WO2022206713A1 - Method and device for heating formation water directionallay and quantitatively in delayed manner - Google Patents
Method and device for heating formation water directionallay and quantitatively in delayed manner Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022206713A1 WO2022206713A1 PCT/CN2022/083517 CN2022083517W WO2022206713A1 WO 2022206713 A1 WO2022206713 A1 WO 2022206713A1 CN 2022083517 W CN2022083517 W CN 2022083517W WO 2022206713 A1 WO2022206713 A1 WO 2022206713A1
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- Prior art keywords
- heating
- horizontal well
- formation water
- angle
- screen
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000008398 formation water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B36/00—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
- E21B36/04—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones using electrical heaters
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
- E21B43/2401—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection by means of electricity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
Definitions
- the method and the device are suitable for mining mineral resources by heating the formation water in the energy industry.
- the heat loss of the method of heating formation water is concentrated in the heat loss of heating the formation below the plane where the horizontal well is located, accounting for about 1/2 of the total output energy.
- a method for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water which is characterized in that, according to the designed distance h of the horizontal section of the heating horizontal well from the overlying mineral resource reservoir, the well depth , 1/2 the well spacing r of the heating horizontal well, and the horizontal well heater and the horizontal well heater.
- the thermal conductivity characteristics of the water layer design the ⁇ angle structure and heat insulation system on the slotted screen of the horizontal well heater, and then select the horizontal well heater containing this structure to heat the formation water, and directionally and quantitatively heat the formation water and mineral resources above the horizontal well. It delays heating the formation water within the ⁇ angle range, and prevents the heating horizontal well from transferring thermal energy to the lower water layer, thereby improving the thermal effect of the heating horizontal well and the ratio of output value to energy consumption for mining mineral resources.
- ⁇ artan (h well depth /r)
- h well depth is the distance between the horizontal section of the heated horizontal well and the overlying mineral resource reservoir
- r is 1 /2 heating well spacing
- the apex angle of angle ⁇ is set at the center of the slotted screen 6, with the center line perpendicular to the diameter of one side of the ⁇ angle as the symmetry axis, symmetrically distributed from left to right, forming two intersecting lines with the slot (13) ; Taking the intersection line as the dividing line, one side of the screen tube containing the ⁇ angle is not cut, and the other side of the screen tube that does not contain the ⁇ angle is cut; the side of the screen tube cut is facing the mineral resource reservoir.
- a heat insulating layer (9) is arranged on the surface of the heat insulating plate of the horizontal well heater, and a heat insulating plate bracket (7) is arranged between the heat insulating plate and the unslit screen pipe wall.
- the water area 6 within the range of ( ⁇ -2 ⁇ ) is preferentially heated and vaporized, and the ⁇ angle is heated and vaporized.
- the water area 7 within the control range is outside the heat radiation range of the horizontal well heater, and the water body 8 at the high position will gradually make up for the water level of the vaporized water body in the water area 6 and be heated with a delay.
- a horizontal well electric heater for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water the heat insulation system included in its structure comprises: a heat insulation plate (4) is arranged in a slotted screen tube, and is sealedly connected with the slotted screen tube at the intersection; The sealing plate 5 seals the insulating plate and the cavity formed by the unslit screen.
- a horizontal well electric heater for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water includes, but is not limited to, a heating coil 2, which is fixed on the heat insulation board on the side of the slit of the screen pipe.
- a waterproof, abrasion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant thermal insulation layer is provided on the outside of the unslit area of the screen tube8; .
- the horizontal well electric heater for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water is provided with a reflective, corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant heat insulating layer on the surface of the heat shield plate9.
- a horizontal well electric heater for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water, and a heat shield pillar 7 is fixed between the heat shield and the uncut area of the screen.
- the horizontal well electric heater for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water, the heat insulation board pillars have the function of heat insulation, and are arranged longitudinally along the horizontal well.
- Horizontal well electric heater for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water, heat insulation plate, unslotted screen tube and sealing plate 5 at both ends of the screen tube are sealed and connected to form a vacuum chamber, wherein the sealing plate has the functions of corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and heat insulation.
- a horizontal well electric heater for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water a heating coil bracket with a vertical horizontal section fixed on the heat insulation plate, waterproof, anti-corrosion and heat insulation function 3.
- a horizontal well electric heater for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water and the heating coil is fixed on the heat shield together with the heating coil.
- the heating coil is connected to the power supply through wires and switches.
- the heating coil adjusts the current in the coil through the slip resistance.
- the coils are connected to each other in series, or in parallel, or in a combination of series and parallel.
- the coil connection method is direct connection, or connection with high temperature resistant underwater cable or wire.
- the horizontal well electric heater for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water has a built-in iron core, and the heating coil and the iron core are fixed on the heat insulation board through the coil bracket.
- the slit (11) of the screen pipe is in the shape of a long strip or a round hole, which is not limited to the above shape.
- the heating coil can be powered by direct current or alternating current.
- the iron rod in the coil is a soft iron rod.
- the iron rod in the coil is a steel rod containing iron, nickel and cobalt.
- the water in the water layer can be natural formation water; artificial water injection; or a combination of the two.
- the overlying mineral resource reservoir can be any formation to be heated, not limited to oil and gas formations, coal formations, and hydrocarbon source rock formations.
- the h well depth is the minimum depth of the horizontal well heater from the bottom surface of the overlying mineral resource reservoir.
- the ⁇ structure of the slotted screen tube and the design of the heat insulation system directly limit the heat radiation energy of the heating coil within the range of ( ⁇ - 2 ⁇ ) angle.
- the heat loss that accounts for the total output heat energy of [( ⁇ +2 ⁇ )/2 ⁇ ] can be blocked.
- the energy saving exceeds 1/2; through the ⁇ angle design, the water body within the ( ⁇ -2 ⁇ ) angle Priority heating, the water body within the ⁇ range gradually replenishes the water body evaporated within the ( ⁇ -2 ⁇ ) angle range; the water body within the ⁇ range is delayed to be heated, reducing the formation water preheating time and the heat loss in the production process.
- Figure 1 Schematic diagram of energy-saving principle of ⁇ angle structure design of slotted screen.
- Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the energy saving principle of heating the water layer by directional and quantitative delayed heating of horizontal wells.
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of an electric heater for heating a horizontal well.
- Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a longitudinal section of an electric heater for heating a horizontal well.
- bottom water oil and gas reservoirs For bottom water oil and gas reservoirs, the bottom water is developed, and the bottom water vapor is used to drive oil and gas, and the production effect is the best after the implementation of the present invention.
- design suitable horizontal well heater slits The ⁇ angle structure and heat insulation system on the screen tube, and then the horizontal well heater including this structure is selected, and it is placed at the depth of h well from the overlying mineral resource reservoir, and starts to heat the formation water.
- oil and gas reservoir edge/bottom water resources to extract oil and gas can break through the current bottleneck of oil and gas development. Without energy-saving design conditions, the oil and gas recovery rate can reach 81 ⁇ 86%, and the cost of electricity per ton of oil is 950 ⁇ 1194 yuan / ton.
- the energy consumption per ton of oil is 66.6 ⁇ 83.7 ⁇ 10 5 kJ/t, the average oil recovery rate in the whole production stage can reach 6.23 ⁇ 7.8, and the average oil recovery rate in the oil production stage is 10 ⁇ 14.3%.
- the heat loss of the method of heating formation water is concentrated in the heat loss of heating the formation below the plane where the horizontal well is located, accounting for about 1/2 of the total output energy.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- General Induction Heating (AREA)
Abstract
A method for heating formation water. The formation water is heated, by using a horizontal well heater that has a special structural design, in such a way that the water course above a horizontal well is heated directionally and quantitatively in a delayed manner, which prevents heat energy from being transferred downwards so as to reduce the mining energy consumption of mineral resources. The horizontal well electric heater structurally comprises: an α-angle structure of a slotted screen pipe, a heat insulation system and a heating system, wherein α = arctan(hwell depth/r), hwell depth is the distance from a horizontal section of the heating horizontal well to an overlying mineral resource reservoir, and r is 1/2 of the well distance of the heating well.
Description
本方法及设备，适用于能源行业中通过加热地层水方法进行矿产资源开采。The method and the device are suitable for mining mineral resources by heating the formation water in the energy industry.
节能、减排、增效，是目前能源行业中势在必行的创新目标。通过理论及数模验证，利用油气藏边/底水资源开采油气方法能够突破目前油气开采陷入瓶颈的现状，在无节能设计条件下，油气采收率可达81~86%，吨油电费成本950~1194元/吨，吨油能耗66.6~83.7×10
5kJ/t，整个生产阶段平均采油速度可达6.23~7.8，采油阶段平均采油速度10~14.3%。
Energy conservation, emission reduction, and efficiency enhancement are imperative innovation goals in the current energy industry. Through theoretical and numerical verification, the method of exploiting oil and gas at the edge/bottom water resources of oil and gas reservoirs can break through the current bottleneck of oil and gas exploitation. Without energy-saving design conditions, the oil and gas recovery rate can reach 81-86%, and the cost of electricity per ton of oil can be increased. 950~1194 yuan/ton, the energy consumption per ton of oil is 66.6~83.7×10 5 kJ/t, the average oil recovery rate in the whole production stage can reach 6.23~7.8, and the average oil recovery rate in the oil production stage is 10~14.3%.
加热地层水方法热损失集中体现在加热水平井所在平面下方地层的热损失，约占1/2总输出能量。通过加热水平井结构设计节能，理论上可将向下传递热能节约出来，吨油能耗可降低至33.3~427×10
5kJ/t。
The heat loss of the method of heating formation water is concentrated in the heat loss of heating the formation below the plane where the horizontal well is located, accounting for about 1/2 of the total output energy. By heating the horizontal well structure design to save energy, in theory, the downward transfer heat energy can be saved, and the energy consumption per ton of oil can be reduced to 33.3~427×10 5 kJ/t.
CN201480001286.3水平井电加热油藏边底水层热采方法，公开了一种用于加热地层水的电加热器结构。这种结构，理论上可以节约至少1/3热能损耗。但这种结构，存在致命缺点是，筛管外侧没有隔热层，电热通过筛管导热，可以向下传递，隔热效果差。CN201480001286.3 The thermal recovery method of the edge and bottom water layer of the horizontal well electric heating oil reservoir, which discloses an electric heater structure for heating formation water. This structure can theoretically save at least 1/3 heat loss. However, this structure has the fatal disadvantage that there is no heat insulation layer on the outside of the screen tube, and the electric heat is conducted through the screen tube and can be transmitted downward, and the heat insulation effect is poor.
一种定向定量延迟加热地层水方法，其特征是，根据已设计的加热水平井水平段距上覆矿产资源储层的距离h
井深、1/2加热水平井井距r及水平井加热器和水层导热特性，设计水平井加热器割缝筛管上的α角结构及隔热***，然后选用包含该结构的水平井加热器加热地层水，定向定量加热水平井上方地层水及矿产资源储层，延迟加热α角范围内地层水，阻隔加热水平井向下方水层传递热能，以此提高加热水平井的热效应及开采矿产资源的产值与能耗比。
A method for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water, which is characterized in that, according to the designed distance h of the horizontal section of the heating horizontal well from the overlying mineral resource reservoir, the well depth , 1/2 the well spacing r of the heating horizontal well, and the horizontal well heater and the horizontal well heater. The thermal conductivity characteristics of the water layer, design the α angle structure and heat insulation system on the slotted screen of the horizontal well heater, and then select the horizontal well heater containing this structure to heat the formation water, and directionally and quantitatively heat the formation water and mineral resources above the horizontal well. It delays heating the formation water within the α angle range, and prevents the heating horizontal well from transferring thermal energy to the lower water layer, thereby improving the thermal effect of the heating horizontal well and the ratio of output value to energy consumption for mining mineral resources.
定向定量延迟加热地层水方法，其割缝筛管的α角结构中，α=arctan(h
井深/r)，h
井深为加热水平井水平段距上覆矿产资源储层的距离，r为1/2加热井井距；α角顶角设在割缝筛管⑥圆心处，以垂直于α角一边所在直径的中线为对称轴，左右对称分布，与割缝形成2条交线（13）；以交线为分界线，包含α角的筛管一侧不割缝，不包含α角的另一侧筛管割缝；筛管割缝一侧正对矿产资源储层。
For the method of directional quantitative delayed heating of formation water, in the α angle structure of the slotted screen, α=arctan (h well depth /r), h well depth is the distance between the horizontal section of the heated horizontal well and the overlying mineral resource reservoir, and r is 1 /2 heating well spacing; the apex angle of angle α is set at the center of the slotted screen ⑥, with the center line perpendicular to the diameter of one side of the α angle as the symmetry axis, symmetrically distributed from left to right, forming two intersecting lines with the slot (13) ; Taking the intersection line as the dividing line, one side of the screen tube containing the α angle is not cut, and the other side of the screen tube that does not contain the α angle is cut; the side of the screen tube cut is facing the mineral resource reservoir.
所述水平井加热器隔热板上表面设有隔热层（⑨），与未割缝的筛管壁之间设置隔热板支架（⑦）。A heat insulating layer (⑨) is arranged on the surface of the heat insulating plate of the horizontal well heater, and a heat insulating plate bracket (⑦) is arranged between the heat insulating plate and the unslit screen pipe wall.
所述的一种定向定量延迟加热地层水方法，利用包含α角及隔热***结构设计的水平井加热器加热地层水时，（π－2α）范围内的水域6优先被加热汽化，α角控制范围内的水域7在水平井加热器热辐射范围外，其高部位水体8会逐渐弥补水域6汽化水体水位，延迟被加热。In the method for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water, when the formation water is heated by a horizontal well heater including an α angle and a thermal insulation system structure design, the water area 6 within the range of (π-2α) is preferentially heated and vaporized, and the α angle is heated and vaporized. The water area 7 within the control range is outside the heat radiation range of the horizontal well heater, and the water body 8 at the high position will gradually make up for the water level of the vaporized water body in the water area 6 and be heated with a delay.
一种定向定量延迟加热地层水的水平井电加热器，其结构包含：割缝筛管的α角结构、隔热***及加热***，其中，所述割缝筛管的α角结构，α=arctan(h
井深/r)，h
井深为加热水平井水平段距上覆矿产资源储层的距离，r为1/2加热井井距；α角顶角设在割缝筛管⑥圆心处，以垂直于α角一边所在直径的中线为对称轴，左右对称分布，与割缝形成2条交线（13）；以交线为分界线，包含α角一侧筛管不割缝，不包含α角的（π－2α）正对的筛管弧段割缝。
A horizontal well electric heater for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water, the structure of which comprises: an α angle structure of a slotted screen tube, a heat insulation system and a heating system, wherein, the α angle structure of the slotted screen tube, α= arctan (h well depth /r), h well depth is the distance between the horizontal section of the heating horizontal well and the overlying mineral resource reservoir, r is the 1/2 heating well spacing; the apex angle of the α angle is set at the center of the slotted screen ⑥ circle, Taking the center line perpendicular to the diameter of one side of the α angle as the symmetry axis, the left and right are symmetrically distributed, and two intersecting lines (13) are formed with the slit; The arc section of the screen tube opposite to the angle α (π-2α) is cut.
一种定向定量延迟加热地层水的水平井电加热器，其结构包含的所述隔热***，包括：隔热板④设置在割缝筛管内，与割缝筛管在交线处密封连接；密封板⑤将隔热板与未割缝筛管形成的空腔密封。A horizontal well electric heater for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water, the heat insulation system included in its structure comprises: a heat insulation plate (4) is arranged in a slotted screen tube, and is sealedly connected with the slotted screen tube at the intersection; The sealing plate ⑤ seals the insulating plate and the cavity formed by the unslit screen.
一种定向定量延迟加热地层水的水平井电加热器，其结构包含的所述加热***包含，但不限于加热线圈②，在筛管割缝一侧，固定在所述隔热板上。A horizontal well electric heater for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water, the heating system included in its structure includes, but is not limited to, a heating coil ②, which is fixed on the heat insulation board on the side of the slit of the screen pipe.
定向定量延迟加热地层水的水平井电加热器，其筛管未割缝区外侧设置防水、耐磨蚀且耐高温的隔热层⑧；筛管未割缝区内侧设置耐高温隔热层⑩。For the horizontal well electric heater for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water, a waterproof, abrasion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant thermal insulation layer is provided on the outside of the unslit area of the screen tube⑧; .
定向定量延迟加热地层水的水平井电加热器，其隔热板上表面附反光、耐腐蚀且耐高温的隔热层⑨。The horizontal well electric heater for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water is provided with a reflective, corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant heat insulating layer on the surface of the heat shield plate⑨.
定向定量延迟加热地层水的水平井电加热器，在隔热板与筛管未割缝区之间固定隔热板支柱⑦。A horizontal well electric heater for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water, and a heat shield pillar ⑦ is fixed between the heat shield and the uncut area of the screen.
定向定量延迟加热地层水的水平井电加热器，隔热板支柱具有隔热功能，沿水平井纵向排列的。The horizontal well electric heater for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water, the heat insulation board pillars have the function of heat insulation, and are arranged longitudinally along the horizontal well.
定向定量延迟加热地层水的水平井电加热器，隔热板、未割缝筛管及筛管两端密封板⑤密封连接，形成真空腔，其中密封板具有耐腐蚀、耐高温隔热功能。Horizontal well electric heater for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water, heat insulation plate, unslotted screen tube and sealing plate ⑤ at both ends of the screen tube are sealed and connected to form a vacuum chamber, wherein the sealing plate has the functions of corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and heat insulation.
定向定量延迟加热地层水的水平井电加热器，隔热板上固定垂直水平段的、具防水的、防腐蚀且具隔热功能的加热线圈支架③。A horizontal well electric heater for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water, a heating coil bracket with a vertical horizontal section fixed on the heat insulation plate, waterproof, anti-corrosion and heat insulation function ③.
定向定量延迟加热地层水的水平井电加热器，加热线圈与加热线圈一起固定在隔热板上。A horizontal well electric heater for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water, and the heating coil is fixed on the heat shield together with the heating coil.
加热线圈通过导线、开关与电源连接。The heating coil is connected to the power supply through wires and switches.
加热线圈通过滑变电阻调整线圈中电流大小。The heating coil adjusts the current in the coil through the slip resistance.
线圈以串联、或并联、或者串并联组合方式相互连接。The coils are connected to each other in series, or in parallel, or in a combination of series and parallel.
线圈连接方式为直接连接，或者以耐高温水下电缆或导线连接。The coil connection method is direct connection, or connection with high temperature resistant underwater cable or wire.
定向定量延迟加热地层水的水平井电加热器，加热线圈内置铁芯，加热线圈与铁芯通过线圈支架固定在隔热板上。The horizontal well electric heater for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water, the heating coil has a built-in iron core, and the heating coil and the iron core are fixed on the heat insulation board through the coil bracket.
定向定量延迟加热地层水的水平井电加热器，筛管割缝（11）为长条形状，或者圆孔形状，不限于上述形状。In the horizontal well electric heater for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water, the slit (11) of the screen pipe is in the shape of a long strip or a round hole, which is not limited to the above shape.
加热线圈可通直流电或者交流电。The heating coil can be powered by direct current or alternating current.
通交流电，线圈中的铁棒用软铁棒。With alternating current, the iron rod in the coil is a soft iron rod.
通直流电，线圈中的铁棒用含铁镍钴的钢棒。Direct current is applied, and the iron rod in the coil is a steel rod containing iron, nickel and cobalt.
水层中的水可以是天然地层水；可以是人工注水；或者二者混合。The water in the water layer can be natural formation water; artificial water injection; or a combination of the two.
上覆矿产资源储层可以是任何欲加热地层，不限于油气层、煤层、烃源岩层。The overlying mineral resource reservoir can be any formation to be heated, not limited to oil and gas formations, coal formations, and hydrocarbon source rock formations.
h
井深为水平井加热器距上覆矿产资源储层底面最小深度。
The h well depth is the minimum depth of the horizontal well heater from the bottom surface of the overlying mineral resource reservoir.
割缝筛管的α结构及隔热***设计，将加热线圈热辐射能量直接限制在(π-2α)角度范围内，以地层界面处4r为底边，h
井深为高度的三棱柱水体及上方油气层内，可阻隔占总输出热能为 [(π+2α）/2π]的热损失，当α≥0时，节能超1/2；通过α角设计，(π-2α)角度范围内水体优先加热，α范围内的水体渐次补充(π-2α)角度范围内蒸发掉的水体；α范围内的水体延迟被加热，减少地层水预热时间及生产过程中的热能损耗。
The α structure of the slotted screen tube and the design of the heat insulation system directly limit the heat radiation energy of the heating coil within the range of (π- 2α ) angle. In the oil and gas layer, the heat loss that accounts for the total output heat energy of [(π+2α)/2π] can be blocked. When α≥0, the energy saving exceeds 1/2; through the α angle design, the water body within the (π-2α) angle Priority heating, the water body within the α range gradually replenishes the water body evaporated within the (π-2α) angle range; the water body within the α range is delayed to be heated, reducing the formation water preheating time and the heat loss in the production process.
附图1 割缝筛管α角结构设计节能原理示意图。Figure 1 Schematic diagram of energy-saving principle of α angle structure design of slotted screen.
附图2 加热水平井定向定量延迟加热水层节能原理示意图。Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the energy saving principle of heating the water layer by directional and quantitative delayed heating of horizontal wells.
1.矿产资源储层；2.水层；3.资源储层与水层分界面；4.加热水平井所在平面；5.加热水平井；6.加热水平井热直接辐射区域；7.筛管结构中α角控制水体，α=arctan(h
井深/2r)，该区域水体为热辐射未波及区；8.该区域水体补充到6区域，补充水位；9.1/2加热水平井井距；10.水平井段距上覆地层底面垂直深度。
1. Mineral resource reservoir; 2. Water layer; 3. Interface between resource reservoir and water layer; 4. The plane where the horizontal well is heated; 5. The horizontal well is heated; The α angle in the pipe structure controls the water body, α=arctan (h well depth /2r), the water body in this area is the unswept area of thermal radiation; 8. The water body in this area is supplemented to the 6th area, and the water level is supplemented; 9.1/2 heating horizontal well spacing; 10. The vertical depth of the horizontal well section from the bottom of the overlying strata.
附图3 加热水平井电加热器横剖面结构示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of an electric heater for heating a horizontal well.
附图4加热水平井电加热器纵剖面结构示意图。Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a longitudinal section of an electric heater for heating a horizontal well.
①铁芯；②加热线圈；③线圈支架；④隔热板；⑤密封板；⑥割缝筛管；⑦隔热板支柱；⑧筛管外隔热层；⑨隔热板上隔热层；⑩筛管内隔热层；⑾ 筛管割缝；⑿ 被隔热板、筛管未割缝区及密封板封闭的空腔；⒀ 虚线表示水平及垂直方向、α角两边及与割缝筛管交线。①Iron core; ②Heating coil; ③Coil support; ④Insulation plate; ⑩ Insulation layer in the screen; ⑾ Slotting of the screen; ⑿ The cavity closed by the heat insulation board, the unslotted area of the screen and the sealing plate; cross line.
注：图中示例不代表实际尺寸和比例，只表示各结构之间的相互关系。Note: The example in the figure does not represent the actual size and proportion, but only the relationship between the structures.
对于底水油气藏，底水发育，利用底水蒸汽驱开采油气，本发明实施后生产效果最佳。For bottom water oil and gas reservoirs, the bottom water is developed, and the bottom water vapor is used to drive oil and gas, and the production effect is the best after the implementation of the present invention.
根据已设计的加热水平井水平段距上覆矿产资源储层的距离h
井深、1/2加热水平井井距r及水平井加热器和水层导热特性，设计合适的水平井加热器割缝筛管上的α角结构及隔热***，然后选用包含该结构的水平井加热器，将其放置在距上覆矿产资源储层h
井深位置，开始加热地层水，通过控压稳压方式至地层水沸腾，然后开采矿产资源，直至生产结束。
According to the designed distance h between the horizontal section of the heated horizontal well and the overlying mineral resource reservoir, well depth , 1/2 the well spacing r of the heated horizontal well, and the thermal conductivity of the horizontal well heater and the water layer, design suitable horizontal well heater slits The α angle structure and heat insulation system on the screen tube, and then the horizontal well heater including this structure is selected, and it is placed at the depth of h well from the overlying mineral resource reservoir, and starts to heat the formation water. The formation water boils and the mineral resources are mined until the end of production.
利用油气藏边/底水资源开采油气方法能够突破目前油气开采陷入瓶颈的现状，在无节能设计条件下，油气采收率可达81~86%，吨油电费成本950~1194元/吨，吨油能耗66.6~83.7×10
5kJ/t，整个生产阶段平均采油速度可达6.23~7.8，采油阶段平均采油速度10~14.3%。
The use of oil and gas reservoir edge/bottom water resources to extract oil and gas can break through the current bottleneck of oil and gas development. Without energy-saving design conditions, the oil and gas recovery rate can reach 81~86%, and the cost of electricity per ton of oil is 950~1194 yuan / ton. The energy consumption per ton of oil is 66.6~83.7×10 5 kJ/t, the average oil recovery rate in the whole production stage can reach 6.23~7.8, and the average oil recovery rate in the oil production stage is 10~14.3%.
加热地层水方法热损失集中体现在加热水平井所在平面下方地层的热损失，约占1/2总输出能量。通过加热水平井结构设计节能，理论上可将向下传递热能节约出来，吨油能耗可降低至33.3~427×10
5kJ/t。
The heat loss of the method of heating formation water is concentrated in the heat loss of heating the formation below the plane where the horizontal well is located, accounting for about 1/2 of the total output energy. By heating the horizontal well structure design to save energy, in theory, the downward transfer heat energy can be saved, and the energy consumption per ton of oil can be reduced to 33.3~427×10 5 kJ/t.
Claims (14)
- 一种定向定量延迟加热地层水方法，其特征是，根据已设计的加热水平井水平段距上覆矿产资源储层的距离h 井深、1/2加热水平井井距r及水平井加热器和水层导热特性，设计水平井加热器割缝筛管上的α角结构及隔热***，然后选用包含该结构的水平井加热器加热地层水，定向定量加热水平井上方地层水及矿产资源储层，延迟加热α角范围内地层水，阻隔加热水平井向下方水层传递热能，以此提高加热水平井的热效应及开采矿产资源的产值与能耗比。 A method for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water, which is characterized in that, according to the designed distance h of the horizontal section of the heating horizontal well from the overlying mineral resource reservoir, the well depth , 1/2 the well spacing r of the heating horizontal well, and the horizontal well heater and the horizontal well heater. The thermal conductivity characteristics of the water layer, design the α angle structure and heat insulation system on the slotted screen of the horizontal well heater, and then select the horizontal well heater containing this structure to heat the formation water, and directionally and quantitatively heat the formation water and mineral resources above the horizontal well. It delays heating the formation water within the α angle range, and prevents the heating horizontal well from transferring thermal energy to the lower water layer, thereby improving the thermal effect of the heating horizontal well and the ratio of output value to energy consumption for mining mineral resources.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种定向定量延迟加热地层水方法，其特征是，所述的割缝筛管的α角结构，其中，A method for directional quantitative delayed heating of formation water according to claim 1, wherein, the α angle structure of the slotted screen tube, wherein,α=arctan(h 井深/r)，h 井深为加热水平井水平段距上覆矿产资源储层的距离，r为1/2加热井井距； α=arctan(h well depth /r), h well depth is the distance between the horizontal section of the heating horizontal well and the overlying mineral resource reservoir, and r is the 1/2 heating well spacing;α角顶角设在割缝筛管⑥圆心处，以垂直于α角一边所在直径的中线为对称轴，左右对称分布，与割缝形成2条交线（13）；The apex angle of the α angle is set at the center of the slotted screen ⑥, with the center line perpendicular to the diameter of one side of the α angle as the symmetry axis, and is symmetrically distributed to the left and right, forming two lines of intersection with the slot (13);以交线为分界线，包含α角的筛管一侧不割缝，不包含α角的另一侧筛管割缝；Taking the intersection line as the dividing line, one side of the screen tube that contains the α angle is not cut, and the other side of the screen tube that does not contain the α angle is cut;筛管割缝一侧正对矿产资源储层。The slit side of the screen is facing the mineral resource reservoir.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种定向定量延迟加热地层水方法，其特征是，水平井加热器隔热***包含：筛管未割缝区设置内壁隔热层（⑩）和外壁隔热层（⑧）、隔热板（④）、加热线圈支架（③）、由隔热板、密封板⑤及筛管未割缝区封闭的真空腔（12）。A method for directional quantitative delayed heating of formation water according to claim 1, characterized in that, the horizontal well heater thermal insulation system comprises: an inner wall thermal insulation layer (⑩) and an outer wall thermal insulation layer ( ⑧), heat insulation board (④), heating coil support (③), vacuum chamber (12) closed by heat insulation board, sealing plate ⑤ and the uncut area of the screen pipe.
- 根据权利要求3所述的一种定向定量延迟加热地层水方法，其特征是，水井加热器隔热板上表面设有隔热层（⑨），与未割缝的筛管壁之间设置隔热板支架（⑦）。A method for directional quantitative delayed heating of formation water according to claim 3, characterized in that, a heat insulating layer (⑨) is provided on the surface of the heat insulating plate of the well heater, and a spacer is provided between the wall of the screen pipe without slits Hot plate holder (⑦).
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种定向定量延迟加热地层水方法，其特征是，利用包含α角及隔热***结构设计的水平井加热器加热地层水时，（π－2α）范围内的水域6优先被加热汽化，α角控制范围内的水域7在水平井加热器热辐射范围外，其高部位水体8会逐渐弥补水域6汽化水体水位，延迟被加热。A method for directional quantitative delayed heating of formation water according to claim 1, characterized in that when the formation water is heated by a horizontal well heater including an α angle and a thermal insulation system structure design, the water area within the range of (π-2α) 6 is preferentially heated and vaporized, and the water area 7 within the control range of the α angle is outside the heat radiation range of the horizontal well heater, and the water body 8 at its high position will gradually make up for the water level of the vaporized water body in the water area 6, and be heated with a delay.
- 一种定向定量延迟加热地层水的水平井电加热器，其特征是，水平井加热器结构包含：割缝筛管的α角结构、隔热***及加热***，其中，A horizontal well electric heater for directional and quantitative delayed heating of formation water, characterized in that the structure of the horizontal well heater comprises: an α angle structure of a slotted screen, a heat insulation system and a heating system, wherein,所述割缝筛管的α角结构，The α angle structure of the slotted screen tube,α=arctan(h 井深/r)，h 井深为加热水平井水平段距上覆矿产资源储层的距离，r为1/2加热井井距； α=arctan(h well depth /r), h well depth is the distance between the horizontal section of the heating horizontal well and the overlying mineral resource reservoir, and r is the 1/2 heating well spacing;α角顶角设在割缝筛管⑥圆心处，以垂直于α角一边所在直径的中线为对称轴，左右对称分布，与割缝形成2条交线（13）；The apex angle of the α angle is set at the center of the slotted screen ⑥, with the center line perpendicular to the diameter of one side of the α angle as the symmetry axis, and is symmetrically distributed to the left and right, forming two lines of intersection with the slot (13);以交线为分界线，包含α角一侧筛管不割缝，不包含α角的（π－2α）正对的筛管弧段割缝；Taking the intersection line as the dividing line, the screen tube on one side of the α angle is not cut, and the screen tube arc section on the opposite side of the α angle (π-2α) is not included;所述隔热***，包括：The thermal insulation system includes:隔热板④设置在割缝筛管内，与割缝筛管在交线处密封连接；The heat insulation plate ④ is arranged in the slotted screen tube, and is sealedly connected with the slotted screen tube at the intersection;密封板⑤将隔热板与未割缝筛管形成的空腔（12）密封；The sealing plate ⑤ seals the insulating plate and the cavity (12) formed by the unslit screen;所述加热***，包含但不限于加热线圈②，在筛管割缝段一侧，固定在所述隔热板上。The heating system, including but not limited to the heating coil ②, is fixed on the heat insulation board on the side of the slit section of the screen tube.
- 根据权利要求6所述的一种定向定量延迟加热地层水的水平井电加热器，其特征是，A horizontal well electric heater for directional quantitative delayed heating of formation water according to claim 6, characterized in that:筛管未割缝区外侧设置防水、耐磨蚀且耐高温的隔热层⑧；A waterproof, abrasion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant thermal insulation layer is provided on the outside of the unslit area of the screen tube⑧;筛管未割缝区内侧设置耐高温隔热层⑩。The inner side of the unslit area of the screen pipe is provided with a high temperature resistant thermal insulation layer⑩.
- 根据权利要求6所述的一种定向定量延迟加热地层水的水平井电加热器，其特征是，隔热板与筛管呈同心圆排列，隔热板两端弯曲，与筛管割缝分界处密封连接；The horizontal well electric heater for directional quantitative delayed heating of formation water according to claim 6, characterized in that the heat insulating plate and the screen pipe are arranged in concentric circles, the two ends of the heat insulating plate are curved, and the boundary with the screen pipe is cut. sealed connection;隔热板上表面附反光、耐腐蚀且耐高温的隔热层⑨；A reflective, corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant thermal insulation layer is attached on the surface of the thermal insulation board⑨;在隔热板与筛管未割缝区之间固定隔热板支柱⑦。Fix the insulation board support ⑦ between the insulation board and the unslit area of the screen pipe.
- 根据权利要求8所述的一种定向定量延迟加热地层水的水平井电加热器，其特征是，隔热板支柱具有隔热功能，沿水平井纵向排列的。A horizontal well electric heater for directional quantitative delayed heating of formation water according to claim 8, characterized in that the heat insulation board supports have a heat insulation function and are arranged longitudinally along the horizontal well.
- 根据权利要求6所述的一种定向定量延迟加热地层水的水平井电加热器，其特征是，隔热板、未割缝筛管及筛管两端密封板密封连接，形成真空腔，其中密封板具有耐腐蚀、耐高温隔热功能。The horizontal well electric heater for directional quantitative delayed heating of formation water according to claim 6, wherein the heat insulation plate, the unslit screen tube and the sealing plates at both ends of the screen tube are sealed and connected to form a vacuum chamber, wherein The sealing plate has the functions of corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and heat insulation.
- 根据权利要求6所述的一种定向定量延迟加热地层水的水平井电加热器，其特征是，隔热板上固定垂直水平段的、具防水的、防腐蚀且具隔热功能的加热线圈支架③。A horizontal well electric heater for directional quantitative delayed heating of formation water according to claim 6, wherein the vertical horizontal section is fixed on the heat shield, and the heating coil is waterproof, anti-corrosion and heat-insulating. Bracket ③.
- 根据权利要求6所述的一种定向定量延迟加热地层水的水平井电加热器，其特征是，A horizontal well electric heater for directional quantitative delayed heating of formation water according to claim 6, characterized in that:线圈支架上与加热线圈一起固定在隔热板上；The coil bracket is fixed on the heat insulation board together with the heating coil;加热线圈通过导线、开关与电源连接；The heating coil is connected to the power supply through wires and switches;加热线圈通过滑变电阻调整线圈中电流大小；The heating coil adjusts the current in the coil through the slip resistance;线圈以串联、或并联、或者串并联组合方式相互连接；The coils are connected to each other in series, or in parallel, or in a combination of series and parallel;线圈连接方式为直接连接，或者以耐高温水下电缆或导线连接。The coil connection method is direct connection, or connection with high temperature resistant underwater cable or wire.
- 根据权利要求6所述的一种定向定量延迟加热地层水的水平井电加热器，其特征是，加热线圈内置铁芯，加热线圈与铁芯通过线圈支架固定在隔热板上。A horizontal well electric heater for directional quantitative delayed heating of formation water according to claim 6, characterized in that the heating coil has a built-in iron core, and the heating coil and the iron core are fixed on the heat insulation board through the coil support.
- 根据权利要求6所述的一种定向定量延迟加热地层水的水平井电加热器，其特征是，筛管割缝（11）为长条形状，或者圆孔形状，不限于上述形状。The horizontal well electric heater for directional quantitative delayed heating of formation water according to claim 6, characterized in that the screen slit (11) is in the shape of a long strip or a round hole, which is not limited to the above shape.
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| CN114016979A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-02-08 | 北京红蓝黑能源科技有限公司 | Oil and gas exploitation method for injecting water into water layer of oil and gas reservoir |
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| RU2136858C1 (en) * | 1998-07-16 | 1999-09-10 | Открытое акционерное общество Научно-технологическая компания Российский межотраслевой научно-технический комплекс "НЕФТЕОТДАЧА" | Method for development of water-floating oil deposit |
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| AU2011237622B2 (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2015-01-22 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Low temperature inductive heating of subsurface formations |
| CN103615215A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-03-05 | 于文英 | Side and bottom water layer thermal recovery method allowing electrically heating oil deposit in horizontal well |
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| CA2808723A1 (en) * | 2013-03-04 | 2014-09-04 | Husky Oil Operations Limited | Electrical heating method for a hydrocarbon formation, and improved thermal recovery method using electrical pre-heating method |
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| CN112855079A (en) | 2021-05-28 |
| CN116057252A (en) | 2023-05-02 |
| CN112855079B (en) | 2023-01-17 |
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