WO2022116876A1 - 切换耳机声道的方法、***及耳机终端 - Google Patents

切换耳机声道的方法、***及耳机终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022116876A1
WO2022116876A1 PCT/CN2021/132727 CN2021132727W WO2022116876A1 WO 2022116876 A1 WO2022116876 A1 WO 2022116876A1 CN 2021132727 W CN2021132727 W CN 2021132727W WO 2022116876 A1 WO2022116876 A1 WO 2022116876A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
earphone
feature information
channel
preset
signal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/132727
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴融融
宋贤高
平国力
鞠峥
郑勇
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP21899909.2A priority Critical patent/EP4236364A4/en
Publication of WO2022116876A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022116876A1/zh
Priority to US18/326,122 priority patent/US20230308806A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R5/00—Stereophonic arrangements
    • H04R5/04—Circuit arrangements, e.g. for selective connection of amplifier inputs/outputs to loudspeakers, for loudspeaker detection, or for adaptation of settings to personal preferences or hearing impairments
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R5/00—Stereophonic arrangements
    • H04R5/033—Headphones for stereophonic communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1041—Mechanical or electronic switches, or control elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S1/00—Two-channel systems
    • H04S1/007—Two-channel systems in which the audio signals are in digital form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1016—Earpieces of the intra-aural type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R3/12—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for distributing signals to two or more loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of earphones, and in particular, to a method, system and earphone terminal for switching earphone channels.
  • the stereo headphone has a left headphone and a right headphone, wherein the left headphone is fixed to output the left channel, and the right headphone is fixed to output the right channel.
  • the left headphone is fixed to output the left channel
  • the right headphone is fixed to output the right channel.
  • the left and right channels will be reversed, that is, the user's listening experience is likely to be opposite to the real sound environment of music and video.
  • the left and right channels are opposite, that is, the left ear receives the right channel audio and the right ear receives the left channel audio, the directional actions on the video screen and the matched audio will be different. On the contrary, it seriously reduces the user experience.
  • Chinese patent CN106254993B discloses a method and device for adaptive control of left and right channels of an earphone, wherein the method includes: a terminal receives a control signal sent by a target earphone, the target earphone includes a speaker and at least two pressure sensors, and controls The signal is generated when the pressure sensor of the target earphone detects the wearing position of the target earphone; the terminal determines the wearing position of the target earphone based on the control signal; the terminal detects whether the first channel circuit of the terminal connected to the target earphone is connected to the wearing position of the target earphone. Position matching; if not, switch the channel circuit of the terminal connected to the target earphone from the first channel circuit to the second channel circuit.
  • the embodiment of the present invention also discloses a corresponding device.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can realize that the user does not need to distinguish the left and right channels before wearing the earphone, that is, no matter how the earphone is worn, the obtained sound signals of the left and right channels are always correct, and the user's hearing effect is improved.
  • the disadvantage of this patent is that an additional sensor device (pressure sensor) is required to identify the wearing position, which is not conducive to the weight reduction and miniaturization of the product, and will affect the wearing comfort of the product. On the other hand, the pressure sensor does not ensure that the wearing difference between the left and right ears can be accurately recognized.
  • Chinese patent CN104080028B discloses an identification method, an electronic device and an earphone.
  • the method is applied to an electronic device, and the electronic device is connected to an earphone.
  • the method includes: when the earphone is worn on a user's ear When on, the electronic device obtains the first biometric information sent by the earphone and is used to characterize the first biometric of the ear; Correspondence between ear and right ear.
  • the electronic device can identify the correspondence between the first audio output unit and the second audio output unit of the earphone and the left ear and the right ear of the ear.
  • Chinese patent CN106358127A discloses a left and right channel switching method and a mobile terminal, which relate to the field of communication technology.
  • the method includes: receiving a control instruction sent by an earphone according to a detection result of at least one sensor, wherein the sensor is arranged on the outer surface of the earphone head of the earphone, and the detection result is used to know the earphone head of the earphone Whether it is worn to the ear canal corresponding to the earphone head; according to the control instruction, the mobile terminal is controlled to switch the left channel audio signal and the right channel audio signal. It solves the problems that the left and right channel audio signals cannot be automatically switched according to the wearing condition of the headset, the operation is cumbersome, and the user experience is poor.
  • This technology controls the mobile terminal to automatically switch the left and right channels according to the wearing condition of the earphones, without requiring the user to manually adjust the left and right earphone heads, reducing manual operations, thereby improving the user experience.
  • the disadvantage of this patent is that since the electrical impedance is not sensitive to the influence of wearing, it is difficult to reflect the difference in impedance due to different wearing methods (wearing on the left and right ears), so it is difficult to distinguish and identify the left and right ears.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a method, a system, and an earphone terminal for switching earphone channels, so as to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the user can only manually operate the earphones when switching the left and right earphones, which affects the convenience of using the earphones.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for switching earphone channels, and the method includes the following steps:
  • the left channel signal and the right channel signal are switched, and then the correct left and right channel signals are output.
  • the left earphone and the right earphone output the correct channel signal, so as to realize the need of no
  • the user can control the earphone terminal by operating the mobile terminal, and can adaptively switch the technical effect of the channel signals of the left earphone and the right earphone.
  • the following steps are further included:
  • the left channel feature information and the right channel feature information are preset.
  • the preset left channel feature information and right channel feature information are preset and determined, so that each earphone terminal has a determined standard for judging left and right channel signals when it leaves the factory.
  • the sounding device sends out a channel detection signal
  • the pickup device receives the channel detection signal
  • the following steps are further included:
  • the sounding device sends out a channel detection signal
  • the pickup device receives the channel detection signal
  • the sound pickup device processes the channel detection signal to obtain preset left channel feature information and right channel feature information;
  • the earphone can automatically detect the characteristic information of the left and right ears. If the characteristic information of the left and right ears is consistent with the characteristic information of the first wearing , it can be judged that it is worn correctly, otherwise, it will automatically switch the channel and then output the correct audio signal to the left and right ears.
  • the balance and sound quality of the output audio signals of the left and right earphones can be guaranteed.
  • the frequency bands of the preset left channel feature information and right channel feature information are 1-10 kHz.
  • the signal processing is Fourier Leaf transform or time domain algorithm transform.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a system for switching earphone channels, the system includes: a receiving unit, a processing unit, a comparison unit, a switching unit, and an output unit;
  • the receiving unit is used for receiving the channel detection signal from the sound generating device picked up by the sound pickup device in the earphone terminal;
  • the processing unit is used to perform signal processing on the received channel detection signal, and obtain the characteristic information of the left earphone and the characteristic information of the right earphone respectively;
  • the comparison unit is configured to compare the feature information of the left earphone with the preset left channel feature information, and compare the feature information of the right earphone with the preset right channel feature information to obtain a comparison result;
  • the switching unit is used for switching the left channel signal and the right channel signal when the comparison result is inconsistent;
  • the output unit is used for outputting correct left channel signal and right channel signal.
  • the system further includes a preset unit, and the preset unit is used to preset left channel feature information and right channel feature information.
  • the preset left channel feature information and right channel feature information are preset and determined by the preset unit, so that each earphone terminal has a definite standard for judging left and right channel signals when it leaves the factory.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an earphone terminal, including two earphones and the system for switching earphone channels according to any one of claims 6 to 8; the system is installed in the earphone.
  • the existing devices in the earphone can be used to accurately identify and judge the wearing condition of the left and right ears of the stereo earphone, and at the same time accurately send the left and right channel input audio signals, without the need for the user to manually replace the earphone, which greatly improves the stereo sound
  • the convenience of using the headset does not increase the hardware cost, and has a stable improvement effect, and the benefits are significant.
  • the earphone includes a front chamber portion and a body portion, the body portion being connected to the front chamber portion;
  • the front cavity part includes a front cavity and an earmuff, and the earmuff is sleeved outside the front cavity;
  • the main body part includes a casing, a front cover, a sound generating device, a sound pickup device and a processing device, the casing is connected with the front cavity, and the front cover is arranged at the connection between the casing and the front cavity and is connected to the front cavity.
  • the front end of the casing close to the front cavity is sealed, the sound generating device, the sound pickup device and the processing device are all installed in the cavity enclosed by the front cover of the casing, and the two The installation positions of the sound pickup device in the earphone are different, and the sound emission device and the sound pickup device are respectively electrically connected to the processing device.
  • the high frequency spectrum part of the characteristic information collected by the sound pickup device will be different due to the change of the load impedance of the front cavity part due to the different positions of the sound pickup device in the ear canal.
  • there must be a fixed frequency response difference between the left ear and the right ear to identify the left and right ears which can help the headset terminal to accurately identify and judge the wearing condition of the left and right ears of the headset, and accurately send the left and right channel signals without the need for the user to manually replace the headset. , which greatly improves the convenience of using the headset terminal.
  • the earphone has an outline that is symmetrical about a symmetrical plane, the sound pickup device is located on one side of the symmetrical plane of the earphone, and the sound pickup device is located between the symmetrical plane. The distance between them is at least 2 mm.
  • the high-frequency spectrum part of the feature information collected by the pickup device will be different due to the asymmetry of the pickup device, and different feature information will be obtained.
  • the basis for the right channel signal is the basis for the right channel signal.
  • the anterior cavity portion is asymmetric about the symmetry plane, and the anterior cavity portion has a volume of at least 0.2 cubic centimeters.
  • the front cavity part further comprises a tip, the tip extends from one side of the front cavity, and the outline of the tip is symmetrical about the symmetry plane.
  • the sound generating device, the sound pickup device and the processing device are connected in the working circuit of the earphone terminal, wherein the processing device is respectively connected with a power supply, a memory, a radio frequency A circuit, a Bluetooth module, a digital signal processor, a sensor and an input/output interface, the digital signal processor is connected to an audio circuit, and the sound producing device and the sound pickup device are connected to the audio circuit.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, including a program or an instruction, and when the program or the instruction is run on a computer, the method according to the first aspect is executed.
  • the method, system, and earphone terminal for switching earphone channels disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can accurately identify and judge the wearing conditions of the left and right ears of the earphone terminal, and at the same time accurately transmit the left and right channel input audio signals, without requiring the user to manually switch the left and right earphone terminals. channel, which greatly improves the convenience of using the earphone terminal.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an earphone terminal provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • FIG. 2 is an internal structure diagram of an earphone in the earphone terminal provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application and a schematic diagram of the state when inserted into the ear canal;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the earphone in the earphone terminal provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application, showing a situation where the sound pickup device is located on one side of the symmetry plane of the earphone;
  • FIG. 4 is a working circuit diagram of the earphone terminal provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an external structure of an earphone in the earphone terminal provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a system for switching earphone channels provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of steps of a method for switching earphone channels provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is the frequency spectrum characteristic diagram that the feedback microphone is used to judge the left and right ears in step Step 102 of the method for switching earphone channels provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application;
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a first method for acquiring preset left channel feature information and right channel feature information in the method for switching earphone channels provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application;
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a second method for acquiring preset left channel feature information and right channel feature information in the method for switching earphone channels provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • the headset terminal can be connected to various types of communication systems, such as: long term evolution (LTE) system, future fifth generation (5th Generation, 5G) system, new generation wireless access technology (new radio access technology) technology, NR), and future communication systems, such as 6G systems; it can also be wireless local area networks (WLAN), etc.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • 5G future fifth generation
  • 5G new generation wireless access technology
  • NR new radio access technology
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an earphone terminal disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • the earphone terminal has a left earphone 10 , a right earphone 20 , an earphone cable 30 and a transfer interface 40 . Since the shape, outline, external structure and internal structure of the left earphone 10 and the right earphone 20 are similar, only slightly different designs are made to adapt to the ear canal structure of the left ear and the right ear. Therefore, for the convenience of description, the earphone 10, The description of the external shape and internal structure of the 20 is applicable to the left earphone 10 and the right earphone 20, and if there are structural differences between the left earphone 10 and the right earphone 20, it will be clarified below.
  • the earphones 10 and 20 have a front cavity portion 100 inserted in the ear canal 50 and a main body portion 200 which is connected to the front cavity portion 100 and is located outside the ear canal 50 .
  • the front cavity portion 100 has a front cavity 101 and an ear cuff 102 .
  • the main body part 200 has a casing 201 , a front cover 202 , a sound generating device 203 , a sound pickup device 204 and a processing device 205 .
  • the earmuffs 102 are sheathed outside the front cavity 101 , and when the earphones 10 and 20 are inserted into the ear canal 50 , the earmuffs 102 stretch the ear wall and are stuck in the ear canal 50 .
  • the front cover 202 is disposed at the connection between the housing 201 and the front cavity 101 and seals the front end of the housing 201 close to the front cavity 101 .
  • the sound generating device 203 , the sound pickup device 204 and the processing device 205 are all installed in the cavity of the casing 201 enclosed by the front cover 202 , and the sound generating device 203 and the sound pickup device 204 are electrically connected to the processing device 205 respectively.
  • the sound generating device 203 is used for generating a channel detection signal.
  • the sound pickup device 204 is used to collect the channel detection signal.
  • the processing device is used for calculating and processing the channel detection signal.
  • the sound generating device 203 is a player; the sound pickup device 204 is a feedback microphone; the channel detection signal is a sound signal, which enters the ear canal 50 through the front cavity part 100 of the earphones 10 and 20 , and Can be picked up by a feedback microphone as the pickup device 204 .
  • the sound-emitting devices 203 of the two earphones 10 and 20 are selected from the There should be differences in the channel detection signals that are sent out and collected and processed by the sound pickup device 204. According to this difference, the processing device 205 can identify the wearing information of the left and right ears of the user by processing the channel detection signals, and the final output is correct. left and right channel signals.
  • the outlines of the two earphones 10 and 20 are generally symmetrical with respect to their symmetrical planes, which are represented by dotted lines in the figure, and most of their internal structures are also the same, such as the arrangement of the sounding device 203 and the processing device 205 .
  • the front cavity portion 100 is asymmetric about the symmetry plane, and the volume of the front cavity portion 100 is at least 0.2 cubic centimeters.
  • the installation positions of the sound pickup devices 204 are not the same.
  • the pickup device 204 is not on the symmetrical plane of the earphones 10 and 20, but is installed on one side of the symmetrical plane of the earphones 10 and 20 respectively.
  • the distance between the pickup device 204 and the symmetrical plane is at least 2 mm.
  • the high frequency spectrum will be different due to the asymmetry of the pickup device 202, and different feature information is obtained, which is used as the basis for identifying the left and right channel signals.
  • the earphones 10 and 20 are worn on the left ear and the right ear, due to the different positions of the pickup device 204 in the ear canal 50 , the high frequency spectrum part of the characteristic information collected by the pickup device 204 will be due to the load of the front cavity part 100 . difference due to changes in impedance. At this time, there must be a fixed difference in frequency response between the left ear and the right ear.
  • This difference in response is mainly caused by the difference in the installation position of the pickup device 204 itself, and will not change with the tightness of the wearing (ie, the amount of sound leakage).
  • the difference in frequency information is stable, and the difference can be used to identify the left and right ears, so it can help the earphone terminal to accurately identify and judge the wearing conditions of the left and right ears of the earphones 10 and 20, and at the same time accurately send the left and right channels. signal, the user does not need to manually replace the earphones 10 and 20, which greatly improves the convenience of using the earphone terminal.
  • the earphone terminal has a working circuit, and the sound generating device 203, the sound pickup device 204 and the processing device 205 are respectively connected in the working circuit, and the processing device 205 is respectively connected with a power supply, a memory, a radio frequency (RF, Radio Frequency) Circuit, Bluetooth module, digital signal processor (DSP, Digital Signal Process), sensor and input/output (I/O, Input/Output) interface, the digital signal processor is connected to the audio circuit, and the sounding device 203 is connected to the pickup device 204. on the audio circuit.
  • RF Radio Frequency
  • Bluetooth module wireless personal area network
  • DSP Digital Signal Process
  • I/O Input/Output
  • the I/O interface is used to connect the processing device 205 and the central processing unit (CPU) of the earphone terminal, the power supply supplies power to the processing device 205, and the memory is used to store data information, such as preset left channel feature information and right channel Feature information, the radio frequency circuit is used to output the radio frequency current used to generate the channel detection signal to the processing device 205, the Bluetooth module is used to provide the wireless transmission function, the sensor is used to sense the channel detection signal received by the processing device 205, the digital The signal processor is used to process and convert the radio frequency current modulated by the processing device 205 into a channel detection signal and transmit it to the sound generating device 203 through the audio circuit, and convert the channel detection signal received by the sound pickup device 204 transmitted through the audio circuit into a channel detection signal. The current is induced and transmitted to the processing device 205 .
  • the radio frequency circuit is used to output the radio frequency current used to generate the channel detection signal to the processing device 205
  • the Bluetooth module is used to provide the wireless transmission function
  • the sensor is
  • the earphone terminal of this embodiment can accurately identify and determine the wearing conditions of the left and right ears of the stereo earphones by using the existing sound-emitting device 203 and the sound-collecting device 204 . Accurately send the left and right channel input audio signals without the need for the user to manually replace the earphones, greatly improving the convenience of using the stereo earphones, without increasing the hardware cost, and having a stable improvement effect with significant benefits.
  • Embodiment 2 of the present application discloses an earphone terminal.
  • the earphone terminal of Embodiment 2 has substantially the same structure as the earphone terminal of Embodiment 1 above. The difference is that the front cavity part 100 of the earphone terminal of the second embodiment is of asymmetric structure.
  • the front cavity part 100 has a tip 103, the tip 103 extends from one side of the front cavity 101, and the outline of the tip 103 is symmetrical about a symmetrical plane, which is represented by a dotted line in the figure , the tip 103 is used to penetrate deep into the ear canal and couple with the ear canal when worn. It is precisely because of this asymmetric structure of the front cavity part 100 that when the same earphone is worn on the left and right ears, the front cavity part 100 of the earphone will be above or below, respectively, and the tip 103 will penetrate into the ear canal and the ear canal will be coupled. Different ear canal impedances.
  • the high-frequency spectrum collected by the sound pickup device 204 will be different due to the change of the load impedance of the front cavity part 100, and different characteristic information will be obtained, so as to identify the left and right channel signals. basis.
  • Embodiment 3 of the present application discloses a system for switching earphone channels.
  • the system is installed in the processing devices mentioned in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • the system is used to obtain the characteristic information generated in the process of sound transmission in the left ear and the right ear according to the received channel detection signal, and use the ear canal characteristics of the left ear and the right ear that the details of the ear canal are not completely consistent to distinguish Check whether the output signals in the left ear and the right ear are correct, so that when the output signals of the left earphone and the right earphone do not match, the signals of the two can be actively switched, so as to achieve the effect of outputting the correct channel signal.
  • the system includes a preset unit 1 , a receiving unit 2 , a processing unit 3 , a comparison unit 4 , a switching unit 5 and an output unit 6 .
  • the preset unit 1 is used to preset left channel feature information and right channel feature information.
  • the receiving unit 2 is used for receiving the channel detection signal from the sound generating device picked up by the sound pickup device in the earphone terminal.
  • the processing unit 3 is configured to perform Fourier transform on the received channel detection signal to obtain the characteristic information of the left earphone and the characteristic information of the right earphone respectively.
  • the comparison unit 4 is configured to compare the feature information of the left earphone with the preset feature information of the left channel, and compare the feature information of the right earphone with the preset feature information of the right channel to obtain a comparison result.
  • the switching unit 5 is used for switching the left channel signal and the right channel signal when the comparison result is inconsistent.
  • the output unit 6 is used to output the correct left channel signal and right channel signal.
  • the preset left channel feature information and right channel feature information are preset and determined by the preset unit, so that each earphone terminal has a determined left and right channel when it leaves the factory. channel signal standard. It can accurately identify and judge the wearing condition of the left and right ears of the earphone terminal, and at the same time accurately send the left and right channel input audio signals, without requiring the user to manually switch the left and right channels of the earphone terminal, which greatly improves the convenience of the earphone terminal.
  • a method for switching earphone channels provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • the method aims to solve the problems in the prior art that when distinguishing whether the channel information of the left ear and the right ear is correct, additional sensors are often required, which is not conducive to stacking and weight reduction, and the recognition accuracy is insufficient.
  • the method is executed by the system for switching earphone channels disclosed in Embodiment 3 of the present application, and the system is installed in the processing apparatuses in the earphone terminals disclosed in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present application.
  • the flow chart of the steps of the method is shown in Figure 7, which specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step 101 Preset left channel feature information and right channel feature information.
  • Step 102 Receive the channel detection signal from the sound generating device picked up by the sound pickup device in the earphone terminal.
  • Step 103 Perform signal processing on the received channel detection signal to obtain feature information of the left earphone and feature information of the right earphone respectively.
  • Step 104 Compare the feature information of the left earphone with the preset feature information of the left channel, and compare the feature information of the right earphone with the preset feature information of the right channel to obtain a comparison result. If the comparison result is consistent (ie, YES), step Step105 is executed; if the comparison result is inconsistent (ie, NO), step 106 is executed.
  • Step105 The left channel signal and the right channel signal are output normally.
  • Step106 Switch the left channel signal and the right channel signal.
  • Step 107 Perform equalization compensation (EQ, Equalizer) on the left channel signal and the right channel signal to be output respectively.
  • EQ equalization compensation
  • the comparison result is inconsistent, switch the left channel signal and the right channel signal.
  • the left and right channel signals to be output are the correct left and right channel signals.
  • Step108 Output the correct left and right channel signals.
  • the left and right channel signals of this output are usually equalized.
  • the method is based on the principle of the influence of the impedance characteristics of the ear canal-eardrum of the human ear on the acoustic characteristics of the in-ear headphones, to identify whether the left earphone and the right earphone output the correct channel signal, so as to realize the need for the user to operate the mobile terminal.
  • the headphone terminal can be controlled, and the technical effect of the channel signal of the left headphone and the right headphone can be adaptively switched.
  • the signal processing is Fourier transform or time domain algorithm transform.
  • the time-domain algorithm may be a time-domain algorithm such as Pearson correlation and time-lag cross-correlation
  • the preset feature information in Step 101 may be a preset feature spectrum or a preset time-domain feature.
  • the preset feature information of the left channel and the feature information of the right channel are the feature spectrum
  • the frequency band of the feature spectrum is 1-10 kHz.
  • the preset left channel feature information and right channel feature information are time domain features
  • the left and right channels are switched by comparing the detected feature information with the preset time domain features.
  • the following description uses the preset feature information as the feature spectrum.
  • the feedback microphones as the sound pickup device are arranged in different positions in the left earphone and the right earphone and are not arranged on the symmetrical plane of the earphones. Due to the difference in the structure of the front cavity of the left and right channels of the earphone itself, as well as the difference in the structure of the ear canal of the left and right ears, when the earphones equipped with the same player are worn in the left ear and the right ear, the feedback microphone receives The high frequency part (1 ⁇ 10kHz) in the spectrum curve will have a significant difference.
  • the processed feature information of the collected channel detection signal will be different due to the change of the load impedance of the front cavity part. Therefore, using this difference, the channel signal characteristic information of the left and right ears can be pre-tested in the design and development stage, and the characteristic information obtained by the actual test of the feedback microphone is compared with the preset characteristic spectrum. If they are the same, it is judged as It is normal to wear; if it is different, you need to switch the output signals of the left and right ears, and then output the correct left and right channel signals after switching.
  • Step 104 the left and right ears can be identified by using the difference feature, and then the left and right channel signals are switched when the obtained feature information does not match the preset feature information.
  • Step 107 is performed before the signal is output to perform equalization compensation, which can ensure the balance and sound quality of the output audio signals of the left and right earphones. Finally, the correct left and right channel signals are output.
  • the above method utilizes the fixed frequency response difference between the left and right ears caused by the different positions of the feedback microphone in the ear canal, and does not change with the tightness (leakage) of the wearing, so it can accurately identify and judge the wearing of the left and right ears of the earphone terminal.
  • the input audio signal of the left and right channels is accurately sent at the same time, and the user does not need to manually switch the earphone channel, which greatly improves the convenience of using the earphone.
  • the left channel feature information and the right channel feature information of Step 101 are pre-stored in the memory of the headset terminal in Embodiment 1 of the present application (see FIG. 4 ) for recall and comparison, and the following two methods can be used: process to obtain.
  • the first is to record the characteristic spectrum of the channel detection signal when the left and right ears are worn multiple times, fit all the recorded characteristic spectrum, and finally record it as the left channel characteristic information and the right channel characteristic information, as a comparison and identification The basis of the left and right ears.
  • the specific process is shown in Figure 9.
  • Step 1 Put the left earphone on the left ear and the right ear respectively, and put the right earphone on the left ear and the right ear respectively;
  • Step 2 The player sends out a channel detection signal
  • Step 3 The feedback microphone receives the channel detection signal
  • Step 4 Fourier transform is performed on the channel detection signal
  • Step 5 respectively obtain preset left channel feature information (LL and LR) and right channel feature information (RL and RR);
  • Step 6 Store preset left channel feature information (LL and LR) and right channel feature information (RL and RR).
  • the advantage of the first process is that relatively accurate left channel feature information and right channel feature information can be obtained as a reference basis, and a certain segment from 1 to 10 kHz is used as a spectrum identification feature. Spectral effect to ensure the balance and sound quality of the left and right ears.
  • the second is to record the channel detection signals of the left and right ears collected when the user wears the earphone terminal correctly for the first time, and the processed characteristic spectrum is recorded as the left channel characteristic information and the right channel characteristic information respectively.
  • the specific process is shown in Figure 10.
  • Step a remind the user to wear the left and right ears correctly for the first time
  • Step b The player sends out a channel detection signal
  • Step c the feedback microphone receives the channel detection signal
  • Step d the feedback microphone processes the channel detection signal to obtain preset left channel feature information and right channel feature information;
  • Step e Store preset left channel feature information and right channel feature information.
  • the preset left channel feature information and the preset right channel feature information are stored in the memory of the earphone terminal in Embodiment 1 of the present application (see FIG. 4 ).
  • the earphone itself (including the front cavity part and the position of the feedback microphone) can be designed in a perfectly symmetrical form.
  • Embodiment 5 of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, including a program or an instruction, and when the program or instruction is run on a computer, the method described in Embodiment 3 of the present application is executed.
  • the method, system, and earphone terminal for switching earphone channels disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can accurately identify and judge the wearing conditions of the left and right ears of the earphone terminal, and at the same time accurately transmit the left and right channel input audio signals, without requiring the user to manually switch the left and right earphone terminals. channel, which greatly improves the convenience of using the earphone terminal.
  • the above-mentioned embodiments it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof.
  • software it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be downloaded from a website site, computer, server, or data center Transmission to another website site, computer, server or data center by wire (eg coaxial cable, optical fiber, Digital Subscriber Line, DSL) or wireless (eg infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, a data center, or the like that includes an integration of one or more available media.
  • the available media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (eg, high-density digital video discs (DVD)), or semiconductor media (eg, solid state disks, SSD)) etc.

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种切换耳机声道的方法、***及耳机终端，能够精准识别判断耳机终端的左右耳佩戴情况，同时准确的发送左右声道输入音频信号，无需用户手动切换耳机终端的左右声道，大大的提升了耳机终端的使用便利性。

Description

切换耳机声道的方法、***及耳机终端
本申请要求于2020年12月01日提交中国专利局、申请号为202011387391.9、申请名称为“切换耳机声道的方法、***及耳机终端”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及耳机技术领域，尤其涉及一种切换耳机声道的方法、***及耳机终端。
背景技术
随着移动终端的普及，越来越多的人喜欢使用移动终端来收听音乐和观看视频，为了保证良好视听体验，很多用户会采用耳机来收听音频。为了提升耳机的收听体验，通过设计耳机的不同声道，可使用户听到立体感的音频。
立体声耳机具有左耳机和右耳机，其中左耳机固定输出左声道，右耳机固定输出右声道。现有技术中，由于在用户佩戴立体声耳机之前，需要人为的先区分左右耳机，甚至会出现左右耳机戴反的情况，严重影响耳机使用的便携性。在用户市场调研中，此特性是重要负向舆情。
事实上，当用户在收听立体声时，如果左右耳机戴反，会造成左右声道相反，即用户的收听体验很可能与音乐、视频的真实声音环境相反。尤其是在观看视频时，若左右声道相反，即左耳接收到的是右声道音频，右耳接收到的是左声道音频，视频屏幕上具有方向性的动作与所配合的音频将是相反的，严重降低用户体验感。
此外，用户只有在已经戴反并收听到音频时才会发现戴反，并且只能通过手动切换左右耳机来恢复正常左右声道，亦对使用便利性造成了很大的影响。
在现有技术中，中国专利CN106254993B公开了一种耳机左右声道自适应控制方法及装置，其中的方法包括：终端接收目标耳机发送的控制信号，目标耳机包括喇叭以及至少两个压力传感器，控制信号是目标耳机的压力传感器在检测到目标耳机的佩戴位置时产生的；终端基于控制信号判断目标耳机的佩戴位置；终端检测与目标耳机连接的终端的第一声道电路是否与目标耳机的佩戴位置匹配；若不匹配，将与目标耳机连接的终端的声道电路由第一声道电路切换至第二声道电路。本发明实施例还公开了相应的装置。本发明实施例提供的技术方案能够实现用户在佩戴耳机前无需区分左右声道，即无论怎样佩戴耳机，获得的左右声道的声音信号始终是正确的，提升用户听觉效果。该专利的缺点是需要额外增加传感器件(压力传感器)进行佩戴位置的识别，不利于产品的减重和小型化，会影响产品的佩戴舒适性。另一方面压力传感器并不能确保能够准确识别左右耳的佩戴差异。
在另外一个现有技术中，中国专利CN104080028B公开了一种识别方法、电子设备及耳机，该方法应用于一电子设备，电子设备与一耳机连接，该方法包括：当耳机佩戴于一用户的耳朵上时，电子设备获得耳机发送的用于表征耳朵的第一生物特征的 第一生物特征信息；基于第一生物特征信息，识别耳机的第一音频输出单元和第二音频输出单元与耳朵的左耳和右耳间的对应关系。通过该方法，电子设备能够识别耳机的第一音频输出单元和第二音频输出单元与耳朵的左耳和右耳间的对应关系。该专利的缺点亦是需要额外增加传感器件(温度、生物、图像传感器)进行佩戴位置的识别，不利于产品的减重和小型化，会影响产品的佩戴舒适性。另一方面温度、生物并不能确保能够准确识别左右耳的佩戴差异。
在另外一个现有技术中，中国专利CN106358127A公开了一种左右声道切换方法和移动终端，涉及通信技术领域。所述方法，包括：接收耳机根据至少一个传感器的检测结果发送的控制指令，其中，所述传感器设置于所述耳机的耳机头外表面，所述检测结果用于得知所述耳机的耳机头是否佩戴至所述耳机头对应的耳道；根据所述控制指令，控制移动终端切换左声道音频信号和右声道音频信号。解决了无法根据耳机的佩戴情况自动切换左右声道音频信号以及操作繁琐、用户体验差的问题。该技术控制移动终端自动根据耳机的佩戴情况切换左右声道，无需用户手动调节左右耳机头，减少手动操作，从而改善了用户的使用体验。该专利的缺点是由于电阻抗受佩戴影响不敏感，佩戴方式不同(左右耳佩戴)在阻抗上很难体现出差距，因此存在难以区分并识别出左右耳的情况。
发明内容
鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一种切换耳机声道的方法、***及耳机终端，用以解决现有技术中用户切换左右耳机时只能手动操作影响耳机使用便利性的技术问题。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种切换耳机声道的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
接收耳机终端中由拾音装置所拾取的来自发声装置的声道检测信号；
将接收到的所述声道检测信号作信号处理，分别获得左耳机的特征信息和右耳机的特征信息；
将所述左耳机的特征信息与预设的左声道特征信息对比，将所述右耳机的特征信息与预设的右声道特征信息对比，得到对比结果；
当所述对比结果为不符时，切换左声道信号和右声道信号后再输出正确的左右声道信号。
通过本实施例提供的方案，基于人耳的耳道-耳膜的阻抗特性对入耳式耳机的声学特性的影响的原理，来识别左耳机和右耳机是否输出了正确的声道信号，从而实现无需用户操作移动终端即可对耳机终端进行控制，能够自适应切换左耳机和右耳机的声道信号的技术效果。
在一种优选的实施方案中，在所述接收耳机终端中由拾音装置所拾取的来自发声装置的声道检测信号的步骤之前，还包括以下步骤：
预设左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息。
通过本实施例提供的方案，通过预设确定的预设左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息，使得每个耳机终端在出厂时就拥有确定的判定左右声道信号的标准。
在一种优选的实施方案中，在所述预设左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息的步骤 中，还包括以下步骤：
将左耳机分别佩戴至左耳和右耳，将右耳机分别佩戴至左耳和右耳；
发声装置发出声道检测信号；
拾音装置接收声道检测信号；
对声道检测信号作傅里叶变换；
分别得到预设的左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息；
存储预设的左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息。
通过本实施例提供的方案，能够得到作为参照依据来说较为准确的左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息，将1～10kHz的某一段作为频谱识别特征，在识别之后再通过均衡补偿中高频谱效应，保证左右耳的平衡和音质。
在一种优选的实施方案中，在所述预设左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息的步骤中，还包括以下步骤：
提醒用户首次正确佩戴左右耳；
发声装置发出声道检测信号；
拾音装置接收声道检测信号；
拾音装置处理声道检测信号得到预设的左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息；
存储预设的左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息。
通过本实施例提供的方案，在首次正确佩戴后，用户可以不用去特意区分左右耳，佩戴上去之后耳机可以自动检测左右耳的特征信息，如果左右耳的特征信息和初次佩戴时的特征信息一致，则可以判断是正确佩戴，否则，就自动切换声道后再输出给左右耳正确的音频信。
在一种优选的实施方案中，在输出左声道信号和右声道信号之前，还包括以下步骤：
对即将输出的左声道信号和右声道信号分别作均衡补偿。
通过本实施例提供的方案，能够保证输出后的左右耳机的音频信号的平衡和音质。
在一种优选的实施方案中，所述预设的左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息的频段为1～10kHz。
在一种优选的实施方案中，在所述将接收到的所述声道检测信号作信号处理，分别获得左耳机的特征信息和右耳机的特征信息的步骤中，所述信号处理为傅里叶变换或时域算法变换。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种切换耳机声道的***，所述***包括：接收单元、处理单元、对比单元、切换单元和输出单元；
所述接收单元用于接收耳机终端中由拾音装置所拾取的来自发声装置的声道检测信号；
所述处理单元用于将接收到的所述声道检测信号作信号处理，分别获得左耳机的特征信息和右耳机的特征信息；
所述对比单元用于将所述左耳机的特征信息与预设的左声道特征信息对比，将所述右耳机的特征信息与预设的右声道特征信息对比，得到对比结果；
所述切换单元用于当所述对比结果为不符时，切换左声道信号和右声道信号；
所述输出单元用于输出正确的左声道信号和右声道信号。
通过本实施例提供的方案，能够精准识别判断耳机终端的左右耳佩戴情况，同时准确的发送左右声道输入音频信号，无需用户手动切换耳机终端的左右声道，大大的提升了耳机终端的使用便利性。
在一种优选的实施方案中，所述***还包括预设单元，所述预设单元用于预设左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息。
通过本实施例提供的方案，通过预设单元预设确定的预设左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息，使得每个耳机终端在出厂时就拥有确定的判定左右声道信号的标准。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种耳机终端，包括两个耳机以及如权利要求6至8任一项所述的切换耳机声道的***；所述***安装在所述耳机中。
通过本实施例提供的方案，利用耳机内现有的器件，能够精准识别判断立体声耳机的左右耳佩戴情况，同时准确的发送左右声道输入音频信号，无需用户手动替换耳机，大大的提升了立体声耳机的使用便利性，不用增加硬件成本，且有稳定的改善效果，收益显著。
在一种优选的实施方案中，所述耳机包括前腔部分和主体部分，所述主体部分连接所述前腔部分；
所述前腔部分包括前腔和耳套，所述耳套套在所述前腔外；
所述主体部分包括外壳、前盖板、发声装置、拾音装置和处理装置，所述外壳与所述前腔连接，所述前盖板设置于所述外壳和所述前腔的连接处并将所述外壳靠近所述前腔的前端封住，所述发声装置、所述拾音装置和所述处理装置均安装在所述外壳被所述前盖板所封闭的腔体内，两个所述耳机内的所述拾音装置的安装位置不同，所述发声装置和所述拾音装置分别与所述处理装置电连接。
通过本实施例提供的方案，利用拾音装置在耳道中的位置不同，拾音装置所采集到的特征信息中高频频谱部分会由于前腔部分的负载阻抗的变化而产生差异。此时左耳和右耳必有固定的频率响应差异，来识别左右耳，能够帮助耳机终端精准识别判断耳机的左右耳佩戴情况，同时准确地发送左、右声道信号，无需用户手动替换耳机，大大的提升了耳机终端的使用便利性。
在一种优选的实施方案中，所述耳机具有关于一对称面对称的外形轮廓，所述拾音装置位于所述耳机的对称面的一侧，所述拾音装置与所述对称面之间的距离至少为2毫米。
通过本实施例提供的方案，左右耳佩戴时，拾音装置所采集到的特征信息中高频频谱部分会由于拾音装置的非对称性而产生差异，得到不同的特征信息，从而作为识别左、右声道信号的依据。
在一种优选的实施方案中，所述前腔部分关于所述对称面不对称，且所述前腔部分的体积至少为0.2立方厘米。
在一种优选的实施方案中，所述前腔部分还包括尖端，所述尖端自所述前腔的一侧延伸出，且所述尖端的外形轮廓关于所述对称面对称。
通过本实施例提供的方案，正是由于前腔部分的这种非对称结构，当同一个耳机佩戴在左右耳时，耳机的前腔部分会分别在上方或者下方，此时尖端深入耳道与耳道 耦合会产生不同的耳道阻抗。当左耳机和右耳机反戴时，拾音装置采集到的高频频谱会由于前腔部分的负载阻抗的变化而产生差异，得到不同的特征信息，从而作为识别左、右声道信号的依据。
在一种优选的实施方案中，所述发声装置、所述拾音装置和所述处理装置连接在所述耳机终端的工作电路中，其中，所述处理装置上分别连接有电源、存储器、射频电路、蓝牙模块、数字信号处理器、传感器以及输入/输出接口，所述数字信号处理器连接音频电路，所述发声装置和所述拾音装置连接在所述音频电路上。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，包括程序或指令，当所述程序或指令在计算机上运行时，如第一方面所述的方法被执行。
与现有技术相比，本技术方案至少具有如下有益效果：
本申请实施例所公开的切换耳机声道的方法、***及耳机终端，能够精准识别判断耳机终端的左右耳佩戴情况，同时准确的发送左右声道输入音频信号，无需用户手动切换耳机终端的左右声道，大大的提升了耳机终端的使用便利性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1是本申请实施例1所提供的耳机终端的结构示意图；
图2是本申请实施例1所提供的耳机终端中耳机的内部结构图以及***耳道时的状态示意图；
图3是本申请实施例1所提供的耳机终端中耳机的内部结构剖面图，显示了拾音装置位于耳机的对称面一侧的情形；
图4是本申请实施例1所提供的耳机终端的工作电路图；
图5是本申请实施例2所提供的耳机终端中耳机的外部结构示意图；
图6是本申请实施例3所提供的切换耳机声道的***的模块示意图；
图7是本申请实施例4所提供的切换耳机声道的方法的步骤示意图；
图8是本申请实施例4所提供的切换耳机声道的方法的步骤Step102中反馈式麦克风用来判断左右耳的频谱特征图；
图9是本申请实施例4所提供的切换耳机声道的方法中预设的左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息的第一种获取方法的流程图；
图10是本申请实施例4所提供的切换耳机声道的方法中预设的左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息的第二种获取方法的流程图。
附图标记：
10-左耳机；20-右耳机；30-耳机线；40-转接口；50-耳道；
100-前腔部分；101-前腔；102-耳套；103-尖端；
200-主体部分；201-外壳；202-前盖板；203-发声装置；204-拾音装置；205-处理装置。
具体实施方式
为了更好的理解本申请的技术方案，下面结合附图对本申请实施例进行详细描述。
应当明确，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
以下描述耳机终端和耳机终端的实现方法的实施例，其中，该耳机终端可以是头戴式耳机、包耳式耳机、入耳式耳机、耳塞式耳机、真无线立体声(TWS，True Wireless Stereo)耳机等，也可以为有线立体声耳机等。该耳机终端可以接入各种类型的通信***中，例如：长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)***，未来的第五代(5th Generation，5G)***，新一代无线接入技术(new radio access technology，NR)，及未来的通信***，如6G***；还可以是无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)等。
实施例1
如图1所示的是本申请实施例1公开了一种耳机终端的示意图。
该耳机终端具有左耳机10、右耳机20、耳机线30及转接口40，该耳机线30的一端分别连接左耳机10和右耳机20，该耳机线30的另一端连接转接口40。由于左耳机10和右耳机20的形状轮廓、外部结构和内部结构均相似，仅为了适应左耳和右耳的耳道结构进行了具有微小差异的设计，故为方便说明，下文针对耳机10、20的外部形状和内部结构的描述适用于左耳机10和右耳机20，若左耳机10和右耳机20存在结构差异之处，则会在下文中阐明。
参见图2和图3，耳机10、20具有前腔部分100和主体部分200，该前腔部分100插在耳道50中，该主体部分200连接前腔部分100并位于耳道50外部。具体来说，前腔部分100具有前腔101和耳套102。主体部分200具有外壳201、前盖板202、发声装置203、拾音装置204及处理装置205。耳套102套在前腔101外，且当耳机10、20伸入耳道50时，耳套102撑开耳壁并卡在耳道50中。前盖板202设置于外壳201与前腔101的连接处并将外壳201靠近前腔101的前端封住。发声装置203、拾音装置204和处理装置205均安装在前盖板202所封闭的外壳201的腔体内，发声装置203和拾音装置204分别与处理装置205电连接。发声装置203用于发出声道检测信号。拾音装置204用于采集该声道检测信号。处理装置用于对声道检测信号进行计算和处理。其中，发声装置203为一种播放器；拾音装置204为一种反馈式麦克风；该声道检测信号是一种声音信号，通过耳机10、20的前腔部分100进入耳道50中，且能够被作为拾音装置204的反馈式麦克风所采集到。
为了使得耳机终端能够自主识别左耳机10和右耳机20与声道信号的匹配情况以及自动切换左耳机10和右耳机20的声道信号，则从两个耳机10、20的发声装置203中所发出的、经拾音装置204所采集并处理的声道检测信号应当存在差异，处理装置205根据这个差异，通过对声道检测信号进行处理就能辨别出用户左右耳的佩戴信息，最终输出正确的左声道信号和右声道信号。
参见图3，两个耳机10、20的外形轮廓大体关于其对称面对称，该对称面在图中用虚线表示，而其内部结构大部分也相同，比如发声装置203和处理装置205的布置， 但前腔部分100关于该对称面不对称，且该前腔部分100的体积至少为0.2立方厘米。而为了获得表征不同侧耳道50的特征信息，拾音装置204的安装位置并不相同。拾音装置204不在耳机10、20的对称面上，而是分别安装在耳机10、20的对称面的一侧，拾音装置204与对称面之间的距离至少为2毫米，左右耳佩戴时，拾音装置202所采集到的特征信息中高频频谱部分会由于拾音装置202的非对称性而产生差异，得到不同的特征信息，从而作为识别左、右声道信号的依据。当耳机10、20戴在左耳和右耳时，由于拾音装置204在耳道50中的位置不同，拾音装置204所采集到的特征信息中高频频谱部分会由于前腔部分100的负载阻抗的变化而产生差异。此时左耳和右耳必有固定的频率响应差异，这个响应的差异主要是拾音装置204的安装位置本身的差异造成的，不会随着佩戴的松紧程度(即声音泄露量)而变化，这种频率信息的差异是稳定的，该差异是可以被利用起来识别左右耳的，所以能够帮助耳机终端精准识别判断耳机10、20的左右耳佩戴情况，同时准确地发送左、右声道信号，无需用户手动替换耳机10、20，大大的提升了耳机终端的使用便利性。
参见图4，该耳机终端内具有工作电路，发声装置203、拾音装置204和处理装置205分别连接在该工作电路中，处理装置205上分别连接有电源、存储器、射频(RF，Radio Frequency)电路、蓝牙模块、数字信号处理器(DSP，Digital Signal Process)、传感器以及输入/输出(I/O，Input/Output)接口，数字信号处理器连接音频电路，发声装置203和拾音装置204连接在音频电路上。其中，I/O接口用于连接处理装置205和耳机终端的中央处理器(CPU)，电源给处理装置205供电，存储器用于存储数据信息，比如预设的左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息，射频电路用于向处理装置205输出用于产生声道检测信号的射频电流，蓝牙模块用于提供无线传输功能，传感器用于感测处理装置205所接收到的声道检测信号，数字信号处理器用于将处理装置205调制的射频电流进行处理转化成声道检测信号并通过音频电路传输给发声装置203，将经过音频电路传输过来的拾音装置204所接收的声道检测信号转化成感应电流并传输给处理装置205。
相比于现有技术增加额外的传感器来判断耳机佩戴的位置信息，本实施例的耳机终端利用现有的发声装置203和拾音装置204，能够精准识别判断立体声耳机的左右耳佩戴情况，同时准确的发送左右声道输入音频信号，无需用户手动替换耳机，大大的提升了立体声耳机的使用便利性，不用增加硬件成本，且有稳定的改善效果，收益显著。
实施例2
本申请实施例2公开了一种耳机终端，本实施例2的耳机终端与上述实施例1的耳机终端的结构大体相同。不同之处在于，本实施例2的耳机终端的前腔部分100为非对称结构。
参见图5，具体来说，前腔部分100具有一个尖端103，该尖端103自前腔101的一侧延伸出，且该尖端103外形轮廓关于对称面对称，该对称面在图中用虚线表示，该尖端103用于在佩戴时深入耳道与耳道耦合。正是由于前腔部分100的这种非对称结构，当同一个耳机佩戴在左右耳时，耳机的前腔部分100会分别在上方或者下方，此时尖端103深入耳道与耳道耦合会产生不同的耳道阻抗。当左耳机和右耳机反戴时， 拾音装置204采集到的高频频谱会由于前腔部分100的负载阻抗的变化而产生差异，得到不同的特征信息，从而作为识别左、右声道信号的依据。
实施例3
如图6所示的是本申请实施例3公开了一种切换耳机声道的***。该***就安装在本申请实施例1和实施例2中所提及的处理装置中。该***用于根据接收到的声道检测信号来获取左耳和右耳内声音传递过程中产生的特征信息，利用左耳和右耳的耳道细节不会完全一致的耳道特性，来辨别出左耳和右耳内所输出信号是否正确，以在左耳机和右耳机的输出信号不匹配时能够主动切换两者的信号，以达到输出正确的声道信号的效果。
具体来说，该***包括预设单元1、接收单元2、处理单元3、对比单元4、切换单元5和输出单元6。
该预设单元1用于预设左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息。
该接收单元2用于接收耳机终端中由拾音装置所拾取的来自发声装置的声道检测信号。
该处理单元3用于将接收到的声道检测信号作傅里叶变换，分别获得左耳机的特征信息和右耳机的特征信息。
该对比单元4用于将左耳机的特征信息与预设的左声道特征信息对比，将右耳机的特征信息与预设的右声道特征信息对比，得到对比结果。
该切换单元5用于当对比结果为不符时，切换左声道信号和右声道信号。
该输出单元6用于输出正确的左声道信号和右声道信号。
本申请实施例3的切换耳机声道的***中，通过预设单元预设确定的预设左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息，使得每个耳机终端在出厂时就拥有确定的判定左右声道信号的标准。能够精准识别判断耳机终端的左右耳佩戴情况，同时准确的发送左右声道输入音频信号，无需用户手动切换耳机终端的左右声道，大大的提升了耳机终端的使用便利性。
实施例4
本申请实施例4所提供的一种切换耳机声道的方法。该方法旨在解决现有技术中在区分左耳和右耳的声道信息是否正确时往往需要额外设置传感器而产生的不利于堆叠和减重且识别准确性不够的问题。
该方法通过本申请实施例3所公开的切换耳机声道的***来执行，该***安装在本申请实施例1和实施例2所公开的耳机终端中的处理装置中。该方法的步骤流程图如图7所示，具体包括以下步骤：
Step101：预设左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息。
Step102：接收耳机终端中由拾音装置所拾取的来自发声装置的声道检测信号。
Step103：将接收到的声道检测信号作信号处理，分别获得左耳机的特征信息和右耳机的特征信息。
Step104：将左耳机的特征信息与预设的左声道特征信息对比，将右耳机的特征信息与预设的右声道特征信息对比，得到对比结果。若对比结果为相符(即YES)，则执行步骤Step105；若对比结果为不符(即NO)，则执行步骤Step106。
Step105：正常输出左声道信号和右声道信号。
Step106：切换左声道信号和右声道信号。
Step107：对即将输出的左声道信号和右声道信号分别作均衡补偿(EQ，Equalizer)。在对比结果为不符时，切换左声道信号和右声道信号。经过切换操作后，即将输出的左右声道信号，已为正确的左右声道信号。
Step108：输出正确的左右声道信号。该输出的左右声道信号通常是经过均衡补偿的。
该方法是基于人耳的耳道-耳膜的阻抗特性对入耳式耳机的声学特性的影响的原理，来识别左耳机和右耳机是否输出了正确的声道信号，从而实现无需用户操作移动终端即可对耳机终端进行控制，能够自适应切换左耳机和右耳机的声道信号的技术效果。
在步骤Step103中，信号处理为傅里叶变换或时域算法变换。其中，时域算法可以是皮尔逊相关、时间滞后互相关等时域算法，步骤Step101中预设的特征信息可为预设的特征频谱，也可以为预设的时域特征。预设的左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息为特征频谱时，其特征频谱的频段为1～10kHz。预设的左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息为时域特征时，通过将检测得的特征信息与预设的时域特征进行比对，来进行左右声道的切换。下文采用预设的特征信息为特征频谱进行说明。
当耳机终端采用本申请实施例1所公开的结构，即作为拾音装置的反馈式麦克风在左耳机和右耳机中设置在不同的位置且不设置在耳机的对称面上。由于耳机本身左右声道的前腔部分的结构不同，以及左右耳的耳道结构也具有差异性，当配有同样播放器的耳机佩戴在左耳和右耳中时，反馈式麦克风接收到的频谱曲线中的高频部分(1～10kHz)会有显著的差异。此外，由于左耳机中的反馈式麦克风和右耳机中的反馈式麦克风的位置差异，其采集到的声道检测信号经过处理后的特征信息会由于前腔部分的负载阻抗的变化而产生差异。因此，利用此差异，在设计开发阶段即可对左右耳的声道信号特征信息做预先测试，利用反馈式麦克风实际测试得到的特征信息和预设的特征频谱进行对比，若相同，则判断为佩戴正常；若不同，则需要切换左右耳的输出信号，切换之后再输出正确的左右声道信号。预先设置用于比较的左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息能够使得每个耳机终端在出厂时就拥有确定的判定左右声道信号的标准。参见图8可知，在圈A处的低频频谱受佩戴方式和泄露影响大、不稳定，在圈B处的1～10kHz时频谱会有明显的差异。因为中高频反映了人耳耳道的差异，以及麦克风摆放位置差异，此差异均能够作为左右耳佩戴的识别特征。通过步骤Step104，利用这个差异特征就能够识别出左右耳，进而在得到的特征信息与预设的特征信息不符合时，将左右声道信号切换。再在输出信号之前执行步骤Step107，进行均衡补偿，能够保证输出后的左右耳机的音频信号的平衡和音质。最终输出正确的左右声道信号。
上述方法利用反馈式麦克风在耳道中的位置不同造成的左右耳有固定的频率响应差异，且不会随着佩戴的松紧程度(泄露量)而变化，所以能够精准识别判断耳机终端的左右耳佩戴情况，同时准确的发送左右声道输入音频信号，无需用户手动切换耳机声道，大大地提升了耳机的使用便利性。
在本实施例4的方法中，步骤Step101的左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息预存 在本申请实施例1的耳机终端的存储器(参见图4)中供调用和对比，可以通过以下两种流程来获得。
第一种是通过多次记录左右耳佩戴时的声道检测信号的特征频谱，对所记录的所有特征频谱进行拟合，最终记为左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息，作为对比识别左右耳的依据。具体流程如图9所示。
步骤1：将左耳机分别佩戴至左耳和右耳，将右耳机分别佩戴至左耳和右耳；
步骤2：播放器发出声道检测信号；
步骤3：反馈式麦克风接收声道检测信号；
步骤4：对声道检测信号作傅里叶变换；
步骤5：分别得到预设的左声道特征信息(LL和LR)和右声道特征信息(RL和RR)；
步骤6：存储预设的左声道特征信息(LL和LR)和右声道特征信息(RL和RR)。
该第一种流程的好处是能够得到作为参照依据来说较为准确的左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息，将1～10kHz的某一段作为频谱识别特征，在识别之后再通过均衡补偿中高频谱效应，保证左右耳的平衡和音质。
第二种是通过记录用户首次正确佩戴耳机终端时，所采集到的左右耳的声道检测信号，经处理所得的特征频谱，分别记为左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息。具体流程如图10所示。
步骤a：提醒用户首次正确佩戴左右耳；
步骤b：播放器发出声道检测信号；
步骤c：反馈式麦克风接收声道检测信号；
步骤d：反馈式麦克风处理声道检测信号得到预设的左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息；
步骤e：存储预设的左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息。
首先保证用户第一次左右耳是正确佩戴的，然后可以根据这次佩戴记录一组特征频谱，存储到耳机的特征数据库中。之后，用户可以不用去特意区分左右耳，佩戴上去之后耳机可以自动检测左右耳的特征信息。如果左右耳的特征信息和初次佩戴时的特征频谱一致，则可以判断是正确佩戴；否则，就自动切换声道后再输出给左右耳正确的音频信号。无论采用哪一种流程，预设的左声道特征信息和预设右声道特征信息均存储在本申请实施例1的耳机终端的存储器(参见图4)中。
采用本申请实施例4的切换耳机声道的方法，不需要进行预设特征频谱，而是根据用户自己首次的正确佩戴生成左右耳的特征频谱，因此准确度更高；同时，由于仅仅利用了左右耳耳道的差异，耳机本身(包括前腔部分、反馈式麦克风位置)可以设计成完美对称形式。
实施例5
本申请实施例5提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，包括程序或指令，当所述程序或指令在计算机上运行时，如本申请实施例3所述的方法被执行。
本申请实施例所公开的切换耳机声道的方法、***及耳机终端，能够精准识别判断耳机终端的左右耳佩戴情况，同时准确的发送左右声道输入音频信号，无需用户手 动切换耳机终端的左右声道，大大地提升了耳机终端的使用便利性。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(Digital Subscriber Line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，高密度数字视频光盘(Digital Video Disc，DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如，固态硬盘(Solid State Disk，SSD))等。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种切换耳机声道的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括以下步骤：
    接收耳机终端中由拾音装置所拾取的来自发声装置的声道检测信号；
    将接收到的所述声道检测信号作信号处理，分别获得左耳机的特征信息和右耳机的特征信息；
    将所述左耳机的特征信息与预设的左声道特征信息对比，将所述右耳机的特征信息与预设的右声道特征信息对比，得到对比结果；
    当所述对比结果为不符时，切换左声道信号和右声道信号后再输出正确的左右声道信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的切换耳机声道的方法，其特征在于，在所述接收耳机终端中由拾音装置所拾取的来自发声装置的声道检测信号的步骤之前，还包括以下步骤：
    预设左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的切换耳机声道的方法，其特征在于，在所述预设左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息的步骤中，还包括以下步骤：
    将左耳机分别佩戴至左耳和右耳，将右耳机分别佩戴至左耳和右耳；
    发声装置发出声道检测信号；
    拾音装置接收声道检测信号；
    分别得到预设的左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息；
    存储预设的左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的切换耳机声道的方法，其特征在于，在所述预设左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息的步骤中，还包括以下步骤：
    提醒用户首次正确佩戴左右耳；
    发声装置发出声道检测信号；
    拾音装置接收声道检测信号；
    拾音装置处理声道检测信号得到预设的左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息；
    存储预设的左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的切换耳机声道的方法，其特征在于，在输出左声道信号和右声道信号之前，还包括以下步骤：
    对即将输出的左声道信号和右声道信号分别作均衡补偿。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的切换耳机声道的方法，其特征在于，所述预设的左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息的频段为1～10kHz。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的切换耳机声道的方法，其特征在于，在所述将接收到的所述声道检测信号作信号处理，分别获得左耳机的特征信息和右耳机的特征信息的步骤中，所述信号处理为傅里叶变换或时域算法变换。
  8. 一种切换耳机声道的***，其特征在于，所述***包括：接收单元、处理单元、对比单元、切换单元和输出单元；
    所述接收单元用于接收耳机终端中由拾音装置所拾取的来自发声装置的声道检测信号；
    所述处理单元用于将接收到的所述声道检测信号作信号处理，分别获得左耳机的特征信息和右耳机的特征信息；
    所述对比单元用于将所述左耳机的特征信息与预设的左声道特征信息对比，将所述右耳机的特征信息与预设的右声道特征信息对比，得到对比结果；
    所述切换单元用于当所述对比结果为不符时，切换左声道信号和右声道信号；
    所述输出单元用于输出正确的左声道信号和右声道信号。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的切换耳机声道的***，其特征在于，所述***还包括预设单元，所述预设单元用于预设左声道特征信息和右声道特征信息。
  10. 一种耳机终端，其特征在于，包括两个耳机以及如权利要求7至8任一项所述的切换耳机声道的***；所述***安装在所述耳机中。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的耳机终端，其特征在于，所述耳机包括前腔部分和主体部分，所述主体部分连接所述前腔部分；
    所述前腔部分包括前腔和耳套，所述耳套套在所述前腔外；
    所述主体部分包括外壳、前盖板、发声装置、拾音装置和处理装置，所述外壳与所述前腔连接，所述前盖板设置于所述外壳和所述前腔的连接处并将所述外壳靠近所述前腔的前端封住，所述发声装置、所述拾音装置和所述处理装置均安装在所述外壳被所述前盖板所封闭的腔体内，两个所述耳机内的所述拾音装置的安装位置不同，所述发声装置和所述拾音装置分别与所述处理装置电连接。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的耳机终端，其特征在于，所述耳机具有关于一对称面对称的外形轮廓，所述拾音装置位于所述耳机的对称面的一侧，所述拾音装置与所述对称面之间的距离至少为2毫米。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的耳机终端，其特征在于，所述前腔部分关于所述对称面不对称，且所述前腔部分的体积至少为0.2立方厘米。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的耳机终端，其特征在于，所述前腔部分还包括尖端，所述尖端自所述前腔的一侧延伸出，且所述尖端的外形轮廓关于所述对称面对称。
  15. 根据权利要求11所述的耳机终端，其特征在于，所述发声装置、所述拾音装置和所述处理装置连接在所述耳机终端的工作电路中，其中，所述处理装置上分别连接有电源、存储器、射频电路、蓝牙模块、数字信号处理器、传感器以及输入/输出接口，所述数字信号处理器连接音频电路，所述发声装置和所述拾音装置连接在所述音频电路上。
  16. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括程序或指令，当所述程序或指令在计算机上运行时，如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法被执行。
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