WO2022166001A1 - Caisson-type underground garage with combined arched sections, construction method and building - Google Patents

Caisson-type underground garage with combined arched sections, construction method and building Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2022166001A1
WO2022166001A1 PCT/CN2021/089383 CN2021089383W WO2022166001A1 WO 2022166001 A1 WO2022166001 A1 WO 2022166001A1 CN 2021089383 W CN2021089383 W CN 2021089383W WO 2022166001 A1 WO2022166001 A1 WO 2022166001A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
garage
caisson
arch
type underground
combined
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/089383
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
贾强
林彦
Original Assignee
山东建筑大学
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 山东建筑大学 filed Critical 山东建筑大学
Publication of WO2022166001A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022166001A1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H6/00—Buildings for parking cars, rolling-stock, aircraft, vessels or like vehicles, e.g. garages
    • E04H6/08—Garages for many vehicles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/04—Making large underground spaces, e.g. for underground plants, e.g. stations of underground railways; Construction or layout thereof
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/0007—Base structures; Cellars
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H6/00—Buildings for parking cars, rolling-stock, aircraft, vessels or like vehicles, e.g. garages
    • E04H6/08—Garages for many vehicles
    • E04H6/10—Garages for many vehicles without mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles, e.g. with helically-arranged fixed ramps, with movable ramps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure

Definitions

  • the application relates to a method for adding an underground parking lot to an existing building, in particular to a combined arch-section caisson-type underground garage, a construction method and a building.
  • the storage room is generally set directly below the building, and the underground space between the buildings is generally set as an underground parking lot.
  • caisson technology is often used to add mechanical garages.
  • the traditional caisson technology is a kind of geotechnical excavation technology for constructing deep foundations.
  • the section of the caisson is usually circular.
  • the ground continues to lengthen the wellbore until it reaches the design level.
  • the shaft is generally filled with sand or concrete. Under the action of horizontal water and earth pressure, the wellbore with a circular cross-section produces compressive stress on the well wall without tensile force, shear force or bending moment.
  • the caisson with the traditional cylindrical structure of the circular section is rare in underground garages, mainly because the parking spaces and the walking routes of the vehicles are not easy to arrange, which wastes a lot of space. Therefore, most of the existing caisson-type underground garages have a rectangular section, but this type of section generates large shear force and bending moment under the action of horizontal water and earth pressure, which greatly increases the amount of reinforcement in the section. At the same time, as a prefabricated caisson garage, due to the existence of bending moment, the splicing of components is difficult, and the joint structure is very complicated. In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, it is urgent to develop a caisson structure with reasonable force and suitable for the layout of parking spaces in the cylinder.
  • the first purpose of the present invention is to aim at the defects existing in the prior art, using the arched section (a part of the annular section) with reasonable stress (mainly under compression, no bending moment, shear force), while the rectangular section is easy to stop the layout of the characteristics , a caisson-type underground garage with a combined arched section is proposed, which not only bears a reasonable force, but also has a rectangular cross-section after the combination, which is beneficial to the parking layout.
  • the second object of the present invention is to propose a building including the garage based on the caisson-type underground garage with combined arched section.
  • the third object of the present invention is to propose a construction method for the above-mentioned caisson-type underground garage with combined arched section.
  • the fourth purpose of the present invention is to provide a building with the above-mentioned construction method for an underground garage.
  • a caisson-type underground garage with a combined arch section proposed by the present invention includes a standard unit in the middle and a semicircular arch wall at the end;
  • the middle standard unit is composed of two outer longitudinal arch walls and a transverse connecting wall connecting the ends of the outer longitudinal arch walls.
  • the arch ring of the outer longitudinal arch wall faces the soil side. There are door openings for vehicles to pass through;
  • End semi-circular arch walls are set at both ends of the central standard unit, and the arch ring of the arch wall should also face the soil side.
  • the space of the arch wall is set with a spiral ramp as the passage for the upper and lower floors of the vehicle;
  • the circular arch should extend from the caisson garage to the ground.
  • the radius of the arch ring of the outer longitudinal arch wall is generally set to the length of the transverse connecting wall, and the arc length is generally set to 1/6 to 1/4 of the circumference.
  • the middle part of the entire caisson garage is formed by splicing one or more standard units in the longitudinal direction, and a horizontal connecting wall is shared between adjacent standard units.
  • the length and width of the garage are determined by the distance between the existing buildings or the planning department.
  • each floor slab of the garage should be flush with the top of the hidden beam under the door opening to ensure the smoothness of the vehicle road.
  • the top plate and bottom plate of the garage can be connected with the topmost concealed beam and the bottommost concealed beam of the garage.
  • the present invention provides a building whose garage is the caisson-type underground garage with a combined arched section.
  • the third aspect, the construction method of the above-mentioned caisson-type underground garage of combined arched section is as follows:
  • a caisson-type underground garage with a standard storey height combined arch section is first built on the ground. If the garage is a reinforced concrete structure, it can be a cast-in-place integral type or a prefabricated assembly type; if the garage is a steel structure, it is a prefabricated assembly type. Afterwards, earth is dug in the inner space of the caisson while the caisson sinks. When a standard-storey garage is completely sunk to the ground, a standard-storey garage is extended above the garage, and the steps of digging and sinking are repeated until the design depth is reached. Construction of caisson floors, interior floors, roofs and ramps. Finally, the semicircular arch at the end leading to the ground is built.
  • the present invention provides a building whose underground garage is constructed by using the construction method.
  • the outer part of the caisson-type underground garage with combined arch section and the soil body are all arch walls. After bearing the load of water and soil, the pressure in the section of the component is mainly, and no reinforcement or less reinforcement is required.
  • the structural shape is symmetrical, the internal force is balanced, the force is reasonable, and the section size of the component is small. If it is a prefabricated structure, the joint design of the joint is simple and can be connected by bolts.
  • Fig. 1 is the plan view of the combined arch-section caisson sunk into the soil
  • Fig. 2 is the exposed ground part of the combined arch section caisson
  • Figure 3 is the side elevation view of the horizontal connecting wall of the standard floor (under construction);
  • Figure 4 is the side elevation view of the horizontal connecting wall on the standard floor (after setting the floor slab);
  • the present invention proposes a combined arch-section caisson-type underground garage.
  • the combined arch-section caisson-type underground garage includes a standard unit in the middle and a semicircular arch wall at the end:
  • the central standard unit of the caisson garage is composed of two outer longitudinal arch walls and a transverse connecting wall connecting the ends of the outer longitudinal arch walls.
  • the arch ring of the outer longitudinal arch wall faces the soil side to resist water and earth pressure, and transmit the pressure to the transverse connecting wall.
  • the radius of the arch ring of the outer longitudinal arch wall is generally set to the length of the horizontal connecting wall, and the arc length is generally set to 1/6 to 1/4 of the circumference.
  • the middle part of the whole caisson garage is composed of one or more standard units spliced in the longitudinal direction, but a horizontal connecting wall is shared between adjacent standard units, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, including two standard units, of which the left and right The standard units at both ends share a horizontal connecting wall with the standard unit in the middle, that is, four horizontal connecting walls are set for the three standard units in this embodiment.
  • the length and width of the garage are determined by the spacing between existing buildings or by the planning department.
  • a door opening is set on the horizontal connecting wall as a passage for the vehicle to travel. Taking the orientation shown in Figure 1 as an example, in the figure, the upper and lower parts of the five horizontal connecting walls 2 are provided with a door opening. .
  • the transverse connecting wall 2 needs to bear the water and earth pressure transmitted by the outer longitudinal arch wall, the setting of the door opening weakens the compressive bearing capacity of the transverse connecting wall 2, so the concealed beam 10 needs to be set up and down the door opening, as shown in Figure 3
  • the top surface of each floor slab of the garage should be flush with the top of the hidden beam 10 under the door opening to ensure the smoothness of the vehicle road.
  • the top plate of the garage can be connected to the topmost concealed beam 10 of the garage, and the bottom plate can be connected to the bottommost concealed beam 10 of the garage.
  • end semicircular arch walls are set at both ends of the caisson garage, the diameter of the arch wall is the length of the adjacent horizontal connecting wall, the arch ring of the arch wall should also face the soil side, and the space of the arch wall is set.
  • Spiral ramps serve as passages for vehicles up and down floors.
  • the ramp of the semi-circular arch wall at the end should extend from the caisson garage to the ground, that is, one end of the ramp extends to the ground, and the other end of the ramp is connected to the adjacent horizontal connecting wall. connected to the door.
  • the semicircular arch wall at the left end and the semicircular arch wall at the right end are indicated by solid lines that leak out of the ground (corresponding to the end semicircular arch wall out of the ground portion 7 in the figure), and
  • the semi-circular arch wall at the left end and the semi-circular arch wall at the right end are provided with a garage floor opening 6 as a garage entrance or/and opening;
  • the horizontal connecting wall out of the ground part 8 in the figure is also represented by a solid line;
  • the part 9 of the well-type underground garage embedded in the soil is indicated by a dotted line.
  • the above-mentioned caisson-type underground garage with combined arched section is all arch walls in contact with the soil. After bearing the load of water and soil, the pressure is mainly in the section of the component, and no or less reinforcement is required.
  • the structural shape is symmetrical, the internal force is balanced, the force is reasonable, and the section size of the component is small. If it is a prefabricated structure, the joint design of the joint is simple and can be connected by bolts.
  • caisson-type underground garage with a standard storey height and a combined arched section on the ground; if the garage is a reinforced concrete structure, it can be cast-in-place integral or prefabricated; If the garage is of steel structure, it is prefabricated. Afterwards, earth is dug in the inner space of the caisson while the caisson sinks. When a standard-storey garage is completely sunk to the ground, a standard-storey garage is extended above the garage, and the steps of digging and sinking are repeated until the design depth is reached. Construction of caisson floors, interior floors, roofs and ramps. Finally, the semicircular arch at the end leading to the ground is built.
  • this embodiment also provides a building, the underground garage of which is constructed by adopting the above structure or construction method.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed are a caisson-type underground garage with combined arched sections, a construction method and a building. The garage comprises a middle-portion standard unit and end-portion semicircular arched walls, wherein the middle-portion standard unit is composed of two outer-side longitudinal arched walls and a transverse connecting wall for connecting end portions of the outer-side longitudinal arched walls; arch rings of the outer-side longitudinal arched walls face a side of a soil mass; the transverse connecting wall is provided with a door opening for a vehicle to pass through; the end-portion semicircular arched walls are arranged at two ends of the middle-portion standard unit, arch rings of the arched walls also face the side of the soil mass, and the space of the arched walls is provided with a spiral ramp serving as a passage for the vehicle to go up and down floors; and the end-portion semicircular arched walls should extend from the caisson-type garage to the ground. Parts where outer sides of the caisson-type underground garage with combined arched sections are in contact with the soil mass are all the arched walls. After the caisson-type underground garage bears loads of water and soil, pressure is mainly in the component section, and no or less reinforcement is required. The structural shape is symmetrical, an internal force is balanced, the stress is reasonable, and the size of the component section is relatively small.

Description

一种组合拱形截面沉井式地下车库、施工方法及建筑物A combined arch section caisson-type underground garage, construction method and building 技术领域technical field
本申请涉及一种既有建筑物增设地下停车场的方法，具体涉及一种组合拱形截面沉井式地下车库、施工方法及建筑物。The application relates to a method for adding an underground parking lot to an existing building, in particular to a combined arch-section caisson-type underground garage, a construction method and a building.
背景技术Background technique
有序、合理、综合、高效地开发利用既有建筑物地下空间资源，成为扩充基础设施容量，提高城市综合防灾能力，提高土地利用效率与节约土地资源的最为有效的途径之一。新建建筑物根据城市规划的要求，多已考虑了地下空间的开发和利用。然而，大量的既有建筑因为历史的原因，缺少前瞻性而未设计地下停车场等，随着汽车数量的增加出现了停车难。因此，对既有建筑物地下空间的开发是一项艰巨而迫切的任务。The orderly, rational, comprehensive and efficient development and utilization of underground space resources of existing buildings has become one of the most effective ways to expand infrastructure capacity, improve urban comprehensive disaster prevention capabilities, improve land use efficiency and save land resources. According to the requirements of urban planning, new buildings have considered the development and utilization of underground space. However, a large number of existing buildings have not designed underground parking lots due to historical reasons, lack of forward-looking, etc. As the number of cars increases, parking is difficult. Therefore, the development of the underground space of existing buildings is a arduous and urgent task.
在大量办公或住宅建筑中，建筑物正下方一般设置为储藏室，建筑物之间地下空间一般设置为地下停车场。对于未设计地下停车场的既有建筑，多采用沉井技术增设立体式机械车库。传统的沉井技术是一种施工深基础的岩土开挖施工技术，沉井截面通常为圆环形，通过开挖井筒内的土方，使井筒下沉。地面不断接长井筒，直至设计标高。作为基础，井筒底部封口后，筒身内一般填筑砂石或混凝土。截面为圆环形的井筒在水平水、土压力作用下，井壁产生压应力，没有拉力、剪力或弯矩，采用混凝土或少量配筋即可承担，受力非常合理。然而，传统的圆环形截面的筒体结构沉井在地下车库中并不多见，主要是由于车位和车辆的行走路线不易布置，浪费大量的空间。因此，现有的沉井式 地下车库多为矩形截面，但这种形式的截面在水平水、土压力作用下产生较大剪力和弯矩，大大增加了截面的配筋量。同时，作为预制装配式沉井车库，由于弯矩的存在使得构件拼接困难，节点构造十分复杂。为克服现有技术的缺点，亟需研发一种受力合理，筒体内适合车位布局的沉井结构形式。In a large number of office or residential buildings, the storage room is generally set directly below the building, and the underground space between the buildings is generally set as an underground parking lot. For existing buildings without underground parking lots, caisson technology is often used to add mechanical garages. The traditional caisson technology is a kind of geotechnical excavation technology for constructing deep foundations. The section of the caisson is usually circular. The ground continues to lengthen the wellbore until it reaches the design level. As a foundation, after the bottom of the shaft is sealed, the shaft is generally filled with sand or concrete. Under the action of horizontal water and earth pressure, the wellbore with a circular cross-section produces compressive stress on the well wall without tensile force, shear force or bending moment. It can be borne by concrete or a small amount of reinforcement, and the stress is very reasonable. However, the caisson with the traditional cylindrical structure of the circular section is rare in underground garages, mainly because the parking spaces and the walking routes of the vehicles are not easy to arrange, which wastes a lot of space. Therefore, most of the existing caisson-type underground garages have a rectangular section, but this type of section generates large shear force and bending moment under the action of horizontal water and earth pressure, which greatly increases the amount of reinforcement in the section. At the same time, as a prefabricated caisson garage, due to the existence of bending moment, the splicing of components is difficult, and the joint structure is very complicated. In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, it is urgent to develop a caisson structure with reasonable force and suitable for the layout of parking spaces in the cylinder.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的第一发明目的是针对现有技术存在的缺陷，利用拱形截面(圆环截面一部分)受力合理(主要受压，无弯矩、剪力)，而矩形截面易于停车布局的特点，提出一种组合拱形截面的沉井式地下车库，不仅受力合理，而且组合后截面接近矩形，有利于停车布局。The first purpose of the present invention is to aim at the defects existing in the prior art, using the arched section (a part of the annular section) with reasonable stress (mainly under compression, no bending moment, shear force), while the rectangular section is easy to stop the layout of the characteristics , a caisson-type underground garage with a combined arched section is proposed, which not only bears a reasonable force, but also has a rectangular cross-section after the combination, which is beneficial to the parking layout.
本发明第二发明目的是基于组合拱形截面的沉井式地下车库，提出一种包括该车库的建筑物。The second object of the present invention is to propose a building including the garage based on the caisson-type underground garage with combined arched section.
本发明的第三发明目的是提出上述组合拱形截面的沉井式地下车库的施工方法。The third object of the present invention is to propose a construction method for the above-mentioned caisson-type underground garage with combined arched section.
本发明的第四发明目的是提出一种地下车库采用上述施工方法的建筑物。The fourth purpose of the present invention is to provide a building with the above-mentioned construction method for an underground garage.
本发明采用的技术方案如下：The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:
第一方面，本发明提出的一种组合拱形截面的沉井式地下车库，包括中部标准单元、端部半圆形拱墙；In the first aspect, a caisson-type underground garage with a combined arch section proposed by the present invention includes a standard unit in the middle and a semicircular arch wall at the end;
所述的中部标准单元由两道外侧纵向拱墙和连接外侧纵向拱墙端部的横向连接墙组成，所述的外侧纵向拱墙的拱圈朝向土体一侧，在所述的横向连接墙上设有供车辆穿行的门洞；The middle standard unit is composed of two outer longitudinal arch walls and a transverse connecting wall connecting the ends of the outer longitudinal arch walls. The arch ring of the outer longitudinal arch wall faces the soil side. There are door openings for vehicles to pass through;
在中部标准单元的两端设置端部半圆形拱墙，拱墙的拱圈也要朝向土体一侧，拱墙的空间设置螺旋形坡道作为车辆上、下楼层的通道；端部半圆形拱墙 应从沉井式车库延伸至地面。End semi-circular arch walls are set at both ends of the central standard unit, and the arch ring of the arch wall should also face the soil side. The space of the arch wall is set with a spiral ramp as the passage for the upper and lower floors of the vehicle; The circular arch should extend from the caisson garage to the ground.
进一步的，所述的外侧纵向拱墙的拱圈的半径一般设定为横向连接墙的长度，弧长一般设定为圆周长的1/6～1/4。Further, the radius of the arch ring of the outer longitudinal arch wall is generally set to the length of the transverse connecting wall, and the arc length is generally set to 1/6 to 1/4 of the circumference.
进一步的，整个沉井式车库的中部由一个或一个以上标准单元沿纵向拼接而成，且相邻标准单元之间共用一个横向连接墙。Further, the middle part of the entire caisson garage is formed by splicing one or more standard units in the longitudinal direction, and a horizontal connecting wall is shared between adjacent standard units.
进一步的，拼装后，车库的长度和宽度由既有建筑物之间的间距或者规划部门划定。Further, after assembling, the length and width of the garage are determined by the distance between the existing buildings or the planning department.
进一步的，由于横向连接墙需要承担外侧纵向拱墙传递来的水、土压力，门洞设置对横向连接墙的受压承载力有所削弱，因此门洞上下需设置暗梁。车库的各层楼板顶面应与门洞下暗梁的顶部平齐，以保证车辆道路的平整。车库的顶板和底板可与车库的最顶部暗梁和最底部暗梁连接。Further, since the lateral connecting wall needs to bear the water and earth pressure transmitted by the outer longitudinal arch wall, the compressive bearing capacity of the lateral connecting wall is weakened by the setting of the door opening, so concealed beams need to be set up and down the door opening. The top surface of each floor slab of the garage should be flush with the top of the hidden beam under the door opening to ensure the smoothness of the vehicle road. The top plate and bottom plate of the garage can be connected with the topmost concealed beam and the bottommost concealed beam of the garage.
第二方面，本发明提供了一种建筑物，其车库为所述的组合拱形截面的沉井式地下车库。In a second aspect, the present invention provides a building whose garage is the caisson-type underground garage with a combined arched section.
第三方面，上述的组合拱形截面的沉井式地下车库的施工方法如下：The third aspect, the construction method of the above-mentioned caisson-type underground garage of combined arched section is as follows:
在沉井式车库建造时，先行在地面上建造一个标准层高的组合拱形截面的沉井式地下车库。若车库为钢筋混凝土结构，可以为现浇整体式，也可以是预制拼装式；若车库为钢结构，则为预制拼装式。之后，在沉井的内部空间挖土，同时沉井下沉。在一个标准层高的车库完全沉至地面之下，在车库上方接长一个标准层高的车库，重复挖土和下沉等步骤，直至达到设计深度。修建沉井的底板、内部楼板、顶板和坡道。最后修建通往地面的端部半圆形拱墙。When the caisson garage is constructed, a caisson-type underground garage with a standard storey height combined arch section is first built on the ground. If the garage is a reinforced concrete structure, it can be a cast-in-place integral type or a prefabricated assembly type; if the garage is a steel structure, it is a prefabricated assembly type. Afterwards, earth is dug in the inner space of the caisson while the caisson sinks. When a standard-storey garage is completely sunk to the ground, a standard-storey garage is extended above the garage, and the steps of digging and sinking are repeated until the design depth is reached. Construction of caisson floors, interior floors, roofs and ramps. Finally, the semicircular arch at the end leading to the ground is built.
第四方面，本发明提供了一种建筑物，其地下车库采用所述的施工方法施工。In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a building whose underground garage is constructed by using the construction method.
与现有技术相比，本申请具有的优点和积极效果是：Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present application are:
(1)组合拱形截面的沉井式地下车库外侧与土体接触部分全部是拱墙，承受水、土荷载后，构件截面内主要是压力，可不配筋或少配筋。结构造型对称，内力得到平衡，受力合理，构件截面尺寸较小。若为预制装配式结构，接头的节点设计简单，以螺栓连接即可。(1) The outer part of the caisson-type underground garage with combined arch section and the soil body are all arch walls. After bearing the load of water and soil, the pressure in the section of the component is mainly, and no reinforcement or less reinforcement is required. The structural shape is symmetrical, the internal force is balanced, the force is reasonable, and the section size of the component is small. If it is a prefabricated structure, the joint design of the joint is simple and can be connected by bolts.
(2)组合拱形截面的沉井式地下车库内的整体空间接近于矩形，有利于车位的布局，空间利用率高。(2) The overall space in the caisson-type underground garage with combined arched section is close to a rectangle, which is beneficial to the layout of parking spaces and has high space utilization.
(3)由于两端的半圆形拱墙可作为上下层坡道，可将车辆直接驶入车库，不必做成机械升降式地下车库，提高了存车效率，节省了机械安装和运营的费用。(3) Since the semi-circular arch walls at both ends can be used as the upper and lower ramps, the vehicles can be directly driven into the garage, and there is no need to make a mechanical lift underground garage, which improves the efficiency of car storage and saves the cost of mechanical installation and operation.
附图说明Description of drawings
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。The accompanying drawings that form a part of the present application are used to provide further understanding of the present application, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute improper limitations on the present application.
图1为沉入土体中的组合拱形截面沉井平面图；Fig. 1 is the plan view of the combined arch-section caisson sunk into the soil;
图2为组合拱形截面沉井露出地面部分；Fig. 2 is the exposed ground part of the combined arch section caisson;
图3为标准层横向连接墙的侧立面图(下沉施工中)；Figure 3 is the side elevation view of the horizontal connecting wall of the standard floor (under construction);
图4为标准层横向连接墙的侧立面图(设置楼板后)；Figure 4 is the side elevation view of the horizontal connecting wall on the standard floor (after setting the floor slab);
其中，1、纵向外拱墙，2、横向连接墙，3、端部半圆形拱墙，4、行车坡道，5、门洞，6、车库地面开口，7、端部半圆形拱墙出地面部分，8、横向连接墙出地面部分，9、沉井式地下车库埋置在土体中部分，10、暗梁，11、标准层楼板。Among them, 1. Longitudinal outer arch wall, 2. Transverse connecting wall, 3. End semi-circular arch wall, 4. Driving ramp, 5. Door opening, 6. Garage floor opening, 7. End semi-circular arch wall Part out of the ground, 8. Part of the horizontal connection wall out of the ground, 9. Part of the underground caisson garage buried in the soil, 10. Concealed beam, 11. Standard floor slab.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
应该指出，以下详细说明都是例示性的，旨在对本发明提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明，本发明使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本发明的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非本发明另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合；It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the invention clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural as well, and it is also to be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "including" are used in this specification, Indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and/or combinations thereof;
为了方便叙述，本发明中如果出现“中部”、“左端”、“右端”、字样，仅表示与附图本身的左、中、右方向一致，并不对结构起限定作用,仅仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的设备或元件必须具有特定的方位，以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。For the convenience of description, if the words "middle", "left end" and "right end" appear in the present invention, it only means that the left, middle and right directions of the accompanying drawings are consistent, and do not limit the structure, but are only for the convenience of description. The present invention and simplified description are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.
正如背景技术所介绍的，现有技术中存在的不足，为了解决如上的技术问题，本发明提出了一种组合拱形截面沉井式地下车库。As described in the background art, there are deficiencies in the prior art. In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a combined arch-section caisson-type underground garage.
本发明的一种典型的实施方式中，如图1所示，组合拱形截面沉井式地下车库包括中部标准单元、端部半圆形拱墙：In a typical embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the combined arch-section caisson-type underground garage includes a standard unit in the middle and a semicircular arch wall at the end:
其中，沉井式车库的中部标准单元是由两道外侧纵向拱墙和连接外侧纵向拱墙端部的横向连接墙组成。外侧纵向拱墙的拱圈朝向土体一侧以抵抗水、土压力，并将压力向横向连接墙传递。外侧纵向拱墙的拱圈的半径一般设定为横向连接墙的长度，弧长一般设定为圆周长的1/6～1/4。Among them, the central standard unit of the caisson garage is composed of two outer longitudinal arch walls and a transverse connecting wall connecting the ends of the outer longitudinal arch walls. The arch ring of the outer longitudinal arch wall faces the soil side to resist water and earth pressure, and transmit the pressure to the transverse connecting wall. The radius of the arch ring of the outer longitudinal arch wall is generally set to the length of the horizontal connecting wall, and the arc length is generally set to 1/6 to 1/4 of the circumference.
整个沉井式车库的中部由一个或一个以上标准单元沿纵向拼接而成，但是 相邻标准单元之间共用一个横向连接墙，如图1、图2所示，包括两个标准单元，其中左右两端的标准单元与中间的标准单元共用一个横向连接墙，即本实施例中三个标准单元共设置了4道横向连接墙。The middle part of the whole caisson garage is composed of one or more standard units spliced in the longitudinal direction, but a horizontal connecting wall is shared between adjacent standard units, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, including two standard units, of which the left and right The standard units at both ends share a horizontal connecting wall with the standard unit in the middle, that is, four horizontal connecting walls are set for the three standard units in this embodiment.
拼装后，车库的长度和宽度由既有建筑物之间的间距或者规划部门划定。为保证车辆在车库中穿行，在横向连接墙上开设门洞，作为车辆行驶的通道，以图1所示的方位为例，在图中五个横向连接墙2的上部和下部均设置有一个门洞。进一步的，由于横向连接墙2需要承担外侧纵向拱墙传递来的水、土压力，门洞设置对横向连接墙2的受压承载力有所削弱，因此门洞上下需设置暗梁10，如图3所示，车库的各层楼板顶面应与门洞下暗梁10的顶部平齐，以保证车辆道路的平整。车库的顶板可与车库的最顶部暗梁10连接，底板可与车库的最底部暗梁10连接。After assembly, the length and width of the garage are determined by the spacing between existing buildings or by the planning department. In order to ensure that the vehicle passes through the garage, a door opening is set on the horizontal connecting wall as a passage for the vehicle to travel. Taking the orientation shown in Figure 1 as an example, in the figure, the upper and lower parts of the five horizontal connecting walls 2 are provided with a door opening. . Further, since the transverse connecting wall 2 needs to bear the water and earth pressure transmitted by the outer longitudinal arch wall, the setting of the door opening weakens the compressive bearing capacity of the transverse connecting wall 2, so the concealed beam 10 needs to be set up and down the door opening, as shown in Figure 3 As shown, the top surface of each floor slab of the garage should be flush with the top of the hidden beam 10 under the door opening to ensure the smoothness of the vehicle road. The top plate of the garage can be connected to the topmost concealed beam 10 of the garage, and the bottom plate can be connected to the bottommost concealed beam 10 of the garage.
进一步的，在沉井式车库的两端设置端部半圆形拱墙，拱墙直径为相邻横向连接墙的长度，拱墙的拱圈也要朝向土体一侧，拱墙的空间设置螺旋形坡道作为车辆上、下楼层的通道。为保证车辆从地面进出车库，端部半圆形拱墙的坡道应从沉井式车库延伸至地面，即坡道的一端延伸到地面，坡道的另一端与和其紧邻的横向连接墙上的门洞相连通。Further, end semicircular arch walls are set at both ends of the caisson garage, the diameter of the arch wall is the length of the adjacent horizontal connecting wall, the arch ring of the arch wall should also face the soil side, and the space of the arch wall is set. Spiral ramps serve as passages for vehicles up and down floors. In order to ensure that vehicles enter and exit the garage from the ground, the ramp of the semi-circular arch wall at the end should extend from the caisson garage to the ground, that is, one end of the ramp extends to the ground, and the other end of the ramp is connected to the adjacent horizontal connecting wall. connected to the door.
进一步的，如图2所示，左端的半圆形拱墙和右端的半圆形拱墙实线表示其漏出地面部分(对应图中的端部半圆形拱墙出地面部分7)，且在左端的半圆形拱墙和右端的半圆形拱墙均设有车库地面开口6，作为车库入口或/和开口；图中的横向连接墙出地面部分8也用的实线表示；沉井式地下车库埋置在土体中部分9用虚线表示。Further, as shown in Fig. 2, the semicircular arch wall at the left end and the semicircular arch wall at the right end are indicated by solid lines that leak out of the ground (corresponding to the end semicircular arch wall out of the ground portion 7 in the figure), and The semi-circular arch wall at the left end and the semi-circular arch wall at the right end are provided with a garage floor opening 6 as a garage entrance or/and opening; the horizontal connecting wall out of the ground part 8 in the figure is also represented by a solid line; The part 9 of the well-type underground garage embedded in the soil is indicated by a dotted line.
上述的组合拱形截面的沉井式地下车库外侧与土体接触部分全部是拱墙， 承受水、土荷载后，构件截面内主要是压力，可不配筋或少配筋。结构造型对称，内力得到平衡，受力合理，构件截面尺寸较小。若为预制装配式结构，接头的节点设计简单，以螺栓连接即可。The above-mentioned caisson-type underground garage with combined arched section is all arch walls in contact with the soil. After bearing the load of water and soil, the pressure is mainly in the section of the component, and no or less reinforcement is required. The structural shape is symmetrical, the internal force is balanced, the force is reasonable, and the section size of the component is small. If it is a prefabricated structure, the joint design of the joint is simple and can be connected by bolts.
上述的组合拱形截面沉井式地下车库的施工方法如下：The construction method of the above-mentioned combined arch section caisson type underground garage is as follows:
在沉井式车库建造时，先行在地面上建造一个标准层高的组合拱形截面的沉井式地下车库；若车库为钢筋混凝土结构，可以为现浇整体式，也可以是预制拼装式；若车库为钢结构，则为预制拼装式。之后，在沉井的内部空间挖土，同时沉井下沉。在一个标准层高的车库完全沉至地面之下，在车库上方接长一个标准层高的车库，重复挖土和下沉等步骤，直至达到设计深度。修建沉井的底板、内部楼板、顶板和坡道。最后修建通往地面的端部半圆形拱墙。When constructing a caisson garage, first build a caisson-type underground garage with a standard storey height and a combined arched section on the ground; if the garage is a reinforced concrete structure, it can be cast-in-place integral or prefabricated; If the garage is of steel structure, it is prefabricated. Afterwards, earth is dug in the inner space of the caisson while the caisson sinks. When a standard-storey garage is completely sunk to the ground, a standard-storey garage is extended above the garage, and the steps of digging and sinking are repeated until the design depth is reached. Construction of caisson floors, interior floors, roofs and ramps. Finally, the semicircular arch at the end leading to the ground is built.
进一步的，本实施例还提供了一种建筑物，其地下车库采用上述结构或者施工方法施工。Further, this embodiment also provides a building, the underground garage of which is constructed by adopting the above structure or construction method.
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种组合拱形截面的沉井式地下车库，其特征在于，包括中部标准单元、端部半圆形拱墙；A caisson-type underground garage with a combined arched section is characterized in that it comprises a central standard unit and an end semicircular arch wall;
    所述的中部标准单元由两道外侧纵向拱墙和连接外侧纵向拱墙端部的横向连接墙组成，所述的外侧纵向拱墙的拱圈朝向土体一侧，在所述的横向连接墙上设有供车辆穿行的门洞；The middle standard unit is composed of two outer longitudinal arch walls and a transverse connecting wall connecting the ends of the outer longitudinal arch walls. The arch ring of the outer longitudinal arch wall faces the soil side. There are door openings for vehicles to pass through;
    在中部标准单元的两端设置端部半圆形拱墙，拱墙的拱圈也要朝向土体一侧，拱墙的空间设置螺旋形坡道作为车辆上、下楼层的通道；端部半圆形拱墙应从沉井式车库延伸至地面。End semi-circular arch walls are set at both ends of the central standard unit, and the arch ring of the arch wall should also face the soil side. The space of the arch wall is set with a spiral ramp as the passage for the upper and lower floors of the vehicle; The circular arch should extend from the caisson garage to the ground.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的组合拱形截面的沉井式地下车库，其特征在于，所述的外侧纵向拱墙的拱圈的半径设定为横向连接墙的长度，弧长设定为圆周长的1/6～1/4。The caisson-type underground garage with a combined arch section according to claim 1, wherein the radius of the arch ring of the outer longitudinal arch wall is set as the length of the transverse connecting wall, and the arc length is set as the circumference 1/6 to 1/4 of .
  3. 如权利要求1所述的组合拱形截面的沉井式地下车库，其特征在于，整个沉井式车库的中部由一个或一个以上标准单元沿纵向拼接而成，且相邻标准单元之间共用一个横向连接墙。The caisson-type underground garage with combined arched section according to claim 1, wherein the middle part of the entire caisson-type garage is formed by splicing one or more standard units in the longitudinal direction, and the adjacent standard units share the same A horizontal connecting wall.
  4. 如权利要求1所述的组合拱形截面的沉井式地下车库，其特征在于，车库的长度和宽度由既有建筑物之间的间距或者规划部门划定。The caisson-type underground garage with combined arched section according to claim 1, characterized in that the length and width of the garage are defined by the distance between existing buildings or the planning department.
  5. 如权利要求1所述的组合拱形截面的沉井式地下车库，其特征在于，所述门洞上下需设置暗梁。The caisson-type underground garage with combined arched section according to claim 1, characterized in that, concealed beams need to be set up and down the door opening.
  6. 如权利要求5所述的组合拱形截面的沉井式地下车库，其特征在于，所述车库的各层楼板顶面应与门洞下暗梁的顶部平齐。The caisson-type underground garage with combined arched section according to claim 5, characterized in that, the top surfaces of the floor slabs on each floor of the garage should be flush with the tops of the concealed beams under the doorway.
  7. 如权利要求5所述的组合拱形截面的沉井式地下车库，其特征在于，车库的顶板与车库的最顶部暗梁连接，车库底板与最底部暗梁连接。The caisson-type underground garage with combined arched section according to claim 5, characterized in that the top plate of the garage is connected to the topmost concealed beam of the garage, and the bottom plate of the garage is connected to the bottommost concealed beam.
  8. 一种建筑物，其特征在于，其车库为权利要求1-7任一所述的组合拱形截面的沉井式地下车库。A building, characterized in that its garage is a caisson-type underground garage with a combined arched section according to any one of claims 1-7.
  9. 权利要求1-8任一所述的组合拱形截面的沉井式地下车库的施工方法，其特征在于，如下：The construction method of the caisson-type underground garage of any described combined arch section of claim 1-8, is characterized in that, as follows:
    在沉井式车库建造时，先行在地面上建造一个标准层高的组合拱形截面的沉井式地下车库；在沉井的内部空间挖土，同时沉井下沉在一个标准层高的车库完全沉至地面之下，在车库上方接长一个标准层高的车库，重复挖土和下沉等步骤，直至达到设计深度；修建沉井的底板、内部楼板、顶板和坡道；最后修建通往地面的端部半圆形拱墙。In the construction of the caisson garage, first build a caisson-type underground garage with a standard storey height combined arch section on the ground; excavate the inner space of the caisson, and at the same time sink the caisson into a standard storey garage completely Sink to the ground, extend a standard-storey garage above the garage, repeat the steps of digging and sinking until the design depth is reached; build the bottom plate, internal floor, roof and ramp of the caisson; The semicircular arch wall at the end of the ground.
  10. 一种建筑物，其特征在于，其地下车库采用权利要求9所述的施工方法施工。A building, characterized in that the underground garage is constructed by using the construction method of claim 9.
PCT/CN2021/089383 2021-02-07 2021-04-23 Caisson-type underground garage with combined arched sections, construction method and building WO2022166001A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110174420.1A CN112983068B (en) 2021-02-07 2021-02-07 Combined arched section open caisson type underground garage, construction method and building
CN202110174420.1 2021-02-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022166001A1 true WO2022166001A1 (en) 2022-08-11

Family

ID=76347782

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2021/089383 WO2022166001A1 (en) 2021-02-07 2021-04-23 Caisson-type underground garage with combined arched sections, construction method and building

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN112983068B (en)
WO (1) WO2022166001A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115288155A (en) * 2022-08-19 2022-11-04 中国一冶集团有限公司 Efficient building method of square-round combined ultra-deep permanent foundation pit supporting structure

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2767021B2 (en) * 1994-06-21 1998-06-18 株式会社加藤建設 Open caisson laying method
WO2003023168A1 (en) * 2001-09-12 2003-03-20 Paul Richard Bates Vehicule garaging apparatus
CN202055589U (en) * 2011-05-12 2011-11-30 严平 Underground parking garage with single-spiral double-way lane
CN102720381A (en) * 2012-06-27 2012-10-10 郑治中 Elevator-type underground stereo garage shaft and construction method thereof
CN202755701U (en) * 2012-06-01 2013-02-27 深圳市特辰科技股份有限公司 Passive three-dimensional parking lot at narrow site
CN106854873A (en) * 2017-02-22 2017-06-16 中铁科建有限公司 A kind of engineering method and garage parking in precast spliced sinking type garage parking

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1156848A (en) * 1966-10-12 1969-07-02 Helical Parks Ltd Improvements relating to Garages for the Multiple Parking of Vehicles.
CN101914925B (en) * 2008-11-19 2012-04-25 兰州南特数码科技股份有限公司 Basement by using optimized composite prefabricated arch wall as external wall
KR101630235B1 (en) * 2015-02-09 2016-06-14 주식회사 태영피씨엠 Precast truss wall structure and construction method of underground structure using thereof
CN106480976B (en) * 2016-10-14 2019-03-05 岩土科技股份有限公司 A kind of building well-sinking basis with underground garage
CN109695359A (en) * 2019-01-25 2019-04-30 北京中岩智泊科技有限公司 A kind of missile silo cartridge type solid bicycle/electric vehicle library and its construction method

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2767021B2 (en) * 1994-06-21 1998-06-18 株式会社加藤建設 Open caisson laying method
WO2003023168A1 (en) * 2001-09-12 2003-03-20 Paul Richard Bates Vehicule garaging apparatus
CN202055589U (en) * 2011-05-12 2011-11-30 严平 Underground parking garage with single-spiral double-way lane
CN202755701U (en) * 2012-06-01 2013-02-27 深圳市特辰科技股份有限公司 Passive three-dimensional parking lot at narrow site
CN102720381A (en) * 2012-06-27 2012-10-10 郑治中 Elevator-type underground stereo garage shaft and construction method thereof
CN106854873A (en) * 2017-02-22 2017-06-16 中铁科建有限公司 A kind of engineering method and garage parking in precast spliced sinking type garage parking

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115288155A (en) * 2022-08-19 2022-11-04 中国一冶集团有限公司 Efficient building method of square-round combined ultra-deep permanent foundation pit supporting structure
CN115288155B (en) * 2022-08-19 2023-10-27 中国一冶集团有限公司 Efficient construction method of square and round combined ultra-deep permanent foundation pit supporting structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN112983068B (en) 2022-09-13
CN112983068A (en) 2021-06-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN100595395C (en) Static pressure pile process for construction of existing building basement
CN110578339B (en) Construction method of shaft type underground stereo garage
CN105735325A (en) Intensified permanent support assembly type basement structure system and construction method
CN107035159A (en) A kind of method suitable for frame structure isolated footing building underground increasing layer
CN111622251A (en) Assembly type open caisson structure and construction method thereof
CN104878776A (en) Full-automatic parking garage body structure at shallow underground layer
WO2022166001A1 (en) Caisson-type underground garage with combined arched sections, construction method and building
CN107489284B (en) Construction method for local newly-added deep underground garage of basement
CN211115052U (en) Shaft type underground stereo garage structure
CN113073540A (en) Pile-beam integrated fully-prefabricated assembled bridge substructure, bridge and construction method thereof
CN112681376A (en) Construction method of shaft type underground stereo garage
CN112575789A (en) Diagonal space truss foundation pit inner support system
JP4083334B2 (en) Underground structure having arch roof and method for constructing the same
CN214302989U (en) Build assembled garage parking on ground additional
CN212388582U (en) Assembled open caisson structure
CN205776160U (en) A kind of underground connection wall structure
CN112746629B (en) Open caisson type superposed shear wall underground garage and construction method thereof
CN205636750U (en) Permanent supporting assembled cellar structure system of intensification
CN210163936U (en) Pile culvert integrally-assembled steel bone concrete comprehensive pipe gallery
CN106049458A (en) Underground diaphragm wall structure and construction method thereof
CN110578413A (en) Shaft type underground stereo garage structure
WO2022236954A1 (en) Assembled-monolithic-type prefabricated open caisson component having combined arch-shaped section, and construction method
JP2971810B2 (en) Construction method of underground structure of multi-story parking lot
JPH11152762A (en) Structure and its construction method
CN219654694U (en) Prefabricated circular well wall structure

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 21924009

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 21924009

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1