WO2022111064A1 - 电子设备 - Google Patents

电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022111064A1
WO2022111064A1 PCT/CN2021/122642 CN2021122642W WO2022111064A1 WO 2022111064 A1 WO2022111064 A1 WO 2022111064A1 CN 2021122642 W CN2021122642 W CN 2021122642W WO 2022111064 A1 WO2022111064 A1 WO 2022111064A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radiator
area
circuit board
electronic device
circuit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/122642
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
路宝
Original Assignee
Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202022836036.7U external-priority patent/CN214203955U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202011379059.8A external-priority patent/CN112542678A/zh
Application filed by Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 filed Critical Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
Publication of WO2022111064A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022111064A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of mobile communication technologies, and in particular, to an electronic device with an antenna device.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including a circuit board and an antenna device, where the antenna device is disposed on one side of the circuit board; the antenna device includes a radiator and a feeding point disposed on the radiator.
  • the circuit board is provided with a circuit area and a vacant area.
  • the circuit area is used for arranging circuit wiring.
  • the circuit area is provided with a feeding terminal.
  • the feeding terminal is electrically connected to the feeding point and is used to feed the excitation current through the feeding point. into the radiator, the excitation current forms a strong current area on the radiator, and the vacant area is opposite to the strong current area.
  • the circuit area surrounds at least a portion of the outer edge of the void area; the void area is configured so that the current of the circuit area flows to a side away from the void area.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides another electronic device, including a casing, a circuit board, and an antenna device;
  • the casing includes a bearing portion and a frame surrounding the bearing portion, the antenna device is integrated in the frame, and the bearing portion is used to carry the circuit board;
  • the antenna includes a radiator and a feeding point arranged on the radiator;
  • the circuit board is provided with a circuit area and a vacant area, the circuit area is used for arranging circuit wiring, and the circuit area is provided with a feeding terminal, which is electrically connected to the feeding point.
  • the excitation current forms a strong current area on the radiator;
  • the circuit area surrounds at least part of the outer edge of the vacant area;
  • the vacant area is the vacant part of the circuit board, And set relative to the strong current area.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides another electronic device, including a circuit board and an antenna device; the antenna device is arranged on one side of the circuit board; the antenna device includes a radiator and a feeding point arranged on the radiator; the circuit board includes a In the circuit area where the circuit traces are arranged, the circuit area is provided with a feeding terminal, the feeding terminal is electrically connected with the feeding point, and is used to feed the excitation current to the feeding point through the feeding point a radiator, on which the excitation current forms a strong current area; the circuit board is provided with a notch facing the radiator, the notch is arranged opposite the strong current area, and the circuit area surrounds the radiator At least part of the outer edge of the notch, the projection of the radiator in the width direction of the circuit board is at least partially located in the notch.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit board and an antenna device of the electronic device shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circuit board and the antenna device shown in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 4 is another schematic structural diagram of the circuit board and the antenna device of the electronic device shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 5 is a simulation schematic diagram of the near-field electric field distribution of the circuit board and the antenna device shown in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 6 is another structural schematic diagram of the circuit board and the antenna device of the electronic device shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 7 is another structural schematic diagram of the circuit board and the antenna device of the electronic device shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the electronic device shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 9 is an exploded schematic diagram of a partial structure of the electronic device shown in FIG. 1 .
  • Electric equipment as used in the embodiments of this application includes, but is not limited to, is configured to connect via a wired line (eg, via a public switched telephone network (PSTN), digital subscriber line (DSL), digital cable, direct cable connection, and/or another data connection/network) and/or via (eg, for cellular networks, wireless local area networks (WLAN), digital television networks such as DVB-H networks, satellite networks, AM-FM broadcast transmitters, and/or A device for receiving/transmitting communication signals through a wireless interface of another communication terminal.
  • a communication terminal arranged to communicate over a wireless interface may be referred to as a "wireless communication terminal", “wireless terminal”, “electronic device” and/or “electronic device”.
  • Examples of electronic devices include, but are not limited to, satellite or cellular telephones; Personal Communication System (PCS) terminals that may combine cellular radio telephones with data processing, facsimile, and data communication capabilities; may include radio telephones, pagers, Internet/Intranet access , Web browsers, notepads, calendars, and/or PDAs with global positioning system (GPS) receivers; and conventional laptop and/or palmtop receivers, game consoles, or other electronic devices including radiotelephone transceivers.
  • PCS Personal Communication System
  • Electromagnetic wave energy absorption ratio (SAR, Specific Absorption Rate) is usually called absorption ratio or absorption ratio, which refers to the electromagnetic wave energy absorption ratio of electronic equipment.
  • SAR Specific Absorption Rate
  • absorption ratio or absorption ratio refers to the electromagnetic wave energy absorption ratio of electronic equipment.
  • the specific meaning is: Under the action of the external electromagnetic field, an induced electromagnetic field will be generated in the human body. Since each organ of the human body is a lossy medium, the electromagnetic field in the body will generate an induced current, which will cause the human body to absorb and dissipate electromagnetic energy. In biological dosimetry SAR is often used to characterize this physical process.
  • the meaning of SAR is the electromagnetic power absorbed or consumed by a unit mass of human tissue, in W/kg, or mw/g.
  • Ei is the effective value of the electric field intensity in the cell tissue, expressed in V/m;
  • ⁇ is the electrical conductivity of human tissue, expressed in S/m
  • ⁇ is the density of human tissue, expressed in kg/m 3 .
  • SAR in human tissue is proportional to the square of the electric field strength in that tissue, and is determined by the parameters of the incident electromagnetic field (such as frequency, strength, direction, and source of the electromagnetic field), the relative position of the target, and the typical tissue of the exposed human body. Genetic traits, terrestrial effects, and environmental effects of exposure are determined. At present, many countries and regions have established safety standards for human exposure to electromagnetic waves. For example, in the international standard, the European standard is less than 2.0w/kg per 10 grams, and the American standard is less than 1.6mw/g per gram.
  • the commonly used methods to reduce the SAR value mainly include the following: (1) Directly reduce the transmission power of the antenna to reduce the absorption of electromagnetic waves by the human body, but it is difficult to reduce the transmission power of the antenna to meet the requirements of TRP, and the TRP is too low.
  • the position of the antenna in the electronic equipment is set away from the user's head to reduce the absorption of electromagnetic waves by the human body, but the current development trend of electronic equipment is thickness Thinner and thinner, the antenna space is getting smaller and smaller, and it is difficult to ensure the distance between the antenna and the user's head;
  • Attach a wave-absorbing material near the antenna to reduce the absorption of electromagnetic waves by the human body, but due to the structure of the electronic device
  • the space near the antenna limited by the design is extremely small, it is difficult to attach the wave material, and the cost of the wave absorbing material is also high. It can be seen that, up to now, there is still no better solution that can not only reduce the SAR of the antenna, but also reliably guarantee its TRP.
  • the inventors of the present application found after a large number of repeated studies that the SAR value corresponding to the antenna of the current electronic device is relatively large, mainly because the excitation current will form a strong current region on the radiator, and the corresponding The current on the main board of the electronic device will generate a current peak value.
  • the current peak value on the main board and the current peak value on the antenna radiator lead to a large SAR value corresponding to the antenna.
  • the inventor proposes the electronic device of the present application.
  • the electronic device includes a circuit board and an antenna device, the antenna device is arranged on one side of the circuit board; the antenna device includes a radiator and a feeding point arranged on the radiator.
  • the circuit board is provided with a circuit area and a vacant area.
  • the circuit area is used for arranging circuit wiring.
  • the circuit area is provided with a feeding terminal.
  • the feeding terminal is electrically connected to the feeding point and is used to feed the excitation current through the feeding point. into the radiator, the excitation current forms a strong current region on the radiator, and the vacant region is opposite to the strong current region.
  • the circuit area surrounds at least part of the outer edge of the vacant area; the vacant area is a vacant part of the circuit board, and the vacant area is configured so that the current of the circuit area flows to the side away from the vacant area.
  • the antenna device includes a radiator and a feeding point disposed on the radiator, the feeding point is used to feed the excitation current to the radiator, and the excitation current forms a strong current region on the radiator.
  • the circuit board is provided with a vacant area, the vacant area is opposite to the strong current area of the radiator, so that the current on the circuit board is offset due to the existence of the vacant area, avoiding the electric field of the current on the circuit board and the strong current area of the radiator.
  • the superposition of the electric field of the current inside the circuit board can improve the electric field distribution around the circuit board, so that the SAR hot spot of the antenna device is scattered, and the SAR value of the antenna device is lower.
  • the vacant area can be set on the side of the circuit board that is usually close to the user (such as on the edge of the circuit board), so that the current on the radiator is biased towards the circuit board
  • the inner space of the solid part of the antenna device can offset the current concentration point between the antenna device and the circuit board to a certain extent, which improves the electric field distribution of the antenna device and the circuit board as a whole, and the SAR hot spot of the antenna device is shifted accordingly.
  • the SAR value of the antenna device can be reduced.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device 400 .
  • the electronic device 400 may be, but is not limited to, a mobile terminal such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, and a smart watch, or a wearable device.
  • the electronic device 400 of the present embodiment will be described by taking a mobile phone as an example.
  • the electronic device 400 includes a circuit board 200 and an antenna device 100 , and the antenna device 100 is disposed on one side of the circuit board 200 .
  • the antenna device 100 includes an antenna body 10 and a feed 30 connected to the antenna body 10 .
  • the antenna body 10 is used for receiving and transmitting signals, and the feed source 30 is used for feeding a current signal into the antenna body 10 so that the antenna body 10 can resonate to transmit signals.
  • the feed 30 is connected to the circuit board 200 and can be controlled by the circuit board 200 .
  • the electronic device 400 may further include a housing 1001 and a display screen 1003 disposed on the housing 1001 , and the antenna device 100 may be integrated on the housing 1001 to make the space layout of the electronic device 400 more compact.
  • the terms "upper”, “lower”, etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only to simplify the description for the convenience of describing the present application, and It is not indicated or implied that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present application.
  • the antenna body 10 includes a radiator 12 and a feeding point 14 .
  • the feeding point 14 is used to feed the excitation current to the radiator 12, and the excitation current forms a strong current region on the radiator. surrounding current density.
  • the antenna body 10 transmits a signal, the current enters the radiator 12 from the feed source 30 via the feed point 14, and a strong current area is formed near the feed point 14, and the strong current area includes the point with strong current (the current density is higher than that of the current density). large point), so there will be a SAR hot spot at the feed point 14 of the radiator 12.
  • the antenna body may further include a ground point 16 disposed on the radiator 12 .
  • the radiator 12 converts the electromagnetic wave signal into an electric current, and the current flows back through the ground point 16 .
  • a strong current region is also formed near the ground point 16 , so there is also a SAR hot spot at the ground point 16 .
  • the presence of these SAR hotspots, especially when the SAR hotspots are located close to the user, can adversely affect the body of the user using the antenna device.
  • the circuit board 200 of the embodiment of the present application is provided with a blank area 22 , and the blank area 22 is the part of the circuit board 200 from which the material is removed, so that the circuit board 200 A gap or through hole is formed on the circuit board 200 in order to improve the electric field distribution of the circuit board 200.
  • the vacant area 22 is arranged opposite to the strong current area on the radiator 12, so that the current of the circuit board 200 can meet the strong current area of the radiator 12 relatively, thereby The SAR hot spot of the antenna device 100 is shifted.
  • the vacant area 22 can be disposed on the side of the circuit board 200 that is usually closer to the user (eg, on the edge of the circuit board 200 ), so that the circuit board 200 is The current is biased towards the solid part of the circuit board 200, which can shift the current concentration point of the circuit board 200 to a certain extent, thereby changing the electric field distribution around the antenna device 100, and the SAR hot spot of the antenna device 100 is shifted accordingly. Therefore, the SAR value of the antenna device 100 can be reduced.
  • the void area 22 may be disposed adjacent to the grounding point 16 (for example, at least part of the void area 22 is disposed opposite to the grounding point 16 ); in other embodiments, the void area 22 is also It may be positioned adjacent to the feed point 14 (eg, at least a portion of the void region 22 is positioned opposite the feed point 14).
  • the circuit board 200 is provided with a circuit area 24 that surrounds at least a portion of the outer edge of the void area 22 , so that the void area 22 can be configured to allow the current of the circuit area 24 to flow to a location remote from the void area 22 . side.
  • the circuit area 24 is used for arranging circuit wiring.
  • the circuit area 24 is provided with a feed end 201 and a ground end 202.
  • the feed end 201 is electrically connected to the feed point 14, and the feed source 30 is provided at the feed end 201 and the feed point. 14 , the ground terminal 202 is electrically connected to the ground point 16 .
  • the structure and shape of the vacant region 22 are not limited, and it may be a through hole structure of any shape or a notch structure of any shape opened on the circuit board 200 .
  • the void area 22 may be defined by the physical boundary of the circuit board 200 , or may be jointly defined by the physical boundary of the circuit board 200 and a reasonable extension of the physical boundary.
  • the circuit board 200 is substantially rectangular, which may be a PCB circuit board of 100mm*50mm*1mm.
  • the circuit board 200 may include a first side 223 , a second side 225 , a third side 227 and a fourth side 229 .
  • the first side 223 and the second side 225 are arranged opposite to each other, and the third side 227 and the fourth side 229 are arranged opposite to each other.
  • the third side 227 and the fourth side 229 are both connected between the first side 223 and the second side 225, the first side 223, the second side 225, the third side 227 and the fourth side 229 together form the physical outline of circuit board 200 .
  • the radiator 12 is disposed on one side of the second side 225 and is spaced from the second side 225 to ensure that the radiator 12 has a sufficient clearance area.
  • the vacant area 22 is defined by the second side 225 , and the vacant area 22 is disposed on one side of the second side 225 of the radiator 22 so that the current intensity point near the second side 225 faces the circuit area 24 , so as to change the electric field distribution around the circuit board 200 , so that the SAR hot spots of the antenna device 100 are shifted and dispersed accordingly, so that the SAR value of the antenna device 100 can be reduced.
  • the vacant region 22 is a notch structure formed on the radiator 12 , which is substantially a rectangular notch.
  • the notch penetrates the side of the circuit board 200 facing the radiator 12 .
  • at least part of the vacant area 22 is opposite to the feeding point 14 , so that there is a certain distance between the current on the circuit board 200 and the feeding point 14 , which is beneficial to disperse the current near the feeding point 14 Therefore, the SAR value of the antenna device 100 is effectively reduced.
  • At least part of the vacant area 22 may also be opposite to the ground point 16 , so that there is a certain distance between the current on the circuit board 200 and the ground point 16 , which is beneficial to The strong current points near the ground point 14 are dispersed, thereby further reducing the SAR value of the antenna device 100 .
  • the contour projection of the void area 22 can cover the feeding point 14 and the grounding point 16 . That is, the projection of the feeding point 14 and the grounding point 16 along the width direction of the circuit board 200 falls into the vacant area 22 , and the width direction of the circuit board 200 is the opposite direction of X in FIG. 4 .
  • the projection of the radiator 12 along the width direction of the circuit board 200 is located in the void area 22 .
  • the vacant area 22 can also be opposite to the radiation ends 121 and 122 of the radiator 12.
  • the outline of the vacant area 22 can be projected to cover the radiation ends 121 and 122 of the radiator 12. 122. That is, the vacant area 22 is opposite to the radiation ends 121 and 122 of the radiator, and the projections of the radiation ends 121 and 122 along the width direction of the circuit board 200 fall into the vacant area 22 .
  • the projected portion of the radiator 12 along the width direction of the circuit board 200 falls into the void area 22 .
  • the size of the vacant region 22 (which can be understood as the length dimension of the vacant region 22 ) may be set to be greater than or equal to 10 mm and Less than or equal to 30mm, specifically can be set to 10m, 12mm, 14mm, 15mm, 18mm, 20mm, 22mm, 24mm, 25mm, 28mm, 30mm and so on.
  • the direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the radiation end of the radiator 12 (X direction in FIG.
  • the size of the vacant region 22 (which can be understood as the width dimension of the vacant region 22 ) can be set to be greater than or equal to 1 mm and Less than or equal to 3mm, it can be specifically set to 1.0m, 1.2mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.8mm, 2.0mm, 2.2mm, 2.4mm, 2.5mm, 2.8mm, 3.0mm and so on.
  • the area of the hollowed-out portion on the circuit board 200 can be limited to meet the preset requirements, so as to prevent the circuit board 200 from being hollowed out too large to affect its structural stability. Avoiding that the hollowed-out area is too small has a small effect on the offset of the current strong point.
  • the structural strength and loading area of the circuit board 200 can be ensured, and the SAR of the antenna device 100 can be improved.
  • the hot spot is shifted.
  • the antenna device 100 When the antenna device 100 is applied to a specific electronic device, the antenna device 100 can be set so that the shifted SAR hot spot is far away from the user, thereby reducing the adverse effect of the antenna device 100 on the human body.
  • the “length” in the terms such as “length dimension”, “length” and “length direction” refers to the radiator 12 , which should be understood as the radiation end of the radiator 12
  • the extending direction (for example, the direction from the feeding point 14 to the radiating end 121, which may also be referred to as the extending direction of the radiating end of the radiator 12), and in terms such as “width dimension”, “width”, “width direction”, etc.
  • the "width” should be understood as a direction generally perpendicular to the length.
  • the antenna device 100 may further include a matching circuit module 50 , and the matching circuit module 50 is connected between the feeding source 30 and the feeding point 14 .
  • the matching circuit module 50 is used to assist the tuning of the antenna body 10. By adjusting the impedance of each frequency band through the matching circuit module 50, the frequency band can have a better matching output, which can avoid the resonant frequency of the antenna device 100 from shifting, thereby ensuring that the antenna device 100 has higher radiation performance.
  • the matching circuit 30 may specifically include a PI-type matching circuit, a T-type matching circuit, or the like.
  • the vacant area 22 is the part of the circuit board 200 from which the material is removed, so that a gap or a through hole is formed on the circuit board 200, so as to improve the The electric field distribution around the circuit board 200 thus shifts the SAR hot spot of the antenna device 100 .
  • the vacant area 22 may be disposed on the side of the circuit board 200 that is usually close to the user (eg, disposed on the edge of the circuit board 200 ), so that the The current is biased to the inner space of the solid part of the circuit board 200, which can offset the current concentration point of the antenna device 100 and the circuit board 200 to a certain extent, and improve the electric field distribution of the antenna device 100 and the circuit board 200 as a whole.
  • the SAR hot spots of the device 100 are shifted and dispersed accordingly, so that the SAR value of the antenna device 100 can be reduced.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the simulation of the near-field electric field distribution of the conventional antenna and the antenna device 100 and the circuit board 200 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the radiated electric field strength and the corresponding SAR peak value at GHZ where the dotted line range A and dotted line range B show areas with strong electric field strength.
  • the circuit board does not have a vacant area.
  • the extreme value of the electric field intensity and the electric field distribution range are obviously larger, which correspond to The peak value of the SAR value is 2.4525W/kg; and the figure (b) in FIG. 5 shows that in the electronic device provided by the present application, the circuit board 20 is provided with a vacancy area 22.
  • the electric field strength is The extreme value and the electric field distribution range are relatively small, and the corresponding peak value of the SAR value is 1.87623W/kg.
  • the peak value of the SAR value is reduced by about 23%. It can be seen that the antenna device 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application has a lower SAR value.
  • the electronic device 400 provided by the embodiment of the present application utilizes the improved structure of the circuit board 200 to enable the antenna device 100 to have a lower SAR value, it is not necessary to modify the structure of the antenna device 100 .
  • the antenna efficiency of the antenna device 100 provided by the embodiment of the application does not change greatly (even it does not change, and the antenna efficiency is maintained). Therefore, the electronic device 400 can make the current intensity point common to the circuit board 200 and the antenna device 100 be shifted and dispersed in a desired direction by opening the vacant area 22 on the circuit board 200, thereby improving the electric field distribution around the antenna device 100 and maximizing the electric field While the radiation intensity is relatively low, the average value of the overall radiation does not decrease, and the antenna device 100 still has high radiation efficiency.
  • the shape of the vacant region 22 is not limited to the shape provided in the above embodiment.
  • the vacant region 22 is substantially in the shape of a triangular notch and penetrates the side of the circuit board 200 facing the radiator 12 .
  • the contour projection of the void area 22 at least covers the feeding point 14, so as to shift the current intensity point at the feeding point 14 to a desired direction. That is, the projection of the feeding point 14 along the width direction of the circuit board 200 falls into the vacant area 22 .
  • the vacant area 22 may be a notch of other shapes, such as a circle, a bar, an irregular shape, etc., which will not be described in detail in this specification.
  • the vacant regions 22 may also be in the shape of through holes.
  • the void area 22 may be a through hole opened in the circuit board 200 , the through hole penetrates two opposite surfaces of the circuit board 200 and is located on the side of the circuit board 200 close to the radiator.
  • the through hole may be disposed adjacent to at least one of the feed point 14 and the ground point 16, and the shape of the through hole may be a triangle, a rectangle, a circle, an ellipse, a polygonal hole or other irregular holes, etc.
  • the vacant area 22 is a through-hole structure
  • the circuit board 200 can be divided into at least two parts, so the current of the circuit board 200 can be shunted, the electric field distribution around the circuit board 200 can be changed, and the SAR hot spot of the antenna device 100 can also be changed. The offset occurs, making the overall SAR value of the antenna device 100 weak.
  • the circuit board 200 may have a blank area for wiring at a portion of the through hole close to the radiator 12 . It is not necessary to arrange metal wiring on the blank area of the wiring, so as to ensure that the antenna device 100 has a sufficient clearance area, and the structural strength of the circuit board 200 is high. Further, when the vacant area 22 is a through hole opened in the circuit board 200 , the circuit area 24 can be disposed on the side of the vacant area 22 away from the radiator 12 , rather than between the vacant area 22 and the radiator 12 .
  • the number of the vacant regions 22 on the circuit board 200 may be one or more, so as to facilitate the dispersion of the current of the circuit board 200 and the current intensity points on the radiator 12 , which can effectively change the surrounding area of the circuit board 200 .
  • Electric field distribution there may be two vacant areas 22 on the circuit board 200 , and the two vacant areas 22 are spaced apart from each other, one of the vacant areas 22 is opposite to the feeding point 14 , the other vacant area 22 may be opposite to the ground point 16 , or The radiation ends 121 and 122 of the radiator 12 are opposite to each other.
  • there may be three vacant areas 22 on the circuit board 200 and the three vacant areas 22 are arranged at intervals and opposite to the feed point 14 , the ground point 16 , and the radiation ends 121 and 122 of the radiator 12 respectively.
  • the circuit board is provided with a vacant area, and the vacant area is disposed adjacent to the radiator, so that the current on the circuit board near the radiator can be shifted, the electric field distribution around the antenna device can be improved, and the electric field can be improved.
  • the maximum radiation intensity is relatively low, and the antenna device can have a high radiation efficiency.
  • the electronic device 400 may further include a coupling metal sheet 70 , and the coupling metal sheet 70 is disposed in the vacant region 22 and is spaced apart from the radiator 12 . There is no electrical connection between the coupling metal sheet 70 and the circuit region 24 and the radiator 12 . Further, the coupling metal sheet 70 is opposite to the radiator 12 , and a predetermined gap is provided between the coupling metal sheet 70 and the radiator 12 , so that the coupling metal sheet 12 can be configured to couple with the radiator 12 . It is understood that the coupling metal sheet 70 is opposed to at least part or all of the structure of the radiator 12 .
  • the width of the gap between the coupling metal sheet 70 and the radiator 12 is smaller than a quarter wavelength of the center frequency of the working frequency band of the antenna device 100 .
  • the coupling metal sheet 70 can be used to receive the signal of the radiator 12, and perform secondary radiation on the signal, that is, the received signal will be radiated again, so as to share the radiation hot spot of the radiator 12, and the concentration of the radiation of the radiator 12 will be reduced. , thereby reducing the overall SAR value of the antenna device 100 .
  • the shape of the coupling metal sheet 70 is not limited, and it can be a rectangular strip, or can be irregular, such as a long strip with special-shaped cuts, grooves, and protrusions.
  • the electronic device 400 may further include a functional module 80 , and the functional module 80 may be disposed in the vacant area 22 to rationally utilize the space of the vacant area 22 to make the internal space of the electronic device 400 more compact.
  • the electronic device 400 may further include an inductive module 90 , and the inductive module 90 is connected between the functional module 80 and the circuit board 200 .
  • the inductance module 90 is connected in series with the functional module 80 for weakening the mutual interference between the functional module 80 and the antenna device 100 .
  • using the inductance module 90 and the matching circuit module 50 for tuning can also weaken the mutual interference between the functional module 80 and the antenna device 100 .
  • the functional module 80 may include weak electromagnetic radiation elements such as microphones and sensors.
  • the casing 1001 includes a rear casing 1010 ( FIG. 1 ) and a middle frame 1011 , and the rear casing 1010 and the display screen 1003 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the middle frame 1011 .
  • the middle frame 1011 can be an integral molding structure, which can be structurally divided into a carrying portion 1012 and a frame 1013 surrounding the carrying portion 1012 .
  • “bearing part” and “frame” are only named and divided for the convenience of description, and the diagonal lines filled with the structure in the figure are for identification only, and do not represent the actual structure of the two. There is no obvious dividing line, and two or more components may be assembled together. The naming of "bearing part” and "frame” should not limit the structure of the middle frame 1011 .
  • the carrying portion 1012 is used to carry a part of the display screen 1003 , and can also be used to carry or install electronic components of the electronic device 200 such as the circuit board 200 , the battery 1006 , the sensor module 1007 , etc.
  • the frame 1013 is connected to the periphery of the carrying portion 1012 . Further, the frame 1013 is disposed around the outer periphery of the carrying portion 1012 and protrudes relative to the surface of the carrying portion 1012, so that the two together form a space for accommodating electronic components.
  • the display screen 1013 is covered on the frame 1013 , and the frame 1013 , the rear case 1010 and the display screen 1003 together form the appearance surface of the electronic device 400 .
  • the antenna device 100 is integrated in the casing 1001 .
  • the antenna device 100 may be disposed in the middle frame 1011 or in the rear casing 1010 , which is not limited in this specification.
  • the frame 1013 is made of metal, and the antenna device 100 is integrated in the frame 1013 .
  • the frame 1013 may be provided with a slot 1014 , the slot 1014 communicates with the outside world and divides the frame 1013 into two parts, and the antenna device 100 is integrated in one part of the frame 1013 .
  • the grounding point 16 and the feeding point 14 are both arranged on the frame 1013, and the feeding point 14 is arranged between the gap 1014 and the grounding point 16, so that the frame 1013 made of metal can be configured as the radiator 12 to emit or A signal is received, wherein the radiating end 121 of the radiator 12 is located on one side of the slot 1014 .
  • the metal frame 1013 as a part of the radiator of the antenna device 100 is beneficial to save space in the electronic device 400 , and also provides a larger clearance area for the antenna device 100 , which is beneficial to ensure higher radiation efficiency.
  • the vacant area 22 is disposed on the side of the circuit board 200 close to the frame 1013 . When the outline of the vacant area 22 is projected to the frame 1013 , the projection of the outline of the vacant area 22 covers the gap 1014 and the radiator 12 . At least part of the structure.
  • a gap is set between the part of the frame 1013 serving as the radiator 12 and the bearing part 1013 , and the gap is communicated with the gap 1014 , so that the radiator 12 and the bearing part 1012 are spaced from each other, that is, the frame 1013 has a gap , the radiator 12 and the bearing portion 1013 are respectively located on both sides of the gap, so as to prevent the bearing portion 1012 from affecting the resonance of the radiator 12 .
  • a non-shielding body may be provided in the slot 1014, and the non-shielding body is made of non-metal (such as resin, etc.), which has the characteristics of passing electromagnetic wave signals, so as to allow the antenna device 100 to perform signal transmission .
  • the outer surface of the non-shielding body is flush with the outer surface of the frame 1013 to ensure the integrity of the appearance of the electronic device 400 .
  • the circuit area 24 of the circuit board 200 is spaced from the frame 1013 , so that the circuit area 24 can be spaced from the radiator 12 , so that the current intensity point on the circuit board 200 is relatively far away from the radiator 12
  • the strong current point on the antenna device 100 is beneficial to reduce the SAR value of the antenna device 100 .
  • the circuit board 200 is disposed on the bearing portion 1012, and there is a certain distance between the edge of the circuit board 200 and the radiator 12, so as to ensure that the antenna device 100 has a large clearance area, and the current on the circuit board 200 is concentrated at the place
  • the SAR value of the antenna device 100 can also be reduced to a certain extent by dispersing as far as possible the current concentration on the antenna device 100 .
  • the distance between the circuit board 200 and the radiator 12 may be 1-5mm, for example, the distance between the circuit board 200 and the radiator may be 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, etc.
  • the frame 1013 may be made of non-metal, and the antenna device 10 may be integrated into the frame 1013 .
  • the frame 1013 can be made of plastic, resin or other materials, and the radiator 12 of the antenna device 10 can be integrated into the frame 1013 by insert molding (for example, the radiator 12 can be embedded in the frame 1013 as a whole), or can be attached to the frame 1013. It is integrated in the frame 1013 (eg, the radiator 12 is attached to the surface of the frame 1013 ).
  • the radiator 12 of the antenna device 100 is substantially in the shape of a sheet, which is disposed on the frame 1013 and is substantially perpendicular to the plane where the circuit board 100 is located.
  • the vacant area 22 is disposed on the side of the circuit board 200 close to the frame 1013 , so that the current on the circuit board 200 can be shifted to a direction relatively far from the frame 1013 , that is, the SAR hot spot of the antenna device 100 is dispersed to a direction relatively far from the frame 1013 . , the radiation effect of the antenna device 100 on the user can be further reduced.
  • the antenna device includes a radiator and a feeding point disposed on the radiator.
  • the feeding point is used to feed the excitation current into the radiator, and the excitation current forms a strong current area. Since the circuit board is provided with a vacant area, the vacant area is opposite to the strong current area of the radiator, so that the current on the circuit board is offset due to the existence of the vacant area, avoiding the electric field of the current on the circuit board and the strong current area of the radiator.
  • the superposition of the electric field of the current inside the circuit board can improve the electric field distribution around the circuit board, so that the SAR hot spot of the antenna device is scattered, and the SAR value of the antenna device is lower.
  • the vacant area can be set on the side of the radiator that is usually facing the user, so that the current on the radiator is biased to the solid part of the radiator, which can be to a certain extent.
  • the current concentration point of the antenna device is shifted, the electric field distribution of the antenna device is improved, and the SAR hot spot of the antenna device is shifted and dispersed accordingly, so the SAR value of the antenna device can be reduced.

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Abstract

本申请涉及一种电子设备。电子设备包括电路板以及天线装置，天线装置设置于电路板的一侧。天线装置包括辐射体以及设置于辐射体的馈电点。电路板设有电路区以及空缺区，电路区用于布置电路走线，电路区设有馈电端，馈电端与馈电点电性连接，并用于经由所述馈电点将激励电流馈入至所述辐射体，所述激励电流在所述辐射体上形成有强电流区域，空缺区与强电流区域相对设置。电路区环绕在空缺区的至少部分外缘；空缺区被配置为使电路区的电流流向远离空缺区的一侧。上述电子设备中，由于电路板设有空缺区，能够改善电路板周围的电场分布，使天线装置的SAR热点发生偏移分散，从而使天线装置的SAR值较低。

Description

电子设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2020年11月30日提交中国专利局的申请号为CN202011379059.8、名称为“电子设备”的中国专利申请，以及2020年11月30日提交中国专利局的申请号为CN202022836036.7、名称为“电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及移动通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种具有天线装置的电子设备。
背景技术
随着科技的发展进步，通信技术得到了飞速发展和长足的进步，而随着通信技术的提高，智能电子产品的普及提高到了一个前所未有的高度，越来越多的智能终端或电子设备成为人们生活中不可或缺的一部分，如智能手机、智能手环、智能手表、智能电视和电脑等。目前电子设备中通常设置通信天线，以满足用户的通信需求。随着人们对通信效率和种类的需求越来越高，目前电子设备中的天线的功率也越来越大，导致天线对人体的辐射作用也更大，这将对人体产生不利影响。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种电子设备，包括电路板以及天线装置，天线装置设置于电路板的一侧；天线装置包括辐射体以及设置于辐射体的馈电点。电路板设有电路区以及空缺区，电路区用于布置电路走线，电路区设有馈电端，馈电端与馈电点电性连接，并用于经由所述馈电点将激励电流馈入至所述辐射体，所述激励电流在所述辐射体上形成有强电流区域，空缺区与强电流区域相对设置。电路区环绕在空缺区的至少部分外缘；空缺区被配置为使电路区的电流流向远离空缺区的一侧。
本申请实施例提供了又一种电子设备，包括壳体、电路板以及天线装置；壳体包括承载 部和环绕于承载部的边框，天线装置集成于边框，承载部用于承载电路板；天线装置包括辐射体以及设置于辐射体的馈电点；电路板设有电路区以及空缺区，电路区用于布置电路走线，电路区设有馈电端，馈电端与馈电点电性连接，并用于经由馈电点将激励电流馈入至辐射体，激励电流在辐射体上形成有强电流区域；电路区环绕在空缺区的至少部分外缘；空缺区为电路板空缺的部位，并与强电流区域相对设置。
本申请实施例提供了另一种电子设备，包括电路板以及天线装置；天线装置设置于电路板的一侧；天线装置包括辐射体以及设置于辐射体的馈电点；所述电路板包括用于布置电路走线的电路区，所述电路区设有馈电端，所述馈电端与所述馈电点电性连接，并用于经由所述馈电点将激励电流馈入至所述辐射体，所述激励电流在所述辐射体上形成有强电流区域；所述电路板开设有朝向所述辐射体的缺口，所述缺口与所述强电流区域相对设置，所述电路区环绕在所述缺口的至少部分外缘，所述辐射体沿着电路板的宽度方向的投影至少部分位于所述缺口中。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明申请的技术方案，下面将对实施方式中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是申请的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请实施例提供的电子设备的示意图。
图2是图1所示电子设备的电路板和天线装置的一种结构示意图。
图3是图2所示电路板和天线装置的结构的示意图。
图4是图1所示电子设备的电路板和天线装置的另一种结构示意图。
图5是图2所示电路板和天线装置的近场电场分布的仿真示意图。
图6是图1所示电子设备的电路板和天线装置的再一种结构示意图。
图7是图1所示电子设备的电路板和天线装置的又一种结构示意图。
图8是图1所示电子设备的内部结构示意图。
图9是图1所示电子设备的局部结构分解示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
作为在本申请实施例中使用的“电子设备”包括，但不限于被设置成经由有线线路连接(如经由公共交换电话网络(PSTN)、数字用户线路(DSL)、数字电缆、直接电缆连接，以及/或另一数据连接/网络)和/或经由(例如，针对蜂窝网络、无线局域网(WLAN)、诸如DVB-H网络的数字电视网络、卫星网络、AM-FM广播发送器，以及/或另一通信终端的)无线接口接收/发送通信信号的装置。被设置成通过无线接口通信的通信终端可以被称为“无线通信终端”、“无线终端”、“电子装置”以及/或“电子设备”。电子设备的示例包括，但不限于卫星或蜂窝电话；可以组合蜂窝无线电电话与数据处理、传真以及数据通信能力的个人通信***(PCS)终端；可以包括无线电电话、寻呼机、因特网/内联网接入、Web浏览器、记事簿、日历以及/或全球定位***(GPS)接收器的PDA；以及常规膝上型和/或掌上型接收器、游戏机或包括无线电电话收发器的其它电子装置。
电磁波能量吸收比(SAR,Specific Absorption Rate)通常称为吸收比值或吸收比率，是指电子设备电磁波能量吸收比值。具体含义为：在外电磁场的作用下，人体内将产生感应电磁场，由于人体各器官均为有耗介质，因此体内的电磁场将产生感应电流，导致人体能吸收和耗散电磁能量，生物剂量学中常用SAR来表征这一物理过程。SAR的意义为单位质量的人体组织所吸收或消耗的电磁功率，单位为W/kg,或者mw/g。表达公式为：SAR＝σ|Ei| 2/2ρ，其中：
Ei为细胞组织中的电场强度有效值，以V/m表示；
σ为人体组织的电导率，以S/m表示；
ρ为人体组织密度，以kg/m 3表示。
人体组织中的SAR与该组织中的电场强度的平方成正比，并且由入射的电磁场的参数(如频率，强度，方向和电磁场的源)、目标物的相对位置、暴露的人体的典型组织的遗传特性、地面影响以及暴露的环境影响来确定。目前很多国家和地区都已经建立了人体暴露于电磁波环境下的安全标准，如国际通用的标准中，欧洲标准是每10克小于2.0w/kg，美国标准是每克小于1.6mw/g。
由于天线的总辐射功率(TRP，Total Radio Power)越强，由其引起的SAR值越大，SAR 与TRP之间形成相互制约的关系。这一相互制约的关系成了目前电子设备在保证高要求的发射功率条件下有低SAR值的难点。目前常用的降低SAR值的方法主要有以下几种：(1)直接降低天线的发射功率以降低人体对电磁波的吸收，但是降低天线的发射功率很难保证TRP的要求，TRP过低，通信质量也较低，通常无法满足市场上日益提高的通信要求；(2)将天线在电子设备中的位置设置在远离用户头部方向以降低人体对电磁波的吸收，但是目前电子设备的发展趋势是厚度越来越薄，导致天线空间却越来越小，很难保证与天线与用户头部的距离；(3)在天线附近贴附吸波材料以降低人体对电磁波的吸收，但是由于电子设备结构设计所限天线附近的空间极小，难以贴附波材料，且吸波材料的成本也较高。可见，截止目前，仍没有一种较好的方案可以既能降低天线的SAR，又能可靠的保证其TRP。
因此，针对上述问题，本申请发明人经过大量、反复的研究后发现，目前的电子设备的天线对应产生的SAR值较大，主要是因为激励电流会在辐射体上会形成强电流区域，相应在电子设备的主板上的电流就会产生电流峰值，主板上的电流峰值和天线辐射体上的电流峰值导致天线对应的SAR值较大。对此，发明人提出本申请的电子设备。该电子设备包括电路板以及天线装置，天线装置设置于电路板的一侧；天线装置包括辐射体以及设置于辐射体的馈电点。电路板设有电路区以及空缺区，电路区用于布置电路走线，电路区设有馈电端，馈电端与馈电点电性连接，并用于经由所述馈电点将激励电流馈入至所述辐射体，所述激励电流在所述辐射体上形成有强电流区域，空缺区与所述强电流区域相对设置。电路区环绕在空缺区的至少部分外缘；空缺区为电路板上空缺的部位，空缺区被配置为使电路区的电流流向远离空缺区的一侧。
在上述的电子设备中，其天线装置包括辐射体以及设置于辐射体的馈电点，馈电点用于将激励电流馈入至辐射体，激励电流在辐射体上形成有强电流区域。由于电路板设有空缺区，空缺区与辐射体的强电流区域相对，使电路板上的电流由于空缺区的存在而发生偏移，避免电路板上的电流的电场与辐射体的强电流区域内的电流的电场叠加，能够改善电路板周围的电场分布，从而使天线装置的SAR热点发生被分散，进而使天线装置的SAR值较低。在具体的应用实例中，当天线装置应用于电子设备时，空缺区可以设置于电路板上通常靠近用户的一侧(如设置于电路板的边缘)，使辐射体上的电流偏向于电路板的实体部分的内侧空间，可以在一定程度上使天线装置与电路板整体的电流集中点发生偏移，改善了天线装置和电路板整体的电场分布，天线装置的SAR热点随之偏移，因而能够降低天线装置的SAR值。
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
请参阅图1，本申请实施方式提供一种电子设备400，电子设备400可以为但不限于为手机、平板电脑、智能手表等移动终端或可穿戴设备。本实施方式的电子设备400以手机为例进行说明。
电子设备400包括电路板200以及天线装置100，天线装置100设置于电路板200的一侧。天线装置100包括天线本体10以及连接于天线本体10的馈源30。天线本体10用于接收以及发射信号，馈源30用于向天线本体10馈入电流信号，使天线本体10能够发生谐振以发射信号。馈源30连接至电路板200并可以受控于电路板200。
进一步地，电子设备400还可以包括壳体1001以及设置于壳体1001上的显示屏1003，天线装置100可以集成于壳体1001上，以使电子设备400的空间布局较为紧凑。在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”等指示方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请而简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位，以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
请参阅图2，在本实施例中，天线本体10包括辐射体12、馈电点14。馈电点14用于将激励电流馈入至辐射体12，激励电流在辐射体上形成有强电流区域，在本说明书中，“强电流区域”可以理解为在该区域中电流密度要大于其周边的电流密度。例如，天线本体10在发射信号时，电流由馈源30经由馈电点14进入辐射体12，会在馈电点14处附近形成强电流区域，强电流区域包括电流较强点(电流密度较大的点)，因此辐射体12的馈电点14处会存在SAR热点。在一些实施例中，天线本体还可以包括设置于辐射体12的接地点16，天线本体10在接收信号时，辐射体12将电磁波信号转换为电流，电流经由接地点16回流，辐射体12的接地点16处附近也会形成强电流区域，因此接地点16处也会存在SAR热点。这些SAR热点的存在，尤其是当SAR热点位于靠近用户的位置时，会对使用天线装置的用户的身体造成不利影响。
为了将辐射体12的SAR热点偏移以削弱其对用户的不利影响，本申请实施例的电路板200设有空缺区22，空缺区22为电路板200上去除材料的部分，使电路板200上形成缺口或通孔，以便于改善电路板200的电场分布，空缺区22与辐射体12上的强电流区域相对设置，能够使电路板200的电流相对相遇辐射体12的强电流区域，从而使天线装置100的SAR热 点发生偏移。在具体的应用实例中，当天线装置100应用于电子设备400时，空缺区22可以设置于电路板200上通常更靠近用户的一侧(如位于电路板200的边缘)，使电路板200上的电流偏向于电路板200的实体部分，可以在一定程度上使电路板200的电流集中点发生偏移，进而改变了天线装置100周围的电场分布状况，天线装置100的SAR热点随之偏移分散，因而能够降低天线装置100的SAR值。进一步地，在本申请的一些实施例中，空缺区22可以邻近接地点16设置(例如，空缺区22的至少部分区域与接地点16相对设置)；在另一些实施例中，空缺区22也可以邻近馈电点14设置(例如，空缺区22的至少部分区域与馈电点14相对设置)。
在一些实施例中，电路板200设有电路区24，电路区24环绕在空缺区22的至少部分外缘，使空缺区22能够被配置为使电路区24的电流流向远离空缺区22的一侧。电路区24用于布置电路走线，电路区24设有馈电端201和接地端202，馈电端201与馈电点14电性连接，馈源30设置在馈电端201和馈电点14之间，接地端202与接地点16电性连接。
在本申请实施例中，空缺区22的结构和形状不受限制，其可以为开设于电路板200上的任意形状的通孔结构或者任意形状的缺口结构。空缺区22可以由电路板200的实体边界界定，也可以由电路板200的实体边界和实体边界的合理延长线共同界定。
请参阅图3，在一些实施例中，电路板200大致呈矩形，其可以为100mm*50mm*1mm的PCB电路板。电路板200可以包括第一侧边223、第二侧边225、第三侧边227以及第四侧边229。第一侧边223和第二侧边225相对设置，第三侧边227和第四侧边229相对设置。第三侧边227和第四侧边229均连接于第一侧边223和第二侧边225之间，第一侧边223、第二侧边225、第三侧边227以及第四侧边229共同形成电路板200的实体轮廓。辐射体12设置于第二侧边225的一侧，并与第二侧边225相间隔，以保证辐射体12具有足够的净空区。在本实施例中，空缺区22由第二侧边225界定，空缺区22设置于辐射体22的第二侧边225的一侧，以使第二侧边225附近的电流强点朝电路区24的方向偏移，从而改变电路板200周围的电场分布，使天线装置100的SAR热点随之偏移分散，因而能够降低天线装置100的SAR值。
在图3所示的实施例中，空缺区22为开设于辐射体12上的缺口结构，其大致为矩形缺口。该缺口贯通电路板200朝向辐射体12的一侧。在本实施例中，空缺区22的至少部分区域与馈电点14相对，以使电路板200上的电流与馈电点14之间存在一定的间距，有利于分 散馈电点14附近的电流强点，从而有效降低天线装置100的SAR值。
进一步地，请参阅图4，在一些实施例中，空缺区22的至少部分区域还可以与接地点16相对，以使电路板200上的电流与接地点16之间存在一定的间距，有利于分散接地点14附近的电流强点，从而进一步降低天线装置100的SAR值。当将空缺区22的轮廓向辐射体12投影时，空缺区22的轮廓投影可以覆盖馈电点14及接地点16。即馈电点14和接地点16沿电路板200的宽度方向的投影落入空缺区22中，电路板200的宽度方向即图4中X的反方向。或者说，辐射体12沿着电路板200的宽度方向的投影位于所述空缺区22中。进一步地，空缺区22还可以与辐射体12的辐射末端121、122相对，当将空缺区22的轮廓向辐射体12投影时，空缺区22的轮廓可以投影覆盖辐射体12的辐射末端121、122。即空缺区22与辐射体的辐射末端121、122相对，辐射末端121、122沿电路板200的宽度方向的投影落入空缺区22中。在其它实施例中，例如图6所示，辐射体12沿着电路板200的宽度方向的投影部分落入空缺区22中。
在一些实施例中，在辐射体12的辐射末端的延伸方向(如图4中的Y方向)上，空缺区22的尺寸(可以理解为空缺区22的长度尺寸)可以设置为大于等于10mm且小于等于30mm，具体可设置为10m、12mm、14mm、15mm、18mm、20mm、22mm、24mm、25mm、28mm、30mm等等。在垂直于辐射体12的辐射末端的延伸方向上的方向(如图4中的X方向)上，空缺区22的尺寸(可以理解为空缺区22的宽度尺寸)可以设置于为大于等于1mm且小于等于3mm，具体可设置为1.0m、1.2mm、1.4mm、1.5mm、1.8mm、2.0mm、2.2mm、2.4mm、2.5mm、2.8mm、3.0mm等等。上述通过限定空缺区22的长度、宽度尺寸，可以限定电路板200上挖空部分的面积大小满足预设的要求，从而避免电路板200被挖空过大的面积影响其结构稳定性，也能避免挖空的面积过小对电流强点的偏移作用较小，因此，通过限定空缺区22的长度、宽度尺寸，可以保证电路板200结构强度和装载面积的同时，使天线装置100的SAR热点被偏移，当将天线装置100应用至具体的电子设备时，可以将天线装置100设置至使得偏移后的SAR热点离用户较远处，从而减小天线装置100对人体的不利影响。应当注意的是，在本说明书中，所涉及的“长度尺寸”、“长度”、“长度方向”等用语中的“长度”以辐射体12作为参考，其应理解为辐射体12的辐射末端所延伸的方向(例如从馈电点14至辐射末端121的方向，也可称为辐射体12的辐射末端的延伸方向)，而“宽度尺寸”、“宽度”、“宽度方向”等用语中的“宽度”应理解为大致垂直于长度的方向。
在一些实施例中，为了更好地调节天线装置100各波段的阻抗，天线装置100还可以包括匹配电路模块50，匹配电路模块50连接于馈源30和馈电点14之间。匹配电路模块50用于辅助天线本体10的调谐，通过匹配电路模块50调节各波段的阻抗，可使波段有更好的匹配输出，能够避免天线装置100的谐振频率发生偏移，从而保证天线装置100具有较高的辐射性能。匹配电路30具体可包括PI型匹配电路或T型匹配电路等。
在本申请上述实施例提供的电子设备400中，由于电路板200设有空缺区22，空缺区22为电路板200上去除材料的部分，使电路板200上形成缺口或通孔，以便于改善电路板200周围的电场分布从而使天线装置100的SAR热点发生偏移。在具体的应用实例中，当天线装置100应用于电子设备时，空缺区22可以设置于电路板200上通常靠近用户的一侧(如设置于电路板200的边缘)，使辐射体12上的电流偏向于电路板200的实体部分的内侧空间，可以在一定程度上使天线装置100与电路板200整体的电流集中点发生偏移，改善了天线装置100和电路板200整体的电场分布，天线装置100的SAR热点随之偏移分散，因而能够降低天线装置100的SAR值。
具体可以参考图5，图5示出了传统的天线和本申请一些实施例提供的天线装置100及电路板200的近场电场分布的仿真示意图，表示的是当天线装置100的谐振频率在0.97GHZ时辐射的电场强度以及对应的SAR峰值，其中虚线范围A和虚线范围B内所示为电场强度较强的区域，在该虚线范围A和虚线范围B中，颜色越深表示电场强度越强，颜色越浅表示电场强度越强弱。如图5中的(a)图显示，在传统的电子设备中，其电路板上并不具备空缺区，此时在虚线范围A中，电场强度极值以及电场分布范围明显较大，其对应SAR值峰值为2.4525W/kg；而图5中的(b)图显示，在本申请所提供的电子设备中，其电路板20设有空缺区22，此时在虚线范围B中，电场强度极值以及电场分布范围相对较小，其对应SAR值峰值为1.87623W/kg，相较于普通的辐射体的天线结构，该SAR值峰值大概降低了23％。可见，本申请实施例提供的天线装置100具有较低的SAR值。
由于本申请实施例提供的电子设备400利用电路板200的改进结构使天线装置100具有较低的SAR值，可以不必对天线装置100的结构进行改动，相较于传统电子设备的天线装置，本申请实施例提供的天线装置100天线效率并没有发生大的变化(甚至未发生变化，其天线效率得以保持)。所以电子设备400通过在电路板200上开设空缺区22，能够使电路板200和天线装置100共同的电流强点朝所需方向偏移分散，改善天线装置100周围的电场分布状 况，使电场最大辐射强度相对较低的同时，整体辐射的平均值并没有降低，天线装置100仍具备较高的辐射效率。
在本申请实施例中，空缺区22的形状不局限于上文实施例所提供的形状。
请参阅图6，在一些实施例中，空缺区22大致为三角形缺口状，并贯通电路板200朝向辐射体12的一侧。将空缺区22的轮廓向辐射体12投影时，空缺区22的轮廓投影至少覆盖馈电点14，以利于使馈电点14处的电流强点偏移至所需方向。即馈电点14沿电路板200的宽度方向的投影落入空缺区22中。在其他的实施例中，空缺区22可以为其他形状的缺口，如圆形、条形、不规则形状等，本说明书不一一赘述。
在一些实施例中，空缺区22还可以为通孔状。具体地，空缺区22可以为开设于电路板200的通孔，该通孔贯穿电路板200的相对两个表面，并位于电路板200上靠近辐射体的一侧。该通孔可以邻近馈电点14、接地点16中的至少一者设置，该通孔的形状可以为三角形、矩形、圆形、椭圆形、多边形孔或其他不规则孔等，本说明书不一一赘述。将空缺区22为通孔结构，可以将电路板200分为至少两部分，因此能够将电路板200的电流进行分流，改变了电路板200周围的电场分布，也能够使天线装置100的SAR热点发生偏移，使天线装置100总体SAR值较弱。
在一些实施例中，空缺区22为开设于电路板200的通孔时，电路板200在该通孔靠近辐射体12的部分可以具有走线空白区域。走线空白区域上可以不必布置金属走线，以保证天线装置100具有足够的净空区，且电路板200的结构强度较大。进一步地，当空缺区22为开设于电路板200的通孔时，电路区24可以设置于空缺区22远离辐射体12的一侧，而不设置于空缺区22与辐射体12之间。
在一些实施例中，电路板200上的空缺区22的数量可以为一个或多个，以利于将电路板200的电流与辐射体12上的电流强点分散，可以有效改变电路板200周围的电场分布。例如，电路板200上的空缺区22可以为两个，两个空缺区22彼此间隔设置，其中一个空缺区22与馈电点14相对，另一空缺区22可以与接地点16相对，或与辐射体12的辐射末端121、122相对。又如，电路板200上的空缺区22可以为三个，三个空缺区22依次间隔设置并分别与馈电点14、接地点16、辐射体12的辐射末端121、122相对。
本申请实施例提供的上述电子设备，其电路板设有空缺区，空缺区邻近辐射体设置，能够将电路板上靠近辐射体处的电流偏移，改善天线装置周围的电场分布状况，使电场最大辐 射强度相对较低，并且天线装置能够具备较高的辐射效率。
请参阅图7，在一些实施例中，电子设备400还可以包括耦合金属片70，耦合金属片70设置于空缺区22，并与辐射体12相间隔。耦合金属片70与电路区24之间、与辐射体12之间均不存在电连接关系。进一步地，耦合金属片70与辐射体12相对，且耦合金属片70与辐射体12之间设有预定的间隙，以使耦合金属片12能够被配置为与辐射体12发生耦合。可以理解的是，耦合金属片70与辐射体12的至少部分或全部结构相对。耦合金属片70与辐射体12之间的间隙宽度小于天线装置100的工作频段中心频点的四分之一波长。耦合金属片70能够用于接收辐射体12的信号，且对信号进行二次辐射，也即将接收到的信号再辐射出去，从而分担辐射体12的辐射热点，辐射体12辐射的集中度会降低，进而降低天线装置100整体的SAR值。耦合金属片70的形状不受限制，其可以是矩形条状，或者可以不规则形状，例如是具有异形的切口、槽、凸起的长条形。
在一些实施例中，电子设备400还可以包括功能模组80，功能模组80可以设置于空缺区22，以合理利用空缺区22的空间，使电子设备400的内部空间较为紧凑。进一步地，为了避免功能模组80影响天线装置100的信号传输，电子设备400还可以包括电感模块90，电感模块90连接于功能模组80与电路板200之间。电感模块90与功能模组80串联，其用于削弱功能模组80和天线装置100之间的相互干扰。同时，利用电感模块90和匹配电路模块50进行调谐，也能削弱功能模组80和天线装置100之间的相互干扰。在具体的实施例中，功能模组80可以包括麦克风、传感器等较弱电磁辐射元件。
请参阅图8，在一些实施例中，壳体1001包括后壳1010(图1)以及中框1011，后壳1010与显示屏1003分别设置于中框1011的相对两侧。
中框1011可以为一体成型结构，其从结构上可以划分为承载部1012以及环绕于承载部1012的边框1013。应当理解的是，“承载部”与“边框”仅仅为便于表述而进行的命名划分，图中的结构填充斜线条仅为区分而标识，并不代表二者的实际结构，二者之间可以不具备明显的分界线，也可以为分别为两个或更多的部件组装于一起，“承载部”与“边框”的命名不应对中框1011的结构造成限制。承载部1012用于承载显示屏1003的一部分结构，也可以用于承载或安装电子设备200的电子部件如电路板200、电池1006、传感器模组1007等，边框1013连接于承载部1012的周缘。进一步地，边框1013环绕于承载部1012的外周设置，并相对于承载部1012的表面凸伸，使二者共同形成用于容纳电子部件的空间。在本实施例中，显示屏 1013盖设于边框1013，边框1013、后壳1010以及显示屏1003共同形成电子设备400的外观表面。天线装置100集成于壳体1001中，例如，天线装置100可以设置于中框1011，也可以设置于后壳1010，本说明书对此不作限制。
进一步地，在图8所示的实施例中，边框1013由金属制成，天线装置100集成于边框1013。在本实施例中，边框1013可以设有缝隙1014，缝隙1014与外界连通并将边框1013划分为两个部分，天线装置100集成于边框1013的其中一部分。具体而言，接地点16和馈电点14均设置于边框1013，馈电点14设置于缝隙1014和接地点16之间，使金属制成的边框1013能够被配置成为辐射体12以发射或接收信号，其中辐射体12的辐射末端121位于缝隙1014的一侧。如此，利用金属制的边框1013作为天线装置100的辐射体的一部分，有利于节省电子设备400内的空间，也为天线装置100提供更大的净空区，有利于保证较高的辐射效率。进一步地，在本实施例中，空缺区22设置于电路板200靠近边框1013的一侧，将空缺区22的轮廓向边框1013投影时，空缺区22的轮廓投影覆盖缝隙1014以及辐射体12的至少部分结构。
在本实施例中，边框1013中作为辐射体12的部分与承载部1013之间设有间隙，该间隙与缝隙1014连通，使辐射体12与承载部1012之间相互间隔，即边框1013开设间隙，辐射体12和承载部1013分别位于间隙的两侧，以避免承载部1012影响辐射体12的谐振。进一步地，缝隙1014中可以设有非屏蔽体(图中未标出)，非屏蔽体由非金属制成(例如树脂等)，其具有通过电磁波信号的特性，以允许天线装置100进行信号传输。非屏蔽体的外表面与边框1013的外表面平齐，以保证电子设备400的外观的完整性。
进一步地，在本实施例中，电路板200的电路区24与边框1013间隔设置，以使电路区24能够和辐射体12相间隔设置，使电路板200上的电流强点相对远离辐射体12上的电流强点，有利于降低天线装置100的SAR值。
在本实施例中，电路板200设置于承载部1012上，电路板200的边缘与辐射体12之间具有一定距离，保证天线装置100具有较大净空区，且将电路板200上电流集中处与天线装置100上电流集中处尽可能分散，也能在一定程度上降低天线装置100的SAR值。在本实施例中，电路板200与辐射体12之间的距离可以为1-5mm，例如，电路板200与辐射体之间的距离可以为1mm、1.5mm、2mm、2.5mm、3mm、3.5mm、4mm、4.5mm、5mm等等。
在其他的一些实施例中，边框1013可以由非金属制成，天线装置10可以集成于边框1013。 例如，边框1013可以由塑料、树脂等材料制成，天线装置10的辐射体12可以通过嵌件成型的方式集成于边框1013(如，辐射体12整体嵌入边框1013内部)，也可以通过贴附的方式集成于边框1013(如，辐射体12贴附于边框1013的表面)。请参阅图9，在本实施例中，天线装置100的辐射体12大致呈片状，其设置于边框1013上，并大致垂直于电路板100所在的平面。空缺区22设置于电路板200靠近边框1013的一侧，从而能够将电路板200上的电流偏移至相对远离边框1013的方向，也即将天线装置100的SAR热点分散至相对远离边框1013的方向，能够进一步减弱天线装置100对用户的辐射影响。
在本申请上述实施例提供的电子设备中，天线装置包括辐射体以及设置于辐射体的馈电点，馈电点用于将激励电流馈入至辐射体，激励电流在辐射体上形成有强电流区域。由于电路板设有空缺区，空缺区与辐射体的强电流区域相对，使电路板上的电流由于空缺区的存在而发生偏移，避免电路板上的电流的电场与辐射体的强电流区域内的电流的电场叠加，能够改善电路板周围的电场分布，从而使天线装置的SAR热点发生被分散，进而使天线装置的SAR值较低。在具体的应用实例中，当天线装置应用于电子设备时，空缺区可以设置于辐射体上通常朝向用户的一侧，使辐射体上的电流偏向于辐射体的实体部分，可以在一定程度上使天线装置的电流集中点发生偏移，改善了天线装置的电场分布，天线装置的SAR热点随之偏移分散，因而能够降低天线装置的SAR值。
需要说明的是，在本申请说明书中，当一个组件被认为是“设置于”另一个组件，它可以是连接于或者直接设置在另一个组件上，或者可能同时存在居中组件(也即二者间接连接)；当一个组件被认为是“连接”另一个组件，它可以是直接连接到另一个组件或者可能同时存在居中组件，也即，两个组件之间可以是间接连接。
在本说明书中，描述的具体特征或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不驱使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括电路板以及天线装置，所述天线装置设置于所述电路板的一侧；
    所述天线装置包括辐射体以及设置于所述辐射体的馈电点；
    所述电路板设有电路区以及空缺区，所述电路区用于布置电路走线，所述电路区设有馈电端，所述馈电端与所述馈电点电性连接，并用于经由所述馈电点将激励电流馈入至所述辐射体，所述激励电流在所述辐射体上形成有强电流区域，所述空缺区与所述强电流区域相对设置；所述电路区环绕在所述空缺区的至少部分外缘；所述空缺区被配置为使所述电路区的电流流向远离所述空缺区的一侧。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述空缺区为位于所述电路板上靠近所述辐射体的一侧的缺口，所述缺口贯通所述电路板朝向所述辐射体的一侧。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述空缺区为开设于所述电路板上靠近所述辐射体的一侧的通孔，所述通孔贯穿所述电路板的相对两个表面。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备还包括边框，所述天线装置集成于所述边框，所述电路板的所述电路区与所述边框间隔设置。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述辐射体为片状，所述辐射体设置于所述边框并与所述电路板所在平面垂直。
  6. 如权利要求4或5所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述空缺区设置有耦合金属片，所述耦合金属片与所述辐射体之间设有预定的间隙，所述耦合金属片与所述电路区之间、与所述辐射体之间均不存在电连接关系；所述耦合金属片被配置为与所述辐射体发生耦合。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述耦合金属片与所述辐射体相对，所述耦合金属片与所述辐射体之间的间隙宽度小于所述天线装置的工作频段中心频点的四分之 一波长。
  8. 如权利要求1至7任一项所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备还包括功能模组和电感模块，所述功能模组设置于所述空缺区，所述电感模块与所述电路区电性连接，并与所述功能模组串联。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述功能模组包括麦克风。
  10. 如权利要求1至3任一项所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备还包括壳体，所述壳体包括承载部以及连接于所述承载部的边框，所述边框设有与外界连通的缝隙；所述辐射体集成于所述边框上，并位于所述缝隙的一侧。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备还包括显示屏，所述承载部用于承载所述显示屏的部分结构和所述电路板。
  12. 如权利要求10所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述边框至少部分由金属制成；所述馈电点设置于所述边框，使金属制成的所述边框被配置成为辐射体以发射或接收信号。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述空缺区设置于所述电路板靠近所述边框的一侧，将所述空缺区的轮廓向所述边框投影时，所述空缺区的轮廓投影覆盖所述缝隙以及所述辐射体的至少部分结构。
  14. 如权利要求10所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述边框开设间隙，所述辐射体和所述承载部分别位于所述间隙的两侧，所述间隙与所述缝隙连通，以使所述辐射体与所述承载部之间相互隔离。
  15. 如权利要求1至14任一项所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述空缺区的数量为两个，两个所述空缺区间隔设置，一个所述空缺区与所述馈电点相对，另一个所述空缺区与所述辐射体的接地点或辐射末端相对。
  16. 如权利要求1至14任一项所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述空缺区的数量为三个，三个所述空缺区间隔设置，分别与所述辐射体的所述馈电点、接地点和辐射末端相对。
  17. 如权利要求1至16任一项所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述空缺区的至少部分区域与所述馈电点相对。
  18. 如权利要求1至14任一项所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述天线装置还包括设置于所述辐射体的接地点，所述空缺区至少部分区域与所述接地点相对，将所述空缺区的轮廓向所述辐射体投影时，所述空缺区的轮廓投影覆盖所述馈电点及所述接地点。
  19. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括壳体、电路板以及天线装置；
    所述壳体包括承载部和环绕于所述承载部的边框，所述天线装置集成于所述边框，所述承载部用于承载所述电路板；
    所述天线装置包括辐射体以及设置于所述辐射体的馈电点；
    所述电路板包括电路区以及空缺区，所述电路区用于布置电路走线，所述电路区设有馈电端，所述馈电端与所述馈电点电性连接，并用于经由所述馈电点将激励电流馈入至所述辐射体，所述激励电流在所述辐射体上形成有强电流区域；所述电路区环绕在所述空缺区的至少部分外缘；所述空缺区为所述电路板空缺的部位，并与所述强电流区域相对设置。
  20. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括电路板以及天线装置；所述天线装置设置于所述电路板的一侧；
    所述天线装置包括辐射体以及设置于所述辐射体的馈电点；
    所述电路板包括用于布置电路走线的电路区，所述电路区设有馈电端，所述馈电端与所述馈电点电性连接，并用于经由所述馈电点将激励电流馈入至所述辐射体，所述激励电流在所述辐射体上形成有强电流区域；所述电路板开设有朝向所述辐射体的缺口，所述缺口与所述强电流区域相对设置，所述电路区环绕在所述缺口的至少部分外缘，所述辐射体沿着电路板的宽度方向的投影至少部分位于所述缺口中。
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