WO2022067511A1 - Electrode assembly and manufacturing method therefor, and lithium battery - Google Patents

Electrode assembly and manufacturing method therefor, and lithium battery Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022067511A1
WO2022067511A1 PCT/CN2020/118853 CN2020118853W WO2022067511A1 WO 2022067511 A1 WO2022067511 A1 WO 2022067511A1 CN 2020118853 W CN2020118853 W CN 2020118853W WO 2022067511 A1 WO2022067511 A1 WO 2022067511A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pole piece
aerogel
area
current collector
layer
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PCT/CN2020/118853
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘凯
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宁德新能源科技有限公司
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Application filed by 宁德新能源科技有限公司 filed Critical 宁德新能源科技有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2020/118853 priority Critical patent/WO2022067511A1/en
Priority to CN202080086449.8A priority patent/CN114830425A/en
Publication of WO2022067511A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022067511A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular, to an electrode assembly, a method for manufacturing the same, and a lithium battery.
  • the battery separator is a layer of separator material between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery.
  • the negative electrodes pass freely; the performance of the separator determines the interfacial structure and internal resistance of the battery, which directly affects the capacity, cycle and safety performance of the battery.
  • Lithium batteries usually use polyethylene, polypropylene or non-woven fabrics as separators.
  • separators In order to enhance the high temperature resistance and oxidation resistance of the separators, related technologies include coating on the separators, for example, on the single side or double sides of the separator surface.
  • One or more ceramic protective layers are applied, however, the above treatments also increase the weight of the battery, resulting in a reduction in the battery's gravimetric energy density.
  • an electrode assembly which includes a first pole piece and a second pole piece, and also includes an aerogel layer for isolating the first pole piece and the second pole piece.
  • the gel layer is formed on the surface of the first pole piece and/or the surface of the second pole piece; the aerogel layer includes aerogel, the specific surface area of the aerogel is greater than 500m 2 /g, and the average pore size is 10nm-50nm.
  • the first pole piece includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and an aerogel layer is formed on the first surface and the second surface; the aerogel layer includes the first aerogel layer and The second aerogel layer, the first aerogel layer completely covers the first surface, and the second aerogel layer completely covers the second surface.
  • At least one of the first surface and the second surface includes a diaphragm area and an empty foil area, the current collector of the first pole piece is exposed in the empty foil area, the empty foil area is welded with a tab, and the tab is welded.
  • Covered with an insulating protective layer at least one surface-covered aerogel layer covers the membrane area, the empty foil area and the insulating protective layer.
  • the first aerogel layer and/or the second aerogel layer has a blank area, the current collector of the first pole piece is exposed in the blank area, the blank area is welded with a tab, and the tab is covered with insulating protection. layer.
  • the first pole piece and the second pole piece both include a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the first surface of the first pole piece and the first surface of the second pole piece are directed toward In the same direction, the aerogel layers are respectively formed on the first surface of the first pole piece and the first surface of the second pole piece; the aerogel layer includes a first aerogel layer and a second aerogel layer, and the first aerogel layer is The gel layer completely covers the first surface of the first pole piece, and the second aerogel layer completely covers the first surface of the second pole piece.
  • the second surface of the first pole piece includes a first diaphragm area and a first empty foil area, the current collector of the first pole piece is exposed in the first empty foil area, and the first empty foil area is welded with the first pole.
  • the first pole ear is covered with a first insulating protective layer;
  • the second surface of the second pole piece includes a second diaphragm area and a second empty foil area, and the current collector of the second pole piece is exposed in the second empty foil area,
  • the second empty foil area is welded with a second tab, and the second tab is covered with a second insulating protective layer.
  • the thickness of the aerogel layer ranges from 3 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the porosity of the aerogel is greater than 70%, and the deformation recovery rate of the aerogel is greater than 50%.
  • the specific surface area of the aerogel is 500 m 2 /g to 1500 m 2 /g, and the thickness of the aerogel layer is 10 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the aerogel includes one of polysiloxane-based aerogel, siloxy metal oxide aerogel, silica aerogel, aluminum oxide aerogel, and titanium dioxide aerogel or more.
  • the present application also provides a lithium battery, including a battery casing and the above electrode assembly.
  • the present application also provides a method for manufacturing an electrode assembly, comprising the following steps:
  • the specific surface area of the aerogel is greater than 500 m 2 /g, and the average pore size is 10 nm to 50 nm.
  • At least one of the front and back sides of the first current collector includes a first empty foil area formed by not coating the first active material, and the first current collector is exposed in the first empty foil area;
  • the manufacturing method also includes:
  • Step S5 specifically includes:
  • the mixed glue is completely coated on the front and back surfaces of the first pole piece.
  • step S1 specifically includes:
  • Step S5 specifically includes:
  • the manufacturing method also includes:
  • step S1 specifically includes:
  • the first active material is completely coated on one side of the first current collector to form a first membrane area, and the other side of the first current collector is partially coated with the first active material to form another first membrane area and a first void foil area;
  • Step S3 specifically includes:
  • the second active material is completely coated on one side of the second current collector to form a second membrane area, and the second active material is partially coated on the other side of the second current collector to form another second membrane area and a second void foil area;
  • Step S5 specifically includes:
  • the side of the first pole piece that is completely coated with the first active material, and the side of the second pole piece that is completely coated with the second active material is completely coated with a mixed glue solution including aerogel and a binder.
  • the thickness of the aerogel layer ranges from 3 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the porosity of the aerogel is greater than 70%, and the deformation recovery rate of the aerogel is greater than 50%.
  • the specific surface area of the aerogel is 500 m 2 /g to 1500 m 2 /g, and the thickness of the aerogel layer is 10 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the weight mixing ratio of the aerogel and the binder is between 85 and 95:100
  • the aerogel includes polysiloxane aerogel, siloxy metal oxide aerogel, silicon dioxide One or more of aerogels, aluminum oxide aerogels, and titanium dioxide aerogels.
  • the electrode assembly of the embodiment of the present application includes a first pole piece and a second pole piece, and further includes an aerogel layer for isolating the first pole piece and the second pole piece, and the aerogel layer can make the first pole piece and the second pole piece separate.
  • the electrical insulation between the diodes and the free passage of ions in the electrolyte, the use of the aerogel layer as the separator can improve the resistance of the electrode assembly to external force impact, reduce the weight of the electrode assembly, and increase the weight and energy of the energy storage element density.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of welding a tab in an empty foil area provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an aerogel layer covering the membrane area and the empty foil area provided in an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of welding a tab in a blank area provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the aerogel layer completely covering the diaphragm area provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode assembly provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing an electrode assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing an electrode assembly provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing an electrode assembly according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electrode assembly, which can be applied to energy storage elements such as capacitors or batteries, and includes a first pole piece, a second pole piece, and a gas for isolating the first pole piece and the second pole piece
  • the gel layer, the aerogel layer is formed on the surface of the first pole piece and/or the surface of the second pole piece.
  • the aerogel layer is prepared by using an aerogel material that is electronically insulating and does not chemically react within the battery voltage range or its aerogel precursor.
  • the isolation between the first pole piece and the second pole piece can ensure electrical insulation between the first pole piece and the second pole piece; moreover, due to its space void structure, it can also be used in electrolytic capacitors or batteries.
  • the ions pass freely between the positive and negative electrodes.
  • Aerogel as an amorphous low-density material with a nanoporous structure, is one of the lightest known solids, of which about 95% of the volume is air, excellent thermal stability and mechanical properties and ultra-low thermal conductivity It can withstand high temperature above 1000 degrees and surface pressure of gigapascals.
  • most of the aerogels are applied in the fields of aviation and clothing, while in the embodiment of the present application, the aerogel is applied to the energy storage element, and the first pole piece and the second pole piece are separated by using an aerogel layer.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a lithium battery, the lithium battery includes the electrode assembly as described above, after the electrode assembly is packaged in a packaging case, electrolyte perfusion, electrochemical activation and other treatments can be performed according to conventional processes to obtain a charged lithium battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrode assembly 100 includes a first pole piece 110, a second pole piece 120 and an aerogel layer 130.
  • the aerogel layer 130 is formed on the The surface of the first pole piece 110 .
  • the first pole piece 110 includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface
  • the aerogel layer 130 includes a first aerogel layer 131 and a second aerogel layer 132
  • the first aerogel layer The adhesive layer 131 is formed on the first surface and completely covers the first surface
  • the second aerogel layer 132 is formed on the second surface and completely covers the second surface to prevent the first pole piece 110 and the second pole piece 120 from contacting, thereby Electrical insulation between the first pole piece 110 and the second pole piece 120 is ensured.
  • the pole piece includes a current collector, a membrane area formed by coating active material on both sides of the current collector, and a tab connected to the current collector, then an empty foil area needs to be set on the surface of the current collector, that is, the area formed by not coating the active material , so that the current collector is exposed, and the tabs can be welded on the current collector; the tabs and the current collector are used to collect the current generated by the active material so as to form a larger current for external output.
  • the current collectors, the tabs and the coated active materials can be selected according to the polarity of the pole pieces.
  • the pole piece is a positive pole piece
  • aluminum foil is used for the current collector
  • aluminum tape is used for the electrode tab
  • a positive electrode active material is used for the coating active material.
  • At least one of the first surface and the second surface of the first pole piece 110 includes a membrane area 111 and an empty foil area 112 , and the first pole piece 110 has a The current collector is exposed in the empty foil area 112 , the empty foil area 112 is welded with tabs 113 , and the aerogel layer 131 or 132 covered on the surface covers the diaphragm area 111 and the empty foil area 112 .
  • the surface of the tab 113 may be covered with an insulating protective layer (not shown in the figure), and the aerogel layer 131 may cover the insulating protective layer.
  • a diaphragm area 111 and an empty foil area can be provided on both the first surface and the second surface of the first pole piece 110 . 112; If it is only necessary to connect the tabs on one side of the current collector, the membrane area 111 and the empty foil area 112 can be set on one of the first surface and the second surface of the collector; the other surface is completely coated with active material The membrane area is formed and the aerogel layer completely covers the membrane area.
  • At least one aerogel layer in the first aerogel layer 131 and the second aerogel layer 132 has a blank area 114 , and the current collector of the first pole piece 110 Exposed in the blank area 114, the blank area is welded with tabs 113, and the tabs 113 are covered with an insulating protective layer (not shown in the figure).
  • a fully covered membrane area can be formed on the front and back sides of the current collector to obtain the first pole piece 110 , and then the first aerogel layer 131 can completely cover the membrane on the first surface
  • the second aerogel layer 132 completely covers the diaphragm area of the second surface, and then part of the aerogel layer and diaphragm area located on the same surface of the first pole piece 110 can be removed by cleaning or the like to form A blank area 114 that extends to the surface of the current collector.
  • the aerogel layer includes aerogel and a binder, and the weight mixing ratio of the aerogel and the binder is between 85 and 95:100.
  • the aerogel may include polysiloxane aerosols.
  • the glue material can also be an aerogel precursor.
  • the specific surface area of the aerogel is greater than 500 m 2 /g, and the average pore diameter is 10 nm to 50 nm, so as to ensure the mechanical strength of the prepared aerogel layer 130 and meet the requirements of ion conduction characteristics;
  • the porosity of the gel is greater than 70%, and the deformation recovery rate of the aerogel is greater than 50%.
  • the thickness of the aerogel layer is 3 ⁇ m ⁇ 20 ⁇ m, and the specific surface area of the aerogel is further limited to be 500 m 2 /g ⁇ 1500 m 2 /g in combination with the thickness of the aerogel layer.
  • the thickness of the aerogel layer is 10 ⁇ m ⁇ 20 ⁇ m, Even with relatively thick aerogel layers, the effect on its volumetric and gravimetric energy density is negligible.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrode assembly 200 includes a first pole piece 210, a second pole piece 220 and an aerogel layer 230.
  • the aerogel layer 230 is formed on the The surface of the first pole piece 210 and the surface of the second pole piece 220 .
  • the first pole piece 210 and the second pole piece 220 both include a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the first surface of the first pole piece 210 and the first surface of the second pole piece 220 facing the same direction.
  • the aerogel layer 230 includes a first aerogel layer 231 and a second aerogel layer 232.
  • the first aerogel layer 231 is formed on the first surface of the first pole piece 210 and completely covers the first surface of the first pole piece 210.
  • a surface; the second aerogel layer 232 is formed on the first surface of the second pole piece 220 and completely covers the second surface of the second pole piece.
  • the first surface of the first pole piece 210 includes a first diaphragm area completely covering the first surface thereof, and the first aerogel layer 231 completely covers the first diaphragm area;
  • the first surface includes a second membrane area completely covering the first surface thereof, and the second aerogel layer 232 completely covers the second membrane area.
  • the second surface of the first pole piece 210 includes another first diaphragm area and a first empty foil area, the current collector of the first pole piece is exposed in the first empty foil area, and the first empty foil area is welded with the first pole
  • the first tab is covered with a first insulating protective layer
  • the second surface of the second pole piece 220 includes another second diaphragm area and a second empty foil area, and the current collector of the second pole piece is exposed in the second hollow.
  • the foil area, the second empty foil area is welded with a second tab, and the second tab is covered with a second insulating protective layer.
  • the first aerogel layer 231 on the first surface of the first pole piece 210 and the The first diaphragm area is partially removed to form a blank area, so that the current collector of the first pole piece 210 is exposed, and another first tab is welded on the blank area, and another first insulation is covered on the first tab.
  • the protective layer if it is necessary to connect the tabs on both sides of the current collector of the first pole piece 210 , further, the first aerogel layer 231 on the first surface of the first pole piece 210 and the The first diaphragm area is partially removed to form a blank area, so that the current collector of the first pole piece 210 is exposed, and another first tab is welded on the blank area, and another first insulation is covered on the first tab.
  • the second aerogel layer 231 and the first membrane on the second surface of the second pole piece 220 can be made The sheet area is partially removed to form a blank area, so that the current collector of the second pole piece 220 is exposed, and another second tab is welded on the blank area, and another second insulating protective layer is covered on the second tab.
  • the structure of the aerogel layer in this embodiment is the same as the structure of the aerogel layer in Embodiment 1.
  • Embodiment 1 To avoid redundancy, here No longer.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing the above electrode assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the manufacturing method includes the following steps:
  • S1 prepare the first pole piece: provide a first current collector, coat the first active material on the front and back sides of the first current collector to form a first diaphragm area, and at least one of the front and back sides includes an uncoated first a first empty foil region formed by the active material;
  • S3 prepare the second pole piece: provide a second current collector, coat the second active material on the front and back sides of the second current collector to form a second diaphragm area, and at least one of the front and back sides includes an uncoated second a second empty foil region formed by the active material;
  • the preparation method of this embodiment can prepare one of the electrode assemblies provided in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the electrode assemblies provided in the embodiments of the present invention please refer to the electrode assemblies provided in the embodiments of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a flow chart of another method for manufacturing an electrode assembly provided by an embodiment of the application, and the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
  • S3 prepare the second pole piece: provide a second current collector, coat the second active material on the front and back sides of the second current collector to form a second diaphragm area, and at least one of the front and back sides includes an uncoated second a second empty foil region formed by the active material;
  • completely coating in this embodiment means that the formed layer structure completely covers the surface of the coated substrate; the above steps are only schematic, and there is no obvious order of precedence.
  • the preparation method of this embodiment can prepare one of the electrode assemblies provided in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the electrode assemblies provided in the embodiments of the present invention please refer to the electrode assemblies provided in the embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of another method for manufacturing an electrode assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the manufacturing method includes the following steps:
  • S1 prepare the first pole piece: provide a first current collector, completely coat the first active material on one side of the first current collector, form a first diaphragm area, and partially coat the first active material on the other side of the first current collector material to form another first diaphragm area and a first empty foil area;
  • S3 prepare the second pole piece: provide a second current collector, completely coat the second active material on one side of the second current collector to form a second diaphragm area, and partially coat the second active material on the other side of the second current collector material to form another second membrane area and a second empty foil area;
  • completely coating in this embodiment means that the formed layer structure completely covers the surface of the coated substrate; the above steps are only schematic, and there is no obvious order of precedence.
  • the preparation method of this embodiment can prepare one of the electrode assemblies provided in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the electrode assemblies provided in the embodiments of the present invention please refer to the electrode assemblies provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

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Abstract

An electrode assembly (100, 200) and a manufacturing method therefor, and a lithium battery. The electrode assembly (100, 200) comprises a first electrode plate (110, 210) and a second electrode plate (120, 220), and further comprises an aerogel layer (130, 230) for isolating the first electrode plate (110, 210) and the second electrode plate (120, 220). The aerogel layer (130, 230) is formed on a surface of the first electrode plate (110, 210) and/or a surface of the second electrode plate (120, 220) and comprises aerogel, the aerogel having a specific surface area of greater than 500m2/g and an average pore diameter of 10nm to 50nm. By the described way, the external impact resisting capability of the electrode assembly (100, 200) can be improved, the weight of the electrode assembly (100, 200) can be reduced, and the weight energy density of an energy storage element can be improved.

Description

电极组件及其制造方法、锂电池Electrode assembly, method for manufacturing the same, and lithium battery 技术领域technical field
本申请涉及电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种电极组件及其制造方法、锂电池。The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular, to an electrode assembly, a method for manufacturing the same, and a lithium battery.
背景技术Background technique
锂电池的结构中，电池隔膜是在电池正极和负极之间的一层隔膜材料，其作用是隔离正负极并使电池内的电子不能自由穿过，而让电解液中的离子能在正负极之间自由通过；隔膜的性能决定了电池的界面结构、内阻等，直接影响电池的容量、循环以及安全性能等特性。In the structure of the lithium battery, the battery separator is a layer of separator material between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery. The negative electrodes pass freely; the performance of the separator determines the interfacial structure and internal resistance of the battery, which directly affects the capacity, cycle and safety performance of the battery.
锂电池通常采用聚乙烯、聚丙烯或者无纺布等作为隔膜，为了增强隔膜的抗高温和抗氧化能力，相关技术包括在隔膜上进行涂层处理，例如，在隔膜表面的单面或双面涂布一层或多层陶瓷保护层，然而，上述处理也会增大电池重量，导致电池的重量能量密度减小。Lithium batteries usually use polyethylene, polypropylene or non-woven fabrics as separators. In order to enhance the high temperature resistance and oxidation resistance of the separators, related technologies include coating on the separators, for example, on the single side or double sides of the separator surface. One or more ceramic protective layers are applied, however, the above treatments also increase the weight of the battery, resulting in a reduction in the battery's gravimetric energy density.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本申请采用的技术方案是：第一方面，提供一种电极组件，包括第一极片和第二极片，还包括用于隔离第一极片和第二极片的气凝胶层，气凝胶层形成于第一极片的表面和/或第二极片的表面；气凝胶层包括气凝胶，气凝胶的比表面积大于500m 2/g，平均孔径为10nm～50nm。 The technical solution adopted in the present application is: in the first aspect, an electrode assembly is provided, which includes a first pole piece and a second pole piece, and also includes an aerogel layer for isolating the first pole piece and the second pole piece. The gel layer is formed on the surface of the first pole piece and/or the surface of the second pole piece; the aerogel layer includes aerogel, the specific surface area of the aerogel is greater than 500m 2 /g, and the average pore size is 10nm-50nm.
可选地，第一极片包括第一表面和与第一表面相背的第二表面，气凝胶层形成于第一表面和第二表面；气凝胶层包括第一气凝胶层和第二气凝胶层，第一气凝胶层完全覆盖第一表面，第二气凝胶层完全覆盖第二表面。Optionally, the first pole piece includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and an aerogel layer is formed on the first surface and the second surface; the aerogel layer includes the first aerogel layer and The second aerogel layer, the first aerogel layer completely covers the first surface, and the second aerogel layer completely covers the second surface.
在一实施例中，第一表面和第二表面中的至少一个表面包括膜片区和空箔区，第一极片的集流体显露于空箔区，空箔区焊接有极耳，极耳覆盖有绝缘保护层，至少一个表面覆盖的气凝胶层覆盖膜片区、空箔区和绝缘保护层。In one embodiment, at least one of the first surface and the second surface includes a diaphragm area and an empty foil area, the current collector of the first pole piece is exposed in the empty foil area, the empty foil area is welded with a tab, and the tab is welded. Covered with an insulating protective layer, at least one surface-covered aerogel layer covers the membrane area, the empty foil area and the insulating protective layer.
在一实施例中，第一气凝胶层和/或第二气凝胶层具有空白区，第一 极片的集流体显露于空白区，空白区焊接有极耳，极耳覆盖有绝缘保护层。In one embodiment, the first aerogel layer and/or the second aerogel layer has a blank area, the current collector of the first pole piece is exposed in the blank area, the blank area is welded with a tab, and the tab is covered with insulating protection. layer.
在一实施例中，第一极片和第二极片均包括第一表面和与第一表面相背的第二表面，第一极片的第一表面和第二极片的第一表面朝向同一方向，气凝胶层分别形成于第一极片的第一表面和第二极片的第一表面；气凝胶层包括第一气凝胶层和第二气凝胶层，第一气凝胶层完全覆盖第一极片的第一表面，第二气凝胶层完全覆盖第二极片的第一表面。In one embodiment, the first pole piece and the second pole piece both include a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the first surface of the first pole piece and the first surface of the second pole piece are directed toward In the same direction, the aerogel layers are respectively formed on the first surface of the first pole piece and the first surface of the second pole piece; the aerogel layer includes a first aerogel layer and a second aerogel layer, and the first aerogel layer is The gel layer completely covers the first surface of the first pole piece, and the second aerogel layer completely covers the first surface of the second pole piece.
可选地，第一极片的第二表面包括第一膜片区和第一空箔区，第一极片的集流体显露于第一空箔区，第一空箔区焊接有第一极耳，第一极耳覆盖有第一绝缘保护层；第二极片的第二表面包括第二膜片区和第二空箔区，第二极片的集流体显露于第二空箔区，第二空箔区焊接有第二极耳，第二极耳覆盖有第二绝缘保护层。Optionally, the second surface of the first pole piece includes a first diaphragm area and a first empty foil area, the current collector of the first pole piece is exposed in the first empty foil area, and the first empty foil area is welded with the first pole. ear, the first pole ear is covered with a first insulating protective layer; the second surface of the second pole piece includes a second diaphragm area and a second empty foil area, and the current collector of the second pole piece is exposed in the second empty foil area, The second empty foil area is welded with a second tab, and the second tab is covered with a second insulating protective layer.
在一些实施例中，气凝胶层的厚度为3μm～20μm。In some embodiments, the thickness of the aerogel layer ranges from 3 μm to 20 μm.
在一些实施例中，气凝胶的孔洞率大于70％，气凝胶的变形恢复率大于50％。In some embodiments, the porosity of the aerogel is greater than 70%, and the deformation recovery rate of the aerogel is greater than 50%.
在一些实施例中，气凝胶的比表面积为500m 2/g～1500m 2/g，气凝胶层的厚度为10μm～20μm。 In some embodiments, the specific surface area of the aerogel is 500 m 2 /g to 1500 m 2 /g, and the thickness of the aerogel layer is 10 μm to 20 μm.
可选地，气凝胶包括聚硅氧烷类气凝胶、硅氧基金属氧化物气凝胶、二氧化硅气凝胶、三氧化二铝气凝胶、二氧化钛气凝胶中的一种或多种。Optionally, the aerogel includes one of polysiloxane-based aerogel, siloxy metal oxide aerogel, silica aerogel, aluminum oxide aerogel, and titanium dioxide aerogel or more.
第二方面，本申请还提供了一种锂电池，包括电池外壳和如上的电极组件。In a second aspect, the present application also provides a lithium battery, including a battery casing and the above electrode assembly.
第三方面，本申请还提供了一种电极组件的制造方法，包括以下步骤：In a third aspect, the present application also provides a method for manufacturing an electrode assembly, comprising the following steps:
S1、制备第一极片：提供第一集流体，在第一集流体的正反两面涂覆第一活性材料，形成第一膜片区；S1, prepare the first pole piece: provide a first current collector, and coat the first active material on the front and back sides of the first current collector to form a first diaphragm area;
S3、制备第二极片：提供第二集流体，在第二集流体的正反两面涂覆第二活性材料，形成第二膜片区；S3, prepare the second pole piece: provide a second current collector, and coat the second active material on the front and back sides of the second current collector to form a second diaphragm area;
S5、形成气凝胶层：在第一极片的表面和/或第二极片的表面涂覆包括气凝胶和粘结剂的混合胶液，以形成气凝胶层；S5, forming an aerogel layer: coating the surface of the first pole piece and/or the surface of the second pole piece with a mixed glue comprising aerogel and a binder to form an aerogel layer;
其中，气凝胶的比表面积大于500m 2/g，平均孔径为10nm～50nm。 Among them, the specific surface area of the aerogel is greater than 500 m 2 /g, and the average pore size is 10 nm to 50 nm.
在一实施例中，第一集流体的正反两面中的至少一面包括未涂覆第一活性材料形成的第一空箔区，第一集流体显露于第一空箔区；In one embodiment, at least one of the front and back sides of the first current collector includes a first empty foil area formed by not coating the first active material, and the first current collector is exposed in the first empty foil area;
制造方法还包括：The manufacturing method also includes:
S2、在第一空箔区焊接第一极耳，并在第一极耳上覆盖绝缘保护层；S2. Weld the first tab in the first empty foil area, and cover the first tab with an insulating protective layer;
步骤S5，具体包括：Step S5, specifically includes:
在第一极片的正反两表面完全涂覆混合胶液。The mixed glue is completely coated on the front and back surfaces of the first pole piece.
在一实施例中，步骤S1，具体包括：In one embodiment, step S1 specifically includes:
在第一集流体的正反两面完全涂覆第一活性材料；Completely coat the first active material on both sides of the first current collector;
步骤S5，具体包括：Step S5, specifically includes:
在第一极片的正反两面完全涂覆混合胶液；Completely coat the mixed glue on both sides of the first pole piece;
制造方法还包括：The manufacturing method also includes:
S6，在正反两面中的至少一面上形成的气凝胶层中清洗出空白区，以使第一集流体显露，在空白区焊接第一极耳，并覆盖第一绝缘保护层。S6, cleaning a blank area in the aerogel layer formed on at least one of the front and back sides to expose the first current collector, welding the first tab in the blank area, and covering the first insulating protective layer.
在一实施例中，步骤S1，具体包括：In one embodiment, step S1 specifically includes:
在第一集流体的一面完全涂覆第一活性材料，形成第一膜片区，在第一集流体的另一面部分涂覆第一活性材料，形成另一第一膜片区和第一空箔区；The first active material is completely coated on one side of the first current collector to form a first membrane area, and the other side of the first current collector is partially coated with the first active material to form another first membrane area and a first void foil area;
步骤S3，具体包括：Step S3 specifically includes:
在第二集流体的一面完全涂覆第二活性材料，形成第二膜片区，在第二集流体的另一面部分涂覆第二活性材料，形成另一第二膜片区和第二空箔区；The second active material is completely coated on one side of the second current collector to form a second membrane area, and the second active material is partially coated on the other side of the second current collector to form another second membrane area and a second void foil area;
步骤S5，具体包括：Step S5, specifically includes:
在第一极片完全涂覆第一活性材料的一面，以及，在第二极片完全涂覆第二活性材料的一面完全涂覆包括气凝胶和粘结剂的混合胶液。The side of the first pole piece that is completely coated with the first active material, and the side of the second pole piece that is completely coated with the second active material is completely coated with a mixed glue solution including aerogel and a binder.
在一些实施例中，气凝胶层的厚度为3μm～20μm。In some embodiments, the thickness of the aerogel layer ranges from 3 μm to 20 μm.
在一些实施例中，气凝胶的孔洞率大于70％，气凝胶的变形恢复率大于50％。In some embodiments, the porosity of the aerogel is greater than 70%, and the deformation recovery rate of the aerogel is greater than 50%.
在一些实施例中，气凝胶的比表面积为500m 2/g～1500m 2/g，气凝 胶层的厚度为10μm～20μm。 In some embodiments, the specific surface area of the aerogel is 500 m 2 /g to 1500 m 2 /g, and the thickness of the aerogel layer is 10 μm to 20 μm.
可选地，气凝胶和粘结剂的重量混合比例在85～95：100之间，气凝胶包括聚硅氧烷类气凝胶、硅氧基金属氧化物气凝胶、二氧化硅气凝胶、三氧化二铝气凝胶、二氧化钛气凝胶中的一种或多种。Optionally, the weight mixing ratio of the aerogel and the binder is between 85 and 95:100, and the aerogel includes polysiloxane aerogel, siloxy metal oxide aerogel, silicon dioxide One or more of aerogels, aluminum oxide aerogels, and titanium dioxide aerogels.
本申请实施例的电极组件包括第一极片和第二极片，还包括用于隔离第一极片和第二极片的气凝胶层，气凝胶层可使第一极片和第二极片之间电绝缘，以及使电解液中的离子自由通过，采用气凝胶层作为隔膜，能够提升电极组件的抗外力冲击能力，以及减轻电极组件的重量，提升储能元件的重量能量密度。The electrode assembly of the embodiment of the present application includes a first pole piece and a second pole piece, and further includes an aerogel layer for isolating the first pole piece and the second pole piece, and the aerogel layer can make the first pole piece and the second pole piece separate. The electrical insulation between the diodes and the free passage of ions in the electrolyte, the use of the aerogel layer as the separator can improve the resistance of the electrode assembly to external force impact, reduce the weight of the electrode assembly, and increase the weight and energy of the energy storage element density.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application more clearly, the following briefly introduces the drawings that need to be used in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种电极组件的结构示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图2是本申请实施例提供的在空箔区焊接极耳的示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of welding a tab in an empty foil area provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图3是本申请实施例提供的气凝胶层覆盖膜片区和空箔区的示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of an aerogel layer covering the membrane area and the empty foil area provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图4是本申请实施例提供的在空白区焊接极耳的示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of welding a tab in a blank area provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图5是本申请实施例提供的气凝胶层完全覆盖膜片区的示意图；5 is a schematic diagram of the aerogel layer completely covering the diaphragm area provided by the embodiment of the present application;
图6是本申请另一实施例提供的一种电极组件的结构示意图；6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode assembly provided by another embodiment of the present application;
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种电极组件的制造方法的流程图；7 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing an electrode assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图8是本申请另一实施例提供的一种电极组件的制造方法的流程图；8 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing an electrode assembly provided by another embodiment of the present application;
图9是本申请又一实施例提供的一种电极组件的制造方法的流程图。FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing an electrode assembly according to another embodiment of the present application.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了便于理解本申请，下面结合附图和具体实施例，对本申请进行更详细的说明。需要说明的是，当元件被表述“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上、或者其间可以存在一个或多个居中的元件。当一个元件被表述“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件、 或者其间可以存在一个或多个居中的元件。本说明书所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or one or more intervening elements may be present therebetween. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or one or more intervening elements may be present therebetween. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only.
除非另有定义，本说明书所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本说明书中在本申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是用于限制本申请。此外，下面所描述的本申请不同实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the technical field belonging to this application. The terms used in the specification of the present application in this specification are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only, and are not intended to limit the present application. In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as there is no conflict with each other.
本申请实施例提供一种电极组件，该电极组件可以应用于电容或者电池等储能元件，其包括第一极片、第二极片以及用于隔离第一极片和第二极片的气凝胶层，气凝胶层形成于第一极片的表面和/或第二极片的表面。The embodiment of the present application provides an electrode assembly, which can be applied to energy storage elements such as capacitors or batteries, and includes a first pole piece, a second pole piece, and a gas for isolating the first pole piece and the second pole piece The gel layer, the aerogel layer is formed on the surface of the first pole piece and/or the surface of the second pole piece.
其中，气凝胶层选用电子绝缘，且在电池电压范围内不发生化学反应的气凝胶材料或者其气凝胶前驱体制备，在第一极片和第二极片通过卷绕工艺或者叠片工艺组装后，通过气凝胶层的隔离能够保证第一极片和第二极片之间电绝缘；而且，由于其空间空隙结构，应用于电解电容或电池中还能使电解液中的离子在正负极之间自由通过。Among them, the aerogel layer is prepared by using an aerogel material that is electronically insulating and does not chemically react within the battery voltage range or its aerogel precursor. After the sheet process is assembled, the isolation between the first pole piece and the second pole piece can ensure electrical insulation between the first pole piece and the second pole piece; moreover, due to its space void structure, it can also be used in electrolytic capacitors or batteries. The ions pass freely between the positive and negative electrodes.
气凝胶作为一种具有纳米多孔结构的非晶态低密度材料，是目前已知的最轻固体之一，其中约95％的体积是空气，优异的热稳定性和机械性能以及超低导热性，可以承受1000度以上高温和上千兆帕的面压。然而，相关技术中大多将气凝胶应用在航空和服装领域，而本申请实施例则是将气凝胶应用于储能元件，通过采用气凝胶层隔离第一极片和第二极片，能够提升电极组件的抗外力冲击能力，以及减轻电极组件的重量，提升储能元件的重量能量密度；并且不需要使用隔膜以及采用隔膜长度和宽度方向大于极片的设计，减小了空间浪费，进一步提升了储能元件的重量能量密度。Aerogel, as an amorphous low-density material with a nanoporous structure, is one of the lightest known solids, of which about 95% of the volume is air, excellent thermal stability and mechanical properties and ultra-low thermal conductivity It can withstand high temperature above 1000 degrees and surface pressure of gigapascals. However, in the related art, most of the aerogels are applied in the fields of aviation and clothing, while in the embodiment of the present application, the aerogel is applied to the energy storage element, and the first pole piece and the second pole piece are separated by using an aerogel layer. , which can improve the impact resistance of the electrode assembly, reduce the weight of the electrode assembly, and improve the weight energy density of the energy storage element; and does not require the use of a diaphragm and the design of the length and width of the diaphragm is larger than that of the pole piece, reducing space waste. , which further improves the weight energy density of the energy storage element.
本申请实施例还提供一种锂电池，该锂电池包括如上所述的电极组件，将电极组件封装至包装壳中后，可按照常规工艺进行电解液灌注、电化学激活等处理，得到带电的锂电池。The embodiment of the present application also provides a lithium battery, the lithium battery includes the electrode assembly as described above, after the electrode assembly is packaged in a packaging case, electrolyte perfusion, electrochemical activation and other treatments can be performed according to conventional processes to obtain a charged lithium battery.
基于上述描述，下面结合附图对本申请实施例作进一步阐述。Based on the above description, the embodiments of the present application are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
实施例1Example 1
请参阅图1，图1为本申请实施例提供的一种电极组件的结构示意图，电极组件100包括第一极片110、第二极片120和气凝胶层130，气凝胶层130形成于第一极片110的表面。Please refer to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present application. The electrode assembly 100 includes a first pole piece 110, a second pole piece 120 and an aerogel layer 130. The aerogel layer 130 is formed on the The surface of the first pole piece 110 .
具体地，第一极片110包括第一表面和与第一表面相背的第二表面，气凝胶层130包括第一气凝胶层131和第二气凝胶层132，第一气凝胶层131形成于第一表面并完全覆盖第一表面，第二气凝胶层132形成于第二表面并完全覆盖第二表面，以防止第一极片110和第二极片120接触，从而保证了第一极片110和第二极片120之间的电绝缘。Specifically, the first pole piece 110 includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the aerogel layer 130 includes a first aerogel layer 131 and a second aerogel layer 132, and the first aerogel layer The adhesive layer 131 is formed on the first surface and completely covers the first surface, and the second aerogel layer 132 is formed on the second surface and completely covers the second surface to prevent the first pole piece 110 and the second pole piece 120 from contacting, thereby Electrical insulation between the first pole piece 110 and the second pole piece 120 is ensured.
通常极片包括集流体、在集流体两面涂覆活性材料形成的膜片区，以及与集流体连接的极耳，则在集流体表面需设置空箔区，即未涂覆活性材料形成的区域，以使集流体显露，可将极耳焊接在集流体上；极耳和集流体用于将活性材料产生的电流汇集起来以便形成较大的电流对外输出。Usually the pole piece includes a current collector, a membrane area formed by coating active material on both sides of the current collector, and a tab connected to the current collector, then an empty foil area needs to be set on the surface of the current collector, that is, the area formed by not coating the active material , so that the current collector is exposed, and the tabs can be welded on the current collector; the tabs and the current collector are used to collect the current generated by the active material so as to form a larger current for external output.
应理解，选用的集流体、极耳以及涂覆的活性材料均可以根据极片的极性而定。例如，当极片为正极片时，集流体选用铝箔，极耳选用铝带，涂覆的活性材料选用正极活性材料。It should be understood that the current collectors, the tabs and the coated active materials can be selected according to the polarity of the pole pieces. For example, when the pole piece is a positive pole piece, aluminum foil is used for the current collector, aluminum tape is used for the electrode tab, and a positive electrode active material is used for the coating active material.
在一实施方式中，如图2和图3所示，第一极片110的第一表面和第二表面中的至少一个表面包括膜片区111和空箔区112，第一极片110的集流体显露于空箔区112，空箔区112焊接有极耳113，该表面上覆盖的气凝胶层131或132覆盖膜片区111和空箔区112。根据本申请的另一个实施方式，极耳113的表面可以覆盖有绝缘保护层(图中未示出)，气凝胶层131可以覆盖该绝缘保护层。In one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , at least one of the first surface and the second surface of the first pole piece 110 includes a membrane area 111 and an empty foil area 112 , and the first pole piece 110 has a The current collector is exposed in the empty foil area 112 , the empty foil area 112 is welded with tabs 113 , and the aerogel layer 131 or 132 covered on the surface covers the diaphragm area 111 and the empty foil area 112 . According to another embodiment of the present application, the surface of the tab 113 may be covered with an insulating protective layer (not shown in the figure), and the aerogel layer 131 may cover the insulating protective layer.
实际应用中，若需在集流体的两面均连接极耳(如，采用复合集流体)，则可在第一极片110的第一表面和第二表面均设置膜片区111和空箔区112；若只需在集流体的一面连接极耳，则可在其第一表面和第二表面中的其中一个表面设置膜片区111和空箔区112；在另一表面完全涂覆活性材料形成膜片区，并使气凝胶层完全覆盖膜片区。In practical applications, if it is necessary to connect the tabs on both sides of the current collector (for example, a composite current collector is used), a diaphragm area 111 and an empty foil area can be provided on both the first surface and the second surface of the first pole piece 110 . 112; If it is only necessary to connect the tabs on one side of the current collector, the membrane area 111 and the empty foil area 112 can be set on one of the first surface and the second surface of the collector; the other surface is completely coated with active material The membrane area is formed and the aerogel layer completely covers the membrane area.
在另一实施方式中，如图4所示，第一气凝胶层131和第二气凝胶层132中的至少一层气凝胶层具有空白区114，第一极片110的集流体显露于空白区114，空白区焊接有极耳113，极耳113覆盖有绝缘保护层(图中未示出)。In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 , at least one aerogel layer in the first aerogel layer 131 and the second aerogel layer 132 has a blank area 114 , and the current collector of the first pole piece 110 Exposed in the blank area 114, the blank area is welded with tabs 113, and the tabs 113 are covered with an insulating protective layer (not shown in the figure).
具体实施时，如图5所示，可在集流体的正反两面形成完全覆盖的膜片区，得到第一极片110，然后使第一气凝胶层131完全覆盖第一表面的膜片区，以及使第二气凝胶层132完全覆盖第二表面的膜片区，后续可通过清洗等方式去除部分位于第一极片110的同一表面上的气凝胶层和膜片区，形成延伸至集流体表面的空白区114。During specific implementation, as shown in FIG. 5 , a fully covered membrane area can be formed on the front and back sides of the current collector to obtain the first pole piece 110 , and then the first aerogel layer 131 can completely cover the membrane on the first surface The second aerogel layer 132 completely covers the diaphragm area of the second surface, and then part of the aerogel layer and diaphragm area located on the same surface of the first pole piece 110 can be removed by cleaning or the like to form A blank area 114 that extends to the surface of the current collector.
同样地，若需在集流体的两面均连接极耳，则可在第一极片110的第一表面和第二表面形成第一气凝胶层131和第二气凝胶层132后，通过清洗等方式去除部分气凝胶层和膜片区，形成空白区114；若只需在集流体的一面连接极耳，则可在其第一表面和第二表面中的其中一个表面清洗出空白区114；在另一表面完全涂覆活性材料形成膜片区，并使气凝胶层完全覆盖膜片区。Similarly, if it is necessary to connect the tabs on both sides of the current collector, after forming the first aerogel layer 131 and the second aerogel layer 132 on the first surface and the second surface of the first pole piece 110, Remove part of the aerogel layer and diaphragm area by cleaning and other methods to form a blank area 114; if you only need to connect the tab on one side of the current collector, you can clean one of the first surface and the second surface. Region 114; the other surface is completely coated with active material to form a membrane region, and the aerogel layer completely covers the membrane region.
在上述实施方式中，气凝胶层包括气凝胶和粘结剂，气凝胶和粘结剂的重量混合比例在85～95：100之间，气凝胶可以包括聚硅氧烷类气凝胶、硅氧基金属氧化物气凝胶、二氧化硅气凝胶、三氧化二铝气凝胶、二氧化钛气凝胶中的一种或多种；此处的气凝胶可以是气凝胶材料，也可以是气凝胶前驱体。In the above embodiment, the aerogel layer includes aerogel and a binder, and the weight mixing ratio of the aerogel and the binder is between 85 and 95:100. The aerogel may include polysiloxane aerosols. One or more of gel, siloxy metal oxide aerogel, silica aerogel, aluminum oxide aerogel, titanium dioxide aerogel; the aerogel here can be aerogel The glue material can also be an aerogel precursor.
其中，气凝胶的比表面积大于500m 2/g，平均孔径为10nm～50nm，以保证制备得到的气凝胶层130的机械强度，以及能满足离子导通特性的需求；更进一步地，气凝胶的孔洞率大于70％，气凝胶的变形恢复率大于50％。 The specific surface area of the aerogel is greater than 500 m 2 /g, and the average pore diameter is 10 nm to 50 nm, so as to ensure the mechanical strength of the prepared aerogel layer 130 and meet the requirements of ion conduction characteristics; The porosity of the gel is greater than 70%, and the deformation recovery rate of the aerogel is greater than 50%.
可选地，气凝胶层的厚度为3μm～20μm，结合气凝胶层的厚度，进一步限定气凝胶的比表面积为500m 2/g～1500m 2/g。由于本实施例中的气凝胶层130完全替代了现有以聚乙烯、聚丙烯或者无纺布为主体制成的隔膜，在一些实施方式中，气凝胶层的厚度为10μm～20μm，即使采用相对较厚的气凝胶层，对其体积和重量能量密度的影响也可以忽略。 Optionally, the thickness of the aerogel layer is 3 μm˜20 μm, and the specific surface area of the aerogel is further limited to be 500 m 2 /g˜1500 m 2 /g in combination with the thickness of the aerogel layer. Since the aerogel layer 130 in this embodiment completely replaces the existing separator mainly made of polyethylene, polypropylene or non-woven fabric, in some embodiments, the thickness of the aerogel layer is 10 μm˜20 μm, Even with relatively thick aerogel layers, the effect on its volumetric and gravimetric energy density is negligible.
实施例2Example 2
请参阅图6，图6为本申请实施例提供的一种电极组件的结构示意图，电极组件200包括第一极片210、第二极片220和气凝胶层230，气凝胶层230形成于第一极片210的表面和第二极片220的表面。Please refer to FIG. 6. FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application. The electrode assembly 200 includes a first pole piece 210, a second pole piece 220 and an aerogel layer 230. The aerogel layer 230 is formed on the The surface of the first pole piece 210 and the surface of the second pole piece 220 .
具体地，第一极片210和第二极片220均包括第一表面和与第一表面相背的第二表面，第一极片210的第一表面和第二极片220的第一表面朝向同一方向。气凝胶层230包括第一气凝胶层231和第二气凝胶层232，第一气凝胶层231形成于第一极片210的第一表面并完全覆盖第一极片210的第一表面；第二气凝胶层232形成于第二极片220的第一表面并完全覆盖第二极片的第二表面。Specifically, the first pole piece 210 and the second pole piece 220 both include a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the first surface of the first pole piece 210 and the first surface of the second pole piece 220 facing the same direction. The aerogel layer 230 includes a first aerogel layer 231 and a second aerogel layer 232. The first aerogel layer 231 is formed on the first surface of the first pole piece 210 and completely covers the first surface of the first pole piece 210. a surface; the second aerogel layer 232 is formed on the first surface of the second pole piece 220 and completely covers the second surface of the second pole piece.
更具体地，第一极片210的第一表面包括完全覆盖在其第一表面上的第一膜片区，第一气凝胶层231完全覆盖第一膜片区；第二极片220的第一表面包括完全覆盖在其第一表面上的第二膜片区，第二气凝胶层232完全覆盖第二膜片区。More specifically, the first surface of the first pole piece 210 includes a first diaphragm area completely covering the first surface thereof, and the first aerogel layer 231 completely covers the first diaphragm area; The first surface includes a second membrane area completely covering the first surface thereof, and the second aerogel layer 232 completely covers the second membrane area.
而第一极片210的第二表面包括另一第一膜片区和第一空箔区，第一极片的集流体显露于第一空箔区，第一空箔区焊接有第一极耳，第一极耳覆盖有第一绝缘保护层；第二极片220的第二表面包括另一第二膜片区和第二空箔区，第二极片的集流体显露于第二空箔区，第二空箔区焊接有第二极耳，第二极耳覆盖有第二绝缘保护层。The second surface of the first pole piece 210 includes another first diaphragm area and a first empty foil area, the current collector of the first pole piece is exposed in the first empty foil area, and the first empty foil area is welded with the first pole The first tab is covered with a first insulating protective layer; the second surface of the second pole piece 220 includes another second diaphragm area and a second empty foil area, and the current collector of the second pole piece is exposed in the second hollow. The foil area, the second empty foil area is welded with a second tab, and the second tab is covered with a second insulating protective layer.
在一些实施方式中，若需要在第一极片210的集流体的两侧均连接极耳，则进一步地，可使第一极片210的第一表面上的第一气凝胶层231和第一膜片区部分去除，形成空白区，使第一极片210的集流体显露，并在空白区上再焊接另一第一极耳，以及在第一极耳上覆盖另一第一绝缘保护层。In some embodiments, if it is necessary to connect the tabs on both sides of the current collector of the first pole piece 210 , further, the first aerogel layer 231 on the first surface of the first pole piece 210 and the The first diaphragm area is partially removed to form a blank area, so that the current collector of the first pole piece 210 is exposed, and another first tab is welded on the blank area, and another first insulation is covered on the first tab. The protective layer.
同样地，若需要在第二极片220的集流体的两侧均连接极耳，则进一步地，可使第二极片220的第二表面上的第二气凝胶层231和第一膜片区部分去除，形成空白区，使第二极片220的集流体显露，并在空白区上再焊接另一第二极耳，以及在第二极耳上覆盖另一第二绝缘保护 层。Similarly, if it is necessary to connect the tabs on both sides of the current collector of the second pole piece 220, further, the second aerogel layer 231 and the first membrane on the second surface of the second pole piece 220 can be made The sheet area is partially removed to form a blank area, so that the current collector of the second pole piece 220 is exposed, and another second tab is welded on the blank area, and another second insulating protective layer is covered on the second tab.
本实施例中的气凝胶层的结构与实施例1中的气凝胶层的结构相同，未在本实施例中详尽描述的技术细节，可以参考实施例1，为避免冗余，在此不再赘述。The structure of the aerogel layer in this embodiment is the same as the structure of the aerogel layer in Embodiment 1. For technical details not described in detail in this embodiment, you can refer to Embodiment 1. To avoid redundancy, here No longer.
实施例3Example 3
请参阅图7，图7为本申请实施例提供的一种如上的电极组件的制造方法的流程图，制造方法包括以下步骤：Please refer to FIG. 7. FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing the above electrode assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application. The manufacturing method includes the following steps:
S1、制备第一极片：提供第一集流体，在第一集流体的正反两面涂覆第一活性材料，形成第一膜片区，正反两面中的至少一面包括未涂覆第一活性材料形成的第一空箔区；S1, prepare the first pole piece: provide a first current collector, coat the first active material on the front and back sides of the first current collector to form a first diaphragm area, and at least one of the front and back sides includes an uncoated first a first empty foil region formed by the active material;
S2、在第一空箔区焊接第一极耳，并在第一极耳上覆盖第一绝缘保护层；S2, welding the first tab in the first empty foil area, and covering the first insulating protective layer on the first tab;
S3、制备第二极片：提供第二集流体，在第二集流体的正反两面涂覆第二活性材料，形成第二膜片区，正反两面中的至少一面包括未涂覆第二活性材料形成的第二空箔区；S3, prepare the second pole piece: provide a second current collector, coat the second active material on the front and back sides of the second current collector to form a second diaphragm area, and at least one of the front and back sides includes an uncoated second a second empty foil region formed by the active material;
S4、在第二空箔区焊接第二极耳，并在第二极耳上覆盖第二绝缘保护层；S4, welding the second tab in the second empty foil area, and covering the second insulating protective layer on the second tab;
S5、形成气凝胶层：在第一极片的正反两面完全涂覆包括气凝胶和粘结剂的混合胶液，干燥后形成气凝胶层。S5, forming an aerogel layer: completely coat the front and back sides of the first pole piece with a mixed glue solution including aerogel and a binder, and dry to form an aerogel layer.
需要说明的是，本实施例中的“完全涂覆”指的是成型后的层结构完全覆盖被涂覆的基材表面。It should be noted that "complete coating" in this embodiment means that the formed layer structure completely covers the surface of the coated substrate.
还需要说明的是，上述步骤只是示意性地，并未明显的先后之分，例如，可以先执行S3，再执行S1，也可以先执行S5，再执行S3。It should also be noted that the above steps are only schematic, and there is no obvious sequence. For example, S3 may be performed first, and then S1 may be performed, or S5 may be performed first, and then S3 may be performed.
本实施例的制备方式可制备本申请实施例所提供的其中一种电极组件，未在本实施例中详尽描述的技术细节，可参见本发明实施例所提供的电极组件。The preparation method of this embodiment can prepare one of the electrode assemblies provided in the embodiments of the present application. For technical details not described in detail in this embodiment, please refer to the electrode assemblies provided in the embodiments of the present invention.
实施例4Example 4
请参阅图8，图8为本申请实施例提供的另一种电极组件的制造方 法的流程图，制造方法包括以下步骤：Please refer to Fig. 8, Fig. 8 is a flow chart of another method for manufacturing an electrode assembly provided by an embodiment of the application, and the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
S1、制备第一极片：提供第一集流体，在第一集流体的正反两面完全涂覆第一活性材料，形成第一膜片区；S1, prepare the first pole piece: provide a first current collector, and completely coat the first active material on the front and back sides of the first current collector to form a first diaphragm area;
S3、制备第二极片：提供第二集流体，在第二集流体的正反两面涂覆第二活性材料，形成第二膜片区，正反两面中的至少一面包括未涂覆第二活性材料形成的第二空箔区；S3, prepare the second pole piece: provide a second current collector, coat the second active material on the front and back sides of the second current collector to form a second diaphragm area, and at least one of the front and back sides includes an uncoated second a second empty foil region formed by the active material;
S4、在第二空箔区焊接第二极耳，并在第二极耳上覆盖第二绝缘保护层；S4, welding the second tab in the second empty foil area, and covering the second insulating protective layer on the second tab;
S5、形成气凝胶层：在第一极片的正反两面完全涂覆包括气凝胶和粘结剂的混合胶液，干燥后形成气凝胶层。S5, forming an aerogel layer: completely coat the front and back sides of the first pole piece with a mixed glue solution including aerogel and a binder, and dry to form an aerogel layer.
S6、在正反两面中的至少一面上形成的气凝胶层中清洗出空白区，以使第一集流体显露，在空白区焊接第一极耳，并覆盖第一绝缘保护层。S6, cleaning a blank area in the aerogel layer formed on at least one of the front and back sides to expose the first current collector, welding the first tab in the blank area, and covering the first insulating protective layer.
同样地，本实施例中的“完全涂覆”指的是成型后的层结构完全覆盖被涂覆的基材表面；上述步骤只是示意性地，并未明显的先后之分。Likewise, "complete coating" in this embodiment means that the formed layer structure completely covers the surface of the coated substrate; the above steps are only schematic, and there is no obvious order of precedence.
本实施例的制备方式可制备本申请实施例所提供的其中一种电极组件，未在本实施例中详尽描述的技术细节，可参见本发明实施例所提供的电极组件。The preparation method of this embodiment can prepare one of the electrode assemblies provided in the embodiments of the present application. For technical details not described in detail in this embodiment, please refer to the electrode assemblies provided in the embodiments of the present invention.
实施例5Example 5
请参阅图9，图9为本申请实施例提供的又一种电极组件的制造方法的流程图，制造方法包括以下步骤：Please refer to FIG. 9. FIG. 9 is a flowchart of another method for manufacturing an electrode assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application. The manufacturing method includes the following steps:
S1、制备第一极片：提供第一集流体，在第一集流体的一面完全涂覆第一活性材料，形成第一膜片区，在第一集流体的另一面部分涂覆第一活性材料，形成另一第一膜片区和第一空箔区；S1, prepare the first pole piece: provide a first current collector, completely coat the first active material on one side of the first current collector, form a first diaphragm area, and partially coat the first active material on the other side of the first current collector material to form another first diaphragm area and a first empty foil area;
S2、在第一空箔区焊接第一极耳，并在第一极耳上覆盖第一绝缘保护层；S2, welding the first tab in the first empty foil area, and covering the first insulating protective layer on the first tab;
S3、制备第二极片：提供第二集流体，在第二集流体的一面完全涂覆第二活性材料，形成第二膜片区，在第二集流体的另一面部分涂覆第二活性材料，形成另一第二膜片区和第二空箔区；S3, prepare the second pole piece: provide a second current collector, completely coat the second active material on one side of the second current collector to form a second diaphragm area, and partially coat the second active material on the other side of the second current collector material to form another second membrane area and a second empty foil area;
S4、在第二空箔区焊接第二极耳，并在第二极耳上覆盖第二绝缘保护层；S4, welding the second tab in the second empty foil area, and covering the second insulating protective layer on the second tab;
S5、形成气凝胶层：在第一极片完全涂覆第一活性材料的一面，以及，在第二极片完全涂覆第二活性材料的一面完全涂覆包括气凝胶和粘结剂的混合胶液，干燥后形成气凝胶层。S5, forming an aerogel layer: on the side of the first pole piece that is completely coated with the first active material, and on the side of the second pole piece that is completely coated with the second active material, including aerogel and a binder The mixed glue solution forms an aerogel layer after drying.
同样地，本实施例中的“完全涂覆”指的是成型后的层结构完全覆盖被涂覆的基材表面；上述步骤只是示意性地，并未明显的先后之分。Likewise, "complete coating" in this embodiment means that the formed layer structure completely covers the surface of the coated substrate; the above steps are only schematic, and there is no obvious order of precedence.
本实施例的制备方式可制备本申请实施例所提供的其中一种电极组件，未在本实施例中详尽描述的技术细节，可参见本发明实施例所提供的电极组件。The preparation method of this embodiment can prepare one of the electrode assemblies provided in the embodiments of the present application. For technical details not described in detail in this embodiment, please refer to the electrode assemblies provided in the embodiments of the present invention.
需要说明的是，本申请的说明书及其附图中给出了本申请的较佳的实施例，但是，本申请可以通过许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本说明书所描述的实施例，这些实施例不作为对本申请内容的额外限制，提供这些实施例的目的是使对本申请的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。并且，上述各技术特征继续相互组合，形成未在上面列举的各种实施例，均视为本申请说明书记载的范围；进一步地，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换，而所有这些改进和变换都应属于本申请所附权利要求的保护范围。It should be noted that preferred embodiments of the present application are given in the description of the present application and the accompanying drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms, and is not limited to the embodiments described in the present specification. These embodiments are not intended as additional limitations to the content of the present application, and are provided for the purpose of making the understanding of the disclosure of the present application more thorough and complete. In addition, the above technical features continue to be combined with each other to form various embodiments not listed above, which are all regarded as the scope of the description of the present application; further, for those of ordinary skill in the art, they can be improved or transformed according to the above description. , and all these improvements and transformations should belong to the protection scope of the appended claims of this application.

Claims (15)

  1. 一种电极组件，包括第一极片和第二极片，其中，所述电极组件还包括用于隔离所述第一极片和所述第二极片的气凝胶层，所述气凝胶层形成于所述第一极片的表面和/或所述第二极片的表面；An electrode assembly, comprising a first pole piece and a second pole piece, wherein the electrode assembly further comprises an aerogel layer for isolating the first pole piece and the second pole piece, the aerogel layer The adhesive layer is formed on the surface of the first pole piece and/or the surface of the second pole piece;
    所述气凝胶层包括气凝胶，所述气凝胶的比表面积大于500m 2/g，平均孔径为10nm～50nm。 The aerogel layer includes aerogel, the specific surface area of the aerogel is greater than 500 m 2 /g, and the average pore diameter is 10 nm˜50 nm.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电极组件，其中，The electrode assembly of claim 1, wherein,
    所述第一极片包括第一表面和与所述第一表面相背的第二表面，所述气凝胶层形成于所述第一表面和所述第二表面；The first pole piece includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the aerogel layer is formed on the first surface and the second surface;
    所述气凝胶层包括第一气凝胶层和第二气凝胶层，所述第一气凝胶层完全覆盖所述第一表面，所述第二气凝胶层完全覆盖所述第二表面。The aerogel layer includes a first aerogel layer and a second aerogel layer, the first aerogel layer completely covers the first surface, and the second aerogel layer completely covers the first aerogel layer. Second surface.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电极组件，其中，The electrode assembly of claim 2, wherein,
    所述第一表面和所述第二表面中的至少一个表面包括膜片区和空箔区，所述第一极片的集流体显露于所述空箔区，所述空箔区焊接有极耳，所述极耳覆盖有绝缘保护层，所述至少一个表面覆盖的所述气凝胶层覆盖所述膜片区、所述空箔区和所述绝缘保护层。At least one of the first surface and the second surface includes a diaphragm area and an empty foil area, the current collector of the first pole piece is exposed in the empty foil area, and the empty foil area is welded with a pole. ear, the tab is covered with an insulating protective layer, and the aerogel layer covered on the at least one surface covers the diaphragm area, the empty foil area and the insulating protective layer.
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电极组件，其中，The electrode assembly of claim 2, wherein,
    所述第一气凝胶层和/或所述第二气凝胶层具有空白区，所述第一极片的集流体显露于所述空白区，所述空白区焊接有极耳，所述极耳覆盖有绝缘保护层。The first aerogel layer and/or the second aerogel layer has a blank area, the current collector of the first pole piece is exposed in the blank area, and the blank area is welded with a tab, the The tabs are covered with an insulating protective layer.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电极组件，其中，The electrode assembly of claim 1, wherein,
    所述第一极片和所述第二极片均包括第一表面和与所述第一表面相背的第二表面，所述第一极片的第一表面和所述第二极片的第一表面朝向同一方向，所述气凝胶层分别形成于所述第一极片的第一表面和所 述第二极片的第一表面；The first pole piece and the second pole piece both include a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the first surface of the first pole piece and the second pole piece are The first surfaces face the same direction, and the aerogel layers are respectively formed on the first surface of the first pole piece and the first surface of the second pole piece;
    所述气凝胶层包括第一气凝胶层和第二气凝胶层，所述第一气凝胶层完全覆盖所述第一极片的第一表面，所述第二气凝胶层完全覆盖所述第二极片的第一表面。The aerogel layer includes a first aerogel layer and a second aerogel layer, the first aerogel layer completely covers the first surface of the first pole piece, and the second aerogel layer completely cover the first surface of the second pole piece.
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电极组件，其中，The electrode assembly of claim 5, wherein,
    所述第一极片的第二表面包括第一膜片区和第一空箔区，所述第一极片的集流体显露于所述第一空箔区，所述第一空箔区焊接有第一极耳，所述第一极耳覆盖有第一绝缘保护层；The second surface of the first pole piece includes a first diaphragm area and a first empty foil area, the current collector of the first pole piece is exposed in the first empty foil area, and the first empty foil area is welded There are first tabs, and the first tabs are covered with a first insulating protective layer;
    所述第二极片的第二表面包括第二膜片区和第二空箔区，所述第二极片的集流体显露于所述第二空箔区，所述第二空箔区焊接有第二极耳，所述第二极耳覆盖有第二绝缘保护层。The second surface of the second pole piece includes a second diaphragm area and a second empty foil area, the current collector of the second pole piece is exposed in the second empty foil area, and the second empty foil area is welded There is a second tab, and the second tab is covered with a second insulating protective layer.
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的电极组件，其中，The electrode assembly according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein,
    所述气凝胶层的厚度为3μm～20μm。The thickness of the aerogel layer is 3 μm˜20 μm.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电极组件，其中，The electrode assembly of claim 7, wherein,
    所述气凝胶的孔洞率大于70％，所述气凝胶的变形恢复率大于50％。The porosity of the aerogel is greater than 70%, and the deformation recovery rate of the aerogel is greater than 50%.
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电极组件，其中，The electrode assembly of claim 8, wherein,
    所述气凝胶的比表面积为500m 2/g～1500m 2/g，所述气凝胶层的厚度为10μm～20μm。 The specific surface area of the aerogel is 500 m 2 /g to 1500 m 2 /g, and the thickness of the aerogel layer is 10 μm to 20 μm.
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的电极组件，其中，The electrode assembly according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein,
    所述气凝胶包括聚硅氧烷类气凝胶、硅氧基金属氧化物气凝胶、二氧化硅气凝胶、三氧化二铝气凝胶、二氧化钛气凝胶中的一种或多种。The aerogel includes one or more of polysiloxane aerogel, siloxy metal oxide aerogel, silica aerogel, aluminum oxide aerogel, and titanium dioxide aerogel. kind.
  11. 一种锂电池，其中，所述锂电池包括电池外壳和如权利要求1-10任一项所述的电极组件。A lithium battery, wherein the lithium battery comprises a battery case and the electrode assembly according to any one of claims 1-10.
  12. 一种电极组件的制造方法，其中，所述制造方法包括以下步骤：A manufacturing method of an electrode assembly, wherein the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
    S1、制备第一极片：提供第一集流体，在所述第一集流体的正反两面涂覆第一活性材料，形成第一膜片区；S1, prepare the first pole piece: provide a first current collector, and coat the first active material on the front and back sides of the first current collector to form a first diaphragm area;
    S3、制备第二极片：提供第二集流体，在所述第二集流体的正反两面涂覆第二活性材料，形成第二膜片区；S3, preparing the second pole piece: providing a second current collector, and coating the second active material on the front and back sides of the second current collector to form a second diaphragm area;
    S5、形成气凝胶层：在所述第一极片的表面和/或所述第二极片的表面涂覆包括气凝胶和粘结剂的混合胶液，以形成所述气凝胶层；S5. Forming an aerogel layer: coating the surface of the first pole piece and/or the surface of the second pole piece with a mixed glue solution including aerogel and a binder to form the aerogel layer;
    其中，所述气凝胶的比表面积大于500m 2/g，平均孔径为10nm～50nm。 Wherein, the specific surface area of the aerogel is greater than 500 m 2 /g, and the average pore diameter is 10 nm˜50 nm.
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的制造方法，其中，所述第一集流体的正反两面中的至少一面包括未涂覆所述第一活性材料形成的第一空箔区，所述第一集流体显露于所述第一空箔区；The manufacturing method according to claim 12, wherein at least one of the front and back sides of the first current collector includes a first empty foil area formed by not coating the first active material, the first current collector exposed on the first empty foil area;
    所述制造方法还包括：The manufacturing method also includes:
    S2、在所述第一空箔区焊接第一极耳，并在所述第一极耳上覆盖绝缘保护层；S2, welding a first tab in the first empty foil area, and covering the first tab with an insulating protective layer;
    所述步骤S5，具体包括：The step S5 specifically includes:
    在所述第一极片的正反两表面完全涂覆所述混合胶液。The mixed glue is completely coated on the front and back surfaces of the first pole piece.
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的制造方法，其中，The manufacturing method according to claim 12, wherein,
    所述步骤S1，具体包括：The step S1 specifically includes:
    在所述第一集流体的正反两面完全涂覆所述第一活性材料；Completely coat the first active material on both sides of the first current collector;
    所述步骤S5，具体包括：The step S5 specifically includes:
    在所述第一极片的正反两面完全涂覆所述混合胶液；Completely coat the mixed glue on both sides of the first pole piece;
    所述制造方法还包括：The manufacturing method also includes:
    S6，在所述正反两面中的至少一面上形成的气凝胶层中清洗出空白区，以使所述第一集流体显露，在所述空白区焊接第一极耳，并覆盖第一绝缘保护层。S6, cleaning a blank area in the aerogel layer formed on at least one of the front and back sides to expose the first current collector, welding a first tab in the blank area, and covering the first insulating protective layer.
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的制造方法，其中，The manufacturing method according to claim 12, wherein,
    所述步骤S1，具体包括：The step S1 specifically includes:
    在所述第一集流体的一面完全涂覆所述第一活性材料，形成第一膜片区，在所述第一集流体的另一面部分涂覆所述第一活性材料，形成另一第一膜片区和第一空箔区；The first active material is completely coated on one side of the first current collector to form a first membrane area, and the first active material is partially coated on the other side of the first current collector to form another a diaphragm area and a first empty foil area;
    所述步骤S3，具体包括：The step S3 specifically includes:
    在所述第二集流体的一面完全涂覆所述第二活性材料，形成第二膜片区，在所述第二集流体的另一面部分涂覆所述第二活性材料，形成另一第二膜片区和第二空箔区；The second active material is completely coated on one side of the second current collector to form a second membrane area, and the second active material is partially coated on the other side of the second current collector to form another Two diaphragm areas and a second empty foil area;
    所述步骤S5，具体包括：The step S5 specifically includes:
    在所述第一极片完全涂覆所述第一活性材料的一面，以及，在所述第二极片完全涂覆所述第二活性材料的一面完全涂覆包括所述气凝胶和所述粘结剂的所述混合胶液。On the side of the first pole piece completely coated with the first active material, and on the side of the second pole piece completely coated with the second active material the mixed glue of the binder.
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