WO2022161275A1 - 一种电池充电保护电路以及机器人 - Google Patents

一种电池充电保护电路以及机器人 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022161275A1
WO2022161275A1 PCT/CN2022/073189 CN2022073189W WO2022161275A1 WO 2022161275 A1 WO2022161275 A1 WO 2022161275A1 CN 2022073189 W CN2022073189 W CN 2022073189W WO 2022161275 A1 WO2022161275 A1 WO 2022161275A1
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circuit
voltage
module
current
battery charging
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PCT/CN2022/073189
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English (en)
French (fr)
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徐拓威
张涛
梁剑龙
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深圳市普渡科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2022161275A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022161275A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of battery charging management, and in particular, to a battery charging protection circuit and a robot.
  • the connection between the two is only a switching device or direct plugging.
  • the battery pack may be overcharged, causing dangers such as fire and explosion; or the inrush current at the moment of plugging and unplugging is too large, resulting in a short circuit of the charging output.
  • the internal protection board of some battery packs has some protection, the removal of the protection state requires the removal of the battery pack, which increases the maintenance cost, and the frequent triggering of the protection is also a great test for the life of the battery pack.
  • the existing battery protection detection and control is generally implemented by an MCU processor. If the MCU software program fails, the protection function cannot be implemented, which has a great potential safety hazard.
  • the existing battery protection detection and control is generally implemented by an MCU processor. If the MCU software program fails, the protection function cannot be implemented, which has a great potential safety hazard.
  • a battery charging protection circuit and a robot are provided.
  • a battery charging protection circuit comprising:
  • a voltage detection circuit, an MCU processor, a MOS drive circuit, a voltage comparison circuit, a MOS module, a current detection module, and a current comparison module the input terminals of the voltage detection circuit and the voltage comparison circuit are all connected to the charger output terminal, and the voltage detection circuit
  • the output end is connected to the MCU processor, the output end of the voltage comparison circuit is connected to the MOS drive circuit, the charger output end and the battery pack charging input end are connected in series with a MOS module and a current detection module, and the current detection module passes the current comparison
  • the module is connected to the MOS drive circuit, the current detection module is connected to the MCU processor, the output end of the MOS drive circuit is connected to the MOS module, and the output end of the MCU processor is also connected to the MOS drive circuit.
  • a robot comprising the above-mentioned battery charging protection circuit.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a battery charging protection circuit according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a current comparison circuit of a battery charging protection circuit according to an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a voltage comparison circuit of a battery charging protection circuit according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a MOS driving circuit and a MOS module circuit of a battery charging protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • a battery charging protection circuit includes a voltage detection circuit 1, an MCU processor 2, a MOS drive circuit 3, a voltage comparison circuit 4, a MOS module 5, a current detection module 6, a current comparison module 7, and a voltage detection module.
  • the input terminals of circuit 1 and voltage comparison circuit 4 are connected to the output terminal of the charger, the output terminal of the voltage detection circuit 1 is connected to the MCU processor 2, the output terminal of the voltage comparison circuit 4 is connected to the MOS drive circuit 3, and the output terminal of the charger is connected to the charging input terminal of the battery pack.
  • the MOS module 5 and the current detection module 6 are connected in series.
  • the current detection module 6 is connected to the MOS drive circuit 3 through the current comparison module 7, the current detection module 6 is connected to the MCU processor 2, and the output end of the MOS drive circuit 3 is connected to the MOS module 5, and the MCU The output end of the processor 2 is also connected to the MOS drive circuit 3 .
  • the voltage detection circuit 1 is two detection resistors in series, the connection of the two detection resistors in series is connected to the MCU processor 2, and the two resistors in series detect the voltage of the charging output terminal and send it to the MCU processor 2 as the charging voltage Acquire the Signal.
  • the MCU processor 2 is a single-chip processor or an ARM processor, which can realize the detection of charging voltage and current, and control the MOS driving circuit according to the charging voltage and current, so as to play the role of charging protection.
  • the voltage comparison circuit 4 and the current comparison module 7 are voltage comparison circuits based on operational amplifiers. Specifically, the non-inverting end of the operational amplifier of the current comparison module 7 is connected to a variable resistor ( R2 in the figure), the inverting end of the operational amplifier is connected to the first comparison voltage signal end (the voltage dividing end of the resistors R4 and R5 shown in Figure 2), one end of the variable resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the diode (D1), and the other end of the variable resistor Ground, and the anode of the diode is connected to the current signal acquisition terminal.
  • a variable resistor R2 in the figure
  • the inverting end of the operational amplifier is connected to the first comparison voltage signal end (the voltage dividing end of the resistors R4 and R5 shown in Figure 2)
  • one end of the variable resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the diode (D1)
  • the other end of the variable resistor Ground and the anode of the diode is connected to the current signal acquisition terminal.
  • the non-inverting terminal of the operational amplifier of the voltage comparison circuit 4 is connected to the voltage signal acquisition terminal through the resistor (R8), and the inverting terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the second comparison voltage signal terminal (the voltage dividing terminal of the resistors R7 and R10 shown in FIG. 3).
  • the input terminals of the voltage comparison circuit and the current comparison module are respectively connected in parallel with the first filter capacitor (C4 in FIG. 3 ) and the second filter capacitor (C1 in FIG. 2 ).
  • FIG. 2 it is the circuit schematic diagram of the current comparison module 7.
  • the current at the output end of the MOSFET is detected through the series connection of the resistor R1, the diode D1, and the resistor R2 (ie, the current detection module 6).
  • V3 is connected to the output end of the MOSFET, and the current flows through the resistor R2
  • the formed voltage is output to the non-inverting terminal of the operational amplifier U1 through the resistor R3, and is compared with the reference voltage of the inverting terminal, wherein the reference voltage of the inverting terminal can be adjusted through the resistor R4.
  • the voltage comparison circuit 4 is shown in Figure 3. In the figure, V1 is connected to the charging output terminal, and the detection voltage is output to the non-inverting terminal of the operational amplifier U2 through R8, and is compared with the reference voltage of the inverting terminal.
  • the non-inverting terminal voltage of the operational amplifier is greater than the reference voltage of the inverting terminal, and the operational amplifier outputs a high level, which is output to the input terminal of the optocoupler U3 in Figure 4 (V5 in the figure).
  • the MOS drive circuit 3 is an optocoupler drive circuit, and the optocoupler is used as a drive circuit to drive the MOS module, which has high anti-interference performance and avoids signal interference and malfunction.
  • the operational amplifier outputs a high level, it is output to the input end of the photocoupler U3 (V5 in the figure), and the input end of the photocoupler is turned on, then the output end is also turned on after sensing the photoelectric signal, and then outputs a low level to the MOSFET gate.
  • the MOS module 5 is an N-type MOSFET
  • the MOSFET is turned off at this time, and its drain and source are not conductive, and the N-type MOSFET drain is connected to the charger output terminal, and the N-type MOSFET source is connected to the current detection module 6. Therefore, this When the charger output is not connected to the battery pack, it does not charge.
  • a voltage and current detection circuit based on the MCU processor, namely the voltage detection circuit 1 and the current detection circuit 6 in FIG. 1 , and the detected voltage and voltage are directly output to the MCU processor 2 , MCU processor 2 judges the detected voltage and current value, and then judges whether it is overvoltage or overcurrent, when overvoltage or overcurrent, MCU processor 2 sends a high-level control signal to control MOS module 5 through MOS drive circuit 3 Make it cut off to protect the battery.
  • the other is a detection control circuit based on the voltage comparison circuit 4 and the current comparison circuit 7.
  • the voltage comparison circuit 4 and the current comparison circuit 7 are both comparison circuits based on operational amplifiers. When the detected voltage and current exceed the preset reference value, then The output terminal of the operational amplifier outputs a high-level signal through the MOS drive circuit 3 to control the MOS module 5 to turn it off to protect the battery.
  • the specific principle has been described above and will not be repeated here.
  • this application has two protection circuits, one based on the MCU processor and one based on the operational amplifier comparison circuit.
  • the MCU processor has a control failure or accident
  • the other protection circuit can continue to play a protective role with high reliability.
  • the present application can set multiple charging voltage and current reference values to meet the charging requirements of batteries with different rated voltages.
  • the present application also provides a robot, which includes the battery charging protection circuit described in any one of the foregoing embodiments.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开了一种电池充电保护电路以及机器人，电压检测电路、电压比较电路输入端均连接充电器输出端，电压检测电路输出端连接MCU处理器，电压比较电路输出端连接MOS驱动电路，充电器输出端与电池包充电输入端之间串联连接MOS模块、电流检测模块，电流检测模块通过电流比较模块连接MOS驱动电路，电流检测模块连接MCU处理器，MOS驱动电路输出端连接MOS模块，MCU处理器输出端还连接MOS驱动电路。

Description

一种电池充电保护电路以及机器人
本申请要求于2021年1月26日在中国专利局提交的、申请号为2021202244326、发明名称为“一种电池充电保护电路以及机器人”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池充电管理技术领域，尤其涉及一种电池充电保护电路以及机器人。
 背景技术
传统的充电器对电池包充电电路，二者之间的连接仅仅是一个开关器件或者直接插拔。一旦充电器输出电压异常，则电池包可能会被过度充电而产生起火、***等危险；或者插拔瞬间冲击电流过大，造成充电输出短路。虽然某些电池包内部保护板有一些保护，但保护状态的解除需要拆下电池包，造成维护成本增高，并且频繁触发保护对电池包的寿命也是极大的考验。其次，现有的电池保护检测和控制一般采用MCU处理器实现，若MCU软件程序失效，则不能实现保护功能，具有较大安全隐患。
 技术问题
现有的电池保护检测和控制一般采用MCU处理器实现，若MCU软件程序失效，则不能实现保护功能，具有较大安全隐患。
 技术解决方案
为解决上述技术问题，根据本申请的各种实施例，提供一种电池充电保护电路以及机器人。
一种电池充电保护电路，包括：
电压检测电路、MCU处理器、MOS驱动电路、电压比较电路、MOS模块、电流检测模块、电流比较模块，所述电压检测电路、电压比较电路输入端均连接充电器输出端，所述电压检测电路输出端连接MCU处理器，所述电压比较电路输出端连接MOS驱动电路，所述充电器输出端与电池包充电输入端之间串联连接MOS模块、电流检测模块，所述电流检测模块通过电流比较模块连接MOS驱动电路，所述电流检测模块连接MCU处理器，所述MOS驱动电路输出端连接MOS模块，所述MCU处理器输出端还连接MOS驱动电路。
一种机器人，所述机器人包括上述的电池充电保护电路。
本申请的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本申请的其它特征和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书变得明显。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他实施例的附图。
图1为本申请实施例的一种电池充电保护电路的原理框图；
图2为本申请实施例的一种电池充电保护电路的电流比较电路原理图；
图3为本申请实施例的一种电池充电保护电路的电压比较电路原理图；
图4为本申请实施例的一种电池充电保护电路的MOS驱动电路及MOS模块电路原理图。
 本发明的实施方式
为了便于理解本申请，下面将参照相关附图对本申请进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本申请的较佳实施例。但是，本申请可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反地，提供这些实施例的目的是使对本申请的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在限制本申请。本文所使用的术语“和／或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
如图1所示，一种电池充电保护电路，包括电压检测电路1、MCU处理器2、MOS驱动电路3、电压比较电路4、MOS模块5、电流检测模块6、电流比较模块7，电压检测电路1、电压比较电路4输入端均连接充电器输出端，电压检测电路1输出端连接MCU处理器2，电压比较电路4输出端连接MOS驱动电路3，充电器输出端与电池包充电输入端之间串联连接MOS模块5、电流检测模块6，电流检测模块6通过电流比较模块7连接MOS驱动电路3，电流检测模块6连接MCU处理器2，MOS驱动电路3输出端连接MOS模块5，MCU处理器2输出端还连接MOS驱动电路3。
其中，电压检测电路1为串联的两个检测电阻，串联的两个检测电阻的连接处连接MCU处理器2，串联的两个电阻检测充电输出端电压，并发送到MCU处理器2作为充电电压采集信号。MCU处理器2为单片处理器或者ARM处理器，可以实现充电电压、电流检测，并根据充电电压、电流，对MOS驱动电路进行控制，起到充电保护的作用。
如图2、3所示，电压比较电路4、电流比较模块7为基于运算放大器的电压比较电路，具体地，电流比较模块7的运算放大器的同相端连接用于采集电流信号的可变电阻（图中R2），运算放大器的反相端连接第一比较电压信号端（图2所示的电阻R4、R5的分压端），可变电阻一端连接二极管（D1）负极，可变电阻另一端接地，二极管正极连接电流信号采集端。电压比较电路4的运算放大器的同相端通过电阻（R8）连接电压信号采集端，运算放大器的反相端连接第二比较电压信号端（图3所示的电阻R7、R10的分压端）。另外，电压比较电路、电流比较模块的输入端分别并联第一滤波电容（图3的C4）、第二滤波电容（图2的C1）。如图2所示，为电流比较模块7电路原理图，通过电阻R1、二极管D1、电阻R2串联的通路（即电流检测模块6）检测MOSFET输出端的电流，V3连接MOSFET输出端，电流在电阻R2形成电压，通过电阻R3输出到运算放大器U1的同相端，与反相端的基准电压比较，其中反相端的基准电压可通过电阻R4调节。电压比较电路4如图3所示，图中V1连接充电输出端，检测电压通过R8输出到运算放大器U2的同相端，与反相端的基准电压比较。当检测的电流或者电压过大，则运算放大器的同相端电压大于反相端基准电压，则运算放大器输出高电平，输出到图4的光电耦合器U3的输入端（图中V5）。
如图4所示，MOS驱动电路3为光电耦合器驱动电路，通过光电耦合器作为驱动电路驱动MOS模块，具有较高的抗干扰性能，避免信号干扰误动作。当运算放大器输出高电平，输出到光电耦合器U3的输入端（图中V5），光电耦合器输入端导通，则输出端感应到光电信号后也导通，进而输出低电平到MOSFET的栅极。因为MOS模块5为N型MOSFET，则此时MOSFET截止，其漏极与源极不导通，而N型MOSFET漏极连接充电器输出端，N型MOSFET源极连接电流检测模块6，因此此时充电器输出端与电池包不连通，不充电。
综上，本申请的工作原理是：
本申请有两路电流、电压检测电路，一路为基于MCU处理器的电压、电流检测电路，即图1中电压检测电路1、电流检测电路6，其检测电压、电压直接输出到MCU处理器2，MCU处理器2通过对检测电压、电流值进行判断，进而判断是否过压、过流，当过压、过流，MCU处理器2发出高电平控制信号通过MOS驱动电路3控制MOS模块5使得其截止，保护电池。
另一路为基于电压比较电路4、电流比较电路7的检测控制电路，电压比较电路4、电流比较电路7均为基于运算放大器的比较电路，当检测到电压、电流超过预设的基准值，则运算放大器输出端输出高电平信号通过MOS驱动电路3控制MOS模块5使得其截止，保护电池，具体原理上述已经说明，不再赘述。
可以，本申请有两路保护电路，一路基于MCU处理器，一路基于运算放大器比较电路，当MCU处理器出现控制故障或者意外，则另一路保护电路可以继续起到保护作用，可靠性高。另外，本申请可以设定多个充电电压、电流基准值，满足不同额定电压的电池的充电需求。
本申请还提供一种机器人，该机器人包括上述实施例中任一项所述的电池充电保护电路。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种电池充电保护电路，包括电压检测电路（1）、MCU处理器（2）、MOS驱动电路（3）、电压比较电路（4）、MOS模块（5）、电流检测模块（6）、电流比较模块（7），所述电压检测电路（1）、电压比较电路（4）输入端均连接充电器输出端，所述电压检测电路（1）输出端连接MCU处理器（2），所述电压比较电路（4）输出端连接MOS驱动电路（3），所述充电器输出端与电池包充电输入端之间串联连接MOS模块（5）、电流检测模块（6），所述电流检测模块（6）通过电流比较模块（7）连接MOS驱动电路（3），所述电流检测模块（6）连接MCU处理器（2），所述MOS驱动电路（3）输出端连接MOS模块（5），所述MCU处理器（2）输出端还连接MOS驱动电路（3）。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种电池充电保护电路，所述电压检测电路（1）为串联的两个检测电阻，所述串联的两个检测电阻的连接处连接MCU处理器（2）。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种电池充电保护电路，所述MCU处理器（2）为单片处理器或者ARM处理器。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种电池充电保护电路，所述MOS驱动电路（3）为光电耦合器驱动电路。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种电池充电保护电路，所述电压比较电路（4）、电流比较模块（7）为基于运算放大器的电压比较电路。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种电池充电保护电路，所述MOS模块（5）为N型MOSFET，且所述N型MOSFET漏极连接充电器输出端，所述N型MOSFET源极连接电流检测模块（6）。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种电池充电保护电路，所述电流检测模块（6）为基于电阻的电流转电压检测电路。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的一种电池充电保护电路，所述电流比较模块（7）的运算放大器的同相端连接用于采集电流信号的可变电阻，所述运算放大器的反相端连接第一比较电压信号端，所述可变电阻一端连接二极管负极，可变电阻另一端接地，所述二极管正极连接电流信号采集端。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的一种电池充电保护电路，所述电压比较电路（4）的运算放大器的同相端通过电阻连接电压信号采集端，所述运算放大器的反相端连接第二比较电压信号端。
  10. 根据权利要求5所述的一种电池充电保护电路，所述电压比较电路（4）、电流比较模块（7）的输入端分别并联第一滤波电容、第二滤波电容。
  11. 一种机器人，所述机器人包括权利要求1-10中任一项所述的电池充电保护电路。
PCT/CN2022/073189 2021-01-26 2022-01-21 一种电池充电保护电路以及机器人 WO2022161275A1 (zh)

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