WO2022083455A1 - 塔外增湿循环半干法脱硫除尘一体化方法及装置 - Google Patents

塔外增湿循环半干法脱硫除尘一体化方法及装置 Download PDF

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WO2022083455A1
WO2022083455A1 PCT/CN2021/122769 CN2021122769W WO2022083455A1 WO 2022083455 A1 WO2022083455 A1 WO 2022083455A1 CN 2021122769 W CN2021122769 W CN 2021122769W WO 2022083455 A1 WO2022083455 A1 WO 2022083455A1
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desulfurization
desulfurization tower
tower
ash
humidification
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PCT/CN2021/122769
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English (en)
French (fr)
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曲志明
孙金锂
丛华威
于英鹏
柳倩倩
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威海市正大环保设备股份有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN202011121084.6A external-priority patent/CN112221340B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202022334696.5U external-priority patent/CN213433782U/zh
Application filed by 威海市正大环保设备股份有限公司 filed Critical 威海市正大环保设备股份有限公司
Publication of WO2022083455A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022083455A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/80—Semi-solid phase processes, i.e. by using slurries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/96—Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to an integrated method and device for desulphurization and dust removal by a semi-dry method of humidification and circulation outside the tower.
  • Semi-dry desulfurization technology is actually a combination of wet and dry desulfurization methods. It was first applied in the United States in the 1980s and gradually replaced the wet method in flue gas desulfurization. At the same time, it overcomes the shortcomings of wet and dry methods, and has its own characteristics, the advantages of semi-dry desulfurization technology, no waste water, and no white smoke.
  • the principles of various semi-dry desulfurization technologies are similar, and the desulfurization agent is sprayed into the desulfurization tower in the form of dry state or solution. , the desulfurizer reacts with sulfur dioxide while the water evaporates.
  • the amount of desulfurizer added, the amount of water sprayed, the amount of flue gas entering, and the desulfurization efficiency cannot be guaranteed to be within a certain range.
  • the spray gun in the tower is used to humidify, and the uneven distribution of materials can easily cause the hardening in the tower. 2.
  • the phenomenon of bed collapse is easy to occur.
  • For the existing semi-dry desulfurization technology for the high concentration of sulfur dioxide in the flue gas, in order to ensure the desulfurization effect, it is necessary to increase the amount of circulating ash, and the amount of humidification is also increased, so that the circulating ash remains fluidized The difficulty of the state increases, and the bed collapse accident is prone to occur. 3.
  • the resistance of the system is large.
  • the activity of the desulfurizer cannot be improved, the surface activity of the desulfurizer will decrease after running in the desulfurization system for a period of time, the activity cannot be improved, the desulfurization efficiency cannot be improved, and the utilization rate of the desulfurizer is not high. 5.
  • the flue gas has poor adaptability. When the flue gas parameters fluctuate greatly or the system needs to be started and stopped frequently, it is easy to cause bed collapse accidents.
  • the desulfurization resistance is large, the activity of the desulfurizer cannot be improved, and the flue gas adaptability is poor, and the invention provides a non-condensing and collapsed bed.
  • the desulfurization resistance is small, the desulfurization agent activity is effectively improved, and the flue gas is highly adaptable to the external humidification cycle semi-dry desulfurization and dust removal integrated method and device.
  • the invention provides an external humidification cycle semi-dry desulfurization and dust removal integrated device, which is provided with a steel bracket, on which a dust collector upper box is fixed, and the upper end of the dust collector upper box is fixed with a In the cleaning room of the dust collector, a dust collector hopper is fixed at the lower end of the upper box of the dust collector, and a desulfurization tower is arranged in the middle of the upper box of the dust collector.
  • the desulfurization tower has a "C" type structure.
  • An ash hopper feeding device is connected below the ash hopper, the outlet of the ash hopper feeding device is connected to a humidification digester, the humidification digester is connected to the inlet of the desulfurization tower, and the dust hopper is connected to the outlet of the desulfurization tower.
  • the desulfurization tower is sequentially provided with a desulfurization tower ash hopper, a desulfurization tower inlet section, a desulfurization tower circulation section, and a desulfurization tower separation section, the desulfurization tower separation section is communicated with the dust collector ash hopper, and the desulfurization tower
  • the inlet is arranged at the inlet section of the desulfurization tower, and a stirring device is also arranged between the humidification digester and the inlet of the desulfurization tower.
  • the separation section of the desulfurization tower is in a volute shape
  • the separation section of the desulfurization tower is installed in the middle of the upper box of the dust collector
  • a wall breaking device of the desulfurization tower is arranged in the separation section of the desulfurization tower.
  • the tower wall breaking device is composed of flat steel, and the desulfurization tower wall breaking device is installed in a row at the outlet of the separation section of the desulfurization tower.
  • the separation section of the desulfurization tower is arranged in the middle of the upper box of the dust collector.
  • the dust collectors are arranged on both sides of the separation section of the desulfurization tower.
  • the humidification digester is provided with a stirring and conveying device and a process water adding device.
  • the inlet section of the desulfurization tower is set in a U-shaped structure.
  • the invention also provides an integrated method of external humidification cycle semi-dry desulfurization and dust removal.
  • the desulfurization tower and the dust collector are integrally arranged, and the desulfurization agent is humidified by external humidification. When the flue gas enters the desulfurization tower, it has high humidification activity.
  • the desulfurization ash with large particles will fall into the ash hopper of the desulfurization tower, and the desulfurized ash with small particles will enter the separation section of the desulfurization tower with the flue gas for gas-solid phase separation to realize the "internal circulation" of the desulfurized ash;
  • the desulfurized ash in the ash hopper of the desulfurization tower is sent to the desulfurization tower above the circulation section of the desulfurization tower through the feeding device of the ash hopper of the desulfurization tower, and a part of the desulfurized ash falls back to the ash hopper of the desulfurization tower.
  • the flue gas enters the separation section to realize the "external circulation" of the desulfurized ash; the separation section utilizes the centrifugal effect of the volute structure to achieve gas-solid phase separation; the desulfurization tower sets the ash hopper, the inlet section, the circulation section, and the separation section path as
  • the "C” type structure can increase the contact path between the flue gas and the desulfurizing agent.
  • the "C” type structure can effectively separate the desulfurizing agent and reduce the filtration burden of the dust collector.
  • Desulfurizer particles expose the new surface of the desulfurizer and enhance the activity of the desulfurizer.
  • the desulfurized ash returned to the upper part of the circulation section of the desulfurization tower is humidified and digested outside the tower.
  • the inlet section of the desulfurization tower is set as a U-shaped structure that changes the flow direction of the flue gas.
  • the U-shaped structure can make the desulfurization agent and the flue gas evenly mixed, and at the same time, the large-particle desulfurization agent is transported back to the desulfurization tower by means of pneumatic conveying. Re-engage in the response.
  • the invention adopts the humidification and digestion outside the tower, the circulating desulfurizer and water enter the reactor after premixing with water outside the tower, the activity of the circulating desulfurizer is greatly improved, the problems of hardening in the tower and condensation on the wet wall are avoided, and the circulating desulfurizer and water After premixing with water outside the tower, it enters the reactor, and the secondary humidification activity of the circulating desulfurizer is greatly improved;
  • the invention adopts the fluidization control of the desulfurizing agent to synchronize with the humidification outside the tower, three-phase reaction in the tower, no bed layer, no need for pure flue gas circulation, and the "double circulation inside and outside the tower" of the desulfurization ash has strong anti-flue gas fluctuation ability and no collapsed bed. risk, and solve the problem of the existing semi-dry desulfurization collapsed bed;
  • the invention does not need to build a bed layer, and the desulfurization tower and the dust collector are integrated with a small footprint, which reduces the system resistance and solves the problem of large resistance in the existing semi-dry desulfurization method;
  • the use of external humidification and digestion can increase the activity of the circulating desulfurizer by secondary humidification.
  • the material cutting net is set at the "C" type end of the desulfurization tower, and the stirring device is set at the inlet of the desulfurization tower.
  • the stirring device strongly crushes the desulfurizer particles, effectively It continuously exposes new surfaces, improves the reactivity, and at the same time, the material does not agglomerate, the fluidity is good, the flue gas and the desulfurizer are evenly distributed, the utilization rate of the desulfurizer is improved, and the activity of the existing semi-dry desulfurizer is solved. to the question of ascension;
  • Fig. 1 is the process flow schematic diagram of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the schematic structural diagram of the integrated device of desulfurization tower dust collector according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the desulfurization tower in FIG. 2 .
  • the desulfurizing agent in the raw material warehouse enters the desulfurization tower through the material ejector, and mixes and reacts with the inlet flue gas in the desulfurization tower, and a part of the circulating ash in the desulfurizing tower passes through the circulating ejector Return to the desulfurization tower for repeated desulfurization, and another part of the circulating ash enters the bag filter for gas-solid separation.
  • the present invention is provided with a steel bracket 1, on which a precipitator is fixed, the precipitator comprises an upper box 4 of the precipitator, and the upper end of the upper box 4 of the precipitator is fixed with a precipitator cleaning chamber 5, The lower end is fixed with a dust collector hopper 3, and the desulfurization tower 2 is located in the middle of the upper box 4 of the dust collector.
  • the desulfurization tower 2 is integrated with the dust collector.
  • the air passage adopts a "C" type structure; the ash hopper feeding device 6 is connected below the dust hopper 3, and the ash hopper feeding device 6 mainly adopts an electric feeding valve, and the outlet of the ash hopper feeding device 6 is connected to the humidification digester 7 ,
  • the humidification digester 7 is mainly composed of a stirring and conveying device and a process water adding device, which realizes the uniform water addition of the desulfurizing agent and conveys the material to the inlet of the desulfurization tower, and a stirring device 8 is installed at the inlet of the desulfurization tower.
  • the desulfurization tower 2 is composed of the desulfurization tower inlet section 10, the desulfurization tower ash bucket 9, the desulfurization tower circulation section 11, the desulfurization tower wall breaking device 12 and the desulfurization tower separation section 13, and the entire passage length is 30-45 meters.
  • the desulfurization tower inlet section 10 is set to a U-shaped structure, the bottom of the U-shaped structure is provided with a desulfurization tower ash hopper 9, the U-shaped structure outlet is provided with a desulfurization tower circulation section 11, and the desulfurization tower circulation section 11 is connected with the desulfurization tower separation section 13;
  • the wall breaking device 12 of the desulfurization tower is installed at the outlet of the separation section 13 of the desulfurization tower.
  • the wall breaking device 12 of the desulfurization tower is arranged in rows of flat steel.
  • the particles are continuously exposed to the new surface, and the activity of the desulfurizer is enhanced;
  • the separation section 13 of the desulfurization tower is in the shape of a volute.
  • the dust hopper 3 of the dust collector is connected to the outlet of the separation section 13 of the desulfurization tower.
  • the stirring device 8 is installed at the inlet end of the desulfurization tower 2.
  • the inlet section 10 of the desulfurization tower is set as a U-shaped structure, and the large particles of desulfurization ash fall to the bottom of the U-shaped structure and enter the desulfurization tower ash hopper 9, while the small particles of desulfurization ash enter the desulfurization tower circulation section 11 with the flue gas, and then enter the desulfurization tower.
  • This is the "internal circulation" of the desulfurization ash; at the same time, the desulfurized ash falling into the desulfurization tower ash bucket 9 enters the lower end of the desulfurization tower ash bucket 9 due to gravity
  • the feeding device is sent to the top of the desulfurization tower circulation section 11 through the Roots blower, circulating ejector, etc., and enters the desulfurization tower 2.
  • the invention adopts the mode of "C-type tower” + “double circulation inside and outside the tower", without the need to build a bed layer, the activity of the desulfurizer is enhanced, the ability to resist flue gas fluctuation is strong, there is no risk of bed collapse, and the adaptability is strong.
  • the invention adopts the external humidification and circulation semi-dry desulfurization and dust removal integration, adopts the external humidification and digestion, the circulating desulfurizer and water are premixed with water outside the tower and then enter the reactor, and the secondary humidification activity of the circulating desulfurizer is greatly improved. At the same time, it also avoids the occurrence of dew condensation and the hardening of the desulfurizer.
  • the process water consumption of the desulfurization and dust removal system is small, the whole system is dry, and there is no waste water discharge, and the tower body and chimney do not need to be anti-corrosion; Improve the conveying method, improve the operation rate and reduce power consumption.

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种塔外增湿循环半干法脱硫除尘一体化方法及装置，其解决了现有半干法脱硫湿壁易结露、塌床，脱硫阻力大，脱硫剂活性得不到提升，烟气适应性较差的技术问题，通过脱硫塔与除尘器一体化设置，脱硫剂加湿采用塔外增湿，当烟气进入脱硫塔时与增湿活性高的循环灰反应，大颗粒的脱硫灰降落到脱硫塔灰斗，小颗粒的脱硫灰则随烟气进入到脱硫塔分离段进行气固相分离，实现脱硫灰的"内循环"；降落到脱硫塔灰斗里面的脱硫灰通过脱硫塔灰斗下料装置，经过气力输送的方式送到脱硫塔的循环段上方进入脱硫塔，一部分会脱硫灰降落回到脱硫塔灰斗，一部分脱硫灰会随烟气进入分离段，实现了脱硫灰的"外循环"。本发明可广泛应于烟气脱硫除尘。

Description

塔外增湿循环半干法脱硫除尘一体化方法及装置 技术领域
本发明涉及环保技术领域，特别是涉及一种塔外增湿循环半干法脱硫除尘一体化方法及装置。
背景技术
半干法脱硫技术实际上是湿法和干法相结合的一种脱硫方法，早在二十世纪八十年代在美国第一次应用，逐渐取代了湿法在烟气脱硫的位置。它同时克服了湿法和干法的缺点，又具备了自己的特点，半干法脱硫技术的优点，没有废水，不产生白烟。但在使用过程中目前半干法脱硫出现一些问题:1、湿壁结露问题，目前各种半干法脱硫技术原理相近，都是将脱硫剂以干态或者溶液的形式喷入脱硫塔内，脱硫剂与二氧化硫反应同时水分蒸发。脱硫剂的加入量、喷入水的量与烟气进入的量、脱硫效率的高低，无法保证各操作参数在一定的范围内，很难去控制，极易出现湿壁结露现象。同时采用塔内喷枪增湿，物料分配不均极易造成塔内板结。2、易出现塌床现象，现有半干法脱硫技术对于烟气中二氧化硫浓度较高的情况，为保证脱硫效果，需增大循环灰量，加湿量也有所提高，使得循环灰保持流化状态难度增大，容易出现塌床事故。3、***阻力大，由于脱硫塔底部增加了文丘里装置，为了提升循环物料，此处风速过高，从而增加了***的阻力。4、脱硫剂活性得不到提升，脱硫剂在脱硫***中运行一段时间其表面活性降低，活性得不到提升，脱硫效率提升不了，脱硫剂利用率不高。5、烟气适应性较差，当烟气参数波动较大或***需较频繁启停时，容易造成塌床事故，对于烟气中二氧化硫浓度较高的情况，为保证脱硫效果，需增大循环灰量，加湿量也有所提高，使得循环灰保持流化状态难度增大，容易出现塌床事故。
目前急需一种新型半干法脱硫技术既可以解决上述问题又具有半干法脱硫优点的技术。
发明内容
本发明为了解决现有半干法脱硫湿壁易结露、塌床，脱硫阻力大，脱硫剂活性得不到提升，烟气适应性较差的技术问题，提供一种不易结露和塌床，脱硫阻力小，脱硫剂活性有效提升，烟气适应性高的塔外增湿循环半干法脱硫除尘一体化方法及装置。
本发明提供一种塔外增湿循环半干法脱硫除尘一体化装置，其设有钢支架，所述钢支架上固定设有除尘器上箱体，所述除尘器上箱体上端固设有除尘器清洁室，所述除尘器上箱体下端固设有除尘器灰斗，所述除尘器上箱体的中间设有脱硫塔，所述脱硫塔成“C”型结构，所述除尘器灰斗下方连接灰斗下料装置，所述灰斗下料装置出口连接加湿消化机，所述加湿消化机与所述脱硫塔进口连接，所述除尘器灰斗与所述脱硫塔出口连通。
优选地，所述脱硫塔依次设有脱硫塔灰斗、脱硫塔进口段、脱硫塔循环段、和脱硫塔分离段，所述脱硫塔分离段与所述除尘器灰斗连通，所述脱硫塔进口设置在所述脱硫塔进口段，所述加湿消化机与所述脱硫塔进口之间还设有搅拌装置。
优选地，所述脱硫塔分离段成蜗壳状，所述脱硫塔分离段安装在所述除尘器上箱体中间位置，所述脱硫塔分离段内设有脱硫塔破壁装置，所述脱硫塔破壁装置采用扁钢组成，所述脱硫塔破壁装置安装在所述脱硫塔分离段出口成排排列。
优选地，所述脱硫塔分离段设置在所述除尘器上箱体中间位置。
优选地，所述除尘器设置在所述脱硫塔分离段的两侧。
优选地，所述加湿消化机设有搅拌输送装置和工艺加水装置。
优选地，所述脱硫塔进口段设置为U型结构。
本发明还提供一种塔外增湿循环半干法脱硫除尘一体化方法，脱硫塔与除尘器一体化设置，脱硫剂加湿采用塔外增湿，当烟气进入脱硫塔时与增湿活性高的循环脱硫剂反应，大颗粒的脱硫灰降落到脱硫塔灰斗，小颗粒的脱硫灰则随烟气进入到脱硫塔分离段进行气固相分离，实现脱硫灰的“内循环”；降落到脱硫塔灰斗里面的脱硫灰通过脱硫塔灰斗下料 装置，经过气力输送的方式送到脱硫塔的循环段上方进入脱硫塔，一部分脱硫灰降落回到脱硫塔灰斗，一部分脱硫灰会随烟气进入所述分离段，实现了脱硫灰的“外循环”；分离段利用蜗壳结构离心的作用实现气固相分离；脱硫塔将灰斗、进口段、循环段、分离段路径设置为能够增加了烟气与脱硫剂接触路径的“C”型结构，“C”型结构作用能够有效分离脱硫剂，减轻除尘器的过滤负担；脱硫塔分离段采用扁钢组成破壁装置，切割破碎脱硫剂颗粒，使脱硫剂裸露出新表面，增强脱硫剂的活性。
优选地，送回脱硫塔的循环段上方的的脱硫灰采用塔外增湿及消化。
优选地，脱硫塔进口段设置为改变烟气流动方向的U型结构，U型结构作用能够让脱硫剂和烟气混合均匀，同时通过采用气力输送的方式将大颗粒的脱硫剂输送回脱硫塔重新参与反应。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明采用塔外增湿及消化，循环脱硫剂与水在塔外加水预混后进入反应器，循环脱硫剂活性大大提高，避免塔内板结以及湿壁结露的问题，循环脱硫剂与水在塔外加水预混后进入反应器，循环脱硫剂二次增湿活性大大提高；
本发明采用脱硫剂的流化控制与塔外加湿同步，塔内三相反应，不设床层、无需净烟气循环、脱硫灰“塔内外双循环”抗烟气波动能力强，无塌床风险，解决了现有半干法脱硫塌床的问题；
本发明无需构建床层以及脱硫塔与除尘器一体机设计占地面积小，降低了***阻力，解决了现有半干法脱硫阻力大的问题；
采用塔外增湿及消化可以让循环脱硫剂二次增湿提高活性，脱硫塔“C”型末端设置物料切割网以及脱硫塔进口段设置搅拌装置，搅拌装置强力破碎脱硫剂颗粒，有效的使其不断裸露出新表面，提高反应活性，同时物料不结块，流动性好，烟气与脱硫剂的均匀分布，提高了脱硫剂的利用率，解决现有半干法脱硫脱硫剂活性得不到提升的问题；
解决现有半干法脱硫烟气适应性较差的问题，对烟气流量、SO2浓度、温度的变化适应能力极强；脱硫效率高，可达到99％以上，可以实现多塔串联，可提升脱硫效率。
附图说明
图1为本发明的工艺流程示意图；
图2为本发明脱硫塔除尘器一体化装置结构示意图；
图3为图2中脱硫塔结构示意图。
附图符号说明：
1.钢支架；2.脱硫塔；3.除尘器灰斗；4.除尘器上箱体；5.除尘器清洁室；6.灰斗下料装置；7.加湿消化机；8.搅拌装置；9.脱硫塔灰斗；10.脱硫塔进口段；11.脱硫塔循环段；12.脱硫塔破壁装置；13.脱硫塔分离段。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步说明，以使本发明所属技术领域的技术人员能够容易实施本发明。
实施例：
如图1所示，为本发明的工艺流程示意图，原料仓内的脱硫剂经过物料喷射器进入脱硫塔，与脱硫塔内的入口烟气混合反应，脱硫塔内的循环灰一部分经过循环喷射器返回脱硫塔重复脱硫，另一部分循环灰进入布袋除尘器，进行气固分离，循环灰进入加湿消化机加湿后返回脱硫塔，其余副产物送入废料仓储存，用罐车外送。
如图2所示，本发明设有钢支架1，钢支架1上固定设有除尘器，除尘器包括除尘器上箱体4，除尘器上箱体4上端固设有除尘器清洁室5，下端固设有除尘器灰斗3，脱硫塔2位于除尘器上箱体4的中间，脱硫塔2与除尘器一体化设置，除尘器与脱硫塔2密切结合在一起，整个脱硫塔2的烟气通道采用“C”型结构；除尘器灰斗3下方连接灰斗下料装置6，所述灰斗下料装置6主要采用电动下料阀，灰斗下料装置6出口连接加湿消化机7，加湿消化机7主要由搅拌输送装置和工艺加水装置组成，实现脱硫剂的加水均匀以及将物料输送到脱硫塔进口，并在脱硫塔进口设置搅拌装置8。
如图3所示，脱硫塔2由脱硫塔进口段10、脱硫塔灰斗9、脱硫塔循环段11、脱硫塔破壁装置12和脱硫塔分离段13组成，整个通道长度在30-45米，脱硫塔进口段10设置为U型结构，U型结构底部设有脱硫塔灰斗9，U型结构出口处设有脱硫塔循环段11，脱硫塔循环段11与脱硫塔分离段13连接；脱硫塔破壁装置12安装在脱硫塔分离段13出口，脱硫塔破壁装置12采用扁钢成排排列，每一排由4根宽350mm厚10mm的扁钢组成，有利于强力切割破碎脱硫剂颗粒，使其不断裸露出新表面，增强脱硫剂的活性；脱硫塔分离段13成蜗壳状。除尘器灰斗3与脱硫塔分离段13出口连接。
搅拌装置8安装于脱硫塔2的进口端，当烟气进入脱硫塔2时与含有较多活性的循环灰经除尘器灰斗下料装置6和加湿消化机7后，投入脱硫塔2参与脱硫反应。脱硫塔进口段10设置为U型结构，大颗粒的脱硫灰降落到U型结构底部，进入脱硫塔灰斗9，小颗粒的脱硫灰则随烟气进入到脱硫塔循环段11，后进入脱硫塔分离段13；脱硫塔分离段13采用蜗壳结构，利用蜗壳离心的作用实现气固相的分离，同时将大部分的脱硫灰送到除尘器灰斗3里面，这样大大减少了除尘器的过滤负担，降低了除尘器的负荷，整个***的阻力也会降低，这是脱硫灰的“内循环”；同时降落到脱硫塔灰斗9里面的脱硫灰由于重力进入脱硫塔灰斗9下端的下料装置，经过罗茨风机、循环喷射器等采用气力输送的方式送到脱硫塔循环段11上方进入脱硫塔2，一部分会降落回到脱硫塔灰斗9，一部分会随烟气进入分离段，实现了脱硫灰的“外循环”。通过“塔内外双循环”模式，脱硫塔2内无需设床层，稳定性更高。
本发明采用“C型塔”+“塔内外双循环”模式，无需建床层，脱硫剂活性增强，抗烟气波动能力强，无塌床风险，适应性强。本发明采用塔外增湿循环半干法脱硫除尘一体化采用塔外增湿及消化，循环脱硫剂与水在塔外加水预混后进入反应器，循环脱硫剂二次增湿活性大大提高，同时也避免结露以及脱硫剂板结现象的出现。脱硫除尘***工艺水消耗量小，整个***为干态、无废水排放，塔体及烟囱无需防腐；出口烟温高于露点，无需烟气二次加热排放，无白烟；循环灰均采用气力提升输 送方式，提高作业率，降低电耗。
以上所述仅对本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡是在本发明的权利要求限定范围内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种塔外增湿循环半干法脱硫除尘一体化装置，其设有钢支架，所述钢支架上固定设有除尘器上箱体，所述除尘器上箱体上端固设有除尘器清洁室，所述除尘器上箱体下端固设有除尘器灰斗，所述除尘器上箱体的中间设有脱硫塔，其特征是，所述脱硫塔成“C”型结构，所述除尘器灰斗下方连接灰斗下料装置，所述灰斗下料装置出口连接加湿消化机，所述加湿消化机与所述脱硫塔进口连接，所述除尘器灰斗与所述脱硫塔出口连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述塔外增湿循环半干法脱硫除尘一体化装置，其特征在于，所述脱硫塔依次设有脱硫塔灰斗、脱硫塔进口段、脱硫塔循环段、和脱硫塔分离段，所述脱硫塔分离段与所述除尘器灰斗连通，所述脱硫塔进口设置在所述脱硫塔进口段，所述加湿消化机与所述脱硫塔进口之间还设有搅拌装置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述塔外增湿循环半干法脱硫除尘一体化装置，其特征在于，所述脱硫塔分离段成蜗壳状，所述脱硫塔分离段安装在所述除尘器上箱体中间位置，所述脱硫塔分离段内设有脱硫塔破壁装置，所述脱硫塔破壁装置采用扁钢组成，所述脱硫塔破壁装置安装在所述脱硫塔分离段出口成排排列。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述塔外增湿循环半干法脱硫除尘一体化装置，其特征在于，所述脱硫塔分离段设置在所述除尘器上箱体中间位置。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述塔外增湿循环半干法脱硫除尘一体化装置，其特征在于，所述除尘器设置在所述脱硫塔分离段的两侧。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述塔外增湿循环半干法脱硫除尘一体化装置，其特征在于，所述加湿消化机设有搅拌输送装置和工艺加水装置。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述塔外增湿循环半干法脱硫除尘一体化装置，其特征在于，所述脱硫塔进口段设置为U型结构。
  8. 一种塔外增湿循环半干法脱硫除尘一体化方法，其特征是，采用权利要求1-7任一所述塔外增湿循环半干法脱硫除尘一体化装置，脱硫塔与除尘器一体化设置，脱硫塔设置在除尘器中间，脱硫剂加湿采用塔外增湿，当烟气进入脱硫塔时与增湿活性高的循环脱硫剂反应，大颗粒 的脱硫灰降落到脱硫塔灰斗，小颗粒的脱硫灰则随烟气进入到脱硫塔分离段进行气固相分离，实现脱硫灰的“内循环”；降落到脱硫塔灰斗里面的脱硫灰通过脱硫塔灰斗下料装置，经过气力输送的方式送到脱硫塔的循环段上方进入脱硫塔，一部分脱硫灰降落回到脱硫塔灰斗，一部分脱硫灰会随烟气进入所述分离段，实现了脱硫灰的“外循环”；所述分离段利用蜗壳结构离心的作用实现气固相分离；所述脱硫塔将灰斗、进口段、循环段、分离段路径设置为能够增加了烟气与脱硫剂接触路径的“C”型结构，“C”型结构作用能够有效分离脱硫剂，减轻除尘器的过滤负担；所述脱硫塔分离段采用扁钢组成破壁装置，切割破碎脱硫剂颗粒，使脱硫剂裸露出新表面，增强脱硫剂的活性。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述塔外增湿循环半干法脱硫除尘一体化方法，其特征在于，送回脱硫塔的循环段上方的的脱硫灰采用塔外增湿及消化。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述塔外增湿循环半干法脱硫除尘一体化方法，其特征在于，所述脱硫塔进口段设置为改变烟气流动方向的U型结构，U型结构作用能够让脱硫剂和烟气混合均匀，同时通过采用气力输送的方式将大颗粒的脱硫剂输送回脱硫塔重新参与反应。
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