WO2022067485A1

WO2022067485A1 - Battery charging method and device, and storage medium

Info

Publication number: WO2022067485A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/118762
Authority: WO
Inventors: 史东洋; 刘斯通; 金海族; 李白清
Original assignee: 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date: 2020-09-29
Filing date: 2020-09-29
Publication date: 2022-04-07
Also published as: CN116018707A; EP4020662A4; EP4020662A1; US20220221519A1

Abstract

A battery charging method and device, and a storage medium, suitable for lithium ion batteries having an N/P range of 0.5 to 1.1. The method comprises: a power management system obtaining the SOH loss of a lithium ion battery, and determining a charge cut-off voltage of next charge according to the SOH loss, an initial charge cut-off voltage of the lithium ion battery and a voltage correction coefficient, wherein the initial charge cut-off voltage is determined according to N/P, and the charge cut-off voltage increases with the increase in the number of charges. Because the N/P range is 0.5 to 1.1, the consumption of a negative electrode is reduced, and thus cost is reduced; and the charge cut-off voltage of the next charge is increased according to a SOH loss, and thus lithium precipitation will not occur on the lithium ion battery, thereby reducing the N/P and ensuring the service life of the lithium ion battery.

Description

电池充电方法、装置及存储介质Battery charging method, device and storage medium

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及锂离子电池技术，尤其涉及一种电池充电方法、装置及存储介质。The present invention relates to lithium ion battery technology, in particular to a battery charging method, device and storage medium.

背景技术Background technique

随着锂离子电池技术的不断发展，锂离子电池在新能源汽车、通信等方面的应用日益普遍。终端市场对锂离子电池的高能量密度、长寿命、低成本等的追求是不变趋势。在实际情况中，技术人员希望提高放电截止电压，让电池释放更多的电量，实现电池高能量密度的性能表现。高放电截止电压的条件往往会带来电池内部非预期的副反应，影响电池寿命。因此，现有技术条件下，高能量密度与超长寿命的需求、低成本往往难以兼顾。With the continuous development of lithium-ion battery technology, the application of lithium-ion batteries in new energy vehicles and communications is becoming more and more common. The pursuit of high energy density, long life and low cost of lithium-ion batteries in the end market is a constant trend. In practical situations, technicians hope to increase the discharge cut-off voltage, so that the battery can release more power and achieve the performance of the battery with high energy density. The condition of high discharge cut-off voltage often brings unexpected side reactions inside the battery and affects the battery life. Therefore, under the existing technical conditions, it is often difficult to balance the requirements of high energy density, ultra-long life, and low cost.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明提供一种电池充电方法、装置及存储介质，以在降低N/P的同时，保证锂离子电池的使用寿命。The present invention provides a battery charging method, device and storage medium, so as to ensure the service life of the lithium ion battery while reducing N/P.

为了达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案如下：In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

1)电池管理***(Battery Management System，简称：BMS)获取锂离子电池的基于设计N/P值确定的初始充电截止电压，在该初始充电截止电压下，锂离子电池的负极会达到最大的嵌锂能力且不发生析锂；1) The battery management system (Battery Management System, referred to as: BMS) obtains the initial charge cut-off voltage determined based on the design N/P value of the lithium-ion battery. At this initial charge cut-off voltage, the negative electrode of the lithium-ion battery will reach the maximum embedded Lithium capacity without lithium precipitation;

2)BMS在电池使用过程中监控锂离子电池的健康状态(State of Heath，简称：SOH)，确定锂离子电池的SOH损失；2) The BMS monitors the state of health (State of Heath, SOH) of the lithium-ion battery during battery use, and determines the SOH loss of the lithium-ion battery;

3)BMS根据SOH损失提高下一次充电的充电截止电压，使正极在下次充电过程中脱出更多的锂来弥补循环过程中活性锂的损失(即SOH损失)，由于负极材质基本无损失，始终维持负极的最大嵌锂量，保证容量的不衰减，实现锂离子电池的长寿命。具体地：3) BMS increases the charge cut-off voltage of the next charge according to the SOH loss, so that the positive electrode can release more lithium during the next charge process to make up for the loss of active lithium (ie SOH loss) during the cycle process. Since the negative electrode material has basically no loss, always Maintain the maximum lithium intercalation amount of the negative electrode, ensure that the capacity does not decay, and achieve a long life of the lithium ion battery. specifically:

第一方面，本发明提供一种电池充电方法，适用于N/P范围为0.5～1.1的锂离子电池。该方法包括：电源管理***获取锂离子电池的SOH损失；电源管理***根据SOH损失、锂离子电池的初始充电截止电压和电压校正系数，确定下一次充电的充电截止电压。其中，初始充电截止电压是根据N/P确定的，充电截止电压随充电次数的增多而提高。In a first aspect, the present invention provides a battery charging method, which is suitable for a lithium-ion battery with an N/P range of 0.5-1.1. The method includes: the power management system obtains the SOH loss of the lithium ion battery; the power management system determines the charge cutoff voltage of the next charging according to the SOH loss, the initial charge cutoff voltage and the voltage correction coefficient of the lithium ion battery. Among them, the initial charge cut-off voltage is determined according to N/P, and the charge cut-off voltage increases with the increase of charging times.

一种可能的实施方式中，上述电源管理***根据SOH损失、锂离子电池的初始充电截止电压和电压校正系数，确定下一次充电的充电截止电压，包括：In a possible implementation manner, the above-mentioned power management system determines the charging cut-off voltage of the next charging according to the SOH loss, the initial charging cut-off voltage and the voltage correction coefficient of the lithium-ion battery, including:

电源管理***根据以下公式，确定下一次充电的充电截止电压：The power management system determines the charge cut-off voltage for the next charge according to the following formula:

U＝U ₀+ε×△SOH U=U ₀ +ε×△SOH

其中，U表示下一次充电的充电截止电压，U ₀表示初始充电截止电压，△SOH表示SOH损失，ε表示电压校正系数。 Among them, U represents the charge cut-off voltage of the next charge, U ₀ represents the initial charge cut-off voltage, △SOH represents the SOH loss, and ε represents the voltage correction coefficient.

一种可能的实施方式中，在电源管理***根据SOH损失、锂离子电池的初始充电截止电压和电压校正系数，确定下一次充电的充电截止电压之前，该电池充电方法还可以包括以下至少一项：In a possible implementation manner, before the power management system determines the charge cut-off voltage for the next charging according to the SOH loss, the initial charge cut-off voltage and the voltage correction coefficient of the lithium-ion battery, the battery charging method may further include at least one of the following: :

电源管理***获取初始充电截止电压，该初始充电截止电压是根据锂离子电池正极材料单位质量的最大充电容量、正极材料的电压容量微分曲线、安全冗余系数、锂离子电池使用的下限截止电压和N/P确定的；The power management system obtains the initial charge cutoff voltage, which is based on the maximum charge capacity per unit mass of the positive electrode material of the lithium ion battery, the voltage capacity differential curve of the positive electrode material, the safety redundancy factor, the lower limit cutoff voltage used by the lithium ion battery, and N/P determined;

电源管理***电压校正系数，电压校正系数是根据锂离子电池正极材料单位质量的最大充电容量、正极材料的电压容量微分曲线、电压补偿系数和锂离子电池的首次库伦效率确定的。The voltage correction coefficient of the power management system is determined according to the maximum charging capacity per unit mass of the cathode material of the lithium ion battery, the voltage capacity differential curve of the cathode material, the voltage compensation coefficient and the first Coulomb efficiency of the lithium ion battery.

一种可能的实施方式中，初始充电截止电压是根据以下公式确定的：In a possible implementation, the initial charge cut-off voltage is determined according to the following formula:

其中，U ₀表示初始充电截止电压，C ₀表示锂离子电池正极材料单位质量的最大充电容量，

表示正极材料的电压容量微分曲线，a表示安全冗余系数，U _low表示锂离子电池使用的下限截止电压。 Among them, U ₀ represents the initial charge cut-off voltage, C ₀ represents the maximum charging capacity per unit mass of the positive electrode material of the lithium-ion battery,

Represents the voltage-capacity differential curve of the positive electrode material, a represents the safety redundancy coefficient, and U _low represents the lower limit cut-off voltage of the lithium-ion battery.

一种可能的实施方式中，电压校正系数是根据以下公式确定的：In a possible implementation, the voltage correction coefficient is determined according to the following formula:

其中，ε表示电压校正系数，C ₀表示锂离子电池正极材料单位质量的最大充电容量，

表示正极材料的电压容量微分曲线，b表示电压补偿系数，ICE表示锂离子电池的首次库伦效率。 Among them, ε represents the voltage correction coefficient, C ₀ represents the maximum charging capacity per unit mass of the positive electrode material of the lithium ion battery,

represents the voltage-capacity differential curve of the cathode material, b represents the voltage compensation coefficient, and ICE represents the first coulombic efficiency of the lithium-ion battery.

第二方面，本发明提供一种电池充电装置，适用于N/P范围为0.5～1.1的锂离子电池。该电池充电装置包括：In a second aspect, the present invention provides a battery charging device, which is suitable for lithium-ion batteries with an N/P range of 0.5-1.1. The battery charging device includes:

获取模块，用于获取锂离子电池的SOH损失；The acquisition module is used to acquire the SOH loss of the lithium-ion battery;

处理模块，用于根据SOH损失、锂离子电池的初始充电截止电压和电压校正系数，确定下一次充电的充电截止电压，其中，初始充电截止电压是根据N/P确定的，充电截止电压随充电次数的增多而提高。The processing module is used to determine the charging cut-off voltage of the next charging according to the SOH loss, the initial charging cut-off voltage and the voltage correction coefficient of the lithium-ion battery, wherein the initial charging cut-off voltage is determined according to N/P, and the charging cut-off voltage varies with the charging increased with increasing frequency.

一种可能的实施方式中，处理模块具体用于：In a possible implementation, the processing module is specifically used for:

根据以下公式，确定下一次充电的充电截止电压：Determine the charge cut-off voltage for the next charge according to the following formula:

U＝U ₀+ε×△SOH U=U ₀ +ε×△SOH

其中，U表示下一次充电的充电截止电压，U ₀表示初始充电截止电压，△SOH表示SOH损失，ε表示电压校正系数。 Among them, U represents the charge cut-off voltage of the next charge, U ₀ represents the initial charge cut-off voltage, ΔSOH represents the SOH loss, and ε represents the voltage correction coefficient.

一种可能的实施方式中，处理模块还用于：In a possible implementation, the processing module is also used for:

在根据SOH损失、锂离子电池的初始充电截止电压和电压校正系数，确定下一次充电的充电截止电压之前，获取初始充电截止电压，该初始充电截止电压是根据锂离子电池正极材料单位质量的最大充电容量、正极材料的电压容量微分曲线、安全冗余系数、锂离子电池使用的下限截止电压和N/P确定的；Before determining the charging cut-off voltage of the next charging according to the SOH loss, the initial charging cut-off voltage and the voltage correction coefficient of the lithium-ion battery, the initial charging cut-off voltage is obtained, and the initial charging cut-off voltage is based on the maximum unit mass of the positive electrode material of the lithium-ion battery. Determined by charging capacity, voltage-capacity differential curve of positive electrode material, safety redundancy factor, lower limit cut-off voltage and N/P of lithium-ion battery;

和/或，在根据SOH损失、锂离子电池的初始充电截止电压和电压校正系数，确定下一次充电的充电截止电压之前，获取电压校正系数，电压校正系数是根据锂离子电池正极材料单位质量的最大充电容量、正极材料的电压容量微分曲线、电压补偿系数和锂离子电池的首次库伦效率确定的。And/or, before determining the charging cut-off voltage of the next charge according to the SOH loss, the initial charge cut-off voltage and the voltage correction coefficient of the lithium-ion battery, the voltage correction coefficient is obtained, and the voltage correction coefficient is based on the unit mass of the positive electrode material of the lithium-ion battery. The maximum charging capacity, the voltage-capacity differential curve of the cathode material, the voltage compensation coefficient and the first coulombic efficiency of the lithium-ion battery were determined.

其中，ε表示电压校正系数，C ₀表示锂离子电池正极材料单位质量的最大充电容量、

表示正极材料的电压容量微分曲线、b表示电压补偿系数，ICE表示锂离子电池的首次库伦效率。 Among them, ε represents the voltage correction coefficient, C ₀ represents the maximum charging capacity per unit mass of the positive electrode material of the lithium ion battery,

represents the voltage-capacity differential curve of the positive electrode material, b represents the voltage compensation coefficient, and ICE represents the first coulombic efficiency of the lithium-ion battery.

在上述任一可能的实施方式的基础上：On the basis of any of the above possible implementations:

可选地，N/P范围为0.8～1.0。Optionally, N/P ranges from 0.8 to 1.0.

可选地，安全冗余系数大于或等于1，且，安全冗余系数小于或等于1.3。Optionally, the safety redundancy factor is greater than or equal to 1, and the safety redundancy factor is less than or equal to 1.3.

可选地，安全冗余系数大于或等于1.03，且，安全冗余系数小于或等于1.08。Optionally, the safety redundancy factor is greater than or equal to 1.03, and the safety redundancy factor is less than or equal to 1.08.

可选地，电压补偿系数大于0，且，电压补偿系数小于或等于1。Optionally, the voltage compensation coefficient is greater than 0, and the voltage compensation coefficient is less than or equal to 1.

第三方面，本发明提供一种电源管理***，该电源管理***用于执行如第一方面中任一项所述的方法。In a third aspect, the present invention provides a power management system for executing the method according to any one of the first aspects.

第四方面，本发明提供一种电子设备，包括：存储器和处理器；In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory and a processor;

存储器用于存储程序指令；memory is used to store program instructions;

处理器用于调用所述存储器中的程序指令以执行如第一方面中任一项所述的方法。A processor is configured to invoke program instructions in the memory to perform the method of any one of the first aspects.

第五方面，本发明提供一种可读存储介质，该可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序；计算机程序被执行时，实现如第一方面中任一项所述的方法。In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored; when the computer program is executed, the method according to any one of the first aspects is implemented.

本发明的其它特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the detailed description that follows.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

图1为本发明提供的一应用场景示例图；1 is an example diagram of an application scenario provided by the present invention;

图2为本发明一实施例提供的电池充电方法的流程图；FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a battery charging method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图3为本发明一实施例电压容量微分曲线图；FIG. 3 is a voltage-capacitance differential curve diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图4为本发明一实施例电压容量曲线图；FIG. 4 is a voltage-capacity curve diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图5为本发明一实施例电压校正系数随充电截止电压变化的关系示意图；FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the voltage correction coefficient and the charge cut-off voltage according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图6为本发明一实施例提供的电池充电装置的结构示意图；FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery charging device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图7为本发明一实施例提供的电子设备的结构示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

在实际情况中，技术人员希望提高充电截止电压，让电池释放更多的电量，实现电池高能量密度的性能表现。高充电截止电压的条件往往会带来电池内部非预期的副反应，影响电池寿命。因此，现有技术条件下，高能量密度与长寿命的需求往往难以兼顾。In practical situations, technicians hope to increase the charge cut-off voltage so that the battery can release more power and achieve the performance of the battery with high energy density. The condition of high charge cut-off voltage often brings unexpected side reactions inside the battery and affects the battery life. Therefore, under the existing technical conditions, it is often difficult to balance the requirements of high energy density and long life.

此外，目前市场上电池为了保证负极不发生析锂，电池设计通常负极过量，即N/P＞1(N/P为单位面积负极容量与单位面积正极容量的比值)，一般在1.03～1.15之间。In addition, in order to ensure that the negative electrode does not precipitate lithium, the battery design usually has an excess negative electrode, that is, N/P>1 (N/P is the ratio of the negative electrode capacity per unit area to the positive electrode capacity per unit area), which is generally between 1.03 and 1.15. between.

研究表明，一般锂离子电池在正常使用工况下，最终失效模式是活性锂发生的一系列副反应、以及阴极材料局部晶体结构改变导致的容量损失，而阳极活性材料石墨的电化学活性基本不变，即阳极始终保持良好的脱嵌锂能力。电池循环后期阳极储锂能力往往过剩，从而不能得以有效利用。因此，为了提升锂离子电池的能量密度，会减少阳极的涂布重量，即降低N/P，N/P＝单位面积负极容量/单位面积正极容量，通过减少负极的涂布重量，充分利用负极良好的脱嵌锂能力。但降低N/P会容易发生析锂，恶化锂离子电池的使用寿命。Studies have shown that under normal operating conditions, the final failure mode of lithium-ion batteries is a series of side reactions of active lithium and capacity loss caused by changes in the local crystal structure of the cathode material, while the electrochemical activity of the anode active material graphite is basically ineffective. change, that is, the anode always maintains a good ability to deintercalate lithium. The lithium storage capacity of the anode is often excessive at the later stage of the battery cycle, so it cannot be effectively utilized. Therefore, in order to improve the energy density of lithium-ion batteries, the coating weight of the anode will be reduced, that is, N/P, N/P = negative electrode capacity per unit area/positive electrode capacity per unit area, by reducing the coating weight of the negative electrode, the negative electrode can be fully utilized. Good ability to deintercalate lithium. However, reducing N/P will easily lead to lithium precipitation and deteriorate the service life of lithium-ion batteries.

因此，如何在降低N/P的同时，保证锂离子电池的使用寿命是目前亟待解决的问题。Therefore, how to reduce N/P while ensuring the service life of lithium-ion batteries is an urgent problem to be solved.

针对上述问题，本发明提供一种电池充电方法、装置及存储介质，通过电池设计的优化，减少锂离子电池的负极涂布量，降低N/P，同时配合BMS使用策略，最大程度利用负极基本不衰减的脱嵌锂能力，实现锂离子电池长寿命、能量密度和低成本的兼得。In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a battery charging method, device and storage medium. Through the optimization of the battery design, the coating amount of the negative electrode of the lithium ion battery is reduced, and the N/P is reduced. The non-attenuated lithium-deintercalation capability achieves both long life, energy density and low cost of lithium-ion batteries.

图1为本发明提供的一应用场景示例图。参考图1，电动汽车包括但不限于马达、控制器和电池。其中，电池即锂离子电池，为电动汽车的驱动电动机提供电能；控制器是用于控制电动汽车的启动、运行、进退、速度、停止以及电动汽车的其它电子器件的核心控制器件；马达，将电池的电能转化为机械能，通过传动装置或直接驱动车轮和工作装置。电动汽车在使用过程中，需要对电动汽车进行充电以保证正常运行。其中，每次充电结束的条件是锂离子电池的正负极之间的电压达到充电截止电压。FIG. 1 is an example diagram of an application scenario provided by the present invention. Referring to Figure 1, an electric vehicle includes, but is not limited to, a motor, a controller, and a battery. Among them, the battery is the lithium-ion battery, which provides electric energy for the driving motor of the electric vehicle; the controller is the core control device used to control the start, operation, advance and retreat, speed, stop of the electric vehicle and other electronic devices of the electric vehicle; the motor, the The electrical energy of the battery is converted into mechanical energy, either through a transmission or directly to drive the wheels and work equipment. During the use of electric vehicles, it is necessary to charge the electric vehicles to ensure normal operation. Wherein, the condition for each charging end is that the voltage between the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium ion battery reaches the charging cut-off voltage.

在现有技术中，该充电截止电压是在锂离子电池出厂时设置的。考虑到锂离子电池的SOH衰减，通常情况下，该充电截止电压出厂时设置的较高。而本发明由于降低了锂离子电池的N/P，且使用过程中会不断调整充电截止电压，锂离子电池出厂时设置的充电截止电压(即后文所述的初始充电截止电压)可相比现有技术中同样锂离子电池的充电截止电压低一些。In the prior art, the charge cut-off voltage is set when the lithium-ion battery leaves the factory. Considering the SOH attenuation of lithium-ion batteries, usually, the charge cut-off voltage is set higher at the factory. However, the present invention reduces the N/P of the lithium ion battery and continuously adjusts the charge cut-off voltage during use. In the prior art, the charge cut-off voltage of the same lithium-ion battery is lower.

以下通过具体实施例对本发明提供的电池充电方法进行解释。The battery charging method provided by the present invention will be explained below through specific embodiments.

图2为本发明一实施例提供的电池充电方法的流程图。本发明实施例提供一种电池充电方法，适用于N/P范围为0.5～1.1的锂离子电池。如图2所示，该电池充电方法包括以下步骤：FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a battery charging method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment of the present invention provides a battery charging method, which is suitable for a lithium ion battery with an N/P range of 0.5-1.1. As shown in Figure 2, the battery charging method includes the following steps:

S101，BMS获取锂离子电池的SOH损失；S101, BMS obtains the SOH loss of the lithium-ion battery;

S102，BMS根据SOH损失、锂离子电池的初始充电截止电压和电压校正系数，确定下一次充电的充电截止电压。S102, the BMS determines the charge cut-off voltage for the next charging according to the SOH loss, the initial charge cut-off voltage of the lithium ion battery, and the voltage correction coefficient.

其中，初始充电截止电压是根据N/P确定的，充电截止电压随充电次数的增多而提高。Among them, the initial charge cut-off voltage is determined according to N/P, and the charge cut-off voltage increases with the increase of charging times.

现有技术中，为了保证锂离子电池的负极不析锂，通常需设计锂离子电池的N/P大于1，N/P范围一般在1.03～1.15之间。为了提升锂离子电池的能量密度，本发明通过锂离子电池的设计优化，减少负极的涂布重量，降低N/P至0.5～1.1。在上述特殊N/P设计基础上，通过调整BMS充电策略，在整个寿命周期内始终最大化的利用负极储锂空间及不衰减的脱嵌锂能力，实现高能量密度和长寿命的兼得。In the prior art, in order to ensure that the negative electrode of the lithium ion battery does not precipitate lithium, it is usually necessary to design the N/P of the lithium ion battery to be greater than 1, and the N/P range is generally between 1.03 and 1.15. In order to improve the energy density of the lithium ion battery, the present invention reduces the coating weight of the negative electrode and reduces the N/P to 0.5-1.1 through the design optimization of the lithium ion battery. On the basis of the above-mentioned special N/P design, by adjusting the BMS charging strategy, the negative electrode lithium storage space and the non-fading lithium intercalation capacity are always maximized throughout the life cycle to achieve both high energy density and long life.

具体地，在锂离子电池使用过程中，锂离子电池逐步发生老化，性能衰退，通过BMS监控锂离子电池的SOH，获取锂离子电池的SOH损失。示例性地，BMS可以每隔一段时间记录电池固定SOC区间的充放电容量。例如，电池初始状态在20％-80％SOC区间的放电容量为C1，使用一段时间后，在相同20％-80％SOC区间的放电容量为C2，则此段时间内的SOH损失为：ΔSOH＝(C1-C2)/C1*100％。当然，SOH损失还可以是通过其他方式获取的，例如，可以是通过传感器自动采集而得到的；或，还可以是基于用户交互操作而人为设置的等，在此对其应不加限制。Specifically, during the use of the lithium-ion battery, the lithium-ion battery gradually ages and its performance deteriorates. The SOH of the lithium-ion battery is monitored by BMS to obtain the SOH loss of the lithium-ion battery. Exemplarily, the BMS may record the charge and discharge capacity of the battery in a fixed SOC interval at regular intervals. For example, the discharge capacity of the battery in the initial state of 20%-80% SOC is C1, and after a period of use, the discharge capacity in the same 20%-80% SOC range is C2, then the SOH loss during this period is: ΔSOH =(C1-C2)/C1*100%. Of course, the SOH loss may also be acquired in other ways, for example, it may be acquired automatically by sensors; or, it may also be manually set based on user interaction, etc., which should not be limited here.

BMS根据SOH损失、锂离子电池的初始充电截止电压和电压校正系数，确定下一次充电的充电截止电压。其中，锂离子电池使用过程中性能的老化主要是正极材质和活性锂的损失，基于此，BMS根据SOH损失来提高下一次充电的充电截止电压，使正极在下次充电过程中脱出更多的锂来弥补循环过程中活性锂的损失(即SOH损失)，由于负极材质基本无损失，始终维持负极的最大嵌锂量，保证容量的不衰减，实现锂离子电池的长寿命。The BMS determines the charge cut-off voltage for the next charge based on the SOH loss, the initial charge cut-off voltage of the lithium-ion battery, and the voltage correction coefficient. Among them, the aging of the performance of lithium-ion batteries is mainly due to the loss of positive electrode material and active lithium. Based on this, BMS increases the charge cut-off voltage of the next charge according to the SOH loss, so that the positive electrode can release more lithium during the next charge process. To make up for the loss of active lithium during the cycle (ie SOH loss), since there is basically no loss of negative electrode material, the maximum lithium intercalation amount of the negative electrode is always maintained to ensure that the capacity does not decay, and to achieve a long life of the lithium-ion battery.

本发明实施例的电池充电方法，适用于N/P范围为0.5～1.1的锂离子电池，此方法包括：电源管理***获取锂离子电池的SOH损失，并根据该SOH损失、锂离子电池的初始充电截止电压和电压校正系数，确定下一次充电的充电截止电压，初始充电截止电压是根据N/P确定的，充电截止电压随充电次数的增多而提高。一方面，由于N/P范围为0.5～1.1，降低了负极的用量，因此可以降低成本和提高能量密度；另一方面，由于根据SOH损失提高下一次充电的充电截止电压，保证锂离子电池不发生析锂，从而可以在降低N/P的同时，保证锂离子电池的使用寿命。The battery charging method of the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for lithium ion batteries with an N/P range of 0.5 to 1.1. The method includes: the power management system obtains the SOH loss of the lithium ion battery, and according to the SOH loss, the initial value of the lithium ion battery The charging cut-off voltage and voltage correction coefficient determine the charging cut-off voltage for the next charging. The initial charging cut-off voltage is determined according to N/P, and the charging cut-off voltage increases with the increase of charging times. On the one hand, since the N/P range is 0.5-1.1, the amount of negative electrode is reduced, so the cost can be reduced and the energy density can be improved; Lithium precipitation occurs, so that the service life of the lithium-ion battery can be ensured while reducing N/P.

在上述实施例的基础上，一种可能的实现方式中，S102，BMS根据SOH损失、锂离子电池的初始充电截止电压和电压校正系数，确定下一次充电的充电截止电压，可以具体为：On the basis of the above embodiment, in a possible implementation manner, in S102, the BMS determines the charging cut-off voltage for the next charging according to the SOH loss, the initial charging cut-off voltage and the voltage correction coefficient of the lithium-ion battery, which may be specifically:

U＝U ₀+ε×△SOH U=U ₀ +ε×△SOH

可以理解，对上述公式进行适当变形，例如依据实际情况考虑数据补偿时加减一个常数等，也在本发明保护范围之内。It can be understood that appropriate modifications to the above formula, such as adding or subtracting a constant when considering data compensation according to the actual situation, are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

在S102，BMS根据SOH损失、锂离子电池的初始充电截止电压和电压校正系数，确定下一次充电的充电截止电压之前，还需要确定锂离子电池的初始充电截止电压和电压校正系数。因此，该电池充电方法还包括以下至少一项：In S102, the BMS also needs to determine the initial charge cut-off voltage and voltage correction coefficient of the lithium-ion battery before determining the charge-off voltage of the next charge according to the SOH loss, the initial charge-off voltage and the voltage correction coefficient of the lithium-ion battery. Therefore, the battery charging method further includes at least one of the following:

电源管理***获取初始充电截止电压，该初始充电截止电压是根据锂离子电池正极材料单位质量的最大充电容量、正极材料的电压容量微分曲线、安全冗余系数、锂离子电池使用的下限截止电压和所述N/P确定的；The power management system obtains the initial charge cutoff voltage, which is based on the maximum charge capacity per unit mass of the positive electrode material of the lithium ion battery, the voltage capacity differential curve of the positive electrode material, the safety redundancy factor, the lower limit cutoff voltage used by the lithium ion battery, and The N/P is determined;

电源管理***获取电压校正系数，该电压校正系数是根据锂离子电池正极材料单位质量的最大充电容量、正极材料的电压容量微分曲线、电压补偿系数和锂离子电池的首次库伦效率确定的。The power management system obtains the voltage correction coefficient, which is determined according to the maximum charging capacity per unit mass of the positive electrode material of the lithium ion battery, the voltage capacity differential curve of the positive electrode material, the voltage compensation coefficient and the first coulombic efficiency of the lithium ion battery.

一些实施例中，初始充电截止电压是根据以下公式确定的：In some embodiments, the initial charge cut-off voltage is determined according to the following formula:

初始充电截止电压取决于锂离子电池的材料体系和N/P，针对每一种确定的材料体系，初始充电截止电压可以由上述公式计算得到。在确定锂离子电池的初始充电截止电压后，输入给到BMS，在该初始充电截止电压下，使锂离子电池的负极达到最大的嵌锂能力且不发生析锂。The initial charge cut-off voltage depends on the material system and N/P of the lithium-ion battery. For each determined material system, the initial charge cut-off voltage can be calculated from the above formula. After the initial charge cut-off voltage of the lithium-ion battery is determined, it is input to the BMS. Under the initial charge cut-off voltage, the negative electrode of the lithium-ion battery can achieve the maximum lithium intercalation capacity without lithium precipitation.

可选地，安全冗余系数大于或等于1，且，安全冗余系数小于或等于1.3。更进一步地，安全冗余系数大于或等于1.03，且，安全冗余系数小于或等于1.08。Optionally, the safety redundancy factor is greater than or equal to 1, and the safety redundancy factor is less than or equal to 1.3. Furthermore, the safety redundancy factor is greater than or equal to 1.03, and the safety redundancy factor is less than or equal to 1.08.

举例来说，图3为NCM811正极材料的电压容量微分曲线，纵坐标dU/dQ的物理意义表示单位容量的变化引起电压的增量。对于NCM811正极材料，U _low一般为2.8V，单位质量的最大充电容量C ₀为201mAh/g，当N/P取1，a取1.05时，正极材料需要脱出的锂量为C ₀×(N/P)/a＝201×1/1.05＝191.4mAh/g。然后根据图3曲线对横坐标容量从0到191.4mAh/g范围内进行积分，即可获得正极脱出191.4mAh/g时的电压增量。下限截止电压U _low与上述电压增量之和即为初始充电截止电压。 For example, Figure 3 is the voltage-capacity differential curve of the NCM811 positive electrode material, and the physical meaning of the ordinate dU/dQ represents the increase in voltage caused by the change in unit capacity. For NCM811 cathode material, U _low is generally 2.8V, and the maximum charging capacity C ₀ per unit mass is 201mAh/g. When N/P is 1 and a is 1.05, the amount of lithium that needs to be extracted from the cathode material is C ₀ ×(N /P)/a=201×1/1.05=191.4mAh/g. Then, according to the curve in Fig. 3, the abscissa capacity is integrated in the range from 0 to 191.4mAh/g, and the voltage increment when the positive electrode is removed from 191.4mAh/g can be obtained. The sum of the lower limit cut-off voltage U _low and the above-mentioned voltage increment is the initial charge cut-off voltage.

此外，初始充电截止电压也可以根据正极材料的电压容量曲线得到，图4为NCM811正极材料的电压容量曲线，对于上述N/P取1，a取1.05时，正极脱锂量为191.4mAh/g，可以根据电压容量曲线直接获取正极脱锂量为191.4mAh/g时对应的电压，即为初始充电截止电压。In addition, the initial charge cut-off voltage can also be obtained according to the voltage-capacity curve of the positive electrode material. Figure 4 shows the voltage-capacity curve of the NCM811 positive electrode material. For the above N/P value of 1 and a value of 1.05, the amount of lithium removal from the positive electrode is 191.4mAh/g , the corresponding voltage when the amount of lithium removal from the positive electrode is 191.4mAh/g can be directly obtained according to the voltage-capacity curve, which is the initial charge cut-off voltage.

不同材料体系和N/P的初始充电截止电压会在线下提前计算，直接输入给到BMS。The initial charge cut-off voltage of different material systems and N/P will be calculated in advance offline and input directly to the BMS.

另外，电压校正系数是根据以下公式确定的：In addition, the voltage correction factor is determined according to the following formula:

可选地，电压补偿系数大于0，且，电压补偿系数小于或等于1。当电压补偿系数等于1时，负极始终保持最大嵌锂量；当电压补偿系数小于1时，负极可以留出更多的余量，会有利于锂离子电池的长寿命。Optionally, the voltage compensation coefficient is greater than 0, and the voltage compensation coefficient is less than or equal to 1. When the voltage compensation coefficient is equal to 1, the negative electrode always maintains the maximum amount of lithium intercalation; when the voltage compensation coefficient is less than 1, the negative electrode can leave more margin, which is beneficial to the long life of the lithium-ion battery.

具体来说，对于确定的材料体系：b、C ₀、ICE均为常数，ε只取决于锂离子电池正极材料本身

的变化。上述

为单位容量变化引起的电压增量，则

表示单位SOH变化导致的电压增量，单位SOH损失可以近似认为单位SOH变化造成的容量的损失。因此，电压校正系数ε与

呈正相关。图5为不同充电截止电压下，NCM811电压校正系数ε随充电截止电压的变化曲线。BMS可以根据此关系式，获取SOH损失来计算下一次充电截止电压；充电截止电压越高，SOH每衰减1％时，充电截止电压的提高值也会越大。 Specifically, for a certain material system: b, C ₀ , and ICE are all constants, and ε only depends on the cathode material of the lithium-ion battery itself

The change. the above

is the voltage increment caused by the unit capacity change, then

It represents the voltage increment caused by the change of unit SOH, and the loss of unit SOH can be approximated as the loss of capacity caused by the change of unit SOH. Therefore, the voltage correction coefficient ε is the same as

positive correlation. Figure 5 shows the variation curve of the NCM811 voltage correction coefficient ε with the charge-off voltage under different charge-off voltages. According to this relationship, BMS can obtain the SOH loss to calculate the next charge cut-off voltage; the higher the charge cut-off voltage, the greater the increase in the charge cut-off voltage when the SOH decays by 1%.

由上述公式可知，初始充电截止电压与N/P成正比，N/P越小，相应的初始充电截止电压也会相应降低。另外，初始充电截止电压及电压校正系数二者还与锂离子电池的材料体系有关。例如，对于目前常用的正极材料(三元NCM/NCA、磷酸铁锂、锰酸锂等)/石墨体系而言，初始充电截止电压U ₀可控制在3.4-4.5V，SOH每降低1％，可相应提高充电截止电压(电压校正系数ε为1至30mV的任意值)。总的来说，通过上述N/P设计和BMS充电策略的巧妙配合，确保负极不会析锂的同时，最大程度利用负极这种不衰减的嵌脱锂能力，从而实现低成本、超长寿命和高能量密度，并且电池容量始终保持不衰减，提升终端用户的体验。 It can be seen from the above formula that the initial charge cut-off voltage is proportional to N/P, and the smaller N/P is, the corresponding initial charge cut-off voltage will decrease accordingly. In addition, both the initial charge cut-off voltage and the voltage correction factor are also related to the material system of the lithium-ion battery. For example, for the currently commonly used cathode materials (ternary NCM/NCA, lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganate, etc.)/graphite system, the initial charge cut-off voltage U0 can be controlled at _3.4-4.5V , and the SOH decreases by 1%. The charge cut-off voltage can be increased accordingly (voltage correction coefficient ε is any value from 1 to 30 mV). In general, through the ingenious cooperation of the above N/P design and BMS charging strategy, the non-deteriorating lithium intercalation and delithiation capability of the negative electrode can be maximized while ensuring that the negative electrode does not precipitate lithium, thereby achieving low cost and ultra-long life. and high energy density, and the battery capacity remains unchanged, improving the end-user experience.

表一为不同材料体系、不同N/P对应的充电参数(包括初始充电截止电压、电压校正系数和充电截止电压)：Table 1 shows the charging parameters corresponding to different material systems and different N/P (including initial charge cut-off voltage, voltage correction coefficient and charge cut-off voltage):

表一：不同材料体系和N/P的充电参数Table 1: Charging parameters of different material systems and N/P

表2 采用本发明提供的电池充电方法实施例和对比例的测试结果Table 2 The test results of the battery charging method embodiment and comparative example provided by the present invention

实施例1Example 1

正极片的制备Preparation of positive electrode sheet

将正极活性物质三元材料镍钴锰(NCM811)、导电剂乙炔黑、粘结剂聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)按质量比97：2：1混合均匀并加入到溶剂NMP中，制成正极浆料；将正极浆料均匀涂布在正极集流体铝箔上，在85℃下烘干后冷压，再进行模切、分条，制成锂离子电池正极片。The positive active material ternary material nickel cobalt manganese (NCM811), the conductive agent acetylene black, and the binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) are mixed uniformly in a mass ratio of 97:2:1 and added to the solvent NMP to make a positive electrode slurry The positive electrode slurry is uniformly coated on the positive electrode current collector aluminum foil, dried at 85°C, and then cold-pressed, and then die-cutting and slitting to make a lithium-ion battery positive electrode sheet.

负极片的制备Preparation of negative electrode sheet

将负极活性物质石墨、导电剂乙炔黑、增稠剂羟甲基纤维素钠(CMC)、粘结剂丁苯橡胶(SBR)按质量比96：2：1：1加入溶剂水中混合均匀并制成负极浆料；将负极浆料均匀涂布在负极集流体铜箔上，在85℃下烘干后进行冷压，制成锂离子电池负极片。The negative electrode active material graphite, conductive agent acetylene black, thickener sodium hydroxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and binder styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) were added to solvent water in a mass ratio of 96:2:1:1, mixed uniformly and prepared. A negative electrode slurry is formed; the negative electrode slurry is uniformly coated on the copper foil of the negative electrode current collector, dried at 85° C. and then cold-pressed to prepare a lithium ion battery negative electrode sheet.

隔离膜的制备Preparation of the isolation film

采用聚乙烯微孔薄膜作为多孔隔离膜基材，将无机三氧化铝粉末、聚乙烯呲咯烷酮、丙酮溶剂按重量比3：1.5：5.5混合均匀制成浆料并涂布于基材的一面并烘干，得到隔离膜。Using polyethylene microporous film as the base material of porous isolation film, inorganic trialumina powder, polyethylene pyrrolidone, and acetone solvent are mixed uniformly in a weight ratio of 3:1.5:5.5 to make a slurry and coated on the base material. One side and drying to obtain a release film.

电解液的制备Preparation of electrolyte

将六氟磷酸锂溶解于碳酸乙烯酯、碳酸二甲酯和碳酸甲乙酯的混合溶剂中(碳酸乙烯酯、碳酸二甲酯、碳酸甲乙酯的体积比为1：2：1)，得到锂离子电池电解液。Dissolving lithium hexafluorophosphate in a mixed solvent of ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate (the volume ratio of ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate is 1:2:1) to obtain a lithium ion battery Electrolyte.

锂离子电池的制备Preparation of Lithium Ion Batteries

将上述正极片、负极片以及隔离膜进行卷绕，得到裸电池，之后经过封装、注液、化成、排气等工序，制得实施例1锂离子电池，该电池的N/P＝1电池设计额定容量为85Ah。The above-mentioned positive electrode sheet, negative electrode sheet and separator are wound to obtain a bare cell, and then through processes such as packaging, liquid injection, chemical formation, and exhaust gas, the lithium ion battery of Example 1 is obtained, and the N/P=1 battery of the battery is obtained. The design rated capacity is 85Ah.

实施例2Example 2

本发明实施例2锂离子电池与本发明实施例1锂离子电池基本相同，不同之处在于：保持正极的涂布重量不变，降低负极的涂布重量，使该电池的N/P＝0.9。The lithium-ion battery in Example 2 of the present invention is basically the same as the lithium-ion battery in Example 1 of the present invention, except that the coating weight of the positive electrode is kept unchanged, and the coating weight of the negative electrode is reduced, so that the battery has N/P=0.9 .

实施例3Example 3

本发明实施例3锂离子电池与本发明实施例1锂离子电池基本相同，不同之处在于：正极所用的材料为NCM622。The lithium ion battery in Example 3 of the present invention is basically the same as the lithium ion battery in Example 1 of the present invention, except that the material used for the positive electrode is NCM622.

实施例4Example 4

本发明实施例4锂离子电池与本发明实施例1锂离子电池基本相同，不同之处在于：正极所用的材料为NCM622，且该电池的N/P＝0.9。The lithium ion battery in Example 4 of the present invention is basically the same as the lithium ion battery in Example 1 of the present invention, except that the material used for the positive electrode is NCM622, and the battery has N/P=0.9.

实施例5Example 5

本发明实施例5锂离子电池与本发明实施例1锂离子电池基本相同，不同之处在于：正极所用的材料为NCM523。The lithium ion battery in Example 5 of the present invention is basically the same as the lithium ion battery in Example 1 of the present invention, except that the material used for the positive electrode is NCM523.

实施例6Example 6

本发明实施例6锂离子电池与本发明实施例1锂离子电池基本相同，不同之处在于：正极所用的材料为NCM523，且该电池的N/P＝0.9。The lithium ion battery in Example 6 of the present invention is basically the same as the lithium ion battery in Example 1 of the present invention, except that the material used for the positive electrode is NCM523, and the battery has N/P=0.9.

实施例7Example 7

本发明实施例7锂离子电池与本发明实施例1锂离子电池基本相同，不同之处在于：正极所用的材料为NCM333。The lithium ion battery in Example 7 of the present invention is basically the same as the lithium ion battery in Example 1 of the present invention, except that the material used for the positive electrode is NCM333.

实施例8Example 8

本发明实施例8锂离子电池与本发明实施例1锂离子电池基本相同，不同之处在于：正极所用的材料为NCM333，且该电池的N/P＝0.9。The lithium-ion battery in Example 8 of the present invention is basically the same as that in Example 1 of the present invention, except that the material used for the positive electrode is NCM333, and the battery has N/P=0.9.

实施例9Example 9

本发明实施例9锂离子电池与本发明实施例1锂离子电池基本相同，不同之处在于：正极所用的材料为磷酸铁锂。The lithium ion battery in Example 9 of the present invention is basically the same as the lithium ion battery in Example 1 of the present invention, except that the material used for the positive electrode is lithium iron phosphate.

实施例10Example 10

本发明实施例10锂离子电池与本发明实施例1锂离子电池基本相同，不同之处在于：正极所用的材料为磷酸铁锂，且该电池的N/P＝0.9。The lithium ion battery in Example 10 of the present invention is basically the same as the lithium ion battery in Example 1 of the present invention, except that the material used for the positive electrode is lithium iron phosphate, and the battery has N/P=0.9.

实施例11Example 11

本发明实施例11锂离子电池与本发明实施例1锂离子电池基本相同，不同之处在于：正极所用的材料为锰酸锂。The lithium ion battery of Example 11 of the present invention is basically the same as the lithium ion battery of Example 1 of the present invention, except that the material used for the positive electrode is lithium manganate.

实施例12Example 12

本发明实施例12锂离子电池与本发明实施例1锂离子电池基本相同，不同之处在于：正极所用的材料为锰酸锂，且该电池的N/P＝0.9。The lithium ion battery in Example 12 of the present invention is basically the same as the lithium ion battery in Example 1 of the present invention, except that the material used for the positive electrode is lithium manganate, and the N/P of the battery is 0.9.

对比例1Comparative Example 1

本发明对比例1锂离子电池与本发明实施例1锂离子电池基本相同，不同之处在于：保持正极的涂布重量不变，增加负极的涂布重量，使该电池的N/P＝1.1。The lithium ion battery of Comparative Example 1 of the present invention is basically the same as the lithium ion battery of Example 1 of the present invention, except that the coating weight of the positive electrode is kept unchanged, and the coating weight of the negative electrode is increased, so that the battery has N/P=1.1 .

对比例2Comparative Example 2

本发明对比例2锂离子电池与本发明实施例1锂离子电池基本相同，不同之处在于：正极材料为NCM622，保持正极的涂布重量不变，增加负极的涂布重量，使该电池的N/P＝1.1。The lithium ion battery of Comparative Example 2 of the present invention is basically the same as the lithium ion battery of Example 1 of the present invention, except that the positive electrode material is NCM622, the coating weight of the positive electrode is kept unchanged, and the coating weight of the negative electrode is increased, so that the N/P=1.1.

对比例3Comparative Example 3

本发明对比例3锂离子电池与本发明实施例1锂离子电池基本相同，不同之处在于：正极材料为NCM523，保持正极的涂布重量不变，增加负极的涂布重量，使该电池的N/P＝1.1。The lithium ion battery of Comparative Example 3 of the present invention is basically the same as the lithium ion battery of Example 1 of the present invention, except that the positive electrode material is NCM523, the coating weight of the positive electrode is kept unchanged, and the coating weight of the negative electrode is increased to make the battery N/P=1.1.

对比例4Comparative Example 4

本发明对比例1锂离子电池与本发明实施例1锂离子电池基本相同，不同之处在于：正极材料为NCM333，保持正极的涂布重量不变，增加负极的涂布重量，使该电池的N/P＝1.1。The lithium ion battery of Comparative Example 1 of the present invention is basically the same as the lithium ion battery of Example 1 of the present invention, except that the positive electrode material is NCM333, the coating weight of the positive electrode is kept unchanged, and the coating weight of the negative electrode is increased to make the battery N/P=1.1.

对比例5Comparative Example 5

本发明对比例2锂离子电池与本发明实施例1锂离子电池基本相同，不同之处在于：正极材料为磷酸铁锂，保持正极的涂布重量不变，增加负极的涂布重量，使该电池的N/P＝1.1。The lithium ion battery of Comparative Example 2 of the present invention is basically the same as the lithium ion battery of Example 1 of the present invention. The battery has N/P=1.1.

对比例6Comparative Example 6

本发明对比例3锂离子电池与本发明实施例1锂离子电池基本相同，不同之处在于：正极材料为锰酸锂，保持正极的涂布重量不变，增加负极的涂布重量，使该电池的N/P＝1.1。The lithium ion battery of Comparative Example 3 of the present invention is basically the same as the lithium ion battery of Example 1 of the present invention, except that the positive electrode material is lithium manganate, the coating weight of the positive electrode is kept unchanged, and the coating weight of the negative electrode is increased to make the The battery has N/P=1.1.

性能测试Performance Testing

容量保持率和能量吞吐量：为了表征本发明方案对锂离子电池寿命的影响，采用本发明的电池充电方法和常规电池充电方法对上述实施例的锂离子电池和对比例的锂离子电池分别在25℃条件下进行0.5C/1C的循环测试，考察其容量保有率和能量吞吐量。循环容量保有率是不同次数循环后的放电容量相对于第2次1C放电容量的比例，能量吞吐量为5000次的循环生命周期中放出的总能量。Capacity Retention Rate and Energy Throughput: In order to characterize the influence of the solution of the present invention on the life of a lithium-ion battery, the lithium-ion battery of the above embodiment and the lithium-ion battery of the comparative example were respectively tested by the battery charging method of the present invention and the conventional battery charging method. The 0.5C/1C cycle test was carried out at 25°C to investigate its capacity retention rate and energy throughput. The cycle capacity retention rate is the ratio of the discharge capacity after different cycles to the second 1C discharge capacity, and the energy throughput is the total energy released in the life cycle of 5000 cycles.

实施例1中，采用本发明的电池充电方法；首先根据锂离子电池的N/P为1，确定锂离子电池的初始充电截止电压为4.15V；随着锂离子电池SOH的衰减(即SOH损失)，逐步提高充电截止电压，从结果来看(表2)，采用本发明的电池充电方法，经过5000次循环后，容量保持率保持在99.8％左右，基本没有衰减。In Example 1, the battery charging method of the present invention was adopted; first, according to the N/P of the lithium ion battery being 1, the initial charge cut-off voltage of the lithium ion battery was determined to be 4.15V; ), and gradually increase the charge cut-off voltage. From the results (Table 2), using the battery charging method of the present invention, after 5000 cycles, the capacity retention rate is maintained at about 99.8%, and there is basically no attenuation.

实施例2结果可以看出，对于N/P更小的设计，该电池充电方法同样适用，在N/P＝0.9时，锂离子电池的负极的用量减少，为了保证负极不发生析锂，初始充电截止电压降低至4.09V，然后随着锂离子电池的SOH损失，再逐步提高充电截止电压，同样经过5000次循环后，容量保持率保持在99.8％左右。It can be seen from the results of Example 2 that this battery charging method is also applicable to the design with smaller N/P. When N/P=0.9, the amount of the negative electrode of the lithium ion battery is reduced. The charge cut-off voltage was reduced to 4.09V, and then the charge cut-off voltage was gradually increased with the SOH loss of the lithium-ion battery. Also after 5000 cycles, the capacity retention rate remained at about 99.8%.

而对比例1中，材料体系与实施例1和实施例2完全相同，不同的是，电池为常规设计N/P＝1.1,初始充电截止电压为4.25V，并且循环测试过程中充电区间始终保持在2.8-4.25V。可以看到，经过5000次循环测试后，其容量发生了明显的衰减，仅能够保持50％左右。从能量吞吐量来看，实施例1在本发明的充电方法下的能量吞吐量可以达到1551kWh和1532kWh，远大于对比例1的1026kWh。In Comparative Example 1, the material system is exactly the same as in Example 1 and Example 2. The difference is that the battery is a conventional design with N/P=1.1, the initial charge cut-off voltage is 4.25V, and the charging interval is always maintained during the cycle test. at 2.8-4.25V. It can be seen that after 5000 cycles of testing, its capacity has been significantly attenuated, and it can only maintain about 50%. In terms of energy throughput, the energy throughput of Example 1 under the charging method of the present invention can reach 1551 kWh and 1532 kWh, which is much greater than the 1026 kWh of Comparative Example 1.

此外，实施例3-12和对比例2-6结果表明(表2)，该方法不仅适用于NCM811三元体系，对于不同的化学体系(NCM622、NCM523、NCM333、磷酸铁锂、锰酸锂等)同样适用，表明本发明提供的电池充电方案具有非常强的普适性。In addition, the results of Examples 3-12 and Comparative Examples 2-6 show (Table 2) that this method is not only applicable to the NCM811 ternary system, but also to different chemical systems (NCM622, NCM523, NCM333, lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganate, etc. ) is also applicable, indicating that the battery charging solution provided by the present invention has very strong universality.

结合以上对本发明各个实施例的详细描述可以看出，相对于现有常规技术，本发明设计的锂离子电池具有以下优点：It can be seen from the above detailed description of the various embodiments of the present invention that, compared with the existing conventional technology, the lithium-ion battery designed by the present invention has the following advantages:

相比于传统的锂离子电池，本发明至少具有如下优势：Compared with the traditional lithium-ion battery, the present invention has at least the following advantages:

1、降低N/P，减少负极总用量，取而代之的是最大程度重复利用负极基本不衰减的嵌脱锂能力，实现低成本；1. Reduce N/P, reduce the total amount of negative electrode, and replace it by reusing the lithium intercalation and delithiation ability of the negative electrode to the greatest extent, which is basically not attenuated, so as to achieve low cost;

2、基于SOH损失实时调整下一次充电的充电截止电压，一直最大程度利用负极嵌锂能力，改善锂离子电池的寿命能力；2. Based on the SOH loss, the charging cut-off voltage of the next charge is adjusted in real time, and the lithium intercalation capacity of the negative electrode has been maximized to improve the lifespan of the lithium-ion battery;

3、锂离子电池在初始阶段使用的初始充电截止电压较低，后期随着锂离子电池的SOH损失，才会逐步提升充电截止电压。而传统锂离子电池一直保持在高电压下使用。因此，本发明减少锂离子电池在高电位下的使用时间，进而减少很多副反应，减小活性锂和电解液添加剂及电解液本身的消耗，延长锂离子电池的使用寿命；3. The initial charge cut-off voltage of the lithium-ion battery is low in the initial stage, and the charge cut-off voltage will be gradually increased in the later stage with the loss of SOH of the lithium-ion battery. And traditional lithium-ion batteries have been kept at high voltages. Therefore, the present invention reduces the use time of the lithium ion battery under high potential, thereby reducing many side reactions, reducing the consumption of active lithium and electrolyte additives and the electrolyte itself, and prolonging the service life of the lithium ion battery;

4、负极总用量减少，电池设计群裕度降低，降低锂离子电池在使用过程中的膨胀力，改善膨胀力过大导致电芯循环跳水风险，实现超长寿命；4. The total amount of negative electrodes is reduced, the battery design group margin is reduced, the expansion force of lithium-ion batteries during use is reduced, the risk of cell cycle diving caused by excessive expansion force is improved, and ultra-long life is achieved;

5、负极总用量减少，确保在寿命周期内续航里程不受影响的情况下，节省更多空间来进一步提升能量密度。5. The total amount of negative electrode is reduced to ensure that the cruising range in the life cycle is not affected, and more space is saved to further improve the energy density.

以下为本发明装置实施例，可以用于执行本发明上述方法实施例。对于本发明装置实施例中未披露的细节，可参考本发明上述方法实施例。The following are apparatus embodiments of the present invention, which can be used to execute the above method embodiments of the present invention. For details not disclosed in the device embodiments of the present invention, reference may be made to the above method embodiments of the present invention.

图6为本发明一实施例提供的电池充电装置的结构示意图。该电池充电装置可以通过软件和/或硬件的方式实现。实际应用中，该电池充电装置可以是汽车、电脑、手机、平板等安装有BMS并使用锂离子电池的电子设备，该锂离子电池的N/P为0.5～1.1范围内；或者，该电池充电装置可以是电子设备中的芯片或电路。FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery charging device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The battery charging device can be implemented by software and/or hardware. In practical applications, the battery charging device may be an electronic device such as a car, computer, mobile phone, tablet, etc. that is equipped with a BMS and uses a lithium-ion battery, and the N/P of the lithium-ion battery is in the range of 0.5 to 1.1; or, the battery is charged A device may be a chip or circuit in an electronic device.

如图6所示，本实施例的电池充电装置30包括：As shown in FIG. 6 , the battery charging device 30 of this embodiment includes:

获取模块31，用于获取锂离子电池的SOH损失；an acquisition module 31 for acquiring the SOH loss of the lithium-ion battery;

处理模块32，用于根据SOH损失、锂离子电池的初始充电截止电压和电压校正系数，确定下一次充电的充电截止电压。其中，初始充电截止电压是根据N/P确定的，充电截止电压随充电次数的增多而提高。The processing module 32 is configured to determine the charging cut-off voltage of the next charging according to the SOH loss, the initial charging cut-off voltage and the voltage correction coefficient of the lithium ion battery. Among them, the initial charge cut-off voltage is determined according to N/P, and the charge cut-off voltage increases with the increase of charging times.

本发明实施例提供的电池充电装置可以执行上述方法实施例所示的技术方案，其实现原理以及有益效果类似，此处不再进行赘述。The battery charging device provided in the embodiments of the present invention can implement the technical solutions shown in the foregoing method embodiments, and the implementation principles and beneficial effects thereof are similar, which will not be repeated here.

在上述基础上，可选地，N/P范围为0.8～1.0。On the basis of the above, optionally, the N/P range is 0.8-1.0.

一些实施例中，处理模块32可具体用于：In some embodiments, the processing module 32 may be specifically used to:

U＝U ₀+ε×△SOH U=U ₀ +ε×△SOH

进一步地，处理模块32还可以用于：Further, the processing module 32 can also be used for:

在根据SOH损失、锂离子电池的初始充电截止电压和电压校正系数，确定下一次充电的充电截止电压之前，获取初始充电截止电压，该初始充电截止电压是根据锂离子电池正极材料单位质量的最大充电容量、正极材料的电压容量微分曲线、安全冗余系数、锂离子电池使用的下限截止电压和N/P确定的；Before determining the charge cut-off voltage of the next charge according to the SOH loss, the initial charge cut-off voltage and the voltage correction coefficient of the lithium-ion battery, obtain the initial charge cut-off voltage, which is based on the maximum unit mass of the lithium-ion battery cathode material. Determined by charging capacity, voltage-capacity differential curve of positive electrode material, safety redundancy factor, lower limit cut-off voltage and N/P of lithium-ion battery;

和/或，在根据SOH损失、锂离子电池的初始充电截止电压和电压校正系数，确定下一次充电的充电截止电压之前，获取电压校正系数，该电压校正系数是根据锂离子电池正极材料单位质量的最大充电容量、正极材料的电压容量微分曲线、电压补偿系数和锂离子电池的首次库伦效率确定的。And/or, before determining the charging cut-off voltage of the next charge according to the SOH loss, the initial charge cut-off voltage and the voltage correction coefficient of the lithium-ion battery, the voltage correction coefficient is obtained, and the voltage correction coefficient is based on the unit mass of the positive electrode material of the lithium-ion battery. The maximum charging capacity, the voltage-capacity differential curve of the cathode material, the voltage compensation coefficient and the first coulombic efficiency of the lithium-ion battery were determined.

一种实现中，初始充电截止电压是根据以下公式确定的：In one implementation, the initial charge cutoff voltage is determined according to the following formula:

表示正极材料的电压容量微分曲线，a表示安全冗余系数，U _low表示锂离子电池使用的下限截止电压。

Among them, U ₀ represents the initial charge cut-off voltage, C ₀ represents the maximum charging capacity per unit mass of the positive electrode material of the lithium-ion battery,

另一种实现中，电压校正系数是根据以下公式确定的：In another implementation, the voltage correction factor is determined according to the following formula:

在上述任一实施例的基础上：On the basis of any of the above embodiments:

可选地，安全冗余系数大于或等于1，且，安全冗余系数小于或等于1.3。进一步地，安全冗余系数大于或等于1.03，且，安全冗余系数小于或等于1.08。Optionally, the safety redundancy factor is greater than or equal to 1, and the safety redundancy factor is less than or equal to 1.3. Further, the safety redundancy factor is greater than or equal to 1.03, and the safety redundancy factor is less than or equal to 1.08.

另外，电压补偿系数大于0，且，电压补偿系数小于或等于1。In addition, the voltage compensation coefficient is greater than 0, and the voltage compensation coefficient is less than or equal to 1.

本发明还提供一种电源管理***，该电源管理***用于执行如上述任一方法实施例所述的方法。The present invention further provides a power management system, which is used for executing the method described in any of the above method embodiments.

图7为本发明一实施例提供的电子设备的结构示意图。如图7所示：FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 7:

电子设备800可以包括以下一个或多个组件：处理组件802，存储器804，电源组件806，多媒体组件808，音频组件810，输入/输出(I/O)接口812，以及通信组件814。 Electronic device 800 may include one or more of the following components: processing component 802 , memory 804 , power supply component 806 , multimedia component 808 , audio component 810 , input/output (I/O) interface 812 , and communication component 814 .

处理组件802通常控制电子设备800的整体操作，诸如与数据通信和记录操作相关联的操作。处理组件802可以包括一个或多个处理器820来执行指令，以完成上述的方法的全部或部分步骤。此外，处理组件802可以包括一个或多个模块，便于处理组件802和其他组件之间的交互。例如，处理组件802可以包括多媒体模块，以方便多媒体组件808和处理组件802之间的交互。The processing component 802 generally controls the overall operation of the electronic device 800, such as operations associated with data communication and recording operations. The processing component 802 can include one or more processors 820 to execute instructions to perform all or some of the steps of the methods described above. Additionally, processing component 802 may include one or more modules that facilitate interaction between processing component 802 and other components. For example, processing component 802 may include a multimedia module to facilitate interaction between multimedia component 808 and processing component 802.

存储器804被配置为存储各种类型的数据以支持在电子设备800的操作。这些数据的示例包括用于在电子设备800上操作的任何应用程序或方法的指令，消息，图片，视频等。存储器804可以由任何类型的易失性或非易失性存储设备或者它们的组合实现，如静态随机存取存储器(SRAM)，电可擦除可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)，可擦除可编程只读存储器(EPROM)，可编程只读存储器(PROM)，只读存储器(ROM)，磁存储器，快闪存储器，磁盘或光盘。 Memory 804 is configured to store various types of data to support operation at electronic device 800 . Examples of such data include instructions, messages, pictures, videos, etc. for any application or method operating on the electronic device 800 . Memory 804 may be implemented by any type of volatile or nonvolatile storage device or combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Magnetic Memory, Flash Memory, Magnetic or Optical Disk.

电源组件806为电子设备800的各种组件提供电力。电源组件806可以包括电源管理***，一个或多个电源，及其他与为电子设备800生成、管理和分配电力相关联的组件。 Power supply assembly 806 provides power to various components of electronic device 800 . Power supply components 806 may include a power management system, one or more power supplies, and other components associated with generating, managing, and distributing power to electronic device 800 .

多媒体组件808包括在电子设备800和用户之间的提供一个输出接口的屏幕。在一些实施例中，屏幕可以包括液晶显示器(LCD)和触摸面板(TP)。如果屏幕包括触摸面板，屏幕可以被实现为触摸屏，以接收来自用户的输入信号。触摸面板包括一个或多个触摸传感器以感测触摸、滑动和触摸面板上的手势。所述触摸传感器可以不仅感测触摸或滑动动作的边界，而且还检测与所述触摸或滑动操作相关的持续时间和压力。 Multimedia component 808 includes a screen that provides an output interface between electronic device 800 and the user. In some embodiments, the screen may include a liquid crystal display (LCD) and a touch panel (TP). If the screen includes a touch panel, the screen may be implemented as a touch screen to receive input signals from a user. The touch panel includes one or more touch sensors to sense touch, swipe, and gestures on the touch panel. The touch sensor may not only sense the boundaries of a touch or swipe action, but also detect the duration and pressure associated with the touch or swipe action.

音频组件810被配置为输出和/或输入音频信号。例如，音频组件810包括一个麦克风(MIC)，当电子设备800处于操作模式，如记录模式和语音识别模式时，麦克风被配置为接收外部音频信号。所接收的音频信号可以被进一步存储在存储器804或经由通信组件814发送。在一些实施例中，音频组件810还包括一个扬声器，用于输出音频信号。 Audio component 810 is configured to output and/or input audio signals. For example, audio component 810 includes a microphone (MIC) that is configured to receive external audio signals when electronic device 800 is in operating modes, such as recording mode and voice recognition mode. The received audio signal may be further stored in memory 804 or transmitted via communication component 814 . In some embodiments, audio component 810 also includes a speaker for outputting audio signals.

I/O接口812为处理组件802和***接口模块之间提供接口，上述***接口模块可以是键盘，点击轮，按钮等。这些按钮可包括但不限于：音量按钮、启动按钮和锁定按钮。The I/O interface 812 provides an interface between the processing component 802 and a peripheral interface module, which may be a keyboard, a click wheel, a button, or the like. These buttons may include, but are not limited to, volume buttons, start buttons, and lock buttons.

通信组件814被配置为便于电子设备800和其他设备之间有线或无线方式的通信。电子设备800可以接入基于通信标准的无线网络，如WiFi，2G或3G，或它们的组合。在一个示例性实施例中，通信组件814经由广播信道接收来自外部广播管理***的广播信号或广播相关信息。 Communication component 814 is configured to facilitate wired or wireless communication between electronic device 800 and other devices. Electronic device 800 may access wireless networks based on communication standards, such as WiFi, 2G or 3G, or a combination thereof. In one exemplary embodiment, the communication component 814 receives broadcast signals or broadcast related information from an external broadcast management system via a broadcast channel.

在示例性实施例中，电子设备800可以被一个或多个应用专用集成电路(ASIC)、数字信号处理器(DSP)、数字信号处理设备(DSPD)、可编程逻辑器件(PLD)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、控制器、微控制器、微处理器或其他电子元件实现，用于执行上述方法。In an exemplary embodiment, electronic device 800 may be implemented by one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable A programmed gate array (FPGA), controller, microcontroller, microprocessor or other electronic component implementation is used to perform the above method.

本实施例的电子设备，可以用于执行上述方法实施例中的技术方案，其实现原理和技术效果类似，此处不再赘述。The electronic device in this embodiment can be used to execute the technical solutions in the foregoing method embodiments, and the implementation principles and technical effects thereof are similar, and details are not repeated here.

本发明还提供一种可读存储介质，该可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序被执行时，实现如上述任一实施例所述的方法。The present invention also provides a readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored on the readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed, the method described in any of the foregoing embodiments is implemented.

本领域普通技术人员可以理解：实现上述各方法实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成。前述的程序可以存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中。该程序在执行时，执行包括上述各方法实施例的步骤；而前述的存储介质包括：ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above method embodiments may be completed by program instructions related to hardware. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, the steps including the above method embodiments are executed; and the foregoing storage medium includes: ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

根据上述原理，本发明还可以对上述实施方式进行适当的变更和修改。因此，本发明并不局限于上面揭示和描述的具体实施方式，对本发明的一些修改和变更也应当落入本发明的权利要求的保护范围内。此外，尽管本说明书中使用了一些特定的术语，但这些术语只是为了方便说明，并不对本发明构成任何限制。According to the above-mentioned principles, the present invention can also make appropriate changes and modifications to the above-mentioned embodiments. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and changes to the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. In addition, although some specific terms are used in this specification, these terms are only for convenience of description and do not constitute any limitation to the present invention.

Claims

一种电池充电方法，其特征在于，适用于N/P范围为0.5～1.1的锂离子电池，所述N/P为单位面积负极容量与单位面积正极容量的比值，所述方法包括：A battery charging method, characterized in that it is suitable for a lithium-ion battery with an N/P range of 0.5 to 1.1, wherein the N/P is the ratio of the negative electrode capacity per unit area to the positive electrode capacity per unit area, and the method includes:

电源管理***获取所述锂离子电池的健康状态SOH损失；The power management system obtains the state of health SOH loss of the lithium-ion battery;

所述电源管理***根据所述SOH损失、所述锂离子电池的初始充电截止电压和电压校正系数，确定下一次充电的充电截止电压，其中，所述初始充电截止电压是根据所述N/P确定的，所述充电截止电压随充电次数的增多而提高。The power management system determines a charge cut-off voltage for the next charge according to the SOH loss, the initial charge cut-off voltage of the lithium-ion battery, and a voltage correction coefficient, wherein the initial charge cut-off voltage is based on the N/P It is determined that the charge cut-off voltage increases as the number of times of charging increases.
根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述N/P范围为0.8～1.0。The method according to claim 1, wherein the N/P range is 0.8-1.0.
根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述电源管理***根据所述SOH损失、所述锂离子电池的初始充电截止电压和电压校正系数，确定下一次充电的充电截止电压，包括：The method according to claim 1, wherein the power management system determines the charge cut-off voltage for the next charging according to the SOH loss, the initial charge cut-off voltage of the lithium-ion battery, and a voltage correction coefficient, comprising:

所述电源管理***根据以下公式，确定下一次充电的充电截止电压：The power management system determines the charge cut-off voltage for the next charge according to the following formula:

U＝U ₀+ε×ΔSOH U=U ₀ +ε×ΔSOH

其中，U表示下一次充电的充电截止电压，U ₀表示初始充电截止电压，ΔSOH表示SOH损失，ε表示电压校正系数。 Among them, U represents the charge cut-off voltage of the next charge, U ₀ represents the initial charge cut-off voltage, ΔSOH represents the SOH loss, and ε represents the voltage correction coefficient.
根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述电源管理***根据所述SOH损失、所述锂离子电池的初始充电截止电压和电压校正系数，确定下一次充电的充电截止电压之前，还包括：The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the power management system determines the next charge according to the SOH loss, the initial charge cut-off voltage of the lithium ion battery, and a voltage correction coefficient. Before the charge cut-off voltage, it also includes:

所述电源管理***获取所述初始充电截止电压，所述初始充电截止电压是根据所述锂离子电池正极材料单位质量的最大充电容量、正极材料的电压容量微分曲线、安全冗余系数、所述锂离子电池使用的下限截止电压和所述N/P确定的；The power management system obtains the initial charge cut-off voltage, and the initial charge cut-off voltage is based on the maximum charge capacity per unit mass of the positive electrode material of the lithium ion battery, the voltage-capacity differential curve of the positive electrode material, the safety redundancy factor, the The lower limit cut-off voltage used by the lithium-ion battery is determined by the N/P;

和/或，所述电源管理***获取所述电压校正系数，所述电压校正系数是根据所述锂离子电池正极材料单位质量的最大充电容量、正极材料的电压容量微分曲线、电压补偿系数和所述锂离子电池的首次库伦效率确定的。And/or, the power management system obtains the voltage correction coefficient, and the voltage correction coefficient is based on the maximum charging capacity per unit mass of the positive electrode material of the lithium ion battery, the voltage capacity differential curve of the positive electrode material, the voltage compensation coefficient and the The coulombic efficiencies of the lithium-ion batteries described above were determined for the first time.
根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述初始充电截止电压是根据以下公式确定的：The method according to claim 4, wherein the initial charge cut-off voltage is determined according to the following formula:

其中，U ₀表示所述初始充电截止电压，C ₀表示所述锂离子电池正极材料单位质量的最大充电容量，
表示正极材料的电压容量微分曲线，a表示安全冗余系数，U _low表示所述锂离子电池使用的下限截止电压。
Wherein, U ₀ represents the initial charge cut-off voltage, C ₀ represents the maximum charging capacity per unit mass of the positive electrode material of the lithium ion battery,
represents the voltage-capacity differential curve of the positive electrode material, a represents the safety redundancy coefficient, and U _low represents the lower limit cut-off voltage used by the lithium-ion battery.
根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述电压校正系数是根据以下公式确定的：The method according to claim 4, wherein the voltage correction coefficient is determined according to the following formula:

其中，ε表示所述电压校正系数，C ₀表示所述锂离子电池正极材料单位质量的最大充电容量，
表示正极材料的电压容量微分曲线，b表示电压补偿系数，ICE表示所述锂离子电池的首次库伦效率。 Among them, ε represents the voltage correction coefficient, C ₀ represents the maximum charging capacity per unit mass of the positive electrode material of the lithium ion battery,
represents the voltage-capacity differential curve of the positive electrode material, b represents the voltage compensation coefficient, and ICE represents the first coulombic efficiency of the lithium-ion battery.
根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述安全冗余系数大于或等于1，且，所述安全冗余系数小于或等于1.3。The method according to claim 4, wherein the safety redundancy factor is greater than or equal to 1, and the safety redundancy factor is less than or equal to 1.3.
一种电池充电装置，其特征在于，适用于N/P范围为0.5～1.1的锂离子电池，所述N/P为单位面积负极容量与单位面积正极容量的比值，所述装置包括：A battery charging device, characterized in that it is suitable for lithium ion batteries with an N/P range of 0.5 to 1.1, wherein the N/P is the ratio of the negative electrode capacity per unit area to the positive electrode capacity per unit area, and the device comprises:

获取模块，用于获取所述锂离子电池的健康状态SOH损失；an obtaining module for obtaining the SOH loss of the state of health of the lithium-ion battery;

处理模块，用于根据所述SOH损失、所述锂离子电池的初始充电截止电压和电压校正系数，确定下一次充电的充电截止电压，其中，所述初始充电截止电压是根据所述N/P确定的，所述充电截止电压随充电次数的增多而提高。a processing module, configured to determine a charging cut-off voltage for the next charging according to the SOH loss, the initial charging cut-off voltage of the lithium ion battery and a voltage correction coefficient, wherein the initial charging cut-off voltage is based on the N/P It is determined that the charge cut-off voltage increases as the number of times of charging increases.
一种电源管理***，其特征在于，所述电源管理***用于执行如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法。A power management system, characterized in that, the power management system is used to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 .
一种可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序；所述计算机程序被执行时，实现如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法。A readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored on the readable storage medium; when the computer program is executed, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.