WO2022116916A1 - Construction method for pulling out concrete pipe pile on water and pile pulling-out tool - Google Patents

Construction method for pulling out concrete pipe pile on water and pile pulling-out tool Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022116916A1
WO2022116916A1 PCT/CN2021/133600 CN2021133600W WO2022116916A1 WO 2022116916 A1 WO2022116916 A1 WO 2022116916A1 CN 2021133600 W CN2021133600 W CN 2021133600W WO 2022116916 A1 WO2022116916 A1 WO 2022116916A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pile
inner casing
pipe pile
phc
phc pipe
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/133600
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
范御华
朱珍慧
张佳鸣
顾赛华
周伟宽
韩照晏
Original Assignee
中交第三航务工程局有限公司
中交三航局第二工程有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202022860055.3U external-priority patent/CN214033712U/en
Priority claimed from CN202011388866.6A external-priority patent/CN112900435A/en
Priority claimed from CN202022857907.3U external-priority patent/CN214738055U/en
Application filed by 中交第三航务工程局有限公司, 中交三航局第二工程有限公司 filed Critical 中交第三航务工程局有限公司
Publication of WO2022116916A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022116916A1/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D13/00—Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers
    • E02D13/08—Removing obstacles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D9/00—Removing sheet piles bulkheads, piles, mould-pipes or other moulds or parts thereof
    • E02D9/02—Removing sheet piles bulkheads, piles, mould-pipes or other moulds or parts thereof by withdrawing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D9/00—Removing sheet piles bulkheads, piles, mould-pipes or other moulds or parts thereof
    • E02D9/04—Removing sheet piles bulkheads, piles, mould-pipes or other moulds or parts thereof by cutting-off under water

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of pulling out piles on water, in particular to a construction method for pulling out concrete pipe piles on water and a pile pulling tool.
  • the demolition of the wharf includes the removal of the revetment, the removal of a public platform at the rear of the wharf, and the removal of two independent ship piers.
  • PHC (prestressed high-strength concrete) pipe piles need to be removed when the revetment and ship piers are removed.
  • the so-called PHC pipe pile that is, a prestressed high-strength concrete pipe pile, is a hollow cylindrical concrete prefabricated member made of a pre-tensioned prestressed centrifugal forming process.
  • the invention provides a construction method for pulling out concrete pipe piles on water and a pile pulling tool.
  • the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile are lifted together by means of the pile pulling tool and the friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile.
  • the PHC pipe pile pulls out the PHC pipe pile, which has the advantage of high pile pulling efficiency.
  • a construction method for pulling out concrete pipe piles on water comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 the pile pulling tool is hoisted to the position of a PHC pipe pile that needs to pull out the pile by the piling ship, so that the position of the pile pulling tool is consistent with the position of the described one PHC pipe pile;
  • Step 2 the pile pulling tool is piled to the bottom elevation position of the described PHC pipe pile, and the pile pulling tool relies on the friction force between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile to lift the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together;
  • Step 3 Use the hook of the piling ship to hoist the pile pulling tool and the PHC pipe pile to the shore;
  • Step 4 take out the PHC pipe pile
  • Step 5 Use a vibrating hammer to pull out the outer casing, and then assemble it with the inner casing again after hanging on the shore to pull out the next pile.
  • the invention uses a pile pulling tool, relies on the friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile to hoist the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together, and uses the hook of the piling ship to hoist the pile pulling tool together with a single PHC pipe pile. Hanging on the shore, the pile pulling process is simpler and the pile pulling efficiency is high.
  • step one is specifically:
  • Step 1.1 measure the PHC pipe pile to obtain the measurement parameters
  • Step 1.2 Lift the pile pulling tool to the position of the PHC pipe pile where the pile needs to be pulled out by the piling ship;
  • Step 1.3 Adjust the position of the pile driver according to the measurement parameters, so that the position of the pile pulling tool is consistent with the position of the PHC pipe pile.
  • the position of the pile pulling tool is adjusted to the position consistent with the PHC pipe pile before the pile pulling tool drives the pile, so as to facilitate the pile pulling tool to drive the pile and avoid damage to the underlying PHC pipe pile when the pile pulling tool is driving the pile. More conducive to pulling piles.
  • the measurement parameters in step 1.1 include: the slope of the water-borne concrete pipe pile and the torsion angle of the water-borne concrete pipe pile.
  • the pile pulling tool relies on the friction force between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile to hoist the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together, including:
  • the PHC pipe pile is located inside the pile pulling tool
  • the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile are lifted together by the friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile.
  • the PHC pipe pile is located inside the pile pulling tool, including:
  • the pile pulling tool includes an inner casing and an outer casing
  • the inner casing and the outer casing and the inner and outer casings are assembled after the installation is completed, and then they are lifted to the top of the PHC pipe pile;
  • the inner casing and the outer casing are driven together with an impact hammer to the bottom elevation of the PHC pipe pile, at this time, the PHC pipe pile is inside the inner casing.
  • the pile pulling tool relies on the friction force between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile to hoist the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together, including:
  • the bottom surface of the outer casing is provided with a circular ring, and the circular ring is used to prevent the soil from entering the inner casing and the outer casing when the pile is driven, thereby generating friction;
  • the PHC pipe pile is located inside the inner casing
  • the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile are lifted together by the friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile.
  • the friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile is greater than the weight of the PHC pipe pile, the weight of the inner casing, and the PHC pipe pile.
  • the weight of the soil between the inner casing and the inner casing; the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile are lifted together, and the outer casing does not need to be moved at this time.
  • step 3 is specifically:
  • step 5 is further included after step 4: repeating steps 1 to 4 to pull out the next PHC pipe pile.
  • an impact hammer or a vibrating hammer is used to drive the pile pulling tool to the bottom elevation position of the PHC pipe pile.
  • a pile pulling tool includes an outer casing and an inner casing, the bottom end of the outer casing is provided with a circular ring, the outer peripheral wall of the circular ring is fixed with the inner peripheral wall of the outer casing, and the inner casing is placed on the outer casing.
  • the bottom surface of the inner sleeve is in contact with the end surface of the circular ring; the top end of the inner sleeve is provided with a lifting lug, and the lifting lug is connected with the hook of the piling ship.
  • the inner sleeve when the inner sleeve is sleeved into the outer sleeve, there is a gap between the inner wall of the outer sleeve and the outer wall of the inner sleeve; the inner wall of the outer sleeve also surrounds the circumferential direction
  • a plurality of blocking members are evenly arranged, each of the blocking members is located at the gap, and the blocking members ensure that at any position in the circumferential direction, the value of the gap is equal.
  • the blocking member is an iron piece, and the width of the iron piece is slightly smaller than the gap value; the length of the iron piece is slightly larger than the gap value.
  • the blocking member is arranged in the same plane 5 ⁇ 3 cm from the top of the outer sleeve. Since the inner and outer casings are both long, in actual use, the lower end of the blocking member is also installed; the inner upper and lower ends of the outer casing will be arranged, 6 at each end, and one at every 60°.
  • the bottom inner peripheral wall of the outer casing is in contact with the bottom outer peripheral wall of the inner casing to prevent debris from entering between the inner casing and the outer casing during pile driving.
  • a plurality of reinforcing ribs are further provided between the annular ring and the outer sleeve, and the reinforcing ribs connect the annular ring and the outer sleeve at the same time, so as to realize the connection between the annular ring and the outer sleeve. More reliable connection of the outer casing.
  • the inner diameter of the bottom end of the outer sleeve is gradually reduced, and the minimum inner diameter of the outer sleeve is consistent with the outer diameter of the outer sleeve, so as to realize that the bottom inner peripheral wall of the outer sleeve and the inner The bottom peripheral wall of the sleeve fits.
  • the outer sleeve is formed by welding a plurality of first steel pipes along the length direction, and the joints of adjacent first steel pipes are fully welded and a stiffening plate is fixed outside the welding seam.
  • the inner sleeve is formed by welding a plurality of second steel pipes along the length direction, and the joints, inner walls and outer walls of adjacent second steel pipes are fully welded.
  • the present invention uses a pile pulling tool, relies on the friction force between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile to hoist the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together, and lifts the pile pulling tool with the single PHC pipe pile by means of the hook of the piling ship. Hanging on the shore together, the pile pulling process is simpler and the pile pulling efficiency is high.
  • the present invention adjusts the position of the pile-pulling tool to the same position as the PHC pipe pile before the pile-pulling tool drives the pile, which is convenient for the pile-pulling tool to drive the pile and avoids damage to the root PHC pipe when the pile-pulling tool drives the pile.
  • the pile is more conducive to pulling the pile.
  • the present invention uses the pile pulling tool to hoist the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together by relying on the friction force between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile, utilizes the pile pulling tool to separate the PHC pipe pile from the soil under the water, and uses pile driving The boat lifts the pile pulling tool together with the PHC pipe pile to realize the rapid pile pulling of the PHC pipe pile.
  • the pile pulling tool of the present invention is to first install the outer casing and the inner casing together on the shore, wherein the iron ring welded at the bottom of the outer casing is used to withstand the inner casing, and no soil can enter during the pile driving process of the inner and outer casings. , to ensure that there is no friction between the inner and outer casings.
  • Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the construction method of pulling out the concrete pipe pile on water
  • Fig. 2 is the structural representation of pile pulling tool
  • Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 5 is the structural representation of outer casing
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the inner sleeve.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the inner sleeve.
  • PHC pipe piles are prestressed high-strength concrete pipe piles. It adopts the pre-tensioned prestressed centrifugal molding process, and after 10 atmospheric pressure (about 1.0Mpa) and steam curing at about 180 °C, a hollow cylindrical concrete prefabricated component is made.
  • the standard section length is 10m and the diameter ranges from 300mm ⁇ 800mm, concrete strength grade ⁇ C80.
  • the domestic pile pulling methods mainly focus on static pulling method, high pressure rotary jet mud pile pulling method, vibrating immersed tube high pressure water cutting pile pulling method, azimuth CD machine pile pulling, FECE azimuth pile pulling method, etc.
  • the static pulling method directly pulls the pipe pile out of the ground.
  • This method has high requirements on the strength of the pile body and is not suitable for the removal of prefabricated pipe piles.
  • the high-pressure swirling mud pile pulling method uses high-pressure swirling mud around the pile to destroy the soil around the pile.
  • the disadvantage is that it is easy to cause broken piles, is greatly affected by the compactness of the stratum, and the stratum disturbance is large, so it is not suitable for the removal of prefabricated piles.
  • the vibrating immersed tube high pressure water cutting pile pulling method uses vibration to liquefy the soil around the pile and penetrate into the steel pipe, and cooperate with high pressure water to destroy the soil between the pile body and the steel pipe, greatly reducing the pile side friction.
  • the high-pressure water cutting pile pulling method of vibrating immersed tube is mostly suitable for pulling piles on water. When this method is used for pulling piles on land, the construction speed is slow and the stratum disturbance is large.
  • the azimuth CD machine pile pulling is one of the most advanced methods for removing underground obstacles. It has the advantages of high verticality, adaptability to various complex geology, and no noise.
  • the disadvantage is that the hydraulically driven steel casing has a slow rotation and cutting speed, the mechanical equipment needs to be counterweight to press down the steel casing with the help of a counter force, and a crane must be used for walking, so accurate positioning is difficult.
  • the FECE full-rotation pile-pulling method adopts the method of double-layer casing rotary drilling to cut the soil around the pile to reduce the frictional resistance of the pile side.
  • FECE zigzag pile pulling has the advantages of wide application range and good construction effect, especially for inclined piles and buildings that are sensitive to settlement near the site, but this method requires a special FECE zigzag pile pulling machine, and the construction cost is high.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a construction method for pulling out a concrete pipe pile on water, comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 The pile-pulling tool is hoisted to the position of a PHC pipe pile that needs to be pulled out by the piling ship, so that the position of the pile-pulling tool is consistent with the position of a PHC pipe pile;
  • Step 2 the pile pulling tool is driven to the bottom elevation position of the PHC pipe pile, and the pile pulling tool relies on the friction force between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile to hoist the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together;
  • Step 3 Use the hook of the piling ship to hoist the pile pulling tool and the PHC pipe pile to the shore;
  • Step 4 take out the PHC pipe pile
  • Step 5 Use a vibrating hammer to pull out the outer casing, and then assemble the inner casing and pull out the next pile after hanging on the shore.
  • the invention uses a pile pulling tool, relies on the friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile to hoist the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together, and uses the hook of the piling ship to hoist the pile pulling tool together with a single PHC pipe pile. Hanging on the shore, the pile pulling process is simpler and the pile pulling efficiency is high.
  • Step 1 of the embodiment of the present invention is specifically:
  • Step 1.1 Measure the PHC pipe pile to obtain the measurement parameters.
  • the measurement parameters include: the inclination of the water-borne concrete pipe pile and the torsion angle of the water-borne concrete pipe pile.
  • the parameters of the water PHC pipe pile are measured, calculated and positioned.
  • Step 1.2 Lift the pile pulling tool to the position of the PHC pipe pile where the pile needs to be pulled out by the piling ship.
  • Step 1.3 Adjust the position of the pile driver according to the measurement parameters, so that the position of the pile pulling tool is consistent with the position of the PHC pipe pile.
  • the position of the pile pulling tool is adjusted to the position consistent with the PHC pipe pile before the pile pulling tool drives the pile, so as to facilitate the pile pulling tool to drive the pile and avoid damage to the underlying PHC pipe pile when the pile pulling tool is driving the pile. More conducive to pulling piles.
  • the pile pulling tool relies on the friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile to hoist the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together, including: the PHC pipe pile is located inside the pile pulling tool; The friction between the pipe and the PHC piles lifts the inner casing and the PHC piles together.
  • the PHC pipe pile of the present invention is located inside the pile pulling tool, and includes: the pile pulling tool includes an inner casing and an outer casing; the inner casing and the outer casing are assembled after the installation is completed, and then hanged above the PHC pipe pile; the inner casing; After measuring and positioning with the outer casing, use the impact hammer to sink the inner casing and the outer casing together to the bottom elevation of the PHC pipe pile, at this time the PHC pipe pile is inside the inner casing.
  • the pile pulling tool of the present invention lifts the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together by means of the friction force between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile, including: a circular ring is arranged on the bottom surface of the outer casing, and the circular ring is used to allow the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile to be hoisted together.
  • the outer casing does not enter the soil when the pile is driven, so as to generate friction; the PHC pipe pile is located inside the inner casing.
  • the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile are lifted together by the friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile.
  • the invention relies on the friction force between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile to hoist the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together, including: when the pile pulling tool sinks the pile to the bottom elevation position of the PHC pipe pile, the inner casing and the outer casing Slightly exceed the bottom of the PHC pipe pile; when the inner and outer casings are piled to the bottom of the PHC pipe pile, or slightly exceed the bottom of the PHC pipe pile, rely on the friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile (mainly refers to the inner casing.
  • the friction force between the contact surface with the soil is greater than the weight of the PHC pipe pile (if the interior of the PHC pipe pile contains soil, the weight of the PHC pipe pile itself, and the The weight of the soil), the weight of the inner casing, and the weight of the soil between the PHC pipe pile and the inner casing; lift the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together, and the outer casing does not need to be moved.
  • the lengths of the piles vary. Generally speaking, it is about 22m from the sea level, so the two 12m steel casings used are welded;
  • the friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile is greater than the weight of the PHC pipe pile, the weight of the inner casing, and the weight of the soil between the PHC pipe pile and the inner casing are discussed in detail as follows:
  • the value is 2m per layer
  • the self-weight of the soil plug inside the PHC pipe pile (the depth of the soil plug is considered to be 10m):
  • Inner casing (steel pipe pile):
  • Step 3 in the embodiment of the present invention is specifically:
  • step 5 is further included: repeating steps 1 to 4 to pull out the next PHC pipe pile.
  • the inner casing is inside the outer casing, and a 16Ton hydraulic impact hammer is used for the pile sinking of the inner casing and the outer casing. , Stop hammering, then hang the lifting ring of the inner casing with the hook of the piling ship, and directly pull out the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together. After the inner casing is hoisted ashore, the soil in the inner casing is poured out, and the PHC pipe pile is poured out together with the soil. Clamp the outer casing with a pile clamp, and start the vibrating hammer to vibrate to pull out the outer casing.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a pile pulling tool, which includes an outer casing 1 and an inner casing 2 , and the bottom end of the outer casing 1 is provided with a circular Ring 3, the outer peripheral wall of the ring 3 is fixed with the inner peripheral wall of the outer casing 1, the inner casing 2 is placed in the inner cavity of the outer casing 1, and the top of the inner casing 2 and the outer casing 1 are clamped by the same pile clamp, The bottom surface of the inner casing 2 is in contact with the end face of the ring 3; the top end of the inner casing 2 is provided with a lifting lug 5, which is connected with the hook of the piling ship.
  • the invention adopts the method of double casing drilling to cut off the soil around the PHC pipe pile, and the soil body is pulled up together with the PHC pipe pile.
  • the outer casing 1 of the embodiment of the present invention is made of a steel pipe with an outer diameter of 1000 mm and a wall thickness of 24 mm, and is welded and connected by two steel pipes with a length of 12 m. block stiffener.
  • the bottom of the outer casing 1 is cut into a circular ring with a 4cm thick iron plate and welded to the outer casing 1. After the iron ring is welded, the inner casing 2 can directly act on the iron ring.
  • the ring generally does not change during the construction process. If the soil is too hard, the ring will be deformed to an ellipse. If the deformation is too large, the ring will hit the pile, and the ring needs to be corrected or reprocessed. Specifically, weld a ring at the bottom first. ring, and then weld a reinforcing iron sheet on the outside of the ring, and finally seal the surrounding area.
  • the inner casing 2 of the embodiment of the present invention is made of a steel pipe with an outer diameter of 908 mm and a wall thickness of 24 mm, and is welded and connected by two steel pipes with a length of 12 m. Both inside and outside need to be welded.
  • the inner side of the inner sleeve 2 is welded with two lifting ears 5, and the size is 20cm*20cm*4cm.
  • the inner wall of the outer sleeve 1 is also provided with a plurality of blocking members 4 evenly around the circumference, and each blocking member is 4 are all located at the gap, and the blocking member 4 ensures that the gap value is equal at any position in the circumferential direction.
  • the blocking member 4 is arranged in the same plane 5 ⁇ 3 cm from the top of the outer sleeve 1 .
  • the blocking member 4 is an iron piece, and the width of the iron piece is slightly smaller than the gap value; the length of the iron piece is slightly larger than the gap value.
  • 6 iron pieces are evenly arranged, and the size of the iron pieces is 5cm*5cm*2cm, which can ensure that the inner and outer casings 1 can be evenly distributed after assembling.
  • the purpose of providing the blocking member 4 in the present invention is to ensure that the inner sleeve 2 and the outer sleeve 1 can be evenly distributed after being assembled.
  • the bottom inner peripheral wall of the outer casing 1 is fitted with the bottom outer peripheral wall of the inner casing 2 to prevent debris from entering between the inner casing 2 and the outer casing 1 during pile driving.
  • the inner diameter of the inner casing 2 is larger than the outer diameter of the water-borne concrete pipe pile; the water-borne concrete pipe pile is located in the inner cavity of the inner casing 2, and the inner casing 2 pulls out the water-borne concrete pipe pile together with the surrounding soil.
  • a plurality of reinforcement ribs are further provided between the ring 3 and the outer sleeve 1 , and the reinforcement ribs connect the ring 3 and the outer sleeve 1 at the same time, so as to realize a more reliable connection between the ring 3 and the outer sleeve 1 .
  • the inner diameter of the bottom end of the outer casing 1 is gradually reduced, and the minimum inner diameter of the outer casing 1 is consistent with the outer diameter of the outer casing 1, so as to realize the bottom outer peripheral wall of the inner casing 2 and the bottom outer circumference of the inner casing 2 Wall fit.
  • the outer casing 1 is formed by welding a plurality of first steel pipes along the length direction, and the joints of the adjacent first steel pipes are fully welded and a stiffening plate is fixed outside the welding seam.
  • the inner casing 2 is formed by welding a plurality of second steel pipes along the length direction, and the joints, inner walls and outer walls of adjacent second steel pipes are fully welded.
  • the construction process of the pile pulling tool is as follows:
  • the surveyor will measure the slope and torsion angle of the PHC pipe piles of the wharf in advance.
  • the piling boat cooperates with a 180T crawler crane to install the inner and outer casings 1 together, and then the piling boat lifts the inner and outer casings 1 together to the PHC pipe pile that needs to be pulled out.
  • the surveyor's instructions adjust the position and angle of the boat to match.
  • the stakes are perfectly matched.
  • Pile pulling effect Pile pulling tool, its construction progress is: 1 / 4 hours. Specifically, the casing is positioned for 20 minutes, the inner and outer casings 1 sink for 1 hour, the pipe piles are removed for 20 minutes, the inner casing 2 and the PHC pipe piles are cleaned for 2 hours, and the outer casing 1 is pulled out for 20 minutes. The method improves the success rate and efficacy of pile pulling.
  • the inner wall of the inner casing 2 is also equipped with a pile pulling assembly, and each group of the pile pulling assembly includes a water pipe 6, an air pipe 7 and a guard, and the guard is fixed on the inner wall of the casing 1, A cavity is formed between the guard and the inner wall of the sleeve 1, the water pipe 6 and the air pipe 7 are fixed in the cavity, and the water pipe 6 and the air pipe 7 penetrate the cavity along the axial direction of the sleeve 1; the water pipe 6 and the air pipe 7 are fixed in the cavity.
  • Each group of pile pulling assemblies also includes a nozzle, which is fixed at the bottom of the water pipe 6 .
  • the ejection port of the nozzle is arranged on its peripheral wall, and the water flow flowing through the water pipe 6 is ejected from the ejection port after the nozzle is turned 90°.
  • the nozzle is conical, the large end of the nozzle is connected with the water pipe 6, and the small end of the nozzle is provided with a spray outlet.
  • each water pipe 6 and air pipe 7 at the top are connected to a water pump and an air compressor with a rubber hose.
  • the guard is changed from the original angle joint plate 2 to The circular pipe 8, the bottom of the gas pipe 7 is stretched into the circular pipe 8, the water pipe 6 and the gas pipe 7 are welded on both sides of the circular pipe 8 respectively, and the inner wall of the inner casing 2 is fully welded, and the reinforced plate is used for welding reinforcement at the connection. , the top of the round tube 8 is fully welded and sealed with steel plates. Extend the life of pile pulling components.

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Abstract

A construction method for pulling out a concrete pipe pile on water and a pile pulling-out tool, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: step one: a pile-driving barge lifts the pile pulling-out tool to the position of a PHC pipe pile such that the position of the pile pulling-out tool matches that of the PHC pipe pile; step two: the pile pulling-out tool is sunk to the bottom elevation of the PHC pipe pile, and lifts an inner sleeve (2) and the PHC pipe pile altogether by means of friction between the inner sleeve (2) and the PHC pipe pile; step three: the pipe pulling-out tool and the PHC pipe pile are lifted ashore by means of a hook of the pile-driving barge; step four: the PHC pipe pile is taken out; and step five: an outer sleeve (1) is pulled out and lifted ashore by means of a vibration hammer, and the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve (2,1) are assembled to pull out the next pile. The pile pulling-out tool lifts the inner sleeve (2) and a single PHC pipe pile by means of friction between the inner sleeve (2) and the PHC pipe pile, and the pile pulling-out tool and the single PHC pipe pile are lifted ashore by means of the hook of the pile-driving barge. The pile pulling-out process is simpler and the pile pulling-out efficiency is high.

Description

一种拔出水上混凝土管桩的施工方法及其拔桩工具A construction method for pulling out concrete pipe piles on water and a pile pulling tool 技术领域technical field
本发明涉及水上拔桩领域，尤其涉及一种拔出水上混凝土管桩的施工方法及其拔桩工具。The invention relates to the field of pulling out piles on water, in particular to a construction method for pulling out concrete pipe piles on water and a pile pulling tool.
背景技术Background technique
拆除码头工程包括拆除驳岸、拆除码头后方一座公用平台、拆除两个独立靠船墩，拆除驳岸和靠船墩时还需拔除PHC(预应力高强度混凝土)管桩。所谓PHC管桩，即预应力高强度混凝土管桩，是采用先张预应力离心成型工艺制成一种空心圆筒型混凝土预制构件。The demolition of the wharf includes the removal of the revetment, the removal of a public platform at the rear of the wharf, and the removal of two independent ship piers. PHC (prestressed high-strength concrete) pipe piles need to be removed when the revetment and ship piers are removed. The so-called PHC pipe pile, that is, a prestressed high-strength concrete pipe pile, is a hollow cylindrical concrete prefabricated member made of a pre-tensioned prestressed centrifugal forming process.
由于码头竣工资料和地质资料不全，特别两个靠船墩桩竣工资料缺失，桩长不明；另外，码头在海水中浸泡二十多年，桩的焊接位置和桩本身质量问题会导致桩的断裂。Due to the incomplete completion data and geological data of the wharf, especially the completion data of the two ship-side pier piles are missing, and the length of the piles is unknown; in addition, the wharf has been immersed in seawater for more than 20 years, and the welding position of the piles and the quality of the piles will lead to the fracture of the piles. .
有鉴于此，有必要提供一种拔出水上混凝土管桩的施工方法及其拔桩工具，以提高拔桩效率和拔桩成功率。In view of this, it is necessary to provide a construction method for pulling out concrete pipe piles on water and a pile pulling tool thereof, so as to improve the efficiency of pulling out the piles and the success rate of pulling out the piles.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明提供了一种拔出水上混凝土管桩的施工方法及其拔桩工具，借助拔桩工具、依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力将内套管和PHC管桩一同吊起PHC管桩将PHC管桩拔出，具有拔桩效率高的优点。The invention provides a construction method for pulling out concrete pipe piles on water and a pile pulling tool. The inner casing and the PHC pipe pile are lifted together by means of the pile pulling tool and the friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile. The PHC pipe pile pulls out the PHC pipe pile, which has the advantage of high pile pulling efficiency.
实现本发明目的的技术方案如下：The technical scheme that realizes the object of the present invention is as follows:
一种拔出水上混凝土管桩的施工方法，包括以下步骤：A construction method for pulling out concrete pipe piles on water, comprising the following steps:
步骤一、由打桩船将拔桩工具吊至需要拔桩的一根PHC管桩位置，使拔桩工具的位置与所述一根PHC管桩的位置吻合； Step 1, the pile pulling tool is hoisted to the position of a PHC pipe pile that needs to pull out the pile by the piling ship, so that the position of the pile pulling tool is consistent with the position of the described one PHC pipe pile;
步骤二、将拔桩工具沉桩至所述PHC管桩的底标高位置，并且拔桩 工具依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力将内套管和PHC管桩一同吊起； Step 2, the pile pulling tool is piled to the bottom elevation position of the described PHC pipe pile, and the pile pulling tool relies on the friction force between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile to lift the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together;
步骤三、用打桩船的吊钩将拔桩工具与PHC管桩一起吊上岸； Step 3. Use the hook of the piling ship to hoist the pile pulling tool and the PHC pipe pile to the shore;
步骤四、取出PHC管桩； Step 4, take out the PHC pipe pile;
步骤五、用振动锤将外套管拔出，吊上岸之后和内套管再次拼装，进行下一根桩的拔桩。 Step 5. Use a vibrating hammer to pull out the outer casing, and then assemble it with the inner casing again after hanging on the shore to pull out the next pile.
本发明使用拔桩工具、依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力将内套管和PHC管桩一同吊起，借助打桩船的吊钩把拔桩工具同单根PHC管桩一并吊上岸，拔桩过程更简便，拔桩效率高。The invention uses a pile pulling tool, relies on the friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile to hoist the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together, and uses the hook of the piling ship to hoist the pile pulling tool together with a single PHC pipe pile. Hanging on the shore, the pile pulling process is simpler and the pile pulling efficiency is high.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述步骤一具体为：As a further improvement of the present invention, the step one is specifically:
步骤1.1、测量PHC管桩，得到测量参数；Step 1.1, measure the PHC pipe pile to obtain the measurement parameters;
步骤1.2、由打桩船将拔桩工具吊至需要拔桩的PHC管桩位置；Step 1.2. Lift the pile pulling tool to the position of the PHC pipe pile where the pile needs to be pulled out by the piling ship;
步骤1.3、根据所述测量参数调整所述打桩船的位置，使拔桩工具的位置与所述PHC管桩的位置吻合。Step 1.3. Adjust the position of the pile driver according to the measurement parameters, so that the position of the pile pulling tool is consistent with the position of the PHC pipe pile.
本发明将拔桩工具沉桩之前，先将拔桩工具的位置调整到与该跟PHC管桩一致的位置，便于拔桩工具沉桩，避免拔桩工具沉桩时损坏本根PHC管桩，更利于拔桩。In the present invention, the position of the pile pulling tool is adjusted to the position consistent with the PHC pipe pile before the pile pulling tool drives the pile, so as to facilitate the pile pulling tool to drive the pile and avoid damage to the underlying PHC pipe pile when the pile pulling tool is driving the pile. More conducive to pulling piles.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述步骤1.1的测量参数，包括：水上混凝土管桩的斜度、水上混凝土管桩的扭角。作为本发明的进一步改进，所述步骤二中拔桩工具依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力将内套管和PHC管桩一同吊起，包括：As a further improvement of the present invention, the measurement parameters in step 1.1 include: the slope of the water-borne concrete pipe pile and the torsion angle of the water-borne concrete pipe pile. As a further improvement of the present invention, in the step 2, the pile pulling tool relies on the friction force between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile to hoist the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together, including:
PHC管桩位于拔桩工具内部；The PHC pipe pile is located inside the pile pulling tool;
依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力将内套管和PHC管桩一同吊起。The inner casing and the PHC pipe pile are lifted together by the friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述PHC管桩位于拔桩工具内部，包括：As a further improvement of the present invention, the PHC pipe pile is located inside the pile pulling tool, including:
拔桩工具包括内套管和外套管；The pile pulling tool includes an inner casing and an outer casing;
内套管和外套管内外套管先在安装完成拼装完成，再吊至PHC管桩上方，；The inner casing and the outer casing and the inner and outer casings are assembled after the installation is completed, and then they are lifted to the top of the PHC pipe pile;
内套管和外套管测量定位之后，用冲击锤将内套管和外套管一起沉 桩至PHC管桩的底标高，此时PHC管桩在内套管的内部。After the measurement and positioning of the inner casing and the outer casing, the inner casing and the outer casing are driven together with an impact hammer to the bottom elevation of the PHC pipe pile, at this time, the PHC pipe pile is inside the inner casing.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述拔桩工具依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力将内套管和PHC管桩一同吊起，包括：As a further improvement of the present invention, the pile pulling tool relies on the friction force between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile to hoist the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together, including:
外套管的底面设置圆环，所述圆环是为了能让内套管和外套管在沉桩时没有土体进入，从而产生摩擦力；The bottom surface of the outer casing is provided with a circular ring, and the circular ring is used to prevent the soil from entering the inner casing and the outer casing when the pile is driven, thereby generating friction;
PHC管桩位于内套管的内部；The PHC pipe pile is located inside the inner casing;
依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力将内套管和PHC管桩一同吊起。The inner casing and the PHC pipe pile are lifted together by the friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile.
作为本发明的进一步改进，依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力将内套管和PHC管桩一同吊起，包括：As a further improvement of the present invention, relying on the friction force between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile, the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile are hoisted together, including:
拔桩工具沉桩至所述PHC管桩的底标高位置时，内套管和外套管要略超过PHC管桩的底部；When the pile pulling tool drives the pile to the bottom elevation position of the PHC pipe pile, the inner casing and the outer casing should slightly exceed the bottom of the PHC pipe pile;
当内外套管沉桩至PHC管桩底部，或者略超过PHC管桩底部时，依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力大于PHC管桩重量、内套管的重量、以及PHC管桩与内套管之间泥土的重量；将内套管和PHC管桩一起吊出，此时外套管不需要做任何移动。When the inner and outer casings are piled to the bottom of the PHC pipe pile, or slightly beyond the bottom of the PHC pipe pile, the friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile is greater than the weight of the PHC pipe pile, the weight of the inner casing, and the PHC pipe pile. The weight of the soil between the inner casing and the inner casing; the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile are lifted together, and the outer casing does not need to be moved at this time.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述步骤三具体为：As a further improvement of the present invention, the step 3 is specifically:
先用打桩船的吊钩将内套管与PHC管桩一起吊出；First use the hook of the piling ship to lift out the inner casing together with the PHC pipe pile;
然后用振动锤将外套管拔出。Then pull out the outer casing with a vibrating hammer.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述步骤四之后还包括步骤五：重复步骤一至步骤四拔出下一根PHC管桩。As a further improvement of the present invention, step 5 is further included after step 4: repeating steps 1 to 4 to pull out the next PHC pipe pile.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述步骤二中采用冲击锤或振动锤将拔桩工具沉桩至所述PHC管桩的底标高位置。As a further improvement of the present invention, in the second step, an impact hammer or a vibrating hammer is used to drive the pile pulling tool to the bottom elevation position of the PHC pipe pile.
将拔桩工具(内、外套管)一起起吊，吊入冲击锤的桩帽中，由于冲击锤能够同时对拔桩工具施加作用力，保证了拔桩工具(内、外套管)能同时受力，贯入泥土的速度一致，以保证沉桩至所述PHC管桩的底标高位置时拔桩工具(内、外套管)的底面处于同一平面；同样采用振动锤的时候，也要满足能够同时对拔桩工具施加作用力。Lift the pile pulling tool (inner and outer casing) together and hang it into the pile cap of the impact hammer. Since the impact hammer can exert force on the pile pulling tool at the same time, it ensures that the pile pulling tool (inner and outer casing) can be stressed at the same time. , the speed of penetrating the soil is consistent to ensure that the bottom surface of the pile pulling tool (inner and outer casing) is in the same plane when the pile is driven to the bottom elevation position of the PHC pipe pile; Apply force to the pile extraction tool.
一种拔桩工具，包括外套管和内套管，所述外套管的底端设有圆环，所述圆环的外周壁与所述外套管的内周壁固定，所述内套管置于所述外套管的内腔，所述内套管的底面与所述圆环的端面接触；所述内套管的顶端设有吊耳，所述吊耳与打桩船的挂钩连接。A pile pulling tool includes an outer casing and an inner casing, the bottom end of the outer casing is provided with a circular ring, the outer peripheral wall of the circular ring is fixed with the inner peripheral wall of the outer casing, and the inner casing is placed on the outer casing. In the inner cavity of the outer sleeve, the bottom surface of the inner sleeve is in contact with the end surface of the circular ring; the top end of the inner sleeve is provided with a lifting lug, and the lifting lug is connected with the hook of the piling ship.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述内套管套入所述外套管时，所述外套管的内壁与所述内套管的外壁之间具有间隙；所述外套管的内壁上还绕周向均匀设置多个阻挡件，每个所述阻挡件均位于所述间隙处，所述阻挡件确保在周向的任意位置、所述间隙值相等。As a further improvement of the present invention, when the inner sleeve is sleeved into the outer sleeve, there is a gap between the inner wall of the outer sleeve and the outer wall of the inner sleeve; the inner wall of the outer sleeve also surrounds the circumferential direction A plurality of blocking members are evenly arranged, each of the blocking members is located at the gap, and the blocking members ensure that at any position in the circumferential direction, the value of the gap is equal.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述阻挡件为铁片，所述铁片的宽度略小于间隙值；所述铁片的长度略大于间隙值。As a further improvement of the present invention, the blocking member is an iron piece, and the width of the iron piece is slightly smaller than the gap value; the length of the iron piece is slightly larger than the gap value.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述阻挡件设置在所述外套管距离顶部5±3cm的同一平面内。由于内、外套管均较长，在实际使用过程中，阻挡件下端也有安装；在外套管的内部上端和下端都会布置，每端布置6个，每60°布置一个。As a further improvement of the present invention, the blocking member is arranged in the same plane 5±3 cm from the top of the outer sleeve. Since the inner and outer casings are both long, in actual use, the lower end of the blocking member is also installed; the inner upper and lower ends of the outer casing will be arranged, 6 at each end, and one at every 60°.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述外套管的底部内周壁与所述内套管的底部外周壁贴合，以避免沉桩时杂物进入内套管和外套管之间。As a further improvement of the present invention, the bottom inner peripheral wall of the outer casing is in contact with the bottom outer peripheral wall of the inner casing to prevent debris from entering between the inner casing and the outer casing during pile driving.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述圆环与所述外套管之间还设有多个加强肋，所述加强肋同时连接所述圆环和所述外套管，以实现所述圆环与所述外套管更可靠的连接。As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are further provided between the annular ring and the outer sleeve, and the reinforcing ribs connect the annular ring and the outer sleeve at the same time, so as to realize the connection between the annular ring and the outer sleeve. More reliable connection of the outer casing.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述外套管的底端内径逐渐减小，所述外套管的最小内径与所述外套管的外径一致，以实现所述外套管的底部内周壁与所述内套管的底部外周壁贴合。As a further improvement of the present invention, the inner diameter of the bottom end of the outer sleeve is gradually reduced, and the minimum inner diameter of the outer sleeve is consistent with the outer diameter of the outer sleeve, so as to realize that the bottom inner peripheral wall of the outer sleeve and the inner The bottom peripheral wall of the sleeve fits.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述外套管由多根第一钢管沿长度方向焊接而成，相邻第一钢管的连接处满焊并在焊缝外侧固设加筋板。As a further improvement of the present invention, the outer sleeve is formed by welding a plurality of first steel pipes along the length direction, and the joints of adjacent first steel pipes are fully welded and a stiffening plate is fixed outside the welding seam.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述内套管由多根第二钢管沿长度方向焊接而成，相邻第二钢管的连接处、内壁和外壁均满焊。As a further improvement of the present invention, the inner sleeve is formed by welding a plurality of second steel pipes along the length direction, and the joints, inner walls and outer walls of adjacent second steel pipes are fully welded.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1、本发明使用拔桩工具、依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力将内套管和PHC管桩一同吊起，借助打桩船的吊钩把拔桩工具同单根PHC管桩一并吊上岸，拔桩过程更简便，拔桩效率高。1. The present invention uses a pile pulling tool, relies on the friction force between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile to hoist the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together, and lifts the pile pulling tool with the single PHC pipe pile by means of the hook of the piling ship. Hanging on the shore together, the pile pulling process is simpler and the pile pulling efficiency is high.
2、本发明将拔桩工具沉桩之前，先将拔桩工具的位置调整到与该跟PHC管桩一致的位置，便于拔桩工具沉桩，避免拔桩工具沉桩时损坏本根PHC管桩，更利于拔桩。2. The present invention adjusts the position of the pile-pulling tool to the same position as the PHC pipe pile before the pile-pulling tool drives the pile, which is convenient for the pile-pulling tool to drive the pile and avoids damage to the root PHC pipe when the pile-pulling tool drives the pile. The pile is more conducive to pulling the pile.
3、本发明使用拔桩工具依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力将内套管和PHC管桩一同吊起，利用拔桩工具使PHC管桩与水下方的泥土分离，借助打桩船把拔桩工具连同PHC管桩吊起，实现PHC管桩的快速拔桩。3. The present invention uses the pile pulling tool to hoist the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together by relying on the friction force between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile, utilizes the pile pulling tool to separate the PHC pipe pile from the soil under the water, and uses pile driving The boat lifts the pile pulling tool together with the PHC pipe pile to realize the rapid pile pulling of the PHC pipe pile.
4、本发明的拔桩工具是在岸上先将外套管和内套管安装到一起，其中外套管底部焊接铁环用于顶住内套管，在内外套管沉桩过程中没有泥土可以进入，保证内外套管之间无摩擦力。4. The pile pulling tool of the present invention is to first install the outer casing and the inner casing together on the shore, wherein the iron ring welded at the bottom of the outer casing is used to withstand the inner casing, and no soil can enter during the pile driving process of the inner and outer casings. , to ensure that there is no friction between the inner and outer casings.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为一种拔出水上混凝土管桩的施工方法的流程图；Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the construction method of pulling out the concrete pipe pile on water;
图2为拔桩工具的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is the structural representation of pile pulling tool;
图3为图2的A-A剖视图；Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 2;
图4为图2的B-B剖视图；Fig. 4 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 2;
图5为外套管的结构示意图；Fig. 5 is the structural representation of outer casing;
图6为内套管的结构示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the inner sleeve.
图7为内套管的截面图。Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the inner sleeve.
图中，1、外套管；2、内套管；3、圆环；4、阻挡件；5、吊耳。In the figure, 1. Outer casing; 2. Inner casing; 3. Ring; 4. Stopper; 5. Lifting lug.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图所示的各实施方式对本发明进行详细说明，但应当说明的是，这些实施方式并非对本发明的限制，本领域普通技术人员根据这些实施方式所作的功能、方法、或者结构上的等效变换或替代，均属于本发明的保 护范围之内。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the various embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but it should be noted that these embodiments do not limit the present invention. Equivalent transformations or substitutions all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
PHC管桩，即预应力高强度混凝土管桩。是采用先张预应力离心成型工艺，并经过10个大气压(1.0Mpa左右)、180℃左右的蒸汽养护，制成一种空心圆筒型混凝土预制构件，标准节长为10m，直径从300mm～800mm，混凝土强度等级≥C80。PHC pipe piles are prestressed high-strength concrete pipe piles. It adopts the pre-tensioned prestressed centrifugal molding process, and after 10 atmospheric pressure (about 1.0Mpa) and steam curing at about 180 ℃, a hollow cylindrical concrete prefabricated component is made. The standard section length is 10m and the diameter ranges from 300mm~ 800mm, concrete strength grade ≥ C80.
目前，国内的拔桩工法主要集中于静拔法、高压旋喷泥浆拔桩法、振动沉管高压水切割拔桩法、全回转CD机拔桩、FECE全回转拔桩法等。其中，静拔法直接将管桩从地层中拔出。此工法对桩体强度要求高，不适合预制管桩的拔除。高压旋喷泥浆拔桩法在桩体周围进行高压旋喷泥浆破坏桩周土体。缺点是容易造成断桩，受地层土密实度影响大，地层扰动大，不适合预制桩的拔除。振动沉管高压水切割拔桩法利用振动使得桩周土体液化深入钢管，并配合高压水破坏桩体和钢管之间的土体，大大减少桩侧摩阻力。振动沉管高压水切割拔桩法多适用于水上拔桩，在陆上使用此工法拔桩，施工速度较慢，地层扰动大。全回转CD机拔桩是目前最先进的清除地下障碍物的方法之一，具有垂直度高、适应各种复杂地质、无噪音的优点。缺点是液压驱动钢套管旋转切割速度慢，机械设备需配重借助反力将钢套管下压，行走须用吊车，准确定位难。FECE全回转拔桩法采用双层套管回转钻进的方法切削桩周土体，减少桩侧摩阻力。FECE全回转拔桩具有适用范围广，施工效果好的优点，尤其是斜桩和场地附近对于沉降敏感的建筑，但此工法需要有专门的FECE全回转拔桩机，施工造价高。At present, the domestic pile pulling methods mainly focus on static pulling method, high pressure rotary jet mud pile pulling method, vibrating immersed tube high pressure water cutting pile pulling method, azimuth CD machine pile pulling, FECE azimuth pile pulling method, etc. Among them, the static pulling method directly pulls the pipe pile out of the ground. This method has high requirements on the strength of the pile body and is not suitable for the removal of prefabricated pipe piles. The high-pressure swirling mud pile pulling method uses high-pressure swirling mud around the pile to destroy the soil around the pile. The disadvantage is that it is easy to cause broken piles, is greatly affected by the compactness of the stratum, and the stratum disturbance is large, so it is not suitable for the removal of prefabricated piles. The vibrating immersed tube high pressure water cutting pile pulling method uses vibration to liquefy the soil around the pile and penetrate into the steel pipe, and cooperate with high pressure water to destroy the soil between the pile body and the steel pipe, greatly reducing the pile side friction. The high-pressure water cutting pile pulling method of vibrating immersed tube is mostly suitable for pulling piles on water. When this method is used for pulling piles on land, the construction speed is slow and the stratum disturbance is large. The azimuth CD machine pile pulling is one of the most advanced methods for removing underground obstacles. It has the advantages of high verticality, adaptability to various complex geology, and no noise. The disadvantage is that the hydraulically driven steel casing has a slow rotation and cutting speed, the mechanical equipment needs to be counterweight to press down the steel casing with the help of a counter force, and a crane must be used for walking, so accurate positioning is difficult. The FECE full-rotation pile-pulling method adopts the method of double-layer casing rotary drilling to cut the soil around the pile to reduce the frictional resistance of the pile side. FECE zigzag pile pulling has the advantages of wide application range and good construction effect, especially for inclined piles and buildings that are sensitive to settlement near the site, but this method requires a special FECE zigzag pile pulling machine, and the construction cost is high.
由于码头竣工资料和地质资料不全，特别两个靠船墩桩竣工资料缺失，桩长不明；另外，码头在海水中浸泡二十多年，桩的焊接位置和桩本身质量问题会导致桩的断裂。Due to the incomplete completion data and geological data of the wharf, especially the completion data of the two ship-side pier piles are missing, and the length of the piles is unknown; in addition, the wharf has been immersed in seawater for more than 20 years, and the welding position of the piles and the quality of the piles will lead to the fracture of the piles. .
请参阅图1，本发明实施方式提供了一种拔出水上混凝土管桩的施工方法，包括以下步骤：Referring to FIG. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a construction method for pulling out a concrete pipe pile on water, comprising the following steps:
步骤一、由打桩船将拔桩工具吊至需要拔桩的一根PHC管桩位置，使拔桩工具的位置与一根PHC管桩的位置吻合； Step 1. The pile-pulling tool is hoisted to the position of a PHC pipe pile that needs to be pulled out by the piling ship, so that the position of the pile-pulling tool is consistent with the position of a PHC pipe pile;
步骤二、将拔桩工具沉桩至PHC管桩的底标高位置，并且拔桩工具依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力将内套管和PHC管桩一同吊起； Step 2, the pile pulling tool is driven to the bottom elevation position of the PHC pipe pile, and the pile pulling tool relies on the friction force between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile to hoist the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together;
步骤三、用打桩船的吊钩将拔桩工具与PHC管桩一起吊上岸； Step 3. Use the hook of the piling ship to hoist the pile pulling tool and the PHC pipe pile to the shore;
步骤四、取出PHC管桩； Step 4, take out the PHC pipe pile;
步骤五、用振动锤将外套管拔出，吊上岸之后和内套管在次拼装，进行下一根桩的拔桩。 Step 5. Use a vibrating hammer to pull out the outer casing, and then assemble the inner casing and pull out the next pile after hanging on the shore.
本发明使用拔桩工具、依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力将内套管和PHC管桩一同吊起，借助打桩船的吊钩把拔桩工具同单根PHC管桩一并吊上岸，拔桩过程更简便，拔桩效率高。The invention uses a pile pulling tool, relies on the friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile to hoist the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together, and uses the hook of the piling ship to hoist the pile pulling tool together with a single PHC pipe pile. Hanging on the shore, the pile pulling process is simpler and the pile pulling efficiency is high.
本发明实施例的步骤一具体为： Step 1 of the embodiment of the present invention is specifically:
步骤1.1、测量PHC管桩，得到测量参数。其中，测量参数，包括：水上混凝土管桩的斜度、水上混凝土管桩的扭角。Step 1.1. Measure the PHC pipe pile to obtain the measurement parameters. Among them, the measurement parameters include: the inclination of the water-borne concrete pipe pile and the torsion angle of the water-borne concrete pipe pile.
具体地；拔桩前对水上PHC管桩进行参数实测、计算、定位。Specifically: before the pile is pulled out, the parameters of the water PHC pipe pile are measured, calculated and positioned.
1.根据拆除码头建立施工坐标系，并布设控制点。1. Establish a construction coordinate system according to the demolition wharf, and lay out control points.
2.尽量选择在大潮汛时的最低潮测参数，这样PHC桩露出在水面上长度较长，测量精度也更高。2. Try to select the lowest tide measurement parameters during the spring tide and flood season, so that the length of the PHC pile exposed on the water surface is longer and the measurement accuracy is higher.
3.测桩参数，在待拆除PHC管桩的桩顶区域同一高程的桩壁上测三个点(形成一个平面)，在同一根PHC管桩的靠近水面的同一高程桩壁上测三个点(形成另外一个平面)；3. Measure the pile parameters, measure three points on the pile wall at the same elevation in the pile top area of the PHC pipe pile to be removed (forming a plane), and measure three points on the same elevation pile wall near the water surface of the same PHC pipe pile point (to form another plane);
4.根据测得的数据在CAD上画出PHC管桩的桩中线，并计算出桩的各个参数，桩中坐标，桩的扭角，桩的斜率等等。4. Draw the center line of the PHC pipe pile on CAD according to the measured data, and calculate the various parameters of the pile, the coordinates of the center of the pile, the torsion angle of the pile, the slope of the pile and so on.
5.再根据这些桩参数和现场的控制点计算出控制打桩船的高程和角度，通过现场测量员指挥调整打桩船，就和定位一根新的桩一样，最后由于测量桩参数是可能存在一点误差(主要是桩露出水面的长度太短造成的)，还要现场的测量员和打桩船上的施工员观察实际情况，对打桩船进行最后的姿态调整，确保内、外套筒不会与PHC管桩碰到。5. Calculate the elevation and angle of the control pile driver according to these pile parameters and the control points on site, and adjust the pile driver through the command of the on-site surveyor, just like positioning a new pile. Errors (mainly caused by the short length of the pile above the water surface), the surveyor on site and the construction worker on the piling ship should observe the actual situation, and make the final attitude adjustment of the piling ship to ensure that the inner and outer sleeves will not be in contact with the PHC. Piles hit.
步骤1.2、由打桩船将拔桩工具吊至需要拔桩的PHC管桩位置。Step 1.2. Lift the pile pulling tool to the position of the PHC pipe pile where the pile needs to be pulled out by the piling ship.
步骤1.3、根据测量参数调整打桩船的位置，使拔桩工具的位置与PHC管桩的位置吻合。Step 1.3. Adjust the position of the pile driver according to the measurement parameters, so that the position of the pile pulling tool is consistent with the position of the PHC pipe pile.
本发明将拔桩工具沉桩之前，先将拔桩工具的位置调整到与该跟PHC管桩一致的位置，便于拔桩工具沉桩，避免拔桩工具沉桩时损坏本根PHC管桩，更利于拔桩。In the present invention, the position of the pile pulling tool is adjusted to the position consistent with the PHC pipe pile before the pile pulling tool drives the pile, so as to facilitate the pile pulling tool to drive the pile and avoid damage to the underlying PHC pipe pile when the pile pulling tool is driving the pile. More conducive to pulling piles.
本发明实施例的步骤二中拔桩工具依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力将内套管和PHC管桩一同吊起，包括：PHC管桩位于拔桩工具内部；依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力将内套管和PHC管桩一同吊起。In step 2 of the embodiment of the present invention, the pile pulling tool relies on the friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile to hoist the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together, including: the PHC pipe pile is located inside the pile pulling tool; The friction between the pipe and the PHC piles lifts the inner casing and the PHC piles together.
本发明PHC管桩位于拔桩工具内部，包括：拔桩工具包括内套管和外套管；内套管和外套管内外套管先在安装完成拼装完成，再吊至PHC管桩上方；内套管和外套管测量定位之后，用冲击锤将内套管和外套管一起沉桩至PHC管桩的底标高，此时PHC管桩在内套管的内部。The PHC pipe pile of the present invention is located inside the pile pulling tool, and includes: the pile pulling tool includes an inner casing and an outer casing; the inner casing and the outer casing are assembled after the installation is completed, and then hanged above the PHC pipe pile; the inner casing; After measuring and positioning with the outer casing, use the impact hammer to sink the inner casing and the outer casing together to the bottom elevation of the PHC pipe pile, at this time the PHC pipe pile is inside the inner casing.
本发明拔桩工具依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力将内套管和PHC管桩一同吊起，包括：外套管的底面设置圆环，圆环是为了能让内套管和外套管在沉桩时没有土体进入，从而产生摩擦力；PHC管桩位于内套管的内部。The pile pulling tool of the present invention lifts the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together by means of the friction force between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile, including: a circular ring is arranged on the bottom surface of the outer casing, and the circular ring is used to allow the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile to be hoisted together. The outer casing does not enter the soil when the pile is driven, so as to generate friction; the PHC pipe pile is located inside the inner casing.
依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力将内套管和PHC管桩一同吊起。本发明依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力将内套管和PHC管桩一同吊起，包括：拔桩工具沉桩至PHC管桩的底标高位置时，内套管和外套管要略超过PHC管桩的底部；当内外套管沉桩至PHC管桩底部，或者略超过PHC管桩底部时，依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力(主要指的是内套管与土(内套管和PHC管桩之间形成的土)接触面之间的摩擦力)大于PHC管桩重量(若PHC管桩内部含有土，则同时包括PHC管桩自身的重量，以及该土的重量)、内套管的重量、以及PHC管桩与内套管之间泥土的重量；将内套管和PHC管桩一起吊出，此时外套管不需要做任何移动。首先，桩长不等，从海平面开始算一般来算的话大概22m左右，所以使用的2根12m的钢套管焊接；The inner casing and the PHC pipe pile are lifted together by the friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile. The invention relies on the friction force between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile to hoist the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together, including: when the pile pulling tool sinks the pile to the bottom elevation position of the PHC pipe pile, the inner casing and the outer casing Slightly exceed the bottom of the PHC pipe pile; when the inner and outer casings are piled to the bottom of the PHC pipe pile, or slightly exceed the bottom of the PHC pipe pile, rely on the friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile (mainly refers to the inner casing. The friction force between the contact surface with the soil (the soil formed between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile) is greater than the weight of the PHC pipe pile (if the interior of the PHC pipe pile contains soil, the weight of the PHC pipe pile itself, and the The weight of the soil), the weight of the inner casing, and the weight of the soil between the PHC pipe pile and the inner casing; lift the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together, and the outer casing does not need to be moved. First of all, the lengths of the piles vary. Generally speaking, it is about 22m from the sea level, so the two 12m steel casings used are welded;
其次，略超过PHC管桩的底部，根据竣工图纸，一般超过桩底标高50mm～100mm,因为是用冲击锤打的桩，如果打的太深，担心外套管无法用振动锤拔出；Secondly, it slightly exceeds the bottom of the PHC pipe pile. According to the as-built drawings, it generally exceeds the elevation of the bottom of the pile by 50mm to 100mm. Because it is a pile driven by an impact hammer, if it is driven too deep, it is worried that the outer casing cannot be pulled out with a vibrating hammer;
关于内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力大于PHC管桩重量、内套管的重量、以及PHC管桩与内套管之间泥土的重量详细论述如下：The friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile is greater than the weight of the PHC pipe pile, the weight of the inner casing, and the weight of the soil between the PHC pipe pile and the inner casing are discussed in detail as follows:
Fs＝3N(N<＝200)理论计算Fs=3N (N<=200) theoretical calculation
Rs＝fs.As(As为桩与土的接触面积)Rs=fs.As (As is the contact area between pile and soil)
Rs/安全系数》＝所需Rs/safety factor" = required
根据地质报告，按照每层2m取值According to the geological report, the value is 2m per layer
以桩长22m，入土10m为例Take the pile length of 22m and the immersion of 10m as an example
入土0～2m：fs＝3*3＝9KN/m2Buried 0～2m: fs=3*3=9KN/m2
入土2m～4m：fs＝3*13＝39KN/m2Buried 2m～4m: fs=3*13=39KN/m2
入土4m～6m：fs＝3*54＝162KN/m2Buried 4m～6m: fs=3*54=162KN/m2
入土6m～8m：fs＝3*89＝267KN/m2Buried 6m～8m: fs=3*89=267KN/m2
入土8m～10m：fs＝3*100＝300KN/m28m～10m in soil: fs=3*100=300KN/m2
①土与PHC管桩之间的摩擦力大于PHC管桩自重、PHC管桩内部土的自重以及PHC管桩与内套管(钢管桩)之间土的自重①The friction between soil and PHC pipe pile is greater than the self-weight of PHC pipe pile, the self-weight of soil inside PHC pipe pile, and the self-weight of soil between PHC pipe pile and inner casing (steel pipe pile)
PHC管桩与内套管(钢管桩)之间土的自重(按粘土计算)：(3.14*0.454*0.454-3.14*0.3*0.3)*10*2.7＝9.84ton，其中0.454m为内套管半径，0.3m为PHC管桩半径，10m为内套管与PHC之间土的深度，2.7为粘土的密度The self-weight of the soil between the PHC pipe pile and the inner casing (steel pipe pile) (calculated by clay): (3.14*0.454*0.454-3.14*0.3*0.3)*10*2.7=9.84ton, of which 0.454m is the inner casing Pipe radius, 0.3m is the radius of the PHC pipe pile, 10m is the depth of the soil between the inner casing and the PHC, and 2.7 is the density of the clay
PHC管桩：PHC pipe pile:
22m长PHC管桩的自重为408*22＝8976kg＝8.976ton(408kg/m为600mm直径PHC管桩每米重量)The self-weight of the 22m long PHC pipe pile is 408*22=8976kg=8.976ton (408kg/m is the weight per meter of the 600mm diameter PHC pipe pile)
PHC管桩内部土塞自重(认为土塞深度为10m)：The self-weight of the soil plug inside the PHC pipe pile (the depth of the soil plug is considered to be 10m):
3.14*0.2*0.2*10*2.7＝3.39ton(0.2为PHC管桩内径，10m为土塞长度，2.7为粘土密度3.14*0.2*0.2*10*2.7=3.39ton (0.2 is the inner diameter of the PHC pipe pile, 10m is the length of the soil plug, and 2.7 is the clay density
土与PHC管桩之间的摩擦力：Friction between soil and PHC pipe pile:
As＝3.14*0.6*10＝18.84m2(0.6为PHC桩直径)As=3.14*0.6*10=18.84m2 (0.6 is the diameter of PHC pile)
Rs/3＝18.84*(9+39+162+267+300)/3＝1463.8ton/3＝487.93>9.84+8.976+3.39＝22.206ton,远大于钢管桩与PHC桩之间土的自重、PHC桩自重以及PHC桩土塞自重之和。(3是考虑3倍的安全系数)Rs/3=18.84*(9+39+162+267+300)/3=1463.8ton/3=487.93>9.84+8.976+3.39=22.206ton, which is much larger than the self-weight of the soil between the steel pipe pile and the PHC pile, The sum of the dead weight of the PHC pile and the dead weight of the PHC pile soil plug. (3 is to consider the safety factor of 3 times)
②内套管(钢管桩)与土接触面之间的摩擦力大于内套管与PHC管桩之间土的自重、PHC管桩自重、内套管的自重以及PHC管桩内部土的自重(这部分土塞假定为10m)②The friction between the inner casing (steel pipe pile) and the soil contact surface is greater than the self-weight of the soil between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile, the self-weight of the PHC pipe pile, the self-weight of the inner casing and the self-weight of the soil inside the PHC pipe pile (This part of the soil plug is assumed to be 10m)
内套管(钢管桩)：Inner casing (steel pipe pile):
22m长内套管自重为3.14*0.908*7.85*24*22＝11.817ton(0.908为钢管桩直径，7.85为1mm厚铁板单位自重，24为钢管桩壁厚24mm，22m为钢管桩长度The self-weight of the 22m long inner casing is 3.14*0.908*7.85*24*22=11.817ton (0.908 is the diameter of the steel pipe pile, 7.85 is the unit weight of the 1mm thick iron plate, 24 is the wall thickness of the steel pipe pile, 22m is the steel pipe pile length
土的摩擦力：Friction of soil:
As＝3.14*0.908*10＝28.51m2As=3.14*0.908*10=28.51m2
Rs/3＝28.51*(9+39+162+267+300)/3＝2215.7ton/3＝738.56ton>11.817+22.206＝34.023ton，远大于土、PHC桩以及内套管的自重之和。(3是考虑3倍的安全系数,11.817是钢管桩的自重，22.206是内套管与PHC之间土的自重、PHC桩自重、内套管的自重以及PHC管桩内部土的自重之和)Rs/3=28.51*(9+39+162+267+300)/3=2215.7ton/3=738.56ton>11.817+22.206=34.023ton, which is much larger than the sum of the self-weight of soil, PHC pile and inner casing. (3 is the safety factor of 3 times, 11.817 is the self-weight of the steel pipe pile, 22.206 is the self-weight of the soil between the inner casing and the PHC, the self-weight of the PHC pile, the self-weight of the inner casing and the self-weight of the soil inside the PHC pipe pile. )
综上所述，本发明的核心此理论成立。本发明实施例的步骤三具体为：To sum up, the core theory of the present invention is established. Step 3 in the embodiment of the present invention is specifically:
先用打桩船的吊钩将内套管2与PHC管桩一起吊出；然后用振动锤将外套管1拔出。First, use the hook of the piling ship to lift out the inner casing 2 together with the PHC pipe pile; then use the vibrating hammer to pull out the outer casing 1.
本发明实施例的步骤四之后还包括步骤五：重复步骤一至步骤四拔出下一根PHC管桩。After step 4 in the embodiment of the present invention, step 5 is further included: repeating steps 1 to 4 to pull out the next PHC pipe pile.
在特殊实施例中，内套管在外套管里面，内套管和外套管的沉桩采用的是16Ton的液压冲击锤，将内套管和外套管沉入土层，下沉到标高深度后， 停止锤击，然后用打桩船的吊钩吊住内套管的吊环，直接将内套管和PHC管桩一并拔出。内套管吊装上岸后，倒出内套管中的土，PHC管桩随土一并被倒出。用夹桩器夹住外套管，开动振动锤振动使外套管拔出。In a special embodiment, the inner casing is inside the outer casing, and a 16Ton hydraulic impact hammer is used for the pile sinking of the inner casing and the outer casing. , Stop hammering, then hang the lifting ring of the inner casing with the hook of the piling ship, and directly pull out the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together. After the inner casing is hoisted ashore, the soil in the inner casing is poured out, and the PHC pipe pile is poured out together with the soil. Clamp the outer casing with a pile clamp, and start the vibrating hammer to vibrate to pull out the outer casing.
请参阅图2、图3和图4，图5以及图6所示，本发明实施例提供了一种拔桩工具，包括外套管1和内套管2，外套管1的底端设有圆环3，圆环3的外周壁与外套管1的内周壁固定，内套管2置于外套管1的内腔，内套管2和外套管1的顶端使用同一夹桩器夹紧时，内套管2的底面与圆环3的端面接触；内套管2的顶端设有吊耳5，吊耳5与打桩船的挂钩连接。Please refer to FIGS. 2 , 3 and 4 , as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a pile pulling tool, which includes an outer casing 1 and an inner casing 2 , and the bottom end of the outer casing 1 is provided with a circular Ring 3, the outer peripheral wall of the ring 3 is fixed with the inner peripheral wall of the outer casing 1, the inner casing 2 is placed in the inner cavity of the outer casing 1, and the top of the inner casing 2 and the outer casing 1 are clamped by the same pile clamp, The bottom surface of the inner casing 2 is in contact with the end face of the ring 3; the top end of the inner casing 2 is provided with a lifting lug 5, which is connected with the hook of the piling ship.
本发明采用双套管钻进的方式将PHC管桩周围土体进行削除，土体连同PHC管桩一同拔起。The invention adopts the method of double casing drilling to cut off the soil around the PHC pipe pile, and the soil body is pulled up together with the PHC pipe pile.
本发明实施例的外套管1采用外径1000mm，壁厚24mm的钢管加工而成，由2根长度为12m钢管焊接连接，连接处为满焊并用砂轮机进行打磨，在焊缝外侧均匀焊接4块加筋板。外套管1的底部用4cm厚的铁板切割成圆环与外套管1焊接，将铁环焊好后内套管2可以直接作用在铁环之上。The outer casing 1 of the embodiment of the present invention is made of a steel pipe with an outer diameter of 1000 mm and a wall thickness of 24 mm, and is welded and connected by two steel pipes with a length of 12 m. block stiffener. The bottom of the outer casing 1 is cut into a circular ring with a 4cm thick iron plate and welded to the outer casing 1. After the iron ring is welded, the inner casing 2 can directly act on the iron ring.
圆环在施工过程中一般不产生变化，如果土质过硬，会导致圆环变形至椭圆，变形量过大时，会引起圆环碰桩，需要修正或者重新加工圆环；具体先在底部焊接一个圆环，再在圆环外侧焊接加强铁片，最后将四周封闭。本发明实施例的内套管2采用外径908mm，壁厚24mm的钢管加工而成，由2根长度为12m钢管焊接连接，连接处为满焊并用砂轮机进行打磨。内外侧均需焊接。内套管2的内侧用烧焊两个吊耳5，尺寸为20cm*20cm*4cm。内外高管加工完成后，将内套管2套入外套管1中，保证内外钢管的底部和顶部均在同一平面。且保证内外套管1底部贴合，等沉桩时不可有土进入内外套管1之间。The ring generally does not change during the construction process. If the soil is too hard, the ring will be deformed to an ellipse. If the deformation is too large, the ring will hit the pile, and the ring needs to be corrected or reprocessed. Specifically, weld a ring at the bottom first. ring, and then weld a reinforcing iron sheet on the outside of the ring, and finally seal the surrounding area. The inner casing 2 of the embodiment of the present invention is made of a steel pipe with an outer diameter of 908 mm and a wall thickness of 24 mm, and is welded and connected by two steel pipes with a length of 12 m. Both inside and outside need to be welded. The inner side of the inner sleeve 2 is welded with two lifting ears 5, and the size is 20cm*20cm*4cm. After the inner and outer pipes are processed, insert the inner casing 2 into the outer casing 1 to ensure that the bottom and top of the inner and outer steel pipes are on the same plane. And ensure that the bottoms of the inner and outer casings 1 fit together, and no soil can enter between the inner and outer casings 1 during pile driving.
内套管2套入外套管1时，外套管1的内壁与内套管2的外壁之间具有间隙；外套管1的内壁上还绕周向均匀设置多个阻挡件4，每个阻挡件4均位于间隙处，阻挡件4确保在周向的任意位置、间隙值相等。阻挡件4设置在外套管1距离顶部5±3cm的同一平面内。优选阻挡件4为铁片，铁片的 宽度略小于间隙值；铁片的长度略大于间隙值。外套管1距离顶部5cm的同一平面内，均匀布置6块铁片，铁片的尺寸为5cm*5cm*2cm，可以保证内外套管1拼装后可以均匀分布。When the inner sleeve 2 is sleeved into the outer sleeve 1, there is a gap between the inner wall of the outer sleeve 1 and the outer wall of the inner sleeve 2; the inner wall of the outer sleeve 1 is also provided with a plurality of blocking members 4 evenly around the circumference, and each blocking member is 4 are all located at the gap, and the blocking member 4 ensures that the gap value is equal at any position in the circumferential direction. The blocking member 4 is arranged in the same plane 5±3 cm from the top of the outer sleeve 1 . Preferably, the blocking member 4 is an iron piece, and the width of the iron piece is slightly smaller than the gap value; the length of the iron piece is slightly larger than the gap value. In the same plane 5cm from the top of the outer casing 1, 6 iron pieces are evenly arranged, and the size of the iron pieces is 5cm*5cm*2cm, which can ensure that the inner and outer casings 1 can be evenly distributed after assembling.
本发明设置阻挡件4的目的，是保证内套管2和外套管1拼装后可以均匀分布。The purpose of providing the blocking member 4 in the present invention is to ensure that the inner sleeve 2 and the outer sleeve 1 can be evenly distributed after being assembled.
外套管1的底部内周壁与内套管2的底部外周壁贴合，以避免沉桩时杂物进入内套管2和外套管1之间。The bottom inner peripheral wall of the outer casing 1 is fitted with the bottom outer peripheral wall of the inner casing 2 to prevent debris from entering between the inner casing 2 and the outer casing 1 during pile driving.
具体的，内套管2的内径大于水上混凝土管桩的外径；水上混凝土管桩位于内套管2的内腔，内套管2将水上混凝土管桩连同其周围的泥土一并拔出。Specifically, the inner diameter of the inner casing 2 is larger than the outer diameter of the water-borne concrete pipe pile; the water-borne concrete pipe pile is located in the inner cavity of the inner casing 2, and the inner casing 2 pulls out the water-borne concrete pipe pile together with the surrounding soil.
优选地，圆环3与外套管1之间还设有多个加强肋，加强肋同时连接圆环3和外套管1，以实现圆环3与外套管1更可靠的连接。Preferably, a plurality of reinforcement ribs are further provided between the ring 3 and the outer sleeve 1 , and the reinforcement ribs connect the ring 3 and the outer sleeve 1 at the same time, so as to realize a more reliable connection between the ring 3 and the outer sleeve 1 .
在一些实施例中，外套管1的底端内径逐渐减小，外套管1的最小内径与外套管1的外径一致，以实现内套管2的底部外周壁与内套管2的底部外周壁贴合。外套管1由多根第一钢管沿长度方向焊接而成，相邻第一钢管的连接处满焊并在焊缝外侧固设加筋板。内套管2由多根第二钢管沿长度方向焊接而成，相邻第二钢管的连接处、内壁和外壁均满焊。In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the bottom end of the outer casing 1 is gradually reduced, and the minimum inner diameter of the outer casing 1 is consistent with the outer diameter of the outer casing 1, so as to realize the bottom outer peripheral wall of the inner casing 2 and the bottom outer circumference of the inner casing 2 Wall fit. The outer casing 1 is formed by welding a plurality of first steel pipes along the length direction, and the joints of the adjacent first steel pipes are fully welded and a stiffening plate is fixed outside the welding seam. The inner casing 2 is formed by welding a plurality of second steel pipes along the length direction, and the joints, inner walls and outer walls of adjacent second steel pipes are fully welded.
拔桩工具的施工工艺如下：The construction process of the pile pulling tool is as follows:
前期主备：首先由测量人员将码头的PHC管桩提前测量好斜度和扭角。打桩船配合180T的履带吊将内外套管1安装至一起，然后由打桩船将内外套管1一起吊至需要拔桩的PHC管桩处，根据测量员的指示，调整船的位置与角度与桩位完全吻合。Main and standby in the early stage: First, the surveyor will measure the slope and torsion angle of the PHC pipe piles of the wharf in advance. The piling boat cooperates with a 180T crawler crane to install the inner and outer casings 1 together, and then the piling boat lifts the inner and outer casings 1 together to the PHC pipe pile that needs to be pulled out. According to the surveyor's instructions, adjust the position and angle of the boat to match. The stakes are perfectly matched.
钢管桩施工：一切准备就绪后，用16Ton的液压冲击锤将内外套管1一起沉桩至现***头PHC管桩的底标高位置。Construction of steel pipe piles: After everything is ready, use a 16Ton hydraulic impact hammer to sink the inner and outer casings 1 together to the bottom elevation of the existing dock PHC pipe piles.
准备用振动锤沉桩沉桩：沉桩完成后，移开振动锤，用打桩船的吊钩将内套管2与PHC管桩一起吊出。然后用振动锤将外套管1拔出。Prepare to drive the pile with vibratory hammer: After the pile driving is completed, remove the vibratory hammer, and use the hook of the piling ship to lift out the inner casing 2 together with the PHC pipe pile. Then the outer casing 1 is pulled out with a vibrating hammer.
取出管桩：待内套管2与外套管1吊上岸后，用水将内套管2和PHC管 桩之间的泥清洗干净，将PHC管桩取出。然后重复上述步骤取出下一根PHC管桩。Take out the pipe pile: After the inner casing 2 and the outer casing 1 are lifted ashore, clean the mud between the inner casing 2 and the PHC pipe pile with water, and take out the PHC pipe pile. Then repeat the above steps to take out the next PHC pipe pile.
拔桩功效：拔桩工具，其施工进度为：1根/4小时。具体为套管定位20分钟,内外套管1下沉1小时，管桩拔除20分钟，内套管2与PHC管桩清洗2小时，外套管1拔出20分钟。该方法提高了拔桩成功率以及功效。Pile pulling effect: Pile pulling tool, its construction progress is: 1 / 4 hours. Specifically, the casing is positioned for 20 minutes, the inner and outer casings 1 sink for 1 hour, the pipe piles are removed for 20 minutes, the inner casing 2 and the PHC pipe piles are cleaned for 2 hours, and the outer casing 1 is pulled out for 20 minutes. The method improves the success rate and efficacy of pile pulling.
用水将内套管2和PHC管桩9之间的泥清洗干净，将PHC管桩取出，具体还可以采用如下措施，提高清洗速度：Clean the mud between the inner casing 2 and the PHC pipe pile 9 with water, and take out the PHC pipe pile. Specifically, the following measures can be taken to improve the cleaning speed:
为了提高清洗速度，参照图7所示，内套管2的内壁还装配有拔桩组件，每组拔桩组件包括水管6、气管7和防护件，防护件固设在套管1的内壁，防护件与套管1内壁之间形成空腔，水管6和气管7固设在空腔内，水管6和气管7沿套管1的轴向贯穿空腔；水管6和气管7均固设在内套管2的内壁。每组拔桩组件还包括喷嘴，喷嘴固设在水管6的底部。喷嘴的喷出口设置在其周壁上，流过水管6的水流在喷嘴90°转向后从喷出口喷出。喷嘴呈锥形，喷嘴的大端与水管6连接，喷嘴的小端开设喷出口。在使用时，本实施例将顶部每一根水管6与气管7用橡皮软管连接至水泵与空压机。In order to improve the cleaning speed, as shown in FIG. 7 , the inner wall of the inner casing 2 is also equipped with a pile pulling assembly, and each group of the pile pulling assembly includes a water pipe 6, an air pipe 7 and a guard, and the guard is fixed on the inner wall of the casing 1, A cavity is formed between the guard and the inner wall of the sleeve 1, the water pipe 6 and the air pipe 7 are fixed in the cavity, and the water pipe 6 and the air pipe 7 penetrate the cavity along the axial direction of the sleeve 1; the water pipe 6 and the air pipe 7 are fixed in the cavity. The inner wall of the inner sleeve 2. Each group of pile pulling assemblies also includes a nozzle, which is fixed at the bottom of the water pipe 6 . The ejection port of the nozzle is arranged on its peripheral wall, and the water flow flowing through the water pipe 6 is ejected from the ejection port after the nozzle is turned 90°. The nozzle is conical, the large end of the nozzle is connected with the water pipe 6, and the small end of the nozzle is provided with a spray outlet. In use, in this embodiment, each water pipe 6 and air pipe 7 at the top are connected to a water pump and an air compressor with a rubber hose.
进一步地，防护件由原先的角型接合板2改为
Figure PCTCN2021133600-appb-000001
的圆管8，将气管7底部伸入圆管8内，水管6与气管7分别焊接于圆管8两侧，与内套管2内壁满焊，并在连接处采用加筋板进行焊接加固，圆管8顶部采用钢板满焊密封。延长拔桩组件的使用寿命。 Further, the guard is changed from the original angle joint plate 2 to
Figure PCTCN2021133600-appb-000001
The circular pipe 8, the bottom of the gas pipe 7 is stretched into the circular pipe 8, the water pipe 6 and the gas pipe 7 are welded on both sides of the circular pipe 8 respectively, and the inner wall of the inner casing 2 is fully welded, and the reinforced plate is used for welding reinforcement at the connection. , the top of the round tube 8 is fully welded and sealed with steel plates. Extend the life of pile pulling components.
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, not each embodiment only includes an independent technical solution, and this description in the specification is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole , the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (18)

  1. 一种拔出水上混凝土管桩的施工方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：A construction method for pulling out concrete pipe piles on water, comprising the following steps:
    步骤一、由打桩船将拔桩工具吊至需要拔桩的一根PHC管桩位置，使拔桩工具的位置与所述一根PHC管桩的位置吻合；Step 1, the pile pulling tool is hoisted to the position of a PHC pipe pile that needs to pull out the pile by the piling ship, so that the position of the pile pulling tool is consistent with the position of the described one PHC pipe pile;
    步骤二、将拔桩工具沉桩至所述PHC管桩的底标高位置，并且拔桩工具依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力将内套管和PHC管桩一同吊起；Step 2, the pile pulling tool is driven to the bottom elevation position of the described PHC pipe pile, and the pile pulling tool relies on the friction force between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile to hoist the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile together;
    步骤三、用打桩船的吊钩将拔桩工具与PHC管桩一起吊上岸；Step 3. Use the hook of the piling ship to hoist the pile pulling tool and the PHC pipe pile to the shore;
    步骤四、取出PHC管桩；Step 4, take out the PHC pipe pile;
    步骤五、用振动锤将外套管拔出，吊上岸之后和内套管在次拼装，进行下一根桩的拔桩。Step 5. Use a vibrating hammer to pull out the outer casing, and then assemble the inner casing and pull out the next pile after hanging on the shore.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的拔出水上混凝土管桩的施工方法，其特征在于，所述步骤一具体为：The construction method of pulling out concrete pipe piles on water according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 1 is specifically:
    步骤1.1、测量PHC管桩，得到测量参数；Step 1.1, measure the PHC pipe pile to obtain the measurement parameters;
    步骤1.2、由打桩船将拔桩工具吊至需要拔桩的PHC管桩位置；Step 1.2. Lift the pile pulling tool to the position of the PHC pipe pile where the pile needs to be pulled out by the piling ship;
    步骤1.3、根据所述测量参数调整所述打桩船的位置，使拔桩工具的位置与所述PHC管桩的位置吻合。Step 1.3. Adjust the position of the pile driver according to the measurement parameters, so that the position of the pile pulling tool is consistent with the position of the PHC pipe pile.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的拔出水上混凝土管桩的施工方法，其特征在于，所述步骤1.1的测量参数，包括：水上混凝土管桩的斜度、水上混凝土管桩的扭角。The construction method for pulling out concrete pipe piles on water according to claim 2, wherein the measurement parameters in step 1.1 include the inclination of the concrete pipe piles on water and the torsion angle of the concrete pipe piles on water.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的拔出水上混凝土管桩的施工方法，其特征在于，所述步骤二中拔桩工具依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力将内套管和PHC管桩一同吊起，包括：The construction method of pulling out concrete pipe piles on water according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step 2, the pile pulling tool relies on the friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe piles to pull the inner casing and the PHC pipe piles. Lift together, including:
    PHC管桩位于拔桩工具内部；The PHC pipe pile is located inside the pile pulling tool;
    依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力将内套管和PHC管桩一同吊起。The inner casing and the PHC pipe pile are lifted together by the friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的拔出水上混凝土管桩的施工方法，其特征 在于，所述PHC管桩位于拔桩工具内部，包括：The construction method of pulling out concrete pipe piles on water according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described PHC pipe piles are located inside pile pulling tools, comprising:
    拔桩工具包括内套管和外套管；The pile pulling tool includes an inner casing and an outer casing;
    内套管和外套管内外套管先在安装完成拼装完成，再吊至PHC管桩上方；The inner casing and the outer casing and the inner and outer casings are assembled after the installation is completed, and then they are lifted to the top of the PHC pipe pile;
    内套管和外套管测量定位之后，用冲击锤将内套管和外套管一起沉桩至PHC管桩的底标高，此时PHC管桩在内套管的内部。After the inner casing and the outer casing are measured and positioned, use the impact hammer to drive the inner casing and the outer casing together to the bottom elevation of the PHC pipe pile. At this time, the PHC pipe pile is inside the inner casing.
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的拔出水上混凝土管桩的施工方法，其特征在于，所述拔桩工具依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力将内套管和PHC管桩一同吊起，包括：The construction method for pulling out concrete pipe piles on water according to claim 4, wherein the pile pulling tool hoists the inner casing and the PHC pipe piles together by means of friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe piles ,include:
    外套管的底面设置圆环，所述圆环是为了能让内套管和外套管在沉桩时没有土体进入，从而产生摩擦力；The bottom surface of the outer casing is provided with a circular ring, and the circular ring is used to prevent the soil from entering the inner casing and the outer casing when the pile is driven, thereby generating friction;
    PHC管桩位于内套管的内部；The PHC pipe pile is located inside the inner casing;
    依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力将内套管和PHC管桩一同吊起。The inner casing and the PHC pipe pile are lifted together by the friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的拔出水上混凝土管桩的施工方法，其特征在于，依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力将内套管和PHC管桩一同吊起，包括：The construction method of pulling out the concrete pipe pile on water according to claim 6, is characterized in that, relying on the friction force between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile, the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile are hoisted together, comprising:
    拔桩工具沉桩至所述PHC管桩的底标高位置时，内套管和外套管要略超过PHC管桩的底部；When the pile pulling tool drives the pile to the bottom elevation position of the PHC pipe pile, the inner casing and the outer casing should slightly exceed the bottom of the PHC pipe pile;
    当内外套管沉桩至PHC管桩底部，或者略超过PHC管桩底部时，依靠内套管和PHC管桩之间的摩擦力大于PHC管桩重量、内套管的重量、以及PHC管桩与内套管之间泥土的重量；将内套管和PHC管桩一起吊出，此时外套管不需要做任何移动。When the inner and outer casings are piled to the bottom of the PHC pipe pile, or slightly beyond the bottom of the PHC pipe pile, the friction between the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile is greater than the weight of the PHC pipe pile, the weight of the inner casing, and the PHC pipe pile. The weight of the soil between the inner casing and the inner casing; the inner casing and the PHC pipe pile are lifted together, and the outer casing does not need to be moved at this time.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的拔出水上混凝土管桩的施工方法，其特征在于，所述步骤三具体为：The construction method of pulling out concrete pipe piles on water according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 3 is specifically:
    先用打桩船的吊钩将内套管与PHC管桩一起吊出；First use the hook of the piling ship to lift out the inner casing together with the PHC pipe pile;
    然后用振动锤将外套管拔出。Then pull out the outer casing with a vibrating hammer.
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的拔出水上混凝土管桩的施工方法，其特征 在于，所述步骤二中采用冲击锤或振动锤将拔桩工具沉桩至所述PHC管桩的底标高位置。The construction method of pulling out concrete pipe piles on water according to claim 1, is characterized in that, adopts impact hammer or vibrating hammer in described step 2 to pile pulling tool piles to the bottom elevation position of described PHC pipe piles.
  10. 一种拔桩工具，其特征在于，包括外套管和内套管，所述外套管的底端设有圆环，所述圆环的外周壁与所述外套管的内周壁固定，所述内套管置于所述外套管的内腔，所述内套管的底面与所述圆环的端面接触；所述内套管的顶端设有吊耳，所述吊耳与打桩船的挂钩连接。A pile pulling tool is characterized in that it comprises an outer casing and an inner casing, the bottom end of the outer casing is provided with a circular ring, the outer peripheral wall of the circular ring is fixed with the inner peripheral wall of the outer casing, the inner casing is The sleeve is placed in the inner cavity of the outer sleeve, and the bottom surface of the inner sleeve is in contact with the end surface of the ring; the top of the inner sleeve is provided with a lifting lug, and the lifting lug is connected with the hook of the piling ship .
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的一种拔桩工具，其特征在于，所述内套管套入所述外套管时，所述外套管的内壁与所述内套管的外壁之间具有间隙；The pile pulling tool according to claim 10, wherein when the inner sleeve is sleeved into the outer sleeve, there is a gap between the inner wall of the outer sleeve and the outer wall of the inner sleeve;
    所述外套管的内壁上还绕周向均匀设置多个阻挡件，每个所述阻挡件均位于所述间隙处，所述阻挡件确保在周向的任意位置、所述间隙值相等。The inner wall of the outer sleeve is also provided with a plurality of blocking members evenly around the circumference, each of the blocking members is located at the gap, and the blocking members ensure that at any position in the circumferential direction, the value of the gap is equal.
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的一种拔桩工具，其特征在于，所述阻挡件为铁片，所述铁片的宽度略小于间隙值；所述铁片的长度略大于间隙值。The pile pulling tool according to claim 10, wherein the blocking member is an iron piece, the width of the iron piece is slightly smaller than the gap value, and the length of the iron piece is slightly larger than the gap value.
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的一种拔桩工具，其特征在于，所述阻挡件设置在所述外套管距离顶部5±3cm的同一平面内。The pile pulling tool according to claim 11, wherein the blocking member is arranged in the same plane 5±3 cm from the top of the outer casing.
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的一种拔桩工具，其特征在于，所述外套管的底部内周壁与所述内套管的底部外周壁贴合，以避免沉桩时杂物进入内套管和外套管之间。A pile pulling tool according to claim 10, wherein the bottom inner peripheral wall of the outer casing is in contact with the bottom outer peripheral wall of the inner casing to prevent debris from entering the inner casing and the inner casing when the pile is driven. between the outer casings.
  15. 根据权利要求10所述的一种拔桩工具，其特征在于，所述圆环与所述外套管之间还设有多个加强肋，所述加强肋同时连接所述圆环和所述外套管，以实现所述圆环与所述外套管更可靠的连接。The pile pulling tool according to claim 10, wherein a plurality of reinforcing ribs are further provided between the circular ring and the outer sleeve, and the reinforcing ribs connect the circular ring and the outer sleeve at the same time pipe to achieve a more reliable connection between the ring and the outer sleeve.
  16. 根据权利要求10所述的一种拔桩工具，其特征在于，所述外套管的底端内径逐渐减小，所述外套管的最小内径与所述外套管的外径一致，以实现所述外套管的底部内周壁与所述内套管的底部外周壁贴合。The pile pulling tool according to claim 10, wherein the inner diameter of the bottom end of the outer sleeve is gradually reduced, and the minimum inner diameter of the outer sleeve is consistent with the outer diameter of the outer sleeve, so as to realize the The bottom inner peripheral wall of the outer sleeve is in contact with the bottom outer peripheral wall of the inner sleeve.
  17. 根据权利要求10所述的一种拔桩工具，其特征在于，所述外套管由多根第一钢管沿长度方向焊接而成，相邻第一钢管的连接处满焊并在焊缝外侧固设加筋板。The pile pulling tool according to claim 10, wherein the outer casing is formed by welding a plurality of first steel pipes along the length direction, and the joints of the adjacent first steel pipes are fully welded and fixed on the outside of the welding seam. Set up stiffeners.
  18. 根据权利要求10所述的一种拔桩工具，其特征在于，所述内套管 由多根第二钢管沿长度方向焊接而成，相邻第二钢管的连接处、内壁和外壁均满焊。A pile pulling tool according to claim 10, wherein the inner casing is formed by welding a plurality of second steel pipes along the length direction, and the joints, inner walls and outer walls of adjacent second steel pipes are fully welded .
PCT/CN2021/133600 2020-12-01 2021-11-26 Construction method for pulling out concrete pipe pile on water and pile pulling-out tool WO2022116916A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202022860055.3U CN214033712U (en) 2020-12-01 2020-12-01 Pile pulling tool for water-washed pile pulling
CN202022860055.3 2020-12-01
CN202011388866.6A CN112900435A (en) 2020-12-01 2020-12-01 Construction method for pulling out concrete pipe pile on water
CN202011388866.6 2020-12-01
CN202022857907.3 2020-12-01
CN202022857907.3U CN214738055U (en) 2020-12-01 2020-12-01 Construction tool for pulling out concrete pipe pile on water

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002188145A (en) * 2000-12-22 2002-07-05 Sanwa Kizai Co Ltd Drawing casing for underground concrete pile
CN104196026A (en) * 2014-05-27 2014-12-10 天津二十冶建设有限公司 A method for pulling out underwater steel pipe piles for temporary projects of bridges
CN106869126A (en) * 2017-03-20 2017-06-20 大成科创基础建设股份有限公司 The quick green construction remove device on the waste and old basis in city
CN110747855A (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-02-04 中南大学 Method for removing ultra-long pile by adopting double sleeves
CN110747854A (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-02-04 中南大学 Double-sleeve pile pulling device for pulling out ultra-long pile in limited space
CN112900435A (en) * 2020-12-01 2021-06-04 中交第三航务工程局有限公司 Construction method for pulling out concrete pipe pile on water
CN214033712U (en) * 2020-12-01 2021-08-24 中交第三航务工程局有限公司 Pile pulling tool for water-washed pile pulling
CN214738055U (en) * 2020-12-01 2021-11-16 中交第三航务工程局有限公司 Construction tool for pulling out concrete pipe pile on water

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002188145A (en) * 2000-12-22 2002-07-05 Sanwa Kizai Co Ltd Drawing casing for underground concrete pile
CN104196026A (en) * 2014-05-27 2014-12-10 天津二十冶建设有限公司 A method for pulling out underwater steel pipe piles for temporary projects of bridges
CN106869126A (en) * 2017-03-20 2017-06-20 大成科创基础建设股份有限公司 The quick green construction remove device on the waste and old basis in city
CN110747855A (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-02-04 中南大学 Method for removing ultra-long pile by adopting double sleeves
CN110747854A (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-02-04 中南大学 Double-sleeve pile pulling device for pulling out ultra-long pile in limited space
CN112900435A (en) * 2020-12-01 2021-06-04 中交第三航务工程局有限公司 Construction method for pulling out concrete pipe pile on water
CN214033712U (en) * 2020-12-01 2021-08-24 中交第三航务工程局有限公司 Pile pulling tool for water-washed pile pulling
CN214738055U (en) * 2020-12-01 2021-11-16 中交第三航务工程局有限公司 Construction tool for pulling out concrete pipe pile on water

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