WO2022193522A1 - Vacuum on-load tap changer double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit and switching control method thereof - Google Patents

Vacuum on-load tap changer double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit and switching control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022193522A1
WO2022193522A1 PCT/CN2021/108798 CN2021108798W WO2022193522A1 WO 2022193522 A1 WO2022193522 A1 WO 2022193522A1 CN 2021108798 W CN2021108798 W CN 2021108798W WO 2022193522 A1 WO2022193522 A1 WO 2022193522A1
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Prior art keywords
switch
vacuum tube
turned
winding tap
static contact
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PCT/CN2021/108798
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
邢立华
李壮壮
王彦利
田秀
孙亚朋
吕俊平
罗辉
邹俊端
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北京航天控制仪器研究所
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Publication of WO2022193522A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022193522A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of on-load tap changers, in particular to a double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit of a vacuum on-load tap changer and a switching control method thereof.
  • the on-load tap-changer mainly includes a motor mechanism, an accumulator, an on-load switch and an off-load tap selector, which is used to adjust the output voltage of the transformer in real time and without interruption under load conditions.
  • the on-load switch is used to switch from the current winding tap to a preselected new winding tap under load, the core of which is the use of a transition circuit.
  • the transition circuit is a series resistance circuit connected across the taps, which is used to switch the taps of the transformer windings in the live state.
  • the way of extinguishing the arc through the vacuum tube in the transition circuit has gradually replaced the way of extinguishing the arc from the oil.
  • China Invention Patent Authorization Announcement No. CN103026433B introduces a vacuum tube transition circuit.
  • Four vacuum tubes are used in each phase. Due to the large number of vacuum tubes used, the structure of the switch is complicated, thereby increasing the failure rate and manufacturing cost of the switch. .
  • the United States patent US6740831 introduces another vacuum tube transition circuit. Two vacuum tubes are used in each phase, which has the advantages of short switching time and less heat generation by the transition resistance.
  • the above-mentioned vacuum tube transition circuit switches from the winding tap N to the winding tap N+1 and from the winding tap N+1 to the winding tap N.
  • the action sequence is asymmetrical, and the reciprocating motion of the switching core requires the mechanical pulling mechanism to change the track, thereby Increased switch failure rate.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit for a vacuum on-load tap-changer, which has the advantages of fewer vacuum tubes required, short switching time and less heating of the transition resistance. Make sure that the sequence of the tap changer is the same during the forward and reverse switching process.
  • a double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit for a vacuum on-load tap-changer includes a first main switch M1, a second main switch M2, a first switch T1, a second switch T2, first vacuum tube V1, second vacuum tube V2, transition resistor R;
  • first main switch M1 and the second main switch M2 are respectively connected to the first winding tap N and the second winding tap N+1;
  • the first switch T1 has at least one switch that can turn on the first winding tap N The steady state and a steady state that can turn on the second winding tap N+1,
  • the second switch T2 has at least three steady states, and at least one of which can turn on the first winding tap N steady state, A steady state that can turn on the second winding tap N+1 and a steady state that does not turn on any winding tap;
  • one end of the first vacuum tube V1 is connected to the first switch T1, and one end of the second vacuum tube V2 is connected to The second switch T2, the other end of the second vacuum tube V2 is connected in series with the transition resistor R;
  • the first main switch M1, the second main switch M2, the first vacuum tube V1 and the other end of the transition resistor R are all electrically connected to a Neutral terminal of the on-load tap-changer.
  • the first switch T1 and the second switch T2 include a first static contact, a second static contact, a third static contact, and a fourth static contact; the first switch T1, the second static contact
  • the first static contacts of the switch T2 are all connected to the first winding tap N, and the second static contacts of the first switch T1 and the second switch T2 are both connected to the second winding tap N+1;
  • the third static contact and the fourth static contact of the first switch T1 are both connected to one end of the first vacuum tube V1;
  • the third static contact and the fourth static contact of the second switch T2 are both connected to the second vacuum tube V2
  • One end of the second vacuum tube V2 is connected in series with the transition resistance R.
  • the first switch T1 is configured as a single-pole double-throw switch, wherein the first static contact is connected with the third static contact or the fourth static contact to form the first steady state of the switch, and the second static contact Connecting with the fourth stationary contact or the third stationary contact constitutes the second steady state of the switch.
  • the second switch T2 is configured as a single-pole, three-throw switch, wherein the first static contact is connected with the third static contact or the fourth static contact to form the first steady state of the switch, and the second static contact
  • the connection with the fourth static contact or the third static contact constitutes the second steady state of the switch, and there is a position where the first static contact, the second static contact, the third static contact and the fourth static contact are not connected.
  • the third steady state of the switch is configured as a single-pole, three-throw switch, wherein the first static contact is connected with the third static contact or the fourth static contact to form the first steady state of the switch, and the second static contact
  • the connection with the fourth static contact or the third static contact constitutes the second steady state of the switch, and there is a position where the first static contact, the second static contact, the third static contact and the fourth static contact are not connected.
  • the third steady state of the switch is configured as a single-pole, three-throw switch, wherein the first static contact is connected with the third static
  • a switching control method for a double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit of a vacuum on-load tap changer when the on-load switch is switched from a current winding tap to a preselected new winding tap, that is, from the first winding tap N to the second winding tap
  • the N+1 switching process is as follows:
  • the first main switch M1 is turned on, the second main switch M2 is turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 is turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned off, and the first switch T1 is in a steady state where one of the first winding taps N is turned on It is denoted as the first steady state, and the steady state in which the second switch T2 is not connected to any circuit is denoted as the third steady state;
  • the switching process is reversed and sequentially executed S10 to S1, where S8- In S3, the second switching switch T2 is controlled to switch to one of the stable states where the second winding tap N+1 is turned on, and is recorded as the second stable state;
  • the current winding tap is turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point terminal state through the main switch connected with the current winding tap. After three current winding taps are turned on continuously, the load current flows. Through the first switch T1, the first vacuum tube V1 flows to the neutral point terminal state, and then through the two current winding taps to be turned on, the load current flows through the second switch T2, the first vacuum tube V2, and the transition resistance R to the middle.
  • the current winding tap and the preselected new winding tap in the seventh time sequence are turned on, and the load current passes through the first switch T1, the first vacuum tube V1 branch and the second switch T2 at the same time.
  • the transition circuit forms a bridge in step S7 to generate a circulating current Ic, wherein the circulating current Ic passed by the first switch T1 is in the same direction as the load current , the circulating current Ic passed through the second switch T2 is opposite to the direction of the load current.
  • the transition circuit forms a bridge in the seventh sequence to generate a circulating current Ic, wherein the circulating current Ic passed by the first switch T1 and the load current In the opposite direction, the circulating current Ic passing through the second switch T2 is in the same direction as the load current.
  • the state in which the transition circuit forms a bridge is maintained for 5-10ms during the switching process.
  • the switching time of the on-load switch from the current winding tap to the preselected new winding tap is 100ms-110ms.
  • a vacuum on-load tap changer switching control device comprising:
  • processors one or more processors
  • the one or more processors When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors cause the described switching control method.
  • the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
  • the transition circuit of the present invention only needs two vacuum tubes, the structure is simple, and the failure rate and manufacturing cost of the switch are reduced.
  • the tap changer using the transition circuit of the present invention has a symmetrical timing sequence during the forward and reverse switching process, and does not need to pull the rail changing mechanism.
  • the switching time of the transition circuit of the present invention is short, and the heat generation of the transition resistance is small.
  • Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit of the vacuum on-load tap-changer of the present invention, wherein the basic position where the winding tap N is turned on is shown;
  • FIGS. 2 to 10 are schematic diagrams of the double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit of the vacuum on-load tap-changer of the present invention in each step in the process of load switching from winding tap N to winding tap N+1, wherein FIG. 10 shows winding tap N+ 1 is the basic position switched on;
  • 11 to 16 are schematic diagrams of the double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit of the vacuum on-load tap-changer of the present invention with some intermediate steps in the process of load switching from winding tap N+1 to winding tap N;
  • 17 is a timing diagram of the on-off of each switch in the double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit of the vacuum on-load tap-changer of the present invention during the process of load switching from winding tap N to winding tap N+1;
  • FIG. 18 is a timing diagram of on-off of each switch in the double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit of the vacuum on-load tap-changer of the present invention during the process of load switching from winding tap N+1 to winding tap N.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit of the vacuum on-load tap-changer of the present invention.
  • the double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit of the vacuum on-load tap-changer of the present invention is located between the first winding tap N and the second winding tap N+1, and includes a first main switch M1, a second main switch M2, and a first switch T1. , the second switch T2, the first vacuum tube V1, the second vacuum tube V2, and the transition resistor R.
  • first main switch M1 is connected to the first winding tap N; one end of the second main switch M2 is connected to the second winding tap N+1; the first switch T1 includes a first static contact T11, a second static contact T12, the third static contact T13, the fourth static contact T14.
  • the first static contact T11 is connected to the first winding tap N
  • the second static contact T12 is connected to the second winding tap N+1
  • the third static contact T13 and the fourth static contact T14 are both connected to the first vacuum tube V1.
  • the second switch T2 includes a first static contact T21, a second static contact T22, a third static contact T23, and a fourth static contact T24.
  • the first static contact T21 is connected to the first winding tap N
  • the second static contact T22 is connected to the second winding tap N+1
  • the third static contact T23 and the fourth static contact T24 are both connected to the second vacuum tube V2.
  • One end is connected; the other end of the second vacuum tube V2 is connected with the transition resistor R.
  • the other ends of the first main switch T1 , the second main switch T2 , the first vacuum tube V1 and the transition resistor R are all electrically connected to the neutral point lead terminal 0 of the on-load tap changer.
  • the first switch T1 is configured as a single-pole double-throw switch, wherein the first static contact T11 is connected with the third static contact T13 to form the first steady state of the switch, and the second static contact T12 is connected with the fourth static contact T14. constitutes the second steady state of the switch.
  • the second switch T2 is configured as a single-pole, three-throw switch, wherein the first static contact T21 is connected with the third static contact T23 to form the first steady state of the switch, and the second static contact T22 is connected with the fourth static contact T24
  • the second stable state of the switch is formed, and the third stable state of the switch exists at the position where the first static contact T21, the second static contact T22, the third static contact T23, and the fourth static contact T24 are not connected, that is, as As shown in FIG. 1, when the second switch T2 is located in the middle position of the first static contact T21 and the second static contact T22 and the middle position of the third static contact T23 and the fourth static contact T24, the second switch T2 is in the third steady state.
  • the first main switch M1 is turned on, the second main switch M2 is turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 is turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned off, and the first switch T1 is in the first steady state ( That is, the first static contact T11 is connected to the third static contact T13), and the second switch T2 is in the third steady state (that is, the second switch T2 is located in the middle of the first static contact T21 and the second static contact T22) position and the middle position of the third stationary contact T23 and the fourth stationary contact T24), the winding tap N is turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point terminal 0 through the first main switch M1.
  • the first main switch M1 is turned off, the second main switch M2 is kept turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 is kept on, the second vacuum tube V2 is kept turned off, and the first switch T1 is kept in the first In a steady state (that is, the first static contact T11 is connected to the third static contact T13), the second switch T2 continues to be in the third steady state (that is, the second switch T2 is located between the first static contact T21 and the second static contact T21).
  • the middle position of the contact T22 and the middle position of the third static contact T23 and the fourth static contact T24) continues to be turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point through the first switch T1 and the first vacuum tube V1 terminal 0.
  • the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 continues to be turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 continues to be turned off, and the first switch T1 continues to be in The first steady state (that is, the first stationary contact T11 is connected to the third stationary contact T13), the second switch T2 is in the first steady state (that is, the first stationary contact T21 is connected to the third stationary contact T23),
  • the winding tap N continues to be turned on, and the load current continues to flow to the neutral point lead-out terminal 0 through the first switch T1 and the first vacuum tube V1.
  • the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 continues to be turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned on, and the first switch T1 continues to be in the first In a steady state (that is, the first stationary contact T11 is connected to the third stationary contact T13), the second switch T2 continues to be in the first steady state (that is, the first stationary contact T21 is connected to the third stationary contact T23),
  • the winding tap N continues to be turned on, and due to the existence of the transition resistance R, the load current continues to flow to the neutral point lead-out terminal 0 through the first switch T1 and the first vacuum tube V1.
  • the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 is turned off, the second vacuum tube V2 continues to be turned on, and the first switch T1 continues to be in the first In a steady state (that is, the first stationary contact T11 is connected to the third stationary contact T13), the second switch T2 continues to be in the first steady state (that is, the first stationary contact T21 is connected to the third stationary contact T23),
  • the winding tap N continues to be turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point terminal 0 through the second switch T2, the first vacuum tube V2, and the transition resistor R.
  • the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 continues to be turned off, the second vacuum tube V2 continues to be turned on, and the first switch T1 is in the first Two stable states (that is, the second static contact T12 is connected to the fourth static contact T14), the second switch T2 continues to be in the first stable state (that is, the first static contact T21 is connected to the third static contact T23),
  • the winding tap N continues to be turned on, and the load current continues to flow to the neutral point terminal 0 through the second switch T2, the first vacuum tube V2, and the transition resistor R.
  • the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 is turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned on, and the first switch T1 continues to be in the first Two stable states (that is, the second static contact T12 is connected to the fourth static contact T14), the second switch T2 continues to be in the first stable state (that is, the first static contact T21 is connected to the third static contact T23), Both winding tap N and winding tap N+1 are turned on, and the load current flows to neutral through the first switch T1, the first vacuum tube V1 branch and the second switch T2, the first vacuum tube V2, and the transition resistance R branch at the same time Click on pin 0.
  • the transition circuit forms a bridge to generate a circulating current Ic, wherein the circulating current Ic through the first switch T1 is in the same direction as the load current, and the circulating current Ic through the second switch T2 is in the opposite direction to the load current.
  • the above state is only maintained for a short time (usually 5-10ms) during the switching process.
  • the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 continues to be turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned off, and the first switch T1 continues to be in the first Two stable states (that is, the second static contact T12 is connected to the fourth static contact T14), the second switch T2 continues to be in the first stable state (that is, the first static contact T21 is connected to the third static contact T23), The winding tap N+1 is turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point terminal 0 through the first switch T1 and the first vacuum tube V1.
  • the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 continues to be turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 continues to be turned off, and the first switch T1 continues to be in The second stable state (ie the second static contact T12 is connected to the fourth static contact T14), the second switch T2 is in the third stable state (ie the second switch T2 is located between the first static contact T21 and the second static contact T21) The middle position of the contact T22 and the middle position of the third static contact T23 and the fourth static contact T24), the winding tap N+1 continues to be turned on, and the load current continues to flow through the first switch T1 and the first vacuum tube V1. Neutral point terminal 0.
  • the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 is turned on, the first vacuum tube V1 continues to be turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 continues to be turned off, and the first switch T1 continues to be in the first Two stable states (that is, the second static contact T12 is connected to the fourth static contact T14), and the second switch T2 continues to be in the third stable state (that is, the second switch T2 is located between the first static contact T21 and the second static contact T21).
  • the middle position of the contact T22 and the middle position of the third static contact T23 and the fourth static contact T24) continues to be turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point terminal 0 through the second main switch M2 .
  • the first main switch M1 is turned off, the second main switch M2 is turned on, the first vacuum tube V1 is turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned off, and the first switch T1 is in the second steady state ( That is, the second static contact T12 is connected to the fourth static contact T14), and the second switch T2 is in the third steady state (that is, the second switch T2 is located in the middle of the first static contact T21 and the second static contact T22) position and the middle position of the third stationary contact T23 and the fourth stationary contact T24), the winding tap N+1 is turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point terminal 0 through the second main switch M2.
  • the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 is turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 continues to be turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 continues to be turned off, and the first switch T1 continues to be in the first Two stable states (that is, the second static contact T12 is connected to the fourth static contact T14), and the second switch T2 continues to be in the third stable state (that is, the second switch T2 is located between the first static contact T21 and the second static contact T21).
  • the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 continues to be turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 continues to be turned off, and the first switch T1 continues to be in The second steady state (that is, the second stationary contact T12 is connected to the fourth stationary contact T14), the second switch T2 is in the second steady state (that is, the second stationary contact T22 is connected to the fourth stationary contact T24),
  • the winding tap N+1 continues to be turned on, and the load current continues to flow to the neutral point lead-out terminal 0 through the first switch T1 and the first vacuum tube V1.
  • the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 continues to be turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned on, and the first switch T1 continues to be in the first Two stable states (that is, the second static contact T12 is connected to the fourth static contact T14), the second switch T2 continues to be in the second stable state (that is, the second static contact T22 is connected to the fourth static contact T24),
  • the winding tap N+1 continues to be turned on, and due to the existence of the transition resistance R, the load current continues to flow to the neutral point terminal 0 through the first switch T1 and the first vacuum tube V1.
  • the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 is turned off, the second vacuum tube V2 continues to be turned on, and the first switch T1 continues to be in the first Two stable states (that is, the second static contact T12 is connected to the fourth static contact T14), the second switch T2 continues to be in the second stable state (that is, the second static contact T22 is connected to the fourth static contact T24),
  • the winding tap N+1 continues to be turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point terminal 0 through the second switch T2, the second vacuum tube V2, and the transition resistor R.
  • the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 continues to be turned off, the second vacuum tube V2 continues to be turned on, and the first switch T1 is in the first In a steady state (that is, the first stationary contact T11 is connected to the third stationary contact T13), the second switch T2 continues to be in the second stationary state (that is, the second stationary contact T22 is connected to the fourth stationary contact T24),
  • the winding tap N+1 continues to be turned on, and the load current continues to flow to the neutral point terminal 0 through the second switch T2, the second vacuum tube V2, and the transition resistor R.
  • the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 is turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned on, and the first switch T1 continues to be in the first In a steady state (that is, the first stationary contact T11 is connected to the third stationary contact T13), the second switch T2 continues to be in the second stationary state (that is, the second stationary contact T22 is connected to the fourth stationary contact T24), Both winding tap N and winding tap N+1 are turned on, and the load current flows to neutral through the first switch T1, the first vacuum tube V1 branch and the second switch T2, the first vacuum tube V2, and the transition resistance R branch at the same time Click on pin 0.
  • the transition circuit forms a bridge to generate a circulating current Ic, wherein the circulating current Ic through the first switch T1 is in the opposite direction to the load current, and the circulating current Ic through the second switch T2 is in the same direction as the load current.
  • the above state is only maintained for a short time (usually 5-10ms) during the switching process.
  • the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 continues to be turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned off, and the first switch T1 continues to be in the first In a steady state (that is, the first stationary contact T11 is connected to the third stationary contact T13), the second switch T2 continues to be in the second stationary state (that is, the second stationary contact T22 is connected to the fourth stationary contact T24),
  • the winding tap N is turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point terminal 0 through the first switch T1 and the first vacuum tube V1.
  • the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 continues to be turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 continues to be turned off, and the first switch T1 continues to be in The first stable state (that is, the first static contact T11 is connected to the third static contact T13), and the second switch T2 is in the third stable state (that is, the second switch T2 is located between the first static contact T21 and the second static contact T21.
  • the first main switch M1 is turned on, the second main switch M2 is turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 is turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned off, and the first switch T1 is kept in the first In a steady state (that is, the first static contact T11 is connected to the third static contact T13), the second switch T2 continues to be in the third steady state (that is, the second switch T2 is located between the first static contact T21 and the second static contact T21).
  • the middle position of the contact T22 and the middle position of the third stationary contact T23 and the fourth stationary contact T24) continues to be turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point terminal 0 through the first main switch M1.
  • the timing diagrams of the switches during the transition of the load from winding tap N to winding tap N+1 and from winding tap N+1 to winding tap N are symmetrical, that is, in During the forward and reverse switching process, the switching action of each switch is symmetrical, and there is no need to use a pull-up rail change mechanism.
  • the invention also provides a switching control method for a double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit of a vacuum on-load tap changer.
  • the on-load switch is switched from the current winding tap to a preselected new winding tap, that is, from the first winding tap N to
  • the switching process of the second winding tap N+1 is as follows:
  • the first main switch M1 is turned on, the second main switch M2 is turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 is turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned off, and the first switch T1 is in a steady state where one of the first winding taps N is turned on It is denoted as the first steady state, and the steady state in which the second switch T2 is not connected to any circuit is denoted as the third steady state;
  • the switching process is reversed and sequentially executed S10 to S1, where S8- In S3, the second switching switch T2 is controlled to switch to one of the stable states where the second winding tap N+1 is turned on, and is recorded as the second stable state;
  • the current winding tap is turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point terminal state through the main switch connected with the current winding tap. After three current winding taps are turned on continuously, the load current flows. Through the first switch T1, the first vacuum tube V1 flows to the neutral point terminal state, and then through the two current winding taps to be turned on, the load current flows through the second switch T2, the first vacuum tube V2, and the transition resistance R to the middle.
  • the current winding tap and the preselected new winding tap in the seventh time sequence are turned on, and the load current passes through the first switch T1, the first vacuum tube V1 branch and the second switch T2 at the same time.
  • the present invention also provides a vacuum on-load tap changer switching control device, comprising: one or more processors; a storage device for storing one or more programs, when the one or more programs are stored by the one or more programs A plurality of processors execute, so that the one or more processors implement the above-described handover control method.
  • the present invention also provides a readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned switching control method is implemented.

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  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)

Abstract

A vacuum on-load tap changer double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit and a switching control method thereof. One ends of a first main switch M1 and a second main switch M2 in the circuit are connected to a first winding tap N and a second winding tap N+1, respectively. A first switching switch T1 has at least one steady state where the first winding tap N is turned on and a steady state where the second winding tap N+1 is turned on. A second switching switch T2 has at least three steady states, i.e., at least one steady state where the first winding tap N is turned on, a steady state where the second winding tap N+1 is turned on, and a steady state where any winding tap is not turned on. One end of a first vacuum tube V1 is connected to the first switching switch T1. One end of a second vacuum tube V2 is connected to the second switching switch T2, and the other end of the second vacuum tube V2 is connected to a transition resistor R in series. The other ends of the first main switch M1, the second main switch M2, the first vacuum tube V1, and the transition resistor R are all electrically connected to a neutral point leading-out end of an on-load tap changer. The circuit has the advantages of a small number of required vacuum tubes, short switching time, less heating of the transition resistor, etc., and ensures that the time series of the tap changer in the forward/reverse switching process is the same.

Description

一种真空有载分接开关双真空管往复式过渡电路及其切换控制方法A double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit of a vacuum on-load tap-changer and its switching control method
本申请要求于2021年3月19日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110296132.3、发明名称为“一种真空有载分接开关双真空管往复式过渡电路及其切换控制方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application requires the priority of the Chinese patent application filed on March 19, 2021, with the application number of 202110296132.3 and the invention titled "A double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit for vacuum on-load tap-changer and its switching control method" rights, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及有载分接开关技术领域，特别涉及一种真空有载分接开关双真空管往复式过渡电路及其切换控制方法。The invention relates to the technical field of on-load tap changers, in particular to a double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit of a vacuum on-load tap changer and a switching control method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
有载分接开关主要包括电动机构、蓄能器、有载切换开关和无载分接选择器，用于在有负载的情况下实时地、不间断地调整变压器的输出电压。其中，有载切换开关用于从当前的绕组抽头有负载地切换到预选的新的绕组抽头，其核心是采用了过渡电路。过渡电路是跨接于分接点间的串接电阻电路，用于在带电状态下切换变压器绕组的分接头。如今，过渡电路中通过真空管灭弧的方式已经逐渐取代从油中灭弧的方式。The on-load tap-changer mainly includes a motor mechanism, an accumulator, an on-load switch and an off-load tap selector, which is used to adjust the output voltage of the transformer in real time and without interruption under load conditions. Among them, the on-load switch is used to switch from the current winding tap to a preselected new winding tap under load, the core of which is the use of a transition circuit. The transition circuit is a series resistance circuit connected across the taps, which is used to switch the taps of the transformer windings in the live state. Nowadays, the way of extinguishing the arc through the vacuum tube in the transition circuit has gradually replaced the way of extinguishing the arc from the oil.
中国发明专利授权公告号CN103026433B介绍了一种真空管过渡电路，每相中采用了4只真空管，由于其所用的真空管数量较多，造成开关的结构比较复杂，从而增加了开关的故障率和制造成本。美国专利US6740831介绍了另外一种真空管过渡电路，每相中采用了2只真空管，具有切换时间短，过渡电阻发热较少的优点。然而，上述真空管过渡电路从绕组抽头N切换到绕组抽头N+1和从绕组抽头N+1切换到绕组抽头N的动作时序不对称，切换芯子的往复运动需要机械提拉机构变轨，从而增加了开关的使用故障率。此外，在检修分接开关时，需要人工转动输入轴，而人工转动有时无法精确地转动所需的圈数。如果转动的圈数有误，人工提升凸轮进行检修的时候，会引起构件的干涉，导致产品的损坏。实际应用中，检修的损坏率甚至 超过使用的损坏率。China Invention Patent Authorization Announcement No. CN103026433B introduces a vacuum tube transition circuit. Four vacuum tubes are used in each phase. Due to the large number of vacuum tubes used, the structure of the switch is complicated, thereby increasing the failure rate and manufacturing cost of the switch. . The United States patent US6740831 introduces another vacuum tube transition circuit. Two vacuum tubes are used in each phase, which has the advantages of short switching time and less heat generation by the transition resistance. However, the above-mentioned vacuum tube transition circuit switches from the winding tap N to the winding tap N+1 and from the winding tap N+1 to the winding tap N. The action sequence is asymmetrical, and the reciprocating motion of the switching core requires the mechanical pulling mechanism to change the track, thereby Increased switch failure rate. In addition, when overhauling the tap changer, it is necessary to manually rotate the input shaft, and manual rotation sometimes cannot accurately rotate the required number of turns. If the number of turns is wrong, when the cam is manually lifted for maintenance, it will cause interference of components, resulting in damage to the product. In practical applications, the damage rate of maintenance even exceeds the damage rate of use.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足，提供一种真空有载分接开关双真空管往复式过渡电路，在具有所需真空管数量少、切换时间短和过渡电阻发热较少的优点的同时，保证分接开关在正反切换过程中的时序相同。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit for a vacuum on-load tap-changer, which has the advantages of fewer vacuum tubes required, short switching time and less heating of the transition resistance. Make sure that the sequence of the tap changer is the same during the forward and reverse switching process.
本发明目的通过如下技术方案予以实现：一种真空有载分接开关双真空管往复式过渡电路，所述过渡电路包括第一主开关M1、第二主开关M2、第一切换开关T1、第二切换开关T2、第一真空管V1、第二真空管V2、过渡电阻R；The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit for a vacuum on-load tap-changer, the transition circuit includes a first main switch M1, a second main switch M2, a first switch T1, a second switch T2, first vacuum tube V1, second vacuum tube V2, transition resistor R;
所述第一主开关M1、第二主开关M2的一端分别与第一绕组抽头N和第二绕组抽头N+1连接；所述第一切换开关T1至少具有一个能够接通第一绕组抽头N的稳态和一个能够接通第二绕组抽头N+1的稳态，所述第二切换开关T2至少具有三个稳态，且其中至少具有一个能够接通第一绕组抽头N的稳态、一个能够接通第二绕组抽头N+1的稳态以及一个不接通任何绕组抽头的稳态；第一真空管V1的一端连接至所述第一切换开关T1，第二真空管V2的一端连接至所述第二切换开关T2，第二真空管V2的另一端串联过渡电阻R；所述第一主开关M1、第二主开关M2、第一真空管V1和过渡电阻R的另一端均电连接至有载分接开关的中性点引出端。One ends of the first main switch M1 and the second main switch M2 are respectively connected to the first winding tap N and the second winding tap N+1; the first switch T1 has at least one switch that can turn on the first winding tap N The steady state and a steady state that can turn on the second winding tap N+1, the second switch T2 has at least three steady states, and at least one of which can turn on the first winding tap N steady state, A steady state that can turn on the second winding tap N+1 and a steady state that does not turn on any winding tap; one end of the first vacuum tube V1 is connected to the first switch T1, and one end of the second vacuum tube V2 is connected to The second switch T2, the other end of the second vacuum tube V2 is connected in series with the transition resistor R; the first main switch M1, the second main switch M2, the first vacuum tube V1 and the other end of the transition resistor R are all electrically connected to a Neutral terminal of the on-load tap-changer.
优选的，所述第一切换开关T1、第二切换开关T2均包括第一静触点、第二静触点、第三静触点、第四静触点；第一切换开关T1、第二切换开关T2的第一静触点均与所述第一绕组抽头N连接，第一切换开关T1、第二切换开关T2的第二静触点均与所述第二绕组抽头N+1连接；第一切换开关T1的第三静触点、第四静触点均与第一真空管V1的一端连接；第二切换开关T2的第三静触点、第四静触点均与第二真空管V2的一端连接，第二真空管V2的另一端串联过渡电阻R。Preferably, the first switch T1 and the second switch T2 include a first static contact, a second static contact, a third static contact, and a fourth static contact; the first switch T1, the second static contact The first static contacts of the switch T2 are all connected to the first winding tap N, and the second static contacts of the first switch T1 and the second switch T2 are both connected to the second winding tap N+1; The third static contact and the fourth static contact of the first switch T1 are both connected to one end of the first vacuum tube V1; the third static contact and the fourth static contact of the second switch T2 are both connected to the second vacuum tube V2 One end of the second vacuum tube V2 is connected in series with the transition resistance R.
优选的，所述第一切换开关T1构造成单刀双掷开关，其中，第一静触点与第三静触点或第四静触点连接构成开关的第一稳态，第二静触点与第四静触点或第三静触点连接构成开关的第二稳态。Preferably, the first switch T1 is configured as a single-pole double-throw switch, wherein the first static contact is connected with the third static contact or the fourth static contact to form the first steady state of the switch, and the second static contact Connecting with the fourth stationary contact or the third stationary contact constitutes the second steady state of the switch.
优选的，所述第二切换开关T2构造成单刀三掷开关，其中，第一静触点与第三静触点或第四静触点连接构成开关的第一稳态，第二静触点与第四静触点或第三静触点连接构成开关的第二稳态，第一静触点、第二静触点、第三静触点、第四静触点均不连接的位置存在开关的第三稳态。Preferably, the second switch T2 is configured as a single-pole, three-throw switch, wherein the first static contact is connected with the third static contact or the fourth static contact to form the first steady state of the switch, and the second static contact The connection with the fourth static contact or the third static contact constitutes the second steady state of the switch, and there is a position where the first static contact, the second static contact, the third static contact and the fourth static contact are not connected. The third steady state of the switch.
一种真空有载分接开关双真空管往复式过渡电路切换控制方法，当有载切换开关从当前的绕组抽头切换到预选的新的绕组抽头，即从第一绕组抽头N切换到第二绕组抽头N+1切换过程如下：A switching control method for a double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit of a vacuum on-load tap changer, when the on-load switch is switched from a current winding tap to a preselected new winding tap, that is, from the first winding tap N to the second winding tap The N+1 switching process is as follows:
S1、第一主开关M1导通，第二主开关M2断开，第一真空管V1导通，第二真空管V2断开，第一切换开关T1处于其中一个接通第一绕组抽头N的稳态记为第一稳态，第二切换开关T2处于不接通任何电路的稳态记为第三稳态；S1. The first main switch M1 is turned on, the second main switch M2 is turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 is turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned off, and the first switch T1 is in a steady state where one of the first winding taps N is turned on It is denoted as the first steady state, and the steady state in which the second switch T2 is not connected to any circuit is denoted as the third steady state;
S2、第一主开关M1断开，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S1不变；S2, the first main switch M1 is disconnected, and the rest of the components of the reciprocating transition circuit maintain S1 unchanged;
S3、控制第二切换开关T2切换至其中一个接通第一绕组抽头N的稳态记为第一稳态，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S2不变；S3, control the second switch T2 to switch to one of the steady states where the first winding tap N is turned on is recorded as the first steady state, and the remaining components of the reciprocating transition circuit maintain S2 unchanged;
S4、第二真空管V2导通，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S3不变；S4, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned on, and the remaining components of the reciprocating transition circuit remain unchanged at S3;
S5、第一真空管V1断开，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S4不变；S5, the first vacuum tube V1 is disconnected, and the remaining components of the reciprocating transition circuit remain unchanged at S4;
S6、控制第一切换开关T1切换至其中一个接通第二绕组抽头N+1的稳态记为第二稳态，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S5不变；S6, control the first switching switch T1 to switch to one of the steady states where the second winding tap N+1 is turned on is recorded as the second steady state, and the remaining components of the reciprocating transition circuit remain unchanged at S5;
S7、第一真空管V1导通，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S6不变；S7, the first vacuum tube V1 is turned on, and the remaining components of the reciprocating transition circuit remain unchanged at S6;
S8、第二真空管V2断开，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S7不变；S8, the second vacuum tube V2 is disconnected, and the remaining components of the reciprocating transition circuit remain unchanged at S7;
S9、控制第二切换开关T2切换至第三稳态，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S8不变；S9, control the second switch T2 to switch to the third steady state, and the remaining components of the reciprocating transition circuit remain unchanged in S8;
S10、第二主开关M2导通，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S9不变；S10, the second main switch M2 is turned on, and the remaining components of the reciprocating transition circuit remain unchanged at S9;
当有载切换开关从当前的绕组抽头切换到预选的新的绕组抽头，即从第二绕组抽头N+1切换到第一绕组抽头N，切换过程为反向依次执行S10至S1，其中S8-S3中控制第二切换开关T2切换至其中一个接通第二绕组抽头N+1的稳态记为第二稳态；When the on-load switch is switched from the current winding tap to the preselected new winding tap, that is, switching from the second winding tap N+1 to the first winding tap N, the switching process is reversed and sequentially executed S10 to S1, where S8- In S3, the second switching switch T2 is controlled to switch to one of the stable states where the second winding tap N+1 is turned on, and is recorded as the second stable state;
上述往复切换中，均为从当前的绕组抽头被接通，负载电流通过与当前的绕组抽头连接的主开关流向中性点引出端状态，连续经历三个当前的绕组抽头被接通，负载电流通过第一切换开关T1、第一真空管V1流向中性点引出端状态，再经两个当前的绕组抽头被接通，负载电流通过第二切换开关T2、第一真空管V2、过渡电阻R流向中性点引出端状态进入第7个时序中的当前的绕组抽头和预选的新的绕组抽头均被接通，负载电流同时通过第一切换开关T1、第一真空管V1支路以及第二切换开关T2、第一真空管V2、过渡电阻R支路流向中性点引出端状态，之后进入仅预选的新的绕组抽头被接通，负载电流通过第一切换开关T1、第一真空管V1流向中性点引出端状态，最后处于预选的新的绕组抽头被接通，负载电流通过与预选的新的绕组抽头连接的主开关流向中性点引出端状态。In the above-mentioned reciprocating switching, the current winding tap is turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point terminal state through the main switch connected with the current winding tap. After three current winding taps are turned on continuously, the load current flows. Through the first switch T1, the first vacuum tube V1 flows to the neutral point terminal state, and then through the two current winding taps to be turned on, the load current flows through the second switch T2, the first vacuum tube V2, and the transition resistance R to the middle The current winding tap and the preselected new winding tap in the seventh time sequence are turned on, and the load current passes through the first switch T1, the first vacuum tube V1 branch and the second switch T2 at the same time. , the first vacuum tube V2 and the transition resistance R branch flow to the neutral point terminal state, and then enter only the new pre-selected winding tap is turned on, the load current flows through the first switch T1, the first vacuum tube V1 flows to the neutral point and leads out terminal state, and finally the new preselected winding tap is turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point terminal state through the main switch connected to the preselected new winding tap.
优选的，从第一绕组抽头N切换到第二绕组抽头N+1过程中，步骤S7中过渡电路形成桥接，产生循环电流Ic，其中第一切换开关T1通过的循环电流Ic与负载电流方向相同，第二切换开关T2通过的循环电流Ic与负载电流方向相反。Preferably, in the process of switching from the first winding tap N to the second winding tap N+1, the transition circuit forms a bridge in step S7 to generate a circulating current Ic, wherein the circulating current Ic passed by the first switch T1 is in the same direction as the load current , the circulating current Ic passed through the second switch T2 is opposite to the direction of the load current.
优选的，从第二绕组抽头N+1切换到第一绕组抽头N过程中，第7个时序中过渡电路形成桥接，产生循环电流Ic，其中第一切换开关T1通过的循环电流Ic与负载电流方向反，第二切换开关T2通过的循环电流Ic与负载电流方向相同。Preferably, in the process of switching from the second winding tap N+1 to the first winding tap N, the transition circuit forms a bridge in the seventh sequence to generate a circulating current Ic, wherein the circulating current Ic passed by the first switch T1 and the load current In the opposite direction, the circulating current Ic passing through the second switch T2 is in the same direction as the load current.
优选的，过渡电路形成桥接的状态在切换过程中维持5-10ms。Preferably, the state in which the transition circuit forms a bridge is maintained for 5-10ms during the switching process.
优选的，有载切换开关从当前的绕组抽头切换到预选的新的绕组抽头的切换时间为100ms-110ms。Preferably, the switching time of the on-load switch from the current winding tap to the preselected new winding tap is 100ms-110ms.
一种真空有载分接开关切换控制设备，包括：A vacuum on-load tap changer switching control device, comprising:
一个或多个处理器；one or more processors;
存储装置，用于存储一个或多个程序，storage means for storing one or more programs,
当所述一个或多个程序被所述一个或多个处理器执行，使得所述一个或多个处理器所述的切换控制方法。When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors cause the described switching control method.
一种可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时实施所述的切换控制方法。A readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, implements the switching control method.
由于采用了上述的技术方案，本发明与现有技术相比存在以下优点：Due to adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
1、本发明的过渡电路只需2个真空管，结构简单，有利于减少开关的故障率和制造成本。1. The transition circuit of the present invention only needs two vacuum tubes, the structure is simple, and the failure rate and manufacturing cost of the switch are reduced.
2、采用本发明的过渡电路的分接开关在正反切换过程中时序对称，无需提拉变轨机构。2. The tap changer using the transition circuit of the present invention has a symmetrical timing sequence during the forward and reverse switching process, and does not need to pull the rail changing mechanism.
3、本发明的过渡电路切换时间短，过渡电阻发热小。3. The switching time of the transition circuit of the present invention is short, and the heat generation of the transition resistance is small.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的真空有载分接开关双真空管往复式过渡电路的示意图，其中示出绕组抽头N被接通的基本位置；Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit of the vacuum on-load tap-changer of the present invention, wherein the basic position where the winding tap N is turned on is shown;
图2至图10为负载从绕组抽头N转换到绕组抽头N+1过程中各个步骤的本发明的真空有载分接开关双真空管往复式过渡电路的示意图，其中图10示出绕组抽头N+1被接通的基本位置；2 to 10 are schematic diagrams of the double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit of the vacuum on-load tap-changer of the present invention in each step in the process of load switching from winding tap N to winding tap N+1, wherein FIG. 10 shows winding tap N+ 1 is the basic position switched on;
图11至图16为负载从绕组抽头N+1转换到绕组抽头N过程中某些中间步骤的本发明的真空有载分接开关双真空管往复式过渡电路的示意图；11 to 16 are schematic diagrams of the double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit of the vacuum on-load tap-changer of the present invention with some intermediate steps in the process of load switching from winding tap N+1 to winding tap N;
图17为负载从绕组抽头N转换到绕组抽头N+1过程中本发明的真空有载分接开关双真空管往复式过渡电路中各开关通断的时序图；17 is a timing diagram of the on-off of each switch in the double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit of the vacuum on-load tap-changer of the present invention during the process of load switching from winding tap N to winding tap N+1;
图18为负载从绕组抽头N+1转换到绕组抽头N过程中本发明的真空有载分接开关双真空管往复式过渡电路中各开关通断的时序图。FIG. 18 is a timing diagram of on-off of each switch in the double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit of the vacuum on-load tap-changer of the present invention during the process of load switching from winding tap N+1 to winding tap N.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
图1示出本发明的真空有载分接开关双真空管往复式过渡电路的示意图。本发明的真空有载分接开关双真空管往复式过渡电路位于第一绕组抽头N和第二绕组抽头N+1之间，包括第一主开关M1、第二主开关M2、第一切换开关T1、第二切换开关T2、第一真空管V1、第二真空管V2、过渡电阻R。第一主开关M1的一端与第一绕组抽头N连接；第二主开关M2的一端与第二绕组抽头N+1连接；第一切换开关T1包括第一静触点T11、第二静触点T12、第三静触点T13、第四静触点T14。第一静触点T11与第一绕组抽头N连接，第二静触点T12与第二绕组抽头N+1连接，第三静触点T13、第四静触点T14都与第一真空管V1的一端连接；第二切换开关T2包括第一静触点T21、第二静触点T22、第三静触点T23、第四静触点T24。第一静触点T21与第一绕组抽头N连接，第二静触点T22与第二绕组抽头N+1连接，第三静触点T23、第四静触点T24都与第二真空管V2的一端连接；第二真空管V2的另一端与过渡电阻R连接。第一主开关T1、第二主开关T2、第一真空管V1和过渡电阻R的另一端均电连接至有载分接开关的中性点引出端0。第一切换开关T1构造成单刀双掷开关，其中，第一静触点T11与第三静触点T13连接构成开关的第一稳态，第二静触点T12与第四静触点T14连接构成开关的第二稳态。第二切换开关T2构造成单刀三掷开关，其中，第一静触点T21与第三静触点T23连接构成开关的第一稳态，第二静触点T22与第四静触点T24连接构成开关的第二稳态，第一静触点T21、第二静触点T22、第三静触点T23、第四静触点T24均不连接的位置存在开关的第三稳态，即如图1所示，第二切换开关T2位于第一静触点T21与第二静触点T22的中间位置以及第三静触点T23与第四静触点T24的中间位置时，第二切换开关T2处于第三稳态。FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit of the vacuum on-load tap-changer of the present invention. The double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit of the vacuum on-load tap-changer of the present invention is located between the first winding tap N and the second winding tap N+1, and includes a first main switch M1, a second main switch M2, and a first switch T1. , the second switch T2, the first vacuum tube V1, the second vacuum tube V2, and the transition resistor R. One end of the first main switch M1 is connected to the first winding tap N; one end of the second main switch M2 is connected to the second winding tap N+1; the first switch T1 includes a first static contact T11, a second static contact T12, the third static contact T13, the fourth static contact T14. The first static contact T11 is connected to the first winding tap N, the second static contact T12 is connected to the second winding tap N+1, and the third static contact T13 and the fourth static contact T14 are both connected to the first vacuum tube V1. One end is connected; the second switch T2 includes a first static contact T21, a second static contact T22, a third static contact T23, and a fourth static contact T24. The first static contact T21 is connected to the first winding tap N, the second static contact T22 is connected to the second winding tap N+1, and the third static contact T23 and the fourth static contact T24 are both connected to the second vacuum tube V2. One end is connected; the other end of the second vacuum tube V2 is connected with the transition resistor R. The other ends of the first main switch T1 , the second main switch T2 , the first vacuum tube V1 and the transition resistor R are all electrically connected to the neutral point lead terminal 0 of the on-load tap changer. The first switch T1 is configured as a single-pole double-throw switch, wherein the first static contact T11 is connected with the third static contact T13 to form the first steady state of the switch, and the second static contact T12 is connected with the fourth static contact T14. constitutes the second steady state of the switch. The second switch T2 is configured as a single-pole, three-throw switch, wherein the first static contact T21 is connected with the third static contact T23 to form the first steady state of the switch, and the second static contact T22 is connected with the fourth static contact T24 The second stable state of the switch is formed, and the third stable state of the switch exists at the position where the first static contact T21, the second static contact T22, the third static contact T23, and the fourth static contact T24 are not connected, that is, as As shown in FIG. 1, when the second switch T2 is located in the middle position of the first static contact T21 and the second static contact T22 and the middle position of the third static contact T23 and the fourth static contact T24, the second switch T2 is in the third steady state.
当有载切换开关从绕组抽头N切换到绕组抽头N+1，切换过程如下：When the on-load switch is switched from winding tap N to winding tap N+1, the switching process is as follows:
如图1和图17所示，第一主开关M1导通，第二主开关M2断开，第一真空管V1导通，第二真空管V2断开，第一切换开关T1处于第一稳态(即 第一静触点T11与第三静触点T13连接)，第二切换开关T2处于第三稳态(即第二切换开关T2位于第一静触点T21与第二静触点T22的中间位置以及第三静触点T23与第四静触点T24的中间位置)，绕组抽头N被接通，负载电流通过第一主开关M1流向中性点引出端0。As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 17 , the first main switch M1 is turned on, the second main switch M2 is turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 is turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned off, and the first switch T1 is in the first steady state ( That is, the first static contact T11 is connected to the third static contact T13), and the second switch T2 is in the third steady state (that is, the second switch T2 is located in the middle of the first static contact T21 and the second static contact T22) position and the middle position of the third stationary contact T23 and the fourth stationary contact T24), the winding tap N is turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point terminal 0 through the first main switch M1.
如图2和图17所示，第一主开关M1断开，第二主开关M2继续断开，第一真空管V1继续导通，第二真空管V2继续断开，第一切换开关T1继续处于第一稳态(即第一静触点T11与第三静触点T13连接)，第二切换开关T2继续处于第三稳态(即第二切换开关T2位于第一静触点T21与第二静触点T22的中间位置以及第三静触点T23与第四静触点T24的中间位置)，绕组抽头N继续被接通，负载电流通过第一切换开关T1、第一真空管V1流向中性点引出端0。As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 17 , the first main switch M1 is turned off, the second main switch M2 is kept turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 is kept on, the second vacuum tube V2 is kept turned off, and the first switch T1 is kept in the first In a steady state (that is, the first static contact T11 is connected to the third static contact T13), the second switch T2 continues to be in the third steady state (that is, the second switch T2 is located between the first static contact T21 and the second static contact T21). The middle position of the contact T22 and the middle position of the third static contact T23 and the fourth static contact T24), the winding tap N continues to be turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point through the first switch T1 and the first vacuum tube V1 terminal 0.
如图3和图17所示，第一主开关M1继续断开，第二主开关M2继续断开，第一真空管V1继续导通，第二真空管V2继续断开，第一切换开关T1继续处于第一稳态(即第一静触点T11与第三静触点T13连接)，第二切换开关T2处于第一稳态(即第一静触点T21与第三静触点T23连接)，绕组抽头N继续被接通，负载电流继续通过第一切换开关T1、第一真空管V1流向中性点引出端0。As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 17 , the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 continues to be turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 continues to be turned off, and the first switch T1 continues to be in The first steady state (that is, the first stationary contact T11 is connected to the third stationary contact T13), the second switch T2 is in the first steady state (that is, the first stationary contact T21 is connected to the third stationary contact T23), The winding tap N continues to be turned on, and the load current continues to flow to the neutral point lead-out terminal 0 through the first switch T1 and the first vacuum tube V1.
如图4和图17所示，第一主开关M1继续断开，第二主开关M2继续断开，第一真空管V1继续导通，第二真空管V2导通，第一切换开关T1继续处于第一稳态(即第一静触点T11与第三静触点T13连接)，第二切换开关T2继续处于第一稳态(即第一静触点T21与第三静触点T23连接)，绕组抽头N继续被接通，由于过渡电阻R的存在，负载电流继续通过第一切换开关T1、第一真空管V1流向中性点引出端0。As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 17 , the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 continues to be turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned on, and the first switch T1 continues to be in the first In a steady state (that is, the first stationary contact T11 is connected to the third stationary contact T13), the second switch T2 continues to be in the first steady state (that is, the first stationary contact T21 is connected to the third stationary contact T23), The winding tap N continues to be turned on, and due to the existence of the transition resistance R, the load current continues to flow to the neutral point lead-out terminal 0 through the first switch T1 and the first vacuum tube V1.
如图5和图17所示，第一主开关M1继续断开，第二主开关M2继续断开，第一真空管V1断开，第二真空管V2继续导通，第一切换开关T1继续处于第一稳态(即第一静触点T11与第三静触点T13连接)，第二切换 开关T2继续处于第一稳态(即第一静触点T21与第三静触点T23连接)，绕组抽头N继续被接通，负载电流通过第二切换开关T2、第一真空管V2、过渡电阻R流向中性点引出端0。As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 17 , the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 is turned off, the second vacuum tube V2 continues to be turned on, and the first switch T1 continues to be in the first In a steady state (that is, the first stationary contact T11 is connected to the third stationary contact T13), the second switch T2 continues to be in the first steady state (that is, the first stationary contact T21 is connected to the third stationary contact T23), The winding tap N continues to be turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point terminal 0 through the second switch T2, the first vacuum tube V2, and the transition resistor R.
如图6和图17所示，第一主开关M1继续断开，第二主开关M2继续断开，第一真空管V1继续断开，第二真空管V2继续导通，第一切换开关T1处于第二稳态(即第二静触点T12与第四静触点T14连接)，第二切换开关T2继续处于第一稳态(即第一静触点T21与第三静触点T23连接)，绕组抽头N继续被接通，负载电流继续通过第二切换开关T2、第一真空管V2、过渡电阻R流向中性点引出端0。As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 17 , the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 continues to be turned off, the second vacuum tube V2 continues to be turned on, and the first switch T1 is in the first Two stable states (that is, the second static contact T12 is connected to the fourth static contact T14), the second switch T2 continues to be in the first stable state (that is, the first static contact T21 is connected to the third static contact T23), The winding tap N continues to be turned on, and the load current continues to flow to the neutral point terminal 0 through the second switch T2, the first vacuum tube V2, and the transition resistor R.
如图7和图17所示，第一主开关M1继续断开，第二主开关M2继续断开，第一真空管V1导通，第二真空管V2继续导通，第一切换开关T1继续处于第二稳态(即第二静触点T12与第四静触点T14连接)，第二切换开关T2继续处于第一稳态(即第一静触点T21与第三静触点T23连接)，绕组抽头N和绕组抽头N+1均被接通，负载电流同时通过第一切换开关T1、第一真空管V1支路以及第二切换开关T2、第一真空管V2、过渡电阻R支路流向中性点引出端0。此时，过渡电路形成桥接，产生循环电流Ic，其中第一切换开关T1通过的循环电流Ic与负载电流方向相同，第二切换开关T2通过的循环电流Ic与负载电流方向相反。上述状态在切换过程中只维持很短的时间(一般为5-10ms)。As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 17 , the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 is turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned on, and the first switch T1 continues to be in the first Two stable states (that is, the second static contact T12 is connected to the fourth static contact T14), the second switch T2 continues to be in the first stable state (that is, the first static contact T21 is connected to the third static contact T23), Both winding tap N and winding tap N+1 are turned on, and the load current flows to neutral through the first switch T1, the first vacuum tube V1 branch and the second switch T2, the first vacuum tube V2, and the transition resistance R branch at the same time Click on pin 0. At this time, the transition circuit forms a bridge to generate a circulating current Ic, wherein the circulating current Ic through the first switch T1 is in the same direction as the load current, and the circulating current Ic through the second switch T2 is in the opposite direction to the load current. The above state is only maintained for a short time (usually 5-10ms) during the switching process.
如图8和图17所示，第一主开关M1继续断开，第二主开关M2继续断开，第一真空管V1继续导通，第二真空管V2断开，第一切换开关T1继续处于第二稳态(即第二静触点T12与第四静触点T14连接)，第二切换开关T2继续处于第一稳态(即第一静触点T21与第三静触点T23连接)，绕组抽头N+1被接通，负载电流通过第一切换开关T1、第一真空管V1流向中性点引出端0。As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 17 , the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 continues to be turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned off, and the first switch T1 continues to be in the first Two stable states (that is, the second static contact T12 is connected to the fourth static contact T14), the second switch T2 continues to be in the first stable state (that is, the first static contact T21 is connected to the third static contact T23), The winding tap N+1 is turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point terminal 0 through the first switch T1 and the first vacuum tube V1.
如图9和图17所示，第一主开关M1继续断开，第二主开关M2继续断开，第一真空管V1继续导通，第二真空管V2继续断开，第一切换开关T1继续处于第二稳态(即第二静触点T12与第四静触点T14连接)，第二切换开关T2处于第三稳态(即第二切换开关T2位于第一静触点T21与第二静触点T22的中间位置以及第三静触点T23与第四静触点T24的中间位置)，绕组抽头N+1继续被接通，负载电流继续通过第一切换开关T1、第一真空管V1流向中性点引出端0。As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 17 , the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 continues to be turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 continues to be turned off, and the first switch T1 continues to be in The second stable state (ie the second static contact T12 is connected to the fourth static contact T14), the second switch T2 is in the third stable state (ie the second switch T2 is located between the first static contact T21 and the second static contact T21) The middle position of the contact T22 and the middle position of the third static contact T23 and the fourth static contact T24), the winding tap N+1 continues to be turned on, and the load current continues to flow through the first switch T1 and the first vacuum tube V1. Neutral point terminal 0.
如图10和图17所示，第一主开关M1继续断开，第二主开关M2导通，第一真空管V1继续导通，第二真空管V2继续断开，第一切换开关T1继续处于第二稳态(即第二静触点T12与第四静触点T14连接)，第二切换开关T2继续处于第三稳态(即第二切换开关T2位于第一静触点T21与第二静触点T22的中间位置以及第三静触点T23与第四静触点T24的中间位置)，绕组抽头N+1继续被接通，负载电流通过第二主开关M2流向中性点引出端0。As shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 17 , the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 is turned on, the first vacuum tube V1 continues to be turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 continues to be turned off, and the first switch T1 continues to be in the first Two stable states (that is, the second static contact T12 is connected to the fourth static contact T14), and the second switch T2 continues to be in the third stable state (that is, the second switch T2 is located between the first static contact T21 and the second static contact T21). The middle position of the contact T22 and the middle position of the third static contact T23 and the fourth static contact T24), the winding tap N+1 continues to be turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point terminal 0 through the second main switch M2 .
当有载切换开关从绕组抽头N+1切换到绕组抽头N，切换过程与有载切换开关从绕组抽头N切换到绕组抽头N+1的切换过程大致相反，具体如下：When the on-load switch is switched from winding tap N+1 to winding tap N, the switching process is roughly opposite to the switching process of the on-load switch from winding tap N to winding tap N+1, as follows:
如图10和图18所示，第一主开关M1断开，第二主开关M2导通，第一真空管V1导通，第二真空管V2断开，第一切换开关T1处于第二稳态(即第二静触点T12与第四静触点T14连接)，第二切换开关T2处于第三稳态(即第二切换开关T2位于第一静触点T21与第二静触点T22的中间位置以及第三静触点T23与第四静触点T24的中间位置)，绕组抽头N+1被接通，负载电流通过第二主开关M2流向中性点引出端0。As shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 18 , the first main switch M1 is turned off, the second main switch M2 is turned on, the first vacuum tube V1 is turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned off, and the first switch T1 is in the second steady state ( That is, the second static contact T12 is connected to the fourth static contact T14), and the second switch T2 is in the third steady state (that is, the second switch T2 is located in the middle of the first static contact T21 and the second static contact T22) position and the middle position of the third stationary contact T23 and the fourth stationary contact T24), the winding tap N+1 is turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point terminal 0 through the second main switch M2.
如图9和图18所示，第一主开关M1继续断开，第二主开关M2断开，第一真空管V1继续导通，第二真空管V2继续断开，第一切换开关T1继续处于第二稳态(即第二静触点T12与第四静触点T14连接)，第二切换开 关T2继续处于第三稳态(即第二切换开关T2位于第一静触点T21与第二静触点T22的中间位置以及第三静触点T23与第四静触点T24的中间位置)，绕组抽头N+1继续被接通，负载电流通过第一切换开关T1、第一真空管V1流向中性点引出端0。As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 18 , the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 is turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 continues to be turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 continues to be turned off, and the first switch T1 continues to be in the first Two stable states (that is, the second static contact T12 is connected to the fourth static contact T14), and the second switch T2 continues to be in the third stable state (that is, the second switch T2 is located between the first static contact T21 and the second static contact T21). The middle position of the contact T22 and the middle position of the third static contact T23 and the fourth static contact T24), the winding tap N+1 continues to be turned on, and the load current flows through the first switch T1 and the first vacuum tube V1 to the middle Sex point terminal 0.
如图11和图18所示，第一主开关M1继续断开，第二主开关M2继续断开，第一真空管V1继续导通，第二真空管V2继续断开，第一切换开关T1继续处于第二稳态(即第二静触点T12与第四静触点T14连接)，第二切换开关T2处于第二稳态(即第二静触点T22与第四静触点T24连接)，绕组抽头N+1继续被接通，负载电流继续通过第一切换开关T1、第一真空管V1流向中性点引出端0。As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 18 , the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 continues to be turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 continues to be turned off, and the first switch T1 continues to be in The second steady state (that is, the second stationary contact T12 is connected to the fourth stationary contact T14), the second switch T2 is in the second steady state (that is, the second stationary contact T22 is connected to the fourth stationary contact T24), The winding tap N+1 continues to be turned on, and the load current continues to flow to the neutral point lead-out terminal 0 through the first switch T1 and the first vacuum tube V1.
如图12和图18所示，第一主开关M1继续断开，第二主开关M2继续断开，第一真空管V1继续导通，第二真空管V2导通，第一切换开关T1继续处于第二稳态(即第二静触点T12与第四静触点T14连接)，第二切换开关T2继续处于第二稳态(即第二静触点T22与第四静触点T24连接)，绕组抽头N+1继续被接通，由于过渡电阻R的存在，负载电流继续通过第一切换开关T1、第一真空管V1流向中性点引出端0。As shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 18 , the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 continues to be turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned on, and the first switch T1 continues to be in the first Two stable states (that is, the second static contact T12 is connected to the fourth static contact T14), the second switch T2 continues to be in the second stable state (that is, the second static contact T22 is connected to the fourth static contact T24), The winding tap N+1 continues to be turned on, and due to the existence of the transition resistance R, the load current continues to flow to the neutral point terminal 0 through the first switch T1 and the first vacuum tube V1.
如图13和图18所示，第一主开关M1继续断开，第二主开关M2继续断开，第一真空管V1断开，第二真空管V2继续导通，第一切换开关T1继续处于第二稳态(即第二静触点T12与第四静触点T14连接)，第二切换开关T2继续处于第二稳态(即第二静触点T22与第四静触点T24连接)，绕组抽头N+1继续被接通，负载电流通过第二切换开关T2、第二真空管V2、过渡电阻R流向中性点引出端0。As shown in FIG. 13 and FIG. 18 , the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 is turned off, the second vacuum tube V2 continues to be turned on, and the first switch T1 continues to be in the first Two stable states (that is, the second static contact T12 is connected to the fourth static contact T14), the second switch T2 continues to be in the second stable state (that is, the second static contact T22 is connected to the fourth static contact T24), The winding tap N+1 continues to be turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point terminal 0 through the second switch T2, the second vacuum tube V2, and the transition resistor R.
如图14和图18所示，第一主开关M1继续断开，第二主开关M2继续断开，第一真空管V1继续断开，第二真空管V2继续导通，第一切换开关T1处于第一稳态(即第一静触点T11与第三静触点T13连接)，第二切换开关T2继续处于第二稳态(即第二静触点T22与第四静触点T24连接)， 绕组抽头N+1继续被接通，负载电流继续通过第二切换开关T2、第二真空管V2、过渡电阻R流向中性点引出端0。As shown in FIG. 14 and FIG. 18 , the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 continues to be turned off, the second vacuum tube V2 continues to be turned on, and the first switch T1 is in the first In a steady state (that is, the first stationary contact T11 is connected to the third stationary contact T13), the second switch T2 continues to be in the second stationary state (that is, the second stationary contact T22 is connected to the fourth stationary contact T24), The winding tap N+1 continues to be turned on, and the load current continues to flow to the neutral point terminal 0 through the second switch T2, the second vacuum tube V2, and the transition resistor R.
如图15和图18所示，第一主开关M1继续断开，第二主开关M2继续断开，第一真空管V1导通，第二真空管V2继续导通，第一切换开关T1继续处于第一稳态(即第一静触点T11与第三静触点T13连接)，第二切换开关T2继续处于第二稳态(即第二静触点T22与第四静触点T24连接)，绕组抽头N和绕组抽头N+1均被接通，负载电流同时通过第一切换开关T1、第一真空管V1支路以及第二切换开关T2、第一真空管V2、过渡电阻R支路流向中性点引出端0。此时，过渡电路形成桥接，产生循环电流Ic，其中第一切换开关T1通过的循环电流Ic与负载电流方向反，第二切换开关T2通过的循环电流Ic与负载电流方向相同。上述状态在切换过程中只维持很短的时间(一般为5-10ms)。As shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 18 , the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 is turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned on, and the first switch T1 continues to be in the first In a steady state (that is, the first stationary contact T11 is connected to the third stationary contact T13), the second switch T2 continues to be in the second stationary state (that is, the second stationary contact T22 is connected to the fourth stationary contact T24), Both winding tap N and winding tap N+1 are turned on, and the load current flows to neutral through the first switch T1, the first vacuum tube V1 branch and the second switch T2, the first vacuum tube V2, and the transition resistance R branch at the same time Click on pin 0. At this time, the transition circuit forms a bridge to generate a circulating current Ic, wherein the circulating current Ic through the first switch T1 is in the opposite direction to the load current, and the circulating current Ic through the second switch T2 is in the same direction as the load current. The above state is only maintained for a short time (usually 5-10ms) during the switching process.
如图16和图18所示，第一主开关M1继续断开，第二主开关M2继续断开，第一真空管V1继续导通，第二真空管V2断开，第一切换开关T1继续处于第一稳态(即第一静触点T11与第三静触点T13连接)，第二切换开关T2继续处于第二稳态(即第二静触点T22与第四静触点T24连接)，绕组抽头N被接通，负载电流通过第一切换开关T1、第一真空管V1流向中性点引出端0。As shown in FIG. 16 and FIG. 18 , the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 continues to be turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned off, and the first switch T1 continues to be in the first In a steady state (that is, the first stationary contact T11 is connected to the third stationary contact T13), the second switch T2 continues to be in the second stationary state (that is, the second stationary contact T22 is connected to the fourth stationary contact T24), The winding tap N is turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point terminal 0 through the first switch T1 and the first vacuum tube V1.
如图2和图18所示，第一主开关M1继续断开，第二主开关M2继续断开，第一真空管V1继续导通，第二真空管V2继续断开，第一切换开关T1继续处于第一稳态(即第一静触点T11与第三静触点T13连接)，第二切换开关T2处于第三稳态(即第二切换开关T2位于第一静触点T21与第二静触点T22的中间位置以及第三静触点T23与第四静触点T24的中间位置)，绕组抽头N继续被接通，负载电流继续通过第一切换开关T1、第一真空管V1流向中性点引出端0。As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 18 , the first main switch M1 continues to be turned off, the second main switch M2 continues to be turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 continues to be turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 continues to be turned off, and the first switch T1 continues to be in The first stable state (that is, the first static contact T11 is connected to the third static contact T13), and the second switch T2 is in the third stable state (that is, the second switch T2 is located between the first static contact T21 and the second static contact T21. The middle position of the contact T22 and the middle position of the third static contact T23 and the fourth static contact T24), the winding tap N continues to be turned on, and the load current continues to flow to neutral through the first switch T1 and the first vacuum tube V1 Click on pin 0.
如图1和图18所示，第一主开关M1导通，第二主开关M2继续断开，第一真空管V1继续导通，第二真空管V2继续断开，第一切换开关T1继续处于第一稳态(即第一静触点T11与第三静触点T13连接)，第二切换开关T2继续处于第三稳态(即第二切换开关T2位于第一静触点T21与第二静触点T22的中间位置以及第三静触点T23与第四静触点T24的中间位置)，绕组抽头N继续被接通，负载电流通过第一主开关M1流向中性点引出端0。As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 18 , the first main switch M1 is turned on, the second main switch M2 is turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 is turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned off, and the first switch T1 is kept in the first In a steady state (that is, the first static contact T11 is connected to the third static contact T13), the second switch T2 continues to be in the third steady state (that is, the second switch T2 is located between the first static contact T21 and the second static contact T21). The middle position of the contact T22 and the middle position of the third stationary contact T23 and the fourth stationary contact T24), the winding tap N continues to be turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point terminal 0 through the first main switch M1.
如图17和图18所示，负载从绕组抽头N转换到绕组抽头N+1过程中和从绕组抽头N+1转换到绕组抽头N过程中开关的时序图是对称的，也就是说，在正反切换过程中各开关的切换动作是对称的，无需使用提拉变轨机构。As shown in Figure 17 and Figure 18, the timing diagrams of the switches during the transition of the load from winding tap N to winding tap N+1 and from winding tap N+1 to winding tap N are symmetrical, that is, in During the forward and reverse switching process, the switching action of each switch is symmetrical, and there is no need to use a pull-up rail change mechanism.
本发明还提供一种真空有载分接开关双真空管往复式过渡电路切换控制方法，当有载切换开关从当前的绕组抽头切换到预选的新的绕组抽头，即从第一绕组抽头N切换到第二绕组抽头N+1切换过程如下：The invention also provides a switching control method for a double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit of a vacuum on-load tap changer. When the on-load switch is switched from the current winding tap to a preselected new winding tap, that is, from the first winding tap N to The switching process of the second winding tap N+1 is as follows:
S1、第一主开关M1导通，第二主开关M2断开，第一真空管V1导通，第二真空管V2断开，第一切换开关T1处于其中一个接通第一绕组抽头N的稳态记为第一稳态，第二切换开关T2处于不接通任何电路的稳态记为第三稳态；S1. The first main switch M1 is turned on, the second main switch M2 is turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 is turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned off, and the first switch T1 is in a steady state where one of the first winding taps N is turned on It is denoted as the first steady state, and the steady state in which the second switch T2 is not connected to any circuit is denoted as the third steady state;
S2、第一主开关M1断开，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S1不变；S2, the first main switch M1 is disconnected, and the rest of the components of the reciprocating transition circuit maintain S1 unchanged;
S3、控制第二切换开关T2切换至其中一个接通第一绕组抽头N的稳态记为第一稳态，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S2不变；S3, control the second switch T2 to switch to one of the steady states where the first winding tap N is turned on is recorded as the first steady state, and the remaining components of the reciprocating transition circuit maintain S2 unchanged;
S4、第二真空管V2导通，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S3不变；S4, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned on, and the remaining components of the reciprocating transition circuit remain unchanged at S3;
S5、第一真空管V1断开，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S4不变；S5, the first vacuum tube V1 is disconnected, and the remaining components of the reciprocating transition circuit remain unchanged at S4;
S6、控制第一切换开关T1切换至其中一个接通第二绕组抽头N+1的稳态记为第二稳态，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S5不变；S6, control the first switching switch T1 to switch to one of the steady states where the second winding tap N+1 is turned on is recorded as the second steady state, and the remaining components of the reciprocating transition circuit remain unchanged at S5;
S7、第一真空管V1导通，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S6不变；S7, the first vacuum tube V1 is turned on, and the remaining components of the reciprocating transition circuit remain unchanged at S6;
S8、第二真空管V2断开，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S7不变；S8, the second vacuum tube V2 is disconnected, and the remaining components of the reciprocating transition circuit remain unchanged at S7;
S9、控制第二切换开关T2切换至第三稳态，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S8不变；S9, control the second switch T2 to switch to the third steady state, and the remaining components of the reciprocating transition circuit remain unchanged in S8;
S10、第二主开关M2导通，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S9不变；S10, the second main switch M2 is turned on, and the remaining components of the reciprocating transition circuit remain unchanged at S9;
当有载切换开关从当前的绕组抽头切换到预选的新的绕组抽头，即从第二绕组抽头N+1切换到第一绕组抽头N，切换过程为反向依次执行S10至S1，其中S8-S3中控制第二切换开关T2切换至其中一个接通第二绕组抽头N+1的稳态记为第二稳态；When the on-load switch is switched from the current winding tap to the preselected new winding tap, that is, switching from the second winding tap N+1 to the first winding tap N, the switching process is reversed and sequentially executed S10 to S1, where S8- In S3, the second switching switch T2 is controlled to switch to one of the stable states where the second winding tap N+1 is turned on, and is recorded as the second stable state;
上述往复切换中，均为从当前的绕组抽头被接通，负载电流通过与当前的绕组抽头连接的主开关流向中性点引出端状态，连续经历三个当前的绕组抽头被接通，负载电流通过第一切换开关T1、第一真空管V1流向中性点引出端状态，再经两个当前的绕组抽头被接通，负载电流通过第二切换开关T2、第一真空管V2、过渡电阻R流向中性点引出端状态进入第7个时序中的当前的绕组抽头和预选的新的绕组抽头均被接通，负载电流同时通过第一切换开关T1、第一真空管V1支路以及第二切换开关T2、第一真空管V2、过渡电阻R支路流向中性点引出端状态，之后进入仅预选的新的绕组抽头被接通，负载电流通过第一切换开关T1、第一真空管V1流向中性点引出端状态，最后处于预选的新的绕组抽头被接通，负载电流通过与预选的新的绕组抽头连接的主开关流向中性点引出端状态。In the above-mentioned reciprocating switching, the current winding tap is turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point terminal state through the main switch connected with the current winding tap. After three current winding taps are turned on continuously, the load current flows. Through the first switch T1, the first vacuum tube V1 flows to the neutral point terminal state, and then through the two current winding taps to be turned on, the load current flows through the second switch T2, the first vacuum tube V2, and the transition resistance R to the middle The current winding tap and the preselected new winding tap in the seventh time sequence are turned on, and the load current passes through the first switch T1, the first vacuum tube V1 branch and the second switch T2 at the same time. , the first vacuum tube V2 and the transition resistance R branch flow to the neutral point terminal state, and then enter only the new pre-selected winding tap is turned on, the load current flows through the first switch T1, the first vacuum tube V1 flows to the neutral point and leads out terminal state, and finally the new preselected winding tap is turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point terminal state through the main switch connected to the preselected new winding tap.
本发明还提供一种真空有载分接开关切换控制设备，包括：一个或多个处理器；存储装置，用于存储一个或多个程序，当所述一个或多个程序被所述一个或多个处理器执行，使得所述一个或多个处理器实施上述切换控制方法。The present invention also provides a vacuum on-load tap changer switching control device, comprising: one or more processors; a storage device for storing one or more programs, when the one or more programs are stored by the one or more programs A plurality of processors execute, so that the one or more processors implement the above-described handover control method.
本发明还提供一种可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时实施上述切换控制方法。The present invention also provides a readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned switching control method is implemented.
以上所述，仅为本发明最佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不 局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above is only the best specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Substitutions should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明说明书中未作详细描述的内容属于本领域专业技术人员的公知技术。Contents that are not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belong to the well-known technology of those skilled in the art.

Claims (9)

  1. 一种真空有载分接开关双真空管往复式过渡电路，其特征在于，所述过渡电路包括第一主开关M1、第二主开关M2、第一切换开关T1、第二切换开关T2、第一真空管V1、第二真空管V2、过渡电阻R；A double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit for a vacuum on-load tap-changer, characterized in that the transition circuit includes a first main switch M1, a second main switch M2, a first switch T1, a second switch T2, a first switch Vacuum tube V1, second vacuum tube V2, transition resistor R;
    所述第一主开关M1、第二主开关M2的一端分别与第一绕组抽头N和第二绕组抽头N+1连接；所述第一切换开关T1至少具有一个能够接通第一绕组抽头N的稳态和一个能够接通第二绕组抽头N+1的稳态，所述第二切换开关T2至少具有三个稳态，且其中至少具有一个能够接通第一绕组抽头N的稳态、一个能够接通第二绕组抽头N+1的稳态以及一个不接通任何绕组抽头的稳态；第一真空管V1的一端连接至所述第一切换开关T1，第二真空管V2的一端连接至所述第二切换开关T2，第二真空管V2的另一端串联过渡电阻R；所述第一主开关M1、第二主开关M2、第一真空管V1和过渡电阻R的另一端均电连接至有载分接开关的中性点引出端。One ends of the first main switch M1 and the second main switch M2 are respectively connected to the first winding tap N and the second winding tap N+1; the first switch T1 has at least one switch that can turn on the first winding tap N The steady state and a steady state that can turn on the second winding tap N+1, the second switch T2 has at least three steady states, and at least one of which can turn on the first winding tap N steady state, A steady state that can turn on the second winding tap N+1 and a steady state that does not turn on any winding tap; one end of the first vacuum tube V1 is connected to the first switch T1, and one end of the second vacuum tube V2 is connected to The second switch T2, the other end of the second vacuum tube V2 is connected in series with the transition resistor R; the first main switch M1, the second main switch M2, the first vacuum tube V1 and the other end of the transition resistor R are all electrically connected to a Neutral terminal of the on-load tap-changer.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的过渡电路，其特征在于，所述第一切换开关T1、第二切换开关T2均包括第一静触点、第二静触点、第三静触点、第四静触点；第一切换开关T1、第二切换开关T2的第一静触点均与所述第一绕组抽头N连接，第一切换开关T1、第二切换开关T2的第二静触点均与所述第二绕组抽头N+1连接；第一切换开关T1的第三静触点、第四静触点均与第一真空管V1的一端连接；第二切换开关T2的第三静触点、第四静触点均与第二真空管V2的一端连接，第二真空管V2的另一端串联过渡电阻R。The transition circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first switch T1 and the second switch T2 include a first static contact, a second static contact, a third static contact, and a fourth static contact. Contacts; the first static contacts of the first switch T1 and the second switch T2 are both connected to the first winding tap N, and the second static contacts of the first switch T1 and the second switch T2 are both connected to the first winding tap N. The second winding tap N+1 is connected; the third static contact and the fourth static contact of the first switch T1 are connected to one end of the first vacuum tube V1; the third static contact of the second switch T2, The fourth static contacts are all connected to one end of the second vacuum tube V2, and the other end of the second vacuum tube V2 is connected in series with the transition resistance R.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的过渡电路，其特征在于，所述第一切换开关T1构造成单刀双掷开关，其中，第一静触点与第三静触点或第四静触点连接构成开关的第一稳态，第二静触点与第四静触点或第三静触点连接构成开关的第二稳态。The transition circuit according to claim 2, wherein the first switch T1 is configured as a single-pole double-throw switch, wherein the first static contact is connected with the third static contact or the fourth static contact to form a switch The first stable state of the switch, the second static contact is connected with the fourth static contact or the third static contact to form the second stable state of the switch.
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的过渡电路，其特征在于，所述第二切换开关T2构造成单刀三掷开关，其中，第一静触点与第三静触点或第四静触点连接构成开关的第一稳态，第二静触点与第四静触点或第三静触点连接构成开关的第二稳态，第一静触点、第二静触点、第三静触点、第四静触点均不连接的位置存在开关的第三稳态。The transition circuit according to claim 2, wherein the second switch T2 is configured as a single-pole, three-throw switch, wherein the first static contact is connected with the third static contact or the fourth static contact to form a switch The first stable state of the switch, the second static contact is connected with the fourth static contact or the third static contact to form the second stable state of the switch, the first static contact, the second static contact, the third static contact, The third steady state of the switch exists at the position where none of the fourth stationary contacts are connected.
  5. 一种真空有载分接开关双真空管往复式过渡电路切换控制方法，其特征在于当有载切换开关从当前的绕组抽头切换到预选的新的绕组抽头，即从第一绕组抽头N切换到第二绕组抽头N+1切换过程如下：A vacuum on-load tap changer double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit switching control method, characterized in that when the on-load switch is switched from a current winding tap to a pre-selected new winding tap, that is, from the first winding tap N to the first winding tap N. The switching process of the secondary winding tap N+1 is as follows:
    S1、第一主开关M1导通，第二主开关M2断开，第一真空管V1导通，第二真空管V2断开，第一切换开关T1处于其中一个接通第一绕组抽头N的稳态记为第一稳态，第二切换开关T2处于不接通任何电路的稳态记为第三稳态；S1. The first main switch M1 is turned on, the second main switch M2 is turned off, the first vacuum tube V1 is turned on, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned off, and the first switch T1 is in a steady state where one of the first winding taps N is turned on It is denoted as the first steady state, and the steady state in which the second switch T2 is not connected to any circuit is denoted as the third steady state;
    S2、第一主开关M1断开，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S1不变；S2, the first main switch M1 is disconnected, and the rest of the components of the reciprocating transition circuit maintain S1 unchanged;
    S3、控制第二切换开关T2切换至其中一个接通第一绕组抽头N的稳态记为第一稳态，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S2不变；S3, control the second switch T2 to switch to one of the steady states where the first winding tap N is turned on is recorded as the first steady state, and the remaining components of the reciprocating transition circuit maintain S2 unchanged;
    S4、第二真空管V2导通，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S3不变；S4, the second vacuum tube V2 is turned on, and the remaining components of the reciprocating transition circuit remain unchanged at S3;
    S5、第一真空管V1断开，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S4不变；S5, the first vacuum tube V1 is disconnected, and the remaining components of the reciprocating transition circuit remain unchanged at S4;
    S6、控制第一切换开关T1切换至其中一个接通第二绕组抽头N+1的稳态记为第二稳态，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S5不变；S6, control the first switching switch T1 to switch to one of the steady states where the second winding tap N+1 is turned on is recorded as the second steady state, and the remaining components of the reciprocating transition circuit remain unchanged at S5;
    S7、第一真空管V1导通，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S6不变；S7, the first vacuum tube V1 is turned on, and the remaining components of the reciprocating transition circuit remain unchanged at S6;
    S8、第二真空管V2断开，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S7不变；S8, the second vacuum tube V2 is disconnected, and the remaining components of the reciprocating transition circuit remain unchanged at S7;
    S9、控制第二切换开关T2切换至第三稳态，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S8不变；S9, control the second switch T2 to switch to the third steady state, and the remaining components of the reciprocating transition circuit remain unchanged in S8;
    S10、第二主开关M2导通，往复式过渡电路其余部件维持S9不变；S10, the second main switch M2 is turned on, and the remaining components of the reciprocating transition circuit remain unchanged at S9;
    当有载切换开关从当前的绕组抽头切换到预选的新的绕组抽头，即从第二绕组抽头N+1切换到第一绕组抽头N，切换过程为反向依次执行S10至 S1，其中S8-S3中控制第二切换开关T2切换至其中一个接通第二绕组抽头N+1的稳态记为第二稳态；When the on-load switch is switched from the current winding tap to the preselected new winding tap, that is, switching from the second winding tap N+1 to the first winding tap N, the switching process is reversed and sequentially executed S10 to S1, where S8- In S3, the second switching switch T2 is controlled to switch to one of the stable states where the second winding tap N+1 is turned on, and is recorded as the second stable state;
    上述往复切换中，均为从当前的绕组抽头被接通，负载电流通过与当前的绕组抽头连接的主开关流向中性点引出端状态，连续经历三个当前的绕组抽头被接通，负载电流通过第一切换开关T1、第一真空管V1流向中性点引出端状态，再经两个当前的绕组抽头被接通，负载电流通过第二切换开关T2、第一真空管V2、过渡电阻R流向中性点引出端状态进入第7个时序中的当前的绕组抽头和预选的新的绕组抽头均被接通，负载电流同时通过第一切换开关T1、第一真空管V1支路以及第二切换开关T2、第一真空管V2、过渡电阻R支路流向中性点引出端状态，之后进入仅预选的新的绕组抽头被接通，负载电流通过第一切换开关T1、第一真空管V1流向中性点引出端状态，最后处于预选的新的绕组抽头被接通，负载电流通过与预选的新的绕组抽头连接的主开关流向中性点引出端状态。In the above-mentioned reciprocating switching, the current winding tap is turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point terminal state through the main switch connected with the current winding tap. After three current winding taps are turned on continuously, the load current flows. Through the first switch T1, the first vacuum tube V1 flows to the neutral point terminal state, and then through the two current winding taps to be turned on, the load current flows through the second switch T2, the first vacuum tube V2, and the transition resistance R to the middle The current winding tap and the preselected new winding tap in the seventh time sequence are turned on, and the load current passes through the first switch T1, the first vacuum tube V1 branch and the second switch T2 at the same time. , the first vacuum tube V2 and the transition resistance R branch flow to the neutral point terminal state, and then enter only the new pre-selected winding tap is turned on, the load current flows through the first switch T1, the first vacuum tube V1 flows to the neutral point and leads out terminal state, and finally the new preselected winding tap is turned on, and the load current flows to the neutral point terminal state through the main switch connected to the preselected new winding tap.
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的切换控制方法，其特征在于：从第一绕组抽头N切换到第二绕组抽头N+1过程中，步骤S7中过渡电路形成桥接，产生循环电流Ic，其中第一切换开关T1通过的循环电流Ic与负载电流方向相同，第二切换开关T2通过的循环电流Ic与负载电流方向相反。The switching control method according to claim 5, wherein: in the process of switching from the first winding tap N to the second winding tap N+1, in step S7, the transition circuit forms a bridge to generate a circulating current Ic, wherein the first switching The circulating current Ic passed through the switch T1 is in the same direction as the load current, and the circulating current Ic passed through the second switch T2 is in the opposite direction to the load current.
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的切换控制方法，其特征在于：从第二绕组抽头N+1切换到第一绕组抽头N过程中，第7个时序中过渡电路形成桥接，产生循环电流Ic，其中第一切换开关T1通过的循环电流Ic与负载电流方向反，第二切换开关T2通过的循环电流Ic与负载电流方向相同。The switching control method according to claim 5, wherein: in the process of switching from the second winding tap N+1 to the first winding tap N, in the seventh time sequence, the transition circuit forms a bridge to generate a circulating current Ic, wherein the first The circulating current Ic passing through a switch T1 is in the opposite direction to the load current, and the circulating current Ic passing through the second switching switch T2 is in the same direction as the load current.
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的切换控制方法，其特征在于：过渡电路形成桥接的状态在切换过程中维持5-10ms。The switching control method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: the state of the transition circuit forming a bridge is maintained for 5-10 ms during the switching process.
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的切换控制方法，其特征在于：有载切换开关从当前的绕组抽头切换到预选的新的绕组抽头的切换时间为100ms-110ms。The switching control method according to claim 5, wherein the switching time of the on-load switching switch from the current winding tap to the preselected new winding tap is 100ms-110ms.
PCT/CN2021/108798 2021-03-19 2021-07-28 Vacuum on-load tap changer double vacuum tube reciprocating transition circuit and switching control method thereof WO2022193522A1 (en)

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CN113113261B (en) * 2021-03-19 2022-09-27 北京航天控制仪器研究所 Double-vacuum-tube reciprocating transition circuit of vacuum on-load tap-changer and switching control method thereof
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