of the brazing material wettability evaluation test. As shown in FIG. 3( a ), the
・Test material dimensions: Width 30 mm x Length 100 mm x Thickness 1.0 mm
Brazing material: BCuP-2 (φ1.6mm x length 20mm)
・Heating equipment: ULVAC Gold Image Furnace ・Heating atmosphere: N 2 replacement ・Heating conditions: (i) Temperature rising conditions: Room temperature → 850 ° C./5 min (temperature control measures the temperature of the test material)
(ii) Holding conditions: 850° C., holding for 5 minutes (iii) Cooling conditions: Criteria for natural cooling/brazing wettability ○: 100 mm or more ×: less than 100 mm
表5に、耐蟻の巣状腐食性、引張強さ、耐応力腐食割れ性、ろう材濡れ性の評価結果を示した。
No.9及びNo.10は、Mgの含有量がそれぞれ0.01質量%、0.25質量%であるが、耐蟻の巣状腐食性、引張強さ、耐応力腐食割れ性だけでなく、ろう材濡れ性においても判定基準を満足し、優れた性能を有していた。
No.11は、Mgの含有量が0.29質量%であるが、ろう材濡れ性の判定基準を満足できなかった。 [Evaluation results]
Table 5 shows evaluation results of resistance to ant's nest corrosion, tensile strength, resistance to stress corrosion cracking, and brazing filler metal wettability.
No. 9 and no. No. 10 has a Mg content of 0.01% by mass and 0.25% by mass, respectively. also satisfied the criteria and had excellent performance.
No. In No. 11, the content of Mg was 0.29% by mass, but the criteria for brazing wettability could not be satisfied.
[評価項目]耐蟻の巣状腐食性、引張強さ、耐応力腐食割れ性、ろう材濡れ性、導電率
耐蟻の巣状腐食性、引張強さ、耐応力腐食割れ性、ろう材濡れ性の試験方法及び評価方法は、No.1~11と同じである。 <No. 12-14>
[Evaluation items] Ant's nest corrosion resistance, tensile strength, stress corrosion cracking resistance, brazing filler metal wettability, electrical conductivity Ant's nest corrosion resistance, tensile strength, stress corrosion cracking resistance, brazing filler metal wettability The test method and evaluation method for the sex are No. Same as 1-11.
・供試材寸法:幅10mm×長さ300mm×厚さ0.2mm
・試験方法:シグマテスタ(ETherNDE製ポータブル導電率計SigmaCheck2)を用いて導電率
を測定した。なお、測定時の温度は、22℃に保持した。
・導電率の判定基準
〇:85%IACS以上(C1220と同等)
×:85%IACS未満 (conductivity)
・Test material dimensions:
- Test method: Conductivity was measured using a SigmaTester (Portable Conductivity Meter SigmaCheck 2 manufactured by ETherNDE). The temperature during the measurement was kept at 22°C.
・Evaluation criteria for conductivity 〇: 85% IACS or more (equivalent to C1220)
×: Less than 85% IACS
表6に、耐蟻の巣状腐食性、引張強さ、耐応力腐食割れ性、ろう材濡れ性、導電率の評価結果を示した。
No.12及びNo.13は、Mgの含有量がそれぞれ0.10質量%、0.14質量%であるが、耐蟻の巣状腐食性、引張強さ、耐応力腐食割れ性、ろう材濡れ性、導電率の各性能において判定基準を満足し、優れた性能を有していた。
No.14は、Mgの含有量が0.18質量%であるが、導電率の判定基準を満足できなかった。 [Evaluation results]
Table 6 shows evaluation results of resistance to ant's nest corrosion, tensile strength, resistance to stress corrosion cracking, brazing filler metal wettability, and electrical conductivity.
No. 12 and no. In No. 13, the Mg content is 0.10% by mass and 0.14% by mass, respectively, but the resistance to ant nest corrosion, tensile strength, stress corrosion cracking resistance, brazing filler metal wettability, and electrical conductivity Each performance satisfied the judgment criteria and had excellent performance.
No. In No. 14, the Mg content was 0.18% by mass, but the criteria for electrical conductivity could not be satisfied.
[評価項目]Pが添加された場合の耐蟻の巣状腐食性
試験方法及び評価方法は、No.1~5と同じである。
評価方法における評価判定基準について、本試験方法において発生する蟻の巣状腐食深さが、本発明の実使用における用途と部材の肉厚、使用する機器により求められる耐用年数設定によっては実用上問題ないと判断されるレベル、具体的には、腐食性の比較的マイルドな環境条件で使用できるレベルとして、最大腐食深を0.370mm以下とした。
○:効果あり、最大腐食深さ0.370mm以下
×:効果なし、最大腐食深さ0.370mmを超える <No. 15-20>
[Evaluation item] Resistance to ant nest corrosion when P is added. Same as 1-5.
Regarding the evaluation criterion in the evaluation method, the depth of ant nest-like corrosion that occurs in this test method is a practical problem depending on the application and thickness of the member in actual use of the present invention, and the setting of the service life required by the equipment used. The maximum corrosion depth was set to 0.370 mm or less as a level at which it is determined that there is no corrosion, specifically, as a level that can be used under relatively mild corrosive environmental conditions.
○: effective, maximum corrosion depth 0.370 mm or less ×: no effect, maximum corrosion depth exceeds 0.370 mm
表7に、耐蟻の巣状腐食性評価結果を示した。
No.15~18は、Mgの含有量であるXがそれぞれ0.0440質量%、0.0830質量%、0.0470質量%、0.0800質量%であり、Pの含有量であるpは同じく0.00310質量%、0.00680質量%、0.00510質量%、0.00850質量%であるが、各サンプルにおける各元素の含有量の割合であるX/pがそれぞれ基準の9.10以上となり、耐蟻の巣状腐食性において判定基準を満足した。
No.19及びNo.20はMgの含有量であるXがそれぞれ0.0453質量%、0.0837質量%であり、Pの含有量であるpは同じく0.00510質量%、0.00930質量%であるが、前記X/pがそれぞれ基準の9.10を下回り、耐蟻の巣状腐食性において判定基準を満足的できなかった。
なお、各サンプルにおいてMgの含有量が0.5質量%未満であるため、引張強さが280N/mm2以下になると推定されるため、引張強さの評価は省略した。 [Evaluation results]
Table 7 shows the evaluation results of ant nest corrosion resistance.
No. 15 to 18, the Mg content X is 0.0440 mass%, 0.0830 mass%, 0.0470 mass%, and 0.0800 mass%, respectively, and the P content p is 0. 0.00310% by mass, 0.00680% by mass, 0.00510% by mass, and 0.00850% by mass, but X/p, which is the content ratio of each element in each sample, is 9.10 or more of the standard. , satisfies the criteria for ant nest corrosion resistance.
No. 19 and no. In 20, X, which is the content of Mg, is 0.0453% by mass and 0.0837% by mass, respectively, and p, which is the content of P, is 0.00510% by mass and 0.00930% by mass. Each X/p was below the standard of 9.10, and the evaluation standard was not satisfied in terms of resistance to ant nest corrosion.
Since the content of Mg in each sample is less than 0.5% by mass, the tensile strength is estimated to be 280 N/mm 2 or less, so the evaluation of the tensile strength is omitted.
[評価項目]Pが添加された場合の耐蟻の巣状腐食性(ただし、No.25及びNo.26については、Pが添加されないサンプルを参考例として示した。)
試験方法及び評価方法は、No.1~5と同じである。
評価方法における評価判定基準について、既に蟻の巣状腐食対策材として採用されている無酸素銅(C1020)を、本試験方法で試験した場合に発生した蟻の巣状腐食の最大腐食深さ0.262mmを下回る0.250mmを判定基準とした。
本試験方法における本判定基準は同時に、日本国内でもやや厳しい腐食環境条件で使用する用途や、ルームエアコン等の機器耐久性を重要視する用途などに対しても、必要かつ十分な判定基準である。
○:効果あり、最大腐食深さ0.250mm以下
×:効果なし、最大腐食深さ0.250mmを超える <No. 21-26>
[Evaluation item] Resistance to ant nest corrosion when P is added (However, for No. 25 and No. 26, samples to which P is not added are shown as reference examples.)
The test method and evaluation method are No. Same as 1-5.
Regarding the evaluation criterion in the evaluation method, the maximum corrosion depth of ant nest corrosion generated when oxygen-free copper (C1020), which has already been adopted as an ant nest corrosion countermeasure material, is tested by this test method is 0. 0.250 mm below 0.262 mm was used as the criterion.
At the same time, this judgment standard in this test method is also a necessary and sufficient judgment criterion for applications that are used in corrosive environmental conditions that are somewhat severe in Japan, and applications that emphasize the durability of equipment such as room air conditioners. .
○: effective, maximum corrosion depth 0.250 mm or less ×: no effect, maximum corrosion depth exceeds 0.250 mm
表8に、耐蟻の巣状腐食性評価結果を示した。
No.21及びNo.22はMgの含有量であるXがそれぞれ0.0468質量%、0.0833質量%であり、Pの含有量であるpは同じく0.00270質量%、0.00480質量%であるが、各サンプルにおける各元素の含有量の割合であるX/pがそれぞれ基準の16.60以上となり、耐蟻の巣状腐食性において判定基準を満足した。
No.23及びNo.24はMgの含有量であるXがそれぞれ0.0454質量%、0.0840質量%であり、Pの含有量であるpは同じく0.00280質量%、0.00530質量%であるが、前記X/pがそれぞれ基準の16.60を下回り、耐蟻の巣状腐食性において判定基準を満足的できなかった。
なお、No.23及びNo.24のサンプルであっても、No.15~18と同様に、腐食性の比較的マイルドな環境条件では実用上問題ないものである。
また、各サンプルにおいてMgの含有量が0.5質量%未満であるため、引張強さが280N/mm2以下になると推定されるため、引張強さの評価は省略した。 [Evaluation results]
Table 8 shows the evaluation results of ant nest corrosion resistance.
No. 21 and no. In 22, the Mg content X is 0.0468% by mass and 0.0833% by mass, respectively, and the P content p is 0.00270% by mass and 0.00480% by mass. X/p, which is the content ratio of each element in the sample, was 16.60 or more, which is the standard, and satisfied the criterion for resistance to ant's nest corrosion.
No. 23 and no. In 24, X, which is the content of Mg, is 0.0454% by mass and 0.0840% by mass, respectively, and p, which is the content of P, is 0.00280% by mass and 0.00530% by mass. X/p was below the standard of 16.60, respectively, and the judgment standard was not satisfied in terms of resistance to ant nest corrosion.
In addition, No. 23 and no. 24 samples, no. Similar to Nos. 15 to 18, there is no practical problem under relatively mild corrosive environmental conditions.
In addition, since the content of Mg in each sample is less than 0.5% by mass, the tensile strength is estimated to be 280 N/mm 2 or less, and thus the evaluation of the tensile strength is omitted.
(1)合金成分の含有量の合計が0.01質量%以上、0.5質量%未満であると、耐蟻の巣状腐食性、加工性(引張強さ)の各性能において優れた耐食性銅合金とすることができた。
(2)合金成分の含有量の合計が0.01質量%以上、0.35質量%以下であると、耐蟻の巣状腐食性、加工性(引張強さ)、耐応力腐食割れ性の各性能において優れた耐食性銅合金とすることができた。
(3)合金成分の含有量の合計が0.01質量%以上、0.25質量%以下であると、耐蟻の巣状腐食性、加工性(引張強さ)、耐応力腐食割れ性、ろう材濡れ性の各性能において優れた耐食性銅合金とすることができた。
(4)合金成分の含有量の合計が0.01質量%以上、0.15質量%以下であると、耐蟻の巣状腐食性、加工性(引張強さ)、耐応力腐食割れ性、ろう材濡れ性、導電率の各性能において優れた耐食性銅合金とすることができた。
(5)耐食性銅合金がPを含有する場合において、Pの含有量が0.015質量%以下であり、合金成分の含有量をX質量%とし、Pの含有量をp質量%としたときに、Xをpで割った値である[X/p]が9.10以上であると、耐蟻の巣状腐食性において、合金成分によりもたらされる耐食性のPによる無効化作用が緩和され、優れた耐食性銅合金とすることができた。
(6)同[X/p]が16.60以上であると、耐蟻の巣状腐食性において、合金成分によりもたらされる耐食性のPによる無効化作用がさらに緩和され、さらに優れた耐食性銅合金とすることができた。 The above results revealed the following.
(1) When the total content of the alloy components is 0.01% by mass or more and less than 0.5% by mass, excellent corrosion resistance in each performance of ant nest corrosion resistance and workability (tensile strength) A copper alloy could be used.
(2) When the total content of the alloy components is 0.01% by mass or more and 0.35% by mass or less, ant nest corrosion resistance, workability (tensile strength), stress corrosion cracking resistance A corrosion-resistant copper alloy with excellent performance was obtained.
(3) When the total content of the alloy components is 0.01% by mass or more and 0.25% by mass or less, ant nest corrosion resistance, workability (tensile strength), stress corrosion cracking resistance, A corrosion-resistant copper alloy with excellent brazing wettability was obtained.
(4) When the total content of the alloy components is 0.01% by mass or more and 0.15% by mass or less, ant nest corrosion resistance, workability (tensile strength), stress corrosion cracking resistance, A corrosion-resistant copper alloy with excellent brazing material wettability and electrical conductivity was obtained.
(5) When the corrosion-resistant copper alloy contains P, the content of P is 0.015% by mass or less, the content of the alloy component is X% by mass, and the content of P is p% by mass. Furthermore, when [X/p], which is the value obtained by dividing X by p, is 9.10 or more, the nullification effect of P on the corrosion resistance brought about by the alloy components is alleviated in terms of ant nest corrosion resistance. An excellent corrosion-resistant copper alloy could be obtained.
(6) When the [X/p] is 16.60 or more, in terms of resistance to ant's nest corrosion, the nullifying effect of P on the corrosion resistance brought about by the alloy components is further alleviated, resulting in a further excellent corrosion-resistant copper alloy. I was able to
[1] Alよりも標準電極電位が低い金属から選択される少なくとも一種類の合金成分を含有し、残部がCuと不可避的不純物からなり、
前記合金成分の含有量の合計が0.01質量%以上、0.5質量%未満であることを特徴とする耐食性銅合金。
[2] 前記Alよりも標準電極電位が低い金属が、Li、K、Ca、Na、Mgである[1]に記載の耐食性銅合金。
[3] 前記Alよりも標準電極電位が低い金属が、CaおよびMgであることを特徴とする[1]または[2]に記載の耐食性銅合金。
[4] 前記耐食性銅合金がPを含有する場合において、Pの含有量が0.015質量%以下であり、
前記合金成分の含有量をX質量%とし、前記Pの含有量をp質量%としたときに、Xをpで割った値である[X/p]が9.10以上であることを特徴とする[1]~[3]のいずれか1つに記載の耐食性銅合金。
[5] 前記[X/p]が16.60以上であることを特徴とする[4]に記載の耐食性銅合金。
[6] [1]~[5]のいずれか1つに記載の耐食性銅合金を用いた銅合金管。
[7] 内面溝付銅合金管である[6]に記載の銅合金管。
[8] [6]または[7]に記載の銅合金管を用いた熱交換器。 As described above, this specification discloses the following matters.
[1] containing at least one alloy component selected from metals having a standard electrode potential lower than that of Al, and the balance consisting of Cu and unavoidable impurities,
A corrosion-resistant copper alloy, wherein the total content of the alloy components is 0.01% by mass or more and less than 0.5% by mass.
[2] The corrosion-resistant copper alloy according to [1], wherein the metal having a standard electrode potential lower than that of Al is Li, K, Ca, Na, or Mg.
[3] The corrosion-resistant copper alloy according to [1] or [2], wherein the metals having a standard electrode potential lower than that of Al are Ca and Mg.
[4] When the corrosion-resistant copper alloy contains P, the P content is 0.015% by mass or less,
When the content of the alloy component is X mass% and the content of P is p mass%, [X/p], which is a value obtained by dividing X by p, is 9.10 or more. The corrosion-resistant copper alloy according to any one of [1] to [3].
[5] The corrosion-resistant copper alloy according to [4], wherein the [X/p] is 16.60 or more.
[6] A copper alloy pipe using the corrosion-resistant copper alloy according to any one of [1] to [5].
[7] The copper alloy tube according to [6], which is an internally grooved copper alloy tube.
[8] A heat exchanger using the copper alloy tube according to [6] or [7].
11 密閉容器
12 腐食促進物質
13 供試材
14 シリコン栓
20 ろう材
21 供試材 REFERENCE SIGNS
Claims (8)
- Alよりも標準電極電位が低い金属から選択される少なくとも一種類の合金成分を含有し、残部がCuと不可避的不純物からなり、
前記合金成分の含有量の合計が0.01質量%以上、0.5質量%未満であることを特徴とする耐食性銅合金。 containing at least one alloy component selected from metals having a standard electrode potential lower than that of Al, and the remainder consisting of Cu and unavoidable impurities,
A corrosion-resistant copper alloy, wherein the total content of the alloy components is 0.01% by mass or more and less than 0.5% by mass. - 前記Alよりも標準電極電位が低い金属が、Li、K、Ca、Na、Mgである請求項1に記載の耐食性銅合金。 The corrosion-resistant copper alloy according to claim 1, wherein the metals having a lower standard electrode potential than Al are Li, K, Ca, Na, and Mg.
- 前記Alよりも標準電極電位が低い金属が、CaおよびMgであることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の耐食性銅合金。 The corrosion-resistant copper alloy according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the metals having a standard electrode potential lower than that of Al are Ca and Mg.
- 前記耐食性銅合金がPを含有する場合において、Pの含有量が0.015質量%以下であり、
前記合金成分の含有量をX質量%とし、前記Pの含有量をp質量%としたときに、Xをpで割った値である[X/p]が9.10以上であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の耐食性銅合金。 When the corrosion-resistant copper alloy contains P, the P content is 0.015% by mass or less,
When the content of the alloy component is X mass% and the content of P is p mass%, [X/p], which is a value obtained by dividing X by p, is 9.10 or more. The corrosion-resistant copper alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 3. - 前記[X/p]が16.60以上であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の耐食性銅合金。 The corrosion-resistant copper alloy according to claim 4, wherein the [X/p] is 16.60 or more.
- 請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の耐食性銅合金を用いた銅合金管。 A copper alloy pipe using the corrosion-resistant copper alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
- 内面溝付銅合金管である請求項6に記載の銅合金管。 The copper alloy tube according to claim 6, which is an internally grooved copper alloy tube.
- 請求項6または請求項7に記載の銅合金管を用いた熱交換器。 A heat exchanger using the copper alloy tube according to claim 6 or claim 7.
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