WO2022147504A1 - Compositions thermoréactives, systèmes et procédés - Google Patents

Compositions thermoréactives, systèmes et procédés Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022147504A1
WO2022147504A1 PCT/US2022/011043 US2022011043W WO2022147504A1 WO 2022147504 A1 WO2022147504 A1 WO 2022147504A1 US 2022011043 W US2022011043 W US 2022011043W WO 2022147504 A1 WO2022147504 A1 WO 2022147504A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
composition
thermoreactive
present
substrate
red
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Application number
PCT/US2022/011043
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English (en)
Inventor
Evan R. Van Auken
Douglas C ARNDT
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Evkm Technologies, Llc
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Publication of WO2022147504A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022147504A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/02—Staining or dyeing wood; Bleaching wood
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D15/00—Woodstains

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to compositions, systems, and methods. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to thermoreactive compositions that are specifically formulated for application to a cellulosic substrate, and which are capable of being activated following application to a cellulosic substrate by exposure to heat. Also provided are systems that include an applicator device and the thermoreactive compositions, and methods of permanently dying a cellulosic substrate comprising applying the thermoreactive compositions to the cellulosic substrate and applying heat to the cellulosic substrate.
  • Various means are known for applying a permanent marking on a substrate. Such means may include heat pens or other instruments that scorch a surface of a substrate.
  • Such means may include heat pens or other instruments that scorch a surface of a substrate.
  • substrates lend themselves to being scorched with a heated instrument, or are inefficiently scorched by such means.
  • typical wood burning is difficult, challenging, and has a steep learning curve, requiring excessive investment in time and cost. Due to these challenges, traditional wood burning is often inaccessible to many.
  • Embodiments of the compositions, systems, devices, methods, and kits provided herein relate to devices for applying a thermoreactive composition to a cellulosic substrate, the compositions contained therein, and methods of permanently dying cellulosic substrates using the compositions and devices.
  • compositions include water; copper sulfate; ammonium sulfate; red diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP); and guar gum.
  • the copper sulfate is present in an amount ranging from about 10% to about 25% w/v. In some embodiments, the copper sulfate is present in an amount of about 17.5% w/v.
  • the ammonium sulfate is present in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to about 5% w/v. In some embodiments, the ammonium sulfate is present in an amount of about 1% w/v.
  • the red DPP is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 1% w/v. In some embodiments, the red DPP is present in an amount of about 0.1% w/v. In some embodiments, the guar gum is present in an amount ranging from about 0.05% to about 0.5% w/v. In some embodiments, the guar gum is present in an amount of about 0.2% w/v. In some embodiments, the compositions include ferric chloride and glucose syrup. In some embodiments, the ferric chloride is present in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to about 25% w/v. In some embodiments, the glucose syrup is present in an amount ranging from about 0.05% to about 10% w/v.
  • the compositions further include citric acid.
  • the citric acid is present in an amount ranging from about 2.5% to about 20% w/v. In some embodiments, the citric acid is present in an amount of about 10% w/v.
  • the composition includes copper sulfate present in an amount of about 17.5% w/v, ammonium sulfate present in an amount of about 0.1% w/v, red DPP present in an amount of about 0.1% w/v, guar gum present in an amount of about 0.2% w/v, citric acid present in an amount of about 10% w/v, and water in balance.
  • the compositions include ferric chloride in an amount of about 0.1% to about 25% w/v, glucose syrup in an amount of about 0.05% to about 10% w/v, and water in balance.
  • compositions include a thermoreactive compound; and a thickening agent.
  • the compositions further include a pigment.
  • the thermoreactive compound is peroxide, acetyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxide, cyanogen, carbonate, peroxyacetate, peroxybenzoate, citric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, formic acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, peroxymaleic acid, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonia, isopropyl alcohol, vitamin C, iodine, sodium bicarbonate, copper sulfate, magnesium sulfate, zinc chloride, ferric acetate, ferrous acetate, ferric chloride, ferrous chloride, or any combination thereof.
  • the thermoreactive compound is present in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to about 25% w/v.
  • the pigment is red diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP), red lake, carbazole dioxazine crude pigment, azo, monoazo, disazo, naphthol AS, salt type (lakes), benzimidazolone, condensation, metal complex, isoindolinone, isoindoline and polycyclic phthalocyanine, quinacridone, perylene, perinone, diketopyrrolo pyrrole, thioindigo, anthraquinone, indanthrone, anthrapyrimidine, flavanthrone, pyranthrone, anthanthrone, dioxazine, triarylcarbonium, quinophthalone pigments, titanium dioxide, carbon black, zinc oxide, antimony oxide, and organic or inorganic UV opacifying pigments such as iron oxide, transparent red or yellow iron oxide, c
  • DPP red d
  • the pigment is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 1% w/v.
  • the thickening agent is guar gum, xantham gum, carrageenan gum, cellulose gum, glycerin, silicone dioxide, silica, glucose, maltose, oligosaccharides, glucose syrup, or combinations thereof.
  • the thickening agent is present in an amount ranging from about 0.05% to about 10% w/v.
  • the systems include a thermoreactive composition and an applicator apparatus for dispensing the thermoreactive composition onto a surface of a cellulosic substrate.
  • the thermoreactive compositions includes a thermoreactive compound; and a thickening agent.
  • the thermoreactive compositions further include a pigment.
  • the applicator apparatus is a pen, a marker, a brush, a syringe, or a sprayer.
  • the applicator apparatus controls the flow rate of thermoreactive composition onto the cellulosic substrate.
  • the system further includes the cellulosic substrate.
  • the cellulosic substrate is paper, cardboard, wood, or engineered wood.
  • the engineered wood is plywood, veneer, particle board, or fiberboard.
  • the thermoreactive compound is peroxide, acetyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxide, cyanogen, carbonate, peroxyacetate, peroxybenzoate, citric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, formic acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, peroxymaleic acid, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonia, isopropyl alcohol, vitamin C, iodine, sodium bicarbonate, copper sulfate, magnesium sulfate, zinc chloride, ferric acetate, ferrous acetate, ferric chloride, ferrous chloride, or any combination thereof.
  • the thermoreactive compound is present in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to about 25% w/v.
  • the pigment is red diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP), red lake, carbazole dioxazine crude pigment, azo, monoazo, disazo, naphthol AS, salt type (lakes), benzimidazolone, condensation, metal complex, isoindolinone, isoindoline and polycyclic phthalocyanine, quinacridone, perylene, perinone, diketopyrrolo pyrrole, thioindigo, anthraquinone, indanthrone, anthrapyrimidine, flavanthrone, pyranthrone, anthanthrone, dioxazine, triarylcarbonium, quinophthalone pigments, titanium dioxide, carbon black, zinc oxide, antimony oxide, and organic or inorganic UV opacifying pigments such as iron oxide, transparent red or yellow iron oxide, c
  • DPP red d
  • the pigment is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 1% w/v.
  • the thickening agent is guar gum, xantham gum, carrageenan gum, cellulose gum, glycerin, silicone dioxide, silica, glucose, maltose, oligosaccharides, glucose syrup, or combinations thereof.
  • the thickening agent is present in an amount ranging from about 0.05% to about 10% w/v.
  • thermoreactive compositions relate to methods of permanently dying a cellulosic substrate.
  • the methods include dispensing a thermoreactive composition to a surface of a cellulosic substrate, and applying heat to the dispensed thermoreactive composition, wherein the heat activates the thermoreactive composition to a temperature sufficient to permanently dye the surface of the cellulosic substrate.
  • the thermoreactive composition includes a thermoreactive compound; and a thickening agent.
  • the thermoreactive compositions further include a pigment.
  • applying heat comprises subjecting the cellulosic substrate to heat at a temperature less than about 250°F, such as 175°F, 180°F, 190°F, 200°F, 205°F, 210°F, 215°F, 220°F, 225°F, 230°F, 235°F, 240°F, 245°F, 250°F or less, or at a temperature within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values.
  • the surface of the cellulosic substrate is permanently dyed at a location only where the thermoreactive composition is dispensed.
  • the thermoreactive compound is peroxide, acetyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxide, cyanogen, carbonate, peroxyacetate, peroxybenzoate, citric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, formic acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, peroxymaleic acid, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonia, isopropyl alcohol, vitamin C, iodine, sodium bicarbonate, copper sulfate, magnesium sulfate, zinc chloride, ferric acetate, ferrous acetate, ferric chloride, ferrous chloride, or any combination thereof.
  • the thermoreactive compound is present in an amount ranging from about 10% to about 25% w/v.
  • the pigment is red diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP), red lake, carbazole dioxazine crude pigment, azo, monoazo, disazo, naphthol AS, salt type (lakes), benzimidazolone, condensation, metal complex, isoindolinone, isoindoline and polycyclic phthalocyanine, quinacridone, perylene, perinone, diketopyrrolo pyrrole, thioindigo, anthraquinone, indanthrone, anthrapyrimidine, flavanthrone, pyranthrone, anthanthrone, dioxazine, triarylcarbonium, quinophthalone pigments, titanium dioxide, carbon black, zinc oxide, antimony oxide, and organic or inorganic UV opacifying pigments such as iron oxide, transparent red or yellow iron oxide, cadmi
  • DPP red d
  • the pigment is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 1% w/v.
  • the thickening agent is guar gum, xantham gum, carrageenan gum, cellulose gum, glycerin, silicone dioxide, silica, glucose, maltose, oligosaccharides, glucose syrup, or combinations thereof.
  • the thickening agent is present in an amount ranging from about 0.05% to about 10% w/v.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an example of an applicator apparatus.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an example of an applicator tip of an applicator apparatus.
  • FIGs. 3 A and 3B depict schematic representations of an applicator apparatus depicting one or more composition reservoirs.
  • Embodiments provided herein relate to compositions, devices, systems, methods, and kits used for permanently dying a cellulosic substrate without the need to use traditional wood burning devices, such as heat pens or other heated instruments.
  • Advantages of the compositions, devices, systems, methods, and kits provided herein include decreased cost compared to traditional wood burning devices.
  • the compositions, devices, systems, methods, and kits provided herein result in ease in application to a cellulosic substrate, and ease in creation of dyed cellulosic substrates.
  • the embodiments provided herein have lower danger or potential hazards as compared to traditional wood burning devices.
  • compositions relate to thermoreactive compositions that are applied to a cellulosic substrate, and that are activated upon being exposed to heat. The heat causes the compositions to react and permanently dye the cellulosic substrate only in those locations where the composition has been applied to the cellulosic substrate.
  • Previous compositions have been disclosed that are thermoreactive compositions that generate scorch marks on a cellulosic substrate when applied to heat, including, for example, in PCT Application No. PCT/US2019/056990.
  • the compositions provided herein differ from prior compositions, and have been shown to unexpectedly superior to prior compositions.
  • the compositions provided herein generate improved and consistent dyed marks, are capable of doing so at a lower heat, and exhibit less bleeding through the cellulosic substrate to which the compositions are applied.
  • activate has its ordinary meaning as understood in light of the specification, and refers to an increase in a chemical reaction of a compound.
  • activation is a result of energy applied to the compound in the form of heat, wherein a sufficient amount of heat results in activation, or chemical reaction, of the compound, thereby permanently dying the cellulosic substrate.
  • the term “permanently dye” has its ordinary meaning as understood in light of the specification, and refers to a mark upon a cellulosic substrate that is irreversible, and is a result of activation of a thermoreactive compound upon application of sufficient energy in the form of heat.
  • permanently dyed marks resemble and/or appear to be identical to scorch marks.
  • permanently dyed marks may differ from scorch marks in that the energy input in the form of heat is significantly lower than the amount of heat required to generate traditional scorch marks.
  • prior art compositions typically require heat in an amount of at least 350°F to generate scorch marks, such as at least 350°F, 375°F, 400°F, 425°F, or 450°F, or greater to generate scorch marks.
  • the present compositions and methods are capable of permanently dying the substrate in a manner that resembles scorch marks at a temperature of less than 250°F, such as 175°F, 180°F, 190°F, 200°F, 205°F, 210°F, 215°F, 220°F, 225°F, 230°F, 235°F, 240°F, 245°F, 250°F or less, or at a temperature within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values.
  • a cellulosic substrate that is permanently dyed, as described herein, refers to permanently dying only in a location where the thermoreactive compounds are placed, such that a mark, design, pattern, decoration, ornament, or other intended branding is impressed upon the cellulosic substrate, wherein the other portions of the cellulosic substrate that does not include the thermoreactive compositions does not undergo any change (such as any permanent dye) or any damage.
  • compositions are configured for application to a cellulosic substrate, and upon exposure to heat, undergo a thermal reaction, generating sufficient heat to permanently dye the cellulosic substrate precisely in the location where the compositions are applied.
  • the compositions include a thermoreactive compound and a pigment and/or a thickening agent.
  • thermoreactive compound has its ordinary meaning as understood in light of the specification and refers to a chemical compound that reacts (or activates) upon exposure to sufficient heat.
  • a thermoreactive compound may include, for example, peroxides, acetyl peroxides, benzoyl peroxides, hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxides, cyanogens, carbonates, peroxyacetates, peroxybenzoates, citric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, formic acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, peroxymaleic acid, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonia, isopropyl alcohol, vitamin C, iodine, metal salts, including, for example, sodium bicarbonate, copper sulfate, magnesium sulfate, zinc chloride, ferric acetate, ferrous acetate, ferric chloride, ferrous chloride, or any combination of any of the
  • thermoreactive compound or a combination of such compounds, are selected based on desirable properties, which may include, for example compatibility of the compounds in the compositions provided herein, activation energy, including a lowest possible activation energy sufficient to permanently dye a cellulosic substrate upon exposure to a minimum amount of heat, and avoiding compounds that are capable of generating noxious or toxic byproducts during use.
  • thermoreactive compounds may be present in the compositions in an amount ranging from about 0.5% w/v to about 75% w/v, such as 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, or 75% w/v, or in an amount within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values.
  • the amount of thermoreactive compounds present in the compositions is selected based on the type of thermoreactive compound(s) selected for use in the compositions, the degree (darkness) of permanently dying intended with the compositions, or the type of other components present in the compositions.
  • the thermoreactive compounds are present in an amount to permanently dye a surface of a cellulosic substrate to a sufficient degree.
  • a surface of a cellulosic substrate may be permanently dyed sufficient to create a visual indication of a dye mark.
  • the dye mark may be a dark or a light dye mark, where a dark dye mark is a dye mark that has a high degree of contrast in color compared to the color of the surface of the cellulosic substrate, and wherein a light dye mark is a dye mark that has a low degree of contrast in color compared to the color of the surface of the cellulosic substrate.
  • thermoreactive compound or combination of thermoreactive compounds generates heat sufficient to permanently dye a surface of a cellulosic substrate when exposed to heat at a temperature of less than 250°F, such as 175°F, 180°F, 190°F, 200°F, 205°F, 210°F, 215°F, 220°F, 225°F, 230°F, 235°F, 240°F, 245°F, 250°F or less, or at a temperature within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values.
  • the term “pigment” has its ordinary meaning as understood in light of the specification, and refers to a compound that is capable of providing a composition to which the pigment is added with a visual characteristic. For example, a pigment renders a composition visually perceptible, whereas the composition without the pigment would otherwise not be visually perceptible, or would be less visually perceptible.
  • Example pigments include, but are not limited to, carbazole dioxazine crude pigment, azo, monoazo, disazo, naphthol AS, salt type (lakes), red lake, benzimidazolone, condensation, metal complex, isoindolinone, isoindoline and polycyclic phthalocyanine, quinacridone, perylene, perinone, diketopyrrolo pyrrole, thioindigo, anthraquinone, indanthrone, anthrapyrimidine, flavanthrone, pyranthrone, anthanthrone, dioxazine, triarylcarbonium, quinophthalone pigments, red diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP), titanium dioxide, carbon black, zinc oxide, antimony oxide, and organic or inorganic UV opacifying pigments such as iron oxide, transparent red or yellow iron oxide, cadmium red, Congo red, alizarin red lake, carmine naccarat, phthalocyanine
  • the pigment is a pigment that does not interfere with the thermoreactive components of the composition.
  • the pigment does not interfere with the ability of a thermoreactive compound to permanently dye a cellulosic substrate surface, does not interfere with the temperature at which a cellulosic substrate is permanently dyed, does not interfere with the viscosity of the composition, or does not interfere in any other material aspects with the composition.
  • the pigment may be referred to as an inert substance that is provided in the composition for the purpose of visualizing the composition during application of the composition onto a cellulosic substrate.
  • the pigment is present in the compositions in an amount ranging from about 0.01% w/v to about 10% w/v, such as 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, 0.09, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10% w/v, or in an amount within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values.
  • the amount of pigment is selected based on the type of pigment that is used, the visual intensity of the pigment selected, or the degree of visualization desired in a particular composition.
  • thickening agent has its ordinary meaning as understood in light of the specification and refers to a compound that modulates the viscosity of the compositions.
  • a thickening agent may include one or more compounds, which may act in concert to modulate the viscosity of the compositions.
  • the viscosity of the compositions provided herein is selected and specially tuned in order to: function within the dispensing apparatus that is used, more precisely apply the compositions to the cellulosic substrate, prevent excessive bleeding of the compositions on the cellulosic substrate, or otherwise increase the usability of the compositions.
  • a composition having lower viscosity is desirable, for example when dispensing the compositions through an apparatus that requires low viscosity compositions.
  • a composition having higher viscosity is desirable, for example, when precisely applying the compositions to a cellulosic substrate in a manner to avoid excessive bleeding on the cellulosic substrate.
  • certain substrates may be more prone to bleeding than other types of substrates, and increased viscosity may prevent bleeding of the compositions in such substrates.
  • thickening agents include, for example, guar gum, xantham gum, carrageenan gum, cellulose gum, glycerin, silicone dioxide, silica, glucose, maltose, oligosaccharides, glucose syrup, or combinations thereof.
  • the thickening agent is a thickening agent that does not interfere with the thermoreactive components of the composition.
  • the thickening agent does not interfere with the ability of a thermoreactive compound to permanently dye a cellulosic substrate surface, does not interfere with the temperature at which a cellulosic substrate is permanently dyed, does not interfere with the viscosity of the composition, or does not interfere in any other material aspects with the composition.
  • the thickening agent may be referred to as an inert substance that is provided in the composition for the purpose of modulating the viscosity of the composition.
  • the thickening agent is present in the compositions in an amount ranging from about 0.01% w/v to about 10% w/v, such as 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, 0.09, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10% w/v, or in an amount within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values.
  • the amount of thickening is selected based on the type of thickening agent that is used, the compatibility of the thickening agent in the compositions and with the thermoreactive compounds, or the degree of viscosity desired in a particular composition.
  • the compositions provided herein have a viscosity ranging from about 1 mPa»s to about 5000 mPa»s, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 50, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000, 3500, 4000, 4500, or 5000 mPa»s.
  • the degree of viscosity is selected depending on the applicator apparatus that is used to dispense the compositions, the degree of bleeding to be avoided, or the type of substrate being used, wherein different substrates tolerate a liquid composition in terms of the degree of bleeding that occurs when the liquid composition is applied to the substrate.
  • compositions provided herein include additional components for further improvement of application to a substrate, improved thermal reactivity, improved dye marking, improved visualization, improved viscosity, or the improvement of other characteristics of the compositions.
  • additional components may include, for example, water, salts, sugars, lipids, alcohols, or other components.
  • prior compositions such as those described and set forth in PCT/US2019/056990 included components that differ from those set forth herein.
  • the resulting compositions in the prior art are ineffective at generating consistent permanently dye marks on a surface of a cellulosic substrate. Further, excess heat of at least 350°F is required to cause thermal reactivity of prior compositions.
  • the present compositions require heat of less than 250°F, such as 175°F, 180°F, 190°F, 200°F, 205°F, 210°F, 215°F, 220°F, 225°F, 230°F, 235°F, 240°F, 245°F, 250°F or less, or at a temperature within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values.
  • the requirement for less heat results in an improved composition that generates more consistent permanently dye marks without compromising the substrate or the surface of the substrate, while concomitantly generating distinct visual dye marks.
  • compositions provided herein have improved dispensing characteristics, due to the components described herein that are present in the compositions, resulting in less bleeding, improved application to a surface of a cellulosic substrate, resulting in improved utility.
  • wood burning results in inconsistent darkening of the wood depending on the type of wood.
  • the compositions provided herein result in consistent darkening (permanently dying) different types of cellulosic substrates, including different types of materials within a single substrate (such as wood rings present in sapwood or heartwood), thereby providing consistent results in permanent dying.
  • the applicator apparatus is a pen, a marker, a brush, a syringe, or a sprayer.
  • the pen is a ballpoint pen, a felt tip pen, a brush pen, a paint pen, a fountain pen, a rollerball pen, a gel pen, a stylus pen, a novelty pen, a pen especially configured to apply or dispense the thermoreactive compositions, or other pen.
  • the marker is a felt tip marker, a bullet tip marker, a brush tip marker, a chisel tip marker, a calligraphy marker, a brush marker, a marker especially configured to apply or dispense the thermoreactive compositions, or other marker.
  • the brush is a round brush, a pointed round brush, a flat brush, a bright brush, a filbert brush, an angular flat brush, a fan brush, a detail round brush, a brush especially configured to apply or dispense the thermoreactive compositions, or other brush.
  • the tip of the pen, marker, brush, or syringe is a fine tip, medium tip, or broad tip.
  • the applicator apparatus includes more than one tip, for example a first tip on a first end and a second tip on a second end. In some embodiments, the first tip and the second tip are different types of tips.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an example applicator apparatus.
  • the applicator apparatus 100 is an elongate member that includes a thermoreactive composition reservoir 105 that is configured to hold a volume of thermoreactive composition.
  • the volume of thermoreactive composition in the reservoir ranges from an amount of about 0.1 mL to about 10 mL, such as 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5, 7, 7.5, 8, 8.5, 9, 9.5, or 10 mL, or a volume within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values.
  • the applicator apparatus 100 may include one or more tips, including a first tip 110 and a second tip 120.
  • the first tip 110 is a bullet tip
  • the second tip 120 is a brush tip.
  • Figure 1 also depicts a first cap 111 that cover the first tip 110, and a second cap 121 that is coupled to the second tip 120.
  • the second cap 121 acts as a handle to the brush tip, which can be immersed into the thermoreactive composition reservoir 105, thereby saturating the brush tip, which can be removed from the thermoreactive reservoir 105 by pulling on the second cap 121.
  • Figure 1 also depicts a spring and valve system 115 couple to the first tip 110.
  • the spring and valve system 215 is implemented to allow flow of the thermoreactive composition from the reservoir into the tip 210, thereby saturating the first tip 210.
  • the system includes a valve 213 and a spring 212. Upon depressing the tip 210, the valve 213 opens and pushes against the spring 212, thereby allowing the thermoreactive composition to flow into the tip 210.
  • the applicator apparatuses include a reservoir that is configured to hold the thermoreactive compositions described herein.
  • the thermoreactive compositions flow from the reservoir, through a tip of the applicator apparatus, to the substrate.
  • the tip of the applicator apparatus is coupled to a valve and/or spring, such that upon placement of the tip of the applicator apparatus to the surface of the substrate, sufficient pressure is generated, causing the valve and/or spring to release thermoreactive composition from the reservoir, which flows through the tip to the surface of the substrate.
  • FIGs 3A and 3B depict exemplary schematic representations of applicator apparatuses.
  • an applicator apparatus 300 is shown having a first tip 310 and a second tip 320, and including a single composition reservoir 305. Both the first tip 310 and the second tip 320 access the composition reservoir 305. In some embodiments, such as that depicted in Figure 3B, more than one composition reservoirs are present.
  • the applicator apparatus 301 includes a first tip 311 and a second tip 321, which each separately access different composition reservoirs. The first tip 311 access a first composition reservoir 306, and the second tip 321 accesses a second composition reservoir 307.
  • the first composition reservoir 306 and the second composition reservoir 307 hold the same thermoreactive composition. In some embodiments, the first composition reservoir 306 and the second composition reservoir 307 hold different thermoreactive compositions.
  • the reservoirs may include differences in thermoreactive compound, pigment, and/or thickening agent, and/or concentrations thereof.
  • the composition in the separate reservoirs is determined based on the type of applicator tip, based on variability in application to a cellulosic substrate, and/or based on variability in dying characteristics.
  • the volume of the first composition reservoir 306 is the same as the volume of the second composition reservoir 307. In some embodiments, the volume of the first composition reservoir 306 is different from the volume of the second composition reservoir 307.
  • the number of reservoirs with an applicator apparatus, the volume of each reservoir, and the type of composition within each reservoir may be specifically configured to provide desired properties of a particular applicator apparatus, and may therefore include any number of variations.
  • the applicator apparatuses do not include a reservoir.
  • a tip of the applicator apparatus is immersed or contacted with the thermoreactive composition, which may be contained within a separate container, thereby coating and/or soaking the tip with the thermoreactive composition.
  • the coated and/or soaked tip may then contact a surface of a cellulosic substrate, thereby dispensing the thermoreactive compositions to a surface of a substrate using the applicator apparatus.
  • the applicator apparatus is a sprayer, configured to spray thermoreactive composition to a surface of a cellulosic substrate.
  • the sprayer is a spray gun, a spray bottle, a sprayer especially configured to spray the thermoreactive compositions, or other sprayer.
  • the sprayer includes a tip or a nozzle sufficient to finely control the spray of the thermoreactive compositions.
  • the systems include any of the compositions described herein and any of the applicator apparatuses described herein.
  • the applicator apparatuses include the thermoreactive compositions, such that the thermoreactive compositions are integrated into the applicator apparatuses.
  • the systems include the applicator apparatuses separate from the thermoreactive compositions, wherein a user implements the thermoreactive compositions into the applicator apparatuses, and/or contacts the applicator apparatus with thermoreactive compositions.
  • the systems include a container having reserve thermoreactive compositions, such that upon depletion of the thermoreactive compositions that are contained and/or implemented within the applicator apparatuses, a user can refill the applicator apparatus with the reserve thermoreactive compositions.
  • the systems further include one or more cellulosic substrates for application of the thermoreactive compositions thereon.
  • the cellulosic substrate is any substrate capable of being permanently dyed by a thermal reaction due to the thermoreactive compositions.
  • a cellulosic substrate is a substrate that is typically used in wood burning type applications, and is composed of a material that includes cellulose, or is manufactured to be similar to such materials.
  • Such cellulosic substrates include, for example, paper, cardboard, wood, engineered wood, or wood products.
  • the paper is any type of paper, including, for example, art paper, canvas paper, transfer paper, printer paper, cardstock, construction paper, tissue paper, or origami paper.
  • the cardboard is any type of cardboard, including, for example, corrugated fiberboard, paperboard, carton paper, or mat board.
  • the wood is any type of wood, including, for example, balsa wood, pine, basswood, birch, oak, poplar, pallet wood, beech, cherry, maple, pacific albus, alder, hickory, apple, ash, bamboo, blackthorn, cedar, cypress, douglas fir, ebony, elder, elm, eucalyptus, hawthorn, hazel, heartwood, hemlock, holly, hornbeam, horse chestnut, larch, lime, pear, plane, redwood, rowan, sapwood, spruce, sweet chestnut, sycamore, walnut, willow, yew, palm, aspen, sourwood, light craft woods, mahogany, or teak.
  • the engineered wood is any type of engineered wood, including, for example, plywood, veneer, particle board, or fiberboard.
  • substrates include those intended or desirable for use in wood burning applications, and does not include metal or plastic substrates.
  • the systems further include a heat source.
  • the heat source is capable of causing the thermoreactive compositions to undergo a thermal reaction, thereby permanently dying the surface of the substrate only where the thermoreactive compositions are applied.
  • the heat source is a heat gun, an oven, a blow dryer, or an open flame source (such as a match, candle, lighter, or blow torch).
  • the heat source is capable of reaching a temperature of less than 250°F, such as 175°F, 180°F, 190°F, 200°F, 205°F, 210°F, 215°F, 220°F, 225°F, 230°F, 235°F, 240°F, 245°F, 250°F or less, or at a temperature within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values.
  • the systems further include instructions for permanently dying a surface of a substrate.
  • the instructions include the methods or portions of the methods described herein elsewhere.
  • thermoreactive compositions as described herein onto a surface of a substrate, and applying heat to the surface of a substrate at a temperature sufficient to cause a thermal reaction of the thermoreactive composition, thereby permanently dying the surface of the substrate only where the thermoreactive composition is applied.
  • the temperature sufficient to cause a thermal reaction is a temperature of less than 250°F, such as 175°F, 180°F, 190°F, 200°F, 205°F, 210°F, 215°F, 220°F, 225°F, 230°F, 235°F, 240°F, 245°F, 250°F or less, or at a temperature within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values.
  • applying heat to the surface includes using a heat source to direct heat to the surface of the substrate.
  • a heat source may include any heat source capable of heating the substrate, the surface of the substrate, or the thermoreactive composition applied to the substrate to a temperature of less than 250°F, such as 175°F, 180°F, 190°F, 200°F, 205°F, 210°F, 215°F, 220°F, 225°F, 230°F, 235°F, 240°F, 245°F, 250°F or less, or at a temperature within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values.
  • thermoreactive compositions [0044] The following example provides exemplary thermoreactive compositions.
  • Thermoreactive compositions were prepared having desirable characteristics that include sufficient viscosity for implementation in an applicator device and application to a substrate in a precise and defined manner, visibility such that the composition can be visually recognized upon application to a substrate, sensitive reactivity to heat, low bleeding on substrates, and high stability.
  • the components of the composition must be compatible in a formulation, and enable the composition to properly function.
  • thermoreactive composition was prepared as set forth in
  • Example 1 exhibit surprising and unexpected characteristics.
  • the composition as set forth in Table 1 is capable of undergoing a thermal reaction at a lower temperature than is required for prior art compositions.
  • the composition set forth in Table 1 was capable of undergoing a thermal reaction at a temperature of 250°F.
  • a lower heat is required to permanently dye the surface of the substrate, resulting in better control in dying the surface of the substrate, with a simultaneous decrease in damage to the surface of the substrate that occurs as a result of excess heat.
  • composition of Table 1 is capable of being applied to a surface of a substrate in more controlled manner as compared to prior art compositions, due to improved viscosity, decreased bleeding, and improved surface dynamics of the compositions on the substrates, thereby resulting in a more controlled application of the compositions on the surface of the substrate, and more consistent dye marks.
  • thermoreactive composition was prepared as set forth in Table 2.
  • the formulation described in Table 2 was optionally formulated with additional components, such as a pigment, or with different viscosity agents.
  • additional components such as a pigment, or with different viscosity agents.
  • ferric chloride was selected due to its hygroscopic characteristics, thereby selected to prevent wicking and/or bleeding of the formulation when applied to a substrate.
  • the formulation described in Table 2 resulted in superior formulations having lower activation temperatures compared to other formulations. In particular, permanent dying was observed at temperatures of less than 250°F, specifically at a temperature of about 220°F or less.
  • thermoreactive compositions described herein implemented into an applicator apparatus.
  • thermoreactive compositions were prepared as set forth in Example 1.
  • the thermoreactive compositions were implemented into an applicator apparatus as shown in Figure 1.
  • the applicator apparatus included a reservoir, into which the thermoreactive compositions was dispensed.
  • the applicator apparatus includes a tip located at each end of the applicator apparatus.
  • One tip was a bullet tip marker and one tip was a brush tip.
  • the bullet tip was implemented into a valve and spring system as shown in Figure 2, such that upon depressing the bullet tip, the spring is depressed, opening the valve into the reservoir, causing thermoreactive composition to flow from the reservoir into the bullet tip, thereby saturating the bullet tip with thermoreactive composition, which was then contacted onto the surface of the substrate, and thermoreactive composition applied thereto.
  • the brush tip was implemented into the applicator apparatus on the opposing end of the applicator apparatus from the bullet tip.
  • the brush tip was configured in such a way as to be immersed into the reservoir containing the thermoreactive compositions, thereby saturating the brush tip with thermoreactive composition, which was then contacted onto the surface of the substrate, and thermoreactive composition applied thereto.
  • thermoreactive compositions described herein demonstrates application of the thermoreactive compositions described herein to a substrate.
  • thermoreactive compositions of Example 1 were used to apply any of the thermoreactive compositions of Example 1 to the surface of a pine wood substrate.
  • the bullet tip of the applicator apparatus was pressed onto a surface of a substrate to open the valve in the applicator apparatus, thereby allowing thermoreactive composition to flow into and saturate the bullet tip.
  • the user then applied thermoreactive composition to the surface of the substrate in a controlled and specific design.
  • the user saturated the brush tip with thermoreactive composition, and contacted the brush tip to the surface of the substrate in a controlled manner to generate a specific design.
  • Example 4 Permanently Dying a Substrate
  • thermoreactive compositions described herein demonstrate a method of permanently dying a substrate using the thermoreactive compositions described herein.
  • thermoreactive compositions Following application of any of the thermoreactive compositions to the substrate, as performed in Example 3, the substrate was exposed to a heat source using a heat gun.
  • the heat gun reached a temperature of less than 250°F, upon which the thermoreactive compositions underwent a thermal reaction, causing the surface of the substrate to permanently dye only in the area where the thermoreactive composition was applied. Varying degrees of dye marks were achieved by exposing the surface of the substrate or portions thereof to lesser or greater temperatures, depending on the degree of dye desired in any particular region.
  • a or “an” can refer to one of or a plurality of the elements it modifies (e.g., “a reagent” can mean one or more reagents) unless it is contextually clear either one of the elements or more than one of the elements is described.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Les compositions décrites dans la présente invention concernent des formulations thermoréactives qui sont mises en oeuvre dans des systèmes destinés à être utilisés pour la coloration permanente d'un substrat. Les compositions de l'invention comprennent un ou plusieurs composés thermoréactifs qui sont activés dans des conditions environnementales pour générer une chaleur suffisante pour colorer en permanence un substrat. Les systèmes décrits ici comprennent un appareil applicateur pour distribuer les compositions sur un substrat selon un motif précis et souhaitable. Les procédés décrits ici comprennent l'application des compositions sur un substrat, et l'application de chaleur au substrat, la composition réagissant et colorant le substrat.
PCT/US2022/011043 2021-01-04 2022-01-03 Compositions thermoréactives, systèmes et procédés WO2022147504A1 (fr)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6042842A (en) * 1998-03-27 2000-03-28 L'oreal S.A. Cosmetic composition comprising a novel pigment
US20130315779A1 (en) * 2012-05-24 2013-11-28 Contact Marketing Solutions Innovative Technologies Method for controlling odors associated with animal and plant byproducts
US20170172878A1 (en) * 2015-12-17 2017-06-22 Sidiram S. Ragoonath Method of Making a Hair Growth Product
US20180057773A1 (en) * 2016-08-24 2018-03-01 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Iron-containing cleaner composition
US20180280288A1 (en) * 2017-04-04 2018-10-04 Drew Hamilton Natural Teeth Whitener Formulation

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6042842A (en) * 1998-03-27 2000-03-28 L'oreal S.A. Cosmetic composition comprising a novel pigment
US20130315779A1 (en) * 2012-05-24 2013-11-28 Contact Marketing Solutions Innovative Technologies Method for controlling odors associated with animal and plant byproducts
US20170172878A1 (en) * 2015-12-17 2017-06-22 Sidiram S. Ragoonath Method of Making a Hair Growth Product
US20180057773A1 (en) * 2016-08-24 2018-03-01 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Iron-containing cleaner composition
US20180280288A1 (en) * 2017-04-04 2018-10-04 Drew Hamilton Natural Teeth Whitener Formulation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ANONYMOUS: "Wood Burning Experiment with Ammonium Chloride", BIRDZ OF A FEATHER, 29 August 2019 (2019-08-29), pages 1 - 16, XP055953914, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://web.archive.org/web/20190908104137/https://birdzofafeather.ca/diy/wood-burning-with-ammonium-chloride> [retrieved on 20220425] *

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