WO2022127885A1 - Charging system and charger - Google Patents

Abstract

A charging system and a charger. The charging system comprises a battery pack and a charger. The charger comprises: a charging input interface (112) for accessing a first alternating current; a first rectifying and filtering circuit (142) for converting the first alternating current into a first direct current; a conversion circuit (15) for modulating the first direct current to output a second alternating current; a second rectifying and filtering circuit (143) for converting the second alternating current into a second direct current; and a control circuit (146) for controlling the conversion circuit, the conversion circuit comprising: a transformer (152) for converting a direct current into an alternating current; and a switch circuit (151) connected to the first rectifying and filtering circuit and the transformer. The switch circuit comprises a switch element (151a). The switch element comprises a control end (151b) electrically connected to the control circuit. The control circuit controls the switch element to switch on and switch off at a switching frequency greater than or equal to 150 kHz and less than or equal to 1,000 kHz. The charger in the charging system is small in size, light in weight, and convenient for a user to carry, which reduces cost.

Description

充电***和充电器Charging systems and chargers

本申请要求在2020年12月18日提交中国专利局、申请号为202011500087.0的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application with application number 202011500087.0 filed with the China Patent Office on December 18, 2020, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

技术领域technical field

本申请涉及一种充电***和充电器。The present application relates to a charging system and a charger.

背景技术Background technique

诸如电钻、电圆锯、砂光机、割草机等的电动工具通常使用电池包作为能量源，这样，这些电动工具在使用过程中比较环保，不会污染环境。电池包能够存储一定的电量，当电池包电量不足时，电池包需要使用充电器进行充电。但是，充电器的体积较大、重量也比较大，且适配性比较差。这样，当用户需要出门工作时，不能随意的找到适配电池包的充电器，则需要一并将充电器带着。而充电器的重量较重，使得用户在携带过程中比较费力。而且充电器的体积较大，用户需要准备一个较大的工具包才能容纳电动工具、电池包和充电器。Power tools such as electric drills, electric circular saws, sanders, lawn mowers, etc. usually use battery packs as an energy source, so that these power tools are environmentally friendly during use and will not pollute the environment. The battery pack can store a certain amount of power. When the battery pack is insufficient, the battery pack needs to be charged with a charger. However, the charger is bulky, heavy, and has poor adaptability. In this way, when the user needs to go out to work, he cannot find a charger suitable for the battery pack at will, so he needs to take the charger with him. The weight of the charger is relatively heavy, which makes it difficult for the user to carry it. Moreover, the charger is bulky, and users need to prepare a larger tool bag to accommodate power tools, battery packs and chargers.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

为解决相关技术的不足，本申请的目的在于提供一种体积小、重量轻的充电***和充电器。In order to solve the deficiencies of the related art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a charging system and a charger with small size and light weight.

为了实现上述目标，本申请采用如下的技术方案：In order to achieve the above goals, the application adopts the following technical solutions:

一种充电***，包括电池包和用于给电池包充电的充电器，电池包包括用于存储电能的电芯组件，电芯组件包括电芯单元，电芯单元的数量大于或等于3；充电器包括：充电输入接口，用于接入第一交流电；第一整流滤波电路，用于将第一交流电转换成第一直流电；转换电路，用于调制第一直流电以输出第二交流电；第二整流滤波电路，用于将第二交流电转换成第二直流电；充电输出接口，用于输出第二直流电；控制电路，用于控制转换电路；其中，转换电路包括：变压器，用于将直流电转换成交流电；开关电路，连接至第一整流滤波电路和变压器；开关电路包括一个开关元件，开关元件包括与控制电路电连接的控制端，控制电路控制开关元件以大于或等于150kHz且小于或等于1000kHz的开关频率开关。A charging system includes a battery pack and a charger for charging the battery pack, the battery pack includes a cell assembly for storing electrical energy, the cell assembly includes cell units, and the number of the cell units is greater than or equal to 3; charging The device includes: a charging input interface for connecting to the first alternating current; a first rectifying and filtering circuit for converting the first alternating current into a first direct current; a conversion circuit for modulating the first direct current to output the second alternating current; a second alternating current a rectification filter circuit for converting the second alternating current into a second direct current; a charging output interface for outputting the second direct current; a control circuit for controlling the conversion circuit; wherein the conversion circuit comprises: a transformer for converting the direct current into alternating current; a switch circuit, connected to the first rectification filter circuit and the transformer; the switch circuit includes a switch element, the switch element includes a control terminal electrically connected with the control circuit, the control circuit controls the switch element to be greater than or equal to 150kHz and less than or equal to 1000kHz switching frequency switch.

在一些实施例中，开关电路还包括：驱动电路，用于放大控制电路输出至开关元件的控制信号；其中，开关元件和驱动电路集成为一个芯片。In some embodiments, the switch circuit further includes: a drive circuit for amplifying the control signal output by the control circuit to the switch element; wherein the switch element and the drive circuit are integrated into one chip.

在一些实施例中，充电输出接口的输出电压大于或等于5V且小于或等于21V。In some embodiments, the output voltage of the charging output interface is greater than or equal to 5V and less than or equal to 21V.

在一些实施例中，充电输出接口能输出具有第一电压值的第二直流电或者具有第二电压值的第二直流电。In some embodiments, the charging output interface can output the second direct current having the first voltage value or the second direct current having the second voltage value.

在一些实施例中，电池包的标称电压大于或等于12V且小于或等于100V。In some embodiments, the nominal voltage of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 12V and less than or equal to 100V.

在一些实施例中，充电***还包括：用于控制充电器的输出功率的充电控制电路，充电控制电路设置在充电输出接口和电池包之间；其中，充电控制电路设置在电池包内或者充电器内。In some embodiments, the charging system further includes: a charging control circuit for controlling the output power of the charger, the charging control circuit is provided between the charging output interface and the battery pack; wherein the charging control circuit is provided in the battery pack or charging inside the device.

在一些实施例中，充电***还包括适配器，适配器包括：适配器输入接口，用于与充电输出接口电连接；适配器输出接口，用于与电池包电连接的。In some embodiments, the charging system further includes an adapter, and the adapter includes: an adapter input interface for electrically connecting with the charging output interface; and an adapter output interface for electrically connecting with the battery pack.

在一些实施例中，充电***还包括用于使适配器输出接口输出的充电电压与电池包的标称电压相同的充电控制电路，充电控制电路设置在充电器内或者适配器内。In some embodiments, the charging system further includes a charging control circuit for making the charging voltage output by the adapter output interface be the same as the nominal voltage of the battery pack, and the charging control circuit is arranged in the charger or in the adapter.

在一些实施例中，充电器还包括：EMI滤波电路，连接在充电输入接口和第一整流滤波电路之间。In some embodiments, the charger further includes: an EMI filter circuit connected between the charging input interface and the first rectification filter circuit.

在一些实施例中，充电***还包括：能通过充电器进行充电的第二电池包；其中，电池包具有第一标称电压，第二电池包具有第二标称电压，第一标称电压大于第二标称电压。In some embodiments, the charging system further includes: a second battery pack capable of being charged by a charger; wherein the battery pack has a first nominal voltage, the second battery pack has a second nominal voltage, and the first nominal voltage greater than the second nominal voltage.

在一些实施例中，电池包还包括：电池包壳体，用于容纳电芯组件；电池包壳体上还设置有用于给电动工具进行供电的电池包接口。In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes: a battery pack casing for accommodating the battery cell assembly; and a battery pack interface for supplying power to the power tool is further provided on the battery pack casing.

在一些实施例中，充电器还包括电路板组件和充电器壳体，充电器壳体形成有用于容纳电路板组件的容纳腔，充电器的输出功率与充电器壳体的体积的比值大于或等于0.3W/cm3且小于或等于1.2W/cm3。In some embodiments, the charger further includes a circuit board assembly and a charger casing, the charger casing is formed with a accommodating cavity for accommodating the circuit board assembly, and the ratio of the output power of the charger to the volume of the charger casing is greater than or Equal to 0.3W/cm3 and less than or equal to 1.2W/cm3.

在一些实施例中，充电器的重量与一个电芯单元的重量的比值大于或等于1.5且小于或等于3.4。In some embodiments, the ratio of the weight of the charger to the weight of one cell unit is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 3.4.

在一些实施例中，充电器的重量与电池包的重量的比值大于或等于0.1且小于或等于0.7。In some embodiments, the ratio of the weight of the charger to the weight of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.7.

在一些实施例中，充电器壳体的体积和一个电芯单元的体积的比值大于或等于4且小于或等于8。In some embodiments, the ratio of the volume of the charger housing to the volume of one cell unit is greater than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 8.

在一些实施例中，充电器壳体的体积和电池包的体积的比值大于或等于0.1且小于或等于0.5。In some embodiments, the ratio of the volume of the charger housing to the volume of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.5.

在一些实施例中，电池包的标称电压大于或等于10V且小于或等于100V。In some embodiments, the nominal voltage of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 10V and less than or equal to 100V.

在一些实施例中，充电***还包括适配器，适配器包括：用于与充电输出接口电连接的适配器输入接口和用于与电池包电连接的适配器输出接口；其中，充电器的重量与适配器的重量的比值大于或等于0.8且小于或等于1.5。In some embodiments, the charging system further includes an adapter, and the adapter includes: an adapter input interface for electrical connection with the charging output interface and an adapter output interface for electrical connection with the battery pack; wherein the weight of the charger is the same as the weight of the adapter The ratio is greater than or equal to 0.8 and less than or equal to 1.5.

在一些实施例中，充电输出接口的输出电压大于或等于5V且小于或等于21V。In some embodiments, the output voltage of the charging output interface is greater than or equal to 5V and less than or equal to 21V.

在一些实施例中，充电器的输出功率与充电器的重量的比值大于或等于0.2W/g且小于或等于1W/g。In some embodiments, the ratio of the output power of the charger to the weight of the charger is greater than or equal to 0.2 W/g and less than or equal to 1 W/g.

在一些实施例中，充电输出接口能输出具有第一电压值的第一直流电或者具有第二电压值的第二直流电。In some embodiments, the charging output interface can output a first direct current having a first voltage value or a second direct current having a second voltage value.

在一些实施例中，充电输出接口的输出电压大于或等于5V且小于或等于21V，充电器的重量与一个电芯单元的重量的比值大于或等于1.5且小于或等于3.4。In some embodiments, the output voltage of the charging output interface is greater than or equal to 5V and less than or equal to 21V, and the ratio of the weight of the charger to the weight of one cell unit is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 3.4.

在一些实施例中，第二整流滤波电路包括：整流电路，包括整流二极管；滤波电路，包括用于储能的电解电容组件；其中，电解电容组件的总容量与充电器的输出功率的比值大于或等于2.8uF/W且小于或等于4.0uF/W。In some embodiments, the second rectification filter circuit includes: a rectifier circuit, including a rectifier diode; a filter circuit, including an electrolytic capacitor assembly for energy storage; wherein the ratio of the total capacity of the electrolytic capacitor assembly to the output power of the charger is greater than or equal to 2.8uF/W and less than or equal to 4.0uF/W.

一种充电器，包括：充电输入接口，用于接入第一交流电；第一整流滤波电路，用于将第一交流电转换成第一直流电；转换电路，用于调制第一直流电以输出第二交流电；第二整流滤波电路，用于将第二交流电转换成第二直流电；充电输出接口，用于输出第二直流电；控制电路，用于控制转换电路；其中，转换电路包括：变压器，用于将直流电转换成交流电；开关电路，连接至第一整流滤波电路和变压器；开关电路包括一个开关元件，开关元件包括与控制电路电连接的控制端，控制电路控制开关元件以大于或等于150kHz且小于或等于1000kHz的开关频率开关。A charger, comprising: a charging input interface for connecting to a first alternating current; a first rectification and filtering circuit for converting the first alternating current into a first direct current; a conversion circuit for modulating the first direct current to output a second direct current alternating current; a second rectification filter circuit for converting the second alternating current into a second direct current; a charging output interface for outputting the second direct current; a control circuit for controlling the conversion circuit; wherein the conversion circuit includes: a transformer for Convert direct current into alternating current; switch circuit, connected to the first rectification filter circuit and transformer; the switch circuit includes a switch element, the switch element includes a control terminal electrically connected with the control circuit, the control circuit controls the switch element to be greater than or equal to 150kHz and less than or equal to 1000kHz switching frequency switching.

一种充电***，包括电池包和用于给电池包充电的充电器，充电器包括：用于接入交流电的充电输入接口、用于输出直流电的充电输出接口、用于将交流电转换成直流电的充电电路、电路板组件和充电器壳体；充电电路连接在充电输入接口和充电输出接口之间，电路板组件承载至少部分充电电路，充电器壳体形成有用于容纳电路板组件的容纳腔；电池包包括用于存储电能的电芯组件，电芯组件包括电芯单元，电芯单元的数量大于或等于3；充电器的输出功率与充电器壳体的体积的比值大于或等于0.3W/cm3且小于或等于1.2W/cm3。A charging system includes a battery pack and a charger for charging the battery pack. The charger includes: a charging input interface for connecting to alternating current, a charging output interface for outputting direct current, and a charging interface for converting alternating current into direct current. a charging circuit, a circuit board assembly and a charger casing; the charging circuit is connected between the charging input interface and the charging output interface, the circuit board assembly carries at least part of the charging circuit, and the charger casing is formed with an accommodating cavity for accommodating the circuit board assembly; The battery pack includes a cell assembly for storing electrical energy, the cell assembly includes cell units, and the number of cell units is greater than or equal to 3; the ratio of the output power of the charger to the volume of the charger housing is greater than or equal to 0.3W/ cm3 and less than or equal to 1.2W/cm3.

在一些实施例中，充电器的重量与一个电芯单元的重量的比值大于或等于1.5且小于或等于3.4。In some embodiments, the ratio of the weight of the charger to the weight of one cell unit is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 3.4.

在一些实施例中，充电器的重量与电池包的重量的比值大于或等于0.1且小 于或等于0.7。In some embodiments, the ratio of the weight of the charger to the weight of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.7.

在一些实施例中，充电器壳体的体积和一个电芯单元的体积的比值大于或等于4且小于或等于8。In some embodiments, the ratio of the volume of the charger housing to the volume of one cell unit is greater than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 8.

在一些实施例中，充电器壳体的体积和电池包的体积的比值大于或等于0.1且小于或等于0.5。In some embodiments, the ratio of the volume of the charger housing to the volume of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.5.

在一些实施例中，电池包的标称电压大于或等于10V且小于或等于100V。In some embodiments, the nominal voltage of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 10V and less than or equal to 100V.

在一些实施例中，充电***还包括适配器，适配器包括：用于与充电输出接口电连接的适配器输入接口和用于与电池包电连接的适配器输出接口；其中，充电器的重量与适配器的重量的比值大于或等于0.8且小于或等于1.5。In some embodiments, the charging system further includes an adapter, and the adapter includes: an adapter input interface for electrical connection with the charging output interface and an adapter output interface for electrical connection with the battery pack; wherein the weight of the charger is the same as the weight of the adapter The ratio is greater than or equal to 0.8 and less than or equal to 1.5.

在一些实施例中，充电输出接口的输出电压大于或等于5V且小于或等于21V。In some embodiments, the output voltage of the charging output interface is greater than or equal to 5V and less than or equal to 21V.

在一些实施例中，充电器的输出功率与充电器的重量的比值大于或等于0.2W/g且小于或等于1W/g。In some embodiments, the ratio of the output power of the charger to the weight of the charger is greater than or equal to 0.2 W/g and less than or equal to 1 W/g.

在一些实施例中，充电输出接口能输出具有第一电压值的第一直流电或者具有第二电压值的第二直流电。In some embodiments, the charging output interface can output a first direct current having a first voltage value or a second direct current having a second voltage value.

一种充电***，包括充电器和电池包；充电器包括：充电输入接口，用于接入交流电；电路板组件，与充电输入接口电连接；充电器壳体，形成有用于容纳电路板组件的容纳腔；充电输出接口，用于输出直流电，充电输出接口与电路板组件构成电连接；电池包包括：电池包输入接口，用于与充电输出接口电连接；电芯组件，包括电芯单元；电池包壳体，用于容纳电芯组件；其中，电芯单元的数目大于或等于3，充电输出接口的输出电压大于或等于5V且小于或等于21V，充电器的重量与一个电芯单元的重量的比值大于或等于1.5且小于或等于3.4。A charging system includes a charger and a battery pack; the charger includes: a charging input interface for connecting to alternating current; a circuit board assembly, which is electrically connected with the charging input interface; an accommodating cavity; a charging output interface for outputting direct current, and the charging output interface is electrically connected with the circuit board assembly; the battery pack includes: a battery pack input interface, used for electrical connection with the charging output interface; a battery cell assembly, including a battery cell unit; The battery pack housing is used to accommodate battery cell components; the number of battery cell units is greater than or equal to 3, the output voltage of the charging output interface is greater than or equal to 5V and less than or equal to 21V, and the weight of the charger is equal to the weight of one battery cell unit. The weight ratio is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 3.4.

一种充电器，包括：充电输入接口，用于接入第一交流电；第一整流滤波电路，用于将第一交流电转换成第一直流电；转换电路，用于调制第一直流电以输出第二交流电；第二整流滤波电路，用于将第二交流电转换成第二直流电；充电输出接口，用于输出第二直流电；控制电路，用于控制转换电路；第二整流滤波电路包括：整流电路，包括整流二极管；滤波电路，包括用于储能的电解电容组件；其中，电解电容组件的总容量与充电器的输出功率的比值大于或等于2.8uF/W且小于或等于4.0uF/W。A charger, comprising: a charging input interface for connecting to a first alternating current; a first rectification and filtering circuit for converting the first alternating current into a first direct current; a conversion circuit for modulating the first direct current to output a second direct current alternating current; a second rectifying and filtering circuit for converting the second alternating current into a second direct current; a charging output interface for outputting the second direct current; a control circuit for controlling the conversion circuit; the second rectifying and filtering circuit comprises: a rectifying circuit, Including a rectifier diode; a filter circuit, including an electrolytic capacitor assembly for energy storage; wherein, the ratio of the total capacity of the electrolytic capacitor assembly to the output power of the charger is greater than or equal to 2.8uF/W and less than or equal to 4.0uF/W.

本申请的有益之处在于：充电***中充电器的体积较小，充电器也比较轻，方便用户携带，降低了成本。The advantages of the present application are that: the charger in the charging system is small in size, and the charger is also relatively light, which is convenient for the user to carry and reduces the cost.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是第一实施例的电动工具***的立体图；1 is a perspective view of a power tool system of a first embodiment;

图2是图1中的电动工具***中的充电***的***图；FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the charging system in the power tool system of FIG. 1;

图3是图2中的充电***的另一立体图；FIG. 3 is another perspective view of the charging system in FIG. 2;

图4是图3中的电池包在去掉部分电池包壳体时的立体图；FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the battery pack in FIG. 3 when part of the battery pack casing is removed;

图5是图2中的充电***的电路图；FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the charging system in FIG. 2;

图6是图2中的充电器的主体在充电器壳体的一部分被剖开时的立体图；6 is a perspective view of the main body of the charger in FIG. 2 when a portion of the charger housing is cut away;

图7是图2中的充电器的主体在充电器壳体的另一部分被剖开时的立体图；FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the main body of the charger in FIG. 2 when another part of the charger housing is cut away;

图8是图1中的充电***还包括第二电池包时的立体图；FIG. 8 is a perspective view when the charging system in FIG. 1 further includes a second battery pack;

图9是图1中的充电器的电路图；FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of the charger in FIG. 1;

图10是第二实施例的充电***的立体图；10 is a perspective view of the charging system of the second embodiment;

图11是图10中的充电***的***图；Figure 11 is an exploded view of the charging system in Figure 10;

图12是图10中的充电***的另一***图；Figure 12 is another exploded view of the charging system in Figure 10;

图13是第三实施例的充电***的立体图；13 is a perspective view of the charging system of the third embodiment;

图14是图13所示的充电***的***图；Fig. 14 is an exploded view of the charging system shown in Fig. 13;

图15是图13所示的充电***的另一***图；Fig. 15 is another exploded view of the charging system shown in Fig. 13;

图16是图13所示的充电***的电路图；FIG. 16 is a circuit diagram of the charging system shown in FIG. 13;

图17是第四实施例的充电***的立体图；17 is a perspective view of the charging system of the fourth embodiment;

图18是图17所示的充电***的***图；Fig. 18 is an exploded view of the charging system shown in Fig. 17;

图19是图17所示的充电***的另一***图；Figure 19 is another exploded view of the charging system shown in Figure 17;

图20是第五实施例的充电***的立体图。20 is a perspective view of a charging system of the fifth embodiment.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

如图1所示的第一实施例的电动工具***100包括：充电***10a和电动工具10b。电动工具10b可以是扭力输出类工具，例如电钻、螺丝批、电锤、电动扳手、搅拌机等。电动工具10b还可以是锯类工具，例如电圆锯、往复锯、曲线锯、带锯、台型切割机、斜切锯等。电动工具10b还可以是磨砂类工具，例如角磨、砂光机、砂带机等。电动工具10b还可以是园林工具，例如割草机、打草机、修枝机、链锯、吹风机等。当然，电动工具10b还可以是灯、扫雪机等。事实上，只要采用本申请下面的实质性的内容的电动工具***100均属于 本申请所保护的技术方案。The power tool system 100 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 includes a charging system 10a and a power tool 10b. The power tool 10b may be a torque output type tool, such as an electric drill, a screwdriver, an electric hammer, an electric wrench, a mixer, and the like. The power tool 10b may also be a saw-type tool, such as a circular saw, a reciprocating saw, a jig saw, a band saw, a table cutter, a miter saw, and the like. The power tool 10b may also be a grinding tool, such as an angle grinder, a sander, a belt grinder, and the like. The power tool 10b may also be a garden tool, such as a lawn mower, a lawn trimmer, a pruning machine, a chainsaw, a hair dryer, and the like. Of course, the power tool 10b may also be a lamp, a snow blower, or the like. In fact, as long as the power tool system 100 adopts the following substantive contents of the present application, it belongs to the technical solution protected by the present application.

如图1至图3所示，充电***10a包括充电器10和电池包20，电池包20用于给电动工具10b供电。在本实施中，电池包20相对电动工具10b独立设置。电池包20与电动工具10b构成可拆卸连接。当需要使用电动工具10b工作时，用户可以将电池包20插装至电动工具10b以给电动工具10b供电。当不使用电动工具10b或者电池包20电量不足时，用户可以将电池包20从电动工具10b上拆卸下来。As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , the charging system 10a includes a charger 10 and a battery pack 20, and the battery pack 20 is used to supply power to the power tool 10b. In this embodiment, the battery pack 20 is provided independently of the electric power tool 10b. The battery pack 20 is detachably connected to the power tool 10b. When the power tool 10b needs to be used for work, the user can insert the battery pack 20 into the power tool 10b to supply power to the power tool 10b. When the power tool 10b is not used or the battery pack 20 is insufficiently charged, the user can detach the battery pack 20 from the power tool 10b.

电动工具10b形成有工具接口10c，电池包20形成有电池包接口21，电池包接口21能与工具接口10c适配。当电池包20安装至电动工具10b时，电池包接口21与工具接口10c构成机械连接以保证电池包20不脱离电动工具10b。电池包20还与工具接口10c构成电连接以使得电池包20与电动工具10b构成电连接。The power tool 10b is formed with a tool interface 10c, the battery pack 20 is formed with a battery pack interface 21, and the battery pack interface 21 can be adapted to the tool interface 10c. When the battery pack 20 is installed on the power tool 10b, the battery pack interface 21 and the tool interface 10c form a mechanical connection to ensure that the battery pack 20 is not separated from the power tool 10b. The battery pack 20 is also electrically connected to the tool interface 10c so that the battery pack 20 is electrically connected to the power tool 10b.

如图3和图4所示，电池包20包括电池包壳体22和电芯组件23。电池包壳体22围绕形成有第一容纳腔221，电芯组件23设置在电池包壳体22内。电池包壳体22上形成上述的电池包接口21，电池包接口21设置有多个电池包极片，电池包极片与电芯组件23构成电连接。电芯组件23包括多个电芯单元231a，电芯单元231a的数量大于或等于3，电池包20的标称电压大于或等于10V且小于或等于100V。当然可以理解的，电芯单元231a的数量不限制于3。在本实施例中，电芯单元231a的数量为10，5个电芯单元231a构成一个电芯单元组231，电芯组件23包括两个电芯单元组231，每个电芯单元组231内的电芯单元231a构成串联，两个电芯单元组231之间构成并联。每个电芯单元组231包括5个电芯单元231a。在本实施例中，电池包20的标称电压为20V。As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 , the battery pack 20 includes a battery pack case 22 and a cell assembly 23 . A first accommodating cavity 221 is formed around the battery pack case 22 , and the cell assembly 23 is disposed in the battery pack case 22 . The above-mentioned battery pack interface 21 is formed on the battery pack casing 22 . The battery pack interface 21 is provided with a plurality of battery pack pole pieces, and the battery pack pole pieces are electrically connected to the cell assembly 23 . The cell assembly 23 includes a plurality of cell units 231a, the number of the cell units 231a is greater than or equal to 3, and the nominal voltage of the battery pack 20 is greater than or equal to 10V and less than or equal to 100V. Of course, it can be understood that the number of cell units 231a is not limited to three. In this embodiment, the number of cell units 231a is 10, five cell units 231a constitute one cell unit group 231, and the cell assembly 23 includes two cell unit groups 231, and each cell unit group 231 contains The battery cell units 231a are connected in series, and the two battery cell unit groups 231 are connected in parallel. Each cell unit group 231 includes five cell units 231a. In this embodiment, the nominal voltage of the battery pack 20 is 20V.

在一些实施例中，电池包的标称电压可以大于或等于10V且小于或等于20V，例如，电池包的标称电压可以为12V，18V，20V等。在其它一些实施例中，电池包的标称电压可以大于或等于20V且小于或等于100V，例如，电池包的标称电压可以为24V，40V，56V，80V等。在一些实施例中，一个电芯单元组中所包含的电芯单元的数目可以大于或等于3且小于或等于5，例如一个电芯单元组中所包含的电芯单元的数目可以为3个，4个或者5个。在一些实施例中，一个电芯单元组中所包含的电芯单元的数目可以大于或等于6且小于或等于25，例如，一个电芯单元组中所包含的电芯单元的数目可以为6个，10个，14个，20个等。In some embodiments, the nominal voltage of the battery pack may be greater than or equal to 10V and less than or equal to 20V, for example, the nominal voltage of the battery pack may be 12V, 18V, 20V, and so on. In some other embodiments, the nominal voltage of the battery pack may be greater than or equal to 20V and less than or equal to 100V, for example, the nominal voltage of the battery pack may be 24V, 40V, 56V, 80V, and so on. In some embodiments, the number of cell units included in one cell unit group may be greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 5, for example, the number of cell units included in one cell unit group may be 3 , 4 or 5. In some embodiments, the number of cell units included in one cell unit group may be greater than or equal to 6 and less than or equal to 25, for example, the number of cell units included in one cell unit group may be 6 10, 14, 20, etc.

在一些实施例中，电池包可以仅包括一个电芯单元组，这样，电池包的体积会比较小。在一些实施例中，电池包还可以包括三个电芯单元组或者四个电芯单元组，这样可以提高电池包的容量，延长电池包的续航时间。在本事实例 中，电池包的容量大于或等于1.5Ah且小于或等于20Ah。In some embodiments, the battery pack may include only one cell unit group, so that the volume of the battery pack will be relatively small. In some embodiments, the battery pack may further include three cell unit groups or four cell unit groups, which can increase the capacity of the battery pack and prolong the battery life of the battery pack. In this example, the capacity of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 1.5 Ah and less than or equal to 20 Ah.

电芯单元231a为圆柱形电芯，进一步地，电芯单元231a为圆柱形的锂电芯。在本实施例中，电芯单元231a为18650锂电芯，每个电芯单元231a的重量大于或等于35g且小于或等于55g，每个电芯单元231a的容量大于或等于1200mAh且小于或等于3600mAh。The cell unit 231a is a cylindrical cell, and further, the cell unit 231a is a cylindrical lithium cell. In this embodiment, the battery cells 231a are 18650 lithium batteries, the weight of each battery cell 231a is greater than or equal to 35g and less than or equal to 55g, and the capacity of each battery cell 231a is greater than or equal to 1200mAh and less than or equal to 3600mAh .

在其它一些实施例中，电芯单元也可以为21700锂电芯，每个电芯单元的重量大于或等于60g且小于或等于75g，每个电芯单元的容量大于或等于3000mAh且小于或等于5000mAh。In some other embodiments, the cell unit may also be a 21700 lithium cell, the weight of each cell unit is greater than or equal to 60g and less than or equal to 75g, and the capacity of each cell unit is greater than or equal to 3000mAh and less than or equal to 5000mAh .

电池包20采用18650锂电芯或者21700锂电芯，使得电池包20的容量比较高，从而更适合给电动工具10b进行供电。The battery pack 20 adopts 18650 lithium battery cells or 21700 lithium battery cells, so that the capacity of the battery pack 20 is relatively high, which is more suitable for supplying power to the power tool 10b.

充电器10用于给电池包20充电，当电池包20电量不足时，充电器10可以连接电网以给电池包20充电。The charger 10 is used to charge the battery pack 20 . When the battery pack 20 is insufficient in power, the charger 10 can be connected to the power grid to charge the battery pack 20 .

如图2至图7所示，充电器10包括：主体11和连接线12，主体11包括：充电器壳体111、充电输入接口112、电路板组件113，连接线12包括第一端121和第二端122，第一端121与主体11连接，第二端122形成充电输出接口122a，充电输出接口122a用于与电池包20连接。充电器壳体111围绕形成有用于容纳电路板组件113的第二容纳腔111a，电路板组件113设置在第二容纳腔111a内。电路板组件113与充电输入接口112以及充电输出接口122a电连接。充电输入接口112安装至充电器壳体111上。在本实施例中，充电输入接口112包括正极极片和负极极片，正极极片和负极极片均固定安装至充电器壳体111。连接线12与充电器壳体111连接。连接线12可以与充电器壳体111构成可拆卸连接，充电器壳体111上形成有连接孔111b，第一端121能***至连接孔111b。As shown in FIGS. 2 to 7 , the charger 10 includes: a main body 11 and a connecting wire 12 . The main body 11 includes: a charger housing 111 , a charging input interface 112 , and a circuit board assembly 113 , and the connecting wire 12 includes a first end 121 and The second end 122 , the first end 121 is connected to the main body 11 , the second end 122 forms a charging output interface 122 a , and the charging output interface 122 a is used for connecting with the battery pack 20 . The charger housing 111 is formed around a second accommodating cavity 111a for accommodating the circuit board assembly 113, and the circuit board assembly 113 is disposed in the second accommodating cavity 111a. The circuit board assembly 113 is electrically connected to the charging input interface 112 and the charging output interface 122a. The charging input interface 112 is mounted on the charger housing 111 . In this embodiment, the charging input interface 112 includes a positive pole piece and a negative pole piece, and both the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece are fixedly mounted on the charger case 111 . The connecting wire 12 is connected to the charger housing 111 . The connecting wire 12 can be detachably connected with the charger housing 111 , a connecting hole 111 b is formed on the charger housing 111 , and the first end 121 can be inserted into the connecting hole 111 b.

充电器10还包括：充电控制电路13，充电控制电路13用于控制充电器10输出一个与电池包20匹配的电压以给电池包20进行充电，从而使得充电输出接口122a的输出电压与电池包20的标称电压相同。充电控制电路13设置在充电器壳体111内，充电控制电路13布置在电路板组件113上。在其它实施例中，充电控制电路也可以设置在电池包内。The charger 10 further includes: a charging control circuit 13, the charging control circuit 13 is used to control the charger 10 to output a voltage matching the battery pack 20 to charge the battery pack 20, so that the output voltage of the charging output interface 122a is the same as that of the battery pack. 20 has the same nominal voltage. The charging control circuit 13 is provided in the charger housing 111 , and the charging control circuit 13 is arranged on the circuit board assembly 113 . In other embodiments, the charging control circuit may also be provided in the battery pack.

在本实施中，连接线12的第二端122与电池包20构成可拆卸连接，电池包20包括用于与充电输出接口122a连接的电池包输入接口24。在本实施例中，电池包输入接口24与电池包接口21为不同的接口，电池包输入接口24用于与充电器10连接，电池包接口21用于与电动工具10b连接以给电动工具10b供电。当然，可以理解的，在其它实施中，电池包接口和电池包输入接口也可以是同一个接口。充电输出接口122a与电池包输入接口24连接时，充电器10能 够获取电池包20的标称电压，从而充电控制电路13能够对充电器10内部的电路进行控制以使得充电输出接口122a输出具有与电池包20的标称电压相同的电压值的直流电。In this embodiment, the second end 122 of the connecting wire 12 is detachably connected to the battery pack 20, and the battery pack 20 includes a battery pack input interface 24 for connecting with the charging output interface 122a. In this embodiment, the battery pack input interface 24 and the battery pack interface 21 are different interfaces, the battery pack input interface 24 is used for connecting with the charger 10, and the battery pack interface 21 is used for connecting with the power tool 10b to supply the power tool 10b powered by. Of course, it can be understood that in other implementations, the battery pack interface and the battery pack input interface may also be the same interface. When the charging output interface 122a is connected to the battery pack input interface 24, the charger 10 can obtain the nominal voltage of the battery pack 20, so that the charging control circuit 13 can control the internal circuit of the charger 10 so that the charging output interface 122a outputs a voltage having the same voltage as that of the battery pack 20. Direct current of the same voltage value as the nominal voltage of the battery pack 20 .

连接线12的第一端121也形成充电输出接口121a，该充电输出接口121a与第二端122的充电输出接口122a的结构相同。这样，用户也可以使得连接线12的第一端121与电池包20连接并且第二端122与主体11连接。从而，用户可以不用分辨连接线12的哪一端与电池包20连接，从而提高的操作的便捷性。The first end 121 of the connecting wire 12 also forms a charging output interface 121 a, and the charging output interface 121 a has the same structure as the charging output interface 122 a of the second end 122 . In this way, the user can also connect the first end 121 of the connecting wire 12 to the battery pack 20 and the second end 122 to the main body 11 . Therefore, the user does not need to distinguish which end of the connecting wire 12 is connected to the battery pack 20, thereby improving the convenience of operation.

在本实施中，充电***10a包括电池包20，电池包20可以定义为第一电池包。如图8所示，充电***10a包括电池包20，还包括第二电池包30。第二电池包30形成有第二电池包输入接口34。当充电输出接口122a与电池包20的电池包输入接口24连接时，这时充电器10识别到电池包20的标称电压，充电控制电路13根据识别到的标称电压控制充电器10的充电输出接口122a输出具有与电池包20的标称电压相同的第一电压值的直流电。而当充电输出接口122a与第二电池包30的第二电池包输入接口34连接时，这时充电器10识别到第二电池包30的第二标称电压，充电控制电路13根据识别到的第二标称电压控制充电器10的充电输出接口122a输出具有与第二标称电压相同的第二电压值的直流电。标称电压大于第一标称电压，第一电压值与第二电压值不同，第一电压值大于第二电压值。这样，充电器10能够输出具有第一电压值的直流电，也可以输出具有第二电压值的直流电，从而可以提高充电器10的适配能力。通过一个充电器10能够给具有不同标称电压的电池包20进行充电，降低了用户的使用成本和使用的方便性。In this embodiment, the charging system 10a includes a battery pack 20, and the battery pack 20 may be defined as a first battery pack. As shown in FIG. 8 , the charging system 10 a includes a battery pack 20 and also includes a second battery pack 30 . The second battery pack 30 is formed with a second battery pack input interface 34 . When the charging output interface 122a is connected to the battery pack input interface 24 of the battery pack 20, the charger 10 recognizes the nominal voltage of the battery pack 20, and the charging control circuit 13 controls the charging of the charger 10 according to the recognized nominal voltage. The output interface 122a outputs direct current having the same first voltage value as the nominal voltage of the battery pack 20 . When the charging output interface 122a is connected to the second battery pack input interface 34 of the second battery pack 30, the charger 10 recognizes the second nominal voltage of the second battery pack 30, and the charging control circuit 13 recognizes the second nominal voltage of the second battery pack 30 according to the recognized voltage. The charging output interface 122a of the second nominal voltage control charger 10 outputs a direct current having the same second voltage value as the second nominal voltage. The nominal voltage is greater than the first nominal voltage, the first voltage value is different from the second voltage value, and the first voltage value is greater than the second voltage value. In this way, the charger 10 can output the direct current having the first voltage value, and can also output the direct current having the second voltage value, so that the adaptability of the charger 10 can be improved. The battery packs 20 with different nominal voltages can be charged by one charger 10 , which reduces the use cost and convenience for users.

如图5和图9所示，充电器10还包括设置在充电输入接口112和充电控制电路13之间的充电电路14。充电电路14用于将交流电转换成直流电，电路板组件113承载至少部分充电电路14。充电控制电路13用于对充电电路14进行控制，以使得充电器10输出与电池包20的标称电压相同的直流电。充电电路14包括：EMI滤波电路141、第一整流滤波电路142、转换电路15、第二整流滤波电路143、采样电路144、补偿反馈电路145和控制电路146。EMI滤波电路141、第一整流滤波电路142、转换电路15、第二整流滤波电路143、采样电路144、补偿反馈电路145和控制电路146所构成的整体的至少部分设置在电路板组件113上。As shown in FIGS. 5 and 9 , the charger 10 further includes a charging circuit 14 disposed between the charging input interface 112 and the charging control circuit 13 . The charging circuit 14 is used to convert the alternating current to direct current, and the circuit board assembly 113 carries at least part of the charging circuit 14 . The charging control circuit 13 is used to control the charging circuit 14 so that the charger 10 outputs the same DC power as the nominal voltage of the battery pack 20 . The charging circuit 14 includes: an EMI filter circuit 141 , a first rectifier filter circuit 142 , a conversion circuit 15 , a second rectifier filter circuit 143 , a sampling circuit 144 , a compensation feedback circuit 145 and a control circuit 146 . The EMI filter circuit 141 , the first rectifier and filter circuit 142 , the conversion circuit 15 , the second rectifier and filter circuit 143 , the sampling circuit 144 , the compensation feedback circuit 145 and the control circuit 146 constitute at least part of the whole set on the circuit board assembly 113 .

在本实施例中，充电器10的充电输入接口112用于与电网连接以将电网中的第一交流电接入到充电器10中。In this embodiment, the charging input interface 112 of the charger 10 is used for connecting with the power grid to connect the first alternating current in the power grid to the charger 10 .

EMI滤波电路141用于防止电网中其他频率的交流信号对充电器10和电池包20造成干扰。EMI滤波电路141与充电输入接口112电连接，EMI滤波电路 141设置在充电输入接口112和第一整流滤波电路143之间。EMI滤波电路141使电网中预设频率的第一交流电输入到充电器10中，同时也能减少对外界的电磁干扰。The EMI filter circuit 141 is used to prevent AC signals of other frequencies in the power grid from causing interference to the charger 10 and the battery pack 20 . The EMI filter circuit 141 is electrically connected to the charging input interface 112 , and the EMI filter circuit 141 is arranged between the charging input interface 112 and the first rectification filter circuit 143 . The EMI filter circuit 141 enables the first alternating current of the preset frequency in the power grid to be input into the charger 10, and can also reduce electromagnetic interference to the outside world.

第一整流滤波电路142设置在EMI滤波电路141和转换电路15之间，第一整流滤波电路142用于将第一交流电转换成第一直流电。第一整流滤波电路142具体包括第一整流电路和第一滤波电路。第一整流电路用于将第一交流电转换成脉动的直流电。在本实施例中，第一整流电路可以为全桥整流电路。第一滤波电路用于将脉动的直流电转换成平滑的直流电。The first rectifying and filtering circuit 142 is disposed between the EMI filtering circuit 141 and the converting circuit 15, and the first rectifying and filtering circuit 142 is used for converting the first alternating current into the first direct current. The first rectifying and filtering circuit 142 specifically includes a first rectifying circuit and a first filtering circuit. The first rectifier circuit is used to convert the first alternating current into pulsating direct current. In this embodiment, the first rectifier circuit may be a full-bridge rectifier circuit. The first filter circuit is used to convert the pulsating direct current into smooth direct current.

转换电路15用于将第一直流电进行调制以输出第二交流电。转换电路15具体包括：开关电路151、变压器152和驱动电路153。开关电路151连接在第一整流滤波电路142和变压器152之间。开关电路151用于对第一整流滤波电路142输出的第一直流电进行调制并输出至变压器152，变压器152对调制后的直流电进行电压的变化以输出第二交流电。驱动电路153用于驱动开关电路151导通或者断开。The conversion circuit 15 is used for modulating the first direct current to output the second alternating current. The conversion circuit 15 specifically includes: a switch circuit 151 , a transformer 152 and a drive circuit 153 . The switch circuit 151 is connected between the first rectification filter circuit 142 and the transformer 152 . The switch circuit 151 is used for modulating the first DC power output by the first rectifying and filtering circuit 142 and outputting it to the transformer 152 , and the transformer 152 changes the voltage of the modulated DC power to output the second AC power. The drive circuit 153 is used to drive the switch circuit 151 to be turned on or off.

开关电路151包括一个开关元件151a，开关元件151a为一个功率开关。开关元件151a包括与驱动电路153连接的控制端151b，驱动电路153能够驱动开关元件151a是否导通。在本实施中，开关元件151a和驱动电路153集成为一个芯片16，芯片16安装至电路板组件113上。The switch circuit 151 includes a switch element 151a, and the switch element 151a is a power switch. The switching element 151a includes a control terminal 151b connected to the driving circuit 153, and the driving circuit 153 can drive whether the switching element 151a is turned on. In this embodiment, the switching element 151 a and the driving circuit 153 are integrated into one chip 16 , and the chip 16 is mounted on the circuit board assembly 113 .

在本实施例中，开关元件151a能以大于或等于150kHz且小于或等于1000kHz的开关频率开关。这样，开关元件151a能以大于或等于150kHz且小于或等于1000kHz的开关频率进行导通和断开。开关元件151a的开关频率设置的比较大，这样使得充电器10内的其它的电容、电感等电子元件的体积、重量被大大减小，从而有利于减小充电器10的体积和重量。进一步而言，开关元件151a能以大于或等于150kHz且小于或等于500kHz的开关频率开关。In this embodiment, the switching element 151a can switch at a switching frequency greater than or equal to 150 kHz and less than or equal to 1000 kHz. In this way, the switching element 151a can be turned on and off at a switching frequency greater than or equal to 150 kHz and less than or equal to 1000 kHz. The switching frequency of the switching element 151a is set relatively large, so that the volume and weight of other electronic components such as capacitors and inductors in the charger 10 are greatly reduced, thereby helping to reduce the volume and weight of the charger 10 . Further, the switching element 151a can switch at a switching frequency greater than or equal to 150 kHz and less than or equal to 500 kHz.

开关元件151a的开关频率被设置在一个合理的范围内，充电器10在具有较大的输出功率的情况下还能使得充电器10的体积比较小。具体而言，在本实施例中，充电器10的输出功率与充电器壳体111的体积的比值大于或等于0.3W/cm3且小于或等于1.2W/cm3。或者，在一些实施例中，充电器10的体积比电池包20的体积还要小，充电器10的输出功率与充电器壳体111的体积的比值大于或等于0.4W/cm3且小于或等于0.8W/cm3。其中，充电器10的输出功率指的是充电器10的额定输出功率。充电器壳体111的体积可以为充电器壳体111的长度、宽度以及高度的乘积。The switching frequency of the switching element 151a is set within a reasonable range, and the charger 10 can make the volume of the charger 10 relatively small when the charger 10 has a large output power. Specifically, in this embodiment, the ratio of the output power of the charger 10 to the volume of the charger housing 111 is greater than or equal to 0.3 W/cm 3 and less than or equal to 1.2 W/cm 3 . Or, in some embodiments, the volume of the charger 10 is smaller than the volume of the battery pack 20, and the ratio of the output power of the charger 10 to the volume of the charger housing 111 is greater than or equal to 0.4W/cm3 and less than or equal to 0.8W/cm3. The output power of the charger 10 refers to the rated output power of the charger 10 . The volume of the charger housing 111 may be the product of the length, width and height of the charger housing 111 .

表一Table I

如表一所示的DC18RE充电器的输出功率与充电器壳体的体积的比值为0.014W/cm3，充电器的体积较大。而本申请的充电器的对应的样品1的输出功率与充电器壳体的体积的比值为0.68W/cm3，样品2的输出功率与充电器壳体的体积的比值为0.44W/cm3。这样，充电器10的体积远远小于DC18RE充电器，提高了充电器的体积利用率。As shown in Table 1, the ratio of the output power of the DC18RE charger to the volume of the charger housing is 0.014W/cm3, and the volume of the charger is relatively large. The ratio of the output power of the charger of the present application to the volume of the charger housing is 0.68W/cm3, and the ratio of the output power of the sample 2 to the volume of the charger housing is 0.44W/cm3. In this way, the volume of the charger 10 is much smaller than that of the DC18RE charger, which improves the volume utilization rate of the charger.

开关元件151a的开关频率被设置在一个合理的范围内，充电器10在具有较大的输出功率的情况下还能使得充电器10的重量比较小。具体而言，在本实施例中，充电器10的输出功率与充电器10的重量的比值大于或等于0.2W/g且小于或等于1W/g。或者，在一些实施例中，充电器10的重量比电池包20的重量还要小，充电器10的输出功率与充电器10的重量的比值大于或等于0.3W/g且小于或等于0.8W/g。或者，在一些实施例中，充电器10的输出功率与充电器10的重量的比值大于或等于0.4W/g且小于或等于0.8W/g。在本实施例中，充电器10的重量与一个电芯单元231a的重量的比值大于或等于1.5且小于或等于3.4，充电器壳体111的体积与一个电芯单元231a的体积的比值大于或等于4且小或等于8。在一些实施例中，充电器10的重量与一个电芯单元231a的重量的比值大于或等于1.5且小于或等于3，充电器壳体111的体积与一个电芯单元231a的体积的比值大于或等于6且小于或等于7.5。The switching frequency of the switching element 151a is set within a reasonable range, and the charger 10 can make the weight of the charger 10 relatively small when the charger 10 has a large output power. Specifically, in this embodiment, the ratio of the output power of the charger 10 to the weight of the charger 10 is greater than or equal to 0.2 W/g and less than or equal to 1 W/g. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the weight of the charger 10 is smaller than the weight of the battery pack 20, and the ratio of the output power of the charger 10 to the weight of the charger 10 is greater than or equal to 0.3W/g and less than or equal to 0.8W /g. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the ratio of the output power of the charger 10 to the weight of the charger 10 is greater than or equal to 0.4 W/g and less than or equal to 0.8 W/g. In this embodiment, the ratio of the weight of the charger 10 to the weight of one cell unit 231a is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 3.4, and the ratio of the volume of the charger housing 111 to the volume of one cell unit 231a is greater than or equal to 3.4. equal to 4 and less than or equal to 8. In some embodiments, the ratio of the weight of the charger 10 to the weight of one cell unit 231a is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 3, and the ratio of the volume of the charger housing 111 to the volume of one cell unit 231a is greater than or equal to 3 equal to 6 and less than or equal to 7.5.

表二Table II

如表二所示的WA3854充电器的输出功率与充电器的重量的比值为0.08W/g，充电器的重量较大。DEVON5340充电器的输出功率与充电器的重量的比值为0.11W/g，充电器的重量较大。而本申请的充电器的对应的样品3的输出功率与重量的比值为0.65W/g，样品4的输出功率与重量的比值为0.42W/g。这样，充电器10的重量远远小于WA3854充电器和DEVON5340充电器。As shown in Table 2, the ratio of the output power of the WA3854 charger to the weight of the charger is 0.08W/g, and the weight of the charger is relatively large. The ratio of the output power of the DEVON5340 charger to the weight of the charger is 0.11W/g, and the weight of the charger is relatively large. And the ratio of the output power to the weight of the corresponding sample 3 of the charger of the present application is 0.65W/g, and the ratio of the output power to the weight of the sample 4 is 0.42W/g. In this way, the weight of the charger 10 is much smaller than that of the WA3854 charger and the DEVON5340 charger.

在本实施例中，充电器10的充电输出接口122a能输出大于或等于5V且小于或等于21V的输出电压。这样，对于标称电压大于或等于5V且小于或等于21V的电池包20而言，这些电池包20包括两个电芯单元组231，充电器10的重量与电池包20的重量的比值大于或等于0.1且小于或等于0.7，充电器壳体111的体积与电池包20的体积的比值大于或等于0.1且小于或等于0.5。进一步而言，充电器10的重量与电池包20的重量的比值大于或等于0.1且小于或等于0.4，充电器壳体111的体积与电池包20的体积的比值大于或等于0.1且小于或等于0.3。In this embodiment, the charging output interface 122a of the charger 10 can output an output voltage greater than or equal to 5V and less than or equal to 21V. In this way, for battery packs 20 with a nominal voltage greater than or equal to 5V and less than or equal to 21V, these battery packs 20 include two battery cell groups 231, and the ratio of the weight of the charger 10 to the weight of the battery pack 20 is greater than or equal to equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.7, the ratio of the volume of the charger housing 111 to the volume of the battery pack 20 is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.5. Further, the ratio of the weight of the charger 10 to the weight of the battery pack 20 is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.4, and the ratio of the volume of the charger housing 111 to the volume of the battery pack 20 is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.1 0.3.

变压器152设置在开关电路151和第二整流滤波电路143之间。变压器152的励磁电感大于或等于140uH且小于或等于200uH。开关元件151a的开关频率设置的较高，变压器152的励磁电感可以被设置的较小，从而可以减小变压器152的体积。The transformer 152 is provided between the switch circuit 151 and the second rectification filter circuit 143 . The magnetizing inductance of the transformer 152 is greater than or equal to 140uH and less than or equal to 200uH. The switching frequency of the switching element 151a is set higher, and the excitation inductance of the transformer 152 can be set smaller, so that the volume of the transformer 152 can be reduced.

第二整流滤波电路143连接在变压器152和充电输出接口122a之间，用于对变压器152输出的第二交流电进行整流和滤波，从而将第二交流电转换成第二直流电。充电输出接口122a将第二直流电输出至电池包20。第二整流滤波电路143包括第二整流电路143a和第二滤波电路143b。第二整流电路143a用于将第二交流电转换成脉动的直流电，第二滤波电路143b用于将脉动的直流电转换成平滑的直流电。在本实施例中，第二整流电路143a为半波整流电路，第二整流电路143a包括二极管。第二滤波电路143b包括用于储能的电解电容组件143c，电解电容组件143c的总容量与充电器10的输出功率的比值大于或等于2.8uF/W且小于或等于4.0uF/W，电解电容组件143c的总体积与充电器10的输出功率的比值大于或等于5mm3/W且小于或等于20mm3/W。这样，在充电器10的输出功率比较大的情况下，依然能够减小电解电容组件143c的总容量和总 体积，从而缩小了充电器10的体积，也减小了充电器10的重量。进一步的，电解电容组件143c的总容量与充电器10的输出功率的比值大于或等于3uF/W且小于或等于3.5uF/W，电解电容组件143c的总体积与充电器10的输出功率的比值大于或等于5mm3/W且小于或等于10mm3/W。The second rectifying and filtering circuit 143 is connected between the transformer 152 and the charging output interface 122a, and is used for rectifying and filtering the second AC power output by the transformer 152, so as to convert the second AC power into a second DC power. The charging output interface 122 a outputs the second DC power to the battery pack 20 . The second rectifying and filtering circuit 143 includes a second rectifying circuit 143a and a second filtering circuit 143b. The second rectifier circuit 143a is used to convert the second alternating current into pulsating direct current, and the second filter circuit 143b is used to convert the pulsating direct current into smooth direct current. In this embodiment, the second rectifier circuit 143a is a half-wave rectifier circuit, and the second rectifier circuit 143a includes a diode. The second filter circuit 143b includes an electrolytic capacitor component 143c for energy storage. The ratio of the total capacity of the electrolytic capacitor component 143c to the output power of the charger 10 is greater than or equal to 2.8uF/W and less than or equal to 4.0uF/W. The ratio of the total volume of the assembly 143c to the output power of the charger 10 is greater than or equal to 5 mm3/W and less than or equal to 20 mm3/W. In this way, when the output power of the charger 10 is relatively large, the total capacity and volume of the electrolytic capacitor assembly 143c can still be reduced, thereby reducing the volume and weight of the charger 10. Further, the ratio of the total capacity of the electrolytic capacitor assembly 143c to the output power of the charger 10 is greater than or equal to 3uF/W and less than or equal to 3.5uF/W, and the ratio of the total volume of the electrolytic capacitor assembly 143c to the output power of the charger 10 Greater than or equal to 5mm3/W and less than or equal to 10mm3/W.

在本实施例中，电解电容组件143c设置在电路板组件113上，电解电容组件143c包括两个并联的电解电容，这样可以有效的利用充电器壳体111内部的空间，使得结构更紧凑。In this embodiment, the electrolytic capacitor assembly 143c is disposed on the circuit board assembly 113, and the electrolytic capacitor assembly 143c includes two parallel electrolytic capacitors, which can effectively utilize the space inside the charger housing 111 and make the structure more compact.

采样电路144可以为电压采样电路，也可以为电流采样电路。采样电路144与第二整流滤波电路143和充电输出接口122a之间的电路连接。电压采样电路能采集第二整流滤波电路143输出的第二直流电的电压，电流采样电路能采集第二整流滤波电路143输出的第二直流电的电流。采样电路144还与补偿反馈电路145电连接。补偿反馈电路145用于将采样电路144采集的电流或者电压与电池包20的标称电压进行比较并生成误差信号，补偿反馈电路145再将误差信号放大补偿后生成反馈信号，并将反馈信号反馈给控制电路146。The sampling circuit 144 may be a voltage sampling circuit or a current sampling circuit. The sampling circuit 144 is connected to the circuit between the second rectification filter circuit 143 and the charging output interface 122a. The voltage sampling circuit can collect the voltage of the second direct current output by the second rectifying and filtering circuit 143 , and the current sampling circuit can collect the current of the second direct current output by the second rectifying and filtering circuit 143 . The sampling circuit 144 is also electrically connected to the compensation feedback circuit 145 . The compensation feedback circuit 145 is used to compare the current or voltage collected by the sampling circuit 144 with the nominal voltage of the battery pack 20 and generate an error signal. The compensation feedback circuit 145 amplifies and compensates the error signal to generate a feedback signal, and feeds back the feedback signal. to the control circuit 146.

控制电路146用于控制转换电路15。控制电路146与开关元件151a的控制端151b连接以控制开关元件151a导通。控制电路146控制开关元件151a的开关频率，以使开关元件151a以大于或等于150kHz且小于或等于1000kHz的开关频率进行开关。在本实施例中，控制电路146通过驱动电路153与开关元件151a的控制端151b电连接。控制电路146将控制信号发送给驱动电路153，驱动电路153对控制信号进行放大以驱动开关元件151a导通。The control circuit 146 is used to control the conversion circuit 15 . The control circuit 146 is connected to the control terminal 151b of the switching element 151a to control the switching element 151a to be turned on. The control circuit 146 controls the switching frequency of the switching element 151a so that the switching element 151a switches at a switching frequency greater than or equal to 150 kHz and less than or equal to 1000 kHz. In this embodiment, the control circuit 146 is electrically connected to the control terminal 151b of the switching element 151a through the driving circuit 153 . The control circuit 146 sends the control signal to the driving circuit 153, and the driving circuit 153 amplifies the control signal to drive the switching element 151a to conduct.

通过采样电路144、补偿反馈电路145以及控制电路146对转换电路15进行闭环的控制，最终使得充电输出接口122a的输出电压与电池包20的标称电压相同。The conversion circuit 15 is closed-loop controlled by the sampling circuit 144 , the compensation feedback circuit 145 and the control circuit 146 , so that the output voltage of the charging output interface 122 a is the same as the nominal voltage of the battery pack 20 .

在本实施例中，开关元件151a的开关频率较大，并通过软开关技术降低开关元件151a的发热功率。充电器10在工作过程中不会产生很多的热量，从而充电器壳体111内可以不设置散热风扇，可以进一步的减小充电器10的体积和重量。充电器壳体111还可以做成封闭的结构，不需要在充电器壳体111上设置用于散热的风口，从而提高了充电器10的防水性能。In this embodiment, the switching frequency of the switching element 151a is relatively high, and the heating power of the switching element 151a is reduced by the soft switching technology. The charger 10 does not generate a lot of heat during the working process, so a cooling fan may not be provided in the charger housing 111 , which can further reduce the volume and weight of the charger 10 . The charger housing 111 can also be made into a closed structure, and it is not necessary to provide a tuyere for heat dissipation on the charger housing 111 , thereby improving the waterproof performance of the charger 10 .

如图10至图12所示的充电***40a包括电池包41和充电器42。电池包41上通常仅仅设置有电池包接口411，为了在不改变电池包41结构的情况下也能给电池包41供电，充电***40a还包括用于连接充电器42和电池包41的适配器43。适配器43包括用于与电池包41电连接的适配器输出接口431，适配器输出接口431可以与电池包接口411匹配。也即是说，电池包接口411不仅能够与电动工具连接还能够与适配器43连接。这样，充电器42的适用范围可 以更广泛。适配器43还包括适配器输入接口432，适配器输入接口432用于与连接线421的充电输出接口421a电连接。连接线421的第二端421b还可以与适配器输入接口432构成可拆卸连接，从而方便用户的使用。充电器42的重量与适配器43的重量的比值大于或等于0.8且小于或等于1.5，这样，充电器42的重量和适配器43的重量均被减小。The charging system 40 a shown in FIGS. 10 to 12 includes a battery pack 41 and a charger 42 . The battery pack 41 is usually only provided with a battery pack interface 411. In order to supply power to the battery pack 41 without changing the structure of the battery pack 41, the charging system 40a further includes an adapter 43 for connecting the charger 42 and the battery pack 41. . The adapter 43 includes an adapter output interface 431 for electrically connecting with the battery pack 41 , and the adapter output interface 431 can be matched with the battery pack interface 411 . That is, the battery pack interface 411 can be connected not only with the power tool but also with the adapter 43 . In this way, the applicable range of the charger 42 can be wider. The adapter 43 further includes an adapter input interface 432 , and the adapter input interface 432 is used for electrical connection with the charging output interface 421 a of the connection line 421 . The second end 421b of the connecting wire 421 can also be detachably connected with the adapter input interface 432, so as to facilitate the use of the user. The ratio of the weight of the charger 42 to the weight of the adapter 43 is greater than or equal to 0.8 and less than or equal to 1.5, so that both the weight of the charger 42 and the weight of the adapter 43 are reduced.

同样的，连接线421的第一端421c也形成充电输出接口421d，充电输出接口421d可以与适配器43连接且第二端421b与主体422连接。从而，用户可以不用管连接线421的哪一端与适配器43连接，从而提高的操作的便捷性。Similarly, the first end 421c of the connecting wire 421 also forms a charging output interface 421d, and the charging output interface 421d can be connected to the adapter 43 and the second end 421b is connected to the main body 422. Therefore, the user does not care which end of the connecting wire 421 is connected to the adapter 43, thereby improving the convenience of operation.

这样，充电控制电路可以设置在适配器43内，充电控制电路使适配器输出接口431输出的充电电压与电池包41的标称电压相同。In this way, the charging control circuit can be arranged in the adapter 43 , and the charging control circuit makes the charging voltage output by the adapter output interface 431 be the same as the nominal voltage of the battery pack 41 .

如图13至图16所示的第三实施例的充电***50a中的连接线511与充电器51的主体512固定连接，用户不能将连接线511从主体512上拆卸下来。连接线511的第一端511a与充电器51的主体512固定连接，连接线511的第二端511b形成充电输出接口511c，充电输出接口511c与适配器52构成可拆卸连接。用于将交流电转换成直流电的充电电路513设置在充电输入接口512a和充电输出接口511c之间。充电器51所包含的充电电路513与图5中的充电电路14相同。充电输出接口511c与适配器输入接口521连接，充电控制电路522可以设置在适配器52内，充电控制电路522连接在适配器输入接口521和适配器输出接口523之间。适配器输出接口523与电池包输入接口531适配，从而给电芯组件532进行充电。As shown in FIGS. 13 to 16 , the connecting wire 511 in the charging system 50 a of the third embodiment is fixedly connected to the main body 512 of the charger 51 , and the user cannot detach the connecting wire 511 from the main body 512 . The first end 511a of the connecting wire 511 is fixedly connected to the main body 512 of the charger 51 , the second end 511b of the connecting wire 511 forms a charging output interface 511c , and the charging output interface 511c is detachably connected to the adapter 52 . A charging circuit 513 for converting alternating current to direct current is provided between the charging input interface 512a and the charging output interface 511c. The charging circuit 513 included in the charger 51 is the same as the charging circuit 14 in FIG. 5 . The charging output interface 511c is connected to the adapter input interface 521 . The charging control circuit 522 may be provided in the adapter 52 , and the charging control circuit 522 is connected between the adapter input interface 521 and the adapter output interface 523 . The adapter output interface 523 is adapted to the battery pack input interface 531 so as to charge the battery cell assembly 532 .

如图17至图19所示的第四实施例的充电***60a包括充电器61和电池包62。充电器61的充电输出接口611与电池包62的电池包接口621匹配，这样则不需要在充电器61和电池包62之间再设置连接线。在电池包62的电量不足时，电池包接口621与充电输出接口611连接，这时充电器61能给电池包62充电。而当需要使用电动工具工作时，电池包接口621与工具接口连接，这时电池包62能给电动工具供电。本实施例中的充电器61所包含的充电电路也与图5中的充电电路14相同。The charging system 60 a of the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 17 to 19 includes a charger 61 and a battery pack 62 . The charging output interface 611 of the charger 61 is matched with the battery pack interface 621 of the battery pack 62 , so that there is no need to set up a connecting line between the charger 61 and the battery pack 62 . When the power of the battery pack 62 is insufficient, the battery pack interface 621 is connected to the charging output interface 611 , and the charger 61 can charge the battery pack 62 at this time. When the power tool needs to be used for work, the battery pack interface 621 is connected to the tool interface, and the battery pack 62 can supply power to the power tool at this time. The charging circuit included in the charger 61 in this embodiment is also the same as the charging circuit 14 in FIG. 5 .

如图20所示的第五实施例的充电***70a包括充电器71，第一电池包72和第二电池包。充电器71的充电器壳体711上形成有第一充电输出接口711a和第二充电输出接口711b，第一电池包72包括与第一充电输出接口711a适配的第一电池包接口721，第二电池包73包括与第二充电输出接口711b适配的第二电池包接口731。本实施例中的充电器71所包含的充电电路也与图5中的充电电路14相同。The charging system 70a of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 20 includes a charger 71, a first battery pack 72 and a second battery pack. A first charging output interface 711a and a second charging output interface 711b are formed on the charger housing 711 of the charger 71. The first battery pack 72 includes a first battery pack interface 721 adapted to the first charging output interface 711a. The second battery pack 73 includes a second battery pack interface 731 adapted to the second charging output interface 711b. The charging circuit included in the charger 71 in this embodiment is also the same as the charging circuit 14 in FIG. 5 .

Claims (36)

1. 一种充电***，包括电池包和用于给所述电池包充电的充电器，所述电池包包括用于存储电能的电芯组件，所述电芯组件包括电芯单元，所述电芯单元的数量大于或等于3；所述充电器包括：A charging system includes a battery pack and a charger for charging the battery pack, the battery pack includes a cell assembly for storing electrical energy, the cell assembly includes a cell unit, the cell unit is greater than or equal to 3; the charger includes:

   充电输入接口，用于接入第一交流电；a charging input interface for connecting to the first alternating current;

   第一整流滤波电路，用于将所述第一交流电转换成第一直流电；a first rectifier and filter circuit for converting the first alternating current into a first direct current;

   转换电路，用于调制所述第一直流电以输出第二交流电；a conversion circuit for modulating the first direct current to output the second alternating current;

   第二整流滤波电路，用于将所述第二交流电转换成第二直流电；a second rectifying and filtering circuit for converting the second alternating current into a second direct current;

   充电输出接口，用于输出所述第二直流电；a charging output interface for outputting the second direct current;

   控制电路，用于控制所述转换电路；a control circuit for controlling the conversion circuit;

   其中，所述转换电路包括：Wherein, the conversion circuit includes:

   变压器，用于将直流电转换成交流电；Transformers for converting direct current to alternating current;

   开关电路，连接至所述第一整流滤波电路和所述变压器；a switch circuit connected to the first rectifier filter circuit and the transformer;

   所述开关电路包括一个开关元件，所述开关元件包括与所述控制电路电连接的控制端，所述控制电路控制所述开关元件以大于或等于150kHz且小于或等于1000kHz的开关频率开关。The switch circuit includes a switch element, the switch element includes a control terminal electrically connected to the control circuit, and the control circuit controls the switch element to switch at a switching frequency greater than or equal to 150 kHz and less than or equal to 1000 kHz.
2. 根据权利要求1所述的充电***，其中，所述开关电路还包括：The charging system of claim 1, wherein the switch circuit further comprises:

   驱动电路，用于放大所述控制电路输出至所述开关元件的控制信号；a driving circuit for amplifying the control signal output by the control circuit to the switching element;

   其中，所述开关元件和所述驱动电路集成为一个芯片。Wherein, the switching element and the driving circuit are integrated into one chip.
3. 根据权利要求1所述的充电***，其中，所述充电输出接口的输出电压大于或等于5V且小于或等于21V。The charging system according to claim 1, wherein the output voltage of the charging output interface is greater than or equal to 5V and less than or equal to 21V.
4. 根据权利要求1所述的充电***，其中，所述充电输出接口能输出具有第一电压值的所述第二直流电或者具有第二电压值的所述第二直流电。The charging system of claim 1, wherein the charging output interface is capable of outputting the second direct current having a first voltage value or the second direct current having a second voltage value.
5. 根据权利要求1所述的充电***，其中，所述电池包的标称电压大于或等于12V且小于或等于100V。The charging system of claim 1, wherein a nominal voltage of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 12V and less than or equal to 100V.
6. 根据权利要求1所述的充电***，还包括：用于控制所述充电器的输出功率的充电控制电路，所述充电控制电路设置在所述充电输出接口和所述电池包之间；其中，所述充电控制电路设置在所述电池包内或者所述充电器内。The charging system according to claim 1, further comprising: a charging control circuit for controlling the output power of the charger, the charging control circuit being provided between the charging output interface and the battery pack; wherein, The charging control circuit is provided in the battery pack or the charger.
7. 根据权利要求1所述的充电***，还包括适配器，所述适配器包括：The charging system of claim 1, further comprising an adapter comprising:

   适配器输入接口，用于与所述充电输出接口电连接；an adapter input interface for electrically connecting with the charging output interface;

   适配器输出接口，用于与所述电池包电连接的。The adapter output interface is used for electrical connection with the battery pack.
8. 根据权利要求7所述的充电***，还包括用于使所述适配器输出接口输出的充电电压与所述电池包的标称电压相同的充电控制电路，所述充电控制电路设置在所述充电器内或者所述适配器内。The charging system according to claim 7, further comprising a charging control circuit for making the charging voltage output by the adapter output interface equal to the nominal voltage of the battery pack, the charging control circuit being provided in the charger inside or inside the adapter.
9. 根据权利要求1所述的充电***，其中，所述充电器还包括：The charging system of claim 1, wherein the charger further comprises:

   EMI滤波电路，连接在所述充电输入接口和所述第一整流滤波电路之间。An EMI filter circuit is connected between the charging input interface and the first rectification filter circuit.
10. 根据权利要求1所述的充电***，还包括：能通过所述充电器进行充电的第二电池包；其中，所述电池包具有第一标称电压，所述第二电池包具有第二标称电压，所述第一标称电压大于所述第二标称电压。The charging system of claim 1, further comprising: a second battery pack chargeable by the charger; wherein the battery pack has a first nominal voltage and the second battery pack has a second nominal voltage A nominal voltage, the first nominal voltage is greater than the second nominal voltage.
11. 根据权利要求1所述的充电***，其中，所述电池包还包括：The charging system of claim 1, wherein the battery pack further comprises:

    电池包壳体，用于容纳所述电芯组件；a battery pack casing for accommodating the battery cell assembly;

    所述电池包壳体上还设置有用于给电动工具进行供电的电池包接口。The battery pack housing is also provided with a battery pack interface for supplying power to the power tool.
12. 根据权利要求1所述的充电***，其中，所述充电器还包括电路板组件和充电器壳体，所述充电器壳体形成有用于容纳所述电路板组件的容纳腔，所述充电器的输出功率与所述充电器壳体的体积的比值大于或等于0.3W/cm3且小于或等于1.2W/cm3。The charging system of claim 1, wherein the charger further comprises a circuit board assembly and a charger housing, the charger housing forming a receiving cavity for receiving the circuit board assembly, the charger The ratio of the output power to the volume of the charger housing is greater than or equal to 0.3W/cm3 and less than or equal to 1.2W/cm3.
13. 根据权利要求12所述的充电***，其中，所述充电器的重量与一个所述电芯单元的重量的比值大于或等于1.5且小于或等于3.4。The charging system according to claim 12, wherein a ratio of the weight of the charger to the weight of one of the battery cells is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 3.4.
14. 根据权利要求12所述的充电***，其中，所述充电器的重量与所述电池包的重量的比值大于或等于0.1且小于或等于0.7。The charging system of claim 12, wherein a ratio of the weight of the charger to the weight of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.7.
15. 根据权利要求12所述的充电***，其中，所述充电器壳体的体积和一个所述电芯单元的体积的比值大于或等于4且小于或等于8。The charging system according to claim 12 , wherein a ratio of the volume of the charger housing to the volume of one of the battery cells is greater than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 8.
16. 根据权利要求12所述的充电***，其中，所述充电器壳体的体积和所述电池包的体积的比值大于或等于0.1且小于或等于0.5。The charging system of claim 12, wherein a ratio of the volume of the charger housing to the volume of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.5.
17. 根据权利要求12所述的充电***，其中，所述电池包的标称电压大于或等于10V且小于或等于100V。The charging system of claim 12, wherein the nominal voltage of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 10V and less than or equal to 100V.
18. 根据权利要求12所述的充电***，还包括适配器，所述适配器包括：用于与所述充电输出接口电连接的适配器输入接口和用于与所述电池包电连接的适配器输出接口；其中，所述充电器的重量与所述适配器的重量的比值大于或等于0.8且小于或等于1.5。The charging system of claim 12, further comprising an adapter comprising: an adapter input interface for electrical connection with the charging output interface and an adapter output interface for electrical connection with the battery pack; wherein, The ratio of the weight of the charger to the weight of the adapter is greater than or equal to 0.8 and less than or equal to 1.5.
19. 根据权利要求12所述的充电***，其中，所述充电输出接口的输出电 压大于或等于5V且小于或等于21V。The charging system according to claim 12, wherein the output voltage of the charging output interface is greater than or equal to 5V and less than or equal to 21V.
20. 根据权利要求12所述的充电***，其中，所述充电器的输出功率与所述充电器的重量的比值大于或等于0.2W/g且小于或等于1W/g。The charging system of claim 12, wherein a ratio of the output power of the charger to the weight of the charger is greater than or equal to 0.2 W/g and less than or equal to 1 W/g.
21. 根据权利要求12所述的充电***，其中，所述充电输出接口能输出具有第一电压值的第一直流电或者具有第二电压值的第二直流电。The charging system of claim 12, wherein the charging output interface is capable of outputting a first direct current having a first voltage value or a second direct current having a second voltage value.
22. 根据权利要求1所述的充电***，其中，所述充电输出接口的输出电压大于或等于5V且小于或等于21V，所述充电器的重量与一个所述电芯单元的重量的比值大于或等于1.5且小于或等于3.4。The charging system according to claim 1, wherein the output voltage of the charging output interface is greater than or equal to 5V and less than or equal to 21V, and the ratio of the weight of the charger to the weight of one battery cell unit is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 3.4.
23. 根据权利要求1所述的充电***，其中，所述第二整流滤波电路包括：The charging system according to claim 1, wherein the second rectifying and filtering circuit comprises:

    整流电路，包括整流二极管；Rectifier circuits, including rectifier diodes;

    滤波电路，包括用于储能的电解电容组件；Filter circuits, including electrolytic capacitor assemblies for energy storage;

    其中，所述电解电容组件的总容量与所述充电器的输出功率的比值大于或等于2.8uF/W且小于或等于4.0uF/W。Wherein, the ratio of the total capacity of the electrolytic capacitor assembly to the output power of the charger is greater than or equal to 2.8uF/W and less than or equal to 4.0uF/W.
24. 一种充电器，包括：A charger comprising:

    充电输入接口，用于接入第一交流电；a charging input interface for connecting to the first alternating current;

    第一整流滤波电路，用于将所述第一交流电转换成第一直流电；a first rectifier and filter circuit for converting the first alternating current into a first direct current;

    转换电路，用于调制所述第一直流电以输出第二交流电；a conversion circuit for modulating the first direct current to output the second alternating current;

    第二整流滤波电路，用于将所述第二交流电转换成第二直流电；a second rectifying and filtering circuit for converting the second alternating current into a second direct current;

    充电输出接口，用于输出所述第二直流电；a charging output interface for outputting the second direct current;

    控制电路，用于控制所述转换电路；a control circuit for controlling the conversion circuit;

    其中，所述转换电路包括：Wherein, the conversion circuit includes:

    变压器，用于将直流电转换成交流电；Transformers for converting direct current to alternating current;

    开关电路，连接至所述第一整流滤波电路和所述变压器；a switch circuit connected to the first rectifier filter circuit and the transformer;

    所述开关电路包括一个开关元件，所述开关元件包括与所述控制电路电连接的控制端，所述控制电路控制所述开关元件以大于或等于150kHz且小于或等于1000kHz的开关频率开关。The switch circuit includes a switch element, the switch element includes a control terminal electrically connected to the control circuit, and the control circuit controls the switch element to switch at a switching frequency greater than or equal to 150 kHz and less than or equal to 1000 kHz.
25. 一种充电***，包括电池包和用于给所述电池包充电的充电器，所述充电器包括：用于接入交流电的充电输入接口、用于输出直流电的充电输出接口、用于将所述交流电转换成所述直流电的充电电路、电路板组件和充电器壳体；所述充电电路连接在所述充电输入接口和充电输出接口之间，所述电路板 组件承载至少部分所述充电电路，所述充电器壳体形成有用于容纳所述电路板组件的容纳腔；其中，所述电池包包括用于存储电能的电芯组件，所述电芯组件包括电芯单元，所述电芯单元的数量大于或等于3；所述充电器的输出功率与所述充电器壳体的体积的比值大于或等于0.3W/cm3且小于或等于1.2W/cm3。A charging system includes a battery pack and a charger for charging the battery pack, the charger comprises: a charging input interface for accessing alternating current, a charging output interface for outputting direct current, and a charging input interface for outputting direct current. A charging circuit for converting the alternating current into the direct current, a circuit board assembly and a charger housing; the charging circuit is connected between the charging input interface and the charging output interface, and the circuit board assembly carries at least part of the charging circuit , the charger housing is formed with an accommodating cavity for accommodating the circuit board assembly; wherein, the battery pack includes a cell assembly for storing electrical energy, the cell assembly includes a cell unit, and the cell The number of cells is greater than or equal to 3; the ratio of the output power of the charger to the volume of the charger housing is greater than or equal to 0.3W/cm3 and less than or equal to 1.2W/cm3.
26. 根据权利要求25所述的充电***，其中，所述充电器的重量与一个所述电芯单元的重量的比值大于或等于1.5且小于或等于3.4。The charging system according to claim 25, wherein a ratio of the weight of the charger to the weight of one of the battery cells is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 3.4.
27. 根据权利要求25所述的充电***，其中，所述充电器的重量与所述电池包的重量的比值大于或等于0.1且小于或等于0.7。The charging system of claim 25, wherein a ratio of the weight of the charger to the weight of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.7.
28. 根据权利要求25所述的充电***，其中，所述充电器壳体的体积和一个所述电芯单元的体积的比值大于或等于4且小于或等于8。The charging system according to claim 25, wherein a ratio of the volume of the charger housing to the volume of one of the battery cells is greater than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 8.
29. 根据权利要求25所述的充电***，其中，所述充电器壳体的体积和所述电池包的体积的比值大于或等于0.1且小于或等于0.5。The charging system of claim 25, wherein a ratio of the volume of the charger housing to the volume of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.5.
30. 根据权利要求25所述的充电***，其中，所述电池包的标称电压大于或等于10V且小于或等于100V。The charging system of claim 25, wherein the nominal voltage of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 10V and less than or equal to 100V.
31. 根据权利要求25所述的充电***，还包括适配器，所述适配器包括：用于与所述充电输出接口电连接适配器输入接口和用于与所述电池包电连接的适配器输出接口；其中，所述充电器的重量与所述适配器的重量的比值大于或等于0.8且小于或等于1.5。The charging system of claim 25, further comprising an adapter comprising: an adapter input interface for electrically connecting with the charging output interface and an adapter output interface for electrically connecting with the battery pack; wherein the The ratio of the weight of the charger to the weight of the adapter is greater than or equal to 0.8 and less than or equal to 1.5.
32. 根据权利要求25所述的充电***，其中，所述充电输出接口的输出电压大于或等于5V且小于或等于21V。The charging system according to claim 25, wherein the output voltage of the charging output interface is greater than or equal to 5V and less than or equal to 21V.
33. 根据权利要求25所述的充电***，其中，所述充电器的输出功率与所述充电器的重量的比值大于或等于0.2W/g且小于或等于1W/g。The charging system of claim 25, wherein a ratio of the output power of the charger to the weight of the charger is greater than or equal to 0.2 W/g and less than or equal to 1 W/g.
34. 根据权利要求25所述的充电***，其中，所述充电输出接口能输出具有第一电压值的第一直流电或者具有第二电压值的第二直流电。The charging system of claim 25, wherein the charging output interface is capable of outputting a first direct current having a first voltage value or a second direct current having a second voltage value.
35. 一种充电***，包括充电器和电池包；A charging system including a charger and a battery pack;

    所述充电器包括：The charger includes:

    充电输入接口，用于接入交流电；The charging input interface is used to connect to the AC power;

    电路板组件，与所述充电输入接口电连接；a circuit board assembly electrically connected to the charging input interface;

    充电器壳体，形成有用于容纳所述电路板组件的容纳腔；a charger housing, formed with an accommodating cavity for accommodating the circuit board assembly;

    充电输出接口，用于输出直流电，所述充电输出接口与所述电路板组件构成电连接；a charging output interface for outputting direct current, the charging output interface is electrically connected with the circuit board assembly;

    所述电池包包括：The battery pack includes:

    电池包输入接口，用于与所述充电输出接口电连接；a battery pack input interface for electrically connecting with the charging output interface;

    电芯组件，包括电芯单元；Cell components, including cell units;

    电池包壳体，用于容纳所述电芯组件；a battery pack casing for accommodating the battery cell assembly;

    其中，所述电芯单元的数目大于或等于3，所述充电输出接口的输出电压大于或等于5V且小于或等于21V，所述充电器的重量与一个所述电芯单元的重量的比值大于或等于1.5且小于或等于3.4。Wherein, the number of the battery cells is greater than or equal to 3, the output voltage of the charging output interface is greater than or equal to 5V and less than or equal to 21V, and the ratio of the weight of the charger to the weight of one of the battery cells is greater than or equal to or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 3.4.
36. 一种充电器，包括：A charger comprising:

    充电输入接口，用于接入第一交流电；a charging input interface for connecting to the first alternating current;

    第一整流滤波电路，用于将所述第一交流电转换成第一直流电；a first rectifier and filter circuit for converting the first alternating current into a first direct current;

    转换电路，用于调制所述第一直流电以输出第二交流电；a conversion circuit for modulating the first direct current to output the second alternating current;

    第二整流滤波电路，用于将所述第二交流电转换成第二直流电；a second rectifying and filtering circuit for converting the second alternating current into a second direct current;

    充电输出接口，用于输出所述第二直流电；a charging output interface for outputting the second direct current;

    控制电路，用于控制所述转换电路；a control circuit for controlling the conversion circuit;

    所述第二整流滤波电路包括：The second rectifier filter circuit includes:

    整流电路，包括整流二极管；Rectifier circuits, including rectifier diodes;

    滤波电路，包括用于储能的电解电容组件；Filter circuits, including electrolytic capacitor assemblies for energy storage;

    其中，所述电解电容组件的总容量与所述充电器的输出功率的比值大于或等于2.8uF/W且小于或等于4.0uF/W。Wherein, the ratio of the total capacity of the electrolytic capacitor assembly to the output power of the charger is greater than or equal to 2.8uF/W and less than or equal to 4.0uF/W.

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