WO2022222580A1 - 一种电子设备 - Google Patents

一种电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022222580A1
WO2022222580A1 PCT/CN2022/075717 CN2022075717W WO2022222580A1 WO 2022222580 A1 WO2022222580 A1 WO 2022222580A1 CN 2022075717 W CN2022075717 W CN 2022075717W WO 2022222580 A1 WO2022222580 A1 WO 2022222580A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nfc coil
metal piece
nfc
electronic device
plane
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/075717
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李元鹏
Original Assignee
荣耀终端有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 荣耀终端有限公司 filed Critical 荣耀终端有限公司
Priority to EP22790690.6A priority Critical patent/EP4203182A4/en
Priority to US18/029,489 priority patent/US20240014541A1/en
Publication of WO2022222580A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022222580A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/2208—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems
    • H01Q1/2216—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems used in interrogator/reader equipment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/2208—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/002—Protection against seismic waves, thermal radiation or other disturbances, e.g. nuclear explosion; Arrangements for improving the power handling capability of an antenna
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/273—Adaptation for carrying or wearing by persons or animals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/20—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by the transmission technique; characterised by the transmission medium
    • H04B5/24—Inductive coupling
    • H04B5/26—Inductive coupling using coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/40—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by components specially adapted for near-field transmission
    • H04B5/43—Antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
    • H04B5/72—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for local intradevice communication

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of electronic devices, and in particular, to an electronic device with an NFC antenna.
  • NFC Near field communication
  • the length of the coil of the NFC antenna (hereinafter referred to as the NFC coil) is relatively large, and the clearance area required by the NFC coil in the electronic device is relatively large.
  • the layout space of NFC coils in electronic devices is limited.
  • a decorative cover for protecting and decorating the camera module is installed on the side of the NFC coil used for sending and receiving radio frequency signals, and the decorative cover is a metal part.
  • the metal piece will seriously degrade the performance of the NFC antenna, thereby making it difficult for the electronic device to read the card. Therefore, how to solve the influence of large-area metal parts on the NFC antenna has become an important research direction of various manufacturers.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device, which can reduce the influence of large-area metal parts on the NFC antenna, ensure the performance of the NFC antenna, and improve the success rate of card reading.
  • some embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device, where the electronic device includes an NFC antenna and a metal piece.
  • the NFC antenna includes an NFC coil.
  • the NFC coil has a first side. The first side is the side of the plane where the NFC coil is located.
  • the metal piece is on the first side.
  • the NFC coil includes a first portion and a second portion arranged circumferentially of itself. The first part is located outside the orthographic projection of the metal piece on the plane where the NFC coil is located, and is arranged around the orthographic projection of the metal piece on the plane where the NFC coil is located. The second part passes through the orthographic projection of the metal piece on the plane where the NFC coil is located.
  • the NFC coil since the NFC coil includes a first part and a second part arranged along its own circumferential direction.
  • the first part is located outside the orthographic projection of the metal piece on the plane where the NFC coil is located, and is arranged around the orthographic projection of the metal piece on the plane where the NFC coil is located.
  • the second part passes through the orthographic projection of the metal piece on the plane where the NFC coil is located.
  • the distance between the second part and the metal piece on the plane perpendicular to the NFC coil is usually smaller than the distance between the first part and the edge of the metal piece. Therefore, the current induced in the metal piece by the second part is greater than the current induced in the metal piece by the first part.
  • the magnetic field blind area is transferred to the edge of the area enclosed by the NFC coil. Specifically, transfer to the edge where the second part is located. In this way, the distribution uniformity of the magnetic field lines in the area enclosed by the NFC coil can be improved, thereby improving the performance of the NFC antenna.
  • At least one through hole is provided on the metal member.
  • At least one means one or two or more.
  • the orthographic projection of the through hole on the plane where the NFC coil is located overlaps the second portion so that the second portion (312) is exposed.
  • the second part of the NFC coil can be exposed through the through hole, so that the magnetic field generated by the second part can be emitted to the side of the metal piece away from the NFC coil through the through hole.
  • the second part can also receive the magnetic field on the side of the metal piece away from the NFC coil via the through hole. Therefore, the uniformity of the distribution of the magnetic force lines in the area enclosed by the NFC coil can be further improved, and the performance of the NFC antenna can be improved.
  • the sum of the lengths of the through holes provided on the metal piece on the extension path parallel to the second part is less than the length of the metal piece on the extension path parallel to the second part .
  • the sum of the lengths of the through holes provided on the metal piece on the extension path parallel to the second part is less than five thousandths of the wavelength of the NFC antenna.
  • the through hole is filled with insulating material.
  • the insulating material includes, but is not limited to, plastic, sponge, rubber, silica gel, etc., which are not specifically limited herein. In this way, the structural integrity or aesthetics of the metal piece can be guaranteed.
  • the NFC coil further includes a third part and a fourth part arranged along its own circumferential direction; along the circumferential direction of the NFC coil, the third part and the first part are respectively connected to the second part
  • the opposite ends of the third part are located outside the orthographic projection of the metal piece on the plane where the NFC coil is located, and are arranged around the orthographic projection of the metal piece on the plane where the NFC coil is located.
  • the second part and the fourth part are respectively connected to opposite ends of the third part, and the fourth part passes through the orthographic projection of the metal piece on the plane where the NFC coil is located.
  • the formed blind area is transferred to the edge where the second part and the fourth part are located. Therefore, the uniformity of the distribution of the magnetic force lines in the area enclosed by the NFC coil can be improved, and the performance of the NFC antenna can be improved.
  • the NFC coil further has a second side, and the first side and the second side are respectively opposite sides of a plane where the NFC coil is located.
  • the NFC antenna further includes a magnetic isolation sheet, the magnetic isolation sheet is disposed on the second side of the NFC coil, the magnetic isolation sheet and the plane where the NFC coil is located are stacked and arranged, and the orthographic projection of the NFC coil on the magnetic isolation sheet is located in the magnetic isolation sheet.
  • the magnetic isolation sheet is used to reduce the magnetic field absorption of the NFC coil by the metal structure (such as a middle plate) located on the side of the magnetic isolation sheet away from the NFC coil. At the same time, the magnetic isolation sheet can increase the magnetic field strength on the first side, so that the NFC antenna has signal sending and receiving directionality, thereby increasing the electromagnetic induction distance.
  • the magnetic isolation sheet may be a ferrite.
  • the magnetic spacer sheet may include materials such as Nd-Fe-B, samarium, Al-Ni-Co, iron-silicon-aluminum alloy (Fe-Si-Al) and permalloy ( At least one of magnetic materials such as Ni-Fe).
  • the shape of the magnetic shielding sheet includes, but is not limited to, rectangle, square, triangle, circle, ellipse, polygon and the like.
  • the electronic device further includes a circuit board, and the NFC coil is a metal layer disposed on the circuit board.
  • the NFC coil is a metal layer disposed on the circuit board.
  • the shapes of the circuit boards include, but are not limited to, rectangles, squares, triangles, circles, ovals, polygons, and the like.
  • the circuit board may be a rigid circuit board, a flexible circuit board, or a rigid-flex circuit board.
  • Circuit boards can be FR-4 dielectric boards, Rogers dielectric boards, mixed FR-4 and Rogers dielectric boards, and so on.
  • FR-4 is the code name for a flame-resistant material grade
  • the Rogers dielectric board is a high-frequency board.
  • the metal part is a camera decorative cover.
  • the electronic device further includes a back cover, the metal piece is mounted on the back cover, the NFC coil is located on the inner side of the back cover, and the inner side of the back cover refers to the side of the back cover facing the internal accommodation space.
  • the metal piece is a dial.
  • the electronic device further includes a light-transmitting cover plate, the metal piece and the NFC coil are located on the inner side of the light-transmitting cover plate, and the metal piece is located between the NFC coil and the light-transmitting cover plate.
  • some embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device including an NFC antenna and a metal piece.
  • the NFC antenna includes an NFC coil.
  • the NFC coil is a planar coil, the NFC coil has a first side, and the first side is a side of the plane where the NFC coil is located.
  • the metal piece is located on the first side, and the NFC coil includes a first portion and a second portion arranged along the circumference of the NFC coil.
  • the first part is located outside the orthographic projection of the metal piece on the plane where the NFC coil is located, and is arranged around the orthographic projection of the metal piece on the plane where the NFC coil is located.
  • the second part passes through the orthographic projection of the metal piece on the plane where the NFC coil is located.
  • the metal piece is provided with a through slot, the orthographic projection of the through slot on the plane where the NFC coil is located overlaps with the second part, so that the second part is exposed, and the through slot penetrates the metal along at least one end of the extending path parallel to the second part the edge of the piece.
  • the NFC coil since the NFC coil includes a first part and a second part arranged along its own circumferential direction.
  • the first part is located outside the orthographic projection of the metal piece on the plane where the NFC coil is located, and is arranged around the orthographic projection of the metal piece on the plane where the NFC coil is located.
  • the second part passes through the orthographic projection of the metal piece on the plane where the NFC coil is located.
  • the distance between the second part and the metal piece on the plane perpendicular to the NFC coil is usually smaller than the distance between the first part and the edge of the metal piece. Therefore, the current induced in the metal piece by the second part is greater than the current induced in the metal piece by the first part.
  • the magnetic field blind area is transferred to the edge of the area enclosed by the NFC coil. Specifically, transfer to the edge where the second part is located. In this way, the distribution uniformity of the magnetic field lines in the area enclosed by the NFC coil can be improved, thereby improving the performance of the NFC antenna.
  • the second part of the NFC coil can be exposed through the through slot, so that the magnetic field generated by the second part can be emitted to the side of the metal piece away from the NFC coil through the through slot.
  • the second part can also receive the magnetic field on the side of the metal piece away from the NFC coil via the through slot. Thereby, the distribution uniformity of the magnetic field lines in the area enclosed by the NFC coil is further improved, and the performance of the NFC antenna is improved.
  • the sum of the lengths of the through grooves provided on the metal piece on the extension path parallel to the second part is less than the length of the metal piece on the extension path parallel to the second part .
  • the sum of the lengths of the through grooves provided on the metal piece on the extension path parallel to the second part is less than five thousandths of the wavelength of the NFC antenna.
  • the through groove is filled with insulating material.
  • the insulating material includes, but is not limited to, plastic, sponge, rubber, silica gel, etc., which are not specifically limited herein. In this way, the structural integrity or aesthetics of the metal piece can be guaranteed.
  • the NFC coil further includes a third part and a fourth part arranged along the circumferential direction of the NFC coil; along the circumferential direction of the NFC coil, the third part and the first part are respectively connected to the second part
  • the opposite ends of the third part are located outside the orthographic projection of the metal piece on the plane where the NFC coil is located, and are arranged around the orthographic projection of the metal piece on the plane where the NFC coil is located.
  • the second part and the fourth part are respectively connected to opposite ends of the third part, and the fourth part passes through the orthographic projection of the metal piece on the plane where the NFC coil is located.
  • the formed blind area is transferred to the edge where the second part and the fourth part are located.
  • the uniformity of the distribution of the magnetic field lines in the area enclosed by the NFC coil can be improved, and the performance of the NFC antenna can be improved.
  • the NFC coil further has a second side, and the first side and the second side are respectively opposite sides of a plane where the NFC coil is located.
  • the NFC antenna further includes a magnetic isolation sheet, the magnetic isolation sheet is disposed on the second side of the NFC coil, the magnetic isolation sheet and the plane where the NFC coil is located are stacked and arranged, and the orthographic projection of the NFC coil on the magnetic isolation sheet is located in the magnetic isolation sheet.
  • the magnetic isolation sheet is used to reduce the magnetic field absorption of the NFC coil by the metal structure (such as a middle plate) located on the side of the magnetic isolation sheet away from the NFC coil. At the same time, the magnetic isolation sheet can increase the magnetic field strength on the first side, so that the NFC antenna has signal sending and receiving directionality, thereby increasing the electromagnetic induction distance.
  • the magnetic isolation sheet may be a ferrite.
  • the magnetic spacer sheet may include materials such as Nd-Fe-B, samarium, Al-Ni-Co, iron-silicon-aluminum alloy (Fe-Si-Al) and permalloy ( At least one of magnetic materials such as Ni-Fe).
  • the shape of the magnetic shielding sheet includes, but is not limited to, rectangle, square, triangle, circle, ellipse, polygon and the like.
  • the electronic device further includes a circuit board, and the NFC coil is a metal layer disposed on the circuit board.
  • the NFC coil is a metal layer disposed on the circuit board.
  • the shapes of the circuit boards include, but are not limited to, rectangles, squares, triangles, circles, ovals, polygons, and the like.
  • the circuit board may be a rigid circuit board, a flexible circuit board, or a rigid-flex circuit board.
  • Circuit boards can be FR-4 dielectric boards, Rogers dielectric boards, mixed FR-4 and Rogers dielectric boards, and so on.
  • FR-4 is the code name for a flame-resistant material grade
  • the Rogers dielectric board is a high-frequency board.
  • the metal part is a camera decorative cover.
  • the electronic device further includes a back cover, the metal piece is mounted on the back cover, the NFC coil is located on the inner side of the back cover, and the inner side of the back cover refers to the side of the back cover facing the internal accommodation space.
  • the metal piece is a dial.
  • the electronic device further includes a light-transmitting cover plate, the metal piece and the NFC coil are located on the inner side of the light-transmitting cover plate, and the metal piece is located between the NFC coil and the light-transmitting cover plate.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an electronic device provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the electronic device shown in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an NFC antenna in the electronic device shown in FIG. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is the electromagnetic field distribution diagram when the NFC coil communicates with the NFC coil of other electronic devices
  • Fig. 5 is the relative position diagram of the NFC coil and the metal piece in the electronic device shown in Fig. 2;
  • FIG. 6 is a current distribution diagram of the NFC coil and the metal piece shown in FIG. 5 at a certain moment;
  • Fig. 7 is the magnetic field distribution diagram of the NFC coil in Fig. 6;
  • Fig. 8 is the magnetic field distribution diagram of the metal part in Fig. 6;
  • FIG. 9 is a magnetic field distribution diagram after the magnetic field distribution of the NFC coil shown in FIG. 7 is combined with the magnetic field of the metal piece shown in FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 10 is a relative position diagram of an NFC coil and a metal piece provided by further embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is the current distribution of the NFC coil and the metal piece shown in Fig. 10 at a certain moment;
  • Fig. 12 is a current distribution diagram of the metal part in Fig. 11;
  • Fig. 13 is a magnetic field distribution diagram of the metal piece shown in Fig. 12;
  • Fig. 14 is a magnetic field distribution diagram after the magnetic field distribution of the NFC coil shown in Fig. 11 is combined with the magnetic field of the metal piece shown in Fig. 13;
  • FIG. 15a is a relative position diagram of the NFC coil and the metal piece provided by further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 15b is a relative position diagram of the NFC coil and the metal piece provided by some further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a relative position diagram of an NFC coil and a metal piece provided by further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a relative position diagram of an NFC coil and a metal piece provided by further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a relative position diagram of an NFC coil and a metal piece provided by further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 19 is a relative position diagram of an NFC coil and a metal piece provided by further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 20 is a relative position diagram of an NFC coil and a metal piece provided by further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 21 is a relative position diagram of an NFC coil and a metal piece provided by further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 22 is a relative position diagram of an NFC coil and a metal piece provided by further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 23 is a relative position diagram of an NFC coil and a metal piece provided by further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 24 is a relative position diagram of an NFC coil and a metal piece provided by further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 25 is a relative position diagram of an NFC antenna and a metal piece provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 26 is a relative position diagram of an NFC antenna and a metal piece provided by further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 27 is a simulation diagram of the magnetic field strength of the NFC antenna at 13.56 MHz when the NFC coil includes a first part and a second part, and the metal part is provided with a through hole in an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 28 is a simulation diagram of the magnetic field strength of the NFC antenna in FIG. 5 at 13.56 MHz;
  • FIG. 29 is a graph of the return loss of the NFC antenna when the NFC coil includes a first part and a second part, and the metal part is provided with a through hole in an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 30 is the original Smith image of the NFC antenna when the NFC coil includes a first part and a second part, and the metal part is provided with a through hole in the embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 31 is a relative position diagram of an NFC coil and a metal piece provided by further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 32 is a relative position diagram of an NFC coil and a metal piece provided by further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 33 is a relative position diagram of an NFC coil and a metal piece provided by further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 34 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 35 is an exploded view of the host in the electronic device shown in FIG. 34 .
  • first”, “second”, “third” and “fourth” are only used for description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the indicated Number of technical features.
  • a feature defined as “first”, “second”, “third”, “fourth” may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.
  • the terms “comprising”, “comprising” or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also Include other elements not expressly listed, or which are inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus.
  • an element qualified by the phrase “comprising a" does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.
  • the present application provides an electronic device, which is a type of electronic device with an NFC antenna.
  • the electronic device may be a portable electronic device or other suitable electronic device.
  • the electronic device may be a mobile phone, a tablet personal computer, a portable computer, a smart earphone, a smart speaker, a smart watch, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a pos (point of sales) machine, and the like.
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an electronic device 100 according to some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the electronic device 100 shown in FIG. 1
  • the electronic device 100 is a mobile phone.
  • the electronic device 100 includes a screen 10 , a back case 20 , an NFC antenna 30 , a main board 40 and a metal piece 50 .
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 only schematically illustrate some components included in the electronic device 100 , and the actual shapes, actual sizes, actual positions and actual configurations of these components are not limited by FIGS. 1 and 2 .
  • the electronic device 100 may also not include the screen 10 , the back case 20 and the main board 40 .
  • the screen 10 is used to display images, videos and the like.
  • the screen 10 includes a light-transmitting cover 11 and a display screen 12 .
  • the light-transmitting cover plate 11 and the display screen 12 are stacked and fixedly connected.
  • the light-transmitting cover plate 11 is mainly used for protecting and dustproofing the display screen 12 .
  • the material of the transparent cover plate 11 includes but is not limited to glass.
  • the display screen 12 can be a flexible display screen or a rigid display screen.
  • the display screen 12 can be an organic light-emitting diode (organic light-emitting diode, OLED) display screen, an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode or an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (active-matrix organic light-emitting diode, AMOLED) Display, mini organic light-emitting diode (mini organic light-emitting diode) display, micro light-emitting diode (micro organic light-emitting diode) display, micro organic light-emitting diode (micro organic light-emitting diode) display, quantum dot light-emitting diode (quantum dot light emitting diodes, QLED) display, liquid crystal display (liquid crystal display, LCD).
  • OLED organic light-emitting diode
  • AMOLED active-matrix organic light-emitting diode
  • mini organic light-emitting diode mini organic light-emitting diode
  • the back case 20 is used to protect the internal electronic devices of the electronic device 100 .
  • the back case 20 includes a back cover 21 and a frame 22 .
  • the material of the back cover 21 is a non-metallic material such as plastic and glass.
  • the back cover 21 is located on the side of the display screen 12 away from the light-transmitting cover plate 11 , and is stacked with the light-transmitting cover plate 11 and the display screen 12 .
  • the material of the frame 22 includes but is not limited to metal and plastic.
  • the frame 22 is located between the back cover 21 and the transparent cover plate 11 .
  • the frame 22 is fixed on the back cover 21 . Exemplarily, the frame 22 may be fixedly connected to the back cover 21 by means of adhesive.
  • the frame 22 and the back cover 21 are both made of non-metallic materials such as plastic, the frame 22 and the back cover 21 can also be integrally formed, that is, the frame 22 and the back cover 21 are an integral structure.
  • the transparent cover 11 can be fixed on the frame 22 by gluing.
  • the light-transmitting cover plate 11 , the back cover 21 and the frame 22 enclose an internal accommodating space of the electronic device 100 .
  • the inner accommodation space accommodates the display screen 12 therein.
  • the stacking direction of the light-transmitting cover plate 11 , the display screen 12 , and the back cover 21 in the electronic device 100 is defined as the Z-axis direction.
  • the plane parallel to the light-transmitting cover plate 11 , the display screen 12 and the back cover 21 is the XY plane. It can be understood that the coordinate system setting of the electronic device 100 can be flexibly set according to specific actual needs, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the NFC antenna 30 is disposed in the internal accommodating cavity of the electronic device 100 .
  • the electronic device 100 further includes a middle board 23 .
  • the middle plate 23 is fixed on the inner surface of the frame 22 for a circumference.
  • the middle plate 23 can be fixed on the frame 22 by welding.
  • the middle plate 23 can also be integrally formed with the frame 22 .
  • the midplane 23 serves as the structural "skeleton" of the electronic device 100 .
  • the NFC antenna 30 can be supported and fixed on the middle plate 23 .
  • the NFC antenna 30 is supported and fixed on the surface of the middle plate 23 close to the back cover 21 .
  • the NFC antenna 30 is supported and fixed on the surface of the middle plate 23 close to the screen 10.
  • the NFC antenna 30 may be supported and fixed on the surface of the screen 10 close to the back cover 21 .
  • the NFC antenna 30 is used to transmit or receive radio frequency signals.
  • the NFC antenna 30 can be used to transmit radio frequency signals to the side close to the back cover 21 , or receive radio frequency signals close to the back cover 21 , so that the electronic device 100 can communicate with other devices located on the back side of the electronic device 100 .
  • An electronic device (such as a pos machine) establishes a communication connection.
  • the NFC antenna 30 can also be used to transmit radio frequency signals to the side close to the screen 10 , or receive radio frequency signals to the side close to the screen 10 , so that the electronic device 100 can communicate with other electronic devices located on the front side of the electronic device 100 .
  • the device establishes a communication connection.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the NFC antenna 30 in the electronic device 100 shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the NFC antenna 30 includes an NFC coil 31 , a first terminal 31 a , a second terminal 31 b , a circuit board 32 and a magnetic isolation sheet 33 .
  • FIG. 3 only schematically shows some components included in the NFC antenna 30 , and the actual shapes, actual sizes, actual positions and actual structures of these components are not limited by FIG. 3 .
  • the electronic device 100 may also not include the circuit board 32 and the magnetic isolation sheet 33 .
  • the NFC coil 31 is the main body of signal transmission and reception of the NFC antenna 30 .
  • the NFC coil 31 is an annular structure formed by winding a conductive wire (such as a copper wire) along an annular track in the XY plane.
  • the conductive wire may be a conductive cable covered with an insulating material, or may be a metal layer disposed on a circuit board, which is not specifically limited herein.
  • FIG. 3 only shows an example in which the conductive lines are metal layers disposed on the circuit board 32 .
  • the circuit board 32 may be a rigid circuit board, a flexible circuit board, or a flexible-rigid circuit board.
  • the circuit board 32 can be an FR-4 dielectric board, a Rogers dielectric board, a mixed FR-4 and Rogers dielectric board, and the like.
  • FR-4 is the code name for a flame-resistant material grade
  • the Rogers dielectric board is a high-frequency board. In this way, the manufacturing accuracy of the NFC coil 31 can be ensured.
  • the shape of the circuit board 32 includes, but is not limited to, rectangle, square, triangle, circle, ellipse, polygon, and the like.
  • the NFC coil 31 may be a square ring structure, a circular ring structure, a triangular ring structure, a polygonal ring structure, etc., which are not specifically limited herein.
  • FIG. 3 only shows an example in which the NFC coil 31 has a circular structure, which should not be considered as a special limitation to the present application.
  • the NFC coil 31 includes multiple turns of conductive wire. Specifically, the NFC coil 31 may include two turns, three turns, four turns, or more than five turns of conductive wires, which are not specifically limited herein.
  • the first terminal 31 a and the second terminal 31 b are connected to opposite ends of the NFC coil 31 .
  • the first terminal 31 a and the second terminal 31 b are used to pass radio frequency signals to the NFC coil 31 .
  • the NFC coil 31 has a first side A and a second side B that are opposite.
  • the first side A and the second side B are respectively opposite sides of the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located.
  • the NFC antenna 30 is used to radiate radio frequency signals to the first side A, or receive radio frequency signals of the first side A. That is, the first side A of the NFC coil 31 is the signal transceiving side of the NFC antenna 30 .
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram of electromagnetic field distribution during communication between the NFC coil 31 and the NFC coils of other electronic devices.
  • the modulated high-frequency AC signal I 1 that is, the radio frequency signal
  • the first side A of the NFC coil 31 can be excited to generate a changing magnetic field .
  • the changing magnetic field passes through the NFC coil 01 of the other electronic device, thereby generating a signal-carrying induced current I 2 within the NFC coil 01 .
  • the transmission of radio frequency signals between the electronic device 100 and other electronic devices is realized by means of magnetic field coupling.
  • the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located is opposite to the back cover 21 in FIG. 2 , and the back cover 21 is located on the first side A of the NFC coil 31 .
  • the NFC antenna 30 can transmit radio frequency signals to the side close to the back cover 21 , or receive radio frequency signals close to the back cover 21 , so that the electronic device 100 can establish a communication connection with other electronic devices located on the rear side of the electronic device 100 .
  • the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located is opposite to the screen 10 in FIG. 2 , and the screen 10 is located on the first side A of the NFC coil 31 .
  • the NFC antenna 30 can transmit radio frequency signals to the side close to the screen 10 , or receive radio frequency signals close to the screen 10 , so that the electronic device 100 can establish a communication connection with other electronic devices located on the front side of the electronic device 100 .
  • the magnetic isolation sheet 33 is disposed on the second side B of the NFC coil 31 .
  • the magnetic isolation sheet 33 is stacked on the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located.
  • the orthographic projection of the NFC coil 31 on the magnetic insulating sheet 33 is located in the magnetic insulating sheet 33 .
  • the magnetic isolation sheet 33 is used to reduce the magnetic field absorption of the NFC coil 31 by the metal structure (such as the middle plate 23 in FIG. 2 ) on the side of the magnetic isolation sheet 33 away from the NFC coil 31 .
  • the magnetic isolation sheet 33 can increase the magnetic field strength of the first side A, so that the NFC antenna 30 has directivity for signal transmission and reception, thereby increasing the electromagnetic induction distance.
  • the magnetic barrier sheet 33 may include a magnetic material.
  • the magnetic shielding sheet 33 may be ferrite.
  • the magnetic shielding sheet 33 may include materials such as Nd-Fe-B, samarium, Al-Ni-Co, iron-silicon-aluminum alloy (Fe-Si-Al), and permalloy (Ni-Fe), etc. at least one of magnetic materials.
  • the shape of the magnetic shielding sheet 33 includes, but is not limited to, rectangle, square, triangle, circle, ellipse, polygon and the like.
  • the magnetic isolation sheet 33 is stacked on the circuit board 32 .
  • the magnetic shielding sheet 33 and the portion of the circuit board 32 opposite to the hollow area of the NFC coil 31 are provided with avoidance through holes 34 .
  • the avoidance through hole 34 can avoid other electronic devices (such as the camera module 00 ) in the electronic device 100 , so that the NFC coil 31 is arranged around the circumference of the other electronic devices (such as the camera module 00 ), thereby reducing the size of the The space occupied by the NFC antenna 30 in the electronic device 100 .
  • the main board 40 is fixed in the internal accommodating cavity of the electronic device 100 .
  • the main board 40 may be fixed on the middle board 23 by means of screw connection, snap connection or the like.
  • the main board 40 can also be fixed to the surface of the display screen 12 close to the back cover 21 by means of screw connection, snap connection, or the like.
  • the electronic device 100 may also include a processor, an NFC controller, a matching circuit, and the like.
  • the processor, the NFC controller, and the matching circuit are electrically connected in sequence.
  • the matching circuit is electrically connected to the first terminal 31 a and the second terminal 31 b of the NFC coil 31 .
  • the circuit connection of the NFC antenna 30 is thereby achieved.
  • the processor, NFC controller and matching circuit may be provided on the motherboard 40 .
  • the processor, the NFC controller and the matching circuit may also be disposed on other circuit boards in the electronic device, for example, disposed on the circuit board where the universal serial bus (universal serial bus, USB) device is located.
  • the processor is an application processor (AP).
  • the metal piece 50 is disposed on the first side A of the NFC coil 31 . That is, the metal piece 50 is located on the signal transceiving side of the NFC antenna 30 .
  • the first side A of the NFC coil 31 is the side of the NFC coil 31 close to the back cover 21 .
  • the metal piece 50 is a camera decorative cover disposed on the back cover 21 .
  • the back cover 21 is provided with an installation opening 60 .
  • the camera decorative cover covers and is fixed at the installation opening 60 .
  • the camera decorative cover is used to protect the rear camera module of the electronic device 100 .
  • the metal member 50 may also be other structures disposed on the back cover 21 , such as a logo disposed on the back cover 21 , a finger loop clasp adhered to the outer surface of the back cover 21 , a The decorative elements on the mobile phone case on the outer surface of the back cover 21 and the like are not specifically limited here.
  • the metal member 50 may be in a sheet shape, a block shape, a plate shape, etc., which is not specifically limited herein.
  • the material of the metal piece 50 includes, but is not limited to, at least one of copper, iron, aluminum, copper alloy, iron alloy, and aluminum alloy.
  • the metal piece 50 Since the metal piece 50 is located on the signal transmitting and receiving side of the NFC antenna 30 , the metal piece 50 (especially a metal piece with a large area) can easily block the magnetic field generated by the NFC antenna 30 in the electronic device 100 and block the magnetic field of other devices from the electronic device 100 . outside the device 100, thereby hindering the transmission and reception of radio frequency signals.
  • FIG. 5 is a relative position diagram of the NFC coil 31 and the metal piece 50 in the electronic device 100 shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the shape of the orthographic projection of the metal piece 50 on the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located includes, but is not limited to, a circle, a rectangle, a polygon, a triangle, and the like.
  • FIG. 5 only shows an example in which the shape of the orthographic projection of the metal piece 50 on the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located is a circle, which should not be considered as a special limitation to the present application.
  • the NFC coil 31 is located outside the orthographic projection of the metal piece 50 on the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located; in this way, the metal piece 50 can be prevented from blocking the signal transceiving path of the NFC coil 31 , thereby ensuring the signal transceiving performance of the NFC antenna 30 .
  • the NFC coil 31 is arranged around and close to the orthographic projection of the metal piece 50 on the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located; in this way, the perimeter of the NFC coil 31 can be reduced while the metal piece 50 is prevented from blocking the signal transmission and reception path of the NFC coil 31 .
  • the space occupied by the NFC coil 31 in the electronic device 100 is reduced.
  • the NFC coil 31 when the NFC antenna 30 is in operation, the NFC coil 31 is supplied with current. A reverse current is induced on the metal piece 50 surrounded by the NFC coil 31 . According to Ampere's Law, the magnetic field generated by the reverse current is in the opposite direction to the magnetic field generated by the current in the NFC coil 31 . As a result, a space opposite to a certain area in the NFC coil 31 forms a card reading blind area.
  • FIG. 6 is a current distribution diagram of the NFC coil 31 and the metal piece 50 shown in FIG. 5 at a certain time.
  • the current flowing into the NFC coil 31 is I 1
  • the current induced by the edge of the metal piece 50 is I 3 .
  • the direction of I 1 is opposite to the direction of I 3 .
  • FIGS. 7-9 FIG. 7 is a magnetic field distribution diagram of the NFC coil 31 in FIG. 6
  • FIG. 8 is a magnetic field distribution diagram of the metal piece 50 in FIG. 6
  • FIG. 9 is a magnetic field distribution diagram of the NFC coil 31 shown in FIG. 7 and Fig. 8 shows the distribution diagram of the magnetic field after the magnetic fields of the metal parts 50 are combined.
  • Fig. 8 shows the distribution diagram of the magnetic field after the magnetic fields of the metal parts 50 are combined.
  • the matched electronic device When the matched electronic device is close to the electronic device 100, and the NFC coil (especially the small volume coil) of the matched electronic device is opposite to the blind area C, only a small amount of magnetic field lines or even no magnetic field lines pass through the NFC coil of the matched electronic device, thus Radio frequency signal communication cannot be achieved, thereby causing the performance of the NFC antenna 30 to degrade.
  • the NFC coil especially the small volume coil
  • the NFC coil 31 includes a first portion 311 and a second portion 312 arranged along its own circumferential direction.
  • the first portion 311 consists of a plurality of conductive wire portions located at the location of the first circumferential section of the multi-turn conductive wire of the NFC coil 31 .
  • the first circumferential section is a certain section along the circumferential direction of the NFC coil 31 , and each turn of the conductive wires of the NFC coil 31 has a portion located in the first circumferential section.
  • the second portion 312 consists of a plurality of conductive wire portions located at the position of the second circumferential segment of the multi-turn conductive wire of the NFC coil 31 .
  • the second circumferential section is a certain section along the circumferential direction of the NFC coil 31 , and the second circumferential section and the first circumferential section are located at different positions, and each turn of the multi-turn conductive wires of the NFC coil 31
  • Each of the conductive lines has a portion located within the second circumferential section.
  • the first portion 311 may extend along a straight line, an arc, a broken line, etc., which is not limited herein.
  • the second portion 312 may extend along a straight line, an arc, a broken line, etc., which is not specifically limited herein.
  • the first part 311 is located outside the orthographic projection of the metal piece 50 on the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located, and is disposed around the orthographic projection of the metal piece 50 on the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located.
  • the second portion 312 passes through the orthographic projection of the metal piece 50 on the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located.
  • FIG. 11 is the current distribution of the NFC coil 31 and the metal piece 50 shown in FIG. 10 at a certain moment
  • FIG. 12 is the current distribution diagram of the metal piece 50 shown in FIG. 11
  • the current passing through the NFC coil 31 is I 1
  • the current induced by the portion of the metal member 50 close to the first portion 311 is I 31
  • the current induced by the portion of the metal member 50 close to the second portion 312 is I 32
  • the direction of I 1 is opposite to the direction of I 31
  • the direction of I 1 is also opposite to the direction of I 32 .
  • FIG. 13 is a magnetic field distribution diagram of the metal member 50 shown in FIG. 12 . It can be seen from Fig. 13 that since I 32 is greater than I 31 , and the magnetic field strength generated by I 32 is greater than that generated by I 31 , the reverse magnetic field near I 32 is so large that it is close to the magnetic field generated by the NFC coil. In the magnetic field distribution after the magnetic field generated by the NFC coil is cancelled, there are many blind spots of the magnetic field near the second part 312 .
  • FIG. 14 is a magnetic field distribution diagram after the magnetic field distribution of the NFC coil 31 shown in FIG. 11 is combined with the magnetic field of the metal piece 50 shown in FIG. 14 .
  • a blind area C is formed.
  • the blind area C in FIG. 14 is roughly triangular in shape, which is only a schematic diagram, and is generally close to the second part 312 below.
  • the part of C has more blind spots, and the upper part has fewer blind spots; the blind spot C is transferred to the edge where the second part 312 is located. In this way, the distribution uniformity of the magnetic field lines in the area enclosed by the NFC coil 31 can be improved, and the performance of the NFC antenna 30 can be improved.
  • FIG. 15a is the NFC coil 31 and A diagram of the relative position of the metal piece 50 .
  • the metal member 50 is provided with at least one through hole 51 .
  • At least one means one or two or more.
  • the orthographic projection of the through hole 51 on the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located overlaps the second portion 312 so that the second portion 312 is exposed.
  • the through hole 51 communicates with the side of the metal piece 50 close to the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located and the side of the metal piece 50 away from the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located, and the through hole 51 is connected to the second part of the NFC coil 31 . 312 relative.
  • the second part 312 of the NFC coil 31 can be exposed through the through hole 51 , so that the magnetic field generated by the second part 312 can be emitted to the side of the metal piece 50 away from the NFC coil 31 through the through hole 51 .
  • the second portion 312 can also receive the magnetic field on the side of the metal piece 50 away from the NFC coil 31 via the through hole 51 .
  • the number of the through holes 51 may be one, two, three or more than three, which is not specifically limited herein.
  • FIG. 15a only shows an example in which the number of the through holes 51 is three, which should not be considered as a special limitation to the present application.
  • the periphery of the through hole 51 is closed. That is, the sum of the lengths of the through holes 51 provided on the metal piece 50 along the extending path parallel to the second portion 312 is less than the length of the metal piece 50 along the extending path parallel to the second portion 312 .
  • the lengths of the three through holes 51 provided on the metal member 50 on the extending path parallel to the second portion 312 are L 1 , L 2 , and L 3 , respectively.
  • the length of 50 on an extension path parallel to the second portion 312 is L, L 1 +L 2 +L 3 ⁇ L.
  • the through hole 51 may be a circular hole, a strip hole, a square hole, a polygonal hole, etc., which are not specifically limited herein.
  • the through hole 51 is a strip hole
  • the length direction of the through hole 51 may be parallel to the extending path of the second portion 312 , or may be perpendicular or intersecting with the extending path of the second portion 312 , which is not specifically limited herein.
  • FIG. 15 a only shows an example in which the length direction of the through hole 51 is consistent with the extension path of the second portion 312 . In other embodiments, please refer to FIG.
  • the rightmost through hole 51 is a bar-shaped hole, and the length direction of the through hole 51 is perpendicular to the extension path of the second part 312 , and the length L3 of the through hole 51 on the extension path parallel to the second part 312 is The width of the through hole 51 .
  • the sum of the lengths of the through holes 51 provided on the metal member 50 along the extending path parallel to the second portion 312 is less than five thousandths of the wavelength of the NFC antenna 30 .
  • FIG. 16 is a relative position diagram of the NFC coil 31 and the metal piece 50 according to further embodiments of the present application.
  • the NFC coil 31 is a square ring structure.
  • the shape of the orthographic projection of the metal piece 50 on the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located is a circle.
  • the second portion 312 of the NFC coil 31 extends in a straight line.
  • the number of through holes 51 is three.
  • the three through holes 51 are all strip-shaped holes.
  • FIG. 17 is a relative position diagram of the NFC coil 31 and the metal piece 50 according to further embodiments of the present application.
  • the NFC coil 31 is approximately a square ring structure.
  • the shape of the orthographic projection of the metal piece 50 on the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located is a circle.
  • the second portion 312 of the NFC coil 31 extends in a straight line.
  • the number of through holes 51 is three.
  • the three through holes 51 are all strip-shaped holes.
  • FIG. 18 is a relative position diagram of the NFC coil 31 and the metal piece 50 according to further embodiments of the present application.
  • the first portion 311 of the NFC coil 31 extends along an arc.
  • the second portion 312 of the NFC coil 31 extends along a concave arc.
  • the shape of the orthographic projection of the metal piece 50 on the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located is a circle.
  • the number of through holes 51 is three.
  • the three through holes 51 are all strip-shaped holes, and the length direction of the strip-shaped holes is consistent with the extending direction of the opposite second portion 312 .
  • FIG. 19 is a relative position diagram of the NFC coil 31 and the metal piece 50 according to further embodiments of the present application.
  • the first portion 311 of the NFC coil 31 extends along an arc.
  • the second portion 312 of the NFC coil 31 extends along an upwardly convex arc.
  • the shape of the orthographic projection of the metal piece 50 on the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located is a circle.
  • the number of through holes 51 is three.
  • the three through holes 51 are all strip-shaped holes, and the length direction of the strip-shaped holes is consistent with the extending direction of the opposite second portion 312 .
  • FIG. 20 is a relative position diagram of the NFC coil 31 and the metal piece 50 according to further embodiments of the present application.
  • the NFC coil 31 is approximately a square ring structure.
  • the shape of the orthographic projection of the metal piece 50 on the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located is an octagon.
  • the second portion 312 of the NFC coil 31 extends in a straight line.
  • the number of through holes 51 is three.
  • the three through holes 51 are all strip-shaped holes.
  • FIG. 21 is a relative position diagram of the NFC coil 31 and the metal piece 50 according to further embodiments of the present application.
  • the NFC coil 31 is approximately a square ring structure.
  • the shape of the orthographic projection of the metal piece 50 on the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located is a hexagon.
  • the second portion 312 of the NFC coil 31 extends in a straight line.
  • the number of through holes 51 is three.
  • the three through holes 51 are all strip-shaped holes.
  • FIG. 22 is a relative position diagram of the NFC coil 31 and the metal piece 50 according to further embodiments of the present application.
  • the NFC coil 31 is approximately a square ring structure.
  • the shape of the orthographic projection of the metal piece 50 on the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located is a pentagon.
  • the second portion 312 of the NFC coil 31 extends in a straight line.
  • the number of through holes 51 is three.
  • the three through holes 51 are all strip-shaped holes.
  • Fig. 23 is a relative position diagram of the NFC coil 31 and the metal piece 50 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the NFC coil 31 is approximately a square ring structure.
  • the shape of the orthographic projection of the metal piece 50 on the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located is a square.
  • the second portion 312 of the NFC coil 31 extends in a straight line.
  • the number of through holes 51 is three.
  • the three through holes 51 are all strip-shaped holes.
  • FIG. 24 is a relative position diagram of the NFC coil 31 and the metal piece 50 according to further embodiments of the present application.
  • the NFC coil 31 is approximately a square ring structure.
  • the shape of the orthographic projection of the metal piece 50 on the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located is a triangle.
  • the second portion 312 of the NFC coil 31 extends in a straight line.
  • the number of through holes 51 is three.
  • the three through holes 51 are all strip-shaped holes.
  • the NFC coil 31 in addition to the first part 311 and the second part 312 , the NFC coil 31 also includes a third part 313 and a fourth part 314 arranged along its own circumferential direction.
  • the third portion 313 is composed of a plurality of conductive wire portions located at the third circumferential segment position among the turns of conductive wire of the NFC coil 31 .
  • the third circumferential section is a certain section along the circumferential direction of the NFC coil 31 .
  • the third circumferential section, the second circumferential section and the first circumferential section are located at different positions, respectively.
  • Each of the turns of conductive wire of the NFC coil 31 has a portion located within the third circumferential section.
  • the fourth portion 314 consists of a plurality of conductive wire portions located at the fourth circumferential segment position in the multi-turn conductive wire of the NFC coil 31 .
  • the fourth circumferential section is a certain section along the circumferential direction of the NFC coil 31 .
  • the fourth circumferential section, the third circumferential section, the second circumferential section, and the first circumferential section are located at different positions, respectively.
  • Each of the turns of conductive wire of the NFC coil 31 has a portion located within the fourth circumferential section.
  • the third part 313 and the first part 311 are connected to opposite ends of the second part 312 , respectively.
  • the third portion 313 is located outside the orthographic projection of the metal piece 50 on the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located (ie, the XY plane), and is disposed around the orthographic projection of the metal piece 50 on the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located.
  • the second portion 312 and the fourth portion 314 are connected to opposite ends of the third portion 313 , respectively.
  • the fourth portion 314 passes through the orthographic projection of the metal piece 50 on the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located.
  • the formed blind area C is transferred to the edge where the second part 312 and the fourth part 314 are located. In this way, the distribution uniformity of the magnetic field lines in the area enclosed by the NFC coil 31 can be improved, and the performance of the NFC antenna 30 can be improved.
  • FIG. 25 is a relative position diagram of the NFC antenna 30 and the metal piece 50 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the first portion 311 of the NFC coil 31 extends along an arc.
  • the second portion 312 of the NFC coil 31 extends in a straight line.
  • the shape of the orthographic projection of the metal piece 50 on the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located is a circle.
  • the number of through holes 51 is three. Includes 2 round holes and 1 rectangular hole. The rectangular hole is located in the middle, and the two circular holes are distributed on opposite sides of the rectangular hole.
  • FIG. 26 is a relative position diagram of the NFC antenna 30 and the metal piece 50 according to further embodiments of the present application.
  • the NFC coil 31 is approximately a square ring structure.
  • the shape of the orthographic projection of the metal piece 50 on the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located is a circle.
  • the number of through holes 51 is two.
  • the two through holes 51 are both strip-shaped holes, and the strip-shaped holes extend along the circumferential direction of the metal piece 50 .
  • FIG. 27 shows the magnetic field strength M1 of the NFC antenna 30 at 13.56 MHz when the NFC coil 31 includes the first part 311 and the second part 312 and the metal member 50 is provided with a through hole 51 in the embodiment of the application.
  • Simulation diagram. Please refer to FIG. 28 .
  • FIG. 28 is a simulation diagram of the magnetic field strength M2 of the NFC antenna 30 in FIG. 5 at 13.56 MHz. Comparing FIGS. 27 and 28, it can be seen that there are obvious magnetic field strength pits and zeros in the middle of the NFC antenna 30 shown in FIG. 28, and the magnetic field strength M1 inside the NFC antenna 30 shown in FIG. 27 is evenly distributed without obvious pits. Therefore, when the NFC coil 31 includes the first part 311 and the second part 312 , and the metal member 50 is provided with the through hole 51 , the performance of the NFC antenna 30 is better.
  • FIG. 29 is the return loss curve of the NFC antenna 30 when the NFC coil 31 includes the first part 311 and the second part 312 and the metal member 50 is provided with the through hole 51 in the embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 30 is the original Smith diagram of the NFC antenna 30 when the NFC coil 31 includes a first part 311 and a second part 312 and the metal piece 50 is provided with a through hole 51 in the embodiment of the application. It can be seen from FIG. 29 and FIG. 30 that the working frequency of the NFC antenna 30 is 13.56 MHz, and the signal transmission and reception capability is relatively good.
  • FIG. 31 is a relative position diagram of the NFC coil 31 and the metal piece 50 according to further embodiments of the present application.
  • the metal member 50 is provided with a through slot 52 .
  • the orthographic projection of the through groove 52 on the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located overlaps the second portion 312 so that the second portion 312 is exposed. That is, the through groove 52 communicates with the side of the metal piece 50 close to the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located and the side of the metal piece 50 away from the plane where the NFC coil 31 is located.
  • the through slot 52 is opposite to the second portion 312 of the NFC coil 31 , and at least one end of the through slot 52 is parallel to the extending path of the second portion 312 , penetrating the edge of the metal piece 50 .
  • the second part 312 of the NFC coil 31 can be exposed through the through slot 52 , so that the magnetic field generated by the second part 312 can be emitted to the side of the metal piece 50 away from the NFC coil 31 through the through slot 52 .
  • the second portion 312 can also receive the magnetic field on the side of the metal piece 50 away from the NFC coil 31 via the through slot 52 .
  • FIG. 31 one end of the through groove 52 is parallel to the extending path of the second portion 312 and penetrates through the edge of the metal piece 50 .
  • FIG. 32 is a relative position diagram of the NFC coil 31 and the metal piece 50 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the through groove 52 penetrates the edge of the metal piece 50 along the other end parallel to the extending path of the second portion 312 .
  • FIG. 33 is a relative position diagram of the NFC coil 31 and the metal piece 50 provided by some embodiments of the present application. Both ends of the through groove 52 are parallel to the extending path of the second portion 312 and penetrate through the edge of the metal piece 50 .
  • the metal member 50 may be provided with only through holes 51 , only through slots 52 , or both through holes 51 and through slots 52 . Specifically, it can be designed according to actual needs.
  • the through holes 51 and the through grooves 52 are filled with insulating materials.
  • the insulating material includes, but is not limited to, plastic, sponge, rubber, silica gel, etc., which are not specifically limited herein.
  • FIG. 34 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device 100 according to further embodiments of the present application.
  • the electronic device 100 is a smart watch.
  • the electronic device 100 includes a main body 70 and a watch band 80 .
  • FIG. 34 only schematically shows some components included in the electronic device 100 , and the actual shapes, actual sizes, actual positions and actual structures of these components are not limited by FIG. 34 .
  • the material of the watch band 80 includes, but is not limited to, metal, nylon, plastic, and the like.
  • FIG. 35 is an exploded view of the host 70 in the electronic device 100 shown in FIG. 34 .
  • the host 70 includes a bottom case 71 , a light-transmitting cover plate 72 , an NFC antenna 30 and a metal piece 50 .
  • the bottom case 71 is fixed to the watch band 80 .
  • the material of the bottom case 71 includes, but is not limited to, plastic and metal.
  • the bottom case 71 is used to protect the internal electronic devices of the smart watch.
  • a mounting groove is formed in the bottom case 71 .
  • the light-transmitting cover plate 72 covers and is fixed at the opening of the installation slot.
  • the NFC antenna 30 and the metal piece 50 are installed in the installation groove.
  • the NFC antenna 30 is used to radiate radio frequency signals to the side close to the transparent cover plate 72 and receive radio frequency signals to the side close to the transparent cover plate 72 .
  • the metal piece 50 is located between the NFC antenna 30 and the light-transmitting cover plate 72. In some embodiments, the metal piece 50 is the dial of the smart watch.
  • the structure of the metal piece 50 for the structure of the NFC antenna 30, the structure of the metal piece 50, and the relative position of the NFC antenna 30 and the metal piece 50, reference may be made to the structure of the NFC antenna 30, the structure of the metal piece 50 and the NFC antenna in the aforementioned mobile phone embodiments
  • the relative positions of 30 and the metal piece 50 are designed, which will not be repeated here.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种电子设备，涉及电子设备技术领域，能够降低大面积金属件对NFC天线的影响，保证NFC天线的性能，提升读卡成功率。电子设备包括NFC天线和金属件。NFC天线包括NFC线圈，NFC线圈具有第一侧，第一侧为NFC线圈所处平面的一侧。金属件位于第一侧，NFC线圈包括沿自身周向排列的第一部分和第二部分，第一部分位于金属件在NFC线圈所处平面的正投影外，并围绕金属件在NFC线圈所处平面的正投影设置，第二部分穿过金属件在NFC线圈所处平面的正投影。本申请实施例提供的电子设备用于实现近场通信。

Description

一种电子设备
本申请要求于2021年04月19日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为202110420862.X、发明名称为“一种电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电子设备技术领域，尤其涉及一种带有NFC天线的电子设备。
背景技术
近场通信(near field communication，NFC)技术因其允许无线电子设备之间进行非接触式数据传输，且具有安全性高、功耗低、交易快速等优点，而在多个领域中均具有较广阔的应用前景。
现有技术中，NFC天线的线圈(以下简称NFC线圈)的长度较大，NFC线圈在电子设备内所需的净空区较大。但是，在诸如手机、智能手表等便携式小型电子设备及穿戴类电子设备中，随着薄型化、功能多样化、高续航的发展，NFC线圈在电子设备内的布局空间受限。在NFC线圈用于收发射频信号的一侧通常会存在大面积金属件。比如，在NFC线圈用于收发射频信号的一侧安装有用于保护并装饰摄像头模组的装饰盖，该装饰盖为金属件。在此情况下，该金属件会导致NFC天线的性能严重下降，从而造成电子设备读卡困难。因此，如何解决大面积金属件对NFC天线的影响，成为各厂商研究的重要方向。
发明内容
本申请的实施例提供一种电子设备，能够降低大面积金属件对NFC天线的影响，保证NFC天线的性能，提升读卡成功率。
为达到上述目的，本申请实施例采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，本申请一些实施例提供一种电子设备，该电子设备包括NFC天线和金属件。其中，NFC天线包括NFC线圈。NFC线圈具有第一侧。该第一侧为NFC线圈所处平面的一侧。金属件位于第一侧。NFC线圈包括沿自身周向排列的第一部分和第二部分。第一部分位于金属件在NFC线圈所处平面的正投影外，并围绕金属件在NFC线圈所处平面的正投影设置。第二部分穿过金属件在NFC线圈所处平面的正投影。
在本申请实施例中，由于NFC线圈包括沿自身周向排列的第一部分和第二部分。第一部分位于金属件在NFC线圈所处平面的正投影外，并围绕金属件在NFC线圈所处平面的正投影设置。第二部分穿过金属件在NFC线圈所处平面的正投影。同时由于随着电子设备的薄型化设计，第二部分与金属件之间在垂直于NFC线圈所处平面上的距离，通常小于第一部分与金属件的边缘之间的间距。因此金属件内被第二部分感应起的电流大于金属件内被第一部分感应起的电流。在NFC线圈产生的磁场与金属件产生的磁场抵消后产生的磁场盲区转移至NFC线圈所围成的区域的边缘。具体的，转移至第二部分所处的边缘。这样，可以提高NFC线圈所围成区域内的磁力线分布均匀性， 从而改善NFC天线的性能。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，金属件上设有至少一个通孔。“至少一个”表示一个或者两个以上。通孔在NFC线圈所处平面的正投影与第二部分交叠，以使第二部分(312)露出。这样，通过通孔可以将NFC线圈的第二部分露出，以使第二部分产生的磁场能够经由通孔发射至金属件远离NFC线圈一侧。相应的，第二部分也可以经由通孔接收到金属件远离NFC线圈一侧的磁场。由此可以进一步提高NFC线圈所围成区域内的磁力线分布均匀性，改善NFC天线的性能。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，金属件上设置的通孔在平行于第二部分的延伸路径上的长度之和，小于金属件在平行于第二部分的延伸路径上的长度。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，金属件上设置的通孔在平行于第二部分的延伸路径上的长度之和，小于NFC天线的波长的千分之五。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，通孔内填充有绝缘材料。该绝缘材料包括但不限于塑胶、海绵、橡胶、硅胶等等，在此不做具体限定。这样，可以保证金属件的结构完整性或者美观性。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，NFC线圈还包括沿自身周向排列的第三部分和第四部分；沿NFC线圈的周向，第三部分和第一部分分别连接于第二部分的相对两端，第三部分位于金属件在NFC线圈所处平面的正投影外，并围绕金属件在NFC线圈所处平面的正投影设置。沿NFC线圈的周向，第二部分和第四部分分别连接于第三部分的相对两端，第四部分穿过金属件在NFC线圈所处平面的正投影。这样，NFC线圈的磁场与金属件的磁场相互抵消后，形成的盲区向第二部分和第四部分所处的边缘转移。由此，可以提高NFC线圈所围成区域内的磁力线分布均匀性，改善NFC天线的性能。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，NFC线圈还具有第二侧，第一侧和第二侧分别为NFC线圈所处平面的相对两侧。NFC天线还包括隔磁片，隔磁片设置于NFC线圈的第二侧，且隔磁片与NFC线圈所处平面层叠设置，NFC线圈在隔磁片上的正投影位于隔磁片内。隔磁片用于降低位于隔磁片远离NFC线圈一侧的金属结构(比如中板)对NFC线圈的磁场吸收。同时，隔磁片能够增大第一侧的磁场强度，使得NFC天线具有信号收发方向性，从而增加电磁感应距离。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，隔磁片可以为铁氧体。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，隔磁片可以包括诸如Nd-Fe-B、钐、Al-Ni-Co、铁硅铝磁合金(Fe-Si-Al)和坡莫合金(Ni-Fe)等的磁性材料中的至少一种。隔磁片的形状包括但不限于长方形、正方形、三角形、圆形、椭圆形、多边形等等。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，电子设备还包括电路板，NFC线圈为设置于电路板上的金属层。这样，能够保证NFC线圈的制作精度。电路板的形状包括但不限于长方形、正方形、三角形、圆形、椭圆形、多边形等等。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，电路板可以为硬质电路板，也可以为柔性电路板，还可以为软硬结合电路板。电路板可以采用FR-4介质板，也可以采用罗杰斯(Rogers)介质板，还可以采用FR-4和Rogers的混合介质板，等等。这里，FR-4是一种耐燃材料等级的代号，Rogers介质板为一种高频板。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，金属件为摄像头装饰盖。电子设备还包括背盖，金属件安装于背盖上，NFC线圈位于背盖的内侧，背盖的内侧是指背盖朝向内部容纳空间的一侧。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，金属件为表盘。电子设备还包括透光盖板，金属件和NFC线圈位于透光盖板的内侧，且金属件位于NFC线圈与透光盖板之间。
第二方面，本申请一些实施例提供一种电子设备，该电子设备包括NFC天线和金属件。NFC天线包括NFC线圈。NFC线圈为平面线圈，NFC线圈具有第一侧，第一侧为NFC线圈所处平面的一侧。金属件位于第一侧，NFC线圈包括沿自身周向排列的第一部分和第二部分。第一部分位于金属件在NFC线圈所处平面的正投影外，并围绕金属件在NFC线圈所处平面的正投影设置。第二部分穿过金属件在NFC线圈所处平面的正投影。金属件上设有通槽，通槽在NFC线圈所处平面的正投影与第二部分交叠，以使第二部分露出，且通槽沿平行于第二部分的延伸路径的至少一端贯穿金属件的边缘。
在本申请实施例中，由于NFC线圈包括沿自身周向排列的第一部分和第二部分。第一部分位于金属件在NFC线圈所处平面的正投影外，并围绕金属件在NFC线圈所处平面的正投影设置。第二部分穿过金属件在NFC线圈所处平面的正投影。同时由于随着电子设备的薄型化设计，第二部分与金属件之间在垂直于NFC线圈所处平面上的距离，通常小于第一部分与金属件的边缘之间的间距。因此金属件内被第二部分感应起的电流大于金属件内被第一部分感应起的电流。在NFC线圈产生的磁场与金属件产生的磁场抵消后产生的磁场盲区转移至NFC线圈所围成的区域的边缘。具体的，转移至第二部分所处的边缘。这样，可以提高NFC线圈所围成区域内的磁力线分布均匀性，从而改善NFC天线的性能。进一步的，通过通槽可以将NFC线圈的第二部分露出，以使第二部分产生的磁场能够经由通槽发射至金属件远离NFC线圈一侧。相应的，第二部分也可以经由通槽接收到金属件远离NFC线圈一侧的磁场。由此进一步提高了NFC线圈所围成区域内的磁力线分布均匀性，改善NFC天线的性能。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，金属件上设置的通槽在平行于第二部分的延伸路径上的长度之和，小于金属件在平行于第二部分的延伸路径上的长度。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，金属件上设置的通槽在平行于第二部分的延伸路径上的长度之和，小于NFC天线的波长的千分之五。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，通槽内填充有绝缘材料。该绝缘材料包括但不限于塑胶、海绵、橡胶、硅胶等等，在此不做具体限定。这样，可以保证金属件的结构完整性或者美观性。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，NFC线圈还包括沿自身周向排列的第三部分和第四部分；沿NFC线圈的周向，第三部分和第一部分分别连接于第二部分的相对两端，第三部分位于金属件在NFC线圈所处平面的正投影外，并围绕金属件在NFC线圈所处平面的正投影设置。沿NFC线圈的周向，第二部分和第四部分分别连接于第三部分的相对两端，第四部分穿过金属件在NFC线圈所处平面的正投影。这样，NFC线圈的磁场与金属件的磁场相互抵消后，形成的盲区向第二部分和第四部分所处的边缘转移。由此，可以提高NFC线圈所围成区域内的磁力线分布均匀性，改善NFC天 线的性能。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，NFC线圈还具有第二侧，第一侧和第二侧分别为NFC线圈所处平面的相对两侧。NFC天线还包括隔磁片，隔磁片设置于NFC线圈的第二侧，且隔磁片与NFC线圈所处平面层叠设置，NFC线圈在隔磁片上的正投影位于隔磁片内。隔磁片用于降低位于隔磁片远离NFC线圈一侧的金属结构(比如中板)对NFC线圈的磁场吸收。同时，隔磁片能够增大第一侧的磁场强度，使得NFC天线具有信号收发方向性，从而增加电磁感应距离。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，隔磁片可以为铁氧体。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，隔磁片可以包括诸如Nd-Fe-B、钐、Al-Ni-Co、铁硅铝磁合金(Fe-Si-Al)和坡莫合金(Ni-Fe)等的磁性材料中的至少一种。隔磁片的形状包括但不限于长方形、正方形、三角形、圆形、椭圆形、多边形等等。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，电子设备还包括电路板，NFC线圈为设置于电路板上的金属层。这样，能够保证NFC线圈的制作精度。电路板的形状包括但不限于长方形、正方形、三角形、圆形、椭圆形、多边形等等。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，电路板可以为硬质电路板，也可以为柔性电路板，还可以为软硬结合电路板。电路板可以采用FR-4介质板，也可以采用罗杰斯(Rogers)介质板，还可以采用FR-4和Rogers的混合介质板，等等。这里，FR-4是一种耐燃材料等级的代号，Rogers介质板为一种高频板。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，金属件为摄像头装饰盖。电子设备还包括背盖，金属件安装于背盖上，NFC线圈位于背盖的内侧，背盖的内侧是指背盖朝向内部容纳空间的一侧。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，金属件为表盘。电子设备还包括透光盖板，金属件和NFC线圈位于透光盖板的内侧，且金属件位于NFC线圈与透光盖板之间。
附图说明
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的电子设备的立体图；
图2为图1所示电子设备的***图；
图3为图2所示电子设备内NFC天线的结构示意图；
图4为NFC线圈与其他电子设备的NFC线圈在通信时的电磁场分布图；
图5为图2所示电子设备中NFC线圈和金属件的相对位置图；
图6为图5所示NFC线圈和金属件在某一时刻的电流分布图；
图7为图6中NFC线圈的磁场分布图；
图8为图6中金属件的磁场分布图；
图9为图7所示NFC线圈的磁场分布与图8所示金属件的磁场结合在一起后的磁场分布图；
图10为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈和金属件的相对位置图；
图11为图10所示NFC线圈和金属件在某一时刻NFC线圈的电流分布；
图12为图11中金属件的电流分布图；
图13为图12所示金属件的磁场分布图；
图14为图11中NFC线圈的磁场分布与图13所示金属件的磁场结合在一起后的 磁场分布图；
图15a为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈和金属件的相对位置图；
图15b为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈和金属件的相对位置图；
图16为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈和金属件的相对位置图；
图17为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈和金属件的相对位置图；
图18为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈和金属件的相对位置图；
图19为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈和金属件的相对位置图；
图20为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈和金属件的相对位置图；
图21为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈和金属件的相对位置图；
图22为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈和金属件的相对位置图；
图23为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈和金属件的相对位置图；
图24为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈和金属件的相对位置图；
图25为本申请一些实施例提供的NFC天线和金属件的相对位置图；
图26为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC天线和金属件的相对位置图；
图27为本申请实施例中当NFC线圈包括第一部分和第二部分，且金属件上设有通孔时，NFC天线在13.56MHz下的磁场强度仿真图；
图28为图5中NFC天线在13.56MHz下的磁场强度仿真图；
图29为本申请实施例中当NFC线圈包括第一部分和第二部分，且金属件上设有通孔时，NFC天线的回波损耗曲线图；
图30为本申请实施例中当NFC线圈包括第一部分和第二部分，且金属件上设有通孔时，NFC天线的史密斯原图；
图31为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈和金属件的相对位置图；
图32为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈和金属件的相对位置图；
图33为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈和金属件的相对位置图；
图34为本申请又一些实施例提供的电子设备的结构示意图；
图35为图34所示电子设备中主机的***图。
具体实施方式
在本申请实施例中，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请实施例中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或 者装置所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素。
本申请提供一种电子设备，该电子设备为具有NFC天线的一类电子设备。具体地，该电子设备可以是便携式电子装置或其他合适的电子装置。例如，电子设备可以是手机、平板电脑(tablet personal computer)、便携式电脑、智能耳机、智能音箱、智能手表、个人数码助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、pos(point of sales)机等等。
请参阅图1和图2，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的电子设备100的立体图，图2为图1所示电子设备100的***图。在本实施例中，电子设备100为手机。电子设备100包括屏幕10、背壳20、NFC天线30、主板40和金属件50。
可以理解的是，图1和图2仅示意性的示出了电子设备100包括的一些部件，这些部件的实际形状、实际大小、实际位置和实际构造不受图1和图2的限制。在其他一些示例中，电子设备100也可以不包括屏幕10、背壳20和主板40。
屏幕10用于显示图像、视频等。屏幕10包括透光盖板11和显示屏12。透光盖板11与显示屏12层叠设置并固定连接。透光盖板11主要用于对显示屏12起到保护以及防尘作用。透光盖板11的材质包括但不限于玻璃。显示屏12可以采用柔性显示屏，也可以采用刚性显示屏。例如，显示屏12可以为有机发光二极管(organic light-emitting diode，OLED)显示屏，有源矩阵有机发光二极体或主动矩阵有机发光二极体(active-matrix organic light-emitting diode，AMOLED)显示屏，迷你发光二极管(mini organic light-emitting diode)显示屏，微型发光二极管(micro organic light-emitting diode)显示屏，微型有机发光二极管(micro organic light-emitting diode)显示屏，量子点发光二极管(quantum dot light emitting diodes，QLED)显示屏，液晶显示屏(liquid crystal display，LCD)。
背壳20用于保护电子设备100的内部电子器件。背壳20包括背盖21和边框22。背盖21的材料为塑胶、玻璃等非金属材料。背盖21位于显示屏12远离透光盖板11的一侧，并与透光盖板11、显示屏12层叠设置。边框22的材料包括但不限于金属和塑胶。边框22位于背盖21与透光盖板11之间。边框22固定于背盖21上。示例性的，边框22可以通过粘胶固定连接于背盖21上。当边框22与背盖21均由塑胶等非金属材料制作时，边框22也可以与背盖21为一体成型结构，即边框22与背盖21为一个整体结构。透光盖板11可以通过胶粘固定于边框22上。透光盖板11、背盖21与边框22围成电子设备100的内部容纳空间。该内部容纳空间将显示屏12容纳在内。
为了方便下文描述，定义电子设备100中透光盖板11、显示屏12、背盖21的层叠方向为Z轴方向。与透光盖板11、显示屏12、背盖21平行的平面为XY平面。可以理解的是，电子设备100的坐标系设置可以根据具体实际需要灵活设置，在此不做具体限定。
NFC天线30设置于电子设备100的内部容纳腔中。在一些实施例中，请参阅图2，电子设备100还包括中板23。中板23固定于边框22的内表面一周。示例的，中板23可以通过焊接固定于边框22上。中板23也可以与边框22为一体成型结构。中板23用作电子设备100的结构“骨架”。NFC天线30可以支撑并固定于中板23上。示例的，NFC天线30支撑并固定于中板23的靠近背盖21的表面上。又示例的，NFC天 线30支撑并固定于中板23的靠近屏幕10的表面上。在其他实施例中，当电子设备100不包括中板23时，NFC天线30可以支撑并固定于屏幕10的靠近背盖21的表面。
NFC天线30用于发射或者接收射频信号。在一些实施例中，NFC天线30可以用于向靠近背盖21一侧发射射频信号，或者接收靠近背盖21一侧的射频信号，以使电子设备100能够与位于电子设备100后侧的其他电子设备(比如pos机)建立通信连接。在其他实施例中，NFC天线30也可以用于向靠近屏幕10一侧发射射频信号，或者接收靠近屏幕10一侧的射频信号，以使电子设备100能够与位于电子设备100前侧的其他电子设备建立通信连接。
请参阅图3，图3为图2所示电子设备100内NFC天线30的结构示意图。在本实施例中，NFC天线30包括NFC线圈31、第一端子31a、第二端子31b、电路板32和隔磁片33。
可以理解的是，图3仅示意性的示出了NFC天线30包括的一些部件，这些部件的实际形状、实际大小、实际位置和实际构造不受图3的限制。在其他一些示例中，电子设备100也可以不包括电路板32和隔磁片33。
NFC线圈31为NFC天线30的信号发射接收主体。NFC线圈31为由导电线(比如铜线)沿XY平面内的环形轨迹缠绕形成的环状结构。
其中，导电线可以为包覆有绝缘材料的导电线缆，也可以为设置于电路板上的金属层，在此不做具体限定。图3仅给出了导电线为设置于电路板32上的金属层的示例。具体的，电路板32可以为硬质电路板，也可以为柔性电路板，还可以为软硬结合电路板。电路板32可以采用FR-4介质板，也可以采用罗杰斯(Rogers)介质板，还可以采用FR-4和Rogers的混合介质板，等等。这里，FR-4是一种耐燃材料等级的代号，Rogers介质板为一种高频板。这样，能够保证NFC线圈31的制作精度。电路板32的形状包括但不限于长方形、正方形、三角形、圆形、椭圆形、多边形等等。
另外，NFC线圈31可以为方环形结构、圆环形结构、三角环形结构、多边环形结构等等，在此不作具体限定。图3仅示出了NFC线圈31为圆环形结构的示例，这并不能认为是对本申请构成的特殊限制。
再者，NFC线圈31包括多匝导电线。具体的，NFC线圈31可以包括两匝、三匝、四匝或者五匝以上的导电线，在此不做具体限定。
第一端子31a和第二端子31b连接到NFC线圈31的相对两端。第一端子31a和第二端子31b用于向NFC线圈31通入射频信号。
NFC线圈31具有相对的第一侧A和第二侧B。该第一侧A和第二侧B分别为NFC线圈31所处平面的相对两侧。NFC天线30用于向第一侧A辐射射频信号，或者接收第一侧A的射频信号。也即是，NFC线圈31的第一侧A为NFC天线30的信号收发侧。
请参阅图4，图4为NFC线圈31与其他电子设备的NFC线圈在通信时的电磁场分布图。当通过第一端子31a和第二端子31b向NFC线圈31通入调制后的高频交流信号I 1(也即是射频信号)时，可以激励起NFC线圈31的第一侧A产生变化的磁场。当其他电子设备由NFC线圈31的第一侧A靠近电子设备100时，变化的磁场穿过该其他电子设备的NFC线圈01，从而在NFC线圈01内产生携带信号的感应电流I 2。由 此通过磁场耦合的方式，实现了电子设备100与其他电子设备之间的射频信号传递。
在一些实施例中，NFC线圈31所处平面与图2中的背盖21相对，且背盖21位于NFC线圈31的第一侧A。这样，NFC天线30可以向靠近背盖21一侧发射射频信号，或者接收靠近背盖21一侧的射频信号，以使电子设备100能够与位于电子设备100后侧的其他电子设备建立通信连接。在另一些实施例中，NFC线圈31所处平面与图2中的屏幕10相对，且屏幕10位于NFC线圈31的第一侧A。这样，NFC天线30可以向靠近屏幕10一侧发射射频信号，或者接收靠近屏幕10一侧的射频信号，以使电子设备100能够与位于电子设备100前侧的其他电子设备建立通信连接。
隔磁片33设置于NFC线圈31的第二侧B。隔磁片33与NFC线圈31所处平面层叠设置。一些实施例中，NFC线圈31在隔磁片33上的正投影位于隔磁片33内。隔磁片33用于降低隔磁片33远离NFC线圈31一侧的金属结构(比如图2中的中板23)对NFC线圈31的磁场吸收。同时，隔磁片33能够增大第一侧A的磁场强度，使得NFC天线30具有信号收发方向性，从而增加电磁感应距离。隔磁片33可以包括磁性材料。例如，隔磁片33可以为铁氧体。在其他实施例中，隔磁片33可以包括诸如Nd-Fe-B、钐、Al-Ni-Co、铁硅铝磁合金(Fe-Si-Al)和坡莫合金(Ni-Fe)等的磁性材料中的至少一种。隔磁片33的形状包括但不限于长方形、正方形、三角形、圆形、椭圆形、多边形等等。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图3，隔磁片33与电路板32层叠设置。在一些实施例中，隔磁片33以及电路板32上与NFC线圈31的中空区域相对的部分设有避让通孔34。该避让通孔34可以对电子设备100内的其他电子器件(比如摄像头模组00)形成避让，以使得NFC线圈31围绕该其他电子器件(比如摄像头模组00)的一周设置，从而可以减小NFC天线30在电子设备100内的占用空间。
请返回参阅图2，主板40固定于电子设备100的内部容纳腔中。示例的，主板40可以通过螺纹连接、卡接等方式固定于中板23上。当电子设备100不包括中板23时，主板40也可以通过螺纹连接、卡接等方式固定于显示屏12的靠近背盖21的表面。
电子设备100还可以包括处理器、NFC控制器和匹配电路等等。处理器、NFC控制器、匹配电路依次电连接。匹配电路电连接至NFC线圈31的第一端子31a和第二端子31b。由此实现NFC天线30的电路连接。在一些实施例中，处理器、NFC控制器和匹配电路可以设置于主板40上。另一些实施例中，处理器、NFC控制器和匹配电路也可以设置于电子设备内的其他电路板上，比如设置于通用串行总线(universal serial bus，USB)器件所处的电路板上。一些实施例中，处理器为应用处理器(application processor，AP)。
请继续参阅图2，金属件50设置于NFC线圈31的第一侧A。也即是，金属件50位于NFC天线30的信号收发侧。在一些实施例中，请参阅图2，NFC线圈31的第一侧A为NFC线圈31靠近背盖21的一侧。金属件50为设置于背盖21上的摄像头装饰盖。具体的，背盖21上设有安装口60。摄像头装饰盖覆盖并固定于安装口60处。摄像头装饰盖用于保护电子设备100的后置摄像头模组。在其他实施例中，金属件50也可以为设置于背盖21上的其他结构，比如为设置于背盖21上的logo、粘接在背盖21外表面的指环扣、固定在包覆于背盖21外表面的手机壳上的装饰件等等，在此不 作具体限定。其中，金属件50可以为片状、块状、板状等等，在此不做具体限定。金属件50的材料包括但不限于铜、铁、铝、铜合金、铁合金、铝合金中的至少一种。
由于金属件50位于NFC天线30的信号收发侧，因此金属件50(尤其是大面积的金属件)容易将NFC天线30产生的磁场阻隔在电子设备100内，并将其他设备的磁场阻隔在电子设备100外，从而阻碍射频信号的收发。
为了避免上述问题，请参阅图5，图5为图2所示电子设备100中NFC线圈31和金属件50的相对位置图。金属件50在NFC线圈31所处平面(也即是XY平面)的正投影的形状包括但不限于圆形、矩形、多边形、三角形等等。图5仅给出了金属件50在NFC线圈31所处平面的正投影的形状为圆形的示例，这并不能认为是对本申请构成的特殊限制。NFC线圈31位于金属件50在NFC线圈31所处平面的正投影外；这样，可以避免金属件50遮挡NFC线圈31的信号收发路径，从而可以保证NFC天线30的信号收发性能。同时，NFC线圈31围绕并靠近金属件50在NFC线圈31所处平面的正投影设置；这样，在避免金属件50遮挡NFC线圈31的信号收发路径的同时，能够缩小NFC线圈31的周长，减小NFC线圈31在电子设备100内的占用空间。
但是，在上述实施例中，NFC天线30在工作过程中，NFC线圈31上通入电流时。被NFC线圈31包围的金属件50上，被感应起反向电流。根据安培定则，反向电流产生的磁场与NFC线圈31内电流产生的磁场方向相反。从而造成与NFC线圈31内某部分区域相对的空间形成读卡盲区。
举例说明，请参阅图6，图6为图5所示NFC线圈31和金属件50在某一时刻的电流分布图。NFC线圈31内通入的电流为I 1，金属件50的边缘被感应起的电流为I 3。I 1的方向与I 3的方向相反。请参阅图7-图9，图7为图6中NFC线圈31的磁场分布图，图8为图6中金属件50的磁场分布图，图9为图7所示NFC线圈31的磁场分布与图8所示金属件50的磁场结合在一起后的磁场分布图。在图7-图9以及下面的磁场分布图中，“×”表示磁力线垂直于平面，且穿入平面的方向。“●”表示磁力线垂直于平面，且穿出平面的方向。该磁场分布可以根据安培定则获得。由图7-图9可以看出，NFC线圈31的磁场与金属件50的磁场相互抵消后，在NFC线圈31的中部产生了较大面积的盲区C，盲区C意味着这个区域磁场非常微弱。
当匹配的电子设备靠近电子设备100，且匹配的电子设备的NFC线圈(尤其是小体积线圈)与盲区C相对时，只有少量的磁力线甚至没有磁力线穿过匹配的电子设备的NFC线圈，由此不能实现射频信号通信，从而造成NFC天线30的性能下降。
为了提高NFC天线30的性能，请参阅图10，图10为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈31和金属件50的相对位置图。在本实施例中，NFC线圈31包括沿自身周向排列的第一部分311和第二部分312。第一部分311由NFC线圈31的多匝导电线中位于第一周向区段位置的多个导电线部分组成。第一周向区段为沿NFC线圈31的周向的某一区段，NFC线圈31的多匝导电线中每匝导电线均具有一部分位于该第一周向区段内。第二部分312由NFC线圈31的多匝导电线中位于第二周向区段位置的多个导电线部分组成。第二周向区段为沿NFC线圈31的周向的某一区段，且第二周向区段与第一周向区段分别位于不同位置，NFC线圈31的多匝导电线中每匝导电线均具有一部分位于该第二周向区段内。
第一部分311可以沿直线、弧线、折线延伸等等，在此不做具体限定。第二部分312可以沿直线、弧线、折线延伸等等，在此不做具体限定。第一部分311位于金属件50在NFC线圈31所处平面的正投影外，并围绕金属件50在NFC线圈31所处平面的正投影设置。第二部分312穿过金属件50在NFC线圈31所处平面的正投影。
请参阅图11和图12，图11为图10所示NFC线圈31和金属件50在某一时刻NFC线圈31的电流分布，图12为图11中金属件50的电流分布图。NFC线圈31内通入的电流为I 1，金属件50靠近第一部分311的部分被感应起的电流为I 31，金属件50靠近第二部分312的部分被感应起的电流为I 32。I 1的方向与I 31的方向相反，I 1的方向与I 32的方向也相反。同时随着电子设备的薄型化设计，第二部分312与金属件50之间在Z轴方向上的距离，通常小于第一部分311与金属件50的边缘之间的间距。因此I 32大于I 31。请参阅图13，图13为图12所示金属件50的磁场分布图。由图13可以看出，由于I 32大于I 31，I 32产生的磁场强度大于I 31产生的磁场强度，因此，在I 32附近的反向磁场大到接近NFC线圈产生的磁场，故在与NFC线圈产生的磁场抵消后的磁场分布中，靠近第二部分312的部分磁场盲区较多。请参阅图14，图14为图11中NFC线圈31的磁场分布与图14所示金属件50的磁场结合在一起后的磁场分布图。由图14可以看出，NFC线圈31的磁场与金属件50的磁场相互抵消后，形成盲区C，图14中的盲区C大致呈三角形，这仅代表一种示意图，大体下方靠近第二部分312的部分盲区较多，上方盲区较少；盲区C转移至第二部分312所处的边缘。这样，可以提高NFC线圈31所围成区域内的磁力线分布均匀性，改善NFC天线30的性能。
为了进一步提高NFC线圈31所围成区域内的磁力线分布均匀性，改善NFC天线30的性能，在一些实施例中，请参阅图15a，图15a为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈31和金属件50的相对位置图。在本实施例中，金属件50上设有至少一个通孔51。“至少一个”表示一个或者两个以上。通孔51在NFC线圈31所处平面的正投影与第二部分312交叠，以使第二部分312露出。也即是，通孔51连通金属件50的靠近NFC线圈31所处平面的一侧和金属件50的远离NFC线圈31所处平面的一侧，且通孔51与NFC线圈31的第二部分312相对。这样，通过通孔51可以将NFC线圈31的第二部分312露出，以使第二部分312产生的磁场能够经由通孔51发射至金属件50远离NFC线圈31一侧。相应的，第二部分312也可以经由通孔51接收到金属件50远离NFC线圈31一侧的磁场。
在上述实施例中，通孔51的数量可以为一个、两个、三个或者三个以上，在此不做具体限定。图15a仅给出了通孔51的数量为三个的示例，这并不能认为是对本申请构成的特殊限制。通孔51的四周闭合。也就是说，金属件50上设置的通孔51在平行于第二部分312的延伸路径上的长度之和，小于金属件50在平行于第二部分312的延伸路径上的长度。举例说明，在图15a所示的实施例中，金属件50上设置的三个通孔51在平行于第二部分312的延伸路径上的长度分别为L 1、L 2、L 3，金属件50在平行于第二部分312的延伸路径上的长度为L，L 1+L 2+L 3＜L。其中，通孔51可以为圆形孔、条形孔、方形孔、多边形孔等等，在此不做具体限定。当通孔51为条形孔时，通孔51的长度方向可以与第二部分312的延伸路径平行，也可以与第二部分312的延伸路径垂直或者相交，在此不作具体限定。图15a仅给出了通孔51的长度方向与第二部 分312的延伸路径一致的示例。在另一些实施例中，请参阅图15b，图15b为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈31和金属件50的相对位置图。最右侧的通孔51为条形孔，且该通孔51的长度方向与第二部分312的延伸路径垂直，该通孔51在平行于第二部分312的延伸路径上的长度L 3为通孔51的宽度。在一些实施例中，金属件50上设置的通孔51在平行于第二部分312的延伸路径上的长度之和小于NFC天线30的波长的千分之五。
根据以上各实施例的描述，以下介绍几种关于NFC天线30、NFC线圈31和金属件50的具体实施例：
请参阅图16，图16为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈31和金属件50的相对位置图。在本实施例中，NFC线圈31为方环形结构。金属件50在NFC线圈31所处平面的正投影的形状为圆形。NFC线圈31的第二部分312沿直线延伸。通孔51的数量为3个。3个通孔51均为条形孔。
请参阅图17，图17为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈31和金属件50的相对位置图。在本实施例中，NFC线圈31近似为方环形结构。金属件50在NFC线圈31所处平面的正投影的形状为圆形。NFC线圈31的第二部分312沿直线延伸。通孔51的数量为3个。3个通孔51均为条形孔。
请参阅图18，图18为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈31和金属件50的相对位置图。在本实施例中，NFC线圈31的第一部分311沿弧线延伸。NFC线圈31的第二部分312沿下凹的弧线延伸。金属件50在NFC线圈31所处平面的正投影的形状为圆形。通孔51的数量为3个。3个通孔51均为条形孔，条形孔的长度方向与所对的第二部分312的延伸方向一致。
请参阅图19，图19为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈31和金属件50的相对位置图。在本实施例中，NFC线圈31的第一部分311沿弧线延伸。NFC线圈31的第二部分312沿上凸的弧线延伸。金属件50在NFC线圈31所处平面的正投影的形状为圆形。通孔51的数量为3个。3个通孔51均为条形孔，条形孔的长度方向与所对的第二部分312的延伸方向一致。
请参阅图20，图20为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈31和金属件50的相对位置图。在本实施例中，NFC线圈31近似为方环形结构。金属件50在NFC线圈31所处平面的正投影的形状为八边形。NFC线圈31的第二部分312沿直线延伸。通孔51的数量为3个。3个通孔51均为条形孔。
请参阅图21，图21为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈31和金属件50的相对位置图。在本实施例中，NFC线圈31近似为方环形结构。金属件50在NFC线圈31所处平面的正投影的形状为六边形。NFC线圈31的第二部分312沿直线延伸。通孔51的数量为3个。3个通孔51均为条形孔。
请参阅图22，图22为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈31和金属件50的相对位置图。在本实施例中，NFC线圈31近似为方环形结构。金属件50在NFC线圈31所处平面的正投影的形状为五边形。NFC线圈31的第二部分312沿直线延伸。通孔51的数量为3个。3个通孔51均为条形孔。
请参阅图23，图23为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈31和金属件50的相 对位置图。在本实施例中，NFC线圈31近似为方环形结构。金属件50在NFC线圈31所处平面的正投影的形状为正方边形。NFC线圈31的第二部分312沿直线延伸。通孔51的数量为3个。3个通孔51均为条形孔。
请参阅图24，图24为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈31和金属件50的相对位置图。在本实施例中，NFC线圈31近似为方环形结构。金属件50在NFC线圈31所处平面的正投影的形状为三角形。NFC线圈31的第二部分312沿直线延伸。通孔51的数量为3个。3个通孔51均为条形孔。
在上述实施例中，可选的，请继续参阅图24，NFC线圈31除了包括第一部分311和第二部分312之外，还包括沿自身周向排列的第三部分313和第四部分314。第三部分313由NFC线圈31的多匝导电线中位于第三周向区段位置的多个导电线部分组成。第三周向区段为沿NFC线圈31的周向的某一区段。第三周向区段与第二周向区段、第一周向区段分别位于不同位置。NFC线圈31的多匝导电线中每匝导电线均具有一部分位于该第三周向区段内。第四部分314由NFC线圈31的多匝导电线中位于第四周向区段位置的多个导电线部分组成。第四周向区段为沿NFC线圈31的周向的某一区段。第四周向区段与第三周向区段、第二周向区段、第一周向区段分别位于不同位置。NFC线圈31的多匝导电线中每匝导电线均具有一部分位于该第四周向区段内。
沿NFC线圈31的周向，第三部分313和第一部分311分别连接于第二部分312的相对两端。第三部分313位于金属件50在NFC线圈31所处平面(也即是XY平面)的正投影外，并围绕金属件50在NFC线圈31所处平面的正投影设置。沿NFC线圈31的周向，第二部分312和第四部分314分别连接于第三部分313的相对两端。第四部分314穿过金属件50在NFC线圈31所处平面的正投影。由前面的推导可知，NFC线圈31的磁场与金属件50的磁场相互抵消后，形成的盲区C向第二部分312和第四部分314所处的边缘转移。这样，可以提高NFC线圈31所围成区域内的磁力线分布均匀性，改善NFC天线30的性能。
请参阅图25，图25为本申请一些实施例提供的NFC天线30和金属件50的相对位置图。在本实施例中，NFC线圈31的第一部分311沿弧线延伸。NFC线圈31的第二部分312沿直线延伸。金属件50在NFC线圈31所处平面的正投影的形状为圆形。通孔51的数量为3个。包括2个圆孔和1个矩形孔。矩形孔位于中间，2个圆孔分布于矩形孔的相对两侧。
请参阅图26，图26为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC天线30和金属件50的相对位置图。在本实施例中，NFC线圈31近似为方环形结构。金属件50在NFC线圈31所处平面的正投影的形状为圆形。通孔51的数量为2个。2个通孔51均为条形孔，该条形孔沿金属件50的周向延伸。
请参阅图27，图27为本申请实施例中当NFC线圈31包括第一部分311和第二部分312，且金属件50上设有通孔51时，NFC天线30在13.56MHz下的磁场强度M1仿真图。请参阅图28，图28为图5中NFC天线30在13.56MHz下的磁场强度M2仿真图。对比图27和图28可知，图28所示NFC天线30中间有明显的磁场强度凹坑和零点，图27所示NFC天线30内部的磁场强度M1分布均匀，没有明显凹坑。 因此，当NFC线圈31包括第一部分311和第二部分312，且金属件50上设有通孔51时，NFC天线30的性能较优。
请参阅图29和图30，图29为本申请实施例中当NFC线圈31包括第一部分311和第二部分312，且金属件50上设有通孔51时，NFC天线30的回波损耗曲线图；图30为本申请实施例中当NFC线圈31包括第一部分311和第二部分312，且金属件50上设有通孔51时，NFC天线30的史密斯原图。由图29和图30可以看出，NFC天线30的工作频率为13.56MHz，且信号发射接收能力较优。
在另一些实施例中，请参阅图31，图31为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈31和金属件50的相对位置图。在本实施例中，金属件50上设有通槽52。通槽52在NFC线圈31所处平面的正投影与第二部分312交叠，以使第二部分312露出。也即是，通槽52连通金属件50的靠近NFC线圈31所处平面的一侧和金属件50的远离NFC线圈31所处平面的一侧。通槽52与NFC线圈31的第二部分312相对，且通槽52沿平行于第二部分312的延伸路径的至少一端贯穿金属件50的边缘。这样，通过通槽52可以将NFC线圈31的第二部分312露出，以使第二部分312产生的磁场能够经由通槽52发射至金属件50远离NFC线圈31一侧。相应的，第二部分312也可以经由通槽52接收到金属件50远离NFC线圈31一侧的磁场。
示例的，请参阅图31，通槽52沿平行于第二部分312的延伸路径的一端贯穿金属件50的边缘。又示例的，请参阅图32，图32为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈31和金属件50的相对位置图。通槽52沿平行于第二部分312的延伸路径的另一端贯穿金属件50的边缘。还示例的，请参阅图33，图33为本申请又一些实施例提供的NFC线圈31和金属件50的相对位置图。通槽52沿平行于第二部分312的延伸路径的两端贯穿金属件50的边缘。
可以理解的是，金属件50上可以仅设有通孔51，也可以仅设有通槽52，还可以同时设有通孔51和通槽52。具体可以根据实际需要进行设计。
为了保证金属件50的结构完整性或者美观性，在一些实施例中，通孔51和通槽52内填充有绝缘材料。该绝缘材料包括但不限于塑胶、海绵、橡胶、硅胶等等，在此不做具体限定。
请参阅图34，图34为本申请又一些实施例提供的电子设备100的结构示意图。在本实施例中，电子设备100为智能手表。电子设备100包括主机70和表带80。
可以理解的是，图34仅示意性的示出了电子设备100包括的一些部件，这些部件的实际形状、实际大小、实际位置和实际构造不受图34的限制。
表带80的材料包括但不限于金属、尼龙和塑料等等。
请参阅图35，图35为图34所示电子设备100中主机70的***图。在本实施例中，主机70包括底壳71、透光盖板72、NFC天线30和金属件50。
底壳71与表带80固定。底壳71的材料包括但不限于塑料和金属。底壳71用于保护智能手表的内部电子器件。底壳71内形成安装槽。透光盖板72覆盖并固定于安装槽的开口处。
NFC天线30和金属件50安装于安装槽内。NFC天线30用于向靠近透光盖板72一侧辐射射频信号，并接收靠近透光盖板72一侧的射频信号。金属件50位于NFC天 线30与透光盖板72之间。一些实施例中，金属件50为智能手表的表盘。
在本实施例中，NFC天线30的结构、金属件50的结构以及NFC天线30与金属件50的相对位置，可以参照前述手机实施例中NFC天线30的结构、金属件50的结构以及NFC天线30与金属件50的相对位置进行设计，在此不做赘述。
在本说明书的描述中，具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种电子设备(100)，其特征在于，包括NFC天线(30)和金属件(50)；
    所述NFC天线(30)包括NFC线圈(31)，所述NFC线圈(31)具有第一侧(A)，所述第一侧(A)为所述NFC线圈(31)所处平面的一侧；
    所述金属件(50)位于所述第一侧(A)，所述NFC线圈(31)包括沿自身周向排列的第一部分(311)和第二部分(312)，所述第一部分(311)位于所述金属件(50)在所述NFC线圈(31)所处平面的正投影外，并围绕所述金属件(50)在所述NFC线圈(31)所处平面的正投影设置，所述第二部分(312)穿过所述金属件(50)在所述NFC线圈(31)所处平面的正投影。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电子设备(100)，其特征在于，所述金属件(50)上设有至少一个通孔(51)；
    所述通孔(51)在所述NFC线圈(31)所处平面的正投影与所述第二部分(312)交叠，以使所述第二部分(312)露出。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电子设备(100)，其特征在于，所述金属件(50)上设置的通孔(51)在平行于所述第二部分(312)的延伸路径上的长度之和，小于所述金属件(50)在平行于第二部分(312)的延伸路径上的长度。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电子设备(100)，其特征在于，所述金属件(50)上设置的通孔(51)在平行于所述第二部分(312)的延伸路径上的长度之和，小于所述NFC天线(30)的波长的千分之五。
  5. 根据权利要求2-4任一项所述的电子设备(100)，其特征在于，所述通孔(51)内填充有绝缘材料。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的电子设备(100)，其特征在于，所述NFC线圈(31)还包括沿自身周向排列的第三部分(313)和第四部分(314)；
    沿所述NFC线圈(31)的周向，所述第三部分(313)和所述第一部分(311)分别连接于所述第二部分(312)的相对两端，所述第三部分(313)位于所述金属件(50)在所述NFC线圈(31)所处平面的正投影外，并围绕所述金属件(50)在所述NFC线圈(31)所处平面的正投影设置；
    沿所述NFC线圈(31)的周向，所述第二部分(312)和所述第四部分(314)分别连接于所述第三部分(313)的相对两端，所述第四部分(314)穿过所述金属件(50)在所述NFC线圈(31)所处平面的正投影。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的电子设备(100)，其特征在于，所述NFC线圈(31)还具有第二侧(B)，所述第一侧(A)和所述第二侧(B)分别为所述NFC线圈(31)所处平面的相对两侧；
    所述NFC天线(30)还包括隔磁片(33)，所述隔磁片(33)设置于所述NFC线圈(31)的第二侧(B)，且所述隔磁片(33)与所述NFC线圈(31)所处平面层叠设置，所述NFC线圈(31)在所述隔磁片(33)上的正投影位于所述隔磁片(33)内，所述隔磁片用于增大第一侧(A)的磁场强度，使得所述NFC天线(30)具有信号收发方向性。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电子设备(100)，其特征在于，所述隔磁片(33)为铁 氧体。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的电子设备(100)，其特征在于，还包括电路板(32)，所述NFC线圈(31)为设置于所述电路板(32)上的金属层。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的电子设备(100)，其特征在于，所述金属件(50)为摄像头装饰盖；
    电子设备(100)还包括背盖(21)，所述金属件(50)安装于所述背盖(21)上，所述NFC线圈(31)位于所述背盖(21)的内侧。
  11. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的电子设备(100)，其特征在于，所述金属件(50)为表盘；
    所述电子设备(100)还包括透光盖板(72)，所述金属件(50)和所述NFC线圈(31)位于所述透光盖板(72)的内侧，且所述金属件(50)位于所述NFC线圈(31)与所述透光盖板(72)之间。
  12. 一种电子设备(100)，其特征在于，包括NFC天线(30)和金属件(50)；
    所述NFC天线(30)包括NFC线圈(31)，所述NFC线圈(31)为平面线圈，所述NFC线圈(31)具有第一侧(A)，所述第一侧(A)为所述NFC线圈(31)所处平面的一侧；
    所述金属件(50)位于所述第一侧(A)，所述NFC线圈(31)包括沿自身周向排列的第一部分(311)和第二部分(312)，所述第一部分(311)位于所述金属件(50)在所述NFC线圈(31)所处平面的正投影外，并围绕所述金属件(50)在所述NFC线圈(31)所处平面的正投影设置，所述第二部分(312)穿过所述金属件(50)在所述NFC线圈(31)所处平面的正投影；
    所述金属件(50)上设有通槽(52)，所述通槽(52)在所述NFC线圈(31)所处平面的正投影与所述第二部分(312)交叠，以使所述第二部分(312)露出，且所述通槽(52)沿平行于所述第二部分(312)的延伸路径的至少一端贯穿金属件(50)的边缘。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电子设备(100)，其特征在于，所述金属件(50)上设置的通槽(52)在平行于所述第二部分(312)的延伸路径上的长度之和，小于所述金属件(50)在平行于第二部分(312)的延伸路径上的长度。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的电子设备(100)，其特征在于，所述金属件(50)上设置的通槽(52)在平行于所述第二部分(312)的延伸路径上的长度之和，小于所述NFC天线(30)的波长的千分之五。
  15. 根据权利要求12-14任一项所述的电子设备(100)，其特征在于，所述通槽(52)内填充有绝缘材料。
  16. 根据权利要求12-15任一项所述的电子设备(100)，其特征在于，所述NFC线圈(31)还包括沿自身周向排列的第三部分(313)和第四部分(314)；
    沿所述NFC线圈(31)的周向，所述第三部分(313)和所述第一部分(311)分别连接于所述第二部分(312)的相对两端，所述第三部分(313)位于所述金属件(50)在所述NFC线圈(31)所处平面的正投影外，并围绕所述金属件(50)在所述NFC线圈(31)所处平面的正投影设置；
    沿所述NFC线圈(31)的周向，所述第二部分(312)和所述第四部分(314)分别连接于所述第三部分(313)的相对两端，所述第四部分(314)穿过所述金属件(50)在所述NFC线圈(31)所处平面的正投影。
  17. 根据权利要求12-16任一项所述的电子设备(100)，其特征在于，所述NFC线圈(31)还具有第二侧(B)，所述第一侧(A)和所述第二侧(B)分别为所述NFC线圈(31)所处平面的相对两侧；
    所述NFC天线(30)还包括隔磁片(33)，所述隔磁片(33)设置于所述NFC线圈(31)的第二侧(B)，且所述隔磁片(33)与所述NFC线圈(31)所处平面层叠设置，所述NFC线圈(31)在所述隔磁片(33)上的正投影位于所述隔磁片(33)内，所述隔磁片用于增大第一侧(A)的磁场强度，使得所述NFC天线(30)具有信号收发方向性。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的电子设备(100)，其特征在于，所述隔磁片(33)为铁氧体。
  19. 根据权利要求12-18任一项所述的电子设备(100)，其特征在于，还包括电路板(32)，所述NFC线圈(31)为设置于所述电路板(32)上的金属层。
  20. 根据权利要求12-19任一项所述的电子设备(100)，其特征在于，所述金属件(50)为摄像头装饰盖；
    电子设备(100)还包括背盖(21)，所述金属件(50)安装于所述背盖(21)上，所述NFC线圈(31)位于所述背盖(21)的内侧。
  21. 根据权利要求12-19任一项所述的电子设备(100)，其特征在于，所述金属件(50)为表盘；
    所述电子设备(100)还包括透光盖板(72)，所述金属件(50)和所述NFC线圈(31)位于所述透光盖板(72)的内侧，且所述金属件(50)位于所述NFC线圈(31)与所述透光盖板(72)之间。
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