WO2022066058A1 - Dispositif de conteneur pour la partie linéaire d'un avertisseur de sécurité à fibre optique - Google Patents

Dispositif de conteneur pour la partie linéaire d'un avertisseur de sécurité à fibre optique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022066058A1
WO2022066058A1 PCT/RU2021/050310 RU2021050310W WO2022066058A1 WO 2022066058 A1 WO2022066058 A1 WO 2022066058A1 RU 2021050310 W RU2021050310 W RU 2021050310W WO 2022066058 A1 WO2022066058 A1 WO 2022066058A1
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Prior art keywords
drum
fiber
detector
optical
optionally
Prior art date
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PCT/RU2021/050310
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Леонид Иванович БРИЗИЦКИЙ
Сергей Львович МЕЛИХОВ
Original Assignee
Акционерное Общество "Институт "Оргэнергострой"
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Priority claimed from RU2020131689A external-priority patent/RU2786483C2/ru
Application filed by Акционерное Общество "Институт "Оргэнергострой" filed Critical Акционерное Общество "Институт "Оргэнергострой"
Publication of WO2022066058A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022066058A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
    • B65D85/02—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for annular articles
    • B65D85/04—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for annular articles for coils of wire, rope or hose
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/181—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using active radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/183—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using active radiation detection systems by interruption of a radiation beam or barrier
    • G08B13/186—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using active radiation detection systems by interruption of a radiation beam or barrier using light guides, e.g. optical fibres

Definitions

  • the invention relates to measuring technology using optical fiber, namely, fiber optic security detectors, as well as products, methods and means related to fiber optic security detectors and their aspects.
  • the device contains a station part, a fiber optic transport cable connected by an optical contact to the reflectometer at one end, and at the other end connected to a splitter used to branch and continue transporting the energy of probing pulses to sensitive parts of the optical circuit of the device, adjusting optical coils, splitters of the transport part of the optical circuit; splitters intended directly for the formation of an optical ring of the sensitive part of the device, and fiber optic end detectors.
  • the branched transport parts of the device into parts of splitters and sections of the transport cable divide the energy of the probing pulse to the required power level in order to ensure the magnitude of the reflection signals from the sensitive part of the optical circuit of the device in the nominal range from the measuring scale of the receiving device, and also deliver the energy of the laser pulse to the place connection of splitters that form optical rings of the sensitive part of the optical circuit of the device and form signals for the return of the probing pulse.
  • the device known from D1 has low immunity from the influence of interference factors, the influence of the drift of the measuring properties of the transceiver, low accuracy in determining the impact on the sensitive element, high installation complexity, including due to the fact that it requires the use of compensation coils in its composition required to compensate for the length of the fibers of the sensing element, uneven sensitivity along the length of the sensing element.
  • D2 From the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2400897 (D2) a drum for fastening couplings with an optical cable loop is known.
  • the drum is a rigid frame made up of elements (9, 10, 11) (round rods, profiles or strips) with a bracket and attachment points (2) for attaching couplings (1).
  • the bracket is made in the form of a plate (3) with flanges (8) and a vertical axis (4) welded into its center; the drum is mounted on the vertical axis (4) and fixed in this way on the bracket.
  • the fastening of the drum on the round concrete support of the overhead power line is carried out using tape clamps fixed in the shoulders made in the plate (3), and the fastening of the drum on the polygonal concrete support (25) is carried out by means of corners in the flat plate of the bracket, in which the studs passing through are fixed support shaft.
  • the device known from D2 is not intended for winding the finished product, which is the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector for the purpose of further transportation of the container and installation of the said linear part on the protected perimeter directly from the container, which complicates the installation process and increases the installation time , the inability to use a vehicle for installation, the inability to use the mechanized method of laying the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector.
  • the method includes the implementation of seven security lines: the first warning line by laying an extended sensitive element in the form of a fiber optic cable; the second warning line, which is performed similarly to the first; the third frontier in the form of an electroshock barrier; the fourth line of protection, which is performed similarly to the first and second; the fifth line of protection - the boundary of the perimeter of the object, which is made in the form of a lattice barrier, while a spiral security barrier and at least one sensitive element are installed on the barrier; the device of the sixth line of protection - the control and trail strip, and the seventh line, which is performed similarly to the first, second and fourth lines.
  • the fifth line will be equipped with means heat and video surveillance, sound notification and lighting, optical alarm sensors are connected to the sensitive element.
  • the barrier known from remote sensing requires the use of a mesh to prevent undermining, and also involves the irrational placement of sensitive elements on the barrier, which reduces the overall effectiveness of perimeter protection, complicates the process of detecting unauthorized access.
  • Cable management tool for simultaneous plowing of the furrow and for directing the cable into it, includes two separate self-powered traction elements, the tool includes: (a) an elongated frame, adjustable in the longitudinal direction and hinged to the rear of the front traction element and to the front end of the rear link to keep the links apart, (b) a protruding arm connected to the side of said frame, (c) a plow shank mounting frame mounted on a bracket, (d) a plow shank mounted on said mounting frame of the plow shank, (f) a cable reel frame mounted on one of the traction elements, (f) a cable guide element mounted on the rear side of the plow shank, and (e) a cable guide element mounted on one of the traction elements located between the cable frame coils and cable guide on the plow shank.
  • the tool known from D4 has a low cable laying speed, and also leads to the formation of cavities in the ground, which reduce the sensitivity of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector.
  • a high-speed secure fiber optic system is known from US5694114 (E5).
  • a high-speed secure fiber optic communication system that includes a coherent signaling system uses a pair of single-mode fiber optic cables in combination with one or more light sources, phase modulators, detectors, and polarization scrambling elements to form a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the phase modulator is actuated such that the oncoming light rays in the Sagnac loop follow a different optical path as they pass through the loop.
  • the two beams are recombined at the center beam splitter of the Sagnac circuit, the two beams interfere with each other, and the data phase modulated onto the light beams by the phase modulator is recovered as amplitude modulation at the output detector.
  • Sagnac interferometer The coherent signaling system applies a relatively low frequency background signal to the Sagnac interferometer and monitors for changes in the background signal that indicate the presence of an intruder.
  • the sensitive part known from D5 does not allow detecting the impact on mobile structures as part of the protected perimeter, which reduces the overall security of the perimeter, and also requires the use of electrical energy in the linear part of the system to determine the impact on the structure.
  • the end fiber optic detector contains a housing with a working body that provides a change in the position of the optical fibers of the sensitive part of the KOI, a sensitive part that is installed in the KOI housing and is connected to the transport part that provides the connection of the KOI to an extensive optical network and the transport of laser pulses in forward and reverse direction.
  • the sensitive part is made of optical fibers and a splitter, the outputs of which are closed to each other by an optical fiber and form a closed loop; the possibility of forming and passing reflection signals.
  • KOI is characterized by the inability to assess the health of the sensor in the state when the flow of the probing pulse is blocked, which, accordingly, reduces the overall security of the protected perimeter, and also reduces the effectiveness of unauthorized access detection.
  • the KOI known from D6 has a complex grip design that prevents simple adjustment, and is also difficult to manufacture.
  • the device known from D2 can be taken as the closest analogue.
  • the technical problem solved by the claimed invention is the creation of a technical tool that does not have the disadvantages of the closest analogue, as well as providing simplification of installation and acceleration of the installation process of the components of a security fiber-optic detector. through the use of the finished product, eliminating the need for welding during installation; providing the possibility of installation using a vehicle; providing the possibility of installation using a mechanized laying method.
  • Another technical problem solved by the claimed invention is the creation of a technical tool that expands the arsenal of technical means - fiber optic security detectors, as well as their aspects and devices for their placement.
  • the technical result achieved by the implementation of the claimed invention is to simplify the installation and speed up the installation process of the components of the security fiber-optic detector through the use of a finished product, eliminating the need for welding during installation; ensuring the possibility of installation using a vehicle; providing the possibility of installation using a mechanized laying method.
  • Another technical result achieved by the implementation of the present invention is the realization of its purpose.
  • a container device for assembling a linear part for a security fiber optic detector, which is a container with a lid containing a base with an axis of rotation on which a rotating drum is fixed, on which a fiber optic cable is wound a linear part of a security fiber-optic detector, and the drum contains a means for fixing the coupling of said linear part on its side walls.
  • FIG. 1-5 show exemplary functional diagrams of the claimed security fiber-optic detectors and interferometers used in their composition.
  • FIG. 6 shows an exemplary general implementation of a container device for assembling the linear part of a fiber-optic security detector.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 show exemplary variants of the claimed fence.
  • FIG. 9 shows an exemplary version of the cable laying method and the cable layer used for its implementation.
  • FIG. 10 shows an exemplary dynamic fiber optic sensor.
  • FIG. 11 and 12 show exemplary fiber optic end sensor designs.
  • FIG. 1-5 show exemplary general schemes of the declared fiber-optic security detectors.
  • the optical design of each controlled zone uses a reflectometric method for measuring interfering reflection signals, including the method of combined interferometers, and contains closed and/or open loops and/or a combination of them, forming reflection signals that have the same sections of the optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the physical impact, and for combined (combined, joint) interferometers, the mentioned phase shift is created, which is the same for both circuits, and preferably, without limitation, at the input splitter, signals with different phase shifts relative to each other are received, and the amplitudes of the signals at the input of the splitters preferably do not change, and the result of signal addition significantly depends on the phase difference or the phase shift of the signals relative to each other by a value from 0 to 2 mt.
  • the optical scheme of each controlled zone is symmetrical with an allowable error, and any of the arms of the optical scheme serves as a sensitive part.
  • the sensitivity of optical rings of closed loops to mechanical impacts is maximum at the beginning of the optical ring in any direction and is significantly insensitive at the farthest end of the optical ring (in the middle of the ring), and the sensitivity of the optical ring gradually decreases from the beginning of the ring to the middle of the sensitive part, with
  • the value of the sum of reflection signals of closed loops depends on the power of the emitter, the magnitude of the branched fraction the energy of the probing pulse, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics (in particular, without limitation, the speed of impact, derivatives, frequency characteristics) of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector.
  • the open circuit of the optical circuit is a two-beam interferometer, while the sensitivity of the optical circuit of open circuits to mechanical stress is the same throughout the sensitive part of the optical circuit, while the sum of the reflection signals depends on the power of the emitter, the magnitude of the branched fraction of the probing energy pulse, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength, the dynamic characteristic of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector.
  • the claimed means allows to determine the place of impact on the structure that exceeds the allowable values, at least with an accuracy of the dimensions of the controlled area and with additional allowable accuracy inside the controlled area using special software, using the ratio of reflection signals of a coordinate-dependent closed loop and/or coordinate-independent open loop.
  • an additional coil of the same optical fiber is installed at the end of the closed loop between the outputs of the closed loop splitter.
  • optical cores of different arms should be used in two different fiber optic cables located on different parts of the barriers and structures, including the possibility of laying one of shoulders of the sensitive part of the optical circuit into the ground.
  • the optical design the detector forms a tree-like structure with at least one reflectometer, including a specialized reflectometer with combined or not combined inputs and outputs, with transport branches laid in different fiber-optic cables in different ways, arriving at the inputs of the optical circuit of the sensitive elements, while providing the possibility of duplication of the transport part of the detector, sensitive elements and station equipment.
  • the optical fibers of the transport part of the detector can partially constructively pass in fiber optic cables with the fibers of the sensitive part of the detector or in separate cables.
  • the addressing and assignment of conditional numbers to the sensitive parts of the detector (controlled areas) is performed by a computing device based on the time of arrival of one or a pair of reflection signals from one or two circuits of the optical circuit of each controlled area.
  • a computing device based on the time of arrival of one or a pair of reflection signals from one or two circuits of the optical circuit of each controlled area.
  • end fiber optic sensors (FOD) with static information about the position of the moving mechanism of the sensor and other controlled areas using other methods of forming a reflectometric response can be connected, subject to the condition of the possibility of separating part of the energy probing pulse without disturbing the operation of existing controlled areas and the conditions for not superimposing in time the reflection signals from the devices on the already existing signals from the controlled areas.
  • devices with different operating principles and optical circuits can be connected to any part of the optical circuit of the detector, using the reflectometric method for measuring low-power reflection signals, subject to the condition of the possibility of separating part of the probing pulse energy without disturbing the operation of existing controlled zones and the condition of not overlapping in time of reflection signals from devices to already existing signals from controlled areas.
  • the collection of information about the magnitude of the returned signals from the controlled areas on the magnitude of the dynamic impact on the barriers and the positions of the working bodies of the RCD is carried out using an information processing device, a reflectometer and a fiber-optic cable network branched on splitters.
  • the range of placement of controlled zones and COD depends on the power of the emitter and the value of the fraction of energy of the probing pulse for each zone and can reach 50,000 m or more in each direction, the number of controlled zones is determined by the required value of the part of the probing pulse energy that is diverted to the controlled zones and COD.
  • the detector can be used in perimeter alarm systems.
  • the detectors can be used in explosive environments, in conditions of 100% humidity, high gas and dust content, when working in water, including sewage, in conditions)* of increased radiation, in conditions that exclude the possibility of using electrical appliances, under conditions of high power electromagnetic interference.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exemplary functional diagram of a security fiber-optic detector, which includes combined
  • the proposed fiber-optic security detector 100 which includes combined interferometers, with reference to FIG. 1 contains at least: a transceiver device 101 containing a computing device and one or more reflectometers, including those with combined outputs
  • the transport part 102 of the detector 100 consists of: fiber optic cable segments, connecting elements, a laser pulse power divider 103, consisting of splitters that reduce the power of the laser energy
  • the sensing elements consist of: a splitter 104 that divides the energy of the probing pulse into two parts, segments 105, 106 of the sensitive elements of the fiber optic cable, splitters 107-110, 112, 113, and the Michelson interferometer is formed jointly by the splitter 04, cable segments 105, 106, interferometer splitters 107, 108 and reflector splitters 112, 113; - reflector 110, optionally with coil 1 1.
  • CORRECTED SHEET (RULE 91) sensitive elements are located in one coupling, and the splitters of interferometers - in another coupling or in several couplings.
  • the splitter-reflectors 112, 113 of the Michelson interferometer can be placed in one other coupler, and the splitter-summer 109 and splitter-reflector 110, optionally with the coil 111 of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, in another other coupler.
  • the transport part contains several branches (at least in terms of the number of controlled zones and the applied optical scheme for dividing the energy of the probing pulse of the divider), which are fed to the input of the corresponding splitter 104 located in the corresponding coupling.
  • splitters 110, 112, 113 may each be implemented with circulators.
  • another optical delay line can be used instead of the coil 111, for example, without being limited, made by connecting the required length of the redundant cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit.
  • Such a fiber optic intrusion detector 100 preferably, but not limited to, operates as follows.
  • a short laser pulse is supplied from the laser source to the optical circuit at the input of the power divider of the transport part of the device, where the pulse power is divided into fractions.
  • the splitter is made of splitters with different degree of division, the location of the splitter of the splitter corresponds to the optical scheme of the device and is not strictly defined.
  • the energy of the probing pulse is separated to the required power level in order to ensure the magnitude of the reflection signals, respectively, of the Michelson interferometer and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer from the sensitive part of the optical circuit of the device in the nominal range of the measuring scale of the receiving device.
  • the time of arrival of interfering signals at the input of the receiving device depends on the speed of propagation of laser radiation in the material of the optical fiber, on the length of the transport part and the length of the sensitive part, including the length of the adjusting coils.
  • the magnitude of the reflection signals, respectively, of the Michelson interferometer and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer depends on the degree signal attenuation in the optical fiber, the degree of energy division of the probing pulse in the transport part of the device, the magnitude of the phase shift of the returned signals of the sensitive part of the device, associated with the difference in the shape and length of the paths of the pulses in the fiber to the place of exposure.
  • the change in the value of the sums of interferometer signals corresponds to the magnitude and nature of the elastic deformation of the sensitive part of the device arising from the dynamic impact of the intruder on the structure on which the sensitive part of the device is fixed.
  • the optical design of each controlled zone uses any method of reflectometric measurement, in any combination, including the method of combined interferometers, including the method of two-beam Michelson and Mach-Zehnder interferometers, and contains, respectively, the contours of the Michelson interferometer and Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the same segments of the optical fibers of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the physical impact.
  • the sensitivity of the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer to mechanical impacts is the same throughout the sensitive part of the optical circuit, the value of the reflection signal depends on the power of the emitter, the initial value of the phase difference, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and characteristics of the impact on sensitive part of the device.
  • the circuit of the optical circuit is an unbalanced two-beam Mach-Zehnder interferometer
  • the method of obtaining signals is reflectometric, for which it is preferable to align the length of the arms of the interferometers with an acceptable error within the duration of the propagation of the probing pulse, and, if necessary, the length of one of the arms is compensated by installing an additional coils from single-mode fiber, or using a serial optical circuit of the required length from the reserve cores of the fiber-optic cable.
  • the probing pulse in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the proposed optical scheme twice separates and adds the interfering signals.
  • the sensitivity of the Michelson interferometer optical circuit to mechanical stress is the same throughout the sensitive part of the optical circuit, the value the reflection signal depends on the power of the emitter, the initial value of the phase difference, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the device.
  • the contour of the optical circuit of the Michelson interferometer is an unbalanced two-beam Michelson interferometer, the method of obtaining signals is reflectometric, for the operation of the interferometer it is also preferable to align the length of the arms of the sensing element with an allowable error.
  • the probing pulse in the Michelson interferometer in the proposed optical scheme produces signal separation on the splitter 104, passage through the fibers of segments 105 and 106 of sensitive elements, separation of signals on the splitters 107 and 108 into fractions of interferometers, reflection on the splitters 112, 113, repeated passage in the opposite direction in sections 105 and 106 and the addition on the splitter 104 when traveling in the opposite direction, forming a combined signal of interfering reflections, which is input to the signal receiver.
  • optical cores of different arms are used in two different fiber optic cables located on different parts of the barriers and structures.
  • addressing and assignment of conditional numbers to sensitive parts of the device (controlled areas) is performed by a computing device based on the time of arrival of two signals, respectively, the Michelson interferometer and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • other sensing elements with a different optical circuit using the reflectometric measurement method in various combinations, as well as end fiber optic sensors with static information can be connected to any part of the optical circuit of the device along the length of the transport part.
  • the described fiber optic security detector 100 which uses combined interferometers, refers to security equipment in which a single-mode fiber optic cable is used as a sensitive element.
  • the described device is intended for zonal organization of security lines.
  • the described device can operate under conditions of increased industrial interference and natural impacts and is designed to protect territories equipped with flexible mesh barriers, with peaks and tops made of reinforced barbed tape, or on barriers equipped with partially flexible and elastic elements, including a tunnel alarm.
  • the proposed device is built using standard typical equipment used in fiber optic technology and special software.
  • the proposed fiber-optic multi-zone signaling device for protecting the perimeters of small and extended objects is based on the use of a highly sensitive effect of the dependence of the phase-polarization, amplitude and frequency characteristics of the magnitude of the returned signals of the Michelson interferometer and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, formed during the passage of part of the energy of the probing laser pulse radiation through the optical fiber in the forward and reverse directions, in the contours of the optical circuit of the device, modulated by the physical effects of the intruder.
  • the proposed device uses a reflectometric method for obtaining reflection signals in order to determine their dynamic properties.
  • the reflection or return signals are applied to the input of the receiving device sequentially and are separated from each other by arrival time.
  • the addressing of the return (reflection) signals from the sensing elements and optical sensors is carried out by a one-to-one correspondence between the distance of the sensing element and the time the reflection signal arrives at the input of the receiving device.
  • the reflections of the Michelson and Mach-Zehnder interferometers should arrive at the input of the receiver at different times, this time is controlled by the length of the sensing element, or by an additional coil, or reserve fibers of the sensing element, or other optical delay line, as described in this document.
  • a fiber-optic security detector which uses combined interferometers, at least containing a station part with a transceiver device connected to the linear part of the mentioned detector, and the linear part is a branched optical circuit based on splitters and a fiber optic cable, which, by means of couplings and a transport cable, interconnect the transceiver device and the sensitive elements of the security fiber optic detector, containing closed and open circuits, forming reflection signals, in which the same segments of the optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created, in accordance with the physical effect, the same for both circuits, and the closed circuit is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and the open the loop is a Michelson interferometer.
  • the reflector splitters of the Michelson interferometer and the combiner splitter and reflector splitter of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer are housed in the same coupler.
  • the reflector splitters of the Michelson interferometer and the combiner splitter and reflector splitter of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer are housed in different couplers.
  • the transceiver is a combined input and output reflectometer.
  • the branched optical circuit contains an optical delay line made by connecting the required length of the redundant cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit, or made in the form of a coil of optical fiber.
  • one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is based on a circulator.
  • the separators of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are based on circulators or splitters.
  • the branched optical circuit is configured to transmit the reflection signals of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer after their reflection in the opposite direction, where they are re-separated and pass through the segments of the sensitive elements in the opposite direction with a change in the phase of the reflection signals, after which the summation of the reflection signals and their interference.
  • the branched optical circuitry is configured to transmit the reflection signals of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer along a separate path to the transceiver without modification.
  • the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Michelson interferometer are two-beam interferometers, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, moreover, the values of the sums of the reflection signals of the contours of the interferometers depend on the power of the emitter, the magnitude of the branched fraction of the energy of the probing pulse, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector, while the Mach interferometer Zehnder and the Michelson interferometer are not balanced, and the lengths of the interferometer arms are aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probing pulse, while the length of one of the arms, if necessary, is compensated by some optical delay line.
  • the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector 100 is declared, which uses combined interferometers, which is a branched optical circuit based on splitters and a fiber-optic cable, which are interconnected by means of couplings and a transport cable.
  • a transceiver and sensitive elements of a security fiber-optic detector containing closed and open circuits that form reflection signals, in which the same segments of the optical fibers of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the exerted physical impact, the same for both loops, with the closed loop being the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the open loop being the Michelson interferometer.
  • the reflector splitters of the Michelson interferometer and the combiner splitter and reflector splitter of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer are housed in the same coupler.
  • the reflector splitters of the Michelson interferometer and the combiner splitter and reflector splitter of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer are housed in different couplers.
  • the transceiver is a combined input and output reflectometer.
  • the branched optical circuit contains an optical delay line made by connecting the required length of the redundant cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit or made in the form of a coil of optical fiber.
  • one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is based on a circulator.
  • the separators of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are based on circulators or splitters.
  • the branched optical circuit is configured to transmit the reflection signals of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer after their reflection in the opposite direction, where they are re-separated and pass through the segments of the sensitive elements in the opposite direction with a change in the phase of the reflection signals, after which the summation of the reflection signals and their interference.
  • the branched optical circuit is configured to transmit the reflection signals of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer along a separate path to the transceiver without modification.
  • the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Michelson interferometer are two-beam interferometers, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the sums of the reflection signals of the interferometer contours depend on the power of the emitter, the magnitude of the branched fraction of the probing pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum of reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector, while the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Michelson interferometer are not balanced, and the lengths of the arms of the interferometers are aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probing pulse, while the length of one of the arms, if necessary, is compensated by some optical delay line.
  • the coupling of the security fiber-optic detector 100 is declared, which includes combined interferometers, which is a coupling in which the optical circuit of the security fiber-optic detector is located, containing elements of closed and open circuits, forming reflection signals, in which the same segments of the optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created, in accordance with the physical effect, the same for both circuits, and the closed circuit is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and the open the loop is a Michelson interferometer.
  • one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is made on the basis of a circulator.
  • the separators of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are based on circulators or splitters.
  • the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Michelson interferometer are two-beam interferometers, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the sums of the reflection signals of the interferometer contours depend on the power of the emitter, the value of the branched fraction of the probing pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum of reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector.
  • the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Michelson interferometer are not balanced, with the lengths of the arms of the interferometers aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probing pulse, with the length of one of the arms compensated if necessary by some optical delay line.
  • the optical delay line is an optical delay line made by connecting the required length of the redundant cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit or made in the form of an optical fiber spool.
  • an optical circuit of a security fiber-optic detector 100 is declared, which includes combined interferometers, which is a combined interferometers for a security fiber-optic detector, implementing an optical circuit containing closed and open circuits that form reflection signals , in which the same segments of the optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which the phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the physical effect, the same for both circuits, and the closed circuit is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and the open circuit is Michelson interferometer.
  • one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is based on a circulator.
  • the separators of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are based on circulators or splitters.
  • the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Michelson interferometer are two-beam interferometers, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the sums of the reflection signals of the interferometer contours depend on the power of the emitter, the magnitude of the branched fraction of the probing energy pulse, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector.
  • the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Michelson interferometer are not balanced, with the lengths of the interferometer arms aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probing pulse, with the length of one of the arms compensated if necessary by some optical delay line.
  • the optical delay line is a hardware delay line made by connecting the required length of the redundant cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit or made in the form of a coil of optical fiber.
  • a signaling method is claimed using a fiber-optic security detector 100 with a linear part with combined interferometers, according to which: provide placement of sensitive elements of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector, which is a branched optical circuit, which, by means of splitters, couplings and a fiber-optic cable, is placed on the elements of the fence (on the visor, and / or on the canvas, and / or on the anti-undermining barrier), a laser pulse is formed from the output of the transceiver device to the input of the mentioned linear part and return pulses are received, which are reflection signals, to the input of the transceiver device along the same path, but in the opposite direction, and the linear part contains an optical circuit of combined interferometers for a security fiber-optic detector, containing closed and open circuits that form si reflection signals, in which the same segments of the optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse
  • the reflector splitters of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the adder splitter and reflector splitter of the Michelson interferometer are placed in the same coupler.
  • reflector splitters the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the splitter-adder and the splitter-reflector of the Michelson interferometer are placed in different couplings.
  • provide a transceiver device which is a reflectometer with a combined input and output.
  • a branched optical circuit is provided, containing an optical delay line, made by connecting the required length of the reserve cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit or made in the form of a coil of optical fiber.
  • one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer based on the circulator is performed.
  • the optical circuit separators of the Michelson interferometer are based on circulators or splitters.
  • a branched optical circuit is performed with the possibility of transmitting the reflection signals of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer after their reflection in the opposite direction, where they are re-separated and they pass through the segments of the sensitive elements in the opposite direction with a change in the phase of the reflection signals, after which the summation of the reflection signals and their interference.
  • a branched optical circuit is provided with the possibility of transmitting reflection signals from the Mach-Zehnder interferometer along a separate path to the transceiver without modification.
  • the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Michelson interferometer t are provided, which are two-beam interferometers, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the sums of the reflection signals of the interferometer contours depend on the power of the emitter, the magnitude of the branched fraction of the energy of the probing pulse, the initial value of the difference the phases of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector, while the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Michelson interferometer are not balanced, and the lengths of the interferometer arms are aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probing pulse, in this case, the length of one of the arms, if necessary, is compensate
  • FIG. 2 shows an exemplary functional diagram of a fiber-optic security detector 200, which uses an open-loop interferometer with two arms (double-beam Michelson interferometer).
  • the proposed fiber optic security detector 200 which uses an open-loop interferometer with two arms (double-beam Michelson interferometer) with reference to FIG. 2 contains at least: a transceiver device 201 containing a computing device and one or more reflectometers, including those with combined outputs of the emitter and signal receiver, to which the transport part 202 of the optical circuit of the detector is connected.
  • the transport part 202 of the detector 200 consists of: fiber optic cable segments, connecting elements, a laser pulse power divider 203, consisting of splitters that reduce the laser pulse energy power in the detector's distributed optical circuit to the required level.
  • the sensing elements consist of: a splitter 204 that divides the energy of the probing pulse into two parts, segments 205, 206 of the sensitive elements of the fiber optic cable, splitters-reflectors 207, 208, and the Michelson interferometer is formed jointly by the splitter 204, cable segments 205 , 206 and reflector splitters 207, 208.
  • splitters 204, 207, 208 can be placed both in one coupling and in different ones.
  • the transport part contains several branches (at least in terms of the number of controlled zones and the applied optical scheme for dividing the energy of the probing pulse of the divider), which are fed to the input of the corresponding splitter 204 located in the corresponding coupling.
  • splitters 207, 208 may each be implemented with circulators.
  • the open loop optical circuit of the Michelson interferometer requires alignment of the length of the arms with an acceptable error, which, if necessary, is compensated by the duration of the probing pulse, or by adjusting the length of one of the arms by installing an additional optical delay line from a single-mode fiber.
  • a coil of single-mode fiber or another optical delay line can be used as an optical delay line, for example, without being limited, made by connecting the required length of redundant cores of a fiber optic cable into an optical circuit.
  • Such a fiber optic security detector 200 preferably, but not limited to, operates as follows.
  • a short laser pulse is supplied from the laser source to the optical circuit at the input of the power divider of the transport part of the device, where the pulse power is divided into fractions.
  • the splitter is made of splitters with different degree of division, the location of the splitter of the splitter corresponds to the optical scheme of the device and is not strictly defined.
  • the division of the probing pulse energy is carried out to the required power level in order to ensure the magnitude of the reflection signals from the two-beam Michelson interferometer of the sensitive part of the optical circuit of the device in the nominal range of the measuring scale of the receiving device.
  • the time of arrival of interfering signals at the input of the receiving device depends on the speed of propagation of laser radiation in the material of the optical fiber, on the lengths of the transport part and the sensitive part, including the length of the control coils.
  • the magnitude of the reflection signals of the Michelson interferometer depends on the degree of signal attenuation in the optical fiber, the degree of energy division of the probing pulse in the transport part of the device, the magnitude of the phase shift of the returned signals of the sensitive part of the device, associated with the difference in the shape and length of the paths of pulses in the fiber to place of impact.
  • the change in the value of the sum of the interferometer signals corresponds to the magnitude and nature of the elastic deformation of the sensitive part of the device arising from the dynamic impact of the intruder on the structure on which the sensitive part of the device is fixed.
  • the optical design of each monitored zone uses any combination of any reflectometric measurement method, including two-beam Michelson interferometers.
  • both optical fiber segments 205 and 206 are sensitive elements of the Michelson interferometer, the impact on which creates the corresponding changes in the phase shift of the probing pulse, which reach the reflectors, optionally made on the splitters 207 and 208, and return back along the same paths in the cable segments of the sensing elements 205 and 206, repeatedly passing the place of impact on the sensing element, reaching the splitter 204, where addition of reflected pulses, their interference and further movement in the opposite direction along the same path of the transport part and the divider to the receiving device.
  • the sensitivity of the optical circuit of the Michelson interferometer to mechanical stress is the same throughout the sensitive part of the optical circuit, the value of the reflection signal depends on the power of the emitter, the degree of division of the energy of the probing pulse, the initial value of the phase difference, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the device.
  • the open-loop optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer is an unbalanced two-beam Michelson interferometer, the method of obtaining signals is reflectometric, for the operation of the interferometer, it is preferable to align the length of the arms of the sensing element with an allowable error.
  • optical cores of different arms are used in two different fiber optic cables located on different parts of the barriers and structures.
  • addressing and assignment of conditional numbers to sensitive parts of the device (controlled areas) is performed by a computing device based on the time of arrival of the Michelson interferometer signal.
  • fiber optic end sensors with static information and other controlled areas using other methods of forming a reflectometric response can be connected.
  • the described fiber optic security detector 200 which uses an open-loop interferometer with two arms (double-beam Michelson interferometer), refers to security equipment in which a single-mode fiber optic cable is used as a sensitive element.
  • the described device is intended for zonal organization of security lines.
  • the described device can operate in conditions of increased industrial interference and natural influences and is designed to protect territories equipped with flexible mesh barriers, with peaks and a top made of reinforced barbed wire. tapes or on barriers equipped with partially flexible and resilient elements, including undermining signaling.
  • the proposed device is built using standard typical equipment used in fiber optic technology and special software.
  • the proposed fiber-optic multi-zone signaling device for protecting the perimeters of small and extended objects is based on the use of a highly sensitive effect of the dependence of the phase-polarization, amplitude and frequency characteristics of the magnitude of the returned signals of the Michelson interferometer, formed during the passage of part of the energy of the probing pulse of laser radiation through the optical fiber in forward and backward directions, in the contours of the optical circuit of the device, modulated by the physical effects of the intruder.
  • the proposed device uses a reflectometric method for obtaining reflection signals in order to determine their dynamic properties.
  • the reflection or return signals are applied to the input of the receiving device sequentially and are separated from each other by arrival time.
  • the addressing of the return (reflection) signals from the sensing elements and optical sensors is carried out by a one-to-one correspondence between the distance of the sensing element and the time the reflection signal arrives at the input of the receiving device.
  • the reflection signals of Michelson interferometers from different sections of the optical scheme should arrive at the input of the receiving device at different times, this time is controlled by the length of the transport part, or by an additional coil, or reserve fibers of the sensing element, or another optical delay line, for example, from reserve fibers transport part, as described in this document.
  • a fiber-optic security detector which uses an open-loop interferometer with two arms, which uses an open-loop interferometer with two arms, at least containing a station part with transceiver device connected to the linear part of the mentioned detector, and the linear part is a branched optical circuit based on splitters and a fiber optic cable, which, by means of connecting couplings and a transport cable interconnect the transceiver and the sensitive elements of the security fiber-optic detector, containing an open circuit that generates reflection signals, in which the optical fiber segments are sensitive elements of the interferometer, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the physical impact, wherein the open loop is a Michelson interferometer.
  • the splitters of the Michelson interferometer are housed in the same coupler.
  • the transceiver is a combined input and output reflectometer.
  • the branched optical circuit contains an optical delay line made by connecting the required length of the redundant cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit or made in the form of a coil of optical fiber.
  • Michelson interferometer splitters are based on circulators or splitters.
  • the Michelson interferometer is a two-beam interferometer, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the value of the sum of the reflection signals of the circuit depends on the power of the emitter, the value of the branched fraction of the probing pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector.
  • the Michelson interferometer is unbalanced, with the lengths of the interferometer arms aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probing pulse, with the length of one of the arms compensated by some optical delay line.
  • the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector 200 is declared, which includes an open-loop interferometer with two arms, which is a branched optical circuit based on splitters and a fiber-optic cable, which, through couplings and transport cable interconnects the transceiver and the sensitive elements of the security fiber-optic detector, containing an open circuit that generates reflection signals, in which the optical fiber segments are sensitive elements of the interferometer, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the rendered physical influence, and the open circuit is a two-beam Michelson interferometer.
  • the splitters of the Michelson interferometer are housed in the same coupler.
  • the transceiver is a combined input and output reflectometer.
  • the branched optical circuit contains an optical delay line made by connecting the required length of the redundant cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit or made in the form of a coil of optical fiber.
  • the separation elements of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are based on circulators or splitters.
  • the Michelson interferometer is a two-beam interferometer, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the value of the sum of the reflection signals of the circuit depends on the power of the emitter, the value of the branched fraction of the probing pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector.
  • the Michelson interferometer is unbalanced, with the lengths of the interferometer arms aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probing pulse, with the length of one of the arms compensated by some optical delay line.
  • the optical delay line is an optical delay line made by connecting the required length of the redundant cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit or made in the form of an optical fiber spool.
  • the coupling of the security fiber-optic detector 200 is declared, which includes an open-loop interferometer with two arms, which is a coupling in which the optical circuit of the security fiber-optic detector is located, containing elements of an open circuit , which generates open-loop reflection signals, in which the optical fiber cable segments are sensitive elements of the interferometer, in which the probing pulse phase shift is created in accordance with the physical impact, and the open loop is a two-beam Michelson interferometer.
  • separating elements of the optical scheme of the interferometer Michelson are made on the basis of circulators or splitters.
  • the Michelson interferometer is a two-beam interferometer, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the value of the sum of the reflection signals of the circuit depends on the power of the emitter, the value of the branched fraction of the probing pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector.
  • the Michelson interferometer is unbalanced, with the lengths of the interferometer arms aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probing pulse, with the length of one of the arms compensated by some optical delay line.
  • the optical delay line is an optical delay line made by connecting the required length of the redundant cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit or made in the form of an optical fiber spool.
  • the optical circuit of the fiber optic security detector 200 is declared, which includes an open-loop interferometer with two arms, which is an open-loop interferometer for the fiber optic security detector, which implements an optical circuit containing an open circuit that forms reflection signals, in which the segments of the optical fiber are sensitive elements of the interferometer, in which the phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the physical impact, and the open circuit is a Michelson interferometer.
  • the separation elements of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are based on circulators or splitters.
  • the Michelson interferometer is a two-beam interferometer, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the value of the sum of the reflection signals of the circuit depends on the power of the emitter, the value of the branched fraction of the probing pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector.
  • the Michelson interferometer is not balanced, moreover, the lengths of the interferometer arms are aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probing pulse, while the length of one of the arms is compensated by some optical delay line.
  • the optical delay line is a hardware delay line made by connecting the required length of the redundant cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit or made in the form of a coil of optical fiber.
  • a signaling method is claimed using a fiber-optic security detector 200 with a linear part with an open interferometer with two arms, according to which: provide placement of sensitive elements of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector, which is a branched optical circuit, which is placed on the elements of the fence (on the visor, and / or the canvas, and / or on the anti-undermining barrier) by means of splitters, couplings and a fiber-optic cable, a laser pulse is formed from the output of the transceiver device to the input of the mentioned linear part and receive the returned pulse, which is a reflection signal, to the input of the transceiver along the same path, but in the opposite direction, and the linear part contains an optical circuit of an open interferometer for a fiber-optic security detector, containing an open loop, forming second reflection signals, in which the segments of the optical fiber are sensitive elements of the interferometer, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance
  • the splitters of the Michelson interferometer are placed in the coupler.
  • a branched optical circuit is provided, containing an optical delay line, made by connecting the required length of the reserve cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit or made in the form of a coil of optical fiber.
  • the separators of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are based on circulators or splitters.
  • a Michelson interferometer which is a two-beam interferometer, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, moreover, the value of the sum of the reflection signals of the circuit depends on the power of the emitter, the value of the branched fraction of the energy of the probing pulse, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector.
  • an unbalanced Michelson interferometer is provided, wherein the lengths of the interferometer arms are aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probing pulse, wherein the length of one of the arms is compensated by some optical delay line.
  • FIG. 3 shows a functional diagram of the controlled zone of a fiber-optic security detector, which includes an interferometer with two arms (two-beam Mach-Zehnder interferometer).
  • the inventive fiber optic security detector 300 which uses a two-arm interferometer (two-beam Mach-Zehnder interferometer) with reference to FIG. 3 contains at least: a transceiver device 301 containing a computing device and one or more reflectometers, including those with combined outputs of the emitter and signal receiver, to which the transport part 302 of the optical circuit of the detector is connected.
  • the transport part 302 of the detector 300 consists of: fiber optic cable segments, connecting elements, a laser pulse power divider 303, consisting of splitters that reduce the laser pulse energy power in the detector's distributed optical circuit to the required level.
  • the sensing elements consist of: a splitter 304 that divides the energy of the probing pulse into two parts, segments 305, 306 of the sensing elements of the fiber optic cable, a splitter of the adder 307 and a reflector splitter 308, and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is formed jointly by the splitter 304, cable lengths 305, 306 and splitters 307, 308.
  • splitters 304, 307, 308 can be placed both in one coupling and in different ones.
  • the transport part contains several branches (at least in terms of the number of controlled zones and the applied optical scheme for dividing the energy of the probing pulse of the divider), which are fed to the input of the corresponding splitter 304 located in the corresponding coupling.
  • splitters 307, 308 may each be implemented with circulators.
  • the branched optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is configured to generate interference signals in the forward direction.
  • the branched optical circuit is configured to reflect back the interference signals generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction, where they are re-separated and pass through the segments of the sensing elements in the opposite direction with a repeated change in the phase of the signals, after which it is provided final addition of reflection signals, their interference and following to the receiving device.
  • the signal generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction is transmitted in a branched optical circuit along a separate path to the transceiver.
  • the length of the arms must be aligned with an acceptable error, which, if necessary, is compensated by the duration of the probing pulse, or by adjusting the length of one of the arms by installing an additional optical delay line from a single-mode fiber.
  • a coil of single-mode fiber or another optical delay line can be used as an optical delay line, for example, without being limited, made by connecting the required length of redundant cores of a fiber optic cable into an optical circuit.
  • Such a fiber optic security detector 300 preferably, but not limited to, operates as follows.
  • a short laser pulse is supplied from the laser source to the optical circuit at the input of the power divider of the transport part of the device, where the pulse power is divided into fractions.
  • the splitter is made of splitters with different degree of division, the location of the splitter of the splitter corresponds to the optical scheme of the device and is not strictly defined.
  • the division of the energy of the probing pulse is carried out to the required power level in order to ensure the magnitude of the reflection signals of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer from the sensitive part of the optical circuit of the device in the nominal range of the measurement scale receiving device.
  • the time of arrival of interfering signals at the input of the receiving device depends on the speed of propagation of laser radiation in the material of the optical fiber, on the length of the transport part and the length of the sensitive part, including the length of the adjusting coils.
  • the magnitude of the reflection signals of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer depends on the degree of signal attenuation in the optical fiber, the degree of energy division of the probing pulse in the transport part of the device, the magnitude of the phase shift of the returned signals of the sensitive part of the device, associated with the difference in the shape and length of the paths of the pulses in fiber to the site of exposure.
  • the change in the value of the sum of the interferometer signals corresponds to the magnitude and nature of the elastic deformation of the sensitive part of the device arising from the dynamic impact of the intruder on the structure on which the sensitive part of the device is fixed.
  • the optical design of each monitored area uses any combination of any reflectometric measurement method, including the double-beam interferometer method, in particular the Mach-Zehnder interferometer method.
  • the same segments of the optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of the interferometer, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the physical impact.
  • the sensitivity of the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer to mechanical impacts is the same throughout the sensitive part of the optical circuit, the value of the reflection signal depends on the power of the emitter, the initial value of the phase difference, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and characteristics of the impact on sensitive part of the device.
  • the contour of the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is an unbalanced two-beam Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the method of obtaining signals is reflectometric, for the operation of the interferometer it is also preferable to align the length of the arms of the sensing element with an allowable error.
  • the probing pulse in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the proposed optical scheme produces signal separation on the splitter 304, passage along the fibers of segments 305 and 306 of sensitive elements, addition and interference of signals on the splitter 307, reflection of signals in the opposite direction on splitter 308, re-passing the signal through the splitter 307, separating the signals and following in the opposite direction in segments 305 and 306 and the final addition on the splitter 304 when traveling in the opposite direction, at the output of the splitter 304, a combined signal of interfering reflections is formed, which is fed further to signal receiver input.
  • optical cores of different arms are used in two different fiber optic cables located on different parts of the barriers and structures.
  • addressing and assignment of conditional numbers to sensitive parts of the device (controlled areas) is performed by a computing device based on the arrival time of the reflection signal of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • fiber optic end sensors with static information and other controlled areas using other methods of forming a reflectometric response can be connected.
  • the described fiber optic security detector 300 which uses a two-arm interferometer, refers to security equipment in which a single-mode fiber optic cable is used as a sensitive element.
  • the described device is intended for zonal organization of security lines.
  • the described device can operate in conditions of increased industrial interference and natural influences and is designed to protect territories equipped with flexible mesh barriers, with peaks and tops made of reinforced barbed tape or on barriers equipped with partially flexible and elastic elements, including a tunnel alarm .
  • the proposed device is built using standard typical equipment used in fiber optic technology and special software.
  • the proposed fiber-optic multi-zone signaling device for protecting the perimeters of small and extended objects is based on the use of a highly sensitive effect of the dependence of the phase-polarization, amplitude and frequency characteristics of the value returned signals of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, formed during the passage of a part of the energy of the probing pulse of laser radiation through the optical fiber in the forward and reverse directions, in the contours of the optical circuit of the device, modulated by the physical effects of the intruder.
  • the proposed device uses a reflectometric method for obtaining reflection signals in order to determine their dynamic properties.
  • the reflection or return signals are applied to the input of the receiving device sequentially and are separated from each other by arrival time.
  • the addressing of the return (reflection) signals from the sensing elements and optical sensors is carried out by a one-to-one correspondence between the distance of the sensing element and the time the reflection signal arrives at the input of the receiving device.
  • the Mach-Zehnder interferometer reflection signals should arrive at the input of the receiver at different times, this time is controlled by the length of the sensing element, or by an additional coil, or spare fibers of the sensing element, or other optical delay line, as described in this document .
  • a fiber-optic security detector which uses a closed-loop interferometer with two arms, at least containing a station part with a transceiver device connected to the linear part of the said detector, the linear part being a branched optical circuit based on splitters and a fiber optic cable, which, by means of couplings and a transport cable, connect the transceiver device and the sensitive elements of the security fiber optic detector, containing a closed a loop that generates reflection signals, in which the optical fiber segments are sensitive elements of the interferometer and create a phase shift of the probing pulse for the loop, and the closed loop is a Mach-Z interferometer ender.
  • the splitters of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer are placed in the coupler.
  • the transceiver is a combined input and output reflectometer.
  • the branched optical circuit contains an optical delay line made by connecting the required length of the reserve cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit or made in the form of a coil of optical fiber.
  • one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is based on a circulator.
  • the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is a two-beam interferometer, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the value of the sum of the reflection signals of the circuit depends on the power of the emitter, the value of the branched fraction of the probing pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector.
  • the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is not balanced, with the lengths of the interferometer arms aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probing pulse, with the length of one of the arms compensated by some optical delay line.
  • the branched optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is configured to generate interference signals in the forward direction.
  • the branched optical circuit is configured to reflect back the interference signals generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction, where they are re-separated and pass through the segments of the sensing elements in the opposite direction with a repeated change in the phase of the signals, after which the final addition of the signals is provided. reflections, their interference and following to the receiving device.
  • the signal generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction is transmitted in a branched optical circuit along a separate path to the transceiver.
  • the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector 300 is declared, which uses an interferometer with two arms, which is a branched optical circuit based on splitters and a fiber-optic cable, which, through couplings and a transport cable interconnecting a transceiver and sensitive elements of a security fiber-optic detector, containing a closed loop, forming reflection signals, in which the segments of the optical fiber are sensitive elements of the interferometer and create a phase shift of the probing pulse for the circuit, and the closed circuit is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the splitters of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer are placed in the coupler.
  • the transceiver is a combined input and output reflectometer.
  • the branched optical circuit contains an optical delay line made by connecting the required length of the redundant cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit or made in the form of a coil of optical fiber.
  • one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is based on a circulator.
  • the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is a two-beam interferometer, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the value of the sum of the reflection signals of the circuit depends on the power of the emitter, the value of the branched fraction of the probing pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change the value of the sum of reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector.
  • the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is not balanced, with the lengths of the interferometer arms aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probing pulse, with the length of one of the arms compensated by some optical delay line.
  • the branched optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is configured to generate interference signals in the forward direction.
  • the branched optical circuit is configured to reflect back the interference signals generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction, where they are re-separated and pass through the segments of the sensing elements in the opposite direction with a repeated change in the phase of the signals, after which the final addition of the signals is provided. reflections, their interference and following to the receiving device.
  • the signal generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction is transmitted in a branched optical circuit along a separate path to the transceiver.
  • the coupling of the security fiber-optic detector 300 is declared, which includes a closed interferometer with two arms, which is a coupling in which the optical circuit of the security fiber-optic detector is located, containing a closed circuit, forming a signal of reflections, in which the segments of the optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of the interferometer, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the physical impact, and the closed loop is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is made on the basis of a circulator.
  • the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is a two-beam interferometer, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the value of the sum of the reflection signals of the circuit depends on the power of the emitter, the value of the branched fraction of the probing pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change the value of the sum of reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector.
  • the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is not balanced, with the lengths of the interferometer arms aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probing pulse, with the length of one of the arms compensated by some optical delay line.
  • the optical delay line is an optical delay line made by connecting the required length of the redundant cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit or made in the form of an optical fiber spool.
  • the optical circuit of the fiber optic security detector 300 is declared, which includes a closed interferometer with two arms, which is a closed interferometer for the fiber optic security detector, which implements an optical circuit containing a closed circuit that forms a reflection signal, in which the same segments of the optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of the interferometer, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the physical effect, and the closed circuit is a Mach-interferometer Zender.
  • one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is based on a circulator.
  • the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is a two-beam interferometer, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the value of the sum of the reflection signals of the circuit depends on the power of the emitter, the value of the branched fraction of the probing pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change the value of the sum of reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector.
  • the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is not balanced, with the lengths of the interferometer arms aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probing pulse, with the length of one of the arms compensated by some optical delay line.
  • the optical delay line is an optical delay line made by connecting the required length of the redundant cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit or made in the form of an optical fiber spool.
  • the branched optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is configured to generate interference signals in the forward direction.
  • the branched optical circuit is configured to reflect back the interference signals generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction, where they are re-separated and pass through the segments of the sensing elements in the opposite direction with a repeated change in the phase of the signals, after which the final addition of the signals is provided. reflections, their interference and following to the receiving device.
  • the signal generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction is transmitted in a branched optical circuit along a separate path to the transceiver.
  • a signaling method is claimed using a fiber optic security detector 300 with a linear part with a closed interferometer with two arms, according to which: provide placement of sensitive elements of the linear part of the fiber optic security detector, which is a branched optical circuit, which is placed on the elements by means of splitters, couplings and a fiber optic cable fences (on a visor, and/or canvas, and/or on an anti-undermining barrier), form a laser pulse from the output of the transceiver device to the input of the mentioned linear part and receive a returned pulse, which is a reflection signal, to the input of the transceiver device along the same path, but in in the opposite direction, and the linear part contains an optical circuit of a closed interferometer for a fiber-optic security detector, containing a closed loop that generates a reflection signal, in which the optical fiber cable segments are sensitive elements of the interferometer, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the exerted
  • the splitters of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer are placed in the coupler.
  • a branched optical circuit is provided, containing a hardware delay line, made by connecting the required length of the reserve cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit or made in the form of a coil of optical fiber.
  • one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer based on the circulator is performed.
  • a Mach-Zehnder interferometer which is a two-beam interferometer, the sensitivity of which to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the value of the sum of the reflection signals of the circuit depends on the power of the emitter, the value of the branched fraction of the probing pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector.
  • an unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer wherein the lengths of the interferometer arms are aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probing pulse, while the length of one of the arms is compensated by some optical delay line.
  • the branched optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is configured to generate interference signals in the forward direction.
  • the branched optical circuit is configured to reflect back the interference signals generated Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction, where they are re-separated and they pass through segments of sensitive elements in the opposite direction with a repeated change in the phase of the signals, after which the final addition of the reflection signals is ensured, their interference and following to the receiving device.
  • the signal generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction is transmitted in a branched optical circuit along a separate path to the transceiver.
  • FIG. 4 shows a functional diagram of a security fiber-optic detector, which includes combined interferometers.
  • the proposed fiber-optic security detector 400 which uses combined interferometers, with reference to FIG. 4, contains at least: a transceiver device 401 containing a computing device and one or more reflectometers, including those with combined outputs of the emitter and signal receiver, to which the transport part 402 of the optical circuit of the detector is connected.
  • the transport part 402 of the detector 400 consists of: fiber optic cable segments, connecting elements, a laser pulse power divider 403, consisting of splitters that reduce the laser pulse energy power in the detector's distributed optical circuit to the required level.
  • the sensing elements consist of: a splitter 404 that divides the energy of the probing pulse into two parts, segments 405, 406 of the sensitive elements of the fiber optic cable, splitters 407-410, and the Sagnac interferometer is formed jointly by the splitter 404, cable segments 405, 406 , splitters 407, 408, coil 411 , the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is formed together by a splitter 404, cable lengths 405, 406, a splitter-summer 409 and a splitter-reflector 410.
  • the splitter 404 and the ends of the sensing cable segments are placed in one coupling, and the splitters of the interferometers - in another coupling or in several couplings.
  • the Sagnac splitters 407, 408 may be placed in one other coupler, and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer splitter-adder 409 and splitter-reflector 410 in another other coupler.
  • the transport part contains several branches (at least in terms of the number of controlled zones and the applied optical scheme for dividing the energy of the probing pulse of the divider), which are fed to the input of the corresponding splitter 404, located in the corresponding coupling.
  • any optical delay line 411 can be used as part of the fiber optic security detector 400, for example, without being limited, made by connecting the required length of the reserve cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit, or made in the form optical fiber reels.
  • Such a fiber optic security detector 400 preferably, but not limited to, operates as follows.
  • a short laser pulse is supplied from the laser source to the optical circuit at the input of the power divider of the transport part of the device, where the pulse power is divided into fractions.
  • the splitter is made of splitters with different degree of division, the location of the splitter of the splitter corresponds to the optical scheme of the device and is not strictly defined.
  • the energy of the probing pulse is separated to the required power level in order to ensure the magnitude of the reflection signals, respectively, of the Sagnac interferometer and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer from the sensitive part of the optical circuit of the device in the nominal range of the measuring scale of the receiving device.
  • the time of arrival of interfering signals at the input of the receiving device depends on the speed of propagation of laser radiation in the material of the optical fiber, on the length of the transport part and the length of the sensitive part, including the length of the adjusting coils.
  • the magnitude of the reflection signals, respectively, of the Sagnac interferometer and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer depends on the degree of signal attenuation in the optical fiber, the degree of energy division of the probing pulse in the transport part of the device, the magnitude of the phase shift of the returning signals of the sensitive part of the device associated with the shape difference and the length of the paths of impulses in the fiber to the place of exposure.
  • the change in the value of the sums of the signals of the interferometers corresponds to the magnitude and nature of the elastic deformation of the sensitive part of the device arising from the dynamic impact of the intruder on the structure on which the sensitive part of the device is fixed.
  • the optical design of each monitored area uses any reflectometric measurement method, in any combination, including the method of combined interferometers, including the method of two-beam Sagnac and Mach-Zehnder interferometers, and contains, respectively, the contours of the Sagnac interferometer and Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the same segments of the optical fibers of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the physical impact.
  • the sensitivity of the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer to mechanical impacts is the same throughout the sensitive part of the optical circuit, the value of the reflection signal depends on the power of the emitter, the initial value of the phase difference, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and characteristics of the impact on sensitive part of the device.
  • the circuit of the optical circuit is an unbalanced two-beam Mach-Zehnder interferometer
  • the method of obtaining signals is reflectometric, for which it is preferable to align the length of the arms of the interferometers with an acceptable error within the duration of the propagation of the probing pulse, and, if necessary, the length of one of the arms is compensated by installing an additional coils from single-mode fiber, or using a serial optical circuit of the required length from the reserve cores of the fiber-optic cable.
  • the probing pulse in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the proposed optical scheme twice separates and adds the interfering signals.
  • the sensitivity of the optical design of the Sagnac interferometer to mechanical impacts is maximum at the beginning of the optical ring (from the side of the splitter 404) in any direction and is significantly insensitive at the farthest end of the optical ring (in the middle of the ring on the coil 411), and the sensitivity of the optical ring gradually decreases from the beginning of the ring to the middle of the ring of the sensitive part, the value of the sum of interfering reflection signals depends on the power of the emitter, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum of interfering reflection signals depends on the location, strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the Sagnac interferometer.
  • the output signals of the reflections of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Sagnac interferometer are formed at the output of the splitter 404 in the opposite direction with a time delay determined by the length of the optical delay line 411 (coil 411 or other optical delay line) installed in the optical ring of the Sagnac interferometer.
  • an adjusting coil 411 is installed, the length of which is calculated based on the condition: the signal delay time must not be less than the duration of the probing pulse.
  • another optical delay line can be used instead of the coil 411, for example, without being limited to one made by connecting the required length of redundant fiber optic cable cores into an optical circuit.
  • optical cores of different arms are used in two different fiber optic cables located on different parts of the barriers and structures.
  • the addressing and assignment of conditional numbers to sensitive parts of the device (controlled areas) is performed by a computing device based on the time of arrival of two signals, respectively, the Sagnac interferometer and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • sensing elements with a different optical circuit using the reflectometric measurement method in various combinations can be connected to any part of the optical circuit of the device along the length of the transport part.
  • the described fiber optic security detector 400 which uses combined interferometers, refers to technical security equipment in which a single-mode fiber optic cable is used as a sensitive element.
  • the described device is intended for zonal organization of security lines.
  • the described device can operate in conditions of increased industrial interference and environmental influences and designed to protect areas equipped with flexible mesh barriers, with canopies and finials made of reinforced barbed tape or on barriers equipped with partially flexible and elastic elements, including digging signaling.
  • the proposed device is built using standard typical equipment used in fiber optic technology and special software.
  • the proposed fiber-optic multi-zone signaling device for protecting the perimeters of small and extended objects is based on the use of a highly sensitive effect of the dependence of the phase-polarization, amplitude and frequency characteristics of the magnitude of the returned signals of the Sagnac interferometer and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, formed during the passage of part of the energy of the probing laser pulse radiation through the optical fiber in the forward and reverse directions, in the contours of the optical circuit of the device, modulated by the physical effects of the intruder.
  • the proposed device uses a reflectometric method for obtaining reflection signals in order to determine their dynamic properties and localize the impact site within the controlled area.
  • the reflection or return signals are applied to the input of the receiving device sequentially and are separated from each other by arrival time.
  • the addressing of the return (reflection) signals from the sensing elements and optical sensors is carried out by a one-to-one correspondence between the distance of the sensing element and the time the reflection signal arrives at the input of the receiving device.
  • the reflections of the Sagnac and Mach-Zehnder interferometers should arrive at the input of the receiving device at different times, this time being controlled by the length of the sensing element, or by an additional coil, or spare sensing element fibers, or other optical delay line, as described in this document.
  • a fiber-optic security detector 400 which uses combined interferometers
  • a fiber-optic security detector which uses combined interferometers, at least containing a station part with a transceiver device connected to the linear part of the mentioned detector, and the linear part is a branched optical circuit based on splitters and a fiber optic cable, which, by means of couplings and a transport cable, interconnect the transceiver and sensitive elements of the security fiber optic detector, containing closed circuits that form reflection signals , in which the same segments of the optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the physical effect, the same for both circuits, with one closed circuit being a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and the other closed circuit is a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the adder splitter and reflector splitter of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the splitters of the Sagnac interferometer are housed in the same coupler.
  • the adder splitter and reflector splitter of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the splitters of the Sagnac interferometer are located in different couplings.
  • the transceiver is a combined input and output reflectometer.
  • the branched optical circuit contains an optical delay line made by connecting the required length of the redundant cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit, or made in the form of a coil of optical fiber.
  • one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is based on a circulator.
  • the branched optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is configured to generate interference signals in the forward direction.
  • the branched optical circuit is configured to reflect back the interference signals generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction, where they are re-separated and pass through the segments of the sensing elements in the opposite direction with a repeated change in the phase of the signals, after which the final addition of the signals is provided. reflections, their interference and following to the receiving device.
  • the signal generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction is transmitted in a branched optical circuit along a separate path to the transceiver.
  • the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Sagnac interferometer are two-beam interferometers, moreover, the sensitivity of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer to mechanical impacts is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the sensitivity of the optical scheme of the Sagnac interferometer to mechanical impacts is maximum at the beginning of the optical ring of any direction and is significantly insensitive at the farthest end of the optical ring (in the middle of the ring), and the sensitivity of the optical ring gradually decreases from the beginning of the ring to the middle of the ring of the sensitive part, and the sums of the reflection signals of the contours of the interferometers depend on the power of the emitter, the magnitude of the branched fraction of the probing pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength, dynamic characteristic of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector and for the Sagnac interferometer - from the place of impact on the sensitive part of the detector,
  • the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector 400 is declared, which uses combined interferometers, which is a branched optical circuit based on splitters and a fiber-optic cable, which are connected by means of couplings and a transport cable between is a transceiver and sensitive elements of a security fiber-optic detector, containing closed circuits that form reflection signals, in which the same segments of the optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the physical impact, the same for both loops, with one closed loop being the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the other closed loop being the Sagnac interferometer.
  • the splitter-adder and splitter-reflector of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the splitters of the Sagnac interferometer are located in the same coupling.
  • the splitter-summer and splitter-reflector of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the splitters of the Sagnac interferometer are placed in different couplings.
  • the transceiver is a combined input and output reflectometer.
  • the branched optical circuit contains an optical delay line made by connecting the required length of the redundant cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit, or made in the form of a coil of optical fiber.
  • one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is based on a circulator.
  • the branched optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is configured to generate interference signals in the forward direction.
  • the branched optical circuit is configured to reflect back the interference signals generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction, where they are re-separated and pass through the segments of the sensing elements in the opposite direction with a repeated change in the phase of the signals, after which the final addition of the signals is provided. reflections, their interference and following to the receiving device.
  • the signal generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction is transmitted in a branched optical circuit along a separate path to the transceiver.
  • the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Sagnac interferometer are two-beam interferometers, and the sensitivity of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer to mechanical impacts is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the sensitivity of the optical scheme of the Sagnac interferometer to mechanical impacts is maximum at the beginning of the optical ring of any direction and significantly is insensitive at the farthest end of the optical ring (in the middle of the ring), and the sensitivity of the optical ring gradually decreases from the beginning of the ring to the middle of the ring of the sensitive part, and the sums of the reflection signals of the interferometer contours depend on the power of the emitter, the value of the branched fraction of the probing pulse energy, the initial value of the difference phases of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength, the dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector and for the Sagnac interferometer - o m of the impact point on the sensitive part of the
  • the coupling of the security fiber-optic detector 400 is declared, which includes combined interferometers, which is a coupling in which the optical circuit of the security fiber-optic detector is located, containing elements of closed circuits that form signals reflections, in which the same segments of the optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the physical effect, the same for both circuits, with one closed circuit being a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and the other closed the contour is a Sagnac interferometer.
  • one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is based on a circulator.
  • the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Sagnac interferometer are two-beam interferometers, and the sensitivity of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the sensitivity of the optical scheme of the Sagnac interferometer to mechanical influences is maximum at the beginning of the optical ring of any direction and is significantly insensitive at the farthest end of the optical ring (in the middle of the ring), and the sensitivity of the optical ring gradually decreases from the beginning of the ring to the middle of the ring of the sensitive part, and the sums of the reflection signals of the interferometer contours depend on the power of the emitter, the value of the branched fraction of the probing pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum of reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector.
  • the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is not balanced, with the lengths of the arms of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probing pulse, with the length of one of the arms, if necessary, compensated by any optical delay line.
  • the optical delay line is an optical delay line made by connecting the required length of redundant wires into an optical circuit. fiber optic cable or made in the form of a coil of optical fiber.
  • the optical circuit of the fiber optic security detector 400 is declared, which includes combined interferometers, which are combined interferometers for the fiber optic security detector, implementing an optical circuit containing closed loops that form reflection signals, in which the same segments of the optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the physical effect, the same for both circuits, with one closed circuit being a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and the other closed circuit representing a Sagnac interferometer.
  • one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is based on a circulator.
  • the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the Sagnac interferometer are two-beam interferometers, and the sensitivity of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer to mechanical impacts is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the sensitivity of the optical scheme of the Sagnac interferometer to mechanical impacts is maximum at the beginning of the optical ring of any direction and significantly is insensitive at the farthest end of the optical ring (in the middle of the ring), and the sensitivity of the optical ring gradually decreases from the beginning of the ring to the middle of the ring of the sensitive part, and the sums of the reflection signals of the interferometer contours depend on the power of the emitter, the value of the branched fraction of the probing pulse energy, the initial value of the difference phases of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector.
  • the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is not balanced, with the lengths of the arms of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probing pulse, with the length of one of the arms, if necessary, compensated by any optical delay line.
  • the optical delay line is an optical delay line made by connecting the required length of redundant wires into an optical circuit. fiber optic cable or made in the form of a coil of optical fiber.
  • a signaling method is claimed using a fiber-optic security detector 400 with a linear part with combined interferometers, according to which: provide placement of sensitive elements of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector, which is a branched optical circuit , which by means of splitters, couplings and a fiber-optic cable is placed on the elements of the fence (on the visor, and / or on the canvas, and / or on the anti-undermining barrier), a laser pulse is formed from the output of the transceiver device to the input of the mentioned linear part and return pulses are received , which are reflection signals, to the input of the transceiver along the same path, but in the opposite direction, and the linear part contains an optical circuit of combined interferometers for a security fiber-optic detector, containing closed loops that form reflection signals, in which the same segments of the optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance
  • the splitter-adder and splitter-reflector of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the splitters of the Sagnac interferometer are placed in the same coupling.
  • the splitter-adder and splitter-reflector of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the splitters of the Sagnac interferometer are placed in different couplings.
  • the transceiver is a combined input and output reflectometer.
  • one of the splitters of the optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is based on a circulator.
  • the branched optical scheme of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is configured to generate interference signals in the forward direction.
  • the branched optical circuit is configured to reflect back the signals interference generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction, where they are re-separated and they pass through the segments of the sensitive elements in the opposite direction with a repeated change in the phase of the signals, after which the final summation of the reflection signals is ensured, their interference and following to the receiving device.
  • the signal generated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the forward direction is transmitted in a branched optical circuit along a separate path to the transceiver.
  • a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and provide a Sagnac interferometer, which are two-beam interferometers, and the sensitivity of the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer to mechanical influences is the same throughout the sensitive part, and the sensitivity of the optical circuit of the Sagnac interferometer to mechanical influences is maximum at the beginning of the optical ring of any direction and is significantly insensitive at the farthest end of the optical ring (in the middle of the ring), and the sensitivity of the optical ring gradually decreases from the beginning of the ring to the middle of the ring of the sensitive part, and the sums of the reflection signals of the interferometer contours depend on the power of the emitter, the value of the branched fraction of the probing pulse energy, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength, the dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector, etc.
  • the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is not balanced, and the lengths of the arms of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer are aligned with an allowable error depending on the duration of the laser probing pulse, while the length of one of the arms is compensated if necessary any optical delay line.
  • FIG. 5 shows an exemplary functional diagram of a security fiber-optic detector, which includes joint interferometers.
  • the proposed fiber optic security detector 500 which uses joint interferometers with reference to FIG. 5, contains at least: a transceiver device 501 containing a computing device and one or more reflectometers, including those with combined outputs of the emitter and signal receiver, to which the transport part 502 is connected optical scheme of the detector.
  • the transport part 502 of the detector 500 consists of: fiber optic cable segments, connecting elements, a laser pulse power divider 503, consisting of splitters that reduce the laser pulse energy power in the detector's distributed optical circuit to the required level.
  • the sensing elements consist of: a splitter 504 that divides the energy of the probing pulse into two parts, segments 505, 506 of the sensitive elements of the fiber optic cable, splitters 507-510, and the Michelson interferometer is formed jointly by a common splitter 504, common segments of the sensitive cable elements 505 and 506, common splitters-separators 507, 508 and splitters-reflectors 509, 510;
  • the splitters 504-510 are housed in one or more couplers.
  • the elements of the Michelson and Sagnac interferometers can be placed in the same or in different couplings, on one side or on both sides of the segments 505, 506 of the sensing elements.
  • the transport part contains several branches (at least in terms of the number of controlled zones and the applied optical scheme for dividing the energy of the probing pulse of the divider), which are fed to the input of the corresponding splitter 504 located in the corresponding coupling.
  • splitters 509, 510 may each be implemented with circulators.
  • another optical delay line can be used instead of the coil 511, for example, without being limited to one made by connecting the required length of redundant fiber optic cable cores into an optical circuit.
  • Such a fiber optic security detector 500 preferably, but not limited to, operates as follows.
  • a short laser pulse is supplied from the laser source to the optical circuit at the input of the transport part of the device and then at the input of the power divider, the pulse power is divided into fractions at the divider.
  • the divider is made of splitters with different degrees of division, the location splitter divider corresponds to the optical scheme of the device and is not strictly defined.
  • the energy of the probing pulse is separated to the required power level in order to ensure the magnitude of the reflection signals, respectively, of the Michelson interferometer and the Sagnac interferometer from the sensitive part of the optical circuit of the device in the nominal range of the measurement scale of the receiving device.
  • the time of arrival of interfering signals at the input of the receiving device depends on the speed of propagation of laser radiation in the optical fiber material, on the length of the transport part and the length of the sensitive part, including the length of the adjusting coils.
  • the magnitude of the reflection signals, respectively, of the Michelson interferometer and the Sagnac interferometer depends on the degree of signal attenuation in the optical fiber, the degree of energy division of the probing pulse in the transport part of the device, the magnitude of the phase shift of the returned signals of the sensitive part of the device associated with the difference in shape and length paths of impulses in the fiber to the place of impact.
  • the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector, arising from the dynamic impact of the intruder on the structure on which the sensitive part of the device is fixed.
  • the optical design of each monitored zone uses any reflectometric measurement method, in any combination, including the method of two-beam interferometers, including Michelson interferometer and Sagnac interferometer methods, and contains, respectively, a Michelson interferometer loop and a Sagnac interferometer loop.
  • the same segments of the optical fiber of the cable are simultaneously sensitive elements of both interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the physical impact, the same for both circuits.
  • the sensitivity of the optical design of the Sagnac interferometer to mechanical impacts is maximum at the beginning of the optical ring (from the side of the splitter 504) in any direction and is significantly insensitive at the farthest end of the optical ring (in the middle of the ring on the coil 511), and the sensitivity of the optical ring gradually decreases from the beginning of the ring to the middle of the ring of the sensitive part, the value of the sum of the signals reflection depends on the power of the emitter, the initial value of the phase difference of the returned signals and the place of impact, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector.
  • the sensitivity of the optical circuit of the Michelson interferometer to mechanical impacts is the same throughout the sensitive part of the optical circuit, the value of the reflection signal depends on the power of the emitter, the initial value of the phase difference, and the change in the value of the sum of the reflection signals depends on the strength and dynamic characteristics of the impact on the sensitive part of the detector.
  • the open circuit of the optical circuit of the Michelson interferometer is an unbalanced two-beam Michelson interferometer, the method of obtaining signals is reflectometric, for the operation of the interferometer, preferably, without limitation, it is necessary to align the length of the arms of the sensing element with an allowable error determined by the width of the probing pulse.
  • a splitter 504 common to two interferometers splits the probing pulse power into two directions into different fiber optic cables 505 and 506, forming a common sensing element of the device.
  • the second ends of the cable of sensitive elements are connected to splitters 507 and 508 to separate the paths of the parts of the probing pulse to the reflectors of the open two-beam Michelson interferometer (to splitters 509, 510 with closed optical outputs forming a reflector) and to form a closed ring of the Sagnac interferometer (closed leads between splitters 507 and 508 with coil 511).
  • the output signal of the Michelson interferometer and the Sagnac interferometer is generated at the output of the splitter 504 in series according to the delay set between the interferometers.
  • an adjusting coil 511 is installed, the length of which is calculated based on the condition: the signal delay time must not be less than the duration of the probing pulse.
  • another optical delay line can be used instead of the coil 511, for example, without being limited to one made by connecting the required length of redundant fiber optic cable cores into an optical circuit.
  • a control coil is installed in the shorter arm of the open loop, eliminating the significant difference in the lengths of the arms of the Michelson interferometer.
  • another optical delay line can also be used, for example, without being limited, made by connecting the required length of redundant cores of a fiber optic cable into an optical circuit.
  • an additional coil from the same optical fiber or other hardware delay line is installed in one of the loops, as described in this document.
  • addressing and assignment of conditional numbers to sensitive parts of the device (controlled areas) is performed by the computing device based on the time of arrival of two signals, respectively, the Michelson interferometer and the Sagnac interferometer.
  • fiber optic end sensors with static information and other controlled areas using other methods of forming a reflectometric response can be connected.
  • the described fiber optic security detector 500 which uses joint interferometers, refers to technical security equipment in which a single-mode fiber optic cable is used as a sensitive element.
  • the described device is intended for zonal organization of security lines.
  • the described device can operate in conditions of increased industrial interference and natural influences and is designed to protect territories equipped with flexible mesh barriers, with peaks and tops made of reinforced barbed tape or on barriers equipped with partially flexible and elastic elements, including a tunnel alarm .
  • the proposed device is built using standard typical equipment used in fiber optic technology and special software.
  • the proposed device allows you to determine the location of the impact on the structure that exceeds the allowable values, at least with an accuracy up to the size of the controlled area and with additional allowable accuracy inside controlled area using software, using the ratio of reflection signals of a coordinate-dependent closed loop (Sagnac interferometer) and a coordinate-independent open loop (Michelson interferometer).
  • additional coils of the same optical fiber or other hardware delay lines are installed at the end of a closed loop or in both legs of an open loop, as described herein.
  • optical cores of different arms are used in two different fiber optic cables located on different parts of barriers and structures.
  • the optical fibers of the transport part of the partial device are constructed in fiber optic cables with the fibers of the sensitive part of the device or in separate cables.
  • the optical fibers of the sensitive part of the device are simultaneously delay lines for the probing pulse and must be at least a specified length, while for controlled zones, the dimensions of which are less than the required length, compensation coils or the length of the fibers of the sensitive element are sequentially installed in the optical circuit of the sensitive elements.
  • element is increased by serially connecting redundant fiber optic cable strands in both arms of the sensing element (as done with reference to the hardware delay lines described in this document).
  • a fiber-optic security detector in which joint interferometers are used, a fiber-optic security detector is declared, in which joint interferometers are used, at least containing a station part with a transceiver device connected to a linear part of the mentioned detector, and the linear part is a branched optical circuit based on splitters and a fiber optic cable, which, by means of couplings and a transport cable, interconnect the transceiver and sensitive elements of the security fiber optic detector, containing closed and open circuits that form signals reflections, in which the same segments of the optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the physical impact, is the same th for both loops, with the closed loop being the Sagnac interferometer and the open loop being the Michelson interferometer.
  • the splitters of the Sagnac interferometer and the splitters of the reflectors of the Michelson interferometer are housed in the same coupler.
  • the splitters of the Sagnac interferometer and the splitters of the reflectors of the Michelson interferometer are located in different couplings.
  • the transceiver is a combined input and output reflectometer.
  • the branched optical circuit contains an optical delay line made by connecting the required length of the redundant cores of the optical fiber cable or optical fiber reel into an optical circuit.
  • the reflector splitters of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are based on circulators or splitters.
  • optical delay lines are installed at the end of the closed loop or both legs of the open loop.
  • an optical delay line is installed in one of the loops.
  • the optical fibers of the sensitive part of the device are at the same time delay lines for the probing pulse and are made not less than a predetermined length, while for controlled zones, the dimensions of which are less than the required length, optical delay lines are sequentially installed in the optical circuit of the sensitive elements.
  • the detector is configured to determine the location of impact on the structure that exceeds the allowable values, at least with an accuracy up to the size of the controlled area and with additional allowable accuracy within the controlled area using software, using the ratio of reflection signals of a coordinate-dependent closed loop (interferometer Sagnac) and a coordinate-independent open loop (Michelson interferometer).
  • the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector 500 is declared, which uses joint interferometers, which is a branched optical circuit based on splitters and a fiber-optic cable, which are connected by means of couplings and a transport cable between a transceiver and sensitive elements of a security fiber-optic detector, containing closed and open circuits, forming reflection signals, in which the same segments of the optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which a phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the physical effect, the same for both circuits, and the closed circuit is a Sagnac interferometer, and the open circuit is a Michelson interferometer.
  • joint interferometers which is a branched optical circuit based on splitters and a fiber-optic cable, which are connected by means of couplings and a transport cable between a transceiver and sensitive elements of a security fiber-optic detector, containing closed and open circuits, forming reflection signals, in which the same segments of the optical fiber
  • the splitters of the Sagnac interferometer and the splitters of the reflectors of the Michelson interferometer are housed in the same coupler.
  • the splitters of the Sagnac interferometer and the splitters of the reflectors of the Michelson interferometer are located in different couplings.
  • the branched optical circuit contains an optical delay line made by connecting the required length of the redundant cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit or made in the form of a coil of optical fiber.
  • the splitters of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are based on circulators or splitters.
  • Optical delay lines are optionally installed at the end of the closed loop or both arms of the open loop.
  • an optical delay line is installed in one of the loops.
  • the optical fibers of the sensitive part of the device are at the same time delay lines for the probing pulse and are made not less than a predetermined length, while for controlled zones, the dimensions of which are less than the required length, optical delay lines are sequentially installed in the optical circuit of the sensitive elements.
  • the coupling of the security fiber-optic detector 500 is declared, which includes joint interferometers, which is a coupling in which the optical circuit of the security fiber-optic detector is located, containing closed and open circuits that form reflection signals, in which the same segments of the optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which the phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the physical effect, the same for both circuits, and the closed circuit is a Sagnac interferometer, and the open circuit is Michelson interferometer.
  • the optical circuit contains an optical delay line made by connecting the required length of the reserve cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit or made in the form of a coil of optical fiber.
  • the splitters of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are based on circulators or splitters.
  • Optical delay lines are optionally installed at the end of the closed loop or both arms of the open loop.
  • an optical delay line is installed in one of the circuits.
  • the optical circuit of the fiber optic security detector 500 is declared, which uses joint interferometers, which is joint interferometers for the fiber optic security detector, implementing an optical circuit containing closed and open circuits that form signals reflections, in which the same segments of the optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which the phase shift of the probing pulse is created in accordance with the physical impact, the same for both circuits, with the closed circuit being the Sagnac interferometer, and the open circuit being the interferometer Michelson.
  • the splitter splitters of the Sagnac interferometer and the splitters of the reflectors of the Michelson interferometer are housed in the same coupler.
  • the splitters of the Sagnac interferometer and the splitters of the reflectors of the Michelson interferometer are located in different couplings.
  • the optical circuit contains an optical delay line made by connecting the required length of the reserve cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit or made in the form of a coil of optical fiber.
  • the splitters of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are based on circulators or splitters.
  • optical delay lines are installed at the end of the closed loop or both legs of the open loop.
  • an optical delay line is installed in one of the loops.
  • a signaling method using a detector 500 of a security fiber optical with a linear part with joint interferometers according to which: they provide the placement of sensitive elements of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector, which is a branched optical circuit, which is placed on the elements of the fence (on the visor, and/or the canvas, and/or on the anti-undermining barrier), a laser pulse is formed from the output of the transceiver device to the input of the said linear part and a returned pulse, which is a reflection signal, is received at the input of the transceiver device along the same path, but in the opposite direction, and the linear part contains an optical circuit of joint interferometers for a security fiber-optic detector, containing closed and open circuits that form reflection signals, in which the same segments of the optical fiber of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers, in which the phase shift of the probing pulse is set in accordance with the physical impact, the same for both circuits, and the closed circuit
  • the splitter splitters of the Sagnac interferometer and the splitters of the reflectors of the Michelson interferometer are placed in the same coupling.
  • the splitters of the Sagnac interferometer and the splitters of the reflectors of the Michelson interferometer are placed in different couplings.
  • provide a transceiver device which is a reflectometer with a combined input and output.
  • a branched optical circuit is performed containing an optical delay line, made by connecting the required length of the reserve cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit or made in the form of a coil of optical fiber.
  • the splitters of the optical scheme of the Michelson interferometer are based on circulators or splitters.
  • optical delay lines are installed at the end of the closed loop or both arms of the open loop.
  • an optical delay line is installed in one of the loops.
  • optical fibers provide sensitive parts of the device that are simultaneously delay lines for the probing pulse and not less than a specified length, while for controlled zones, the dimensions of which are less than the required length, optical delay lines are sequentially installed in the optical circuit of the sensing elements.
  • a detector is provided that is able to determine the location of the impact on the structure that exceeds the allowable values, at least with an accuracy of the dimensions of the controlled area and with additional allowable accuracy within the controlled area using software, using the ratio of the reflection signals of the coordinate-dependent closed loop (Sagnac interferometer) and coordinate-independent open loop (Michelson interferometer).
  • fiber optic security detectors are made with the ability to use, if necessary, optical delay lines - optical fiber coils, or made by connecting the required length of the reserve cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit.
  • optical delay lines as a rule, without being limited, are used either in the transport part of a fiber-optic security detector or in its sensitive element.
  • an optical delay line for a security fiber optic detector an optical delay line is declared, made by connecting the required length of the reserve cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit.
  • the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer for said detector.
  • the optical delay line is intended to be used as part of the Michelson interferometer optical circuit for said detector.
  • the optical delay line is intended to be used as part of the Sagnac interferometer optical circuit for said detector.
  • the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the sensing elements of the said detector.
  • the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the transport part of said detector.
  • a coupling for a security fiber optic detector containing an optical delay line for a security fiber optic detector.
  • optical made by connecting to the optical circuit the required length of the reserve cores of the fiber-optic cable.
  • the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer for said detector.
  • the optical delay line is intended to be used as part of the Michelson interferometer optical circuit for said detector.
  • the optical delay line is intended to be used as part of the Sagnac interferometer optical circuit for said detector.
  • the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the sensing elements of the said detector.
  • the optical delay line is intended to be used as part of the optical circuit of the transport part of said detector.
  • a linear part for a security fiber optic detector is declared, containing an optical delay line for a security fiber optic detector, made by connecting the required length of the reserve cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit.
  • the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer for said detector.
  • the optical delay line is intended to be used as part of the Michelson interferometer optical circuit for said detector.
  • the optical delay line is intended to be used as part of the Sagnac interferometer optical circuit for said detector.
  • the optical delay line is designed to be used as part of the optical circuit of the sensing elements for said detector.
  • the optical delay line is intended to be used as part of the optical circuit of the transport part of said detector.
  • a fiber optic security detector containing an optical delay line for the fiber optic security detector, made by connecting the required length of the reserve cores of the fiber optic cable into an optical circuit.
  • the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer for said detector.
  • the optical delay line is intended to be used as part of an optical Michelson interferometer circuits for the mentioned detector.
  • the optical delay line is intended to be used as part of the Sagnac interferometer optical circuit for said detector.
  • the optical delay line is designed to be used as part of the optical circuit of the sensing elements for said detector.
  • the optical delay line is intended to be used as part of the optical circuit of the transport part of said detector.
  • a signaling method is claimed using a security fiber-optic detector with a linear part with at least one interferometer, according to which: provide placement of sensitive elements of the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector, representing is a branched optical circuit, which, by means of couplings containing splitters and optical delay lines, and a fiber optic cable, is placed on the elements of the fence (on the visor, and / or on the canvas, and / or on the anti-undermining barrier), a laser pulse is formed from the output transceiver to the input of said linear part and receive a returned pulse, which is a reflection signal, to the input of the transceiver along the same path, but in the opposite direction, moreover, the linear part contains an optical circuit of an open and / or closed interferometer for a security fiber detector optical, containing an open and / or closed circuit, forming a reflection signal, in which the same segments of the optical fibers of the cable are sensitive elements of interferometers,
  • the open-loop interferometer is a Michelson interferometer.
  • the closed interferometer is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer or a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer for said detector.
  • optical line delay is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the Michelson interferometer for the mentioned detector.
  • the optical delay line is intended to be used as part of the Sagnac interferometer optical circuit for said detector.
  • the optical delay line is designed to be used as part of the optical circuit of the sensing elements for said detector.
  • the optical delay line is intended to be used as part of the optical circuit of the transport part of said detector.
  • fiber optic security detectors and their aspects can be used to organize a guarded border or perimeter.
  • a guarded border or perimeter contains: a protected area (protected space or protected object), access to which is limited, and unauthorized access is subject to identification, including by means of a fiber-optic security detector, the linear part of which is installed on any fence, including including, made with the possibility of detecting a tunnel (with an additional anti-burrow barrier, as will be described in detail below with reference to Fig. 7 and Fig. 8); and, optionally, any movable structures, such as, but not limited to, gates, gates, hatches.
  • a container device can be used to assemble the linear part for a fiber-optic security detector.
  • mount the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector at the factory and mount the finished linear part of the product during the manufacturing process on an intermediate carrier - a container, preferably, without being limited, made in the form of a box consisting of a base and a cover.
  • a rotating drum Preferably, without being limited, there is a gap between the walls of the base of the box and the walls of the drum for mounting optical circuit elements on the walls of the drum.
  • the transport part of the optical circuit and the sensing elements are wound on the drum, optionally, the initial part of the required length is brought to the side wall of the drum and fixed on it in order to carry out control measurements and install couplings.
  • couplings are fixed on the side walls of the drum with the necessary supply of cable for mounting inside the coupling. Installation and adjustment of the product is carried out sequentially in accordance with the order of assembly of the optical circuit, preferably, without being limited, from the point of connection with the reflectometer and further along the circuit.
  • the linear part is preferably, without limitation, divided into its component parts and mounted in different container devices. In the transport position, the rotation of the drum is optionally blocked by locks.
  • Installation of the linear part at the facility is preferably, without limitation, carried out from a vehicle equipped with a manipulator crane.
  • the installation of the linear part on the object is carried out in the reverse order, unwinding the elements of the optical circuit of the product from the drum in the required amount and fixing them on the fence or laying them in the ground in accordance with the specified requirements.
  • the technological reserves of the transport part and the sensitive elements of the cable are rolled into bays and fixed on the fence.
  • a feature of the container device is the ability to access the main elements of the optical circuit during the manufacture of the product and further maintenance.
  • the cover of the box provides the maximum depth of access to the elements of the optical circuit of the product and the free release of the cable and couplings from the drum.
  • all elements of the optical circuit of the device are fixed on the side walls of the drum and rotate with it.
  • the fiber-optic cable is wound on a drum, and at the joints with the couplings, the cable is cut off with a technological margin and brought out to the outer side of the drum through the slots, while the cut end of the cable and the beginning of the next cable segments are marked and mounted in the coupling in in accordance with the optical scheme and are laid on the side wall of the drum, fixed together with the sleeve, continuation of the following cable sections lead into the inside of the drum and continue to wind on the drum until the branch to the next clutch.
  • the container device allows the production of a finished product for perimeters with a range of 500 m to 5000 m or more under normal (factory) conditions with full quality control in conjunction with application software and transfer the product to the consumer for independent use.
  • the tooling of the container device is reusable.
  • a container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a fiber optic security detector preferably, but not limited to, is a container 601 with a lid 602 containing a base 603 with an axis of rotation on which a rotating drum 604 is fixed, on which a fiber optic cable is wound.
  • 605 of the linear part of the fiber optic security detector, and the drum 604 contains a means for fixing the coupling 606 of the mentioned linear part on its side walls.
  • the base 603 is designed to allow the drum 604 to be mounted with an axis of rotation and to allow the drum 604 to rotate within the base 603, with the height of the base 603 allowing the visible top of the drum 603 to be maximally exposed with the optical circuit elements installed.
  • limiters 607 are made, for example, without limitation, in the form of disks or strips, limiting the movement of the drum 604 along the axis of rotation.
  • the reel 604 is configured to provide an acceptable bend radius for the fiber optic cable.
  • slits are provided on the side walls of the reel 604 to bring the fiber optic cable out to the outer side of the wall of the reel 604 and back in.
  • the sidewalls of the drum 604 are designed to allow free rotation of the drum 604 on the axis of rotation.
  • the sidewalls of the reel 604 are configured to secure the fiber optic cable and couplers to the outer wall of the reel 604 with a height not exceeding the gap between the side wall of the base 603 and the corresponding wall of the reel 604.
  • container device 600 is configured to reusable, for which, for example, it is possible to remove the drum to wind the linear part of another detector on it.
  • a container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a security fiber optic detector is declared, which is a container with a lid, containing a base with an axis of rotation, on which is fixed a rotating drum, on which a fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector is wound, and the drum contains means for fixing the coupling of said linear part on its side walls.
  • the base is made so as to ensure the installation of the drum with an axis of rotation and ensure the rotation of the drum inside the base, while the height of the base allows the maximum opening of the visible upper part of the drum with the installed elements of the optical circuit.
  • the reel is configured to provide an acceptable bend radius for the fiber optic cable.
  • slots are provided on the side walls of the drum to bring the fiber optic cable out to the outer side of the drum wall and back in.
  • the side walls of the drum are made in such a way as to ensure free rotation of the drum on the axis of rotation.
  • the sidewalls of the drum are configured to secure the fiber optic cable and couplers to the outer wall of the drum with a height not exceeding the gap between the sidewall of the base and the corresponding wall of the drum.
  • the container device is made with the possibility of multiple use, for which it is possible to remove the drum for winding the linear part of another detector on it.
  • a container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a security fiber optic detector is declared, which is a container with a lid, containing a base with an axis of rotation, on which is fixed rotating drum, on which the fiber optic cable of the linear part of the detector is wound security fiber-optic, and the drum contains a means for fixing on its side walls the coupling of the said linear part, and the said coupling contains the splitters of the Michelson interferometer and the splitters of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer placed in it.
  • the base is made so as to ensure the installation of the drum with an axis of rotation and ensure the rotation of the drum inside the base, while the height of the base allows the maximum opening of the visible upper part of the drum with the installed elements of the optical circuit.
  • limiters are made to limit the movement of the drum along the axis of rotation.
  • the reel is designed to provide an acceptable bending radius for the fiber optic cable.
  • slots are provided on the side walls of the drum to bring the fiber optic cable out to the outer side of the drum wall and back in.
  • the side walls of the drum are made in such a way as to ensure free rotation of the drum on the axis of rotation.
  • the sidewalls of the drum are configured to secure the fiber optic cable and couplers to the outer wall of the drum with a height not exceeding the gap between the sidewall of the base and the corresponding wall of the drum.
  • the container device is reusable, for which it is possible to remove the drum for winding the linear part of another detector on it.
  • a container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a security fiber optic detector is declared, which is a container with a lid, containing a base with an axis of rotation, on which is fixed a rotating drum, on which a fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector is wound, and the drum contains a means for fixing the coupling of the said linear part on its side walls, and the said coupling contains splitters of the Michelson interferometer placed in it.
  • the base is configured to allow the drum to be mounted with an axis of rotation and to allow rotation of the drum inside the base, while the height of the base allows maximally open the visible upper part of the drum with the installed elements of the optical circuit.
  • limiters are made to limit the movement of the drum along the axis of rotation.
  • the reel is configured to provide an acceptable bend radius for the fiber optic cable.
  • slots are provided on the side walls of the drum to bring the fiber optic cable out to the outer side of the drum wall and put it back in.
  • the side walls of the drum are made in such a way as to ensure free rotation of the drum on the axis of rotation.
  • the sidewalls of the drum are configured to secure the fiber optic cable and couplers to the outer wall of the drum with a height not exceeding the gap between the sidewall of the base and the corresponding wall of the drum.
  • the container device is reusable, for which it is possible to remove the drum for winding the linear part of another detector on it.
  • a container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a security fiber optic detector is declared, which is a container with a lid, containing a base with an axis of rotation, on which is fixed a rotating drum, on which a fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector is wound, and the drum contains a means for fixing the coupling of said linear part on its side walls, and the said coupling contains splitters of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer placed in it.
  • the base is made so as to ensure the installation of the drum with an axis of rotation and ensure the rotation of the drum inside the base, while the height of the base allows the maximum opening of the visible upper part of the drum with the installed elements of the optical circuit.
  • limiters are made to limit the movement of the drum along the axis of rotation.
  • the reel is configured to provide an acceptable bend radius for the fiber optic cable.
  • slots are made on the side walls of the drum to bring the fiber optic cable to the outer side of the wall drum and put it back.
  • the side walls of the drum are made in such a way as to ensure free rotation of the drum on the axis of rotation.
  • the sidewalls of the drum are configured to secure the fiber optic cable and couplers to the outer wall of the drum with a height not exceeding the gap between the sidewall of the base and the corresponding wall of the drum.
  • the container device is reusable, for which it is possible to remove the drum for winding the linear part of another detector on it.
  • a container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a security fiber optic detector is declared, which is a container with a lid, containing a base with an axis of rotation, on which is fixed a rotating drum, on which a fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector is wound, and the drum contains a means for fixing on its side walls the coupling of the said linear part, and the said coupling contains splitters of the Sagnac interferometer and splitters of the Mach-interferometer located in it Zender.
  • the base is made so as to ensure the installation of the drum with an axis of rotation and ensure the rotation of the drum inside the base, while the height of the base allows the maximum opening of the visible upper part of the drum with the installed elements of the optical circuit.
  • limiters are made to limit the movement of the drum along the axis of rotation.
  • the reel is designed to provide an acceptable bending radius for the fiber optic cable.
  • slots are provided on the side walls of the drum to bring the fiber optic cable out to the outer side of the drum wall and back in.
  • the side walls of the drum are made in such a way as to ensure free rotation of the drum on the axis of rotation.
  • the sidewalls of the drum are configured to secure the fiber optic cable and couplers to the outer wall of the drum with a height not exceeding the gap between the sidewall of the base and the corresponding wall of the drum.
  • container device made with the possibility of multiple use, for which it is possible to remove the drum for winding the linear part of another detector on it.
  • a container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a security fiber optic detector is declared, which is a container with a lid, containing a base with an axis of rotation, on which is fixed a rotating drum, on which a fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector is wound, and the drum contains a means for fixing the coupling of said linear part on its side walls, and the said coupling contains splitters of the Michelson interferometer and splitters of the Sagnac interferometer placed in it.
  • the base is made so as to ensure the installation of the drum with an axis of rotation and ensure the rotation of the drum inside the base, while the height of the base allows the maximum opening of the visible upper part of the drum with the installed elements of the optical circuit.
  • the limiters that limit the movement of the drum along the axis of rotation.
  • the reel is configured to provide an acceptable bend radius for the fiber optic cable.
  • slots are provided on the side walls of the drum to bring the fiber optic cable out to the outer side of the drum wall and back in.
  • the side walls of the drum are made in such a way as to ensure free rotation of the drum on the axis of rotation.
  • the sidewalls of the drum are configured to secure the fiber optic cable and couplers to the outer wall of the drum with a height not exceeding the gap between the sidewall of the base and the corresponding wall of the drum.
  • the container device is made with the possibility of multiple use, for which it is possible to remove the drum for winding the linear part of another detector on it.
  • a container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a fiber optic security detector which is a container with a lid containing a base with an axis of rotation on which a rotating drum is fixed, on which a fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector is wound, the drum containing a means for fixing on its side walls the coupling of the said linear part, and the said coupling contains an optical delay line for the security fiber-optic detector, made by connecting the required length of the reserve cores of the fiber-optic cable into an optical circuit.
  • the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer for said detector.
  • the optical delay line is intended to be used as part of the Michelson interferometer optical circuit for said detector.
  • the optical delay line is intended to be used as part of the Sagnac interferometer optical circuit for said detector.
  • the optical delay line is designed to be used as part of the optical circuit of the sensing elements for said detector.
  • the optical delay line is intended to be used as part of the optical circuit of the transport part of said detector.
  • a drum of a container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a security fiber optic detector is claimed, which is a drum rotatable on an axis, on which a fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector, and the drum contains means for fixing the coupling of said linear part on its side walls.
  • the reel is designed to provide an acceptable bending radius for the fiber optic cable.
  • slots are provided on the side walls of the drum to bring the fiber optic cable out to the outer side of the drum wall and put it back in.
  • the side walls of the drum are made in such a way as to ensure free rotation of the drum on the axis of rotation.
  • the sidewalls of the reel are configured to support the fiber optic cable and couplings on the outer wall of the drum with a height not exceeding the gap between the side wall of the base of the container device and the corresponding wall of the drum.
  • the drum is made with the possibility of its extraction from the container device for winding the linear part of another detector on it or replacing it with another drum with the linear part of another detector.
  • a drum of a container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a security fiber optic detector is claimed, which is a drum rotatable on an axis, on which a fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector, and the drum contains a means for fixing the couplings of the mentioned linear part on its side walls, and the said couplings contain splitters of the Michelson interferometer and splitters of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer placed in it.
  • the reel is configured to provide an acceptable bend radius for the fiber optic cable.
  • slits are provided on the side walls of the drum to bring the fiber optic cable out to the outer side of the drum wall and back in.
  • the side walls of the drum are made in such a way as to ensure free rotation of the drum on the axis of rotation.
  • the side walls of the drum are configured to secure the fiber optic cable and couplers to the outer wall of the drum with a height not exceeding the gap between the side wall of the base of the container device and the corresponding wall of the drum.
  • the drum is made with the possibility of its removal from the container device for winding the linear part of another detector on it or replacing it with another drum with the linear part of another detector.
  • a drum of a container device for assembling a linear part for a security fiber optic detector which is a drum rotatable on an axis, on which a fiber optic cable of the linear part of the security fiber optic detector, moreover, the drum contains a means for fixing on its side walls the coupling of the said linear part, and the said coupling contains splitters of the Michelson interferometer placed in it.
  • the reel is designed to provide an acceptable bending radius for the fiber optic cable.
  • slits are provided on the side walls of the drum to bring the fiber optic cable out to the outer side of the drum wall and bring it back.
  • the side walls of the drum are made in such a way as to ensure free rotation of the drum on the axis of rotation.
  • the sidewalls of the drum are designed to secure the fiber optic cable and couplers to the outer wall of the drum with a height not exceeding the gap between the sidewall of the base of the container device and the corresponding wall of the drum.
  • the drum is made with the possibility of its extraction from the container device for winding the linear part of another detector on it or replacing it with another drum with the linear part of another detector.
  • a drum of a container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a security fiber optic detector is claimed, which is a drum rotatable on an axis, on which a a fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector, and the drum contains a means for fixing the coupling of the said linear part on its side walls, and the said coupling contains splitters of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer placed in it.
  • the reel is designed to provide an acceptable bending radius for the fiber optic cable.
  • slits are provided on the side walls of the drum to bring the fiber optic cable out to the outer side of the drum wall and bring it back.
  • the side walls of the drum are made in such a way as to ensure free rotation of the drum on the axis of rotation.
  • the sidewalls of the drum are designed to secure the fiber optic cable and couplers to the outer wall of the drum with a height not exceeding the gap between the sidewall of the base of the container device and the corresponding wall of the drum.
  • the drum is made with the possibility of its extraction from the container device for winding the linear part of another detector on it.
  • a drum of a container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a security fiber optic detector is claimed, which is a drum rotatable on an axis, on which a fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector, and the drum contains a means for fixing on its side walls the couplings of the mentioned linear part, and the said couplings contain splitters of the Sagnac interferometer and splitters of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer placed in it.
  • the reel is configured to provide an acceptable bend radius for the fiber optic cable.
  • slits are provided on the side walls of the drum to bring the fiber optic cable out to the outer side of the drum wall and back in.
  • the side walls of the drum are made in such a way as to ensure free rotation of the drum on the axis of rotation.
  • the side walls of the drum are configured to secure the fiber optic cable and couplers to the outer wall of the drum with a height not exceeding the gap between the side wall of the base of the container device and the corresponding wall of the drum.
  • the drum is made with the possibility of its removal from the container device for winding the linear part of another detector on it or replacing it with another drum with the linear part of another detector.
  • a drum of a container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a security fiber optic detector is claimed, which is a drum rotatable on an axis, on which a fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector, and the drum contains a means for fixing on its side walls the coupling of the said linear part, and the said coupling contains the splitters of the Michelson interferometer and the Sagnac interferometer placed in it.
  • the drum is designed like this so that the allowable bending radius of the fiber optic cable is maintained.
  • slits are provided on the side walls of the drum to bring the fiber optic cable out to the outer side of the drum wall and bring it back.
  • the side walls of the drum are made in such a way as to ensure free rotation of the drum on the axis of rotation.
  • the sidewalls of the drum are designed to secure the fiber optic cable and couplers to the outer wall of the drum with a height not exceeding the gap between the sidewall of the base of the container device and the corresponding wall of the drum.
  • the drum is made with the possibility of its extraction from the container device for winding the linear part of another detector on it or replacing it with another drum with the linear part of another detector.
  • a drum of a container device 600 for assembling a linear part for a security fiber optic detector is claimed, which is configured to of rotation on the axis of the drum, on which the fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the optical fiber security detector is wound, and the drum contains a means for fixing the coupling of the said linear part on its side walls, and the said coupling contains an optical delay line for the security fiber-optic detector , made by connecting to the optical circuit the required length of the reserve cores of the fiber-optic cable.
  • the optical delay line is intended for use as part of the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer for said detector.
  • the optical delay line is intended to be used as part of the Michelson interferometer optical circuit for said detector.
  • the optical delay line is intended to be used as part of the Sagnac interferometer optical circuit for said detector.
  • the optical delay line is designed to be used as part of the optical circuit of the sensing elements for said detector.
  • the optical delay line is intended to be used as part of the optical circuit of the transport part of said detector.
  • a method for mounting a linear part for a security fiber optic detector in which the installation is carried out using a container device 600 for assembling the linear part for a security fiber optic detector, representing a container with a lid, containing a base with an axis of rotation, on which a rotating drum is fixed, on which a fiber-optic cable of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector is wound, and the drum contains a means for fixing the coupling of the said linear part on its side walls, for which in the reverse order, the elements of the optical circuit are unwound in the required quantity and fixed along the perimeter of the controlled zone.
  • limiters are made to limit the movement of the drum along the axis of rotation.
  • the reel is designed to provide an acceptable bending radius for the fiber optic cable.
  • slits are provided on the side walls of the drum to bring the fiber optic cable out to the outer side of the drum wall and bring it back.
  • the container device is reusable, for which it is possible to remove the drum for winding the linear part of another detector on it.
  • said coupling contains Michelson interferometer splitters and Mach-Zehnder interferometer splitters placed therein.
  • said coupling contains Michelson interferometer splitters placed therein.
  • said coupling contains Mach-Zehnder interferometer splitters placed therein.
  • said coupling contains splitters of the Sagnac interferometer and splitters of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer placed therein.
  • said coupling contains Michelson interferometer splitters and Sagnac interferometer splitters placed therein.
  • the previously described linear parts are preferably mounted on the fences of the guarded boundary.
  • fences 700, 800 are various mesh or other fences, most typically being a structure of support pillars 701 , 801 fixed on some foundation (for example, not limited to concrete or pile) 702, 802 between which a mesh fabric 703 is stretched or strands of barbed wire 803 are stretched.
  • reinforced barbed tape (AKL), reinforced twisted barbed tape, spiral security barrier, flat security barrier, engineered physical protection equipment, barbed wire, anti-ram barriers, other barriers, any classes, but not limited to protective , main, additional, warning, stationary or quickly deployed (wearable and / or transportable), solid, sectional, deaf, visible, with a rigid deaf canvas; with a rigid lattice cloth; with a flexible web of wire, and / or mesh, and / or AKL spirals; with a combined canvas representing any combination of the above canvases; with a point (pile, screw support, tubular driven support) and / or strip foundation; made of, without limitation, concrete and/or reinforced concrete, and/or brick, and/or metal, and/or wood, and/or polymeric material, and/or any combination thereof.
  • a pommel 704, 804 with additional strands of barbed wire is also extended between the support posts 701, 801.
  • the fence 700, 800 is additionally provided with a mesh 705, 805 extended into the ground, preferably a part of the mesh web preventing undermining.
  • the sensitive elements 706 of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector are placed on the mesh fabric 703 along a curvilinear sinusoidal trajectory in one or more lines, thus providing additional connectivity of the elements of the mesh fabric 703, which eliminates the possibility of unauthorized violation of the protected perimeter by partially eliminating mesh fence.
  • the sensitive elements 806 of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector are placed on a linear fence formed by strands of barbed wire 803 also along a sinusoidal path in one or more lines, thus ensuring the connection between the strands of barbed wire, which eliminates the possibility of unauthorized violation protected perimeter by partial elimination of barbed wire.
  • the sensitive elements 706, 806 of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector are placed on the top 704, 804 of the fence, formed by additional strands of barbed wire also along a sinusoidal path in one or more lines, thus ensuring the connection between the strands of barbed wire, which eliminates the possibility unauthorized violation of the protected perimeter by partial removal of barbed wire or overcoming the perimeter from above.
  • the sensitive elements 706, 806 of the linear part of the optical fiber security detector are placed on the anti-undermining grid 705, 805 of the fence, which eliminates the possibility of unauthorized violation of the protected perimeter by digging under the fence.
  • the sensitive elements 706, 806 of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector are placed between the foundations 702, 802 of the pillars at the depth of the greatest probability of physical impact on the sensitive element, which eliminates the possibility of unauthorized violation of the protected perimeter by digging under the fence.
  • such a non-continuous obstacle is predominantly non-rigid, that is, individual elements of such a fence can be damaged or destroyed by an intruder without significant effort.
  • an obstacle between poles is not a mesh or barbed wire fence, but is predominantly a solid obstacle, such as a picket fence or a solid fence, in which case the fence contains the above-mentioned finial, on in which the sensing element is located.
  • a fence with a linear part of a security fiber-optic detector is claimed, which is a mesh fabric stretched between pillars installed on the foundations, and the mesh fabric contains a sensitive element of the security fiber-optic detector, placed along the mesh fabric along a curved trajectory, providing additional connectivity of the elements of the mesh fabric.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber optic intrusion detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer.
  • the sensitive element is a sensitive element of a security fiber-optic detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber optic intrusion detector with an optical circuit comprising a Michelson interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the sensing element is a sensing element of a fiber optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a security fiber-optic detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer.
  • a fence with a linear part of the security fiber-optic detector is declared, which is a linear fence formed by strands of barbed wire stretched between the pillars installed on the foundations, and the linear fence contains a sensitive element of the security fiber-optic detector, placed along a linear fence along a curvilinear trajectory, which ensures the connection of barbed wire strands.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber optic intrusion detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer.
  • the sensing element is a sensing element of a security fiber-optic detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber optic intrusion detector with an optical circuit comprising a Michelson interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the sensing element is a sensing element of a fiber optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of the detector security fiber-optic with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer.
  • a fence with a linear part of a security fiber-optic detector is declared, which is a fence formed by an obstacle stretched between pillars installed on foundations, containing a pommel stretched between them, formed by strands of barbed wire, and the pommel contains a sensitive an element of a security fiber-optic detector placed along the pommel along a curved trajectory, which ensures the connection of barbed wire strands.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber optic intrusion detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer.
  • the sensing element is a sensing element of a security fiber-optic detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a security fiber optic detector with an optical circuit containing a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber optic intrusion detector with an optical circuit comprising a Michelson interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber optic intrusion detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the sensing element is a sensing element of a fiber optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the obstacle is a mesh web.
  • the obstacle is a linear fence formed by strands of barbed wire.
  • the obstacle is preferably a solid obstacle.
  • a fence with a means for detecting an undermining with a linear part of a security fiber-optic detector is declared, which is a fence formed by an obstacle stretched between pillars installed on foundations, containing a grid stretched between them in the ground , on which the sensitive element of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector is located.
  • the sensing element is sensitive element of a security fiber-optic detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer.
  • the sensing element is a sensing element of a security fiber-optic detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber optic intrusion detector with an optical circuit comprising a Michelson interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the sensing element is a sensing element of a fiber optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a security fiber-optic detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the obstacle is a mesh web.
  • the obstacle is a linear fence formed by strands of barbed wire.
  • the obstacle is predominantly a solid obstacle.
  • a fence with a means for detecting an undermining with a linear part of a security fiber-optic detector is declared, which is a fence formed by an obstacle stretched between pillars installed on foundations, between which in the ground at a depth the greatest probability of physical impact, the sensitive element of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector is stretched.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber optic intrusion detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer.
  • the sensing element is a sensing element of a security fiber-optic detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber optic intrusion detector with an optical circuit containing a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber optic intrusion detector with an optical circuit comprising a Michelson interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the sensitive element is a sensitive element of a security fiber-optic detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber optic intrusion detector with an optical circuit comprising a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the obstacle is a mesh web.
  • the obstacle is a linear fence formed by strands of barbed wire.
  • the obstacle is preferably a solid obstacle.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber optic intrusion detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer.
  • the sensing element is a sensing element of a security fiber-optic detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber optic intrusion detector with an optical circuit comprising a Michelson interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the sensing element is a sensing element of a fiber optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a security fiber-optic detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the obstacle is a mesh web.
  • the obstacle is a linear fence formed by strands of barbed wire.
  • a fence with a linear part of a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is a fence formed by a non-continuous obstacle stretched between pillars installed on the foundations, and the non-continuous obstacle contains a sensitive element of the security fiber-optic detector placed along the non-continuous an obstacle along a curvilinear trajectory, providing vibration sensitivity and additional connectivity of the elements of a non-continuous obstacle, and the fiber-optic security detector is the detector described earlier with reference to FIG. one .
  • a fence with a linear part of a security fiber-optic detector is declared, which is a fence formed by a non-continuous obstacle stretched between pillars installed on the foundations, and the non-continuous obstacle contains a sensitive element of the security fiber-optic detector placed along a non-continuous obstacle along a curvilinear trajectory, providing vibration sensitivity and additional connectivity of the elements of a non-continuous obstacle, and the fiber-optic security detector is the detector described earlier with reference to FIG. 2.
  • a fence with a linear part of a security fiber-optic detector is declared, which is a fence formed by a non-continuous obstacle stretched between pillars installed on foundations, and the non-continuous obstacle contains a sensitive element of the security fiber-optic detector placed along a non-continuous obstacle along a curvilinear trajectory, providing vibration sensitivity and additional connectivity of the elements of a non-continuous obstacle, and the fiber-optic security detector is the detector described earlier with reference to FIG. 3.
  • a fence with a linear part of a security fiber-optic detector is declared, which is a fence formed by a non-continuous obstacle stretched between pillars installed on the foundations, and the non-continuous obstacle contains a sensitive element of the security fiber-optic detector placed along a non-continuous an obstacle along a curved path providing vibration sensitivity and additional cohesion elements of a non-continuous obstacle, and the fiber-optic security detector is the detector described earlier with reference to FIG. 4.
  • a fence with a linear part of a fiber-optic security detector is declared, which is a fence formed by a non-continuous obstacle stretched between pillars installed on the foundations, and the non-continuous obstacle contains a sensitive element of the security fiber-optic detector placed along the non-continuous obstacle along a curvilinear trajectory, providing vibration sensitivity and additional connectivity of the elements of a non-continuous obstacle, and the fiber-optic security detector is the detector described earlier with reference to FIG. five.
  • a fence with a digging detection tool with a linear part of a security fiber-optic detector is declared, which is a fence formed by an obstacle stretched between pillars installed on foundations, between which in the soil at a depth of the greatest probability physical impact, the sensitive element of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector is extended, and the fiber-optic security detector is the detector described earlier with reference to FIG. 1.
  • said sensing element is fixed to a grid stretched between posts in the ground.
  • a fence with a digging detection tool with a linear part of a security fiber-optic detector is declared, which is a fence formed by an obstacle stretched between pillars installed on foundations, between which in the soil at a depth of the greatest probability physical impact, the sensitive element of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector is extended, and the fiber-optic security detector is the detector described earlier with reference to FIG. 2.
  • said sensing element is fixed to a grid stretched between posts in the ground.
  • a fence with a means of detecting an undermining with a linear part of a security fiber-optic detector which is a fence formed by an obstacle stretched between the installed on the foundations with pillars, between which in the ground at the depth of the greatest probability of physical impact, a sensitive element of the linear part of the security fiber-optic detector is stretched, and the security fiber-optic detector is the detector described earlier with reference to FIG. 3.
  • said sensing element is fixed to a grid stretched between posts in the ground.
  • a fence with a digging detection tool with a linear part of a security fiber-optic detector is declared, which is a fence formed by an obstacle stretched between pillars installed on foundations, between which in the soil at a depth of the greatest probability physical impact, the sensitive element of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector is extended, and the fiber-optic security detector is the detector described earlier with reference to FIG. 4.
  • said sensing element is attached to a grid stretched between posts in the ground.
  • a fence with a digging detection tool with a linear part of a security fiber-optic detector is declared, which is a fence formed by an obstacle stretched between pillars installed on foundations, between which in the soil at a depth of the greatest probability physical impact, the sensitive element of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector is extended, and the fiber-optic security detector is the detector described earlier with reference to FIG. 5.
  • said sensing element is fixed to a grid stretched between posts in the ground.
  • a fence with a linear part of a security fiber-optic detector is declared, which is a fence formed by a non-continuous obstacle stretched between pillars installed on the foundations, and the non-continuous obstacle contains a sensitive element of the security fiber-optic detector located along non-continuous obstacle along a curvilinear trajectory, providing connectivity of the elements of a non-continuous obstacle, and the said detector contains a hardware delay line, which is an optical delay line made by connections into the optical circuit of the required length of the redundant cores of the fiber optic cable.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber optic intrusion detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer.
  • the sensing element is a sensing element of a security fiber-optic detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber optic intrusion detector with an optical circuit comprising a Michelson interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the sensing element is a sensing element of a fiber optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a security fiber-optic detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the obstacle is a mesh web.
  • the obstacle is a linear fence formed by strands of barbed wire.
  • a fence with a means for detecting an undermining with a linear part of a security fiber-optic detector is declared, which is a fence formed by an obstacle stretched between pillars installed on foundations, between which in the ground at a depth the greatest probability of physical impact, a sensitive element of the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector is stretched, and as part of the optical circuit of the security fiber-optic detector, a hardware delay line is used, made by connecting the required length of the reserve cores of the fiber-optic cable into the optical circuit.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber optic intrusion detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer.
  • the sensing element is a sensing element of a security fiber-optic detector with an optical circuit containing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a security fiber detector. optical with an optical circuit containing a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber optic intrusion detector with an optical circuit comprising a Michelson interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the sensing element is a sensing element of a fiber optic security detector with an optical circuit containing a Michelson interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the sensing element is the sensing element of a fiber optic intrusion detector with an optical circuit comprising a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a Sagnac interferometer.
  • the obstacle is a mesh web.
  • the obstacle is a linear fence formed by strands of barbed wire.
  • said sensing element is fixed to a grid stretched between posts in the ground.
  • such a mechanized laying method is carried out using a cable layer with a V-shaped plow (V-plow), described, for example, in an article by Sadykov F.R., et al. “Modern drainage systems”, Polymer pipes magazine No. 4 ( 50), November 2015, hereby incorporated herein by reference.
  • said cable-laying machine is a Komatsu D65P V-plow Bulldozer drainage machine or the like.
  • an unwinding device is fixed, for example, without limitation, in a manner similar to the installation of an unwinding device for the TM10.00 GST15 KVG-280 cable layer (as indicated by URL: htp: /web,ar hjye,org/web/20200120 ⁇ 5256/htp://tn l0j:u/catatog/kabe[/kyg280/, incorporated herein by reference), on which a rotating drum with fiber optic cable, for example, but not limited to, the reel described earlier with reference to FIG. 6.
  • the cable is inserted into the input channel of the flexible linear products of the cable layer into the lower zone of the V-shaped plow and attached to the ground, after which the cable layer starts moving along the specified cable laying path.
  • additional water is supplied to the cable entry channel to provide better contact of the cable with the ground.
  • said plow is lifted, thereby releasing the cable.
  • the subsequent ramming is carried out by the cable layer using the dead weight of the cable layer.
  • additional water is supplied to the cable entry channel to provide better contact of the cable with the ground.
  • a V-plow is a self-contained device implemented, for example, as a trailer or attachment for installation on a non-specialized mechanized vehicle.
  • a V-shaped plow for use with a mechanized cable layer, made with the possibility of fixing an unwinding device on it to install a drum with a fiber optic cable on it for mechanized laying of a fiber optic cable into the ground.
  • a mechanized cable layer with an input channel for flexible linear products and a V-shaped plow is declared, made with the possibility of fixing an unwinding device on it to install a drum with a fiber optic cable on it for mechanized laying of a fiber optic cable in priming.
  • a method for mechanized laying of a fiber optic cable into the ground in which for laying a fiber optic cable optical cable into the ground, a mechanized cable layer is used with a channel for introducing flexible linear products and a V-shaped plow, made with the possibility of fixing an unwinding device on it to install a drum with a fiber optic cable on it for mechanized laying of a fiber optic cable into the ground.
  • a method of mechanized fiber optic cable laying in the ground in which a V-shaped plow similar to the V-shaped plow is used to lay the fiber optic cable in the ground.
  • a mechanized cable layer made with the possibility of fixing an unwinding device on it for installing a drum with a fiber optic cable on it for mechanized laying of a fiber optic cable into the ground.
  • a method of mechanized laying of a fiber optic cable into the ground in which, before laying, the cable is led into the input channel of flexible linear products of the cable layer with the input channel of flexible linear products and With a V-shaped plow into the lower zone of the V-shaped plow and attached to the ground, after which they move with a cable layer along a given cable laying trajectory.
  • water is additionally supplied to the cable entry channel to ensure better contact of the cable with the ground.
  • the subsequent tamping is carried out by the cable layer, using the dead weight of the cable layer.
  • a fiber optic security detector is claimed, the linear part of which is laid into the ground in a mechanized way, in which a mechanized cable layer with an input channel for flexible linear products is used to lay the fiber optic cable into the ground and A V-shaped plow made with the possibility of fixing an unwinding device on it for installing a drum with a fiber optic cable on it for mechanized laying of a fiber optic cable into the ground.
  • the security fiber-optic detector contains a hardware delay line, made by connecting the required length of the reserve cores of the fiber-optic cable into an optical circuit.
  • a fiber-optic security detector contains an optical circuit Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the security fiber-optic detector contains the optical circuit of the Michelson interferometer.
  • the fiber-optic security detector contains the optical circuit of the Sagnac interferometer.
  • a security fiber-optic detector contains optical circuits of a Michelson interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the security fiber-optic detector contains optical circuits of the Sagnac interferometer and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • a security fiber-optic detector contains optical circuits of the Michelson interferometer and the Sagnac interferometer.
  • the linear part of the fiber-optic security detector is claimed, characterized by the fact that it is laid into the ground in a mechanized way, in which a mechanized cable layer with an input channel for flexible linear products is used to lay the fiber-optic cable into the ground and A V-shaped plow made with the possibility of fixing an unwinding device on it for installing a drum with a fiber optic cable on it for mechanized laying of a fiber optic cable into the ground.
  • the security fiber-optic detector contains a hardware delay line, made by connecting the required length of the reserve cores of the fiber-optic cable into an optical circuit.
  • the fiber-optic security detector contains the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the security fiber-optic detector contains the optical circuit of the Michelson interferometer.
  • the fiber-optic security detector contains the optical circuit of the Sagnac interferometer.
  • a security fiber-optic detector contains optical circuits of a Michelson interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the security fiber-optic detector contains optical circuits of the Sagnac interferometer and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the fiber optic security detector contains optical circuits of the Michelson interferometer and the Sagnac interferometer [0123]
  • a method can be provided for creating a protected boundary using a security fiber optic detector, in which a protected perimeter is erected by laying the linear part of the security fiber optic detector into the ground using the method of mechanized laying of a fiber optic cable, in which for laying fiber optic cable into the ground, a mechanized cable layer is used with a channel for introducing flexible linear products and a V-shaped plow, made with the possibility of fixing an unwinding device on it to install a drum with a fiber optic cable on it for mechanized laying of a fiber optic cable into the ground.
  • a method for creating a protected boundary using a security fiber optic detector in which a protected perimeter is erected by laying the linear part of the security fiber optic detector into the ground using the method of mechanized laying of a fiber optic cable into the ground, in which for laying a fiber optic cable into the ground, a V-shaped plow is used, similar to the V-shaped plow of a mechanized cable layer, made with the possibility of fixing an unwinding device on it to install a drum with a fiber optic cable on it for mechanized laying of a fiber optic cable into the ground.
  • laying a fiber optic cable into the ground using a vertically located plow such as the Vertical Cable Plow TM10.00 GST15 KVG-280, which was described earlier, can be used.
  • a vertically located plow such as the Vertical Cable Plow TM10.00 GST15 KVG-280, which was described earlier.
  • the trajectory of laying the cable should be made along a curvilinear trajectory with an alternating change in the direction of the radius 902 of the bend of the trajectory 901 (Fig. 9).
  • the presence of cable tension in the process of mechanized laying leads to pressing the cable to the inner surface of the cable path.
  • the proposed method of laying the sensing element in the ground immediately gives a tight contact of the cable with the ground and eliminates the hanging of the cable in the cavities of the ground.
  • the main advantage of the proposed method of mechanized laying of a fiber-optic cable into the ground is the laying of the cable to a given depth with allowable deviations in height and coordinates. Another advantage is that the fiber optic cable is firmly in contact with the ground. Another advantage is the absence of air voids in the cable run after mechanized laying is completed. Another advantage is the faster commissioning of the sensitive element of the system, since in this case it is not necessary to wait for the natural sedimentation of the soil.
  • the proposed method of mechanized laying in the ground of a fiber-optic signaling cable of a sensitive element of an extended perimeter security system is carried out using a tractor with a vertical attachment (plow) with a channel for introducing flexible linear products into the lower zone of the plow.
  • An unwinder is installed on the tractor, on which a reel with a fiber optic cable is fixed, for example, but not limited to, described with reference to FIG. 6.
  • the cable is inserted into the input channel and attached to the ground, after which the tractor begins to move along a given route, ensuring the movement of the plow along a curved path.
  • the plow is lifted and the cable is released. After laying the cable, the tractor compacts the soil with its own weight, ensuring the closing of the soil above the cable.
  • a method of mechanized laying of a fiber optic cable into the ground in which, before laying, the cable is led into the input channel of flexible linear products of the cable layer with the input channel of flexible linear products and vertical plow and attached to the ground, after which they move with a cable layer along a given curvilinear cable laying trajectory, and throughout the entire path they alternately change the direction of the bending radius of the mentioned trajectory.
  • a fiber optic security detector is claimed, the linear part of which is laid into the ground in a mechanized way, in which, before laying, the cable is led into the input channel of the flexible linear products of the cable layer with the input channel of the flexible linear products and a vertical plow and attached to ground, after which they move by the cable layer along a given curvilinear trajectory of cable laying, and throughout the entire path they alternately change the direction of the bending radius of the mentioned trajectory.
  • the security fiber-optic detector contains a hardware delay line, made by connecting the required length of the reserve cores of the fiber-optic cable into an optical circuit.
  • the fiber-optic security detector contains the optical circuit of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • a security fiber-optic detector contains an optical circuit of a Michelson interferometer.
  • the fiber-optic security detector contains the optical circuit of the Sagnac interferometer.
  • a security fiber-optic detector contains optical circuits of a Michelson interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • the security fiber-optic detector contains optical circuits of the Sagnac interferometer and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • a security fiber-optic detector contains optical circuits of the Michelson interferometer and the Sagnac interferometer.
  • a method for creating a protected boundary using a security fiber optic detector, in which a protected perimeter is erected by laying the linear part of the security fiber optic detector into the ground using the method of mechanized laying of a fiber optic cable, in which, before starting cable laying is led into the input channel of flexible linear products of the cable layer with the input channel of flexible linear products and a vertical plow and attached to the ground, after which the cable layer is moved along a given curvilinear cable laying trajectory, and throughout the entire path, the direction of the bending radius of the mentioned trajectory is alternately changed.
  • DOD dynamic fiber optic sensors
  • DOD is a sensor, the principle of operation of which is based on the use of the properties of the optical circuit of the device to change the phase difference of the terms of the signals of reflection of the energy of the probing pulse depending on on the rate of change in the geometric shape of the optical fiber (oscillations) of the sensitive part of the device, which is changed by external vibrational action on the structure on which the sensitive part of the device is fixed.
  • a change in the phase difference of the terms of the signals leads to a change in the interference pattern at the output of the optical splitter.
  • the generation and injection of a probing pulse into an optical fiber the collection of information about the value of the signals of artificial reflections of the DOD is carried out using a reflectometer and a fiber-optic cable network branched on splitters. Information processing is performed by a computing device.
  • the distance of the DOS placement is determined by the energy of the probing pulse, which is assigned to the DOS, and can reach tens of kilometers.
  • DOD can be used in burglar alarm systems to control the impact on the moving and fixed parts of structures, barriers, gates and gates of the perimeters of small and extended territories, the impact on manhole covers of the well space, sensors for the position of culvert gratings.
  • the use of DOD is allowed in explosive environments, in conditions of 100% humidity, with increased gas contamination and dust, when working in water, including sewage, in conditions of increased radiation, in conditions that exclude the possibility of using electrical appliances, in conditions of high power electromagnetic interference.
  • the use of DOD does not require electrical energy in the linear part of the device. As shown in FIG.
  • the DOD 1000 includes a housing 1001', inside which is installed an optical fiber coil 1002, closing the outputs of the optical splitter 1003, which together are the sensitive part of the device.
  • the transport part 1004 of the outer part of the device is connected to the input of the splitter, which ensures the transportation of a part of the energy of the probing pulse to the sensitive part of the device in the forward direction and ensures the transportation in the opposite direction of the reflection signal modulated by the impact on the structure on which the DOD body is fixed.
  • the transport part ensures the delivery of probing pulses in the forward direction to all DODs, dividing the energy of the probing pulse into fractions that ensure the formation of reflection signals from each DOD connected to the optical circuit in the optimal range, not exceeding the maximum value of the amplitude of the reflection signals at the analog input.
  • -digital reflectometer converter and delivery of reflection signals of energy of probing pulses from DOD in the opposite direction along the same paths of delivery of probing pulses.
  • the division of the probing pulse energy is performed using splitters in any part of the transport part of the optical circuit of the detector, providing multiple and arbitrary connection of the DOS to the branched optical network, taking into account the optimal value of the energy of the probing pulse delivered to each DOD and the response time.
  • the sensitive part of the DOD is made of optical fibers and a splitter, the outputs of which are closed to each other by an optical fiber coil and form a closed loop for generating a reflection signal.
  • the presence of a coil in the DOD provides optical amplification of the phase difference of the reflection signals and the interference pattern at the output.
  • the DOD coil is not rigidly fixed in the body of the device, ensuring the transmission of vibrations from the body to all fibers of the coil.
  • the DOD coil is wound in the form of a coil without a frame with a diameter that ensures the passage of the probe pulse without significant attenuation of the probe pulse signal, and the number of turns of the coil provides a sufficient delay in the passage of the probe pulse signal, depending on the dynamic characteristics of the intended impact on the structure and the properties of the structure itself .
  • the reflection signals from all devices are formed at the input of the receiving device as a result of the passage of shares of the probing pulse along the closed optical ring in the opposite direction through the branched optical network of the detector, on the branches of which the DOD is placed.
  • the required value of the branch power to the DOD is much less than the initial power value at the output of the reflectometer and depends on the characteristics of the emitter, the sensitivity of the reflectometer receiving device and the distance of the DOD from the measuring device, which allows placing many branches to the DOD on one transport cable.
  • the magnitude of the branched power for each DOD according to the principle of operation of the device can differ from each other by several times without impairing the operation of the device, which allows the use of taps with both a wide branching range and the same type of series.
  • the power of the returned signal at the input of the receiving device does not exceed the saturation limits for the used receiving device and is not lower than the permissible level comparable to the noise level.
  • dynamically exceeding the receiver's saturation limits of the reflected signal power does not disrupt the operation of the device.
  • the construction of a multipoint optical circuit for returning signals from the DOD allows for the most efficient operation of the device with low energy losses of the signals returning to the receiving device, providing the maximum number of sensors on one line of the device with point placement of sensors.
  • the duration of the probing pulse, as well as the linear dimensions of the coil and the transport cable are preferably taken into account, which is preferable to prevent competition (overlap) of the returned signals in time.
  • time contention control of the returned signals is performed as needed either by the length of the coil or by optical delay lines, which are those previously described with reference to FIGS. 1-5 optical delay lines, made by connecting the reserve cores of a fiber-optic cable into an optical circuit, or by corrective coils consisting of the same type of optical fiber of the required length.
  • DOD works as follows.
  • the work of DOD is based on the reflectometric method of measurement and the method using the Sagnac interferometer.
  • the probing pulse of the reflectometer passes through the transport part of the fiber-optic circuit of the device and splitters, which reduce the energy of the fractions of the probing pulse to the sensitive part of each DOD.
  • the probing pulse is divided into two parts, and then these parts follow the fibers of the coil in the opposite direction along the entire length of the coil. After the pulses pass through the coil, the two separated pulses are again added together at the splitter.
  • the interference summation of two signals occurs and the value of this signal at the output of the splitter will depend on the phase difference of the terms of the signals, the value of which depends on the initial actual phase difference associated with the specific installation of the optical circuit of the device and its components.
  • the phase difference changes in accordance with the force of the impact and the speed of the vibrations of the structure caused by this impact.
  • the reflection signals arrive at the input of the receiving device sequentially in time, starting from the closest DODs, the value of this delay for each DOD is different and characterizes its address.
  • the computing device based on the data received, determines the nature of the impact on the structure, the time and strength of the impact, and in case of exceeding the set values, generates an alarm.
  • a sensitive element of a dynamic fiber optic sensor formed by a coil of optical fibers and a splitter, the outputs of which are closed to each other by the said coil and form a closed loop that generates a reflection signal, and the splitter is configured to be connected to transport part of the security fiber-optic detector.
  • the coil is designed in such a way that vibrations of the sensor housing are transmitted to all fibers of the coil.
  • the coil is not rigidly fixed in the sensor housing.
  • the coil is wound in the form of a coil without a frame with a diameter that ensures the passage of the probing pulse without significant attenuation of the signal of the probing pulse.
  • the number of turns of the coil provides a sufficient delay in the passage of the probe pulse signal.
  • the sensing element provides control of the competition of the returned signals in time by the length of the coil, or by the optical delay line.
  • the optical delay line is made by connecting the reserve cores of the fiber optic cable into the optical circuit, or is made by a correction coil consisting of the same type of optical fiber of the required length.
  • a housing of a dynamic fiber optic sensor is claimed, made with the possibility of placing in it a sensitive element of the sensor, formed by a coil of optical fibers and a splitter, the outputs of which are closed to each other by the said coil and form a closed loop, forming a reflection signal, and the splitter is configured to be connected to the transport part of the security fiber-optic detector, and the coil is placed in the housing in such a way that the vibrations of the sensor housing are transmitted to all fibers of the coil.
  • the coil is not rigidly fixed in the sensor housing.
  • the coil is wound in the form of a coil without frame with a diameter that ensures the passage of the probing pulse without significant attenuation of the signal of the probing pulse.
  • the number of turns of the coil provides a sufficient delay in the passage of the sounding pulse signal.
  • the sensing element provides regulation of the competition of the returned signals in time by the length of the coil, or by the optical delay line.
  • the optical delay line is made by connecting the reserve cores of the fiber optic cable into the optical circuit, or is made by a correction coil consisting of the same type of optical fiber of the required length.
  • a dynamic fiber optic sensor is declared, which is a housing made with the possibility of being fixed on a controlled structure, made with the possibility of placing in it a sensitive element of the sensor formed by a coil of optical fibers and a splitter, the outputs of which are closed between the said coil and form a closed loop that generates a reflection signal, and the splitter is configured to be connected to the transport part of the security fiber-optic detector.
  • the coil is placed in the housing in such a way that vibrations of the sensor housing are transmitted to all fibers of the coil.
  • the coil is not rigidly fixed in the sensor housing.
  • the coil is wound in the form of a coil without a frame with a diameter that ensures the passage of the probing pulse without significant attenuation of the signal of the probing pulse.
  • the number of turns of the coil provides a sufficient delay in the passage of the sounding pulse signal.
  • the sensing element provides control of the competition of the returned signals in time by the length of the coil, or by the optical delay line.
  • the optical delay line is made by connecting the reserve cores of the fiber optic cable into the optical circuit, or is made by a correction coil consisting of the same type of optical fiber of the required length.
  • the sensor provides optical amplification of the phase difference of the reflection signals and the interference pattern at the output.
  • a fence with a movable element with a sensitive element placed on it a dynamic fiber optic sensor of a security fiber optic detector which is a fence containing a movable element made with the possibility of placing a housing of a dynamic fiber optic sensor (DOS) on it
  • DOS is a sensor containing a housing made with the possibility of placing a sensitive element of the sensor in it, formed by a coil of optical fibers and a splitter, the outputs of which are closed to each other by the said coil and form a closed loop that generates a reflection signal, and the splitter is configured to be connected to the transport part of the security fiber-optic detector.
  • the coil is placed in the housing in such a way that vibrations of the sensor housing are transmitted to all fibers of the coil.
  • the coil is not rigidly fixed in the sensor housing.
  • the coil is wound in the form of a coil without a frame with a diameter that ensures the passage of the probing pulse without significant attenuation of the signal of the probing pulse.
  • the number of turns of the coil provides a sufficient delay in the passage of the sounding pulse signal.
  • the sensing element provides regulation of the competition of the returned signals in time by the length of the coil, or by the optical delay line.
  • the optical delay line is made by connecting the reserve cores of the fiber optic cable into the optical circuit, or is made by a correction coil consisting of the same type of optical fiber of the required length.
  • the sensor provides optical amplification of the phase difference of the reflection signals and the interference pattern at the output.
  • the movable element is a gate.
  • the movable element is a gate.
  • the movable element is a hatch.
  • a guarded boundary containing a fence with a movable element with a sensitive element of a dynamic fiber optic sensor of a security fiber detector placed on it a guarded boundary containing a fence with a movable element with a sensitive element of a dynamic fiber optic sensor of a security fiber detector placed on it - optical, which is a fence containing a movable element, made with the possibility of placing on it the body of a dynamic fiber optic sensor (DOS), and the DOS is a sensor containing a body, made with the possibility of placing in it a sensitive element of the sensor, formed by a coil of optical fibers and a splitter, the outputs of which are closed to each other by the said coil and form a closed loop that generates a reflection signal, and the splitter is configured to be connected to the transport part of the security fiber-optic detector.
  • DOS dynamic fiber optic sensor
  • the coil is placed in the housing in such a way that vibrations of the sensor housing are transmitted to all fibers of the coil.
  • the coil is not rigidly fixed in the sensor housing.
  • the coil is wound in the form of a coil without a frame with a diameter that ensures the passage of the probing pulse without significant attenuation of the signal of the probing pulse.
  • the number of turns of the coil provides a sufficient delay in the passage of the sounding pulse signal.
  • the sensing element provides regulation of the competition of the returned signals in time by the length of the coil, or by the optical delay line.
  • the optical delay line is made by connecting the reserve cores of the fiber optic cable into the optical circuit, or is made by a correction coil consisting of the same type of optical fiber of the required length.
  • the sensor provides optical amplification of the phase difference of the reflection signals and the interference pattern at the output.
  • the movable element is a gate.
  • the movable element is a gate.
  • the movable element is a hatch.
  • a signaling method using a sensitive element of the dynamic fiber optic sensor of a security fiber optic detector placed on the moving element of the fence a signaling method is claimed using the dynamic fiber optic sensor located on the moving element of the fence of the sensitive element of the dynamic fiber optic sensor (DOS) of the security fiber optic detector , at which the DOD body is placed on a movable element of the fence structure, and the DOD is a sensor containing a body configured to accommodate a sensor sensing element formed by a coil of optical fibers and a splitter, the outputs of which are closed to each other by the said coil and form a closed loop , which generates a reflection signal, and the splitter is configured to connect to the transport part of the security fiber-optic detector, a probing pulse of a reflectometer of a security fiber-optic detector is fed through the transport part and detector splitters to the DOS sensing element, the probing pulse at the DOS input is divided into two parts by means of a sensing element splitter to direct them along
  • the coil is placed in the housing in such a way that vibrations of the sensor housing are transmitted to all fibers of the coil.
  • the coil is not rigidly fixed in the sensor housing.
  • the coil is wound in the form of a coil without a frame with a diameter that ensures the passage of the probing pulse without significant attenuation of the signal of the probing pulse.
  • provide a number of turns of the coil providing a sufficient delay in the passage of the signal of the probing pulse.
  • the optical delay line is made by connecting the reserve cores of the fiber optic cable into the optical circuit, or is made by a correction coil consisting of the same type of optical fiber of the required length.
  • the sensor provides optical amplification of the phase difference of the reflection signals and the interference pattern at the output.
  • fiber optic end sensors can be placed, optionally used in conjunction with those described earlier with reference to FIG. 1-5 fiber optic security detectors.
  • CODE is a sensor, the principle of operation of which is based on the use of the design and properties of an optical fiber to change the bandwidth for the passage of laser radiation depending on the geometric shape and dimensions of the optical fiber, which is changed by the pusher within the limits of elastic deformation of the shape of the optical fiber of the sensitive part at one frequency of laser radiation and maintaining the bandwidth with the same deformations at a different frequency.
  • the collection of information about the positions of the working bodies of the sensor is performed using a computing device for information processing, a reflectometer and a fiber-optic cable network branched on splitters.
  • the range of the CODE is determined by the level of attenuation of the signal of the probing pulse output to the CODE is not lower than the required value.
  • the CODE can be used in systems remote over long distances, where there are no sources of electrical energy, in security alarm systems, to control the position of gates and gates on the perimeter of small and extended territories, the position of manhole covers of the well space, position sensors of culverts , signaling the condition of walls for damage and breaches, and the like, including being used in explosive environments, in conditions of 100% humidity, high gas content and dust, when working in water, including sewage, in conditions of increased radiation, in conditions that exclude the possibility of using electrical appliances in conditions of high power electromagnetic interference.
  • the proposed CODE uses two sources of laser radiation of different frequencies - a working one and a diagnostic one.
  • the use of diagnostic laser radiation is intermittent.
  • the CODE 2000 includes a housing 2001 with a pusher 2002 that provides a change in the position of the rings 2003 of the optical fibers of the sensitive part, a sensitive part that is installed in the housing of the CODE and is connected through a splitter 2004 with the transport part 2005 of the security fiber-optic detector, providing the connection of the CODE to an extensive optical network and transport of laser pulses in the forward and reverse directions.
  • the sensitive part of the sensor is made of a splitter 2004, the outputs of which are closed to each other by an optical fiber of a certain shape and together form a closed loop for generating a reflection signal and a return signal.
  • the change in the geometric position of the fibers in the sensitive part of the RCD in the elastic range of deformations due to the change in the position of the working body is such that it leads to a change in the possibility of passing reflection signals in the operating frequency range of the laser radiation of the reflectometer and transmits reflection signals in both positions of the working body in the diagnostic frequency range of laser radiation, providing information by a signal about the health of the optical circuit of the sensor.
  • the sensitive part of the sensor is a closed loop in the form of several rings with a bending radius in the elastic range of deformations, allowing free passage of the probing pulse reflection signal at the operating frequency, and in the second position of the working body, the bending radius of the rings changes in the elastic range.
  • deformation range up to the shape at which the signal of the probing pulse is partially absorbed in the sheath of the optical fiber of the sensitive part of the RCD in places with the smallest radii up to the required minimum value of the reflection signal while it is possible to control the health of the sensor at the diagnostic frequency of the laser radiation, that is, a laser pulse of a different frequency continues to pass through the rings.
  • the change in the spatial shape of the optical fiber of the sensitive part of the COD is carried out through rods (holders) 2006 with grippers 2007 located on different sides of the rings 2003 of the sensitive element, and one of the holders 2006 is connected to the movable part of the working body of the COD (pusher 2002), and others - with the base of the case 2001 COD.
  • the grips 2007 are in the form of a standard heat shrink tubing (weld protection kit (SPK)) used to secure optical fiber splices, the length of the standard heat shrink tubing being preferably truncated.
  • a metal rod 2006 preferably curved, preferably L-shaped, is inserted into the said tube 2007, and the rod 2006 is fixed with screws 2008 attached to the base of the housing and to the pusher 2002
  • the COD uses optical fiber of the G652 standard of all modifications (it is allowed to use the fiber of the fiber-optic cable used in the security detector).
  • the geometric dimensions of the rings 2003 and the magnitude of their bends vary in the following ranges: the width of the heat shrink tubes is 5 ⁇ 2 mm, the diameter of the unstressed coils in the form of a circle is 20 ⁇ 2 mm.
  • the technological length of the optical fibers of the leads should preferably be at least 1000 mm and provide the possibility of welding, their repetition should preferably be at least 4 times, the number of turns - from 8 to 12.
  • the minimum distance of opposite sides of the rings at maximum compression is preferably at least 4 ⁇ 2 mm
  • the maximum removal of opposite sides during tension should preferably ensure the minimum bending radius of the rings in the zone fastening is not less than 4 ⁇ 1 mm
  • the maximum travel of the moving part is not more than 12 ⁇ 2 mm, which, together with the elastic properties of metal rods, ensures the safe manufacture of the sensor, switching on and further adjustment, including the possibility of continuous monitoring of the sensor’s health and performance of its main function.
  • the RCD has two main positions of the sensing part of the sensor, as shown in FIG. 12 - in the first, the fiber bending radius is more than the minimum critical value, and, preferably, without being limited, the probing pulse and the reflected signal move freely in the fiber core in both directions, and even more so at a diagnostic frequency with a shorter wavelength.
  • the fiber bending radius is less than the critical value at which the probing pulse at the operating wavelength, reaching the fiber bending point, penetrates into the fiber cladding and is absorbed in it, as a result of which no reflection signal is formed, however, preferably, no limited, a pulse at a diagnostic frequency with a shorter wavelength continues to pass through the rings, creating reflection signals and confirming the correct operation of the sensor.
  • the absorption of the energy of the probing pulse during compression of the bay occurs twice in each turn of the ellipsoidal shape of the deformation of the optical fiber 2001 , which makes it possible to significantly increase the minimum value of the bending radius of the ellipse, at which the energy of the probing pulse is sufficiently completely absorbed.
  • the reflection signals are generated at the input of the receiving device as a result of the passage of a probing pulse in the forward and reverse directions through an extensive optical network, on the branches of which the CODEs are placed.
  • the branched optical network acts as a transport and power divider of the probing pulse directed to the RCD.
  • the required value of the branched power to the RCD is, as a rule, much less than the initial value of the power at the output of the reflectometer and depends on the characteristics of the emitter, the sensitivity of the receiver of the reflectometer and the distance of the RCD from measuring device, which allows to place many branches to the CODE on one transport cable.
  • the value of the branched power for each CODE according to the principle of operation of the device can differ from each other by several times without impairing the operation of the device, which allows the use of couplers with a wide branching range.
  • the power of the returned signal at the input of the receiving device does not exceed the saturation limits for the used receiving device and not below an acceptable level comparable to the noise level.
  • the excess of the power of the reflected signal exceeding the saturation limits of the receiving device does not interfere with the operation of the device.
  • the main result of collecting information from the RCD is the ratio of the power of the returned signal in one of the positions of the sensor to the value of the power of the returned signal in another position.
  • the ratio of the power of the returned signal in different states of the CODE can reach tens or more times and be considered by the measurement system as discrete signals "there is a signal” or “there is no signal”.
  • the returned signal is considered by the system as discrete "healthy” or "failed” signals.
  • the ROD contains a housing with a lever mechanism that provides movement of optical fibers of the sensitive part of the ROD, a piece of a fiber-optic transport cable for connecting to an extensive optical network and transporting laser pulses in the forward and reverse directions, and a sensitive part, changes in the position of which lead to a change in its bandwidth and reflectivity, moreover, the geometric dimensions of the rings of the sensitive part and the extreme working positions of the pusher of the working body of the CODE should ensure the passage of the probing pulse signals at the operating frequency in one of the positions of the working body, blocking the signals of the probing pulse in another position of the working body and at the control frequency, the passage of signals probing pulse in any state of the working body.
  • the CODE is an optical-mechanical design in which, due to a change in the position of the working body of the sensor, the power of the returned signals changes, for example, the design of the closest analogue described in patent RU 172554, included in this description by reference, with the exception of other execution of grips and holders, as described in this document.
  • the use of rods with heat shrink tubes as grips instead of double heat shrink tubes greatly simplifies the sensor manufacturing process, and also provides the possibility of flexible adjustment of the sensor operation mode, due to the fact that the rods can be adjusted by means of screws.
  • the change in the position of the working body is made when exposed to the elements of the working body.
  • the ability of the sensor to change the value of the return pulse is made by changing the value of the bend radius and the orientation of the optical fiber of the sensitive part of the sensor is less than the value at which the integrity and elastic properties of the optical fiber are preserved, and the optical beam of the probing pulse at the bend points penetrates into the fiber cladding and absorbed in it.
  • the construction of a multi-point optical sensor return circuit allows for the most efficient circuit with low energy losses of return signals to the receiving device, providing the maximum number of sensors on one line of the device. In this case, when constructing the system, preferably, without limitation, the duration of the probing pulse, the linear dimensions of the sensing elements and the transport cable are taken into account.
  • optical delay lines are used, which are described previously with reference to Figs. 1-5 optical delay lines, made by connecting the reserve cores of a fiber-optic cable into an optical circuit, or correction coils consisting of the same type of optical fiber of the required length.
  • the CODE operates as follows.
  • the operation of the device is based on the following principles: a) receiving a reflection signal from the end of a line drawn to the sensor of sufficient power to reliably identify its location and magnitude of reflection; b) the ratio of the power of the reflection signal in the state of the maximum bandwidth of the sensor to the value of the power of the reflection signal in the state of the minimum bandwidth of the sensor and the line should provide an unambiguous determination of the state of the sensor for any indicated values of interference factors affecting the line and the sensor, such as, but not limited to, temperature, pressure, humidity, gas content, excess moisture, and the like.
  • the ROD pusher is placed on some movable element of any fence to be controlled, and the body is placed on a fixed corresponding element of the fence, for example, but not limited to, a pole, a door slope, a wall, and the like in such a way that the pusher is placed in the direction of movement of the movable element of the fence.
  • the RCD contains a sensor sensing element made in the form of two sets of optical fiber rings 2003, each set of rings is made with its grips 2007 - two at the edges on each set of rings 2001 and two in the middle on a common holder 2006.
  • the common holder 2006 is fixed by means of screws 2008 to the movable part of the sensor housing moved by the working body of the sensor, and the other two holders 2006 are fixed to the fixed part of the housing (not shown in the drawing).
  • the distance between the extreme grips should ensure the complete release of one ring to the size of a circle and the compression of the second ring to an elliptical shape and vice versa in a different position of the sensor.
  • the principle of operation of the sensor is similar to that of the sensor in the previous embodiment, except that the reflection signals from different rings of the sensor are in inverse relation to each other, which provides continuous diagnostics of the sensor's health by two reflection signals.
  • the state of the sensor can be read by two independent reflectometers, taking into account the inversion of the signals.
  • the distance between the extreme positions of the grippers should ensure the complete release of the rings before the size of a circle and the compression of both rings to the size of an ellipse of the required shape.
  • the operation of the RCD is similar to the operation of the RCD described previously, except that two independent rings are used, which allows continuous diagnostics of the health of the sensor on two reflection signals.
  • the state of the sensor can be read by two independent reflectometers.
  • the sensitive part of the RCD in the case of a serial connection of the RCD is a closed loop in the form of optical fibers coiled into rings and attached to the fiber optic cable without a splitter, and a single signal about the state of the sensors is formed according to the "OR" logic.
  • the splitter and fiber optic cables of the sensors are installed in the outer housing of the optical circuit of the device (coupling), while the splitter is closed by a common optical circuit of all sensors, so that in one of the positions of the object, the rings of all sensors are in the state, allowing free passage of the probing pulse signal through all sensors, and if the state of the object changes so that at least one of the sensors changes the shape of the ring into a state in which the probing pulse signal is absorbed in the optical fiber sheath, the reflection signal at the operating frequency of the laser radiation disappears, but stored at the diagnostic frequency.
  • the probing pulse from the reflectometer passes through the transport part of the fiber-optic circuit to the sensitive part of the RCD.
  • the laser pulse propagates in the fiber with virtually no loss.
  • the reflection signal enters the input of the receiving device, signaling the presence of a reflection signal from a certain sensor, that is, with a certain time delay.
  • the radius of the fiber bend in the elastic range is less than the value at which the probing pulse, reaching the place of the fiber bend, begins to penetrate into the fiber cladding and is absorbed in it, as a result of which the signal does not pass through a closed loop and no reflection is formed.
  • the bend radii of the fibers are such that they do not interfere with the passage of the pulse, and reflection signals are generated indicating the health of the sensor circuit.
  • an end fiber optic sensor is declared, containing a body with a pusher that provides a change in the position of the rings of the optical fibers of the sensitive part and a sensitive part made of a splitter, the outputs of which are closed to each other by an optical fiber folded into a ring and together form a closed loop, wherein said ring is connected to said pusher and said body by means of rods which, together with the ring, are extended inside a respective heat shrink tube.
  • the ring of the optical fiber is configured to change the spatial shape to a state in which at the first frequency of the laser radiation, parts of the probing pulses in the optical fiber are absorbed by its sheath, and the reflection signals continue to form at the second frequency of the laser radiation.
  • said heat shrink tubing is a standard weld protection kit (SPJK).
  • said rods are connected to the housing and the pusher, respectively, by means of respective adjusting screws.
  • the change in the spatial shape of the optical fiber of the sensitive part of the RCD is carried out through the grips located on different sides of the rings of the sensing element, and some of the grips are connected to the movable part of the working body of the ROD, others - to the base of the ROD housing.
  • the CODE is configured to adjust the address of the sensor in the fiber optic security detector system.
  • adjusting the address of the sensor is done by changing the length of the optical delay line or the length of the transport part to the CODE.
  • the optical delay line is an optical delay line made of redundant cores of a fiber-optic cable connected into an optical circuit, or made in the form of a corrective coil, consisting of the same type of optical fiber of the required length.
  • the sensing part is formed by several optical fibers coiled into different rings, with some rings in a state allowing free passage of the probe pulse signal, and other rings in a state in which the probe pulse signal is partially absorbed in the cladding of the optical fiber of the sensing part in places with the smallest radii to the required minimum value of the reflection signal, while in the second position of the working body, the positions of the rings are reversed, providing the inverse state of the reflection signals.
  • the sensitive part is a closed loop in the form of optical fibers coiled into rings and connected to a fiber optic cable without a splitter for serial connection of several sensors to each other with the formation of a single signal about the state of the sensors according to the "OR" logic, and the splitter and fiber optic cables of the sensors are installed in the outer case of the optical circuit of the device, while the splitter is closed by a common optical circuit of all sensors in such a way that in one of the positions of the working body the rings of all sensors are in a state that allows free passage of the probing pulse signal through all sensors and, if the state of the object changes like this, that at least one of the sensors changes the shape of the ring into a state in which the signal of the probing pulse is absorbed in the sheath of the optical fiber, the reflection signal at the operating frequency of the laser radiation disappears, but remains at the diagnostic frequency.
  • a fiber optic security detector containing a fiber optic end sensor, the pusher of which is placed on a movable element of the fence, containing a housing with a pusher that provides a change in the position of the rings of the optical fibers of the sensitive part and a sensitive part made of a splitter, the outputs of which are closed to each other by an optical fiber coiled into a ring and together form a closed loop, wherein said ring is connected to said pusher and said body by means of rods, which, together with the ring, are extended inside the corresponding heat shrink tube.
  • the optical fiber ring is configured to change its spatial shape to a state in which, at the first frequency of laser radiation, parts of the probing pulses in the optical fiber are absorbed by its cladding, with reflection signals continuing to form at the second frequency of laser radiation.
  • said heat shrink tubing is a standard weld protection kit (SPJK).
  • said rods are connected to the housing and the pusher, respectively, by means of respective adjusting screws.
  • the change in the spatial shape of the optical fiber of the sensitive part of the RCD is carried out through the grips located on different sides of the rings of the sensing element, and some of the grips are connected to the movable part of the working body of the ROD, others - to the base of the ROD housing.
  • the CODE is configured to adjust the address of the sensor in the fiber optic security detector system.
  • adjusting the address of the sensor is done by changing the length of the optical delay line or the length of the transport part to the CODE.
  • the optical delay line is an optical delay line made of redundant cores of a fiber-optic cable connected into an optical circuit, or made in the form of a correction coil, consisting of the same type of optical fiber of the required length.
  • the sensing part is formed by several optical fibers coiled into different rings, with some rings in a state allowing free passage of the probe pulse signal, and other rings in a state in which the probe pulse signal is partially absorbed in the cladding of the optical fiber of the sensing part in places with the smallest radii to the required minimum value of the reflection signal, while in the second position of the working body, the positions of the rings are reversed, providing the inverse state of the reflection signals.
  • the sensitive part is a closed loop in the form of optical fibers coiled into rings and connected to a fiber optic cable without a splitter for serial connection of several sensors to each other with the formation of a single signal about the state of the sensors according to the "OR" logic, and the splitter and fiber optic cables of the sensors are installed in the outer case of the optical circuit of the device, while the splitter is closed by a common optical circuit of all sensors in such a way that in one of the positions of the working body the rings of all sensors are in a state that allows free passage of the probing pulse signal through all sensors and, if the state of the object changes like this, that at least one of the sensors changes the shape of the ring into a state in which the signal of the probing pulse is absorbed in the cladding of the optical fiber, the reflection signal at the operating frequency of the laser radiation disappears, but remains at the diagnostic frequency.
  • a fence with a movable element with an end fiber optic sensor of a security fiber optic detector placed on it a fence with a movable element with a sensor pusher placed on it, which is an end fiber optic sensor containing a housing with a pusher that provides a change in position rings of optical fibers of the sensitive part and a sensitive part made of a splitter, the outputs of which are closed to each other by an optical fiber coiled into a ring and together form a closed loop, and the said ring is connected to the said pusher and the said housing by means of rods, which, together with the ring, are stretched inside the corresponding heat-shrinkable tubes.
  • the ring of the optical fiber is configured to change the spatial shape to a state in which at the first frequency of the laser radiation, parts of the probing pulses in the optical fiber are absorbed by its sheath, and the reflection signals continue to form at the second frequency of the laser radiation.
  • said heat shrink tubing is a standard weld protection kit (SPJK).
  • said rods are connected to the housing and the pusher, respectively, by means of respective adjusting screws.
  • the change in the spatial shape of the optical fiber of the sensitive part of the RCD is carried out through the grips located on different sides of the rings of the sensing element, and some of the grips are connected to the movable part of the working body of the ROD, others - to the base of the ROD housing.
  • the CODE is configured to adjust the address of the sensor in the fiber optic security detector system.
  • adjusting the address of the sensor is done by changing the length of the optical delay line or the length of the transport part to the CODE.
  • the optical delay line is an optical delay line made of redundant cores of a fiber-optic cable connected into an optical circuit, or made in the form of a correction coil, consisting of the same type of optical fiber of the required length.
  • the sensing part is formed by several optical fibers coiled into different rings, some of the rings being in a state allowing free passage of the probe pulse signal, and other rings - in a state in which the signal of the probing pulse is partially absorbed in the sheath of the optical fiber of the sensitive part in places with the smallest radii up to the required minimum value of the reflection signal, while in the second position of the working body, the positions of the rings change to the opposite, providing an inverse state of the reflection signals .
  • the sensitive part is a closed loop in the form of optical fibers coiled into rings and connected to a fiber optic cable without a splitter for serial connection of several sensors to each other with the formation of a single signal about the state of the sensors according to the "OR" logic, and the splitter and fiber optic cables of the sensors are installed in the outer case of the optical circuit of the device, while the splitter is closed by a common optical circuit of all sensors in such a way that in one of the positions of the working body the rings of all sensors are in a state that allows free passage of the probing pulse signal through all sensors and, if the state of the object changes like this, that at least one of the sensors changes the shape of the ring into a state in which the signal of the probing pulse is absorbed in the sheath of the optical fiber, the reflection signal at the operating frequency of the laser radiation disappears, but remains at the diagnostic frequency.
  • the movable element is one of: gate, gate, hatch, door.
  • a guarded boundary is declared containing a fence with a movable element with a sensor pusher placed on it, which is an end fiber optic sensor containing a housing with a pusher that provides a change in the position of the rings of optical fibers of the sensitive part and a sensitive part made of a splitter, the outputs of which are closed to each other by an optical fiber coiled into a ring and together form a closed loop, moreover, the said ring is connected to the said pusher and the said housing by means of rods, which together with the ring are stretched inside the appropriate heat shrink tubing.
  • the ring of the optical fiber is configured to change the spatial shape to a state in which, at the first frequency of laser radiation, parts of the probing pulses in the optical fiber are absorbed by its cladding, and the reflection signals continue formed at the second frequency of laser radiation.
  • said heat shrink tubing is a standard weld protection kit (SPJK).
  • said rods are connected to the housing and the pusher, respectively, by means of respective adjusting screws.
  • the change in the spatial shape of the optical fiber of the sensitive part of the RCD is carried out through the grips located on different sides of the rings of the sensing element, and some of the grips are connected to the movable part of the working body of the ROD, others - to the base of the ROD housing.
  • the CODE is configured to adjust the address of the sensor in the fiber optic security detector system.
  • adjusting the address of the sensor is done by changing the length of the optical delay line or the length of the transport part to the CODE.
  • the optical delay line is an optical delay line made of redundant cores of a fiber-optic cable connected into an optical circuit, or made in the form of a correction coil, consisting of the same type of optical fiber of the required length.
  • the sensing part is formed by several optical fibers coiled into different rings, with some rings in a state allowing free passage of the probe pulse signal, and other rings in a state in which the probe pulse signal is partially absorbed in the cladding of the optical fiber of the sensing part in places with the smallest radii to the required minimum value of the reflection signal, while in the second position of the working body, the positions of the rings are reversed, providing the inverse state of the reflection signals.
  • the sensitive part is a closed loop in the form of optical fibers coiled into rings and connected to a fiber optic cable without a splitter for serial connection of several sensors to each other with the formation of a single signal about the state of the sensors according to the "OR" logic, and the splitter and fiber optic cables of the sensors are installed in the outer case of the optical circuit of the device, while the splitter is closed by a common optical circuit of all sensors in such a way that in one of the positions of the working body the rings of all sensors are in a state that allows free passage of the probing pulse signal through all sensors and, if the state of the object changes like this, that at least one of the sensors changes the shape of the ring into a state in which the probing pulse signal is absorbed in the optical fiber cladding, the reflection signal at the operating frequency laser radiation disappears, but remains at the diagnostic frequency.
  • the movable element is one of: gate, gate, hatch, door.
  • a signaling method using an end fiber optic sensor of a security fiber optic detector in which a probing pulse is applied from the reflectometer of the security fiber optic detector to the sensitive part of the sensor, moreover, the sensor is an end fiber optic sensor containing a housing with a pusher that provides a change in the position of the rings of optical fibers of the sensitive part and a sensitive part made of a splitter, the outputs of which are closed to each other by an optical fiber coiled into a ring and together form a closed loop, and the said ring is connected to said pusher and said body by means of rods, which, together with the ring, are stretched inside the corresponding heat shrink tube, when the position of the pusher changes, the absence of a signal is recorded.
  • the ring of the optical fiber is made with the possibility of changing the spatial shape to a state in which at the first frequency of the laser radiation, parts of the probing pulses in the optical fiber are absorbed by its sheath, and the reflection signals continue to form at the second frequency of the laser radiation.
  • said heat shrink tubing is a standard weld protection kit (SPJK).
  • said rods are connected to the body and pusher, respectively, by means of respective adjusting screws.
  • the change in the spatial shape of the optical fiber of the sensitive part of the RCD is carried out through the grips located on different sides of the rings of the sensing element, and some of the grips are connected to the movable part of the working body of the ROD, others - to the base of the ROD housing.
  • the CODE is configured to adjust the address of the sensor in the fiber optic security detector system.
  • adjusting the address of the sensor is done by changing the length of the optical delay line or the length of the transport part to the CODE.
  • the optical delay line is an optical delay line made of redundant cores of a fiber optic cable connected into an optical circuit, or made in the form of a correction coil, consisting of the same type of optical fiber of the required length.
  • the sensing part is formed by several optical fibers coiled into different rings, with some rings in a state allowing free passage of the probe pulse signal, and other rings in a state in which the probe pulse signal is absorbed in parts in the sheath of the optical fiber of the sensitive part. in places with the smallest radii to the required minimum value of the reflection signal, while in the second position of the working body, the positions of the rings are reversed, providing an inverse state of the reflection signals.
  • the sensitive part is a closed loop in the form of optical fibers coiled into rings and connected to a fiber optic cable without a splitter for serial connection of several sensors to each other with the formation of a single signal about the state of the sensors according to the "OR" logic, and the splitter and fiber optic cables of the sensors are installed in the outer case of the optical circuit of the device, while the splitter is closed by a common optical circuit of all sensors in such a way that in one of the positions of the working body the rings of all sensors are in a state that allows free passage of the probing pulse signal through all sensors and, if the state of the object changes like this, that at least one of the sensors changes the shape of the ring into a state in which the signal of the probing pulse is absorbed in the sheath of the optical fiber, the reflection signal at the operating frequency of the laser radiation disappears, but remains at the diagnostic frequency.
  • the movable element is one of: gate, gate, hatch, door

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Optical Transform (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte aux techniques de mesure utilisant la fibre optique, notamment des avertisseurs de sécurité à fibre optique, ainsi que des produits, des procédés et des moyens en rapport avec des avertisseurs de sécurité à fibre optique et leurs variantes. Le résultat technique de la présente invention consiste en la création d'un moyen technique dépourvu des inconvénients de l'analogue le plus proche, ainsi qu'en une simplification du montage et une accélération du processus de montage des composants de l'avertisseur de sécurité à fibre optique du fait de l'utilisation d'un produit fini, de l'exclusion d'un recours à des travaux de soudure lors du processus de montage; il est en outre possible d'effectuer le montage en utilisant un moyen de transport automobile, et d'effectuer le montage en utilisant un procédé de pose mécanisé.
PCT/RU2021/050310 2020-09-28 2021-09-28 Dispositif de conteneur pour la partie linéaire d'un avertisseur de sécurité à fibre optique WO2022066058A1 (fr)

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114516491A (zh) * 2022-04-08 2022-05-20 鹰潭明康通信技术有限公司 一种分路器包装盒

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RU2009134092A (ru) * 2009-09-14 2011-03-20 Владимир Васильевич Гришачев (RU) Волоконно-оптический детектор угроз утечки речевой информации через волоконно-оптические коммуникации
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US20190094480A1 (en) * 2016-04-25 2019-03-28 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Helix Hand Reversal Mitigation System and Method

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US20050279511A1 (en) * 2003-06-20 2005-12-22 Sarmad Adnan Method and apparatus for deploying a line in coiled tubing
RU2009134092A (ru) * 2009-09-14 2011-03-20 Владимир Васильевич Гришачев (RU) Волоконно-оптический детектор угроз утечки речевой информации через волоконно-оптические коммуникации
RU2400897C1 (ru) * 2009-11-25 2010-09-27 Закрытое Акционерное Общество Электросетьстройпроект Барабан для крепления муфт с шлейфом оптического кабеля
US20190094480A1 (en) * 2016-04-25 2019-03-28 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Helix Hand Reversal Mitigation System and Method
RU2648008C1 (ru) * 2016-12-29 2018-03-21 ОБЩЕСТВО С ОГРАНИЧЕННОЙ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТЬЮ НАУЧНО-ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННОЕ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЕ "АВТОМАТИКА - С" (ООО НПП "Автоматика-С") Устройство сбора информации о величинах динамических воздействиях на гибкие конструкции и состояние концевых оптоволоконных извещателей

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114516491A (zh) * 2022-04-08 2022-05-20 鹰潭明康通信技术有限公司 一种分路器包装盒
CN114516491B (zh) * 2022-04-08 2023-06-23 鹰潭明康通信技术有限公司 一种分路器包装盒

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