WO2022099384A1 - Compositions for coating chocolate - Google Patents
Compositions for coating chocolate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022099384A1 WO2022099384A1 PCT/AU2021/051358 AU2021051358W WO2022099384A1 WO 2022099384 A1 WO2022099384 A1 WO 2022099384A1 AU 2021051358 W AU2021051358 W AU 2021051358W WO 2022099384 A1 WO2022099384 A1 WO 2022099384A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- wax
- mixture
- chocolate product
- chocolate
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 248
- 235000019219 chocolate Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000011369 resultant mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000005913 Maltodextrin Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920002774 Maltodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 229940035034 maltodextrin Drugs 0.000 claims description 16
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004203 carnauba wax Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013869 carnauba wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000007983 food acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, potassium salt (1:1), (2E,4E)- Chemical compound [K+].CC=CC=CC([O-])=O CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004302 potassium sorbate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010241 potassium sorbate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940069338 potassium sorbate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical group [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical class OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010958 polyglycerol polyricinoleate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010356 sorbitol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021092 sugar substitutes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- SERLAGPUMNYUCK-DCUALPFSSA-N 1-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO[C@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SERLAGPUMNYUCK-DCUALPFSSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004204 candelilla wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013868 candelilla wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940073532 candelilla wax Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- IUJAMGNYPWYUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hentriacontane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IUJAMGNYPWYUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000905 isomalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010439 isomalt Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- HPIGCVXMBGOWTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isomaltol Natural products CC(=O)C=1OC=CC=1O HPIGCVXMBGOWTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007764 o/w emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CKQVRZJOMJRTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid;propane-1,2,3-triol Chemical compound OCC(O)CO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O CKQVRZJOMJRTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010965 sucrose esters of fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001959 sucrose esters of fatty acids Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 244000299461 Theobroma cacao Species 0.000 description 106
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000004091 panning Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- -1 fatty acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluorocyclohexane Chemical group FC1(F)CCCCC1 ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019868 cocoa butter Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940110456 cocoa butter Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003996 polyglycerol polyricinoleate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-KTKRTIGZSA-N 1-oleoylglycerol Chemical group CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000009470 Theobroma cacao Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001339 acylated starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013829 acylated starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004067 bulking agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-HXUWFJFHSA-N glycerol monolinoleate Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](O)CO RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-HXUWFJFHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940057917 medium chain triglycerides Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000010989 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001818 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000011069 sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940035049 sorbitan monooleate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZNPLUBHRSSFHT-RRHRGVEJSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[C@@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC PZNPLUBHRSSFHT-RRHRGVEJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WCOXQTXVACYMLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-bis(12-hydroxyoctadecanoyloxy)propyl 12-hydroxyoctadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)CCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)CCCCCC WCOXQTXVACYMLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004356 Acetylated distarch glycerol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004369 Alkaline modified starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000233788 Arecaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004370 Bleached starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000000385 Brassica napus var. napus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013912 Ceratonia siliqua Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008886 Ceratonia siliqua Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004357 Distarch glycerine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004371 Distarch glycerol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004265 EU approved glazing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004361 Hydroxy propyl distarch glycerine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004362 Hydroxy propyl distarch glycerol Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920001214 Polysorbate 60 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000304405 Sedum burrito Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004355 Starch acetate esterified with vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004363 Starch aluminium octenyl succinate Substances 0.000 description 1
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019431 acetylated distarch glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001073 acetylated oxidized starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013770 acetylated oxidized starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000019427 alkaline modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N alpha-D-galactose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019428 bleached starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940082483 carnauba wax Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940112822 chewing gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015218 chewing gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019221 dark chocolate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019432 distarch glycerine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019429 distarch glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001245 distarch phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013804 distarch phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008298 dragée Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013373 food additive Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002778 food additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000008642 heat stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019433 hydroxy propyl distarch glycerine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019434 hydroxy propyl distarch glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001310 hydroxy propyl distarch phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013825 hydroxy propyl distarch phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001341 hydroxy propyl starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013828 hydroxypropyl starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003943 hypromellose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940119170 jojoba wax Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001248 monostarch phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013807 monostarch phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001254 oxidized starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013808 oxidized starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003346 palm kernel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019865 palm kernel oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001239 phosphated distarch phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013803 phosphated distarch phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940113124 polysorbate 60 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008347 soybean phospholipid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019430 starch acetate esterified with vinyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019435 starch aluminium octenyl succinate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001334 starch sodium octenyl succinate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013826 starch sodium octenyl succinate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019605 sweet taste sensations Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000005691 triesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019222 white chocolate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019220 whole milk chocolate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013618 yogurt Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/305—Products for covering, coating, finishing, decorating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/50—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by shape, structure or physical form, e.g. products with an inedible support
- A23G1/54—Composite products, e.g. layered laminated, coated, filled
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
- A23P20/00—Coating of foodstuffs; Coatings therefor; Making laminated, multi-layered, stuffed or hollow foodstuffs
- A23P20/10—Coating with edible coatings, e.g. with oils or fats
- A23P20/105—Coating with compositions containing vegetable or microbial fermentation gums, e.g. cellulose or derivatives; Coating with edible polymers, e.g. polyvinyalcohol
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
- A23P20/00—Coating of foodstuffs; Coatings therefor; Making laminated, multi-layered, stuffed or hollow foodstuffs
- A23P20/10—Coating with edible coatings, e.g. with oils or fats
- A23P20/11—Coating with compositions containing a majority of oils, fats, mono/diglycerides, fatty acids, mineral oils, waxes or paraffins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
- A23P20/00—Coating of foodstuffs; Coatings therefor; Making laminated, multi-layered, stuffed or hollow foodstuffs
- A23P20/10—Coating with edible coatings, e.g. with oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Definitions
- the present invention relates to compositions for coating chocolate and uses thereof.
- the present invention also relates to methods for producing compositions for coating chocolate.
- Products made of chocolate are consumed across the world and come in a variety of shapes, forms, and compositions. These chocolate products contain components such as cocoa mass, cocoa butter, milk and sugar, which results in a product having a physical profile defined by a relatively low melting point and limited resistance to physical deformation.
- These coatings may also assist to maintain the physical characteristics of the chocolate product, such as the product’s aesthetics, taste and shape throughout the manufacture, transportation, storage and sale of these products. This is particularly important for chocolate products as it may be impossible to maintain tight control over the temperature and humidity conditions throughout the manufacture, storage, transportation and sale of these products.
- Coatings for other food products such as confectionery, jelly beans (soft sugar panning), chewing gum pellets and other hard sugar shelled products (hard sugar panning), jellies, gums and the like, are known, however there are a number of fundamental differences between confectionary and chocolate in terms of composition, taste and appearance which means that products suitable for confectionary are typically unsuitable for chocolate.
- a composition for coating a chocolate product comprising: i) a vegetable oil; ii) water iii) a wax; iv) one or more sugars; and v) one or more additives selected from the group consisting of a humectant, an emulsifier, a starch or derivative thereof, an acidity regulator and a preservative.
- the composition comprises: i) a vegetable oil present in an amount between about 5% to about 10%; ii) water present in an amount between about 40% to about 50%; iii) a wax present in an amount between about 1% to about 5%; iv) one or more sugars present in an amount of at least about 30%; and v) one or more additives selected from the group consisting of a humectant, an emulsifier, a starch or derivative thereof, an acidity regulator and a preservative.
- oil is present in an amount between about 5% to about 8%.
- the wax is present in an amount between 1% and 3%.
- the composition comprises a vegetable oil and water present in amounts to form an oil-in-water emulsion.
- the composition comprises at least one sugar or sugar substitute selected from: glucose solids, sucrose, isomalt, dextrin and sorbitol.
- the composition includes at least one humectant selected from invert syrup, glycerol, or dextrin.
- the composition includes invert syrup and maltodextrin.
- the invert syrup is present in an amount less than 8%.
- the composition comprises a wax selected from the group consisting of carnauba wax, candelilla wax, beeswax, paraffin and microcrystalline wax, or the wax is a hydrogenated palm stearine.
- the wax is carnauba wax.
- the composition comprises a preservative.
- the composition further comprises an emulsifier selected from the group consisting of PGPR, mono- and di-glycerides of fatty acids, sucrose esters of fatty acids, lecithin, sorbitan esters and ethoxylated sorbitan esters.
- an emulsifier selected from the group consisting of PGPR, mono- and di-glycerides of fatty acids, sucrose esters of fatty acids, lecithin, sorbitan esters and ethoxylated sorbitan esters.
- the composition has a pH of less than about 4.0.
- the composition further comprises ethanol or isopropanol.
- the composition is provided in the form of a liquid solution. In other embodiments, the composition is provided in the form of a powder. According to a second aspect, there is provided the use of a composition according to the first aspect for coating a chocolate product.
- a method for producing a composition for coating a chocolate product comprising the steps of: i) dissolving one or more sugars and one or more additives selected from the group consisting of a humectant, a water soluble emulsifier, a starch or a derivative thereof, an acidity regulator and a preservative in heated water to form a first mixture; ii) adding a wax to a vegetable oil to form a second mixture; iii) heating the second mixture; iv) combining the first and second mixtures; and v) homogenizing the resultant mixture to produce the composition under sufficient heat to prevent crystallization of the wax in the resultant mixture; vi) cooling the resultant mixture; and vii) adding a solution of water and ethanol or isopropanol to the resultant mixture.
- additives selected from the group consisting of a humectant, a water soluble emulsifier, a starch or a derivative thereof, an acidity regulator and a preservative in heated
- a food acid is added to the first mixture to adjust a pH of the composition of less than about 4.0.
- an oil soluble emulsifier is added with the wax to the vegetable oil to form the second mixture.
- the method further comprises actively cooling the composition while agitating the composition following homogenization.
- the composition is actively cooled using a jacketed tank or a heat exchanger.
- the water is heated to between about 80 °C to 85 °C and the resultant mixture is homogenized at between about 80 °C to 85 °C.
- the second mixture is heated to 90 °C.
- the method is used to produce a composition according to the first aspect.
- a method for coating a chocolate product comprising applying to the chocolate product a composition as defined in the first aspect.
- the composition is applied to the chocolate product at a concentration of between about 1 ml to about 10 mL per 1 kg of chocolate product.
- the composition is applied to the chocolate product at a concentration of between about 1 mL to about 2 mL per 1 kg of chocolate product.
- the composition is applied to the chocolate product is applied at an ambient relative humidity of between about 30% and about 50%.
- the composition is applied to the chocolate is applied at an ambient temperature of between about 12 °C to about 20 °C.
- FIGURE 1 shows a flow chart of a process for creating an embodiment of the invention.
- FIGURE 2 shows a comparison between a chocolate product coated with a conventional product (top) and a chocolate product coated with a composition of the present invention (bottom), where the chocolate product coated with the present compositions have far greater shine and gloss.
- FIGURE 3 shows the shine and gloss achieved when other chocolate products are coated with a composition of the present invention.
- compositions as disclosed herein allow for the coating of chocolate products where the composition comprises an oil-in-water emulsion and a wax, a sugar and one or more additives selected from the group consisting of a humectant, an emulsifier, a starch or derivative thereof and a preservative.
- the compositions may be used as a combined polish and varnish for the exterior surface of the chocolate product, which requires application of an amount of the composition such that the exterior of the chocolate product is coated with the composition.
- the compositions as disclosed herein may be used as a coating for chocolate products that replaces and fulfils the function of both polish and varnish coatings. Upon drying of the composition, the exterior surface of the chocolate product achieves a shine.
- the composition should also provide the necessary physical barrier between the chocolate surface and any other additional coatings that may be applied, as well as providing an effective moisture barrier between the environment and the chocolate product.
- the compositions may also assist in preventing or reducing the amount of scuff and kiss marks caused by rubbing of chocolate products with each other during curing, packaging, storage and transport.
- the composition disclosed herein when applied to a chocolate product, provides a product that has greater resistance to heat when compared to an untreated product or a product treated with existing compositions. This means that a chocolate product treated with a composition as disclosed herein may withstand transport and storage to locations and climates having high temperature and/or humidity, without adversely affecting the quality of the product. Furthermore, the chocolate product coated with a composition as disclosed herein has greater shine and gloss when compared to chocolate products coated with existing compositions for the same purpose, as can be seen FIGURE 2 and 3.
- compositions disclosed contain several components and that stability of the overall composition is necessary. Given the nature of the components, for example, a vegetable oil, water and a wax, the compositions may require the addition of one or more other additives in order to provide a formulation that is suitable for use as described herein. For example, the various components should not react with one another in an adverse manner during storage and/or transport so as to reduce the effectiveness of the composition when applied to the surface of a chocolate product.
- the present inventors have found that the compositions as disclosed herein have the necessary stability during formulation, transport, storage and application.
- the compositions disclosed herein have the appropriate physical properties, for example viscosity and volatility, which allow for the composition to be applied to a chocolate product.
- the nature of the components and the amounts in which they are present provide a composition with the desired properties upon application and the necessary physical properties throughout the life of the composition.
- An advantage of the present compositions as described herein is that the rate of application of the composition (i.e. the usage rate of the composition per unit of chocolate product) may be lower than other similar products. Further, as the composition acts as a combined polish and varnish, the amount of time required to coat the products can be reduced relative to existing polish and varnish coatings. Additionally, the 8 to 12 hour curing time typically associated with varnishes may be reduced or avoided using the present compositions.
- a chocolate polish is typically used at a rate of between about 2 and 4 mL per kg of finished chocolate product.
- a confectioner’s varnish is typically used at a rate of between about 1 and 2 mL per kg of finished chocolate product.
- a concentration range of 1 to 1.5 mL per kg provides an effective barrier and offers a result comparable to a conventional polish and varnish system.
- the composition is applied to the chocolate product at a concentration range of between about 1 mL to about 10 mL per 1 kg of chocolate product.
- the composition is applied to the chocolate product at a concentration of about 1 mL per 1 kg of chocolate product.
- the composition is applied to the chocolate product at a concentration of about 2 mL per 1 kg of chocolate product.
- the composition is applied to the chocolate product at a concentration of about 3 mL per 1 kg of chocolate product. In an embodiment, the composition is applied to the chocolate product at a concentration of about 4 mL per 1 kg of chocolate product. In an embodiment, the composition is applied to the chocolate product at a concentration of about 5 mL per 1 kg of chocolate product. In an embodiment, the composition is applied to the chocolate product at a concentration of about 6 mL per 1 kg of chocolate product. In an embodiment, the composition is applied to the chocolate product at a concentration of about 7 mL per 1 kg of chocolate product. In an embodiment, the composition is applied to the chocolate product at a concentration of about 8 mL per 1 kg of chocolate product.
- the composition is applied to the chocolate product at a concentration of about 9 mL per 1 kg of chocolate product. In an embodiment, the composition is applied to the chocolate product at a concentration of about 10 mL per 1 kg of chocolate product.
- the amount of the composition used may affect the resistance of coated chocolate product to heat, for example, a greater concentration of the applied composition allows for higher resistance of the coated chocolate product to heat.
- these coatings are applied to the chocolate product at an ambient humidity of between about 30% and about 50%, and at an ambient temperature of between about 12 °C to about 20 °C.
- compositions of the present invention are that it can be made vegetarian/vegan friendly as well as without alcohol where required, broadening the potential use of the composition on chocolate or chocolate-like products which are intended to be vegetarian, vegan, or alcohol free respectively.
- compositions of the present invention may be produced without the use of alcohol, for example, as a solvent.
- the term “chocolate product” refers to a wide range of products typically containing cocoa solids and/or cocoa butter. The products may also contain sugar and milk solids, flavourings and other additives.
- the term “chocolate product” as used herein is not limited to, but intended to encompass milk chocolate, dark chocolate, white chocolate and other well known types of chocolate, as well as chocolate-like substitutes such as carob based chocolate substitutes and yoghurt style coatings.
- the compositions as disclosed herein may be used as a combined polish and varnish for chocolate products.
- compositions for coating a chocolate product as disclosed herein comprise: i) a vegetable oil; ii) water iii) a wax; iv) one or more sugars; and one or more additives selected from the group consisting of a humectant, an emulsifier, a starch or derivative thereof, an acidity regulator and a preservative.
- the term “vegetable oil” refers to a mixture composed mainly of triglycerides extracted from a plant.
- the triglycerides of vegetable oil are typically fatty acid esters of glycerol.
- the plants from which a vegetable oil is extracted can include, but are not limited to, canola plants, soy plants, oilseed palms, coconut plants, and other plants containing such triglycerides and free acids.
- Preferred vegetable oils for the chocolate coating compositions include palm kernel oil, coconut oil and derivatives thereof such as medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) oil, for their high stability. In other embodiments, cocoa butter may be used.
- the compositions of the present invention comprise a vegetable oil in an amount of between about 5% to about 10%. In some embodiments, the compositions comprise a vegetable oil in an amount of about 5%. In some embodiments, the compositions comprise a vegetable oil in an amount of about 6%. In some embodiments, the compositions comprise a vegetable oil in an amount of about 7%. In some embodiments, the compositions comprise a vegetable oil in an amount of about 8%. In some embodiments, the compositions comprise a vegetable oil in an amount of about 9%. In some embodiments, the compositions comprise a vegetable oil in an amount of about 10%.
- the compositions disclosed herein comprise one or more sugars present in an amount of at least about 30%. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises one or more sugars in an amount of at least about 35%. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises one or more sugars in an amount of at least about 40%. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises one or more sugars in an amount of at least about 45%. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises one or more sugars in an amount of at least about 50%.
- emulsifier refers to a substance that promotes the formation of a stable emulsion by reducing the surface tension between components of a mixture.
- emulsifier may also refer to substances known as surfactants or surfaceactive agents, foaming agents, wetting agents or dispersants. Different emulsifiers may be classified according to their HLB (hydrophilic-lipophilic balance) value, which is a measure of the hydrophilicity or lipophilicity of the emulsifier and provides an indication as to the behaviour of the surfactant.
- HLB hydrophilic-lipophilic balance
- Esters of other molecules such as saccharides or polyols are also included in this definition. These may include esters of glycerol, sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, pentaerythritol and derivatives thereof. The esterification of the fatty acid, inorganic acid, saccharide or polyol may be complete or partial.
- an emulsifier or a surfactant may be described as ionic or non-ionic.
- a wide range of ionic and non-ionic surfactants may be used for the emulsifier component.
- Non-ionic surfactants are preferred as they are readily available, of low toxicity and are cost effective.
- the emulsifier is glycerol monooleate (GMO).
- the emulsifier is sorbitan monooleate (SMO).
- the emulsifier is polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR).
- the emulsifier is a lecithin, optionally a soy lecithin.
- the composition comprises a mixture of emulsifiers that together provide an HLB value that is sufficiently high (or low) to achieve emulsification.
- HLB value sufficiently high (or low) to achieve emulsification.
- a person skilled in the art would understand that the selection of an appropriate emulsifier will depend on the HLB value of a given emulsifier, the nature and amount of the other components in the composition and the overall desired properties of the compositions.
- the pH of the composition may be adjusted below a pH level of 4. This may be achieved through the addition of a food acid, such as but not limited to citric acid or tartaric acid.
- a food acid such as but not limited to citric acid or tartaric acid.
- at least one starch or starch derivative may be added to the composition to fulfil the purpose of at least one of an emulsifier, emulsion stabilizer, film-forming agent, and/or bulking agent.
- starch derivatives which may be used include but are not limited to dextrin or maltodextrin.
- the starch for example dextrin
- FIGURE 1 A flowchart showing a production process for an embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGURE 1.
- the process consists of a water-based stream and an oil-based stream which are then combined and mixed together at heat and homogenized to form the composition for coating chocolate products.
- the preservative is a combination of sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate, however it will be understood that in other embodiments, the preservative may be selected from other known preservatives, such as ethanol or isopropanol.
- the pH of the solution can be checked and adjusted if outside a desired range (5). For example, in this embodiment, the pH may be checked and more food acid added to bring the pH level below 4.
- the sugars, which are added as a humectant may be in the form of an invert syrup.
- other sugars such as sucrose may be used.
- sucrose including embodiments the relative amount of sucrose added may be higher than the amount of invert syrup added in this embodiment.
- polyols such as glycerol, starches such as dextrin or cellulose derivatives such as HPMC may also be added as a humectant, either in combination with other humectants or in place of them.
- the humectant properties of dextrins such as maltodextrin may be increased.
- invert syrup is present in the composition in an amount less than about 8%. In an embodiment, invert syrup is present in an amount of about 7%. In another embodiment, invert syrup is present in an amount of about 6%. In another embodiment, invert syrup is present in an amount of about 5%. In another embodiment, invert syrup is present in an amount of about 4%. In another embodiment, invert syrup is present in an amount of about 3%. In a further embodiment, invert syrup is present in an amount of about 2%.
- maltodextrin is present in the composition in an amount between about 10% to about 50%. In an embodiment, maltodextrin is present in an amount of about 10%. In another embodiment, maltodextrin is present in an amount of about 15%. In another embodiment, maltodextrin is present in an amount of about 20%. In another embodiment, maltodextrin is present in an amount of about 25%. In another embodiment, maltodextrin is present in an amount of about 30%. In another embodiment, maltodextrin is present in an amount of about 35%. In another embodiment, maltodextrin is present in an amount of about 40%. In another embodiment, maltodextrin is present in an amount of about 45%. In another embodiment, maltodextrin is present in an amount of about 50%.
- the starch component which may be a modified starch such as dextrin is added to stabilize the emulsion in the finished coating.
- modified starches which may be used in other embodiments include but are not limited to modified starches with the codes El 400, El 401, E1402, E1403, E1404, E1405, E1410, E1411, E1412, E1413, £414, E1420, E1420, E1421, E1423, E1430, E1440, E1441, E1442, E1443, E1450, E1451, and E1452 as coded by the International Numbering System for Food Additives.
- the amount of modified starch added will be less than 3% of the total amount of the composition.
- the food acid (such as tartaric acid) is added to the composition in order to bring the pH level of the composition below 4. This is important for maintaining emulsion stability. A low pH also is important for effectively controlling microbial activity, as preferred preservatives such as sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate are most effective at low pHs.
- the water temperature is checked and readjusted at this time (6). In embodiments where the mixture is held in an open tank, this stage may also involve measuring the net weight of the tank and adding water to account for any evaporation which has occurred. In other embodiments where a sealed tank is used, the net weight measurement may not be necessary.
- the oil based stream consists of adding wax and an emulsifier to oil while mixing and then heating the mixture (7).
- the mixture is heated to 90 °C.
- the emulsifier added prior to heating may be a liquid emulsifier or alternatively a high melting point emulsifier.
- the amount of added emulsifier is less than 1% of the total composition.
- the oil stream is brought to the same temperature as the water stream (8) and the two are mixed together (9). In this embodiment, the two streams are mixed together at a temperature between about 80 °C to 85 °C, which has been chosen as it is higher than the melting point of carnauba wax, which is envisioned as the choice of wax in this embodiment.
- the heating temperature may differ depending on the choice of wax and emulsifier, so long as the temperature is chosen to be not below the cloud point of any of the oil phase components in order to form the emulsion.
- some emulsifiers such as lecithin are damaged at temperatures above ⁇ 50 °C, and would thus not be suitable in this embodiment.
- the primary determinant of whether components of the composition are added to the water based stream or the oil based stream is their relative solubility. Accordingly, while in this embodiment an emulsifier is added to the oil based stream, in other embodiments, if a high HLB emulsifier is used, it may be added to the water based stream rather than the oil stream. In embodiments with cellulose or starch-based emulsifiers, for instance, these are dissolved in the water phase. In some embodiments, multiple emulsifiers are used with varying HLBs. Each emulsifier will be added to either the water based stream or oil based stream depending on their HLB.
- the combined streams are mixed together (9) and then homogenized at heat (10).
- the inventors have found that the homogenizer must be utilized at the elevated temperature (in this embodiment, at between about 80 °C and 85 °C) to avoid even partial crystallization of the wax, which may cause the emulsion to fail. Otherwise stated, it is important to carry out high shear mixing and homogenization before allowing the product to crystallize in order to produce a stable emulsion.
- the homogenization step may be carried out through known methods, for example a colloid mill or a pressure homogenizer. In embodiments where a pressure homogenizer is used, the homogenization should be carried out between 1500 and 3500 psi (approx. 10.3 to 24.1 MPa), preferably between 2000 and 3000 psi (approx. 13.8 to 20.7 MPa).
- the homogenized mixture is cooled to between about 20 °C and 30 °C, preferably around 25 °C (11), where it is believed the majority of crystallization in the wax has occurred.
- the composition is cooled with constant agitation in a jacketed tank.
- other cooling methods may be used, for example a heat exchanger.
- the product may be agitated without any active cooling.
- the composition may be cooled to a lesser or greater amount accordingly.
- ethanol or isopropanol are present in the composition or used in the process for preparing the composition
- the addition of ethanol or isopropanol to the mixture may cause the swelling of micelles present in the composition. This can be overcome by retaining a portion of the water to be used in the composition, blending the portion of water with the ethanol or isopropanol to be added and subsequently introducing this mixture to the composition as a final step. Since ethanol and isopropanol are volatile and evaporate at high temperatures, the resultant mixture must be cooled prior to the mixture of water and ethanol or isopropanol being added.
- the homogenized mixture may be spray-dried under appropriate conditions to remove water present in the mixture and subsequently a composition in the form of a powder.
- the powder may be reconstituted prior to use with an appropriate amount of water to provide a composition in the form of a solution having the appropriate concentration for the uses discussed herein.
- the ability to provide a composition in the form of a powder allows for greater stability and longer shelf life, when compared to the composition in the form of a liquid or solution. Since the composition in the form of a liquid often means that the solution that remains unused may be subject to contamination and oxidation over time, providing a composition in the form of a powder where only the required amount is taken and reconstituted allows for additional stability of the composition over time.
- Example 1 Composition comprising carnauba wax
- Example 4 Composition without humectant
- Example 5 Composition comprising sucrose
- the coating of a chocolate product with a composition as described herein can be achieved using standard chocolate panning equipment and conditions.
- the chocolate product to be varnished is added to the drum of the panning equipment.
- the composition for coating is then added to the chocolate with rotation of the drum and under various conditions of air-flow, temperature and humidity.
- Several doses of the composition may be used in order to achieve the desired film and gloss on the chocolate product.
- the chocolate product is allowed to rest to ensure that curing is complete prior to packing of the finished product.
Abstract
Description
Claims
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WO2024047560A1 (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2024-03-07 | Valencia Aguilar Juan Carlos | Powder mixture for supplementing dietary fats by optimising fatty acid content with low calorie load and high plasticity |
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- 2021-11-16 US US18/036,770 patent/US20240016175A1/en active Pending
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- 2021-11-16 AU AU2021378641A patent/AU2021378641A1/en active Pending
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US10689555B1 (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2020-06-23 | Kevin James Milcheck | Formulation to stop the adherence of a dye to an eggshell |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2024047560A1 (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2024-03-07 | Valencia Aguilar Juan Carlos | Powder mixture for supplementing dietary fats by optimising fatty acid content with low calorie load and high plasticity |
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AU2021378641A1 (en) | 2023-06-22 |
CN116507222A (en) | 2023-07-28 |
US20240016175A1 (en) | 2024-01-18 |
JP2023548946A (en) | 2023-11-21 |
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