WO2022193804A1 - 一种光伏快速关断***及其控制方法 - Google Patents
一种光伏快速关断***及其控制方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022193804A1 WO2022193804A1 PCT/CN2022/070932 CN2022070932W WO2022193804A1 WO 2022193804 A1 WO2022193804 A1 WO 2022193804A1 CN 2022070932 W CN2022070932 W CN 2022070932W WO 2022193804 A1 WO2022193804 A1 WO 2022193804A1
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- inverter
- photovoltaic
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- shutdown system
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Definitions
- the present application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular, to a photovoltaic rapid shutdown system and a control method thereof.
- the photovoltaic shutdown system in the art needs to ensure that the output of the photovoltaic string is in a safe state even when a single element or module fails.
- the heartbeat method is usually used, which is as follows: continuously send a turn-on signal to the turn-off device in the photovoltaic turn-off system, so that it maintains its own turn-on state; when the turn-on signal disappears, turn off
- the circuit breaker controls its own output to limit the output state, and disconnects the corresponding photovoltaic modules.
- the turn-on signal that keeps the disconnector continuously turned on is transmitted in the form of a communication signal, and the communication signal is easily attenuated or interfered under severe working conditions; for example, the transmission of communication signals
- the communication signal will be attenuated, or if there is a lot of switching noise on the power line, it will interfere with the power line carrier communication signal.
- the shutdown device in the system cannot successfully receive the turn-on signal, and after waiting for a period of time, it controls itself to enter the limit output state, which will cause the shutdown device to turn off by mistake. This will lead to an undervoltage fault at the DC input end of the converter in the system, thereby causing the converter to shut down.
- a method for starting a photovoltaic rapid shutdown system is also proposed in the prior art.
- This method maintains the opening of the shutdown device by continuously applying current or voltage disturbance at the DC bus terminal, so no shutdown is required.
- the controller continuously receives the heartbeat signal sent by the central controller, which reduces the overall cost of the photovoltaic rapid shutdown system.
- the inverter is under the condition of limiting output power, continuous current or voltage disturbance cannot be applied, otherwise the output power will exceed the power limit value.
- the present application provides a photovoltaic fast shutdown system and a control method thereof. Under the premise that the inverter is in a state of limiting output power, it can ensure that the output power does not exceed the limit, maintain the continuous opening of the shutdown device, and avoid the failure of the shutdown device. Shutdown results in loss of system power generation and system failure without increasing system cost.
- a first aspect of the present application provides a control method for a photovoltaic rapid shutdown system, including:
- Each of the disconnectors detects their own input parameters and/or output parameters respectively, and judges whether the electrical signal disturbance of the DC bus to which they are connected satisfies a preset according to the input parameters and/or the output parameters. condition;
- the shutdown device enters or maintains an on state.
- the electrical signal is applied at least once during each shutdown state entry cycle of the shutdown device of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system. Disturbing the DC bus to the photovoltaic rapid shutdown system, including:
- the inverter directly controls the inverter circuit to apply an electrical signal disturbance to the DC bus of the photovoltaic rapid shutdown system at least once during each shutdown state entry cycle.
- the inverter is a two-level inverter including a Boost circuit and an inverter circuit
- the application of at least one application is performed at least once.
- the electrical signal is disturbed to the DC bus of the photovoltaic rapid shutdown system, including:
- the inverter detects its own DC bus voltage, and determines whether the DC bus voltage is greater than a preset voltage value
- the inverter controls the Boost circuit to be in a direct-on state, and the inverter circuit applies an electrical signal disturbance to the photovoltaic fast turn-off at least once during each cycle of the off-state entry. Disconnect the DC bus of the system;
- the inverter controls the Boost circuit to apply an electrical signal disturbance to the DC bus of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system at least once during each shutdown state entry cycle.
- the inverter controls the Boost circuit to apply an electrical signal disturbance to the DC bus of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system at least once during each shutdown state entry period, and further includes:
- the inverter controls the Boost circuit to stop the PWM output during a period in which the electrical signal disturbance is not applied in each off-state entry period, or to output at a preset duty cycle.
- the inverter controls the inverter circuit to apply an electrical signal disturbance to the DC bus of the photovoltaic rapid shutdown system at least once during each shutdown state entry period, including:
- the inverter circuit is controlled to output a current to feed into the grid at least once in each off-state entry period, so that the bus capacitor in the inverter is charged and discharged, and then an electrical signal is applied to the DC bus.
- the phase of the current fed into the grid by the inverter circuit is consistent with the phase of the grid voltage.
- the waveform of the current is a sine wave, or any one of the upper half cycle of the sine wave and/or the lower half cycle of the sine wave.
- the inverter applies at least one of the number, frequency and amplitude of the electrical signal disturbance in each off-state entry period, and the preset duration of the electrical signal disturbance, Both are related to the output power limit value of the inverter in the limit output power state.
- the electrical signal disturbance is: a voltage disturbance signal and/or a current disturbance signal, or a power disturbance signal.
- each of the disconnectors detects their own input parameters and/or output parameters respectively, and judges the electrical signal disturbance of the DC bus to which it is connected according to the input parameters and/or the output parameters. After the preset conditions are met, it also includes:
- the shutdown device keeps the shutdown state.
- a second aspect of the present application further provides a photovoltaic rapid shutdown system, including: an inverter and at least one photovoltaic string; wherein:
- each switch In the same photovoltaic string, the input end of each switch is connected to the corresponding photovoltaic module, the output terminal of each switch is connected in series, and the two ends of the series are used as the two ends of the photovoltaic string and are connected through the corresponding DC bus. the corresponding DC port of the inverter;
- the AC measurement of the inverter is connected to the power grid
- the inverter is combined with each of the disconnectors to jointly execute the control method of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system according to any one of the above.
- the inverter is a single-stage inverter
- the inverter includes: a controller, an inverter circuit, a bus capacitor and at least one drive circuit; wherein:
- the input end of the inverter circuit is respectively connected to both ends of the bus capacitor through the DC bus of the inverter;
- the output end of the inverter circuit is used as the AC side of the inverter
- the output end of the drive circuit is connected to the control end of each switch tube in the inverter circuit
- the controller is connected in communication with each of the driving circuits, and is used for sending a control command to each of the driving circuits, so as to control each of the driving circuits to output a driving signal to each switch tube in the inverter.
- the inverter further includes: at least one Boost circuit; wherein:
- the input end of the Boost circuit is used as a pair of DC ports of the inverter, and the two poles of the output end of the Boost circuit are correspondingly connected to both ends of the bus capacitor;
- the controller is connected to the control terminals of each switch tube in the boost circuit through the corresponding drive circuit.
- the inverter is a single-phase system, or a three-phase system.
- each shutdown state of the shutdown device in the system enters a cycle In the photovoltaic rapid shutdown system, at least one electrical signal perturbation is applied to the DC bus of the photovoltaic rapid shutdown system; then each circuit breaker in the photovoltaic rapid shutdown system can detect its own input parameters and/or output parameters respectively, and according to its input parameters and/or Or output parameters to determine whether the electrical signal disturbance of the DC bus connected to itself meets the preset conditions; if the judgment result is yes, the shutdown device enters or maintains the open state; that is, the control of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system provided by the application
- the method by intermittently applying electrical signal disturbance to the DC bus by the inverter, can ensure that the circuit breaker is continuously in the open state, avoiding the system power generation caused by the shutdown of the inverter and the self-
- the inverter can quickly output the maximum power of the photovoltaic system; and when the photovoltaic fast shutdown system is in the limited power operation state, it can avoid continuous application of electrical signal disturbances to ensure The output power will not exceed the power limit value.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a control method of a photovoltaic rapid shutdown system provided by an embodiment of the present application
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart of another control method of a photovoltaic rapid shutdown system provided by an embodiment of the present application
- 3 to 6 are respectively waveform diagrams of the current fed into the grid by the output of the inverter circuit when the inverter circuit in the inverter is used to apply electrical signal disturbance in the control method of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system provided by the embodiment of the application;
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart of another control method of a photovoltaic rapid shutdown system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 are respectively the voltage waveforms driven by the DC bus and the boost circuit when the boost circuit is used to apply electrical signal disturbance in the control method of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system provided by the embodiment of the application;
- FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic rapid shutdown system provided by another embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 are schematic structural diagrams of two other photovoltaic rapid shutdown systems provided by another embodiment of the present application.
- 13-15 are respectively waveform diagrams of the current fed into the grid when the inverter is a three-phase system in any of the photovoltaic rapid shutdown systems provided by another embodiment of the present application.
- the terms “comprising”, “comprising” or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or device comprising a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also no Other elements expressly listed, or which are also inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus.
- an element qualified by the phrase “comprising a" does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.
- the prior art proposes a scheme of using the inverter to continuously apply current or voltage disturbance at the DC bus terminal to maintain the turn-on of the switch. Due to the limitation of the detection accuracy of the switch, the disturbance must reach a certain amplitude before it can be detected. It is detected; if the inverter is under the condition of limited output power, and the limited power is small, for example, the rated power of the inverter is 33kW, the output power is limited to 1% of the rated power, that is, the output power limit value is 300W, if the inverter continues to generate disturbance at this time, it will easily cause its output to exceed the limit value, which does not meet the industry standard.
- the embodiment of the present application provides a control method for a photovoltaic rapid shutdown system, which can ensure that the output power of the inverter does not exceed the power under the premise that the inverter in the photovoltaic rapid shutdown system is in a state of limiting output power Limit value, and maintain the continuous opening of the circuit breaker, avoid the system power loss and system failure caused by shutdown and start-up self-check caused by the circuit breaker's false shutdown, and do not increase the system cost.
- the inverter of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system is in the state of limiting output power, in order to keep the shutdown device in the ON state and at the same time ensure that the average output power is lower than the limit power, the inverter cannot continuously apply the shutdown device to detect electrical signal disturbance.
- the inverter of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system is in a limited output power state, an electrical signal disturbance is intermittently applied to the DC bus.
- the circuit breakers of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system that is, the circuit breakers located in the front-end of the inverter, have an entry cycle of the off state; If the circuit breaker cannot receive an electrical signal disturbance, it is equivalent to not receiving the turn-on signal in the prior art, and it will enter the off state; The time from when the last electrical signal disturbance is received to when the control itself turns off. Setting this off state into the cycle makes it possible to keep the switch on through intermittent disturbances of the inverter.
- the inverter will apply an electrical signal disturbance to the DC bus of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system at least once.
- intermittent electrical signal disturbance with short disturbance time to the DC bus, it is possible to keep the shutdown device open on the premise that the output power does not exceed the limit value.
- the electrical signal disturbance may be a current disturbance signal, a voltage disturbance signal, or a disturbance signal combining voltage and current, or a power disturbance signal, which is specifically determined by the actual application scenario.
- the inverter applies at least one of the number of times, frequency and amplitude of electrical signal disturbances in each off-state entry period, and the preset duration of electrical signal disturbances is consistent with the inverter in limiting the output power.
- the output power limit value in the state is related; for example, when the limit value is large, the preset duration can be increased in each off-state entry cycle, or at least one of the number, frequency and amplitude of disturbance can be increased; and When the limit value is small, in each shutdown state entry cycle, reduce the preset duration, or reduce at least one of the number of disturbances, frequency and amplitude; At least one perturbation of the electrical signal is applied during each off-state entry cycle, so as to ensure that the switch-off device receives a signal to keep it on before entering the off-state, which is within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.
- Step S102 is executed after the inverter applies an electrical signal disturbance to the DC bus of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system at least once during each shutdown state entry cycle of the preceding stage shutdown device.
- Each switch-off device detects its own input parameters and/or output parameters respectively.
- the change of the voltage on the DC bus of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system will affect the output parameters of each breaker in the form of voltage divider due to the series connection of the output terminals of the breaker, and the change of the current on the DC bus will also affect the output parameters of each breaker.
- the output parameters of each circuit breaker will be affected by the series connection of the output terminals of the circuit breaker; in addition, due to the structural characteristics of the circuit breaker, when the output parameters of the circuit breaker change, the input parameters will also change accordingly.
- the detection of its own input parameters and/or output parameters by the circuit breaker can determine whether there is an electrical signal disturbance on the DC bus that can be detected by the circuit breaker.
- S103 Determine, according to input parameters and/or output parameters, whether the electrical signal disturbance of the DC bus connected to itself meets a preset condition.
- the preset condition may be a preset threshold.
- the electrical signal disturbance is a current disturbance signal
- the current disturbance signal is greater than the current threshold, it is determined that the preset condition is satisfied, but not limited to this; for voltage
- the disturbance signal, or the power disturbance signal can be judged by a technician setting a threshold value according to the actual situation, which is within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.
- step S104 is executed.
- the shutdown device enters or maintains an on state.
- step S103 it means that the electrical signal disturbance applied by the inverter can be detected by the switch, and the electrical signal disturbance satisfies the condition, and the switch that has not been turned on enters the on state, while the switch that has been turned on is turned off.
- the device remains open all the time.
- step S103 the shutdown device keeps the shutdown state.
- the inverter when the inverter is in a state of limiting output power, the inverter applies intermittent electrical signal disturbances to the DC bus, so as to maintain the circuit breaker. Keep the open state to avoid the loss of system power generation and system failure caused by the faulty shutdown of the shutdown device, and to avoid the continuous application of electrical signal disturbance, that is, to ensure that the output power does not exceed the power limit value.
- control method is applied when the inverter is in a state of limiting output power, and can maintain the turn-off state of the switch, so that the inverter can quickly output the maximum power of the photovoltaic system after the power-limiting operation state ends;
- the control method does not need to use communication means such as PLC communication, which reduces the system cost.
- the inverter in the photovoltaic rapid shutdown system may be a single-stage inverter or a two-stage inverter.
- at least one electrical signal perturbation is applied to the DC bus of the photovoltaic rapid shutdown system, which can be divided into the following two ways:
- step S101 may include the following steps: The flow chart is shown in Figure 2.
- the inverter directly controls its own inverter circuit to apply an electrical signal disturbance to the DC bus of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system at least once during each shutdown state entry cycle.
- the inverter circuit when the inverter is required to apply electrical signal disturbance, the inverter circuit is controlled to output a current (as shown in I INV in Figure 3-6) at least once in each off-state entry cycle, and feed it into the power grid, so that the inverter circuit can be fed into the grid at least once.
- a current as shown in I INV in Figure 3-6
- the current can be a sine wave, as shown in the waveform I INV in Figure 3; it can also be the upper half cycle of the sine wave, as shown in the waveform I INV in Figure 4; or the lower half cycle of the sine wave, as shown in the waveform I INV in Figure 5 It can also be a combination of the upper half cycle and the lower half cycle of the sine wave, as shown in the waveform II INV in FIG. 6 .
- the number, frequency, amplitude and disturbance time of the current I INV in FIG. 3 to FIG. 6 can be determined by a technician according to the actual situation, and is not limited to this.
- the second type is that the inverter is a two-stage inverter, that is, the inverter is provided with an inverter circuit and at least one Boost circuit at the same time, then in step S101, the inverter is turned off at each of the preceding stage shutdown devices.
- the process of applying electrical signal disturbance to the DC bus of the photovoltaic rapid shutdown system at least once, as shown in Figure 7, includes:
- the inverter detects its own DC bus voltage, and determines whether the DC bus voltage is greater than a preset voltage value.
- the inverter when the inverter is a two-stage inverter, the inverter circuit or Boost circuit in the inverter can be arbitrarily selected to apply electrical signal disturbance.
- the inverter needs to detect Its own DC bus voltage, and determine whether the DC bus voltage is greater than the preset voltage value, and then determine which method to choose.
- the preset voltage value can be determined by the technical personnel according to the specific situation. For example, if the preset voltage value can be 600V, when the DC bus voltage is less than 600V, the switch tube in the Boost circuit can still operate, then the Boost circuit can be used.
- step S301 determines whether the DC bus voltage is greater than 600V.
- step S302 determines whether the Boost circuit is in a straight-through state.
- step S303 is executed.
- the inverter controls the Boost circuit to be in a direct-on state, and the inverter circuit applies an electrical signal disturbance to the DC bus of the photovoltaic rapid shutdown system at least once during each shutdown state entry cycle.
- step S201 After the inverter controls its own Boost circuit to be in a straight-through state, the manner and specific process of applying electrical signal disturbance to the inverter circuit are the same as the above step S201, and details are not repeated here.
- the inverter controls the Boost circuit to apply an electrical signal disturbance to the DC bus of the photovoltaic fast shutdown system at least once during each shutdown state entry cycle.
- the specific process is: control the Boost circuit to charge and discharge the bus capacitor, thereby causing the voltage PV of the DC bus of the photovoltaic rapid shutdown system to be disturbed, as shown in the waveform V PV in Figure 8, and the phase of the disturbance does not need to be kept with the grid phase.
- the drive of the control Boost circuit will stop the PWM output after working for a period of time, that is, the blocking time in Figure 8; , the Boost circuit will work again for a period of time, and then stop the PWM output, and its waveform is shown as V PWM in FIG. 8 ; wherein, the waveform shown in FIG.
- the electrical signal disturbance is applied to the DC bus of the photovoltaic rapid shutdown system at least once in each shutdown state entry cycle.
- the Boost circuit can also be controlled by the inverter to stop the PWM output during the period in which the electrical signal disturbance is not applied in each off-state entry cycle, that is, the wave blocking time (as shown in FIG. 8 ). ), or output with a preset duty cycle (the waveform diagram of which can be shown in FIG. 9 ), so as to ensure that the output power of the inverter is not increased; wherein FIG. 9 is only an example of the embodiment of the present application, Not limited to this, the specific value of the preset duty cycle may be determined according to specific circumstances.
- the duration and cycle of the disturbance generated by the boost circuit can be adjusted according to the set size of the output power of the inverter; when the limit value is large, it can be adjusted when the switcher enters the set switch-off state.
- the cycle that is, the off state enters the cycle
- the disturbance time is increased, or at least one of the number of disturbances, frequency and amplitude is increased; and when the limit value is small, the off state can enter the cycle.
- the time is reduced, or at least one of the number of disturbances, the frequency and the amplitude is reduced; however, it must be guaranteed that the disturbance is at least once in the off-state entry cycle.
- the embodiment of the present application also provides a photovoltaic rapid shutdown system, the schematic structural diagram of which is shown in FIG. 10 , including: an inverter 110 and at least one photovoltaic string 120; wherein:
- each switch 220 is connected to the corresponding photovoltaic module 210.
- the input terminal of one switch 220 is connected to a corresponding photovoltaic module 210, or two photovoltaic modules can be connected components (not shown); the output ends of each switch 220 are connected in series, and the two ends of the series connected as the two ends of the photovoltaic string 120 are connected to the corresponding DC ports of the inverter 110 through the corresponding DC bus;
- the AC side of the inverter 110 is connected to the power grid.
- the inverter 110 and each switch 220 are used to jointly execute any one of the control methods for the photovoltaic rapid shutdown system provided in the above embodiments.
- the inverter 110 may be a single-stage inverter, and its specific structure may be shown in FIG. 11 , including: a controller 310, an inverter circuit 320, a bus capacitor C1, and at least one drive circuit 330; wherein:
- the input end of the inverter circuit 320 is respectively connected to both ends of the bus capacitor C1 through the DC bus of the inverter 110; the output end of the inverter circuit 320 serves as the AC side of the inverter; the output end of the drive circuit 330 is connected to the inverter circuit
- the control terminals of each switch tube in 320 are connected; the controller 310 is connected in communication with each drive circuit 330 for sending control commands to each drive circuit 330 to control each drive circuit 330 to output a drive signal to each switch in the inverter 110 Tube.
- the topology of the inverter circuit 320 may be an H bridge as shown in FIG.
- the inverter circuit 320 includes two bridge arms connected in parallel, and the two ends of the parallel connection are used as its input ends, and each bridge arm
- the midpoint of the inverter circuit 320 is used as the output end of the inverter circuit 320; at this time, the inverter 110 is a single-phase system; in practical applications, the inverter 110 can also be a three-phase system, that is, the topology of the inverter circuit 320 is also It may be a three-phase full-bridge structure (not shown); it may depend on its specific application environment, which is within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.
- the inverter 110 can also be a two-stage inverter, that is, on the basis of the above structure, it further includes: at least one Boost circuit 410; taking one as an example, its schematic diagram is shown in FIG. 12 ; When multiple Boost circuits are provided, the output ends of each Boost circuit 410 are connected in parallel to the DC bus, that is, the two ends of the bus capacitor C1, which will not be repeated.
- the input end of the boost circuit 410 is used as a pair of DC ports of the inverter 110, and the two poles of the output end of the boost circuit 410 are correspondingly connected to both ends of the bus capacitor C1; The control end of the switch tube is connected.
- the switches in the inverter circuit 320 and the boost circuit 410 can be controlled by different driving circuits 330, or can be controlled by the same driving circuit 330 (not shown).
- the inverter 110 in the photovoltaic quick shutdown system can be a single-phase system as shown in FIGS. 10 to 12 , or a three-phase system (not shown); the applied electrical signal disturbances are: voltage disturbances Signal and/or current disturbance signal, alternatively, power disturbance signal.
- the inverter Take the inverter applying electrical signal disturbance through its inverter circuit as an example to illustrate. If the inverter is a single-phase system, it outputs a cycle of single-phase current and feeds it into the power grid. The waveform diagram is shown in any of Figure 3-6. ; If the inverter is a three-phase system, it outputs a cycle of three-phase current I INV and collapses into the power grid, and its waveform is shown in Figure 13. At this time, a certain power disturbance will occur on the DC bus, The shutdown keeps itself on by sensing current or voltage on the DC bus, or a power signal.
- the three-phase current I INV fed into the power grid is not necessarily one cycle, but can also be 1/2 cycle, as shown in Figure 14; or 1/4 cycle, as shown in Figure 15; Not limited to this, it can be appropriately adjusted according to the limited value of the power, as long as it can be ensured that the electrical signal disturbance is applied at least once in each off-state entry cycle.
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Abstract
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Claims (14)
- 一种光伏快速关断***的控制方法,其特征在于,包括:若所述光伏快速关断***的逆变器处于限制输出功率状态,则在所述光伏快速关断***的关断器的每个关断状态进入周期内,至少施加一次电信号扰动至所述光伏快速关断***的直流总线;各所述关断器分别检测自身的输入参数和/或输出参数,并根据所述输入参数和/或所述输出参数判断自身所接的所述直流总线的所述电信号扰动是否满足预设条件;若判断结果为是,则所述关断器进入或维持开通状态。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光伏快速关断***的控制方法,其特征在于,若所述逆变器为仅包含逆变电路的单级逆变器,则在所述光伏快速关断***的关断器的每个关断状态进入周期内,至少施加一次电信号扰动至所述光伏快速关断***的直流总线,包括:所述逆变器直接控制所述逆变电路在每个所述关断状态进入周期内,至少施加一次电信号扰动至所述光伏快速关断***的直流总线。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光伏快速关断***的控制方法,其特征在于,若所述逆变器为包含Boost电路和逆变电路的两级逆变器,则在所述光伏快速关断***的关断器的每个关断状态进入周期内,至少施加一次电信号扰动至所述光伏快速关断***的直流总线,包括:所述逆变器检测自身的直流母线电压,并判断所述直流母线电压是否大于预设电压值;若判断结果为是,则所述逆变器控制所述Boost电路处于直通状态,所述逆变电路在每个所述关断状态进入周期内,至少施加一次电信号扰动至所述光伏快速关断***的直流总线;若判断结果为否,则所述逆变器控制所述Boost电路在每个所述关断状态进入周期内,至少施加一次电信号扰动至所述光伏快速关断***的直流总线。
- 根据权利要求3所述的光伏快速关断***的控制方法,其特征在于,所述逆变器控制所述Boost电路在每个所述关断状态进入周期内,至少施加一 次电信号扰动至所述光伏快速关断***的直流总线的同时,还包括:所述逆变器控制所述Boost电路在每个所述关断状态进入周期内未施加所述电信号扰动的时段,停止PWM输出,或者,以预设占空比进行输出。
- 根据权利要求2-4任一项所述的光伏快速关断***的控制方法,其特征在于,所述逆变器控制所述逆变电路在每个所述关断状态进入周期内,至少施加一次电信号扰动至所述光伏快速关断***的直流总线,包括:控制所述逆变电路在每个所述关断状态进入周期内至少输出一次电流馈入电网,使得所述逆变器内的母线电容进行充放电,进而施加电信号扰动至所述直流总线。
- 根据权利要求5所述的光伏快速关断***的控制方法,其特征在于,由所述逆变电路馈入电网的电流的相位与电网电压的相位一致。
- 根据权利要求5所述的光伏快速关断***的控制方法,其特征在于,所述电流的波形为:正弦波,或者,正弦波的上半周和/或正弦波的下半周的任一种。
- 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的光伏快速关断***的控制方法,其特征在于,所述逆变器在每个所述关断状态进入周期内施加所述电信号扰动的次数、频率和幅度中的至少一种,以及,所述电信号扰动的预设持续时间,均与所述逆变器在所述限制输出功率状态下的输出功率限制值有关。
- 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的光伏快速关断***的控制方法,其特征在于,所述电信号扰动为:电压扰动信号和/或电流扰动信号,或者,功率扰动信号。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光伏快速关断***的控制方法,其特征在于,在各所述关断器分别检测自身的输入参数和/或输出参数,并根据所述输入参数和/或所述输出参数判断自身所接的所述直流总线的所述电信号扰动是否满足预设条件之后,还包括:若判断结果为否,则所述关断器保持关断状态。
- 一种光伏快速关断***,其特征在于,包括:逆变器、至少一个光伏组串;其中:同一光伏组串中,各关断器的输入端连接相应的光伏组件,各关断器的输 出端串联连接,串联后的两端作为所述光伏组串的两端、通过对应的直流总线连接所述逆变器的对应直流端口;所述逆变器的交流测接入电网;所述逆变器结合各所述关断器,共同执行如上述权利要求1-10任一项所述的光伏快速关断***的控制方法。
- 根据权利要求11所述的光伏快速关断***,其特征在于,若所述逆变器为单级逆变器,则所述逆变器包括:控制器、逆变电路、母线电容以及至少一个驱动电路;其中:所述逆变电路的输入端通过所述逆变器的直流母线分别连接所述母线电容的两端;所述逆变电路的输出端作为所述逆变器的交流侧;所述驱动电路的输出端与所述逆变电路内各开关管的控制端相连;所述控制器与各所述驱动电路通信连接,用于发送控制指令至各所述驱动电路,以控制各所述驱动电路输出驱动信号至所述逆变器内的各开关管。
- 根据权利要求12所述的光伏快速关断***,其特征在于,若所述逆变器为两级逆变器,则所述逆变器还包括:至少一个Boost电路;其中:所述Boost电路的输入端作为所述逆变器的一对直流端口,所述Boost电路的输出端两极对应连接所述母线电容的两端;所述控制器通过相应的所述驱动电路与所述Boost电路内各开关管的控制端相连。
- 根据权利要求11-13任一项所述的光伏快速关断***,其特征在于,所述逆变器为单相***,或者,三相***。
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