WO2022087927A1

WO2022087927A1 - Antenna tuning apparatus and method

Info

Publication number: WO2022087927A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/124559
Authority: WO
Inventors: 胡文权; 李峰; 张金华
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2020-10-28
Filing date: 2020-10-28
Publication date: 2022-05-05
Also published as: CN114698404A

Abstract

Provided are an antenna tuning apparatus and method, which relate to the technical field of communications and are used for reducing storage overheads and tuning delay in an antenna tuning process. The apparatus comprises: an impedance tuning circuit coupled to an antenna for providing impedance matching, wherein the impedance tuning circuit has a reference state, the reference state is one preset state among a plurality of states of the impedance tuning circuit, and the reference state is used for the measurement of a state parameter of the antenna; and an interface circuit for receiving a first control signal, wherein the first control signal is used for enabling the impedance tuning circuit to be in the reference state.

Description

一种天线调谐装置及方法An antenna tuning device and method

技术领域technical field

本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种天线调谐装置及方法。The present application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to an antenna tuning device and method.

背景技术Background technique

其中，终端天线作为电能与电磁能转换装置，在不同的工作频率和不同的使用场景(比如，天线位于任意位置、手握位置或通话时靠近头部等)中，其阻抗也会随之发生变化。另外，终端在通过天线传输高频信号时，为了将射频信号高效地传输到天线上或者将射频信号高效地传输到射频前端的低噪声放大器上，需要保证源阻抗和负载阻抗满足或接近功率匹配条件，即源阻抗与负载阻抗是共轭相等的。如果源阻抗与负载阻抗失配，则会导致终端的功耗增加、电池续航时间降低以及通信掉话等问题，从而导致用户体验降低。Among them, the terminal antenna is used as an electric energy and electromagnetic energy conversion device, and its impedance will also occur in different operating frequencies and different usage scenarios (for example, the antenna is located in any position, held in a hand position, or close to the head during a call, etc.). Variety. In addition, when the terminal transmits high-frequency signals through the antenna, in order to efficiently transmit the RF signal to the antenna or to the low-noise amplifier of the RF front-end, it is necessary to ensure that the source impedance and load impedance meet or are close to power matching. condition that the source impedance and the load impedance are conjugate and equal. If the source impedance does not match the load impedance, the power consumption of the terminal will increase, the battery life will be reduced, and the communication will be dropped, which will reduce the user experience.

天线调谐技术可用于解决高频传输过程中的阻抗失配问题。目前，阻抗匹配调谐(impedance matching tuning)是天线调谐技术中常用的天线调谐方案。阻抗匹配调谐通过在信号源与负载之间加入阻抗匹配网络，并调整阻抗匹配网络的参数，从而改变信号源到发送天线之间的发射通路上的射频信号传输特性，或者从接收天线到射频前端的低噪声放大器的接收通路上的射频信号传输特性，从而保证源阻抗和负载阻抗之间满足或接近功率匹配条件。阻抗匹配网络通常是包括可调器件(比如，可调电容或可调电感，开关)和不可调器件(比如，固定电容或电感)的一种无源网络成，通过改变阻抗匹配网络的网络参数来改善传输性能。Antenna tuning techniques can be used to solve the impedance mismatch problem during high frequency transmission. At present, impedance matching tuning is a commonly used antenna tuning scheme in antenna tuning technology. Impedance matching tuning is by adding an impedance matching network between the signal source and the load, and adjusting the parameters of the impedance matching network, thereby changing the transmission characteristics of the RF signal on the transmission path between the signal source and the sending antenna, or from the receiving antenna to the RF front-end The transmission characteristics of the radio frequency signal on the receiving path of the low noise amplifier, so as to ensure that the source impedance and the load impedance meet or are close to the power matching condition. The impedance matching network is usually a passive network consisting of adjustable devices (eg, adjustable capacitors or adjustable inductors, switches) and non-adjustable devices (eg, fixed capacitors or inductors). By changing the network parameters of the impedance matching network to improve transmission performance.

现有技术中，通常是将阻抗匹配网络的多组网络参数(比如，二端口网络的散射参数)存储在终端中，当需要进行天线调谐时，可基于当前的天线阻抗从这多组网络参数中选择对应的一组网络参数，并将阻抗匹配网络的网络参数调整为选择的组网络参数，相互对应的组网络参数和天线阻抗可以实现源阻抗与负载阻抗的功率匹配，从而基于调整后的组网络参数传输射频信号时可达到最大的传输增益或者最小的驻波比。但是，由于阻抗匹配网络的每组网络参数均包括4个复数值，从而在这多组网络参数的数量较大(通常数以千计)的情况下，需要较大的存储开销，从而造成设备成本增加。In the prior art, usually multiple sets of network parameters of the impedance matching network (for example, the scattering parameters of the two-port network) are stored in the terminal. When antenna tuning is required, the multiple sets of network parameters can be obtained based on the current antenna impedance. Select the corresponding set of network parameters from the , and adjust the network parameters of the impedance matching network to the selected set of network parameters. The corresponding set of network parameters and antenna impedance can realize the power matching between the source impedance and the load impedance, so that based on the adjusted network parameters The maximum transmission gain or the minimum standing wave ratio can be achieved when the group network parameters transmit RF signals. However, since each group of network parameters of the impedance matching network includes 4 complex values, when the number of these groups of network parameters is large (usually in the thousands), a large storage overhead is required, thereby causing equipment problems. Increased costs.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本申请提供一种天线调谐装置及方法，用于降低天线调谐过程中的存储开销和调谐时延。The present application provides an antenna tuning device and method, which are used to reduce storage overhead and tuning delay in the antenna tuning process.

为达到上述目的，本申请的实施例采用如下技术方案：To achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions:

第一方面，提供一种天线调谐装置，该装置包括：与天线耦合的阻抗调谐电路，用于提供阻抗匹配，该阻抗匹配可以为射频前端模块与该天线之间的阻抗匹配，阻抗调谐电路用于保证该射频前端模块的阻抗与该天线的阻抗满足或接近功率匹配条件；该阻抗调谐电路具有基准状态，该基准状态为多个阻抗调谐电路状态中的一个预设状态，该基准状态用于该天线的状态参数的测量，该状态参数可以为反射系数或者阻抗值；接口电路，用于接收第一控制信号，第一控制信号用于使得该阻抗调谐电路处于基准状态。In a first aspect, an antenna tuning device is provided, the device comprising: an impedance tuning circuit coupled with the antenna for providing impedance matching, the impedance matching can be the impedance matching between the radio frequency front-end module and the antenna, and the impedance tuning circuit uses To ensure that the impedance of the RF front-end module and the impedance of the antenna meet or are close to the power matching conditions; the impedance tuning circuit has a reference state, and the reference state is a preset state among multiple impedance tuning circuit states, and the reference state is used for The measurement of the state parameter of the antenna, the state parameter may be the reflection coefficient or the impedance value; the interface circuit is used for receiving the first control signal, and the first control signal is used to make the impedance tuning circuit in the reference state.

上述技术方案中，接口电路接收的第一控制信号可用于将阻抗调谐电路设置为基准状态，该基准状态用于该天线的状态参数的测量，即在该基准状态下测量该天线的状态参数，同时阻抗调谐电路可基于该状态参数提供阻抗匹配，该基准状态为多个阻抗调谐电路状态中的一个预设状态，这样在阻抗匹配的过程中只需要基于该基准状态下测量的该天线的状态参数做阻抗调谐，而无需在多个阻抗调谐电路状态中的其他状态下做阻抗调谐，从而与现有技术相比，大大降低了天线调谐过程中的存储开销和调谐时延，进而降低了设备成本，提高了用户体验。In the above technical solution, the first control signal received by the interface circuit can be used to set the impedance tuning circuit to a reference state, and the reference state is used for the measurement of the state parameter of the antenna, that is, the state parameter of the antenna is measured in the reference state, At the same time, the impedance tuning circuit can provide impedance matching based on the state parameter, and the reference state is a preset state among multiple impedance tuning circuit states, so that in the process of impedance matching, only the state of the antenna measured based on the reference state is required. Impedance tuning is performed on parameters without impedance tuning in other states of the multiple impedance tuning circuit states, thus greatly reducing the storage overhead and tuning delay during the antenna tuning process compared with the prior art, thereby reducing equipment costs. cost and improve user experience.

在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该阻抗调谐电路包括并联的阻抗调谐器和开关电路，该基准状态为该开关电路闭合时该阻抗调谐电路的状态，比如，第一控制信号可用于控制该开关电路闭合。上述可能的实现方式中，当开关电路闭合时，阻抗调谐器被旁路掉，此时阻抗调谐电路可以近似等效为射频传输线，该基准状态也可以称为直通状态，这样在测量天线的状态参数时不受阻抗调谐器的阻抗影响，从而大大提高了天线的状态参数的测量准确度。In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the impedance tuning circuit includes an impedance tuner and a switch circuit in parallel, and the reference state is a state of the impedance tuning circuit when the switch circuit is closed, for example, the first control signal is available to control the switch circuit to close. In the above possible implementations, when the switch circuit is closed, the impedance tuner is bypassed. At this time, the impedance tuning circuit can be approximately equivalent to a radio frequency transmission line. The reference state can also be called a straight-through state. The parameters are not affected by the impedance of the impedance tuner, thereby greatly improving the measurement accuracy of the state parameters of the antenna.

在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该阻抗调谐电路在该基准状态下的端口反射参数的绝对值小于第一阈值、端口间传输参数的绝对值大于第二阈值。上述可能的实现方式中，可以在测量天线的状态参数时降低阻抗调谐电路对该天线的状态参数的影响，从而大大提高了天线的状态参数的测量准确度。In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the absolute value of the port reflection parameter of the impedance tuning circuit in the reference state is smaller than the first threshold, and the absolute value of the inter-port transmission parameter is larger than the second threshold. In the above possible implementation manner, the influence of the impedance tuning circuit on the state parameter of the antenna can be reduced when the state parameter of the antenna is measured, thereby greatly improving the measurement accuracy of the state parameter of the antenna.

在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该装置还包括：反射系数检测器，用于当该阻抗调谐电路处于该基准状态时，测量该天线的状态参数。可选的，反射系数检测器用于当阻抗调谐电路处于该基准状态时测量第一反射系数，第一反射系数可以为反射系数检测器用于耦合射频信号的耦合点处的反射系数，第一反射系数可用于确定该天线的状态参数。示例性的，反射系数检测器为方向耦合器，可用于获取传输通路上射频信号的前向耦合信号和反向耦合信号，从而基于该前向耦合信号和反向耦合信号即可确定耦合点处的第一反射系数。上述可能的实现方式中，可以通过反射系数检测器耦合的射频信号来确定该天线的状态的参数。In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the apparatus further includes: a reflection coefficient detector, configured to measure a state parameter of the antenna when the impedance tuning circuit is in the reference state. Optionally, the reflection coefficient detector is used to measure the first reflection coefficient when the impedance tuning circuit is in the reference state, the first reflection coefficient may be the reflection coefficient at the coupling point where the reflection coefficient detector is used to couple the radio frequency signal, the first reflection coefficient Can be used to determine the state parameters of this antenna. Exemplarily, the reflection coefficient detector is a directional coupler, which can be used to obtain the forward coupling signal and the reverse coupling signal of the radio frequency signal on the transmission path, so that the coupling point can be determined based on the forward coupling signal and the reverse coupling signal. The first reflection coefficient of . In the above possible implementation manner, the parameters of the state of the antenna may be determined by the radio frequency signal coupled by the reflection coefficient detector.

在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该装置还包括：处理器，用于根据第一反射系数和第一参数模型确定第二反射系数，第一参数模型用于指示第一反射系数与第二反射系数之间的对应关系。其中，第一参数模型可以是在一定频率和温度下基于事先测量得到的多个第一反射系数和多个第二反射系数得到的。上述可能的实现方式中，通过建立第一参数模型，以及根据第一反射系数和第一参数模型确定第二反射系数，即可确定该天线的状态参数。In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the apparatus further includes: a processor configured to determine a second reflection coefficient according to the first reflection coefficient and a first parameter model, where the first parameter model is used to indicate the first reflection coefficient and the corresponding relationship between the second reflection coefficient. The first parameter model may be obtained based on a plurality of first reflection coefficients and a plurality of second reflection coefficients measured in advance at a certain frequency and temperature. In the above possible implementation manner, the state parameter of the antenna can be determined by establishing a first parameter model and determining the second reflection coefficient according to the first reflection coefficient and the first parameter model.

在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该装置还包括：处理器，与该接口电路耦合，用于输出第一控制信号；可选的，该处理器为基带处理器、射频处理器或者微处理器。可选的，处理器可用于在满足预设条件时输出第一控制信号，即处理器可以在满足预设条件时通过接口电路输出第一控制信号，以将阻抗调谐电路设置为基准状态，该预设条件可以包括以下任一项：发生指定事件，比如频带切换或者天线切换，距离上一次调谐达到预设时长。上述可能的实现方式中，通过在满足预设条件时通过第一控制信号将阻抗调谐电路设置为基准状态，从而在基准状态下测量天线的状态参数，可以大大降低了天线调谐过程中的存储开销，进而降低了设备成本。In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the apparatus further includes: a processor coupled to the interface circuit for outputting the first control signal; optionally, the processor is a baseband processor or a radio frequency processor or a microprocessor. Optionally, the processor may be configured to output the first control signal when the preset condition is met, that is, the processor may output the first control signal through the interface circuit when the preset condition is met, so as to set the impedance tuning circuit to the reference state, the The preset condition may include any of the following: a specified event occurs, such as frequency band switching or antenna switching, and the preset time period has elapsed since the last tuning. In the above possible implementation manner, by setting the impedance tuning circuit to the reference state through the first control signal when the preset condition is satisfied, so as to measure the state parameters of the antenna in the reference state, the storage overhead in the antenna tuning process can be greatly reduced. , thereby reducing equipment costs.

在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，处理器还用于：当确定当前获取的该天线的反射系数的偏移量模值大于预设门限时，基于当前获取的该天线的反射系数和第二参数模型，获取第二状态的阻抗控制字，第二参数模型用于指示多个天线反射系数中每个天线反射系数对应的阻抗调谐电路状态的阻抗控制字，比如，第二参数模型为天线反射系数与阻抗调谐电路状态的阻抗控制字之间的映射函数；通过接口电路输出用于指示第二状态的阻抗控制字的第二控制信号，以通过第二控制信号将阻抗调谐电路设置为第二状态，从而使得该天线调谐装置处于阻抗匹配状态。上述可能的实现方式中，通过当前获取的该天线的反射系数和事先建立的第二参数模型，获取第二状态的阻抗控制字时，无需存储大量的天线反射系数和大量阻抗调谐电路状态的阻抗控制字，从而可以节省存储空间，降低设备成本。In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the processor is further configured to: when it is determined that the offset modulus value of the currently acquired reflection coefficient of the antenna is greater than a preset threshold, based on the currently acquired reflection coefficient of the antenna and the second parameter model to obtain the impedance control word of the second state, the second parameter model is used to indicate the impedance control word of the impedance tuning circuit state corresponding to each antenna reflection coefficient in the multiple antenna reflection coefficients, for example, the second parameter model is a mapping function between the antenna reflection coefficient and the impedance control word of the impedance tuning circuit state; outputting a second control signal for indicating the impedance control word of the second state through the interface circuit, so as to set the impedance tuning circuit through the second control signal is the second state, so that the antenna tuning device is in an impedance matching state. In the above possible implementation manner, when the impedance control word of the second state is obtained through the currently obtained reflection coefficient of the antenna and the second parameter model established in advance, it is not necessary to store a large number of antenna reflection coefficients and a large number of impedances of the impedance tuning circuit state. Control word, which can save storage space and reduce equipment cost.

在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该装置还包括该天线，该天线为孔径可调天线；该孔径可调天线，用于调整该天线的状态参数，以提供阻抗匹配；也即是，处理器可以先调节该孔径可调天线中的孔径为第一孔径状态，之后再根据第一孔径状态对应的天线反射系数调节阻抗调谐电路的状态，以实现阻抗匹配。上述可能的实现方式中，通过先调节该孔径可调天线中的孔径，再根据调节后的孔径状态对应的天线反射系数调节阻抗调谐电路的状态以实现阻抗匹配的方式，可以大大减小阻抗调谐电路需要适配的负载变化范围，从而减小对阻抗调谐电路的自由度需求，进而降低设备成本。In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the device further includes the antenna, which is an aperture-adjustable antenna; the aperture-adjustable antenna is used to adjust a state parameter of the antenna to provide impedance matching; that is, Yes, the processor can first adjust the aperture in the adjustable aperture antenna to the first aperture state, and then adjust the state of the impedance tuning circuit according to the antenna reflection coefficient corresponding to the first aperture state to achieve impedance matching. In the above possible implementations, by first adjusting the aperture in the aperture adjustable antenna, and then adjusting the state of the impedance tuning circuit according to the antenna reflection coefficient corresponding to the adjusted aperture state to achieve impedance matching, the impedance tuning can be greatly reduced. The circuit needs to adapt to the load variation range, thereby reducing the degree of freedom required for the impedance tuning circuit, thereby reducing the cost of the equipment.

在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该孔径可调天线具有多个孔径状态，在某一个固定的天线工作场景下，该多个孔径状态中每个孔径状态对应一个谐振频率点，该多个孔径状态按照对应的谐振频率点的单调顺序排列，比如，按照谐振频率点从低到高或者从高到低的顺序排列，该多个孔径状态中的每个孔径状态对应有一个天线反射系数，则处理器可以从该多个孔径状态中选择最小反射系数模值对应的第一孔径状态，并将该孔径可调天线设置为第一孔径状态。上述可能的实现方式中，基于排序后的多个孔径状态做孔径状态自适应选择时，可以大大降低孔径调谐的时延。In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the tunable aperture antenna has multiple aperture states, and in a certain fixed antenna operating scenario, each aperture state in the multiple aperture states corresponds to a resonant frequency point, The plurality of aperture states are arranged in monotonic order of the corresponding resonance frequency points, for example, according to the order of resonance frequency points from low to high or from high to low, each aperture state in the plurality of aperture states corresponds to an antenna reflection coefficient, the processor may select a first aperture state corresponding to the minimum reflection coefficient modulus value from the plurality of aperture states, and set the aperture adjustable antenna as the first aperture state. In the above possible implementation manner, when the aperture state is adaptively selected based on the sorted multiple aperture states, the time delay of aperture tuning can be greatly reduced.

在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该装置还包括射频前端模块，该阻抗调谐电路耦合在该射频前端模块与该天线之间，该阻抗匹配为该射频前端模块与该天线之间的阻抗匹配。In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the device further includes a radio frequency front-end module, the impedance tuning circuit is coupled between the radio frequency front-end module and the antenna, and the impedance matching is between the radio frequency front-end module and the antenna impedance matching.

在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该射频前端模块包括以下至少一项：功率放大器、滤波器、低噪声放大器、双工器。In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the radio frequency front-end module includes at least one of the following: a power amplifier, a filter, a low noise amplifier, and a duplexer.

在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该装置还包括：射频集成电路，用于在该天线的状态参数测量过程中提供数模/模数转换；可选的，该射频集成电路包括：模数/数模转换器、低通滤波器、上/下转换器、驱动放大器。In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the apparatus further includes: a radio frequency integrated circuit, configured to provide digital-to-analog/analog-to-digital conversion in the process of measuring the state parameter of the antenna; optionally, the radio frequency integrated circuit includes : Analog-to-digital/digital-to-analog converter, low-pass filter, up/down converter, drive amplifier.

第二方面，提供一种天线调谐方法，该方法包括：设置阻抗调谐电路为基准状态，该基准状态是多个该阻抗调谐电路状态中的一个预设状态；在该基准状态下测量天线的状态参数，该状态参数可以为反射系数或者阻抗值；基于该状态参数做阻抗调谐，以实现阻抗匹配，该阻抗匹配可以为射频前端模块与该天线之间的阻抗匹配，阻抗调谐电路用于保证该射频前端模块的阻抗与该天线的阻抗满足或接近功率匹配条件。In a second aspect, an antenna tuning method is provided, the method comprising: setting an impedance tuning circuit as a reference state, the reference state being a preset state among a plurality of states of the impedance tuning circuit; measuring the state of the antenna under the reference state parameter, the state parameter can be a reflection coefficient or an impedance value; impedance tuning is performed based on the state parameter to achieve impedance matching, and the impedance matching can be the impedance matching between the RF front-end module and the antenna, and the impedance tuning circuit is used to ensure the The impedance of the RF front-end module and the impedance of the antenna meet or are close to the power matching condition.

在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该阻抗调谐电路包括并联的阻抗调谐器和开关电路，该基准状态为该开关电路闭合时该阻抗调谐电路的状态。In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the impedance tuning circuit includes an impedance tuner and a switch circuit connected in parallel, and the reference state is a state of the impedance tuning circuit when the switch circuit is closed.

在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该阻抗调谐电路在该基准状态下的端口反射参数小于第一阈值、端口间传输参数大于第二阈值。In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in the reference state, the port reflection parameter of the impedance tuning circuit is less than the first threshold, and the inter-port transmission parameter is greater than the second threshold.

在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，在该基准状态下测量天线的状态参数包括：当阻抗调谐电路处于该基准状态时测量第一反射系数，第一反射系数可以为反射系数检测器用于耦合射频信号的耦合点处的反射系数，第一反射系数可用于确定该天线的状态参数。示例性的，反射系数检测器包含方向耦合器，可用于获取传输通路上射频信号的前向耦合信号和反向耦合信号，从而基于该前向耦合信号和反向耦合信号即可确定耦合点处的第一反射系数。In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, measuring the state parameter of the antenna in the reference state includes: measuring a first reflection coefficient when the impedance tuning circuit is in the reference state, and the first reflection coefficient may be used by the reflection coefficient detector. The first reflection coefficient can be used to determine the state parameter of the antenna at the reflection coefficient at the coupling point where the radio frequency signal is coupled. Exemplarily, the reflection coefficient detector includes a directional coupler, which can be used to obtain the forward-coupling signal and the reverse-coupling signal of the radio frequency signal on the transmission path, so that the coupling point can be determined based on the forward-coupling signal and the reverse-coupling signal. The first reflection coefficient of .

在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：根据第一反射系数和第一参数模型确定第二反射系数，第一参数模型用于指示第一反射系数与第二反射系数之间的对应关系。In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the method further includes: determining a second reflection coefficient according to the first reflection coefficient and a first parameter model, where the first parameter model is used to indicate the first reflection coefficient and the second reflection coefficient Correspondence between.

在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，基于该状态参数做阻抗调谐，还包括：在满足预设条件时，基于该状态参数做阻抗调谐；其中，该预设条件可以包括以下任一项：发生指定事件，达到预设时长。In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, performing impedance tuning based on the state parameter further includes: when a preset condition is met, performing impedance tuning based on the state parameter; wherein the preset condition may include any of the following Item: The specified event occurs for a preset duration.

在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，基于该状态参数做阻抗调谐，以实现阻抗匹配，还包括：当确定当前获取的该天线的反射系数的偏移量模值大于预设门限时，基于当前获取的该天线的反射系数和第二参数模型，获取第二状态的阻抗控制字，第二参数模型用于指示多个天线反射系数中每个天线反射系数对应的阻抗调谐电路状态的阻抗控制字，比如，第二参数模型为天线反射系数与阻抗调谐电路状态的阻抗控制字之间的映射函数；基于第二状态的阻抗控制字将阻抗调谐电路设置为第二状态，从而使得该天线调谐装置处于阻抗匹配状态。In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, performing impedance tuning based on the state parameter to achieve impedance matching, further comprising: when it is determined that the currently acquired offset modulus value of the reflection coefficient of the antenna is greater than a preset threshold , based on the currently obtained reflection coefficient of the antenna and the second parameter model, obtain the impedance control word of the second state, and the second parameter model is used to indicate the impedance tuning circuit state corresponding to each antenna reflection coefficient in the multiple antenna reflection coefficients The impedance control word, for example, the second parameter model is a mapping function between the antenna reflection coefficient and the impedance control word of the impedance tuning circuit state; the impedance tuning circuit is set to the second state based on the impedance control word of the second state, so that the The antenna tuning device is in an impedance matching state.

在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，基于该状态参数做阻抗调谐，以实现阻抗匹配，包括：基于该状态参数对该天线做孔径调谐；基于该孔径调谐后的状态参数调谐该阻抗调谐电路，以实现阻抗匹配。也即是，先调节该孔径可调天线中的孔径为第一孔径状态，之后再根据第一孔径状态对应的天线反射系数调节阻抗调谐电路的状态，以实现阻抗匹配。In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, performing impedance tuning based on the state parameter to achieve impedance matching includes: performing aperture tuning on the antenna based on the state parameter; tuning the impedance based on the state parameter after the aperture tuning Tune the circuit for impedance matching. That is, the aperture in the adjustable aperture antenna is first adjusted to the first aperture state, and then the state of the impedance tuning circuit is adjusted according to the antenna reflection coefficient corresponding to the first aperture state to achieve impedance matching.

在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该孔径可调天线具有多个孔径状态，该多个孔径状态按照对应的频率点从低到高的顺序排列，且每个孔径状态对应有一个天线反射系数，则可以从该多个孔径状态中选择最小反射系数模值对应的第一孔径状态，并将该孔径可调天线设置为第一孔径状态。In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the tunable aperture antenna has multiple aperture states, the multiple aperture states are arranged in order of corresponding frequency points from low to high, and each aperture state corresponds to one antenna reflection coefficient, the first aperture state corresponding to the minimum reflection coefficient modulus value may be selected from the plurality of aperture states, and the aperture adjustable antenna may be set as the first aperture state.

在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该阻抗匹配为射频前端模块与该天线之间的阻抗匹配。In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the impedance matching is impedance matching between the radio frequency front-end module and the antenna.

第三方面，提供一种天线调谐方法，该方法包括：生成第一控制信号，第一控制信号用于使得阻抗调谐电路处于基准状态，该基准状态是多个该阻抗调谐电路状态中的一个预设状态；在该基准状态下确定天线的状态参数，该状态参数可以为反射系数或者阻抗值；基于该状态参数做阻抗调谐，以实现阻抗匹配，该阻抗匹配可以为射频前端模块与该天线之间的阻抗匹配，阻抗调谐电路用于保证该射频前端模块的阻抗与该天线的阻抗满足或接近功率匹配条件。In a third aspect, an antenna tuning method is provided, the method comprising: generating a first control signal, where the first control signal is used to make an impedance tuning circuit in a reference state, where the reference state is a preset of a plurality of states of the impedance tuning circuit Set the state; determine the state parameter of the antenna in the reference state, the state parameter can be the reflection coefficient or the impedance value; do impedance tuning based on the state parameter to achieve impedance matching, and the impedance matching can be the RF front-end module and the antenna. The impedance matching between the two, and the impedance tuning circuit is used to ensure that the impedance of the RF front-end module and the impedance of the antenna meet or are close to the power matching condition.

在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该阻抗调谐电路包括并联的阻抗调谐器和开关电路，该基准状态为该开关电路闭合时该阻抗调谐电路的状态。In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the impedance tuning circuit includes a parallel impedance tuner and a switch circuit, and the reference state is a state of the impedance tuning circuit when the switch circuit is closed.

在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该阻抗调谐电路在该基准状态下的端口反射参数小于第一阈值、端口间传输参数大于第二阈值。In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in the reference state, the port reflection parameter of the impedance tuning circuit is less than the first threshold, and the inter-port transmission parameter is greater than the second threshold.

在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中，在该基准状态下确定天线的状态参数包括：当阻抗调谐电路处于该基准状态时确定第一反射系数，第一反射系数可以为反射系数检测器用于耦合射频信号的耦合点处的反射系数，第一反射系数可用于确定该天线的状态参数。示例性的，反射系数检测器包含方向耦合器，可用于获取传输通路上射频信号的前向耦合信号和反向耦合信号，从而处理器可以基于该前向耦合信号和反向耦合信号即可确定耦合点处的第一反射系数。In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, determining the state parameter of the antenna in the reference state includes: determining a first reflection coefficient when the impedance tuning circuit is in the reference state, and the first reflection coefficient may be used by the reflection coefficient detector. The first reflection coefficient can be used to determine the state parameter of the antenna at the reflection coefficient at the coupling point where the radio frequency signal is coupled. Exemplarily, the reflection coefficient detector includes a directional coupler, which can be used to obtain a forward-coupling signal and a reverse-coupling signal of the radio frequency signal on the transmission path, so that the processor can determine based on the forward-coupling signal and the reverse-coupling signal. The first reflection coefficient at the coupling point.

在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：根据第一反射系数和第一参数模型确定第二反射系数，第一参数模型用于指示第一反射系数与第二反射系数之间的对应关系。In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the method further includes: determining a second reflection coefficient according to the first reflection coefficient and a first parameter model, where the first parameter model is used to indicate the first reflection coefficient and the second reflection coefficient Correspondence between.

在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中，基于该状态参数做阻抗调谐，还包括：在满足预设条件时，基于该状态参数做阻抗调谐；其中，该预设条件可以包括以下任一项：发生指定事件，达到预设时长。In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, performing impedance tuning based on the state parameter further includes: when a preset condition is met, performing impedance tuning based on the state parameter; wherein the preset condition may include any of the following Item: The specified event occurs for a preset duration.

在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中，基于该状态参数做阻抗调谐，以实现阻抗匹配，还包括：当确定当前获取的该天线的反射系数的偏移量模值大于预设门限时，基于当前获取的该天线的反射系数和第二参数模型，获取第二状态的阻抗控制字，第二参数模型用于指示多个天线反射系数中每个天线反射系数对应的阻抗调谐电路状态的阻抗控制字，比如，第二参数模型为天线反射系数与阻抗调谐电路状态的阻抗控制字之间的映射函数；基于第二状态的阻抗控制字将阻抗调谐电路设置为第二状态，从而使得该天线调谐装置处于阻抗匹配状态。In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, performing impedance tuning based on the state parameter to achieve impedance matching, further comprising: when it is determined that the currently acquired offset modulus value of the reflection coefficient of the antenna is greater than a preset threshold , based on the currently obtained reflection coefficient of the antenna and the second parameter model, obtain the impedance control word of the second state, and the second parameter model is used to indicate the impedance tuning circuit state corresponding to each antenna reflection coefficient in the multiple antenna reflection coefficients The impedance control word, for example, the second parameter model is a mapping function between the antenna reflection coefficient and the impedance control word of the impedance tuning circuit state; the impedance tuning circuit is set to the second state based on the impedance control word of the second state, so that the The antenna tuning device is in an impedance matching state.

在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中，基于该状态参数做阻抗调谐，以实现阻抗匹配，包括：基于该状态参数对该天线做孔径调谐；基于该孔径调谐后的状态参数调谐该阻抗调谐电路，以实现阻抗匹配。也即是，处理器可以先调节该孔径可调天线中的孔径为第一孔径状态，之后再根据第一孔径状态对应的天线反射系数调节阻抗调谐电路的状态，以实现阻抗匹配。In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, performing impedance tuning based on the state parameter to achieve impedance matching includes: performing aperture tuning on the antenna based on the state parameter; tuning the impedance based on the state parameter after the aperture tuning Tune the circuit for impedance matching. That is, the processor may first adjust the aperture in the adjustable aperture antenna to the first aperture state, and then adjust the state of the impedance tuning circuit according to the antenna reflection coefficient corresponding to the first aperture state to achieve impedance matching.

在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该孔径可调天线具有多个孔径状态，该多个孔径状态按照对应的频率点从低到高的顺序排列，且每个孔径状态对应有一个天线反射系数，则可以从该多个孔径状态中选择最小反射系数模值对应的第一孔径状态，并将该孔径可调天线设置为第一孔径状态。In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the tunable aperture antenna has multiple aperture states, the multiple aperture states are arranged in order of corresponding frequency points from low to high, and each aperture state corresponds to one antenna reflection coefficient, the first aperture state corresponding to the minimum reflection coefficient modulus value may be selected from the plurality of aperture states, and the aperture adjustable antenna may be set as the first aperture state.

在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该阻抗匹配为射频前端模块与该天线之间的阻抗匹配。In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the impedance matching is impedance matching between the radio frequency front-end module and the antenna.

在本申请的另一方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序，当该计算机可读存储介质在设备上运行时，使得该设备执行如第二方面或者第二方面的任一种可能的实现方式所提供的天线调谐方法。In another aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, and a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer-readable storage medium runs on a device, the device causes the device to perform the second aspect Or the antenna tuning method provided by any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.

在本申请的另一方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序，当该计算机可读存储介质在设备上运行时，使得该设备执行如第三方面或者第三方面的任一种可能的实现方式所提供的天线调谐方法。In another aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, and a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer-readable storage medium runs on a device, the device causes the device to perform the third aspect Or the antenna tuning method provided by any possible implementation manner of the third aspect.

本申请的又一方面，提供一种计算机程序产品，当该计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行第二方面或者第二方面的任一项可能的实现方式所提供的天线调谐方法。Another aspect of the present application provides a computer program product, which, when the computer program product runs on a computer, causes the computer to execute the antenna tuning method provided by the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect .

本申请的又一方面，提供一种计算机程序产品，当该计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行第三方面或者第三方面的任一项可能的实现方式所提供的天线调谐方法。Another aspect of the present application provides a computer program product, which, when the computer program product runs on a computer, causes the computer to execute the antenna tuning method provided by the third aspect or any possible implementation manner of the third aspect .

可以理解地，上述提供的任一种天线调谐方法、可读存储介质和计算机程序产品均包含了上文所提供的对应装置的中技术特征，因此，其所能达到的有益效果可参考上文所提供的对应的装置中的有益效果，此处不再赘述。It can be understood that any of the antenna tuning methods, readable storage media and computer program products provided above all include the technical features of the corresponding devices provided above, and therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can refer to the above. The beneficial effects in the corresponding device provided will not be repeated here.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本申请实施例提供的一种终端的结构示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;

图2为本申请实施例提供的一种射频传输模型的结构示意图；2 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency transmission model provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图3为本申请实施例提供的一种天线调谐装置的结构示意图；FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna tuning apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图4为本申请实施例提供的另一种天线调谐装置的结构示意图；FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna tuning apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图5为本申请实施例提供的又一种天线调谐装置的结构示意图；FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna tuning apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图6为本申请实施例提供的一种多组数据对的映射示意图；6 is a schematic diagram of mapping of multiple groups of data pairs provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图7为本申请实施例提供的另一种天线调谐装置的结构示意图；FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna tuning apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图8为本申请实施例提供的一种选择孔径状态的示意图；FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a selected aperture state provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图9为本申请实施例提供的又一种天线调谐装置的结构示意图；FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna tuning apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图10为本申请实施例提供的一种天线调谐方法的流程示意图；10 is a schematic flowchart of an antenna tuning method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图11为本申请实施例提供的另一种天线调谐方法的流程示意图；11 is a schematic flowchart of another antenna tuning method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图12为本申请实施例提供的又一种天线调谐方法的流程示意图。FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of still another antenna tuning method provided by an embodiment of the present application.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

本申请中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况，其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a，b，或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，b，c，a和b，a和c，b和c，或a、b和c，其中a，b，c可以是单个，也可以是多个。另外，本申请的实施例采用了“第一”、“第二”等字样对名称或功能或作用类似的对象进行区分，本领域技术人员可以理解“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定。“耦合”一词用于表示电性连接，包括通过导线或连接端直接相连或通过其他器件间接相连。因此“耦合”应被视为是一种广义上的电子通信连接。In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "And/or", which describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicates that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can indicate: the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B at the same time, and the existence of B alone, where A, B can be singular or plural. "At least one item(s) below" or similar expressions thereof refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s). For example, at least one (a) of a, b, or c may represent: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a, b and c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple. In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish objects with similar names or functions or functions. Those skilled in the art can understand that words such as "first" and "second" do not The quantity and execution order are not limited. The term "coupled" is used to denote electrical connection, including direct connection through wires or terminals or indirect connection through other devices. Therefore "coupling" should be regarded as an electronic communication connection in a broad sense.

本申请中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请中被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其他实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用“示例性的”或者“例如” 等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念。In this application, the words "exemplary" or "such as" are used to mean serving as an example, illustration, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described in this application as "exemplary" or "such as" should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, use of words such as "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present the related concepts in a specific manner.

本申请的技术方案可以应用于采用天线调谐装置的各种无线通信设备中。该无线通信设备可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持或车载。也可以部署在水面上(如轮船等)。还可以部署在空中(例如飞机、气球和卫星上等)。比如，该无线通道设备可以为终端，包括但不限于：手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、掌上电脑、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device，MID)、可穿戴设备(例如智能手表、智能手环、计步器等)、车载设备(例如，汽车、自行车、电动车、飞机、船舶、火车、高铁等)、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、智能家居设备(例如，冰箱、电视、空调、电表等)、智能机器人、车间设备、无人驾驶(self-driving)中的无线终端、远程手术(remote medical surgery)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端，或智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端、飞行设备(例如，智能机器人、热气球、无人机、飞机)等。The technical solutions of the present application can be applied to various wireless communication devices using an antenna tuning device. The wireless communication device can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, hand-held or vehicle-mounted. It can also be deployed on water (such as ships, etc.). It can also be deployed in the air (eg on airplanes, balloons, satellites, etc.). For example, the wireless channel device can be a terminal, including but not limited to: a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a PDA, a mobile internet device (MID), a wearable device (such as a smart watch, a smart wristbands, pedometers, etc.), in-vehicle devices (such as cars, bicycles, electric vehicles, airplanes, ships, trains, high-speed trains, etc.), virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices , wireless terminals in industrial control, smart home equipment (such as refrigerators, TVs, air conditioners, electricity meters, etc.), intelligent robots, workshop equipment, wireless terminals in self-driving, remote surgery ( Wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, wireless terminals in smart grid, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart city, or smart home wireless terminals, flying equipment (for example, intelligent robots, hot air balloons, drones, airplanes), etc.

图1为本申请实施例提供的一种终端的结构示意图，该终端以手机为例进行说明。该终端包括：基带处理器(modem)、射频集成电路(radio frequency integrated circuit，RFIC)、射频前端模块(radio frequency front end module，RF FEM)和天线(antenna)。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application, and the terminal is described by taking a mobile phone as an example. The terminal includes: a baseband processor (modem), a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC), a radio frequency front end module (radio frequency front end module, RF FEM) and an antenna (antenna).

其中，基带处理器具有基带处理功能，可用于处理基带信号。射频集成电路RFIC可用于实现基带信号与射频信号之间的调制或解调。射频集成电路RFIC中可以包括一个或者多个发射通道、以及一个或者多个接收通道，每个发射通道中可以包括模数转换器(analog to digital converter，DAC)、低通滤波器(low pass filter，LPF)和上转换器(up converter)、以及驱动放大器(driver amplifier，DA)，每个接收通道中可以包括数模转换器(digital to analog converter，ADC)、低通滤波器(low pass filter，LPF)和下转换器(down converter)。射频前端模块RF FEM可用于提供功率放大或滤波等功能。射频前端模块中也可以包括一个或者多个发射(transmit，Tx)通道、以及一个或者多个接收(receive，Rx)通道，每个发射通道可以包括功率放大器(power amplifier，PA)、发射滤波器(Tx filter)和双工器(duplexer)，每个接收通道中可以包括低噪声放大器(low noise amplifier，LNA)和双工器(duplexer)，双工器也可以替换为天线开关(antenna switches)。天线可用于实现信号的接收或发送，即实现射频信号与电磁波之间的能量转换。The baseband processor has a baseband processing function and can be used to process baseband signals. The radio frequency integrated circuit RFIC can be used to realize modulation or demodulation between baseband signals and radio frequency signals. The radio frequency integrated circuit RFIC may include one or more transmit channels and one or more receive channels, and each transmit channel may include an analog to digital converter (analog to digital converter, DAC), a low pass filter (low pass filter) , LPF) and up converter (up converter), and driver amplifier (driver amplifier, DA), each receiving channel may include digital to analog converter (digital to analog converter, ADC), low pass filter (low pass filter) , LPF) and down converter. The RF front-end module RF FEM can be used to provide functions such as power amplification or filtering. The RF front-end module may also include one or more transmit (transmit, Tx) channels and one or more receive (receive, Rx) channels, and each transmit channel may include a power amplifier (power amplifier, PA), a transmit filter (Tx filter) and duplexer (duplexer), each receiving channel can include low noise amplifier (low noise amplifier, LNA) and duplexer (duplexer), duplexer can also be replaced by antenna switches (antenna switches) . Antennas can be used to receive or transmit signals, that is, to achieve energy conversion between radio frequency signals and electromagnetic waves.

进一步的，如图1所示，该终端中还包括天线调谐装置，该天线调谐装置可用于实现射频前端模块RF FEM至天线的阻抗匹配。其中，该天线调谐装置中可以包括一个或者多个器件，比如图1中以该天线调谐装置可以包括方向耦合器(directional coupler)、以及阻抗调谐电路为例进行说明。可选的，该天线调谐装置中的全部器件或功能可以是单独设置的，也可以是部分或全部器件或功能集成在该终端的基带处理器、射频集成电路RFIC、射频前端模块RF FEM或者天线中的，本申请实施对此不作具体限制。Further, as shown in FIG. 1 , the terminal also includes an antenna tuning device, and the antenna tuning device can be used to realize impedance matching from the RF front-end module RF FEM to the antenna. Wherein, the antenna tuning apparatus may include one or more devices. For example, in FIG. 1 , the antenna tuning apparatus may include a directional coupler and an impedance tuning circuit as an example for illustration. Optionally, all the devices or functions in the antenna tuning device may be set independently, or some or all of the devices or functions may be integrated in the terminal's baseband processor, radio frequency integrated circuit RFIC, radio frequency front-end module RF FEM or antenna. , the implementation of this application does not specifically limit this.

在该天线调谐装置中，通过方向耦合器对传输通路(比如，发射通道或接收通道)上的前向耦合信号和反向耦合信号的检测，可得到耦合点的反射系数和驻波比等参数，基于该参数可实时监测天线的阻抗匹配状态。若阻抗失配则可通过调谐阻抗调谐电路来达到阻抗匹配，以此来提高传输通路的传输性能。其中，从方向耦合器的耦合点测量天线入口处的反射系数时，该天线调谐装置可以等效为如图2所示的射频传输模型，若耦合点处测量的反射系数表示为Γ _in、负载侧的反射系数表示为Γ _L，则耦合点与负载间的传输可以等效为一个传输矩阵为S(包括S ₁₁、S ₁₂、S ₂₁和S ₂₂)的二端口网络。在图2中，该二端口网络的左侧为信号源AC且等效的内阻抗为Z _S，二端口网络的右侧为负载且阻抗为Z _L，Γ _L与Z _L之间满足如下公式(1)，式中Z ₀表示传输线特征阻抗。该二端口网络两侧的反射系数Γ _in和Γ _L、与传输矩阵S(包括S ₁₁、S ₁₂、S ₂₁和S ₂₂)之间满足如下公式(2)。其中，S ₁₁表示第一端口(或输入端口)的反射参数，S ₂₂表示第二端口(或输出端口)的反射参数，该反射参数可以为电压反射系数，S ₁₂表示第一端口至第二端口的端口间传输参数，S ₂₁表示第二端口至第一端口的端口间传输参数，该端口间传输增益可以是电压增益。 In the antenna tuning device, the parameters such as the reflection coefficient and the standing wave ratio of the coupling point can be obtained by detecting the forward coupling signal and the reverse coupling signal on the transmission channel (for example, the transmitting channel or the receiving channel) by the directional coupler. , based on this parameter, the impedance matching state of the antenna can be monitored in real time. If the impedance is mismatched, the impedance matching can be achieved by tuning the impedance tuning circuit, thereby improving the transmission performance of the transmission path. Among them, when the reflection coefficient at the entrance of the antenna is measured from the coupling point of the directional coupler, the antenna tuning device can be equivalent to the radio frequency transmission model shown in Figure 2. If the reflection coefficient measured at the coupling point is expressed as Γ _in , load The reflection coefficient on the side is expressed as Γ _L , then the transmission between the coupling point and the load can be equivalent to a two-port network with a transmission matrix S (including S ₁₁ , S ₁₂ , S ₂₁ and S ₂₂ ). In Figure 2, the left side of the two-port network is the signal source AC and the equivalent internal impedance is Z _S , the right side of the two-port network is the load and the impedance is Z _L , the relationship between Γ _L and Z _L satisfies the following formula (1), where Z ₀ represents the characteristic impedance of the transmission line. The reflection coefficients Γ _in and Γ _L on both sides of the two-port network and the transmission matrix S (including S ₁₁ , S ₁₂ , S ₂₁ and S ₂₂ ) satisfy the following formula (2). Wherein, S ₁₁ represents the reflection parameter of the first port (or input port), S ₂₂ represents the reflection parameter of the second port (or output port), the reflection parameter may be the voltage reflection coefficient, and S ₁₂ represents the first port to the second port The inter-port transmission parameter of the port, _S21 represents the inter-port transmission parameter from the second port to the first port, and the inter-port transmission gain may be a voltage gain.

图3为本申请实施例提供的一种天线调谐装置的结构示意图，该天线调谐装置包括：阻抗调谐电路31、以及与阻抗调谐电路31耦合的接口电路32，阻抗调谐电路31与天线30耦合。3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna tuning apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application. The antenna tuning apparatus includes an impedance tuning circuit 31 and an interface circuit 32 coupled to the impedance tuning circuit 31 . The impedance tuning circuit 31 is coupled to the antenna 30 .

阻抗调谐电路31用于提供阻抗匹配，比如，在该天线30随着工作频率或使用场景的变化导致该天线30的阻抗发生变化时始终用于保持阻抗匹配，该阻抗匹配具体可以是指信号源阻抗与负载阻抗之间满足或接近功率匹配条件，即信号源阻抗与负载阻抗满足共轭相等，这里的信号源和阻抗与信号的传输方向有关。在一种可能的实施例中，当该天线调谐装置应用于包括射频前端模块的无线通信设备中时，该阻抗匹配可以为射频前端模块与该天线30之间的阻抗匹配，阻抗调谐电路31耦合在射频前端模块与该天线30之间，用于保证该射频前端模块的阻抗与该天线30的阻抗满足或接近功率匹配条件。其中，当该天线30用于接收射频信号时，该天线30为信号源，该射频前端模块即为负载；当该天线30用于发送射频信号时，该射频前端模块为信号源，该天线30为负载。The impedance tuning circuit 31 is used to provide impedance matching, for example, when the impedance of the antenna 30 changes due to changes in the working frequency or usage scenarios, it is always used to maintain impedance matching, and the impedance matching may specifically refer to a signal source The impedance and the load impedance meet or are close to the power matching condition, that is, the signal source impedance and the load impedance satisfy the conjugate equal, and the signal source and impedance here are related to the transmission direction of the signal. In a possible embodiment, when the antenna tuning apparatus is applied to a wireless communication device including a radio frequency front-end module, the impedance matching may be impedance matching between the radio frequency front-end module and the antenna 30, and the impedance tuning circuit 31 is coupled to Between the RF front-end module and the antenna 30 , it is used to ensure that the impedance of the RF front-end module and the impedance of the antenna 30 meet or are close to the power matching condition. Wherein, when the antenna 30 is used to receive radio frequency signals, the antenna 30 is the signal source, and the radio frequency front-end module is the load; when the antenna 30 is used to send radio frequency signals, the radio frequency front-end module is the signal source, and the antenna 30 for the load.

阻抗调谐电路31具有基准状态，该基准状态为多个阻抗调谐电路31状态中的一个预设状态，该基准状态用于该天线的状态参数的测量。其中，阻抗调谐电路31中可以包括：一个或者多个可调谐器件(比如，可调电容、可调电感或开关等)，和/或一个或者多个不可调谐器件(比如，固定电容或电感等)。多个阻抗调谐电路31状态可以由这一个或者多个可调谐器件的状态、以及这一个或者多个不可调谐器件的状态的组合构成。比如，阻抗调谐电路包括可调电容C1和C2，假设可调电容C1和C2均包括3个不同电容值的调节，则可调电容C1的状态和可调电容C2的状态组合后可以得到9个组合状态，若这9个组合状态下的等效电容均不相等，则多个阻抗调谐电路31状态可以为这9个组合状态，该基准状态可以被预先设置为这9个组合状态中的某一个状态。The impedance tuning circuit 31 has a reference state, and the reference state is a preset state among a plurality of states of the impedance tuning circuit 31 , and the reference state is used for measuring the state parameters of the antenna. The impedance tuning circuit 31 may include: one or more tunable devices (eg, adjustable capacitors, adjustable inductors or switches, etc.), and/or one or more non-tunable devices (eg, fixed capacitors or inductors, etc.) ). The plurality of impedance tuning circuit 31 states may consist of a combination of the states of the one or more tunable devices, and the states of the one or more non-tunable devices. For example, the impedance tuning circuit includes adjustable capacitors C1 and C2. Assuming that the adjustable capacitors C1 and C2 both include adjustment of three different capacitance values, the state of the adjustable capacitor C1 and the state of the adjustable capacitor C2 can be combined to obtain nine Combined state, if the equivalent capacitances in these nine combined states are not equal, the states of the plurality of impedance tuning circuits 31 can be these nine combined states, and the reference state can be preset as one of these nine combined states. a state.

接口电路32，用于接收第一控制信号S _C1，第一控制信号S _C1用于将阻抗调谐电路 31设置为基准状态。其中，第一控制信号S _C1可以用于指示该基准状态的阻抗控制字，比如，阻抗调谐电路31包括一个或者多个可调器件、以及一个或者多个不可调器件，该阻抗控制字可以包括该基准状态下这一个或者多个可调器件中每个器件的状态、以及这一个或者多个不可调器件中每个器件的状态。 The interface circuit 32 is used to receive the first control signal S _C1 , and the first control signal S _C1 is used to set the impedance tuning circuit 31 to a reference state. The first control signal S _C1 may be used to indicate the impedance control word of the reference state. For example, the impedance tuning circuit 31 includes one or more adjustable devices and one or more non-adjustable devices, and the impedance control word may include The state of each of the one or more adjustable devices and the state of each of the one or more non-adjustable devices in the reference state.

在本申请实施例中，接口电路32接收的第一控制信号S _C1可用于将阻抗调谐电路31设置为基准状态，该基准状态用于该天线30的状态参数的测量，即在该基准状态下测量该天线30的状态参数，同时阻抗调谐电路31可基于该状态参数提供阻抗匹配，该基准状态为多个阻抗调谐电路31状态中的一个预设状态，这样在该天线30的阻抗匹配的过程中只需要基于该基准状态下测量的该天线的状态参数做阻抗调谐，而无需在多个阻抗调谐电路状态中的其他状态下做阻抗调谐，从而与现有技术相比，大大降低了天线调谐过程中的存储开销和调谐时延，进而降低了设备成本，提高了用户体验。 In this embodiment of the present application, the first control signal S _C1 received by the interface circuit 32 can be used to set the impedance tuning circuit 31 to a reference state, where the reference state is used for measuring the state parameters of the antenna 30 , that is, in the reference state The state parameter of the antenna 30 is measured, and the impedance tuning circuit 31 can provide impedance matching based on the state parameter, and the reference state is a preset state among a plurality of states of the impedance tuning circuit 31, so that in the process of impedance matching of the antenna 30 It is only necessary to perform impedance tuning based on the state parameters of the antenna measured in the reference state, and it is not necessary to perform impedance tuning in other states of the multiple impedance tuning circuit states, thereby greatly reducing the antenna tuning compared with the prior art. Storage overhead and tuning delay in the process, thereby reducing equipment costs and improving user experience.

在一种可能的实施例中，阻抗调谐电路31在该基准状态下的端口反射参数的绝对值小于第一阈值、端口间传输参数的绝对值大于第二阈值。其中，若阻抗调谐电路31两端的端口表示为第一端口和第二端口，该端口反射参数可以包括第一端口的反射参数S ₁₁和第二端口的反射参数S ₂₂，该端口间传输参数可以包括第一端口至第二端口的端口间传输参数S ₁₂、以及第二端口至第一端口的端口间传输参数S ₂₁，则阻抗调谐电路31在该基准状态下满足：|S ₁₁|≤Δ ₁,|S ₂₂|≤Δ ₁，|S ₁₂|≥Δ ₂,|S ₂₁|≥Δ ₂。其中，Δ ₁,Δ ₂分别表示第一阈值和第二阈值，例如，Δ ₁＝0.2,Δ ₂＝0.8。 In a possible embodiment, the absolute value of the port reflection parameter of the impedance tuning circuit 31 in the reference state is smaller than the first threshold, and the absolute value of the inter-port transmission parameter is larger than the second threshold. Wherein, if the ports at both ends of the impedance tuning circuit 31 are denoted as the first port and the second port, the port reflection parameter may include the reflection parameter S ₁₁ of the first port and the reflection parameter S ₂₂ of the second port, and the inter-port transmission parameter may be Including the inter-port transmission parameter S ₁₂ from the first port to the second port and the inter-port transmission parameter S ₂₁ from the second port to the first port, the impedance tuning circuit 31 satisfies: |S ₁₁ |≤Δ under the reference state ₁ , |S ₂₂ |≤Δ ₁ , |S ₁₂ |≥Δ ₂ , |S ₂₁ |≥Δ ₂ . Wherein, Δ ₁ and Δ ₂ respectively represent the first threshold and the second threshold, for example, Δ ₁ =0.2, Δ ₂ =0.8.

示例的，如图4所示，阻抗调谐电路31包括并联的阻抗调谐器311和开关电路312，该基准状态为开关电路312闭合时阻抗调谐电路31的状态。当开关电路312闭合时，阻抗调谐器311被旁路掉，此时阻抗调谐电路31可以近似等效为射频传输线，该基准状态也可以称为直通状态，这样在测量天线30的状态参数时不受阻抗调谐器311的阻抗影响，从而大大提高了天线30的状态参数的测量准确度。其中，射频传输线的端口反射参数S ₁₁和S ₂₂满足|S ₁₂|＝|S ₂₁|＝1，端口间传输参数满足|S ₁₁|＝|S ₂₂|＝0。 Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 4 , the impedance tuning circuit 31 includes an impedance tuner 311 and a switch circuit 312 connected in parallel, and the reference state is the state of the impedance tuning circuit 31 when the switch circuit 312 is closed. When the switch circuit 312 is closed, the impedance tuner 311 is bypassed. At this time, the impedance tuning circuit 31 can be approximately equivalent to a radio frequency transmission line. The reference state can also be called a straight-through state. Affected by the impedance of the impedance tuner 311 , the measurement accuracy of the state parameters of the antenna 30 is greatly improved. The port reflection parameters S ₁₁ and S ₂₂ of the radio frequency transmission line satisfy |S ₁₂ |=|S ₂₁ |=1, and the inter-port transmission parameters satisfy |S ₁₁ |= |S ₂₂ |=0.

可替换的，阻抗调谐电路31中也可以仅包括阻抗调谐器311、而不包括开关电路312，此时，该基准状态可以为多个阻抗调谐器311状态中的一个特定状态，该特定状态可以具有较小的端口反射参数和较大的端口间传输参数。Alternatively, the impedance tuning circuit 31 may only include the impedance tuner 311 without including the switch circuit 312. In this case, the reference state may be a specific state among the states of the plurality of impedance tuners 311, and the specific state may be Has smaller port reflection parameters and larger inter-port transmission parameters.

进一步的，如图5所示，该装置还包括：反射系数检测器33，用于当阻抗调谐电路31处于该基准状态时测量第一反射系数，第一反射系数可以为反射系数检测器33用于耦合射频信号的耦合点处的反射系数，第一反射系数可用于确定该天线30的状态参数。其中，反射系数检测器33可以为方向耦合器，可用于获取传输通路上射频信号的前向耦合信号和反向耦合信号。基于该前向耦合信号和反向耦合信号即可确定耦合点处的第一反射系数。另外，该天线30的状态参数可以为反射系数或者阻抗值，该天线30的反射系数和阻抗值之间可以满足如下公式(3)，式中Γ _Ant表示该天线30的反射系数，Z _Ant表示该天线30的阻抗值，Z ₀表示传输线特征阻抗，通常为50欧姆的常数。 Further, as shown in FIG. 5 , the device further includes: a reflection coefficient detector 33 for measuring the first reflection coefficient when the impedance tuning circuit 31 is in the reference state, and the first reflection coefficient can be used by the reflection coefficient detector 33 The first reflection coefficient can be used to determine the state parameter of the antenna 30 based on the reflection coefficient at the coupling point where the RF signal is coupled. Wherein, the reflection coefficient detector 33 may be a directional coupler, which may be used to acquire the forward coupled signal and the reverse coupled signal of the radio frequency signal on the transmission path. The first reflection coefficient at the coupling point can be determined based on the forward coupled signal and the reverse coupled signal. In addition, the state parameter of the antenna 30 may be a reflection coefficient or an impedance value, and the relationship between the reflection coefficient and the impedance value of the antenna 30 may satisfy the following formula (3), where Γ _Ant represents the reflection coefficient of the antenna 30, and Z _Ant represents the The impedance value of the antenna 30, Z ₀ represents the characteristic impedance of the transmission line, which is usually a constant of 50 ohms.

需要说明的是，基于该前向耦合信号和反向耦合信号确定耦合点处的第一反射系数，根据该天线30的阻抗值确定该天线30的反射系数、或者该天线30的反射系数确定该天线30的阻抗值的相关计算可以由下文中的处理器34来执行。It should be noted that, the first reflection coefficient at the coupling point is determined based on the forward coupling signal and the reverse coupling signal, the reflection coefficient of the antenna 30 is determined according to the impedance value of the antenna 30, or the reflection coefficient of the antenna 30 is determined. The relevant calculation of the impedance value of the antenna 30 may be performed by the processor 34 hereinafter.

进一步的，如图5所示，该装置还包括：与接口电路32耦合的处理器34，用于输出第一控制信号S _C1，处理器34可以为基带处理器、微处理器或者其他处理器等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限制。具体的，当需要通过该天线调谐装置测量该天线30的状态参数时，处理器34可以通过接口电路32输出第一控制信号S _C1，以将阻抗调谐电路31设置为基准状态，从而反射系数检测器33可以在阻抗调谐电路31处于该基准状态时，测量该天线30的状态参数，即测量该天线的反射系数或阻抗值。下文中将该天线30的反射系数称为第二反射系数，并以第一反射系数用于确定第二反射系数为例进行说明。 Further, as shown in FIG. 5 , the apparatus further includes: a processor 34 coupled with the interface circuit 32 for outputting the first control signal S _C1 , the processor 34 may be a baseband processor, a microprocessor or other processors etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application. Specifically, when the state parameter of the antenna 30 needs to be measured by the antenna tuning device, the processor 34 can output the first control signal S _C1 through the interface circuit 32 to set the impedance tuning circuit 31 to the reference state, so as to detect the reflection coefficient The controller 33 can measure the state parameter of the antenna 30 when the impedance tuning circuit 31 is in the reference state, that is, measure the reflection coefficient or impedance value of the antenna. Hereinafter, the reflection coefficient of the antenna 30 is referred to as the second reflection coefficient, and the first reflection coefficient is used to determine the second reflection coefficient as an example for description.

示例性的，处理器34可用于在满足预设条件时输出第一控制信号S _C1，即处理器34可以在满足预设条件时通过接口电路32输出第一控制信号S _C1，以将阻抗调谐电路31设置为基准状态，该预设条件可以包括以下任一项：发生指定事件，达到预设时长。其中，该指定事件和预设时长可以事先进行设置，比如，该指定事件可以包括频点切换事件、通信中断事件或天线切换事件中的一个或者多个，该预设时长可以为50ms或者500ms等。 Exemplarily, the processor 34 may be configured to output the first control signal S _C1 when the preset condition is met, that is, the processor 34 may output the first control signal S _C1 through the interface circuit 32 when the preset condition is met, so as to tune the impedance. The circuit 31 is set to a reference state, and the preset condition may include any one of the following: a specified event occurs and a preset duration is reached. The specified event and the preset duration can be set in advance. For example, the specified event can include one or more of a frequency point switching event, a communication interruption event or an antenna switching event, and the preset duration can be 50ms or 500ms, etc. .

可选的，处理器34还用于：根据第一反射系数确定该天线30的第二反射系数。在一种可能的实现方式中，处理器34根据第一反射系数和第一参数模型确定第二反射系数，第一参数模型用于指示第一反射系数与第二反射系数之间的对应关系。第一参数模型可以是在一定频率和温度下基于事先测量得到的多个第一反射系数和多个第二反射系数得到的。通过建立第一参数模型，以及根据第一反射系数和第一参数模型确定第二反射系数，即可确定该天线的状态参数。Optionally, the processor 34 is further configured to: determine the second reflection coefficient of the antenna 30 according to the first reflection coefficient. In a possible implementation manner, the processor 34 determines the second reflection coefficient according to the first reflection coefficient and the first parameter model, where the first parameter model is used to indicate the correspondence between the first reflection coefficient and the second reflection coefficient. The first parameter model may be obtained based on a plurality of first reflection coefficients and a plurality of second reflection coefficients measured in advance at a certain frequency and temperature. By establishing the first parameter model and determining the second reflection coefficient according to the first reflection coefficient and the first parameter model, the state parameter of the antenna can be determined.

示例性的，反射系数检测器33的耦合点与该天线30入口之间的部分在阻抗调谐电路31处于基准状态时是固定参数的二端口网络，即S ₁₁、S ₁₂、S ₂₁和S ₂₂是固定的。基于二端口网络传输特性，建立在参考工作频率(比如，窄带***的中心载波频率)、以及室温25摄氏度下的第一参数模型如下公式(4)所示。 Exemplarily, the part between the coupling point of the reflection coefficient detector 33 and the entrance of the antenna 30 is a two-port network with fixed parameters when the impedance tuning circuit 31 is in the reference state, namely S ₁₁ , S ₁₂ , S ₂₁ and S ₂₂ It is fixed. Based on the transmission characteristics of the two-port network, the first parameter model established at the reference operating frequency (for example, the center carrier frequency of the narrowband system) and the room temperature of 25 degrees Celsius is shown in the following formula (4).

式中，Γ _Ant表示天线30入口处的第二反射系数，Γ _Cpl表示耦合点处测量得到的第一反射系数，a,b,c分别表示第一参数模型中的复系数，其与两个端口构成的二端口网络的传输参数的关系为a＝-S ₁₁,b＝S ₁₂S ₂₁-S ₂₂S ₁₁,c＝S ₂₂。 In the formula, Γ _Ant represents the second reflection coefficient at the entrance of the antenna 30, Γ _Cpl represents the first reflection coefficient measured at the coupling point, a, b, c respectively represent the complex coefficients in the first parameter model, which are related to the two The relationship of the transmission parameters of the two-port network composed of ports is a=-S ₁₁ , b=S ₁₂ S ₂₁ -S ₂₂ S ₁₁ , c=S ₂₂ .

在一种示例性中，处理器34分别通过接口电路32设置阻抗调谐电路为基准状态后获取至少三个不同的第二反射系数对应的第一反射系数，即获取至少三个反射系数对，每个反射系数对包括一个第一反射系数Γ _Cpl和一个第二反射系数Γ _Ant。之后，基于至少三个反射系数对上述公式(4)即可确定上述三个复系数a,b,c。或者，基于至少三个反射系数对中的任意三个反射系数对和如下公式(5)确定上述三个复系数a,b,c。式中，(Γ _in ⁽ⁱ⁾,Γ _MRx ⁽ⁱ⁾),i＝1,2,N表示至少三个反射系数对。 In an example, the processor 34 respectively sets the impedance tuning circuit to the reference state through the interface circuit 32 to obtain the first reflection coefficients corresponding to at least three different second reflection coefficients, that is, to obtain at least three pairs of reflection coefficients, each The reflection coefficient pairs include a first reflection coefficient Γ _Cpl and a second reflection coefficient Γ _Ant . Afterwards, the above three complex coefficients a, b, c can be determined based on at least three reflection coefficients to the above formula (4). Alternatively, the above-mentioned three complex coefficients a, b, c are determined based on any three pairs of reflection coefficients among at least three pairs of reflection coefficients and the following formula (5). In the formula, (Γ _in ⁽ⁱ⁾ , Γ _MRx ⁽ⁱ⁾ ), i=1, 2, N represents at least three pairs of reflection coefficients.

在另一种示例中，当反射系数检测器33的耦合点与天线30的输入端口组成的二端口网络可以被其他仪器连接时，也可以直接通过这些仪器测量得到基准状态下的二端口网络的参数(即S ₁₁、S ₁₂、S ₂₁和S ₂₂)。比如，这些仪器可以为矢量网络分析仪器，具体可用于在参考工作频率(比如，窄带***的中心载波频率)、以及室温25摄氏度下，测量阻抗调谐器在基准状态下的二端口网络的参数，即测量S ₁₁、S ₁₂、S ₂₁和S ₂₂。 In another example, when the two-port network formed by the coupling point of the reflection coefficient detector 33 and the input port of the antenna 30 can be connected to other instruments, the two-port network in the reference state can also be directly measured by these instruments. parameters (ie S ₁₁ , S ₁₂ , S ₂₁ and S ₂₂ ). For example, these instruments can be vector network analysis instruments, which can be used to measure the parameters of the two-port network of the impedance tuner in the reference state at a reference operating frequency (for example, the center carrier frequency of a narrowband system) and a room temperature of 25 degrees Celsius, That is, S ₁₁ , S ₁₂ , S ₂₁ and S ₂₂ are measured.

进一步的，在一种实施例中，处理器34还用于：当确定该天线30的反射系数的偏移量模值大于预设门限时，输出与该天线30的反射系数对应的第二控制信号S _C2，该偏移量模值为当前获取的该天线30的反射系数与阻抗调谐电路31处于第一状态时的初始反射系数之间的差值的绝对值，第一状态为阻抗调谐电路31在基准状态之前的状态，第一状态下的该初始反射系数是该装置处于第一状态下的阻抗匹配时测量得到的；接口电路32还用于：接收第二控制信号S _C2，第二控制信号S _C2用于将阻抗调谐电路31设置为多个阻抗调谐电路31状态中的第二状态。比如，处理器34可以根据第二参数模型确定与该天线30的反射系数对应的第二状态的阻抗控制字，第二参数模型可以用于指示多个天线反射系数中每个天线反射系数对应的阻抗调谐电路31状态的阻抗控制字，从而处理器34可以通过接口电路32输出用于指示第二状态的阻抗控制字的第二控制信号S _C2，以通过第二控制信号S _C2将阻抗调谐电路31设置为第二状态。 Further, in an embodiment, the processor 34 is further configured to: when it is determined that the offset modulus value of the reflection coefficient of the antenna 30 is greater than a preset threshold, output a second control corresponding to the reflection coefficient of the antenna 30 Signal S _C2 , the offset modulus value is the absolute value of the difference between the currently acquired reflection coefficient of the antenna 30 and the initial reflection coefficient when the impedance tuning circuit 31 is in the first state, where the first state is the impedance tuning circuit 31 In the state before the reference state, the initial reflection coefficient in the first state is obtained by measuring the impedance matching of the device in the first state; the interface circuit 32 is also used for: receiving the second control signal S _C2 , the second The control signal S _C2 is used to set the impedance tuning circuit 31 to a second state of the plurality of impedance tuning circuit 31 states. For example, the processor 34 may determine the impedance control word of the second state corresponding to the reflection coefficient of the antenna 30 according to the second parameter model, and the second parameter model may be used to indicate the reflection coefficient corresponding to each of the multiple antenna reflection coefficients. The impedance control word of the state of the impedance tuning circuit 31, so that the processor 34 can output the second control signal S _C2 for indicating the impedance control word of the second state through the interface circuit 32, so that the impedance tuning circuit can be adjusted by the second control signal S _C2 . 31 is set to the second state.

示例性的，假设阻抗调谐电路31包括两个可调电容C ₁和C ₂，则可以通过离线方式(比如，在实验室环境下借助测量仪器测量和筛选等)建立天线30在不同负载值下与对应的最优阻抗控制字之间的映射关系(也可以称为第二参数模型)，比如，建立不同阻抗控制码字下的匹配网络的散射矩阵S对***传输增益的影响等，以获取图6所示的多组数据对{Γ _Ant,(C ₁,C ₂)}，然后通过函数模型进行拟合建立如下公式所示的第二参数模型，图6中的圆圈表示史密斯圆图中不同的电阻圆，圆圈中的黑点表示不同的天线反射系数或者阻抗值。 Exemplarily, assuming that the impedance tuning circuit 31 includes two adjustable capacitors C ₁ and C ₂ , it is possible to establish the antenna 30 under different load values in an offline manner (for example, by measuring and screening with a measuring instrument in a laboratory environment). The mapping relationship between the corresponding optimal impedance control word (also known as the second parameter model), for example, the influence of the scattering matrix S of the matching network under different impedance control code words on the system transmission gain, etc., to obtain For the multiple sets of data pairs {Γ _Ant ,(C ₁ ,C ₂ )} shown in Fig. 6, the second parameter model shown in the following formula is established by fitting the functional model. The circle in Fig. 6 represents the Smith chart Different resistance circles, the black dots in the circles represent different antenna reflection coefficients or impedance values.

(C ₁,C ₂)＝f(Γ _Ant) (C ₁ , C ₂ )=f(Γ _Ant )

其中，C ₁和C ₂为阻抗调谐电路31中的控制码字(即阻抗控制字)，例如，该控制码字可以是可调电容C ₁和C ₂的偏置电压值或寄存器数值；Γ _Ant为检测到的天线30的负载值，该负载值可以为复数；f(·)为映射函数，包括但不限于：多项式模型、或者多层神经网络模型等。 Wherein, C ₁ and C ₂ are the control code words (ie, impedance control words) in the impedance tuning circuit 31, for example, the control code words can be the bias voltage values or register values of the adjustable capacitors C ₁ and C ₂ ; Γ; _Ant is the detected load value of the antenna 30, and the load value may be a complex number; f(·) is a mapping function, including but not limited to: a polynomial model or a multi-layer neural network model.

比如，对于多项式模型，第二参数模型可以为f ₁(x,y)＝a ₀+a ₁x+a ₂y+a ₃x ²+a ₄xy...，a ₀至a ₄均表示为函数模型系数，x和y可以为可调电容C ₁和C ₂的偏置电压值。对于多层神经网络模型，第二参数模型可以为f ₁(x)＝δ ₂(w ₂δ ₁(w ₁x+b ₁)+b ₂)，δ ₁,δ ₂,...为多层神经网络的激活函数，w ₁,b ₁,w ₂,b ₂,...为各层神经网络中权重系数矩阵或向量，x可以为可调电容C ₁和C ₂的偏置电压值组成的向量。将数据集用函数模型以及对应的模型系数来表示，能节省对直接存储映射表格所需的存储空间。 For example, for a polynomial model, the second parameter model can be f ₁ (x,y)=a ₀ +a ₁ x+a ₂ y+a ₃ x ² +a ₄ xy..., where a ₀ to a ₄ all represent As the function model coefficients, x and y can be the bias voltage values of the adjustable capacitors _C1 and _C2 . For the multi-layer neural network model, the second parameter model can be f ₁ (x)=δ ₂ (w ₂ δ ₁ (w ₁ x+b ₁ )+b ₂ ), where δ ₁ ,δ ₂ , . . . are many The activation function of the layer neural network, w ₁ , b ₁ , w ₂ , b ₂ , ... are the weight coefficient matrix or vector in the neural network of each layer, and x can be the bias voltage value of the adjustable capacitors C ₁ and C ₂ composed vector. The data set is represented by the function model and the corresponding model coefficients, which can save the storage space required for directly storing the mapping table.

具体的，阻抗调谐电路31在被设置为基准状态之前处于第一状态，在第一状态下该天线的初始反射系数可以是测量得到的，在该初始反射系数时该天线调谐装置处于阻抗匹配状态。当处理器34确定当前获取的该天线30的反射系数的偏移量模值大于预设门限时，处理器34可以基于当前获取的该天线30的反射系数和第二参数模型，获取第二状态的阻抗控制字。之后，处理器34可以通过接口电路32输出用于指示第二状态的阻抗控制字的第二控制信号S _C2，以通过第二控制信号S _C2将阻抗调谐电路31设置为第二状态，从而使得该天线调谐装置处于阻抗匹配状态。 Specifically, the impedance tuning circuit 31 is in a first state before being set as a reference state, and the initial reflection coefficient of the antenna can be measured in the first state, and the antenna tuning device is in an impedance matching state when the initial reflection coefficient is in the state of impedance matching. . When the processor 34 determines that the offset modulus value of the currently acquired reflection coefficient of the antenna 30 is greater than the preset threshold, the processor 34 may acquire the second state based on the currently acquired reflection coefficient of the antenna 30 and the second parameter model impedance control word. After that, the processor 34 can output the second control signal S _C2 for indicating the impedance control word of the second state through the interface circuit 32 , so as to set the impedance tuning circuit 31 to the second state through the second control signal S _C2 , so that the The antenna tuning device is in an impedance matching state.

可选的，处理器34还可以记录阻抗调谐电路31的第一状态，比如，记录第一状态对应的阻抗控制字。这样当该天线30的反射系数的偏移量模值小于或等于该预设门限时，处理器34还可以用于输出第三控制信号S _C3，接口电路32还用于接收第三控制信号S _C3，第三控制信号S _C3用于将阻抗调谐电路31设置为多个阻抗调谐电路31状态中的第一状态，即将阻抗调谐电路31恢复为基准状态之前的状态。也即是，当该天线30的反射系数的偏移量模值小于或等于该预设门限时，该天线调谐装置处于阻抗匹配状态，从而无需进行阻抗调谐，只需保持阻抗调谐电路31之前的状态即可，从而可将阻抗调谐电路31恢复为基准状态之前的状态。 Optionally, the processor 34 may also record the first state of the impedance tuning circuit 31, for example, record the impedance control word corresponding to the first state. In this way, when the offset modulus value of the reflection coefficient of the antenna 30 is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the processor 34 can also be used to output the third control signal S _C3 , and the interface circuit 32 can also be used to receive the third control signal S _C3 , the third control signal S _C3 is used to set the impedance tuning circuit 31 to the first state among the plurality of impedance tuning circuit 31 states, that is, to restore the impedance tuning circuit 31 to the state before the reference state. That is, when the offset modulus value of the reflection coefficient of the antenna 30 is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the antenna tuning device is in an impedance matching state, so there is no need to perform impedance tuning, and it is only necessary to maintain the previous value of the impedance tuning circuit 31. The state is sufficient, and the impedance tuning circuit 31 can be restored to the state before the reference state.

需要说明的是，该预设门限和第二参数模型可以事先进行设置，具体可以由本领域技术人员根据试验测量确定或者根据经验确定等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限制。It should be noted that the preset threshold and the second parameter model may be set in advance, and may be specifically determined by those skilled in the art according to experimental measurements or experience, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.

在上述天线调谐过程中，通过当前获取的该天线30的反射系数和事先建立的第二参数模型，获取第二状态对应的阻抗控制字时，无需存储大量的天线反射系数和大量的阻抗控制字，从而可以节省存储空间，降低设备成本。In the above antenna tuning process, when the impedance control word corresponding to the second state is obtained through the currently acquired reflection coefficient of the antenna 30 and the second parameter model established in advance, there is no need to store a large number of antenna reflection coefficients and a large number of impedance control words , which can save storage space and reduce equipment costs.

进一步的，在另一种实施例中，如图7所示，该装置还包括该天线30，该天线30为孔径可调天线，该天线30与接口电路32耦合。相应的，处理器34还用于当该天线30的反射系数的偏移量模值大于该预设门限时，输出该孔径调节信号S _t；接口电路32还用于接收孔径调节信号S _t，该孔径调节信号S _t用于调节该孔径可调天线中的孔径，比如，该孔径调节信号S _t用于将该孔径可调天线中的孔径设置为多个孔径状态中的第一孔径状态，该多个孔径状态中的每个孔径状态对应一个天线反射系数，第一孔径状态为最小的天线反射系数的模值对应的孔径状态。也即是，当该天线30的反射系数的偏移量模值大于该预设门限时，处理器34可以先调节该孔径可调天线中的孔径为第一孔径状态，之后再根据第一孔径状态对应的天线反射系数调节阻抗调谐电路31的状态，以实现阻抗匹配。 Further, in another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7 , the apparatus further includes the antenna 30 , the antenna 30 is an antenna with adjustable aperture, and the antenna 30 is coupled with the interface circuit 32 . Correspondingly, the processor 34 is further configured to output the aperture adjustment signal S _t when the offset modulus value of the reflection coefficient of the antenna 30 is greater than the preset threshold; the interface circuit 32 is further configured to receive the aperture adjustment signal S _t , The aperture adjustment signal S _t is used to adjust the aperture in the tunable aperture antenna, for example, the aperture adjustment signal S _t is used to set the aperture in the tunable aperture antenna to the first aperture state among the plurality of aperture states, Each aperture state in the plurality of aperture states corresponds to an antenna reflection coefficient, and the first aperture state is an aperture state corresponding to a modulus value of the smallest antenna reflection coefficient. That is, when the offset modulus value of the reflection coefficient of the antenna 30 is greater than the preset threshold, the processor 34 can first adjust the aperture in the aperture adjustable antenna to be the first aperture state, and then adjust the aperture according to the first aperture state. The antenna reflection coefficient corresponding to the state adjusts the state of the impedance tuning circuit 31 to realize impedance matching.

其中，由于孔径可调天线中不同的孔径状态对应不同的天线电长度，且在不同使用环境中，不同孔径状态下的天线电长度之间的相对长度关系保持恒定，因此处理器34在做孔径状态自适应选择过程中可以充分利用这一特点，以避免遍历不同的孔径状态导致较大的孔径调谐收敛时延。相应的，在孔径调节之前，可以在自由空间环境通过离线方式，测量不同的孔径状态下，该天线30的反射系数模值对应的频率点，该频率点与该孔径状态下的天线电长度对应，按不同孔径态下对应的频率点从低到高(或者从高到低)的顺序，对多个孔径状态进行排序并存储，以供处理器34在做孔径状态自适应选择时利用。Among them, since different aperture states in the tunable aperture antenna correspond to different antenna electrical lengths, and in different use environments, the relative length relationship between the antenna electrical lengths in different aperture states remains constant, so the processor 34 is making the aperture This feature can be fully utilized in the state adaptive selection process to avoid traversing different aperture states, which leads to a large aperture tuning convergence delay. Correspondingly, before the aperture adjustment, the frequency point corresponding to the modulus value of the reflection coefficient of the antenna 30 under different aperture states can be measured offline in a free space environment, and the frequency point corresponds to the antenna electrical length in the aperture state. , according to the order of the corresponding frequency points under different aperture states from low to high (or from high to low), sort and store multiple aperture states for the processor 34 to use in adaptive selection of aperture states.

具体的，该多个孔径状态按照对应的频率点从低到高的顺序排列，且每个孔径状态对应有一个天线反射系数，则处理器34可以从该多个孔径状态中选择最小反射系数模值对应的第一孔径状态，并输出用于将该孔径可调天线中的孔径设置为第一孔径状态的孔径调节信号S _t。其中，该孔径调节信号S _t可以用于指示第一孔径状态对应的孔径控制字，比如，该孔径控制字可以为该天线30的电长度。 Specifically, the plurality of aperture states are arranged in order of corresponding frequency points from low to high, and each aperture state corresponds to an antenna reflection coefficient, then the processor 34 can select the smallest reflection coefficient mode from the plurality of aperture states and output the aperture adjustment signal S _t for setting the aperture in the aperture adjustable antenna to the first aperture state. The aperture adjustment signal S _t may be used to indicate an aperture control word corresponding to the first aperture state, for example, the aperture control word may be the electrical length of the antenna 30 .

可选的，处理器34可以按照预设的搜索步长从该多个孔径状态中选择第一孔径状态，该搜索步长可以是固定不变的，也可以是变化的，本申请实施例对此不作具体限制。示例性的，如图8所示，假设该天线30具有M个多个孔径状态且对应的频率点分别为SW ₁至SW _M-1，该M个多个孔径状态可对应表示为SW ₁状态至SW _M-1状态，不同孔径状态对应的天线反射系数模值|Γ _Ant|分布于0至1之间。若该天线30当前的孔径状态为SW ₁状态且搜索步长为1，则处理器34可以向右将孔径状态切换到SW ₂状态，此时若SW ₂状态下的天线反射系数模值比SW ₁下的反射系数模值小，则可继续按向右将孔径状态切换到SW ₃状态(反之，若切换后SW ₂状态下的天线反射系数模值比SW ₁状态下的天线反射系数模值大，则反方向调整孔径状态为SW ₀状态)；类似地，由于SW ₃下的天线反射系数模值比SW ₂状态下的天线反射系数模值小，所以继续向右调整孔径状态为SW ₄状态，若此时SW ₄状态下的天线反射系数模值比SW ₃状态下的反射系数模值大，则判定SW ₃状态是当前环境下最佳的孔径状态，并保存当前孔径状态下的反射系数值，该反射系数值可用于后续的阻抗匹配调谐。 Optionally, the processor 34 may select the first aperture state from the plurality of aperture states according to a preset search step size, and the search step size may be fixed or variable. This is not specifically limited. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 8 , assuming that the antenna 30 has M multiple aperture states and the corresponding frequency points are respectively SW ₁ to SW _M-1 , the M multiple aperture states can be correspondingly represented as the SW ₁ state. To the SW _M-1 state, the antenna reflection coefficient modulus values |Γ _Ant | corresponding to different aperture states are distributed between 0 and 1. If the current aperture state of the antenna 30 is the SW ₁ state and the search step size is ₁ , the processor 34 can switch the aperture state to the SW ₂ state to the right. If the modulus value of the reflection coefficient under ₁ is small, you can continue to press the right button to switch the aperture state to the SW ₃ state (on the contrary, if the modulus value of the antenna reflection coefficient in the SW ₂ state is higher than that in the SW ₁ state after switching) is larger, the aperture state is adjusted in the opposite direction to SW ₀ state); similarly, since the modulus value of the antenna reflection coefficient under SW ₃ is smaller than that of the antenna under SW ₂ state, continue to adjust the aperture state to the right to SW ₄ state, if the modulus value of the antenna reflection coefficient in the SW ₄ state is larger than that in the SW ₃ state, it is determined that the SW ₃ state is the best aperture state in the current environment, and the reflection in the current aperture state is saved Coefficient value, this reflection coefficient value can be used for subsequent impedance matching tuning.

需要说明的是，在基于第一孔径状态对应的天线反射系数调节阻抗调谐电路31的状态的过程，与上文中基于当前测量得到的该天线30的反射系数调节阻抗调谐电路31的状态的过程类似，不同之处仅在于将当前测量得到的该天线30的反射系数替换为第一孔径状态对应的天线反射系数，具体调节过程可以参见上文中的描述，本申请实施例在此不再赘述。It should be noted that the process of adjusting the state of the impedance tuning circuit 31 based on the reflection coefficient of the antenna corresponding to the first aperture state is similar to the process of adjusting the state of the impedance tuning circuit 31 based on the reflection coefficient of the antenna 30 currently measured above. , the difference is only that the currently measured reflection coefficient of the antenna 30 is replaced with the antenna reflection coefficient corresponding to the first aperture state. For the specific adjustment process, please refer to the above description, which is not repeated in this embodiment of the present application.

上述天线调谐过程中，通过先调节该孔径可调天线中的孔径，再根据调节后的孔径状态对应的天线反射系数调节阻抗调谐电路31的状态以实现阻抗匹配的方法，可以大大减小阻抗调谐电路31需要适配的负载变化范围，从而减小对阻抗调谐电路31的自由度需求。此外，基于排序后的多个孔径状态做孔径状态自适应选择时，可以大大降低孔径调谐的时延。In the above-mentioned antenna tuning process, by first adjusting the aperture in the aperture adjustable antenna, and then adjusting the state of the impedance tuning circuit 31 according to the antenna reflection coefficient corresponding to the adjusted aperture state to achieve impedance matching, the impedance tuning can be greatly reduced. The circuit 31 needs to adapt to the load variation range, thereby reducing the degree of freedom required for the impedance tuning circuit 31 . In addition, when the aperture state is adaptively selected based on the sorted multiple aperture states, the time delay of aperture tuning can be greatly reduced.

进一步的，如图9所示，该装置还可以包括：射频前端模块35；和/或，射频集成电路36。阻抗调谐电路31具体可以耦合在射频前端模块35与天线30之间，用于提供射频前端模块35与天线30之间的阻抗匹配。Further, as shown in FIG. 9 , the apparatus may further include: a radio frequency front-end module 35 ; and/or a radio frequency integrated circuit 36 . Specifically, the impedance tuning circuit 31 may be coupled between the RF front-end module 35 and the antenna 30 to provide impedance matching between the RF front-end module 35 and the antenna 30 .

其中，射频集成电路36可用于在天线30的状态参数测量过程中提供数模/模数转换。比如，射频集成电路36可以包括一个或者多个发射通道、以及一个或者多个接收通道，每个发射通道中可以包括DAC、LPF和上转换器、以及DA，每个接收通道中可以包括ADC、LPF和下转换器。Among them, the radio frequency integrated circuit 36 can be used to provide digital-to-analog/analog-to-digital conversion during the state parameter measurement process of the antenna 30 . For example, the radio frequency integrated circuit 36 may include one or more transmit channels and one or more receive channels, each transmit channel may include DAC, LPF and up-converter, and DA, and each receive channel may include ADC, LPF and downconverter.

另外，射频前端模块35可用于在天线30的状态参数测量过程中提供功率放大或滤波等功能。比如，射频前端模块35中也可以包括一个或者多个发射通道、以及一个或者多个接收通道，每个发射通道可以包括PA、发射滤波器和双工器，每个接收通道中可以包括LNA和双工器，该双工器也可以替换为天线开关。In addition, the RF front-end module 35 can be used to provide functions such as power amplification or filtering during the state parameter measurement process of the antenna 30 . For example, the RF front-end module 35 may also include one or more transmit channels and one or more receive channels, each transmit channel may include a PA, a transmit filter and a duplexer, and each receive channel may include an LNA and a A duplexer, which can also be replaced by an antenna switch.

在图9所示的天线调谐装置中，处理器34可以为基带处理器，也可以为集成在射频前端模块35或者射频集成电路36中的处理器等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限制，图9中仅以处理器34为基带处理器为例进行说明。通过将处理器34集成在不同的模块或电路中，可以提高该天线调谐装置的集成度以及设计灵活性。In the antenna tuning device shown in FIG. 9, the processor 34 may be a baseband processor, or may be a processor integrated in the radio frequency front-end module 35 or the radio frequency integrated circuit 36, etc., which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application. FIG. 9 only takes the processor 34 as the baseband processor as an example for description. By integrating the processor 34 in different modules or circuits, the integration degree and design flexibility of the antenna tuning device can be improved.

在实际应用中，该天线调谐装置可以为一个芯片或者一个芯片组，或者该天线调谐装置为无线通信设备，比如，该天线调谐装置可以为诸如手机、车载设备或者可穿戴设备等的终端。该终端基于上文所提供的方案做天线调谐时，可以大大降低了天线调谐过程中的存储开销和调谐时延，从而在降低设备成本的同时，还可以进一步提高用户体验。In practical applications, the antenna tuning apparatus may be a chip or a chipset, or the antenna tuning apparatus may be a wireless communication device, for example, the antenna tuning apparatus may be a terminal such as a mobile phone, a vehicle-mounted device, or a wearable device. When the terminal performs antenna tuning based on the solution provided above, the storage overhead and tuning delay in the antenna tuning process can be greatly reduced, thereby reducing equipment costs and further improving user experience.

图10为本申请实施例提供的一种天线调谐方法的流程示意图，该方法可应用于上文所提供的天线调谐装置中，该方法包括以下几个步骤。FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of an antenna tuning method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The method can be applied to the antenna tuning apparatus provided above, and the method includes the following steps.

S41：设置阻抗调谐电路为基准状态，该基准状态是多个阻抗调谐电路状态中的一个预设状态。S41: Set the impedance tuning circuit as a reference state, where the reference state is a preset state among multiple impedance tuning circuit states.

其中，该阻抗调谐电路中可以包括：一个或者多个可调谐器件(比如，可调电容或可调电感等)，和/或一个或者多个不可调谐器件(比如，开关等)。多个阻抗调谐电路状态可以由这一个或者多个可调谐器件的状态、以及这一个或者多个不可调谐器件的状态的组合构成。比如，阻抗调谐电路包括可调电容C1和C2，假设可调电容C1和C2均包括3个不同电容值的调节，则可调电容C1的状态和可调电容C2的状态组合后可以得到9个组合状态，若这9个组合状态下的等效电容均不相等，则多个阻抗调谐电路状态可以为这9个组合状态，该基准状态可以被预先设置为这9个组合状态中的某一个状态。Wherein, the impedance tuning circuit may include: one or more tunable devices (eg, tunable capacitors or tunable inductors, etc.), and/or one or more non-tunable devices (eg, switches, etc.). The plurality of impedance-tuning circuit states may consist of a combination of the states of the one or more tunable devices, and the states of the one or more non-tunable devices. For example, the impedance tuning circuit includes adjustable capacitors C1 and C2. Assuming that the adjustable capacitors C1 and C2 both include adjustment of three different capacitance values, the state of the adjustable capacitor C1 and the state of the adjustable capacitor C2 can be combined to obtain nine Combined state, if the equivalent capacitances in these nine combined states are not equal, the multiple impedance tuning circuit states can be these nine combined states, and the reference state can be preset as one of these nine combined states state.

具体的，当需要通过该天线调谐装置测量该天线的状态参数时，处理器可以通过接口电路输出第一控制信号，以通过第一控制信号将阻抗调谐电路设置为基准状态。在一种可能的实现方式中，处理器可以在满足预设条件时输出第一控制信号，该预设条件可以包括以下任一项：发生指定事件，达到预设时长。其中，该指定事件和预设时长可以事先进行设置，比如，该指定事件可以包括频点切换事件、通信中断事件或天线切换事件中的一个或者多个，该预设时长可以为50ms或者500ms等。Specifically, when the state parameter of the antenna needs to be measured by the antenna tuning device, the processor can output a first control signal through the interface circuit, so as to set the impedance tuning circuit to a reference state through the first control signal. In a possible implementation manner, the processor may output the first control signal when a preset condition is satisfied, and the preset condition may include any one of the following: a specified event occurs and a preset duration is reached. The specified event and the preset duration can be set in advance. For example, the specified event can include one or more of a frequency point switching event, a communication interruption event or an antenna switching event, and the preset duration can be 50ms or 500ms, etc. .

在一种可能的实施例中，阻抗调谐电路在该基准状态下的端口反射参数的绝对值小于第一阈值、端口间传输参数的绝对值大于第二阈值。其中，若阻抗调谐电路两端的端口表示为第一端口和第二端口，该端口反射参数可以包括第一端口的反射参数S ₁₁和第二端口的反射参数S ₂₂，该端口间传输参数可以包括第一端口至第二端口的端口间传输参数S ₁₂、以及第二端口至第一端口的端口间传输参数S ₂₁，则阻抗调谐电路31在该基准状态下满足：|S ₁₁|≤Δ ₁,|S ₂₂|≤Δ ₁，|S ₁₂|≥Δ ₂,|S ₂₁|≥Δ ₂。其中，Δ ₁,Δ ₂分别表示第一阈值和第二阈值，例如，Δ ₁＝0.2,Δ ₂＝0.8。 In a possible embodiment, the absolute value of the port reflection parameter of the impedance tuning circuit in the reference state is smaller than the first threshold, and the absolute value of the inter-port transmission parameter is larger than the second threshold. Wherein, if the ports at both ends of the impedance tuning circuit are represented as the first port and the second port, the port reflection parameters may include the reflection parameter S ₁₁ of the first port and the reflection parameter S ₂₂ of the second port, and the inter-port transmission parameters may include The inter-port transmission parameter S ₁₂ from the first port to the second port and the inter-port transmission parameter S ₂₁ from the second port to the first port, the impedance tuning circuit 31 satisfies: |S ₁₁ |≤Δ ₁ in the reference state , |S ₂₂ |≤Δ ₁ , |S ₁₂ |≥Δ ₂ , |S ₂₁ |≥Δ ₂ . Wherein, Δ ₁ and Δ ₂ respectively represent the first threshold and the second threshold, for example, Δ ₁ =0.2, Δ ₂ =0.8.

可选的，阻抗调谐电路包括并联的阻抗调谐器和开关电路，该基准状态为开关电路闭合时阻抗调谐电路的状态，从而处理器输出的第一控制信号S _C1可用于闭合该开关电路。当开关电路闭合时，阻抗调谐器被旁路掉，此时阻抗调谐电路可以近似等效为射频传输线，该基准状态也可以称为直通状态，这样在测量天线的状态参数时不受阻抗调谐器的阻抗影响，从而大大提高了天线的状态参数的测量准确度。可替换的，阻抗调谐电路中也可以仅包括阻抗调谐器、而不包括开关电路，此时，该基准状态可以为多个阻抗调谐器状态中的一个特定状态，该特定状态可以具有较小的端口反射参数和较大的端口间传输参数。 Optionally, the impedance tuning circuit includes an impedance tuner and a switch circuit in parallel, and the reference state is the state of the impedance tuning circuit when the switch circuit is closed, so that the first control signal S _C1 output by the processor can be used to close the switch circuit. When the switch circuit is closed, the impedance tuner is bypassed. At this time, the impedance tuning circuit can be approximately equivalent to a radio frequency transmission line. The impedance effect of the antenna greatly improves the measurement accuracy of the state parameters of the antenna. Alternatively, the impedance tuning circuit may only include an impedance tuner without a switch circuit. In this case, the reference state may be a specific state among multiple impedance tuner states, and the specific state may have a smaller value. Port reflection parameters and larger inter-port transmission parameters.

S42：在该基准状态下测量天线的状态参数。S42: Measure the state parameters of the antenna in the reference state.

当阻抗调谐电路处于该基准状态时，可以通过反射系数检测器在该基准状态下测量第一反射系数，第一反射系数可以为反射系数检测器用于耦合射频信号的耦合点处的反射系数，第一反射系数可用于确定该天线的状态参数。其中，反射系数检测器可以为方向耦合器，可用于获取传输通路上射频信号的前向耦合信号和反向耦合信号。基于该前向耦合信号和反向耦合信号即可确定耦合点处的第一反射系数。另外，该天线的状态参数可以为反射系数或者阻抗值，该天线的反射系数和阻抗值之间可以满足上述公式(3)。When the impedance tuning circuit is in the reference state, the first reflection coefficient can be measured in the reference state by the reflection coefficient detector, and the first reflection coefficient can be the reflection coefficient at the coupling point where the reflection coefficient detector is used to couple the radio frequency signal. A reflection coefficient can be used to determine the state parameter of the antenna. Wherein, the reflection coefficient detector can be a directional coupler, which can be used to obtain the forward coupled signal and the reverse coupled signal of the radio frequency signal on the transmission path. The first reflection coefficient at the coupling point can be determined based on the forward coupled signal and the reverse coupled signal. In addition, the state parameter of the antenna may be a reflection coefficient or an impedance value, and the above formula (3) may be satisfied between the reflection coefficient and the impedance value of the antenna.

在一种可能的实现方式中，处理器可以基于该前向耦合信号和反向耦合信号确定耦合点处的第一反射系数，并根据第一反射系数确定该天线的第二反射系数。比如，处理器根据第一反射系数和第一参数模型确定第二反射系数，第一参数模型用于指示第一反射系数与第二反射系数之间的对应关系。第一参数模型可以是在一定频率和温度下基于事先测量得到的多个第一反射系数和多个第二反射系数得到的。通过建立第一参数模型，以及根据第一反射系数和第一参数模型确定第二反射系数，即可确定该天线的状态参数。In a possible implementation manner, the processor may determine the first reflection coefficient at the coupling point based on the forward coupling signal and the reverse coupling signal, and determine the second reflection coefficient of the antenna according to the first reflection coefficient. For example, the processor determines the second reflection coefficient according to the first reflection coefficient and the first parameter model, where the first parameter model is used to indicate the correspondence between the first reflection coefficient and the second reflection coefficient. The first parameter model may be obtained based on a plurality of first reflection coefficients and a plurality of second reflection coefficients measured in advance at a certain frequency and temperature. By establishing the first parameter model and determining the second reflection coefficient according to the first reflection coefficient and the first parameter model, the state parameter of the antenna can be determined.

需要说明的是，关于第一参数模型的相关描述，可以参见对应装置实施例中的相关描述，本申请实施例在此不再赘述。It should be noted that, for the relevant description of the first parameter model, reference may be made to the relevant description in the embodiment of the corresponding apparatus, and details are not described herein again in this embodiment of the present application.

S43：基于该天线的状态参数做阻抗调谐，以实现阻抗匹配。S43: Perform impedance tuning based on the state parameters of the antenna to achieve impedance matching.

其中，在该天线随着工作频率或使用场景的变化导致该天线的阻抗发生变化时始终用于保持阻抗匹配，该阻抗匹配具体可以是指信号源阻抗与负载阻抗之间满足或接近功率匹配条件，即信号源阻抗与负载阻抗满足共轭相等，这里的信号源和阻抗与信号的传输方向有关。在一种可能的实施例中，该阻抗匹配可以为射频前端模块与该天线之间的阻抗匹配，阻抗调谐电路耦合在射频前端模块与该天线之间，用于保证该射频前端模块的阻抗与该天线的阻抗满足或接近功率匹配条件。其中，当该天线用于接收射频信号时，该天线为信号源，该射频前端模块即为负载；当该天线用于发送射频信号时，该射频前端模块为信号源，该天线为负载。Wherein, it is always used to maintain impedance matching when the impedance of the antenna changes with the change of the working frequency or the usage scene. Specifically, the impedance matching may refer to that the signal source impedance and the load impedance meet or are close to the power matching condition. , that is, the signal source impedance and the load impedance satisfy the conjugation equality, and the signal source and impedance here are related to the transmission direction of the signal. In a possible embodiment, the impedance matching may be impedance matching between the radio frequency front-end module and the antenna, and an impedance tuning circuit is coupled between the radio frequency front-end module and the antenna to ensure that the impedance of the radio frequency front-end module is equal to that of the antenna. The impedance of the antenna meets or is close to the power matching condition. Wherein, when the antenna is used to receive radio frequency signals, the antenna is the signal source, and the radio frequency front-end module is the load; when the antenna is used to send radio frequency signals, the radio frequency front-end module is the signal source, and the antenna is the load.

在一种实施例中，上述步骤S43具体可以为：当确定该天线的反射系数的偏移量模值大于预设门限时，基于该天线的反射系数对阻抗调谐电路做阻抗调谐，以实现阻抗匹配。示例性的，处理器可以输出与该天线的反射系数对应的第二控制信号，该偏移量模值为当前获取的该天线的反射系数与阻抗调谐电路处于第一状态时的初始反射系数之间的差值的绝对值，第一状态为阻抗调谐电路在基准状态之前的状态。第二控制信号可用于将阻抗调谐电路设置为多个阻抗调谐电路状态中的第二状态。In an embodiment, the above step S43 may specifically be: when it is determined that the offset modulus value of the reflection coefficient of the antenna is greater than a preset threshold, perform impedance tuning on the impedance tuning circuit based on the reflection coefficient of the antenna to realize impedance tuning match. Exemplarily, the processor may output a second control signal corresponding to the reflection coefficient of the antenna, and the offset modulus value is the sum of the currently acquired reflection coefficient of the antenna and the initial reflection coefficient when the impedance tuning circuit is in the first state. The absolute value of the difference between the first state is the state of the impedance tuning circuit before the reference state. The second control signal may be used to set the impedance tuning circuit to a second state of the plurality of impedance tuning circuit states.

比如，处理器可以根据第二参数模型确定与该天线的反射系数对应的第二状态，第二参数模型可以用于指示多个天线反射系数中每个天线反射系数对应的阻抗调谐电路状态的阻抗控制字，比如，第二参数模型为天线反射系数与阻抗调谐电路状态的阻抗控制字之间的映射函数。这样处理器可以输出用于指示第二状态的阻抗控制字的第二控制信号，以通过第二控制信号将阻抗调谐电路设置为第二状态。For example, the processor may determine the second state corresponding to the reflection coefficient of the antenna according to the second parameter model, and the second parameter model may be used to indicate the impedance of the impedance tuning circuit state corresponding to each antenna reflection coefficient of the plurality of antenna reflection coefficients The control word, for example, the second parameter model is a mapping function between the antenna reflection coefficient and the impedance control word of the impedance tuning circuit state. In this way the processor can output a second control signal for the impedance control word indicating the second state to set the impedance tuning circuit to the second state by the second control signal.

需要说明的是，关于第二参数模型的相关描述，可以参见对应装置实施例中的相关描述，本申请实施例在此不再赘述。It should be noted that, for the relevant description of the second parameter model, reference may be made to the relevant description in the embodiment of the corresponding apparatus, and details are not described herein again in this embodiment of the present application.

具体的，阻抗调谐电路在被设置为基准状态之前处于第一状态，在第一状态下该天线的初始反射系数可以是测量得到的，在该初始反射系数时该天线调谐装置处于阻抗匹配状态。当处理器确定当前获取的该天线的反射系数的偏移量模值大于预设门限时，处理器可以基于当前获取的该天线的反射系数和第二参数模型，获取第二状态的阻抗控制字。处理器通过接口电路输出用于指示第二状态的阻抗控制字的第二控制信号，以通过第二控制信号将阻抗调谐电路设置为第二状态，从而使得该天线调谐装置处于阻抗匹配状态。Specifically, the impedance tuning circuit is in a first state before being set as a reference state, in which the initial reflection coefficient of the antenna can be measured, and the antenna tuning device is in an impedance matching state at the initial reflection coefficient. When the processor determines that the offset modulus value of the currently acquired reflection coefficient of the antenna is greater than the preset threshold, the processor may acquire the impedance control word of the second state based on the currently acquired reflection coefficient of the antenna and the second parameter model . The processor outputs a second control signal for indicating the impedance control word of the second state through the interface circuit, so as to set the impedance tuning circuit to the second state through the second control signal, so that the antenna tuning device is in an impedance matching state.

可选的，处理器还可以记录阻抗调谐电路的第一状态，比如，记录第一状态对应的阻抗控制系。这样，当该天线的反射系数的偏移量模值小于或等于该预设门限时，处理器还可以输出第三控制信号，接口电路可以接收第三控制信号，第三控制信号用于将阻抗调谐电路设置为多个阻抗调谐电路状态中的第一状态，即将阻抗调谐电路恢复为基准状态之前的状态。也即是，当该天线的反射系数的偏移量模值小于或等于该预设门限时，该天线调谐装置处于阻抗匹配状态，从而无需进行阻抗调谐，只需保持阻抗调谐电路之前的状态即可，从而可将阻抗调谐电路恢复为基准状态之前的状态。Optionally, the processor may also record the first state of the impedance tuning circuit, for example, record the impedance control system corresponding to the first state. In this way, when the offset modulus value of the reflection coefficient of the antenna is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the processor can also output a third control signal, the interface circuit can receive the third control signal, and the third control signal is used to change the impedance The tuning circuit is set to a first state of the plurality of impedance tuning circuit states, that is, the state before the impedance tuning circuit is restored to the reference state. That is, when the offset modulus value of the reflection coefficient of the antenna is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the antenna tuning device is in an impedance matching state, so that there is no need to perform impedance tuning, and it is only necessary to maintain the previous state of the impedance tuning circuit. Yes, so that the impedance tuning circuit can be restored to the state before the reference state.

在另一种实施例中，该天线为孔径可调天线，上述步骤S43可以包括：当该天线的反射系数的偏移量模值大于该预设门限时，基于该天的状态参数对该天线做孔径调谐；基于该孔径调谐后的状态参数调谐该阻抗调谐电路，以实现阻抗匹配。具体的，当该天线的反射系数的偏移量模值大于该预设门限时，处理器输出孔径调节信号S _t，该孔径调节信号S _t用于调节该孔径可调天线中的孔径。比如，该孔径调节信号S _t用于将该孔径可调天线中的孔径设置为多个孔径状态中的第一孔径状态，该多个孔径状态中的每个孔径状态对应一个天线反射系数，第一孔径状态为最小的天线反射系数的模值对应的孔径状态。也即是，当该天线的反射系数的偏移量模值大于该预设门限时，处理器可以先调节该孔径可调天线中的孔径为第一孔径状态，之后再根据第一孔径状态对应的天线反射系数调节阻抗调谐电路的状态，以实现阻抗匹配。 In another embodiment, the antenna is an antenna with adjustable aperture, and the above step S43 may include: when the offset modulus value of the reflection coefficient of the antenna is greater than the preset threshold, determining the antenna based on the state parameter of the day Perform aperture tuning; tune the impedance tuning circuit based on the state parameters after aperture tuning to achieve impedance matching. Specifically, when the offset modulus value of the reflection coefficient of the antenna is greater than the preset threshold, the processor outputs an aperture adjustment signal S _t , and the aperture adjustment signal S _t is used to adjust the aperture in the aperture adjustable antenna. For example, the aperture adjustment signal S _t is used to set the aperture in the aperture-adjustable antenna to the first aperture state among the plurality of aperture states, and each aperture state in the plurality of aperture states corresponds to an antenna reflection coefficient, and the first aperture state in the plurality of aperture states corresponds to an antenna reflection coefficient. An aperture state is the aperture state corresponding to the modulus value of the smallest antenna reflection coefficient. That is, when the offset modulus value of the reflection coefficient of the antenna is greater than the preset threshold, the processor may first adjust the aperture in the adjustable aperture antenna to be in the first aperture state, and then correspond to the first aperture state according to the first aperture state. The antenna reflection coefficient adjusts the state of the impedance tuning circuit to achieve impedance matching.

其中，由于孔径可调天线中不同的孔径状态对应不同的天线电长度，且在不同使用环境中，不同孔径状态下的天线电长度之间的相对长度关系保持恒定，因此处理器34在做孔径状态自适应选择过程中可以充分利用这一特点，以避免遍历不同的孔径状态导致较大的孔径调谐收敛时延。相应的，在孔径调节之前，可以在自由空间环境通过离线方式，测量不同的孔径状态下，该天线的反射系数模值对应的频率点，该频率点与该孔径状态下的天线电长度对应，按不同孔径态下对应的频率点从低到高(或者从高到低)的顺序，对多个孔径状态进行排序并存储，以供处理器在做孔径状态自适应选择时利用。Among them, since different aperture states in the tunable aperture antenna correspond to different antenna electrical lengths, and in different use environments, the relative length relationship between the antenna electrical lengths in different aperture states remains constant, so the processor 34 is making the aperture This feature can be fully utilized in the state adaptive selection process to avoid traversing different aperture states, which leads to a large aperture tuning convergence delay. Correspondingly, before the aperture adjustment, the frequency point corresponding to the modulus value of the reflection coefficient of the antenna under different aperture states can be measured offline in the free space environment, and the frequency point corresponds to the antenna electrical length in the aperture state, According to the order of corresponding frequency points in different aperture states from low to high (or from high to low), the plurality of aperture states are sorted and stored for use by the processor in adaptive selection of aperture states.

具体的，该多个孔径状态按照对应的频率点从低到高的顺序排列，且每个孔径状态对应有一个天线反射系数，则处理器可以从该多个孔径状态中选择最小反射系数模值对应的第一孔径状态，并输出用于将该孔径可调天线中的孔径设置为第一孔径状态的孔径调节信号。其中，该孔径调节信号可以用于指示第一孔径状态对应的孔径控制字，比如，该孔径控制字可以为该天线的电长度。可选的，处理器可以按照预设的搜索步长从该多个孔径状态中选择第一孔径状态，该搜索步长可以是固定不变的，也可以是变化的，本申请实施例对此不作具体限制。Specifically, the plurality of aperture states are arranged in order of corresponding frequency points from low to high, and each aperture state corresponds to an antenna reflection coefficient, then the processor can select the minimum reflection coefficient modulus value from the plurality of aperture states corresponding first aperture state, and output an aperture adjustment signal for setting the aperture in the aperture adjustable antenna to the first aperture state. The aperture adjustment signal may be used to indicate an aperture control word corresponding to the first aperture state, for example, the aperture control word may be the electrical length of the antenna. Optionally, the processor may select a first aperture state from the plurality of aperture states according to a preset search step size, and the search step size may be fixed or changeable, and this embodiment of the present application does this. No specific restrictions are imposed.

需要说明的是，在基于第一孔径状态对应的天线反射系数调节阻抗调谐电路的状态的过程，与上文中基于当前测量得到的该天线的反射系数调节阻抗调谐电路的状态的过程类似，不同之处仅在于将当前测量得到的该天线的反射系数替换为第一孔径状态对应的天线反射系数，具体调节过程可以参见上文中的描述，本申请实施例在此不再赘述。It should be noted that the process of adjusting the state of the impedance tuning circuit based on the reflection coefficient of the antenna corresponding to the first aperture state is similar to the process of adjusting the state of the impedance tuning circuit based on the reflection coefficient of the antenna currently measured above. The only point is to replace the currently measured reflection coefficient of the antenna with the antenna reflection coefficient corresponding to the first aperture state. For the specific adjustment process, refer to the above description, which is not repeated in this embodiment of the present application.

上述天线调谐过程中，通过先调节该孔径可调天线中的孔径，再根据调节后的孔径状态对应的天线反射系数调节阻抗调谐电路的状态以实现阻抗匹配的方法，可以大大减小阻抗调谐电路需要适配的负载变化范围，从而减小对阻抗调谐电路的自由度需求。此外，基于排序后的多个孔径状态做孔径状态自适应选择时，可以大大降低孔径调谐的时延。In the above antenna tuning process, by first adjusting the aperture in the aperture adjustable antenna, and then adjusting the state of the impedance tuning circuit according to the antenna reflection coefficient corresponding to the adjusted aperture state to achieve impedance matching, the impedance tuning circuit can be greatly reduced. The load variation range that needs to be adapted reduces the need for degrees of freedom in the impedance tuning circuit. In addition, when the aperture state is adaptively selected based on the sorted multiple aperture states, the time delay of aperture tuning can be greatly reduced.

为便于理解，下面分别以该天线为孔径不可调天线和孔径可调天线为例，对本申请实施例提供的天线调谐方法进行举例说明。其中，图11中以该天线为孔径不可调天线为例进行说明，图12为该天线为孔径可调天线为例进行说明。For ease of understanding, the antenna tuning method provided by the embodiment of the present application is illustrated below by taking the antenna as an antenna with a non-adjustable aperture and an antenna with an adjustable aperture as an example. Wherein, in FIG. 11 , the antenna is an antenna with a non-adjustable aperture for illustration, and FIG. 12 is an example for an antenna with an adjustable aperture for illustration.

如图11所示，该方法包括：S50.确定满足预设条件，比如，确定发生指定事件或者达到预设时长；S51.记录阻抗调谐电路的当前状态(即第一状态)，设置阻抗调谐电路为基准状态；S52.测量耦合点处的第一反射系数；S53.根据第一反射系数确定该天线的反射系数(即第二反射系数)；S54.判断该天线的反射系数的偏移量模值是否大于预设门限，若是(即大于)则执行S55a，若否(即小于或等于)则执行S55b；S55a.启动阻抗调谐流程，比如，根据该天线的反射系数将阻抗调谐电路设置为第二状态；S55b.不需要启动阻抗调谐流程，比如，将阻抗调谐电路恢复为第一状态。As shown in FIG. 11 , the method includes: S50. Determine that a preset condition is met, for example, determine that a specified event occurs or reach a preset duration; S51. Record the current state (ie, the first state) of the impedance tuning circuit, and set the impedance tuning circuit S52. Measure the first reflection coefficient at the coupling point; S53. Determine the reflection coefficient of the antenna (ie, the second reflection coefficient) according to the first reflection coefficient; S54. Determine the offset modulus of the reflection coefficient of the antenna Whether the value is greater than the preset threshold, if it is (ie greater than), then execute S55a, if not (ie less than or equal to), execute S55b; S55a. Start the impedance tuning process, for example, set the impedance tuning circuit to the first according to the reflection coefficient of the antenna Two states; S55b. It is not necessary to start the impedance tuning process, for example, restore the impedance tuning circuit to the first state.

如图12所示，该方法包括：S60.确定满足预设条件；S61.记录阻抗调谐电路的当前状态(即第一状态)，设置阻抗调谐电路为基准状态；S62.测量耦合点处的第一反射系数；S63.根据第一反射系数确定该天线的反射系数(即第二反射系数)；S64.判断该天线的反射系数的偏移量模值是否大于预设门限，若大于则执行S65a，若小于或等于则执行S65b；S65a.启动孔径调谐流程，比如，将孔径可调天线设置为第一孔径状态，第一孔径状态为多个孔径状态中最小反射系数对应的孔径状态，继续执行S66；S65b.不需要启动天线调谐，比如，将阻抗调谐电路恢复为第一状态；S66.启动阻抗调谐流程，比如，根据第一孔径状态对应的最小反射系数将阻抗调谐电路设置为第二状态。As shown in FIG. 12 , the method includes: S60. Determine that a preset condition is met; S61. Record the current state (ie, the first state) of the impedance tuning circuit, and set the impedance tuning circuit as the reference state; S62. Measure the first state at the coupling point A reflection coefficient; S63. Determine the reflection coefficient of the antenna (ie, the second reflection coefficient) according to the first reflection coefficient; S64. Determine whether the offset modulus value of the reflection coefficient of the antenna is greater than a preset threshold, and if it is greater, execute S65a , if it is less than or equal to, execute S65b; S65a. Start the aperture tuning process, for example, set the aperture adjustable antenna to the first aperture state, and the first aperture state is the aperture state corresponding to the minimum reflection coefficient among the multiple aperture states, and continue to execute S66; S65b. It is not necessary to start the antenna tuning, for example, restore the impedance tuning circuit to the first state; S66. Start the impedance tuning process, for example, set the impedance tuning circuit to the second state according to the minimum reflection coefficient corresponding to the first aperture state .

在本申请实施例中，通过将阻抗调谐电路设置为基准状态，在基准状态下测量该天线的状态参数，并基于该天线的状态参数做阻抗匹配，可以大大降低了天线调谐过程中的存储开销和调谐时延，从而在降低设备成本的同时，还可以进一步提高用户体验。In the embodiment of the present application, by setting the impedance tuning circuit to the reference state, measuring the state parameters of the antenna in the reference state, and performing impedance matching based on the state parameters of the antenna, the storage overhead during the antenna tuning process can be greatly reduced and tuning delay, so that the user experience can be further improved while the equipment cost is reduced.

需要说明的是，上述装置实施例涉及的各模块或电路的所有相关内容均可以援引到该方法实施例的各相关步骤中，本申请实施例在此不再赘述。It should be noted that, all relevant content of each module or circuit involved in the foregoing apparatus embodiment can be cited in each relevant step of the method embodiment, and details are not described herein again in this embodiment of the present application.

在本申请的另一实施例中，还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机执行指令，当一个设备(可以是终端或芯片等)或者处理器运行该计算机执行指令时，使得该设备执行上述方法实施例所提供的天线调谐方法。前述的计算机可读存储介质可以是非易逝性的计算机可读存储介质，具体可以包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器、随机存取存储器、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。In another embodiment of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, where computer-executable instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium. When a device (may be a terminal or a chip, etc.) or a processor runs the computer to execute When the instruction is given, the device is made to execute the antenna tuning method provided by the above method embodiments. The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may be a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, which may specifically include: U disk, removable hard disk, read-only memory, random access memory, magnetic disk or optical disk, etc., which can store program codes. medium.

在本申请的另一实施例中，还提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括计算机执行指令，该计算机执行指令存储在计算机可读存储介质中；设备的至少一个处理器可以从计算机可读存储介质读取该计算机执行指令，至少一个处理器执行该计算机执行指令使得设备上述方法实施例所提供的天线调谐方法。In another embodiment of the present application, a computer program product is also provided, the computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are stored in a computer-readable storage medium; at least one processor of the device can be obtained from a computer-readable storage medium. Reading the storage medium reads the computer-executable instructions, and at least one processor executes the computer-executable instructions to make the antenna tuning method provided by the above method embodiments of the device.

最后应说明的是：以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何在本申请揭露的技术范围内的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。Finally, it should be noted that: the above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this, and any changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered by the present application. within the scope of protection of the application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

一种天线调谐装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：An antenna tuning device, characterized in that the device comprises:

与天线耦合的阻抗调谐电路，用于提供阻抗匹配，所述阻抗调谐电路具有基准状态，所述基准状态为多个所述阻抗调谐电路状态中的一个预设状态，所述基准状态用于所述天线的状态参数的测量；An impedance tuning circuit coupled to the antenna for providing impedance matching, the impedance tuning circuit having a reference state, the reference state being a preset state among a plurality of the impedance tuning circuit states, the reference state being used for all The measurement of the state parameters of the antenna;

接口电路，用于接收第一控制信号，所述第一控制信号用于使得所述阻抗调谐电路处于基准状态。The interface circuit is used for receiving a first control signal, and the first control signal is used for making the impedance tuning circuit in a reference state.
根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述阻抗调谐电路包括并联的阻抗调谐器和开关电路，所述基准状态为所述开关电路闭合时所述阻抗调谐电路的状态。The device according to claim 1, wherein the impedance tuning circuit comprises an impedance tuner and a switch circuit connected in parallel, and the reference state is a state of the impedance tuning circuit when the switch circuit is closed.
根据权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述阻抗调谐电路在所述基准状态下的端口反射参数的绝对值小于第一阈值、端口间传输参数的绝对值大于第二阈值。The device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the absolute value of the port reflection parameter of the impedance tuning circuit in the reference state is smaller than a first threshold, and the absolute value of the inter-port transmission parameter is larger than a second threshold.
根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：The device according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the device further comprises:

反射系数检测器，用于当所述阻抗调谐电路处于所述基准状态时，测量所述天线的状态参数。a reflection coefficient detector for measuring the state parameter of the antenna when the impedance tuning circuit is in the reference state.
根据权利要求4所述的装置，其特征在于，所述状态参数为反射系数或阻抗值。The device according to claim 4, wherein the state parameter is a reflection coefficient or an impedance value.
根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：The device according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the device further comprises:

处理器，与所述接口电路耦合，用于输出所述第一控制信号。a processor, coupled to the interface circuit, for outputting the first control signal.
根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于：The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the processor is further configured to:

在满足预设条件时输出所述控制信号，所述预设条件包括以下任一项：发生指定事件，达到预设时长。The control signal is output when a preset condition is met, and the preset condition includes any one of the following: a specified event occurs and a preset duration is reached.
根据权利要求6或7所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器为基带处理器、射频处理器或者微处理器。The apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the processor is a baseband processor, a radio frequency processor or a microprocessor.
根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括所述天线，所述天线为孔径可调天线；The device according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the device further comprises the antenna, and the antenna is an antenna with an adjustable aperture;

所述孔径可调天线，用于调整所述天线的状态参数，以提供阻抗匹配。The aperture adjustable antenna is used to adjust the state parameters of the antenna to provide impedance matching.
根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括射频前端模块，所述阻抗调谐电路耦合在所述射频前端模块与所述天线之间，所述阻抗匹配为所述射频前端模块与所述天线之间的阻抗匹配。The device according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the device further comprises a radio frequency front-end module, the impedance tuning circuit is coupled between the radio frequency front-end module and the antenna, and the impedance matching It is impedance matching between the radio frequency front-end module and the antenna.
根据权利要求10所述的装置，其特征在于，所述射频前端模块包括以下至少一项：功率放大器、滤波器、低噪声放大器、双工器。The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the radio frequency front-end module comprises at least one of the following: a power amplifier, a filter, a low noise amplifier, and a duplexer.
根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：The device according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein the device further comprises:

射频集成电路，用于在所述天线的状态参数测量过程中提供数模/模数转换。A radio frequency integrated circuit for providing digital-to-analog/analog-to-digital conversion during the state parameter measurement process of the antenna.
根据权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述射频集成电路包括：模数/数模转换器、低通滤波器、上/下转换器、驱动放大器。The device according to claim 12, wherein the radio frequency integrated circuit comprises: an analog-to-digital/digital-analog converter, a low-pass filter, an up/down converter, and a drive amplifier.
一种天线调谐方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：An antenna tuning method, characterized in that the method comprises:

设置阻抗调谐电路为基准状态，所述基准状态是多个所述阻抗调谐电路状态中的一个预设状态；setting the impedance tuning circuit as a reference state, and the reference state is a preset state among a plurality of the impedance tuning circuit states;

在所述基准状态下测量天线的状态参数；measuring the state parameter of the antenna in the reference state;

基于所述状态参数做阻抗调谐，以实现阻抗匹配。Impedance tuning is performed based on the state parameters to achieve impedance matching.
根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述阻抗调谐电路包括并联的阻抗调谐器和开关电路，所述基准状态为所述开关电路闭合时所述阻抗调谐电路的状态。The method according to claim 14, wherein the impedance tuning circuit comprises an impedance tuner and a switch circuit connected in parallel, and the reference state is a state of the impedance tuning circuit when the switch circuit is closed.
根据权利要求14或15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述阻抗调谐电路在所述基准状态下的端口反射参数小于第一阈值、端口间传输参数大于第二阈值。The method according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the port reflection parameter of the impedance tuning circuit in the reference state is less than a first threshold, and the inter-port transmission parameter is greater than a second threshold.
根据权利要求14-16任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述状态参数做阻抗调谐，以实现阻抗匹配，包括：The method according to any one of claims 14-16, wherein the performing impedance tuning based on the state parameter to achieve impedance matching, comprising:

基于所述状态参数对所述天线做孔径调谐；Perform aperture tuning on the antenna based on the state parameter;

基于所述孔径调谐后的状态参数调谐所述阻抗调谐电路，以实现阻抗匹配。The impedance tuning circuit is tuned based on the aperture-tuned state parameters to achieve impedance matching.
根据权利要求14-17任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述阻抗匹配为射频前端模块与所述天线之间的阻抗匹配。The method according to any one of claims 14-17, wherein the impedance matching is impedance matching between a radio frequency front-end module and the antenna.
一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序，当所述计算机可读存储介质在设备上运行时，使得所述设备执行权利要求14-18任一项所述的天线调谐方法。A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer-readable storage medium runs on a device, the device causes the device to perform any one of claims 14-18. The antenna tuning method of an item.